==========================================================
ྫУС˵֪أhttps://www.zxcs.info/
==========================================================


ҽѧģ ߣһҶ

ݼ飺
ֻܳǸСҽ΢Ṥʵ͡
༴ԺĻᣬľֶѧԺѧǡ
ܳżȻõҽѧģ
һˡ
̨
ɹصλá
ж˲˵񾭡
㱻ҽʦʸ֤

ģɹѡһܡ
ԴϽ
ܳһҽѧ۷塭





һ ҽѧģ
Ĳһ£ҽԺξӹѡһԺ
ɶû
Ҫˣ
ɳУɳеڰҽԺĹǿƶҽ칫ſڣܳɣƫͷЩʡ
վ˽ܳɣܳɰѰ״ӹⲿΡ
˵㣬ⲻһ
ҽԺ˵Ҫѡһ£оһˣǵĹ
ҿﻹѧоҵ֮ģҪ£ҪѧѧֵõңܳЩɬػص
ܳɱƱҵǰоûˢˣֻܿࡣ
ȻɳеĵڰҽԺڵҽԺ
ǵ꣬ҵ
ܳɶѾҺĵλڵҽԺĸҽԺкʱȥ
ҽԺҪо߱ȽϺõıˣܳͨûоĳ·ֻҽԺȥˡ
ҵû˸£ҽԺͻȻ֪ͨҪһĹ棬ѡһٲ˵õԺ
Ҳ֪ԺǻʲôԲɢϢģܳɾãϢܾһֻΪùú£ܹõİ
ɳаҽԺƽʱƸԭǣòʿ˶ʿİԺࣿ
ܳɲôΪ
Ϸ
ĹֲֹܳһܳԹ࣬оģһѧͲʿҵԺء
ǱܳɾԼûʲôϣġ
οĻһϰҲһ֡
ϾǰҽԺεƵһҽʦ
ܳԼѧûѧûйϵƾɶȥİΣ
ܳɻиҪȥо
ˣܳɾʹæٴκˣ㣬ֵ˶ʮСʱȻȥϢ˰
ܳͬ䣬ܳɴ졣ܳʱôѧƱҵһǱƵ֣Ϊһ궼ˣദû㲻
ܳҲе
ɣֻǾã㻹ǲҪô׷ȽϺáһأ
ܹǸ᲻ǣ
ܳЦЦתȥ
ƽʱܳɻҪ䣬첻УΪܳиҪҪ
°ϽصҽԺķӣȻܳɲſʼǰĹ쾰
ҽѧģسɹ
ܳе£⵽ǡָǾ֢
ҪܳǸҽѧĻ֢ⷽ룬ѧС˵һɾˡ
ģϻΨһһģ⸱
пλڹ̶Ҫ10лֵʾȴʱ䡣ȴʱ¹㡣
ǰлֵ11
ģѡ顢еһ
һƬڰڵסˣܳɿ
ֻ
Ǹ
пλڹ̶ʵʵܣҲǹǿҽʦĻܣҲǻһ
ֻܳԼ롣
Ϊιǿƶξ˵ˣΪӦҽԺĺ٣ǿҲӹѡһԺҪڹҵǰѹпλڹ̶ѧᡣ
ⲻ˵ô
пλڹ̶IIְҽʦҲмְơ
һоģԼоʦһ£ҪôֹϵӲġ
Լ
ĸϼҷԼIIȻҶף
ᶼûãôѧ
ûѧ
ܳɲȥʱ򣬾Ѿܳ˸ųȥ
˵
ܳɿ˿Լ11лֵ˿ģ⸱Ȩޡ
пλڹ̶ȴʱ䣺000000ѡģ⣬Ƿģ⸱
룡
ܳɰ
һ۲ˡ
ȷΪֹжιۣơ
ңվλϣԲ˽
ʾ鲻㣬ж˻ߵ񾭡
Ͻϼҽʦȳ޷תĺ֢
㱻ٱԽشҽ¹ʡ
㱻ҽʦʸ֤
ģ
ۺ֣
ѡ䣺ϸιϼֹпλڹ̶ؼ䡣
ܳɿ꣺
ô˵ôȻ˵񾭶жˣ
Ƿ
Ȼ
ܳȷʲôû
Ѿ´ģʱЯ˼䡣
ȴǰȴʱ䡣000458
ðɣȴ
һͲˡ
ܳɴһֱƽ̨Ȼ㿴ӵֱʵ˼ȫûֱϡ
֮
ģ⸱ڵȴʱ䡣


ڶ Ĳ
ʾǷʼģʾ
ϽϽ
ֶܳһأ׼ʱġ
ܳһ¡
ڶģ⿪ʼ
˺ܶ۲ˡ
ȷΪɹжιۣơ
ϴģĽѵԼ뷨ʼǱоʼѧƵ
ֵǱĸϼҽʦѧϰ
ºĻ֪ʶѾձȽι̣ҶԹ۸λѾǳ
ۿżġڣڽҵ֮ǰĵ£Ĳ㻹ǳ嶯ٴҪľ
ңվλϣԲ˽
ɹر¶۶϶ˣɹǣλ
ϸְĹУڲȲݶ˿
ең㻹Ǽְѻ˿ݶȡ˳ꡣ
һܣĲ˸飬ְָǶ˲ϡ
һ£Ļ߳˸ְ廬ٴν߿ʼϼҽʦ鷳㱻ϼҽʦٱҽơ
㱻ٱԽشҽ¹ʡ
˹ġ
㱻ҽʦʸ֤
ģ
ۺ֣ϲ
ѡһ
ܣɹǹпλڹ̶дΣ
䣺֫ϵͳֲʾ飨ţ֫ѧţ
ܳɿ꣺
ҶǱĸϼҽʦѧ£ȥĦƵôãû취һ̨򵥵Ĺпλڹ̶
ôƽʱˮģ
ҵ츳ô
ܳӦ䡣
ֻǲдƷǲɹģźã
ˡ
䱣ɹüܺϳɲϣ֫ϵͳֲʾ飨ţ֫ѧţ
Ͽɴ沢ظʹá´ģǰѡֲϻ߼ܣΪģ⿪֡
ǰȴȴʱ䣺30min
emmmm
üһ⻹˼
ܺϳɲϣ¸ϵĿ
ôҪȴôã
ˣȵȻٿֱ˺ǼԵı쿪ʼˣһҲʮӶʮӵ顭
Сʱʱһ
ܳɿ·ϣȻĵzVSpսܳɻϾͰעŽģϡ
Ȼѡ˿ʼģ⡣
ѡҪЯĿּܻϡ
⻹еѡȫѡϡܳ֡
Ȼ˶ӣ׼һս
˺ܶ۲ˡ
ΪӵбȽʵϵͳѧ;ֲѧѧĻϼҽʦܿע⵽㡣
ֱһΣһϼҽʦûעĩҡ޵ϼҽʦõ˸һֻᡣ
ϼҽʦǱĵش㣬һУǱĽһЩ۸λĻԭ򡢸λļɼݶļɡ
һºϼҽʦᣬʼйڹ̶װȡĽѧ
ºɹضԿչ˵һ̨ڹ̶װȡ
ĸºϼҽʦ㶵ףеһ̨пλڹ̶
ļúü϶û˯á֪ԽȻĲ
ңվλϣԲ˽ϼҽʦһ֡
ɹر¶۶϶ˣɹǣλɹش˸ְ弰ݶ
ϼҽʦ˹
£ϼҽʦʼ֣ϣԼе̨пλڹ̶
ľȻ㣬Ĺ۲˰鷢Ѫˣδܼʱ֡
Ĳ˸ã۲ϡ
һ£Ļδֹߣʼֹǻ
£ϼҽʦĲٴν
ʧȥϼҽʦΡ
뿪ڵҽԺصҽԺ
ڵҽԺѾȡ˹ʸ㿪ʼµµΪ
ģ
ۺ֣һ㡣
ѡһ
ܣɹǹпλڹ̶дΣ
ܣۺڹ̶װȡͨ
䣺崴
꣬ܳɵʱֱMLGB
ô˵ôеѪ˶û֣ҵһ̨ĹۿŸλְݶڹ̶Ŷ
Ǽٵİɡ
ܳɲԼôˣԼĻõġ
ٿԱĶܳѡ˼ܣͨĹڹ̶װȡôҲһżš
ѡ֮ܳһЩԵĶȥ˼õЩʲôʱȴַ֣ʲôҲûС
ٿģ壺
ܣۺڹ̶װȡͨIܣ߼ܺϳɲ֮һȣͨȣͨ
ȴʱ䣺12h賿000000ȴʱ㡣
Ǻö
ģû
ֱԷԷ
ܳ͵͵бʮʵùǿѧ飬һˣûմ˻ҡ
գܳɳ̾һҿĲ
վ


 ٴģ⣡
ܳɷԼ飬ʮӣͱζҺǧҳA4ֽܡ
Լ˵ԭɡ
ˣ
ˣӦˡ
ţǷվſڣ˵СܣֵҰ˳·ˡ
ܳķ¥㲻ߵʽСܹ߲㣬ܳ¥Լס¥һʼС׷һ׸Լסһ׸ĸĸ
ĸˣŮ˳ȥܳɣܱˣһһǧһ¡
ҲɳеڰҽԺҪɳеûһǧ϶ò
ʮݵ̫̫Լϰסżܳȥ䷹ںĳˣ˳·˴ƽҲǿС˳·Ͱˣֻɴľܳɵġ
лл³ֵ̣˶ʮСʱ࣬ŻûԼܳš
ȻһҽԺѣǶ³ԼԼĸĸһóɾ
ɲɾ˵ķݰ
Լ°Ҫȥ˵Ļѵʱò˵һĲһСľˣȻһûһٵģҲˣ˷ѵģɱҲԼ˶١
ܳɲԸͷ̫࣬ͼ˵Ĺ˳¿ظһɡ
³̰ݸܳɣпǵҽ࣬ŮǻʿҲ࣬ΪֵûڼԷҲ֪Եʲô
ȥǡ
˵žˡ
ܳĿ³¥ŹţŰѽµķ΢ת˷
Ȼûʱ䣬ÿ³̶׼ʱغܳȥųԷ߸˳㶫ܳҲϰ³̱ȽĴⷽʽ
Ȼܳɾøָķʽʱ䡣
òףڰ賿00㣬ģĸȴʱ䱻ˢˡ
ѡҪЯĿּܻϡ
ȫѡϡܳĬ
ڼܺͼܹȻԽԽá
Ҵɱķ
˺ܶ۲ˡ
ʵԾԾԵҪΪԺĻһ֪׵سڲϿЦ躹ޡ
Ľѧʮʵõϼҽʦʶ
ڶʮ죬ɶԿչ˵һ̨Ĺڹ̶װȡϼҽʦȫ̹ĦУǿ֮šʼϤĽѧ۸λڹ̶һЩСš
Ӧˣʮ֮Ϳʼȡڹ̶ˡ

ңվλϣԲ˽ϼҽʦһ֡
£Ĳ˳Ժˣ۶϶϶ȽϺãѾ裬ڲָµ·
ĲµĸΪã޹۶϶˲ϵȷ
ϼҽʦǿ֮ţ㿪ʼָӹпλְݶڹ̶ѧϰ
ѧϰȻ
⣿
ܳɿĻʾϢˣ⣿
ֻҪӴµĶûˣ
δõԺʸ񣬵ΪǲԱ˵λ﹤
ڶ꣬ϼҽʦԸӹ۵Ĳ˵
У㿪ʼʴӡ
ʧȥϼҽʦΡ㽥ʧȥĻᣬϼҽʦʼתѧ㿪ʼΪһܴ
ѡ뿪ڵҽԺصҽԺϡ
ڵҽԺѾȡ˹ʸ㿪ʼǰԼǻˡ
ģ
ۺ֣һ㡣
ѡһ
ܣ򵥹пλְݶڹ̶ţ
ܣпλְݶڹ̶ͨ
䣺崴м
ѡܡ
˻
ܳԼʣô
ѵԼĲʺϵһҽ
ԼĹ޾ֻҽԺô
ʵĽʻ֪ʶͨȵڹ̶װȡ֣ΪȥҽԺģ
ǣ
ģ棬ҵĹпλڹ̶ѾˣǲԺʸ
ֻȥǲ
ԺԺƸҽԺǩͬǲǵеٴΰȻԺӺһЩ
⵽ʱľж
ˣֻһģѣԼкܶģĻᡣ
ѡ˱ܺܳɵֶһЩһмѭ
ָоԼھܹȥ̨пλڹ̶һ
ͬʱģĸȻȴִʾ
ü򵥹пλְݶڹ̶ţܿɽܲʧǷ


 С飡
򵥹пλְݶڹ̶ţɹ
¼ܡ
1.֫ѧ飨ͨ
2.ַλţ
3.򵥹۱պϸλڡ̶ͨ
4.ƤƤ֯ͨ
ܿΪ´ģʼʹá
ܳɿ꣬ûѧģÿһ̨ܼʵߴ֪ʶֻǻпλְݶڹ̶ȴͨķ϶ĻҲ̫ˡ
ֻ˲ٵ֪ʶ
ٿһģȴʱ䣬ֻҪӡ
һ¡
ֻˢ˻ֱ000530ʱܳɾ׼ذѿغģ⸱ȴʱ䣬ʼһֵģ⡣
ֻһҪЩȥģأ
գܳɾѡ
1.򵥹пλְݶڹ̶ţ
2.ۺڹ̶װȡͨ
ļܶʵѾˣֻһЩϸڵĴѣûҪظѡ
ܳɿʼһֵģ⡣

Ըӹ۵ѧϰԾɻʧȥϼҽʦʶδõԺʸ񡣡
ΪǲԱ˵λ﹤
⣿
ܳ˶ˡ
ôǿĿܱԼ桯
ѵԼͳ˧˵㣬ûеҽ츳
š
ڶ꣬ľҵҵֻϼҽʦ㴦ӹ۵Ļᣬδס
УоԼӦԸӹġ
㿪ʼΪһܴ
ĲǱѧϰĦ˶̨ʮ꣬˸ӹпλڹ̶ţ
ʮ꣬ͬѾ˸ҽʦ߸ڣȻֻǸΣǵ¼ҽʦ
ʮ꣬Ϊ˿ϵҽʦͨϰѹۿŸλְݶڹ̶۱պϸλڶڹ̶ͨͬͲм򵥵Ĺ
ҲֵģͻȻоû˼ƣߣѧϰĶȱʧˣûκְҵɾ͸С
ʮ꣬ѻա
ģ
ѡһ
ܣпλְݶڹ̶
ܣпλڶڹ̶
䣺ξ飨ƽƽ棩
ȴȴʱ䣺30min
ܳеۣ
Ǿܵķ֮󣬻Ǿѡпλڶڹ̶һܡ
ڵĹ۲ˣ׼Ʒʽڶڹ̶Ϊڶڹ̶ĿӱȽСԴСҹ̶οȶ
ǹƷʽĽ׼
Ȼܳɾ;һģˣҪ
ϻȥҽԺϰء
ϣߵ
ܳɷǳᡮÿ϶ҪĺΣ
ˢϴ͡
ߵʮ壬׼ʱ
ܳɵʱ򣬷ҽ칫Ѿ˲ˡ
ǺһҪܴĹҽ
һ飬Ķҽʦ
ܳĴǲ̶ҽʦ̶滹һΣơһճСڹܣһЩ򵥵Ҳ
̶ҽʦֻżŲ鷿ϸӵ
ϼҽʦ֮⣬ܳ黹ܳһĹ
ϾȨ
ÿ˹Ŵ
ֻжϾҽ칫ңȨûӰ
ܳɸ磬簡Ϊһ飬Ͼͺܳɴк
ܳɱȶϾһ죬ǹ꣬Ͼоĵڶ꣬Ҳǲ̶ҽʦѧ
ܳɱȶϾһ꣬԰ѶϾе΢СһЩҲ簡Ͼ
Ժһˣ㿴ûյĲˡϾ˵
Ȼʣܳɸ緹û׼ۣҪһ𲻣
Ͼ˶ʿоѧôŬǶǸԺ
ϾҽԺҲû˵һҪӽҵĹһѡ
ǹġ
ܳɵҳԹˣлл
Ͼֵɣ׷һҲ˵Ѫ¡
ҽԺǶǶʮСʱֵƣܳɽûԺˣҶϾֵĻҪ
ܳɴ粻ˣڼ￴顣
ҼȻŬԼҲúúÿ顣
Уû⡣ϾһЦҲɡ
˶ʿоġ
ҵ֤һ
ҪɹĽҵԣҪæоıҵѾо꼶ϾҪҵĿˣҳ˱ҵĵĿ⣬ҪдһƪCSCD£˶ʿоҵҪ
οǸԺõĻϾд²CSCDsci
Ļϣ
Ͼһѧ˶ʿоҵʦ֣˶ʿҵҪǷһƪsciֻǵٴԵȵĻ
治
Ժ϶кܶҪܳɰæĵط
ܳҲûʲô¡
Ͼš


 ھС
ܳԼϤһ²˺󣬾͵罻ʱ
ֵҽֵ໤ʿյԺ˴֮󣬽Ȩƽ
νϺʮµ꣬еȣƫݣƤҲеڣƢ΢е𱬣ڿ㡣
Ϻǿһ°ȫΪȫΪζҪ
⣬ҪӼǿǿҵĹоĴ̹
ҽԺڷǳÿҵĽѧ
ԺԺǹǿǿƵĹͬ־ǣǿҪͰǰʦʦǶûеĻᰡ
Ϻ⻰Ծ͹˲ˣܳע⵽ԼϵȨͶϾԵøһЩ
ڽƾʹܳɺͶϾȥ鷿ˣ̶ҽʦ˵׼ʱ罻඼ûμӡ
飬ӴܹʮŴλƽ֣ÿʮŴ
ڲ̶Ĵλ2536912
ܴҽֻˣÿƽ嵽Ŵλ
ܳɺȨˣһŴ
Ͼһ˹ŴһţΪϾǿоҪѧϰᡣ
ܵĴಢѧϰһ࣬ڿĲδܳڵϣܹʮ
鷿ճĲ鷿ƵĴ£ϸعһеʮ˺
Ȼֿ˿ֵ˵ǲֵϾֵˣ
ΪϾֵĻΪϾϼҽʦҪֵ߰ࡣʱ䲢̶
ܹʮˣÿÿװࡣ
ôҲҪֵŴζѯ࣬ҪǴﲡˡ
ǵģʦϾͷ
Ȼ˵û£ʦҿʱ绰ٹü
ϾƷģڿѳĳﲡҲö鷳Ƶġ
ȻôҲ̽Ƹڶ֣ôĲ͸࣬ԽѧϰͲζԺõԺĻԽ
Ȩüﰵ
ϾĻboyھͿʼƴھ
ȻưʦôƺͲ̶϶ӷĶ֣ԼܳɵĻûȻƣһжҪԼȥȡ
룬˵ͷ˵ãҲԶ⣬ʱҴ绰
ƱϾǸŲ̶ΣҲҪǵϾǲ̶ѧһݣԼҲҽʦʸֵ֤ಢûʲôë
ΪƽȨܳɵֵܳɣȨǰ˵ǰ׼ҲҪԶ˰
мĻпҪ̨ġ
õģʦûˣʱʱ䡣Ȩ֣̾Ը¡
Ȩܳɾ΢һҲƵ˵ͷ
õģʦ
пĲˣɲֹһ

ܳǡþһǰĲˣҪǼ򵥵Զ˹ۣ˺е죬ĿǰСѾףˣܳҪǽгǰ̸ǩЩ
Ȼ˳طգ֪˺ͻߣ֪ͬ⡣
ܹ֮ӦĲ

̸ǩ֣ģ壬ҹصķգܳɶܹˣܳɵʮһǰͰ̸ǩָˣȻ֪˻߼ӦעΪϾֵ࣬԰׷˵ĳѪ
ͻȥᡣ
磬Ͼر˵ĳѪãܳɱġ
Ȼĵؿʼģģ⡣
ܳΪڴԼǴ֣ܿܲڻúܲ˰ɣ
ʼʼ
ǷȷЯܣпλڶڹ̶򵥹пλְݶڹ̶ţʼģ⣿
ǣ
˺ܶ۲ˡ
֪׵سڲϿЦ躹ޡ
Ľѧ֪ʶ˹ۻʮʵܿõϼʶ
㿪ʼϼҽʦйпλְݶڹ̶ЭУּΪ㣬ϼҽʦĿ࿴
һ£ϼҽʦԵԸᡣ
һ¾Ϳʼ̨ˣӦòܲ

ˮƽڿΣ㿪ʼ۱պϸλڶڹ̶ϼҽʦǳ츳ҽԺټ㡣
ϼҽʦǿ֮ţ㿪ʼָӹпλְݶڹ̶ѧϰ
£ٴȡϼҽʦΣ㿪ʼ˸ӹпλְݶڹ̶
ΪӵΪļܣǳԲ˵һ̨ӹ۵ɵñϼҽʦҪƯϼҽʦ㼫Ϊӡ
ɹõԺƸĻᡣ
ϼҽʦʼ۷չҵԹ۵˽ǳϼҽʦȻϹϣ㲻Ҫ
һڻ֫ѾĽڿȽŸڹ۷棬չȻʮֻϼҽʦǿ㣬Ǿǲȥޡ
⣬ܳɲ΢΢һ죬ʼȥѧϰô
ܳЦ


 
ܳһ飬ģǸ뷨͵ǰģġ
˰ԼǿԼϵ츳ޡ
֮ǰģļΣǻ˺ܳʱ䣬пλڹ̶͹۱պϡпλڶڹ̶ġ
һһӾֻһ͡
߶ȣ֤ԼĺܲûĻģյ㣬пܾԼȥóȻԺ
ģ
ܳɸп¿
˽޵λɳҽԺĹǿƣ˿֮㷢֣ˮƽˮƽ
޵λĴ̽ڣڿڼƽʱʮֲ⡣
ûѧϰĻᣬֻƾڷȥӲ
ڼ䣬һصԭλȻ޷ɹ۵
ϼҽʦʼģܲԸٸһ
㿪ʼиҵʼԼҵమá
ʮ꣬ҽƶȸĸڽ˸ҽʦ
һȥ˻ǿϣżȻıͬѧԷѾħԺ˿ѧĽڣϥ̸ǳ
˷УԷڹпλְݶڹ̶ڶڹ̶ϣһӵͻƣЩڣô׵طȥһѧϰ۵ʽ
ʮһ꣬ݣܾԺƸȥϼҶˡ
޼գʮꡣ
ģ
ۺ֣ͨ
ѡһ
ܣпλְݶڹ̶ͨ
ܣпλڶڹ̶ͨ
飺۰;ѧϰ顣һĲοֵ
һλǿϽڴϥ̸ݣԸ㲻ٵ

Ϊģ棬ɣ˷˸ְƵ˸ҽʦԼҲȥ˻ǿᣬҲԼǸѾħԺڵͬѧ
ֻǣϥ̸ݣģǸܳɶԲõİɣ
ôѡ
ܳԥһоԼƺе̫ڽˡ
ôѡԼģԽжεԴѡƵٵľˡ
ûѡ´ѡǿɾͲһˡ
ˣܳѡ
Ȼ󸱱ȴҪ賿¿ˡ
ѡ֮ܳɱΪԼǶηڼʮĶԻܳˡ
Ǹͱģ˶ѡ
˿ˣ
ˡ
̺ܳҪ֪Ļѡͨļܶð
ܵȵȼšͨͨ
ͨǵǰ֪ܳȼߵļˣ֮ǰĹڹ̶Լϼҽʦ⣬ͨʽ϶Ǹϡеġ
ȴֻһ
ȻЩֵá
֮ǰ룬һͨôԴɱܳɻԲں
òףڰ賿һµģ⸱
ܳɷǳ˷ܵԴ

ȷʼЯļܡϻ
עΪһƷʹ֮ʧѡ񡣡
MLGB
˿ˣǿˣ
ܳɺڡ
ǷȷЯܣпλڶڹ̶򵥹пλְݶڹ̶ţʼģ⣿
ǣ
ܳһ£һֵģ⿪ʼˡ
һͨĹҽڵ̫⡣
ĹΪԺɱţ㲢ûȥȻ֪ȥľӵоԵơ
ԶǵãֹһλϽڣ̸ݡ
Ȼҽ˵ŵǼٵģϸЩʵԣ˸ı䡣
ʼòһˡ
ܳ˾ĳ֣ô̶ȵظıԭ켣ô
㲻˼˺ѵķԣȻȻѡڹ󣬿о㿪ʼŬѧϰ
˸ºҵһ꣬ʮꡣͬѾʼȥҹˣȻڼֿ飬Ϊʮ·׼
һɹͨоĳԼԣϴѧ¼ȡΪѧ˶ʿоȻһͷʵʵֵΪɫ
оڶ꣬˹ѳѧĻᣬѡ˳
꣬عоҵ֮󣬾ٴδҴҳȥ׹˲ʿѧλһ꣬ʮһꡣ
üһﰡɶ
ô
ôôţƣһӾͰҴһѧϰսĴѧԣ
ѧʿ
ʮһ꣬˲ʿ磬ȡ˹ҽѧԺʿѧλȻعμӹѣʦͬѧȰν̡
عľȻȻ
ع㸸ĸѾǳϣɼң
ɵɳеһҽԺ㱻˲ķʽҽԺҽԺɳСʡ㹲һʮİҷá㵱˷һҵһĹ˻顭
һʮİҷѣܳɵʱ۾ֱˡ
ѧҹԼҹĲô
ˡ


 зգ
ܳĽ˶ʿоͲʿоҵ֮ҹռܴơ
ԼأƱҵоԾGGˣڶٱҲûܹߣܳɾûȥˣΪ඼˰룬;˳ȥУ̫˷ʱ䡣
Ҳδؾܿϡ
Լ̫˰ɡ
ܳеź˼һȻģݡ
ĸĸܸˣڹô꣬ȻѧҵǸǮȻĹͼ
ǽɳУǰ꣬ĸĸֻȫ죬ҩ󣬾ѡ˻ϼңǲϰʽ
ڹ˳˳ˮʮ꣬ǰо˷ܸߵģټ뵽˹Ȼѧ㱻ƸΪ˸ڡ
ͬ꣬Ϊһ̥ҲΪְƿٽˡ
ʮһ꣬㱻ƸΪ˽ڡ鷳˾ٱ㳭Ϯʵһ֪ڴŶоײˡ
⣿
ҲУѵǸͬѧ
ڿʽԣ

зǳḻǰо;飬ȶԷоŶӸؽ뵽ˣԷĿʧܣһܵӦĳͷ
ΪڿϸɵħĽŶӣĵλ룬ҽԺʼֹиλɳڵϴѧҽԺΪ֦˼ԭλչ
ûá
ӦòͬѧԷʱӦû֪ĽڣдŶӡ
ʮ꣬Ŀҵ˳˳ˮĵ۷壬ǱѾľ֪ĿоѾ˾㿪ʼµķͬʱ㿪ʼ˾Ļ󣬰ʵҺŶӽѧǡ
ʮ꣬Ϊ츳ޣԼԭĿȻδܳ¯˾ĻȻʼõѧΪṩµо򣬲ġ졯£뵽ԴԴϵĿ⡣
ʮ꣬һȥħԽߵݣľͽѵһΣͬѧͬѧĴм
Щ£Ǳͬѧ꣬롣
ǴγԷĹУͬѧȵľе࣬˿ˮ㵱ܵħŶӣҲħһǳ֪Ľڡ
Щ޴룬Ρ
ͬѧο㣬˵ܳɣҲûħֹ˶ʿоʼо˷ϵصֻ⣬㲻Ρ
֮ǰ˵ֻһεģѧϵĽŶûÿ죬˶ѡκˣ˶㣬ĻͲҪʦͽ¡
ħ֮󣬿ʼóĬԡΪֻˡ
ȥ
Ҳ̫Ǹ˰ɡ
飬е㲻̫
ǣ£˭˭ȵãйҡ
ɡ
ʮ꣬ȥħݷͬѧͬʱ㻹Ȼİ׷ԲԵҽ
ĵʾҵĻӭȻ֮궼˰룬Ȼǳ񡣲һ˵Ƿǳ˼ˣȻ֮Ƶû취ٸУٴϵȴõ˲Ƶ
㽻˺ܶ࣬ӿеٴͬѧҲ˺ܶࡣȻʱŷ֣Լһĵ֮⣬һǴ
ûϹٴרҵȻʮʱӡ
ٴλȥ㿪ʼѻĽᡣ
ݵǰһ꣬Ϊĸĸ˺Ҳ御
꣺ʮꡣ
ڽˣܳɼǿţоеۺΡ
Ҳе̫ǸɶˣΪԼǰ˱˽һӵоɹѶԷԷʦſˣ£治ĺ¡
ģ
ۺ֣޷֡
ܳɣ
޷ʲô
ģУģⷽ򳬳˸ģķչ޷յۡ
ģУûл¼ܣûлµĿУȫδУʲôµĶˣûпɱ
ģⷢչΪӰ죬Ǹ־ı䡣
⽱ʣ2
ʣ΢20٣Լĳʶ
̶޷ѡ񡣡
ܳɿ꣬ʱͫһ
走ǸŵĻôҾ׬ˣôԼʣ
ۻˣܰѹпλͨ
ʣ
ٷ֮ʮҲûð
ţзգʹš
ģ⸱ˣԼûźô
ʵõȻʱûдãԺģ⣬϶вСİİɡ
ǸֵӦöõġ
ܳɺܿ϶


ڰ ʴĺô
ʵܳԼҲȷǷˣҲֻˡ
ʵ൱ģŻõģҲֵֵ֪á
ͳƶԵһ£һģ=
ڶģᣫ=ʵ
ϴεģʱܳɾܹΪͨĹпλְݶڹ̶ģдΪôһεģ˵ܸһﵽ
Ȼ֮ǰѾĵģʧ޷¼ƽϡ
ģڣܳ㹻εԴᡭ
֮ģȴʱֵˡ
ܳٴڴʵõʲôһı仯أ
ȷʼЯļܡϡ
ѡûˡ
ܳȷ˼ܡ
ǷȷЯܣпλڶڹ̶򵥹пλְݶڹ̶ţʼģ⣿
ȷ
˺ܶ۲˲ҷǳ躹ޣ֪ĻҪʵʱ
ӵмΪʵĽѧ֪ʶ˹ۻܿͱϼҽʦĲ֮ͬұʶ
ϼҽʦйпλְݶڹ̶ּΪ㣬ϼҽʦĿ࿴ûѡˡ
ºȡ˵һμ򵥹۵ᡣ
ϴλҪǰ¡

ˮƽϼҽʦеΪޡ㿪ʼָӹпλְݶڹ̶ѧϰ
ܿԲ˵һ̨ӹ۵ɵˮƽϼҽʦоޣ磬ʮˮƽ
ˮɵõԺƸĻᡣ
ţˮɣǳɹ
ϼҽʦ㹲ͬʼ۷УȻԴ˽ⲻ㣬ϼҽʦδʾһĶĹ
ϼҽʦѾڼ򵥹һĽѧϰȣϼҽʦҪ졣
ϼҽʦʶˣҽԺƽ̨ģǾǲȥޡ
˽޵λɳҽԺĹǿƣ˿֮󣬿ĽȻһ㣬ڿķΧ
޶ۣǿ࣬Ҫ֮ǰһЩ
˿ģỻǾԲġ
ʿɾ͵ޣ
Ϊ㹻ڷܣ
ܿ죬Ľ޾͵ޣϼҽʦΪʶƼȥħԺޣܸˣԭĵλͬ޵롭
֮ٴεõħԺڵ㲻ýڹڵĴˮƽƼ㵽׹¡
º޹ûȥҽԺ֦ԭλ
֮ڵҽԺƵˮƽѾﵽɳеһˮ׼һЩ͵ҽԺΪ㹻ѧ㹻ڷܣˮƽ㹻ߣʶ
ϴѧ֦ϣܹϴѧҽԺĴƾְԭλЭ̣Э飬㱻׼ִҵΪԭλ󱸵˲š
ʮ꣬ɹȡְʿѧλͬ˽ְƣΪרҵоʦ
ʮ꣬ɹΪ˲ʿʦĵһоȥԭĵλԭλĺ֮㣬Ѿɶһ棬ڿԾĿʼֲֶָ֫о
ʮ꣬Ķֲָ֫ʡҵڶɧɹƼΪʡҽѧǿƷֻᣬѧ鼰΢ĸ鳤
ͬ꣬ѧϰ졢תλ
ʮһ꣬ݣ˷ƸȻûйϵͳѧϰ졢תλ
ʮ꣬޼ա
޶ѧΪΪʢ׷ᣬĵλ쵼ҵĺܶ˶׷㣬ȥҵһʧ
ģ
ۺ֣㡣
ѡһ
ںϼܣпλڹ̶֫ۼۡڹ̶޹̶ƣ
ܣ졢񾭡ѪǺƣģеļȽͨ𡣣
ܣ졢תλͨƣģеļȽ𡣣
ûѡ֮ǰʣܵ컨Ǿͨ
֮󣬾ȻѼܸɵ
ǲࡣ
֮ǰεʧܣ׬⡣
ˡ
ֻǡ
ģ֮ܳɶʱеΪ
ѡһ
ܣҪѡһеѡ
ңƺΪģĸֻǹصģ۲صļܵȼᱻ
רڴؼܵģҲܺ⡣
Ҳֱѡöð
˼ܳѡ˹пλڹ̶
ϣܱͬʱܳɵ˷ǳĶ
Ĺпλڹ̶֮ǰģֱͬնļܣֻСơ
ңģִʾ
ںϼܣпλڹ̶֫ۼۡڹ̶޹̶ƣܿɽܲʧǷ
Ȼļܣ϶ܽٶİɣ


ھ ֮max
пλڹ̶֫ۼۡڹ̶޹̶ƣɹ
¼ܡ
1.֫ǡֲʾ飨֫ѧĿǰѴߵȼ
2.֫ǡ·ѡĿǰѴߵȼ
3.֫ǡַλ˲λͨߵȼΪ
4.濪Թпλ̶ĿǰѴߵȼ
5.ƤƤ֯ͨߵȼΪ
6.֫Ƭ飨ͨXߡCTŹBߵȼΪ
7.ǰƾ飨ߵȼ
8.ǰ󲢷֢Ԥ飨ͨߵȼΪ
9.󿵸ָ飨ߵȼΪ
ܿΪ´ģʼʹá
һְڹпλڹ̶ԣ˳
ˣ
ܳɵĵһӦ
Ȼ΢˼һ£Ҳǳѧ
пλڹ̶ߵȼôͲܲѡ·ܲƬǰҩ֢Ԥȵȣøϡ
֪ʶ룬ܳɸоԼԹӦļһ־С
ԣ
ͺһֶܹĸоԷǳõذӦĳߴͻ򡭡
˿ʱ䣬Ѿ賿0015
ȴȻаСʱ
ˣ˯˯
ӣȥһԺӦⲻ˰ɣ
ܳôţܿͽ뵽硣
ܳΪҽ͵ıرܣº󣬱ʮ˯ţĻֵĵһû˯γ˯Ϳ˯ļܡ
ĵڶ꣬ܳõִҵҽʦʸ֤󣬱㿪ʼֵģѾһˣ˶Ȼ
գ
ܳǺ𴲣Ȼͽ͡
ҵʱ򣬲ߵʮ֡
ܳɾͷ֣Լʱ򣬳ֵĶϾ֮⣬ܴҽҲˣܳɶ硣
ܳɡ
һ˸ˡ
ܳʱ˶Ƿ׷ɨܳһۡȻĬ͸˼ǣҲǰܳɵ˾֡
ԺĻѵãԴҶƴľ
簡ܳɸ硣ΪֵҽĶϾ˿칫ſڵĵϣһдŲһЩεش˰칫Ρ
ϾĴδôֵݡ
һ߸ֵࡣ
˭ȥ
ҲƵضܳЦЦΪһ࣬һԹϵ˵Ϻã໥Ȼʶ
ܳɶҲЦЦȻһתȥҽϢңֱɴȥˡ
ƨĲŶ
һ̨ԣ칫ߵʮ־߸ڵȵԡ
ǵ

ܳɵǰŸյҽϢҡ
ϾҲˣƿţܳɣ˵ܳɸ磬Ҫõôø˳ȻӦúܿܿճ
ܳɵɫһ
ﰵ롣
һŸܴҽ
ŲϺĹܴҽ
ɳ˷Ϻоרҵо꼶ҪʦĹϵɳ˶ȶϾԺĻҪһЩ
Ҳܵô㣬ɳ˶ģԹ֣ǸεƵĸΡ
Ϻֻɳ˶ʦֵ壬˭һЩʮԡ
ܴҽӶھֵУѧͲʿģбƣʽְ
ԺľһëǮϵûС
ԽϣӶһû
ϺĹܴҽһѧоҵء
ǰصݸ˿һҽʦΡ
ܻҪӡ
źεĹܴҽѧоҵġsci£ҲС
ô˵ɳ˶ͶϾ󶼷sciĻеʦһϵδܰѧ˶ʿɵ
ܳɣȨźεĹڣǵԹܾ࣬ڴվһࡣ
ˣһǵȲ귿ȥŪҽЩɡ
Ҳ̫ˡܳɸп
ܶϾҲûܳɵǱڵľ֣˵ǰͬѧɳ˶Ѿʦȡڹ̶ȨޡĿǰΪֹѾ̨ڹ̶ȡˡ
ȡڹ̶̨κֲࡣ
϶Ϊѧ׼ġ
ǱҲһģѧ͵˶ʿ˷ƪsci֮⣬ػдһƪmeta˵Ϻε֣ʱһ
Σڶλϴš
š˵⣬Ͼʼ̾ҡҡͷ
ܳɣ
ðɣ
ֳַĹϵȻʹ˴sciջȡᡣ
֮max


ʮ ֢ܺ
ܳɾöϾڸʾ⣬ǿ̶ܲλϣܳɲҪ̫뷨
ܳҲûƣ˳ŶϾغɳ˶˵ٴҲȽʵɡ
Ļٸᣬ˵Ҳǳ⣬ϼҽʦҲҪεġ
Ͼ˵ͷʮֽţͼҪӡ
ֵܳɸ磬緹ûһ۰
ɳ˶һۣжصĸ顣Ǳ׷ۣԭӵեˣһ˳ĸо
ܳҡͷ˵ҳԹ˲ŹģϾԼ԰ɣ΢һ
˼ȻôңֲǶϾֵˣ϶׷ŹĵԣȥɵŸѹԼһʵڡ
Ͼܳ˵ѾԹˣеʧ
Ͼһ£̹׵ܳɸ磬Ҽǵһ̨ɣԶ˹۵ģ
ǵʱһ̨ɣ
ϾʵЩֱӡ
Ȼ̶δ£ΪҽʦϼϾܳɺȨ˶ƽ¼ǰĹؾǣԼԼԵһڵֵ̨ҲǶݡ
ܳϾ˶Ͼ˼ܶϾ˽ﶼ˵ˡ
Ͼܹܳ˵ͨһԶ˹ۣպϸλ̶
϶ͬˣԲжϾԼ˵ĻôܳȥһĻᣬǲڵġ
һͶҲûô󣬹ƶϾҪ
ܳЩɬҲǱȽص˵ͷ˵԰ҵģһϻæء
ȻϾѾͨƺͲ̶ôܳҲûҪԼмˡ
Ҫȡ֣ҲôӲȥȡġ
ͼ֮
Ͼŵܳɸ磬ûҵ˼ֻ̨̨
ܳĿɬȻȻҲǵ˵ͷ
ֲɵܲ
Ͼɫϲ˵Էܳɸ硣

ȵ࣬귿ܳɲףϾΪ˸ԼȡĻᣬ˶׼
Ϊ̶ΣûȥϢҪȥ
ǰ̶ѽû˵Ȩ֧ˡȨȥһϡ
һ̨һ̨ǶϾģֹǹпλְݶڹ̶һ̨Сľܳɵǹ۱պϸλ̶
Ȼ˵ȨԵĹ࣬ûԼˣǽѧϰĻҪаɣ
ϾͶ
Ҳ̶ܲϵҲֵϾͷϰɣôȨͷأ
ܳҲֻܿƲ˵ƣĬĬظ˽ҡ
ĵһ̨ǶϾĲˣֹƽ̨Թ۲λԺ죬ѾףĿǰʺ
ַ۵ڿĳҲƽʱģ̶ŹǡɹǡָӵģòµĹȽ϶ࡣ
ң̶ΪϼҽʦȻȥϢƽˡ
жϾܳ¼ҽ̨֮̽ǵȨ
ңܳѾ꣬ϾҲо꼶ڶ꣬Ѿǳǰ׼ˣҲģ
ϾҺ󣬷ǳصܳɸ磬̧ȣȥϴɡ
ˡ
ǿƵǰѧ΢е㲻һƿֻҪ˱̶ֹƣҽ鼴ɡ
ǿƵҪһְѻߵĻ̧֫һҽ֫ʮǵܹﵽϸ޾
ԹǿҽǴʿʵǴ￪ʼġ
һͨ˵͵ãһ˶ٰʮٶصĴȣҪСһǳ־Ե
ܳҲû˵ɶɵȻãҲ鶼עġ
ܻԼĻġ
ܳӵĹܣ̽һ飬Ȼޱȵġ
ңڽҵʱܳʶؾɨһۻߵƬӣϾͶļƻ˱Ƚܵİš
̽һϵжһǳɡ
ǰ󲻵ķӵʱ䣬ܳɾͺϴֻʿ̽ĲöϾȥ֮࣡
ȻϾȥԼĵʦ̶ƴ绰ܳǴ޾ʣµ̴ͰȵĶ
պðȰ꣬ʱƺͲ̶ʹϴ˽
Ȼʶ̨һɨ̶üͷ
Ҳ˲Ծĵط̿ڳܳɣڸʲôȣʲôҪֹƽ̨۵пλʲô
ܳԣ󣬻صʦֹƽ̨LL·ӵİ
ʲôLL·
Ƶǳ飺Ͻڲ౩¶Ĥ
ܳϻȻ
ﰵ군TMһ飬Ǿֹƽ̨schatzker V͹ѡ·LL·ʶ˻٣̶ܲûǱȽϰߵĻǰڲǰ·
ܳܣȫûӦⲻǲ̶еϰߣղ̶
·ҲһԽġ
ܳɾ͸ϽϴõģʦʦԲϸġ


ʮһ ϾĻ
ҽѧǶϷһżΪϽĿѧ
۵ƣҪϵͳ֪ʶ֧ŵġ
Ҫӹ۵ԭʼ۵ƣԭ
λϸ̶
һ㽲ľǸλĿҲΪ˹̶͸λġ
ֻǡ
֮ǷҪһġ
κһϸӦ֢
Խ֢ĲˣѡǷơоԽ֢Ļô϶ǲġ
ֻӦĻߣҪƣΪһЩۣǿַͨλ֮ʯ̶Ƶġ
Ҳܹﵽλ̶Ŀġ
˵Ӧͽֻ֢ȷǷǷҪĻ
ôʽѡ棬Ҳݹ۵ķѡȽʺϵʽ
ֹƽֹ̨ۣƽ̨ķͶSchatzkerͣVI͡
еֹƽ̨ۣҪƣһԭ򲻻䣬״ʮֲãܲ²̨յĲ⣬еֹƽ̨۶Ҫơ
һ㣬ǰϸȷ
ȷ͵ȷǸݷȷ
Schatzkerͺĵڢͣ漰ڡƽ̨ѵ˫ۣѺϲѪˣռֹƽ̨۵12.0
ôV͹۵ʽѵĹ۴Ҫпλڹ̶ѹ۽ι̵Ĺ̶
֮󣬲˵ֻع鵽˹۵ԭ档
λ̶
ңȷʽΪڹ̶֮ѡ·α¶۵Ķ϶ȻٷϳҲǼΪнģͬ·Ӱ죬ݺӡ
ֹƽ̨۵Ĵͳ·Ȼ·ȴиõ·ʽȥѡ
ȻһУȻܳģҺͲֱ˵˵ףֻһסԺҽʦְƣ϶û취ȥֹƽ̨пλڹ̶IVġ
ܳĬĬذѱ¶Ĳλ޸ġ
̶ĬҲû˵ʲô
ܳʱ䲢̣ҽҲѾǹĵ꣬ʵһǳоΪ׵¼ҽȻΪһεĴ󣬾ͳԿ
΢һ¾͹ˡ
ͬܳ޸ı¶ռĻжϾɫȻûʲôĻе㰵Цġ
Ͼӽܳͬô׼֪ܳɿ϶ҲľǸԺġ
ϾܳҪԺһЦ顣
ԺΪ󣬴ҶҪ֮顣
ֻ˵ܳεľУʵǲռʲôƣ˿ԼС
ֻܳǸͨԹ࣬ȲϾɳ˶ڿеʦΪǿܡȥҽԺǸεıˡ
ѧܳɸӲռƣĸоѧͣsci֡
һ׼ڶƪϾԼҪǾҪsciУܳ뷢£̫С
Ȼ᣿
ǸӲ˵ˣԹûеʦΪǿĺܣ˭ֲܳˣܳҪͱҪȡϼҽΡ
仰˵ҪֵԼЩע
ԣܳɵıֵ̫żˣװԼţXװţϣȻţˡ
Ȼܲҡ
ϾЦܳɣΪܳɵȷףûʲôЦģԼҲǰٷְӵžơ
֪ܳ˶Ͼ˿̵뷨϶ʮԩϾԲҲ̫ǿˡ

ܳҰ׼ʼ̶λ
ʶؾҪվ̶Ķ棬Ϊһ
ɲ̶ȴ˵ƣϾλãֱߡ
һ㶣ŵͷõģΡ
ȻܳɱԱתƹ̨˲̶λȥ
еλãҲ൱нģվڻֱ֫Ӳࡣ
ҰãеֶҪΪ
ĶһֵλãԸӵеڶõҰ
Ȼֲ࣬ǶֵλãҰԲ㣬ҲҪվڶֶĴҪ֣ǵ֣ȫĹˡ
ҲܳڵλãҰֻҪָ͹ˡ
λõͰͰؿʼˡ
̶ԲпƤõ絶пƤ֯ܿؾͱ¶ֹƽ̨Ĺ۵Ķ϶ˡ
ǣ¶Ķ϶˺󣬲̶ü
ȻεĹۣô򵥵Ĺۣ۵ĸλҲһѶȡ
ԭ򣬸λ̶
ɵľǸλ͹̶Ĳ
ԭͽˣҪȸλ
۵λǳԣұڹɹǴļЩελ
ǰ̶ϴֻʿҲеʿ


ʮ ˵õĹ̶أ
ۣϰǹͷĶˡҽѧϣԼĶ壡

ǵԺжϡ
ˣԱȽϴ󵨵ȥֻۣҪǹǵԺжˣ϶Ϊۡ
ⲻͬǹ˼ģǳɴϽطֿ
۵Ķ϶֮䣬ǲģһдĲѪĹмЩмĻڹ۵Ķ϶֮γɿѹ֯
޷ﵽ˿ϷĽʸλеЬմ͵Ļ·϶һְ͹ƽ֮С
϶ǲеġ
ҪЩмҪĹߣǰҲй˼壬԰ѹֿͿмм
ǰճЬ׵͸»ָ·С
ңǰܹмܸ˲۵ĸλ
ֻǣеʿѹǰǫ̃ϺȻǰѹ۵мһЩڸλĹУȴ鷳
Ⱦֹڲֹ㣬ǽڵİ켡ͰĤֹĤɵڲ༡Ⱥǣֹڲƽ̨Ķ϶ˣ
֫ļǲСģǣúܽ
һʹñĻǷĹ飬ʹʱ򣬿ܾˣǻƨ
˵۵ĸλĹؼĻôôȥ㶨ּǣʵĹλǹ۸λĹؼ㡣
ʱҪķʽȥԿǣ
̶˲һ󣬵ǣĹƬȻ̫
̧ͷ˵ƣһǰѹһ£
̶ѹסƬĶ϶ˣԷãʹƬڼǣ֮λ
üΣۿ鲻󣬷ѹпܻư
ȻǾܾ˲̶ƻ˵˳̨ڲ̶һˣг⣬ӹŶӣ
ţ̶һ˼ڡ
Ҫȴ̶ͺˣͷˡ̶š
еһʱ̶ֹӦõʱ̶
Ҳ֮ܳڵõĹпλڹ̶ͬػ˹۸λڹ̶ܵԭ
һ壬εļܡ
Ѳأҿһԡ̶ǾñһΪãĻ͹۵Ĺۿٴι֮ǹͱڴܶ࣡
̶Ѳػʿ
һ̨׵ҽԺΪþǣѲػʿ̨£𿪸µеĲġ
ϴֻʿҽе
ҽ
ȻҽŶӣһЩˣ䣬һ̨ȣ˾ְһ˵̨֮νӣ˳
õģΡѲػʿȻġ
һЩǿƣ϶ûе̶ָĵزҹʱ̶һֳ̬Ĳ
ڲ̶õ˿֮׼ʱȻϾܳɻλãȴµĿ롣
Ҫҹ̶һ¿Ľ㡣
Уʱ̶һҪ룬
ڲĹۣһǴϣ˳ֹƽ̨۵ķѹȶֹȥ
ڴĹУҪһ˰ѽû̶ܸһ¡
һĲᡣ
̶ǰԼѧϾ
ܳҲöϾԼĹȻӶϾ󱳿űƹϾϷȻǶϾ֮ǰܳɵλŲ
е޾Сϸڣܳɻǲġ
ÿһ̨Ҫϸ޾ԼԼ鷳
֮ܳǰϾվλú΢΢̾һڵ£΢Ц£ȻǾ̶һѡ
Ϊղ̶ӣǿյ״̬£ѿǿжӴֹȥʵ֮ǰưѹסûʲô
ʵõķʽȥҵһʵĵ㣬ֹֹڲڲ༡Ⱥж
൱ƤƤûбǣǾûǣˡ
֮ǰܳվλ·ڲ༡Ⱥǣֹֹڲ࣬λϷܳɾæҲڼȻλãȻҪһѵġ
ǣܳͬʱĬĬطŵ˻ߴڲһǳλãŰѹȥ΢һ
˲䣬ָܳѹĦͰѻ߱ǣļ˳ˡ
˳żôһۡ
һĻͳˣ˵úܸߵĹۼˣ˿̾Ȼǳ˳ذԼġβ͡˻ȥȵغֹǵĴ󲿶ӻˡ
̶ͫһûüȥΪʲô
ֻǳḶ̌û˼غҪƣȴһſ롣ǧҪ
ᣬݼš
˲̶ûöϾ¶ʲô㣬ֱǵľͰѿõ˽ȥ
ϾʱΣѪǯڿſţֱǼ˸į
ãȻʦ˵õҸ̶أ
һſǳõ˳µϵķѹȥͷֻ۾ͲԼͬܳڵķȥ


ʮ һֱвĸо
԰˿ҰȫʱܳŪġ
Ͼ֮ǰϾܳɵλվôãɶûУܳһȥʱˡ
һǰһγĶԱȣôܲ˰עܳɵأ
̶Ĭ۾գգ˼
ܳɸոжĶĻǹģ
ϸϽܳҲ̶ѧһꡣһ飬¼ҵҵعܴҲǳϦദҲһĸ飬ֻǸ費һ
ϾоڹŴǾͽܣܳһӡ
ܳɣ̶϶ʶϤģദ꣬ܳɲûʲôı֣Ҳûʲô©
ܳڲ̶ӡУʣһƽƽòƽֻɳеڰҽԺڶͨĹеһԱ
Ҫ˵ܳͱ˲һĻǾܳɼΪףûϼʲô鷳
û鷳Ǿǿˣ㻹ָʲôأһЩҪϼҽȥƨֲܳ£鷳Ĺǲ׵ġ
ֻǣڲ̶ӡУܳʵ̫ƽʺһ㣬Ҳûʲô۵ı֡Ļôദʱ䣬ôֲܷܳɵأ
ǣҲųһܾǣԼܳϵĹעʱ䣬ʵ̣ܶԴӶϾ˿ѧͰѴ󲿷ֵע˶Ͼϣܳɡ
ңܳɵĵһ꣬ҲǸңѧأŶʱԼҲûŶٹעȡ

ƴ˿̺ԼĺףΪ˼⣡
ܳɣܳɵĽӴദʱ䣬νˡ
ǴС룬ܳɵֱϵϼҲǹܹˡڶϾûǰܳΪէߣܳѧĹغһЩƽ̵ġ
仰˵ܳмܣһִġ
̹ܳ
Լᡣ
û̹ܳصÿ湻İǱһεǸԺըˡĻܳҲñԼ
ܳƽʱǳ͵ܿ̿࣬ʱɲдԺЩܳɸ£ͲƲˡܳɵֵ࣬һ򵥵ĹۣʯЩҲҪȥע
˰ҲȥעܳɵЩʲô򵥵ʱҲβãҪԼ֣ȻܳɺܶĻᡣ
ٺϾˣв̶ķԸȻѸĻϾ
һȨҲܳɻ£żԳԺȺȵģļȻܳɺȨпգƽеȨ
ͬʱҲԼһǳõɡ
ţܳɲŸֵ࣬ҪϢ
ôԼܳɵĹעȣ̫

Ͼһ˲е£·ֻصյʱܳѾԳֵˣǡѧͽܳѧϰܣֵܳӡ
ʱԼоҲǻ֪ʶʵ˵㣬ڶоѡ
ٴϵļܣǱƵܳԶ
ϾϤ󣬲ԼֵˣžãţԼоѧģԼҪʼдˣǺܳɵĲࡣ
ڿԼ̫˰

ܳ˫۾΢֯һԣ˵ʦҪǻȰһſҲ˰ɣһ
ŻѾġ
⻰̶ϷӦ˹
̷ԸѲػʿһװ˵֮ϣȻ׼λá
ԶϾ˵Ͼ㣬𷢴ҹ̶һ½㡣
ûܳжܷ𣿡
£̨ϵĵһԭ
ҽԺ˵Ĳ飬ǵһҪҸˣ
̶վλҪΪߵеֶЭģȥоܳôģ֮ˡ
Ϊ̶Ϊҽʦ濪ʱܶĽڶ˵ڴλĹаҪ˳ëۣȥ㡣ʱܿɰģҪؽǵκԣ
ֻô˳ë۵Ķȣ̶ԼûѧᣬԹΣͷˣе
Ľ̶֮ڲͱΪˡ
ԭ
λ̶
Ѿ˸λʱ̶ôֻҪᶨĹ̶ɡ
ѡֹڲ̶רõT͸ְ壬ǡ
˿ģ̶ڶϾһƶİ£Ѹְȥ£ҲڲĹλˣڲƽ̨ɣ
ࡣ
ܳɻҪĵλߣ
ɲ̶ܳסˣ˵ܳɣվλƣĻɡ
Ƶ˵ͷֻеɬ
ΰҿĵһΡѧĵһоҪ磬Ϊʹ󣬾Ҫô
Ͼվһλ˿ܳɣе㷢
һֵλвĸо


ʮ ˮƽиߵ
̶λû䣬ϾһλȻû䣬ܳԱӴҪֵλãᵽ˶
Ҳǲ̶ֲ࣬иõҰ
ʵҲνֹƽ̨ĹпλҲֻˮƽզ̨ǲ̶̨ĻҲֻǿʱҪþãȲϲ̶ѡ
ʵѾҸ˲̶ô̶꣬ϰҲ֪֪ס
Ƿȱǻ򣬲ȥ̶ôҪԼȥĥôԼǹؼ
࿴һ̨ٿһ̨˶١
Ҳ²һ¡
ܳɺͶϾ£عۿַǷǳҪġԸϾ̣Ҳǲ̶̨Ŀġ
ܳҲãϾҲãΣĶֻԺֲγʲô
ǽҽԺҲͬȻɾƵ̬ȻŵúܿŶϾܳ
ܳɴ˿̷ǳжûΪõ˵ڶλͷǳ˷ܣǿŶϾ΢е䱸񣬴Ρ
ǵģܳɵɫǴΣϾгŽ䱸ݼš
ܳɵȻˣΪʵ̨ʼʱܳɾ͸оԼͷβ̶һУܣܱȲ̶øá
ͺñ·ѡܳɾͲѡǰںǰ·ǻѡLL·
Ḷ́ܳҲ̶ͣͣٶ٣һ̨򵥵ֹƽ̨Vѡ
ܳɿϰ볡ڲпλڹ̶֪˲̶ˮƽž̶ȣͨ㲻ϡ㿴˲̶Ҳòʲô
öϾԼ˽䱸֮ģܳȻ޹Ρ
ϣܳɻǵллʦллʦ
̶վ˵ڶλõλãл
̶Ĭѡ˽ȥ̶ֻǾãܳȻֻǹҲôԼ¼ҽҲǡӡԺ˱ˣҲֵܱ̫֡
ԺȨҲһ
ԼΪϼҽʦʦ飬Ȩ֧ΪöϾ̨ȷʵе㲻ô
û취ϾԼѧԺᣬԼΪʦҲֻϾܹǱƻҪ׽Ĺϵ
桤ʦͽϵ
ֹƽ̨Ĺѣڲйǿļֹ㣬û̫ļǣ۵λڱȽķΧڡ
̶Ϊҽʦڱ¶˹۵Ķ϶˺ùǰԼӵѹͰѿĹ۸λ˱ȽϺõλãΪʩѹʱ̶ô
ֱӰĸְҲȥ
ʱ򣬾Ѿ˹ԭĸλ͹̶أɻûꡣ
̨ұҪ̺Ͻ˼·ġ
ȻҪصֹƽ̨͵ıˡ
ֹƽ̨ۣSchatzkerͺĵڢͣ漰ڡƽ̨ѵ˫ۣѺϲѪˣռֹƽ̨۵12.0
ϸϵķͣôдģʵѪܺǷѾˣ̽顣
˼񾭾񾭣ֹǵ࣬ԱҪ̽ĵطֹƽ̨࣬ͷ񾭼Ѫܡ
ǻ
Ĺڱ£̽鼡졢񾭡Ѫڻһ֡ǿԵĹۣҪ̽顣
ܳģ棬һΪûϵͳ̽ļѪδ֣۶϶˲ϣҳ˹ȱѪԻ
ֲԲ̶ԣǼ֮顣
ҽʦ̽鶼õĻҽʦҲ̫ˡ
޲ĽܳҲûڲƽ̨ɺ̫۵ı֣Ҳ̶ҲûпҪܳɾͱҪ۵ı֡
ڲ󣬻һ衣
ǾǷϡ
̶һ·׼̨һ˵ƣȲ̨ȻܳɺͶϾһ˷һߵ˿ڡ㿴ŵ㡣
ֹƽ̨ڹ̶ΪиְĽ룬ϻҪȽϽġ
˵̶꣬Ͱ·ǫ̈̄ϵֻýŲȿҵĸӦţˣӦȥҵϢһȥˡ
ǲ̶ΪҽʦϼҽȨ
ʣƾͿ˿ܳҲϾСֻ˵Ͼڲ࣬ܳɣࡣ
Ѳأ2010΢ǡ
΢һִߵ׳ơ
2010ǷߵֱҲͺšƤҪӼЩ10ķ߷Ƥ֯ƤҪ̺۸СһЩ20ϡ
Ϊ˸ְ壬Ƥϴ30µķߣϵ˿ڳơȻƤ·ϵúõĻҲѡݷϡ
ݷϵߣˡҲҽΧ
СаŮ⣬϶ȥʲ費ҪݷϣǲԼҪ
ܿ죬ѲػʿͰѷ߿̨
ƤĻһһ20ķ߿϶ˣƤµĻҪϹĤƤ²㣬һ߻
ܳɺͶϾһһӣһѳ͵ŷ
ϾܳɣǴЦ⣬۾ûߡ֮ԸЦΪп֣סˣ֮۾Ҳǲֵ̫ԡ
ҽǻеĻˮƽҲиߵ͡ȻܳɱԼɶһľ飬δطϵˮƽͱԼá


ʮ ֢
ϾǵһμܳɣҲǸʶܳɣܳɵķˮƽϾǼʶġ
Ͼʵʾܳɸ磬ȻʦǹҵĻᣬҲȡģȻٴһЩҵˮƽܱ㻹Ҫʵ
ʵʦԸһԭ
ǺҰο෢Լ˲һĹϵȡɵõʲôʱ򣬻һЩԼΪĿ͹ԭ򣬾õõԼռĳơ
򵥵ҾǿϵģʵҲϣʵǿʵġ
ʵҲȲңҿľͲǹϵ
ԲΪʦѧҲܹ׵õʸ
һ
ܳҲǲ²͸Ͼ뷨ȻܻЦúܿġ
ΪϾоĻǲ̶ѧƽʱͶ˺ܶᣬˮƽôܳҲõ
ܳų΢еΪѡ
ﰵ⣬ȻҪҪϵòһ㣬ôϾӡ
Ȼпһ£ﰵ˼Ͼҽҽ͵Ϊ˸ΡóԼõˮƽ
һһġ
ϴֻʿѷȸϾΪҲ֪Ͼǲ̶о˵ԺԺȸԼˣӦġ
һֺ˼ά
Ͼõ֮󣬾óһٶʮֵעȥúõضԴϣΪҪܳԼȻ︺
ܳǱȽصȴŵڶߵĵ
Ȼܳõ֮󣬻΢óȻһ£Ͼģõļܺܳһζûù
߼Ѫǯʱ׼ΪܳɺͶϾߺͷߣһȶü
֮ҪߣΪˮƽʱƤ֯Ƚϴ£һ֮ɶ߽߰ȵĻ߽ܰȡ
ȻϼõˣǿԲ÷ߣڵַ֮ͨԼɷߵȹ̲
ܿ죬ܳɶûʼϵʱ򣬶ϾѾ˵һᡣ
ưѪǯѹȥסϳݡ
ߵʱѪǯǲϳݵģΪҪڵڶǰɵѪǯϳ֮󣬻ᵢϵʱ䣬ҲһԭǱе֯ϳ֮ļбշǳܣ֯ϸеûˡ
߲ܳſʼ졣
Ǽ򵥵ļϷϣҲûʲôڵġ
ܳɵ֯ϼҲģϸ31ԭ󣬽ͳ붼ܿ죬Ȼᡣ
һ֮󣬰ѷ߷̶һ࣬ĲǵһߣҲܹγɱȽι̵ʱ̶Ͳ˸ߡ
һɺٿóеᡣ
ι̵Ľ֮
ȻܳɱֺӰ߽ߡ
ʱ򣬶ϾĵҲŴãܳɻҪ΢һ㡣
㶣ȸϾߣֻǳ˳ܳǱߣû㶮ܳȶϾõߣΪʲôһ롣
Ƥ·ҪĳȺ̣ܶ׼ɡ
ƸϾ֮󣬲ܳɼϡ
ȻڶϾϵһʱܳߵöˡ
ϾһĻ΢һ£ͷûȡ
Ѫǯĳרķϣ˸
ȻϾߵͬʱܳɵĵڶ߸
Ͼеæش˵ڶ
ֿǴᣬҪܱ֤һᣬȻᡣ
Ȼܳɵ˫ֻСҲϺˣٶȲ˲ֹһ㡣
Ƶڿֵڵ³鴤ֵǹǰɣⶼҼߡ
ȸܳɼߣΪܳԷϵÿһЩ
ܳɿ󣬾͵ʦҪԼһѼɣ
̧꣬ͷһ±Сͷܳɡ
㶣е㲻̫ʣԼù
ܳɵ˼ףһɷϺͼߵĲָͬʱס߼Ȼһ˦һٰʮȣһ
һűȽϸļҪٺͲ
Լᡣ
һ¡ܳҲûѻ˵
ΪܳеˣҲ֪ƲֻԼ˼ڶϾϾоܳɾֻ
ϾҲܳɵĻ˶ɵһһʱԼʲôˡ
ܳʲôʱôˣ
ʺžһء
ϴֻʿǼʶһͬʱϺͼߵĲǶȥ޵ʱڶҽԺһЩƺʹƵΣΪȱ֣Ƴļܡ
е棬ѵܳҲ᣿
Ҳ߼ܳɡ
ܳõ߼󣬰һָֻһС̶ָ߼м䣬ͬʱ̶ָ
꣬Сָָͬʱһৣ߼ͳͬʱתһٰʮȣ֮ǰ߼λãָСָͬʱס
꣡
ָСָһٴһٰʮȷͺӼһˣ˵
ܳˣӼǹżһġʵϣܳĿɿڴı鶼ûȤİֺ߼İתĹлײĦ
guang꣬guang𡭡
ܳԼԼģ˰ڣ˿Ϸˡ
ܳɷ˴룬˶ˣĬĬذ߼ˣ۾ЩãȻ˵ʦǲҵסǵĲռ䣬ǻ߰ɡ
ܳˣòƲᡣ


ʮ ̬
ҽѧȻżǲǿĿġ
ûûСģ̨
ͬʱﰵ˵ҽԺġը㡯ǶԵİҽԺųϢǴӹѡҽԺȻӭʿоǰְǲʿһ㲻
˶ʿоҲоҽԺΪס˲ţǰһը˵Ҫӹ棬ѡһԺ
ѡһЩϤԼˡ
Ϣųȥ󣬷ǳԵظıǣ󲿷ֵĹܴҽû޲ڿң֮ǰӣ㣬γĶԱȡ
ƻãܻٹоѧϰͳɳߣһЩ˵ĵӷŵøЩ
û뵽ǣըһ㡣
ͺñܳӵģĻÿ档ҪĲе̫Ѷˡ
ֻܳڼߺͷ֮ˣڲ˵ϲԵˣǼϵı֡
λ᲻תɣƻ治֪Ϊ˿󣬲̶Ͳϵˡ
ƶ̾ˣĺܳɱȷϵĶϾǵܵ˽άƵģܳɿ󣬾ĬĬصͷԼȥˡ
ɬҺܳɸ֮Ĳ࣬Ϊ󣬶Լ츳á
ֻܳʱ˲ãοоûߣȻĻ
Լ֮ܳĲ࣬ƱԼսҵʱ򣬻ҪһЩȻǰԼûõҽʦʸ֤ǰֵܳ࣬Ҳû˭ܳʲôᡣ
ܳɹ֮ǰһֱڳﱸоҲû˼ٴ϶ʱ䡣
þҽԺ͸ҪһϢŰܳɵļҵ׸ը
ԼȻ̨ᣬǿԼʦǲ̶ȡõġ
ǲеʤ֮䰡
ϾĿɬţһһ۵ذͰûкܳȥȷˮƽô˼ˡ
ƽ껰ܳɾͼԼĲˡ
ڶϾŷϵƤ²ʱܳѾһķϸˣƤԺƽ˿Ϸ죬ûκεĸߵͲƽ׼һ׼ڷߵ£γһѶѺÿġС
Ƥķϣ΢ⷭԺϣģҲܳɷɵˡ
ܳɷ꣬ûкͲ̶һؽ⿪·̨ĬĬؽӹ߼˵ʦ߰ɣȥϢһ¡
ֻܳǹƵ¼ҽϼ̨£ȻԼ顣
Ƶ˵ͷҲû˵ʲôףȻ⿪·Ĵ̨
ϾеǸ˵˼ܳɸ磬ҵˡ
˵⻰ʱ̬»ص˸սҵǻܳɺԼҪѧϰʵҲһֻܳɻ¶ʵ
ܳɫһ˵û£졣
ʵϸϽԼͻȻõģܳɾԼķϿܻȶϾһҲûĿǰôĲࡣ
ϱһϸĵĻҪ̫츳

˶󣬱ķ˿ڴһһƬף
ȹؽڵֻҪƤµĻѪȻڶεƬɡ֮Ϊ˱Ƥ»Ѫ˿ӳϡ
޾ϰʯ࣬ܳɺͶϾϵΪĬѸɡ
ڿ̨ȻѲػʿҽ˸Ѳȥ
̨ԤƵʱ䳤СʱΪ˱ⲡ˵ţӰ쵽ĽУҽѡȫ
ʵϣΪܳɵĽ룬ǰһСʱ
Ͳ˳ȥʱҽЦŵ֪ν̨ôĻҴˣ
˭֪أǰҲҪСʱߵġѲػʿҲƶ
ʵҽѲػʿУʲôҽʦôģǶֻԼһ飬˾ûԼֻ
еʿһʱ̹ע̣ͬʱĥԼôеһ
˰ڲ˳ȥ֮еϴֻʿǾú棬ĹԭصôԼоҪ
˲òడ
ôʱ򣬶ûʵԼûܳɵòܳɵʱ䣬ң涼ǱҪϿֵġ

һ̨ȻǰͰؽУ̶Աָӡ
ΪܳΪһȻڲ̶ָ£Ͼʼ
Ϊۼ򵥣ԶϾҲֻһСʱһĹ򣬲ΪѵذԶ˹۵ıպϸλڹ̶㶨
еC͸ʾλϸλҪٿԴﵽܸλ
ǲΪعǣҲˣǿǿ̨ԻʲôӰ죬ǺǻΣXѿ㡣
յɡ
ܳɻصҽˣ¼Ҳдˣ󲡳̵һ룬׼ȥоһֵģ⡣
µĸҪлֵܳڻûôĸлֵ
лֵҪԼгеҪĽɫ˲ſܸм㣬ҪԲ˹ϸģ̬ȺܺãĻôף
öȡһٵĻˡ
ȻֻܼظѾõܵĸ
ܳ׼֮ʱϾŴҴ˵ܳɸ磬һ£


ʮ ɹͨ
Ͼеܳǰͣ¡
ܳɴ˿̱˫׼ݣϾǴ¥ݿģظ˳һ˵ܳɸ磬˵õһԷġ
Ҫɳ˶׼ˣһʦ¥ء
¥ǹǿһ̶ǰҲǹǿһģ˹ǿƶġԶϾȥ¥β̶
ܳǻ˵ϾʵôҶûǮҺôйĽõֵĻûҶࡣ
ܳʵ
סԺҽʦ淶ѵǹҵߣÿҽѧҪСȻרҵ˶ʿоԲ࣬ǣרҵоòҷŵסԺҽʦ淶ѵĲҽԺҲоǮ
оǮоģҽԺеĴѧÿ·ŵĽһǧġϾõֵҲһǧġ
ܳйҷģһܵǧ嵽ǧӣҪÿµĲ֣һȻܸĽ
ϾھϣֻԼǮҪ׾ݡ
Ȼ˵Ͼˣǲ̶ϾĻᣬ̶ҽʦʦԸϾף˼ʦͽʦ顣
̶ûбҪܳĻᡣ
ΪչίԱĹ涨סԺҽʦҲǿִҵҽʦʸ֤飬ӵгְƵˣֻܹϼҽʦָ£չI
סԺҽʦԳIϼҽʦָ¿չII
ûԸָĻûʸȥȻĻһ£ϼø㶵Σеõô
ոնϾԶ˹ۣպϸλڹ̶IIϼҽʦڷϹ涨ģ©Ҳҽ񲿺о˵ùȥ
Ͼ˵ܳɸ磬㿴˵ģûǮͲԷô
ǰҸһֵʱ㻹Ǿҵзô
ߣѾѡλã˷ʳȥǸɫƲˣ·
Ͼ˵һ֪ܳҲԹо˷ʳ˷ʳݫ˿ĺܺóԣҲ˻ֻҪһٳͷܳԵúܱ
ܳҲˣ˵λöѡˣǾһȥɡҲ˷㡣
ܳɺͶϾĹϵ㲻֮ǰϾоʱûֵ֤ܵ࣬ʱܳѾ֤ˣԵֵࡣ
ȻϾͱưŸܳһ졣
ʱϾȻƨƨߵȡ˺öᣬܳɿֵĻᣬһʯ̶Щ
ܳҲЩϾԺзҲ˳ֵ顣
ܿ죬˾ʹ˳Էĵط˷ʳݫ˿Ʋ˺ٵ˸ҲзƷ˿
Ͼܳɵķ٣ʳ˵ĲƷҲȽϺʡ
֮󣬶ϾΪصصܳɸ磬֪ոʦȥ˵ʲô𣿡
ţҿɲ²ܳЦŻص
ǶϾĻ׳棬Ҳǲ̶ʲô꽻֪һģʲôܳҪ֪ĻȥĹҽ׬öడ
Ҫ˵顣һǹģһǰԡϾΪص˸ӡ
ܳɹ֪
˵ң
ʵҲµˣ֮ǰаԼıֿ϶õ̶ӡ
Ҳܳ⿴ģѾѹ۵ģ⸱ǴͨˣҪµĸҪлֵҪлֵ͵ϼҽʦֵĻᡣǸԵѭ
ȻҲڿԼܵǼ죬ȡĵǵĸлֵǡرܵ
ܳɻǾãҽƷͬһķҵȥЦһԼרҵࡣ
ţʦ˵Ժһᡣ´м򵥵Ĺ۵ĻһԡϾЦţζ˵
ܳ꣬ûϴϲʵȨأ
ˣԼϾȨԼͶϾĻĻȨûУ˱ˣⲻ̫ʰɣ
ͺҪ˵һйˡϾ˹ӡ
Ͼİܳɵĺĸţԣ
ʦҵģ˵Ȩ׷һŮӡϾ˵꣬ͣˣҪܳɷŹƵġ
ܳ飬磬˵ķʽȥ˵ͽ飬ϧˡ
Ҫаɡ
˵µġ˵ˣò¡ܳ΢е㲻ͷ
Ȩ׷Ůӣиëϵ
Ȩʱû
ô˵ɣֻҪ׷ŮӣʲôҽԺҽԺһҽԺͶˡҪʲôˡϾһﾪ˵ĵ
Բۣ
ɰܳһļٵģ
ţ
ٰʮ
绨
һʱܳ˺ܶ֡Ůӡ
һƭأ
ʦô˵ġֹȨ׷ҵҲ׷ġϾһݾϾ΢еؼš


ʮ 㣡
ðɡ
ŮӹȻз
εԺųը˲˰Լֶκơ
ȻҲԼˡ
ܳбۿһ۶Ͼ˵Ůôѵûʲô뷨
ϾǸпһ£Ц˵ܳɸõֵܻȥһԡûаһûǮûʱ䣬ҵҪٵһѡ
ϾԼҡҡͷŮӣѡ

һƷ½ˣСӴߵԹ緹ûʳϽԷҪ
գܳɲźͶϾԻȥϾΪо٣סǱ˵ᣬܳԼС䡣
صܳɲûϿʼȥнʣµһģ⸱ĻᣬһµǰĴ
ǿƶмԺҽԺû˵
Ŀǰ
ɳ˶Ͼ˷ֱǲϺ̶оռԼʦǱҽʦƺͱ
һʮҪģκ˶ϲΨףϣԼµԼǳϤˣְִͽǸòģΪʹϤҲûʲôѹ
Խɳ˶ƱȶϾһЩϾϺǲΣ̶ǡ
⣬غͶѧоĴ磬ҲСǱڱҵʱsci׼һƪscisciµԼϰĽ
¡УǰҽԺǳӵһ
ɳаҽԺѾ׵ۺҽԺҽԺĵȼϣ޿ʱҪԼҽԺۺʵĻֻҵڵ֪ȡҲǿѧоȥԼҵӲʵ
ûд£ֻǵѧϰĻԶֻ׷ڱ˵ƨɺ棬ҽԺ棬ҲΪӿкٴص˲ţųֻУٴԼҽԺʵ
¶ϼҽʦջҲġرǿĺΣԴ˸ִ
ҽʦ̶Ϻоʦǡ
ȱûп⣬ûпû취оҪǰҪԼڿзʵsci£ͳ˷ǳҪ
˰غͶ˾ĹУһĿԻһ֮ڴԺ֮Ͷұ
˵ԹԱ
Ϻ֣ĹڣԼԼϵȨ
ôʲôܳɲ
ּҾͲϼԳԺȺȣټһҽԺĸΣռϵһ޴ơ
ȨѾǴ߽ݾˡ
뵽ܳɵüͷһ壬ôԼЩʲô
ԼҪǾĻ϶ҪƺͶԱȣԼԼƣȻĿȥǱȽصĲ֣ĻٴһϹ㣬ǿ϶Ҫ쿪ˡ
ԼʲôأֻܾٴǿˣܳԼĵġ
ɽʵȴûбֵĻᣬֻǸɵűػή٣Ȼǲ̫ѧΡ
ҪȡֵĻᣬԼȱٵĶ١ûһʦףҲûʲôΪǲ̶ƾʲôҪԼĻ᣿
˵Լǲ̶ĻҲԸһ̫ȥףȥܷҽƾ׵ķյġ
׷ǹʣʵ
ȻϾ˵ˣ´ֵ̨ܳĻᣬǣܳȻǲܸɵŵġ
ڹ涨ķΧڣܳĿǰһסԺҽʦˣӵ˳ְһ࣬ڶķˡ£ܹܳҲҪ㱨ؿչĲI
磬ʯ̶򵥵崴
崴ڴ͵Ĳˣм򵥺͸ֻ֣֮ҪĲˣֵʱˣͱҪƻ㱨ΪһЩӵ崴ܰѪܡ񾭼ˣӦĲ͸ùIIIˡ
IIIȥٵҲеǿϸ˵Խܳˡ
ңܳѾڵһϣѼܵȼģ⵽ټģ⣬Ȼͻƣʱ߻úܳҲ
ܳ⣬Ĺпλڹ̶ȣѾ˰ҽԺӦ컨壬ô컨ٸһЩܳɺ˶ԣû̫ġ
ڴ˸ģ⣬õļܣή˱뿪Ӧĸ
µģ⸱ͱҪлֵĸлֵԴȥò֪߼ʹ࣬ҲȥԲˡ
ԼȻõģ͵úúãȻҲäĿصȴ
ҪȽϵͳع滮ġ
ôԼܹģǰͲнദˡ
֮ͨܳɾͲſʼһֵģ⡣
Ŀȥģ⡣

ȷʼЯļܡϡ
пλڹ̶ֻܳҪһܾͿˣΪͰ˺ܶණ


ʮ ֮ϣ
ӵĹпλڹ̶û̫ᡣ
Ͳ࣬ʼоַλʯ̶㿪ʼĸָף㷢㲻ס
ȥsci㷢ӢˮƽǷȱ㿪ʼӢѧϰ
ϼԵȥһ̨ıּΪۣ۵ϼҽʦĲΣ㼫ΪӣĲᡣ
ܾˣ֪Ŀʲô
ҿ
ģܹԼĴ˼άߣǻ
һºѧӢÿռĶףڿĶרҵӢˣ㿪ʼĶͻۣ˽ĿǰǰصĹַλӦ֪ʶ
ܾ֮ϼҽʦĽ飬ûлԺĻᣬҲδصҽԺǾȥϷУԼʵһҴǳ˽ҽԺ﹤ꡣ
һʱ˵Ĳ£ѡ˴ְĸĸһʲƵʽ㿪ʼѧϰݷùҽƵҡ
ʮַ꣬λϣѾ˲ļ⣬һָоǰĹӦʵԡ㿪ʼѧݷøǿ֪ҽԺ
ַλϵѧʶõ˺ܶõͺϿɡתЩطʼϰĥ۵ַλ
ʮѾ꣬˿ѾȢӣ֪ƯεҪԸĸһһСҪεˡ
ڹѧڼ䣬ݷ˲ٵңЩ㿪ʱ򣬰˲ٵæһнڻԼѧСιѧϰĹ۸λַ
ΪĹ۸λַտ˲ٲ˵ĺڱ㿴ԽԽࡣδϵͳַλӦ㳢˼еĹַλʧܸա
Ŀڱð䣬ĲԼ١
ʮѾӡȻڹַλ¯࣬δͻơ
ʮ꣬ΪЩĹۺУᣬ御޶һʲƵĲƸ
ģ
ۺ֣ź
ѡһ
䣺ʮʱַλ顣
䣺ʮʱַλ֪
ѧеļš
ģܳɾΪе㵰ѡѡΪʲô˻Ҫѡ⣬ѡҪ
һַλľ飬ϵۻ
һ֪֪ʶѧϵĻۡ
һѧеļţ͡һܳɴĿӣɲС
һ˵ʲôҲ
ܳѡ
ϵۻ֪ʶѧϵĻ۱ʶҪһЩ
ϾϵۻͻۣܹͨʱɣǼʶһ˵вСӰ졣
ȻһԵģܹѷδ֪ȥδ֪ķ򣬱һֶͻơ
ȼļܣҵ컨Ҫͻƣ϶Ѱ·

ģˣܳɾԵе㵰ˡΪûˣʱⶼŵ磬賿кܾõʱ䡣
øȥˣ
ܳѡȥһ£Ȼ˸ͽĵλһŽȲ˵廹ǱȽҪģܴʱ䣬լڼ￴ֱҪá
ڣòװ賿֮
ģ⸱ȴһˢˡ
Ͻ
һΣܳѡЯܺ
һֵģͿʼˡ
ΪһȻǴĿʵģܳȻܾ˿ϼ룬ʵʵع󣬾뿪ɳаҽԺ
Ϊļʶ㲩ѡ˽һҹģĵ˵ҽԺ﹤ˡ
뵽ҽԺַͨλܿ͵õ˿ҵʶӡõ˵Ļᡣ
ڵѾ˲С㻹򵱵˹ַλĿ롣㣬ܾˡ
ʮΪĿĿڱ׼һεؿʼַλоڣʮһ꣬֫˫۵֢γϵͳַλ׼
ʮ׹У֢γϵͳַλ׼
ʮ꣬˫У˵ǰ֢γϵͳַλ׼Ȼ㿪ʼνûַͬλ׼
Ϊǿγɵַλ׼ֻҽѧϰû̫ĳɾͺ塣㸳ı׼ַλӦǺǿֻǼ򵥵ɴﵽӿɿЧ
һóеӦķա
ʮ꣬Ȼδ˵ѧ磬ա
ģ
ۺ֣Ѿ˵ǰܵƣ
ѡһ
۱պϸλ졪˵
עǰ۱պϸλߵȼΪΪϵһͻƣ˵Ѿγϵͳѧ˵ѧ˵ǷãǷٴǷƹԡԼЧԣһ֤ʵ
ʧ˵顣

ģĽܳ̾һ
µĶû˾ã㲻׵ˣ
ûϵԴԴɡ


ڶʮ 
ѳɹ۱պϸλ졪˵
ǰδȫϵͳۣ޷ܡ
ܳɿ꣬ǾԼ츳еӵľȻûڰѹۺַλӦһ
ȻӦС
ܳҲúܿˣԼõܣôʱ䣬ڸ˵ܼ֮ˣǿ϶ỨѸʱ䣬ɡ
۵ƣԭǸλ̶Ϳ
ȸλλҪôַλҪôλûеѡ
ܳҪģǰַλӦ
ѹ۵ıպϸλγɳ̬ܳ޷Ƽ̶Щϼҽǰ֣Ҳں浥ֵʱ򣬶һЩҪ۵Ĳ˽ַλһΪʡǮܵõٵĸлֵԿµĸ
Ӻܳһο˸ģ⣡
һΣܳΪĿĴ⣬ֻЯ˼ܹ۱պϸλ졪˵пλڹ̶һЩӰ˵ļܣûѡ
Ϊ۱պϸλʱ޷ΪܣʾЩܳɶôпλڹ̶
ַλݽѧֻΪĻκεоչ϶޸Ƽ¥
ӵй۷ϸλ졪˵ڹ۱պϸλ˹ٴȥݷ˹֪ĴרҺҽ˿ңǽ顣
ܳԶˣģĽȣǰԼ˼άߵģֻҪԼǲ̫ģⳡء
˲ԴɱʵУܳɲܲȥѡε
ĸĸ
ĸĸҪһȶĹݷ˲ٵңǶԹ˿ļʶͼΪŷƼȥһΪҽҽԺΪһͬ
ӦˣΪݷõʦԭܿõȨޡ
ڵҽԺַλϣһģ˻˲ͬеΣʼڵĵλǲԱ
˺ܶҽصĻ飬ڼ䣬ҽϸĽǷǳ㳩ԣһ̽ϵͳԵѧʣϣַܹպϸλΪһŵѧơ
Ĵ󵨵ȥ壬ǻȫ֧㡣
ڰ꣬ٴŹǹ۱պϸλӦоٴΪĹַλ˱ȽŨصһʡҵڵٴεõ
Ź漰ļǳǿַλΪѣһ⡣
ʮ꣬㷢ǰĽȻ޷ϵͳ֪ʶԵ⡣ٴοʼǱоϵذݷҽҡ
ĸĸһǮǿʼߴ顣ֲ
ʮ꣬ĵһӳˣǳеܼͥĿ֡ʼԼִţǷȷ
ʮ꣬ĺһⷢŹǵĹۣҪѺȥҽԺܰƺáȥҽԺȥ˻ַλĺӳɹûκΰ̺ۺͺ֢
ʮ꣬Ӿȫ֧ҵΪӺͼ˵֧֣һεǱĿʼо׼ʼȥʳɹǹ۵ıպϸλ
ڶʮ꣬Ѿ֪֮꣬Ȼ޽չ㿪ʼоĽ࣬Լ޶ȥ档
ȥεĹУ˵һЩ֮ⷢ󣬾һʱĻָ֮վ
ϣٴεؽ뵽о֮С
ʮ꣬Լ׹ַλֻۣһѾӣһиָļֻжо
ʮ꣬ա
ģ
ۺ֣Ѿ˵ǰܵƣٰѵǰۣܵٴν˷ḻ
ѡһ
ʮʱԹɹǹ۱պϸλоչ
ܳɿ꣬üͷһ塣
һΣһӾֻŹǹַλͻƣڹɹǹַλϣȻûʵԵĽչˣַλļܵȼûеõ
ܹҲоչˡ
ǣʱܳȴôҲ˯ţ·èצץһ
ֱӵȵ0039εĸȴܳһεؿʼ˸ģ⡣
ѾǵˣܳɵҪԼܲͻƣԼʵж
켸ʱˣȻûаͻƵȫ塣
ģ⿪ʼ
ʱ˶Թɹǵоתȥ㲿ǡǡ۹ǵȹ۵ַλ
ѡȥһҲҽҽԺĸĸĹΪ⡣
ϼҽʦ쵼ҲΪأһ֧֣Կ
ţܳεĿ֣ͲһˣΪѾӵǰʮоչûбҪȥݷЩңЩҵĽ飬ȫоչ֮С
Ҫ£Ȱ
Ȼ


ڶʮһ ¶
ʮʱѾϸ˳ǡǡŹǼ㲿۵ַλӦ㲢ûǿеٴλӦ㸴λĲˣõ˺ܺõϡ
ڵأ˲Сĵλ쵼ϣȥѧѱԺõһܾˡ
Ȼܾ쵼ҽԺĽ飬ڿĵλ޿˸ɲռ䡣
ڣʮ꣬˶Թɹǹ۱պϸλоʵ٣˾޴ĳɹ
ַλϵļܣڵõ˽һ˵ǰܵıϣ¶Ĺַλ㿪ʼ־Ͷ壬ϣܹõͬǵϿɡ
ֻǣ漰Ĳ٣о𺦵һЩְ塢ҽе˾棬⵽˰ɱ
ڳ
ģ
ۺ֣źѾɹ´˹۱պϸλȵĶ壬ڷ
ѡһ
۱պϸλ¶壩
עмȵߵȼΪΪϵһͻƣ˵Ѿγϵͳѧ˵ѧ˵ǷãǷٴǷƹԡԼЧԣһ֤ʵ
¶壬Ǵѧ˵ѾõٴϿɣҾƹԺ;ԡΪ̿ƹ㣬¶˸ܵ𣡡
Ϊ۷塣
ǰ򡣡
ܳɿ꣬ЩȻҲϲ
ȻڷˣҲ⣬ǵ磬ͻһֱڣˣεģ⣬˸Լϵͻ֮⣬ҲԼһΪ˵ĵ
Ǿûһķ֪֮ǰǧҪŵ߸ǰҵµĹ涨»ᱻʱʵ÷顣
ҽе˾ԣǵİ֮Դñ˵оû֮أС֮׬Ǯûһķǲ˭㣿
ܳɵһģĹУûеõյһΡ
ܳ˼˺ܾãȻԺܣֻԼʵжһãûһԱǰǧҪƹ㡣
ٴλһӦܵϸںܳɱ˯֮С
գܳľ飬ߵ˸ٸϵʱѾߵʮˡ
ҽ칫ңȻΪ
ϾȨ͵ﲢռ˵ԡ
ڿܳ󣬶Ͼһվ˵ܳɸ磬˸²ˡ㻹ǰϤһļϰɡ
𣿡ܳΪ㵵ʶϾ
ܳɿûϾõԵġ
ţҸü¼ļѾ¼ˡܳɸ磬ǣ9ŶϾһվһ߸ܳɷǳѡ
ллܳеԲ׼Ͼʲô˼ܾãϾͻȻ飬϶Ե޹ʵġ
磬Ͼô˼άһˣ϶ͼı
Ȼ²ˣʱҲˣܳɻǾȿ˵ϼȻȥʲʷ
겡˵XСλ󣬼ܹȷ˿϶ǵ˫ۡ
ֻǣļֻXߣ˲ܹȷǷطˣû֯ؽû⣬ҪܳȥԿ˲˺󣬲Ʋġ
ĻзƵҽϾͿˣҪܴҽ
˴ԣܳϸ˲ʷ֪Ǳ綯ײˡ
ײĵطǴӲ෽ײСȣغֱҽԺ˵˹ۡ
ܳϸشûз־ͽؽڵĴʹ
ûдʹȻ޷ȫųǷʹˣʹƲˡ
һۻߵ֫Ѿʯ࣡
ܳɾ͵õģ磬ѾˣȻλ鷿ʱһƼƻ
ţõģлл㰡ҽ
ҵҽɣ˸㲻˭ܳĵһҽ;ǹܳɹˡ
ţĹܴҽǷģҽҽʲô£ңҲڵ£ҽҲŶܳϸؽ
˵ܳɾҷˣҪڲ鷿֮ǰϤˣǰ˵ӵĽ࣬˶Ҫ׼ʱμӵġ
ܳɽȥʱ򣬿ϺȼԼƵ˶ѾԼλϣҽԵǱƵĻʿ
ҽŶӺͻʿŶӺվʵϰʿ͹ҽ
ֻбԺְŰλԱӡ
֮ǰӶûʱӶûӡ
վŵˣΪĽڴһܹȥΪʽְ



ڶʮ ˣ
ȻԿҶԣӿ϶ṹɾϵĸ
ֻǽҾô󣬲ܷŵôӡ
ͺɳаҽԺĹתҪôˣʽְʵռȲࡣ
֮ԽվŵĶʵϰʿûʵϰҽΪʮ·ݣ󲿷ֵʵϰҽѾȫȫ׼ȫͳһ֯оѧˡ
֮УϺٴǿ˹ҽҪŬ飬ҪԷ֮ġ
ϺΥؾȻҪ鷿
ϴ˲鷿Ź˲ʱ䡣ҽԺĹ涨ҽʦҽʦ鷿ֻҪһһμɡ
ϺΪΣʲôʱ鷿ɣʱҪ
̶Ĵλ25ʼһֱ36
ܳɹܵ25289
Ͼ293310
Ȩǹ34361112
ķ䣬Ҳнġ
һֻ֮󣬲˲ŻᰲŵӴȥ
Ͼ1żӴŴλĲһ㲻ൽҪӴĵزˣϾĲ˻ǻܳȨࡣ
ܳɱΪϲ͵ȨҪ׵ö࣬ܳӵ1żӴȨżӴ
Ҫܳɵ2528˶ˣֻҪ˿ڣٿһ¸X߽Լָ֢ȼɡ
ˣ鷿ĹͲˡ
ˣܳɺܿؾͰλĲ˵Ĳʷ㱨ȥ
̶˵ţǳĲˣûʲôģҪп²˰ɡ
ƾͶԲ˽תǵãھֻҪſԼעⱣ˿ڲҪմˮȾͿ˰
˵꣬һٴϾ29
ϾϸϽ㱨˵µĹɹ϶ι۵²ˣԺѾXߺCT
Ŀǰȷ
ǶϾԼܽһ׻㱨ʽϱصݣϼĵҲص㡣
һ˵صݣЩƲ˵ĲʷЩ޹ؽҪļܴҽҪڲֵġϼҽʦҲҪǽôд
ϾѲ˵ļ͵ݸ˲̶ƣ̶ֱӿCTǿXߡ
̶ٶȣҪܶ࣬ƬӺɫһգͰCTĽݸܳɺȨ
ʣܳɡȨȻ˲ǹܣҲˣܲܿʲô
CTļкܶţȨܳɾһ˷һŹȥ
ֻܳ΢ɨһۣȻϰCTƬӶ׼Ųİ׳ƣϸĶаңֹҪﰡ
ܳôһϾƤһ
ǰɣܳɸ磬ôԵĹۣҪ˭ȥһƻô
һƻǹһƵʦңʦңľ֣ҲôҰɣ
ΪܳɵĻȨоŵһ
ΪǿƵסԺҽʦۻܿóģԣΧ֯ˮףȽȷİ
ʲô
ܳɿ϶Ե޹ʵô˵ͼϸȻԼҪ̫˵ĻʲôݾҲ߲ͨ
ʱͰX߿ˣܳɵĻеᣬһܳɵĴǣк¡ΪXߵļ鴰ûCTôϸCTXûճݣԼҲ˵
̶Ϊؿܳһۣȷʵû뵽ܳɾȻܿһ㣬еˮƽġ
˵ƣҲCT
һţüһȻܳɸ˵ˣԼXϣûΪʲôҪô
Լΰʲôʱܳˮƽģ
Ӻ
̶ϾϾе߶µ°CTXߵĽ԰Լ˺üʮļȻûпؼĲ֣ƬһܳɣͰѹؼ˵˳
ʲôأ
Ҫĸƻ
񾭿ƣ
񾭿ƻܹCTϿ
ܳɸ磿ʦǱΪС۸Ҳƭҡ

Ͼü
һӺ
̶ƺͶϾϣûҵ𰸣ҲΪˡ
ܳ˵ܳɣ˵˵˼·
ܳɵ˵ͷ٩٩̸ʦ
ǿۣһǴȥ
һ壬۵ĶǹǵԺжΣǿ˵Xϣȷҵõ۵󡣡
λҲ򵥣ͬǵ̬λþͲһǹɹжεĹۡ
ʣҲǿǴԵĹۻǲԵĹۡƬǿԿ۵Ķ϶ˣûпСṹӰ
йСṹɣĹСṹǿXϣһһǳƽҹ״ڳرԡ
ڹ۶϶˵߱ԵûзƵĽṹˣ˲ܼ򵥵ضΪԵĹۣӦöΪԵĹۡ
һȷĶͣԼƷͿݻˣ
ܳ˵̶ֲ꣬ȫȻؿܳɣȫһ±Ʊ飬ܳɸ˵Ļ
ܳϷӦˣˡ


ڶʮ װƣΪ
̶ܳɷʱоٵĽṹҲ̫ϸ˰ɣ
θôǿǳ
ôѧĪ˵ҽѧˣ
Ȼתͷ˿̶˵ʦҪƽʱôʦĻͻˡ
̶Ƥ˳飬ܳɵķ⣬Լڽѧϣûܳô˼ά
Ȼһƣ˼˵Ƥ
ܳɵʱŷӦĽǲ̶ڴǽѧ鷿Ų̶˽ѧ鷿ԼǸ¼ҽģ⸱Ǹˡ
ܳɾεЦЦǿװ˵ʦҾͲ֪ˣ˵ɡ
̶ʱĿˮʼ࣬ûһҭ
TM
ˣ
װᡣ
ǲе㲻
Ҫҽû˵ôTMλΣ
ȻܳɰѻȨתԼ̶ǱҪһµģܳɽķǳð˼άǶҪѧϰ
ر㣬ƣǴʦúܳɶѧϰһĽ˼·ְǳҪ
ƶʱԼ֣֮ܵ
ίСۿתʦûϵɣ
ϼӵøõĺõĺõġ
ñ
̶ְѾˣҪĽѧְƣͲˡ
ֻתôԼ¡
ܳɵĽ⣬϶ϾȨ˾Ϳ˹۶϶˲һĵط
Ŷԭ
Сṹԭá
ϣܳɼȥ
̶˵ԶϾһCAƵĻﰡ
һʮСӣڴЦţʣҽǺذɣҸоرʹG
⻹ǡ
Թۣ֮ǰͳ˹ʵƻ΢ĴȻ˹ۣʵͲиôأ֯Ĵ˲أĹ˹Ĥ⣬ͷû֯ġ
ԹʸıϮ˹Ĥ֯жϣʹУܶࡣ
̶ҪһȷȷʲôȻԵưɡ
̶ʵѾ˴𰸣СӸĿתԺȥҽԺŶҽԺʡҽԺƹȽҽԺҽԺûרŸĿҡ
ȻҲƣǣֲĻĻΪ

Ϊܳһδ̲鷿˲̶ʹҴҵؽ˺Ĳ鷿
û취ΪûаձܳɽúãͲƱƣñƺԼѧԼܳһĶԱȣԼɲϵ
ֻǣ귿󣬲̶Ҳƶ
ǰʵʵǳƽͨܳɣôôƽʱɽ¶ˮ硣
֪ԺˣϾ˳
ҽԺﻹըһ㡣Լ֮ǰľûдܳɹȻûбϿô򵥡
ڲ鷿֮Ҳ˺þãȻ߽˲̶İ칫Цػ˼֧̳飬ͬʱֶܳɽ˸еܳɵĸı䡣
Ȼһ¾ܳͷųȥȻϺԼǿƴһСľϲ
ʵҽԺԺķų⼸˵˼úܣ׼ȥһЩġ
̶ƿɺ뿴ǵĳյӣĺôֲڵͷϡ
ǻƻ
鷿֮ȨʮƵһ̨ԣȻĬĬԼĹ滮
ﰵ룬УԲС
ԼͶϾȣѧѧȲϣԼʵܱȶϾǿûãϾйϵ
ھȻܳɣԼȲˣԼֻ߽ݾˣǸС¡
ҲĺÿϲͲ˰ɡ
ǿʼʮϢûصŮٴηһϢŮȥ԰
Ů²Ȩ

ϾɵǺǵռһԺȻøܳɣǳ˵ܳɸ磬
ȿҽɡ
Ӷܳˡ
ܳɵʱף˵Ͼлֱ˵ɡ
ܳɸ磬˵ġϾϵЦݣڵľջҪá
ŵֵ಻ãǵĹϵ͵ô϶ûа㻹ҵܳɸ磬Ҹġ
Ͼ֪Լѧϣ򲻹ѧоͱҪվǵٴߵλãܹơ
ѧ൱ܳĹҪá
ѧȲϣרҵٴҲаٻһƴ֮ǱƴѧĻǾеԼƵ˼ˡ
רҵоľרҵרҵ
ҪˣôҲҪǵ
ѧرǿһˣһˣҽԺ
ܳɲ˵Ҳȥ
Ͼ뷨Ҫ˵̤ʵ֪˱ΪΣķ
ܳɸ磬ǵѧϰ˵ôİ콲ĶϿûеġϾ˵ԼĿġ
ܳѧϰ
ѧϰһǳ̤ʵ
ܳҲ˽˵ǱƵĽ̲İд˰ôûд
ȥһ½ڣȶ壬Ȼλٶͣ󶨷߷ͣƵģ
Ͼֱ꣬ɵˡ
ܳôһ˵̿ϻС
ǣܳôֵģ
ôֵأ
Ͼ϶벻ܳվڹһĸ߶ȡ
ܳ˵󣬿ϾȻãı飬ҲʱӦ˹Լе۸ˡ
ҲǹİϾ


ڶʮ Ȩ
ǸϾ̫ʣϾӸ綼ǵֵġ
ڶõ֤ˣһֵֵܻ࣬ұ죬ʡܳɸϽܾ
ʲôЦϾҪֵ࣬ôȥԽӦַλĿǰܹܳȡΨһᡣ
Ͼڵ£ܳɻܹӦĲ˱ַλӦĲˣϾַλе㲻һֻҪǳϸذպù۵ԭøλ͹̶ǾϼżȻˣҲ˵ʲô
ҲǰӦĲˣҪĲַλˡ
ӵ²潲ܳΪ˲˺ãΪʡ˲Ǯ
ɴרҵ潲ܳûϸִָϣָȷָҪĲˣַλƷʽѡô
ֲܳǲ̶μȨָߣ
ңӿЧ潲ܳɶһַλһˣڵҽԺǲƣпҶԸӯ
ƶԣΪĵĴɹֻаȥˣиǮ𣬷ͿƵõǧĻʣϼҽȥ
ҽҵе⣬ְʱ򣬶ɼҵϼҴڵģС
ҪǱǷܳΥָڸӰǽ飬ǾĻֵܳȨ޶ˣǶơܳȥȥȥ
ˣܳɲöϾٸԼֵࡣ
ֻǣ϶ܰʵ˵ģԾͰӶԺְѧͲʿҵĴҲǵֵĽԶ¶Ͼ졣
ɶϾȴֻЦЦ˵ûɶܳɸ磬ҲŸտʼֵࡣǰǸġ
Ӹֲ飬Լֵĵ䣬Ӱ첻ֲûֵֵ࣬˰ࡣûϵġ
˵⣬ϾȻˣܳɸ磬ô˵˰ȻǸ9Ժ˵Ĳ̼¼һдģûʲôĻȥϢ
ҵʱ΢ٺϵ
ңֱܳӱϾ˵κλˡ
Ͼ˼άδҲ̫˰ɣҪѧϰӴֵ֣࣬ҵĲᣬǼ˼
ǲ̶εѧܹһԽʦʦԸᣬǸˡ
δҲ̫ѿ˰ɣ
ҽ칫ҵ˲٣Ͼһƨ˵ԺܳɾûԿˡ
ֻΪƵҽϢȥϵͷ
üһ˵ô϶ϾͻȻôأԭء
ڣǼ鼴
ܳɾTMˡ
ҽϢȥʱܳպôҽϢҸڵĻʿϢ߳
ܽİװ࣬ǿܳɺ͸Ͻ˵ܳɣĲҽûУôôϢȥ˰
ɱϢʱͻȻܳһҽ
װĻʿִеҽͶ࣬һʱΣǻˡͻȻһӴܳһЩҽͻȻܳһЩǷ
Ȼʵ֪ܳɲˣҪΪܳɣĺúø㣬ǧô׵ط
ôϢܣⲻǸɶ
ûĹϼҽڶڿ찡
㣬İɣҿ϶ǹġֻǵޣûţһʱҲղܳɿ϶Ͼ飬ķ
΢΢ü˵ҿɲŵԵˡҿʧ˶־Ŷ԰ɣ
ǰ㿪ҽġ
ʵĹҽʱܳ׵ģ׼ʱԼܲ˵ҽġɽ죬ܳɵĴλҽʱԺŲˡ
Ȼһԭ˱ڿ˵ܳɿ϶ҲǱˡ
ı仯ĲԸ⿴Ȼܳϴ˵ĻҲܳɽĺеһһϣ뷨û˵ĻǾֻܵṷ̋ˡ
ɲ˰
Ͼڻûءܳһ󣬾ʹҴʿվˡҲкܶҪæǿҽĸ߷ڣܻʦȥ¡
áܳҲĺӦһ죬׼ƿţ߽Ϣҡ
ɾʱҲ֪ʲôʱͻȻΰ칫ҵſڣð˳ԶԶܳɣãе¡һ¡
ܳĸ⣬Ҳû룬صŶõģʦ
Ȼ˼ΰ칫ҷߣﻹԥţҪҪ̶κ˵һ¶Ͼ顣
Ų̶棬ѧС棬᲻ײǽϣ
źܳɾͿ̶һЦеԼûʲôӡ
ʦʦܳɷǳغ
ܳɣôš
̶Ȱܳɷ½䱸Ȼ캰ҪǸ˵һ£ȨIȨ޵顣
չίԱ䲼Ĺ涨õҽʦʸ֤ĵڶ꣬ڵסԺҽʦԿչIˡ
Ҿǰ漸εҺҽʦ飬IȨޡ뵥һ£ȻȥҲκҽǩ֣Ȼ󱸸
ܳԣɫȻתΪ˴ϲ


ڶʮ ʵ¶ǰ棡
ܳϵЦݣƺͲ̶Īһ
Ȼֳеᣬɬ
ǰίԱķּͷ࣬һļ
һѶȽϵ̼͡򵥡նȽСĸ
סԺҽʦϼҽʦָ£һ
ԵסԺҽʦĻָ֣סԺҽʦλ3ڣ˶ʿѧλסԺҽʦλ2ߡ
Ҳ˵ܳɡϾصѧоδסԺҽʦλڵסԺҽʦķΧڡ
ԭϣܳɺͶϾܹϼҽʦָ£ֺͿչһġ
ǣеͲҪõȨС
ûеõȨ£ֵֻݲ뵽УΥ桢Խκ⣬ҪеΡϼҽʦȻҲΡ
ԼеΣ԰һҽһӸٵˡ
ȨһҽʦҽʦɿλȨĿƸ
ɶҽʦʱҽʦ߰ҽʦӦ鲡ˡ
Ҳ˵һȨĿǰֻв̶ܹ裬ƣҲֻܹ˽£ʱ
ܹõȨܳɾܸӰĵɹ۵ַλʯ̶һˡ
ܳȥõҽʦʸ֤飬ΪҪֵ࣬ȻҲעõִҵʸ֤飬ִҵĵصɳаҽԺֵõϼҽʦȨڸλУЩ⣬ҲҽƷΧڵ
Խࡣ
ˣܳɷǳĵضƺͲ̶лллʦллʦ
һȨܴҽʦõҲ㡢ܳȻҪлԼϼʶ
ܳɵĸлȴò̶ĸе㲻
ϾյɳаҽԺ׵ҽԺҽԺļϣѾߡԺסԺҽʦӦõҽʦʸ֤󣬾ͻ¼ҽֵͬʱһķȨ
ͺñȣ̶ԼѧϾſ֤ųɼ֤鶼û֣õȨܳѾõ֤˸¶࣬ɼϸһ꣬ŵ֡
ȶϾôá
̶ɲ˵Լûа˽ģһϸϼʦ
Ȼ̶Ĵͬʱȴû£ⶼϼҽʦӦġúŬ͡
ȥæԼȥɣǵı֣ϼҽʦ϶ǿġ
Ͼ˲̶˼ưǸոܳɿĵı飬Ѳ̶һҸˣΪΣܳʧ
˵߰ɣȥѱдãȻ󻹵ȥҽһء
ţõġллʦܳٴζԲ̶л
ٶ̶һѵӡ
ۼ̶΢΢鶯æܳһ£㡣
Ҳ˵
˭˵ɱҪõ
ĵĲͼ尾ʵ˸ܡ
˵ܳɺ̶һʦ̶ȴٰܳɵԼѧǲԴͷ
ܳһͬΰ칫ңȻһߵҽϢңƿֹ֮ƼϢûˣͰŸˡ
ܳɿƣ֪ƿ϶лҪ˵
ҲӣֱӵܳɣʵոߣΪе㲻
ţΪ㣬ҲȫΪ㡣ȥˣȥ飬Ҳֻǹȥ
Ҳͺֱ˵ˣΪֹܴҽ棬õһȨģǵ
һӶȻǶϾɳ˶غͶˣҲӺõȨٽˡ
˵Ƹпһ£ɫһº˵֮Ըôֱ׵ĽϣﲻҪмǺޡ
Ͼ֣ʱûõȨġ
֣ڸεƣǸΣҲԹ࣬ûõȨһܳɴ⡣
ֶûõȨһΪõˡܳʮػء
ƲɫʲôֵģȻǸεƵĸΣҽƣٴֲǶϷٴϵǲ߱ظԺ;ȳʵġ
£˭ԸΪ𰡣ֲ塣
ҪҪףʵٴ֮У˺ͼɲʲôԴĻᡣ
Ȼϲ㻹ǵõ˲εϿɡʵѾںܶ˵ǰˡ
ܳɵ˵ͷ˵ǵġ
ͬʱﰵ˵Ҳ˺ܶ˵ǰ棬ʵѾ˿󲿷˵ǰðɣ
ǰˣǹ¶ġ
ڼǺʲôģǰңܻôһﲻ
ǣԼʵΪûȨ͡
ˣν
ֻǣʵûлʩչΪͷۣ˻ᣬҾʩչǻʲô˵ģ
ڹﰲȫߣѵô
ģʦϰѱ꣬Ȼ鷳Ҳǩְܳɵģǿĵġ
ϼȨ˶ϿɣҪһͬеΡ
ǹ˼ɵĵطܳɺǣΪܳģ⸱УҲվڹĸ߶ȡ


ڶʮ 벻
ܳɷԼ˼άת䡣
Ҳ֪ǲΪ˱Ƚ϶εģ⣬ԵԼĿǰʵһģüɳаҽԺҲܹòٲ֮ǰ䵽ȥҽԺĲΡ
ܳٴηԼƺ󣬻Ƿ֣ѧԼҹʱĴ⡣
ҪɳʡУоѧǷǳҪġ
֮ܳǰоһضҵˣѾܳɲ·ȥоֻ֮ܶѧ͵о
Ҳܳߵ·ӣˣһΰҽԺųϢһαȽϲĻᣬܳҲط
һţܳɷǳùдȻݸƣ˵ʦ
ƽӹһü룬û뵽Сдôÿš
һΪ㻹дءƿЦ
ʵ˵ʵΪҽԼʱ򶼲̫öдĻҲ̶̫дﲡ
ɷּҲǶǸı־
д
ʱȨҲ˵ԣȻʱ߽ҽϢҡ
ʵȨˣûĲ˲̫࣬ҹǿƵĲˣһ㼱ﲡ˶ֵҽսԼ顣ϵͳԲҪ󲢲̫ߣԿǰߡ
ȥϢ
ȨǴһ뿪Ȼʿҽûߵ÷ЩȻĻСʿܲҶƱƣСʿܻʦͻȺַը
ҪôԼһСҪô˸ģϼҽʦˣ²õӡ
Ժܳһʱ䣬ϼҽʦӡǳҪ
ȻһҪԭǣȨò׼ӵŮ񡯵΢ţԷ
Ȼ߽󣬾ͿܳɺƾȻֵңңƵﻹһű
ȨЦغƴкʦ緹û
ͬʱŴкĻı˳
ȻƺܿͰѱ۵һ߻˵Թˣ㲡˵ҽͲˣ
Ҫڼܲдʲôʱдʲôʱɺϰߡ
ܴҽд͹ܲˣһЩܴҽܵĴλڳԺʱ򣬶ǿհģ壬һûд
䳣
Ȼֿ죬Ȩǿļı⡪ҽʦȨ
ܳǩԼ֣ȨС
ϣȨ˶鲻ػأдˣ϶дˣʦҺܳɸһϰõϡ
ȨԼһڣ׷ʲôΪʲôܳҲȨ
ⲻϾɳ˶ģʦڿоרôԵĹҲõȨޣ
Ȩ֪ϾõȨޣܳɻ磬Գɼ󣬲̶͸Ͼˡɳ˶Ͼɳ˶Ȩ֪ģֻغͶ棬ѧоµһĺεƨõˡ
ǣôõأ
ֶ
ϲ鷿ʱܳɽЩĺͨ׶η
ܳɿ϶Ǳ͵͵ŬˣȻ󱻲̶Ͽˣõġ
Ҳ󰡣Ů񡯵ľѹҲСҲȫͶﰡ
ѧϰ
ѧϰܱȵùϾɳ˶
ˣоһ£׸ôܰǸ΢΢°ɡ
ǵţɺϰ߲źãԺǾ֪ˣϰߣжҪ
鶼˾ͿԻȥϢ߶࿴ʲôġҪڲ鷿ʱһ֪
˵꣬ƾʹҡڵ߳ȥˡ
ҽʦǲ̶ܴҽ͹ҽֱϵϼҪȥɲøЩ¼ҽ㱨
ȨҲֻƵƵͷÿλøơ
ߺȨſԼֵ࣬ԼҪ΢һܳɣЦʵܳɸ磬׼Ȩް
ˣܳҲĻboyƷ֮ġ
󷽷ϣţոҹȥ˵ġʵҲû뵽
Ȩʣܳɿ϶ȥ˵ЩˣܳҲԼҪ󣬸ҪڣҾȨҲõˣ˶õƵȨޡ
ܳȻţӵеʵĵ
ܳʣGȨĵԿճ˰ɣһвҽûдȹȥ˰
̨ܹԣŸܴҽյǲֵġ
һÿ칤նһգڵ飬ͻ귿Ȼȥҡһյյҽ
ȨĵԿ˳Ǿ˳
ţ˳ܳɸ磬ϽȥɡȨʵĺᣬҲ˵κλ
ܳɣһԵĹõȨľӲʵĹϵŵһ㶼մĻȨȨϿɲġ
û̫ļʡ
ǣϾͺԼٴʱһҲͬһʱõҽʦʸ֤õȨʵǲġ


ڶʮ ĻboyϾ
ܳɵҽ칫ʱϾܳشк˵ܳɸ磬׼绰ء
Կճˣ㷢Ϣûҡ
Ǹ9Ժ״β̼¼ͽβ鷿¼ҶдˣԺ̸¼Ҳдˣ͸һҽͺ˰
Ͼظܳ˵˵顣
ܳĿɬϾֱӰĺ·סˣ²˵ĲֱдˣԼ˵Ҫֵ飬˵ˡ
Ļ
ллϾˡֻܳ˵
˼£ÿҪġ
Сһ׮ϾͻعͷȥȻæԼˣҪæſҽٸܵ29ո˴ţǸп˹ڵͱ·Ĺۡ
һҪ
MRԿʵĸı䣬ǹ˱Ҫһ顣⣬ȻҪ˵ҽ
ҪͣȻûôʹˣֹʹҩƵҲҪԤԵĿˣĲ˸ָ֢飬Ҳðճ̡
ƵĲƵĽǲƵĽۺ͵ҩЩ
Ȼǲ̶Щ飬ܳĹܴҽʦִмɡ
ܳɵĲ˲࣬һǰҲǣ9
9ĲĿǰѾȷҪǰ飬ȻǷ֢ӦǷǳԵġ
ȻܳɿַͨλĹ۸λȥѾڲ̶¶ϼҽʦѾӦ㰲
ܳɲȥַλѲֱͳԺźͲ̶Ÿɡ
϶ǲеģӰ쵽˲̶ƳԷҵ
ңܳɵ¶ַλǱ˲ģ֪ģûйϣûдָġĲʽ
յֻв̶ܹչʽͲ
ܳҪȥԽӦչ۵ַλ͵͵УȻѸλļһڣ˿ˣŶλԣûλˣʯ߰ɡ
Ҳû˻ȥ׷ǰXߵʲô֣ϾѾ˸λĲֻҪȥʯ̶Ϳˡ
ܳɸȥıġ
Ͼ˰ܳæԼ󣬶ϾܻдԼ˵ĲҲһ²ˣΪӣҪѲдҪЩ߰ģ϶ʱ㲻ꡣ
Ŷõģܳɸ磬Ҳˡ
Ͼ˫һֱڼžžûܳɣȻء
ȵܳɿҪ칫ҵʱ򣬶Ͼ¸˳Ȼܳɽҽ칫ҡ
ܳؿŶϾĵ
ȻԹԵԼİ״Ӽڴǩֱʣѱջ
ȻĻˣʿ϶֪ĸƸ˳ˣֱܳӴߡ
Ͼ˵ܳɸ磬ֵ飬ѾʦԼʦӦˣҲͬˡ
Ѿˣֵʱ򣬵΢㡣
⣬ֵʱ˲ܴĲ˵Ļȸ绰ǿһѧϰͲıһ¡
ܳɸ磬ûǰ˼
һǾãһ˿һͬѧϰͶ٣ȵѧϰҪúܶࡣرٴϣһЩʱиԾͺһЩ˵԰ɣ
˵ЩϾѹ˵ΪѧдҺ㣬Լɳ˶϶дԼѧ͵о
ǽʵң˭Ҳ֪ǻûвݣûsciҪεذסٴϵƣ˵԰ɡ
ܳΪؿ˶ϾһۣϷӦ˹Ͼϲ˵ҪȨ޵飬ǲģ
ܳɾãԼõȨޣˮɵ顣
Ͼôһô¡
Ͼ˵Ҿ˳˵һ䣬϶ĻܳɸԼʵǿ㿴֮ǰĹУ֪ζֹڲֹĶж
ʦ˵ˣĲδܹ֤һɡ
ܳɸ磬ûʲôġ
ϾûаŪ˼ϣǾ飬ܳɸоŨŨѹ
Ͼ̫ˣҲǳطԼƺƣصͬȵѧҲsciΪ׺ǲûһرõóֵĵط
׳ǵģٴܹڿϺٴۺϵвٵĳɼôϾܹΪʵǸˣп
һԼʦһ滹ܹԼһֵ࣬ȡᣬڲϾѹɳ˶
ɳ˶δܹظϾɧ
Ϊ֮ǰɳ˶ŵʦ֣Ѿҵϵˣ֮ǰûдɳ˶ɳ˶ƨƨߵظȥ϶ڵϽͨ
ɶϾԣܳɻڿ˵Լõ֤ϣܳһֵ࣬Ͻͨ뷨Ļ̶ڿء
ңҲãӶѧ͵ĲʿҲãרҵϣδܹѹܳһ
ö֮ᡢۣ棬ܹѹɳ˶
ԼͳĹˡ
ھֲ֮˹
ܳ죬˵ллϾ
ЩܳҲֻǾöϾ˵ķǿ˼άܻ硣
ʵԼ̫вΪٴ棬ϾҪѹԼôʱĻۣ㹻ġ
һʮᣬʵϵĽά˼άֲܹġ


ڶʮ µķ
˶Ͼ֮ܳɾƵĵ绰
һʱܳڲֵ£ǲŵƵġɽԼҪȥҽƽȨܺȥԼ͡
ϼԼϼ
ܳɺб
ڵ绰˵ڿһҸǩ֡
ȻһȨ̶ͿԣɳڵȨǵòεͷС
Ȼܳǲ̶ϵˣֻҪ̶ͬˣҲǩ־ǩ֡
õģллʦܳ˵꣬͹Ҷ˵绰ȻϢҵĵϣҵ¥Сϰ΢ţ˼ƿϺһ
ܳԼ̣ǸƵġΪϼҽʦȴܳȥǩ֣ڼӡ
ǸϾȨģһֵܣõȨǺ£Ȼףһ¡
֮ǰϾȨҽʦʸ֤ʱ򣬾ܳɳԷϾõȨ飬û
ڶϾȨ֪ˣʾһ»ǲʵġ
̺ϱȵưܳɵʱܳת־Ƶİ״Ӷ
㶣Ҳû̸ͳֻɫ̫˵˵һΣ²Ϊ
ҪѧЩ߰ġ
ܳɾ֪Լ¿ܲô⣬Ҳû¡
ʦǺ飬ⲻ˳ϰ˰Ҳʦһˡܳɾת˻⣬˵
Ȼһƿǵıֵݸơ
ҽľǿ
⵹ûܾ˵ţȥɣúŬ
λǺܿġ컹˵´кʵĻᣬԡ
ȻӶϾϢ˵⻰Ͳһ
ܳɵЦ⣬ȻŰϸ˶ϾûҵȨˣԾֵݸ˽ֵء
ܳŻص˼ҡ
Ȼؾ˯ˣ㾫׼ڶĶʮСʱࡣ
ܳҲûȥ賿ģ⸱ˢ£Ҫڵַλ͹пλڹ̶Ѿﵽ磬ܳҲ벻ʲôܿڴȥϰ
ԲȰʱٳԡ

ϣҲܳҪֵһĿʼ
ܳ˴Ȼˢϴ֮⣬ˢˮϴƷһ˿
ֵҪֵʮСʱȻδ˯ϢǰܳɻϰԵҪϴһ
΢еС񱣬أܹԼøõĻᣬܳɾͻᱣϰߡ
ҵʱѾߵˣ΢ǰ
˿°ܳɻϰԵȥҽ칫ҿûеԡ
ϧǣֵҽ֮⣬̸ӶȻȫһľͷʮ㡣
ܳ󣬶Ͼ˳Ц˵ܳɸ磬찲һҾһֵడǽҽҪ鷳һˡ
ֵܳ࣬յӦǲ̶ա
ǣĩҽԺֲϰ࣬ҲῪչû취̶͸찲һ̨
ӦƴŶϾȨǺ٣ҲҽŲ࣬˽찲ŵǵһ̨
һ̨Ҫһ֡
ȻϾȨĲ˶Ҫܳˡ
û£ȥҽڵĹأﻥϾ˭ǵһ̨ʱ

̶ֻｻ࣬Ͳ֪ˣȻƴܳɼ˴ҴҲ˷ִŶϾȨҡ
ܳɰѿ˵ҽٸԼ˶ҩ
ˣ컻ҩһΣֱԺ߲ߡҪÿջҩ
ҩǻܣܳɷǳؾ͸Щ֮󣬲ʱصҽϢ棬һߺżһ߿ʼģ⸱
磬ܳϸ˼һĿǰΨһģ⸱;
ַλﵽ¶弶ܳΪ˰ѲﵽԼܹȥļ涨ڡΪ׬ȡлֵ
ⲢӦĹ۲ˣַλ
Ӧ˵кܶ߱µķԹۣҪơ
Ĺпλڹ̶ԼѾȫȫĻˡ
ǣʵиĽĿռġ
ҪȥĽһǰѹпλڹ̶½ж壬ͻơ
ڶȥĥһСпڵĹпλ
֮ģ˽֮Ů٣ϣԼһİ̺ۣΪԭ΢˵ؽھݷϡҽȲſٵطչ
ԽԽг
ǹؽھ˶ҽѧѧƣ˶ҽѧڹһƵҵ񷶳ʱܳɽӴ
СпڵĹпλܳɾԼȥһ¡
Спڿ϶ǴܹٲпڣۣΪпС֯ĴҲСʹҲᣬ봫ͳпڱȣкܴơ
ȻСпڵĹпλǳѡ
ڸķ룬ĿǰĻ缶򣬶׶ΡҪܳƾԼʣҪⷽǹܳǲǸġ
ʱֺá
ģ⸱ԴܳɵѧϰɳߣͿԺúõˡ
ܳҪʼģʱ򣬻ʿˡ
ֵҽˡ


ڶʮ 㣬С
ܳ߳һſڵ˺Ȼ
ܳɱ໣ԭֵడǵȻֱӴ绰Ͳܹ˰
ʿվĻʿǣϲÿ춼ȥǻߺ˶Խֵҽ˭Ϊʿҽпܻ࣬ϸŰֵҽʱȾȥ칫һϢҽС
õģ㣬㷢΢žС֪ܳһ£ܴҽ绰Ҳÿҵĵ绰ġ
ҲȽϺãһԺͽ΢ŵϵʽ
ֵװô˵ʵܳɼڿ꣬ûʿվǱŰĻôġ
ֵʱЩʿֵʵûϵ˵Ĺ
ıԺʿһƵϣǵסáĻסֶüǣ֮͵뿪
ţͽһװࡣ
ˣϽȥ²˰ɣ˶˻ʿվˡȥֳڹʱΣǼΪ͸ġ
ãܳҲϽϿֳʿվ
ﲡˣ֣һرڼƻICUȥ֣ﲡˣҪֵҽϼҽĵ绰ǵ
ҲΣ뵽
һ־ǼڹۣأƵҽò˵ļѲƵֱҽ
ʡȥһ˵ʱ䡣
ΪרƵĴ඼רƵĲУҪסԺֱȰŴλˡ
ܳ˻ʿվȻͿһɫʯҵĴ壬ͬװµӣڻʿվǰ档
ԼӡɳаҽԺӰƵӰϴĹ׷ʻʿҪҪ
׷ʵǸʿһ߻أҪҽ֮ǻʿῴġ
˵һתͷͿܳĺˣϵֵҽˣȻ
ܳɣŷǳתͷ۰Ͱ͵صܳɿ
ܳɵĽŲܿ͵˵ĸǰһӰϴһʣô˵İˤĻײģ
ܳڵʵѾ֮ǰֵʱ˺ܶ࣬ܳе
ɲ˵˻ƣȻ֮أҪ˽ģΪ˵Ļƿ԰㷢ֳƬѷԵĹۡ
ˤģڷǽʱ򣬲СĵסԼЩεҡͷ
˺󣬲ҪҪҪôáûǮôǺá
ûȫʩôܳɿһۡ
һĸ߶ȣаȫʩһǰȫϣĻߣﲻټ
Ϊͼ㣬ûи㡣ѶϹˣƽʱû¡仰Ĺѽ͵ġ
ҽҪ𣿡۰Ͱ͵ܳɣΡ
ҿٸ˵ҪҪҪʵġ
ڹôܳһ߼Ƭһʡ
ҪŹطεģһڹµģпܾԼ˽ʱˤ˵ġ
ɳеǳĵطв˾Լ޷ӡȻˣĹϵɲһ⳥Щġ
û˵
Ĺ۾΢תһȦʣҪǮ
ƣڼƵʱ򣬸ǳļҽڿ˹֮󣬾͸ǿҪ϶ڹˣǲŶеš
ż
ָͷһһ¡
ܳȻѾͨƬ˲˵Ĺ۷ַͣĹ۷ͽиλҲҪų񾭺Ѫܵˡ
ųõķʽǼ黼ߵ˶
ȻΪˣܴ󲿷ƣ˲ͱĹܻǴڵģֻҪķȣ֪񾭹ܽȫҪǶ˵Ļǲܻġ
ַλλųַλľԽ֢
Ŭضһ£ȲȻˣ˵ʹˡ
ΪܳҪƽʱء
ˣˡܳһ˵һ߰ƬӵĴӵݸߵĹѣȻ˵ȰƵȥ
ͷйǿ϶ģĿǰ۵رӣǿԳһַλ
ַλȥˣͲסԺûλȥĻǾͱסԺˡ
㲻볢Իַ߽ܲλȥĽĻǾֱӰסԺɡ
ܳҲΪ²˵Ļڲ˶ûѡԷǲǲҪǰͰѺ·סˡ
Ҿ͸ַλ˸Ͻ˵
ڹ˵ķ룬ҪԼǮ㲻ܹҲû˸ġ
Լ޷ӣҲרҵʿǧҪעⰲȫԼǸģԼʩԼĸȥҪ⳥˭ҵǮҲǴġ
ܳЦЦַλܸܲλȥһȥ׼²ϺַλĹߣǿҪ΢һ¡
Щʱ򣬻ʿվü
ȵ˽˲ңܳɵе׼ʯࡢҩƷʱ͵͵еңʣ
ܳɣ㻹׼ַλ
᲻̫ðˣе㵣ܳçײ
ܳǽ˵ģ㡣
ַλʯ̶һξ͸Ȩһ˭ַλʧܵĵĿԣˡܳҲֻܴЦŵ
⻰ȵŶҲõȨ𣿡
Ĺࣿ
㣬С㡣ܳɸϽϣڻкܶڿ£ûȥܳɲԼõȨҪع⣬Ȼֵ÷з



ʮ ˣ
ŶáҲŷӦԹԵرԼ졣
Ȼ۾һ׷ʣ㻹벻һǸԺ
ٿɡܳҲûȷԵĻشҲǿ϶Ļش
һθĻظܳɾԼûκƣ֮ǰˡ
ǧҪ͡һϲȻܳɽ˹
ܳЦЦ˵лл㡣´Է
ûظҲ֪ûȥΪѵ񣬾һֱȰ˵ܳɲҪ

ַλçȥģȻһҲðճߡ
벡˽ڵϼַλƵķԼ棬ͬʱ˵ķպ档
ŵǣַλиλʧܵķգۣҾûλȥܳɿԲַλķãķҲҪյġ
Ȼ˵ˣĻָٶȿַܱλҪ΢ôһܹ´ȵơ
ܽһ
ַλʡǮ㣬ʧܷգҸλ֮Ҳܹٷλ
λǮ㣬ʧܵķռԲƣҿڻ
òԼѡƷʽ
Ʒʽ϶ǿеġ
ģҽôΣҾôΡ˿ˣǻǲԸеķգϣܳɸѡһ
ֻܳ˲֪ٴΡ
Ҳ֪ߺҽ֮ǰʵǴ֪ġǣҽûȨѡĽġ
ܳɱ˵ɲôε⣬ԼҪôε⡣
ҽԺֲȥԷʲôʲôѡ˲óԻܲԣٻһҡ
Լѡ㻹ûַλλķյĻҿٸ˵һ顣Դ绰ϵһ¡
뱣յĻǾɡȰסԺ
ܳư֪ͬһա
ܸһջԵѡġ
ܳɷǳҪַλҲǲ˵ַλãͻľơ
Ȼĳ⣬˵ĵһ仰϶ǣҲǵǮô
ǣ𡣡
ҽһѡַλԡһ˵ܳҪסԺϽ
ոտʹˣҪһӽ򣬶δظֹˣһеͺñȳеҽǲģ涨߹涨ġ
ãǩ֡

žŵʮңƾѾĹؼȻʣµβȫ˦˶Ͼ
ϾҪ𽥿ʼһβҲһ֣ȻҪȿʼϰ
ƲûֱӻȥȻסĵطҽԺԶǡ
ϵֵܳ࣬ڶ߰ࡣҪнļҪʮڸϵֳڼܸϲʱ䣬ƶǲȥġ
ңֻܳһ˿ҽȥʵһ¡
ȻܳϹˣΪס
ҽƹԽϸԽá
ֻƲŸյңʿվһ˽ס͵͵˵ƣǸܳڸ۵ַλע㡣
˵ĻʿջݣʵҲһ¡
ܳΪ¼ҽֵĹгʲô飬Ϊ߰ϼҪεġ
ƱջݵĻЩ
ģڲ档ǻʿö˵ҽ顣
ҺѾˣող˺ͼ˸Ƭڹƻڲ￴ءûȥһ۰ɡջüͷ
ַλǿһΪɵĻ⡣
ΪǰЩ꣬Լݣҹϵǳݣһַλͱݸˣ˺áӪá
ҺλΪЩ飬ְƴ߳ɸߡ
飬֮ܳǰ飬ܳɿû˵
ʱԸ£δؾкñġ
ƸϽСܣǵſ֮󣬲ƵŶ룬װԼһ㶼żӡ
ƵţĲ˺ͼһ
ҿƺ󣬻˿
ܳɣʿվĻʿ˵ڲңŹ˵
ûаֳĺͺܳ˼
ܳɿƣ΢΢һ̾˾ã߶̨
ԼҪڿַλ£ס
˵ʦãһ£ַλ֮XߣҾûԡꡣ
ƿ˿ϵʯ࣬ʮֿɬ
ոչգܳɻİַλˡ
Ǻã
ȻѾˣҲֻˣȰܳס˵
ƽӹλXһȻ˦˦Ƭӣ۾
ģ
۹
أ
԰ɣʦܳɷǳʱزһѵӸơ
ƵʱľͿɬܳɵƳ˼ۣ뿴ܳɵǲǹġ
ﰵ
ߴߴߣ
ʲôߣҲϼ֪
ҹ۵λöûҵġ
Ȼϸؿ˿Ƿֹǵ¶һģӰҲȷǲǹ۵λá
Ҳ˵Լûҵ۵ĵطɤӣɫѸλǰƬøҿ¡


ʮһ ̫ˣ
xia
⻰ܳŵе顣
ƵĵܳɵԤ֮⣬˾ĻͰѸλ꣬˶ȥˡ
ʱԼֻҪƿλƬӣ֤ԼĸλûͿԡ
ҪλǰƬӣ
ǻᷢԼԽַλԽַλˣ
ܳﻹô͵ʱ
ʱˣܳɺʦʱ֪ܳɵϼʸ󣬿ҲϳЩ
ȻæԼӰϴƬӵݸƣ˵ҽ֮ǰƬӡ
õǸողյһš
˵۰Ͱ͵ؿƣϣٴδƵĿеõȷеϢʵֺԼƲɹ
ַ˸λ˾ֲǹȻڣʹȻڣʯ࣬û취ʹԼǷЧ
ܳ߷ڸǰ֣΢ǰ죬˲幫֣˻
ȻƿλǰƬӣΪܻͷ磬ܳҲ֪ôȥҲ˶Ѿ˳ȥ
ԣֻҽˡ
ֻϧһĻԼҪ˽ַλͼˡ
Լòͨģ⸱õ¶弶ַλȻֻõһлֵҪ䳾ô
µĸҪ20ĸлֵ֮ǰķ10㣬ʣ1㣬ֵõһ㣬ܹ㡣
ܳɴǿµģ⸱󣬾Ͳַλġ
ߣٽӹ˸λǰƬӺ󣬵ʱһ塣
ģ۵λûֹǵжΣ¶Σ¶Ӱǹ֧ѪܵصӰ
λãƵͺΡ
Ȼɨɨܳɣ֣ܳǹİɣѸλôãԼô
ţţƵɫͱˡ
ٴϸĶһ¹۵Ƭӡ
ȻϽƬһգٿ˿λƬӡ
۾ٵգգ͡
Ƭӣϵϵ
һ˵
ôҽһֱעƵɫ仯ôӵĲĻŵһ
û£λõġ
㿴ǰƬӶԱȣǰĹۣǶܿɣˡ
ưͨ׶
ٿƬӣλѾˣ⸴λúܺãʯҪһ㰡ҽǽģҪõʯడ
¡һλÿԣЦʱŨˣæص
ˣˣ£һ֮ǻҪ︴һ£ʱֱҸ鰡ȥҺš
Ҫ˲ڵĻ͸ʿվ˵ҽģǻϵҵġؽ
ŶŶúúãллллҽֱƣ˻ĵġ
ոȥһˣ֪ǼҲ̫ĳҪߡ˺ܾòܿҽֱʡºܶ鷳
һҽš
ƾ͸ϽѲ˺ͼˡ
˺ͼ߳˿ҵţƵɫԱЩȻܳ˵һΰ칫ң
ܳҪλǰʱ򣬾֪Ҫ¡
ǸƵƨɺ棬ΰ칫ңȻǳʵعţЩؿơ
ֱӳõһȨ
ȻܳһţƾֱӰܳһߵָܳɵĶͷʵ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
˿̵ص㲢ܳɣҪܳԼ֪
֪ӦĲַλΥ˵ǰָϹ涨ܳǷǳбģΪʱҪģĲ𽵼
֪ǾмԴ
ܳɳĬԶԡ
˭ûмԴֻܳɸϣлֵµĸܳѾ˳ļ׼ַλġ
Ʋ֪˭뵽ַܹܳλн¶أ
Ƽܳɲ˵Ҳ֪ܳɿܻʶ˴
˵̫ˣ֪𣿡
ȻʱҲû㶮ôַλġ
ңӸλĽϿԿóʵġλǰĽųȥŵﶼ˶ƵĽʲôᡣ
ǣûУ
һȥλߺȥˣô
ζؽˡҺζﲻַλ˶û

㲻֪
˵⣬ͻȻǰģʱܳɻûںҲҽʦΪ˱ӣҲûߴߴַλ顣
Ͼμ˲֣˭ַλ
ƻǳ㲻֪Ҳǰǰͨһ𣿡
죬Ҳ˽ҪֱҸ顣
ȥ˺κ︴ˣ׼ôӦԣĺûУ
ܳ⣬ʱһ֮ˣǸʱܳɾԼѾܹõϿˡ
ֻǣܳû뵽κͺˣַλϣʲôĳͻ
Ȼ֮⣬Ϳ֪޹
ܳϳϴ󣺡˼ʦ´ο϶
ܳ׼˵´ο϶ٷɫһת˵ҲҪôԡ
ַλǹƲɻȱһ֮֡ǰΪε飬˶ȡ塣
üҽԺûַλʵҲǲԵġ
ֻǣ飬ܹȥٺͿģҪǸ֪Ȼɲȥ̸ԼʵҲеﻢ£һˣ֢


ʮ ӲɽҲ
ϵĲˣҪô˵ܳɾȤˣ۾
Ҫͷڿ￪չַλĻԼվ˷˰ֻܳǲ̶ϵС࣬ûʸȥĲˡ
Ҫǵص㡣ƸϽܳȥ鲡˵ͷ
ϺϵĲˣ̶ö˵ʲôܳϹɶ
΢ԥһ£ǵǰʱ̶θһ죬˵ϺҪڿַλʵҽԺĶλйء
ӦҲ֪ҽԺһְɣ
ܳͷ˵ţ֪ɳҽҽԺ
ط˳򣬹֪ڲ˽˸ȻܳҲҸط¡
˵ǵģǰҽԺɫͶλҽΪʱǿڣҲˡ
ֻǣϸ߰ʮңΪٴҽѧ𡭡
ƾȻܳ˵һ¿﷢չʷ
ԭڵɳаҽԺԭɳҽҽԺ͵ҽԺϲɵģϲкֻܶ࣬˵˹ǿйصġ
ǰĹǿƣֻһңľҽƷҲӲ̶Ŀ˵ʱһȺϽǣڹ۵ıϣǳʵڻĴͳɫ
Ҳòϵǣҽڹ۵ϣźܴơ
ΪһЩӵķԹۣͲַλͱƵģһЩǿַܹλĲˣĹܿҲȫ޷͹пλڹ̶ĲᲢۡ
ҹ۵̫ӣҿɿ֢Խ١ԽԽĲˣơǺʲô֢
ΪȺѡԸı䣬ʵҲִٴҽѧĳ£ʱҲòı䷽򣬰תٴҽѧƹۣһʱȷǻ˸ĲȺ塣
ҲĻȣָٶȵȣҲõ
ȻһͺñһûӴЩǰַλ
ö֮õʱҽԺַλɫôʧˡ
ƽŷǣҲˣȻǵĹǿҲͬչ˼ʮ꣬ǣڵľΪΡ
ʵɳеϴѧҽԺ϶û취ȡʡҽԺҽԺҽԺҲû취ȡ
ǻضʧ˶ҽԺɫڵĲʡҽҩѧĸҽԺҪٺܶࡣ
ĴλвٵĿȱ
ܳɵ˵ͷɳУȷˣ˿Ժ׵ؽܵʡҽԴ
Ȼ򵥹ۣʡͷҽԺδؾ˵ҽԺȶ١޷ϵǣڸӹ۵ڹ̶ϣɳеİҽԺʡڵĶҽԺǴһġ
ԿܹľһЩ򵥲ˣһǸĲˡ
ԴǺܶࡣ
˿ıԵĻеĲ޷ά֡ûвԴҽԺͲ̸ʲôҷչˣܰѳԲҽסͲˡ
Ȼ˵ȽʵˣҽֻһְҵҽҪҺڡ
֮ǰһʱɳаҽԺһЩǣͳֹһߵ¼Ǵһ󲨵Ĳ֮ǰεļȥȻԸȥԭǼο
ҲԶ
ʵڵĿңת͵ĹؼڡҹţǿƵΣǵĹǿƴΣΣҪһǿҵɫ
ǾڱƷϣܲͻƣȻһϣԱĲˡ
֮⣬ǻҪٴϣһЩͻơ
ͻƣҲֻмѡҪôǰѹ۸λڹ̶ˮƽȥ׷ɳеĶˮƽӲӲغǱƴʵҪôǶ辶ؿһЩʽ
ҵһǰȽŵķȻȥһ
Ҫôȥתתȥ˶ҽѧ߹ؽƵķչ
ֻתķ̫ˣļΣרҵĹؽƳһͱȽѡ
˵һЩ󣬱㲻ɫͣˡ
Щ㵽ΪֹͿˣҪܳ˵ˣǾԼ̫ܳɿСˣ˲̫ƽ
Ȼһתʵոˣôַλȥİ
ĿǰַλĲˣַλɲôŶ
ܳԣͽ˵ϸذַλĲߵģƽʱϲѰһЩַλ˵Ļȿ۵ķ͡
B2ͣȻШιǿ飬ڲȶͣǿͨ֯ǶШιǿ鸴λﵽȶĹ̶ټʯ̶ȫܹﵽϹƵĸλ͹̶Ŀĵġ
Ȼͣɹˡ
꣬ʱ˷ۡ
TMôģҪָ۵ԭġ
ˡ
ܳɿһƵı飬֪Լ˵Ǿ֣Ƹ
˵ˡ
ӲɽҲ


ʮ ʱ
ˣúֵɣص㣬Ҫçײ
ܳɵ̸Ȼһ˵ҽ͵һͨ˲ͬҪ÷޽ֹΪ
ûҪϼҽ֪ʲô飬Ȼʵ
ϾҪƨɵģҲϼҽ
ʦƿһζĻ
ܳ㶣˵ͷЦŻأõģʦˡ
ƿܳ⸱飬˳ȥܳһȽϿףгٺʲӲϼ鷳
βҽԺը㣬ܳҲա
õܳԹ࣬ҪѶж취Լͻ˺
ǽܻᷢ⣬ҲȻᷢ⣬ܱ֡
뿪ܳҲǿٵ뿪ΰ칫ңɲԵĵطҪǱηһֵҽ﷢ǲ̫õ顣
Ͼƣ⼸ΣҴΰ칫ң˵ܳСආˡ
ΰ칫ңǿλжء
ܳҽ칫ңΪֵҽϺͳԷʱ䣬ڰ칫￴飬һ־ְҵ̬ȣ
ȻҪʱÿϹεò˺ͻʿܹٵҵ㡣
ܳɲûϿʼ飬ǿʼϸĥƵĻ
ƵĻָġ
ΪʲôҪҿҵʷδһ滮
ڸԼָԽأ
Լӷ֮ܳɷ֣Ŀǰͼת͵ļ򣬼ֱԼıϰ
ȥ촫ͳַλҽƷɫҲã׷߾ļȥڹλ̨ҲãԼڶܶȥѽ
ڿȻؽƷѣΪϼҽʦǹؽƵĿưۿĻҲѽ
ڵĹۣͳĹпλڹ̶Ѿ治ʲôˣĴҶᣬҪ˵ˮƽﵽ缶ĸ߶ȣǻҲһҽԺˡ
ҽԺǰٲʮϵˮƽಢ
ҽԺɳаҽԺͬĹĲ죬
ĿǰۡС˷չǴ
Ƶָ㣬ⲻԼøģչôǲıˡ
ˣƾȻƵԲզģԺлˣǿԶЯЯ͵ͶұˡϾҲΪԼСˡ
ͨܳɱ㿪ʼһֵģ⡣
ܳеļ棬Ϊͳ˧ģֻ
ںϼܣпλڹ̶֫ۼۡڹ̶޹̶ƣ
۱պϸλ¶壩ɽ
ܿɽܲʧǷ
Ϊ۱պϸλѾﵽ¶˻½֮ܳǰһֱеæԻû浽ⷽ

ܳĬȷ
ļܣļܿɲ٣¶϶ܹòٵμܵİɣ
ܽɹ
1.֫ǡֲʾ飨
2.֫ʼʼνߵȼΪ
3.ַλ󿵸ָ飨ߵȼΪ
4.ؽڽʾ鼰ؽߵȼΪ
ܽϡ
⵽һõļܲϿںΪ¼ܣǷںϣ
һʾܳһ㶣Ŵϲ
֮ǰڼܿɽʱܳɾ֪μܣܾͿ໥ںϳ¼ܣֻǺܿϧ֮ǰֻһֱھܵȵȼ
Իûлȥںܹ֮ʲôջ
Ĳ²ͳˡ
ںϡܳٴĬ
¼ںϳɹӵй۱պϸλ¶壩ؽڽʾ鼰ؽ¼ܡ
ؽλλǰܿΪ´θģ⿪ּܡ
һܡ
¶ܣbug
Ҳ⣬¶һڹַλ켶ǿ¸߶ȵļܣǽμܶȼ
ںϵһµܡ
ⲻǷǳô
ؽλλ
КG
ܳɱ˵ǰǿһ͹ǿƶҵࡣ
ǿһϸ˵ӦǼơ֫ơҪҵ֫ĹԼ
ǰҽԺǿڽеĴͳң֫Ҳڹǿһ
ɵʱǿƶ½ԾͰ֫۷ָ˹ǿƶȻǿƶȥؽơǲơ
Ȼ㣬ϺҲ׵ؾͻԭҵΧĴ󲿷ֲˣȻ֫ĴΪؽڡǲƣ١
ĲˣҲ߿
ǰҲйؽλĲʱĲ˸Ļǹ۲ˡ
ؽλƣַλΪ¼ҽһ㻹ˣҪϼҽʦ
ûʲôЧ棬ۡ
Ҫ漰ĹؽλǼѴġʱĲԡ
˾԰Ѽ򵥵λˣŸͬɳصĵڶҽԺ
ӵĲˣǽȥʡҽԺЩڱȽʵҽԺ
ʵڴ򷢲˵ģŻϼҽ
ܳɣȴԲںʲôЧ棬˲ˣܴľʹˣԸһЩٵ棬ܳҲԻøлֵ˾˫Ӯľ档
õѹ
ֱǼʱꡣ


ʮ µ˼ά
ǷȷЯпλڹ̶ַλ¶壩ؽλַλʼģ⣿
ЯһΣҪȥģķ򣬲Ϊѧϰרŵļ
Ϊܳɷ֣ѧϰܵĹУӢ׵ĶԼӢճǳҪһģ᳢һ£ڹ۵ĸģ棬ܻܲӢܡ
Ϊģʱ򣬿Ը˼άȥģķ
Ŀǰٴҽѧÿרҵ۷嶼ڹ⣬ҲٴƵ컨壬ǻоĶϣҲӢдġӢܣҽѧԣǳҪ
ڵܳɣֻˮƽֻǣˮƽȫﲻȥĶרҵ׵Ҫ
ܹõӢļܣԿҰܹģ֮У࣬ʡʱ䡣
ĥ󿳲񹤣ʲôûõܳɵʧҲܴ
͵һԴˡ
˺ܶಡˣúƣ㿪ʼ˼Լǲǲʺҽѧרҵ
ĸĸ飬ҪתУĸĸʹһ٣㲢ûоʹ˷
㿪ʼѧӢΪ֪ҪףΪѧϰ¼֪ܵʶ
ÿռĶףڿĶרҵӢףһüܣҽѧӢ
һԺҵΪٴǿҲҽԺͼַˡѡһеĹ˾һСְԱ
㿪ʼԼдmetaص£ԴԼӢдˮƽشĶӢס
ɹһƪsciڸµĹУڲϵѧϰУѾҽѧӢҰѼ˾ͨ
ΪѾӵдsciľ飬ְˣȥһרŴдsciС˾
ʮ꣬нﵽ˶ʮĸĸҲĬתҵٶӸ档ֻϣɼҵ
ڶʮ꣬ѧϴд£ṩѧٵĻᣬߡд¶¼ܡͬʱ飬ΪҪҺڣҵڵѾˡ
ðɡ
ܳɿģϵ֡
תе˼άвͨġ

ѾСڸѹ£ѡսԼ㿪ʼ˼ԼһЩЦ
ʼתеһ𣬾һľ
ģ
ۺ֣ģ븱ݡ
ѡһ
䣺ͷҽѧmetasciһƪ
ܣҽѧӢ
תеĴ顣
ãôǵõҽѧӢ𣬲þС
ӢϾֻһŸԵļܣӢٺãҲܹٴܡ
ϣܳɾͿʼһֵģ⡣
һΣܳѡЯļܣֻйпλڹ̶͸ոյõҽѧӢ
ӵĹпλڹ̶ܿڿվ˽ŸһɹõԺ
ңΪĴڣڹϣõͬеϿɣҾ츳ĺã㿪ʼְоͬʱʼСпڹпλڹ̶о
оʦְоʾҵĻӭǿҽǵĿΣȥڵĵλȫƵĽĦѧϰ
԰
Լ˼άܵƣȻģ⣬ܹԼõ⣬ԸԼṩܶ˼·
˵ʦоӦþܽչѸ˰ɣ
ΪӵĹпλڹ̶յ˵ʦŶӣõʦֵǵϿɺ͸̾ĵʦ˳µͨʡҽѧǿƷֻᴴѧͬ顣
ʮʡҵ뢣ĿǰˮƽʡίԱᡢҽԺҽƼǿרҵĽڵļල£ǰȨޡ
ţչԡ
ٵõȨޣӵиᡣ
㿪ʼ͸㵼ʦҽʦʼͬʱһѧϰµʽʦֺʦǶܻõĴ
ĵʦ˵ǰ½չŶӿʼСпڹпλڹ̶
ܿ죬޶ۣͿʼֳһѧϰҽʦѾ˲СĽչȻδšĵʦʼ֮ǰѡǷǴģڵͣȻ㹻Ļᡣ
Ȼԭ̤Спڹпλڹ̶Ҫ̫ߡͬΣʦֵǣʼܹеһ֣˼άȻȼ˼
⣿
ң
ܳ
оģҪصԭλ
㵼ʦΪӣʼȰ˵㣬úûȥеļ㹻㰲ȶȹҪڡ
صԭĵλȻģԭλʵʵعꡣ
㴫ͳпͬеȻģ覴õģΪˣĿڱáְܿƵĽ
ȻģҪȥ޵뷨λ쵼οǵڿӰٴͬȥ޵롣
ȥħ˰ꡣȻһӳʱ䡣
ðɡ
оټӰĽޣûʲôʵԵջ
ʵ˵Ƕо˵ȥޣʵϣСпڵĹпλڹ̶δγϵͳۣûطڳ濪չڿУԾ˵㣬Ҳ⡣


ʮ ôôڣ
ϼҽʦ쵼ܾ룬ҿʼȰ˵㣬ֹͣڡҲ˵
ֻĬĬضԿʼУĶָףϵعֹСпչѧϰϣѵࡣ
ϵͳԵѧϰĽչʮֻ
ڣʮ꣬ļӲһֱǿﴴ˹۵ʵ죬˿ҵΡ
ﵽ۷壬ɳҲѾ˲С˽㵣δѧĸίԱܾˡһ˶ľ
ְˣҿʼѧʱĺѾˣҿʼɼңѾΪʽ𴢱
ҿ
Ҿ֪ܳɾʺܲҴȱ;ʱ̱˼·
ܳû취ģ⸱ֻܹṩһŵĳʼ˼·Щ˼·Ӱ죬ӿʼģ⵽ʮ꣬˶ʮꡣ
ʱԼôǿִ
Եģδҡ
ܽûͻƣһ㣬ԼҪԼޡ
ʮ꣬ź飬ʱԶں⣬ĿǰδɳСпڹпλڹ̶ѧϰоͬˡ
ʵ飬ֻ飬ǿʼաĶӺһܣϾ˸ӹϵ
⣿
Ҳе̫ɶ˰ɣ
ӣ
أŵӰӶûء
󲿷ֵĲƲԼĶӺŮȻϽڹƯΪ̫ûŶԸ㡣
ڰʮ֧꣬ҽҩѣ˽ͷ
ģ
ۺֵ֣ڴһڲϵطȻտɼΣ
ѡһ
ܣҽѧӢͨ
䣺Спڹпλڹ̶оչ
飺Спڹпλڹ̶Ĳ顣
ܳɳһ£ѡ˼䡣
ȻҲʮҪоչǴгʹͳпλڹ̶Ĺؼأǲ
ЩоչԼܹܿذѲֲ
ҪͻһܵļޣĲǿ϶ҲǲѧģȻãô
Сʱ󣬻һģĻᣡ
ܳɵҲãİСʱûмﲡֻλϿһ飬ģܿ͵ˡ
ķӵʱ䣬ϸĶһģ⾭
ٿ֡
ܳɸпԼʣѧϰеļܽȻһ㣬ѧϰ¼ȥʲôͻƣѡ
ۺ֣źȻʼЯܣܿרҵվ˽ŸһڲϵطȻһδܴﵽ˰
ѡһ
ܣСпڹпλڹ̶ȱϵͳۣɹ޷֤
䣺Спڹпλڹ̶ΪĴڲоչ
飺Спڹпλڹ̶Ĳ顣
š
Ҫúõѡˡ
Ȼٴѡоչǣȱļܣֵɲµоչ͡
ϾȱļܣҲǼܵһ֣Լ¿ֵʱѸվȽŸ
ңģ⸱ģУֹһεᵽԼģĹУǱִ˴ͳĹпλڹ̶˼ά
GǲԼЯʼܣԼȥټܵ谭
ܳɾòųĿԣΪÿ˶Լ˼άƣϰԵȥԼϰߵģϤ˼άȥ˼ͽ⡣
ԣһεǿԳԲЯܣһȥģһԡ
Ҳˡ

ģĻ󣬶Ͼƨƨߵش˿һظܳɴϡ
ȻȨҲ˿еϾܳɵڸʲôûҵڿҽ󣬾뿪˿ҡ
϶ܳ͵͵ȥƣѯʵʦҪֵĹУ˹ؽλĲˣԼԵ𣿡
꣬ʱüͷȻصӹؽλĲ𣿡
ؽλ˵ַλû˵ڿҲIķΧڡҪЩĻҾ͵һֱڿ￴㰡
ܸ㲻
ؽλַλ˵Ҳ򵥣˵ҲӡʵҲȥ
еΪѣոŸܳɽڿ۵ַλ̫ãܳɾڿؽλַλ
⵹һǳеϾؽλȷٴĹǿƲ棬ռȲС
ֻǣֲˣԼٽӴ
ҪƿţԼ˲ô죿
ҾҿһԡܳΪڴ˵
аɡջͬܳɵ˵
ܳڵļܹģһͲɶܳĻǻ粻Ȩ
࿪һЩˣҲǻ£Ҳ˶ԸĲˡ
ÿˣھλ֮ǰҪϸ֮󣬲ܽаƻԭ
ôôأ²ۣǰҲûô
ҽԺԺֵġ
סԺҽʦٴУϼҽʦĳ֪鼰ָ£ԿչIչϼҽʦ͵ȻǣĻܳɰѲ˸顣
˵Ʊǲ̶ǿ϶ư
ˣľʵΪΪѵģ
Ը⣬ܳһЩᡣ


ʮ 
Ȼ֮ջǾܳɳԹؽλַλҲԭġ
ϾҪתϼҽûйؽƿưģڶоʱ򣬿̤̤ʵʵڹؽƴֻֻ꣬оѧʿûüͲòɳС
ɳаҽԺⷽ棬Ǵͷʼġ
ңƻǹԺǿҪֿƵĻǿ϶ٵһؽƳ
ؽƺʹƽǹؽλ
ʱѹؽλŵˣΪơý˻ᣬٰѹؽλûΪؽĵһһѡġ
ңؽλַλҲڱƣ۵ַλ֮ͬ⻹һҽԺĶɫһá
õģʦܳȻʵʵص˵ͷҲƶĻ׳棬ȻƵ뷨
ʵʵǹء
ҽѧԼȦӣԼĹء
ڲƶ֮ǰڹǶԼıͬģеҽڹ£ҲǶԲ˵ıء
ºͷȶˣô˸ѡȥ˭أ
ңںĹ£ҲûпԴƹ;ֻ;ѡ
ǰܳɲãͨһεģ⣬֪ܹܳͨҽѧǿƷֻ󣬾ܹǰõȨǺȡһµġ
ҪʡҽѧĹǿƷֻᣬҪ·ˣƻ񣬾Ͳ̶֪ûʸ
еĻܹò̶ȸȥȻȥȡȨޣȷĿȡ֮
ȻڵܳȴֻΪԼְƹִһϣܳԼҲΪ⡣

ܳɸոƳĶϾܳˡ
ܳɸ磬ļиﲡˡǹؽλġ
ƵϼҽǽսƵģֱӴ绰˿ҪǵҽȥһˡϾ˵⣬ü
Ҳ⣬Ƶ񷱶ְֻ࣬Ǿ˼򵥵ѵϸˣЩϸ֦ĩڵ飬ûüϤ
㿴ȥǸʦ绰
ϾܳɣԼ⡣
ֵҽܳɣǼ򵥵崴ˣܶϾ͸ܳɻ㱨һ£ȻҾŪˡ
ɹؽλĲˣǰٽӴûϹ֡
ǶϾԼֵ࣬϶һ¡ֻܳɲѧϰģȻԼô졣
һּµθС
ܳ㶣ʼϾô˵ʱ򣬻ΪԼŹؽλַλԾԼˡ
մõȨϾв˵˼ƣɺϣ
ʵеɺϣʱдĹ¶Ҫɡ
ȥɣֵҽƴ绰ˣô㣬˻Ҫȥһµġܳ˼һȻҪƷߡ
ϾǾһܵûʲô壬ϾټĲˣ
ȥҲҪôҪôǰѲȰȥҽԺȻٸƵϼҽʦһԺĲôô
˵ܳɸ磬Լһ˰ڿٿ
Ŷãܳû룬ȻϾԼȥǾԼȥˡ
˳·ڵֵһˡ
һ㶣ȻվЩɵؿܳɣСܣ㲻ڹҰɣʵˣողŹһҵģ
ܳɲųȥҪһȥƿؽλĲˣɺϡ
ƺܻԼǱܳɸˡ
ܳɸϽҡͷ˵ûУǶϾϢģƸմ绰ʦҪǲŵĻȥʿվ֤
䶯һ˵ǻûҪвȿ˵
һ·˼ơ
ȻƾͺƵҽҽһ£ԷϴѧҽԺƵоҵɳеڰҽԺļƹ
ڰҽԺƸְְĵ졣
ø߸ݵģȦźȦ۴ҲС
ҪôֵాҹģҪôǿ鰾ҹġ
ʦߣΪûѪҾԱߵĴҵһ˼ʦһ֪߿ֱӰѲ˽ȥѩʮֱǸظƽ͡
ѩϴѧҽԺļƣǱߣﲡ˵ļ̣ʮֹģڰѲ˽ȥֵҽģÿҶаҽԺڵסԺҽʦרŸܼ
Ȼﵰֻۣǵûϵ˼ﲡˣרƵҽƻġ
û취ϵͳԼﲡ˵ĻƶȾô涨ģ㲻˵ѩĴ
ܿͿˣXƽƬֱߣϸƬûзֹֻۣǱȽϳļؽǰλˡܳɾԱ߸һƬ
ѯʲʷǰλĲʷ
Ȼܳɸ飬һƬһϸȷҪȫųԹۡ
ȷؽλʷ飬飬һ١
ȷ
ƱԲ˵ǼؽǰλҪַλҪȥǹǿƵĲȻ˳ǩ֣ǲַܹλҴһʯ࣬Ȼ󡭡
õġȻûҪȥǿƲΪ鷳иרҵҽˣͬ˾ǡ
֮ǰһֱŵúܣ˼ԼǲûˣҽԺûҶҽ
ܳɵ˫һֱŻߵĻ֫ȻͷԻָ
õģл˶ܳɵʾл֮ʡ
ͻȻ
أ
գ
ͬʱ𣬷˶ˣ


ʮ ˸ʲôλ
ͻȻоԼ߼һʹһʹľ
ߵļͻһÿոУʱڣԼ֣ԼĸоҽѧרƼϣп־ʹ
ͻȻʹʶһƫݵʹĶͷϸˡ
ʮίԹסԼĸ첲ЩŭؿվԼֱߵܳɡ
ܳɵĸ˶һͲСԼһֻ֡
򲻹
TM£˵
ͬʱƺѩ˶סˡ
ûʲô״
ѩľͰͷӲתƣʺš
ˣڸʲô
ǿܳɡ
ܳϷſԼ˫֣ǶԲ˵Ŷһֻ֣
ʹң
ˣ֮ǰͶˡ˵̫á
ﶼˣոôһ£ҵ²ٱȥҾͲջˣ㻹Ҷ㵽ûģ
ֻˣ㿴Һҽ
û£㶯һ֮ǰλˣӦǸλȥˡոյʹǸλеĿ־ݴڻʧԭеʹҲϻ⡣
˵ĶԲԣܳһ˵һٸʾ
ѧ̧
ܳɴ˿ٲȻѾ˽ɫѹû˼ȥƺѩ˵ı顣
Ϊּ򵥵ļؽǰλʵ̫򵥲ˡ
ؽλٴϼΪĹؽλ
ؽǰλΪؽλģ
ӵȵȼؽλַλܳɣֶԸİ취ᡣ
ҪһܳɶԼؽǰλ̬ȵĻǾ
ٴϣؽλλַáձ鲢дڽ̿ϵľǽŵ
ѧHippocraticλֻٴϾŵ
λķǣڽ㲿ڻҸѣԻ߽ǣͬʱתŹͷ
ַܾҲܼ򵥣ĸλɹʻԣֻǴڱȽϸߵı۴ǣˣһΪѾˡ
ٴʹΪʡҼõλλ
þվ˻ߵĻߣλȫʡ
ʱѡҲǡô
ؽλ˸λѵڹؽڲλ˻ʹҽ䱸˼÷ǳء
Ҫ渴λĻҪֿΪʹӦԼͻ߽䱸ԵļⱣҪڼ߼ҩ£ǣȻλ
ٴоԷ֣䱸ԲıҪΪʹӦԵ
ˣѡڻ߲⡢ȫû£иλʱ
ոջ˵ܳ߻ģظָҪȥĵطò֪Ҫȥơ
ȫԴﵽ䲻Ч
ȣǶһкͻ
ȻЩֻ֪߲֪ܳԹؿܳɣȻĿƳ͸ơ
㵽׹ܲܣ
ȻȻһͶˡ
ĿƵʱ򣬵ҲԸоԼ򴦵ʹԽ΢ʹεĻ
֮ǰλʱʹмСոһʹͻȻھֻСˡ
ܳ˵ˡ
Լĸо϶ƭԼ
ǻ߽Žɵؿʼ˻֣
̧
Gá
չҲС
Ͼ٣Ҳˡ
ʱߵһƺܳɣϱúöˣҽҽ⣿
ˣ
ܳԾͻ˵֮ǰǹؽλؽλҪ֢״ʹͻޡ
ҲˣѾָˣԼѾоʹҲмĻĻôǹؽλѾλȥˡȻȥĸλX߸һ£ܵõ
Ҹո֮Գ㲻Ϊ˼ķٽ䱸Եļͺñȡ
ܳɾͿʼϸؽʵҲģ⸱ĺ֢ӵļܣȻԼƹ̺˼·ظ֪ߡ
ûԼҲ뵽ιܹöŽаѳߴͻ׼ȷ
ĻֻҽԼ棬Լо׼İգԼȴ㲻̫ǾǹͨĹûá
ܳɵĻžеɵˡ
ģ߶û˽úƹء
ƾֱˣ
Ȼ֮󣬻ҵһֳĽѧ
ͰͰͰ͵ģͦе
һסҽʦҪݽѧҷ˻ˣ
ܳɰѽ꣬εر͡
Ȼһܳɽݣôһִ
һҪؽλӣ
ֱܹ۸ܵģѩȻҲܸܵʱе
ҿʲôλ
ұΪϴѧҽԺоôҲǳԹйٴġΪߣܹúʩչһȭš
ɰҽԺһҽڶôţˣ
ַλҪϼֳнѧ


ʮ ٶβ
ҽ鷳˿һX߸ɡƿܳɶ˽Ϊεص
ȻеܳôɴذѲ˵ĹؽλλȥѡʱʱѡĽͼ۷׼ǳ㡣
ʵϣܳɻǸһ̣
Ҳ̫Ҫˡ
ѩĵ˵ͷ˵õģʦؽλַλ
ҿǿִأǿԼշѰѩΪѾڼְˣԶԲ˵ľѾʮˡ
ƿصרƿƽлҲԽרƵƣÿһƣҪҽÿҽҪѡִпҵġ
ͺñȣǿƵĹؽλַλִпҿԿƣͲϹأΪƵҽʦԭϽûȨйؽλַλġ
Ȩ޵Դңֻǹǿơ
ҲǹǿЧһ֡
Ҳ鷳㿪һɡ룬˵
ҪҽҪɷѣӦ飬֮ǰģܳɰ̸ˡ
ɲһ⻰۾һתϱ˵飿ҾҲøˡ
ҽҽλҽллǰ
ǿǺҽڸоá
˵ֻ꣬һԼ磬ʣоʹѾʧˡ
Ȼ˸߲ҵƵȥˡ
飬ʲôؽλַλҽշѵ飬ֲֻᣬЩˣô˳뿪ˡ
ܳɿһĻ㶡
ˣ
ûдǰ۵أ磡
ܳҪ׷ȥƾһܳɣҡҡͷ
ѩʣʦҪôŪҪ˽лô
ҡͷпôŪ˶ˣ㻹Ʊ˵𣿡
˵ѡǷнһԼѡȥĸҽԺƵɡ
ѩĵ˵ͷҲ֪ʵΪΣΪǿѾԲ˽ƣûüҽԹǿƾղãңǰ˿ҽδɷѾˡ
Ҳ˵ʲô˿˵ûƣûɷѣƾʲôƣ
ȻѩʶƲ˵ƣƸˡ
Ʊֻ͵͵ذܳɴˣһĲҲߣⲢѩˣѩĹµġ
ȥ·ϣܳɱʶԼ˸С
ȻԼõĸлֵѾ֣һ˿ǰˡ
ʦҡܳһߣһ׼͡
ĵ˵ûʲôһǵһǡ
ٴ̫ˡ
ٴͬٴ顣
еٴ飬ڲĹܴԼ飬벡˴򽻵ľ飬ǷȱҲ㣬ûƵľ
ѵΪҽԺǿҽ̣ǿЦô
ܳɻûЩ飬ܳɵõļܣһ֪ʶѧʣֻһżܺ۵ϣﵽĲΣǸģḷ̌ԼӦļ䣬ȴûеġ
ҽҪʵǿ벡˺ͼĹͨͽҲʮֱҪġ
ȻܳⷽԣȴܿƵ˼
ҽԺҪȹҺţȥĿңҪҽɾͽҽƹϵûҽƹϵ㻹ܸ˽ơ
Ľճ⡣
ȻдﲡͿҽˣ㼴ҪԲ˽еһƼƻ
֪ͬȨ
֪飬ҪҽĲ棬Ҹ֪ˣ㵽׽ҪʲôļƣȻǲ˽ɷѡ
ڲûɽɷ֮ǰǿĬΪͬ¸Ľġ
ɷѲŴͬĽ顣
ò֪ͬ£ܶԲ˽ƻ߼飬Ļһ˵ˡ
ܳǰپͼﲡˣ󲿷ʱ䶼ܵģܳɾͲ̫סƸ˳⣬Щ飬У޷Ĳ裬ʲô⡣
õģʦҼˡܳɵ˵ͷ˵
Ҳ˵ͷȻתͷʣոַλλɣ
ţܳɵͷ
ЦЦܳɣؽǰλַλڽ̿дŵHippocraticλַλֻйؽרҵҽӴ
ҲЩ꣬һһЩƵĲˣôİ
ܳɵɫԽ䱸ϾͻظҾռЩַλķͽѧƵλҲǼؽڳİַλеһ֡
ϵǰ
ܳΪţרŻưٶһ£ϾҳӦַλƵ
ƣ
İٶѧϰ
һЩмʶĲ˶Ұٶȿֳʾٶβ
˵ˡ
ֲǲᣬһĶɱࡣ
ô΢ܺ͹ؽƴϱߣҲǹؽƵСͽˣԺչչ㣬ʶʶĹؽƵ


ʮ 
Ҳȥʵף֮ǰܳôѵֹƽ̨ϣζΪȵĸλ
̶û˵ʲôƾʲôȥЩģ
ңƽʱ͸ûȥעܳɣ˻ҲûܳɣܳҲûҪϸػ㱨Լ׻ЩʲôôЩ
ԸҰɣⳣĹؽڸλаЩƸոտܳɵַλ
ʱշǳãԹؽλλҲΪ͸ˣԾܳɵƨɺ©ˡûҪÿ˶¹ס
ЩˣƽĹܴҽҲŲԼϱУûܣֻҪܹܳѹؽڸλãҲû˻ܳɡ
⣬еΪѵܳˡ
ؽλкܶУմС֣дؽλؽڡŹؽڡϥؽڡؽڵȡ
Сؽλָؽڣؽڡ
Ҫϸѷֳмʮ֣ϰ֡
Щؽڵλַλܳɲ඼ᣬΨһȥֵģܾǼĹؽλˣĲַλܹġ
ܳɱʣʦָķأ
ģӦöû⡣
ƺܳʱѾ߽ݣǰ׼ǿƶڵ¥㣬˿ȥһֽӲס
عͷһֿܳɣúЦ
ģӦöû⣿
仰Ҷ˵֪
ţ»
ؽλأһ߰ݣһĵطʡ
ؽڣ־Ϊֿڡ
ɸǺɵĹؽڣǺǶ㲿ƹǡ
ؽڣؽƶ漰ݣרҵƵҽܰλס
ƣּΪרҵѧƣĪɳаҽԺˣʡҽԺϴѧһҽԺĹǿƣĿǰûϸػֳרҵ
ڸؽڵλĿǰֻĽڲиλġҪַλģƵħ߾мΪרҵƵĿҲС
һĹǿоܹ㲿ƹǡШǺֺǵĽʸͲˣиؽʣôλ
˵ʵԼ̫
֮ôʣ֪֪ܳĵն֪֪ߵغ
ܳͷ˼һ¡
ţؽڵַλȻΪ鷳ʵֻҪѸؽڵĸҲǸǺļ⼰ʹθַλҲѰ
Ƽܳһϸ˼ͺģ΢΢ҡҡͷֻ
ֻǵΪܳɶ֪˶ѣûܳõ𰸡
ܳ˼аӣѸؽڵͣһһ˿֮󣬷ǳصػشֻҪַλӦΧڵģӦöõ¡
ƵʱӾ崻ˣӵ崻ɵĵһֵʱԵʧȥңֻ˳ȥ
ȻŵƵʱչʾĸ̥ʮ٣ֻϷ
ֻһŰֻס
תͷ۾𣬶ƽ壺˵ɶ
ееŹ֡
ܳɱƵ˼˵ûɶʦ˵Ĳˣϸ绰
ⶮ¡
ȻƶûܹλؽڵĻôԸˡĲҲ࣬Ҳôϣ㲻ĲַλҲʧʲô
ðȥܳҲаգֻҲ˶ٸлֵһȰıǩ
òʧ
Ƽܳɻش𣬱ϰ֣˵ĲˣǧҴ绰ֱӸδ򣡡
ԼǴ˸ؽλģ
ܳ溰ˣܳɿŲˣ˿ԼԼٿܳɺͲˡ
ǷΧѽ
Ҫֻܲ
ƿɲȻλܺ˭֪᲻ʱ
һˣʱܳɰԼȥֲᣬǵʱΡ
õġʦֵܳͷ
ˣƶҺܳ˵ˣоԼܳ˵ʱȫûаϼеƣȫǵرܳǣűߡ
ֲţţҲϲǣűӵĸо
ǻص˿⽻ܳһ䣬͸Ͻˡ
Ͼҽ칫ǳϲЦտضܳ˵ܳɸ磬˰
ո˸ˣһ崴ģ׵ĿӡҪ绰崴ˡ
ܳۿŶϾڲź֪ͳ绰˵ĻԾԲģ˵ûϵϾСӣһȥ崴Ͼͺˡ
˶ȥûҪô̡
ܳпȻҪ崴ϣøˣûҪԼŶϾôȥộܳڿĴƵġ
һ̨崴ϣܳɶԣһѡ
ʱ䣬úõع滮һºĸģ⣬׸οֱȽϺá
ͬĿѡֱӰ쵽ͽ


ʮ ҽ
ܳڱддǺ߼ģҪһЩ֡
Ҳ±ܹ
ֻǣƨɶŸȣٴˣź˵ܳɣ˸ﲡˣǹؽλġ
˵ǼƵѩҽǿƵġ
˵⣬Ϊѵ˵ǿƶܾûĲˣȹȥҸ޴绰
ְ࣬ܳɽѵʱ䶼һãĹؽλĲˣʮ϶ڴ
ʱǺʦ˽ǰƳޡ
ܳɾվ˵㣬Ȳ绰ȥ˵ɡ
֮ǰʦոոҽؽλĲˣҿԼַλ
绰ͳˣ׼ͨѶ¼ƣܳôһ˵ﶯס
۾ܳգգͣʣļٵģܳɣɱڲң
ܳһߣһߵ㣬㻹϶ʦô˵ˣҲŸ˵ġȻĻҿɲΥв
⻰Ҫεġ
һܳƽյϰߣҲǡܳǸȽˣոõ˿ĵĻߵ˳λһȨޣôؽλַλҲǲ⡣
£һʱ֪û˵ܳԼܳеΣ
϶С
ҵȻûԥؾ͵
ȥæʲôҪĺĲģǵð
˵ţȹܳһʿվˣȻ;˽ֵҽѾˣϾܸˣõˡ
˺æվܳɡ
ܳɾһϸѯʣȷ˻ߵĻϢͲʷ
ߣУ46꣬Ҽؽʹ1Сʱ
ĿǰĽҼؽڷΣؽڴѹʹǰ¿ɴŹͷѿ飬ؽڻޣԶ֫Ļо
Σ˼壬Ǽؽλһ־Ե
ȴԵŹͷλؽڵľѿ飬ԻȷǼؽڵǰλ
ؽǰλΪĹؽλ治١
϶ǲȷؽλģҪϸŲԵĹ۲С
Xߣ˵Ѿˣϵݸܳɿ
ƬϻѾȷˡ
أܳûߵļﲡ¼ʷȻϸƬ֮
ϼƷϸд˲ϣ֪ߡ
ǰǼؽڵǰλҪиλơ
˵ҽϽһ°ⶼʹˡ
ҲǵǰҽҴʹ˿һСʱˣǵһʱҽԺʮˡʹʵܲ˰
ܳ˵ȲżΪڵĸλưַλλ֣ףǸһ°칫ҡ
ҵϸظ˵һ¡
˻ߵĵܵܣʮӣĸ׳Ǹӣǻ˵ʲô˵ǿ϶ͬưϽΰ
ܳ˵ͬƻַƣƣסԺǰ飬Ȼ
ϾͿԸǿסԺ֤
Ͼ͹۾䶯ҸҪ𣿡
ȻԼϸ磺
棬Ǹҽôİ
ܳɱֲ˵꣬ô֪ѡʲôʽأֲҵȻȸеװ
ΪַλλǿѡƷʽֻԼѡҽԺֻṩҽƷ񣬲ܴ˵ֻƣǲ
ǰֻ֮ܳѡȽȽ
˺ϸܳɽ֮ǩԼ֣ڼﲡļﲡ·дԼּҪַλ֮
ܳɲָ˿ҽɨ뽻ѡ
Ŵ˽ڶҡ
ңʵڵ䡣
ܳɺͲ˽ȥʱþ˶Ͼǰ没˵崴꣡
ܳ̸ǩֵȶֳ˲ʮӵʱ䡣ټ֮ǰʱ䣬ϾѾһ̨崴ˡ
ܳɴ˽ңϾɹƿһۡ
ȻͿһĻ
ܳһ߷ŻߵĻ֫һ߷Ը£Ȼ˵Ľ֫ŷŵ˼鴲ϡ
ϷһҽС
궿ˡ
ϾϽͷ˻ȥ
ؿ첽߿
ͣԼؿڡ
꣬ܳɾȻڱҽ
УҵøϽȥʦ㱨
Ȼǻġ


ʮһ 
ϾĿǰƣǳϾ
ܳɼֱ̫ˡ
ҲֻǸҽʦͷڿԽ͵͵ظһС崴ϣȻûע⡣
һЩһ
ⶼͱʵȥͲˡŹɲһʵİ
ոǸ˴ĲҽУϾС
⻹ˣ
ֵܳ࣬˳λֵ߰࣬ܳɴ˵Ĳ˾ҲãܳҲգǸŲ̶ġ
һȥٱҪľϵĴͷ硪
̶
ȥ͸͸
ȴѾˣ˶ϾڿѲһȦҲûҵ
ǣϾֻ߽¥棬͵͵ظƴ绰
ʵ飬ֻõƵ棬˽˵£绰̫ʡ
¥ݣûã11¥˭ûʮһ¥Ĳ¥ݣ
ͨ绰֮ƽˡ
ŶϾϾͰԼľ˵һ顣˵ʦҾе㲻̫ʰոǸʹÿ϶ˣ᲻ȥٱ
ܳɸַе㱩
ʱڿӵĵ绰ֱϵǳôº󣬸пһ
˵ˣ֪ˣ㲻ùܡԼͺˡ
ͬʱҡͷϾٴϣǷ˲ٵĻ򰡡ȻǹؽƵо̶ҲǹؽƵĿưܳؽλַλûס
ֱӴ绰ٱˣ˵Ūģ
Ͼһ㶣ʣʦ
ǿҲҪĹػİɣ
һ˾ٱˣʱҽƲǲʦܱʦˣһҪˡ
Ͼ˵ԣǲûԼڽʲôҲһʱûǵԡ
΢΢̾һһߴ̣һЩ۵صϾ
ʵɣܳڸؽλַλ
ַλǸȥҴģҪȫ飬ķòܳ͡ɲѡ˷óɱͣЧĺõһַλʱѡʽ
˵⣬ƾԼ˵̫ˡ
Ȼ㲻ǹؽƵоǹؽҲǹǿƵһ֧пգҲ΢ⷽ顣
˵һ𿴼ҲӴʮؽλλĲˡ˼ܳȫǿԼѧġ
ʲôûԼúɡ
ˣǧֵȥ
ûʲôô
˵ƱֱӹҶϵ绰
ƵһξãϾˣе̫С˵Ļ̫ࡣ
֪ԼúԼ飬źúѧϰרŸЩͶѵʲô
ǰɣϾȻǲ̶ѧȡѧϰᣬöϾΪ˱Ƚ磬ԼԴƣҲ˳ֶΪΪȡ˲ٻᡣ
ԼȫǶġ
Լʮιؽλַλһ鶼
žȫƴ绰æģǰġ
Ҫ뷨һ
Ļ΢飬ڸô
ٷܳɣ²ꡣ
Ŷ˽졣
ܶģԲúѧʣúõѧˣ˳ֵ׼ģлᣬܳ˷𡭡
ѧҲҽѧһű޿Σ΢ʲôȥŪԼȥڱԼܹһǻԿġ

Ͼ¥ݼ䣬ɫе԰ס
óƽȻˡ
ԭ
һԼܳɣȻܳʲôûףȥܵ顣
ڶ϶ԼиƴС棬е㶯
׺󣬶ϾʱЩڵԼĶͷԼϾϾ̫ɵ˰
ֻʦ᲻ܵǣ϶ʦﲻˬİ
»ذ
ϣϾ͸ƷϢ
һϴϢһǵǸϢ
ϴ͵Ǹ棬Ͼûи֮󣬶Ͼ߳¥ݼ䣬ȻЦӯӯӭӲ2ҳܳɣ˵ܳɸ磬ַλ˰
ұæţ˸绰ҽӵ绰ȥˡ
ܳɲûϾǺ˭绰飬ֻ˵ʦַλʱ򣬾ұֻԣȨҿԵĸλ
ⱨ档֮ǰʦҲҲȨ޵ġ
ܳñϾᡣ
Ͼ˵
ܳɸ磬ûⷽ˼Ҷֵܡ
ŶϾѹʣֻܳɸ簡иûף
˵ԺʱĿ˾ǹпλڹ̶
ڴҴ඼ⷽ򿿡
ôԹؽλַλȤأѵǵõʲôСϢ


ʮ saiؽڣ
СϢûа
ˣȻÿһԣûʲôر뷨ܳգգۣ޹ϵؿŶϾ
ܳʵǲƸĻ˵˵ԺҵĴŷչ
Ҫܳ˵Ӱ˶ϾԼķĿꡣ
һʵ
Ѿ˽ģҪԺһҪһ̨۵пλڹ̶II
סûʸõȨģ
һоû취ڸձҵʱյģΪҲõȨ޺ͻᡣ
ĳ̶ֳ˵ԺоҪ󶼸ߡ
ǰҽԺϣܹͨ취ȥϼҽʦᲢѧϰܡ
ܹչƵ
ܳɲȥһΪڹпλڹ̶ϣѾﵽǿĿǰûܹﵽͽӴĲ㼶
ֻҪճ棬΢һ˿ĻܳɣܳɾܹٵرϿɡ
Ͼаһǹ۵ıպϸλڹ̶ΪǿǸְݶڹ̶ˡ
ȻܳɾðѶϾ֧ȥؽλַλ͹۵ַλֱӷϵһ֣˻ǲҪô޳ܵġ
ϾЦŻ˵ܳɸ粻ܳɸ磬ص湻Ĺ
۵ַλؽλַλ
Ҹѧϰľˡ
ܳ⣬ȥˣҪ˺˽ȻĽһҪٿһ۲뿪ҽԺɲëëֱŻؼҡ
Ͼһ·ţһֵϾʣܳɸ磬ؽλַλ飬ʦ֪𣿡
ϾǰǿﶼƵĲ˵ġ
ϾȻûڿڸಡˣܶΡ
֪ʦ֪֪Ҹʦ˵ˣʦûиʦҲܳɵȻֻܰƵϡ
ҪøлֵϾľò̶֪ıҪôԼ̶ȥ
ܳɾöϾҲôＸζؽ򣬽ҲϹ
ַλĲˣôΪﴴء
ϾüͷҲû˵ʲôֻǻһתصܳɸ磬ʲôһ˳ĸ뷹
԰аɡܳ˳ƾʹֻ
˳뷹ģرཷζһҽڲ߿һҡ
е󣬻ûɶë
һݸǽʮǮͷѾԪ״򲻶ıۡ

Ѿˣˣܳɸ磬ظˡϾģۼֿ죬ֱӰѵˡ
ܳҲԾת˿ȣAAԷͺȿ˰ɡ
һֱͿȼͬʱ͵ûвţϾƨƨߵرȥò͡
ܳǰԼдճ鷿¼ϸؼһ飬оû֮󣬵˱֮ϴһֵ֣ҷߡ
칫һ¶ǲԷģȻĻʳĻζʵڲİ칫
ϾѿȺ͸ǽõֵҺϷָܳһݡ
Ҫ򿪣лʿˣܳɣﲡˡ
ȥܳɸ磬ȳԡϾվȻƨƨߵֵȥ
ܳɿŶϾıӰǳ˳ȻŰѿ
Ͼ
򿪸ǽĸӣһζ׷ζ˲Ϯͷϵζ٣ҺϷڵֵ

ܳɲûڣ֭Һڿǻŵʱ򣬶ϾֵſڣЩε˵һؽλĲˡֻǱôдˣû
ܳɸ磬ɡ
ǹؽλĲˣöϾ΢еʧġ
ֲˣ׼һˡ
дʲôؽλֽܳ죬Ȼѿֹϣվ״Ӿֵߡ
ʲôsaiؽڣһɡŪúܡϾһ£Ȼ˵
Ҿã԰ѲֱӴȥҽԺǰҲġϾȤ
saiؽλ
ؽڰɸ磿
ôǹǿƵĚG
ܳüͷȥ˵ɡ
ֻǲ֪˵ַܲλ
ƲĲ˻᲻ᴦû뵽Ĳˣͳˡ
ĸؽλȽټÿûйۣǴһûй۵Ȳ֢״Ļźַλ
CTûУܳʶϾ
㲿Ĺǣֶֶ̣һصһͨƽƬĶۣһѡCTάؽܸõеûԵĹۡ
ԵĹ۵ĻǻҪȥո˴ſʹ˳̶ô
֢Ӧ
ַλӦͽ֢ðյװ׺ܱ֤Чɲçġ
¶ַλҲڷַλӦȥַơ


ʮ 뻯һͷޣ
ܳĿǰӵܣ۵ַλ¶弶
ԽظоٴУΣǼΪбҪġ
ȶ壬ϡ
֮Ҫ͡
ֻϸضλȸּбȽϽķܹͣõذյ׸ôȥơ
Ӧ䡣
˵ٴеĶͷͶûֻǵظʽȥõĻ϶ٴġ
ٴҽѧһѭ֤ҽѧҲһžԵҽѧ
ѭ֤˼壬׼֤ݣպüǰĳ߶ȣȻݼͣ׼Ƶĵ㣬ܿ
֮Уˡ
һҽӦ֢޷ղߴĻ
Ի
һҽƣͺñȿ˹ֱۣԣʵҲǶҽԴ˷ѣҲ˻ߵľø
çײơѲַλĲˣַλְ߱ݶڹ̶Ĳˣȥÿڶڹ̶װȥˣǽȻ֮⡣
ΪһٴҽԼҪٴдŵĸ⡣
ηģ
֮⣬ܹƵĹУõذסĻǾ̶ܹȵؼⷢ
ͺñ㲿ĹۣڵXϣڹӰصѱԶ׼Ĺ߸ס
ԵĹûмʱ֣ôͻɲɺӵĺ֢
ǣȫXųۣͨۺֶų۵ĻôͲCT
չˣƬϾϽѲ˵ļ˳ҰCTͬƽƬһһܳɹá
Ȼ˹˵CTûдۡ
ҿ˵רҵĹǿҽȫCT档ܳɴ˿ѾɫȫûʶڶԶϾ˵ĻʵӦϼҽʦýġ
ǿһ¹״棬ǾǡǸǡtouǲ档
Щƽ棬ǿԿʵãû⵽ƻҲûߣųۡ
ңϾ㿴ʸ״ǻԿؽ氡˴ô2cm
бߣ2cm൱ʵ0.4cmλķϡ
ôݸؽλԭ򽲣ǿԽַλģַλӦ֮ڣ԰ɣ
Ͼգգ۾ľȻ
TMô֪
ؽλַλӦ
ܳɿϾ飬
ðɡ
ǶϾģ⸱Լ̵ЩѧǣˣΪˡ
ԱߵĲܳһжĴƣæЦʵҽţزذ
ҸոѾˣλûйۣ
ǿԽַλġ
ַλҲеķգ㲻ԸķյĻôҲѡӱյơ
˵ʱΪ
ôҪ
ϾҪȥһ֪ͬҺͲ̸ܰȥ˿һҽȻһ
ܳٿһ»ߵͣ˵12.5cm75cmʯɴ
ʯͺſ10cm12.5cmͺţ˵Ϊ׳ʵҪѡһͺš
ŶãϾ㶣ˡ
ֻڳŵʱ򣬶ϾĶ΢壬Ϊոһִ
Ǿʦƽʱڸιؽλʱ򣬺ûܳôɡ
ҽüΪϸ£ֻԼûסѡ
һеֵ뷨ûɵĵð˳
Īǣ
ܳɱƵľ绹Ҫߣ
Ͼҡҡͷ
ƶܣԲܣô飿
Լô뷨أ

Ͼҽӡ˶ά룬ŵòɨ븶󣬾ʹӲʯ߷Ӳϣ׼ߡ
Ʋ֪ʲôʱתƻ˿ңϾʯ֪࣬вڡ
СϾһ¡
Ͼ˿ܳںͲ˵ǳƱ˱Լʯࡣ
ȹһ¡Ƽ֡
ϾҲȥˣܳǱ̸߲϶Ҫһ
ƸǰϾǳʦܳɸʯ
ǸʲôˣʶϾ
ְܳѹ۵ĲַλŪȥˡ
Ͼûֱ࣬ӻصŶǸؽλĲˡ
һͷСʺš

ؽλ
Ĳ˰
ϲ˵˵ѣ
ˣʦҪҪȥһ£Ͼô˵ʱһƫƫӣÿλá
һתͷ˲䣬Դʮ־ʵһĻ
nia
ȥȥ
Ͻ
ȥˣе顣նػһ䡣
Ļʲôʲôؽڣ˵ַǴؽڵСؽλ
ĲǹؽƿưĲ
ʵǣⷽĲˣ඼ƺƵĲˣûôӴ
ȥȥ黨Ŷ
һܳҽѧַλTMΣ
ʱܳҲ̸̸ˣûȵϾӲ߳󣬵һʱ䳯ǻʿվ򣬿һߣһתͷѲӶϾͷ˶Ͼں˵
ܳһ̾Ǿ˵һתȥһ߽˵ʦ˸˵ĸؽλĲˣһɡ
Ƶ֫ڲ΢
ꡣ
ʱ뻯Ϊһͷޡ



ʮ ³ܳɣ

ֻΪôһܳɣŹѡһر
ô˵ˡ
رƫҴ̻ĹؽλΪܳɣ֪ߵغģû˵Լ֪ͻᰡ
ܳȻ֪˿ĵ뷨ֻǣôɵˣƻҶϾ˵
Ҳ֪ƺͶϾ˵Щʲôʹ󷽷ظ֪ƣһлֵһ㡣
һлֲֵһҹֱӴʲôСĿꡣ
Ͼ˿ֿʼ˰ǻǰʦһȥ£
ܳɸҲʶһַλոջ˵ϧû
ϾƨĹ򲻴ǡôȹ˼ɵܳɵĸܣҲԼ뷨¶˳
ؽλϾûô˵ǵָ˵ˣԼеΡ
ȻܳҪַλ
ˣҪԼʦƨô
ưѰѹأܼٵƵķգҲΪͽܵĶʦһء
ûпƵĻôϾҲȥС飬ò
ǾýԼǲû
ΪʲôҪܳٴϻ᲻ʲô£᲻ͻȻҪļֻǳ˸ͻؿأ
ڼһͲô
ѾڲˣΣҲֻӲͷƤȥ˰
Ǻðɣһȥû취ˣֻ롣
ȻҪѲҪѲֱӶ̶ˡ
ҪôͰѲ˴ߡ
ϾЦŵGʦģոܳɸѾ˵XߺCTˣ顣
λûйۣλľǰԵƽ0.4cmַλӦΧڡ
ƵĽһ΢ɲ顣
ϾѺźˣ
²˳ˡ
ɫΪӵؿ˶Ͼ
ܲ˵ô
ҵĿ
ܳɰѲǩͬͼﲡݸưѹأȻ˵ʦҼ¼Ĳ࣬ҪǲĵĻǾ¼һ飬ٸһ㡣
ƽӹﲡ
üһﰡǳ׼ļﲡдʽʷ򵥣Լ
Ӵһû
ҰXߺCTļҲȷǿ϶ˡ
ҲԼҲڲдˣ֪ϤַλλطգҪַλ
¿һͲˣͿߵƬӰɡƵʱɤӡ
ҲֻܸѼϼܣȥſƬӵĹһ¸ôӦȥ
ʵڲУֻʩչˡ
ϼΪԭ򡪡
TMҪ˵ġ
զġ

ܳɺͶϾ˶ʵʵվһԣƬ
ҲܳɺͶϾ˵ǵϼҲʮͷصƬϾ
ոôźͿ׵ܳɣΨƵǴӡ
ôҽ϶Ǹ׵ġ
ɵӹȥܳɺͶϾûȵƿڡ
ܳע⵽ƤϷĶ΢塣
֪˴˿ƵѴ
ؽλ
ڱԵѧƵıԵѧơ
ôأǹؽƾƵ򣬲ȥֲ
ƾӦǹؽƵ飬ʱҲȥᡣ
Ҫƿ϶а취ˡ
ҪַλĻʵûܹϸպַλӦӦ
ܳԼ֪ƵģԾ͵ʦҪλɣһԣһ£
֮ǰҲѧôˡ
۾һһݣ
ܳ⻰˵ģҲ˵Ͼģ˵ġ
ֻǣ
ַܳλ
ؽڵַλɲġ
ܳɡ
ɤʣһɲ̫øλ
Ͼе±ƣܳɶʱѧܾˣ
ȫͲŰܳҲе̫˰ɣƵ棬ҪԼַλ
Լƽй
˫żؿƣϣƲҪӦܳɵ
šܳɷǳص˵ͷ
ʦְɣҰסһ»ߵСȣһռɡܳɵͷ꣬ٴν״̬
ؽλҪƹλýģǰѻߵĽգʵҲòڴͷȻգ˿̼ȻڣҲְ
Ʋ֣˵ȥҲƴԼ
˵ñҲúܡ
ҽҽ˰ڴ֮ǰܳɾ͸ַλλ
ܳɵʱĴöϾֵġ
ֱӸ˻Ҫַλ
ϾܳɵķԸʵҲûס
һ֮󣬾Ϳܳɺܿ˲˵ԣȻ˵ãǧҪŰҺҽҪʼַλ΢һ°
ҪżҪţǴŻ֮ʼڻһַɽ⡣
ʱеˣصŶúúãżš
ͬҲʼ
ǣܳɸоļȫ֮󣬾ֱƭ䲻˫ͬʱһ
ֻһ󣬱λ½ŲܱĽŰ
ܳɾ˱״
˵ʱһ£Ųߵܳɵ°ϡ
ܳ˿˵ʦӦǸλɹˣ飿
Ʊڷ㶡
TM渴λȥˣ
ôλȥģ
ܳ˵ģϹ˵
ոչգؽڵַλܳҲĸ
Ҳ
ܳ˵Ҳ֪ܳڸӡ
ʮůؿһ۶³ܳɣ̨׾£϶ԲһĻΧһоɡ
һû̫ķӦ
ؽλ֢״Ҫһλʹۿɼλͻ
κͻѾʧʹдᡣ
ȷλɹȻX߸ϸհѿء
Ĳ˵ȣ˵Ĳİʹ˰ôҲôʹ˰
ַλ϶ôһʹģǴ
Ȼʯ࣬ţϢͻȻ֣ԼҲò׼Ϣã׼˵µġ
ܳɸϽѻ˹ȥʦҿɲ㰡һ㣬ϢܣȻʯ飬ҺϾˡ
ȻƬӵʱһ£
аɡװװףȻװǼٵģҲԼˡ
Ҫǡ



ʮ Ϊʱ
ơ߰뿪ˣ˻ڱ˵лл
ͬʱȴڸп
ˡ
ҽԺųףը˸ݽɫԼԺҲٶúÿˡȻĻܳһʦһʦţ຦
ˣлл㰡ҽԼоʹ
ؽλʱӾʹʹУҲǲСġ
ʹǼѪѹ֮ĵ֪˵Ĳøжǿˡ
ʹʱֻҪл⣬ɻüøУоԼֻҪʹҸ
ϣҵǲҪᣬйģҲҪظ
Ͼæֻ㲿λȥʪһʯࡣܳûӲ˵ĻֻǸϽöϾæĲС
ϾܳɵĻ֮ѣסĵζӳ¡
ϽЦ˵ܳɸ磬ʪʯ飬ȥͿˡ
ȻϰѸ߷Ӳϵװ˺ұ˳֮ð״ඵŵĹǿסԺҽʦرıѳȺͱԵ
ڵʯ࣬Ѿ֮ǰʯ࣬Ǹ߷ӲƳɵġι̡
óˮˮʪһ£Լӿʯʱ䡭
ʯ̶ĲܳɾûͶϾȥˡʯ󣬷Ը˵˼λƣʯ̺󣬰ѽдҽȻ󽻸ˡ
߰˷Ӻ󣬲˺˾ٴζܳ˵˺üлл뿪ˡ
ٴϲһлֵ4㣬һҪ20лֵѾֽһ
ȻϽصҽϢҳԷ

Թ󣬶ϾЦܳɣܳɸ磬ַλѧİ

⻰ĵģȻϾϱܳɲˣܳȫ֪飬
ңؽλַλĲкͻøУеǿ
һͼӰ˼ǰŽʹҪƾһ˫ֻ֣شòǧлسȥöϾо˹ؽƵ
Ҫǿ飬Ȼϣӡܳ⻰滰
ҪĿǰûһȽϸزйؽλַλַλɹ۵ַλ¶壩ȼ֫ʾعɵġ
Ϊ˱Ͼȥص鼮˷ʱ䡣
ܳҲֻô˵
ϾʱоΪźȻĻôҲȥһúоо
ֻѧϰѧܳӣܳɿ϶¹๤İ
ѹ֮ǰܳһֱ͸Ͻ򣬱ΪܳڼƽܳʵһֱŬؿѧϰ
ûʵص鼮Ͼ׼ȥ̽̽ڷ硣
Ͼÿΰ칫ŵʱ򣬷棬ΰ칫ĵԣڲؽλϡ
ϾһĻʱ΢΢һ
ܳɾȻ˵ģʦ˽СܳԼѧġ
ոؽλʦԼҲûôĻûҪصϰ
Ͼʲô£ƲûȫܿϾҲΪôϾ
ҪϵѧϰϾƾʲôѧϰôãؽڵַλûҲӶǰɣ
ϾϽʵĻ׵תʦԲ֮ǰҵĿ̫ˡ
Ͼô˵ץץԼ򢣬ֱ׵ôڿܳɻĶ㻹ᣬͿʼżˣ
㶼ģôܻ᣿
Բ𡣡ϾԵͷ
Ƹпһ£ǾûҪԶϾô̡ϾϾǲ̶ѧʦѧ
̶ǴרƵģԼоʦǹؽƵĽڣѧѵܲʦĲӣ
Ҳ˵ԲʲôʱʼѧϰҲ
ܳؽڵַλǱȽϺģλַλӦʵҲΪ̵ġ
ңλĽӴ̫࣬ʲôˡ
㲻þЩ߽߱ǽǵģ뿴飬ҿԽȥһ
֮󣬶ϾϲЦտشΰ칫߳
Ͻھ˵͵
ȻٴҽϢңһصܳɸ磬ûϢţ
һϢ°ɣȻ£ҽӰڵԸ˵㡣
ܳʶϾе㸴ӣ㲻˯𣿡
Ҳ˯ҾͿףҪ׼оĿˡϾһΪʽɡ
Ŷæɡܳɰѱһ۾
ϾǶϾ飬обҵҪµҪ
ֲÿ⣿
Ҿ㿪ˣ˭㿪ʲô⣿
д£ҲڰддĲΣϼҽùдʲôء
Ȼʵ
ҲҪдµİȻĻѧһƬհףЩоܳԿ
ܳѾ˷뷨ֻʵʩΪѣֻǸࡣ
Ҫڿ飬ҲҪͰȥȡᡣ
ĲεģҲεģο˷ŲȥռݣԿŲоͲ˽Щ顣
ֻܵõǵͬ⣬ſ
š


ʮ 
ֵʱ򣬳Ĺ۲ˣΪֵܳ࣬˲̶ϣΪ̶Ĳˡ
Ĺ涨ģĸҽֵ࣬սĲ˾͹ĸܡ
ϵĲ˶٣ȫ
ֿԸǷͨΪԹۼպԹۡ
˵ƤѪģǿԹۣûеģǱպԹۡ
вٵҽֵʱ򣬽۵Ĳʵĵһ仰ʣûѪ
ʵҪҪ̨
ǱպԵĹۣ˲ų̈ڿ˸į°㣬Ҳ˼ҡ
ȻǶ߰࣬ҲöʮСʱڿš
ܳɱҲжϾҲȥģɶϾǲϻأһֱܳһص˵ڶϰ˵ӣֵ
ĩżʱ䣬ҽԺﲻ
Ҳ֪ܳɺͶϾֵ࣬ؾڰ˵׼ʱ˿ң˲˷ҪǰԺ˵ǰһ¡
ϵʱ򣬻һ۲ˣҲסԺˡ
Ҫڵĳ٣ҽԺļƣÿ춼ѵġ
ٶĲ˽˵
ڰ˵룬Ȩûң鷿ͽˡ
귿ƲöϾȨϢˣĲˣܳɺͶϾһ˸ҽһ˸ҩȻȥϢ
ˣһ˷һܳɺͶϾϾͰԺȶдˡ
ϵʮӣͺһֵҽ࣬Ͼǻ˼ҡ
ܳѡǲлȥ
·ϣܳɵʵеġ
ΪסԺļˣȻָϣǱҪģʵַͨλΪ˴ﵽõĹ̶͸λȫпλڹ̶
û취ָϵƶǻίԱרƶġ
ܳԼ֮ǰ̫ˡȻ۵ַλڽ
ǣԽĿǰָָӦΧȥԻַ߽λһӷͰθļоʽ
ҽʦͷȥ㡣
֮ǰѵЩ棬ʵһ˼
˵ĲˣνıͲܴ࣬սģΪӣһζաЩȾиֲ֢Ĳˣ඼ȥϴѧҽԺ
һܳҲÿȥͲ̶ϺڿС¡ַλӦ̽Ŀˡ
ʵӰǳĿ⣬ʺڵİҽԺҲʺڵܳɡ
Ҫȥ⣬͵ðڵԺ˺סԺĲ˽ӦǲͲĿңˮ
òĹ۲ˣռ˿ٷ֮ʮܳɿһ¿ڲĹ۲ˣԼı׼ȥĻаٷ֮ʮĲˣַλԺ
ҽʦǵķ밡ͬ⣿
ǣһ
԰Ҫڿ۵ַλȻ൱ʵġܹܳõȨ߾ǲ̶ϺȽϿţǳܶȨޣ
ֻܳǸסԺҽʦͨòͨ
ܳ̾һԼû̫ˡ
Ҫһһڳԣ·ҪһһߡԼȻ˹ַλ¶弶𣬵˻ûУҪʵƹ㣬Լѱ׼˳Ҳһõˡ
οеĹӦǾ˶ٴۻģȻǹҽơ
ǵǰ£еҽˮƽۺϿƶĹָϡ
ϾÿҽÿҵߣһʼΣÿҽԺħ߾ֶҽԺȻһС
ܳҲǵһķԼԼȥǰѿ
ǾǿؿҵԼ԰СпڵĹпλڹ̶ǿ϶вٵĲĽʱһࡣ
Ĳ˶ˡ
˳ƶΪȥּ򵥹۵ַλǲңСпڵĹпλڹ̶ȻҲʽ򰡡
ҽԺʽĻһӾϴѧҽԺǰ棬Ĳǲٵġ
΢СпڣѾǴֻĿǰĽչѡ
ЩܳɱˣԼҪúõؿһеĹģ⸱
ϸдһ
ͺ춼ĩ鲢࣬úúõع滮оһ£׸ο֣ܹСпڹпλڹ̶ϣȡһͻԽչ
صܳɲһصףӵҽѧӢ＼ܣĶѾˣҽѧרʻҪһ·룬ĶΪ
һȦҲû̫ջĿǰҲֹƽ̨棬ӦӦãҲǼĲ
λĹۣǰõǴͳұյпλڹ̶
ƽҰҰԽĹ̾Խ̣ЧԽá
ҽѧбҪĲ衣



ʮ ģȷ÷
ѡ㿪ʼģļܻϡ
1.֫ǡֲʾ飨2.֫ʼʼν3.ҽѧӢ
صܳɱȲؿʼһֵģ⡣
أܳ΢ıһ˼·
Сппλڹ̶оչǼԵݣ֮󣬾ȻڵģǿԲΪʼЯļܺͲϣӵеġ
ʡһЯۣȻĻܳɻðѡϡ
оǰεģ⣬ܾܣ˼άԲŵСпڵĹпλڹ̶Ľչ΢
ȻĽǱҪѡġر֫ʼʼεĽ
ǰ漸εģ⣬ȻܳûеõܣǴҲ׼Спڹпλڹ̶һ
Спڹпλڹ̶ʵϸϽַλںϼܡ
ǶԹпλڹ̶ĸĽǶԹַλһ䡣
ϸϽ򣬵ʽڴͳʽпСҰСһֲĲȫַλ
ֻнĽܹõѡģĳʼϡ
ҽѧӢ϶ǱȻҪЯġģУʵģҲһֻǶ˷һѡ
ˣģУĶף˽ģоչҲΪҪ
ֻһסԺҽʦһסԺҽʦҪ飬Ѱͳпλڹ̶ͻơ
ˣҵҵɹܾ֮ҽԺԺ룬ȥ˹ʡһ˽ҽԺ
һǮΪѧá
Ҳܳڿʼģ֮ǰõġ
ģ⸱ģĹУҲҪȣȻǿеȥִһ飬ģУҲ˳˳ˮģǸ棬ᶥŸѹ
ˣǮȥˣǱȽҪġ
ܳҲı˼·׷һܵһͣȻ˵
һʽĻãʵô򵥵ġֻǵĳһСλСппλڹ̶ܼ򵥣ģξˡ
ֻֻǰĳһֲĹۣСпڸ㶨пλڹ̶˵ĻҲ̫Բģ⸱ˡ
ܳϣܹõԸǿʽиǿ˵
ΪӵĽʻܿ㹤˽ҽԺõϼϿɡʼʽ
Ľ⣬ܿ˹ڹ̶װȡпλڹ̶ӦʽȻֻͨ𣬵Ҳǵǰ󲿷ҽʦҽʦˮƽ
ɹΪҽʦڹпλڹ̶ϣµͻƣﵽͬʱڹ۵ַλϣҲһ裬ﵽ
ջ˲ٵĿڱڹһĲ١
ɹΪҽʦڹĵؼеѾԶ㹤ĵλΪԺҽǰ;һƬá
Ȼδԣӵʮľûѡ˴ְӻϼңһ׷˸ĸӴĲƲ֮ڿɵѧȥ
ʮ꣬߷ȫе֪ҽԺ㱾ӵвǳĹСппλڹ̶оᣬܿ͵õҵڵϿɣȦܿȡһĵλ
ھĳ֪ڵٴ飬ְǹֹͬ̽ڹСппλڹ̶о̼滮
Ӻĸĸ֪˾Ϊ
ڶʮ꣬ٴоһ̶ȵͻƣȺֹƽ̨ۡǹСппλڹ̶ԣĹָܻ֢ȷ棬ȴͳĿšͣ
ҵ磬һµĳ
ڵٴ飬˲ԺҲĵΪеְ踱ڴ
ٴξܾˣ֪Ѿ˼о뷨ȻȻѡ˴ְ
ʱҵѾӵкܸߵ˺ܶѧҽԺ֦
ѡ˻صϴѧҽԺĶѾͶУĸĸҲѾԼӦԼļͥΡ
ӵ˺ܴȨޣ㿪ʼԼ飬ʼµٴо
ʮ꣬ȡµĹ۲λСппλڹ̶ͻƣ˹ɹǴ¡Сппλڹ̶ȫϵ
˼ܣСппλڹ̶ͨòۣ
꣬ѡݣʼԼ޶ԼŮΪ顣
㲢δ˳оȻԾڿн򡣡
ʮ꣬˵˴ı˰ٴСппλڹ̶ͻƣ㲻ϧԶԽӽϡǰȥǱѧϰ
ңڴ꣬ٴδͻƵĺϢ
ѸߣѧϰȼΪദļֽ׶εѧϰ


ʮ ģ⸱缶򿪷ʽ
⼸֣ܳɶʱЩ㵡
ڰ޺׹ȻҲ˹ڹСппλڹ̶½չ
˵еĻô
ҵģ⸱÷
Ǵģȷʽ
ʮ꣬׹ѧϰ̤һ޼ա
ģ
ۺ֣źѾȡ˲Ľչδܿ̽ȫò
ѡһ
ܣСпڹпλڹ̶ͨڲʽ
䣺Спڹпλڹ̶оչ
飺Спڹпλڹ̶Ĳ顣
˴ģем䡣ΪƷ޷
ܳɿ꣬һ󵨵뷨ʱе
ֱѡ
ң֮
ģ⸱ȴһܳɾһϿʼ˸ģ⣡
ѡЯļܼϡ
1.ҽѧӢ2.֫ʼʼν3.ǰģем䡣
ģ⿪ʼ
ȻĿǰֻһͨסҽʦڣоƺǰļ䡣˵оһļ䡣
ݼִԼԼ룬һΪ󵨵뷨
һСппλڹ̶оչϸڣժʼСĵıͬʱ㿪ʼ˶Щķ빤
ƾĽѧڹܾ֮ϼҽʦԺʼҪһǮ̤ѧ˵֮·
ϸо滮Ͷ״ϣܹҵһٴ顣
ûѧûҲûκǰڻ㻨µʱ䣬߷˹ڴ󲿷ֵĽѧҽԺδܵõӣʱĴѾ⡣
ĸĸȰ˵㹤ͨǣõһǮԶ⡣
ȥ÷ĴоģԤԼ֪ĴƵĽš
ýڼ֮ʱıʼǼо滮˵˳ܾĿ滮˱Ƚع֮ͨΪٴĺ顣
Ϊʮϸϵͳо滮ƾ飬ڵڶ꣬ǿͷ˵һƪֹƽ̨Сппλڹ̶£ڹϣҲ˲Сĺ䶯
ͬ꣬ɹ뵽оʸ񡣲ңΪΪٴĹסһʲƵĽǮĸ˼˵״
ĸĸȻ磬Ҳϣܹչ裬Ȱ˵ع
꣬ǿٴηСппλڹ̶ڸǹۼɹǴ¡۵Ӧãֱӿ˹۴Сп򡣡
ڰ֮ĵıʹ£ȫ˶Спڹпλڹ̶ʽ³ΪߣԵ˵һзǿԼСппλڹ̶Ĺ̶Ĺ˾ʵ˲Ƹɡ
ͬ꣬˹пλڹ̶ֹͨã
ʮ꣬Ϊȫпλڹ̶о³ѾдӦչ֡ȻȻ˳ٴ飬ȫ翪ʼѧ
ƿСппλڹ̶ĻĴʼ֮һ˺ܶٴ鶼ǳػӭĵؽϣܹõָ㡣
кܶ͵ٴ飬ֿΪеоʣ㶼ܾˡ
㿪ʼϳֵԼеСппλڹ̶ۣϣܹЩ۵õӦ̶ȵͳһ
ʮ꣬ĲиŬ£ȫ紴ϻϣ׵ϳ˵һרСппλڹ̶ʽĳ濪չ󿵸׼
ͬ꣬õ˼ܣСппλڹ̶
꣬ص˻һʱͻ˾ħͶ״˵ҽԺ롣
ջصɳУʼ꣬ҿʼСппλڹ̶Ľһоչ滮
ֻǵǰļܣѾﵽһƿڣҪнչʮѣһδͻơ
ʮ꣬޼գ
ģ
ۺ֣ҽѧģҽѧĶǲˣҽѧĸĿβˣҽѧĽӦȫƶ
ѡһ
ܣСпڹпλڹ̶
аܳɿ̵꣬Ц
ǵģܳܽ˹ɣǾǣȻģ⸱棬ģҪĻ
ôΪξͲȥһչоأ
һоȥߣȻΪоǣߴߣܹø߸ͻơ
˺ܴȫ緶ΧڣžԲֹлˡ
ģ棬Ȼڴо£ֻȫǰٷ֮ʮСппλڹ̶о֤һ㡣
ѾǷǳˡ
׹Լļӳ£Ҳ˰ٷ֮ʮһռȻ
ֻǺܿϧԼͶ״ûѽ
ϣֻģ棬ʵҪ˰ɡ
ܳҲŵȵģ⸱ȴʱ䣬̵˯ȥ


ʮ ģҲŬˣ
һ賿չܳɾͷıʼǱ΢΢˫Ŀٴλһ鼴еģ̡
֮ܳɵ۾ˣȻĬ
Яʼϣ1.ҽѧӢ2.Сппλڹ̶ͨ3.֫ʼʼν
ؼ֮ܳ־Ĵεģ⡣
Ĵεģ⣬ܳɴģȷ÷ѡ˰Сппλڹ̶ؾ͹Ȼȫ紴Ƶ
ȻֻǰѹСппλڹ̶ȣ˾ͨ
⼸εģУȽϴĳ֮ûţģ棬˼꣬˵˺þãſʼؿСпоȳ
ңֻܳڿ棬ĳһСпڵչʾϸռĸݺϣɹ֮󣬲ҵĲСӡ
Спڵ֮ͬǰͳĹпλڹ̶
ͳĹʵоѾչƣﵽһĸ߶ȡֻܳҪͰؿʼѧϰۻ
ɴﵽ
СпڵʵûУģ⸱ǻʵΪġ
൱ܳɱҪģ⸱棬ɴ޵һ̣ѶȲС
ԣεģ⣬ܳɴٴθıһ˼·ԣܲС
ʼģ⣡
ֻһڽйסԺҽʦӵʮƹס
ӵһһѧơҰġ
㲢δйı֣㿪ʼҽԺ̽Ϣ
ͬ鴦̽˿ʡȴŬǸŮӣҲ뵽˹Դ֮С
һºƾ˧ġɫ£
Ůѽ㿼оӦ
ûܳߵĲͬѰ·뾡ذѿһȥĿ飬ҪԼȥ齨һ֡
ڴ֮ǰܳѡֱȥڸҽԺͶ״ȸָķʽ
ȻϿɡ
Ҳѡֱڿʣò̶𾪡
ɲ̶˸ܳȥ뷨ֻǰܳɵһˡ
ڹڻ죬ѧ̫ء
ˣܳҲֻȥԣŬŮ/Ů/ŮģǸʲôɫ
ܿϧģ⸱ûʵϢĳڡϼҽʦȴ档
Ȼܳɾ;ˡ
ĸºμоĸԣϴѧҽѧϵоĸߣ
Ȼڸ֮Уɹɵˡʮλ3050ֵľ֣ΪӦרҵоͬʱ˳еĹС
Үͺܿѧ
ͨĵһ£ɹԵһߵݣһƪsci£µݣһ֪Ѿﵽ˱ҵҪ󡣡
ܳɣ
ͽӮô
Ժĵڶ£ȥϴѧҽԺĳǿƽѧϰٴңٴĵڶܣӵһ̨СĻᡣ
š
Գɹٴٴĵڶܡ
ֱ
ĴʦԴȻսսǸԵֺ֧͹
ӵڵһ̨ĹУȫ߸ϼҽʦƫ俪Ұʼ̺̽˼·
˳µСпͿơ
ºٴⱻʡȻѧõҽԺҵȸ߶ȵӡ
ϸչա
ʡȻѧˣ
ĿѾĴʦ˶ڼʡҽѧĳԱˮƽ˿Уǰ˿չʽȨίԱἰҽԺڵҽвб
Ŀɹͨѧ
ƽչʮ˳ֵĲˣָЧãʱ䡢סԺʱȾڴͳĹпλڹ̶
ڵĿңʼΧ뵽ٴ档
ǵ̰
ܳɸп
ڹȥģʱ򣬿ʼΧ뵽оʼʱ䣬ҲҪꡣڼϾҪ˵飬ȻõȨȥռݣʵȫչʾ

Ѱ··ĲѰˡ

ŬЧ
Ϊܳȱֻһ
֮ɹطһƪsci£ҵڣ롣Сппλڹ̶ʼ㷺ıͬϿɣʼо
ϴѧҽԺٴѧ飬չϺ½ѧࡣ
֮ɹгǼֶ̹Сппλڹ̶Ŀ⣡Դˣ΢ƱƳ׷롭
ܳɣ
ðɣģ棬ֳ֮ķչ
΢ƣ
ͬ꣬Ů飬ȡϴѧĲʿѧλƸΪڡ
ܳɣ
ͨоû꣬ģ⸱棬ֱӲʿҵˣ
ҪʵҲȥԣ


ʮ 
ѧרҵȡõĳɾͣ˲֮ŮҲǳ˿Ϊߡ
˾ӼֱǽͯŮһԡ
ӣپθãĲŻ硣
Ǹȫ֧ȥҵ뷨Ĵ缶Ұġ
Ammmmm
Ȼɹ˾Ӳԣûɹ֮ǰųԡ
˵ȻҪӲһ㣬ʵʱҲ
ܳɺڴģչ
֮ڵλĹǿƣȫҽԺۺʵʮͬʱ΢Ʊ׼ΪصרƽĿ
ˡ
ˡ
ȫۺʵϰȫܴģ˵ĿǰǿǰеĻˮ̶ԺħԺȻҲѡ롣
ȻϴѧĹǿҲҪͷǰԽҪ
Ҽǿ˹ǿһѧƣ޷һ֮λ֪ҽԺĹǿۺʵжǿˡ
Ľһǿᡣ
ܳɲûȥϸ룬Ǽ¿
㿪µѧƽȳҿʼȫ翪ʼƹ㣬вٹŶӣǲԱǰڵٴޡ
㱻ǰѧֳչѧ

Ŀǰڻѧ֮ľȻңǲòϵһ¾ǣĿǰΪֹ˻Ĵͳҽѧ⣬ٴҽѧ컨廹ڹ⡣
ǰǻȥѧȥޣȥѧҲܵˡ
ܳɾͿˬġ
ܳɲμӹѧ飬ɳоеĹǿϻ飬ʡǿᶼûȥû˴ȥҲ֪ȥҲѧʲô
ʽԽ˵ؼСʡϻ顢ǿһͬĸ飬ֻмٵרҺͽڲܹõ
ǵģʸȥμӣֹʽ飬ʵļ֤ˡ
ʡ˶ࡣ
ģȥΪ
ֵڴ
꣬ˣ΢Ʋýڹ۵ĸ΢˶ҽѧϡ
ʮ꣬ˣ΢ƣСпӦԸ
ͬ꣬ĸĸӵߣ˱ķרӦĸĸһͬסһ֮ڡѡ˴ְȫȫ֧ѧһʵǡ
ڶʮ꣬Ĵ£СпۣΪ˽ϸķ͡壬׼
Спڹпλڹ̶
ʮ꣬㼴֮ʣǿƷչ¿ң΢ǿƣ˶ҽѧ΢ƵϿң
ʮ꣬ѡ˹ݣȫȫԼļˡ
ҲٴͿС
ʮ꣬޼ա
ģ
ۺ֣ģģ棬ÿһѡ񣬶Ӱ쵽յĳɾͣ
ѡһ
ܣСпڹпλڹ̶
ܳɿ꣬˵ʱе㶡
ΪȷԼûרŰЩ·һ顣
ǳȷԼľһΣִ˴ıϡ
ġ
ҲŬˡ
ôô
ǸŮ˭ô
Լɹ;˳ܹ࣬ԼɵԷԼʮֵľ֣ͬʱܹôõȨޡ
TMе㡣
Ҫ֪֮ǰܳպüļܣȥݽͶ״ȥѧûš
զôת˸䣬ɶˣɶأ
һôؾõ˿˿ټϴкҽԺͿһӡ
б£⻹ϾŶ
һȦܳɶûпйǸŮ/Ů/Ů/Ůģ
Ϣ
ˣ
ˣõܾͺáܣɲ֮ǰЩܱİܣȫ㹻ȥһµѧˡ
΢ƣţƲ
Ȼţư
ڵĹǿƣרһķַǣˡ⡢Ƥֲǲؽڡ˶ҽѧơۺϹǿơ
û΢˵
ȻܳԼǹǿƵĹ࣬ӵˡ
ܣԲСףе֪ܣǿԿһµѧƵĴڡ
ֻǣ
ôӳ
һȽϼֵ⡣
ԽȻԽá
ѵҪѧεģҵʡȥŬǸˣ
ˣ
ˡ
ģģ⣬֪ʵɣԿ԰·ߵ΢ƫ㡣
ҪʵУܳɿɲҾôֵؾʹȥ
һ˳Ҫ˯ҪجΣǾһˡ
һǸٽϰ̡
ӵļܣԺҲûˡ
Ȼóԣ
˵֮һӲ
ʣģᣬܳʱˡ
ȻܳѾһȥ˵ĿʲôΪдôЩԣеǸѶȵʽģ⣬ǵȵɡ
ǸʽԲһܹģЧġ



ʮһ 
ʱˮܿ͵һ
һһܵĿʼҽԺÿҵ罻࣬ǿΡʿĴζҪڵġ
µһܵļᡣ
ܳɻ𴲣硯ߵ͵˿
ĵԣѾأ˸ռˡ
ԼϵСǶ˵ԡ
ȨͶϾ˶ضŵԿûע⵽ܳɵĵ
ܳؾͶ࿴ȨۣϾȨ׷ǸˣĿŬܶܶꡣ
Ȩ˿̵ɫЩƣҲ֪׷˻û׷ɫǲ̫ÿ
ܳҲûȥ롣
ûԾֻȥϢʬȻţƺһ˵ļ
˵ÿԣϷ
ɵƶô
ߵʮϾϢң˵ܳɸ磬ȥˡ
ô𣿡ܳɿ˿ʱ䣬ǰߵʮ廹Ӱ
˶ѾȥˣһǰأϾһߴߴ١
ϼĿºӡȻҶ絽ˣ϶رӡ󣬵һûĻϼܼסˡ
ܳҲֻεرϾվڣϺ̶ҽʦĵ
ܿ죬Ӷ̶ƣϺĶǧʢԼ֣ҽʦҲ̵ˡ
ǽҵʱ򣬾Ϳһܴҽʵϰʿţ࿴˼ۡ˶һĻֵԭֻ΢΢ЦЦҵԼλ¡
ߵʮߣ̶˷ǳĬҲһ߽˽ңԼλϡ
ȻʿʿҪһЩ
˲ʱֻǳ΢ֻʣϺһ˵λȱ
βʱؿ˿ʱ䣬΢΢ҡͷ֪ʲô
ߵʮţϺŲŵƿš
ʿϺϾ͵ֵ໤ʿʼࡣ
ֵĻʿϿʼعĩֵһдС񣬰Ժ˺ͼﲡˡ
ŵϺȴǽźһƣ˻ʿĽ࣡
˵ȵһҪʽؽһˡ
˵һơ
һ˽Ͳ󣬿Ӧжʮ߰ңһ߰˵ĸӣĸݡ
źڿ۾ͷСƽͷ
ŵİ״ҲǸģӡɳаҽԺ·ûƣ֪Ϊʲô
ϻЩഺ׺ͿΪԣѿľ͡
Ϻ͵֣صظҽһ£λС߮磡
ϴѧҽԺڵĸ㣬ǿָΪڰꡣ
Ϻ˵⻰ʱͲ̶һ±ƣǷӦǲ֪¡˵ġ
ϴѧҽԺĶڣܳɶ֪
ǿѧʿһҽʦڣʿ/ʦѧƸڡҽĿǰʡҽѧᴴѧ鳤רίԱίԱ
ٺ׺׺׺ӡ
ʡǻвϲ㴴˵ģ֪ڵ֡
ˣ߮ʲô
ֻǶڵѧҽԺָ
е˰
Ͳ̶е±
߮Ͻţ΢΢Ƿǫѷ˵˵ˡҽ߮磬ʦ֣ѧϰģĿǰоڶ
ԺϣĸλΡʦͬѧǶָ̡
߮ܣǶ˷ͷ
ȽŨŨѧɷ
Ҷ϶࿴˼ۣϾڵͷʡڵĴרƣΪġ
ƽʱʡڽеѧڻǰ߾˵ġ
Ϻ˵ҿɱֻСǫ鰡СĿǰҽԺʸ񵥶չIIIо
ʮꡣƱ˶ĵ꣡
⻰ڳˣһɫͻһ¡
ܳȻˡ
˵ҽԺչIIIʮֳĻоܵչģҲǼļ
ٰڶʮµĻȫУҽԺҲ
ʮ꣬Ʊ˶ꡣ
Ǿ˵ϴһʱ򣬲ʮꡣ
ࣿ

׵ķģ尡һͳС˵Ĵţ
ѧɣ
ȻϺô̵ϢеĿ⣬۽߮ܳɻע⵽ˣվԼʵϰʿ棡
һɧ
˺ߵ½ǡ
ƫͷװԼͬ˵ĻȻ͵͵ش߮磬ƾϵĶʮԸеġ
߮ûϺĻֻ˵˼Ϊҵ󵽸λʦˡΣǻǿʼɡ
˵꣬߮Ҫվܳɵеҽ
ϺʿС׼һ
ٻʼࡣ˵ϺԼδCλ



ʮ ·
ֵҽֵ໤ʿֱϸؽԼεĲ˼׼Ĳ˺󣬽ʹ˽
ȻȨֱתϺ
Ϻٴ֣صػӭ߮ĵ
ɤӣȻ˵СǿҰûжġ֮ĸ飬ȫƾСԼԸ
ΣΣҲȡһŶ
⣡
⻰е㲻ʱ˵Ц
󣬾ӭϺеڵı飬ǸЦŵ˼ΣûǺñӣеðˡ
ոûס
˵껹첱ӣδ˳˳
ϺŲţ湤ҲҪλġ
ͻȻЦýķΧʱЩ죬ϺҲֻɫѿطԸ˵ûʲô£ͽɡ
㣬￪һȫҵĲۡ
ΣΣûˣҪμӰ
ԣܳɶóϺʡȥ׼ĸֳƪۣƩҲһ˵İǴҵİ
ҵķչңҷչΪġ
ԴǹƽģҿԸ˾
ȻһȦѱ˶֮һ䣺Ӷʱϰɡ
̶ͺغʽشӦϺ
ϾϺǲΣӻҪġ
֮Ϻû뿪ʾԼϵȥ鷿󣬾Ϳʼ߮磬ʮغ̸Сǿأ϶Ǹϲ֮ǰڵҽԺڻ豸
ֱӴԼˣ󻰡
̶ǿۣ߮΢΢ҡͷ̾˿ƺܳȥһȦ
ȻһȦҪԺһܳɵģһǶϾġ
ԺˣǰѾˣֻһ˵CTɨ輰άؽԼ˽硣
ҽõȨֵ࣬ȰȨޣԾž⼸˵ˡ
ܳɺͶϾֵյġ
ǰŵ̨
ܳɣǶϾġ
Ȩֻһ̨Ϊ˲ֵʱսģ˶ǽԼĴλ˺󣬲ŸȨ֡
ܳɲ귿͸Ͻȥˣܹ25289Ŵ
У25ˣ׼Ժ
26ֹܲƽ̨۲ˣĿǰָϺãҪٹ۲켸졣ҲԸסԺ죬ĿǰѾͣ˾ҩ
ÿڷҩʹסͷӸƼ
վѾX߸飬ĿǰãѾڴϿԼֹܶˣ̧ȼͷĿѵɫһȳԺĲˡ
ûʲôⰲţǽҪָ֢꣬Ⱦ
2728Ĳ˶սĹ۲ˡ
һɹжμ򵥹ۣһǹɹǴ¡ۡļ鶼ѾˣĩѾӦ˸¶ˮ£Ŀǰˮ׳̶ڿɿطΧڡ
̶ñûа28Ĺɹǹ۲ϣ׼죬ɹǴ¡۵Ĳˣ
9֮ǰǸ۲ˣϾܳдǸˡ
Ҳ׼
ܳɸϽԼԺ25ĳԺ¼Ժҽ׵һʿվ˵һ£磫9ת25
9Ҫ׼
ȻͲסˣסȱϾǶв㡣
ܳɿ˳ԺҽҰѳԺȶ˲˵Ϻ󣬲ڵǰЩӵؿ֣927ǰҽ
ǶϷҪҪҪӦͽ֢⡣
ǰ鼰ǰ׼ҲǱȽҪһ̡
˵Ҫڹ̶ĲˣҪԤʹÿأϾŽȥļ壬Ԥʹÿصľָ
ȻȻпصƤԣ汸Ѫȳǰ׼
̸ǩЩ
Ȼ֮ܳ˼ӣҪã28¡۵Ĳˣû취ҪĹۣ˵ַλˣû취ڸλ̶ڼȲȶ򣬱ơ
927ʵַλټһ׼ʯ̶ȫܹġ
ˡܳ룬ҡҡͷ

֮󣬲ȶۡƣȻȵһƷʽˡȥﶼһҲԼôһ¡
ܳɿҽʱ߮ƺѾϺľȻҵ˴˿׼ҵӶʵʦ֣ã߮磬Ժա
ܳɳ˳ˡ
ﰵʿʿϧѽ
ײ㲻һȻĵľͲһˡ
ӶϴѧĲʿǺĲʿȻ߮󣬶ǰͱҵˣ߮԰Ŵˡ
Ӷǳ߮磬̨ôϤһǵҡ
ǿƣҼսҲѧϰ԰
߮ԣ˵ʦ֣ҽͲȥˣڿתһת
Ҳͬˡ
߮羹ȻܾˣֱӰϺ˳
ܾʱܳڵ˶תͷȥ
Ӷʱе㶣Ͼ߮⣬û·ġ
߮绹ֱӾܾˡ
TMе㲻·˰
ҲУϤһ¿ĻҲáӶֻҰοһɣȻϽ
߮ʾãֱӱ߮һӸ±ˡ


ʮ ôμ
ţܳɾͰͰڿĥд̸ǩֵͬ顣
еģ֮ϣпܵһϵͳԵĻعˣȻģ޸һ£ٴδΪԼ˽ģ塣
еģ嶼֮ǰϼҽʦˣܳɲȫ޸ġ
޸ĵḶ́ͦ˼ġ
ȨҪֵࡣܳɺͶϾˣҪĲˣȻڿȨһֵࡣ
ҽǶ½½Լ֮û飬͸ûȥĿ飬ȥԼᡯġԼᡯдĵľȥдġ
ֻҪĲͿˡ
ҪϺĹܴҽȻضȥҡ
ʮһ룬ȨͰԼǸ˵̸ǩֶˡ
վ˵ܳɸ磬Ͼ磬ҽֵࡣ
Ѿ˷ûŵĻͶڿ԰ɣ
ȨһΪ֮ˣܻܳϾϵÿζǰļá
˺ܶʱڶϾֵ޷¼ʱȨвϼĻᡣ
·ˣֻܳܿػһ䣺ллȨӡ
Ͼ˵ллȨ磬ҵϰɡȲգ
ܳɸ绹Ƿ̹Ȩ
ɳеһɫ̲ǲգ̹ܳƽʱȵΨһһ̲裬Ȩںȡ
ܳóֻɣ
Ͼֻš
ܳɵĻû˵꣬ͺȻ߽һˣšһӣǳԵı־sexy tea
ҲǲյӢ֡
šӵʧ˽ӽһСʱ߮磬źЦЦ˵λֵæһϣˡ
һμһȵϽʡ
ԺҪǶա
߮ĻûֻܳɺͶϾһ㶣
߮磬˹˹ĵģϹŵഺı־
ʮͶʮ֮Ĳ࣬ˡ
һ
߮ܳɺͶϾ˲һ
ˣֱͣӿ԰ƶŴ򣬾ȻǺ̲裿
ڵ㷹ȨҲȡ֧ȻĬĬȡ˶¹ķݡ
߮һ۾ҿóȻȻؾͻɢһУ԰ѧ硣
Ͼ֪ôأ߮ʱ᲻Բλࡣ
֮ӵͻȻ⣬޷ʴӡ
еòעĿܳɺȨ˵Ʈ
Ͼ̬Ȩ˰ֻɵЦǾòشҲá
µ˵ô˼
ʵͽײĻϾԼĴڣ߮綼ðԼ
ۿԼϵСֱӱ߮ѹò֪ˣֻվ󷽷ؽӹ߮ӣ˵ллֵƷѣ̲裬Է
ȻеҲôܻص㱾ûɣ
˵ʵ֮ǰûлģ֮ǰܳ߮磬ҲһεѹȣͻȻֺʲôɸ˵Ŀġ
ڣܳȻ߮ʮĴڣԼҲ
˴һ£ܳҲ顣
ʲôСʺã츳֮ģܳɾ͸ӲںˡֻںԼʲô£˱һȻȻĵ
ܳ˵꣬ΪذæӣȻ˵ϾȨӣҲϽ˵лл
ر㣬Ͼ׳԰׺ȣллûУ͹˰
߮һ򣬺Ȼܳɷǳ˼
ΪͿ˶ӴһȦ֣˼֮ˣǸѾҵĲʿʱ򣬶һ΢ε
ܳɣΪˡ
ҪôܳɾּȴֲСڵˣȫûʶԼĲࡣ
Ҫôܳȫں˭һ֣޵Уĸо
ĻܳѾ֪£ôνؿЦе㲻̫ܳɵݺˡ
Ǽõزİ
úú˽һ£˵ܹС˵棬һҪǣ
߮Ƕܳɵûϵʦ˵ԿǸ
ܳɺͶϾȫû뵽߮羹ȻôشҲǸ˰
Ҫ˵߮˵ˣǰڿûԿ
ֻ仰ѷѧӵ쾡¡
ܳɺͶϾ˾Ͳ⻰ˣԴЦ
ô⻹ôأ
ѵͿʼ߮²ԼǱôѹȵЩˮ
߮ҲԼһ̲󣬾ת߳ҽ칫ңȨ״Ҳβȥ
ֻʣܳɺͶϾƣҪд̸Ĳϡ

ʮ֮
߮һȥȨ·ħһأ߻˿ңı飬Żĸ֡
Ȩ硣զˣ
Ͼ꣬Ȩûػ
ͬʱȨǰ»˻Ρ
ȨȻûжٱ飬̽ԵʣŮˣ
ҲǶϾΨһ뵽Ȩ⸱ӵˣ׷˱׷¡
֣еġȨȫʧ״̬ŶϾ֡
ܳɺͶϾ˵̱˾״
еģ
ôμ


ʮ Ϊ
ע⵽ԼĴǲԣҲǿ˶Ͼ˿δ󼡽Ӳסƨɵơ
Ȩᰡ
TMȡǳ
ȻȨҲܶϾܳŵĶܱ顣
˵ҪһǳϢشš
ôϾ˿˵ǰͿʼƤ
ܳɵĻϾͲôƤ
ȨŶϾǱߴһ¡
֣
˵¡
ո߮һȥˣǿ˰ɡ
Ȩ˵һһ룬ƺ빴ܳɺͶϾĺƵġ
ͽзŹҲоĹŮսöԷδӮˣϧûʩչȨѾ뵽ԼճС
أ
˭˭ܣܳҲǱȨ˵һһ룬˵Ĳ㷳ˣҲƤһ¡
Ȼ߮ң֮ԻɳаҽԺʵʲôָġҲѧϰġ
˵ѧûõʦͬ⡣ʦͽ侲һʱ䣬ʱ뿪ϴѧҽԺٴ߶ȼһ¡
Ȩ˵ʱԼǷ·˷Ĳ˳ͣ
ȻܳɺͶϾ˵ŵòܹýȥһżԼ˵Ĺλֵ𾪵òᡣ
±ľȻǸô˵ʵҲҪġ
δ
ȨͣܳɺͶϾ
Ͼʱ˶ɵˣϸػһϺ˵Ĺ߮
ҽԺʸ񵥶չIIIо
ʮꡣƱ˶ĵ꣡
ʲôĴڣ
ҪչIIIҽʦǸҽʦܹ濪չڻȨǰҽʦѹء
߮ˣоиְơ
ȻŶʮꡣ
˵ҽѧ·дõǰ;
ȻںȻðôһĵŹֵ˵߮Ҫѧ֮ԱҽԺǣʦΪ侲侲
ǵ侲侲߮ʦҹƵðͷᡣ
ôõ츳ôõʡ
;˵Ҫʦš
Ͼ𾪣Ѿʱʧȥνķȣֱϣļٵģ
Ȩ㲻Ƕ䱻ɵѡʧ˰
ƨġȨĵؾʳָָ췢¶ġ
˵Ǽٻȫ͹ٰ뾶Сס
е㶾ˡ
ҲûȥȨױܲԵĳͷ飬ǱĿ˼
߮ΪʲôѧѧĻ֮ǰƾʲôҪҽѧѧôð
Ա˳ŵģ
Ϊʲôܳ侲üʡ
߮磬ٵǲʿѧʿоѧλھͿȶˣҲȶΪʲôƫƫҪڵ˵Ҫѧأ
ȥˣ
п󣬻ؼҼ̳вҵ
֪ˣʱ߮Щ˵ˡȨ͵˦ͷ

ϴѧĲʿҪϴѧҽԺĹҪ
˾Է衣
ӿ϶Ͼǳɬضݺݵ
Ҫ֪ϾƴƴؾоҵȻһԺÿñȹ磬˯ñȹԵûȹ
˼أԼ˺üΣȴ֮ġ
öϾʮֲޡ
ҪҶѽ
ҾҲеܡȨ֣صص˵ͷ
Ϊ˭û»ȥһİ˵߮Բһˡ
ŶˣϾ磬߮绹˵пյĻҲһġ
һ¹ڰҽԺеһЩ͸Щ飬Ҫȥô
㲻ȥĻҾ͸߮æȨԼ֮Ի߳ҽϢҵĿģ֮ǰιܳɺͶϾԹˡ
ҲϾʶҪܾ
˼һǵ˵ͷ˵ȥɣǸôˡ
ͬʱ룬Ȼ߮˷ǳŹ֣˼άƢģܲܲ䵽ʲôѧϰʼǻߴһѧϰ

Ͼߺ
ûٻˣ
ܳɺȨ˵ĶϾ߮Ūþ
Ͼ߮磬ԲǸˡ
һ˵˵ʲô¶Ͼ̫
Ծڵһʱӵ󣬾ֱӳҽϢҵš
ȻܳɸзˣԷԷ
ȨܳƿźͿϾ̸߮߮һʺһʼǱ
ʼǱƤƴСЩϾɣֵ߮ʳָѹţһɫصʽīīˮĸֱʣддǳҲǳϽ
߮ţ˿ԿЩϸڡ
ϾŶ˿˫ڿ޹һ̸ӣƾ;ϲ˵𴦡
պñܳɵĸϡ
Ҳˣ


ʮ ¹
Էˡʦ֡߮翴Ȩܳɶ˷شϻż֮ɫеҲذѸֱʱñиϣš
߮Ͼо꼶ϸǴѧ꼶˱߮ѧһꡣ
ѧʱ㣬߮жϾʦûġ
Ͼ˵ˣϿ˿ʱ䣬Ѿʮһˣ촽Ŷô˰
ʱÿ졣
ǿʼԷϾһ˵⻰һֻ߰Ļ㰵Ȼ˿㶵ͬʱתվȨʼĴӣһһַ
Ȩ涢ŶϾƣϾʣж𣿡
˵ŻһҲ֪ûȨ⻹ǹװɵ
ԷԷȻˡܳϿʼϡࡣ

ĸ棬߮ʵȻСģģȴȶϾܳɶҪȨСࡣ
Ϊ̸
Կó˵û֮ǰôçײҲӶ˵ʱô顣
ڳԹܳɻعͷȥ룬߮˵ĻʵֻǲȥңǲԸӶȥ˭Ҳȥ
Ȩڵ͵ʱͿ˱עķҪһ㣬ĸڳеš
ϾƤ˵оԺҪȵ㷹ʱźãٺȵϣԸ
ҪһݣȨ˼·ؽ顣
ܳҡͷ̲żȻԽܣȶ˶岻áҾͲҪˡ
һ㲻Ҵȥ˯˰ܳɿ˿ʱ䣬ûԻȥһˣķӺܽ
߮Ҳ˵ҲҪȥһ£ˡ
ĸҪڶݵֿ̲ܲˣȨͰԼֻ
ʱֵ໤ʿֵҽˣȨ˳ȥ
ܳɾ߮ƺͶϾûģͺܵ͵ˡ
յſڣͷ߮Ҳû̸ǩֵĶϾ˳ЦЦʦֺá
áܳɶ߮˵ͷҿʼԷ
ʱ߮һ˫米ֱʺͱʼǱڲ෽οտڴֿɼӡ
Ҳе졣
߮ͺܴ󷽵ʣʦ֣ʵģдһҽйصС˵ƽʱӴ˶оͲʿнҽЩ
ԶԹ˽⣬
ʦַһģΪһһزİ
ˣְܳѵݸס߮Ƚȥ߽ݣ1¥
ĴָдС˵ǺвŰϴѧĸ߲ȫš
С˵ĸվô
ܳƽʱȽ϶࣬Զⷽ˽Ⲣ١
ţ㡣߮Ҳûв˼ͷͳ
˵ȥղشͶһܳҲϵظӡ
Ÿշż֣Ȳ˵İɡñ´߸塣
ϴΡ
߮˵ţͻȻжˣһʮĶ¹ҵĶ°ãʦֽϷôʦһԸ
ܳɵҲԼӸ΢ţһģ֪Щ棬ҴҲһġԷͲˡ
ܳɲ߮һȥԷܾ߮ΪŹ֡
û˼ȥ̽߮ʲôܣ˼ɧŴõҽѧǰ;ȥҪѧǿ϶ıº͵
ǾȼӸ΢Űɡɨ㣬ʦܾ֡߮õһμͷҪܳɳȥԷҲ̫ã˶Ρ
˵ݣܳɱ߮ˡ
ֻǣ˲Զܳٻͷʱ򣬾Ϳֺ߮һŰ״ӵ
űŵɫĸֱʣддһڲɷӡ
ţƣ
ܳɰи߮˸ޣĲ˵ݲҪȺΪʽȥڨı£òˡ

ܳɻص˼Ͱ߮Ժ
ȻϸΪĿǰĹģ⸱һģƻ
Ҳûмȥģ⣬ڲϵزϣϵŸָ뷨Լܵķչ
Ϊܳɷ֣ÿģƣôԽܹٵҵʺϵģ;°빦ġ
ĥ󿳲񹤡

ʮܳɻڼʾ֭
˵ʵָԵģⷽʽ
ҲһΪʹ飬Ϊܹģ󻯣ֻܳʹࡣ

ܳҲֻεعر˱ʼǱСİú󣬸Ͻȥ
Ϻ׿ڵҪѲۣȻܳٵˡ
ܳɵʱѾ߰˰ˣֻϺԼϵĸɳ˶ӶһӦˣ˽ңŶӵվˡ
һεĲۣȻûлʿŶӲ롣
˱Ժ⣬˶ֻվȻ˭˭أ
ʱ䵽Ѿָ1459ﱾ˶ˣ
ϺҪʼʱͻȻҵűƿȻ߮˽һһ£ŵ˸λÿǽվȥ
ϺָָԶ¼ӵĵӣ˵߮磬ɣλá
߮ȴҡͷܾˣ˫ж˵ΣҾվɡ


ʮ ͬ
ϺҲûǿеΪ߮ʲô⻯ȻѾൽˡ˷Ϳʼ㱨ɡ
ϺĲ㱨Ǹζǧʢ㱨ģ˿̶ǧʢ̨ϣϺԼѧеɫ˳Ϊڿӵӡ֡
ɳ˶شpptҳȻ󷽷صλʦͬѧã׼Ѳ15
˵Ļ¡
ˣĳУ71ꡭ
㱨ĹУǿڵĽȥ潻һ㶼ֻһϢ뻼˽Ϣйصģء
֤żֻţĳĳ档
ЩϢȫӰ쵽ҶԼĶ
һǰˤɹʹͼϰҽԺļƣXΪɹǹۣҿơ
ؼ飬ȷΪɹǹAO C3.1͡
ؼ󣬻ĿǰΪй״ӲಡʷĿǰĹnyha III
⻹II򲡣ĿǰѪǿƿɣѪѹIIܸΣ顣
ڿƼؿһĿǰǲطռ󣬲ơ
Ŀǰʯ̶
ɳ˶Ϊǿרҵ͵оԶ˹ġ
̣ȫרҵʡ
ɳ˶Ļ㱨֮ڳ˼üͷһ塣
ٴC͹Ҳټ
ĲʷĹnyhaIIIеݰ
޵һࡣ
ٰһ򲡺͸Ѫѹпܾ²̨
Ϻʱ򣬴ɳ˶һ£˵˻һЩģļͻ߶ԺڵĹҪϸߡ
ǼͬԼбȽǿҵԸ
ͺΪѡ
˺ͼһ£ҽôȥֶ֪ˣ֪˭ġ
ԭӦҪԲ˵ĵһԸΪ׼ڻرˣŮҲǱصġ
Ϻô˵󣬺
Ȼ˺ͼһ£ǾǣƺˡҪҲҪԼȥ˵˼ˡ
ãϺóȫǶһ١
ҪҪ֮ܲ⣬ÿ˺ͼԸʲô۵ģ
ǣƤǣƾˡ
ǣƤǣ˱۶λҿʹù۶϶˷ֿʹ
Ȼ⻰˼ϺΪʲôûи˴ǣơ
Ϻûػɳ˶Ǽʦǲ˵ƬӺCTάؽĽ
ţɳ˶ͰѲ˵ƽƬCT˳
ˣ˲䶼ǵһ
CTX߲Կ۵Ķ϶ˣΪ
෽λĽǶȳ
ƺǹ۵ļˣɲɵֱӲ˼֯档
ȥ˼ʣĲˣȥǣ
ϵļ˳飬Ϻһ䣡
ĻСˣ
ɳ˶Ų˵ߵǰĹ۷ȻC3.1ͣǸݹߺ͹۲ַġ
ɲĿǰʮ⣬ǴCTϾͿԿ۵Ľ˺Զ˵ǴѾȫڼǣ֮±ˡ
鿼ǵܻߵĹ۶˴֯˿ѹ
˼˹ǣܹǣλļҲСǣĹУǣȲܹù۵Ķ϶ȫλĻ
ȫǣᵼ¹۵ķԵ֯صиųжϹɶĿԡ
ңƣѡƣǾԲָܻġ
ţλʦָɳ˶ʮֳȡ
۹۱ǱǱǹۿڣڹģû˵ˡ
TMϺɳ˶һӣһΪԼͲ̶ġ
̶ͱȽϾһֱû˵
ȻĻĲ̣ӦðXߵĽڵһpptϡ
˵һЩ
ϵͳϰְ࣬λͣǲ̶ˣϺսԼ顣
ƨ飬ȥעˡ
Ϊˣ෽λף۵Ķ϶˴̽˼
ƵߵĹ۶Ҳϰϸ·Ҳ
ǣûô
ǣ޵ģǣƿزˡ
пù۵ķԵɵӣڻ裬жϼѪܡ

˵˰
ϺŲؿˣʮֳϿҵص˵ҶˣȽ⣬κˣκεԳԡ
ҽ̵ġ
Ϻ⻰Ȼû˻ذ
ΣϺص˲̶֡
̶ŹΣ˵԰ձȽϺãҰѿزˡ
ǰ֮Աߣ̶Ȼ˵Ϻһ߰Լƽͬ
ֲǺǵҪ֤һҺǿ
òʧ
һͬˣûûָ
һֱżѪ˨ķ˥ߵĴʣֻܵ
֮ǰҪԼҺ˵㶼ÿβ˵ԭ˵¡
ۿû˽ʸϺƽȶԻĺͲ̶ָ
ϺֻʣСʦĲŻôð
Ҷ˳⻰תͷ߮硣
ǰһ
ǰպһϴѧҽԺĸ߲ⲻÿûмʶ⡯ĲԼ÷
߮ǰС벽˵Σд֢;֢֮ļĹû취ƵĻǲʵġ
˵ĲǱҪӸԤġ
ǣʯ̶ıҲûѡĻôʣѡľַֻλʯ̶ķˡ
ʦǰҲûôĲˣҲֻҸ˵Ŀ
߮󷽶ƽسԼļʶޣĹŹֲˣû˵
⻰ȴò˶תͷϺ


ʮ ˮ
۵ַλ֮ǰһʱǾǺΡ
ǣһκԼݸˣÿǮ
Ϻ˽ﲻҪַλĲˡ
Ϻ˵⻰ѵҪһô
ϺģȻҲк
˿޹ƺ˵⻰ɲ˵İ߮署ģҲģɲߥ޵ġ
Ϻɫ߮磬ʣ߮簡ɹǹ۵ַλѶǱȽϴİɣѵ֮ǰǶڳ濪չ𣿡
߮ҡͷ濪չǿ϶ܵģԾ˵첲šȡ
ҪɹǵַλҪļɷǳ࣬ҲֻڱȽĲϿչ
ӳƷʽڶڹ̶
ǰҲû
ⲡ˵һҲΪ
߮ɲԸԼҽԺĵһ죬͸Լʦһ˹ȥһֵĲˡ
Ȼ߮㣬ҲûԼʦ뷨
Ϻпһ£߮磬ҲǾúܣ֪ˣ˵߮ϵһʦܲܰѲתȥ˵ˡ
˼ҶûûҪȥϵԼʦⲻô
ˣǵתȥС
ϺʣΣǰַλˣַλô
⻰ƤʱһϽΣˣͨĹַλˡ
ΣҲ֪ڶַλ£еӰ
ڲˣ㲻ˡ
⻰٣ԼݶԼˣһҧʮ¾
Ĳˣ˭óȻȥλѽ
ֲԼϵĲˣȥĸﰡ
Ҫʣʾˣ
ˣҲˡ
ҪΪʲôʺ˰
Ҳ֮ǰϺǿĻ˵һ顣
ѵûôϺȻһȦˣʻ
û˸һذ߮Ҳ˻ص˶ȥ
ϴѧҽԺ֮ǿǿڶϸڵİϣçײ
֢ĲˣȥҲû˸Ҵû˸
֢֮Ϊ֢ΪΣգΣ˵
úõǰᣬ˵ûš
һжǿ̸
Ϻ͵ȻҶûĻҾȥҽתԺˡ
תԺʱ䣬Σ˾ȷϰɡ
Ҷ߶˵ȥϣ˵ϤЩϺ˵ţ˵ݾʲ̶Էûô򵥡
̶ʱɫһö˶˵ôԼϹϵˣ
ϵΣ˷߸ﰡҪתȥġ
Ϻ͵˺ͼһֱ߶˵ȥҲΣҲʲʲôûУ
ƣ
԰ɣ
ãȻ̧ͷ
ɫʱø⸴ӡ
ǣôֺҳϹϵˣ
ȥˣ⻰û
ȻĻôȥϺʲôӵĲˣë°
ǲ֮ǰҰѲתأ
ɲԺ죬ֲͬѲת顣
һֱſԺβ˵ԭ˵£Ͳ˼Ϲϵô
Ŷβˣ͹ˣ
ΣҲ޳ܵزɣ
ȥˡô룬ʵҪϵġ
̶ʱеڣҸ΢ɲ֮ɫ
ȻϺǲΣʵе֡
ɲ̶û취ʵﲻҪˣԺ֮ԼҲԼܶΣʱ̶ͬò˽ԼģȥϺ̸ġ
ϺʱͬⰡ
˵ļҲϺǲΣ̶ֻǸҽʦ
Ҳû̫ĸεơ
ڣ
վǰɣ
̶Σβ˵Ĺزĸյģ͹ĸô
ڶ쵽תԺĽ׶ΣѲתȻתԺе㲻̫ʰɣΡ
ϣ̶ԸϺһӵģûйֵ
ʱ򣬽վͱΪ΢
ذΣ˼ȻȥƣǻҪزԼԸġǰɣ
ǿһǱȽϿģѹضô
ʵڲԸյĻҾȥ˺ͼؾһ£ҲûϵϺһΪ̶
̶ĬƬ̣ﰵһ޳ܡ
ȴֻεص˵ͷ˵ΣǾȷϰɡ
תԺ̣Ҫ
ֿˣӶÿ
һϺȥ˵ģ˵ԼԸ
ԼĴ󲮹ƻܵԼ߶סԺԼõĹϵ˵ԶҲԶ˵ܽɣʵҲ
ϾڸǱһˡ
ҪתԺĻԼͶԼˡ
̶ӦϺʯͷ˵أȻ˴ҶûĿĻǾдһתԺ飬ȻתԺ̣ûɣ
ɳ˶Ȼʿ˵һѲȥ
Ѳۣ͵Ϊֹˡ
ΣΣû׼ˣ
Ϻʲô鶼ûһʡ
̶û˵䵭˵һΣʱûԷĲ´еĻһóʹһѧϰ
ѧϰ÷ǳء
Ϻװû
һѲۻᣬķʽĻ
۽Ϻеؽһ׼߳ŵ߮磺߮磬оô
߮仰߮ȴװʲôûһ߳ȥ
ɳ˶߮߳š
ɳ˶ܳһ߮磬ʦ㡣
߮ȻȥҲ֪Ķ䲻ãǹġ
£ɳ˶ɫе㲻̫ÿͷҲ߮ûɶ취
ֲ߮ǰҽԺѧ˼ϴѧĲʿѧλҪʲô˵ģ
ɳ˶ֻ߻˽ң˵߮ˣû
Ϻɫص˵ͷû¡˵ˣȥæɡ
ðת˵ʵһ¡
Ѳ۽֮󣬲̶ͰƼϾ˽ȥΰ칫ң㿪ڵСᡭ


ʮ Сᣡ
ʦΰ칫ҺƽһɫϵĲ̶
˼ڸô죿
ͬʱܳɺͶϾ˶ڣȨΪҪֵ࣬˸ﲡҪû
Ȩ޹ؽҪ
ʦΣҲе̫˰ɡϾֹ˵
ƺƳ˶Ͼһۡ
̶̧ͷϾ˵⻰ԺҲҪᣬʲôֻǿѧûϵ
Щҿ˵˵á
£ҲҵԤ֮С
ݵʵԺʱҾȥֻʱһ֪ĹôʱμȻҪҾ΢ܵҲãˡ
ǰ֮ҾͿǵ⡣
ο϶취ѲƵ
˵̶üͷ̾һ
û취Ҳѡ
ȷǱȽϼ֡
Ͼ⻰ҲǸͷ
̶ŵ֮ǰͺϴѧҽԺҽԺĽʹڷ硣
˵ӡ
Ѿڲ⣬޷ĻתȥҲûȽϺõİ취
˵̶Цżʶһ˫۾͸ŨŨ֮ɫ
ҪƣҲǴԵıơ
۶Ƕ֯λȫҲδм
еˣҲûա
һ˵Ѫܺ񾭡
Ѱ
εĻҲ뾡ˣ
תԺô򵥵ģҪסԺͬתҪнҽԺԸѲĻǲϹصġ
ӵĲˣû֢ӣ
֢޷ĻȥϴѧҽԺҲãȥħҲãҲǼΪֵģнԸԼһô鷳
ƶʱüʣΣǣĲˣǳѹĲô
ҽԺƽסԺյĹԽԽϸ˰
֮ǰβǷҪѲסô
ҽԺÿƽסԺգһҪǾǾ̣ӿ첡˵תЧʡ
ҽԱļЧҹ
һѹĲ˴ڵĻͻƽסԺգʲôģǿ϶ۺܶࡣ
̶͵õĹʮǰһżá
οԲңҲܲհ
ֻܴҶһ£ȥú취ҪһԲ߳
˻ǲ󼺡̶ץͷΣ˿ԹӺʹ
Ϻǳ׼һ㣬ò̶ûѡġ
һ⻰û˵߰ˣǵΣҪȥһʡҽԺĽǣûнڸҶ˽ַλġ
һЩҽϽַλϣġ
̶ҡҡͷʹˣһ˺öҽǿƬ֮󣬶ȥ
ֲǿЦ飡
ҹƹҲûжԹ۽зͺͷ࣬ôĹۣʲôӦַ
ҲǴˡ
ͺϳֵһЩ˾ĵط˾ң˵￪ˡ
ǣܲȥѯһڿƵĽڣѻߵĹܸܲһ¡ֲǶʱھܽ顣
һʱ䣬Ѫ˨׹Էס̶̾һ
Ͼ˵ʦû¡ܰɡ
ǲ̶ѧ˺ܸӣסԺڳ
ϾԼˡҲò̶ЩҲܳɺȨԲ̶
ܳԿ˶Ͼһۡ
ƱȻܵġ
ʱܳɱСڵʦҾһ˵вУ
ڵ޷ȫ飬Ϊų׵խҲû취ǿѡͰ
£ȻٿһСпڣ̽ۼ˾λúȻȷȫٲַλ
Ҫʵġ
̶ܳһۣûܳɾȻῪ˵
üͷšş̌ͷʣͣɹǲλͲôɣ
СȴĹۣǻУǹɹǲλƤ񾭷ֲԴǧ
ôһȶĻʹ̼ķι˥ߣǿɾ鷳ˡ
⣬Ҳ΢ܳ˵˻Σܳʵڹ۵ַλϣе˽ġ˵ķһԣǰҲַܳλ顣
ʦ㻹ǵò
ôһ̶ǻͻȻˣе㲻̫£ҲϹ
ܳɾ˵ʦÿƵĻʱþֲҩڵķն༯գ;ֲȫʲôҲķθܵĸ
˵⣬ܳɱʦʵҲҸ˵뷨ĻҪɲʦѿء
˵Ķ˵ˣɲɣ̶ԼĿǣܳġ
ΣҲûõİ취ԳһµİͣķշСһɹʱԽͣز
һõҽһԼ໤ȫ鶼Ҫȫöࡣ
ȻĻôţѪ˨ѹ˱๦ܾͲá
Σأ
̶գգ۾۾ʵСҲǿΪˡ
˿̣УҲֻǴЩã
һ˵룬ȥæԼɣһҸ𸴡»Ҫصá
̶ɲԸˣѺһѺܳϡ
ܳҲû˵ʲôһȥˡ
߳ʱοܳɣʵεѹҲǼġǴΣκǵһ˳λˡ
ܳЦЦû⣺֪ģʦʵĲˣҲ׾ָλ
ܳȻԼλİվͲСΪ˵ĹԵȻǶ˼棬ʵû̫Ķλ
ֻҪǣȻúüⱾĽΡ
ַǣѹ۶϶ǣ׵ġ
ֻԼ˵ĶѾ˵ˣ̶ԸԸţԼĿǡ
Ͼ˲ԼˣܳɿñȽϿ
Ҳ̶Ҳ˽Լ
ͺñڶϾܳ˵ܸ۵ַλܳҲš
̶ԸţΪҽһԱҲᾡϡ
ţҲû취ˡ
ЦЦȥϢɣ˵ʱϾֹܣҪַλĻӦòλᾡ֪ͨҵģҴ绰
ãܳɵ˵ͷܳɸȻֱȥ
ǸıǮ


ʮ ϵ³Ա
ܳɴӽ󣬻صϴ˸裬һ߲ͷ߳ʱ򣬵绰
ƴġ
ʦܳɸϽ
ܳɣθոմ绰ˣ˵ַλĲʡҽҩѧ˸ַλȽ϶ӽڡƽ͵
ŶõģʦܳЦŻص
ܳɣ㲻Ҫʲô뷨ҪֻŲβķȴ¡Ƽš
ܳɵɫȫûûУʦʲô뷨
ܸŽѧϰĻɲ࣡
ǲ뵽ӽԹ۵Ļᶼûа
ζҴϴѧҽԺ͸ҽԺĽǶԸյĲˡܹʶһҽԺڵַλҲǼʶˡ
ֺܳǺǵ˵ţ˼ǸƱǲ˼
Ϊܳɺ뿴̶óַλĸڣжԼô
ǾԼڣܣţַλϣһĽڶҪһ㡣
ˡ
λǼҴĹַλǰܶȽϸӵĹۣ
ҲΪܶĹ۲ַλƽλڵļҲܳײ̶ôѡɡ
Ȼ̸˼䣬͹Ҷ˵绰
ܳҲû룬ȫԺȻ򿪱ʼǱʼ˼ڹͣۻµȱƷ
ңΰܳɻȲӦס
۵ĶǹǵԺԵжϣȱҲϸеĹۣȫϹ۸ģⷽ򡭡
ܿϧǣȱĲͲ
ȱƣҲıȽϸӡ
ģ⸱棬ܳģĻᣬӴĹǫ̇̄
Ĳ˻һܳȥħŽӴȽ϶ࡣ
ʱ򣬺Ĳ
ΪӴĲ٣˽Ⱦ͸ӻˡ
ȻûϵεģֻõܹȱĹǰƣͨҲûϵˡ
ģѭ򽥽ڲϵĺʵȵ˻֮ҪѰͻƵʱȥһ߲ͬѰ·ӡ
ܳܽԺԲͬģķ
һȥĶףȥޣȥԹȥûԵļܣҲãͨҲá
ڶõ˻ܺ󣬾ͷѼܵǰ缶ˮƽ
ҪԼȥº¶ȼˡ
գϡ
ֵĻʿֵҽȨϺûɢᣬŲ̶Σ˵Ǹ͵п̽飫ַλ
ţǵģҲ˺ͼͨˣҲͬ⡣
ȻҪðһķգҲûð취ˡ̶˵ͷɫػص
ⲡϺҲ顣
Ϻɫһݣǿš˱Ƚ⣬ðաҪ԰ȫΪһҪͲͨãʱֹĿԡ
Ϻû̶ֱһ̶취ְѲԼϣⲻô
ҲУ൱ò˾ʹ˵
ɻǱǿȫԡ
̶͵˵ͷ˵á
ΪĲˣֻǾп̽飫ַλչ˳Ļʮӿܾ͸㶨ˣ
Ϻ̸һ£ǰĵһ̨˳
ΪԿڣʱ䲻ټϲ̶ݣҲǲ˵ļȥ˺ͼһһ飬˼˵ͬ⡣
̶ѾйͨƵĿԲٳеļ⡣
Ҳ̶ؾƿʡҽԺӽڸ뵽ҽԺͺҵˡ
̶򵥲귿ֵȨܳɶԺ˵ҽ̴ƺͶϾҡ
ûܳɡ
ҪǶϾڵһ͵ڶ̨ӵ̨СҲǶϾĲˡ
̶ŶϾߺȨܳɸ磬㲻ȥҿҽԺĸַλG
ȥĻ㴦ҽ
ܳЦЦҡҡͷȨȥĻȥɣҪĲ˽ҡ㻻ҩЩȻҽͲԼд
ûʲôÿġ
һȥˣԼų̂λӽڸλĹгʲô⣬Լǳֻǲأ
Ҿ˱ֵĲˣԼˣ۶϶Ƿ˸ı䣿֮ǰӰѧǷвο壿
һ仰ҽߵš
ˡ
ȥðա
Ҳ̶ܿԼҲĿǣûҪƶûʾǰƣȻƾԼԲԼ̨Ƶġ
ܳû뷨
Ȩ⶯ˣô˼ܳɸ磬ȥɡ
ܳüȥȥ
ɴ㣡
ллܳɸ磡ȨվѼ¼ҽֽܳɣȻѾˡ
ܳɿȨıӰûĽҲû뷨ֻǾãĲףκһѧϰĻᣬҪŬȥȡ
ԼӵģԼҲȨķ棬һѡ
ܳɾͿʼæ
ȨԼε²˵ҽˣȨҲҩҪľ֮ǰ˵Ļҩ͵ҽʮӾͿԸ㶨
ܳɲһһҽʵ֮󣬾ŻҩŻҩȥҩˡ
ʮ֮ܳɲڰѻҩϵꡣûɫҽƷӽɫͰƵϴһ֣ٺ˲һеҽҸȥ
ſڵʱܳɻ˿ʱ䣬ѾȻ˾ŵʮ
ýŲȿҵĸӦź󣬾ͷҽ̶ƼϾȨ⣬ˡ
һܳǲʶģĸڣһˣǺܳй֮Ե߮硣
߮˿Ҳ£վ̨ϡ
߽ܳƿһۣȻ˿Ҽʱʾʱ䣬Ҳû˵ʲô
߽ܳȨԣʵַλô
ûʼأ֮ǰλһΣ̫ˣԱֹ
Ƶ˵ĹͣĽڶβ۲λ
߮ڸ֧Ƥ͡
֧Ƥͣ
ܳ㶣ǼģҪǳʵĽѧԲʳ飬˵İ
Ʒǳǰصļ
ܳ濴Ȼ߮ͷһ˿ôڲʳļ£ڸ
߮磬Ȼ򵥰


ʮ 군
Ӧ֢1.ϥؽھ2.ǰǳ3.ͷ޸4.ƹǹ5.Źؽںϥؽûʹ
͵ΧʵҪķΧôڽ沿λ
λʱͷûѡȷĻͻиδλļ⡣
൱ûڸ˽в
ͣҲֻǰϥؽµĸоʹʱԵϥؽϷĸоʹֻ˵ȷ
Ƥ񾭷֧ͣ񾭺͹֮ĽϺò䡣
ֻƤ񾭷֧ͼѰѿأڸ߾ĲԲǿ˲ûжҽС
߮羹ȻܳΪȣ뵽߮ԼǹǿƵоԻĽ֪ʶȽ̣ټϻôԲʳĻҲǲʵ֡
٣ͣܳɾǲģֻǹǿҽֲרҵ
ܳɵʱͲˡ
߮ش˴˴ȸƤʣʹʹ
ʹˣûоˣ
ࡣˡ
һ㶼ʹˣлл㰡ҽ˺ƽ
ԣֻҪʹָоֱ̫ˡ
߮˳˵˵Ĺ۶϶Ƕ£˼ļűΣʹһŤʱʩκβ෽Ӧϴиʹ
ǼʹиΪС
Ƥ񾭷֧ĸͣͿ̶ȱ
ֻǶʱͣҹֻά30ңʦӽڣʱ乻ô
߮⻰һԵЦǺǵص˹ˣ϶ˡ
泤˼ʶˣǰֻѧϣ˵ַ֧Ƥͣ˼٣û뵽С㾹ȻͲ
ϣƣ
̶Ǿڽ˲⣬ԿЦΣСǶڵıѧҪǰƽơ
ҹƶڻ᲻ʶʶǿϽڵȭͷ
εǳ˳Լ̶Լ򲻹ȥһȺͽͽء
ҡҡͷҾͿЦ
߮󣬾͵ʦӽڣˣҾ̨˰
˵߮Ҫ·
С̨ɹǵַλҪģһ˶һ̶еȻص
߮ôæʽʱ򣬾Ͳˣ˵ȥ
߮ȴҡҡͷЦӽںͲʦ϶ɺĲҾ̨¿ɡ
ǰûӴַλҲﲻʲôæ
˵ֽ꣬죬ѾΥ޾ԭ򣬱̨ˡ
̶ҲͲˡ
Ȩüͷе㿴߮硣
ֹȨܳҲ
ӻͲ̶߮ʮ㣬ҲͲȰˡ
۵ַλʵؽλַλ֮ͬ
ȶҪǣǣǰҪĻֱӾͱ̨ˡ
Ҫ̶ֹ߽ǣĲ⣬Ҫİֲ١
˻ֱӾͿʼλĹҲ⣬̽鿴۶϶˵λá
ӻ϶Բ̶˵Σ̽΢Ҫһˡ
õģӽڡ̶Ҳ˵ͷеʿҪԲ֮ϵ϶λп4cmĿӣȻƿƤƤ֯
̶ַķ֮󣬹۽˶϶˾ͱҵˡ
̶˵ȻǶ˼Ⱥ棬ǹм伡̽һ£ΧûѪܣ
ſԶˡ̶̿ʼԶ˶϶˵̽顣
Ȼڿ˹۵λþ󷽵Ĺɶ0.5ףĹԵֻ0.4׾е˹ɶΪˣù۶϶λ÷ǳס
ɫ䣡
ӽڣ
ӻȻҲҽǿƵǿ϶ûû죬ѵӦĲ˾Ͷˣ
ɶʱϵɫס
ͷʼϸ
֮ǰ߮ûƤ֮ǰǴθλֱ̫հһע⣬ֱӡɱˡɹˡ
ǵģ߮ǰͲ̶ѾԹһθλ̫ʹ治롣
;ֹ߮粹Ƥ
ܸλ𣿡̶ʡ
ӻʮ־ᣬתͷʾ̶Զ㣬ȻһֱҵĽ䡣
ӻ˵ΣҪ˰ɣ˿ƫа
ǣλĹУ˭ܱ֤۵Զ˾Ͳһ¡˵๦ֲãһˣϺܿͳ˥ߺѭѪ
ȥͲ˵ļ̸һ°ɡӻͣ
ƺͶϾ˼ⳡ棬ﶼһ
ˣĳڿ￩
ȫŲˣ
ã̶ɫ任һֱӳңҪͼ̸̸ڵӺյһࡣ
Ȼ˲ӣ̶ٴ˽
˵ӽڣոҺ÷̸һ£ȽϿ֮ˣãðȡһ£ԺĻ׺ȫʧȥ
ӻʣȷöⰡ
̶һ˵ȷ
˵ţ˵ĻҲֹʹĻ
棡
ʧȥ̫壬ֻΪ˻ŶšҲͷ֪Լ󣬺ԼĶŮ̸
ǺðɡӻҲһ
ƣСţ̶衣һΡֻһλˡӻڵ
ĸ˷׷׾λ
ӻ֣Ȼ˵Ҫ̶ðɹǹҪǣʱȽϳʣʱ䣬Ҳˡ
Ҫüɳڣ
ֻĸˣӻüͷһ壬᲻࣬Ҫ׿ȵļ⣬ֻͲ̶ǣܻ
ƻ⣬˵ܳɣϴ̨æ
ܳɵ˵ͷתͳȥˣƼȻҲȴ
ֻվԱߵȨ΢΢һʦҵİ
Ҳܴġ
еί
Ȩ֪ε飬ܳģûн¡
߮˼ؿ˿ƣʼΪʲǫ̂ܳͬǹȨдС˵ļزġ
ȡʵʵŻö߸ԡ
̶ӻ΢һ
ܳڻ¡
ܳɿʱŲ̶ӻһվ׹ؽڵҷֻȫ׹ؽסûλá
һ̾
֪ӻѡȽԶǣλá
Ǵǣλ֮һҲַλȽϺ㡣
ʵɹǵĹֹۣǽڴǣȽϺãַλʱѡҲһġ
˵ĹɹǶ϶ˣȽ˼زκܾļ档
Լ̶̨ӻ˴׹ؽڴһˣϥؽΪһ˲㣬ɶȻΣ
̶ӻʼǣƺͶϾذס̶ʱ
ֻܳɰ˫ַֹǽڵĺ󷽣Ȼһ㣬ֻһһ̧
ʩһֱơϾ̶ӻ
ʱ˵֫
⣿
ܳڸ
һĻ˵ɫһ¡
ܳڸʲô
ǣҪģܳͻȻһдֱĺϳԭܳɵû׿
ɲþͱܳɰϥؽڸô
ϥؽ󣬻ᷢʲôȫӻ̶˵Ԥˣ
˵ͷƤһ˲
Ȼ·һεѹȫмⱻŶĸ߶ȽŸУÿһⶼڱʲôεǣס
˼Ҵܡ
ɶѣ
˥
˲ζ
군
ӻ˿ʮֺڡ


ʮһ ովԲ˼
ܳǺҵˣ
Ϊʲôô˵
ӻܹڣԼʵ⣬һǽ
ߵ֮һǿҽ¹ʶ಻࣬ɲǹ⿿çͿԵġ
ˣڽĵһ£̶ˣˣϸؽһ飬оͰ˹̡ԭԼô˸ôʲôͱҪ;ֹͣ
ʮӣӻԼ˿˸Сˡ
Ȼѡ
ʱܳɻûңһѹͺûϵ
֪ԼҪʲôʲô
ӻô֪ڵһϰ
ܳƽæǣģϼҽʦ̨߮Լ˵ǣȲ첲šȡ
ƽëô
ҽʦһæëô
̨ܳæëô
ûһϵûС
̶һ˲һѹե·ų⼫ΪǿոУͺ˶ʧһ㡣
һͻȻֵϢзŭӵĸо
Ǵϵµķƺܹõ󣬲̶ĳˡ
İ
Ͼһʱ˼άտգ·ԼɳĮʧ˷ȫ֪Ϊʲô
߮һŶ
ܳɹҵİ
˼ʱ
ֻߵĴȾȻһּΪ˿ķʽ֮ǰ״Σ˱仯
ߵļ⣬ͬʱĵһº
֮ǰ״ΣȻʧˡ
ֵУͨ͹ӻ˵ġ
ٴһ㶡
ǣ
۶϶˴Ӽ滬ˣ
ôô׾ͻˣ
֮ǰĸ߶
˵˼άû꣬ܳɱɵֹǽڴϷȻתΪȵ

ͬܲһİһº󣬾ͳɿ
̣˵ӣʵҲ߰ӵʱ䡣
ϣ̶ӻ˶ûعֻؿĽ
εĻδѾˡ
ȡ֮ұֱĴȣ
Щܳɳһٴ̽̽ɹǰȺû
֮ǰ߮署ǶԵģ۶϶˲˼󣬻Ťأüøڼⲻˣ֤֮ǰǣǰѹ۵Ķ϶˴Ƕ˳
ڵһѲأCۻ͸һ£
ÿ
ʮֿ϶
Ÿ˵꣬ܳɿ˶Ŀ⿴Լ죡
ܳŷӦ
ոԼˣ
ġ
ԼǸ¼ҽϼ
˽ɫû
ǸϽĿڣΣӽڣҪһ¿
òã
õòУһ¼ҽϼҽʾе
ովԲ˼
̶ӻܳɵ֮󣬼ͬʱָܳ˿Ȼ󼷿ܳɡ
ͬʱȥ˴ȴ֮ǰĴԶ˵пУʼָ淭
ʲôC͸֮ģȫҪ
ֻܳҪûѹɶƣȫж˶ûϵ
ٲ
뷨Ȼڣʵ뷨
˲һлпܡ
ǿ󣬲ûеѪӿ
̶ӻŻһ£һڴȻȫһ֮ƵƣС
Ȼºڵľ͸ܣȫһǴѧĽǶȫ߶ȽŻߴ̼֮һºȫƣ
ѪԼĶģǴѪҺѪ֮ܳгѪ
ѪҺ١Ѫܺࡣ
ϵѪûëǮϵˣ϶ʱдѪӿ
ˣѪ쭵컨壬㲻ѪҲʧѪܿͨпðʱھܹʧѪ1000mlϡ
ûѪð
ݶ壬ͿųܳѪܵĿԡ
֤˲Ÿҷ顣ϾиҪ˵ġ
ˣģ˵ɣ
̶ӻԿһۡ
̶˵ӽڣûơ
⻰ҵ˶һرƵΣոıŵˣҽ̨Ѿʱ׼ȫȻתܲˡ
һƣҪ崴̽ѪܷϣǾ͹˲òܾܲȫˡ
á
ġţַ̡ȥ
ӻҲһ۲̶˵ܿģҲܿ
̶ӽڣܳϵĹҲҰѧҹ̲ܽܡ
Ŀǰ㲻⣬ٴûơֻǿܹ۶϶λˡ
͸һɣ
˼ӽڣ鷳ˡ
֮ǰ̶ûнܹܳɣܳɵݡ
ȻеǸ
ӻַλģԮڡ
ȻﱻԼϵ¼ŵˣΪϼȻҪȵǸ
Լģû̺ãԼΡ
ңܳڵݣ̶ȫӻܾܳԼʹû̹ܽ˵רӻĿӣȻ̶û뷨ӻȫô롣
һԺ֧Ԯ£УҪôвҪôȱ˹ذ
ܳûӻ֮ǰĽ⣬Ȼˡ
ӻ̶ûж˺ҲԶ
ոܳɵĶʵеԤϡ
δ⣬ӻ㿪ʼ˵
ٴҽѧһŽ֤ݵѧơ
ж壬ҲԼ󡪡
ߴڣǲĦĦС֫Ρ
֮ǰʹźԵ֫Ρ
ǹλɵġ
ַλҪľǰλλλλ֮󣬻λӦʧȻĦ͹ĦлڣҲȥԡ
˿϶ʹİ
۵λλǷɹ
һԣֱ۵Ĺ۸оǻʧ
ͱڣ˵ĻΣʧ˵ġ
ʧ׵ĸλۿýߣҲ֮ܳǰ˵Cۻ
Cۻʵһ̨С͵X豸ûзӰƵôߣ۹ˣһ㳣汸ڹǿ뼹Ƶҡ
ۿģҪ
ӻҲ֪ڵǸʲôˣô⣬Ƚ⣬Ȼȥ
Ž⡣
ʱ䱦
Ҳ̶һеˣԼϵĹҲ˵ԼѧӻͲö˵ʲôˡ
ֻ͸һ
Ҷȥȥ


ʮ TMų̂
²Сӣ˼νĻֻ˵ϵĳ졣
ǲԼɵģǲԼҪ취ȥ
ǸӵģվҲеһӡ
̶ȻϣȻӻͿܳаԼ̲ܽܵϡ
ѾܳùѪͷ
˶ิӣ
Ϊ˵˶ͷԺӻڣȻ߮磬ŵõڿԲԸԤĻᣬΪܳɳʲôӣ
ؼ˻Լˡ
ǰʲôβǣ
̶ǴʦҪԼѧ𣬵ͬģҲԴһЩ̶ͷ
󣬲̶ȫԴ绰˵һ䣬ܳȥɣﲻҪˡ
ԣͿôֱ˵
ܼ򵥣ܳɾͱת飬ҪҪܳɣǾͲǲ̶Ҫܵˡ
Ǻ󻰣ҪĿǰʵá
ܸλͼܸλǾ͸ɴϽͣѲͻزȥ͵Ľ͡
ǿƵ䶼һСĸ䣬ΪC͸׼ģ
ĻڳߣǿҽҪˡ
ǿҽҲˣȻ˵ز˵
Ȼߣû취ġ
ÿҲǾһҽǡ
̶ܳӻǸʱʵΪζ
ԼçײҲӻͲ̶˼άͺñȸոո㸴λĲԼȨܳҲ÷ǳ㵺ãȻ
ȨƾʲôȥĲˣ
ڲ̶˵ҰԼȨкβ֮ͬ
û취
ƾӻͲ̶ӽ״ַǣ˾ͺпܵԼûˡ
ûң֮ǰçŸˣ۲Ĳ
ȻˣҲҪһµġ
ںܳû࿼ǡ
Ȼϴֳ˵⣬ܳĶˣƾ㲻̨Ҳ̨ȥ
ӻڶ˵ˣȻ
߳ȥĹУ˶ضܳɿ
˼졣
Ͼʱеܳɵġ
ǹܵģʲô£һΪܳɳ£ͺѡ񡪡
Ǹ˼˵أǲ˵أ
˵Ļ˵ļŲţ
ܳһƾʲôԽ̶ӻȥַλģû̶ͬȥ
ݻôΣ
϶Ʋ
˵ĻԼʦӲͷƤʦӰǷǳġ
ԼҲҪһѵĲϺ͸ָʣǹܴҽš
ŲԼܵĴǰɣ
ƵǾᡣ
Ƽַܳλģǲ̶ûͬ⣬ӻڡ
ոԼ̨ܳæ£ԼҲھΡ
ܳɺˡ
ܳɼ㸴λɹˣᱻӻڻò̶ʲô˼ַλҹ
һѧϰʶô
ûλɹĻøˣӻ룬ǹѶȵİɣ
ȻԼ뷨
õȿ˸λƬ֮˵
Ȩһֱͷû˵Ҫǲҡ
߮绺գգ۾
ҽ۹۱ǱǹۿڿڹģȻúЦոԼҲŵˣ̨ϳ⣬ҽģΪǼˡ
çײĹ࣬ҲȫϾӻԼҲû˵ǡ

Ӻ͸ӵĽˣ
͸ӵĽ˵ɫ͵һ䣡
Ȼ󼸺ͬʱC۵ʾĻ
۵ķ϶CֳɵĹߣȻָε̬ˣ
ʲôйߵķ϶ָ̬
ͨĹ۲ˣΪǶ϶з϶XϱΪŹߣ
λ̫ĲˣǾͲз϶ˣǽй֡
ͺñ֮ǰXϣǱʽǹй֡
Ϊ̫⣬Ҷܼǵס
ٿڵC۳
۵Ķ϶˼
Ȼǿ黹롣
ɹǹC͹ۣǸԵĹۣжۿ顣
ټ˵Ĺ۶϶ԭλù۶϶˾ʮǧ
ƵĿԶûС
ΪˣϺͲ̶˶ã
ϺԼһû̶ȥѯûнԸա
Ҫ󲻺ܸߣֻҪܹϹȥҪûð취ξͺˡ
Ҳвͨ
ԼҲ֪ڲ϶ȴԸð
û˸Ӧջǲ̶ܳɵĽ飬ſڡ
ûطȥͣǾԼ
ΪҪ治ߣֻҪܹתΪƣһϣͺã
ܹ֮վãҪ֮ǰλʮǧ
ÿ˵ƣһҪھƾǸÿ˲ͬΪʵƣõˡ
֮ǰλһΣ滹Ӧ
߮磬ɴвȥ
Ѿȫɲб˿С
ɱĹ۱ͨĹ͡
˵ܿЦҪΪ΢
ҽѧϵ漣
Ҫ˿Ϸ죬ҲҪʲôʸλָֻܹͨ˹۵ӣ˱Ƕˡ
Ҫַͨλ֮ǰĹ۸λʸλĲΣǾԲܣ
ѧͷġ
C3.2ԵĹַۣλɽʸλӣ
Ϊǿǲɿصأ
Ĳ˶ԣֻ
֮ǰҲû
ܳɻسһͬʱƮ뷨
һģܹ󲻵Ĺۡ
ڶֻǻ˳ûлܽܰɡ
ȻⲢܳĲΣȫĻټ룬һ΢Ĺ۹̶
³ļϷ룬ܳɾͲˡ
ովѾ˹һˣҪĻ˿ɲΪԼôõ
ӻڿ꣡
ǳһ
ɫƽȵصΣƬϿ
ַλõĽҲֻˡԤϵĶҪõöࡣ
ҪټλأǾǣˡ
СȵĹۣôʯ̶Դﵽ̶ЧǹɹǴĹ۴ʯ̶൱ޣ
Ҳ̶ܲٴӦԵĴʩ
ıƷʽǳƤǣǣǣҪƤǣ
ǣɣ
Ѿܺˡ
ˣӽڣæĻҶ֪ô̶Ͻӻڵлϡ
ƳһԱߵܳɣĵ뷨ʼ
ӻµȴԳ˳顣
TMë߹ϵ
һԱվŵܳɣ۾С
ġ
ǰ޲ðˣģǴ֡
˼
Ȼģ
Ϊٻһ֮ܳǰΪ̸ɴ䣬ˮԲԼçײ
Ͳͨܳһϵغ
ѲCۻ
Բʱ
ȻӦл
ܳɣȥͶϾ˴ǣƣȥѿӷˣҺӽھ̨ˡ̶Ͻ˺İš
̶һ˵ţһ߸ӻ⿪Ĵӡ
ӻʱеɵ
ʶһ
ǣ
̶ڸɶ
TMų̂
Σֻһ
ɻûüӦ̶ĴҲˡ
̶һϵǰǸ˵
ӽڣ˼Լõǰ˵صλⶼŵˡ
ǲ˼
ӻͫ״˿̶Բˣ
磬Ҳ֪
Ȼ鶼ˣͲܵ鵽
̶Ļȫûë
ϼҽʦҪ̨¼ҽȥβ
ԼĵλӻȻԲǰҽԺæģ̨ˣȥܳģ
ĵ˭ͷϼҽʦǰ̨¼ҽʦȥβǱģ

Ŷûû£ʵҲżӻϽ˿ڡ
ȻҲֻε˹ؿʼ£ͣسܳǸ򿴡
ȻͷӦ̶е㷢㶵ĶϾؿڣΪ޾
˵Ÿʲôȥˡ
ܳɴ˿Ѿ߽ҡ
Ͼź֪ģɻظһҡ
ոܳɲûаﵹæһѸλˣ
ôӵĹ
̶ǳǸӻߣӽڣߣߡ
ӻЦü΢΢ʡ
磬ˣ
Ҵˣ
òãǽڣ¼
ʲô
߲ҲҪˡ
ȨҲ˽ȥͷ߮Ҳˣʵ߮ȥ
°ȥˡ߮˸
Ҳ𣿡Ȩһ䡣
߮ҡͷû˼ˡ
ӻͲ̶µңӻ΢һ£ΣûУȥһе̲סˡ
̶еΪѵػصУӽڣѾŵʮˣ㵥λǱߣûϵɣ
Ҹո·ʱѾ˳ˡ
ӻ


ʮ ܳɸֱС
ĵҪ߰
Ҫܳĵ뷨ʵֲˡ
Լ֮ǰΪ˱鷳Լ·
ȴڵ·׶ˡ
̶ȫһΪʲô˵ˡ
ӻҲֻεҡҡͷ΢΢̾һȥٳɡ
ΣǸе˼Ĺӻʼò
ΪĹУһܳ˺£˵ĻƲ¼㡣
һܳɿܶΪаգçײĻҵĵһʱ̨ˡ
ڶַܳλ͸λʽΪأֻաʵĹȴǳ˳˿ȫܳԤϡ
ȻĻֻǼӣþͳڵɺϣ
ôȫɺϣ
ַλܳɱܵ˵Ļǽһʮ㣬ʱܳɣӦòʵܳɡ
һ䣬ǸԼ̶ӡ
ģ̶ȫûг׵˽ܳɣĻ̶ȫûҪԼһˡ
˽ͲϤⲢǻ°
ҽԺɳҽԺʡҽҽԺҲҽԺҽԺĹǿ֮ǰתûϵʡҽȻɫ˵԰ܳɽйȥ˵˵
Լ߹ǿƴεϵʽģʱɲԺܳɽйȥġ
ӻǸڣյԴǲٵġ
ţܳӣΪġĹǸɳԱ̶ȫһĵ
ҿҲǡӻĵػţһ䣺
TMƨ

˷֮󣬶ϾͰѲԻͻ˲
ǶϾģһǲ̶ݣôĻϾȻҴ⡣
ƱܳɵļʾлҪ˵
ܳɸȥ˵Ȩ㿴һҰ˽˴ҺͶϾĵ绰
ǰ̨֮䣬һתʱ䣬Ҫ׼ҽҲҪɸ˴̡
õġȨ˿еҵֻƽЩʧػص
ȨͻȻãԼԼϣھԵˡ
ˡ
½
ܳɸ磬ôͻȻ˸Ƶġ
Ρζû취Ĳˣӻڶ׼ĲˣתҽԺתȥûԸյĲˣ
Ȼܳɸ㶨ˣ
һԶԶԤڵЧٴʵ
⣿
ϾԲֻһ⣬ûܳɸλ
ûôô
ܳһô
ܳƽһȽԼĲ˴û£ϼҽʵʵذͰɡ
ûģܹܺõϼ飬̬ȱһġ
Լʲôȣ
Ҿˣܳڿ϶ᱻ
ⲻʦͿ϶ҪҵСˡ

ƲûдܳߺԶ֮ͨƽʱֻдɨҵĹ˺תе·
վ֮ҿһûˣ˵ܳɣǲַλǰʵͶеˣ
ܳɵ۾΢գգʣʦӦ˵аպã˵ûպأ
ƼȻóˣ϶ġ
ַ֪λģ֮ǰȻҪʲô
ܳɶƻǻим֮ģԼ
Ȼ̶İţȫûҪ绰Լ˵һ
ƾʲô
Լ¼ҽϼҽʦҪô߲˵ƣҪܳɻ㱨Ŀ
ܳɵֲǱ״ġ
ȫѧ
Ʒ˷ۣ˵Цʵ뷨
Ҫġ
ܳؿƵ񣬷Լ˵ʵص˵ͷ
һɣȫİտ϶ûеġ
̾һ˵Ҿ֪
ؽλĸλ㶼۵ַλҲϡˡ
ȻҲ⻰ʵ˵
δػʡ
ͻȻô˵һ䣬ܳȫͷԡ
ǵ˵ͷ˵ʵѣǾ˵£ŲҲܹҵġ
˵գңһĻ¼䣬ҵطȥѹˡ

ܳٴλصңȨæֻӶͷͿóЦݣеܳɸ硣
ллҿҽͻҩ

Ȩӣֵ໹ðɣǺæɣܳɺʣȻߵȨԱߣһƨ˵ϡ
æ˰˼ˣϻ㰲ȣиҲʦȥܵġ
ȨˣִԵķеܳɸ磬ѶȵĹ۲ˣʡҽĽڶûյַλ㶼ܸλȥ
ҾԺ϶Ϸ
ܳɴ˴Ƿĵ˵רҵоѧо
ʲô
أʲô㣿ܳɿʼòҪе棬Ȩ׷ǸŮӵǺηʥȻô
ȨЦʲô㣿ȹ£Ȼ󿴿ܲҹϵȥҽԺϰࡣ
ģûˡ
Ȩصûˣû롣
һ֮ζˡ
ôˣо²Ǻܸߵӡ
ʧˣܳʡ
Ȩûʲô׷Ůӵ飬Ȼûڿﴫ￪ҹƶ֪һЩֻû̸ʶѡ
ҲʧɣûᶼûˣȨԳЦЦ
ܳ˵⿴ûְ
ǰο˵û£ĺδ޷أ϶һõڵ㡣
⻰û⡣
ȨͻȻ͵תͷ˵ǻǱˣ׷Ͱҳ׵شˡ
һãҹƻᱻ̤ȥ
Ŷ
ȨҲйµѽ
Ȩô˵ˣҲǸŮĻˡ
ʼóֻȻ˿¹עһЩҽѧصĹںϷ͡
Ȩܳû׷ʣе㲻̫ϰߵŤŤ첲
Ȼп˵ܳɸ磬˵ǲǾͱѧҾֵϣһŮҪǿһƽȶԻ
̧ܳͷȨ⻰˼ˡ
𰸻ŮӲϲгˣ
Ƿ˻ɵˣҪһأ
ƷԵĻ
ҲҪվòУ
ȻƷ
ܳȨļȻͷֻȥˡ
ûػ
Ȩ̾һҲû˵ˡ
ֻԵ˵ͷڲ޾Ƶġ

ڣһ̨˸ղűӽ̶֪ʲôʱҵſڣһͷһߺܳɣһ£е顣
Ͼʱһ
ҲҪܳɸСˣ


ʮ ҾͲ˰
ܳɶվɨһ۶ϾԽã֮ɫҲû취˵Щʲô
ֱȥ
Ͼ˿̵ɫʮֽӵģܳ뿪󣬲˫ִ˴ȻƵСʲλ۾
գգͣͷ컨忴˿
һңһͬɫϴַŮ߽ҡ
ԿкŵԵֽϸǰȴյе滹һҽıڵסһЩ羰
ʱϾͫٴԵһ£
ˣ
е⣬֮С
̶Ϊ̨˻˼ƵνˣƵεһңȻֻרһ̨ͽˡ
ΪεѧһȻֵģ󲿷ʱ䶼ѧͿˡ
ϾһվȻʼƵ绰Ҳûͨ
ͬʱῪ
Ͼû¶Եһ¾ǣûаܳɽнСӣǰ¥µġ̡ҡʵѾۻҡ
ռ䲻ʮƽףһ̨ʷǳǿĳС˸˫š
̶ܳţŵҽһʥء
ſڰţ̶ܳɽȥȻš
װ޷к̲;ưɷĺչ̶̨װ޷ˢҽԺͳһᣬ̶̨Բθ߽ŵʡ
ÿ̨ӶӦһеͺŵ̻Ҹס
߰˸õϢ۷ʱٿɰ˸ϵྴƨ
طܳɵһƴ˿ԼɫЬסţһ϶Ŷ˵ǲǴɫ·˽Ѳˡ
ˣóˡ
ƲΪ˱ѲˣΪ˿û˽
̶ȥ̺һ֧Żֿصݸܳһ
ܳɰ˰˫֣ʦᡣ
̶̶ƣЦ˵ззΣͳ黪ӣڳӻе㾭ø
Ժѧ̶صȼ̣һ˵
̡ȾơƣûһС̶ǳƶؿЦ
ЦЦҲһ˵ҳ̵ϰ߾ǲġ
Ҳûжٹ˼ֻǿЦԾա
ܳ룬ûػ
̶Ϊܳˣ˵Ĺأʱѡѡ֮һڵʱˣӶûϰߡ
һ̣һ³˵˵ַλϣԼ뷨
ؽλַλ
ܳɵ˵ͷأţѧһ㣬Ҳϴֵʱ򣬸պĲˣʾʦġ
Ǳ߿һ£ƺ˵磬ˮ
Ȼƽʱ͵͵ؽλַλҲר
ֹ顣
̶ȻɨһۣͻȻЦƵ˵úãʾʲô´βʾˣ
˲һԹȺڵλܵ˱˺
ĵôֳأ
ҿǸǰѷģ˵ԼУô
ܳԣ˵ллΡԺַλĲˣҶʦһ㱨ġ
̶ܳڸȨء
̶Σ˹أôڿﳣ濪չһͲ˭û취˵ʲôˡ
ϺҲ˵ѵ̶һҽʦû취ѿزԼϵ˵ܲһͲ
ĲУϺҲС
ֲϺ˽Ʒһá
̶֪ܳԼ֮⣬ܳ˲ɵ֪
ϾԼôãΪ˻һ࣬츳֮ǰ̶ʵһ㡣
ⲻǲ̶ôã۶Ͼ˵ʱ򣬶͹۵ؽ
ԣÿܿһ˵ģֻĲΣǳ״ۡ
̶˵ҲҪô磬Ȼ̨̨ۣԳַλڴַ֮λԿ
վҪģרΪŶһ̡
ǿǿĻԺֵʱ򣬿ѡһЩ򵥵Ĺ۲ַλ
ǲܳɣҲҺͲϸ˼֮󣬲ѡһİ취
̨֪ͬ鶼ǩˣڲ˴ַ֮λϾC͸ӿλЧ
ʡʱĿУʽһӰ쵽˵ĺơɵúúðס
ܳתͷ˿ƺͲ̶һ죺ʦʦô
̶Ըô᣿
ǵȻˡ顯ûˡ
ɾͲҪ
̶˷ۣȻģﻹƭأ
⣬ĵ̨͵̨ԼĲ˰ɣ
ܳɵͷллʦ
õ˲̶ȷܳʯͷ˵ءȻ˵
ҵĲˣֹжιۺ͹ɹǴ¡۵Ĳˡ
̶ԣ΢΢пһ£
ûǹ۵Ĳ˰
Ǿ´ǹּ򵥹۵ʱԿɡ
ϴο⣬ġ
ֹڶʹ¡۵IIIˣеԽԽ̫ˣ㲻á
ܳæ˵ͷٴ˵ллΡ
̶˵꣬̾߳ˡϢҡ
һ߳ţһ߶˵˵꣬Ȼ̨Ҹոȥܳɵʱ򣬲Ѿˡ
æͷӦתͷܳɣǳϸصģ˵ԺֵʱԼַλĻЧ϶ͷϡ
ҲǮһ˽ǧǮΪ࣬ϾûǮ
Ҫ˵ȥʱǾҵָġ
ܳͫһæصʦǮҲҪ
ܳɿ治ΪǮŷ˼ȥַλİ
ҡҡͷ˵εľ㲻ҪɲС
ң㣬Ҳ˻ȥ
㷴Ҫֱ˸Σġ
˵꣬ܳɻЩᣬ򣬵ˣ̨ˡ
ô㷢ƪģֲһԼĶ̰塣
˶ΪԺͨ뾡˸ְ취̰壬㵹ãΪֹûҹҺͲ˵£ס
Ҫ㣬һ뾡ְ취ȥһƪģˡЩɸֵص


ʮ ҸܳɸϢ
ܳ㶣⻰ǰʾˣʾˡ
˼ҪԼȥ£һ¾ȻԺҪٴʵҲҪڿٿùȥ
⣬ϾҽԺѾ׵ҽԺˣڵȼûҪۺʵٴͿ涼Ҫץ
ܳڵǾԼûҪҪİҽԺԺˣ
ͨôεģ֮󣬾Լѡѡġ
ͺñȣȥǸŬŮ˾һ·
ȻҪɳҽԺڰҽԺõģΪطûоѧѧλʸûУܹĵȥо
Ȼ˼ҵĻ׼߻żȥҲûɶð
ܳɴһͳȥ

15䣬»صĶϾڱ΢صͷװעֻĻϡ
ƵɳϣţŶȣԼѧ˵һ̨ûҿ̫ϧˣ
Ƥ񾭷֧ǳͣǷǳͼӦÿġ
źԼѧʵǴѧƳ˼ĹĦᣬһðõʶƵ׿ԾϸεȲεĻᡣ
ڿԽһ֧컨ˡ
ҩ׼ӲĤһЩееľҩ
ΪҽҪ֮⣬Ҫļ⣬Ҫе仯ѪѹԾʵȵȹ׼ǲٵġ
ͷЩƤʦ֮ǰ˵һ̨һǹǿƵҽʦԽе㣬͵˸˯һˡ
㵱ʱһ٣ڿԽԽƤ˰ҵ˵͵Σÿ춼ߵ׼ʱߵ׼ʱ
㵹ãѧĻ˯
գգڰ׷۾˵ʦƽʱʮˡҲʮĴ
۵ί
㷭˷ۣðɣϷˣŮӣҪʱⳤЩ
ƵŮҽ٣ϰ඼߯һ࣬ͿͿĨĨҲ֪ŪЩɶЩԼרҵ͹״̬
Ҳʹ⣬ǰһѧ˵
ʦҽҹͦˣעⱣĻ꿴Ϳʮˡ
п߮ͦ˼ģϧԺģϴѧҽԺǿƵѧʱһʱġ
ǱԺ˵Ļ˵ʲôҲðŪơ
û˵ֻ߮˵ʱԵһ¡
ʵûжԼʦ˵ʵǾʵƽʱһ磬ֻڽҵʱһԼòã˵Ǵˡ
֣ˣͽ߮硣
Լ֣Ǵαʱʶûʹ
ֻڱʱ˵Ҳѽ
ȻصȽˡ
;߮˼ֱë
Ķ׷ԼԼѵͲܾܾôѵͲܰʵ˵
ǵͬ⣿
ǣҲ˧ʵһ㣬ҲֻǱԼͬѧ΢ǿһѡȻǸʲôģȫԼƥ䡣
ֵŻһռƾʲôҪȥ˽Ʒأ
㲻С԰ֱӵض˵
ѵԼҪ
ԼûȤˡ
Ǵα
߮ӣԼ黹δػ䡭
վ˰ǿϡ

ڿ߮ԼʦҺת¥ȥϢˡ
̨ǲԼʦԿˣҲֲԼæ
ǲ𻹶㲻ô
߮˾еëд󲡡
ȻЩ飬ԼûҪ˵ͺܱʾͱɣȥв˼ƽϡ
ʱ䣬࿴飬ףŬԼרҵܡ
ô

ʦûҪİɣһֱǿѧҪۺǶԲ̵ļأҪ׷ϵĸ߾ô㡣
˷ۣҲô˵˵ѣ˵ĲʵҲǼġ
ֻǲϣڻûպõ£ȥøԶ
˵Ҳ˵զ˵
ҲҪһᰡ
ӲĤֻǽ첻֪ôˣƽʱһԾܵ׵ͷҲָС
һһεذγȻ룬ϸϸͻƸС

ˣȨͶϾ˾ͰæѲ˵λڳƽԡ
ӲĤλǲɵģҽһ˻ָ۲˵λ
ȵλڵλ󣬶Ͼ˵Ȩ磬̧ȣ
̨Ҽ򵥵ֹжιۣϾý̶ܻһԿֹڶĿӡ
̧ǿۻϾԼ̧ȣܹ뵽۸Ȩķʽˡ
Ȩ۶ϾȻͬⰡ̧ܱȣõġ
˾ȥϴˣϾҲǿһ7.5޾ףʱ׼̧ˡ
ܿ죬Ȩ˫ϵĳʽ䣬Ҫʼ
̶ýңش֮ǰϾԲһŶϾȨСֻǣϾȨȲ̽
Ȼܳɸַλ˵꣬ͷֻˡ
ϴֳ֣ʥƵȨʱɵˡ
ϾµƤ΢΢ţΪеҡ
ܳɸ磿
ַλ
ʦҲͽܰ
ڻΨһڶĵӣ㲻
Ŷãˣѧס˼ϾػӦ͸ܳɸ绰Ϣ
̶̧ͷɨ˶Ͼһֵۣͷȥ
Ͼֱؿڣ̾һ
㻹ܳɸϢʦܳСˣõ


ʮ ããȻĴ
ʵҶöϾܳɴ绰˾ȫûҪɶû˵Ҫ⻰
ҪסԼ£ɱȶϾҪøܲ͸硭
ܳϾͽͨ˶Ͼĵ绰ϾҪ˵ݺ
ܳɻǳϵرʾȵллϾϾ͵ˡ
Ҷϵ绰ãܳɾͽңȻȺͲ̶ʺãַλǰ׼
Ȼܳʵǲ̫õ׼ģΪò̶˵΢㣬࿴ӵƬӣȻƵԼ֡
ڲ̶ͻȻͣ˶Ͼ̽ȶ֮󣬸մ˵㰲ȵİ
ѹ⻬ԲƤɳԱŲŲʦЩǿҽҪ
ʱӵĵһַ̨λ̨֪ͨдڶڹ̶G
ǸǳԵӣȫûԼʦһ̨з顣
һ߮ڣ͸ô
Ϊ߮ȻԺᣬҲȷͷ̫̫ϲ
ͷŲתһȦڳַɾ׵һߵӦٳϷ
ǰַ̨λ֮ܳɹ˺߮йϵ⣬Сеϵ
ǿƵЩ¶ҿֻƤ񾭷֧ȥˡ
ĲתһȦ̧ͷܽӦܳɵĹַ࣬λʱ򣬰˺ܴæɡһûüʡ
̶Ǹӽ;˸C͸ӣûˡ
ӻ⻰ʵ˿
ԣ
Ǹ̶ֱӾŲ
ùǣֻҪϵʱ䲻ãҶҪѧġ
Ŷ˵ͷʾǳͬ⡣
ԼҲãǰԼʱԼô޴밡
Ҳñҽá
ôŵʱҲͷԼ츳ʵã
ֻͨĶ985/211㲻ϣԼĸ߿ߣʵʵ϶˵ġ
оԵʱ򣬷ҲߣȻûԼϴѧҽԺȥϴʾܾ˼ҹϵҪȥ뷨ȻȻѡ˵ɳаҽԺ
ûоܾԼĸԼ˸εʦ顣
Լ㹻Ŭʲ츳գҿǱڼ䲻ԸԼ츳аɣǾȫѧҽѧϱԼ˺ܶʱ׼
Ȼꪳɳ˰ǿõ˶Ƚ
ȻѾԼѧУõõĳɼˣɰǾò̫
ȱعͷԼϴѧоѧʱ䲻ʱ򣬵ȻڼӰӵ㣬һЩȽʵѵ࡭

գ
˼άڳԼ߮ҽѧ츳ϲʱ
һΪֱӴ˼άͻȻ󱲵ͻȻһȻĸо㿪ʼɺ󱳵ĳһҴ
ϿʼתͷԴ
̶ֲƵŲæΧ̨
Ƚֵǲ̶Զ̨ڹλǸܵĹࣺӾͿ𣿡
ԵΪ㵣ֻϧʱŰǲ̶ı顣
ڲ̶С࣬ãȻı飬һǱ飬ûеա
ܳɺưѲ˵֫ſˣʦڻѾʧ߻ָǸλȥˣǾҪC۸ɡ
۵ֻٴ־ǻ֫ʹ͡쳣ֲ֫Ρ
ڹ۵£Ƿλʹͻ쳣ǿ϶ڵģ۵ĶǹǵԺжϡ
ڻˣʹһ޷
ΨһܿĻߵǰĻ֫Σʧˡʵ׼ȷ˵ôXϿȻҲ΢һ㡣
ֻܳҵЩ֤ݣȻ˵ȫˡ
̶ʱҲԼ̫żˣΣҽҪCˡ
ŶõģͰ˱ͬһشӸԵĵϽҡ
ô˵ɣƵĴҽҵCʹģڹǿƺͼƼֱࡣ
ںCۻλú󣬰ѻߵĽ֫Ҳ˳䣡
ҵС䣬ٴСڷCۻӵĲǣ
ҵCۻǺͲ
̶ԸѲػʿһ¡
ɫƬУɫֹǺǶӰ˳
̶һȻǹߣʧˣ
ʧˣ֮ǰǸνģɹۼĹתͨĹߣ
ϿԿ϶Ѿλȥˡ
ֻǣҽѧǼ򵥵Ʋ⣬ҲǼ򵥵һԽУΪ˰ȫµλƽ֮⣬ҪҵĲλƽ棡
λƽ棬ֻܹǷڲ෽λǰλᱻڵס
Ҫλƽ䡣
֮ǰĲΪʲô
ɶֻҪǸͨĹۣܱƾ͵ˣ˲λеλ㻹ȥλʸλĲ
̶ƿ꣬϶ʱˣ
֮ǰX߿Ĺ۵ģڣ˿Ϸ죬Ȼڿ϶ǴڵģԷŴöö౶϶ܵõ
ûλʸλ
ǹۿŸλҲĽ˰ɣ
ȻĻ
õ⣬תͷ˲̶̶ϸλ󣬸пп̫ϧˣƣ˵԰ɣ
ƵͷϾȨͷ
һ仰ĲˣȫԴʯ̶ͿˣҪĻǾֻΪȥˡ
ȻҲǲУ̶Ҫ϶еC۵X߽һɾ
ȫĹǿҽȥǰ飬ҲǻߴӲƽƬ˭˵ӦΧڣ
Ǿʹʯ̶ͻزɣ
ƣȥͼ̸̸̶һһããȻĴ


ʮ ȥͼ̸
ƣ
̶ƫͷһۡ
Ц˵ȥ
ȥȥϻء
ȻͷҲصؾȥǳȻȻ
ֻ߳źƲԼͷϵɫñӣüͷ
ɲһò°˼ȻѾŽңǻߺͼǰ϶ǺͶϾֽѾҪ׼Ѿǩ֣á
ʱҪȥͲ˺ͼ̸Բˣǲ˺ͼΪǳΪǲզġ
Ʒѿȥ͵顣
һöϾȥ˵ֻǸ¼ҽԼϼź˵顣

ܳɿ¶
뿪
Ͼ㵵ؿ˲̶ʣʦʯࣿͻز
Ȼȥ̶ʶϾ͸оóöϾΪ׳ա
ϾϽ죬ȴ˵ʦ˵ˣ̨ƹڶĿӵ
įĿŶ
õĺõġϾСƵĵͷ
̶Σ̨շѾͺˡѲأ¸ǹǿշѵʱ򣬾һַλʯ̶ɡľ˿̨Ҳõš
ѲػʿϵͷõģΡ
ҲֻεͷõģΡ
ող̶˵ˣ˵ַλ̫ˣټĻе̫ϧˡ
˵ġȻôˡ
ţǵģ۱պַλʯ̶Ҳһ֡
ֻĲαһʽ䰡
Ҹ䣬͸˰
⣬˶û뵽ġ
ܳϹֱֺӾͰѲ˸ˡ
ĬĬ߽䣬˺ڱϵġ˱ƽʱһʱźòͻƽȥ׵ڳҩӣȻʼĵ໤Ĺ̶߼ѪкѪѹǡ
ٿ˿ҵļʱ塣
1022
˽ҵʱ0951
ɵʱ1019
ʮ˷ӣӡ
Ҷ
Ǻܾҵģҽְǹˣٴ˵ѡָָ㡣
ȻٺѲػʿһͻ˲ͬʱ֪ͨһ̨˽ӽҡ
˵רеûж
׼ɨİ̶ýУֱӿ԰һ̨˽ӽ
1029֣һ̨˽ҵʱ򣬰ӺѲػʿûϴֻʿְѲػʿְλѲ˴ſƽġ
ΪֻҵѲػʿܹתӲ˴ſڵһ̡
ҵϴֻʿѲػʿʵǿģֵֻలŲһ
˽ˣӻûء
㵱ʱץץԿǣȻĬĬվ׼ȥ׼һ̨Ʒ
Сһ·ϻͷʲС
׼ſڣһ˸ϽæƳ
㱨Σ19̨ȫ飬21̨飬Ŀǰ
ΪӲģϽ㱨
˵Ҫ׼׵Ķȥһס
һ㶣⣿
Żһѹʣ
СҪôСдϴˣǲǵ׼ôְ˰
Ρ
㣺
TMʲôʲô
СȥͲˣһ̨ϾͱţҲøŲˣ㲻ҪϹ롣
ŶŶŶǸ˶ʱɴ⣡
ſһո˵ѧ
˶ʱ˫һ¡
һ٣
תͷʮвУ
ǾͿһ塣
ˣƣ

1034֣
㱻Ի͵ſڣƳϰѾõҩע뻮һض
ŰƳݸ㣬СΣæţҹȥкˡ
á
С㲻¸¸ӹʣǵµǰһ졣СıӰ
GϺϣллΡ
תͷƳңȥãͻˣѶˣС˵ʦԲ
űϿʼ˴һ˵ӲĤ
1057
׵꣬ƽ
ųߣ˵ʦҪȥϢһ°ɣ
ֻ׵Ӧù
ɫ˿̶ˣС˵ǻûȥϴ֣ƻҪַλٵȵȡ

תͷ
ϾվԼʦʦˣܳɸҲҪַλô
ţ̶ӦһȻƫƫӡ
ðɣ̶Ͼ˶ˡ
ܳɺͬʱվҲϴ֣ƬڴĹоѾϸĹֱܳλվһλ
ܳҲͺҪôλˡ
˴ԣܳɺƸԾλܳ˵ʦ̶ǣ
ã
ǣʼ
ǣ
λʼ
30
꣡һ
ܳɵʱж֡
ƻΪͷˣ˰Ѳͷʡ
ƣTM
̶·Сѧ¿һʦӦվ뿪λһܣһ
TMֱˡ
ܳɽ˵ʦȥCۻ͸һɣ
¡
ӺC۽ˡ
ϾȨֳĬˡ
Ȼ͵ȵһ䡣
ƣǲֿϧ˰
ȥͼ̸Ѿѧ
תߣۡ


ʮ ӵ¿ҲҪЪϢһ°
߳ȥˣһ׳ʿһȥⲻľ
ʱֱ
Ҵܡ
⣿
ڵµ΢΢źţѽ
Ȼתͷ㣬ίˡ
ľӵġ
һ̨պô׼Ϣһš
ҽϢʱ䣬ҽʱô
ֻĻûȣͱ̶֪ҪC͸ˣ߳ҡ
ȻԳߣ߳ȥ
Ȼϣ̶˵ˣûӣӡ
ҽðѲ˰׵ѲػʿѲͻ˲
ջص䣬رûЪ
ţǸո̨ѾҹԹԵصˣԼʦѾǰ׼ˡ
Լˣ
ǿ϶밡
һΰͰӲḤ̂ŶʮӰɡ
ŻͷͿǿƵһȺڡһ֣
ڣ
ҲŴֵ̨ȥιӣͲˣӲˡ
ӵ¿ҲҪЪһЪ
ҪҰ
ȷеۣΪһСʱûͣ
Ԥʱֵӳˡ
˫Ų̶˵̶˿ץץͷϾȨ͵ϾȨȥ˴ʯ࣬ͻزɣ
ֹǵĹۣʯ̶ġ
ϾȨ˵ͷ˵
õģʦ
õģʦ
˵תȥͷƤ΢е顣
Ͼʮֿɬ룺ʦǲ˵õģһҪأ
أ
̶϶ЦűǸΡˣǵ鷳һ¡
ޱ˵ΣӦġ
û취ҽԵľ뷹
ȻԼѧתȥˣ
һε֣ûԭôʹ飬ԤõıǣȻһ̨Ҳᱻӽظһ̨
߽ȥʱ򣬵ֹʦǹǿҽǹ𣿡
гֵΪǿƵ׽Ū
̾һԼѧ͵ȻǹģǿƵĹ۸ַλ׵ǳʽ
ǰǹǿڲ⣬Ե˿󣬻ûӴַλ㲻֪
øԼѧͰΪǿƵεԵʣԹǿƺܾûַλˣԼѧûľȻʶ̫
Ҳⰲ˿̵飬˭̨Ҽӭ̨мļӣҲõۡ
˵ַλʵֻͻ鷳
ϧûȻĻԿҪӾϸƤ񾭷֧
ĿƲƲ죬Ҳÿأ
ȴ˵ʦ´лһ
ﲹ䣬Ҵˡ
ֻȶϾȨʯ꣬ӲĤĹӡ
ϣСֻ㣬ഭ
һ£ҲѧŲ̶һͷ˵ֻǣǰǿַλֻйǶƵĺΣַλʱƽһ̨ҪʮӣҪC۲͸ӡ
Ÿ̨
һԾͳɹ̨ô͸λȥģҴûû
۵ַλֲˮҵÿһ˵ĹλһһӾͽսŶ
ԣʵǹǿƵڹΪǸַλСᣬе㲻Ծ
˵⣬һ
˻
ôոյһ̨ǸΪӵĹ۲˵ַλȫҲҽڲٿصġ
˼˼
еã̧ͷ㣬գգ۾ʵʦ˵ǰ̨۲˵ַλһģ
˵һ̨Ĺ۲ˣʡҽҩѧҽԺĽ𣿡
ЩԼǻر˸Լ߮ô
ôоԼƵġ
һĥ˵ġǡ
ӽһʼûλȥ;תƤ͵ġȻȻػص
Ŷ̧ͷ˿ҵſڣȴû̶ֲǸԼϢġס
˵ˣʯˣȥһ²˰ɣȥͲģô㣬ҲǸ취룬ǾҲ̶һ¡
̶Ϊ˲ʡԼǸԼҽܱţ
߳ȥĹУ̶ʹſ˽
㻹ûڣ̶Σࡣǵһ̨ΰɣȽǸ¡۵ĲˣǱҪġ
Ѳػʿ
Ͱ׼˵Ļ˻ȥ
⻰ڳһڿ԰Ъһô



ʮ ѲأCۻ
ܿѲػʿһͬѲͻ˲ȻƵߡ
˦ֱۣҲ۵ùǺӡ
ࣺ㣬ǿƽʱĽ࣬ǽô𣿡
нࣿǲ̶÷ʲô衣
ǿƶüûַλˣǰҲֻкżһǶǴ̨м䡣
Ҳš
꣬ЦƽʱǸεİ࣬󲿷ǴƣԸϰĽɣ
ʵͷƵһһ̨ٳĸСʱϣ߰˸СʱҪת
ʦ˹ǿƣȷе㲻̫ϰߡ
ͽ͵ʵǹǿõģʱ䶼ܳƣǰ°ǳе飬ҽҲнĺǫ̂ˣֵͿԹһؼ
ʼǿƵĺô
𣿡գգ۾ʡ
ʵеæдЩƷʱ䣬רҵоٴ֮ء
ǵİ
ٺ٣Ȼ˵첻֪ôͻȻ۵ַλˣǣһӾ̨˵ͲǴؽʡʱ䰡˵꣬࿴˿ʱ䡣
漸̨Ҳ˳еĻ°ˡĵػء
⻹ǹǿƵűȽ϶һˡ
ұΪҲҪ㵽ϰ˾ŵģû뵽ܳɣôһ֣Ϊʡ˲ʱ䡣౾˽սϰʱ򶼸Ϲ˵˻ȥ
̨࣬תҲʮСʱˡ
ܳɣǽǸʦôʡ
֮ǰûң˲֪ǰ淢ʲǫ̂ȫǸˣ·ԼĴڣΪƽһ
ðһָС
ʮӣӣŪá
͡Ц
ʦǹǿƵĹ࣬ǹ꣬㵹ǿԽʦ֡
ţ˼
ǹǿƵҽţ

صҺ󣬰һεӲĤһȻϸؼһ»ߵټһĵ̶λעҲάֵýϺá
һ²˵Ҳûʲô󣬰ʵʵֻ
ϰߣǸѧģҲʲôһаȵ£ȻöʮСʱһţҽʱ򣬶æĻ̨ĲˣΣˡ
ȷһ̨ҲɹǴ¡ۺ󣬰ﰵкЦ
ǵ˻ַλѽ
ܲ˰ɣ
ҵʱˣɹǴ¡ַλģʱû˵
ҪƵĻҲܹǽ뵽ˡ
ֻҪһʱ䣬̡̫
ȷܳɣҲûٶԲ̶˵Ҫַλ϶ˡ
¡۵Ĳˣܳӵ¶弶ĹַλҲˣģΪ̫ȶˣҲ͵һ̨Ǹһܲˡ
ĻǾԵӦ
Ч󣬲˱ҵȡλ
ΪҰŲֻҪСжμɡ
ܳϾͺͶϾ˰Ѳ˵Ļ֫ǣϣȻԹ̶֮󣬱㿪ʼ̽
ܳɵҲʼæˣԼСӣû˼ֻͺżලԼҵĳһڵϣΡ
̶ȥϴˣȥϴˣ٣֮ǰ͵
ףⲻǸ˭
Ҳȥϴˡ
ϳ˶ϾֺûϳΪûסϾ
һû˼ˣԼոյ˼άеЦ
ԼǽʲôæԼľˣԼʱ䣬ȥںϵרҵ֪ʶͣô
ţ⹫ں͵ĻƤ񾭷֧͡
ô
ȥȻüͷͺݺݵΪͨƪ£̫ӲˣȻַԼᣬҪ漰Ƚϸ߶˵Ľѧ֪ʶͲʳʹãټϣͼƬֲ
ʮֳڶ
һ֧Ƥ񾭷֧ͺ󣬰ãȻ̧ͷոտʲô
ô̬Ķ߮Ȼ᣿
Ȼˣе󲡵ţ̬
ûƢǲ
ˣֻۼĻȷȦɵ㣬Լǿôڵ㣬
ֲǵļԲÿҽȫ̵ƿء
ٿʱ䣬Ѿʮӹȥˡ
˵ĻȣѪѹȶȶ
ҽæһţһţ֪ڽЩʲô
ǽʲôϢĸоá

̹
ѧϰĸоҲã
¶˳ֺΪµش̽˳
ͻȻ
̨ڶֻڡеһֱֻ˱һѲأCۻ͸һ£
ʱȫⶼˡ
·һģļ鴤һ¡
£
ʲô
˵ˣǸʲôܳɵġ
ħô


ʮ ̡ܳϵ
̶ŵص˳ΪΣȨеġ
֮ǰܳ˵ˣַ̨ܳλΪ½ǷܹٴַλĿԡ
̶Լ΢еࡣ
ٺûɹ
ܳǸʲôɺ£ˡ
C͸ӣʯϧˡ
Ǻܺạ̃ûô֣
Բ̶Ҫѽ΢һ
GҪôһӰѿԸˣԼûס
ȻһԭǣϾԼԴģҲܰѶԷʹ
žžžһӸλһ̨Ǳ۵ҪȻҲǲ̫ʵġ
Ȼ̨ƲӻҪҶˣôϢ
Բ̶ͰѴ¡۵̨ǰˣ˳һµҶһһӡ
̬̫
Ȼ˳򣬲̶ǾԼˣ˻Ǿܳɽһ¡
ܳɣһ̨ȽǸ¡۵Ĳˡַλ̫ˣҿǸεѧ۵ÿˣ΢һ½ࡣ̶˵
ܳȻӦ˵õģʦİš
̶ԥһǵȻڶĿӡ
¡ְۣڹ̶Ҳڶڹ̶ȻڶֿܸвһǱǲģڶڹ̶
ܳɷǳ⣬㶣
ģһ̨дҡ̶˵
⻰ʵǸܳɶףѧϰһڶڹ̶ˣǾͻͼȥ˼
ллʦܳɸϽ
̶˽µҶϾ˵һ£ϾȻûʲôӦ
̶Ҳôѧϰģܳɻ࣬ܳɰԼʦôæ̶ʾһ£϶˵ȥ
ɣǰ̨ҲĻģɱܳɸŪûˡ
ԶϾֻ˵ʦõģһܳɸһǰ׼ġ
ǰ׼ҪˣԼϿ϶ȨˣϾôС
Ȼܳɾ̨ˡ
׼ʽǣͻĵֿסˮƽλɺ֫ͬʱչ֫
Ҳ֪ܳôŪģǣǣһ󣬾ȥ̽ˡ
̽ܳɶԲ̶ƿ˿˶ûȥλ˼ܳ˹ȥ
һϴʦ鷳һԲ
֪ܳҪʲô̸ҲԼġ
ҲûҪʲ̶Ƶģ
ԲƿƤ4cmҲһֿܳɾͰԲˡ
絶
ֱӽӵȼпλڹ̶Ĺǿҽе״̬
ܳɣС˵΢㡣
״ֱ̬ܳӻأѾܴѽҪôʲô
Ҫôʲô
ʲô
谡
΢΢һ¡
nia
ôذѵҪ˵εȻȥô
Ĳ̶üͷһ塣
ˣԼΪ˿ܳɵĽʻǿģ¿Ӿͺˡ
ܳпƤ¡Ĥż
ܿ챩¶˹ɹǴתӣ
һĻò̶ƶ˾ˣ

λˣ
Ǹ¡۵Ĳô۶λôõİ
ǣ˵״ӲУʲô
ѵǸոܳǣﵷ˼£ͰλҲˣ
ƻ±֮ʡ
ܳתͷŵ롣
˳ֳĵ룬ȥ
һֻҪܴ󣬶ұ𾪹۵ĸλ
˱ܳɰѵŪˣⱾǸ̶׼ġ
˶ˡ
Ȼ̧ͷɴ۾Ų̶
˼ԡ
̶۾һתҡҡͷ
ܳɺذѵŽȥ̲ʮӣܳɶԱ˾úѲҶԼ⡣
һֱ꣬ͱ˹ɹǵԶˣ
ȷڹ档
ۿɼ˲C͸ˣܳɾͺһϴʦ꣡
ġ
ֿ˿̶ϴֻʿ˿̶̶Ƭ̣˿ҰʾѲذѿݹ
ܳϿʼ裬ൽ12ź󣬱˱ȳȣ
ߵһԣֱ11mmx220mmѺϽڶֱ
Ȼֱӣ˿˰벽һѲأCۻ
һֱӰƸˣճȭͷݺݵܳɵһ£Ŀⲻϵ̶򿴡
˼˵ܳɣ˰
Ҫ˱˾ԣץӾꡭ
Ҫʿɶֹ
ܳϻع鵽ʵ
ҵˣģԼʱһ¡
֢ԺһҪ취С
˰벽Թ˹ʲ̶ʦãCۻ͸һ𣿡
̶ǳ˳飬ֵסˣȻ۽ٳ˳飬üͷ˴룬ҰѲ˺þãε˵һѲأCۻ
̡ܳϸ
Ӫҵ
ֵӵС
Ѿǵڶλǵ˰ɣ



ʮһ 㰡㣡
ֻС˵ϽվһȦ˻е¡
Ȼ㿴Ȩİæ£Cۻ̨򿿣ͬʱϴֻʿ̶䷽ߡ
ٿ˿Լѧֱ˱ɵ
İļ򣺡ȥˣҪ͸ˡ
һ飬Ŵķлָüͷݺ߶Щʲôǲҳߣ䷽ߡ
ǰؿ˿ҵļʱ塣
Уһʾʵʱ䣬ҲǼӡ
1201
ڶʱʼһ¿ʼ㡣
002251
ʮӡ
ˣˡ
ǵðɣ㽲ųַ́λ
ԺҲǿƴˣ˭˭
ȥ͸һ£͸ӣҪĿģһ۵ĸλǿڶǷڹǻڣûд֯ȥ
ڶڹ̶˼壬ʵǹڹ̶еĹ̶ڹ棬ǾǲԵġ
ֻҪţΪȫǡ
C۵ʾһܹбλƬϣڶڹڣûɹγɼнǡ
ΪʲôҪбλСȴλأ
СֵܷøЩǱסˡ
ƹѰ
ܳɿ꣬ɻһ㹧Եͷʦڶǹ̶λģĽԶɣ
⸴λЧˮƽΧڣ
̶ʱûܳɣڵС۾ҹأ˺þöûҵеĹߣͷɨܳһۡ
ڵµ΢
е˵һ仰СܰӵĻҽԺûǰϣпƬӸǹҽƵŲţ
ȻǲܵģǰƬеġ
̶ֻǵ˵ͷţڶŵò
̨ϸ̶ܳȨֻӣϸܳɰĤż˹ɹǴڵʱ򣬾͸ͣø̶ġ
ΪڵǿԽǺʮǧܳˡ
һǷڶôؼĲڶ̶֮ǰҪѹ۸λá
ƵؼǸλ͹̶ǲ̶ġ
Ҳ֪ܳ˻զģЩؼ趼ˡ
ĽԶʲô
¼ҪôдĲ
ڹʽ׼£룬ýƬԶ뽻
ص㣬׼ʽ
Ǿڶֱ֮ӱ۾ͿԵĲˡ
ˣһ£̶ﶼ̨Ƶġ
ڱܳɶ
ɲ̶ܾܾһûĻöԸҲֻܵһعˡ
йʽ˵۾еţеˡ
׼һװϣõѵתˣװתƬԶһȭ
߷ӣս
̶꣬û˿ĳɾ͸УֱӰһѣ˵ƣͶϾβƬ
ܳɣ̨ȥлҪ˵̶ɴص
̨µȨһ㶣
ܳɸҪ̶Сˣ
ƵͷظõģΣ
ϾһֱĬͷе͡
˵֮ǰܳڵһ˵ַλϣܹĹ۸λȥò˼ĻôܳɵĲԼֱǽά
ϾһֱΪԼܳɵٴʵڲ֮䣬ֻһ㡣
ڿڵе׷Լʮ궼δܿܳڵλá
Ӳ̶ʼʱðʼˣΪĲʱ䲻ܳ
Ȼ˵е迪š
ƴСʱңʱҲڰСʱҾͽˡ
˵תһӾȡٶ˿
⻹ûеˣ
ǣΪϸҽҪٴϵģҪӿת˼Һȡ
mama bioɳ˵ģ
ʲôʱƿʼΪȵˣ
ԸˣеľƣҲֻӲţȥֵ顣
ȴֹԺҲǿˡۡ

̶İܳɴҸˣź˵Сܣ֪ΪʲôҪôذг𣿡
ܳæͷ˵ɹǴ¡п/պϸλڶڹ̶IIIҸոԽȨˡ
̶̾һͷǵģ˵ˣԽˡ
Ҫǵһ飬ǾǲҲԸIIIǹˡ
ҲֻǹǿƵˣһʲô飬˭֤ܹסѲءϴֺҽ˵Ŀڣ
˵⣬̶ֱ˱۾һͣεҰɣҽԺĹǿƣʱûʸԴ¼ҽԽô༶Ȩ޵ģԡԺעɣ
ȻҲһΣû㡣
û㣬Ҫ뿴㵽һɲɡ
ҿˣ㻹ǸӲӥˡ
Ų̶һתʣҽԺų磬˵ҪѡһԺĻôһֱҺư
ܳ΢΢һ㶣Цһ£ûػ
Ҳ˵֮ǰʵǱңҲղ˰ɣ
ᱻ
̶Ҳû׷ֻǵ
ܳɰ㲻Ҫϼҽʦ׷ЩʲôҪȥϼͨҪѧЩʲôЩʲô
Ȼ㣬Ҳֻ㳤û԰ɣ
Ȼ̶һ£ЩΣţ
ѽ㡪
ǿʱųûһݡ
˵˵㡣
ģ
ĻרΪȥһȦҪ֮ǰҲҶһ顣˵̶꣬תˡ
ܳ
ʮӺܳϴϲллʦ
ûж
̶ѾˣҲ֪û


ʮ ¼ǿж
ܳɲûϸڲ̶߳ȥϸĥһ²̶Ļ
ɹǴ¡۵Ĺ۱պϻпλڶڹ̶ڹǿƵּǱ׼
ڿҲֻĸƶʱ
ΣмְƣǲãҲҪҽʦС
԰̶ҲôԼ
Կη
ǿڲҶܺ˵һ̨ĲߣֻйǿƵҽѲػʿеʿ
ҽƣκٴҶƽпҡ
ҵĻʿ黤ҽûһëǮϵ
û£ҺôҺãһκ⣬˵㣬ж
ܳɵĺǣ̶ܳɲƨɣϾֻܳǹ࣬ˣʱ㣬ܳɸأ
Ҳ̶
ĸӻߺ׵ݣ֪㱳Ļ
ʵǺʵҲпġ

ٽʱ򣬲̶ڣȥһˡ
Ѿ̨̨ϾֻϾŷϵβ
Ӱܳɽһ˲䣬ʹ˸
Ӷ˶٣
һֱ֧䵽ʵĸϽš
ལίˣھҵҵԼıְһֻ͵С۷䡭
ɹǹпλڶڹ̶Ĳˣôʯ࣬Ҵ¡ĹۣǴʯ࣬ãȻǲġ
޾ɴǶϣܳæ˺˽̶͸Ͻ˵Ͼ˼βġ
ԼֹܵĲˣԼһЩ£û鷳˵ġ
ϾЦЦҡͷ˵С飬ܳɸ硣
εظ̾
ʦȥܽһ
Сܳɽгȥ첻ˣ
Ҫ˵˵Ļѧ߮ѧؼˣñҵʱϰ岻ǩ֣ǲŽԩ
Ѳת˵ת˴ϣȫĲ˿͸ңĲֻͻز
ѲػʿѾ׼λʱ׼ת˳·һûиĻ
һ߰εĵͷһ߿ʼϴе
ʮ˷Ӻ
һδ
׼Ѹٵؿʼд
֮
Ǹ
ѲʦCۻ
ϣ˲ʱڵ㣬ҩģ嶼ûȥ
Σ߳ҡ
ԼĪһСʱӡ
һؾ͹ⶢܳɿԲдˡ
Ȼ󿴵ܳɺ˰ŪһֽΪ
š
Ѳʦ˼Cۻ
ǾͿʼ鴤
оԼ类ħñ
˰ɣǿƵĴ硣
ʮί
132824
ҽԺ15ҽձǰֹͣת
Ͳ˻صҵʱ˶Ѿˣ
ұͰĴɨԼ̨飬ƺĬĬشˡ
ۼڿͣˣ׷ƣӣʱǰԲεӡ
ѾļʱǰߡʬŶ˫صŵ棬ǽڣɫè
ʱڼѲػû£Ǻ棬ſһԴЦ˵
㣬ôͿ°˰ĽڹǿƵҡ
ͰͬʱĿһɣûȥ
ǰ°ࣿǰ°
˶û
ûֻǷ˷ۣʵǲ뽲úϢϢ
ǸѲػʿҲû˵ҡҡͷˡ
ǿƵĵ̨ʱ䲻࣬°ǳ£ĽģҲǹǿƵרƻʿ
Ҳ֪ǹ˶ã
һ˲ųغһȻ󿪿ڵƣͻ㣬㲻Cۻˣ
оðɣ
ǰãʵҲе㻳ҵ߰ˣû¡
ѲػʿҪҲɲ١
֪ͨ׼Ͳˣеļ̨ŵģڰʱȥ
Ҫ׼Ĺ
ҴææذҪõİ׼ˣƵ
̶˵࣬ˣȥͲˡ
TM
Ͳ˻󣬰һ̨еͻȥһ̨
Ϊÿ̨еǰϸġ㲻ãҲֻܵ·䡣
Ȼ֡
CۻȻ˰æ
漸ΣͲ̶˵һѧ໥ãɿ˿̶ԼС壬סˡ
̨Ϊ˽ʡʱ䣬ȥðˡ
ִ˴΢еϥǣҡͷǿƴʵ̫ˣԺҲҪǿˣ
ǿƼֱħ϶ĥҵġ
˫Ŀշ޲ȫ޿ı顣

̨һŻСʱ
󲿷ʱڴͲˡһֱڱ;΢Ϣ˲ʮӡ
õһ̨Լ߮ȻĻǾ̨ת˿ͣЪˡ
߮ҲǹǿƵġ
ţǿж


ʮ ϲԸˣ
ķƫͷûתͰѶ˰ĸ첲ϣ˵Ҳ۰
ϢһɣҵطȥԷȥ
ôˣʵڲҳԹˡһȥ𣿡
һĸо
˫ţһ˫øԶ
ɫĽЬڵ淢΢
˫壬ڵߣͷ΢ظ˵㣬˵ȥ
Ҫȥ춼ô࣬һҪúһԼ
ʲôԻ𣿡
ϽҡͷʹˣԲôؿڵĶһԾӡȥԳ˰ɣм˹ݾڸ·
·еΪԼСӡ
ҲУҽͲˡȭͷ¶˾Ƶġ
תЦŵĻʰ
Ÿճˣ101.54Ҫ1.54
첻ˡʼ򣬾Ϻǻָһ
ǿƵ˶ħǰ߮ˣһBT
߶ûйǿƵô񶾣϶ͷԼġ
ǿƲ죡
ϰйˣٲɡ
ܶܶˡ
ԼСӣԼ뷨еЦ
ŻӣͻȻվ̾һͿʼ²ۣܳɣ֪ǳ˻ҩզģôͻȻһӾðˣǵؾַλ
Ǹ̶ҲǣƾܳɺϹ㣬ַλҲ㰡
һһˮҵһֲǻ
ôһ˵Աߵİƺ˵ʲôҧҧ촽ʣܳɣǰַλİ

ͷЦžȭͷȻһֱô裬ȥؽ״ȥˣؽҲҵˣҵİŮ
ùӳԡߺߡ
˸֮ͣʣ˵ôô°࣬ҲġҿԶؼһ̡
ʮһѾˣ̶ˣȥѧ϶ԸԼĶһϲ
߱ҿܾ֪ܳΪʲôҪôˣҽԺǷŻҪӹѡһԺ
ǰԼûϵԼҪҽԺƾԼѧʵͿԣ߹ϵҪ߹ϵĻȥϴѧĸҽԺҲǿһ
û뵽Լǳŵܺߡ
ţҲôġСûϵûѧģ᲻ࡣ
ҲҪ΢һǡ
ߣˣԷȥˡ

ͬʱƺͲ̶°࿪ˡ
ܳڿ￪ҽдԼֹܲ˵¼Щ
󣬲˵ƲûнܴҽҲû
ϣܳϾȨӣȻȲ߰һȥԷ
ı˾ԼռˣӲ̶áһʣܻвĻᣬȻһֵǳԸ
ϾȨҲԼæ
ͻ֮еġ
ðȥʲôȨӣֵ˸ʮСʱھԼԳһͷţ
Գ˰ɣ벻Զǳ·ܳҪͣȻ˱ѡĵطȻϾȨԼнĻҲνġ
Ͼ磿˵أȨڵλΪΪ硣
һʼȨǺϾģоԵ̫䣬һ֡
ϾЦ˵ܳɸͣܲӣȻ򳵹ȥ㣬ˡ
򳵵ĻϹء
νϹؾǣҶ¼ͬʱ˭еĳȵ˭ģƽ
ãܳɾͲˣûҪʹͻԼͺǮߴһ
ҶǿС࣬СֻܴڶϾרҵоٴҪҲ١
СֻڵǰսȨֻһˣȻȸˡ
Ȼ˵ܳɸ磬Ͼ磬ȥϢһ·˰ȻϢҵǡ
˵ҽ칫ҵȥ
ܳɺͶϾ˵˵ͷûȨ˵á
ȨҽϢҵʱ򣬿˿߮ô߳ŵĻǸСͺƤʼǱֱʼ˱ʼǱķϡ
߮磬ûȥûȨȿĿڣֻȻȻһ־ηֺ֮ɫ
׼ȥǵ̨ô
ǰˣ߮һ˵һԼ˫ȻѱʼǱ͸ֱʷֿˣʼǱߵοտڴѸֱսС
֮ǰҵʱʱӻƵڸһַλͺͶϾĹ̶ϵŲ٣ٴȥһ̨̨ܹ
ûǰǵ̨ˣǰ°ˡȨһ߻أһ߻Խִֵкһߵͷһߺ
ָ硣
⻰бũҩҲ̧ͷӣʵǽ̨˰
Ҳ߮缫ΪѽĵطԼңСʱһ㣬ҵʱ⿴֪ͨߵģһ̨
򵥱׼Ĺʲô˼
߮û˼ˡ
һҪ˷ʱվȥαأ
ǣԼųСʱһ㡣
̨ˣ
ٶֱӵ֮ǰϴѧҽԺԼʦڵŶӣ
TMʲô
ǲǶҲתֱߵˮҵ
߮粻ףе㴥֪ʶä
ҲסȨ򿴡
šˣĹ۵ַλʯ̶ٶ졣
оҲͦ˼ġȨ룬˻ص
߮統ʱ۾һɡ
֮ǰûãȨʱԼԼת˾û˼
е㿴ҚG
˼
ҾϲԸͻˡ


ʮ ҪѧԼ
ֵԣ΢΢š
ûȨ˼
ֻ˵ﲻǲø۵ַλ
֮ǰԼϵǸˣζȥ˲飬ַֻλ
Ϻǻ˵ĵĻǲ̶϶Ⱑ
ֻǳڣʹظַλǲҲ̫ʣ
ûػϸϸ˼̶ѡĥԺԼ˿棬϶ø͸͸λ֮ĽȻĻױ˵
־ԼԺĻᣬ൱ģδѣеķʸ
߮绹оͦ˼ģȨ֮ǰ˵ģû˼仰
ȨûϿôʵ
߮Ҳûʲôν飬ԼʦﶼֻΪ˿ߣ͸ı˳ԵĻͲ߮ˡ
߮Ҳľû˼
Ȩ˻е˼
߮ЦЦˣûȨ϶ͣҲû˵ʲô
ûȨĻϣҽԺֻĿģһΪС˵ɷ磬һôôһЩˬˡ
֮⣬Ľ֦
ϾԼʦԼܵǸ󡯣˼ġ
߮ûھʦƺҸ˰Լ˩Լĸѧˣ԰Լȥס
߮ԶǷǳ𾴵ģ
ҽҵԼ˵ԭ򣬺ʦ޹ء
ʦԼʦеʦֵܣΪգʦĸ԰ˣȻȥܲʦ档Ϊ˿Щ硣
ɵ߮簴ʱԼһҿȹݺ󣬵Ĳ׶󣬶׶һۡ
ȽһԼûգ̽硣
ȻͰȰȰȵؿʼʡ
г𣿡
з𣿡
Ǹģ
ѧʲô
ʲô
óʲô
߮統ʱͱʵһ¡
ʵ󡪡
ҲʵˣֱӾԼĹ˵˾
һҽÿˣ㳤ò˧׼߶ûﵽϲ
ڶĴŴ磬ȫ²ǧļҾ̫áŲԣ̫ʡ
ĹȶֻǸдС˵ġ벻ȶҽöԺڵҽ㻹ߡ
ģҲûʲôŻ

߮˵һĲֵ
߮ҲûɫֻǿЦЦ
ǺƤؼŮ΢š
֮ﵥˡ
һº߮ȦС
߮ľΪԩ
òã
Һֻһ档
ˣ
ԼϲҺðɣ
Լ˵һһǴ
㻹ܿϣҲǹӵġ
ֻ߮˷˵ѣҲûռ˼ҹıˣڸƭ£
û˵Ҫ׷㣬ֻǼӸ΢ţһģ͵϶ĵڼѡ
ϲң
ҲѡϲҰ
кҲҪúñԼΡ
˳أ߮˰ҽԺ뿴Ǹ׶󣬵ǶôĲŻ磬ҽѧ϶ôš
߮綼ûȥǸ׶ʲôˣֻ˵ǰҽԺƵģˡ
˵ʱ䣬΢ϵͳ
ɷ磬ܹӷḻС˵ڵṹͬʱ˳һ°ҽԺƶѧҰ
ֱӴ򴩱ˡ
Ȥ
ĵƷ
Ҽʶ;Խܹ࣬ӷ
ܶ˵ĲͬӦܹ
Լ׶᲻֪ң
þҪ֪֪ԼҲҪ취֪˳ÿ׶ôŻ硭
ȨǶû߮ϣһѪˣҲʿһȨͨĹĶס
רžΪĶףȥѹ򣬻ǲġ
ʱ䣬ĥĥ飬ѽ
ܳ˴򳵵˹ݣСѰʽСģװͨʤڸɾ
λüѾİ仹
ܳ˿ŵһߣϾſڣȨ˲λзԱ
ܳԹüΣȵһѩ˳ǳ·
ȻѲ˵ݳ˵Ҿ˿ԵˣܳԵ
㣬һ˵ɡܳɺݺݵʹ˾ġ
Ҳһٶ㡣
ȨͶϾǲܳɵģɿ˼۸֮󣬱㲻ˣֱĸˣҲٳͷ
ű˵Ц˵ǿĹ͹ܴҽ²۵ģҪ˵ģġ
ĳһʱ̣ȻϾҡҡ
Цŵ㣡
Ͼ⻹ˣܳɺȨһ˻ͷһ˲
ҵѲػʿ࣬ǿƵרƻʿ֮һܳʶġһŮǶʮӡ
ܳûϸò
ΨһӡȽľİΪ£
ܳɵͣƿǱߣҲк㣬Ǿ𣿡
ҪƴټӼ£þûһ۹ˡ
͵ܳɣܳܶϾǲ룬ȷˡ
֮ܳǰҲһԹʱƺͲ̶ûཻ̫飬ôʶġ
ȨҲǷǳغкҵĻʿɱȹĵλ߶ˣǹϵãٰԺҲùЩ
ûֱӻػֻƫͷߵŮ˵˼ʲô
ˣɫԱ任˼£Ҳƺ಻þܾƴ롣
˵㣬Ǿһ԰ɡ˳Ҳҽһ⼸λǿƵͬѧ¡
Ȼɵ֪չ
Լİˡ
ɰȴãȻԼ곤ʵѾǳˡ
˿ƺԼŬѹֿˡ
Ȼ׷ֿ϶ܣ
ǵ桭
ͬˣͽ˵λεѧҲǸոոǴҽа
ܳվÿλͬʱеԱ²˵ǼӼˡ


ʮ Űһʱˬ׷ޡ
ܳɷȨһֱͷΪе㲻Ƶġ
Ǳƺе˺Ա
ӻô׷ŮӰܳɹȨϷݲˡ
λǿȨģȨȴͰ͵ش˿Ͼһȥ
Ͼ˵εѧ󣬱æʵҽмҽж̶ʦѧ
ϾΪ˸ýаʲôѧûѧ㣬ͬѧҲԡ
ȻȻؾԼλŮ֮Ĺϵð
ΪϾڸովͱסˣֻǿԼΪȻ
ʦ֡ҽ·ݲѧһ󷽷ػء
ʦֺʦõĻǰսѧһģҶϾܱҪȰһЩ԰жϾʦ֡
¡ѹ֮ǰûôƯŮءϾɵǺǵЦΪĬؽһ䡣
ȴûӶϾĻЦһ£ҿһܳɺȨ
ϽܳɺȨݣȻܳɺȨоҽԺ磬ҲԽһʦֺʦ֡
ֹֻһԷһûѡӣ
ԼںΡ
ܳûػڼӲˣΪˣܳɾ԰Ĳ˼ӵ˰˸
Ȩǵ˵ͷһ䣺ʦãҽȨ
û˵ˣҲ׽Ϊ֮ǰ׷ĹУʵĸⶼ˿ɲƭģҲʲôֶκĻ
ǲ
ȻֻܾԶ֮
ܳɵ˲˺󣬲ŵ㣬첻˼Ҳ֮󣬲ʦŶ˵תûЪ¡
Ͱʦ˶ˡ
֮ǰҾַֻλȥˣûôࡣ
ǲ˼
˵ˣԺַλĻһڼԺʱ;ˣˡ
ԣͷ˷ۣһ¾㻹˼˵
Ͳ΢û۵ģоƽʱ˾ŵ㻹ۡһ˵ţһšš첲
ֵ֮ǰҵʱȻҲöིʲô´ΣɲˣҶЪ
ܳɾЦǰǴҶû
϶ΪƵٸ鷳ˡ
ҪҪﻹĻҼȭͷҾԲ֡
׻ֲЦˣܳҲǹġֻǾ˾ȭͷҲû
Ȼת˻⡭
һ½˲仯ͻʳһؿˡ
ζڣ֮ǰĶԹԹȻûˡ
ŰСʱʳڷˮˣ΢һ£ܳɾȥˣȻԻȥˡ
Ͼ˰΢ţôʱʵǲԸģҲûþܾͼ˺ѡ
ܳûؼ΢ţֻ΢һ˳˳·ҪҪһ򳵵飬ȻֻܳȨ˳·Ҵ򵽵ĳȵֱˡ

ܾ˶Ͼ룬һˡ
ڳϵʱ򣬰ӣ㣬óŰ
챾Էģ˶ٷ´԰ɣ
õѽ
̲ô֪һҲգζȱĵطҪڣǽһ£Ȼ顣
ȻѾʮһˣѵнôǰ°̻࣬׶԰ùܵӣȻ΢һ£
Ѿɼ˺Ӻ󣬹ֵˣ͵͵ȥԼ̲軹Ϊġ
̲谡һе룬ֺ±ֵ
춼ôˡҪͷ˸رʽɡ
ã

ܳɻصԼȾϴ˸裬Ȼ׼˳һ¹ڹȱס
ҵĴ󲿷ԴҪշѵģܳԼҲоûеĴѧͼԴÿһƪҪĻǿ϶ġ
ܳɴʶϾһ˺ź롣
Ͼûģͽܳɡ
žŵӵʱܳд˽ģⷽ
Ȼʼһֵģ⡣
ѡЯļܼϡ
1.֫ǡֲʾ飨2.֫ʼʼν3.ȱĹǰƣͨ
ܳѾӵ˻ĹȱĹǰͨˣ˿Կʼһ߲Ѱ·ˡ
ҪӦĻܣܹȥθߣ˻ȻЩ
ֻһڽйסԺҽʦӵзǳʵĽʹסΪѧĻ
ͬʱĿȷ¶ģϧһдۣΪķչܶӦĿȱ
ɹͬ鴦̽˿ʡȴŬǸŮӲҪϵʽ׼뵽˹Դ֮С
Ӻѵ뱻ܾˣ
ţ
ʲô
֮ǰúõģôӺѶӲˣ
ܳ˫һɡ
ټ
㲻ģȥ棬㱻ˣûκκøУɫʧȥá
ȡսŮ²
һܺҽԺҽ񲿣ļܴĹ̽˼Ϊϸĺ˲飬˼дУٵ©
nia
⵽ô£
ܳ˼һ㶡
е顣
Ծ籾԰
ܺԽIII飬ع˿ҽ񲿽ݣ˳˹ҵ
㱻ڵҽԺ¿ҽԺסࡣ

ʮ꣬գһûӴȱǰһε
ģ


ʮ ˼άҪ䣡
ģ
ۺ֣֮壬ǧơģδ򵹣һ֮һ
ѡһ
ܣ崴ͨ
ܣԹ̶ͨ
⼦߼ܣ
ɶģ
ģЩ˷ˡ
ܳɱΪλͨŬѹȱĵȼһģû
ʤޣѡ˿Թ۵̶ͨ
ȨһԴˡ
õ˼ܺ
ܳɲδϿʼһεģ⣬ǳ˼һΪ֡
صôأ
ϴɫΪ緢
Σ
Ӻѵ뾹ܾˡ
ȥ
öԷԼĹϵԼˣ
˵ȥ
һѣôǰô
ڣ
е
TM˭֪ء
ܳɷԼıʼǡ
˼·ûġ
Ҫͨģ⸱һܣҪߵĲӣĿǰѧľ¼
һȻûԵļܣҲãͨҲá
ڶõ˻ܺ󣬾ͷѼܵǰ缶ˮƽҪǰȨޣͰߣҪȴʱеá
ҪԼȥº¶ȼѣҪӴԴ֧ţҪһĵӡɵڶҪشԼŶӣ
Ҫ

˺þãܳɱó¼ۡ
ģ⸱棬ҲһżȻԡ
ͺñ֮ǰһģǸŮ˵鲻̫ãԼ͸պײǹϣ
һβɹܳɴһΡ
Դ
Ҳ˷ģᣬزҪִƽ·ߣҪ;ʵڲУǰ򣬿ɱٱࡣ
˼·úӵȴʱһζ
ģ⿪ʼ
ĻʵĿȷ¶ģԸΪ˹ȱǰķչͽŬ
Ѿõϼҽʦʶ㲻ٵٴᡣƽƽʧȥǶΡ
⣬ܳɺȻ㶣ȵȣ
ϼʶƽƽ
Ŷ
ûַλ¶壩͹Спڹ̶
ܳɻȻˡ
仰ȴܳؼ
ֻ߲Ŭ·ˡ
һ飬ǾʵУѾڲ̶Ϊ̵ӡȫԳΪıѡ

һºӿͬõŮϵʽԼ˳ֵ׼뵽׷С
Ӻѵ뱻ܾˣ
ţ
Ǳܾˣ
һ£
ڰ
ܳΡ
ټ
ºϼҽʦ·Ľѧ֪ʶںüιؼУΪҰı¶
ǣ»ϼҽʦΣǿʼ¸ᡣ
ΪʵĽѧ֪ʶܿ˹ڹ̶װȡ򵥹۵Ĺڹ̶ϼҽʦÿοһĿĸо
ˣԺĻᣬϼҽʦɹõְо
ʮ꣬ǵٴ飬ȻδʵԵͻƣһоЩͬǣѸߣȻ˼׷ʽ߼뷨ʼģʽ
㲢δ˺͸ĸýȻʮϵĸ䣬ޡ
꣬ˡΪһֱޣҽԺδ㷢Ƹ룬Ǳѧϰ
ʮ꣬ڻ˹ȱĹǰѧĵλɹһ̨ѶоԼΪ֧ѡ˻ع޶Բ
ģ
ۺ֣һ㡣־ǧһΪԼŬδִܵﵱǰΣѾ
ѡһ
ܣȱĹǰֲ
ֻһѡȻѡˡ
ֻǣܳɵüͷһ壬ûǽ̫ˣ̫Ͻˡ
Ͱ࣬ʮſʼӴǲеġ
ʮʱѾѧϰĻƽʱڡ
һѡʱвͨˡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôǸԼŬܶŮӣԼ˵⡣
ĪǣҲʲôȻ֪Լ˹ˣ
ģܳɵԶ󿪣Ȼ֪ǲܵġ
ûŬܳȻ׼ġ
ٴϸ˱ʼǣڵȰСʱȴʱĹУܳɼд˵ѡ
Ȼһģ⿪ʼ
ܳ
ЯʼܣܣСпڹпλڹ̶ܣַλ¶壩ȱĹǰֲ
Ƿʼģ⣿
ʼ
ܳĬء
ԼŬģֻŮˣ
ʵҲС
˼άҪ䡭


ʮ ǣŮˣ
ֻһڽйסԺҽʦӵзǳʵѧסӵг򡣡
ܿõϼʶ˺ܶĻᡣ
ܿڡ֡ϼҽʦĹУ
ٴ飬ܿΪ˲ɻȱһ֡
ϼҽʦʼͶұ壬ڿΪǣߣ۱ƿо顣ڵĵλܿڸһ
һºڴĵظ۵ıƣǿҵСǡ
һС飬ΪǿתһȦ֮󣬾Ҳȥˡ
⣬ܳɾеЦ
ģ˼һС飬ֱ˵߮粻
һºСԹƷʽѡ֪ʼ»ԼѧĽ̿д֢Ӧ
ʮ죬һС飬ʦеǿ飬ʦ潨飺ʱöԹ۵ԭָϽˣ
ܳ㶡
һĺ߮簡
ֱӰԼʦ˹ôӲŸգ
ΪܳûǴĻĿǰƹѧ̿鼰ǿƹ̲ģڴ˵½ڣϴѧҽԺдġ
Ľ̿顪
ܿصõʡڶ֪ڵʶ
Ŀǰϼҽʦذ㽻˳ȥ뿪ǰϥ̸˵Լĺڣûʶŵ㣬Լ̫ĿⶼԼѧϡ
ܳɿţŵЦ˵ʦʦԲ˹
ֻģ⸱ˬһ¡

̲ܳסЦ
ϼҽʦĳ飬ʱҽԺɹࡣͬʱʼ׼оѧͬʱ㷢֣ûʲô׼ġ
Ŀǰĵλϵʦܣڼʵʩ۱ƿͬʱٴĵؿعСппλڹ̶Ŀ⣡
ʦӵIIIȨޣȨ޸
ԴİĿǰоʽģһ޷ٽȥ۰Ͱ͵㡭
G
ܳЦЦģĽչʮ˳
ܳͨκ߮Ӵľг濪չûʲô˼ԸСƨһ¡ۡ
ܳɻţô츳ߵˣûȤ

ɲȤ츳õΡ
۰Ͱͣ
ʳ
㡮ؽӹλ˹ؼ֣ȻְȨʦܡţû֡
̡
ܳﰵˬ
ڶܣʦٴΰǵʦ˹һҵڵͬУΪˮƽµǰIIIȨޡ
ͬʱʡڵҽѧǿƷֻĴѧ飬ʼ򻪹飬ѹ۵Спڹ̶ʽΪʽۺϿʼѧ齨ĶǣĿǰΪʽʽ󣬶λΪIII
ҽѧᣬܿ˴˽顣
ʦյȫҪѧ룬һشĹѧ飬Ҳʦ뺯
ʦһһܾˡ
һĽ
ԭǲ롪
ǲᣡ
G
ǣʦʱתսĿǰڵĵλͬѧϰ
ʦ治ǹģֻΪ˿ظӶʽ
ͬʱڵĵλϿʼ˹أϣʦ
ϴѧҽԺ¿ƼҽҲʼ˹أ
ϼҽʦյݽ˴ְţԴ¼ְϴѧҽԺƣͬʱԣƸ񹥶ְʿ
ۣ
ܳɿ꣬ûˮ
ϴѧҽԺúݰֱӰ˸ˡ
뵽Ϊ˶ڣҲΪġ
TMʵҲϴѧҽԺ
ϴѧҽԺżܸߡҪʿſԡ
ܳɹƣΪֻƲоѧ̶ҲǺоھҲ첻ҵˡ
Ʊɣ
º󣡡
Ȼذѹ۱ƿٴʵʩתϼҽʦʦ֡㵣ܲ߻
ϼҽʦʦƺʲô
ܳȷˣơ
ѹСпڸλڹ̶ٴתϵоʦ㵣ܲ߻
Ү
ʦɹˣ治ǹİ
ģû˼
ܳɴ˿ָ췢ġ
˵ʵûȥڵģ뷨ûй
ֻģ⣬ֻ⡣
תսȱĹǰ˿飬ʦӧ㵣ܲ߻
ðɣȻܹͣ鲽档
һºϼҽʦʦּʦٴ飬չѸ١ʦڵĹȱĹǰ˿飬չ
ʦܷǳʧ䣬һλԼʣʼдĽ࣬ѧϰ
ضǸ˵ŬһŬģһȡϺȡ
ܳɣ
磡
ô棬ġ
ʵõģƺʦڵĿ飬ǶѾϵ˵ġ
ڿŵֻǰдƷѡ
ȻΪΪʲôڹȱĹǰ˿鰡
ǿѽ
ʦܵı˵ΪΣҲǱоĥĥȱĹǰʽķչ͹滮ܶ˻֣̽ͬ
ĳһգӺѱܾһλİˣĺѡ
ܳɵʱ۾һɡ
Ŷ
⡣
ǣŮˣ


ʮ ġԱաʦ
㿴ˣ˿оȷβܡ˴£ΪѾҪİˡ
˸֮ɹõסԺҽʦ淶ѵ֤顣ܾҽԺǳϿҡԺ룬ʦʦŴعϴѧҽԺǰڹʱԳ
ڣ뿪죬һ㲻ʶİŮͻȻҵ㣬ɫǳᶨض˵
㣬һŬ׷ģҲϴѧҽԺ
Ȼ÷ǳͻأ¶Է˭û⣬ֻǾöԷÿһ䣬úüͣúŬ

һĹ۱ַλĿ⼰Спڹ̶Ŀ⣬Ⱥһڽ⣬ɹط˹ʶ־ڿϡ
ûвĵдݵռʦֵֻǰѳɸĿͷͬ󣬾ͷˡ
ĳһϣʦͬʱҵˡлʦϣʦܺȵ΢е࣬ǳֿض˵Բ𡣶Ϊڵٴ⡣
㰲ο˵ʵ
ʦȴ˵ʵ飬ҲǷȱһο㣬˵ͬʱҪķѾĶ˹ȱһ顣
˷ҲǱȻٴ⣬Ҳ൱ҪҲǶԹߵĸԼ̫УԼʦʦ֣ȲϣʵҲֻǸΪͨ˶ѡ
ΪЩԱ򡭡
⣿
ֵܣҿȫϵİ
ʦʦֽвοĽ⣬תս˹ȱĹǰƵĿ顣Ȼһ֮󣬷ֻǵǰ˼ֵ
ĵʦȫٴĵĲԴǿ鿪ʼȫٴѭʽؿʼʽ׷֮·
ܳ˲п
ƽ̨ƽ̨ƽ̨
ⷢչĽȺ͹滮֮ǰ߲ŬʱҪӿ졣Ұӿ
רҵĽڣŶӣҰĲǵĹϵܹģרҵˣרҵ飬רҵڵĽֻרҵڵĴò
ܳɼ
ͬĳһգȻһŮҵ㣡
˵ѾҵˣܾԺ룬ǻȥڵĹҽԺ
˵격ʿڿϵĵ·Ѿߵ˾ͷû취ٸһܱҵʮֳͷŬ˶׷Ķ
ʦܶ׾٣ڶ̶һʱɵ顣㣬ʦ֣ܹȥʵѧĸ߷ˡ
˵Լе쿪
̹ףܾԭɣ˵ı˱ˣҲѾŬıԼ
ûڣÿ˶Լ׷󣬲Υ׵ļֵۡȻҲ̹Ȼض˵ϲ㣬ȷҲҲԼʲôط㡣
ҲҲһ㡣㣬ֻǵظ㣬˶ѡ
꣬Ȼ£ȻȻٴо
ܳɳпһŮ˶䰡
ڶʮ꣬ǿ㹻ĻۣڹȱĹǰϣ˷ǳشͻƺͽչԹȱĹǰ컨壬һϸĶ塣
ǵĿ飬˶˵
ѾΪݵʦǿеĳɾͣʮοжݺᣬԴٴ޺ҽѧ޺ڹ޺
ʦڶ̹ףȻһѧΣڵĳͻҲ㹻ҪȥԼϲȥˡ
ˣȻѣȻһ
Ҳ˼׷е뷨ȥӰףǸ׶ȴǳӺȴܾŮˣ˵һֱûҵʵģϵڣҪպϴպϡ
ͬ꣬ڴ顣Ļٰòʢѡĵطͽصҽѧá
Ļϣҽѧѧɾͽǿѧɾͽ
ģ
ģ
ۺ֣һʵǵҽѧ۷壬¶ҽѧƷʽҽѧѧƸֻ֧ҪڼҪģΪ䲡˶ٶӰ䷢չҪԡ
ѡһ
ܣȱĹǰֲ
ˣ
ڳˣ꣬ܳڳһ
ѡܺ
ʱļӿ룬ԼĹڹͣȱĹǰ֪ʶϵ
ңڵõӦļܺϤʾٴ˶ԡ
ںϼܣȱĹǰֲ֫ǼǣܿɽܲʧǷ
ܳɷŻ½࣬ʼ˼


ʮ ϵĻǣ
ܳҪһ£ȻȥȻĻ˼·ظ
ܽһ⼸ģν״Ƶ
һΣףֱӱըɵˣԼڵĻǲܹ磬ǵмܻÿġ
ڶΣȻûףȻܿܿȻģ⸱ֻܹЯܵƵԭ򣬲Լʵʵ
ڲǰˣԼʵʵҪԶԶڳʼģЯļˡ
ϣڶֵʱ򣬿ԶЯܲźãȻĻû취ɵɷӡ
Σ辶
ȡΪĽõԼҪġ
辶˼άúߵÿԴ
ģ⣬ܳٴȷһҪ顣
ʵӰ쵽ģḶ̌ͬģģḶ̌ҲӰ쵽ʵķչ
һжδ֪ԣܴ̼Ҳ
һжǶ˵ĻǷûô˼ˡ
ȻܳҪһһǣҪѵģʵ΢ֿ¡ǲܰģеʵ
ģǶģӰģͨģԴﵽܺȥһˡ
һҪá
ģĹУ߮湻ùģ
ԼΪȱĹǰδϵͳоϵ
ȴʲУҪȥͶȣϵģ԰Ͱߡ
֪߮ˣȻȥЩأһǰ
ʮʱ򣬻ȥ¹㣬ȥ׷Լ룬ܳɾ߮˻ΪģԸǹ˵㣬Ƿʮ㣬δǻ¡
Ͼ飬ϰ
Ͼ˭иҶԼ¹ġ
ܳɵǺ뿴߮ʵУǸʲôˣʲôأ
ôţҽԺһֶｵά˼²뵽
ʵһֱıԵ
ǳпܴһάȡ
ܳɵ̬Ҳʼ仯һ㡣
ңǸŮ
Ҳ˼ģԼļ֣һֱܹʮ꣬ȻżδطϴڵĹļҲδʺġ
Ҳû˭ԼļأŮӿҲ
ܹرģʮû飬ɵȥԲٵ
һӣҲһӶѣܹΪԼмصĶΪġ
ţԵðǰģеҲ
Ͳȥ룬϶ҲֻһЩԵļܡ
ʱ䣬ٹ滮һ£׻ܹЩܺͷ
Ͼܳɵĸлֵſ8㡣뿪һ20㣬12㡣
ݣ˵ѲѣҲס
ΪԼû취ӴˣܲˣԸл̶ֵƲˡ
ҲܼǼģðѹ滮á
Ҫù滮͵þԼҰ飬ɨףҪӸӸߵҰȥС
գ
ܳȻؾ͵˿ߵӡ
ΪҲûеԵģɵ˿֣컹ÿһӣϽȥԼĲˣͬʱˡ
Ŀꡣ
ȨӶûе
Ȩһˡ
ʵܳɵ΢еɬҲȨôѡ֮е顣
žĻ˷ʱ䲻˵ʲôȥͶϾأԼûģ⸱Լʲôȥͱ
ûĻᣡ
ôﵽģ΢ݲȣȥͷ
ǵģܳ뷨Ѿ𽥵ҽԺȦˣȥ̽һ£Ұ֮Ķˡ
֮ΪܳԼб£ֻҪ΢һᣬܹɣȫߵøá
Ȼʹݲˡ
ʵǸʱǶ硣
ûϵ
ԼȨܶ磬ϾôҹϵҽԺȥأԼֻȥҽԺ
Ͳ֪һˣ˭أ
йϵĹࣿ
غͶѧоҵأǱϾ˵ԺڵĹϵ
ҲԼƣǱϾɳ˶רҵо¶һЩ
ܳɵҰӿˣԱô׾ٵȥλ۽ˡ

һ²˵ļܳҲ͸һȡ˽ңȺϼҽʦĵʽʼݵ罻ࡣ
ߵʮţϺһſڣƺı鲻ôÿеģ鲻̫õӡ
źɨһȦˡ
ʼ࣡ϺʿȷԸֵĻʿʼ˽ࡣ
Ϻûɢ࣬ٴǿҽԺҪԺһ飬ҽԺ¿ƵľǿƵ飡
ϣλҪˡһЩҪᣬȥһЩ顣
ô˵ţϺɨ˽һȦȻĿͣ˲̶ϣ˵Σҵ˵̨۵ַλ𣿡
Ϻ⻰Ͼ͸̶˲ٵע
ȻǿȦӾô
εİԣǺ˸Էġ
罻࣬Ϻһǳ


ڰʮ òû
̶̧ͷ۾΢գգ˵ͷǵģΡǽ̨۵ַλ
оͰתһ̨
̶һ£Ϻ֪ȻǲΣְƽġ
ֻǿҵΣûƽ϶ѣֲвӡ
Ϻ˵Σ֪ǸΪ⣬ѡַλû취飬ļˣҲҪַͨλܽ𣿡
Ѿڿǿ˺ܶΣﲻҪַλҪ۵ַλ
Ϻǳʽǿʡ
˵
ͳԹ
ݶţ
ͨĲˡ
ΣҪúÿеĺﲻַλ飬Ѿ˵ġ
̶ɨϺһۣޱ飬еЦ
Ϻ˵ݶŵʱ򣬾֪ں̧̧ͷʵϺ̶֮Ħ
ҲһΣǼ飬ҲûӰɣҶȥôˡ
֮ǰϺƱãϺĆ£
ԼѾ⳥ȥǮ˻ǰΪĲһˡ
٣е˰
Ϻȴ˵¹̫ãҾͺ顣
ٴҪģ飬飬ͲҪ
ҲԼĹƶȡ
ǵҽģٴϿ϶һ˳һҽʲôֵĲˡûĻǱ²С
˿ǵðѳԿϸط˼õģҪһĽѵС
ȣٴһҪһҽҪ󡣡
̶˷ۣ֪ϺǹģҲ֪ϺΪʲôΪȥԼ¿Ƶܳɵ顣
ϺΣӦǹܿġ
Լȥ¿˵Сĳְţ˳
̶ĵض˽˵ÿ֮ǰϸطٴָϻĶһס
˶֪ҵһϰߡ
ҲģǲϹǿٴָϵ顣
Σأ̶⻰Ƕźġ
ϺҪںô⼼̶ܲҲᡣ
۵ַλƣд˽̿ϣдٴָϵģϱƱɶѽ
Ϻ̶Ļɫʱ任һ󣬿ҲҶָ˵ģҲ˵ָϹ涨ԣ˵ԼĹشָϡ
Ļƽʱ˵ãʱ˵ҪǱȥǹƻд̸ġ
Сϣ˵Ƕָϲѽ

ЦЦûػֻЦЦ
Ϻʱ÷·һ
ǳܡ
ߵĻǿ˻ȥ
˸ưͿֻ˵ҲΪ˿ҽưȫͷչǣÿԼȨҲҪԼΪԼϵĲ˸𡣡
ҽԺеƶȣϣΣڣҪĵġ
ûʲô£͵ɡ
ΣǵȻһȥ°칫ңе飬һġ
Ϻûԣ̶ȻûȤȥϺʲô϶ܹȥģͿˡ

ǲ̶գԽ̶ûţֻҪƴŲ鷿Ϳˡ
̶վʾƵ˸Ͻȥ鷿
Ҳ̶֪Ϻ֮϶һĳͻһǲɱĳͻҼλԵм䣬Ͼʹˡ
Ϻǰû̫Իʸġ
Ͼһߣе㵣ԼʦһƣʦΪʲô֪Щʲô˭ģ
ô˵ʲôԭ𣿡
һ¶Ͼͷô
ܵ飬ܣƾеЦϾЩûԼĶλզģ
ϾҲǺģԼʦҲǳ֮е顣

߮˽֮󣬾С͸ֱʿʼддЩõزѽʵɷһ²̶Ϻûӡ
ֻԼĦˣԼʦû˵ҽԺʵϴѧҽԺ˼һЩ
̶ظϺΰ칫ң
ϺºΪ˵ΣҽʵΪ˹ɶģֻǫַ̂λе㣡
һҧʮ¾Ӧܹҵ˼
Ǽ£Ҷûϵġ
ֻ߿ͷֿʼô㣬ʲô¡Ϻ̱任һɫ
ǸǣʵֻԺҺ̶Ĺϵõġ
ֲЦˣ̶˵⣬ΣĵӱءͷչҪΪһҪصġ
Ϻͷ̶ɢһӣ̾һ˵ͺáҽԺﾭҺε̸쳶ǿҽưȫ顣
ÿÿҵͶʣռЧҹǺÿֵܶϢϢص飬ҲҪΪֿǰ
Ĳ˺Ͳ࣬ٿ˱ʣǾѩϼ˪ˡ
Ϻ˵꣬ΣһԼļϿһɽӡ
ȻŹʣ˵ҪټܳԺȥʯˣ
ȫûҪһ࣬Һ˵һˡαػأ
ҶˡϺһΪ̶ǵ˳ֵص˵̻ҡ
òû
Ϻ˵Ļɲ̶ȴﲻ˼ֱ˵ˣǾܳɻΪҪһơ
Ϻġӡ̻Ҹס


ڰʮһ ȥݽһ
ϺıȻƨ̻Ҹһݺݵˣٴ̺һٵϡ
ѹ˵̶֪˵ʲôܳɱƣ
ȵһ㣬ҽԺĹ涨ڵԱҪоشӹѡһԺѾǸ⿪ˡȻĳһЩȺԵġ
ƣɲܸġ
طܶƲȷʡƲŷ´
ȫʡҵλܶķ䣬Լʡͳһ˶ȫʡҵƵķ䱨ʡί
ҽԺʡίԱֱҲҪʡίġ
һȥҲ˵ϹأûкŪ
ǴҪѶȥŪ
ıҪκҵβ¿ϱģǲе㲻̫ʣ
֮ǰʱҲû̬Ϻݺݵüͷ
꣬ǿƿϱһҪͳȻͳһš
ٸǿƵͨµģֻĸͬ
һڵĿңǶƷͬ
ڲ̶ͻȻ˵ҪѱƸܳɣⲻǶ˱ĵ⣿
Ϊ̶ҪƴøݵĻϺĲýӡ
㰡
ǣ߶ѾͳﰲˣͻȻôһ۶ӡ
̶˵ͷĵ˵Σʵɣ£ҲǵֻҸ˵뷨ȥƶµġ
ǸݣҲõĹַλܳɰ˺Ҫæ
Ҳ֪Ѿѯʡڵĺܶڡڶ顣ѩ̿ĵġ
Ǿ¡
Ҫʲô뷨Ҫ̸̸֮ǰҲ졣
̶϶ҲϺʲôģдʡ
ںһ£ǻǿԶġ
㲻Ϊʲô
ҪʣʾͽǸô
Ϊʲô㱾˵ģղסʲô취
ʲô취
Ϻɫ̽˽գգ۾˵
£˵ӻڰæô
Ϻ֪£˵Ŀڴǲ̶ӻڰæԼ߮磬Ҳڸλг˲ٵ
ųɹǸʵû취Ĳ˸˿ԱƵ·
ʱ˵ʱϺڵóӶˣ˱˵ġԼûҵʵӦԷ˳ȥ
߮ԼϣԼȫ뵽ӻڸзĽַλġ
¸ԼģǶð
ϧκ¶ûĻᡣ
̶Σǲֻô˵𣿡
Ϻһ㶡
Ų̶в⡣
ʲôֻô˵
ҲܲӻڵϹöԲ
Ϻһɣô˵ֻΪӻӺÿ
̶ĻǿЦ
ӻڣΪչӣ̶ף
̶Թ˵ʵϣǿܳɵַλ߮Ÿλȥġ
ԼҲ淢֡
ӻҲҪ绰ʣ̶䣡
NMBʡ
㵱С
ⲻҪ
ǡٿǿǡϺ˿̷ǳͷۡ
ʵѾͳòˣǸƸø˭Ǽֶͬ˭
̶ҪܳɵĻϺԶ˵ؾͶһͬ
ûϵϾҲһ
ͻȻð˸ܳɣһò̶ǸΪ˵Ļ
̶ƵĻ
͵úúÿǣԼڵͳֵֵˣҪҪһ
ڲ̶ȥ£ϺҲǲȥġ
Һ죬ǱϵģΪ治֪ҰǶ鰡
һȥ˵
˵˵
ȥӻڡ
mama bio
ţõġΡ
̶ͷڶһں󣬲˵Σһ£ҵø˵һ¡
ʯ˵ܳɱģ˵ġֻǸ˸绰Ȼ÷Ҳ˸绰
ܳϵˣȻôʱĻΪĴʦһѣҲ˵ȥġ
Ҳʵеͷ۰Ͼѧ
Σ϶ҲΪѰɣ̶ҵһͬ㣬ʼϺ顣
̶֪ϺܰѱƸɳ˶ȻҪҲֵ֣㣬ȱҪˣȴԼѧֻһͬ
ϺΣĿ϶ҲеССεΡ
С
Ϻ΢΢ҡͷпһ£̾һ
˵ѽ

̶߳ΰ칫ҺϺһ䣺ոڵģ̶
ĵıµһ㶼û£
úӲ֪ڰһϺҲֹֻܵҵ˵
̶뿪˰칫Һ󣬾ЦеȥܵԼһרڲ鷿ˡ
ĺãϲϺ⸱Ա񻹲¿ˮӣΪԼǸΣͿڿˣ
Ȼ̶ҲոԼⷬϺǿ϶ŵġ
Ų飬ֻҪԼ˵Ļûë㰮׷׷£Ҹҵ϶ˡ

ҲûܳɹܳƣҲá
ǲ̶Ըܳɵѧưڸƣǳǿ¸ѹĻ˵ȥҽԺӲԹ涨Ͱ
š
̶֮ôΪܳɱһԭǣСӳַλϣҲǷǳһ׵Σԣһǳõ


ڰʮ 飡飡
Ϻ̶ȥΰ칫ңϺĶǧʢδ˲鷿ܴҽĿǰֻɳ˶Ӷˡ
δ߮簲Źֻܴ߮ۻڿ￴ʮɡ
˵ģѧϰ˵һ㶼û£
ܳȻǱƴŲ鷿ΪĿǰڵĲ˴Ѿ˴ܳԼĸˣһ28ɹǹ۲ΪˣҲÿ⴦
ֻҪȴȲλ֮󣬱ɰˡ
Ĳˣָ֢תʹҲǴȼᣬ½ֹͣҩ
ڿʼǿ´ߵȹܶҲԸÿڷƣڼɳԺ
һַλĲˣǴӽռɿʼͷױùܶԴѵ֫ļήΪ´ֵ׼
ȻҪǿܶ⣬ٳɹǵҩԼԤԿҩҪʹõġ
ȻĻƵһǻ٣֫Ķٻûһ͵ļѹѪǻ϶һ̶խ
ٱ仺󣬷ǳҪעĲ֢֫Ѫ˨γɡ
ʵѪ˨γɲ£ֻᵼ¾ֲˮףѪ˨䣡
Ѫ˨ͨ͹ǲſֲ
ԵѪ˨γɺĿƣȻѪ˨γˡ
δʵԤơ
ͬʱXߵĽǿ͹ۼ¼ҽԺϵͳӰѧٴַλͬʱԼһ·ʵַλ̫⣬תת
ȻļʷǳСϺһ仰û˵ٴҪһƷʾء
仰˵Ҫ֮
ɹǴ¡PTFNڶڹ̶ĲˣҲҪ󸴲XߣڶǷλǷο
귿ƴܳɵȷϷ
ܳɵȹܴҽȥɾҽҩҩдЩ顣
ܳɸ磬ȥҩҩǸռһ̨ԣ귿˲䣬Ȩ̰ѱһգȾͿܡ
ƵĲճ
ÿҩҲǱҪģĻ鶼
ҩֻ̨ܹȨˣʹܳɺͶϾ˿˳λȨҩȥϽлҩȲ
һ˶ջһ顣
ȨҲԽԽз׾ˣȻıҲ°ࡪ
ʮȨʤشӻҩһҩܳɺͶϾ
ܳɸ磬Ͼ磬мҪҩĲ˰ȥѻҩˣȨΪЩNɪʡ
֮һ˻ҩԻݼһϵĹܴҽԭǣҩϵĻҩûĻĬ㻹Ҫʹõġ
Ȩһ԰Ҫҩ˵ĻҩˣҪǰѻҩˣͿֱȥʿվ˵ԼĻҩ͵ˡ
ȻеСĻѾĬϵǱ򣬴ҶĬĬأҲ
ţƣܳɺͶϾ˶Ȩ˴Ĵָ
ܳɻء
Ͼ˵
Ȼ˵Ȩ磬Ҫҽ˵һ°ɣҰҽ꣬Լд
ͶұȻҽͲרŵȻҩҪڿҵ˻ҩλúרȥţſܲȵǣǳӰյ°ʱ䡭
ȨҲͰԼҪĲ˵ҽʼǣؽ˶Ͼ
໥֣ܹ°ࡣ

ʮӺȨ׼ʱŻҩ˰칫ҵſڡ
ǰ͸ϾϢȨߵʱ򣬶Ͼ֪뿪˵λñƫӿ˿
Ϊ˿ճ˵ĻҩӶɳ˶˸Ͻ˻ȥ
ҩˡ
Ͼ˰칫ҺɨһȦͷ߮µطֻһǳжģ
ɳ˶Ӷžžવẓ̇ʮڷܡ
ϾһȻˢһԼ˵ҽ
Сضܳ˵ܳɸ磬ҵȻд겡°ˡ
һȥϷ𣿡
ַλǻٺܶĹ
˱ûг˼İ칫ңʱɳ˶Ӷüͷ
ǲܲù
챾̨ˣɳ˱ƣҩûѪָ֢겻ò顣
дĲʮ⣬ܶô
½ǵʱ䡪
žŵ㲻
˰Ȩ
ںλզģ
أ
Ҳû˭˵
Ϻϳ˱˵ġ
ԼϺϵˣϺĽȻΥ
Ҳ˵ϺĽǶԵġ
ддƱơܳȨļ򣬵˵
ַλٵܳɣȻв̶ϷΣܳɿɲ벩һζŸɵ
ûκκô
Ȩ˵ٳޡ
ⲻû˼ô㿪ЦȨֹһ䣬ҲС
仰ʱñжŵ߮磬΢΢ƫƫӡ
̧ͷ˿ȨӭȨҲѧһζ飬Ȼֻһա
Ȩ˹
Ȩеܻ࣬鰡


ڰʮ ڴҰҷˣ
Ȩ磬ߵѾ𣿡߽߮ǳͰ׵ʡ
ܷ𣿡
⻰ɳ˶ֶתֻ
ɪ
Ȩɵ棬ں˭ãں
ܳգգ۾ýȨ״̬е㲻̫ԣеƹˤ˼
߮ԣܳҲö˵ʲô
ˣдͺˡ
߮磬΢һ𣿡Ȩǳػء
߮ӦУԿԣȻԡ
ΪЩ£΢ģֻҪȨľͿˡ
ǳ͡
ȨҲͷأ߮⻰еˣҶֵܣ˵ʲôֻ
нбص
ܳﳤ̾һ˵ȨǺαأ
֪߮Ǹ̫̫ǵȴҪȥԱ˳ŵģ
ҶǳˣҪΪԼ£˵ĻΣܳҲÆʲô

ʮӺȨͷ¼̣˵߮磬˼õˣѾˡ
ѽ߮ٴηֻȻ󲻽վ
ȨҲվ߮һ𹴼˳ȥʧɢֵһ㡣
ܳƤһһֲ̫ĸϽš
˿ʱ䣬˵ʮ塣
СʱԼҪȥȨȳ
ϾһڵֵܣȻȨΪʲôӳ߮ŸɣƽԼദǲģһѻҪһѵġ
ʮӺ󣬶ϾҩˣҲҪ컻ҩٶȲҲˡ
ѻҩܳɡ
ܳѶϾȻʮӺȥϢҿȨ߮絥ദţ»¡
ϾûȨ߮緢ʲô˵ܳɸ磬Ҿ߮壬ʲôĻǸõĵ߮ɣ
߮糤øݣû⣬Ȩܴ
ͷ˭ܰס˵ľˣʮ֮󣬲һҩ񣬶ҡܳҲ᲻ûҩʹȨȥҩˡ
ܳҪҩĲһģһ֮ǰĲˡ
ܳɿӿ˻ҩĽ࣡
һҩ֮󣬱ҪҩȵЩѾǶʮӹȥˡ
Ͼôûңܳɿ˿ʱ䣬һѻɫͰһ͸ϽҽϢϡ
ǧ¡
ϾȨӣͲʡô
ƿš
ȿ˶ϾվſڣţһԲ
ĿȨ߮˵Ц̸Ц
һԲӰЩãĿڻƵġ
ʲô
ԼԤϵģȫһ
ôȨúõ߮һûһţڰ칫ҵĶϾȴأ
ܳŶ߮תͷȻվ˵ܳɸ磬Ҳ°˰
ҾͲ°˰ȥط㿴
Ͼתͷһܳɣ˾䣺ܳɸ硣
߮ȨҲͣЦص߮磬߰пһ찡ϲˣø˼
ܲ˵㻰ܳ΢΢鴤
ܳɽſ߮⻰ƤӲó˳飬Ҳ֪Ϊʲô
ܳٴЦЦ󣬾Ȼƿ濪ˡ
ԣˡ
ܳãȻؿŶϾȨˡ
ȨЩɵͣ˵ܳɸ磬һ°ࣿ
ȥϷ𣿡ٴ롣
ܳҡҡͷȥˣȥɣһȥе¡
Ȩ߹ܳҶϾһɶϾû֮ǰôˣҲûôϽˣóȨϵã˶Ͼϡ
ȨͻȻıôĪǣ
Ѿ׷ǸŬŮˣ
ѹ֣ܾҵĺ롣
ֻǺˣԲţ
ܳ˲ȻζӦıѡĬĬɾˡ
ܳԼеССĽ񱡣

߮߳ҽϢʱɫԱ任һҡͷ
˰ҪģûôҪġ
Ҳһ
䣬Щδ˼
ҡҡͷ˰칫ҡ
ûȥȨˡ
ӶģĲʿΪʲôûȥҽԺ˰ҽԺ̫õףӦÿ׷ݵٵĹ¡
磬߮ʮӶ죬ȻԼ֪˱Ƚϸ
ã˲Ҫƶʱһɨա
ӶôõزΪ䣬϶ܹԼĹԣӷ
ǣ
ǸȨһֱﲻޡ
ںң
Ҫ׳н
̶ǼַλĲˣ
Ȼˡ
˲ƾͽˡ
ЧǿܶضйصΣ
߮翴˿ܣûɨ̶κˡ
΢΢ҡҡͷƵĽӲѧϰĽѧϰĿʼôҪ󸴲ϣһʱ׷
治֪ôѧϰġ
ˣǿԵԼС˵棬۵Ĳزİɣżܻܴճɸ·˼ס
ʮӺ
߮һ䲡߳ʱ
̧ͷ
졣
û죬ãȻؿ컨ϵİ׳ƣһΪصѹָС
ɫ۽һ
ǳԸȷһ飺
TMҰ컨塣
ȻҼҷˡ


ڰʮ Ƭйϵ
߮Ǳѧϰռزĵ̬ȥģû뷨
дһС˵زĺ͹زģͬҪġ
꣬Ѫ⡣
ͬԴġ
ܹʵеһЩ͸뵽УĻѧӦ
Ȼ
˱ѧϰ̬߮Ҳ뵽֪һ£ǸȨһֱںԼǼ̨˸ʲô
߮һֱôΪģһ˽һҵ֮󣬾ԽǻẦ¡
رҽѧһԽѧ;ԽѣԽǺ¡
ֵЩˣǲŽв֪η֪
һ
βҪơ
Ʒʽѡ
ֱƺơ
ƾǡַλʯ̶
ƾǡпλְڶڹ̶ʯ̶
Ʒʽûʲôߵ֣֮˵ͱַλ߼˵ַλͱӸ߼
κμƷʽ֮䣬ʵǲеģҪʺѡĸ
ƽȴиߵͺͲβġ
ƵĽôнΪ͹۵׼
ƺЧûӰؾŶӵˮƽߵ͡
ܿģڶеͬǰضزס
ֻΪ׷ƵٶȣŪԼƵĲ࣬ȫһΪɷʵ顣
һҽˮƽ߲ߣƵƶԣԲٶȺġ
߮һĲ˱Ǹ۲ˣϸXƽƬ
ΪѾọ̈̄˲ȥˣ֪ʲô
λ󸴲йоء
ǿﵽƵı׼ˣûʲôɿġ
µļˣҲӵĻǵûʲô˼
Ƶƹ̣Ȼ졣
ǵΪ׷ƵٶȣԵƵĻȫ᱾ĩ顪
ܵΪΪȥ
Ȼ󿴵ڶˣ벡˵ļϸͨõͬ⣬һذƬӵݸ߮磬۰Ͱ͵ؿ
Ͼڴʣҽǵɹô
Ҫ˶ҽѧжٵ˽⣬ΪԳɹʧģҽֻܵų̂
߮ҴһƳPFNAĲˣʱ
ôͿΨһĲô
֣ȿƬӡٺġ
Gãá
ͬʱΪǳרҵĹǿҽ߮翪ʼӰѧĲ棬ʼЧ൱רҵ
ǹƽƬɹλƬ
ȾҪڶûڹ棬ûдȥˡ
ڶȥǾͲˣֱɸҽ¹ʰɡ
ڶλ
ǵһ۾ܿģڲڹǻ档
ٿ̶
ڹ̶װɿģȫû壬ֻǸ˵һûκЧ
˹Ƥʡ
ɹӡ
̶
̶ã
Ϊ߮Եͷ
Ȼٿڶǻϳ̶ˡ
ñȥƣһ嶼㣬һȴû
ڶͺѡ൱Ҫ
Ҫʱλ
Կ
ڶǻ
һڹ̶װУ͸һˣſ۱
֮ӰѧǿߵĶԺϣ
ף
Ĺˣ
߮ͫףͬʱ۾۾ɵÿԲˣǰðǵʱ
һֵĹڳǰ
Ŷǰҵˡ
΢ɲĹߣ
ֱˡ
ÿѿ
ϲ
ҵ߮ժ۾
գգ۾ԻոŬ˫۵ƣС
ΪԼϹˡ
Ϲˡ
´۾͹۵ؽ
ʸλ
ǼΪϽĽʸλ
֮üΪΪ߮绹˵ġ
߮е㺧Ȼء
ͨĹпλڹ̶
ӿѧĽǶȽﲻ˿ϷĹ۶Ժϡ
Ͻ̶ϵĽʸλʵֻС
رĹۣ
еĹۣʵǸһĶλ̫õģ
ǲͬǿҽͬȥڹ̶ϵĲ졣
ȻһĹ۶λѣС3mmλⲢ˼ţҲָܹüá
óȥͬۺͱȽϣ˺һҽʲô
ϵĹУбȽǿĿԡ

ϽĽʸλȻйǿҽƹ۵ʱ׷
ٴϵĽʸλʵӦûʣӽʸλĹܸλ
ܽȫʸλ
ƽƬѾﵽõĽʸλ
ƽƬ̨ǳߣ
߮תͷ˿ˣʣ㻹ʹʹ̵֚ıƣ
ҡҡͷЦŵϵʱһʹڲʹˡ
ɫǳ滺ͬʱ־˾ٴƴʹá
Ҫллҽţ֮ǰûʱʹܲ˰ȫҽšϊ֚ǳĵرԼĸл
߮˵ͷ˵ⶼӦġٿǰƬţ
˵ļ߮Ӵңܿ˳
߮һʱͷƤһ顣
Ƭӣڿյ
ӵ崻ˡ

Ƭйϵ


ڰʮ ߮ߣ
һֲ
һһִ󲡡
ĲֵĹۿԽйۣͷ­ĹۣҲԽйۡ
λһȥԶˡ
ңͬλĹۣҲвġ
򵥹ۣӹۡ
ȶԹۡȶۡ
λûλ
¡ĹۣȻλ͹۶ʵҲԼԵġ
߮˼󣬳³һ
Ҫ
˼άڽӲִǰ
ôܣ

ﰵҳһ´¡۵ķ͵ļ䣬һǰλ͹۸ӵ
EvansIVͣͬʱۼС¡
ٿ˿󸴲ƽƬ
գ
⵰񰡡
ôأ
Խܾ࣬Խǿ£ԽǸоеĿ־塣
͵Ĺۣôĸλ͹̶
TMҪòã
Լʦ
Ҳδܹİɣ
߮ϸػһԼʦĴ¡۵PFNA
ȷ뷨
ҽԺ̶ҽʦ
̶Σֱеɲ
Լʦ
̶֪
֪Ļ
ԼʦĶĴһʲô뷨أ
ɷһ¡
ѵ
߮ͻȻ뵽ԼںʦҽԺʱһھʹӦĹ
ĪԼʦŲ̶֣ôһԼ
治ųֿܡ
ʦˡ
ôҽ˵ļ۰Ͱ͵ؿ߮磬ɫһ仯û˼ϰ
ĪǣԼŵʲôɣ
ҽŵã
üãǾͷİɡ
֚ѾԿʼ𽥼ǿͷѵˣ
߮ʾʵņ̀ţȻ̧ͷͷͻ

߮Ƭӣڲ˺ͼĸл˳ȥлл㰡ҽ͵ĺϸ¡
л֚
ҪǵúúüǿܶϣͿվ·߮һ˵һ߲ߡ
˲ſڣ߮Եػ˻
ĵ˼άתһ¡
ռһЩ˼ĲزĺƷʽزģԸӷḻС˵Ľṹ
ţܻǵһۻˡ
̶εˮƽ߮һҽԺĵڶ⡭
ȥʣ¼ַλĲ˰ɣ˵Լһ¡
϶ǲ̶ģ̶ֻв̶һҽʦûĸΣIIIȻǲ̶
ȥһ̶ϵĲ˲ǰ
һù˸Ƭӡ
ڹ̶û
ӦûдԼ뿴⼸ַ̨λĲ֮һ
ţ
Ҹոտ̫õƬӣ۾е㻨ô
߮ͫף۾
۾еʹ󣬲ҵ
ҵĹߡ
˻
ꡣ
MMPŶôַλ󸴲ĲˣҲôң
̶ϵĲ˶жɻզģ
߮簵²˼º
ƬӣõİԲ˲ģҵŸã
⵽Ǹʲô͵Ĺ۰
ַλҲôã
ѵǼ򵥵Ĺۣûλ֣Ҿʹʯ˵֣
Ϊ֮ǰϺڿַλԲϽȥİɡ
ϺҲе㲻ﲻַλҲ֪ôµġ
ǿǰƬӰɡ
ߡ
λ
ţ
ǹǸC͡
Ŷ
߮ĵʱе
΢ȵһǱŵˡ
ŵûӡ
߮˵վæ֣һ߮Ķһʣҽû°ɣ
ֹҽʲôţ
ҽԺչҹ۵Ϲˡ
ҽҲҪҷ˼ؿţǣˡ
ҽôݣҲ岻̫аɡ
ĺӣ̫ˡ
߮ܿվһǿЦŻصû£û£û¡
Ϲۣôûûϵɣ˵ſû¡
Ϲ綯ײ˵ģǲģжԷ⳥
ֻҪϹƺþͿˣ໨Ǯûϵ
ԼϹһʼͬ;ͻȻҽܳ˵Բַλһ£Ϳˡ
׷ҽãȷ˲ʲô֢ƵЧȣ̫
ϹٰһοҲãͬ˲Ľ顣
ǳʲôĻ
Ƶ˾Ҫθס
ûϵ⸴ĽǼõġ߮˵ͷο˵
Ҫ´ڲʹ£ʵǿĹܶΪվ׼߮͡
û¾ͺáұ˵Ҫģҽ˵ҪֲҪˣҲ֪ڸЩʲô
Ҫҽ˵ζˣϧˡԼԽ˵Խ֣һ졣
ܲκãһ̶Ǻ°
ŵҽʵû˼ֻϹܹá
߮ЦŻصûϵǵ飬Ϊֹ۵ģҷģҽʱعעǵġ
߮ͣҲҪ⣬ҽǴӿ͹۽Ƕǵģ˵䲻˵ĻҽļЧ΢ЩΪʲô
ľòҪ
ô
ҪѡʵƷʽպõʵĵ㣬ǲõġ
ͺñȳˣеĲ˾Ҫһ㣬еĶ÷Σһ
θպþ׼㡣߮һ˵ţһôĴָ˼Сָ鲢ï
߮⻰˵۾һGô˵Ǻеǳ˿϶βܶҲٵΡ
ǰи߮Ĵָ
߮͵ͨ׶
ͨ׶ǰҪܾء
Ӻ߮۾ʹ
أ
ૡ
Լֱ͸ʵϰû
Ҹ߻ܷѾⲻʵϰˮƽô


ڰʮ ߮磬Һͦ죡
߮磬ҸպôһôֵҽظպýһﲡˣߵʿվֵĻʦȷһ½ɷ˵ʱ
߮˿վ˲ǽվΪ߰ؿ컨塣
һ
ҲϴѧҽԺоϴѧҽԺģǱҵĵڶ꣬˰ҽԺࡣ
Ӧ߮ʦ֣֮ǰ߮ءʱ߮ǽеʦ֣ȴ߮ʦܡ
ԼͬһͬѧϴѧҽԺʿͬѧ߮磬ԷֱӸ߮еķһƺǡ񡯡
Ŀڣص֪߮ƽʱ·ǲһģ飬ҲΪߵġ
ԼǸͬѧǿƵִΣҲϴѧҽԺҽԺԺԹ߮ҪҪԺչˡ
ķؿɲԵʦ֣Ҳ
ԼȣҪɳаҽԺ͵͵ҹϵϴѧҽԺĶҽԺˣż濴ȥ
߮˽Ŷһ£תڷ˵ˣʦ֣´Է
һе£ҪȻȥ߮ľܾûкӲҲûڡ
õİ߮硣ҹҸط
һԡû߮Ȼʦֵ飬ֻǾԼԺúд߮磬һԺ߮ϴѧҽԺһ֮ԵԺ˵Ҳõĵط
߮ͷһС⣬߮ܵɣա

߮ҴҵҽϢңԼ˫ҰϵĺɫʼǱɫֱʶһûһģװοտڴ
ķֱȥˡ
˼жһǾԼʦһ绰
绰ܿͨ绰һͷԴŵҲ֪ǿỹʲô
ʦǲǲ㣿ҵȻ㡣߮Զʮ𾴣ʱʡ
ˬʵӵ绰һͷ˹߮簡绰ãոڿᣬģûʲôʵԵģ͸͸
ôڰҽԺ΢һ˰ɣڵĻ棬ǹػͰȫ߮Ϊͽһ㡣
߮ЦЦصãʦ
ʵ绰רҵݵġܳôʱ𣿡֪߮ԼʦæȻ˵͸磬ǼȻԼʦҪϯĻ飬ûбܵǳʱ뿪Ҳǲõġ
ЩҪЩרҵ⣿
öھе㲻ѰˣҪ֪Լѧ˵յı˶ͽ
ʲôб˶ͽأ
Ǿǽʦź󣬸һʵңϾܳ壬ҳóԼĿ⣬ȫùܣʱҪһо˼·Ȼתȥѧοġ
ٴ߮翴˼̨Լһᣬȫ̾ûֺ̫Ͳ졣
ٴ΢Ƿȱ㣬ٴĲԼܺͻ֪ʶʵöڶе㻳ɣ߮ǲǹԼ䣬ͽѧҽԺĸ͵͵ؿĲʿ
û̹٣⻹ˣ
ţ߮ͷ
ʰɡҿɲұ֤һܸ𰸰Ͼ͸Լ·
߮Լº󣬶ֻʼһʱ䣬Լѧúõȥ̹ھԼѧͬҲڵҪԱǹϵĻϵʮҪ
һʦͽϵӡ
ڿɲұ֤Լһܻشѵ߮⣬Ϊܶ⣬߮׿϶ҵϡ
߮ʦǴƵĹһ飿ַλλƷʽİɣ
ûǴĻ󲿷A͹ۺٲֵB͹ۼһЩʮC͹ۣܹڴһַλİɣ
Ǳüͷʱһ壺ţ
ôˣʱһֲ̫ĸо
߮ôԼô⣿ϴѧҽԺĴ󲿷о֪İ
ǻеĻһЩݣʱûеɽģô涨ģҪϸȥֻ̽ݵĶһһҹܶ˵ꡣ
߮ôھ
߮ʣʦC3.2͵ĹַۣλôǲھԵӦأ
B2.3͹ۣҲٴΪģӦҲûпʲô׺ר˵ֹۿַλġ
¡EvansIV͵ĹۣͨPFNAﵽʸλĲ𣿡
ǱߵƤ˲һüһ
߮⻹ӻĲ濪ʼˣ⣬ڻ治ϻش𣬵Ҳ˵Ͳˡ
üͷ߮磬⣬΢еˣʵĻԿһڵۻᣬ֯һӦϣܲſԵõ𰸡
߮ûȵ𰸣Ҳû٣ʣʦûпأ
ڶӦͱƵӦûϵͳϵģпǴİ
ʵԭӦխַλӦ
ҪĻʦãϿô
߮⻰һڶɫһ
군
߮⺢ӣȥ˰ҽԺȻû
ڻǳ
޸Ӧͽ֢
a
Ҳ˵޸ĻۣҪѵľжҪĵʱжô
ǳпһ
⣬ʵһ˵ˣѧ31
ұ31׵ǡ
ԵĶҪƹȥ
Ҳǻģ
漰ģֻǵѧٴиָ۸ӵأһǳпܻѪġ
ڻܲܡ
һ󣬶ڹĵ߮磬ʵҺģҪҪ˽ģȥңҲͲʲôҲӰԺհʲôġ
ڣʦ˵Ĺǿϣô
ⷽо𣿡߮е㲻ʣǵԼʦӰĴ󣬶ҼʶԼˣҲû໳ɶͻȻϣʲô
ǹǿƵĽڣϴѧҽԺƵֽڡġ
߮磺


ڰʮ 
ܳɻصķӺȵȻȥϴ衣
ϴõ¥¡Թܳɲûȥһֵģ⣬߼žͿʼģķ
Ǿ˯һ˾˵
ĥ󿳲񹤣ȷˣʡܶʱ䣬úģĸھ򸱱ǿûġ
˽ӽһСʱܳɾˣһṵ̂˯
˯ֻΪ񣬲Ϊ˾˯˯ʵĳ̶ȣԾĻָõģ˯̫ãԴγ
¸лֵȻ20޷ڶģ⸱
ܳɲżһ۵ĸԼδس͸ȵԺٻعҲǻ˷ʱʹġ
еֻ֧
пλڹ̶
۱պϸλ¶壩
Сппλڹ̶
ȱĹǰֲ
ؽλλ
һЩԵĶε⣬ΪЩܵɲֻ߿Щܽļܡ
ôܣϰѳ桢ĹƷʽ˽ȥ
ĽǶƺڹ۸ϣûټھıҪˡ
۵޷ǾҪôҪôַλ
ĻҪôǴͳпλڹ̶Ҫô΢µпλڹ̶֮⣬ͨ߼Ͽƺûʲôھˡ
ʵˡ
۵ƣǰƣƣǾֻڹ̶һѡ
ѡ񣬲ЩƷʽ봴֮ѧн档
һЩȽĹۣǲͨڹ̶Ƶġ
ͺñȣ˵ĹɹǾֹۣƽ̨伹˺ԹۣƷʽвͬ
Ҫھ򸱱͵ð˼·
˵ĹɹǾۣΪСڵĹ֮һ
Ʒʽпļѹݶڹ̶ȫŹؽڡɹͷûѡ
һۣƵѡϣͻĲͬвͬѡ
ļѹݶڹ̶Ͱ˹пλڹ̶һˡ
ǣȴֻĹɹǾۡ
ˣѡļѹݶǲ̫ߵġ
ɲָҽ롪
ܳдһЩϿĶ
ɹǾ۷ߵȺ65ϵȺ
ɹǼȫŹؽڼʹһʮҡ
һû˵£Ա֤һӣҲˣ˹Źؽڵļ壬һӡ
ԡ
ʮĹɹǾ۲ϣͶ˰ŻȫŹؽûĻؽûļʹԺ󻹻ٻһιؽڣӲ˵ľø
һǣȫŹؽûɹͷּûϸԣڶ´ʼ
ɹǾ۵Ŀļѹݶڹ̶Ҫƶһϡ
ܹɵ𣬵ȵ
ˣһ²´Ҳһˡ
ţײָĲ֢ǵѾԿ˾ͷ
ȻΪ˸ߵֱѡؽûġ
ٴƣһɲģ̻ġ
Ҫݸ죬ѡͬƷʽ
ˣ԰ѰŹؽûΪһģĿꡣ
ȻǹؽƵļܣǣҲƹۣĿ븱λһӦòήɡ
ڶֹ伹ۣõƷʽҪȥ˶ҽѧĹؽھڹؽھ´˺С
˼·֮ܳɻûϿʼģ⣬ʱ仹ȥһЩؽûص
֮ǰģĹСппλڹ̶ȱĹǰֲһǣŹؽڵĹؽûĿǰѾǳˣͲԼȥʲô
ѧãܳɾӦģٶȲ
Ͼŵ㣬ܳɲſʼģ⡣
ѡЯĳʼܡ
пλڹ̶ؽλַλ֫ʼʼν
ʼģ⡣
ӵʵĹǿƽʻ൱ѾõϼҽʦʶѾϼҽʦڿ￪չؽλַλ
ڹؽλλϵ֣ϼҽʦǳ죬ʼͼΪ޲ˣ㶼һһסڿվ˹ؽλַλһ˵ĽŸ
ţû
·ѡûдģԼѾõ˲̶ϿɣԼܹ鲻١
㴥
ţ
ʲô

ܿõ˹пλڹ̶ȨޣұƼȥʡݵҽԺؽƵо
ĵʦΪƲѧΪƼʦΪ죬ܿ͵õд
ӵ˳ڵһλ
Ĺ˰ȲŬҪһ
ϾŬߵ·ߣϼսսԼʦĸԸǿ϶һ
Ŀ飬˱ҵҪ󼰱ҵĵĿ⡣
ʽĲʿҵ˾ͶѧУ
ͬ꣬ʦĻߴ㹻㿪չһ̨Źؽû
ʵĽѧ֪ʶƲڵһ顣
˳˵һ̨һ˼ܡŹؽûţʦŵʦֵǣɹʾϿɡ
㳣ػ˰ŹؽûĳȨޡ
ꡣڵĿȡشĿͻƣڿҪλ㱻ƸΪڣͬʱ뵽˹Ȼ𡣡
˹ؽûĳȨޣʦ𽥷
ȫŹؽûͨ
ôڵô
һĻ֮ԼȻ׾ֻҪѧĻٶȻΪġ
Ȼ
ˣǺܹ
ԼֻĿ飬ͱˡ


ڰʮ ǲҿ˭
һΣֻ֣ȻֲãõͨļܣȻ൱ˡ
ҪǸ
ֱȲŬҪ㡣
ǲ֪˭
Ӧò߮磬߮ģĴǿһС顭

ȫŹؽûʦĻѾΪ죬ǿʼһ̨ȫϥؽڱû
йоأʦ;ͣĲ˹ؼ֡࿴顣ٴԱҲĶࡣ
꣬ȫϥؽûͨͬʱʦ׵ذѹؽûȨǡʼ˾ӶߣɼΪӵĹؽûؽڼķ
ʮʦʼȫؽû
ţйоأϸ֦ĩ̫ˡ
ҲǱȻӲģԼûиµķֻǸѧϰȻҪʦٴΪģ塣
ҲֻŹؽûȫ
⻹ûôķ
´οЯļܽȥ
ʮ꣬ȫŹؽûͨȫϥؽڱûؽûʦѾݣҴһЩĵá
򣬿ʼ׷ߵȼ֮·
ʮ꣬ˣҽԺķƸȻڿ﷢ⷢȣսٴһߡ
ʮ꣬ڻȻһѾ޷ﵽ߼ľ磬же񣬿ʼݴӵ
ʮ꣬޼ա
ģ
ģۣͨһϸҽѧϰϽģڵ£һͨͨҽҽѧף
򸱱ƣģеĽﲡ۸ݡּܵȼ͡
ѡһ
ȫŹؽû
Źؽûͨ
ϥؽڱûͨ
ȫؽûͨ
ܳɿ꣬˷ۣⲻǸô
ǵڹ۲ϴĹؽû۸ô
룬ǾѡȫŹؽûûѡͨİŹؽû
ŹؽûԼ򵥣ȼӺ
ȼĻܣȥһģʱ򣬻°빦
ңҪȫŹؽû𣬿϶˰Źؽû
ȴǲԵȳġ
ģ֮ܳϸ˼һ¡
ģҪ̣ǱҪ顣
һεģ⣬еװ˷ǸԼлܵĻôԴﵽĵȼӸߡ
ܿϧԼڹؽûǰҡ
Ҳ֪һģ⣬û
ɵãܳҲ֪
ǣεģ⣬ܳɾԼٸıһģ˼·
δؾҪ֮ǰһϣһ·ߵڵصȼ
ȻһֱߣԼʱ䣬һ
пܻ˷ѵӵ
һЩĻܣȻһʱ򣬿Եɡ
ֵĵƵʣƺõ
٣һ֣͵úúðա
Ҫ֮ǰܳɶûģ⾭ʱԼѡġ
ӺܳɾͿʼһܵģ⡭
գ磡
ܳ㱻Ѻһֱ´
һȥϣҵ˱ʼǱϸطȥ
һܳɲſЦһ¡
ֻһζѣԼҲ̫ˡ
Ȼڣ滺һ
ոһجΣıʼǱˣȻŶĻģ⸱ɰܳŻˡ
ζѣģĴڣԼڵõģ֮ıʼǱû˿ϵ
ԼıʼǣҲܹ׺鱾ҵݣûʲôġ
ģֻƬܳɿɶûдֽϣıʼǣרҵݡ
·߶
Ŭ
˾ȥ͵ˡ
ҲֻǻΪԼежνġ

ϴˢײ꣬ܳɲҽԺߣʱ磬ߵ
ȨûȥҵĻӶҲǲȥģԼͻеáż
˿»õܼӦĽܡ
ϥؽھֹƽ̨伹ݶڹ̶ͨ
ؽھTFCC˵޸
ļؽھϥؽھͨ
TFCCˣҲΪĹ֮һ
ֹ֮ƽ̨伹ݶڹ̶ֻͨȼTFCC˵޸ΪܳѹûԼܹģTFCC˵ʱ򣬻
εǹһַţ༰ö
ֵӵġΪֿڡ
С鲻֪ôģͺͿһС֮Ϊ΢ĳͻ
һСʦǣ˽ܳɰԼС鶷ӮˣȻ˲ҵ룬˶ԭˡ
ܾǣԼڵһ˺߮˳ͻȻ߮ʦǣ˽ȷһζĶܳɺͲ̶ڵӮˡ
⣬ܳȫû뵽ġ
˵ȥ
Ȼ⣬ܳɻǲԸʵзġ
ʲô粨
ң̶ҲδԸΪ˶ϾȨ߮ʦͻ϶൱زֵġ
ģ⸱Ӯˣһأ
ǾٲܳɾòֵԼȫ԰Ͱǰ߾ˡ
ǰԺְоȥȫƵоǿѡķ
˿ȨȻû
˸õĻǶˣֵ̨ҽضڵǰ֪ʲôźȦƾļﲡˡ
ֵҽģԶ֪ԼʲôʱᱻѣҲ֪һ˻᲻
ʲôʱ
ܳɴһԼĲˣȻɾһЩҽȻû鷿ܳȻдҽȨˣ뷨ԼҲԽһ£ĳԼķ
ȻƺͲ̶ʵڼ֣ܳٸĹˣûʲô˵ġ
99.199.5ѡ
ߵʮʱ
Ȩ٣˰״ӾֱҶ
ܳϾѾվŵȺϼҽʦĴݹˡ
Ȩ
ܳɺͶϾΪĬظŲһλá
һС飬һսսѣȻûطվԵ
ȨվܳɵߣվȺգգ۾͡
ضܳɺͶϾС˵ܳɸ磬Ͼ磬ǲҸոտ˭
ܳɷ˷ۣô˿ĸû˭
MMPģ뵽߲ŬȨʲô˼
ϵؾڶԱߵθڣܳΪؾ͵
Ȩһ㶣˵иáܳɸҪ΢ŲѧʿСһꡣĻ
ˣ㡣ܳɴȨһ£ҲĻ
ȴֵܴϽġ
ϾЦЦ΢΢ҡҡͷ
ЩȻЦȨĿˮһˡ
ȨͺصҿϴѧҽԺĶڣ
ܳһ
Ͼϵļⶼ鴤һ¡


ڰʮ ڣҴˣ
ʡն˲٣նĽڣ϶Ҳô
ΪǿƵҽѧҲãǴҵҲãָʾһǩϴѧҽԺĶڡ
ֶͬӦĻһ󴮱ǩ
ǿѧʿһҽʦڣʿ/ʦѧƸڡҽĿǰʡҽѧᴴѧ鳤רίԱίԱ
עͣһҽʦͶҽʦҽԺģҽѧʵûһҽʦȼҽԺУĿǰϴѧҽԺС
Ƿǳģʡ⣬ᶡڵ֣ڹǿһУΪʹ
ܳɷ㶵ƬʱΪȨһ˵֪ģʱǸĹ˭ˡ
˵ȷе󰡡
ȻģУһζҲģ棬Ǳ߮ټģǴͣ
ߣȻֻ˳ϵĲ𣬵϶ȫһġ
ϾһеɵסˣԿ΢е崻
߮˿ҾˣôҲˣǿĪǻʲôصĴУ
һһġ
Ҫ֪
ȻҽѧְϣҲֻҽʦԼʦ̶Ҳҽʦ
ְͬ
˵䲻ģ㶡У˵̶ʲô
̶ƨҷһ
ЦضԶ˵Բ
ǲࡣ
ڣ˵׵㣬ֻ߮Ƕڵĵӣȫ̶Ϊ߮ҪҽѧϷչĻԺܿس̶
վƽ̨һ
ǶΪʲôҪҽԺˣ
ϾȻǰ˼⡣
߮ʦܳʡ
ţ
Ҿûǧʢδεİ칫ȥˡȨͷ

Ϻʵÿҵʱ䶼һ㶼ǰ̫ȥҡ
Ҳһӵġ
ڰ칫̣ССڵغŲ裬䣬ƺʲô
Ȼʿֹ˵Ͻ̡
ϽķΧΰ칫ҡ
ϺҲﲻ̣Ҳֻڰ칫ҵ㣬ܱʿűץȻ͵ÿһٿ顣
Ͼġ
Ȼʿ϶Ҳΰ칫ץҪˣ϶ǰٷְܹΪı
ΪϺԼĽŴǰĿϡ
ƤЬˣӣżһһּ̡
ֻԶԶظ˰칫ϣżҲûᡣ
ʱҪˣҲÿԺ淢һЩûκϢ
ˡȻϺİ칫
Ϻһ߰ͱͣһغ
ʱŵģֻǶǧʢܴҽãͲ̶Ƕǰ칫ˣá
ǧʢƿţȽȥ̽˺ƫһˣڣ룡
ȻŶϺЦ˵Σ
û˵꣬Ϻ⶯˶еסˡ
ϺƳ߽һĿ֣࣬ûжӣǼܸߴϤӰʱʱŵֶû
΢΢һţ̶ʱ壬̵°ϡ
ۣ
ۣ
ϺϽһһְƨɴȥȻϽһվŶûŽЬ档
վú
˵ڣ
ƤһһģҲ֪Ǹոձ̵ʹˣǾԼˣں¡
ﻹţԼոǴүģڿûУ
ǧʢɳ񣬶㶼Ҵ绰
ƳƳڵϻȼð̵̵٣ЦЦǲе㲻̫㣿
ǧʢܹȥƨɡ
ϺϴЬҰԼɳϣġ
ȻŶЦŵ˼ڣЦˡڷ㣬ġ
ȻΣҲֻӲͷƤȥոյ顣
ǰҽԺҵİ칫ңûϰʱڰ칫˵㣬ʵҲ˭֪ͻȻˣ
Ҳû׼ҲȫҡҲû˿˼
˵ţһ̡
ڵûܾϺҪڵ𣬶ڰ˰֣Լˡ
ǧʢϺܶµ˳ȥ
ϺſʼæŸݲ衣
칫бõ´ɱȫϴģÿˮ̹֮á
󣬶˸˶ڣŵڣûʲôò裬ǱصĽ𾮣ȵϰô
ǶģҲ֣ʡʮˣѾÿ
СһڣڱΣѾǽʱˣҪȥæȻģ
֪ԼϺĵݣӸ㲻ҲõԷ
Ϻûʲô飬ҲһҲաҲҲûϵոնο϶ѾˣûµĶڡأ
⵹Ϻ⹧άֵأǺա
νδؾҪ쵽Ϻ϶ͲĻĿˣȻҲԲġ
ڣӦ˵ҪģҺġϺǳǫ
ȥӶڣ治ǰķУϺ֪ģ붡ȥϿεе̣һǧ๫͵ġ
͸ýˣҲ֪ܹԶ
û㽲ǲʦڡҲѧ֪
һ̺󣬲ȵصΣСûʲô鷳ɣ
ǿϺ
Ͼ־ֵģԼѧȻһ²ͬѰҲã¸ѧϰ
˰ҽԺһڣ⸱ӣȻʰ
Щɶȥ¶۵Ӧͽ
ⶼôģ
Ϻ߮ʲô
ûûУСôܸ鷳أָǻࡣΪ׵
Ȼ֮ǰҲô˵Ҳû߮ﵱʦ
Сϣ˵˵İšֱɱΪе㲻ˬ
Ͼ֮ǰ⽻Ϻ߮ԼٴĻҪյҲҪȥԸ飬Ҳ鷳
ֻ߮΢һ飬û߮ȥٴǡ
ҪٴǣԼãҪвˣҪŶŶӵġ
ϵһɳεĽѧҽԺˡ
Ϻɫһ䣬æֵԲ𣡶ڡ
ⲻҳġ
ºһϵûС
㶣Ѽʵʲô£
һMLGBģϺ㻹Ҷ߮綯ֶŵģ֮ǰ㽻ģӦ˺úõ顣
Է˰
ϺϿЦ
ڣˡûǻû
ô£ǰɣиȽĲˣҲѯ
ȻСƵδƤ񾭷֧ͣξңܲСȥƴһ̨ͬˣһûȥС˵ġ
Ϻ˵ţͿɫһ任ǲ֪Ƶġ
һͣڣոսʲôţָ
ԼԼˣ
˵ˣѾˣûٶϺ𣬶Ǽ׷
ã߮ı仯ܺеϵġ


ھʮ 
Ϻ˿ΪɬԼ鶡ֲ֪飬Լ֮£ǰ¸˳
е񡪡
ֲ£ˡ
֪Լ߮ԼԺЩϵĻڻ룿
ϺҲֻӲƤͷ꣺ڣĴ־ҸոѾˡ
ϴСǰһʺȫ顢й۵ĲƤ񾭷֧ƵĿΣȫ̲˵ġ
֪СܴƤҴüá
Ҳ֪ʵǹǿܻһЩȫĸߣҲ飬ҪĲˡ
ڹǿһҲҽԺǿΣεϣʵһĲˣһֱûξ͡
Ϻ˵ʱ򣬶΢΢üϣ
Σ˵㡣
ʲôεģ
һͬʱǹǿƺƵΣ
ʼʱ򣬶˵ġȴϺͿˡ
Ϻæһͷ˼ڣҸˡ
ģƵκǹǿƵĴΣͬգֵĶҲͬ
Ƶν㣬㡣
ǹǿƵΣҲ죬쳣졣
ֵͷˣͬղͬͬһƵΣһǹǿƵΡ
漴ЦЦɺϣ˾Ǳҵֵܰ
ΪڣȻԹöˣֵͬԺֲ֣һһҺüελñഫĶУֻǽٶѡ
Ϻ˵ǱֵܣҲ㡣
̫үһһżģϵԶˡҲǰЩЩ߶
ҲϵڣƵβСȥŴһҲǿƵΰǸ˵ˣʡöһ֪δĲˡ
ڣȫСԼģֻǻûüС˵
ҴСƵĵһ𣬾ͺͿļζ˵ˣСǿң벻ȫƾԼԸ
С˵ġ
Ȼ֪ΪλרһԼ߮ôŵģϺɲ뱻ˡ
ΪϴѧҽԺĽڣȻ
ÿҽԺмʱרŵıرԱ֮һҵﰡ
ֺö
ţˣ˵˵һˡƺҲûΪϺ˼ʡ
Ϻ֪Ҫʵ߮Ǹ˵飬̶ƵΣµϸ
ȫ߮ԼȥҵȵĲ̶ƤҲ߮Լġ
Ϻ͵ûκѹ
꣬ϺŵڣѾϸض෽֤˵ģκǿƵĲζ˵ٻ
ڣҶһ䰡
Сôõ츳ϵٴ᲻е̫ϧˣ
̾һϧȻǿϧģЩ飬żһ˵Σ鷳˰
ûûУϺ֡
СǿңǴǿҵӲʵġǧҪô
Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪרŽ߮һרŹһˣϺ˿̲й޹
߮ڶλ̫ˣ⻹ûʲôŴһ̨ˡ
Ҫʦڵشˣ
ǲǲá
־Ц˵ΣҪʵѾˡ
ҲýţҾһʶѡ
ĺ
Ϻһڰʾ˹ʵĻô˭
绰ʲ
ţšϺŬװһȻӡ
ɲܴСɫվñֱ֪ȫⶼڸ߶Ƚš
ֺֽһڲ裬һڡ
Ȼ˵ΣҿܻҪһ£鷳Ҹæ
ǣǿҵĲ˵仰±֪߮ߣ㰲𣿡
Ϻ㶣
ϵе㳤
㰲ûϵҾȸˡóŽûһߺųȥֱ׼
ιҪǵ߮״̬߮ڵľ״̬Ѿ⣬ʵܵ˴̼
ǲܵ˱Ĵ̼Ȼö֢ҩϺ̼ܵĿԲ
Ծֻ̼ˡ
ΪϺƭԼûҪ飬ƭ˿ͷƭԺ󰡣Ϻûôɵ
ڡϺϽһ֣߰һٷŶּ¡
Ų˵ڽҪҺεĻһðţβ귿ţνÿգû
ҲҪȥʲε˼Ϻûѻ˵Լء
̶ҲҽʦҲԼǰˣǶҲ浽
ȻģԼҪæЦŵͷ
ĻǾ´ģҲûϵġ
ԼȻǽڣʡһ˵ֻҪϴѧҽԺˣûֱӵ¼ϵҪ֧˵ʱ䣬ȷе֡
Ҳô¡
ǶԵһ¡ȥʣϸظϺ˵ţ˳ȥ
ϺţһȦҽͻʿһûӦǽ໹ûꡣ
ϺԾ͸̶һ绰
飬ȥҽУǲ̶ǿڽʱ绰ġ
˺ϺûֻڶԣȴŲ̶
Ȼϲ̶Ŷͨ绰˵ΡֵʱÿϺڶ֡
ǲ̶͹Ҷ˵绰Ȼ˹һߵҽϢҵſڣŵ˵Σ㵥ңʲô𣿡
߮ʦֽڣͻȻˣ߮顣
Ҫרżһ㣬˵ġ
Ϻ˵ţͷ촽Ҹڽ߮һ˴飬ʵ˵С
̶ͷõģΡ֪ˡ
ھȥ𣿻ǵȽȥʣ
ֵһϺ
ϺΣȻҪô͵͵ģ̶Ҳ£ֱϺʲôʱȥʡ
ϺΪεġʩӵ˼¡
ϺСܡ
Ϻ˲̶һϺ꣬ھȥɣڽǰҪߣȥңʱȻͶ֮Ͷ˳ٸҴ绰ҽࡣ
ã̶Ҳʮϡ
ԺڣرǶĽദԲֹϺ˵飬ǿҵʡʱϺ
Ϻߺ󣬲̶ûϽΰ칫ң˼һ´Ҫ˵Щʲô󣬲˽ȥ
̶ʵ벻׶ΪʲôҪЩʲô
뵽֮ǰϺ˽߮йص飬̶ö϶ҲǺ߮йء
ваɣԼҲû߮զģһֱѾˡ
Ҳµˡ
ţڴһ
̶ƿ˽ȥϵЦݷһҰջС۾磺ã
˫ָǰ΢΢ߡ
Σ̶ּģ΢е㲻ϲ
׵飬΢ʾλˣôǫҺǴ̫һбҪ
ڽС̻߶ͺáҸ˵˵ңϹˡ
ڣ̶붡ְ֮صϡ
º̾һ̶ƽʱڿЩɶЩ׺ƨ
̶Сĵ΢ͷʣ֪ʲôָʾǣ
емܲס̶Щϸڣֱ˵Σѧ߮˵ǰŴһĹ۲ˣûʲô鷳ɣ
ûûУûУСæء
ڡ̶ͣҡͷȻĸл֮⣺
ʵڣһݣǿƱǴתϴѧҽԺģһȦѯ˺üʦ˵ô
ҲֻԼˣ;СڣȻĻҲֻƲǡ
СҴæǸ鷳
Ϻ̶Ϊ߮飬ǲ̶Ȼʵ˵
Ҳȷôģû߮ôûкĸλһϵˡ
飬Լݿвף̶һֱŵģҲԼ÷ƺǲûġ
̶Ҳû취Ƕרҵҽֻ˭κõģҲǿȥŤתǵ˼ά
ҲֻԼǷ¡
̶ԾԼĻشӦûɶëġ
ȴֵǲǻһɹǴ¡۵PTFNС˵ˣΪҽʵǱѧϰ̬ġ
֪Σ㽲һ̨
̶ʯˣ
ϵϳ
ô˵


ھʮһ ַһ
̶ʱеɵסˡ
ǣ
ڣǲ˵Ҫ˵߮
ôͻȻ̨PTFN
ⶼţ༰ǻǺúõ߮ðɡ
̶Ϊ־߮ȫ̲˵˵ڣСûвμ̨ġ
ҲֻͨҲڶǰŪ
̶ʵ
Ҫô˵
Ҫ˵Ҳֻ˵
̨ܳģԼ̫
̶һûüXƽƬ
ʱֻ̣ſܳɵ̶ԲȥˣϸڣҲûüк
ʵûöٺ˵˵ģǸֽˡ
ڶڹ̶Ǳ׼III˵ǿԽǻеŷ
ֻܳסԺҽʦҪ˵ܳԽN
ⲻǳ˵
Īǣ˵ʲô
֪ܳԽˣôҵģ
ҲӦð¶ֲܵİҪҲҽԺҽƲŹ¶
̶ֿһı飬һ
Ǿò˵𣿲˵ûϵҾͲˡ
ʵ̶˿̵뷨ġ
ҽԺȻҽԺɳУ׵ҽԺССҲʮҽԺûκεơ
ΪҽԺмҽҽԺ˹ǿĿǰĴΡ
ҽĴͳʧˣǿôͳҽƣôԲֵƾͦҪĲˣܣȻѡ
һĲСС
еʲô¼ͻƣǿ϶޲ҴŲţԸԴΪ˵ĸȥƣøĲ
Ǳ˰ı£ƾʲôҪ˵ԼΪԼϴѧĽڣ
ҲѡŲȨ

̶˶⻰Ҷвõı飬ʱɬ˵
ֿ֪Լ˼̨ܳģ̶ֱԼû̫ס
ûúͶĵģ
˵Լ֪ǵPTFN֪ʶȥͶֽⲻȡô
ڣ̶Сػص
ЩЩͨҵ̡Ҫǿ¿Σǻࡣ
治ڶǰ˵ʲô˵ǿɾЦˡ̶Ц
׻ֲЦ
ǶҪΪԼ
۾˵Ȼһתصԭڲοͨͨ
ҵ滹Ӻڹڶϵˡ
̶һô˵ãȻط˷С۾
ţ
ɶ
̶һֲԤС
ֳƬ̡
ŵţ
òãΣ
ļȴƵƬµĶʮߺšҳֿ̨һPTFNĵãһЩϣҪѽ
ò̶ֱǸ̡
üãôһֱڣذס˵Ժ˭ͻϡ
磬ߵ˼ֵĲˣȻڹһ
G̶úá
ⲻǹĿ
Ȼ̶ԼĹǣʮġ
˽ﲻԸ⽻ǰһƽ̨ȥʦǿô
Ժڶļͻƣ̶еͬƶ֮һ
Ժܶȥ¼ҽԺɵ֪ȣȻ˰Ѳת㡣
˰ɣҲԴĹǡ
ϾΪ
̶ʱһ͡
군
군
ôһ̨Խ飬ҪϴƵļƬأ
ƣʵʡҽѧǿƷֻᴴѧļƣһ궼жѧ飬ССһʮΡƬ飬ΪеȵĻ顣
һֻĴΣȫʡĺܶҽμӣϴѧҽԺĶҲμӡ
ڣܲܲ鰡
Ρ
ˡ
ô˵Խ飬˵󲻴˵ССҪֵȫʡĴƵͬǰǾĳˡ
ڶνĵ£̶ûȥ
ԼʲôˮƽԼû
˵Լʲôطòãȵ˶ֵĳЩе㡣
ͷͱĻðϸ
վҾСڣ
Ҳ̶òԵĵط붡˴Ҫ֡
̶̬ڵ÷ǳ
Ҫ̵ãҪ
дϳϣ
ֵʱƤ鴤˼¡
ⶼɶɶ
Ӳ̶Լһ𣬾һֱϹϾģʷ棬һǸͷⷽԼƻ治̶
ơ
С񣬱۾СһίͰ͵С飬Ǳ˿ȥΪҶƵġ
üͷعһԼ̶ദ̣ûë
ԼԲ̶Ϳû˰ɣ
ھв̫׵ĵطúͱ˽ˣƽҲã¼ҲգֻҪкõ˼·
̶ϷݵģҲ߯˰ɣ
Σ⣿Ǹѽ
֮ûʲôᡣҲվϽѲ̶
ⶼɶ˲Ű
ĸ졣
ôŲͿˣȵǸҾġ
ţ
̶̧ͷллڡллڲƽϡ
ֶʱ˷ۡ
ġ
Ϸǰɣ
Ĳ̶ļ˵
Σҵ˼ˡ
̵ģ
㿴òã
Ϊҵ壬һPTFNڶڹ̶ѵࡣ
ȻһץǸˣǶѧѣ˽ǼļڿεģΣ
ܡ
ѵ
ֻ˵һ룬̶ˡ
ֱһƨϣȻһֱ˵ϣ˫ǰһš
ɷɷ׵ģһŵòûȥı顣
ҵθښG
ɱҰң
Ҳ̶
ȥѵࣿ
ѧѣȥΣ
ҽʲô
Űٶܲ¼һ飬Ȼͺѧѣ
ҪǮ
ڶƿײĸǰҴ߰ɣ
TMɵ£
ҽѧΪ˽µѵ࣬࣬ѧΪڼ죬һ޺ѧϰؼļ
ҿϿεٶϴѧΪ֪Щڲʸ˵ȥѵ࣡
ĲᣬðҽԺ˭ԣ
ڵѧǣԣ
̶Լô붼ѿ൨ЦˣҪⱾ¡
̶ãԼǲǰѶָˣ
Ѿ˼ҪԼ
ȻĻʵ˵ͨΪʲôҪ
ˣ̶ҲǸˣʱҧ˵
ڣҪʾһ£
ҵòԵĵط˲С˹һ£
㶡
ȫû뵽̶ͻȻô˵
֣˵ʲôֻҪʵڲԸĻǾͲ¾ˡ
ǳױ̶±ˣ̶ԱȥԱȵҽչúð
һ
̶վֱһ˵ڣʱ䣬ϰְ
Ȼ֪ΪʲôҪԼǼȻôģǲ̶ҲȥͶӲӲϾѾԼӣרԼһˡ
Ļ˵ֱʵٱǺԼˣ
Լ·ʱȥʡҸҽԺ׬ǮȥѧҽԺˣߺԼαغͶȥ̨
ûҪ
̶еʧǡ
֣
Բۡ
ģ
ַһ
ΣԼúһ°ɣˡǲˣˡ
ְǧְˡ
ּƲԣϿͷҲصؾ뿪˰칫ҡ
̶Լѧ߮粡ĻֱǲˣԼɲٶȥ
ȻĻһΪԼѲ̶þ⣬˵ȥ
ò̶ԼȻһɡ
Ǿû̶ľ״̬ӵģȻĻԻᾴԶ֮ô

̶˿ڰ칫ɫ˺һ
ĥ󶡳ֳȥʱ˵ĻĻǼٵģ
˵ְҪԼְأǲְأ
ˣȴ绰˵ɡ
̶ڶʮˣʱְһʱҲ֪øȥҵôҽ˵ҽҲɲ˱ġ
ڰҽԺӪô꣬ò׻쵽ְƣ˵ְʹְİ
ȴԼǲʲôط˶ٿӦ԰ɡ
̶ϸػһȦԼͶ֮ûʲô
ԼĴ࣬ÿμ涼Ϳұֲͷǵˡ
̶ڹǿƻ켣ô꣬ϴѧҽԺҲһġ
˵Ǿ֪Լʲôط˶ֵġ
̶һȦ绰ְԼ±ˡ
Ҷ֪Ƶġ
ǡ
ûʲôԹĻ
ǶΪʲôҪҰ
˵Լѧϰ
Լȥѧϵ
ȥѵࣿ
ҪԼ£ֱ浶ǹأ
Ϊ־Ͳġ
ΪЩ¾͸̶ֲ
Ҳ֪ԼˣҲʦ
ĥţȻƴҴҵ߽˰칫ҡ
ź͵Σκȥҡ



ھʮ ԭأ
Ŷã̶Ӧ
ոֻȥ뵽ﶡֵ飬˺ϺԼ
ǶߺȥңϺýࡣ
ȻĻϺҪһֱǿгƪۣҲûٿ˵ġ
ûʵ˶̶ֻ֣ܰ΢ƣҪ
ԼΪոձŵˣˣµʱôȥϺͣҲò̶Ϊͷۡ
ƲſڵŲ̶
߽ҵʱϺߵΣ罻ǷǳҪģ㲻Ե޹ʵȱϯ̫ð˵һѣһֶû
´οɲƵϺΪΣڻá
̶ͷǸ˼Σո˸绰ҵʱˡԺע⡣
Ҳû̵طʡڿҲôϺദġ
Ϻſ˿ʱ䣬˵ʱҲˣҲˣֻϣҼסٴС£ҸϽò鷿Ĳ鷿ȥ
ȵľϺ仰վܳ˽ң·ֱӴң˲鷿ʹˡ
գڵһ̨ƶ˶ʮˣǻϺƪۣҲʵۡ
û취ϺΣҪԺ͸ֻݣҲ˵ϺĲǡ

ϺҲǱִŶǧʢȥ鷿ˣҲûʲ̶Ͷ־Щʲô
ʿ϶ҪʵģõȲ귿ʡ
һվ׼ߣɻͷ˿̶еʧ񣬱һ䣺ΣҴϾȥ鷿ȥ
̶תͷȻվʧоѣ˵ߣһȥˡ
ٴϵȻҪҪõġҲ̶ÿ㣬Ѷʱճȥúõ׷Ѱһ½顣
̶Լܳһʱ˯á
ϴѧҽԺĽڵţɲʲô£ڻѧͷ˵ĻǾ͸ò̶ձˡ
鷿ܳ׵˶ʮ崲ֱߣʼ㱨ʷʦʦǡ
ϸĲ鷿ܴҽְÿβ鷿Ҫ㱨˵ĲʷĴǰļЩ
Ϊϼҽʦǲȥס˵ģǹܴҽҪ顣
ϼҽʦḻȫܴͨҽպͻ㱨ϣͿòͺơ
ɲ̶ɲ˷ʱ䣬˰˵֪ѸλƬóٿһ
˵ļϽƬӶһѷ˳
½ɺͶϾ˸ϽԷֹȥҸλǰ͸λƽƬȻһһݸƺͲ̶
̶ӹƬӺ˦˦
ӭôһʱС۾գգ͡
TNģĪǸոҺͶֽ˼£̬΢е
е㻨ˣ
أ
ظ߮Ķͫףͫ׵չԼøЩ
ƶԸλǰƬӡͼģֻƳ˼ۣƫͷ˲̶ĸλƬӡ
ʱ˳˳飬ͷ΢΢˰ڡ
⸴Ƭӣ
еⰡ
еC͸ӣֻС͵XߣҲܹ۵ľֲȻȲ÷ӰƵִ͡רҵXǡ
ֹƽ̨׹ؽڵƽȫɨ󣬿ΪΨ
ǲ˼ͬʱó˸λǰ͸λƬӣһɨƶѲ۷롣
ԼĪʮ
̶˵ͷ滺һ
ȻC۶Ըλ͸ӣϾܳɵͻô󣬸̸̫ٴ飬ĸƽƬŸġ
ַܳλҪԶԶԤڡ
Ƕ۰ͰͿĲ˺ͼ˵ǲҪģַλüá
ù︴λǰƬӣ㿴߷ǳԣдλǸλЩͶˡֻҪעһ±ǽĤۺѪ˨ǳֵڴġ
ǲҪİʲô£ܹҲﵽЧҲõġ
˼ϽͷȻ߮Ҳ˵һͦãϾᣬûв̶˵εúô˷ġ
˵ллΣллΡҲллеҽ
ȫǰǶǺҽǳΪǲ˿ǡ
ܲκã֪ΪʡǮҽ¸Уظ̶˴Ĵָ
̶ҡͷ˵Ŀ佱΢תһ
ЦЦ˵ҽ¸߲УɲǿʡʡǮϣ
ҪݲͬѡʵƷʽǡ
˵ž˵ãã񳴲˷һŶˣ˾͵ˣóԡ
ҽŵΪʡ
̶
գգ۾˿ţεЦЦ
ƺݣҪĶҪͨ׶ЩʮҪ˼
˶ô
ҽҲô˵ġŷ
ҲЦţ˫ں£˵ҽţлл㰡ڼ˶Ľţ˵ҿԲҲӡ
Ƕתأҽ߳
⻰̶ɫ΢˵ôУǿϸģڵĲˣǲΣҽһߡ
ǻ˵Ļôǡ
ȻôΪҲҪô͡
ѾյϺϵĲˣǾԲȥġǸɻ⣬̶붼ô롣
Ȼϳһȥ
26Ѿüˡ
ܳɻû㱨ʱ򣬲˾Ц˵ΰۿϧͲܲŶȻĻʵҲ벻ġ
Ҹʹðöûá
λ磬ûᡣҲõġΪźź¡
̶ֻܽ͵һҲĺãԺܿ´ҲͬĹ۲λͬĹͣ϶Ʒʽǲһġ
ҽԺֲǹˮҵ
Ȼõģлл㰡ҽѡ϶õġҲʺҵġ˸̶Ĵָ
ǵİ27ҲǸɹǴ¡۵ϊ֚Ҳƿӣ˵
ҽǺܺõҽǰǰʹһͺöˣͼûʲôоˡ
ڹŴ϶ҽˡڲ϶Ҫ໥ġ
̶ȻֻǸ25ѵıѡ񣬵ǣͿԿ̶Ʒ
ҲڲĿҽ¸УΪ˿ǵӡ
ȻͶò̶ˡ
̶˿ʱ˳˷ǳࡣ
ĵƨͬĵģҪĶˡ
̶ͺЦ֚⻰е̫ˣʲôҽŶ
һͨСҽ
26Ĳ˾˵㿴ҽǫ顣˶ǫ顭
̶ţͶ26һ
ϸؽҪעܶķҸʱ֫ҪЩϸ⡣
ãȻĵúͽҲӶһЩˡ
һ̶˲Ŀһϸġ
26˵Ȳ̶Ҫ뿪ʱ򣬻˵ҽҲ֪ôлǣ˵еˮһС⣬Ȼǲ귿Ÿ͹
ããԼų԰ɡ
̶̫˼ˣˣʵܳҲǳ˺ܴġ
ֹƽ̨ĹۣܳɵĻܷٷ۵Ǹ
ķˣǿɾͲˡ
Ц֮󣬱27ϊ֚
Ҳö˵ʷˣ֮ǰĹ졣
ͰǰƬӸˣݸ̶ƣͬʱӴͷһ
óһõĺɫɫߵĳ˵ҽ2625һˮûϷݣֻ㶨һ졣
ǳԲãҲֲ̫ˡ
Ҳҵһˡ
̶Ͻ˵ࡣǣ˵㻹רȥƷˡ
˵ţȴʮȻع˫ֽ˹
ϲϲ˵Ŀڱ͵Ľ죬ǲԼ֮⣬ҽĿ϶ˣ
ǲҽõõģ˺áҲơҽ߳һһźô
̶Ͻѽתݸ˶ϾϾϻؽ˹ȥ
ǲ̶ʮֿصĶ
ⶫǹڿﵱģǲµĸмÿһ棬һοҽߵҫ֮һ
ϾСľã׼Ȼȥ̶칫ҡ
ţ̶ſʼ󸴲Ƭӡ
̶˫һӴ󸴲ƽƬ֮ɫ͵
Ƥ£촽ૣܣ
ôܣ
ԭԭ̶ħһ˵ЩĪĻ
̶ɫԡ
ƸϽǰƬӷ£Ȼ̶Ǳ߿ȥ
һжõİôƯPTFN󸴲Ƭӣôܵ˴̼Ƶģ
̶ɫɰѲŵˡ
ϊ֚һֻҪϰǽ֣߬˫۾ǳŵؿ˲̶
ЩʣΣУ
ѵ𣿡
̶һ飬һʱûػֱתͷܳɡ
ԭǳ


ھʮ TMȥˣ
ʵڲ̶칫ҵʱ򣬾Ϳ˲̶״̬̫ԡ
һЩȽҪ˽£ŻɡƽĲ̶ɲӵġ
ܳɷǳȻվ˹ܴҽվĹܴҽλĿⲢû㡣ֻ͸Xߵı棬ҲĸǼõġ
ҲԼڵˮƽ൱š
̶š
ƸϽ˵Σ󸴲ƬӣǼõѽûİɣ԰ɣ
⻰ǿ϶
Ҳ²̶ڲ鷿˽¾ҪҲȷŷš
Ȳ귿ȥ룬ȻĻѲ˺ͼŵ˿ɲá
̶ƵĿѣתͷԲ˵û⣬ûġ
üõģ֚ԼҲܸоõ
Ҹ˵
֚úòã˵òźãзȨġ
ڵʹǲǻ˺ܶࣿһָǲ
ĸоľͲҪˡ
ϊ֚룬ȷ
ǱǲĵģǲҵĸƬӺɫ仯̫ܲŵ
ӹŵ񣬻ûҽЦؿЦͻȻ
ͷ˿Լϰ飬Լϰ黹ҡһ»֫˵ͷС˵ʹһ㶼ʹҾǻе㺦¡
̶ǰı仯ɿУԼǵʲôŶ
˱ʾͲãϣкܶģԼϰҽһʲô
˳½⣬Ҳ׶롣

2527߳ȥϵʱߵ˲̶ǰȥ˵ΣҪʣµĲˣҴСϾȥɡҲûɶġ
̫ˣϢһ׼ģʱ㱨
Ƹ顣
ող̶ŵˣΪ⣬Ͼ̨ܳɡ
ϸؿƸûʲô⣬ƽƬ
ܳɡԽò̶ɫ仯Ļôֻ˽ˡ
ˣ˵ҽѧרҵĲˡ
̶ʱĵȷڷҲԼոյĲ鷿൱רҵ˵ͷҲáƣ
صؿһǸ͹۵Ĳ˰׼ģ̫Ե⣬͸˵һ£ҵȻǵģǵʱҾͺˡ
̶ȻԼҪϴһ¶ֵ飬ҲԼĲһΪֵĲˣҪԼԵֱӶƵġ
¼ҽ츳Ҳ̤ʵơ
õģΣİɣ飬Ƕ㱨ġ

̶űƣȻŷĲ¥ݷȥ¥ݿںȵȼһ̡
ȼһƨˮ̨ϣһ߳ţһϸһ̡
֮Բȥΰ칫ң̶ǾԼȺͶֽڹͨһ£Ҫκ⣬ϺͿǱ߶
Ϻΰ칫ң˿̽ȥȻҪ̸ֵģ̶Լ취
ԼҽʦȻҪԼ취
ʵڲУ԰ѿҵƽ̨
ҲʣòҪ㶪Լ˽ĻȻϺǿ԰ѸոշĨȥ
ͨѶ¼ϣͷ˶ֵϵʽɾþûͨ
̶ڹǿƻ켣꣬˵ڹǿƻ켣ܶϹǿƣ϶ĿǰʡڸڴõϵʽֻƽûرҪ飬׵زȥ
֮󣬲̶һҧ˲ͨ
绰ܿͨˣҲܿͨˡ
ֵȻȻͣιǶ֡
ֵͨѶ¼Ȼûд̶ĵ绰ûбעģƺûбϵӰ쵽Լ飬Ա˼š
̶վ˵֯ԣڣǰҽԺ̶
˼ڣðŵˡ
ֻһͷŷ֣֮䷢˵Сᣬܸҵʱҽ𣿡
Ӿͺáô
̶Ȼеţ¶ֲԸ͵Ļᡣ
Ȼˡ
ܳ⵹ùߵģֱˡ
ϼҽԽԽõҲԽԽѴˡ
ԲС֮ˣȻΪ߮һ󸴲ƬӣܰҽԺһˣҲ̶ķ顣
֮һˣݣλã֤ǼΪġ
Ƿǳͬбʦġ
ûжںʹͷ˵ʲôӡ
ȥ·ϣҲ϶˻ӵ̶Ϻĵ绰˵˵
ллڡ̶л˶Ըڽ͵Ļᡣ
û˿صڣϵ̨PTFNʵģ縴ƽƬҲûüĽ
Ҹղ귿˲˵󸴲ƽƬ֮󣬲öΪʲôˡ
ֻǶڣ̨ģȻҾӹ˵Ҳ¶ЦԼԼˮƽ֪֮ġ
ͬеǰ
ɶ֮󣬾ֱҪ̨̽Ҫȥѧĵãѵࡣ
ȥ
ҴˣҲˡ
̶˵ò¶ִʲôֲ֣ᡣ
ֶԷһе㲻̫ʼʱΪʲô˵̨أ
ͬʱﰵ̶Ҳеõۣĵ˷Ѵҵʱ䰡
ô˵ͺˣ
Ǵתߣȥ¡
̶Ҳǰǵ⣬ϻصڣʵҲֱ˵ǣ˵
Ȼ׵ڶǰԾϵס̶̬Ȱڵ÷ǳ΢
͸˵̨ģסԺҽʦ
ϣţ
Ҫˣ̶Žл
ֳһɫ任Σƽ
ڷ͸¶һ£˭̨𣿡
ʰһʣȻȥPTFN߻ཻѧϰһµġ
ˣ˼·۽ʵ׷ģļѾǵһĻˡ
ϲԽδܣҲʱôѧϰˡ˼·ϵһ㣬Ӵ֪ʶΪߴͻ򶼵˵䡣
̶ǰִһԤ룺ڣ˵ˣòţҲ
ֵͷأƽȣ˵ˡ
ͣʲôû
˾ףԼˣǶҲܹݵãܵ˵ġ
ҽۡ
һ˵ı£û̫Ĺϵ
Ĺףȴ뱾ϢϢأȴֻռ˸á
̶һˣϵסԺҽʦܳɡкųַ̈λҲġ
ལ
̶˵ţͻȻ˵绰˵绰Ҷϵ
̧һȻǶְѵ绰ˡ
̶ٴοЦһƨ¥ϣȻ˽һӡ
ⶡֹҶϵ绰ΪҪƸȨɳ˶һֶ̨ŵҲǲͷ
ʵˡ
һӺ󣬲̶²˶ֵĵ绰ȥ
ھȵڣڻ𣿡
ֲһ˵ҷ㣬ԺģǿЦΣûôʱ档
еˣ̶ϷһǰˣһϷ˻ҪǲЦ֡
ûôʱ̶ġ
̶ԣʮֿɬҧĵڣ
ҶһηĻᣬ´ȫƵ
붡ڲҪƽҷ¼ҽΣ
𣿡̶΢˵
ҽѧԼıĹأ
Լ׼
ûйزɷԲ
ЩԲ˵ò㣬ĲʦĴۣŻּȨƶȵġ
ûκ˸ȥ棬ҲȥĹأ
һл죬ǾͱȥأǶԼҲǶԲ˸
ֳĬһ
۾գգغ˺üκ󣬲ʵ𣿲Σ
ģȻ֪£кܴΣ²ϣεʵΪ·ģҲû׸
Ҿģڣ
ֻǶڣϣҪ˵ȥ
һΣ
ȫ̶ڼලţеҽ̨ϡ
̶š
ȨԽ
ԽɴС۶ʵιܶΡ
Խҽ¹еרԱݣ˵飬ʵʮðյġ
ֽž൱˵Ȼģ´㰲ʱ򣬷֪ͨһҵĦ
ⲻӰ쵽İŰɣ
еЦ
̶ǲǹ⺬ɳӰȥѧϰԽȨ޵飿Թһأ
Ϊ飬ۼΪʵ
ԣ̶Ҳȥˡ
ʲôʱпУҿ߾Ǹʱ;찲һ̨
ʱͶ˵ѧģţú𣿡


ھʮ ѵ˵ѵ˵
νصֻҪܹףǿٴ֮ˣҪĻǺʵġ
ô˵ҾͲིʲôˣаŰɡҴӦпг
ʵҲеΪѣԼеЦ
ոջžò̶ǸϷӰۼԱԼϹ֣Ҳǲ֪ǲǱ̶Ϳˡ
󣬶־ͨΣʱŰɣѾ쵽ˡҪȥᡣ
õĺõģڣٽ磬ź֮󣬺ϵ̶ػظ
Ҷ˵绰Цһӡ
΢΢ҡҡͷýȥҽԺһˣſ϶ûǱ̶̬е㱬ըȻĹ
ԼȤ̨סҽģĵͷһ⡣
ٴô꣬ûĹء
Ҳ˵оȻĻ̶϶ֱԼѧ˵оҲȹ㰡ܴӱƵĿдϰģȻδض̳ߡ
ǳ˲ŵıʣԽϸߵġ
ͨĹ
һ̨Ļ̶ﲻⰡ
סҽʦǿһסԺҽʦ߸˰ɣסԺҽʦ˵ȥҲֻܷIIȨޡ
IIIһôã㻹̸ʲôأ
̶׸˶ٸ˸
׶Ҳôİˡ
Ȼ̶ʵڲ˵˭ĻҲͰˣĿǰѾǳPTFNѡ
ͺñȿһ98ֺ99.5ֵĲ࣬ûô
ǲĲˣмΪϸҪ99Ĳˣܹõ98֣Ѿǹˡ
̶Ҷϵ绰ƨɺĻҳ
ֻ״ӵĿڴһ
ǣˣ־㲻Լ˵ͨղŵͨҲ
ûͺãֻҪڲΪںʲôʱ򣬹ѣҲʵûɶµġ
ͲǺ̶ܶ࣬ҲδҪֺͨöıȡʲôôֻǰѹϵİ˸û΢ԶһЩѡ
ĻԿҲиˡ
ҽԺĹǿƣշңҷֳʱҲ
ٶȹڵķչףǶһһشģǰѪ
̶ѹǿƷ󣬰ѰҽԺʡһҽԺôĿ꣬޹ҪΪ˵˽أӰ쵽ҵķչ
Ͳˡ
Ȼ˸ոЩԼȥϺе̸ˣҲ˵붡˵Щʲô
ֻҪ죬ھˣôظҲ˴ˡ
ϺҲִԼͶ̸ЩʲôûʲôֻģƾɶϺأ
ŵ飬ҲܸϺֶƱơ
Ҷϵ绰ֱȥΰ칫ңϺ΢ԸһϺҲֻ̨λ飬ЩϸڣԵ˵ʱ䣬Ȼ뿪
Ҳûˡ
Ϻһ䣺Σʼ߮ҵʱͺ̸ĻǻҪȥ
߮磿Ϻָ̫Ѩ
û˵ڶڵĿзȴأǻҪСĴͰĿˣʲô£Ӱ쵽ǿҵתͲҪȥˡ
Ȼÿʱǿ£С˵ʱ򣬿̨
ֻҪǲͿˡ
̶ҲϽͷȻģаţԱţ
Ϻٴ˲̶һB
˵ҪܳɱƵʱľôû뵽ǲΣԱˣ
ʱ뵽ˣ
ϺҲѲ߮飬¡
ֿûͲ̶кȫ˵Լ֪ô¡
ϺŪģ̶Ȼȥǵġ
ȲšϺ˼һº˵
Ų̶˵ΣҪһ̨Լȥ28ĲˣܽĿңûһܶˡ
ǰ㽲һ°̶ڵֻûרΪ׼ġܳɵģ֮ǰдŶ
Ϻ˷ۣǳ˳ҽԼͺ˰
̶ֱˣûµʱǽһӲ
˵Ҫܳɱơ
ڳ߮󣬚Gҽʦܹ飬㻹֪һƽʱûôİ̶
ҪһֱĻͳ˺ֵܣ
ֵģ֪ˣǧʢܾ͸ǹ顣
̶ԼʦԼѲϴ֣Ӱ쵽ǵս̣ϺȻµġ
ţҾǸһ£Ͼղ£ʲôᡣ̶һ˵ͷ˳ȥҪܳ˽һ
ǰ׼̸ʱȻ̶黹Ҫġ
Ϻ΢΢ҡҡͷڲ̶ŵʱһûϡ
Ҫǲ̶ôԵĻǾͺÿ
Ҳ֪ǲ̶÷һŵĻԺñ£׻ûס
Ʋ귿ΪûɶˣѾﵽ¥¡
̶һ绰ͰƸ˻Ȼ˿ڲĲ¥ݼ䣬˵ƣȥܳɽһ˵28ҪͰŹɹǵڶ
ҲϵˣˡʱҺ̨ˣͶϾ˶
ڲ̶˵Ҫʱ򣬾ãȻһ¡
⡣
ԼողŸ˵ҪƳټ죬ˮƤ壬̶˵Ҫ찲
ⲻǸ
Ҳ̶ǰûų
ҲõģΣҵȻȥܳɽǰ顣
ֻ̨ܳϵĻǲǻȱְʱģΡ
ﰵΣ㲻ܾܳúãͰѶϾȨҶһ̨ȻιĻᶼ˰ҲҪѧϰġ
ϱʾԼ浽24СʱԲˮ̬
ô˵ôˣô
飬ֻܳɾͺˡҲϾȨɱΪҲ֪˽мֻ鰡
ȻѼȫˣҲ̫ƫģ
ҲҪܳġ̶һ˵
ƵƤ˳飬ͷϴǣΣԺһע⡣
ȴǰΣɾͰԼժɾˣ˭ʾҶϾģ˭Ȩܳû֮ǰֱӿ̨˵ģ
Ұɣ
µȷԼģΪȨƽʱΪЩѾ˺ðɡ
ǲ̶Ȼ˳ֻԼںڹסȻ󰡡

ҽ칫ңܳȨϾڳʽдͿҽ
ΪģΪ٣Ϳ°಻˰ѧϰѧϰôϷĴϷȥ׼ģⷽҪȥ׼ģⷽǽһϽ
ȨĲٵģҲԼ򵥣ھŵʮʱ򣬱˵ܳɸ磬Ͼ磬ҵˣ˰
ţϾܳɶûҲû˵ʲô
Ͼҽ칫ߵʱӭơ
Ʊôˣ鶼
ȨϽͷԹվãеεػصˣҶˣʦҲûˡ
⿪ȻƵĳ̬ϼץסٻеͲ˼ġ
ҡҡͷ˵û£ȥɡܳɡ
ǰҡҡͷȨҲﲻٿѾĶĻᣬѾ̫ˣ׷
ȨЦźƻֵ
ȻҽϢңƴûرҽңֻһʿҡ״ӺԼıϢ滻
ȨźЦЦʦͲ̶ʦ˽ܳɸҵеడ
Ҳ֪˵Щɶ
ˣȡԺǿ϶ûɶˣֻȥҽԺ߻ؼ㻨ǮϢˣôء
Ϣﻻ˳ͿƴӿһС߳ͬʱ̶˽ȥ
ȥǰε
Ȩش˸
ѵ
ʱҲҽϢңܳ˵ҲҪ°ˣͿȨƺǷԼճҲܿ˲̶ȥܳɵ顣
һ£ʲôùܵܡ
ü£Ͼ˵
ţ
ȨСƵĵ˵ͷȻС벽΢΢ţе㺦¡
Ϊʲô˵˵ֻ
ѵ

ŶܳɸƽʱþӪϼĹϵƺͲ̶ƾɶԽ˶Ͼôã
һţһգ޹С۾ƶԼΪӡ
еС£
ҲȱǮġ
֣ϽȥϢһ£ŵȨһ飬ٴæͷתˡ
еС죬±ƺͲ̶Ƶġ
ǳ̾һ˵ܵܵ죬ܰܰɣôأ


ھʮ ̬ˣ̬ˣ
ΰ칫벽¥мһͨܳ۾գգͣ濴ǰĲ̶
ʮãȻ³һ֡
ţѾǶ˵ˡҾǰ㽲һ㵽ʱֲ
߮ʦڻԿģʱ˵þָ㼸䣬
úŬƽ̬ˡ̶ܳɵļ
̶Σ
˭õܳɾȻصõֽڵ
ǣܳԼƤӵתƣԼƫƫӶ
ر߮ץסˡ
ò˵߮ǳʵ츳ĿҲǼΪġ
ֻ֮пһ̨ܳƬӣܹ֪ôࡣ
ڶֵ˺ŵĻֻҪ΢ôһ
ܳҪԺҲãҪȥоҲãǶһƬ̹;ˡĻᣬɲá
ܳԣȴüͷʣʦ𣿡
ܳɵ˵⵱ԺȥԽһϴѧҽԺĽԱӣܳѹе󰡡
һһʲô벻⣬զ˵أ
ҽѧǳŸֲȷصġ
ܳڿɲżȫȣԼԵʱ򣬱һƬơ
ԼŻģ೤ʱ䰡
Ժӻء
е㲻̫ʣǼȻ¸µصһǾֻǰ˰
ĻܲԶԶҵϣϴ̨PTFNҲüá
ϴֹƽ̨۸λʱҲ˲
̶˵ţգе㲻˼˵һ߶֪ȫʵҺ̨ͨҲ֪ĻǳǳʵͿԽӴˡ
ǰҽԺĿǰҪöȨͲ׵飬ҶҪúõһӣҵʱǰ
ϾֻסԺҽʦסԺҽʦ㲻ϡ
˵ʱ򣬲̶΢˵ɶһĵλԼǰȨޣ
ĻᲢá
ǻһ㿼ǣŴӦġ
̶˵ð٣ֵϾÿڶġ
ǰõIIIȨޣܹؽӴӸ߼ĳɳߡ
ܳɵͷţ
ŰϹллʦΪȡôõһᣬҾΪ
̶οΪȡ˷ǳѵõһλᡣ
һ̫ġ
ԽԽ£ǲ̶Լŵģһжԣ⣬λⳡ¼ռλҲ䵽ܳ
Ϻ˵ͨϼҽʦڳ£¼ҽΪʲôԽֲˡ
̶ǳ˳顪
TMʵҲҪ
ȴ˵
úøɣץסһλᡣ
ץסˣһ·ǰ
Ҫ㽲׵ġûץסгʲôΪѣ׼ģʱֹͣ֡
ⲻ㵥˱ҪͷβıվԣҪ̫ѹ
ǿ㵽١ҪһҪȫ̡𣿡
̶
ȻģɱϾǿǵܳڵͣʣЩ͹ʵҲܱܳǰߡʲô¹ʡ
ٴĵһҪȣһϺû˵
Ų̶˵ȨȻûʦͽ֮ҲôãܹΪȡĻᣬҶᾡġ
ɶϾԼҸĻ᲻ˡ
ȨҲûпȦɵĵطûأҲûϾôߡ
ֻϧ㣬ǰοоʧˣȻĻ̶Ϊܳɾеϧ
ܳɿо飬̶Ȼ֪ģԵǼ컹˼١
ҽԺ꣬ƱҵĴ꣬ζûϰҲ޿κε顣Ѿ꣬ܳȥоʵˡ
ֻ˵칫ϲź
˼ʦʧˡܳҧҧ촽
ʵǰǲ̶ʵͽ˳ɣڲ΢ǿһ
̶ҡͷˣ˵ǰˣиԵļоҲԵ֡
ҽѧҲҪҽģԵĳɳ̨ײһҲֻ㲻һѡ
μ˹֮󣬻ǿԵʵΡ
Ȼȥǰ̸Щɡ
£ң֪֮ǰҪöϾȨ֪
ô˵ϾҲѧ
뷨̶ܳ˵ֱֱȥ
ˣʦܳæͷһ˵ı顣
Ҳ̶ܹ˵Ļ
ܳɱ̶ذѲЩд꣬ˡ

Ȼȵ㣬ܳɾʱϾȨӦǲڿʱҡ
Ҳ̸ǩ֡
ܳʱȴֿȫԼӡ
ܳ룬ֵҽӶӦϢݣҽϢһ˵ġ
ûǰʶһ
üһ
칫ҵмĳϣźз
һģܹͷ̻ʣʳһ㡣
ȻϺɳ˶֣ԼԼС飬ȨϾҲڳ
ֵ֪ܳӶ
Ҳ֪ӶǿΨһһʿ
ҵԺμ˹ڱԺμӹ࣬ĿǰܴҽУߵȼġ
ɾǲʿǱԺҽǲοԼֵʱжϾԼè
Ҳøộô˶һֵɣ
ϾڵĻԼôȥ̸ǩְ
ܳվſڣӶʣСܣԷûҪҪһз
˵ոնϾȨ˵ܳɲôܹ˰
ܳץץ˵òã硣ҳԹ˲ģҶڰ
룬ǲǴʵװ뿪˿ң綼˿ʾԼܻŶ
ԼƽʱΨһһܻȥϢˡ
ϾȨҲ½ӣǴкˣû˵ŷ
ܳҲȥҽϢһ״ӣȨ˻·
΢΢ᣬҪҪٵȻȥ칫̸ǩأ

ܳȥҽϢһ״ӵļ϶ӶϽʣϾų̈ʦ绰ܳɺİ
ϾϽ˵ҲG硣ҺȨǽӵʦĵ绰ġ
ôŵǲá
£Ȼ˵ǿǲ̶ѧŶϼֻġ
˵ţϾڰѷͽ˶ѷæ磬ҳԺˣ˰
磬ҲԺˡȨҲѧŶϾӣϽվѷжͰ
µȻܳڰ칫ҶƵġ
ӶΣ΢һ
˵ͷ˵ãˡ
ڰ룬ܳûʦҲ̫ᾭӪϵͨ࣬ѧϰĻĺٰΪġ
ϾȨߺһܳôϰ״ӿϿҽ칫ҷߡ
ź󿴵ȨͶϾˡ
ܳɫ΢滺һ£ѱ׼˲ٵ˵Ǹ˻ȥ
ĬĬȥһԿճĵǰʼ༭֪ͬ飬Լģϣ޸ĸĵġ
Ӷʱ꣬ʱܳ˵ˡ
Сܣ綼İ
ܳҲֻʱƫ˵磬еû꣬ǽǿ۲𣿴Һ񶼵˵ӡ
ܳɿ˸Ц
Ӷҡͷˮ˵ܳɣǲ֪
ҽֵൽڣܹʮﲡˡҪ̨ʦͶǧʢζһ̨ȳԹȥˡ
λ̨ϡ
̨׼
ֱף
ܳԣ˿ʱ䣬֡
Լ뿪ʮӿʼ㡣
ðɣĸСʱӣ൱2451220һҪ̨
Ӷֵе㱬ը
ѹֶϾȨˣҪģǧʢϺ˶԰ȫ֡
Ȼգ϶鲻ȻֻܰҲˡ
ܳɾôҪ̨ģ
ǰʦҲŸȥáӶذʾš
Ӷ˵꣬ûټˡ
ȨͶϾܳȴ˿֤ʲô
֤ƲҪ̨
⻰һû⣬Ҫ˵ܹе㲻̫õġ
ӶܰʾĶʾˣܳҪôѡܲôࡣȻһ̨ԣͿʼü̡
࣬ҽǺģԺ̸ǩ֣ǰҽ
ܳɵ˵ͷֻصŶ
˴ͺãԹۣԽ紦Խá
ûκ뷨Ӷ˼˵ų̂
ûԭΡ
̶һ仰ûģи˵ԵϾȨýưǽ˿ǶǵĿء
ҲǾöѣ֪ԼIII
ܳɲţҲ

ɳ˶˳Թȥˡ
ӶΪҪֵ࣬Ȼ߲
ܳҲд˲ȻҲ˺ͼ̸ǩ֡
Ӷ֪ǲæòɿһֱûܳɽ
ܳںͲ̸ʱ
һСʿ˽һʵϰʿıԺʿҲæˣֵҽʱ䶼鲻
ֵҽֵҽǱִ绰ˡ
Ӷˡ
õģȥ
תͷֻܶܳ˵ܳɣ΢ŵ㲡нҴһ£ȥܸϻ
ܳںͼ̸£ҲֻǸغͼ˵һ£˵ͷ
Ӷˡ
ܳǼ˽ƿѡıƼƵķԼӦķպ棬ЩҪװ˵ġ
ܳڵˮƽ˵Ķ϶ǳ
ͺͲ˼ͨˣҲǿϵˣȲҪˣ˴Ӧ÷ǳɴ䡣
һʣǲҽɣ
ܳɵͷţ϶ǲҽģİɡ
̶̨ϣȻǲ̶ܳҲƭ
ͬҽļãȻǩ֡
ӶٴδҴȥ˼˶ģ·϶ñʼ¼Ų²ˣļŴЩû
һʲôĲˡ
Ӷ˼ﲡ󣬺ִ
һΪ곤˵Сƿʼֵ࣬ܶҽԺЩµ̲̫
ոˣȫ԰ȥҽԺ绰ǿƣûõġ
ǲ㣬ʱǻѲ˻Ͼ˱˻ˣʱֲڡ
ĲˣֱȥضҽԺҪȥǿ˷ʱ䡣
һ֮ٴȥضҽԺ˺ͼ;ǼƵҽΡ
пܻᱻǾٱġ
´Ҫס
ѩ򲻽ץͷʣ֣ʦϴֵʱ򣬹ؽλǿƴõİ
ǿ϶ǹǿƵֵࡣֵʱܴʱ򣬶ܡ곤ҽѩĵļ򣬸п
ҽԺҪעĵطоĵطҪһЩ㻹Ҫѧ֣ΰĳؽѩġ
û취ѩĳէǲ̫ǿƵĺܶء
ѩС׵صͷˣֺûס
⻰ñӶˣӶʱǳ÷ǳΡ
ɫһײҰ˻صƣҽˡѵء
е
ӶվƬ̣֣ʦǽеĹǿƻ𣿡
֣ΰѩͬʱת֣ΰҲΪԵΣϾ͵ʲô¶ûһ˵ǵģǹǿƵҽǰɣ
ؽλĲˣ㿴Ҫô֣ΰʮֿһ
һ뻹dissǿƵǸ֣Ρ
ӶҲֻԼû֣ΰ֮ǰ˵Ļȴе㲻ɶأ
Ӷ˻߳ƬӺ󣬱һŹؽλһǼؽλ֣ΣˣڼƸλɣ
ãǸ˵֣ΰ൱Ϥ̵׼ء
ĥӶ˼תͷɫеãȻʽȣ
֣Σҽ˵ڼƵĴַλѩΪ޹ظ֣ΰظӶĻ
Լոձˣ֣˵ֻʦؽڸλ
ⲻֶһ
֣ΰӶʹ˺üɫӶ˿ȴʮּᶨ֣ΣҽǸ˿һҽɡȥ̸ҪǼһֽӡһ֪ͬ顣
鷳ˡ
ӶҲƢˣû֣ΰͰѲһˡ
ôdissˣͲˡΪǹǿƾǵ¼Ƶģʲôֵõۣ

ܳɻڰ칫Ҽǩֵļȱ©ʱͿһʵϰСʿٴμ˽
ֵҽֵҽ嵽ſڣܳɺΪܳ󣬾׼ء
ܳɶ˵ļ
ͬʱüӶôôȥܼ˸طļ
ƵѽϽȥһ˰ɣػǼƵԴġ
ܳͣŵؾȣ
Ӷڼƻô


ھʮ 𣿣
ֲܳ鰡
ʵܳ벻ôᷢ
Ӷڼƣƻ绰뼱˹ˡ
СʿܼΪĵ绰绰һͷ˵ˣԼǼƵΣ˽ӵ绰ֻʶҽ
µ绰ɣ绰ûءСʿ˵
ãܳɰѲҸһ֣ͬʱߡ
СʿԺ˵鷳ҰѲŻزȥһ£ȥӵ绰
õġСʿȵ˵ͷȻֵ˵ͷƺܳɰһͷƺЩɬǵġ
˻ʿվܳɽӹ绰ãǿƶ
˭ǼƹȻԷֱ˵Լݡ
ܳΪǿƵĹ࣬ȥֹƣȻ֪ȻǼƵΡ
ϻأʦǹǿƶסҽֵҽѾڼư
֪ڣϽ취ϵǿҵϺ߸ǧʢͨ
˵ǿƵӶڸַλˣƾȳ߻ڸƴ绰ʱš
ϲ̫á
ʮ֮ϺͶǧʢûҾֱӸǿƵ绰ˣ취ȻΪ˵꣬͹Ҷ˵绰൱Ӳ
ܳסˣⶼʲôë
ȻΪƵΣֱϺǧʢֱϵûʲô⡣
Ҳֱǣ
ӶȥַλˣʲôŶ
㶼ͨ绰ȥ취λڶ̨ϣܴͨ绰Źء
ܳڹȻ˵绰󣬳Ƭ̣ȸƴ绰˵һ
Ǳʲô̬ȣʵĻȨͶϾȥϵһϺɡ
ôǽڿһ£زȥˡ
绰ͨˣܿͱˣ֮ƺѲػʿƣ绰ˣȥѪѪ
ܳ⻰Ͻ˵ʦܳɣһ˵𣿡
֪ܳɣ˵顣Ͻģ߻̨ϡֵƺܳɿھǽһ˵е㲻̫ð
ܳɼ֣ʦҪһ̨
žž
ŵ绰һ߱㴫׵žžϴֻʿĳЦƣǿҵס඼ôţǫֱ̂ӵ绰ġ
ûػֱ绰޾ߣص
ڿ˵ˣôѽƵȻû֮ǰôӲˣȻﻰ䣬ôܳɡ
Ӷֵ࣬Ŷʮǰмȥ˼ƣոռƵĹȻδ绰ң˵ַλˡ
ϵϺͶǧʢΣ취ϵǡҸڿ̸28ͱӶίʱһ²
Ҿ;ãбҪʦһ£׸ô㣿
Ҫ֪ͨεĻҾͿŲȥϵϾȥ¡
νˣʮ֮ûлظֱӸǿƵδ绰ܳɷǳٵػء
ܳӶίУ͵þΡ
ȻӶµ£ܳȻġ
ƵʱüͷӶʲôַλ
ҲʦܳƽĺţʵҲеŵġ
㲻£ȥ˵£Ҫ⴫Խ֪Խã֪Ҵ绰Ҫֵò
ڿȻҸӶ绰ذ࣡
ʲôãֵˣΪ졭
ܳҲҡҡͷˡ
Ҳÿڵ飬ǵеġ
Ϻֵ࣬мƽ̨û취飬ҽҵΪ
Լգ鲻ϼѵв̶
֮е飡
ֵҽֵ಻úֵˣɢ˺òã
һǼΪرش¹ʣҲҪԳ棬Э˵ĹϻҽԺ֯ͰţǶ㲻
ʮ֮ܽ˿Ȼ󿴵ܳɾ˵ܳɸ磬˼ˡ
ûû£һڿе顣ָ硣
ǵôˣ
ðɣͦ󣬵չ˳߮ҲνȥңҾˡֹǻ֪Ӷ顣
Ҳ֪ǱϺ˷
ܳɸ磬ȥϢɣ˾ˡΪ˵
ܳҲˡ
ֻҪӲ̶ƵķԸˣ飬ܳòϡ
ϾôļﲡˣԼҽֵʱҲԼֵ¡
ص˼ңܳɱ㵽ǰ򿪱ʼǱ˼·ʼдģⷽͼƻ

Ϻ˿̷ǳջ̨ϵ˼ơ
MLGBģڿǧǿǿҪַλҪַλˣƲˣӶһѧͲʿڴʵҵĻ
ҲΪ˷Ժ˲ţǿٴ
ӱƵʿҵʮһʱ䣬ٴڴʱ䰡
Ȼḻʵʲ˵ô򵥵ô
ڰ·˼ƵĹȻȻɫޣڿϺ󣬾ӭȥΣˡ
Σ˼ȥ˸ᣬģʽǹˡ˼绰һֱûϺȻеŭǡ
öԹȻĻǸÿģϾҲΪ˹ǿƺãȻĻ͵Ӷ㲻ӶԮ顣
︺ƣǿƵ⣬ǿƵ︺
Ҳ˽ˣҲֻ̨ܰˡ
̨ؽλһŹؽڵĺλǿҵҽûö೤ʱ䣬͸λȥˡ
ǻһؽλĲˣҽѾλ˿СʱˣûλȥҽӶѲͣˣҽȥͲ˵ļ̸
һٴ绰ҪǼλȥпܾ͹˰ȻͣҲĴš
ؽλַθλʧ֮󣬾пܱҪתƵġ
ֻǣʧ˺üΣúúøͲ˹ͨȻĻһٱǶԼƣԹǿƶΪ鷳
ϺȻȻģл˵鷳˹Σˣһȥɡ
Ⱦơ
ȱȾƵ飬Ȱ鴦ðɡȻϽԹ⡣
ҪˣǺȾƳⶼС£βơư׾ѡ
Ҫûȥ߹ˣβëҪҪ
ҵſڣƵѾȻˣڸ׼ǰ׼úɫǱڱǵλ
ӶĵںͲ˼ͣҲӶλǰ̸̸úá
˼е㲻ԸʣҽǲҪûλȥĻͱҪˣ
֮ǰҪɱˣƽʱʹˡ
ӶַλֻƵѡʽ֮һٱѡķǿİ취ͣӼɡǲеĻǾͱⲻ˿һˡ
ӶΪʿۺͻǺʵģ˸֮ǰ͵ҲΪλ
ƣַλλ
ݽΪס
ҽܾͲɡٶ취˫ֱȭҾС
ǻ취ġӶбһͿϺˡ
ŰȥŵƬӣٺκúһ¸λķ
õĺõġζ֣ŷĲ٣߽ңԼץסԼ֣ο˵
ûû£ǿƵζˡ

ϺӶ󣬾Ȼ߽˲Ƭ
ؽǰλûɶİ
ؽǰλǹǿƹؽλĵڶڣʮ־λ㲻ǹǿƵҽҲ֪Ʒʽ֮һӶô£
Ӷ󣬻㱨ʷΣ35꣬ŮԡԷΣʹ͡ƬûԵĹۡ
ؽǰλַλġ
˹һȺŵţsantosȫûɹӶΪƵػظ
֪ô£ǿѸԵļؽǰλ
ϺӶĻ㶡
˵ʵ棬ĸλҲŵţsantosλȻϺΣҲû˵
ҪҲⷽ棬֣֪ʶ
ǣӶ⻰ϺȥӶˡ
Ӷû³ç£һж޹ַۣλӦ
ڶҲԼ֪ʶͼܴ
ֲͬļؽλλѾ㹻˰ϺԼֻ
Ǿ治˵Ӷ³çˡ
ңӶôһͣϺüͷͬʱȻҲ΢滺һ£˵ԼؽλҪôأ
˵ʵտʼ˵ǿƵĲʿַλˣλ˺üûɹ
ڲ캰أϹˡ
ΪԼָѧܶΪӶǴɵ͵ġƺġ
˼׼Լˡ
ΣҪƣ绰ҲɣǰǹǲרƵģӴĶǹǲѧרҵĹؽƵоӶΪƵĽš
ҲԼаһַλ¶ԼѾ˳׼
˭ðԮɣȻǲ̫ÿЩԼҲѧˣԼ൱Լٴٰ
ãϺ˵ͷ
ȻӶɵ£çȥɵģͲȥʱӶôȰ˵
棬϶ҪһӶġ
Ϻȸ̶˸绰ȥһڵҽһµǰ
̶ûԥʹӦˡ
Բ˵ʱ򣬹ǿһģҪڼƸλʱ򣬳鷳Ƕǿƶ档
˵϶ϺЩڱǾǹǶƵʵá
ϹͷŽ˽¶˽飬ʱϺ°ӡ
Ų̶˵Σ֪ˣϸƴ绰ɡ
Ϻһ㶣û뵽̶Ȼô¡
̶ƴ绰ƴ绰Ȼһȫһ
ллΡϺһ
С飬ȺͲ¹̶ͨٶһ䣬ҲΪһ·
Ϻͨʲô϶ͨ
ȥƽΪ˸Ҳһ£ҪçŸɡ
ƺܿ˼ƣŵϴַעͣϴַǽҾҪ·һǶ䳤㣬ɫЬ޾Ҫĳ޾ۡ
һ˲˵ǰƽƬɫ͵رһ£׵ؿ˿Ӷ
ôƣϺʡ
ԣŹͷѹŹϣѸԼؽǰλΪһֻ֡ǿƵcase report
̨λõKocherλҲǸոնõλַûᵽķˡҪԵĻֻܻóɹʽϸߵKocherλˡƲǹؽƵĿư
˽ĻǱӶЩ
ӶҲǿе׺鱾˽Ļǹ
ҽԺʱһ黹ǿհףƺ󣬵ǽϺ˼̨СĹǲǹ
ؽλ˽ģֻûôרҵ
⼱Ƶ֣ø㣬˵ǿ;˵Ļ˵ЩˣЩɶë
бȥϺ潲ֵҽ
йؽ۵ĿѹԼΪʲôλȥˡ
ͺñȣŷһľҪϣܹص𣿹ǲŹ֣ԣҪôӶˣҪôˡ
ǲſ¡
ʦȻܸһ𣿡Ӷʡ
԰ɣ˵ûաƵҰѻ˵
Ӷظ֪ĿǰѾλˣ໹λᡣ
ַλãҲ̰࣬ʵˣ÷÷
ü㳢˰

ܳɲŷ飬ǹۻ֪ʶ׼ժеĹؼ֣Ϊģ˼·زĺúôĥʱ
ƽϵֻ
ܳƽʱʵƽʱѧϰֱֻߵģԼ̲סȥ֮ԷˣǾƻ̶߲пܸ绰
Ͼļ٣һͻȻһҪ̨ˣǿ϶ǲ̶ȥˡ
еĻû취ֻܿ˵Ȳȵãȥһҡˡ
̶̨Լȥ֣ǿ϶Ӳġ
һƵģܳɸпһ£ͣס˱ʣˡ
Ͻͨʦܳɡ
ܳɣһ˰ɡ㿴Ϊе۵˵
ܳʮ⡣
ôˣͼƸǰɣ
ƽ˵Ǿˡ
ûУʦϳ
ǸؽλĲ𣿡ܳһߣһߴҪġ
ǡ
Ĵַλʧ֮ͰӶٱˡ˵ҽƵ˺ֵ඼˼˽һ顣
˵ļܽϾͿ˵ȥˮžһ绰ȥҽơ
ҽڵ⣬취ò˲ơѲ˺ͼȶס
绰һġκͺζ̨ˣҲ˿²۵ġ
ܳɵĲһ٣ɧһ
ʦ
ҵ绰²ۣ


ھʮ ǿ˸į
ѩĿϺе㽹ͷöؽҽ񴦡Ͷ߰칫ҵĵ绰ʱץץͷ
ѩԱߣ֣ΰļ˵С֪Ϊʲô֮ǰҪô˵˰ɣ
ҽԺĹǿƣڹؽλַλһ飬ûγɳ棬впܳ
ʵӶȽϺõˣǿʶڲǰͲ˺ͼʮ
֮ǰҲǸ˵ļΪְͨɣ
ʵ󲿷˵˼άֻϽǲ̵ܹġûþȥҽ񴦵Ͷ߰칫Ͷߡ
ѩ΢΢ͷҧҧ촽˵֣ΣؽλǹǿƵרơĲˣֱ֮ȥҽԺҲ̫ʰɣ
˵ʵɣѩĲֵ༸죬ֵ̾ǣһʮСʱȻϢ죬ټһʮСʱ
֮ǰֵвͬ
֮ѩĵĵһдǣҽԺļƣΪУԶԶȲԼϴѧҽԺƶоʱ˵ô
ֵʱżܹһСʱû˵
Ĳ
֣ΰпС˵ģǰҽԺ֮ǰеĸһĵطˡ
㲻Ǽ˵˲㣬רƵ顣Ĺǿ£ң㲻ܱŹǿƵ˰еĲ˶κʹõİ
ˣ˵ˣһǵһǡ´μǵþˡ
˵֣꣬ΰ˵Ȼҽƿ϶˹͵⣬ǲڼҽĴϼᱻйȥ
ֱֻ˵˹ǿƵĵ绰뼱ҪʲôǿƲӹؽƲ˵飬ԽԽҡ
ҽƿɲ㲻רƵ顣
ǿǱѾǻӪˣǲټӰѻ𰡡
֣ΰ
ˣ˵ͼƾûϵˣǵһʱ˼飬רƵ⣬ȻרƻڼƵҵΧڡ
Ӷ֮󣬾ҪַλģǼƿһëǮϵûС
ﲡеĹǿרƲ֣Ӷдģ֪ͬϵ̸ҽǩµҲӶ֡
ȻԼûʲôϵҲҪ˵ıͱӡ
֣ΰֿЦ˵ȻҲܲᱻȥҷǶ㲻
ѩ̧ͷ֣ΰǸ֣ʦԲ𣬹û۵ˡ
ûû£ҶôģڰҽԺҪעϸڶأ˹ǿ֮⣬ҲкܶϸҪģ˵ƣһһ
׵Ŀأڿơһ
ѩĸϽͷЩϸڶһһ
ҽ񴦵Ͷ߰칫ҵĶģϺӵ˵绰ʮ֮󣬾˸ˣһǰ칫ҵΣһǹԱһͶ߼¼
˼֮󣬱ѹǿص˶ȥƵģֻ֣ΰ͹Ȼ
ϾΡҽ¹ʡҪοǹǿƣֻ鷢˼ƣȻҲѼƵ˽йȥ
ƶûŹ
칫ҵҲҪн칫ʱֳ˸Ϊ֮ɫ
ΣҲһҪȥҾǱ;æġСˣ뿪
Ǹܳɸմ˵绰˵˵ģԼ绰ŴˣԼȥʻˣܳɵʱˣһô
ƣҲһɡɫһʮֹŰ壬ΪͨͶ߰칫λû˵Ϻơ
ƱϾǹؽƵĿưȻ˵Щ˵ĻҲӾרҵԣҽƾףҪ˾ṩ˵ǣҲܹ˵
õģΡһ֪࣬ԼӲˡ
ҹԺϺרŻΪڿôԼ
ؽλַλԼڿŪģӶⶼڱԼ
˺Ϻ棬Ȼٴ绰ˡ
ǿٵ΢Ÿܳɻ˸ϢұͶ߰칫ҽȥ̸ˣ㲻ùˡ
ܳɹһֱֻעϢԼظʦѾڼſˣһ𣿡
ơ
(o)
ɣȥҼƵѩȿƬӰɡ
ҽȥˣֻˡƻظ꣬ͲֻˣڵϾɲǿЦƤЦʱ
Ӷ˵ĵλǱԺҽʦҲ֤ˣӵһͲȨޣ飬һָģȻ׵塣
ԱϺȻȻƺ֣ΰ
˿żɽصҷϻͲ˵ˣͶ߰칫ҽӵͶߵ绰ȥҲ˹֮ͨǰͶ߰칫Ұչ˽һʵ
ҽǹǿרƵ˵ɡ
࣬ñʼ¼һ£Ȳ¼Ͷߵ档˷ԸԼǸСཻһ䡭

ܳɽ˼ƺ󣬺ܿͿѩġ
ѩǲ˵ĵһ˳λҽڲ˵ļûҵӶѩĵǰʣҽǿƵҽأأһˣ
⻰ʱеڣԼͶߵĵ绰ǲǴˣԹǿƵҽˣȫˡ
Żڲ棬ֱľţǲʹˣֻǶˣҲǴԻΡҪû˹ˣǿǺã
ոԼ˵º󣬱Լźݺݵһ٣ľûģԼⲡûþȥͶߣûҽҪôŪ
ȻֻҰ
ѩľֻν˵Ǹ壬ȱżǹǿƵҽǽӵͶ߰칫Ҵĵ绰ȥʻˣܿͻ
ȱż
ܲż𣿡
Żأ˵ϹʱͲˣе
ƺԼôѩĵ鷳ҲûҶˣ˵ڴ绰ȡͶߣЩҽܻ𣿡
ѩǳ˳飬ﰵ˵Ϊǲгأ
㲻˾˵
飬Ͷ߰칫ҽӵͶߣ϶Ҫ˽ġҽԺ͹ǿҲһᾡһġѩ˵ţȻͲ߽ܳ
ܳɽΪ˵棬ûн˽ĳƺǺ˱Ƚʽĳƺҽ
ҽáѩĿܳɵʱüЩɬ
üһﰡǴ˰֮ԽǿͲˣΪһϴֵʱ˳ˡŪôһ硣
ȻҲ˵ܳɵĲǡ
ҽû˵׸ôأ棬Ͳ𣿡
Gû˹𣿡̯˫֣ԹͷŭȻҲЩΡ
ѩҲֻܲܳɣͲ˽˵Ͷ˰ҽʱȥʻˡ
϶᲻ܣҹǿƵڶڼܿġҽԺҲģ˵ˣȥͶˣ˵
ӵͶ֮󣬷Ǽ£Ҫֹɴ˵ĲҪ칫ҵ˺˲֮ķΣգȻټ
ҽҲû취顣ѩĿЦ
˵ļʱصغһţTMD
ʲôѣ
ŸĿ֣ʲôƹأ߰ģҽԺģҽƵģǸκþˡҳǮǿô£
ҽ㻹ܲҵҽ
ҽ취Ŵȣû
൱ڣԼűƵңһ룬һ룬ҽˣһ顣
ҲǾã֮ǰҽ϶Լ뷨ģԼͶǣǿܻᱨ
ŻûӦǰٻҽܹ֮ǰһҽ֮ǰѲãǻؼ˾ˡ
⣿ѩʶ׼ظ⵱һǿƵҽ
Ͼ뷨ҽӶƶ̫࣬Ƕû취ԼҽҲܰܳɼȥʱͶټͶߣǾ군
һʱȥҰǿƵҽɹǿƵŵģҲ֮ǰǸΰŵġ
ֵҽҽţ
ǼֻǿƵҽɲ˭ġѩļ͡
⹤ˣƹȻȨԲѩģһСҽ԰ŵöġ
ң
ǳ˼ʶˣҽԺҲҽˡǣ
ǰҽԺֱôףҴû˵¡
ϴѧҽԺûôףħ;ҽԺҲûף
㿴Ҹȥ취
ôҽԺؿ⣬ҽⰡʼѩĺ
Ҳǲ֪˭ôȥˡ
ѩĴ˿еڣеԼûӶһȥᡯԼһ˵ļΪеί
Ҳ˵ʲôֻӲͷƤҶ˵ˣֵͻҽǿƵΣͶߵĵطȥʻˡ
ûȨҽ㳯ҺûðҾֻǼƵСҽ
롣ȭͷԱ߾һֱ벻ԶǾһֱֿ
ȭͷǵ־м
ʲôɲܰҪܵĻǿɱˣﶼͷġ֣һ£ҲǾһˣ˶ڣƾͲ῿ˡ
ʱܳɺݺݵüͷ
ѩĻںͲ˼ʱȥһ˼ƵƲȻͿˣǸؽǰλĲƬӣʾڵĻϡ
İ칫кüҽԣûҰˡ
ܳ»һ£üͷ
ؽڵλȷǱȽϺģѸԵĹؽλûҵȷķĸλȥؽڵַλʮ֣һһԿ϶ǲȡġ
Źͷѹ˼ؽڵĹؽۡ
ʮ鷳
һǳõĸλʽС
ܳϸƬһ֮
ȥ˼Ƶҽ칫ңšһ״ӣѹŵƷסˡ
ƷϢ
ȻŽ˽ԼĿ֣ȥ
߳ʱ򣬿˿ѩģںͲ˵ļ˵ļȻֵٸѩĽҽԺôôҽҽµʲôĴ
ûע⣬ҡ
ܳҲûѡˣֵһֵƺͲ̶ųֵĻβ
̶ƻ̨ϣƱȥˡ
ҪȴĸԴҽԺͿΪܵġ
ֻûеõظ
Ҳֻ˽˲ҡ

ƵĻ
ӶԼȻϺ˵˵֮
˵ҽҲһɣŵѾ˽ˣ˵һ˵Ŀ
֮ǰϺרǹؽƵĿư¡
ƵʮҪġ
Ӷ˵ʱʵѾ֯ԡ
˵ΣոǿƵҽƵĹκ֣ҲȺ󶼽ľ
Ҳ;νƵģ
ǴӹǿƻǹؽڿƵĽǶȳ
Ҿöûġ
ȣһ㡣
ǿƵҽڲǰϸضԲ˵˵ϡ˺ļؽǰλ
޹ۣ֢״
ַλӦƷôͲ˵ЩпܻϷͥģȻ
ٴָ棬ѡַλѡơ
ΪʲôҪѡأָҲôдģһ͹۵ʵⶼȫصרңؽƺʹƵĸڼרγɵĹʶ
ַλʧ֮󣬲ѡơ
ҲҪĵڶ㣬ҽǰҲ벡˺ͼϸĹ֣ͨ˵ġ
ҲҪҽѧ򣬲ǳ򻯵ģκƷʽƽڱȻϵ
ֿǲ˻߼֪ͬȨͬŲ
ҽѾ˳ֵǰǰĹͨǻߺͼѡַλƷʽȴԸַλʧܵĽ
ѡȷƷʽЧǾϻϳ˴󣡡
ҽѾ˳ֵӦԵͬʱǹǿҲʱƷ
Ⱥ˼ؽǰλĶָλʽĵҲƵĸЩڳϣûġҲӦѭ򽥽ġ
ǵϴѧҽԺħ֪ҽԺڼؽǰλƷʽѡ񣬶ֻѡַλ
ֻǣκƷʽһһӦϵҽѧָϣֻǲοԵǾѡ˾κá
ҪزԼƷʽѡҲҪ
˵ŵʱ򣬾˻ҵš
һΪ衣
Ȼʱ˵üͷһ塣
˭
ЩûǺֱƿš
ƿź󣬼Ƶһҽʦվſڣ˺üĭЩţɫʮ־˵ΣΣʢ÷ļ
˺öˮĹһܵҽԺ棬˺üδҺĽˡ
Ҫ˵Եлһǡ
Ȼ꣬˵崻ˡ
һ˷·һ鲻һӲãȻؿſڵˡ
˼졣
ɶָ˵۶֡
ʢ÷ǸؽλĲˣ˵ļǾٱˡ
ͽ͹ĻôǸɶģ
ôõĻᣬͶ˵ˣͿ˸į
ʮʱ䣬Ȼſںȵī˵ʲôڲǿЦʱ򡣡
ڿ˵⣡
ҳȥɫ


ھʮ ǹǿƣ
˴˿̺ݺݵش˴ͷһû˳ȥڵ
ī˵ʲôЦɲÿ
ڿ˵⣡
˵ĵʹģȫҲеʹ
üһǰŽӵ˲˼ľٱ绰Ϊ˽ģҪﲡ˽Ͷߵ⣬ҲҪٴҽ벡֮ìܡ

ƺ󣬰ѴҶ
ʵĹУ˼Źͽˡ
ԣǿ˸į
TNĵǲϺ͹ȻⰲŵôһԼϷģ
īεʱͿЦһ£˵ΣȻҿЦ
ڲ˼ţһѹ˼Ƶҽͻʿֻ˵ҪԵǵлһС
Ǽ˳飬ʱӣʵΣΣǵʲô
⵽Ͷģսİ
ͬʱʾԼ칫ҵˣд˱дˣϹæˡ
ʲôⰡҶˣԼְ˵䲻ģͶ߰칫ҪֹȫԺͶ⣬ûô๦￪Ц
ⳡϷβÿ
Σ˼
Һ͹Ҳ֪һȥɡ
ʵ绰֮ǰԼ֪ԼͶˡϺվ˵
ǿƶǷ˼ƣȻǾ÷ĸңؿҶΣ԰ѹȻ˽ôҪ
ӽǣϺҲԼӽǡ
ֻе㲻̫ʹһһȾٱȻ͹ͽ졭
϶ĵڵÿ͵͵ԼֻϾܳɽ˹ҲľֱӰѩľͲˡ
ɿϢ֮Ƶɫ̾һ任
һ£ѹ˵Σߣ֪ʲôˡ
⻰ʱĿ˹
Ϻƫͷգգۣһɻı飺֪
֪ʲô
ţ֪ˣڲ˵ǵǳȥˣȰͶ½ˣϸ̸ɡ
ǱߵλôˣǽǿĿİΡ
û취ֻܰѻӹͬʱֲòӡ
ܳСӣ̫ˣûò̶Ƶ⣬͸ȥҫĲˡ
ֻȰţȿ˽֮۰ɡ
Ϻ͹Ȼ˼⻰Ҳû׷л˵һһͿë˵ǶԵģǱ߲ĸԴǱߴˣһж˵
Ļô飬üֵߵĲζһ
Ϻһ˴ҴҳţȻ㿴ʢ÷ļȻڼƵĿҶҽ˵ЦҸ˺ü죬ЦŴҳкõˮ̡
ͬʱڲɨӣÿϺˣת߹Ȼǳ˽˵λҽʦˣлллл
ʵ̫лˣллΪŵ飬˼ˡ
ںΣȡ֣ԲţһߵǸһŽݹ
˿öĪ
֮ǰôõƢ˺˵ĻԾûͶһˡ
Ϻ͹Ȼɲҽӹ졣
֣ΰɨһѩģ֣ѩ˹ȻС˵Σ֣Ρ
ǰãҺʢ÷ļڽʱʢ÷֪ôģԼǰ۵Ӳ˳
ȻҵлҺҳܵϹ±ˡ
˲ãʢ÷˵иǿƵҽѾ˸λˣҿ£ѾʧˡԼһȥӰˡ
֪ԼϹͿìܣǼһ˹ȥϹҽǸ
һ
ȻѩĲ̫ĽͣæʵûʣǸǿҽ˭𣿡
ôһʶȥ˲ң
ѩƽʱֻǸ֣ΰԹȻĴλʮηģ˵ʱ˼ǳڰȻĻ¡
īҲͷ䣺С˵ģոѼƲˣǻҪǿƵҽСһֱںͲ
ȻԼˣתͷϺ
Σǹǿλ
Ϻ˿̱ԼҪ±ơ
ƣΪҵʱ˵֪ʲôˡ
ȻҲ˳Ϻߣƣǲ𣿡
Ʊ֪Լסˣ˵ǣǲΡ
һø͵˵Σҹܳɡֻпơ
Ϻһֵܳʱ˲ϾͲ˾֮ɫѸԵĹؽλַλôң
ţϺԽ˵ԽԾϽ˽ɤʾ
ΣǹǿƵΣڼƵĲԱ߻ҽ񴦵Ͷ߰칫ҵˣΪΣӦñԼֵܣǷ־ȥ侮ʯ
ƽѵΣǸողڹίԱķļ涨I
һȨҽʦҽʦ裬¿ҽʦ裬ѾҽύȨ˵ġ
ǸոյóĽ۾ǣסԺҽʦǿԽIͲġ
ﻰ䣬ڲϵϺҪ˵ȻĻվŵģɻһסԺҽʦְƵˣȻǲʿֻסԺҽʦ
˵һñնʾڡ
Ҫرעģǲ˵ĸλƬӡ˼ءСѡ
˵ʱԱߵӶɫһ粻ƵĻô
û취ȷΪƶ̨Ͻ
ںӶʵֻô˵ܷڡ
ȻϺƢܳﲻΣ϶ᵱڱƱƵġ
ҽûһػҲеεؼ˵ΣΣ֪֮ǰĴΪ֮ⲻҲżŵĲ
ǿһ
ŵλˣ˵ġ
Ϻվߣ˵ҽβǵı֣첻աҽԺĹ涨ղ˵κζ
ǲǮơҽԺͶ߰칫ҵζҷ󰡡
ǻһ𿴿˵ĸƬ˵ɡ
ϺȻ͵Ľ죬⻰ǲ̼ܵϺǲԭϺɲôࡣ
֮ǰͶߵʱ򣬿ûЩʡ
ͷβǿƵƶû⣬Ͷ鷳ġ
ԱߵĹȻ˶óϺ⻰е˼
ҽԺίԱᶼĹ涨ҽջߣǲյĽ죬ȴڻ¸ķ档
ȻϸϽҲǲ˻ǮģϺҪסе㡣Ҳ˵ùȥЩ˵Ľ죬ҲǲԸյġ
ܿ죬ʢ÷ʹӰƻˡ
ǰ۵ԼϹһҽǰЩεŽ쵫ûգǰһ
лл˰ҽҡ
ϹҪżңŻŵ˴£ллǵĴƽǵĴ󣬻ơ
ʵ֪ҽԺֻҪˣͱҪ𵽵ס
𣬲ƻתԺø𵽵ףƵƵɳԺĳ̶ȣתԺҪõѾתԺ˽ҽԺѾסԺǸĽ
ĻתԺḶ́ʵϸ϶Ҫ׷ٵģν鷳ޱȡ
ǰ˵ǸֻûоɣҺοܻҪһ飬ܷܲȥ²Ұ
ؽλĸ
һǻ֫Σͨȷ
ʹǾҵʹǻߵܸо
ʹޣҪͨȷ
ƽƬʾŹͷڼؽڵļؽڵĹؽۣ쳣״̬ͨƽƬȷ
ؽλλɹҲԡ
ʹʧʵֱӵģԼܸоܹȷλɹġ
һã֮ǰΪ˷㸴λûʹĸо
ֻͨȷ
һ֫ʧͨ﷢֣Ҳȷ
ȻָĸԤ£ɼؽڸĶ֮ԲΪ
ĸоſſģ֪λĴˣô
ƽƬʾؽڽṹ
õĺõģʢ÷ϻظ
ҽԸⲻ鷳ٸ¼飬Ȼʮܵġ

ʮӺ󣬲˺ͼǧлض˾Ϲ
ϺͲ˵ļߣ˵ʲôҲս죬ǰѽ˵
ӶڼﲡϣдºҪעҽҲǸ˽Ļᡣ
Ȼ˵ڿ˲뿪󣬱æԼȥˡ
עģǲ˻ֲ֣˵õƵĴûУ費ҪλҪҪ鷳ľС
ԲûȤȥ⸴λ˵ǹǿƵ˭ǲԽ¡
ֻҪǿƵûʲôԽͼĴӰ쵽ǡ
鶼ǹǿڲ飬Ϻòĵ顣ǸȤġ
֮ǰǾȷסԺҽʦһûëģֻ˵ûϼҽʦڳϼҽʦڳǾ͵ȥϼҽʦΪʲôڳأΪʲôأ

Ȼ뿪ҵϺǳؾصظϺ
ӶȥúúͲ˵ļͨ£ϺȻˡ
Ӷ鷳»ûأȥȰ˵˼ȡͶߡ
Ͷ߿һͨ绰ͶߣȡͶߣͶԵͶ߰칫ңҪȷͶûбвĸԸѾõ˱ȽƵľε
Ϊ˱˵桭
ƼܱߵˣΣҪңҰܳɽƵġ
ȻĻû֣ҵȻʹ绰ݺݵ
ɵʲô£Խ޴ңᣬ¡
ˣֵõ
ϺƳһƣƤ˳飬ƣʣƣ˵Щ˼ǲǻл
ж˵̧ͷһϺƺڼƽϺ⻰˼
Ϻǰߣ˵ȥ̶ɣ飬Ϊס
⣬Ҳ֪飬ܳɵĻôˣҲɵӣô飬ȥܳ鷳ġ
㲻Ϊ˻Сӣ͹ƺüȦӡ
Ϻ˵ˣԭشһ
ȻҵķȥﻹϺ׻ôε飬ϺƢԣ϶ô˵ġ
Ҳû취ˣϺߵľֻв̶ǰ¸ν˲źá
мƾ͸ܳٷ˼ϢôһȻصң˲̶ǫ̶̀ש

գ罻ϡ
ƺܳɶеصֵ໤ʿֵҽĽȻȺϺ׻ʹʲô
ϺҲ֪ǲյԵʣϵؽ˽ࣺû飬
ǧʢ鷿ֱӴȥˡ
Ͳ̶ȻҲིЩʲôҲԼȥ鷿ˡ
ڲ̶ҵʱϺȴĲ̶ļ˵Σ飬лл˰
̶С飬ΣҶһģûﻥ˵лġ
ǷǷȻ̶֪Ϻ˴ʲôգҲû˵ƣֻԼסΣǰһѡ
Ϻʹˣҡ
̶ش鷿Ȼڲ귿֮󣬲Űƺܳɽȥΰ칫ҡ
ϾȨȻճһȥҩһȥ칫дȨڣһ
ϾȻȨԺҲֲסܳɲڵ£̶˼ʱνڵӡ
ȨţԼ㣬ĶԲ̶˳̶ȵˣ˽ϣǰߵ͵˿ҡ
ܳɸȻ˺ܶСӣҿɴδκʦôĵؽнѧ
̶֪Ȩ˿̵뷨ܻ⺢ӵġ

ΰ칫ң̶˫ֻţʮָ棬ƽϡ
ȻƺܳСֱֻ˵飬˵λҡ
ƺܳ첻
˵̶꣬ܳ˵ΪֻңпܾԼȥĲ£Ƿ˵㡣
ˣҺϺ֪˭ģеס˵ֻô˵
ӶǲʿǱԺҽҶڰҽԺȦģǻһսֵܣӵĻǵ㡣ĺô˵ġ
ڵõôʱͬʱչ˵ӣ˫Ӯľ档
˵⣬̶ִʮָȡ棬ƣ˵Ϻ׼ڿһؽλַλֵࡣ
ô
Ƶɴ۾
ѩnѣ
ֵмЧٷ֮ʮȫ֧䣬ֻԵðٷ֮ʮ̶棬һֻħһջơ
_ѣ
⡫
ܾܾ

ͬʱĳ
һŮԼʦĻʱŵɫˣ˫ŵŵŵŵŵ˺ü󲽣
ɫҰίظԼʦͶȥί񣬵ֹ
ʦ
ǹǿƣ


ھʮ ˫һ
ؿ°ı飬⾪ֵС񣬺ɽСУ˹ǿħƵģǧҪӴ
òƶ԰ԣӦɽСûúжɽĻˮ
Ҳ֪Ժļͷ
ͻ󿩣Ҳûҵϴ˵ԼԼ׽ˡ
㻹ϧģΪ˵ҵˣڲŻƷϣʵ밲Ϊˡ
ʵ˿ɲҡ
Ц˵ǿֲ涵ǿôӦ
ͳغߺţʦǿƻ°ϴΣ
ƽǺģûйȫ㵱ʦڿҿңϴαǿƵҽ֧òӰȻû߿
ƵС䣬ҵҵ
ǱһθˣãƼãȻʱ䳤˵㣬Ҳǰ°ࡣеĽࡣ
ϴԼʦǿʱȥЩ£Ȼð
˵ϴˣҺ͹ǿƵĲϸʹˡϴξһ
ܳƽﲻɽˮ̶ζûԼæĹܴҽʲôᣬҲͶұˡ
಻Ҳ˵ǸС໹ǸˣӦҲǸڿҸˡ
β˵ֻһ̨ΪʦҪİѧҵ⣬ȻҪİ
ϴεת㶼Ϊ⣬ӴǿƲ࣬ԹǿеִӦԼðŰ߳ѭȦӡ
ΪҽʦһӾֻơЩǹǿƵĲ˴Ժ󼴱㹤ˣҲֵܻʱ
ֵ࣬ɲ˵ġ
ҹǿҲȫûôֲ
ͣɱֵסˣգգ۾Ų˵ƺе죬΢˼һЩȻ˵ôǲΰ
ⲻְô룬̶ڰ˺ŵġסȻܳҲᣬϴôĥɷַܳλǲ̶
ҲΪ̶֣Σȷе˼
ϴθԼַλʡҽҽԺӻڡ
οɲһ˱ϴλзЩΪ绹ϵʱ׼ţΪӦϲء
ԣٴգգ۾ʮ־ȣνƵΣԼʦƽʱڿҵʱѧϰʱְ
ҲǿĶˣǵʦŮԣһ־Ը˹
Լʦ쾹Ȼôأʦǰкʱ׼æ
ʦβ˭ôĵģѵǴħ;Ľڣüһ࣬ĿǰΪֹûô̡
ʱöԲȵ׼Աһʧ
ǵǾħĽڣҲ̫ˡϴѧҽԺĶڣĿǰִţߣ
˵ԺԺ߸Ժˡ
ǿƵĲ̶ƽﲻɽ¶ˮͻȻһӾͿʱһ𣬿ƽﶼСҲûپӪҲ֪Ϊʲô˵
ŶԹǿƲϤ˵˶Ǵִţߣܹƺˣ϶Сˡ
ȣܾԺ͸Ժѡǿ϶ʮĽˡ
ֻһ̨ɣԼʦֳʲô⡣
ҪǲĻ⣬ǸСоѣȥô
飬ҲȥģҲûãǵ
ҪʲôΪʲôͻȻôҽԺ߽ѧҲǰȥܵġ
ǿƺƽпңûҪȥܣ翼µ顣
ֻһ̨ĻôôѣҲӦ
۵㣬ǰ°ҲϴҪõöࡣ
ܶʱȥϢ飬ġ
һ̨Ѿˡչ˳ĻҲһСʱ飬Ľࡣ
šƵƵͷ
Ȼеί룺ʦϴҲôġ

ΰ칫߳󣬶ϾŻҩҽ칫ҵſڣ׼ѻҩʹȨתøϾ
ϾԼò˻ҩȻҪﾡãϵĻҩ˶ҪŲȥһء
̶ԼԽЩԼҲøЩ
ſڣһƳֿܳһαˡСӡȨѾǼֲˡ
͵ûȻܳǱСӣɲ̶һ̨ѧûܳɡ
ԼҲûҪȥܳ˵£Բ̶Ҳá
Լе˱˻Ե˼ô㡣
תͷ԰칫￪ҽĶϾ˵Ͼ磬һҩˣȥҩ𣿲ҾͰѻҩˡ
Ͼվܲ
ϵȻҩʱ䣬ɱдͿҽʱҪ
Ȼѧ˲ٶҲеۣȥϢһ£
Ȼ鹮һѧ˳ٲ©ȱԼû׺û׵ģΪԼ汻Լʦλ׼
̶ضԼôѧˣΪԼ׼ô
Լǻ㣬ѻøʵ㣬ǹԼʦİţ
ллȨ硣ϾϽӹҩȥҩˡ

СҲΰ칫ͨ¥ݵͨ档
ưűϺϰԵú󱳶ţһߣҲܵһʱƵıӦ
ҵңýŵס֮ͬ
üܳ˵Сܣողν˼㶼𣿡
ţɡϲ㰡ʦ
ǲǸԷܳЦŶƹϲ
ƱϺ˹ؽλַλֵȨޣһ˵ļЧ䣬ȺȻֵ͵ġ˳ҲΪȨͶϾı¸
Ӷ棬Ҳ֪ǾˣǾܳɽӴϼˡ
ŵεҵ潲˼
ܳɵ΢ţϸػһ²̶Ļ
˼ĻǾǻлл
ܳЩãȻʵûⷽȥ롣
Ʊһܳɵͷ˵һ˼ǲû㵱ˡֻа㵱ԼˣŻᵱҵ棬˵顣
ȥʶϾȨʲôʱ˵£
ܳе㡮ίͷһ֪ѽҺ˵
֮ǰҵĹҲֱӸİʦ
ܳȻɵǰ̶͵˵£һܳȻ뵽ˡ
ڶ˼ǣΪǣΰѹؽλֱֵӶңһѼЧֱӶ飬ΪעЩġ
֮ǰڿ۵ַλνͣˣڰϵĶҡ
ξôܻе㲻Ȼ˵
϶ҲǺµġ
ܳɼͷ˵һҲǹˣʦ˵ڱַλһһΪƵ˼𣿡
μȻؽλַλֵȨޣҹƿ϶Ҳλߺˣ۵ַλӦֵȨ޵ġ
ҹƣЧ䣬ҲࡣͲ֪Լ飬Ҫΰš
ܳô˵Ǹ߿ܳһۣͷ뵽һ㣬֤㻹ڶԽġ
һֱҲɵ
֪֪˼أƼܳɣ뿼һܳɡ
ܳҡͷˣôҲû뵽ġ
Ʊ̾һ˵ƽʱȽ϶һ仰ǣֵܷĿɳĻÿķʽһϻ⡣
ܺϻģֻǷޣӣֵܽǶСΪֻз޲һˡ
ΰ⼨Чͷңֻô룿
ֻܳô룿ͨļ飬϶֪ˣҲӴַܶλģָô֣
ܳ͡
ҿƽʱûĹǿƶְô
ƽ̾һ͵϶û뷨ġ㲻õġ±ǲܾƾġ
飬ʵҲ鷳
ֱӣܵ˵϶ҶǺ¡ģȻԲĵط
ǲӦؾãڵ֮ǰΣ֮ĹϵͲ̫ѽ
ܳϷʣѵ𣿡
Ǵӹǿһֵܣ
֣ǧʢΣǺߡڵĹǿƶδһչġһˣǼǿƶߵЧ治̫á
תλ˹ǿһ
һֱģ
ƶܳһζĻ󣬱߽˿ܳһ˼˺óһʱ䡭
ܿ죬ܳɾ߽˿
ߵĹУ͸оֻһ¡
Ƹ༭һϢ΢ŵϢܳɺܾöûֻϢ
ܳɣԺؽλַλûʽΪְǰһָһ㼨Чġкܶࡣ
ʽ֮顣
ܲء
ɾ
ܳɿ꣬ϰϢɾˣȻûһ߽˿
Ȩڿҽдܳɺ󣬷ǳ˵ܳɸ磬һԷ𣿡
ϴܳɵõٵĻᣬˡ
ͶϾ̶˽̿Σ
ܳæصһе£ͲһˣȥϾһɡ
ܳһǲøϾȨȻֻѡ
ţõģһ۾۰롣Ͼʮִ󷽵صŵŵȱı顭
ʮʮ壬ܳɾͺͲ̶µҡ
ʱͰƵһ̨׼ȥԷȻֻȥҳԷġ
̶һŲȿţҵ㡣
˵ΣҺͶԼĿ̨ʱһʮ
Ҫһʮ֮ǰһңʱ̨׼һ¡
ѾѲ˽ӽˣҪȥһ
ѧӦûûԷɣҪȲˡһȥԷҺСҲûԵġ
⻰㻹ûӦڸ˰ιӻ˹ͨİϳ˳飬ʱ˫һȴ˸
ﰵ˵ˣˡ
˵ǿжɡ
ˡ
һ£Ǿͬ˲̶˵
ǲ̶һʮҪ׼ʱ̨ĻôڻҪȥѲ˵ȴˡ
Ȼ̶ܳҪǰǰ̽ȵһϵǰ׼ֽһңǫ̃ܿĵز
ʱ׼ٵңҲöھãһ̨ǰ׼ãɾҽԺ̾Ͳ
õģΣȥ׼
ȰѲ͸ңȻϹ14æһѾӳȥˡ
Σ14ɣ
ţ̶˵ͷ˵ˣΣȻԻѧúóһ٣Աлġ
°ɡԳԵĶûི̫ʱ򣬹òǵһλ
Ʋ˳ȥɫҽ˹ͨİĿеСڴ
ҪԺóԵ
粻ԷŶӿɻКGǲ֪֮󣬻᲻֡
101.11
ò׼0.43ﰡ
ҵ⡪
ˣҪص
ˣóԵȳ˵
Ϊ̶ƶûϣˣԺܳ䰲ǰĹ
ܳɺϴֻʿ̽Щ׼ú󣬲ϥؽڵλ޾ĤȰʵʵ
̶Ÿæʱ䣬ҵ˽˵ѲأһпҪõİԼᵽЩеûС
࣬һ£Ѳһһ̨еҪڶ֮󣬻ɴʲôǯ֮ġ
еĹؼеʱ׼áȡһҪǳ
Ҵ£ƽʱʱżеʿ̨ģ̵̷ǳѸ١
ǲҪô죬ҲҪ
ǹǿƵרƻʿ԰еʿˣѲеһҵĻʿΣǿƵרƻʿϾҪȽŽյϺá
Ųſܳɣĳ˵ܳɣʱ̨׼ѵ絶ЩһһλãҪ߰ģҪš
ܳɵͷû̫ţܵˣ̶ƺҪӽһЩ
ܳѲһȦָ׼ĶѾˣʱпƹǵڲ໡οڣʼڶĲ
Ϊ˷㶡ңCۻѾ޾ӣʱ׼ǰ㹤
׼һӦȫֻȶڵ
໤ǰһֻͰһСֻǶֻ˫Ŀضż໤ϵݱ仯˿⣡
żһҺٶȣⲹҺ̫죬ѪѹˣӰ쵽еҰ
ϸѪѹԼʦѧĸ߼ۡ
˵ƽڣ԰̨˵ѪѹݿѪѹ̶ȵؼٳѪʧѪͬʱŶӲ
㲻Ҹôޣ˸ѹ100/70mmHgҡ

ʮӺʱһʮߵʱ
̶һ߽䣬̶Ϊе㲻̫ԾȻȻкţؽڣ롣룬Ѿȫǰ׼ˡҪҪһ£û©֮
̶ƺɫš
ܳɺ˶һɻţӦǶôôͻȻðؽڣ
˭
ѲػʿȫսΪǶֻ֪ԺĽڻ̨ľһŲ֪ˡ
̶ΪٵǷǣȻҲûǽЩ顣
߽ңһCۻѾλֻһǰʵʱƽƬˣת˳ȥüˣΣǵ׼ѾüΪϸˡ
ټļ׼ֵǰ׼ˣȥϴ̨ɡ
ã̶Ҳ˵ʲôֻﰵ
ǵȻΪ˶׼ģֻǸսڲһҽȥܻǻô
⻰Ȼ˵
˽ţѲػʿİæ£ܿ촩޾¡
Ȼ˵һ£һǰڷĵƬûвһ˵ɡ
ǳԹģпʱĹ״̬ԺʱǰͲһ
̶ǵúϸºܵ
ȥC͸֮ʾϾʾ˹ۡ
ɹжιۣǰƽƬ޶
ѲػʿѾƵCۻҵıԵλÿ˳
Դؿ
ʲ̶ΣҾÿԿ̨ˣأԤĲࡣ
ǲ˷ʱ䡣
̶һ飬ܵʱ䰡ôڶûô
˷һ
̶ܳɡ
ܳɵ˵ͷǾͿ̨ɣΣ
ţܳɱ˶ǳУɵλ
еʿ˵㣬Բ
ɵˣ
̶ȴȻȻȻվȥһλã̶λһλá
࣬ܳԲ̶վ֮󣬼಻Ը
Ŷ˿𾪵ͷƤе飬Ȼ֪Ϊʲô̶κԺؽƺĬһ㣬Ҳóʲô۶ӡ
ܳõ˼⵶֮󣬷ǳһСεпڡ
ֻƵƤ£ת絶Բ̶˵ʦҡ
ôȥ
˿ãȻؿ˿㣬Ҳˡɵơ״̬µԼʦҲ֪¡
Сʣʦ𣿡
һ£Щ˫е㷢飬ҡҡͷ֪
̶ɧʵˣԼôˣȫΪܳС׼أ
ԺĲ֪˭ؽڶû˵ʲôȥƱƣǹǿڲ飬񣬲ùܵķ롣
ͲΪԼʦˣƲƲ죬ֹһ
ߣǶžΪ˸ǿСҽᣬ̶ôļӰ
ڿܳɲ뵽ؽǻ¶ɹѵĶʱ;൱𾪣Сӣе㶫
ҰǳˬͺʹֹѪһЧѪࡣпڵıԵҲûгֱ絶кĺۼ
ЩҽΪ˼Ѫõ絶ʱ򣬶տζˡ
ǽнζģһ磬Ͷģ᱾ĩпڱԵСѪܡ
յúõĻǿԴﵽܺõֹѪЧֱЩСѪܣںڵ˿ڻָġ
ҲˣǿùȥĿڹ̡
йϸ£ٶȿһ㲻ӣͱ¶˹ؽǻѡ
ſһ£ܳɾͶ˵
ݹȥ
˼⣬ٶȣɣ̣ʵСӣֵǰΪһˣһġ
С
ٶȲôþͰѿӿˣλѡҲΪġ
ûѡãϽָ͵ʱ򣬾ͻ鷳ǰ滹ƹǡ
˼ţּܳҪег񣺡ָ롭
ָǵ׳ƣҪ۶϶ˡ
ɹжιҪõ¡Ĺֱۣ¾ͿԿ۲λ˲ýָ
ָˣСһϴβϣҲһ̨ڶǸһԼԹܳɡ
ԭģǷˡ
ܳȰѽָŽ˹ǻǵ˹۵Ķ϶֮
ʦҹ̶¹λá¸λܳɽŶԲ̶Ըû
ǿˣȻý
ã
Ӻܳɰѽָ˹۵Ķ϶ˡ
Ҫе룬ŵ10ſʼȱ14š
10ź14ͺš
ʱ̶ע⵽ɫƺе㿪ʼ
ﲻЦһǺͶԼһʮ̨
Ϊ׼̨ǰ߰˸кԼơҵĺüˡ
˸ӣˡ
³ʱ
˵ʲô
˵»΢һ㣬Ǿˡ
˵ԼææģʱҲܶ࣬ϣܹ㡣
ͣڹһʵڲУͻҿ⽻̨ѧҲõġ
֪ãˣ
һƫܳ㣬ԼȻôݡ
Ѿΰ¡
˶Ƣġ
ûϽ࣬ʼеˡ
Ĳ迴Ƽ򵥣Ҫ̵ĺûҪ֪ʶһҪתȡ
ڶڹ̶ѵڸλͽָ۵Ķ϶ˡ
ֱӸʮһţܳѾ˳ˣҲ̶֮ǰšŶ佻Ҫúñ֣ܳȻóٰٷ֮ʮŵŵ״̬
໹ǧ֮һ״̬ûӳ
¶Ĺַλڱպϸλϣ֮ǰλ϶ѾλɹˣǻţǽָǸ˶ܲ۵Ķ϶ˡ
ܳɵķԸ
ʮţ
ڶ11ţܳɷԸ
ڶͺѡҪ΢СһŻ߰š
׼˳־Ͳڶݸܳɡ
ܳɽӹϾ˳ŵǻ͡
ʱʱܹʮңܳȴѾٰٷ֮ʮ
Ѿû״̬˼·ˣͷЩ΢ϸڽΣⲻҪ͸һֱڶ
Ƕڵ¼ҽڸŶڻ졣Ŀǰı鵢ˣһˡ
ǷǳģЦбҪ
ɶڷԸֻһˣ˺󣬾ͺͲ̶˵Щ飬ԼͶڵʱ䲻̫֮࣬е顭
ڣ
˵˻СʱҵڹƳˡ
ɰȣ
ڵҵʱ򣬹ƾֻܿĸCƽƬˣȻֻ΢ϵʱ䡣
ﰵʲô
ɹǹڶڹ̶һʱһСʱСʱ֮䰡̶ΪӭӶڵĵǰ׼ǰȹҲô˵ҪһСʱİ
ʱɹؼ֡
ԤĴλʱ䣬ǰСʱʱ㣬նڵĹƣܳڸλͽָŵĹ̡
ܳɴ˿ȴѾȫ״̬Ϊƿߣ⻰
ʣ͸ӣ𣿡
ҸոѾõȷԶڹǻڣкǿĵִУ϶ڹɹǣܴȥģ
ڶ͸ӣ⣬Ҳֲ
ʱ׻ܳɣ죬һֶ˵
ܳɽе
ƺٴҽѧǽģ˵Ϊ͸Ӿǵ
ѲʦCۻչɹλˣܳɲ£ʵ̶֪Ͷ֮䷢ʲô
ǣܳƿߣĽ࣬Ȼƿأɣҳɵɺ͵㡣
Ҹش𣬲ܻش취Ҵ𰸣д𰸵ģˣеס
һӺ
ٴγҡ
λƽƬһɫͱˡ
ܳɨһۣ½ҡ
Σ̶ǰ䡣
ţ׼ҲҵĲ̶ͣ˲ӡ
̶Ҫ飺Ǹڻûء
̣ǲߵ̫˰
̶ڵµ̣ЦĿⲻ䣬˵
ûϵؽڿȫҲһġ
ΪǲܹΪƵĽ̡
˵̶߽꣬ҡ
׻
̶⻰ôôϤ
ŶԼ³ʱ򣬾ǶԲ̶Щ
ʱԼıΪܹǰͲ̶ͨǵסԺҽʦ̫ˣ͸Ͻǫ̈ȳ
ڣ
ٴνȥʱܳɺͲ̶ѾϺ˸Ҳڶ̶ݶĹʽʼɹǽ˵Ĺ̶ݶˡ
ܹţΪλúá
ԲѶʱ䣬ŴɹԶ˵Ĺ̶ݶ
ʮӺ͸ӽ
ƽƬĻ
ܳɺͲ̶ڶβñšȥȫ˵ľ״̬еɵ
ܳɻʮ̶˵ʦϰɣҼ߰ɡ
Ѳʦ׼޾ϡ
ʦ

ʮ֣ǿ˰ҽԺĵͣ˸ͣλѳͣú
ȻҴææһ߿ʱ䣬һͨҵķϣ
ûãӦûܸˡһĹؼ֡
ڵݼ䣬һˣǽڣƨڵϣ滹мϡϡͷ
תͷһ
һ㶣㲻ȥңأ
Уʲôʱʼˣ
̧ͷ˾ջŸ˶һȿ޻ҪѿЦݣѵЦһ£ƫͷȥ·ʮֻӡ
һ˫һ



һ ɱ˿ԣĲУ
ֵȷǾΪ֣أ
ϻһѵ̵٣ʲôʱҲʼˣԼȻ֪£
ֵ󣬾ֳǽѱգǳӵ˵ʦˣ
˵˵ô£أϻôͷ
ģΪڣĳ治٣Ȼ죬ҲûͻƵĵ¡
һ߿˿ʱ䣬ⶼʮҲʮӵӡ
ΪԾʣȡˣ
һȻѸ̺кͻһԵͰ֮˵ûУʦˡȥתˣҾ͸պ͸һ
ͷӵŵһʱĽ
ƣ(s_Ѩt)
ֵͣ
˴ӣֿ˿ٶ䣬Ȼ˰˶ȣո˵ʲô
һ߿ֱһ̧ͷ
һҪǸ˵Ҫ㣡
һ̨ڶڹ̶ʮʱ䣬˵ˣ
ǿǻɣ
Ҳ֪û롣
Ԥ϶ⷴӦʵˣֻӲͷƤ˵ˣʦ
ۿģҽҿʼƤҳ޾ϰọ̈̄ȫ
ȫܳһ̶ǰC͸һΣ͸һΣ͸һΣ
ֶʱüͷ(^^g
⡫ֳ͸˼󣬵ʱʮΡ
˼˵ȥ˲̶Ҫڶڹ̶ľ飬ȻΪһᣬԲ˽̶ŵ̨Լֻǳٵһûˣ
ûÿˣ
ҲԼڲ̶ǰŵĺݻǷ˸į
ԼͻûҵʱѾˡ
ọ̈̄㶼ڲ¼𣿡ֱһ˿ʡ
֮ǰ̶˵ҪԼ¼ŵġ
ҡͷû￴¼豸ûеġҽԺҺǹǿƵĽѧң̫ܲһ
ֶʱʮֵۣ⵽ֵһ
Ŷּʣ̶û˼΢һôżæŵذﰡ
û˵Ҿͻᵽ𣿡
̶⵽ǹǰĻôģֳԲ׼
̶϶֪Լģ£̶ǰĻǲ̶ʲô˼
ԣȫһ£źϲض˽ʮ롣
ƤƤ΢ҲһӲš
ʦܹң֮󣬶Բ˵˾䣬ȻҪӿ̣ʱʵرԣ
ϣεָͷĵɶڣҾûд߲ԽԽ˼
΢΢ţ̱þ
Ŷ
ţ
ôĽҲ֮һ
˶˽ӣֲεʼ򣺡ǰC͸ƽƬûУ𣿡
̴ƨɿڴͳֻˣʦǰC͸ӵĽ
С͸ӽ
һֿʵùͣȻ֪У
ûڷƸ飬ֻзֱΪģCʾͼԶ˵Ѿÿˡ
۵ͣλķʹŵľ룬ͨʳţȻϸضƽƬ˿
˵Ĺ۵ĲλƽƬһĿȻ
ΪвֹƤʵȱ
ǣ
ȱλ֮Ĺ۶ԺϣϽݣÿߵĶԺˣ
һ̨
Լ֮ǰǸ󸴲ĽƽƬǳƣȫͬϾֲһ
ϧֻû
ۿˣⲻǲ̶ģϵĹҽ־ϵˡ
ʵ۲ۺϲûϵ
ԼƫƫҪ̨ʱͻᳬһСʱΪʲôҪĨ棬ͱеȥǸʲô᳡һ
ݰ
㱣֤ؼʱ͵㱣֤ɶ
á
ҵȻôش
֪룬Ϊ飬ۼΪʵ
ַǳ֣صصͷ˵ţ̣ȫ̲룬ȷǲε¼ҽ
ǣ
Ÿ˵ţݵŴˡ
߳˸̶վ˺󣬾ϵؽڣ˵ȥˣԭµ˰
һ˵߾ͻ˶֡
΢£ϴӿ㶵ͳ̣˫ֵݸ˶֣˵ڣˡ
߽ǴŵѶеĸճ̵Ϣ㶣Цָɢһؽڣԭǳ̵İ
⻰ǲ̶˵ģ֮ǰɢʱԼΪɾܾˡ
ڳˣ

̲Ÿӣλţӻǲӣ
ԥ£ӲͷƤӹˣȻڴԼհѴָӵˡ
ֵ֮󣬾ݸԻΡ
ȻԲ̶Ϊεؽ˵Σұһ鵢ˣΪüģֻû뵽ô졣
ⶼҰ
Ǻε˼֮ˣȻǲ˲̶ǲġ
ԾڿͷϵǸ
̶ȴΪ˵ڣõǸң֪ʱ£Ҫ֪ĻҾƳһЩˡҿǲˡ
ڣؽڣҪǵȻ߳Ա˵
Ҷ˸ᣬ˱һݣؽںͶڶλרһˡɲöλڿŶӻȥȻ¡
֪ͬˣǿҪġ
ҽҵĻʿԼǿƵҽѾ򳵹ȥˣרؽںͶǵġ
̶ֻӵΪֲˡ
ͶλƽҲãϿҲãϯ˿Ҳ˫Ϊ̡
֧֧˵Ͳ˰ɣ
̶һࣿɱȵ£ԶŻҪˣ
Ǿôˣ
ȫ̴˸ͣߴҪ㡪

˲Ÿϵ³⣬ҵ֣
ٲҪҲȥò̶ԲȵģͬڻϿ
̶һˣؽڣⲻǹҪͬǣ˵Ҳ̶
ûʲôþƺòˣһڡʤڻЩźͿȥɣڣؽڣ롣
λöˡ
̶·
˿֣ǿ˿
߰ɣǶ
̶Ϊ֮Ѿȫˣ㲻㲻ӣñ˲ˡ
òóٷ߲ڳٷȡԼɵʲô顣
п࣬ҲֻԼˡ
̶ԤԼˣԤԼʱ׼ȫԼû
ֲá

̶ųȻǳȻظֺ·˵ڣźˣʱڵ㰡ܶ˶¶Ӫ
ʱ̫ˣЩ
Ҫȥĵط⸽һũׯԺĲƷȻȲģʤԭȫζζһռҺӣܵ߾졭
£һĺõط
ֺ˶һ·еձ
̶һҲÿԼ˳ˣ˶ֺһ̨£ڣؽڣһؽڵ⣬Խ΢Щ
ѧϾֻǸס࣬ؽǸڣҸתؽڵ˼е㺦£š
΢ӿ˵ࡣ
˽С
Ȼúõھϣλںúõǡ
Ͼᣬܹл̫λĵطҪжλڶЯָһǰ
̶ڿͷðʱѾˬˣ˿ٿһѿı飬ͱˡ
ɱ˲ͷأҲ̫ڹ֡
ңɱ˿ԣĲУ
һֱȻ̶һֱˬľƾֽԺ󻹿ɶںΡ
ҶʡڴȦӵģ̧ͷͷʵԼˬ֮󣬻Ҫһ̨¡
Ȼʹ˺Ͷؽֽ֮Ƕ԰ҽԺԲ̶ûκκô
Բ̶ذöںؽڸȤܳɣƸλǿ϶кܶҪʡ
ֲŽ˻˵Σɲ˵ָʲôġ
ĶʣϣܹڳԷʱһġ
ΣǴ˸ѧ
һѧпжĴ𣿡ֲɫһ䡣
ɾһ䣬ֱò̶Ļһͬʱ֫һ£
ŵɲˣһµطƾҵĺ
Ȼоٶȹ֮󣬲̶һͽŲɲϣֱӰѲ
ò̶˶˳Źǰһ£ײ粣ǰλ
̶ϼɫȴһ仯
ﵱ˿
˸Ŷ֣
TM˰ɣ
ԼʳԴҪ
˲𰡣
ʿʦ˲𰡣
ʿʦе˲
ٰҽԺûС
ɶƥ
̫
ɱ˿ԣĲа
̶֧֧᣺Ҳ̫



һһ ѧ
̶Ӳ˵׵úܣܳܲ뿼жֻǰһֱûѡ
ܳᣬôѡ
֣ǿԸֻܳѡ֮һ
̶Ŷ֡
ƥռԼǲʿʦҫ㲻֮ټӲ١
Ȼʼ㣺ԼҲ˶ʿоʦ𶡳첻㡣
ȻԼҲռƵģǾǿԸָ˵
ܳԺӶְоѧ⣬ͬʱǶֲܸġ
־ԲܸܳҪϴѧҽԺĹᣬΪܳҪҽԺĹڱơ
ΪϴѧҽԺƸһ϶ǶģǲʿҪ
㶡ô˵컨׹ڸܳɱȽϺõĹᡣһΣԼƫƫͿԽҽԺҪһסԺҽķڣܳŪʽְȥܳҪơ
Ǯ
ҽܳȥо壬ѧ֮⣬ǳҪһҲΪҸõĹѡ
Ȼһжֻǲ̶Լĵļƽϣܳɻôѡܳ
ԼܶסֵĿڣҲЮֲסܳɺͶֻɣܳ˵ЩʲôȻֻܰԼܹܳɵܳԼΪο

ֱ㲻˵ˣ˵ס
ףڲ̶ֻܳǸҽĸֵʱӡ
ϣ붡ͬ˶ֵĻҲһ
ﰵ룬⼸ĺðյ߮Ų˵ھܳһš
ԼŶֵûдġ
ÿŶӵķչҪһڣܹڵģӭ֮⣬Ҫ˲š

ܿ죬̶ͿȫΪ԰˽ͣһ³һʪˬȻ
ζûϴѧҽԺٽ潭ЮˮζͲݵصϢƢ
԰ϼӺӵıϣ¶Թ۾ɼ߶ŲñӸϣԶɼźˮ𣬺հƶ׺
ˮĿˮƶʧΪļ÷ׯ
ͣ󣬲̶붡԰ߣ԰ӲûмԹִ׺ԶûУֲֻİڽݵԣմǴҰݡ
Ұݲвϵĳ
ֺܿͰ֮ǰΪеź
ׯӵĴһԷ¶ĿʱѾĸˣȻܳɡ㡢ĸˡ
ֻ˵˵ЦЦܳЦţżŲһ죬඼Ͱ˵
λǰõģҲ˲̶࣬͵ڣ˺ҵһЩûҪģ
ơѼϽǱȽƼġ
ֲϤֻһһ˵ͺˣǿ㡣
˼̶Ŷں߽ҲǷ׷׵վλ˿ò̶λá
ЦźͶڶ˸кԱ˼š
̶ͽܣڣؽڣƵΣΣǽ̨ѧݻġ
λҵѧܳɡ
λŲ̊ĵ֣ࡣǹǿƵרʿ̶ʱΪǳܳɾֻһ֡
඼˵ңֱԶں˵̶˵
̶ȻŸٴ֣صؽ˶ֶ׺ʶһȦ
̶ŰѶֺλʹλʵõĹ۾λѡ˶ֱֵߣȻԼֱߣܳԼֱߣͰ˳򡭡
֮󣬲̶Ͳͷ˵찡λˣر˶ںؽˣԶ
д֮λںشƫƧǰǾƧ֮أڲͺá
ֺ⻰ĵһӦǣ̶죬˲֣
der
ֻе㲻ŲŲƨɣҲԵͷѻ˳ȥΣ⻰ˡȫϵֵһٳģġ
ҪǰٺãȻСֵҪ뷨СĿǻ״Ρ
ȻЦҲΪò̶Ҫ˵Ͷһ磬ŪôҶΣһˡ
ﰵ˸ĴָˣרҵΪ˴˵ϣѾΪһڸеˡ
ǰΣ̨ľҽκѧԼҵĻʿСˡ
ҺСֻǿϷģûסص㰡ȻԷһǡ
̶Ȼ̰ѻӹȥúúãڶô˵ˡҵȻȻԷһ
ſܳɣСܣȻɵúúöྴںؽơлһ¶ںؽ˲ǡ
֮ǰ͸㽲ڿɲ˭ԸĦָġ
ԶҪסλڵĺòǣ
̶⻰ͻȻһе㵰۵ͬʱȻеͨ
̶ˮƽҲ̫˰ɣ
ŽֳٵˣУȴǰ¸˹ȥôҲǸһ˵
ֻܳһסԺҽʦΪʡΪĽڣԸһˣѾСס档ڳٵ飿
˶ֻδԸ⵽
ܳɾ͸Ͻվ˵ллںؽڲ࣬ҲллʦҰôһѧϰĻᡣ
ܳɵĳƺò̶ĸ泩
һԺϲ˽ʦ󲿷ֵβԸⱻ˽ΣΪǺٱʦԲϲס
̶ϲܳһ䶡ںؽڣʦ
ںβ֮ͬһڴ̣һֻٴİˬɫ
Ȼ̶Ų̋˶
Ϸ͸ĻˣѾˬͷƤ⵽ˣҪˬǾǹͷˡ
Ѿոպá
ȻҪ黹ܳɱһ̨ı⣬źøȡ㶫ֻΪʲô֮
ֱϿʼܳɿʼ죬ϸСʼȻĵǿƣĵĵЩרҵ⡪
ֱһ̡
ĴƤ΢е㷢飬鵽΢еĵز
üһƺʲô˽һ̨ʱӵǲ̶Ϊ˸ӵĲˣרŰѶҽԺġ
仰˵ҲǶΪ˸㶨̶㲻ĲֺҲΪ˵Ľѧ
ǣΪܳɶ
ԼйȫΪܳݻ
Ҳǲ̶ܳҵ֣һеһУȻΪһССסҽ𡭡
С˰ĶԣС˵ǿƵСҽš
Ȼɵ㿴˵ĶҲ³˸߰˰ˡ
ɵö࿴ܳɼۣЩ
ǿƵСҽ൹˵ĵ㣬飬ĥˣҲǻȥѽ
ɸղô룬ִ
Ϊڶܳһ֮ܳɾͻȻһ֮ǰ
ԼԼʦദʱֵ͵֮磬ʼؽ
ڱǣڣҽҪģҸ˵뷨в֮붡½ָ
Ҹ˵Ұ۵ƣǸôĶԭʼ֡
ǡ
ҶԹɹǹۣڶڹ̶ڹ̶ֵ⣬ġ
ڹ̶ĹС
ãԼۿܳôһ̨ۿ˿̵ܳɣĵŶֵ棬˵ظ̸ǾԲԸţϡ
һסҽյŽڵ棬жܹ˵ףǸҷԣһҳƪۡ
˭
ûٶȣҲûǰ֪Լʦһǩ
Ŀǰʡ˹רƣִţߡ
ִţǻеһʣ
ִܹţˣֻе
ңƫƫżżɣżͻȻ˺ƽͻȻ滺ֻȻȻѭ
һֱüͷͶͷʮֽţϸȫֱͬ֡
ٿǿƵĲ̶
̶ֲϵЦ𽥱üӲǸţٵ棬е㾪֣·ԼѾһġ
ͷװ

ܳ˵߰˷ӣʮְɫ졣
󣬶ͻȻҵ˷йһأתԼͷ̶
ʣΣСҽѧ
ζ˼ǣѧ̵úð̵Լ֪Щʲôˣ
̶죬ΪεطСѧһ꼶ѧϰƴĵһĸĵڣ
ƽ
ʲô
ƽ


ô㰡



һ ǲ뺦ң
ڲ̶б棬ɫƳȣúЦ
̶
ŶӦܳɣе˼İ
ǰ̶ʱʡҽҽԺӻæһĪչʱ
ܳںʵʱվ˳æ˵
ֽڶΪܳСס࣬һˡ
ƺǶҲã̶ҲգһǽڣһΣΪԼܳѾΪ˽ӡ
ܳСס࣬ȴһһˢǶܳɵ֪
ɲֳô
һ˱ÿȣ̶һ
̶ֶܳɸոսʮ𾪣ֶɲ̶ܳʦ¡ƶΪ̶̲ѧ
Աдһʡ
Ӳ̶˿̵α飬̶֪˿Ҳ֪λظ
ʵ̶ģҲ֪οڲʡ
ϾǹǿרƵˣֻǾøոܳⷬúе
徫ںδ
ȴû취ȥˡ
ᣬȻøô졣
ܳɿ̶˿̲֪λػ֮󣬱ذѻ˹ȥڣʦסĴʦ
Ķչˣضؽ̻塣
һֱǸжĵģ
ܳȻҪʵ˲̶Ǵʦ˵ȻĻѧ޸Դ˵ͨ
Լ˲̶꣬ⶼоݿɲġ
̶˵Լô飬ٴδ̹Ȼǲˡ
һʦһʦܳԼԲʲôġ
ң̶Ѿ˸Ĺ֮ۡǰԼʲôܳбǾǡˡ洫ˡ
ܳԼϣԲ̶л־Ͳٶ˵ʲôˡ
ֻǴ΢Ц⿴ܳɣĿ֮޵شһ֣С˵ѵı顣
̶ɴһؿԼŹ˵ڣ˵ܳǸ꣬Ҳֻϵʦͽ֡
ǿԼ츳Ŭ
̶˵⻰ʱĽţһط
ƺҲԼ֮ǰĴͰţԼ׼õضԶֽ͵˵ǣڶòˡ
ΪܳС̫ΣˣǳпͻȻؾͷųһףըͷۻһ졣
̶ˮƽ˵ܸߣҲܴܽΣĸϵͳԵ۷治㣬ĲϣѾ˶ʮࡣ
ǳ̵ʶˣԼĿǰһƿڡ
ҪͻƣҪһǳ΢
ҲǿĻۣƿ
ϵͳһۣǷǳõġ
һҽˮƽޣĶҽˮƽޡ
û취ûȥø֪ʱ
ô
޳㵱ǰƿʱͲȻȻصһ硣
̶ĿǰʹôһƿڣƿƿҪӴ֧֡
ܳأ
Ҳᡣ
͸ո붡ֱֵߵʱ򣬲̶Ȼ֣ܳ˵ĶԼδʶġ˵һЩǵԼǰһġ
Ҳ˵ܳɸո˵ڶʱǴµӽ
Լϵӽȥ
ʲôд¿
ͺñ˵ܳվ˶ʮһ㡣
֪ʮ㣬߶Ƕ٣ʮ¥Ǹʲôӣװ޷ô¥ںδӶʮ¥⿴ӽǺòãǲǿԱȶʮ¥øԶ
ҪӶʮ¥ʱҪעһЩʲô¥¥ﻹЩʲôϰ
Ͽֻʮ¥
ֻܿʮ¥µķ羰
Ƕڵڶʮ¥ûۼֻǾʮŲôÿԶʮ¥ҲӦúܺÿӡҸʮ¥װ޷¥ݣȥƲʮ¥Ǹʲôӡ
Ʋ⡪
ʵʵؿˣ߹ġ
Ȼأֿܾվ˶ʮĲ¥
λ棬̶ټԼܳɵʦ˵һڶһʮ¥ϸ⣬Լûشܳɻشˡ
˵㲻ɡ
ֱƵۡ
ֲ÷ЦЦٴο̶ʣΣ
ظʲ̶õȷԴ𰸡
Ϊ̶ҧܳɾѧţ൱ڴӲ̶¶ˡ
˵棬ǹǿƵˣ̶û
̶ֻҪǷ˵иǹǿƽڵ˸֤ЩǰҽԺԺˡǶְܳɺˣҲ˵ġ
̶˿Ȼ׶ֵ⣬ıȻֻܼҧͷڣСܵѧϰǷǳǿġ
̶Ȼķ·ڸ⣬ҲֻܴݺѪ̣
ؿŶְܳɸߡ
ܳȶأǷȫˡ
Ŀ΢ڶ̶֮תԼ˿ٲڽһڻһ£̶Ҫֱӳˣûлͷ·ˡ
̶ϾǰҽԺˣ㶡ʡ֪ĽڣҲò̶۸
ܳɣЦǺǵ
ܳɣ㻹ɵŸԲƵغúþһ
׻
ש̬ҪϿң
˼ϣôÿָ㣿
ʵҲ֪ԼôԲԣʱܳɲһţٿ԰ѻⶫ
ò̶лϢʱӦԣ
ܳǲ̶ˣʱǡ
ܹIII㲻ú벻ãܹIIỊǾ൱֮ˡ
֪һ仰ֱӸոպõز˶ֵһߣҲȵûأеʹ֡
΢еҵЩʲôʱ
ܳѾվˮ˵ڣС£εѡ
ȻûҲûƣұˮƣһ
붡ڶӸ
΢΢֮һ
̬ȸϿҡ
ңΪ˱ʾԼ̵˼ںˮ֮ܳҲվûȥ
ϾԼģ⸱еõȼڶڹ̶ģ⸱ʵʵʵĶڣȫҲһţ
̬ȳϿЩģҲԼʶʶڵĽѧǳ
һԵϽӣ׼ϴڵ˽
ոܳɾͽΪʣָֿ˽
ǲɶõѧϰᡣ
ִ˿һζһ£ձһ㣬ע⵽ĽŵĶĻԿƤЬʮֺץŵء
Ϊַǳ
ѧʵڲڵͷûôҪ
ǵÿÿ˶ÿһȼǷһ׼ΪϵͳԲ˵
ʵÿһ˵֪ʶ棬Աһź
֪ʶдС֮֡
ϵĴ̣Ǵÿһĵ֪ʶоȡ
ͺñȣȻʡҽʡȫΪ֪ĽڣʵһЩʵо棬ȲԼĲʿо
˺С֮ͬ⣬͹Ĵ̳̣Ҳǲͬ
ִ˿̵ĺ壬Ҳ֪ʶʮ׳ĴҲΪ
ҪܳɵɱĻ׾ٵֱӰܳ
Ҫܳɱһ̣ܳǸ̵Ļ
̵ֻɱ
ֻʮġ
ֺео
Լ̣δرܳɸӳûô˵û̫Ҫһָ̽㣬ΪΪ֮¡
ֵӿʼתƺŬػܳɸոݣȻһͻƵôЩʲô
ǿֹǶøӼЩ
ֶҪϸϸ֯һµĿΣձȻջ顣
˶ġ
밲Ҳ΢˶䣬ȻǹǿƵĽڣѧƵģҵɽͬһ
;ͬ飬һЩ˼·һЩһЩ˼ͿķʽȴȻ;ͬ顣
ĿǰȽеĶѧƽ棬໥ڡ˵ǿƵжƾһôûУǿƵκ֪ʶƶòġ
һƫϸضԼѧ˵ּĽڣϵĿһš
ֻҪҪ嶡ڵ˼·ҪעϸڣҪϸڴĽǶȺͲһӽЩ
̶˿̲ɴһ̱Ŀ΢еͣʮźš
ܳɣϷ򣬱סˣ
ǱıܳɷǳпҪֶߵֱ
ԼԿ˵ˣֻܳϵʦͽ֣ܳѧȫԼԡ
ȻûʦͽʵǾͲʲôѧЩ˵ˡ
Щ˵Ƕֻ
Ǿǿ϶ģ֣ųأ
˵ʱ䣬ʰ֮󣬲̶ҲѸмĿͶ㣬˼ǶлΧ
ܳȻסˣûб̿򣬺ôԼʹһЩ
ȻעģԼܵ࣬ǿܵࡣ
ܳɵ̬ȻϿңϾ
˼ʱ򣬶ҵһ㡣
Ȼʼһ仰׵壺ҽֻһԼ뷨
Ѿûܳɵ˺¼ǵͬͬУܳûְƣػΪϿҵغһܽڵġ
ĿǰڶҵķչʵѾһƿڣ磬ڹۺʹƷʽķչ棬ĿǰҲѾƽ
ڶƼʵѾһĲΡ΢
Ҿã뵥ڴ˺͹۷棬Ҫٶ¶ֻǰĿǰѾе΢΢ҪӾտ΢ټ͸Ӿϸ֧֡
ҪҸܴڵķչĻôԽ΢ơ
һϯ΢е⡣
־ȻڶܳɵĻʲôֱ˳ܳɵĻδչϵָ㣡
úڰ壬ص㡪
ָ㣬ȻĳЩ棬ĳЩʱԻ
ǣָıָһ㣬ǴҲδĹ滮ѧƵͻЩ
ֻǺܻģӶ˸ӵĻ
һƾԼ֪ʶ֪߶ȣһķչ滮
Ҳָ㰡ָëָ㣬˵ǲǣ
˵ǲǣ
G
˲еˣĻͷǳõػҵΣ뵽̶ѭС
Ȼ󶡳ּ˵ӣ̵Ĵǰطչܽ΢ƵķչǰͨʵĿǰ΢еķչ״ԼԼһѧƵ⡣
ò˵ֽǺˮƽġ
һлڿ͹ֻۣ΢߳͹һ㡣
͹ʵѾڵļȶʵ΢߳һԼ⣬Ժܺõذ뵽֪ʶȥ
󣬶ֵҾãڶķչߣջ΢һ򣬹һȥġ
Ͼ΢ۣʹƷչһҲǻߵ׷󡣡
֮ģ˽֮½ˡ
ֺòװ꣬˽Եػظ
ܳĸص˵ͷⶡֵ۽ȼ֮ԼԴѧƷչǰɣΪġ
Ұܳɻ̫ࡣ
ӶֵĲУܳٻ˺üԸĽĿǰ΢۵ķ
Ȼѣ٣ֿܳԶĿǰȼСпڹڹ̶޸ˡ
ɴеȼ¶
һܲϵ߾ı֮·
ܳҵһԳ̸ջķĽ
⻹Ͻһ£ʱ
ƾԱϲˣܳɾ͹ضԶڻصڽúеǳرǸոնᵽģ΢򡣡
Ƿǳǰصѧơ
˵ֹֻƽ̨III͹ۣǹ۲ãҾǿ϶ԿʽеĹۣԳؽСп΢ʵڹ̶Ƶġ
ͺñȡ
Բۣ
ܳ⻰ʱ򣬵ʱͷƤˡ
ֻǸ㽲һ£ڶɷչķ򣬰Ŀǰѧǰأȫֻһᷨ΢ƵǸߴϵĶѣ
Ҫо
ܲܲҪôأ
֮ǰ˵ʵһ仰ȫ͵

²ѧ
Ϊѧ漰㷺ڸߴϵҶһ붮
ҪϸĵĻǻҪôİ
Ҫô
УøϽС
룬̶ȥŪƱ뿪ƺС
ֱϽܳɵĻҽҿҶæãﶼտˣҪǱ߳Ա˵
˼ǣǱ˰ɣӶÿ
ѧƣѿ׶Σġ
ܳ˵𣬵ͻȻϣҲ֪ڶԼĽͬûȤġ
ܳɱǸЦЦ˵õģڣǾȳԷɡ
ȥ̶æ
ֶܳҡҡͷﰵжܳɿһᡢðñӡ
ʵ츳һ£̰ð̨׾ϡ
ûͷԼվλãǲõġ
Ҳ⣬ʱûûоϵͳԵĽѧһҰ˵ĸоҵشܣ̫ء
ڷչȥһ߮簡
һ߮磬Ǳ߮ѶԸˣͷ۰
ܳɰæ̶࿪ʼ޾ˮ㲻ֺҲ㲻ˣ̶ԼΪ̰һӣ˰һںϣ˶صһ󱭡
ƵСȻˡ
ƺòõƷͬţǾˮڴֻζѡ
ǳֹٻζƷζ

Ʋ˻δ̶Ⱦһ˶һһС߽űˡ
Ȼ̶˵ܳɣϽȥںؽ˾ƣλΪǡ
̶˿Ѿʲôнϵ
ٲ붡ֶˣ
ܳȾֺ֣Ǻǵһ
Ȼܳȥͬʱ̶ҲͶһ
ܳɱ棬Ⱥ꣬Ǳ̶߲ͶֲžƱ
ܳɺ꣬͵ؽڣˣллһˡ
һ¾Ʊ˵С⻰ˣ˵ֻǹпоʿ뷨
еĻھɵúͶڶߣ
˵ʱȻͱһ
ۣ
У
ȻίãȻؿŶ֣ȴ֣Ҳͬɫӵؿ˵ո˵Щʲô
ܳɵѧɱң



һ ˫һ
ί޹ؿŶ֡
ͣôңûɣ
ոڳϵʱ㲻ǻδô
ô˵ԣ˵
ҡ
Ƕ֣
ֲŮġ

ľõԼһ£еۡ
չɫĸѧôȲգôɫȥˣ
ҪܳɵѧģҲԼȥ˵
ĲǸϽԲ̶Ǹ˼˼ΣոɤӲ̫̳ܳˡ
Բ𣬰Ҳˣһȥϴһ°ɣ
ǸΣΣȺųŰҺؽһȥϴּ䡣
̶ѾƱϣ˵ؽڣû°ɣ
תͷԱë
;ͣ
ȥϴּ䡣

˲
ֺ˸԰΢һ£Ȼ󶡳ֲѹڶ˵ոͻȻʲô裿
Ȼһ£ͷ壺
ҷ裿
ڵڣոڳϲ˵
һǸֲϵľա
죬˷۵ڳڳϣд⣬֪ܲԼ˵Ҫ˵𣿡
ȻǧҪˡ
ԼָеκˣƱֶ˰ããıѩеĪ
ڣǣ
ԥ˴ӣԼбҪһ¶֣
ܳɵģ츳İ
ڣʱڣҿ
νڰҽԺĻ
е㱩˰˲ţӦö˶ʿʿ;
˵Сˡ
Ϊߴ󽫣ȻϣֵŶԽǿȻԼڵƽ̨Խȹ̡
֮ǰϾȱϯܳɵǿ;˵û취۸ڶĶŷ
ԸʶΪܳҪһᡣ
˼һҸո·˽´ˡ
ܳǰоԶʧˡСܻһԼѧϤѧϰ뷨ġ

ֵƤǶ˶
ͻȻеҡ
ֽŵʱһ顣
æתͷ˵ոǽ֮ǰСбоǰɣ
ͷ
ּ׷ʣн𣿡
ͷУнԣ˸ԡ
һǶҽԺһҽԺκϴѧҽԺϵͳ
Ǻϴѧ
ֻ΢һ£ҵǹǿƶĶǧʢΣǧʢͬ䣬ʦܣƽ֪ЩϢϸڣҲûʡ
ҡֶʱһ͡
ɫһƱеʧķӡ
е㵣𶡳֣˵ʦȻ֪С֮ǰοоĸԶûǲ̫ϳǣ
ǼȻѾˣȫԣ
ֵ𣺡Ըƨ
֪ƨֵͳذһ󣬵
ﰵһ࣬궿ˡ
궿ˡ
ִˣִˡ
ּ
ôܿζûأ
ôأ
Ҫİ
ʦڶֵǰ
û°ɣǲе㲻
Ҫȥ˵һǰȥ
ߣھʹ绰һ£ý춡ֵ״̬ã
ֱִ˼֮
һ̱ǵζûζˡ
ŸϽʱӣߣȻȻתͷ˺һ
ߡ
˵ҲоüˣܳɣԸ𣿡
Ŀ峺ֿ
е⣬΢΢˹΢Ļȣе㲻˼˵
ڣе㲻ʰɣͬ⣬ǿ϶Ҳֲҵѽ
ʵԼһĺõѧġеڴؿ򶡳֡
ﲹ䣬ͺñ߮ġ
ôػʱ򣬶ֳסԼĶͷ
Ȼļһﲻ
ո֮ôһʣΪ̽ڵĵףǲԼ
ѾõȷĻشˡ
Ĳ֪ǳΪ߮ѧôô
Լ߮ʱ򣬾Ŀ
ǣ˿Ǿÿġ
ʵں߮ദʱֱǼ尾
߮Ϊʲôѧ˵֮һǾѧҽû˼ˡ
ܳɿ±߮绹ҪʱըЩ㻹뵱ʦ
ֲ֪ô˵ˡ
ǲ֪ηˡ
֪ҿЦġеʧЦЦҲû浱£ܳɵѧ£ҲͿһˡ
ٴͷ
̾һҡͷԵرٴӷȥˡ
ڿЦֻ˵ʵ
ɫѾָ糣Ȼոնֺ˸ЦʵҲͰǼµЦġ

ߵĹУǷǳ;ġ
ԭӵġ
Ȼûܳɵͨոܳɵ죬öȷһ顣
ܳʵۣǷǳǳʵġ
ڵܳɣֻǿᣬǵڶ߮磬˵߮ǵڶܳɡ
ڿͲܳɵһ죬ɳԾͬǵǰʡڴԼһƬء
κ赲˵ģʵлƽ̨ˡ
ԺܳڹǿƵͬǰվ
϶һᱻע⵽Ǿܳɵѧ⡣
ڴ֮ǰͻᱻܶ˹ע¡
ʡ
ҽΪʲôǸѽûȥж
ʱ
ϴѧһڶҽԺҲãǺϴѧĸҽԺҲã϶ҵСһѣ
Ŷ
ԭ㲻룬㲻öоҲöʿ
ܳɾȻûʸ뵽оˣ
ǿ϶ϴѧҽԺоѧңĩ
Եóۡ
ϴѧһҽԺҽԺĸҽԺ
Ǹ˲ţ˵úӢۣ˲Ÿ߰˶
ܳôýȥ
ȻоЩˣܳǰ
ԻΪ˿ڵ̸֮һ
ܳɲ밡ǲð
ſ궼ʧˣ
ʱˣ
ô궼ûأ
ô궼ûأ
Ȼ˵ΪƽĴͿֻи߿ǰ˵
Ҳֻڰתİ
ϾȫˣʱܳɵѧͼԻΪһεըͲ֪ըˡ
ܳɣ
ƣ
ôо˸Իģ
ǲǺϴѧ˭ʲô˽˳ԹԹôüŶ
úúõ취¸ܵУըײòȰĻը˵Ρ
ǳŻûܳйע֮ǰƽá
ƵĽʽԲǰԼƵܳɵʦȥ
ֿɲٶڹ

»ص˾Ϻ󣬲̶վʻڣؽڣû°ɣ
ǲС˵˻£д֮
ȴСܸλǡ
Ҳ̧ͷ˶֣ܳվӵĺ棬Ϊֺ̧ӡ
Ҷˣؿ˺ˡ
Ϊܳɵ֣öֵ˾Ƶġ
϶Ƕ뷨ܳΪѧ
˵ûû£Ҹոտһ£ˡСûһϵ
ǼԷԷɡʧˣʧˡ
һ߽һѹֵĶͷǸ
˶ֻΪǻл
ɶȴȵһƣȻΣΣаҽŮʿҽʧˣԷһϣûдŵλ°
ΣôҪκλŮʿдðվˣɵĶ𣿡
ҺȾƣ
ΪͻȻϵա
ƾΪôһ˵е»ָｻĳ档
Ͼû֮ǰԭԭζ˼ּؾһȦò̶е˼ء
ٶơ
ֻܳɺͲ̶ˣذԼıľƺܿպصһظ˾ơ
ֻԶĳԻֻ˳ű˼Եż±
һƲź꣬ܳɺͲ̶Ѿɵƾ־ûټȥˡ
ֺûܳɶе飬̶Ȼܳ͸ǡ
̶˵ڣؽڣллλĴݹ١
СˣҲʵںףλ
Ų̶֧֧ڶֺĶԵһŵ˸Ͻҡͷԡ
˵ΣҪȥˡҪȥˡ
ն
̶ںؽڼȻٺˣҾǻؼҰɣѾǰһݣڳţҪͻصſڲŸһ
λʱҶûüŽӣͿ͵ļȻţ϶ȫ
ȻԵҲ̶ˣ
Σȥ˵ͷҡĸ˹Ƶġ
̶ѣ˵⻰ʲô˼
ǿûͬȥ˵ǸطҺͶڲЩġ
̶Ҳϵ˵ҲؽȥΡ
ʱɫͨ죬˿㼸ͶĿ⡣
һλŮͬ־
Ρ
̶Ͷֺ뿪֮ܳɾ˵ΣѾ˳Ȼһذɣǲΰŵġ
ҽ˴һɺãʱҰѳתǡ
̶Ǻϸһˣ뿪ǰЩϸڶˡ
಻ϲζ¾ʹ̨ˡ
࿴˰С㣬ƺһж˼
˵ҽˣʦȥɡΪе˷ѡ
ŵҲһ̨ĸˣոպá
ûܳɽ飬ǿ˿ܳɣ̶Ľֶܳ˵
ܳɣǲνѾǾ̾ˣƺڲû㵱ѧ˼
Ժξûˡ
ҲҪʧ䡣
ܳ˫־ȭͷͶʽ˶һǻ֮󣬲Ű˫һ
Ц˵ʦЦˡ
ʵҲ⣡
ЩҪԵֵģԵûǿáÿ˶ÿԼĻԵ
ԼũģҲãû˶Ĵ֮ɡ
ؽڲһʱ򣬾ͶѶڸŵˡ
ܳ˵⻰ʱԼͺЦȻҲǿЦ
ﻹеʧίġ
֮ǰûеõģǰܳɾԼ첻㣬ŬоĸԶʧˡ
ڣѾʵ߲·
ǺͶп·ûʲôԵ֡
ˡ
еįܳɽǿЦЦԱߵռҺӣϦޣ羰ãĻӰˮϡ
ܳ⻰ԹԵվߵİͻȻͽˣԼũģԼŵ뷨ҡ
Ҫ˵ԼʲУҾͲͬ⡣
ŶھIIIһܹԲɡúòȻרҵ
ܽʲã
ȻؿͻȻڵİ
һ䣺
ô£ӻ
ûػҧ
Լ˵
ȫʲõˣҪһ飬ҪŬãҪЩʲôͳ
Ͳʲã̫ˣ
žĿһУԲѵ˵ʲãȴ֮⣬ʿɹ
Ϊںֻ˵ʲãʲá
⻰㻹ǿԺܿѧϰһȻǱеš
㲢ʧ㻹Իһǫ
ȫе±ˣ㲻ԼѧΪʲôʱͻȻ衱һֻβ͵Ұèһôɷ
һ°֣ʾ˵ˣϾܳɵܲá
ܳͻعͷ˰еĪ
Gǣ˵һԼʲãôӦ
ô
Ҹпһ䶼У
һ£תͷȥҲ֪ԼոտΪʣ˱űտڲˡ
գѰܳɽеĳȻԼ½һԸ˾Ͻ
תͷܳɽͣҽҽǽе㲻̫ãְʵҲû˼ֻǿû
㻹ΪŰģϾһϵе飬밲ûһëǮϵ
һУǲ̶Ϊܳɶŵľ֣Ҳֻǿ
ĽǣֽƺܳɲȤ
ܳеʧظпһʵڷǳ
Լѧ֪ͻȻħƵģͿʼ˱Ʊ
㰲˵һУĵܳɵʺܺãнԼʲãе㲻̫ʡ
˵Լʺò£
ڲͬ£ҲҪ֤ؿİ
û£Σܳ̾һҲʮĪҲ̫ȥ
ͻȻڽѵܳɸĵǣΪʲôûȤ¡
ģ⸱ʱģḶ́ɲİ
⵽ôأ
Ͱҽˣллǡллܳɼס
ͨܳĻܳɻǾðеĪĸлĻڱ

ڳ⳵ϣŰ֮󣬲ŵԲƫİò̫Ŷ
ȻôΪǸҽ˵ĻԣҲô˵
˺߱ӣ･ƽ֮ҲЩڣЩػ˵㣬ƾʲô˵֪ʲôʲã
Ͳ֪һʲõˣΪһ£ٵŬ
·ſ˵ޱ˶󱿵Ĵºţɵĳƺ֮һ
СѧĿγ̶Ҫһѧϰʱ䡣
ܹǿͬѧǵĽȡ
òһ100֣ᱻΪǼĹϵʦ100߾׳顣
ǿһĸУ㱻Ϊ˴ˣôܿϸУһ˺ź͹ϵ˷
ж꣬һ꣬ǿһƣоǱ˵ɡ
ʲôʸ˵ʲãҪκã۾΢еر粵޵ί
š


һ ҲҪܳɸСӡ
˵оʱ򣬺Ϊĺһ˸ԡ¼ȡˣûϰתٱˣ϶˼Ĺϵ
뿪ˡԾ͵һͬ˼߹ϵεо
⿴ȴƣװ֪˵ľԼ
ֱͷοȥˡ㣬ҲŬ
㶼ǿģǵĶԼʵŬ
Ҫ˵
գ۾ҧ촽˵Щ츳ôŬ׾ٵصõԼõС
ȴڿԼ޶۹ߡ
ǵ֪ʲô޶𣿡
˵ǣʵڽŪ
ߵıˡ
Ա̾һŵ㽲ģҶ֪ˡ
ѰӰȻ˫Ŀӡ
˵֪㽲ĶǶԵġ
Ҳ˼Ҫ֤Դ
ǿƵܳɣоûϰ
λóһ£ԣԼ޶֮⣬Ҹʲôһأ
ʵУʵ
ѵΪܺãͿԲͲȥѧô
ͻȻӦ˹
Ŷ
ܳǸ뵽סԺҽʦ淶ѵסҽʦ
о
ؼûȥоѲŰš
ԼĶǶԵģܳʵлܹԣԻ¬Σ
Ϊʲô
ܳɲԼԭ
˵øֱЩô
ԣˣˣһжȻˮɡ

죬ʱ׻
⡭
΢ãȻһ仰˵
ﲻԾһ΢뷨ƺԼʲõˡ
ѧϰ˵㣬ʱѻﵽĿġ
֣ܳƺԽܣҪԭĻⱳԭ̫С̫ʵˡ
㡣ͻȻе㲻е޴롣
鶼ȥˡİҡͷʾ˵ˡ
ΣҪһɣܳ㿪˳ź˵Ҫؼңˡ
ֵСϽϳȥ࣬ҲûҪʲô
ȥúϢ̫ˡ
´Ҹʵʱ䣬ѧǸ
òá֣ܳȻ˳Ȼʦ˵ԼĿĵء
ܿ쵽ԼС¥£ֱܳӰ˾Ľˣл¥ȥ
ص˼Ⱥúõϴһ˴ϣü˼
ܳе˼⡣
оֱеĪ
ֶȤĻ͸ڽ̨
ɽҲˣȴֲֻ飬һʱ򣬰Ѷŵˡ
Լֹ̫ˣԲžԼѡ·ʵкܶࡣ
ҲǽںͶʱϷ̫е
ܳɳ˼ʱ򣬺Ȼֻһʾ
óһȻ΢ŽһδϢʾһӺѵ֪ͨ
mananmanan
бע룺ҽãƵİ
ԿеǸӣ
ԥ£ܳɻѡͬѵ룬ͬʱظ˱עܳɡ
ͨԶתĽ棬ܳɱ㿴˶Էʾ
ҽãǰ
飬ǳǸ
ԸǸ˵
ܳɿ꣬һ㶡
ƽʱôֱӣֱֱȥӵô
ǸͳԷѵǻȺŵ
ǿػأû£ҽԷͲ˰ɣҲûʲô¡
ҽĻҲв̫Եĵطֳᡣ
ظ꣬ܳһͦȻ˫˫һǻ˵ģⷽɣ
ܳɿѡ·
УֲˣٻҽԺ
ϣܳɿ˿ǰǰдµıǩϵּоԱʱ䣺10/1010/20
ʱ䣺10/13
ĿԺУϴѧҽԺ
ܳɿ꣬ѱǩ˺Ȼ󶪽ԱߵͰĬĬش˵Եıҳ棬Լ־Ըѡ˾ѧĳҽԺ
һ·ȷ־Ըĵĳ
ûȻֱֹر־Ըȷ档
档

ܳɱһεؿʼģ⡣
˿ģļ塣
пλڹ̶
۱պϸλ¶壩
Сппλڹ̶
ȱĹǰֲ
ؽλλ
ȫŹؽûͨ
ؽھؽڡؽڡϥؽڣ
ϥؽھֹƽ̨伹ݶڹ̶ͨ
ؽھTFCC˵޸
ؽHillSachBankart޸ͨ
ļͨģõļؽھľؽУصHillSachBankart˵޸
ˣھԵ˶ҽѧһȵ㣬Ȼڹ۸У̫ģ˶ҽѧӦܡ
ǼеˣHillSachBankartˣʵʵڰ˹۵ϡ
ܳɴģȻӦ۶Ӧļܡ
ƻϲϱ仯Ȼ춡ֽڲûдӦ˵Զо£ǶĹУᵽôһ
۲һȫȫĻ
һЩ£ΪۿȫһԣǿͨΪۣһЩ
ǼΪӱġ
Ȼ֪˵⻰ǲǴţ¡
ⶼ֮ܳǰδ뵽˼·
ǰ
˭涨ˣ۾һкģ
۾Ͳˣ
Ȼ۵㱾ʹìܣͨ˾š
˴ˣܽβ
ҽѧǺģһ˼·ȥúõоһ£ģԲԴ
ȻҪģ⣬ȸ۵׸ôƣԼĿǰоչ΢úõռһϡ
׼Ĺķѵʱ䲢̡
ԣܿܳɾ뵽˳ʽѧϰ֮ȥˡ

ңܳɲű̶ĵ绰𶯣;ѧϰ
ܳɽӹ绰󣬲̶˵ܳɣѾص˰ɣ
˶Ǯת㡣
֮ܳǰȻ˵ǲ̶ܳҲûʲ̶Ҫ򳵵Ǯʦ򳵵Ǯ࣬˰ɡҲ𣿡
Ȼ٣Ҳࡣ̶Ϊ˰æǮ˰
̶е㲻ˣ˵˵ô£
պõҡ
һϢͶ³ʱ򣬶˵ˣʱ㰲һʱ䣬רһĻᡣ
ⳡshow time֧ĻôȨ飬ҲȻˮɡ̶ϲضܳ˵

ܳԣϲʤΣ˵𣿶ԸΪҰǰõIIIȨ޵飿
ô˵ΪڵѧܳɾǶԸǰIIIȨ飬İЩ
֮ܳԻȥжʵЩǵƽ̨Ǹѧ̫ණܳͨģʦ£ûôҪ
ǸõϢ
̶Ҳˬ˵ǰIIIȨҲζȨˣ
Ҫ֪߮Ƕڵ״ѧĿǰҲֻõIIIȨ
֮⣬죬дһIIȨȥҽȰIIȨ
IIȨҪǿڲ߼ְƵȨС顣˶ֽڵ֧룬ϺκͺξԲ￨㡣
ҵʱκͺһ£úõ׼ɲܸҵӰ
̶潻
ȨҪһһؽУͰ࣬IIIȨõ֮󣬲ɶ֧IIIȨ顣
õģʦһȫȣҲʧܳϱ֤
ǰõȨޣǶڸеģҲãǶԺҪڿһЩ¶ҲãǸԽõܳɾԽؽС
ΪڸոգܳɲһЩ涨
˶ʿоͲʿоδؾһҪȥܵõ
̶ЦǺ˵úϢһ£췴Ҳա
ˣֵ˰ɣ̶ʡ
ţʦֵࡣܳɵͷ˿á
ȻûܹöִӦȥоȴõ˸ѵĶ֮ϲ
ֻǣܳûףʵԽIIIȨѧ£ɺЩΪʲôʱ򻹱ŵأ
ܳ벻ͨ
̶˵ҸոպͶؽҲֹ̽ˣǹҲãǹؽλҲãѡַλǾûġ
IIȨҪһIĲҪҪܶࡣ
еףƺúùͨ󣬿΢ѵӷŵø㡣
ȡѲ˶Ӽƾͻȥ
̶ܳʾ㶣ʣʦ𣿡
ҪǵӷŴĻ
ɱŵ
ʲôʵģ̶ˬʣ󷽷
ֽδ˵绰ξԲΪΪ㡣ǹؽλǹֻۣҪǿصıơ
ˣа
Ǿ
ȻǰǲܳǿǿɲΪͶһ˰̶Ƕཻһ䣬ܳɸˣԼʲôˣѲϵַλٳ顣
ڣ
ǶڰĿǰִţߣһ绰Ϻ̫ܡķܹԼʦǣ
ҪôߣʦͽǽԵֵġ
ܳϻظõģʦġһϸظʦ㱨ġ
ٴַλƲˣЧͼӰǱȸҪӿػøлֵķ
ϾIIIϵȼ˶ȻȻΪǲ̶ġ
ܳɲȥ˽ͣңַλܳɣҶȻΪǲ̶
֮飬Ǽﲡ˾Ͳһˡ
˾ͿԺܿػ㹻ĸлֵڶ
˸ĸܳɱԸõع滮ͬģⰲţʱ򣬸ܹʵԼĹǿƻȻĿǰԼڴ˵Ĺϣгɾ͡
ɴ˿ɲֻйۡ
»׵ģǳЩ㶼ףҾͲˡ
̶˵⣬ѵܳɡ
֮飬ƵθҽˡҾðɣǻҪֿ
ˣҽŮӣŮӵһ㶼ΪкĪģ˺getǸ㡣΢󷽵㣬Ҳ˼˦ʲôɫ
ǵôȵã
ܳɸæ˵ʦ
ûһֻڿ飬״̬û
̶͹๾һ󣬺˵ûĻôظһ˼Ϣѽ
˼ҺüСʱˣִˣĸֻ֪Ƿֱߵġ
绰ˡ
ҺŮ죬ûлġ̶ѵ
ǰСܣܰСײ£ٷܶʮꡣ
Ŷ
ܳͻȻȻ˵ʦҸոڿ飬ϰ߿鲻ֻҲǹⲻصģϻء
治ܳɣûֱֻߵϰߣϰԵľ
ǰΨһһηֱߡ
Ϊ֪ļﲡ˲٣Կֱߣſĵ绰Ҫ˵ʱûҵˡ
ܳվùֻ
һȻԼظ˰֮󣬰ֹ˼Ӿ͸˻š
ҽԷĻҶ˸λȿȣǸòã
ʮӺ
ʡ
ҽҵˡ
ַλ
λţ17
Сʱ
ٻһ䣺Բ𡭡
Ȼ͵ûˡ
Ҵΰ£
ܳɿ꣬ͷϽţҽǸ㻹ڿ𣿡
ҸȥˣǲθҴ绰ҶֻԲ𰡣
ͬʱֹﰡզôֱӰôת俩
˵һһҶûͬ⣬㽲Ⱦ͵ȣôУ
ѹ̶ֲôҡ
ظ˵һѽĴǵȵŵ㡣㻹ûĻҾֻԼȥˡ
ǲǴŵѧϰ˰źػظѧϰʱҲϲš
ûУڿҰɣϹܳæ˯£һ׸ɾ·š

ܳ밲˵֮󣬺ܿͻصңܳģ֮Ȼ׼ȫҲûջȻֻǻֲͨϹͨȼļܣ
ܳɱ˯ȥ
մ硣
ܳȻ˿ߵʮʱ仹硣
Ȩûһ۰칫һλú
ϽȥϢһ˹׼ȥ칫ҿʱȻΰ칫߳һˣӭܳɶ
ЦǺǵ˵ǸСܰпġ
ܳɺ⣬ô磿Ϻ
ܳɾȣⲻϺʲô
𣿡ϺһͰ׵ı顣
㣬Ρġܳϵͷ
ϾϺǲΣҲֻ˵㡣
Ϻ߽ΰ칫Աͨݵͨ
øҵȨʱðǽڣͷ˸˵ϸչհҲܳɸСӣ
ܳɸҵΧжڰ
Ͳ֪𣿡
Ȩһ飬ó˧ʱҲһ¡


һ ǰ
СܣѾ࣬Ҫҵ˰ɣ˰칫ңϺܳλ£ʡ
ܳɵͷЦŻأǵģΣѾǹĵڶʮ¡
סԺҽʦ淶ѵܼʮ£Ϊڴꡣܳȫͳйĵڶ
ϺЦЦʣСʱǵû
ûпǹĴ㣿
ڼ䣬ǳʮµ浽ѹեʱڣÿסԺҽʦȻڼǵװ׵ģֻܳɡ
ܳ촽˵ĴǽһҽԺȥʱŬȡһᡣ
ܳɲδֱϺԼ⣬Ҫ˵Ҳȸ̶Ȼò̶ȥϺ˵
ǰ˾Ǹһַܾڻ棬ûʽ֮ǰͻеѡһع֮ٳɼӣŲһŲĻǸҪľģЩ
Ϻпһ۾һתʣСһֱڹǿֿڼ䶼Ǵڲεϵİɣ
ţ󲿷ֶǣֻһȥһǼʶ֮⣬ʱǸŲʦѧϰġ
Ҳϰˡܳɲδ˵Լսҵʱ򣬾Ǳطȥ˲̶顣
С㻹ġ
ȻҶ˽ⲻ࣬ǿĺܶ໤ʿ㶼޲ڵġ
ٶת鿴һĻϼҽʦʵ鿼ǵġ
Ϊϼҽʦ¼ҽ˽⣬Ҳ໥ϺͻȻô˵һ䡣
ֻҪͷӵúãûǽڲ
ܳϺ˼ǳ޵£˵ΣʵǸеӵˡӦ»Ƚ
ڲʦôʱ䣬оõġϰͬգͻȻһӸıˣҪóһʱӦùµʦϵİš
ͲʲôʶˣȼһӣлȥǼʶɡ
Ϻԣ̾һܳɣƽԼôûע⵽Ȼ͵˵ΪˣһΪ鶯֮ˡ
ܵĻ˵Ưû˿Ĳ֮ⲻһסԺҽʦܹﵽˮƽ
ƽʱûٱ̶ĿȾ
ι˰
űֺܳģܳԼȥæˡ
ȻϺٴεȼһֵ̣ʳָָţָʳָָôţ
罻ܿ쿪ʼˡ
ֵ໤ʿֵҽ֮Ϻ罻ĻϣǳҪ顣
ΪǹǿƵķչǰǣһǹǿƵķתЧʣһҽҽԺɫ
Ϳãվ顣
һŻǰø߸
ʰҽɫǹǿֱרֵ࣬ÿֵ࣬ɴθͳﰲš
Ҫ賣չؽλˣܳƹؽλˣͬʱڿﳣؿչ۵ַλһϵƴʩ
˵ЩϺ˵ΣΡ
飬Ѿ뼱ƵĹ鶨ˣӽ쿪ʼԺಡˣɲٳȥҽԺ¡
Ͳ̶ˣǶ̣û˵
ﻹǰֹҲ֪ǰգ˭ֳһؼëҵ˶ȥ
ָأ
Ҳû˵ʲô˶̲Ǻ顣

罻֮󣬺˲̶Ȼƣ飬ڿﳣҪؽλַλ
֣ҽʦǸѧһʱĹַλɹؽλַλӶ䡣
϶Ҫĵġ
þĶֵ࣬ǵһ죬ðźõĻҪš
̶ȻǰѡȨݸԼѡ
еΪѵͷ˵ΣҲԸ⣬Ҫ죬ξѾǸǰкˡ
ҵʱѲʹӦˡ
һ죬ҾԼҧҧܼ֣ݵĻһҲδֵܼΡ
˶ģǻ
˭Ҳס007ʽĹ
ʱͰһ䣬Ϻֱ޳ܡ
ַλĴң⻹ǰͰƸˮⲻǹô
Ҳôұ취ɣΣҲռԼξѹ
Ȼ׼
ҧҧΣһĽ飬ϣҲں֡
ܳɣַλϣһЩĵáܹӦΣֵյĹؽλַλܳɴӦֵʱڿ΢š
ΣҿɸܳҲһ䣬ֵʱöȸܳɴ绰ܳɶ˵ĲˣȥҲôܶЩС
ǣ˰ţ¶뷨
˵꣬еŵؿ±֡
ܳסԺҽʦͬסԺҽʦ¼ϵ
ö˸ܳɻ㱨ļﲡˣϹأ
ɺһ۲̶̶ֲȻž޲ضһԲ
ֻ̾һ˵ʱ˰ŰɣҲûõİ취ˡһȥ֣ٸĹܴҽɡ
ܳɵص֮Ĵϼ䲻Ϲء
Ҫ007˵ܹǹȥЩ
վȥܳ˵һк
뿪󣬺˲̶һţոһ仰⿴ҳǰɣ
˵ˣ飬һܹؽλһܼ򵥹۵ġ
Ͳ£תߣ룬ߵĹؽλѾųȥˣĹַλأĪ̶
̶ЦǺǵصݹȥһ̣ζ˵ҪߣҲ̶Ҳסİ
žͳںϡ
վҪߣ˰
߰߰ɣʡ˷Ѻò衣̶վƵض豭ȥˮͥŲ
«ﵽʲôҩת˻Ų̶
Ұ鵤ҩǸݵַλܳģһõˣ̶÷˵
ŵĿɿڴ
Ƹܳɽºܳæͷ
ֵԽ࣬Խ࣬лֵҲԽࡪ
ȴܳ󣬱Ȼ֪ǸϲٴˣһҪǵðҽ˺ö԰
һҪԭãԼ£ɲܱˡ
£øõǮԿġ
ܳɵ˵ͷ˵á
ûӴһ棬ûƿǵôϸ


ȻԿ˵ʱһЩҲĿɿڴ
֣ΰ׵˵Σ⣿ǿƣ
ҸؽλַλϴγԿûô
ԽԽ󣿡
Ȼ֣ΰһۣ߳ʲô飿òͿԲ𣿡
һǼƣƵĲȾǵ֡ǵļƲѾ꣬꣬һ
йǿƵһڻڸٴ߼
֣ΰȻöʱ͵ͷȥŲ̧ͷǣòãǿȥǶԲ˵Ĳΰ
ȻصǾȽŻģúõˣȥȻŲģòõȥγɳ档
ƽﹻǷȨ˰ɣ
ˣһηηβţǡ
ģϸȱһɣûĻԶϲ̨档
Ȼ˵ǿƵҽһҪע˰
ǧҪˣҾϲǵˡ
һ죬ϵǶĥ˵ĻⱲӾˣˣ

ƽ֣ΰתѩĽǵλĲˣǧҪεģˣ˵һף˵һס
ǵҽһҪȵǿ˾ˣô궼ġ
͸Ĺ
ѩĵʱͷ֣ʦʦֵأҲһ𣿡
֣ΰһһҳԹαԹı顣
˵ߣһ²һ¡
һߡ
ϴλûԹѵ㻹鷳𣿡
Ȿǿûʲôϵ
ҽԺǿƵЩҽͲؽλַλϣҲôͨǶͲˣǸԼ鷳ǡ
֣ΰŸ˵ŵʱ򣬺ȻӼ߳ˡ
һŰ״ӣ߸˧˧ǲ˺ͼһ˻ǰ۵
˺ͼ԰״ӵллл˰ҽˣˣ
û£Ӧģǻȥ֮һҪעǰ۵ʱ˰ܳɶŲ
ţãġ˺ͼͷ
˹ȥ·֣ΰѩĵʱֻѩĵл֣ΰɨһ۾ˡ
϶֮ǰĻ
лл˰硣
ոλʦ˵飬ǰܳҲѩĴ˸к󣬱㲻˵ȥˣûȥ֣ΰ
֣ΰʱɫʮɫֻסβ͵è


һ ж
ѩͷ˿֣ΰҲͶ˼ǵ׸ôŪ
֣ΰһһε˳ܳʲôʱģ绰𣿡
˵ǿƵĻ˸ţȻܳɲδǿҷǾǰľ̨ʣǴӵӰѧġ
ѩĸϽҡͷֻͣ˹ǿƲ绰ȥˡҲ֪˭
ɲҸĿӰ֣ʦ
ȻֵĻ˹ǿƵĲˣûмΣģһȥǿƲԺֵ֮ʱ°ɣ
ǰ㣬ԸͣͻȻ˵Ҫ㣬ȻԼ˻ݬ룬鷳
֣ΰ֪Լ˸ưͿ
ܳɣСƺӶû㶨ĲˣȥһʱͰѸԵĹؽλλɹˣԲֹһǰĶҲʲôͰˮ
Ƶ棬֣ΰҲԼĻдϾۿд˵Ĳˣٱ˵ġ
ܳɣ
û׼
ܳɻ˲󣬶ϵݹһյıȡҡ
ͬʱ˵ʵڲ˼ܳɸ磬ֵ࣬һڿֵࡣ
ʵζܳһͬסԺҽʦԼоҵ֮ġ
զҪֵʱܳ㱨鰡
¼
֣ٶѾѴ˵ˡ
飬۵Ĳ˿սַλ
ؽλĲˣþ촦
ͺˣĹؽƿưģֳĹؽλԸöһ˺Ĺؽλǻǵ鷳
ߺתȥ̶飬鷳һ˲˵
ӶҲҪһĻ㱨ﵹҲ̹˲١
ܳɽӹȣ˵̫ˣ硣ҾͲڿͶѣҪࡣ
أĸлֵѾ嵽16㣬˵ýֱܹʮȻڶ
㱳һ죬˵ʵֵб֡һģҽзܳɸ磬ɱˡ
ܳҲͲᣬ˵ͷ˵ã״󻧰rich磿
ҾͲˣ
ִҡȥˡЦһ£߿ˣֵ࣬Ȼ˺鶼١
Ȼû̫²ˣҲǴǰҽʱ䡣
ܳſȽϢ㡣
൱ֵࡢֵʱҶҪеӾ˺ܶడ
»Ӱ쵽ģģ֮ǰ֮ǰô׼ˡ
Ҳ˸·
ʱµĶʱһҪϼһ£2/3ֵ࣬ƶȣԼҪֵ࣬ǲ̫еġ
ǰ⵹ǻøлֵð취

ʮʮʱ򣬼ˣһǹؽλģһǹۡ
ϰܳɽгæ˵ܳɸ磬ͬʱˣȥһ¹ؽλĲˣȰٹ۵Ĳ˺Ȼæ
Ȼ֮ǰϿȴҲûܳɵǿɴؽλĴϼҽʦԴ
Ȼֻ֣˵йؽλĲˣҪ֪ͨܳɡ
ðȶԼѹ۵ĲסԺٹæʡ¹ͬʱܹĦһܳɵôַλ
Լɵ㣬ѧϰ
һá
ܳЦЦͷƽϣֱ˻ʿ칫ҵĵǰŲ˵ҽƿͿ˹ؽλַλҽٿһǰ۵ȡҽ
űѹؽλĲϽ˴ҡ

۵ĲˣǲʲôַλģйۣνסԺȻ鷿һһ
Ҳʱ֣ٺͺ绰ʮСʱǷ񵱳ַλ
β˵̣ʮϤȿסԺ֤˼ȥɷѣԺĳ飬ҸCTһز۵ľ
Ȼٸݾһƴʩ
ȻסԺͬʱҪ˴һʯʱ̶ǩԺ̸Щġ
ʯڹǿƵĳΪи߷ӲϵĹ㷺ٴ˸Ӽ򵥡
Ժ̸Ǹ˽̼ܷĲ֢Щ
ЩȻʮϤ
ʮӺ󣬶Ժ̸߳˲ڲ˺ͼл߳
滹Цϸ˵лӦģǵļ鵥ϣԤԼõļʱ䣬ǰʮȥϽǵĵַȥ鼴ɡ
ʿҲǸʲôʱġ
ҽԺļ飬ԤԼƶȣȷǰʮڡ
õĺõģҽˣϸġ˼ٴεлѶͻ˲
Ȼ߽˻ʿվԺ̸¼н˲ҷȥһƿţһ˵ܳɸ磬˼Ǳߡ
˵һ룬ƿ󣬷һˣﻹܳɺͲ˼Ӱ
㶣˼Ͻʿվȥֵ໤ʿ㣬ǸؽλĲأѵǱȥضҽԺ
ǰֵʱĳ
ûѽֵĻʿǱԺʿ
˺ü˵ؽλĲ˺ͼȥ𣿹Ҳˣֵҽ㶼֪
ȥܳɰɣ֮ǰѲ˽ġ
Ҳ̫ҽ֮䵽ΰŵġ
㷴
ŶŶ˼㣬ȥܳɸ硣æתߣٶ°ѶԷë
ҽ飬ҽڲͨʿȻЩġ
Ϣңſܳ￴Źںţܳڿǹؽھͼ׼·ѡ
ܳɸ磬ǸؽλĲˣѾλ˰
ûʲôæЦʡ
ܳɵͷţǼ򵥵ļؽǰλûʲôģô˶
ҸոոλʱҿæҲû㡣
ȻҲǿס࣬ǿԱ֮һֻܳǹ棬̸ʲô顣
ȨǶϾֵĻܳɻصַλ߸㣬ҪѧϰȰѧϰĻԼҳ
ϵûһܳɾ͹ܲˡ
ܳɸĶİôͰַλˡȻõܳɿ϶Ĵ𸴣Ȼе㾪
ܳɵǵçֺֿأ
Ȼǰûر˽ؽλҲ;˵ؽλַλǲôġҲʹԼʦ֣õĴǣʮҡ
ŶʮӣܳɾͰѲûӰˣ
аɣܳɻ꿴˿ʱ䣺ҾŲ˲ิˣһȥ
ܳ˵ţʵϰСʿˣ˵иĲˣҽ
ܳɱһͬ˳ȥ
֮
ؿܳںͲ˼ϸڣҵ˺ͼٴһ鱻ǽ͸Ľ
Щڡ
òƣԼһʼ뷨ʹ
Ȼֻܳͨס࣬ûоⶥñӴţⲢʹˣԼͲܶͷȥѧϰʲô
ܹܳú֣ٵΣԼֵʱ򣬵ؽλĲˣй֮һ㡣
ϾһרҵоڶٴϵĹȫ棬ȻԸظܳɵƨɺ棬ܳһֵࡣ
ͽֻǽ飬ûè壿
ˣڰѲ˺ͼ֮󣬶˵ܳɸ磬Բ𰡣챾ֵģȫˡ
ʵ鷳ˣԺ϶ˡ
ҪѧϰԼҪȥѧϰĻᡣ
Ҫ˸ѧϰ᣿ôܣ
ĵظַλ϶ġ޷˳ƣ˷ϵĻػɱ̭һ
û£磬Ҳ˳ֵ顣ܳνϵ˻ظ
Ҳܳʵ뷨ദ˻øлֵͻǵöָ
һ͹ʵ
˳˳֣ҲడϾֵࡣܳɸ磬´йؽλĲˣ׼˸λǰ׼㡣ǳƶȻҲһˡ
ܳɸ磬ô˵ˣȻвҽ㡣
Ѿ˺зٽ˰
ȥֵңдȥˣǰ̸ûꡣ˵꣬߳Ϣң칫ҷȥˡ
ܳɿŶıӰ΢΢̡
ôܹӦùΣҲǸõŵµˣԼûлģ⸱Ļ¾;ԼԽȥĺ蹵ˡ
涼λˣܳȻҲǲ΢һġ

磬ڳԷʱ
һ߳ԣһ߶ܳĴָܳɸ磬
ģţƣķڷˡ
ŹؽλҲܹôشáҳ˼ʶˡҸոոʦ˵£Ϊڴţأ
Ǵţ
滹ܳɿҲ֪԰ڻǷС
ܳҵԼûûЦЦⶼǳַλûô
ŵʱ򣬺Ȼܳɵĵ绰
һƵġ
ܳɸϽվ֮ɫһ任󡣶Զ˵磬ȳԷɣҪȥ¹һơ
ȥһƣʦȥæ𣿡
ţʦġܳɵͷҡͷ
浱ʯ
һƵ˶Ҫܳɸȥȳ
ȻԼƫƫ棬Ҷж


һ Ҫ˾ֱӴ绰
ǿһ罻֮ϣֵҽֵĻʿѿĳ潻ི
ΪǿƵǰĴ죬ſڵԽ𰡣ǹһƽе֫ǹؽλַλҲҪѡһֵĲ۵ַλ
ֵҽ㲻Ĳˣ绰һѯ࣬һѯ׼ģɸԵˡ
˵ʱ˶Ǿ㵵
ֱӲ˵ΣؽƣǲǷָ˹ǶƣϺǿͻȻؽλַλʲô
ÿһ죬׵ҽԺֱ߰࣬Ϊһֵڰ࣬ʮСʱҪֵҽڲ
һѯ࣬ҽʦ븱߼ҽʦΣʱ洦ֵҽʦ㲻Ĳˡ
ÿΣѯ࣬һѯ޷⡣
֮ôΪո⻰ֱӴϢˡ
ƽ˳没ˣһѯ඼㶨ˣǼΪҪ棬Ҳһżһζѣ
ǿ֫ĹǹؽλҲ˹Ĵɲˡ
쿴һۣδػȿڶ͵ΣţǲֵԱģֵʱĶѯ࣬Һͳ˷ֵ
һ飬ηֱֹһƵ죬ҽʦǰǿƴΡ
ҽʦ
ѾݱƸҽԺģʡҲڹǿĿǰԾٴһߵԪϼ֮һ
һǰǣҪôѾȫ˾ӣҪôֻˡ
ôͣȻٲֵ飬ҲǶǰһء
ĸݣʽĳ£ͷһ˿ƫ֣˵
ѻͷתǿͿ˵ΣҾǸ򹤵ģаžˣҶӰš
úܣȻԼΣѾ֮󣬾ͲҪٶܿ£رȥ첫⡣
˷ȨԿҵķչΪ
⻰վصʦЦˡķչȶö˼ҡ
˵ʱİžӽ쿪ʼֵ࣬ƾͻв͵ǹһɢˣԼȥɣ
ƶطԸꡣ
Ȼ˵Ҳֻε˻ȥֻڵֹ¡
߳ȥĹУҫϴԣ߿ΣνⰲţǹĥЩһѯ𣿡
ǿЩ࣬иؽλַλģⲻֱӰǾͰųסԺ
ôİ
ؽλҲ˵֮ǰûڿûǮˮ
ⲻеõ
ܵͣԹɲС
ȱ飬ҵȻȥһġ
ֵ࣬°ǰȲҪ뿪ˡҾô϶ǻġ

˶뿪˽֮󣬲߽칫ҵ⣬š
ΪݵϹǿƴΣĹǿƴѾ˽ӣƸҽԺ顣
ȥͨİ칫Ҳʡ
ΰ칫ȻҪ졣
ʰ˳һ䣬Ϊ칫ҡ

ͬ⣬ŶȻ㿴ǳʵΧ˰칫ϣԡ
ʱҲûкֻ˵죬бӣв裬ˮпˮԼŪһ¡
ȻͷԼݺһ裬ȻƸѾԷŵ̨µ
͵Σ飬ʵҲʱź͹ǶƵϺ˾ġ
ûʱ㱨ǶǾΪؿǵģΪǹǿƷչġ
Ϊ
û˵꣬ڵȻΪԹǿƵķչкôȥС
õҵĵط֪ҳģѾøһ㱨ˡ
ҽʮˣٹʽݣˡ
ˡ˵괵˴ƮĲҶȻƵһڲ裬ȻڿƷλһ¡
⻰Ų´ǰʦ
ɡ̡֮λʦ
ϡǵãԼʱֻǼߵΣʱڱء
ʮǰΪǿƵķչͷֿ֮£ҽԺԺ쵼ǰʡĹǿѧϲϱߡ
ڣζѾϡ֮꣬жˡ
¹治˰
ǣȻò㱨Ȼǳλˣ˵ĿǰǿΨһдһܹӾ׵׵һֱֺǹ۵ˡ
ȻΧ㲢ãĹǿһǸӵİֿƣֲˣ˲ˣֻҪǹǿƣǼҲãҲãý
ǰҽԺʱǰʡȫܡ
ΣΪ˹ǿƲһӣٶ㣬ֻ㱨һ£飬аź͹صġ¡͡
Ҿ֪ˣǶѾˡ
үֻȲ裬ġ
Ҳ֪ĻʲôʱܿŶЦڴ̨ɹ̫ԣڴ

뿪İ칫Һץץͷ
һξãˣԼ뷨ٲˣԺҲûеطȥ㱨ˣҪȫԼһС
ǿƵķչʲôӣǿƵĴΣϢϢء
صԼİ칫Һ󣬱ֿʼ
̶ƽﲻɽ©ˮġ
û뵽һ֡
ȻϴѧҽԺĶֽڣԴ绰ר˵ǿƵĳУַλһ飬ǲɻȱġ
ܵΪ˿תͺ׷ЩĶˡ
ʼ΢еĪһ֮á
üһﰡ̶ɫأȻڿҽԺӻλĻ󻹰ѶֽڸŪһ̨ڶĽѧ
̶ʲôʱͶֽڴߵģ첻ǣ˺üΣҪöֽҽԺ»ֽڶ̫æˡ
ʵǹϵûһȥ
񣬶绰˵ҪַλĴڣַϿʰҽҽԺɫ
Ϊҵķչһڲе
һȻ˵㣬Ѳ˵ĿڱˣĲ
Կ﷢չʽչҵ񣬿Դ¼ʵĸ
֮⣬ǻ˳϶ߵĻǲԺȥҲã붡ֽڹҲãǼкôġ
Ҫǣ̶ȻƤӵ£붡ִûȣ϶ǲ̶й֮ˡ
Լѹǿƽֻ̨ò̶ŶַĻôյĽֻǣ̶ҽԺʱڷ롣
û취Ϊ˲ṩǵƽ̨ڱߡ
ۺصؿ£ҲǲòϺ֮ǰ׳Ȱַλڿ顣

ܿؾҵ죬ȥɢһ̺󣬱ʣΣǿңʵûбҪȥؽλַλɣ
ǿĿǰĲĿǰǿԵġֿԣȴûʲôЧ飬ʵ
쿴˿꣬һ̾
вٴһιǿΣ°ֶûһƲͿʼЩǰɣ
㶼֪Щʲô
Ȼˣ϶ҲҽзӦ
飬ΣԼǶɡϺң˵ǿǿ֫۵
һ
Ϻʣ֫ؽλ֫ؽڵλǿƹܲܣܵĻͶȥǶơǸǲأ
ʱɫһ첻
͵͵֫£ϺȻ
ôôأ
Ͳϸһ£Ϊʲô֫۵ĲˣԸȥǿң
ŪˣС棿
쿴ɫãңΣ֫Ĺؽλַλ
ĺôɲС
ҫ裬ȥ껹ǻҽʦĹؽƾȽôѵֻǽϣ
ǿЩϼһûйؽƵĿưؽλַλ£˭ٳҪиİ
˵⻰ͬʱʼ۲ķӦ
Ȼǡ
ʱɫһգΣҶˡ
ģҼӿİţҲľ
Ȼʧġ
˵꣬Ϊط˳ȥ
űЦһ仨Ǹ·ˣһ˵ģʵǲӦá
ôû뵽һȥأ
ʲôЧ棬֮·Ҫ
ΰ칫ȴ뿪֮󣬲ϵҡͷ̾
갡µУҲǹǿһе̳
ֻǾǼЩ硣
㣬תˡ
Ŀߣһδ£ûʲô⣬ҪǿƵĴ죬ȱ˵Զ
ͬʱǰ롪
̶ƽﲻɽ¶ˮ
ȴڿҷչ飬ǣͷߡ
ϧˣεôͰҲȥ˹Ƕأ

磬ʮһʱ걻ҫе˿
ɫЩصصΣʮʮֵʱ򣬿˸ؽλĲˡ
Ҹ˺˴źCTȷ˵ģҸλΣûܸλȥֻһˡ
˵꣬ҫֹΣ˵⵽Ǻαذһؽλַλܹ٣ϴʯĲϷҲİ顣
ҽϷʮͶ졣
Ҳ֪⵽ʲô񣿡
һߣһ߳Ǻ͹ǶƷֿƵʱ֫ˣǷ֫˺͹ؽڡ
Ҳ֪ǿƵ֫۵Ĳ˱Ͳࡣ
ǿ֫۵飬ǶƵϺ֪ˣ
Ժ֫۵ĲˣҪˡػǹء
ҫҰҰ죬ɫһγԱ˳ŵİɣǿûˣԼԭǹһ鷳
Ҳ벡ΪʲôԸڹһȥǹǶƣ
б£Ҳ
ҫһۣڵýĻ𽲣ǶƵĻΣֻΪ˹ǶƵķչ˳ȥڵļҵס
Ҫҽ
ȻҲе̫ˣȻǾҪϸִС
ǣҫ軹粵б¾ƾ˰һأ
ȥ˰ɣת˻⡣
νˣ֮ԴӦؽλҪǿ㣬ȥ겻ǲμһҽʦĹؽƾ˸Ƚ𣿡
¹ǽϡżǲġ
һûᡣ㶮ôҫļĳ
ҫɫǱеŹ
ǶȽ
ǶȽ
ǿ齱ǲμ˾õ£ʵǴȥ˾ͼ
һȽȽ˳ŷֿһҾȦ³ӵġ

Сʱ֮
ǹؽרƳ꣬ͷϳЩ΢ϸ￪ʼ
Σⲡûøˣϰɣ
ֱֻӴ绰ֻϣ˵飬Σе鷳ҸλΣҫҲλΣҲûܸ㶨
ӵ绰󣬺ܿؾ˿
ؿ˲˵ƽƬ֮תͷҫ裬ʣλҲ㲻
￪ʼɣԼóȻȥ̶붡ߣǲһȷľ
ҫͷ
㲻ٶ˵ʲôҲҫ裬ҫа취ĻͲڿˡ
ɫ任һ˵ΣҲܹСʹûֹĲˡСҲ겻ؽλһ꣬ʲôҲˡ
ֻסԺȻ취Ͳ̸λɡ
һǾãڿóȻظؽλôӳǡ
ȥһ²˺ͼɣȴ绰ʡ

Ӻ߳˰칫ҡ
ɫЩشһΪѵΣ˺ͼ̫ð
Ǿҧһ˵ַλĻ֮ǰô˵ҪʹôΣǰʹˣ
ҪǾ㰲
ΪʲôҪĥ˼֮󣬲ŸҪƣ
Щ۵ͷʣ֮ǰûͲͨѵҫڲ˺ͼǰʲô֤
ôܣĵص
ʼַλǰѾ͵װףַλоֻתλɲ˺ͼҪ
ֻλǸСëֵ˵ضҽԺܸ㶨飬֪ˡ˿ĶҲеԹġ
Ǳ˼ǣΣҾ˵˰ɣؽλǻ鷳ģǲѧҲʵʵʵģ㻹ţ
㿴ɣڳ鷳˰ɣ
΢˱˫Ŀ˵ٵȵȰɣҸ̶绰ˡϵ˻ƣǹؽƵģҲڹǿƵĹؽλַλˡ
ȰӦȥ˵ɡ
ҲǶ˽⣬Ȼ沢ʣؽַλ£ضһǩˡ
Ǿٵȵȿɣ
ư˽˲ǡ

һܳɵǿһʱ򣬷ֹһƵĴǾȻڡ
ȥȺ꣬ҫ˶һһкԱԼݡ
Ȼ˵⣺ΣΣոʦҴ绰˵иؽλĲˣʦ·϶סˣƻҪһȿ
ܳ⻰컹ûڣ
굱ͰܳĽңܳɵȥ̶߲ҪˣֱӴ绰ꡣ
ûҪ֧
㻹Ҹ̶תһ仰˵Ҳлȥһˣ鷳˼ҡǿûô׵ˡ
ܳ⻰ʱеΪѵͷĭ
ʦҲǡתͷ죬Ȼþô˶ûתȥˡ
ͣŭ𣬵ȶСܣؿȥɡһˡºûϵȥֵİɡ
˵꣬תȥˡ
ܳһʮ־ϵıӰ


һ ǡɡ
ܳԭؿЦһҲֻܳ˽ţȥ
һưѲѾŽ˲ȥˣ״һѣܳƳûƳ˵ġ
Ȼڴ绰ƽ糣̶ո鷳ˣѾҵ˽İ취
ƴ绰˵ˡ
˵͹Ҷ˵绰֣ʲô
˵ͷſܳվЩεؿ
꿴ܳһۣ䶯һǲֻ˵ȥֵɡ
ûϵ
ֻܳܵͷǣõģΡ
ܳһƵΨһһ£¸Ż죬Ͱˡ
꽫绰״һ󣬱Ҳ߽ûٶס
ܳҲֻε߳˿ţȻȸƴ绰㱨
ʦκûҿˡ
ܳɵĻ˵һ룬Ʊ㿪ڵ֪ˣСܣȻؿҰɡ
ڸҽԺ·ϡ
˵꣬̾һ
õġܳڹҶϵ绰֮εͨһ㣬ص˹ǿƶĲ
ʱ滹ڱ༭ܳôбۿһ۵Ե½ʱ䣬شʣܳɸ磬ô͸ô
⻹ţӰ䶯Ƭ̣ܳɼֱͷࡣ
ϵ̨ؽڸλʲôʱģԼȻ֪
ܳ̾һ˶ûͱκθϻˡ
ɫ˻ﰵ˵TMŶ˵ôôܽһһƶ˵Ĺؽλ
ȴ˵κпǣ¼ҽָӾͺˡ
ţܳɵͷŵ磬ȥϢϢһȻµĻͽҡ
ˣܳɸ硣ظһ䡣
ܳ뿪֮󣬲Żһ
ૣҲ֪ôģһƵ˸绰ܳɹȥҪλΣҿҲֱܳӸϻ
ȻˣܳҲġ̶μȻҰȥһƸ㡮̶֤ϿܳɵʵǹһƵ˲Ͽɡ
ܳǰɽ©ˮسһԺСϢ󣬰Ҳը˳
ǾԽԽˡ
Ͼɳ˶ԺоеʦڿȲᣬأҲ˽ΪȣҲ֪ڸʲô
ԼӦһд»û壬صѾգγ˲ࡣ
ٴϣ
ɳ˶ͶϾѾʼԼȻҲõ˺ͬ⣬ԱĻ˺ܶࡣ
ͻȻðһܳɣٴϵôڡ
ڣ
ԼǱȿбȲأٴֱȲܳ
뵽΢΢̾һ
ԼҪϽдܹ꣬еᰡ
ءԼɳ˶Ͼĸоʹž֣ٶ˸ܳɺһţ黹иֻϵ

֣ΰӵ˹Ȼĵ绰֮΢˳ЩϰԼѧѩһԡ
˵СոչθҴ绰ˣ˵һƵδ绰ˣùؽλĲˣʱҪȥһˡ͹ȥǸڶûڲ˺ͼе󡣡
㽲ˣĹǿƣѾкܶûиؽλַλˣôǲеģ¡
㿴˵ûɣ֣ΰһʦôƭı顣
Ԥе׼ɣеNɪѩŪ
ѩļü
֣ΰһƲͣǾֻܶǶˡҿŸ㽲ǶȻйؽƳڣԹ˼϶¡
һֲ007ֵࡣҼƣҲд˵Ĺؽλ
εĹǿƣһӿ̫ˡɣ϶ǲеġ
ǿƵΣϺ죬ʵˣ֮ǰĹǿƼλΣǿ˵ת;תֿͣƾͷֿơ
ٴ飬ֲǿçײеġ
˵⣬֣ΰпʵڹǿƵλλʱʱҶŸղμӹҽԺַλûԵģҽԺһҽڡ
ǵʱǿƵȳƶԲֵҪ̫ߣܹƵĲֶ࣬ЧҲãʱǿڽת͵ʱǶԵġ
ⶼȥ˼ʮ꣬ҪټѾĶʵѾˡһǰѾˣ಻
Ĺǿһˣ඼ٴҽѧרķѹﻹôʱȥרбƣ
һҪǵãٴϣ֣ΪҪ
ѩĵͷȻ˵֣Σǽ˹ؽλĲˣǶǶͰɣ
ͣȻֻͣҪûԴ绰˵ͣǾͲܾ
ûȨǿܾ˵ģֻйǿƲнȨ飬ǼһϵûС֣ΰĺãһܶı顣
ѩļͷȻϾͿмȳ˼ơ
ܹȥһʱ˸ˣϴ绰ƵҽŲؼ顭
ʮҡ
Ǹϵ˹ǿһҲȥͲ˲Ȼ϶ǸΣΣҽӵ绰ˡ
·΢е³
쿴ɨһʱ䡣
ʮ֣Լ̶绰ʱʮһʮġ
ʮŷڣڶ³£Ӽ˿ң϶ûе顣
֮ǰʱܳһơˡ飬Ҳƽˡ
ȰҪ
ͷƣҲû˵֮ǰ̶绰˵ϵֵࡣ
ֻ΢һ˵ΣȴСȥƬӰɣ︺뻼߼ͨ
Ѿ·ˡ
ãҲᣬϾʹƵҽ칫ңһߣһ˵
˵ƽƬǳؽλҫֱ𶼸λΣûλȥ˺ͼܾҪ취
Ҳܾһؼ顣Ȼһɶܻͬпλ
ŻǾַλλλȥ
ַλǰҫѾͲ̸ˣϾǿﳣеĵڶؽλַλҴġ
ֻǣ̸һ£ܷһ¡
ԣüͷҲλؽλ²һ㰡
λһͰһߣһʡ
ɫһҫ˵2ͣҿƬӣҲ2͡ؽڼǼؽλ
ƶʱеؿһۣеΪ顣
˵Σ򵥵ķͣǲõİ
ڷǹؽƵؽڵķֻࡪ
IͣؽλIIͣؽڼǼؽλ
ڹؽҽؽڵķͿɶˣʮ֡
ţȿƬ˵ɣҲ죬ȻǹǿƵĴΣҵרĹؽ֮ԿǿƵĴƳɵĿҡ
ΪؽƵרҵԣʵڼǿ֮
˰칫ңе԰ѻߵƬӸ˵Ļϣֻм򵥵ؽλƬ
ʵ˴ŵġ
ᣬҲû˵ǹǶƵģֻΣöָֻţҲֻеļϣжǶٰɡ
һʱüͷǺݺһ壡
ؽλ
³ؽڷ롪
ҡ
25ؽҲλ
ٿ¹ߣüһȻûۣǶôѵõһ
ܹؽλģһΪ߱ˣᲢۣþûйۡ
ңؽλеͣ˵¹ǼΧλҲû֡
Ǹ֪ΣתƵ˳ؽؽȥˡ
һۺ¹ΧλЩƵϣȫ뻼ʧۣ֮Ǹ⸱ӡ
꣬תͷ˾ջµΣؽλڳؽλII͡ؽڼǼؽλˡ
ƲûΪ죬оһЩֻйؽרҽŻȥעĹؽƵķࡣ
˵¹λ״¹Χλͻ״ǵ¹ΧλƲ¹ΧλȼΪֿڵ˵
ҪһֵĻӦýвͶ෢ؽڡؽλ
˺ͼԸ󲻴󣿡Զֱӷַλ顣
ԣüͷݺһ壺ˣַλ𣿡
ûַλλòð
ڰ⣬ǲ˲̶İָ㣬ġϾϺҲڲ̶ȶȰ
Ϻˣ̶֪֮䣬˽˵ʲôֻһͨ绰
źϺҪһؽλַλɣп⣬£ٻ֣˳ֽڱʾһ̬ȡ
̶ܹṩƽ̨һṩȻֻҪԸ⣬ǿƶԸΪṩһƽ̨
˽¡
Σýô˵أͺñǳĹ۷ͣ󲿷ֵĹˣҲмۣǲڳġ
˵λּ͡ҹȥ׶ѵõͬĲοͣΪΪ
ؽλǼΪĸˣйؽλռ0.2ٲʣµλҹƿһʮ궼ôɺϵ顣
˵ΪˣҲˡ
ɫȴеѿ䶯ͳ鴤һ£Ծñˣ
ôɣ
ǡӡҲ̫ˡ˵й۵Ļô̸̸ֱӿŸλˡ
ûۣҲû¹Χλ֤ؽڲʹṹʵУֻԵλƫλûжѵҪ޲ԭϣӦǿַλȥġ
ǣ
ܣۣǰûҲûͲϵˡ
еڣ˽ڸ˸绰˵꣬ƿƬˣ˵Ǿ̸ˣٿɣǶ˺ͼһ¡
λܲһ㡣
ڵ绰һͷص˵ˣҲ͹ˣ˵ϹһҧȻһĻΪʲôտʼʱû˵أǲҽòһˣ
ңΣ˼е⣬ڴ绰ʺܶˡкü绰϶ǸҽԺҽġҲ֪ʲô
ȷôʶôҽģԣõһ¡
֪ϵͳĻҾ㲻ʶҲи졣Ҳʲôͷô˵š
ȻԵһ˵ʲôû
Զ˵㣬˵Σˣ˵Ϲ120ȳ﹤ģǸˣֹǶӳ
˸ӡһ䡣
˶ļߵҾǰҽԺģǲŪǲ˰βģܵġ
ҺǺҽ׵ģȻĻǲͬǲĴΣڸҪһʱܲˣ֮ǰˣ˵ַƵġ
Ҷ˵绰ɫ˳
ԷѾˣƶԷøôٱЩصλٱЩˣ֮Իûһϣ
û취ҪʦƬӣеʹԿǣһ̫Ľ顣
ƱĿ˼ӣͷ˵ãΣʡ
ոյĵ绰Ҳˣ˵һ߳ʲôëĻǶҲŽģȻܾû߶ԼʦˣɸôŵĻҪһ¡
Ȼ˵Σȥ绰֪ʦ᲻ӡ
ͷȻȻһۣʵƣоɳжŶ
ǣɳˡġڽһ䣬Ȼ˳ȥ
һʱҲƵоĸҽԺˣ˵Ҫûʡ
ʮӺξ˿Ҳȵ˰칫ҡ
ƻû
һͬʱƬӣһ߽ܲ飬һ߽Ƹոյ˵
֮ҲץץͷλҽԺĻܻһַλСѾλĴΣ
ҽ黹̸ֱɣĸλܺҸô꣬û
֮ǰλˣҲ
Цν궼ʮˣȥң̫ʰ
ǶһˣҲһΨһŵˣмӣҲȥ߶
Σ˰ȥͲ˼̸һ̸ɡû˵˼ݵ飬ģҲˣúðЪһ²¡
˵ȲС޴绰ɡ
˵ţƾԿ˽
ôƣʦô˵Ͻʡ
ƾʦ˵ˣλҵĹû
ǿҾܾƵĻתԺҪˡĻ׳ʹԼؽڹǹؽס
ʦҲһΡ
ɫ˱䡣
Цż򣺡⣿

ΣҪתԺϴѧҽԺؽƵĽڣٹһ°ɣ춪ŵݣҲֻϵùԼǮ˹ˡ
ͷĿǰҲֻˣϴѧҽԺЩˣҶ̫졣ʶô
Ҵ绰ȥһЩˣ˹æģٴһתӹȥ绰Ļ̫ʡš
УΣȥϢɣźͺˣ˸鷳һˡ
ЦЦ˵ˣӹǵȷǰЩôӲˡֻҲûܰæ
ִ绰ԮȥˣҲҪԮģҲҪȵʵû˰취Żȥ롣
Ǯһ£ԮĻҲǲʵģñ˾ҽԺôô£Щʲôţʲôˣ

ʮʱ绰Ʊ˵ԼҪȥ￴
Լھֻܳôһţ̫ġ
Ҳ⣬ҶǵһΧؽλĲˣһƳ飬ǶȻҪΪ䣬Ҫڿúõسеֵ
ȥɣҪЩҪٳ๵ͨ飬ϸȷཻһ䡣
ʵҲеɬģΪԼҵҫ裬ơ
Ͼҫʡڲμҽʦؽƴ䣬ùģֻǵĹؽоҲûʵĵط
ڿҫܺû취ȵġ

ʦǶƣڳԷƺ󣬱ϿغԷû
ƼԱ߻һͺӣǽ壬һûӣʣҳԹˡðɣܳȥˣ
ϽĶͽʳܣȻһ߲һ߻˵ã۲ˣպԡ̨
ܳɸȥƻˣ˵Ƕ෢˵ģǹǿƵҵʱں²Ժ̸ܳɸȥ˼ơ
еţΪԼȥ绰Լϵϼҽʦǰܳɸ֧˹ȥ
տİţֻܳؽλַλһɲܵġ
ЦЦ˵㲻š໥æģǶˣȳԷɣȥϢһȻܳɻˣϢһ¡
ȻȥҶ鷳ʲôģ¼ҽΪס
õģʦͷƳţһ

˿̸ͷ۵ҷȥֻýֱ˰˱ӵù߿Ĳ˶ûãƾһ෢˵ģ֫⣬ǵô绰ùǶƵֵҽҪȥ
Լ¼ҽֵ࣬ҫȥҫΪǸ鷳˵ҽˣŲ˵棬ǳ״̼ˡ
Ҳһˣֻȥܼ˰
궼֪ûܹˡ
ڳǰڵÿһ̡֧
Ƶظơ
ƵļȲкܶҵ˶ڣǶǸҽʦڿԼҵд¼ͬʱڸк
Σ
Ρ

жٸ⡣
ǰҽԺְȻ֪ÿҵļܼĸλļҽʦȻԻܼҲΪ
ص˵ͷȻ֣ΰ֣ΰڵǰ޶ԣɿϾվ
˵Σǳ෢ˣĿǰԣѾ⡢⡢θƼεƼڿƵؿһ
ǿصǹ衢лΣ֫пԵˣƽƬCTƽɨ֫йۡ
֫Źؽںλؽλ
Ƕˣ˵ַ֫λͿԽˣȥʯˣ֫ߣ˵һƵʦ
ȻǹǿƵΣ֣ΰͳ¼Ͼߣ껹пܽһεĹǿƴΣϵʱȻԹⲡ飬ѩ˵ǰ
ţǿƵ飬ùǿƿҲͷ֣ΰ˼ǹǶƵ˲Ը⿴֫
ǹǿƵˣҲ֣ΰⲢǹǶƵСҽ»鷳
Ǿһ²ˣһǲҪҴ֫ˡϾлԣǿԵĹ֣ۡΰҲûƬӡ
ڿƬӵʱ̧ͷͿˣԼֻڿ￴Ǹܳɣ
żัε棬˿Ȱʯ߷Ӳϸ򿪱¶˿УȲһ֫ĳȺ󣬼ʯ˻ȡ
󣬱Ա˱˫ĿֱŻԻߵĴȣ
ֱӾͰŹؽڵĺλλȥˡ
Ҹλɹ˼ҽע̧ͷȥ׷üͷ
֣ΰҲͷ
ΣǶζûֻסԺҽʦ˵ҪλҲá
֣ΰţȴͻȻ֡
ȻǳᣬڿؽλַλǶ£ˡ
ǲǹǿҽʦԹǿƵĹؽλַλһ˽⡣
ǹؽƳַλӴҲַ࣬λúòã֪ġ
˿̣ܳɸλǸλɹ󣬹ɹײžʷеֲڹǿҽĶȴΪöġ
֤λɹ˰
ˡ
ȻۿɼģŹؽںλĻΣȻҲʧˡ
˻ԣ޷ʹ飬ܹûʧ⼸λɹˡ
ִ֣ΰĻȻȥƬӣǼעŹǶƵСסҽ
ֻλɹ˫Źؽڸ
֪ܳŹؽǷ񻹴ڿУɹǴתӵλãǸλɹ󣬲Ĵ֮һ֧Լλɹϡ
еķʸ
סҽ񲢲ǿôçײ
ţֿܳڲȵСλãַСȵĺӣסŵĽƣȻһΪǣ
ͻͻ
Ȼûۿ˽״ļⵯ£ƺҲǸλʱۿı־֮һ
ܳȴûֱٸ˴ʯ࣬ɿ֣ٴڽ״֮
Ťתһ۵ķ򣬽ţٰܳѻߵĽ˼¡
˲䡪
ű͹Գһ飬ʧӰ
ܳٴδ⣬Ѹ߷Ӳϵʯ˻֫·ʼʯ
굱ʱͫ΢ţվ
Ȼ˿ʱ䣬ܳɸλλǰ˲ӵĹھͽˣ
ɲǿЦ
;˵
Ϊ飬ۼΪʵ
ܳɣѵĻַλɣ
̶֮ǰһƣǴĿģֻǵæ
ʯʱ븴λʱ࣬Ȼܳɱѩĵ磬ȻһǵøٸһƽƬԼбλƬӰҪ׹ؽλ𿪴˰
ҵȻдڻﴦ档
ʯ࣬ܳɶѩ˽
õģѩʶܳɣȻܳɵרҵԣϿʼҽʲôʱִУǵÿ֢״ҪɵȼŸ顣
ҽ뱸ſţǡ
ܳɱһߵƵʦд¼
֮ǰֻд˳¼ûд¼ѾƣȻҲҪдȥģλԼƽȵȡ
֣ΰ꣬ЦЦΣǿƵҽе㻢
֫ڹǶƵķΧЧôǶ֣ΰÿǵ顣ǻǾбҪ꽲һ
ȴûн֣ΰĻǿҵĸο˹ǿƵСϻܳڵд¼ϾͰѼﲡȸд
ɫгΪɵ֮ɫ
ϾǻԵĲ˰ܳɾȻҶ⼱ҽиλĹ
ǰӣֱ
İĦҲðСʱЧأ
ؽλַλӦ֮һ˰ɣ
ǹǶƵСסŶ
ֱǹǶƵɣǶ֪ǶôҰųġ
ӣλӣʯӣܹʮӡ
ˮҵô㡭
ǲ𣬶
ɣ
ȴû֣ΰֻվ˵֣Σ˿϶Ҫң֮߰ʱԵҽм
Ŀǰ߻Իݿ˵ʧѪҪԭ򣬲ǹǿƵĿԹۣߵɴΧѪ٣һˡ
ֻҪ崴̶ɡ
¼һдġ
˵꣬㳯д¼ܳȥ
֣ΰ⽻һ£ܳɣһ£֣GΡ
Ѿˡ˼֣ΰʱϽȥ̸ܳһ̸
ﻹһѲڵ˵ܳɽйȥҽؾ˰취أ
굽ҽʦǷ׷ãܳҲϽͣʣѼﲡݸ꣬˵Σд
ҽʦĽλ
겢ؽ˹һдŻһ˵СܣȻȱزȥ¹һơ
ܳɾһ£̧ͷ˿ı飬ڿЦƵġ
Ҳ̧ͷܳһۣʣ㲻ÿȥæɡ
ܳɸϽ֣УеģΡ
Ͳ˵ˡ


һ תת
֣ΣҵĻдˣǹǿҪ̨
Ҫģ;ǹǿƵ绰
ҾûҪģҲǹǿƵ绰ϻᰲ벡̸֣ΰ
ܳһԣһ
겻ҽʦùֱһ
ǸʱҪҲȽˣǹǿҪ
ֵѧϰġ
ȻԼҲҪ˵ʱ򣬿϶ܺһֱס
֣ΰͷصõģΡȻ绰
Ŵܳ뿪ƣһ·ϻܳɽ͵Сܣ飬ȥ
ܳæأΣûеġ
˿ȻоᣬȰѻ˵ˡ
ǿϽһؽλĲˣе㸴ӣ˵ļҲΪᡣ
ˣûȽϺõİ취˺ͼͬ⡣óȻȥ
Ҳˣ÷ǳ֡
ڴȥһƣֻ˵ʲô԰æģһƻ㱨һ¡
֪ܳΪϵһ˵óڵĽڡ
ͷصõģΣ϶˵ġ
ʵ˼ġ
ǰܳСס࣬ܳûѧҽв˺ܶࡣ
Լ˵Ĳˣһ˼ͻȻ˵ҪҪæܳҲŰ
ſ϶֮еģܳɿ⡣
ȻҲǿȥӲͷƤ˵ûȤתߡ
ֲǲ̶㲻ңһܶġ
š꿴˿ܳɣֿЦһҲоԼڵΪеЦ
һСʱǰ֧ܳˣְȥ档
ҲеҲû취ˣֻҽ
٣ȷһǣܳɲǲ̶һ߹˵ģܳĶؽλַλ
һˣٿԶһ
ܲܰæҲôࡣ
ˡٺܳɿһ䣬Ͳ˵ˡΪҽʦʵҲ̫棬ȻҲûܳɱ̫ڴ
ܳҲʵʵظƨɺ棬һ·˿
ˣҲǶɢ˿
Ȼ˵ļڲͣȥŵ绰Ҳ֪ھٱˡ
Լϵҫ裬Ҳ뿪˲δ绰Ԯ飬ʱǰѲ˼סˡ
ʡô󣬶ҽƾϴѧҽԺͶҽԺҽԺѾ˰취вʣҲֻܼϣĽˡ
Ļֻˡ
Ϊ˱һȥħ;һˣ
Ҳ˵ûڣûҪġ
칫㷢֣ѾˣȻ˵ǰŲ˵Ƭӳü
һԣҫվš
ʣҫ裬㵽ڽﲡ˵ʱƬûУ
Ǽ򵥵ؽIIλ𣿡
ҫԣɫʮѿҧصΣҿ϶ϸˣڹؽƵķ棬IIͰҺ滹רȷһ顣
ȴ˵ǼΪؽλ³ؽڷ롣
25ؽλ
㿴ˣŪ
£
ҫ赱ʱԿǾ崻ˣΣԭҸڿأ
ƼȻѾ˵ˣô
ҫûػ΢ͷ
Σҡ
ƽǶԵġҫҲ10оǴĴƵоԹؽƵ˽̶ޣȥӦһ´Ƶͬ벡˿϶Ǵ´ġ
Ҫ˵ؽרƳϴҫĲҽ⻰
ٴǽģÿһרƶϽ֪ʶϵؽһרƵˮ˽ĲǱɽһǡ
˵
˵ǻᱻdiaoģƲУʦڣʡȻжؽƵڡ
һҫؽƵ֤飬ֻܻȦﰡ
ţ
̾һ
ҫˣϵˣ컹ҫһλƽ˵һҵĶ࣬ԹǿƸ˽⣬˲ٽ
ҽԺҫһʮҽĽνǰҽԺһ棬Ϊһˡ
ôʱȥҫõЩôģ
һξ;ãԼĿôжؽƵˣȻȥ̯һ²̶ĺô
û뵽Ÿߣͱҫôһ
ҫͷȥЩûڣƽʱͲڿവţơ
Ϊһнʽְĳ̸ϣΪҫ裬˿ĵǰ˺úѧϰġ
̸Ϸʱҫ˵ôһ
ҵ֮󣬲ͬڶо߲ʿʱҪʶ棬ҪپԼĵʦʲôרҵͷҪŹʶ
ؽơơ˶ҽѧƣҪ㵽
أҫԼĵһ̮ˡ
ҫѵɫҲǱһΪҫΧΣСҲǺܾûؽƵˣϲ裬ҲȫȻ
һݺԺ£˵
쿴һ꣬ζ˵갡ãֻ𣿡
ˣ˰ˡҲˡ
һлǵȶҽԺ˵ɣҸոڰƬӷȥˣ˵˵ȿƬӣַܲλ
һֻ̨̨ٹЩ۵۾
㲻ɣۡ
˵ľڵˡ
Ͱ£˵Ҳֻõ취ˡ
ҫ裺˺ͼǱߣ˰ɣ
ҫæ˵ˣԼϴѧҽԺھʶ˵û˵ʲôˡ
ΣȥϢһ°ɣҺҫţȻڵˣ֪ͨ㣬ˡæ˵
áҲǾе㷦ˣۣۡ
ţڲ̶Ϻˣ϶͵͵Ц
Ҳû취顣
һƨɵ˵ǰʼߵƬӣüգ۾оеĪõλҲô׼׸λȥԭ
뿪֮ҫŸҸֱֵͣزŶͷϵϸ
һ粻
ֵҽϵС࣬սսڵǰؿŲ˿͵ȥϢϢ
ȻֹܵĲˣŶĵһ˿ˣȻ뿪Ҵֻϣʱ²ˣȥܣˮ֮С
ܳɲпսվ󣬴ɨһ۲˵ƽƬ
ѾҫĻԺܿȷ˲˵ϡ
üͷһ壬ﰵԿЦҲ֪˵ǵˣǲá
ôʮ֮һļʱˡҪ˵ˣǱˡ
˵ַλǰϺǸѸԵļؽַλɺѵöࡣ
ɨֵ꣬һ֮ܳ˵ס
ʱܳɵĵ绰ͬʱ
ĵ绰ǼƵ֣ΰģ˵ǸոտǸˣѾεȥңиѣųƢѿԡ
˵֪ˣȻ϶ҫԸҫȥ̸ǩ֡
ҫʱɴأ첽칫ȥ
ҫ֮󣬲ŵһ䣺ģţƴͦõġ
Ѷһ
ܵͣҫ϶ܳɺֵҽ϶ˡ
߽ܳӵĵ绰ƴġ
ܳɹҶϵ绰󣬶걧ǸΣ¥ϵĲ˸ˣʦȥĦѧϰһ¡
ڣڣôһƵĲˣͻֲܳ
Ѿ˿ܳҲԼɧ
ͷ飬ҲԼ˵ȡ裬ܳɻûô
ɨܳһۣ˵ȥɡȻҴ绰Ƶʱһ
ϴѧҽԺؽƵڣȻᣬʵѾڵĸְƣҵڻЩġһܺõѧϰᡣ
ĻȻһ£ԼոҲεۣôŰܳңҽأ
ܳڹؽλַλϣһףҲһ˳ˮ飬Ȼܳѧϰһ¡
ллΡ
ȥ˰ܳ

ص˶󣬶˵ܳɸ磬ȥԷɣȻ˶ˡ
˸ˣʦտˣ˵ǿַλ
ȥҲ˺ͼ̸ǩ֣׼ʯЩҪһʱġ
ܳҲصͷأãҲûԱӻеա
ոճԵһ룬Ժ̸;²˲ȥܼֻܳȥܼ߽ϼҽ
ǵöͲ˺ͼףпҪ
仰˵顣
ܳš
Ȼû˵Ƭӣǡ
ΪһƵ飬ܳҲ೤˼ۣ˵ҪԴǶַλԤڡԼӵ¶ȼĹַλҲұ֤еĹ۶á
ҽѧһſѧһѧ
ĴڣȻ磬һΪѤ⡣
Ȼڰٷְ٣϶˵ģܳ˽⵽ģַܹλĹͣʺַλĹͣҪһЩ
֪ģܳɸ磬ʦҽˡɫЦŻء
ȴڸпĹ۲ˣҲҪһ֣Ҳ֪ʱôͺν
˰ɣһ²һ£ϾҲǿϼ˵ˣ𲻱Ҫľףαأ
绰֣ңƵĲ죬ôѡôͶˡ
Ҫ֪ˣҲƷԸôġ

ŰСʱ֮
˫ĿضŵĻĹ۸λĸƬӣԼ۾
Ȼʱƴܳ뿪ķƳƳȥ
ȫζ
ŷ˻ǰĹƽƬһա
ʱ˫ץͷԼ𾪡
ૣ⣿
ôأ
ĹۣôַͨλӰ
õ𣿡
ԲܣԼڶоʱ򣬾û˭˵ַͨλѹôƯġ
ⲻǿԸλɵĽʸλƽƬ
ҪǺõξԲ˵ڿﲻַλ顣
ܳɣʲô˰
벻ͨҲ벻ס
ܳҲоǱԺҽǰƽƽ棬ôԺϢһųͻȻһƵģͻȻ쵱ˡ
һָо
ǾһֱԼԼܳɵ۹ȥܳɵʱеʱ
ܳҲһֱôġ
а
ŶTMѾеˡ
die

ΰ칫ңϺңͲ̶ڣѾ磬Ʋſɳ롣
ȥ֮󣬵̶λ£Ȼܳɣ˵Сܡ
ʵ۵ַλ
ôѧģҿŻдеġ
ڲ鷿֮ǰԼǼַλƽƬʱʵѾˣܳɵַλһ˵Ĳ̫һе̫ˡ
˵ܳԼĥģеֲ˵ȥ
ʦͰٶȿԲ鵽ЩƵ
ʦ϶ҲˣַҲûʲô֮ҶܸҵԭƵܳһҧ
û˵¶ĹַλȻдеģʦȫ磬ĥʮĹ򣬲˾أóϵġ
ܳҲֻô˵
²ѧ
ȻôƿЦܳдʡ
ΪܳɵַλҪĵᣬûôߴϣҲʲôطҪǿָУϾüʮϰġ
Ҫ˵ʲôǻûС
ǳ鴤
㲻˵ˡûȤ
ûУʦҲԸ˵
ҪһؼҰЩռƵ㣬ӡ֤һ£ܳĵһ̹ϡ
ҪǸո۲˵ͣǳ棬ͨͣ򵥳ǹۣA1.2͡
顢λ󣬹ߵĽǶҲܶۡ˵ʵܳɶԣͺ͹ҼһûʲôѶȡ
Ҳû˼
ĹͣܳȻܹҵõһѵĽѧƵ
ݻʱֻҪԸ⻨ʱ;ȥңѵԴɲ٣ܳɲַλĽѧƵۡؽûĽѧƵѾѼȫˡ
͵Լѧᣬˡ
ԼĵԣƶغͲЩƵ
ܳҲΪؿǣҲǲɶεģжҲŵʱ˵ڲڿɣ
ҲҪԷһ
ѧϰǿܲ˵Ұɣ
ֲ٣ôͲܶܳһأ˾ѭš
غأһֱܳıֵԭ֮ǰ£ͷǳأƺͲ̶鷳
Ȼˣľֵܱľͱ֡
񣬷ܳ£ٵ⡣Լᣬȵ
ǰʮ궼ԣܳɲ⡣
صˣ͵סӺͼįġ
ȴͻȻһ̣˵ҷѧƵⲻҪ
ȻҸ䣬ҷһЩ
㲻˵ǶŽѧƵ
ܳһЦŹ֣ллʦ
˵ˣһǸؽλ㿴𣿡ͻȻʵ
Ϊ֮ǰܳɴ绰ʱܳ˵ڹһơ
ܳɵͷˣʦ
Ʋɫʡ
ܳصؿһ£ջǾ̹ס
ƺͲ̶ԼˣжھˣֻҪȥȥԼ֮飬΢͸һףûġ
ɡҲ˵գһԡܳȻԼء
ϴҲô˵ġζ
ܳɻԺЦ
ˣ˼Ѿ˻ˡǿҲҪַ֫λˡ
ɱҵӡ΢ЦŽ
İʦһ㱨ܳһԹıԵͷʵϡ
⻰ЦݽӲʮֺݺݵץһµء
ɫ˵λ㱨
ֻܰѲ̶ˡ
ã
ȥϢһ°ɡ
á

ܳ뿪ΰ칫Һһ󣺡˸ӵģҿЦء
˵Ĺؽλַλңⲻô
ǰʦ˵绰ȻͿӦˡ
ţƱ˳˼ɫΪ
ʦ˵ַλҲרҹֲðǶʮ꣬
ܳɾȻ˵
ļٵģ
ϧԼʦǼ꣬ʦѾؽûСַλˡ
ֻлʦѧ˼ΪӵĹؽڷޡ
ûֲЩԵĶڿؽûһᷭˡ
ȻרҵĹؽҽ

ʿѧλûõ
ϴѧҽԺȥ
Ĳ˼š
軹ҪտҽƷÿ¶Ҫôࡪ
鲻ҽᡪ
ھȻһССסЩķ棬סβ͡
еηηŵģҲ֪ʦֵ֪ˣ᲻Цҡ
ոմ绰ʦǱܲȥ飬ʲôʱȥ˳㰲Ź
ֻԼ裬ܾתԺô
Լȥˣ׬Ǯǹ
뱣ķھТô
ȥ硣
Ǳߵݲô׽Ǿ˾˺дţҰĸ״ȥħô
֮Ҫڿż¹ؽλַλΪѲ̶
ܲܲҪ˹ǶƻŹؽƵͷ
һǹؽ׵Ĳ˽£
˳ҲܶǮ
θڣ෢תơ
谡ϰʱô˳Էأ
Ƶ۾ͻȻеɬɬġ

1341
ǿһ
ɫظ˵˵ûգʱ
굱ʱվȻʲôڶˣ
ͷεǰڻ˵ʹΣ˵õѡ
ַλĻΪðգѾĴθλѾ˲ˡ
Ҳ˼˵绰ǱߣƺȶøӲܽˡ
Ӿʣڶˣ
ڣϴѧҽԺؽƵΣҲǵǰϴѧҽԺĹǿΡĿǰϴѧҽԺؽβп
Ϊ˶ǹؽƳͬǹǿƵΣңһǸԺһԺ˵֮ղգ
˶졣
˿ͷƤͷƤٵͺˡ
꣬ҾǻҪżעһ¼ҽҪŽº˵Ĺµˡ
ںڶüѸλĲˣҫȥ˸λҪǲ˼ҿҲԽܡ
ģȥͲвеˣ
ɫһ粻ѹΣҫϾεġ
ȻѾˣҲ׶ӣڿö˵ʲôһ㣬Ҳİ
ңʵڽϵʱ򣬾ͽˣǿƶûнֹؽλˣⲻǡ̿ʼ
ģ㲻ܹʺӿͷϰΣ˵ҪڿؽλַλҶ˲ø㲻ø㣬ƫҪ㡣
顮ؽƵҫˣͷϣ
ܴӦô
ɫһ
ΣҲںֱ˭ε飬Ǹ㣬Ҫһˡ
˵𣿡
ȴѾҡͷˣֻ֪˭ǰɣ
ԺˣҪ
ǲҵ飬Ҷһ˹ˣ콲꣬ת뿪˰칫ңֱȥ
ȻǶеʧġ
ɫһ׷ȥſס죺Σ˼ˡ
£˵ˡ
ȻȥͲ˹ͨȥ취ֻ鶼
һͷ˹ǿεİ칫ң֯ȥˡ
꿴ıӰ΢еڣڸոԼĻе̫ˡ
ԼҪΪǿһδε飬ЯΪ϶ǲģԼҫӣܿ
һܴɹʶôελñȻṰøǶƵˡ
Լ£ֵе㲻ʹˡ
Կǣתȥ̶绰Բˡ
1355ֵʱ
Ҫȥ̹ˣ֮ԵһӣǸ˼һ侲ʱ䣬˳㣬ڿҲ˼΢һ䡣
ȥ˵á
ŸճţͿܳˣƿѹĶ˵һ
̱䣺ƣɲǿЦİ
Ʊ㿪ֱ˵ΣȻǿЦôȥͲ̸Ϊʡڱ۴£ַλˣֻǶ
Ƕԣ˿ԽûԸλѡ
ûλɹҲǶһγԡ˼ͣջû취ˣֻܿλˡ
Ҳ˵ùȥأ
ԣ˿ܳɣܳڹһ￴￴һӡôôΪһҽˡ
ңܳɻ˹һƣ˻ȥˡ
ⶵתתһȦѵҪƵͷˣ
İɡ
ȥͲ˹ͨһ£Щϻǵϡ쵰۵ؿЦһ󣬱ȥ˲

̸Ḷ́Ȼ˳
ҪΪڵĴȻ˼˶࣬Ҳ֪ĶԹؽ⵽˶ˣڶ˵û취ַλ顣
ôأ
Ҳˣ󣬰ҽԺ϶õתȥҽԺô鷳㸴λԲǺõġ
֮ǰַλ飬ⲻҲǳôֻǻãĸλӳɹʡ
Ҳֻͬ˵Ϊ˼θλǾͲˡ
Լţۻϣں᲻ٱҪҪŪһ¹ǿЩˣǺˡ

1428
ΪĹϵƵ
Ҳһңǹǰ׼ǰеҩƷҲü׼
û취ȻںϵûһôˣһҵĴΣϵڡ
໥Ǳġ
ҫ趼ų̂һΪƽĹϵ̶Ҳң׼ʱ˵ǸͬʱҲǸƵͦӡ
̨ݾΪˡ
ҽʦͬʱ̨ϣΪӵġ
еʿҲˣ
ѲҲˣ
һо͸һ¡
˿ǰ͸ӵƽƬ󣬷ֲ̨سţƺΪеί
˽ֲ˲۾ᣬЦ˵λΣǰõ㣬ֻû뵽ûӹ̨
˵ɫһҲֻ΢̾˿
˵һᾡġ
ƵǷǳе߽ǰܳɣһﲻ˼ˡ
ȥһΰɣ
п̨
ܳҲǱ˵ĳԲֱȥ
ٴ˻صCۼ䣬ٴƶһƽƬλ߽󣬶Ƶͷû˵
ֻǵ̨ԣŶƽʦҪؽڴķǣȻǰǰ֮һֽڵ㣬ڽԽԼ4cmǣ
ãƵͷΨܳǴӡ
ܳɱȡףݸһԼϺ
Ѿؽڴǣԥ
˫סǣͬʱ˫Ĵָס³ؽڸ
ֻ΢ġաһ
³ؽڸλɹ
˶ɫһɫԾ
ȫǹǦһã죬໴ĳ񣬵ʵѾ񡭡
ҲƬ̣ܳȴ̧ͷһۡ
ǳ⣺Ҫж
Ǻǳ⣬ǽ飬Ҳǿڡ
æ˫ǣ
ܳɰѻߵĳطת˹΢ǣ֮
ٴηգһ
˵񾭶ʱһ顣
ٵǰǰ֮һ㡣
ƸϽ
ܳɰѻߵ΢һؽڴǸĴָĦһٴη˼֮ǰ΢СЩĵ
ܳɱʾƿжˣȻ΢΢˫ĿֵĴĴָͬ˫һڻֱֵ󸽽ţô˼


һһʮ ¶£Ϸȫף
졢̶ˣǹؽƵĿưǹʱѧֻǱƣٴҽѧƣͳѧϰģоҲǹ֮󲹵ġ
ȻרйؽƵģٴô꣬ԹؽλĻ⻹еġ
ؽλҪĸ󡪡
ΡʹޡӰѧʾλ
Ĵ棬ڡ
ؽλλɹı־ҲĴϢϢء
ʹᡢָ
ڻѾ˱۴ͣ综߻ܸоʹͻָĻǾƵ㼼ˡ
õֻʣ
֫ΣۿɼĻʧ
ۿɼĻʧ紥ɴؽָĽṹ׼
˶ֻ˻εʧ˼Է˲֪ת
תͷ˲̶һۡ
λô㶨ˣ
ʼ̶ͰܽɵǰǸˣȻֳ˺˶۶ӣ
̶æ˵ΣΣ֪ܳɻַλģһʱͰ˽˹һƣ
Ȼ˵ЩѾˣȽɡ
˵̨꣬򿿣ȴܳɸ׼顣ҲCٴν͸֮ǰĵڶȷؽλλɹ׼
ܳɲδ˵Ⱥܾãϸؼ³ؽڼؽڵ֮ǰλƽ󣬽ؿһۣÿλá
˵ʦΪҲ
ٸһΰɣһ㡣
ֿܳǹƵǰŪǾôƵĿ˵ŷ
ΪԿó˸ƣƾߣûҪٶʲôᡣһ飬Ѷʱ䡣
ҵˣû˭ʱǺĲģֻҪѲ˵λãٶൢСʱû⣡
ƵͷȻʼ飺³ؽƽѻָ
λؽ棬ָ
Ƶ飬ǽڴˣչΪĹؽҽĹרҵԣǾͻ߹ͷѺ³ؽڵȶԿɡ
޷ϣȣȫֱλΪ0㣬0㡫60㣬0㡫50㣬ƫ0㡫30㣬ƫ0㡫40㡣
˽֫ھҺУ޷ԱȡȾΧڡ൱רҵ󣬶Բ˽
꼸˿˸ʾȣһһ˵ʱһ
λ֮󣬾ܹôõıȣѾǳˣٿڴһˡ
컹Ҫ˵ʲôʱƵּͬʱʼ
ҿ˶˹̹޷ϡ
ԣʱµıһͣ˵ɶʲôҿ˶˹̹
̶Ҳ͡
ѡ˼
Kirk Watsonԣ
LaneKirk Watson
ٴ³ΪרҵʣȻҲƺǿãȻΣܳЩжģƺ˵ӡ
˲˵ס
мһ֣֪ûУؽԼǳרƵ֪ʶϵͳϵġ
ܳɵı飬Լļ鲿λĿģȻϸΣʲôҰ·ӡ
̽ܳɵĵסƱûҪټΪͲ̶ˣǽֱӼ˽˵
г飨йؽɳڡ
λ飨֫޳߲ƫ
֧λ飨ͷ׳ǡ¹Ǽƽṹָ
ɳ¹ǡǹǡ㶹ƽṹ쳣
ChrisBain飨¹ǡǹǡ㶹ȶԻָ
ټ飨ޱλ
߳飨
飨DRUJؽڱλ
⣬ƻŪһ£ƺҡҡͷתͷΣΡһЩߵǰʹо޷ϣҾǿԽһ͸ˡ
ǻбҪЩʲô𣿡
ôԭˣֻǼ򵥵ŪԼѧʶΪ̶Լһ൱רҵĹؽҽǹǶƣԿʼһЩؽƵרƲˡ
ܳȻֻһСס࣬˹ؽλַλʵǵҲȷַܳλòá
ȷҲ˵ȷȷΪרҵġ
ϾҾϵͳԵ飬йعؽȶԺʹ̼ӦļЩ֧ڵ۵㡣
ƿʼ˵һѺֿڵרƲʱ꼸˱Ϊ
ҲʲôСˣʵ̫רҵˡ
ͺñȹؽһĻô̶ֻڹתһȦҪ˽⣬ۻȻôϤ
⻰һɫһҡͷ˵ҾòòˣѾϸˣC͸Ӱɡ
֮ǰεʱﶼû
˿̵Ҳһ䣬ƣҲڲ䣬Ѿľǹġ
꣬Ǿˣһ룬ɳһ£ȻƵݹѽԼһ˽ӰҲҪǸһķ
̶ҡͷ˸С۾صС޽ľΪģĹؽڲˣ֮ǰС𡣡
˵̶꣬ԼҪ˵׵㣬ֲ䣺СҲЭġ
ͿξļҪû
ϾεģҲԽ޴ҡ
̶˿ľúˬ档
֮ǰ绰˵Ʋʱ򣬲̶ʵġ
鷳ӵһʱˣ㻹绰˵ҵĲǣӷ
Щ˵˿ÿ԰һԼᡣ
ʲôרҵ
Ӵ˶רҵκܡ
굹Ǵ˿û˼ȥĦ̶ص˼̶˵ģֻ˵λԺĽǽڲҲǽ
ϽȻרҵģǾרҵ˵Cۣ͸Ӱɡ
͸꣬ԣҲȥ˼
Ѿ˺ͷˡ
̶ԣҲöིʲôϾѲػʿ׼͸ӣȻȥCۻ
״ӧCۻ
˶гȥ˸ڵĵ䡣

͸Ӻܿ죬ġ
꣬컺һƽƬ˵е
ûȿڣǿƣʣƣаɣ
Ҳеˣ֮ǰ飬Ѿܼ򵥵רҵˣԽҫ˵ԼؽƣֱǰŪ
ƿƽƬ죬ܳɵļ
ʲô㣬󸴲ƽƬܺ벻ã㶼ҪԺסϰߡ
ǴͽѧҽԺҲǰѧϰʱһϰߡ
иĽô벻ãҪȸͣ˵ںδôҶܹˣ¼ҽѧϰȥһ̨ãﲻá
òãҲ˵Ȼнڻɵġ
ȻǸڣҲԼе⣬Ǿû취ˣֻܴһӲͷƤȥ
ٺ٣ҲС
ǿ͹ʵҲǲ̵顣
ԼʦԺʿŶӣΪĹǿŶӣֳŶĲͲ֡
٣Ҳڡ
ܳϸͣΣΣʦʦҾøĽǺõģΪ㿴³ؽڡ
ƶôˣܳҲؽ󸴲ƽƬϸؽ˿ԿļطЩط׶Щʲôá
ע1ŲƽƬͲϸֽˮˣר飬Ѿʾרҵԡ
ע2йǿרҵѵˣҿ԰ƬηȥװƣЩǸɶġˣ߲ˣԼȥٶȻ߲רҵϺס
ע3
ǿԿ
ܳɺܿؽ뵽״̬ϾͲܳڸ꼸˻㱨ˣǷתܳڸĸ˽Ρ
⣬ؽλǸʲôӣȻλ֮ʲôӣؽλַλ󣬻ΪˮףĹؽڽṹЩˡ
ܳɽе̫ϸˣҪΪ켸ŷ
ҲǸѧġ
ɽһַ˷ۡ
ܳɣ͵ˣôզզϽκζиԵˡ
ﰵܳɣǲ˰ҲŪ㵹ãֱӵʦϿˡ
TMֻҵ㵽Ϊֹôǻʵ䷴ģûܿҪͷٽôǱϾ¼
ܳܽ᣺ΣΣҾÿȥ˵ѾȡƳɹˡ
ȵľ仰ͲͬʲôؽλַλҲǹһƵĵڶؽλˣҲһˡ
˼ܳɱƱƣ֮ԿţΪܳɸѣҷϼҽʦƢ
׳нһУȻʩչ
ɱϾ̶͵ţô̶϶ῴġ
Ͽ˵õģʣµֻҪٴʯͿ˰ɣϴ绰ʯࡣ
ܳɰôæپԼΣҲܳʯβ
ҫ˾һ˹ʯͿˡ
ܳץץӣ˵Σò˼Լһؽ֧߰ɣʯ̫࣬õġ
ȻʯǹǿƻʵԷǳ㷺ĸߣǻʹù㷺ͺá
ؽڵĹ̶ѵĻҪ֧ߣɶƵ֧̫ˣϿֿԵġϣǶõ֪ʶ㡣
ãæͷ
ؽ֧ߣõġ
֫ĹۣҲָ֧ߴưʯ࡭
Ǿ൱ûʲô¾ʹ˽ˡ
Ʊذܳɸˣǽңȸ˲Ϣ
˵ʱһ㶣Ȼ𾪺ͲţϾͼÿĲһһҪˣɺֱɽһ
ȻָԲҪˣֱ̫ǰһˣǺ£Ȼ˵Ҫֲִˡ
̶һߵģҪƺܳ뿪
µ¥µĸҺ˲ûл·Ƕˡҡһ˵һúõطһ顣
Ϊˣ컹ǲ̶Ϊͷ۵顣
ʱûˣ˸ӣŰŶסˣȥֳ̣ϵ̻Ҹϵȥ
Ȼ̶˵ڸҴ绰˵Ҫǳ濪չۺλıƵ飬ǿƿܲϲˡ㵽ʱҸתһ£ǹǶƿܵһ
Ͼǿƻǹ˹ؽƵӵġҲǲﶡڵæ
˵⣬һڣȻǱߣԼ绰ԽͰɡ
û˵Լʵ̶ȶȣ˼Ȼ˼ô˵
̶ȻͷһʼûһҪ֫Ĺؽλַλ͹۵ıƣ֮ϺҪϣͬԼ顣
Ϻ˷Ҫһŵġ
õģΣһ˵µġ̶Ҳûֻ
ǿȻ˿ƣÿַ飬ǴϹͷŽһپ١
߳£ҽԺ϶ֱӽͣǿеıơⲻǲ̶ϣġ
ͷغһǰһ
Ϊ䣺ƣܳɣǲɶõ˲Ű
ǰҽԺĹؽĿǰΪհ׵״̬ϣżһؽûĲˡҺ˶ûľˣ֫ˣѾͷ۵ˡ
ˣҪúðգ˵ÿҽԺڹؽƷ棬иÿͷ
ɳиҽԺңҵĹʡڶԽԽ棬ûתԺĹ۲ˡңĲ̫ࡣ
ԼȥҲˣĲԴҲ·
˵⣬ֲɫʣǲȥŶڷչ˽ú̸һ̸
ǱԺҽȻģΪ£ÿ˽Ҫԡ
ֻ֪оǹؽƵġǵõƵʱ򣬻ʹҽԺѧϰĵطһ۵𣿡
Ƶʱҡͷʵ˵ܱǸΣоʱŶֻؽڷ档ٽӴ۲ˣҿѧ
Ȼͱ춪ȥ˵ʱǸεĲ̶ֻû뵽
ڹؽƣȻĺרҵ֡
̶

Ҳ㶪е㲻á
Ǻ̶ѹؽһհ׿չõġ
̶С۾գգͣͷһȻ촽˵Σ˽º㽲һ鰡Ҿ϶ųȥġ
Ҳ֪ΣǸȽϸҴˣĻҲԽ˵¡
ͷ˵ɣ̶Ҳʲôʵˡ
첻̶֪ǲڰӴ󣬿ûؽƵˣ͸ȥһ飬Ҳȵ˲̶ĵ׵̶Сô
С
ܺá
ҰҽԺĹǿƣȱ
ڲʶơǴ㰲ţ¸ܳǰIIIȨ顣
ҪԽIIIȨǵȸܳõIIȨһڴ֮ǰҲҪܳһЩIͲ
¡̶˵ţ£ɫƻá
춼еϲò̶ˣȻ˫ֽӲͣ˵
ӡ
ŻһµؿڵҪܳɰIIIȨ飿
ҽԺԽڰнеģôǰأ
ԽIIIסԺҽʦԽIIЩܰġҽôǰȨ㱳
ҪҲ͵͵ϼŵףû顣ȥҪȨҽͬ⣿
̶ЦЦ˵ⲻҲûȥҪ
ôõģȻҪҽԺҽȻܳɵĺȲǡ
ұ㣬ܳɻһI󣬾ͺƤ㣬һȥҽһˣ֮飬֮ȡһӵġ
Ȼ˵⣬ֱ
̶һϵ˼һ㰵е˼
ŵһ棬ڴܳǰIIIȨˣҪǰܳõIIȨźá
ڶ棬ܳ񻹲ҽԺԱţΡ
̶ɴʲôˡдܳóᣬ͸ףҪܳɣԭġ
ΪΣ̫ˣȻײ̶ﻰ˼
ֳĬһӣ֮ٵһͷ˵̶Ҷ˼
ܳǷǳ㣬Ҳǲ˲šôڲ˵
ıƣѾ˶ˣǳʡź
ⶼʲôʱˣ
ʮ·ˡ
ʱ̫ˡ
ҽԺıֻϺһаţϺĹҲˡ͵ȿˡ
ڲ̶ͻȻɱ˵ܳɵ飬װ붼ûˣ˵ˡ
Ҳˡ
ϴѧҽԺĽڣȻҪǰܳɰIIIȨ飬ʲô˼
Ҫôܳ˽ӣҪôܳɵǿǿõ˶ֵϿɡ
ǰߣָܳҽԺֱһжͳϴѧҽԺˡ
ȻѾæ濼ˣܳʵҲöֻɷʡʲôġ
˳Ƭ̵ҪɣܹܳõڵĿأ϶ǹصġѾȷ飬ʵҲøġȸһԺƸ
ͬͬꡣ
ڵĸüЧķʽ㡣
ƵĻܳΪһ˳λǡ
˺ģһò̶ΪĲʽ
̶Ϊؿ죺Σ⣿Ҳ̫
˵ҽԺͿҪչƽ̨Ҫܰƽ̨ģֻ˲š
ֲɵӡ
ҲϴѧоͲʿмܹõϰŵǰȨģ
ܹõٵˣǰҽԺô
ܳɼȻǽˮ¥̨Ҫòܰס
콲ϵĻǺݺݵһ̣˵ҽԺȻҪ˲ţҲͬϣҽԺְۺѧõ
ǻҪԺ쵼Ŀǵġ
оƣҽԺĹ涨涨ģǻġ
ܳ󣬻취ŪһоְѧɡҲýЩ
⻰ֱǸ˲̶ӣҲۺϿ˴֣Ѿ˲̶ϡ
̶ϵͷӦͣõģһܳɽġԺ쵼ľߣ϶ǺõģҲᾡӵġ
ҾСܣлл˰
̫ˡ
ƵĺôʲôһظȶֻҪﵥ涼ܿ㣬൱һ滤
ܳɻϲȥǱ濪飬صĸԼЧķʽţ൱ǿǮܳȥЩظ
ѾˣڿıƣѾҪĸģϺҲãҲã϶ΪΪѣ̶Ҳ
Ϊ˵ΪܳɵѧأﱻסˣЩѾϺϵˣ϶ΪҧܳñƵĿԡ
ľܲòҪ
ϺˣȻΣʵҲס
ôѾǹǿ֮ˡ
ͷ˵ţԺ飬ôŰɣϸĸܳɽһ¡ϣǵѴҲҪǶӡ
⣬IIȨ飬㵽ʱ򿼺УһȥҲϣϺ
ҾͲţǹǿΣλϹǿƴڣҽӶ
ʲô飬ǹǿƲǲȻҪͱҪ
˺ĵľ֮ǿ̶Ĳص
ǣ̶ҪȰѳ˵ǰͷ
һԸ⻳ɿֵܵˣҲ
ٸƳһҫĻҾͰ㣡
Ӱͷ¾ơ΢˼֡
̶һ㶣졣
Ϊóµˡ
棬ҡҡͷ˵ǵҲڣεͷ¸꣬ɡ
Ұ¡λô顣
콲̶ֿ꣬ɫ˱䣬̶㲻ܿװǰ
ڿ£Ѫ㲻һ仰Ѫ
ҽ㲻ܽܵĻôʹգ㿼ּۻ۰ɡ
ıҫӵòˣǷڽ졣
ܲС㣿
ֻҲ̶ԥΪܳɣԸԸԼǰ;ͬҲڸ̶һ⣬Լϵˣ㵽˲˽⡣
뵱꣬εεʱ򣬶ô򣬿ɱȽҪݶˣ˼ܶš
̶ƨ̻ҸףͷЩϸð
̸ǿЦģ飬ôܿЦ
ʲôˣ
ս˶ֵ绰͸ȥƹȻҪ˵ĺˣԼЦ
ֻΪܳɣ
̶˼һֺݺݵص˵ͷΣѡܳɣ
첻ɫ̣߳ˡҡ
Ųȣʲô˼ı仯
棬̶ıش󣬵ֵСܰɱʧ
ڣҲҪ⺦ңʱ˵һ㿴˰
ҿǰȫΣˡ
ֻҪǶںԼЦܳСӾ˲ˣֵİţԼǱҪȡһµģڶԸΪܳɱߣԼΪβһء
ѵãݼš

ܳɺ߳Һ
ƫͷܳɣո˵ЩרƼ飬㶼ʲô˼𣿡
ֱܳҡͷʦոսһСӢֵĲ֪ķûôǸ飬Բµó
ܳȻӢˣؽλַλѾﵽǲΪԹؽλԼ⣬ʵǾͼסĸ鵽ĸģֻǰѼĿЩеס
ܳԸĻҲȥһZHOUԣԳ
ҪӴĹؽλĲ˵оȻҪһĽλ֮󣬲ȥЩ顣
ģ⸱棬ȻǾĹܳûм䣬ֻƼصļ⡣
ģ⸱˵֣شܳЩ
ƶʱ˷ۣⲻһ
Ҿô˵ӢĶѡ
Ҳû˵ԼѲ̶ؽƹؽơ
ţƻһת˵ոѲεгȥƻԺ飬ԺúڴһµŶ
ţϣɡܳҲ˵ͷ
˶֣ɶԷûҪѧ˼
пһ汾ʾΪ˹Ϊ
ܹڰҽԺҽԺƽ̨öˡ
ܳôشһ䣺ûпǹԺѧҪôѡ񰡣
Ǵ̽ܳɵĿǣܳȥеĻʵذĿʡڵġ
ܳɿЦѾʮˣʦ
˼ǣȥпʮͷˡ
ܳɻǲȷʵ뷨־Ҳٿɣһһ
ƿóܳже뷨ģֻǰ
֮ǰ
֮ǰô᣿
Ҳҡҡͷ
㲻ټˡ
ȻؿֵװɣϵĻ㡣ƽŶܳ˵
ܳɸϽҡͷʦãҾסȻȥͻϴ·ʦȥúϢи㲻ģ鷳ˡ
ЦԼȥϢȥֵ࣬£
ԣͷ䶯һ
Ȼ˾ģбܳɣСܣ˲˵̹ס
ƾ£̹ܳ״ӿ
ǣ㲻ĲˣҪ绰˯𣿡
ܳɻشбҪаɣҲֻܴӦá
ܳҲͷ˿ı飬Цһ£Ҳͺܶµػ˵ʦҵĽתأ
Ҿ÷ǳãصص˵ͷӦ
¶¡
Ϸȫס


һһʮһ ¸
ܳɸϻعǿƶϢңſ˶档
бϢûֻܳɺæܳɴкܳɸ磬ˣ
ֻ֪ܳɱƴˣǾܳǱƴȥʲôȴǲ֪ġ
ţ˼˰ææܳʣȻҲһߡ
æڣзûôԺãܳҲΪеˡǵúúϢһ£֪ϻܲϢء
ȻĹ۲ˣܴɹؽλĲˣɲΪʱϣͲ
ãڲ²ˡѾˡ
лл㰡ܳɸ磬æĻһ֪۳ʲôءֶܳɵл
Ӧõģ̫ˣ硣ܳһ䣬˵磬Ϣһɡ
áҲôģֵʮСʱʱ򰡣ͲҪʱˣʱ˯ʱԷʱ򣬾͸ϽԷᡣ

֪ʲôʱϢҵžͱ˿
̶С۾ܳ˯ţ΢ҲûܳɽѣŸϣֱ߳˿ҡ
ܳ˵ģܳڶôˣȻҪҲڷǵܳɽף콲ҲһģҲͬһ顣

̶뿪ҽԺûãǿƶĲƿ߽һˡ
ߵҽ칫ҿ˿ûˣ΢һ£ֵĻʿǿƵСҽڿ𣿽ֵɣ
ֵĻʿʶģվ˵ΣֵǺĶҽСҽҿʼһۣ֪ڲڿҚG
ҪҪ绰
ꡣ
Ͻ˵绰ˣȥϢҿɣڿˡ
˵ֵ꣬ҷȥ֮һ䣬Ҫȷǲֵܳ࣬ԼҲˡ
ڵõĴȴ񶯡
ֵĲܳɣܳȴܹؽλĻ̶ϺĵӴ󰡣ֱӰܳɵֵԴġ
һĻԼ㣬΢һˡ
ƿϢźͰѶܳɶ˶ˡ
ܳҲֵˣһϢҵƿһĪطӦ
һӦӦÿֵҽеְҵӦ
̧ۣܳͷʹ´̧ͷӦԼֵ࣬ȥ
ֱӺһˡ
۾ʼЬ
û˽ж棬˽˶󣬵ǲǳϢˣ
飺أ
öҸϽЬվ
ûûУΣҲˡ񣬻չӣ֤ʵԼα
ܳĳƺҲǸϽȻ´
ƣģһ´һߴЬкΡ
꿴ܳ´ˣ˵ãˣСܡȥһ˹һô
õĺõġΡֻܳΪȥ󸴲Ƭӻ۲˵ġ
һһߴһЦȻգϽ˰칫ңΣ
ܳҲ˹󣬱ʣΣǲ˵ô
ǰţȥҰ칫ңİɡ
ܳɾͲ˵ˣֻǡ
һ·꣬˲¥µĹǿһĴ£ΰ칫ҳֱ룬ûȥ˵˼
ţظܳɵһˮȻܳ¡
Σɡܳɲֻɷֻ²֪⵽ʲô
ܸо֮ⲻھơ
ȥûбƤοϣشǰؿ˵СܰҼǵãǰǿֹƵİɣ
ţΣһƵģǰءܳ˵
ڴܹסܳɿɼǵúԼȥЩңЩڡ
Ҳ˵ڹһƵʱ겻ãǴԶ̶
Ǻôأɫɫ糣ʣںܳҳ
ҲǴ˹ܳɵһЩϸڣԲŶһʡ
ܳϵĻ˶ֽ֧֣ôεĿԣһЩټԼӪԲˡ
ܳһ˵ʦʦãʲôʱԻȥұصϤĵط
Ҫǰڲʦϰˡ
ܳ˸Ƚ˵ǡ
Цŵϰ˶ǿϰߵġ
ԺɼҰЩ¶ϰߵģ˿ɲҪŰݰ
Сأ
ܳ΢΢ţڶ·
Ҳ˵꽲Ĳԣ˵ӵģе̫˰ɡ
ܳɱԭֹԼٰܲϰдʡ
ͼذذʾ˵СܣӦ˵ҽԺѡһԺɣ
ǰҽԺĹǿƣô
ܳʱһšȻԼǱͼġ
ֻ˵ѧϰĵطܺѽʦҲͦãҴôãҲϰ
˵ϰߣָϽ˵õģҾ÷Χǳá
˳ܳɵĻ˵ǰɣǰҽԺƽ̨Ƿǳзչǰġ
ǰҽԺȻȲĶҽԺҽԺҲҽԺĺôǾǹǿƵһЩרƣڿհײΣˣǾǿ쵼ߡ
ƽ̨С׾ܹĳɼġͺñȣǲ˶ҽѧؽƵȵȡ
ǿҶⷽ淢չġ
ڸܳɰʾҲ˵֣ҵ뷨ʹ㣬ǹǿƼ֮Ĵ͹滮ˣһ죬ġ
꽲ʵܳȴûأֻǰпࡣ
ռū飬ܳģңԼûͻʱĹ壬ûѹŶ
ԽͰһЩϸڵ⣬̿˵
ǹǿƣ
һһǿǿƱΰһģң
ıƣѾϴѧҽԺһоϵˡ
ǿεıƣҲüĿһֱûۣڸšҲκǰ˰ʲô
һȫƾ˵ľ˭㣬͸˭ĵظܳɽһЩñ֪ܳ顣
˵ʵ֮ô˵ôĿĵġ
ϺҪñޣǸĿģԼѱƵԷųȥΪ£֧ˣҲعǲԺģһĸǺ¡
ôҶ겢һ˽ˣʲôʲôһƾʵ˵ΣһƵġ
Ϻ֪ûһ㣬ˣǾңԲűȥ׶
Щ궼ܣҲȥܡ
ܳԣԺЦһֶ˵
뷨Ҫûκ˼ҽйأ
伢
÷ֹʣ
ֶΣǻ޳Щ֪
û룬һƵ뷨أ
ȻǿҾǸͻġ
ڱԱԺƸ֮仹вСĲġָ˵
˼ǣǶܸģֻԺƸˣҿԸơң̶ܸʲôIIȨЩҲܸ
ȻЩ󻰣ܽôֱס
ܳͷ촽˼ܶһ˵Σ˵û뷨ǿ϶еα
Ҳ֪ҿ̫ܲ񣬱ϾҽԺӲ涨￪ԵдšȡԺͳԼԤˡ
ңҿڹ󣬲ѡ
ܳɵ˵ǣ겢֪붡֮䷢飬֪ܳʵѾҪ˵ġ
֮ǰоûȥһֱǸźܳҲԼô˵ķС
Լѧȥѧϰһֱҽѧ;˵ôѡ񲻶ԣǲǵ˵ǰ̡
ûĸɷλ˵ֻ
ܳ⻰ȷеԤϣ˼ٴλ
ԭܳĿǰѾͶִߣҪȥоԶڲš
Ļô²̶ҲˣȻܴӶֽõһĺôҲ޵ġ
Ͼܳȥ󣬲̶̶֪֮֮ҲʱͽˡܳɺͶ֮ʦͽܹάϵãǻÿľӪ
ܳɱҵ֮󣬻᲻ҽԺǶǺˡ
пȥԼǺ°
Ҿ㻹ǿԿһҵĽģϾѧȥѧϰҲҪҹϵġ겢ûѻ˵
ҲԼܳ˶һ·Ϳµ̨ס
õģллΡ
λˣ֮Ӧû˵ʲôɣ
ܳɸϽת˻⣬֮ǰĻ̫Уڲ̶м䣬еսս
ûУû˵ʲô
ЦǺǵǾϰ˲ȥ飬Ľ˼Ѿˡ
ϴѧҽԺڣ˵ܸλɹǺ顣λĽãֻҪǿܶԺĿЧҲõġ
˼ǿҵҽ˹ڰ칫
˵⣬ϵȻû˵㸴λģҲпǵģϾֻסҽ
ǳԲ͵ˮʵΣǰѾԸˣһҪúõظлһ㡣
вκƣĩ˽һרŸлء
ΪΣȻǲġ
һܳɵ˵ø̹еƮĸо
ܳס˼˵Σⲻҵ
ҿЦ
ɫһ壬ܳɵĻ˻ȥôǿЦأڶѸλĲˣ㸴λȥˡ
һһ㿪Ц
°ĺúлл㡣
ҲˣҲ϶ˣȻȥϢɡ
Ҹ˵飬Ҫؿһ°Ժͼϸһ¡
ȻҽԺ涨ˣоŸƣģǻġҽԺҲоְо㶮˼ɣ
껹ǲ̫ģָԼһ·ͬʱٸܳһջ

İ칫ҳʱܳɻ˸
ֱ꣬ħӺ̸档
ܳݽȥˡ
ܳɺףܸģ϶Ȳ̶Ҫá̶ֻǵĴʦסĹϵԼ̵ڣѾܲˡ
Ҳ̶жжˣ
ĶԼȡģ飬ҲܹȡЩ
ֻǣ򵥵ĵʱôʵ
ǲ̶ȵˣûɡ
ңרҵԣ
ܳ뵽ơ

磬롣
ܳɴӼٴһΪ򵥵ָؽڹؽλַλ󣬱˵绰ȥ
磬Ȼȥһ°ͻϴ·ϴƷЩ
춼ס
мﲡˣȺͼƵʦӦһ£ٸҴ绰
ܳȻڵεǹؽλַλֵ࣬Ʋн棬ʵҪһЩ
ΪǶֵ࣬ܳҪڿš
Լֵ࣬ܳɻҪڿš
ϾȨֵʱܳҲҪš
ֻҪϺ¼ӶԹؽλַλһ˽⣬ټӺ¼˵Ǿֵ졣
ܳɻҪܲдЩǲЩµġ
ڵ绰һͷܳɸ磬ҪֱڼϢɣ飬ٴ绰
ȻҲ̫ˡʮСʱ
ֵˣֵ֪˵Ŀ࣬ȻֵĲԼǶ滹ͬĵġϣܳԼڿţ˯ܹ̹һЩ
ܳЦЦ˵û£磬Ȼҵ绰ͺˣҲδһȥʱˡ
ҲüܣһֱӱƵ˲һܲ
֮ܳҪڿţΪлֵﵽ18㣬ֻлֵܹһˣܳڴȻǾԽȥԽá
һԭǡ
Լֵ࣬Ͷֵʻһ
ϾԼǮ
ǮĹǾ͵öԵԼõǮþҵС

ܳɻصҵʱѾˡ
;Ȼƽ£Ҳûô༱
ƿ϶æòɿֻҪܹǿƵĲˣһֻǹؽλġ۵ĲˣȻʱһַλ
ƲڵʱܳɿɲȥͶ˵Ҫַλ
ϼ˵Щ
ֵʱ򣬲ϸ㽲ǺεģԼȥѺϵĹַλǱٺˡ

Լ飬в̶⣬ȻǿԵġ
ܳҪȥε棬Ѱ·Ρ
ûҪ
̶Ѳֹ۲˸ѾǸ˴ˣҪ֪㣬Ҫ֪Լʲôλã˵ʲôʲô顣
çײΪԭϵĺãͿԺΪ
ܳѪǡ
ΪϸϽܳɲһģܳɲκƹϵ
˵䲻ģʲôëϵ
ôզȫĲ˶أ
ܹΪһЩ˼ʹ;øܳǲܾģֻǣ
˿ƣľ֣ܴ򼸸ӣ
ʵġ
ܳɸ磬ҽ˺зһ԰ɡˡܳɴӰ칫ſڴųԷĶϽܳ֡
ܳɷҲش򿪺зһ˵簡´Լкз
ֵֵҲóԷõǮ㻹Щ
ǾûҪôϸˡ
ܳΪ濼ǵģרҵоûйļЧѧУĲһǧǮԷȿȣ
ܰѶȥ
溩Ц˵ģܳɸ磬ЩǮҳġ
֣ʦǮ˵ˣ鷳ֵ࣬ô׵ĻҲ˵ǳԷˮ飬ðźá
ҪܾĻȥ֣ʦ˵ҿɲҾܾ˼
ܳԣĵһů
ǮҾͷˡ
֣ٶԣÿ¶༸Ǯ˽ǡ
»Ҫȥƽһ֣ٵ˼һ¶ɣóô㡣
ϾǮѽ
ߵࡣ
ܳɸƷϢ˵µʱƾ͸һٶ̵ӡ
ȿڵǺܶؽûؽڷӹؽڷؽȱθӹؽûƵ㲻˵ǸƵѧ𣿡
㿴ЩƵҵʱ򿼿㡣
ܳɿ꣬͵ʱͳ˳
ǣʦֻ˵дʶѣбҪô
ܳҲҴ⣬Ժʣʱ򣬵ⷽ΢ģһ£ȴӣԼƵĻԸˡ
һҪֲ仰Ȼû
ȻҲֻǱܳɼ˱ʼǱ

ѧϰؽûؽڷθӹؽû͹ؽڷ
ģķѧϰʼǱҲû¡
ǹǿƵסҽʦ˭涨ͲܺøԶһѧǿרƵ֪ʶˣ
Ȼ󿴵ƻظ
֣Է£ҿǷܵˣԺֵʱҸתˣʲôԼš
ܾ
Ȼ˵ؾֱתǧ
ܳɿɲҽӣȻ̶ҲŵһСǮǮһϼֱӵ
ҲǴϼﱻתˣ̡ܳ
ϴʵػظʦұҪܾ
ĻҾͲֵˣ
ȻϼͳԷʱܳɴû˿ѹҲܰԼϵļ氡
ֵʱԷҲҪƸǮôҲ̫
ȷʡԺš

˵šզôأ
ܳϱ༭ϢظʦҲǮ
ǳᶨ
ŻظʦͳԷİáǮҾԲգȻĻԸֵ࣬Ҳ顣
ܳɿɲϣչԺ̶֮䣬ΪͲʲô顣
ҪλԼʩչƽ̨ء
ȥˣ̨ζˣְȥˡ
Ȼɶˡ
аɣҲֻεػظ
ܳ˻תˣﳤһ
ʱ洳˽Ϊ˼˵ܳɸ磬ƴ绰˵ǹؽλ㿴ȥѲ˽һǣ
ȥɣܳϻء
һˣλ飬ҲҪԼ
Լֱһˡ
λ֮ò︴һˮ·ԼԱܺҲ·ʵá
˵ʦˣȥȿ˰
ظ꣬㰵ֻĻ¥µļȥ
ʮӡ
ܳһδӼܻؿʱɫŲ죬ҽŴˤˡ
ҲֲܳɼΪոոλ˺ģ⸱˺þõĸҳ棬ڲƼط˵ڶʾ
лֵѾۻ20㣬Ƿڶ
ʾڼƣܳɸλɹһ̾ʾ˵ģܳɲûеѡȷ·Ҳûмȷ
ΪһЩʾ棬ܳɵúúõع滮һ²С
ȵ˿һ۵ĲˣԺ̸ҪļЩ꣬ܳɺ󣬱㱧Ǹ˵ܳɸ磬ʵ̫ˡ
еƶ˵ϵĻҽԺ˼λˡ
ҴȥضҽԺ
Ȼеܳɵ˼
ܳԣæҡͷ˵Ҫ򷢣򷢡
ҽԺΪ˼ֲˣ׼Χ֮⣬תԺ鲡飬벡ˡǶʱơ
ֻΪۣò˹ת뱼Υĵġ
㲻õġ
浱ȻֻеΪѣܳɸ㣿


һһʮ С˵ôд
һϢģİɣ硣
мĻԼȥܻ֣ʦȥ¼ɡܳæһ죬ȷеˣ֣Ҳýһܼˡ
˭ģйؽλĻֱöѲ˽ңڿĲҸλܳɵϢʱͻ᳤һЩ
濴˿ܳɣŻ˵õģܳɸ磬ȥϢһȸ֣ʦ㱨ġ

ܳŵÿգϴһ
ģ⸱ֵ¸
֫֯ˡ
ڶѡ̻һܣ˼󶨣ٴοģ⸱ǰռóʼܺͲѡ
ܳɿ꣬Ŀһϲ
°
⿪˵ڶ൱ԼһʼļܹۣԺÿοʼģ֮ǰЯĸˣԲռѡ
Ǹѡĸأ
ȼµĿ϶ÿˡ
Ŀǰ֧
пλڹ̶
۱պϸλ¶壩
Сппλڹ̶
ȱĹǰֲ
ؽλλ
ڶ֯ˣһǹۡ
ศɵġ
ңܳɳڿɼ֮⣬ɨܽμܡ
֮ǰģʱܳɾͳԹʼЯļܣ̫רҵĻᵼ˼άͬϣߵ
ʵ˶ģһγ˼άƵĻѸġ
Ҫ̻ļܣʱģһûѡãӰɾʹˡ
ԥϸ˼ʮӣܳɲž
̻ܡ
֫ʼʼν
ʱܳɱ㿴ܴɫ˵ɫҴӿЯʼȥѾ̻ɹ
꣬ܳɿ˿ʱ䣬Ѿӽʮһ㣬ģᶼûá
ȴʱޣ˲ٿ̫ˡ
ңƵһлǽʡ
ǿƵרƵĻҲǽʣֻǵЯ뼡εصĻܣȻγ˼άӰ쵽ܵѧϰ
ܳɻһȼĻܣ֫Ǿֲʾ飨֮ûѡҲǾ鿼ǵġ
Ǻ͹ľֲʣʵԾЩԼոѡܺá
ЩܳɾͿʼһֵģ⡣
ѡģ⸱
֫֯ˡ
ѡʼЯܡ
1.崴ͨ2.ҽѧӢ
ܳɲûѡ̫༼ܣ¸û˽һЯĻڵļԽ࣬Խģ
ʼģʱӵеģǻԵļܣܹ޵Ǳԡ
ڹ۸棬ܳѾרˡ
ôѡʼܣһĿԡ
˽һµڶ˵
ʼģ⡣
ӵʵĹǿƽʻѾڿеҪĽɫһ
֮ǰڹؽλλϵ֣ϼҽʦʮֲ죬пλڹ̶õʡڵϿɡ
ܿӭIIȨˡ
ڿ˹У㷢ӦһƬհסУϼҽʦܿ췢ӹ
ʧȥIIȨ׼룬ϼҽʦ㸴ӣΡ
ֵĹУ㷢ڹؽλ͸λϵ⣬ΪǳˣʧȥڿйؽλλȨޡ
ʹ˹㣡
⣬ܳɵ䶯һӣȻеҲ޿κΡ
ģ磬Դ
ģ棬ҶԼ¹Ļ̸ȥʵǸ߷壿
ܳɵҰĺڿɲڹôˡ
۽ҪſһЩ
ң߮綼ڲ֮꣬¶Լ㣬ԼҲ϶ԡ
ϣӭת
ϼҽʦʼ̸״̬ǽһʱ䡣
ӵ൱ʵĹǿƽʻϼҽʦܿ˶Ĺ滮ʹߣûٳеֵĽɫӵ˴Ŀʱѧϰ
ڽһͨѧϰŬϼ
˴Լܡ崴ͨͨ񾭷ͨԹ̶ţȡ
⣬ܳɳһԼѡվûġ
ΪѼܹ㴦󣬶ȼĽ֪ʶΪ̶һʱ䣬ͻ˴ĻԼܣǺ鰡
еʧʧеá
ģ⸱ʵֳʵ໥Ӱš
ĳɫ֣ϼҽʦȻź㲻֪Ϊ츳꼻һ֣ȻϼҽʦϿɣԺ
ְоɹҵ
ҽʦְƣʼڿеֵɫͬ꣬˹пλڹ̶ͨ崴񾭷ͨ
ȻȻ̫ãȼĽʻףţ棬ͻεļܡ
ܴˡ
ʮؽΪҽʦҿʼֹпλڹ̶III
ðɣתתߵһ
һεģ⡣
ܳţȻ˱仯
ʮѾΪ˿ҽʦҳΪﴴ˻ΪʵΣȻȻޡ֫/ָ/ֲֺ
㵽˽޵ĵλĴʦʮ־Ļ֮㷺˺ֶܿ֫/ָ/ֲֺĲ
ʮ꣬˶֫/ָ/ֲֺͨ޹㿪ʼڿﳣ濪չ֫/ָ/ֲֺͬʱҵѾһΪѧĸίԱԱ
ͬ꣬㿪ʼӴؽûתλƤֲ
ܳɿ⣬ʱһ㶡
ûһͨļܣʤڼܶ࣬ѹ֡
㿪ʼʡڼȫ֫/ָ/ֲֺ΢Ƶľĵá
ʮ꣬˶֫/ָ/ֲֺƵĽλѾͨĽڡ
ȻѾݣҽԺֿطƸ㣬ȻԾѧһߡսٴһߡ
ʮ꣬ڴӣҲ̨֪һʵǸ߾磬ٴѧꡣ
ʮ꣬޼ա
ģ
ģۣ㡣һʮϽĵҽͷʼҵҵһһӡȴδѧƵķչ㹻Ĺףһ漰ΧΪ㷺ɳΪβѧߡ
򸱱ƣģеĽﲡ븱ݡּܵȼ͡
ѡһ
ȫŹؽûͨ
ȫϥؽûͨ
֫/ָ/ֲֺעѻȼпλڹ̶ʼܵȼ͡
ȫؽûͨ

ܳһһʮ׼ܿѡͨļܣҽһ֫/ָ/ֲֺ
ֱܳѡˡ
һ
һεģѡ񰡣ûҲûѡʼЯļܣԼ֪ˣԭһȼĽʾ飬ô༼ܡ
ЩܣɶԺѡ񿪷ķ򰡡
ڣһЩΪƧܳɵΪֹδš̫Ƨˡ
ΪʲôѾˣȫҪѡˣܳѡյļܺЩ̰ĵصૡ
ܳɻûü룬Ͼ͵õʾ
ںϼܣ֫/ָ/ֲֺܿɽܲʧǷ
ܳϲ
üһ֪Լûѡ
֫/ָ/ֲֺͲǵļܣһѶȺܸߡܴۺԼǿļܡ

Ӻģ⸱ʾ
ܽɹμܡ
1.֫Ǿֲʾ飨ͨ֫ѧͨǰӵи߼ܣܱǣȻΪǰμܡ
2.֫ǿŸλڹ̶/̶ͨǰӵи߼ܣܱǣȻΪǰμܡ
3.崴ߵȼΪ
4.񾭷ͨߵȼΪ
5.ѪܷͨߵȼΪ
6./ѪתλͨߵȼΪ
7.峣ƤֲߵȼΪ
8.֫/ָ/ֲֺ󿵸ָߵȼ
9.֫/ָ/ֲֺΧڲ֢Ԥ飨ͨߵȼΪ
10.֫/ָ/ֲֺΧڿʹþ飨ͨߵȼΪ
ܳɿ꣬ȻؿһϵеĽܡ
ţ
һȼļ棬Ȼźܶྫͨμܣ
ܿ죬ܳɾͻȻˡ
ҲǣѪܷϻ񾭷ϣ߹۵̶϶ȶ֫/ָ/ֲֺѶˣи߼ĵȼ֧ţ϶޷Ѷ֫/ָ/ֲֺġ
˵һܣȻͺˡ
۵Ĺ̶Ѫ񾭵ĴĴָȵȣȱһɡ

ܳɳһˡ
õܣܳʵоǵõˣʵвģ⸱ҪԵؽѡֻܻм
֪ʶ룬û̫ĸã̵ͦġ

֮ܳɺܿؾͽһεģ⡣
ҵ飬ʱ̫ˣϿʼܽĸȴʱͱˢµˡ
һΣЯĳʼ棬ܳɾֱӰѶ֫/ָ/ֲֺ˽ȥ
1.崴2.ҽѧӢ3.֫/ָ/ֲֺ
ģ⿪ʼ
ΪӵʵĽʻӵкɨȫҵĶ֫/ָ/ֲֺܡ
ִط˹ؽλַλȻõ˿ҵӡ
ңڿΪǰ׼IIȨУйоص˿ˣɹõIIȨ
֮ӵоͨĹпλڹ̶ɹõʡ֪ڵϿɣɹǰõIIIȨ
ɹԺ
֮ǰڳɾͣܿõʡѧϿɣǰ˶֫/ָ/ֲֺȨ㿪ʼضоڿҳ濪չ
ӵеļܵȼʡǰأܿʹԼ뵽/΢ѧίԱᡣ
ʮ֮㷢ڶ֫/ָ/ֲֺϣ޾õʡڽڵָ㣬˵Ļʵ֫/ָ/ֲֺҪøʵĻܡ
ޡ
޹ٹ꣬㷢ڶ֫/ָ/ֲֺϵ裬Ȼ޷ҪְҪȥѧ
ϼҽʦڵĵλѾǳ㵱ǰȰ⣬ѾδޣȻȻ̤˱ѧ֮·
㻨ʱ䣬˹ڴ󲿷ֵѪƣ׼ѧʱյδ޻룬ɲ㡣
μĻ񣬲ҰԼеĲƸԼĸĸ֮ʲƸ㹻ĸĸݺ
ôֻǮ̤˳ѧ֮·
빤ʽʽѧϰģʽתȫ硣
ȻѾ˵꣬ĶڣִѧϽľж˲ٵ
ʮ꣬عΪԼĸĸɥ֮󣬺治ТٴδҴҳܾ˸ҽԺ뼰֪ѧĽͷΡ
ʮ꣬Ϊ˺²ȫʳģֻһҵĸרġ
ʮ꣬һƪĸ壬нľ۾һ̡
ģģˡġר鼮ǰһһĶʱ
ڶ򡪡
Ѫܷ
ѾˣȻ˺֪Ѫܷǰһ˲䣬Ƶһ塣
ܳУ˼һֻڿǼдԼĸĸԼԼ治Тʱ
۽¼ᡣ
ģ⸱Ļܳһ
ÿ˶ÿ˵ǣ
ѧͬϵ޵ߡ
Ȼ̣Ȼ塪

ֵõġ
ģ۾Ϳõ
ģۣһǹ°ߣϧһдۣҲҪʵϱѧƵ۷塣ѧÿһƶҪѵĴ۳ԼҸʱ֮⡣¼š
;ɹǷڣǣһɲǣĺ壬һɲһ󡣾ֻж̶һ룬òһ
֪ηη߸󵽼£Լ֪˼伫֡
ѡһ
Ѫܷ
ܳɳĬһǶ˶
ðɣһѡûѡǾֻѡһˡ
һεģ⣬һֱӴӾ֮ͨϲˡ
ֻģ⣬ĻܳһӶ̤һ
ٿ˿Լģ⸱ļܱ仯ֻѪܷӾͨһСͻģһӡ
һ֮֮ң
ܳɴ˿̶ҽѧʵеĽڡѧߡרǣ˾η
ߵ·¾Լģ⸱ߵ·˰ɡ
˰Сʱܳһδģ⸱
ǰεľ飬ܳһᳵ·ˣ˾
ʼģ⣡

賿һӡ
ܳһֲذſģ⸱еÿһ֣ǻһ
̶Сʱģ⡣
ջķᡪ
/Ĵģ⣬ŵõ񾭷
εõ/ѪתλߵȼΪ
εõ峣ƤֲͨߵȼΪ
Ȼ󡪡
֫/ָ/ֲֺĵȼȻǣͨ
ֱˡ
ģʱܳΪǰεģ⾭飬Դֱǿиɶֲ֫һɼܣһӣΪ˼̫࣬Ѫܷ֧ţȻһá
õֻܡ
Σܳɲçˣֻȴμһ
ϧǣûлʲôڣܳɻ˲ŬȫԼһȥо
ȻȻѡ
֫/ָ/ֲֺȫ緶ΧʲôӱļܣҲ·򣬶һѾõļܣˣûеõ̫ĹעΪʲôȵ֮ġ
ûеõ̫ĹעȣȻҲ첻ˣ൱һǳĻԼܣҪﵽĲΣ̫ˡ
񾭷󣬶֫/ָ/ֲֺ͵˾ͨ𣬵棬ͻơ
ңģĹ̰ɣ
ȷǺܼģҪ֪ʹ˲ŬȻȥǿгѧҪĴۻǺܴģֻܳǿţʮʹ
һΰԼԼСӺӰѹͷˡ
ôģ⸱档
ʵУܳɾԲô顣
Ȼܳٿ˿Ҫĸлֵߴ100ռôлֵôҲúüʱ䡣
˫ĿһУ˯ȥ

ߵʮܳɲϵشŹǷشߡ
æܳɸ磬𣿿·ۣҵˡ
ǿͲ˼
Ȼܺ˼ܳɽΣǹؽλĲˡ
˯;ѣȻ˯һ˯ȫͬĸ
ãˢȳԡܳɼͣҲ;ѹܳˢҲ΢΢еڳ

ʱϺ֣صһϢ
ҺεϸֺȫĿǣԺؽλĲˣȫǿΡ˰رơ֣٣ܳɡ
ԺĲ϶ܶࡣ
Ҫ
һΣϺȻܳɵֱ֣˵ֲš
ÿҵĲˣĿܳɡ
˼
رǶϾɳ˶ˣһȹϵܸС
һֱֻغͶѧоľУû뵽һֱӵܳɣȻǰߵ˵ǰ
һǿŹӲıġ
һӹɵģǾȥ滻ܳɣǷܳɵλãǲҴӦ
ܳԣȻ۹۱ǱǹۿڵرĿ
ܳɹ
Ŷֵ֮컹һʮСʱϻΣÿһӵʱ䣬Ϊ
̶ҲĿյܳϣ̶Ϊеۡ
Ȼ˵ܳûʦͽ֣ҲǶӣϾôСӰ㿴ôۣԼܳɵĸĸ᲻ۣıġ
ȻתͷƣƱ˵Σҽܳһֵɣ°֮Ͳˣ֪ġ
̶ͷҡͷӲǸ취ҲԼİҪֵҾӦܳɲֵհźá
ѹեʲôãܳɲģѵƾ
Ǿ磬¼֪ܲΪʲôؽλúš
һƳĲӣù
ܵġ
ֻҲ˵£ϾΪϼܳ൱Ǵֵ˰࣬ԣ̶飬˵˳
ΣҾÿŰ࣬Ҫµһ¡
ҿŰ࣬ǿܹŸסԺҽʦһÿֻװࡣȥһҲһ
ܳɲһҾӦֵֵ󣬲Ҫֵհˡ
ϴѧҽԺסԺҲĵءǿƾˡ
²̶ᣬᣬΪ̶ܳɵϼ˵ֵܻҽƫ̻ƾʲôסԺҽʦͲҪֵհࣿҪ
ԡ
ܳɺֵ֣̯֮󰡣ΪӺܶ롣ҲǴȥĺûᡣ
ж෽ôһʵʵȻ°
Ȼô˵ҲϺص˵ġ
ϺһסԺҽʦûĻͺܳɻһ¡
Ϻ⻰Ҫ˵ɳ˶Ӷ˱ˮҭһ¡
TMô
๾ѵߵĻȥˡ
ܳɿκһֵհ࣬˭˵Լֵܽܳأ
Ӷʸ񣬿ǰ죿
ǡ
ɶ
ϺȻҶûʲôĻǾˡ֣٣ƣŰµһ¡
ţֵలڹաһֵ࣬Ҳ̫ࡣ
ԣȻص˵ͷ
ȻΪȵؿ˲̶Ŀ˼ǡ
ʲôʱô˵ôƽ˰
̶жţƺһжԤ֮еӡ
ã֣ٴ˴ͷɫеΡ

ƱŰֱӶٰ֣ţΪƱ֣Ƚһ
ֵֻ֣ǸţµĻܳɺƣȻҪطһ¡
ܲöǧʢŰɣ
ûֱӴ˲鷿ҵ˲̶ѹʣΣôô˰
ƿɻ̶֪ܳȥֽڵ棬Լ˽顣
ǲ̶Ͱԭίһ顣
°ɣȻ⣬Ҳ֮е顣ȻƽСվڹһƵȥˣ϶úó˰ܲ󷽣
ôܳҲǹǶƵš̶һ֮е顣
Ȼǹ鹦ĵӴ󣬶Ҳ̶ҲС
춼Ϻ˵ҪһܳǰIIȨˣϺ벻ţ
밡ҾԽ˰
ֹǿƴκϹǿƴζˣϺֻǸ˳ӹ̣һҽʦܸˡ
ԭ˵ءƻȻ򣬵Ƿ
Ϻɣ²֪ͼʲôȻָ۶ӡ
Ȼ֣پͰŰ˳
ܳɵİûˣ˶ϾҲû̫仯ֻǰܳɵİճǰһᡣ
Ȼ޸һ¶ϾȨֵλȻĻ̶ܶĩֵ࣬ûˡ
̶ãƴϵ˲鷿
ʵҲûɶɲˣþòֵˣĲ˴౻ܳɸˣԺĲѾһ
ַλģؼȥĲˣҲԻؼһҩȲߡ
һ̶Ĳ˶ʱ˲١
һȦ̶˵ڵĲˣԽԽ˰ûʲôֵĲˣҲ˺ܶడ
Ƶͷ˵Ͼֵ࣬ƻһЩˡյĲҲ١
ӦöڵĿմ
̶ɫ˵ҪûˣǾϢ¾ͶϢǰʱ̫æҿ϶ˡ
յĲˣյĲվˡ
ƣҪѺùš
ãƵͷܳһۣܶ
ܳƶõIIIȨˣڶûõ
ǲǸȥϴѧҽԺ߶ҽԺĹؽＸȦһIVȨΪð
ߣרҼɹǾ۵ĲϽ̶ô죿

Ͼʱӵֵ֪ͨҲûþȣûвʹˣֵܳ࣬ҲģԤڡ
ڲ𲢲ܳɻҪڿ
ܳɾҵ˶ϾϾȥϢһ£Ȼв˻ǰңҵз
ܳɸ磬ȥϢɣҽˣ㶼ˡϾֱӺ˺Ǿ仰
ܳڶܺһֵˣԼѡһֱûԼȶܳʾõģúúѧϰ
ܳ벻ͳԷ顣
Ӱ첻ܹܳٶѧ㶫Ժ˱ƣʲôˡ

Ƕֵİ࣬ȻǺա
ˣϺҲܿ˷
귿Ϻ߮磬˰칫ңʵСǿҵİţʲô뷨ûУ
Ҽǵ񽲹Ҳؽλַλġ
Ϻ˼أ̶ƺܳɸؽλַλ֣Ҫ۵ַλ˵飬ԼͶǧʢϼһʱȥˣٽӴ
һ£߮ܲϣԼĿհ׶
߮ȴЦ˵ΣҾõġַλ飬Ѿ˲żüˣҾͲϹ˰ɡ
лл̧
˵ֱ꣬߮˳ΰ칫ңüͷŵϺΰ칫üͷ̣µ졭
߮ҽԺɷˣ˰ʱ̶ΪԼС˵زġ
׼زĵģÿҲ֡
ǿһ¼ѾһȦˡ
˽Ҳ˽ˣˣ쵽¥µĿȥ
ÿ˶ÿ˵ı͹£ÿضӰ쵽¼ҽͱ仯
ͺñȣϺȻǶΣǹǿƵĴΣڹһƣôסҽоԵ뷨ʲôأ
һǳֵڴġ
ͬݺͬصµһȤ顣
Ҫ֪ǿЩ͹۵أ뷨ܶģĥζˡ
߮紩ŹɫֱʺͺƤʼǱͳŹһƳˡ

һƵʱ߮翴һƵ˶ڲ鷿ƺ鷿ĽȶҲżֻڰ칫ﾲصȴŲ鷿Ľ
ڣڰ˵ʮʱ򣬹һ鷿ˡ
ա
ֵ˶ʮСʱСҽյҽͻҩ飬ûŵĻôͿԻȥϢҰæ
ΪΪȡյֵҽϢȨ濼ǵġ
ƺûŲ귿
칫߮磬е֣ҷ߮羹Ȼһִȵ
ͷʵǿƵǩֵô
߮һǱԺҽԺĹƶУһűʺͱӣǩֵġ
ֻҪǩֵһоʵϰ߮࣬ʮˣǳϳɵоҪ˵ģ
ҲǩֵģǹһƵ߮磬ֱ߮˵˵Լ⡣
˼ǣԼдһС˵ϣɷ硣
Ȼ߮ôое㵰ۣ˸־ҲʣϾǿС˵ģ߾ûдС˵ˡɷģʱ߿൱ҵˡ
ǾдС˵㷢ô
ʲô֣٣ղض˰
ʮ棬ӸоͿʼС˵ˣ֪һЩ
߮Ӧһ£ҲûȥղƼƱƱĵһ顣
ҪǮֲ˵ⶩģҪдù£˿
Ȼ߮ͽ£ֻҪһʣشУҲҪ֯ʲôġ
ҽоסడ
ס࣬ڶꡣ
أΪ̸ģãдС˵˿϶ҲǰС˵ģԿ϶Ȼкܶĵġ
飬ʲôС˵ûýĵĿҪʵĿɾͶˡ
ʮӺ󡪡
߮Ŀɿڴｲͣ˱ʣ΢΢죬һʱ˼¼
磬磿ҽ߮ɵˡ
ǰ˻ӡ
Ȼ˵ѵʵòҾͦõİŶΣƽʱС˵вſõ
߮е૵˵ǽ졣
ǿҲؽλַλȻλûλȥ
ϴѧҽԺĽڿ˵
Ȼ󣿡
ǿƵģܳɣѸλˣ
šͷ
ȫ׶ŵġ˵
ס๻ţưɣŻЦЦһסܽɫ˴Ĵָ
Ϊ߮粢ûжݣҲûҪ
߮濴ı飬Էһֿ١
ãȻص˵ͷǸ˵Ƭӣϸ˽һ¡
Ϊ飬˵þ۵ͼӴҲһ
ûƬʲôӣͿ˸ڵŶΡ
ϾС˵ﾭ·ǽˣû㶨Ȼǲһٲ绢ȥġ
ڶŵòˣұడ
ˬУǾǾе̫ˡ
߮רҵĽǶȷ¡
УУ
زģռزġذǸ˵ĸλǰƬӶһһ˳Ȼ˵
㿴磬ؽλ
ʦ˵ţˡ
ʲô³ؽڡ
߮˫Ŀ̱ƽƬ˹ȥһ߿һૣؽλ³ؽڷ롢25ؽλ
¹Χ޹λ
˻
nia
ˣôܸģ߮תͷ
߮˵Ϊרҵϵʱ򣬾һͣؿ˿߮硣
㵽˭
ҫ趼ϣһֲ˵ˣ
˰˵
߮ͷȻૣܸؽλģԶΪ߱ˣô߱ٷ֮ʮ϶Ტۣ˾ûйۡ
ʮ򼶷֮һķʡѹֽڿ˶¡
С˵Ҳôд
㶡
֣дС˵ģ˼άǾɢôС˵
Ϊһ߲֪֪һ㲻ᵱߡ߮翴͡
ü
ﰵ˵˼ܲһ㿩


һһʮ С
ԼĪʮӺΪ߮𣺡߮磬´ʲô飬ǵøһ°
С˵˲࣬ҲͲſһĴС˵
߮С˵ʱܸоСģһСľ͸ߵذԼϰ׶ߡ
߮粻һС˵˽⻹ģԶһЩϹŴдС˵ĿǰվС˵߮綼оһƼ˼
Եؿ˸ͷ͸Ա˵txtĵ
߮ͷƤһ
Ҳû˵ʲôֻǵͷӦõģ˺飬һƼġ
ȻɫĸֱñһգŸֱʹҽ״ӵĲ෽ڴ˺ƤʼǱһ۽һƵֵҽ˼ܶƬ̣߳˹һư칫ҡ
߹һǶ֮Ĳ¥ʱ߮ԾΪϧûϸؿ˵ξọ̈̄ĻһõĲزģõС˵ȥ
ֻǵ;˵ԶԶԼộҲǼõġز֮һˡ
߮ص˹ǿƶ칫ңͿ˶ϾҲڣüЦʵϾ磬ʱֵô
߮˿̶ܳɸΪ棬֮ǰͿŰ࣬׼ٺܳһĵģϺϵİűļƻʱ;ϡ
ţܳɸ̫ˣ컹ֵ࣬ûֵհˡϢϢء
߮磬ǸղɷϾʡ
߮ͷֺƤʼǱ϶ǲ֪ȥĸɷˡ
ġ߮Ӧһ䣬ҲõܳɻڿϢ
°˰æ

Ȼ߮ܳк棬ҲֻһЩѣԼʦԹܳIIIǴΣܾ˶ֽһȥҵ롣
Ϊ߮ԣͨĹ۲ˣٺãҲǸӣûʲô˵ġ
Ȼܳɲ֪ôģüãҲû߮硣
ΪдС˵ԭ߮һЩ֢ĲˣеѶȵģͺñ֮ǰ̶ϺŹǸ͵Ĺ۲ˡ
ĸӲǽӴ˼ġ
ϧǰЩϣԼȥǸˣҲģֻΪ̫࣬˲ŶҪܸ߶ѡ
˽˲߮ǲȥģջȥˣҪĿľΪԽ޴ҡ
ҽԺĿģ߮绹ûġ
ܳɻ˯У߮Թ˵ʰԼ˫米ѱʼǱ͸ֱʻعԭλ󣬾ǰˡ
ֵ࣬ﲻۻȻеúܡ

߮絽Լסķ֮
׼ˮǣֵ߮ıرƷ
մ򿪱ʼǱֲãԼʦԼһ绰
߮ʱüϲԼµʱ򱻴ţرֵʱ򣬼Լʦǻûʼ߮ѡ˽ͨ
ʦ簲߮ԶֻǼΪġ
ֱЦŵ°ؼ˰ɣеӣûİɣ
߮ԼʱҪɲ٣һλ߸١
еģллʦ£ͬҽԺ͵߮һů
š
͵͵ڰҽԺҪʱŸ񡣶ʵҲġ


˵ʮӣ߮ɫ˵ʦ
֮ǰǽˣڰҽԺߣԲٴڸлڱȽϹؼڡʵ൱ֵܶİš
֮ǰƺȵò٣Ϊ˵Ĳ̶ءơ£ͷӦ˴֮⣬Ȼ˵˵һ¡
ȵºӦȻе˺ͺڣҲôԼˡ
̶⣬ҲǸܳɰIII飬ǴӦ˵ģǺ̶ָ˺ö฽
ңΪ˱֤һʧֲֻŲ̶ԼѧȥйĦһܳɡ
Ҳܾƾ̶
ң߮һ̶ôôܳɣܳû̫໵
ϾܳɿǴһ޵С緢ʱڣԼںԿʼǿѧƵˡ
ʱ;֪֮ʶһɽһɽߣܳɿЩɽ
ܳɼп˼ά뵽;֮С
ֱ˵㲻ֻżȥң߿ˮƽͼģһܳɵܲIIIII飬кʵİɡ
˵ã㻹ôôԺǿءⰵʾ
ŭܲܲҪ˵еˣ
¶ҵӰ첢С֪
ҲǶû취ˣȻĻҪˣ˵㿴Ҵ򲻴
ô˰ɡ
һʲôûʲô˼
ʦ㽻飬һȥȥģİɡ߮һξܾ˶ֵİʾǴӦ˶ֵʾ
ãǾɡ˵ĻҲģ㶼ʸԱǰIIIĻҰЩ򣬾͵ΪʡĹǿ˲ŷˡλص
߮Ҷϵ绰󣬱֮Ժ
΢΢ҡҡͷ˵
ĻẦè⻰û
֡

ܳһֱ˯ʮһʮ߷֣˹
ڴųʱʱͷеʹ
˯߲ɵĺ֢Ȼ˯˯ʱ䣬ߵ˯ߣܳɾò̫
΢ƳһϢҵĴ£֪ʲôʱѾ˺зϣϾȴڡ
ܳ´ٴˮһ칫ҷߣͿ˶ϾڳԷ
ܳɺæܳɸ磬ѾˣϢҵģ֮ǰʱ˯û㡣
ллܳ۾һֻֻչ
ʣûô
ϾЦЦʱûУͦеġֻ˼ԺȻһֱԿ顣
Ͼϵʱ򣬶˵Ĳ˺öࡣ
ԼֱãǸ㣬ȻǱңֻ᲻Դ
ϾǾԲҿ˵ֵġ
ֵ˶ٵж
õġ绹ĻҾȻؼҵţмﲡˣٹ
˵꣬ܳɳǹ۲ˣԼɡؽλ˽ңȻ˵Ĳ˻Ǵ绰ʦɡ
ţõġõġϾ̵ͷʵҲôġ
ͷ֮󣬶ϾЦЦܳɸ磬´йؽλˣַλʱܲܽһ𰡣ѧġ
һ˵һ߻˾Լڿ飬ؽصġ
ϴβƵôҲãܳƾԼؽλַλһӾͳ嵽˵ǰҲãϾĴ̼ͦġ
áܳЦЦӦ

㣬ȻУܳɾԼĶˡ
ܳɲŸյķϾĵ绰͵ˡ
ΪΣܳɸ磬˸ˣؽλ
ܳվſЦһ£һСɡҡ
ȺͲ̸ǩ֣˵ַλֻǿ΢ڴƷʽ֮һ׵ƷʽȻѱƸλȥٷλķգ̸ôһ㡣ܳΪûԼ˵λʲô
öϾһԤ룬ҪǹһǸ˰ܳɴĽ̵ͦġ
ܳɷϵſڵʱ
˶Ͼڿſڵš
ܳɺ󣬱Ǹ˵ܳɸ磬ҺͲ̸ˣ˵ÿе𣬲˾ַλķ̫ˣԸһԽ⡣
Ըַλˡ
ܳɱһ㶣˶ʲôλ
ǸСӣؽλϾץץͷЦ
ţơܳɶԶϾһĴָ
ⲢڹڿϾţơ
ؽλѡַλƣܱϾ̸ɲ˼ǿҵԸǱ£Ҫһ֪ʶ
ȥʱСܰٶ֪ļҳ߽ѧҽƵ뷨
ǣʦҡϾʵ
ܳҡͷ˵ʦôأַλλƷʽλǽ׼Ա֤ٷ֮ٸλ˼ΪأԸܸλʧܵķա
ǿԸѡλز˵뷨
ȥ˰ɡܳɾȿ˺ͼ˵
ܿܳɴ˹˲ſһܳ˶еɵˡ
棬һ򸾣Ҳʮ꣬ǺӵĸĸʮϷޣ϶үү⹫ˡ
СȫҳλߵľǴֽģ񻪹ĳ̬
Сѿ߶ҲӣֻȻԼĸױ£˼鴲ʱϺʹ֮ģ﷢ЦݣѽѽֺԼĸˣš
·ǽ⿪ġ
߼ķΣȣļˡ
ŷôģ
Ͳʹ
⻭淴
εĴڣ֤ٷ֮ٵشŹؽλؽλ֢״ʹޡ
С
ʹӣ
ⲻӦðλʹ˵Ļǻܽλ
ĪС
Ͼһ֣һ߶ܳ˵ܳɸ磬Сˡȿɣ
ܳɶʱͷƤһѹʣСѣû֪ûУ
ǰпЦϾ㲻ûɣ
ûоĻǾͲǹؽλˣкص⣡


һһʮ ⡫
ʹһָоҪʹĻҴķ仡
λʹǹǿƹλһ֣϶
Ӵ˿ϵı϶ҲʵģСӲһļװǿ
ⲻСңѾ˵ܳɺͶϾƿʱ״߽Ͼ뵽Ļ
ﻹţ裬룬롣
ҲҪ롣
Ǳǰÿμ״Ӿͻᱻʹˣ˰״ӷӦ
룬Ĳ룬Ǿ͸ҽ϶òãӵĸ׸Ͻסο
ߣ첻룬Ǽˣ޲ް֪̻ŵ˵
һ̫̫ǵ߿ǿҽ;Ҫ룬ʹ֮ǰɹˣһ¶ûޡ
˰ѺΧססܳɺͶϾ״ӣŽֹͣ˿۽ǻᣬίˡ
ɰ̺ۻˣͣС˵
ӵĸϾүү⹫վ˸Զ
ϾϽܳ˵ܳɸ磬ˣǿ϶ʹġ
֮ǰһºӵֱۣзӦġ
ϾȻ᷸ĵͼ
ܳüͷʱһ塣
λԶ˶ʹĸоĻôؽλȴʹΪ˰
оԴڵģֽ׶Եظоȱʧ֣ҲԽضϲΪġ
Զû˸оԽоġ
ԲСԶ˸оڶ˸оȱʧ
񾭵ĸо͵ͬһߣֻǿԴĽеԶûС
ܴԶеȴûԾʽֵ
еĻǾġ
ûü룬ӵĸױҽҼСҪʲôʱ԰סԺ
ǰ棬Ͼǽַλҵʹǳܸλȥ
ȻǳԸԼСɱܵ޶˵ĥܹһԵһݡΪյġ
ϾܳɣؽλĲˣڿϾͽܳɺƴ
ܳɶȷĻǾֻܽˡ
λˣϾԼͼʶ࣬ȻԼһҪҪסԺ顣
ܳɱȲ˵סԺ飬Ƭӣٸϸ˵
ȻϾ˵Ѿ飬ܳɻǾԼһΣʲô⡣
ΪһЩؽرרƵļ飬ǲ̶ǶϾˡ
ҵר
ӵĸ׿˿ܳɣüͷһ
Ͼ϶Բ˼ͣλǿҵҽϹؽλĲˣڸʹġ
⻰ԻȻЩܳͿ󣬵Ȼרҵಡģǿ»ǱȶϾרҵЩ
ֻǻ̫ˡ
ȴ˵ǿƵΣ鷳С𣿡
Ӹ״ųţп㣬ҲΪ˹ģҲΪ
ܳɾ˵緹㣬ǶѾ°ȥԷˣ¼ҽ˵Ĳˣźôšһ¡
һ˵ʮ࣬Ƿ㣬͸ҽȿһ°ɡ
ܳϹȥСǰգգ۾Աʾ⡣Сİ״֮󣬾ϱںӵ״ӾʹʹĴˡ
ĸǰᱧסܳ˵ҽҿסӣʱһ㡣
ţֻܳõͷ
Ȼʼ飬տʼӵʱ򣬺Ӳϵ޵ÿίˡ
ܳĹУһ㶼ʹֲֹͣ˿ֻżͣڳһҪǸҸҴ룬ʱҪ޵ı
ܳȺ˼ؽλ飬Ȼٿ˿Ƭ֮ʱһ¡
룬еҲãƬҲãǳȷһ飬ǾСļؽλǱȻڵġ
ʹܣҲġ
Ͳˣ
ӵĸ׼ܳһȦ꣬üͷȴţһ仰ȴ˵ûæѹʣҽҶô
Ҳŵ۾
ܳȴ˵ȥ칫ϸ̸ɡһ˿źӣ˶ƽʱӱȽ϶ģҲ°칫ҡ
ҪҺͺӵŴö֣֣࣬źӰɣĸҽȥĸԾ͸Ͻ˵
λͷʱоԼųˣɿԼ򣬱Ҳ˵ͷûٶ˵ʲô
ܳɰѺӵĸĸŶ˰칫֮
ӸױļǵʣҽҼҺʲôֱ˵˰ɣĵģ¡
ܳɾ͵ոҸ㺢飬ּؽڴ飬ܹԵشŹͷ־
ʲô˼Ӹ±ˣôרҵȻϲ죬ҲǸӡ
˵ӿ϶йؽλġ
ܳ˵꣬ǻһתûû֣˵оʹ
ؽλǺʹģǳˣһ̵ס
ӵļǶʱɫ΢΢һ䡣
Ǵӹ;˿˶ϾʱˣʱһֱûޱӣǻԼҵıء
û뵽һȴɵ㡣
һ£ǰйʲô߱Ƚرֵı𣿡
ĸһܳ⻰ʱҲüͷҽô˵ҵˣǰҲСйôΣǼ￴̫ʱ򡣡
Ҳ̫Ը⶯
һҼҺԼʱ򣬼ָֻˣҾΪûʲô顣
ܴ𣿡ϽʣЩ
ӵĸǿһۣ΢΢ͷ
źǱ鲻̫Ȼ
ĸ⻰ܳҲǻȷ˺ӵˣҲԼǵˡ
չǿƵĶؽλǺʹģǣҲмΪӡ
ǾǸԹؽλ˵ϰԹؽλĲˣڷλʱ򣬲رʹпܲʹ
ڣһģϰԹؽλĲˣԼλ֮Լܰλȥ
ͺţƣɲʲô¡
һ෢ʲôʱ򣿽ܹ𣿡ܳɼʣȻûĲ²⽲Ҫȷ֮ܽ
Ͼһ飬Ҳվһϸš
Լˢ飬ʱһôûС
ЩڣôûȥЩأ
ƳһܳɣܳɵüͷѾչ˿˵ס
һֲ̫ζ
ԼܳɵĲ࣬ԽԽԶˡ
ûˣûˡ
Ҿʹźȥź¶ӪˣȻ;˯һͱӡ
ǰʱҲ˯֮ѹӵġ
һͺˣǽ죬״һֱûָ
Ҫ𣿻᲻Ӱ쵽Ժдְ
ôСҪԺǿôǺáҽһҪ취аӵĸ׿ſܳɡ
ܳο˵ǲҪż
ǽĲʷյƬӿǼСڼؽϰλҲиλ
ΪֻλƽʱŲʹ
ССʹ͹ͷĿԶǿԷˣܸоʹ
ӵĸϵλѲΣĻܽ𣿡
ܳҡͷֵͷλΣҪΪʲôᷢλԲƵĻ˵ˡ
һⰡﲻҪʲô뷨
Һӣûз
̧ͷڷ񾭡
㵽ܲܿҪǲܿῴĻͰκ
ɽǷ硣
Ϊ˼ɵļһֲͻЯһӡ
ӸĸɫҲò̫ÿܳɡ
ӵҽҶӲǹؽڵôͻȻˣ
ӵ˵ôʲôҼôԿҲǰɣ
ҪǲῴͰκӵֱִһԼĶӣȻܳ֡
ԿǲŲ
ܳһɫ΢΢һֻǸҵרҵ֪ʶǽͿܵĲǿԲҵĻҪҽ
ҿˣ߿ˡ
ǿҪߵ˿ȥοôأ
ô˵ģ
ôˣ˵ʲô
ǿƿ˵ҽ𣿡
ῴ𣿡
ӹҽ㣡
裬侲㡣ҽԺӵ̡
źĸûκζܳɵıҲǲ̫Ȼ
ӵģ۾ָܳɡ
Ҳӣ˵Կǡ
˵⣬˵ȥˡ
ֹţġ
ӼȰԼĸףǸܳɵǸԲ𰡣ҽҪǵĺӵ⣬ʵûð˼
˵ôʲôͲרҵǲˡȥϴѧҽԺ߸ҽԺضҽԺҲõöࡣ
ҽԺһȺʲôţͽˣҪ￴ǻš
ǿҽһʲôʡģûѧͿʼҽֵԼĶӾߡ
ӵĸ׺ƺҲܳе֣Ҳ˳˰칫ҡ
ܳ䶯һҲʲô˵ˡ
ҽߵš
ҽǸ˳ȥȻҵ˺ӵĸףǿѡȥҽԺһҪȥС
ϴѧҽԺȰҽԺĲҪߣǲ˵ȥ
ܳ⣬Լͷβ˵Ϳġ
ֶֻͨ˵Ĵ̼̫ˡ
û취
ϰԹؽλĲô
һṹ⣬ʹȱʧʹɳڣ¹ؽڽṹȶ
ڶˡ

飬СûԵʹɳڱ֡
ԲǽṹԵ⡣
СŸջ·ΪԵ˵ϰλģ
֮⣬ﵼµĳڼʹ̼ǣɳڵĿԷǳ
ǵĻôֻŰû°λˡ
ֻ˵һǱˡ
õģлл㰡ҽ
ӵĸܳɵĻҪ˵ʲôȴֱԼĸ׸ˡ
ȻܳɺͶϾˣ໥š
ڲ˺ͼ뿪֮󣬶ϾСܳɣܳɸ磬ҲᵼϰԹؽλ𣿡
šԭ֮һ
СǶ෢ˣҲĽͻ࣬Ҳ֧ʹɳڡ
ĻֻŰҿ˶ԺӵİҲԭ򡣡
ǼԽܰɡ
Ͼԣ˵ͷ
ܳɽȽˣϾвľǣܳɸ磬ôողЩ
ܳ̾һʵôҲûãϰλҪͨ˶ҽѧĹؽھȥҽԺؽھеûУˡ
ԭĻպӻҪתȥϴѧҽԺ߸ҽԺ￴ˣͲҪǵʱ˰ɡ
ĻҲûҪ˵ôࡣ
ֱӸǿ񾭼ͼõ֮ȥҽԺ
ɸΪ֮ҽԺû˶ҽѧеҲûмΪרҵڿҽȻҪʱĺá
һ죬ȻԽܣٿһӡֻҪһģ߶һ죬ϴѧҽԺ߶ҽԺרҺͽǣ϶ȥ
ܳҲôˡ

Ѳ֮ܳٸƴ˸绰˵¡
֮Ҫǰ㱨һ£һǽԼ˼·ǣ˺ͼ˿ſڣǻȥҽͶ߻ȥҽԺ˵
ȸƴԤ룬ķͶߵĻǱҲиӦԣô鷳
ܳɽ꣬Ʊܳɣ㽲Ķԣһ£㻹ǵһ¡
绰ﲿǲһС￨󶨵ĵ绰룬¼һ£ȻٹһСʱ绰һ¡ǵʲôطǲСļ
ͬʱýڶֻ̨¼һҪȷԷݺϸãҪ˵ļСȥҽԺ
ܳ꣬˲ͷ
ϵ绰û
ҽҪͷȻ˵˿ѡҽǣҽȴȻȥ׷˵ȥ򣬲ҰԼĽȫλ
Ϊ˿ǣͬҲΪԱһ͹۵֤ݣһǳʲôӡ
ô˵ļлѡȨ;ܾҽĽȨ
ǣҽѾԼ񣬲ȥַѡȨ
ξͲԼˡ
õģʦȽϸģܵЩܳɸϽص
ⲻϸĺܵȫѪĽѵѡ
ǰҶоʱڼֿƣҲһѧĸʱǸʦ˵пǹС˼ţҽԺ󳳴֣ˡ
Ǹʦû¿͹۵֤ݣ˼ֱӸ
ҵʱ˼ȶûüдҲдƱܳɾһӡ
õģʦ֪ˡܳһݣ¼
ٸȫ绰һҪȫ׼ҲпһȻص

ȵܳɰƵķԸһ֮󣬲Ƿ
ǽĶϾĵ绰Ĳ˼¼ֻԼģΪԼֻ¼ĻԷпǻᱻֵġ
ֻϣҪõ¼źðɡ
ǣܳڵ绰棬õĻظǶԷѾźӵϴѧҽԺ
ܳɴ绰ȥҲΪ˵ĺӵ˶ԷȻ̬Ȼ䲻ȣҲûжܳٷ
ϾǶû뵽ܳɾȻ绰ȥôһ䡣

ͬʱ
ϴѧҽԺļſڡ
¡Լĸ׵裬ͱžٱҽԺǸҽˣ˼ҲǺġ
ȻĻûҪٸǴ绰רŽҪһҪȥҽԺ顣
㣬Ҳ¡ĸ׵飬Ҽǵˣ
һĲɾ
ȫҶ˲ô˵
ϽȥǹҵûУҲëëģʵǲġ
Ļ꣬ɽͺԼ׼־˹ȻϽ˵ҵˣʿȥơ
һ˱ظϵ˼ơ
Ƶҽһü鲻̫ԣӹҽԺXߺͱһ̴绰˹ǿƵסԺ
ǿƵסԺҲʮӣشɫϴµ˼ƣǸմ̨
˼ƿСļָ֮һȦ顣
ʱݺݵüͷʵСǰ϶ֹİɣ
˵ͰҽԺǸСҽһӵĸصǵģǰҲֹΣûһˣҲҲ֣Ϊûʲô顣
˯һҿŲԾ͸ϽҽԺˡȥ˰ҽԺûãˡ
·סԺͷҲǸԼؽλҲϰԼؽλ
һ˴ŰɣԼؽλ϶ʹɳڻ߽ṹȫģƬʾ
˵꣬϶ԼƵֵҽ˵ʦӿһĺ˴ţ֮ҰλˣȻ̶
СӵϰԼؽλãҿҲͦǿġ
ŴǼƵΣȹǿƵסԺҪһ½жŴʦ
ŴֻǼƵĲʿԹǿƵ϶ôרҵ˵ãڼ鵥ϱעһ£ܲǰˡ
£㰲ǿƵ˹̸ҾʹͼƵ˰
á¾ʹˣϺƾͶ

Сʱ¡һ˲ڰѴ߳˼Ƶĺ˴ңȻ󼱼ææظϻص˼ҡ
㷢֣ǿƵסԺûһ˵ĻһϲϽǰȥ˵ҽǵĺ˴ˣҪСʱãƬӸҪܴӡ
ҪסԺػǣ¡ؿ£ϣ¿԰취
õȱ棬ֻҪƬӾˣ
Ƭ˴֮ͻƬϵͳ棬Եһ£Ҹ˿סԺ֤ʱдﲡǿػ¡
õĺõġ¡ϴϲ
ûµĻҪˡ
֮²ſסԺ֤üǸ۲ڼĴ£ȥǿһסԺ
Ȼһ̨ԣƬϵͳӡ
¡һ˶صţ¡˶شȥϧڰ׵ĺ˴ʶǣȴЩ
²࿴Ƭӣ۰Ͱʣҽô
¿һСŲҪԲ˽лرܣֱ˵ȻŶͷ컹мļ¼ڸϼɳڱ֡
⼸죬γɵĽṹǼ䣬൱ǼؽڵĹ̶װá
ͺñǼš
ǹ̶ŵҳ
ҳȶʱ򣬿úʣžͲǺҳɳ˺󰡣žͻֱӵϣزˡСλ
ż̧һ£ֿԹˣΪȣŵʱֻСϰԹؽλ
ʹ˵Ļôֻܰҳ̶
Сַλ֮󣬰Ѽؽڹ̶Щٳʱ
ָλǶûҪȥˣֻҪȥһ߼ơ
½͵⣬ǵǻȥҰɣȥ˿֮󣬺ôЩϾҪ̶ġ
µĽͣͨ׶¡˶ˣǳһ
¡̹лҽлллл㰡
̫лˣҪˡ
¾͵ˣҲǸģãֵࡣסԺֵĻǹƻҪ鷳һˣǻ绰ٽ
ҾǹؽƵġ
ˣ֮һҪǵãҪС˰λ֮˵Ļʹͼ컹ûĻλġ
ȥңҹһ
úúã¡ʯͷ˵ء
ЦЦ֮ǰҽԺϾ̸ʱ򽲵Ķҡҡͷ
֪߱¶࣬ûŶ

°ĵˣ²Żص˿Ȼӡһؽλַλ̸ǩģ壬ҽ֮һȥɷѡ
Ȼļ̸ǩ֡
ʮӣʮϣҲѸ̸ĵ㰡յȶ̸ˡ
˵ˣ˵ôࡣ
עһҪע⡣ǧˡ
ȴСȥҩңȥ׼㶫͹λ
˵꣬»˿ʱ䡣
ʮˣ
ʱ䲻ܶ࣬ȻһкܶҪܣȡ꣬Ҳؼȥ
ãˣҽȻ׼ʱ°డ¡ʡ
һЦ
ʲô°ŶסԺԶ°ġ
˵¾ʹվȻȥ׼һЩ
⻰ʯͷ˵أԼӵҶ˵ʲôţҽԺЩҽǲῴˮƽǻҡ
ǵʱô˵ģ˵Ҫַλķն󡣡
㿴˼ҽ˵ģ
⻰ʵ̵ͦģҲ͵̣ҲôҵרҽףǺ¡
λҪرרҵĹؽҽġ
ٴ㣬Ǿ͵ؽھˡʡĿǰܶҽԺûרŵĹؽƺ˶ҽѧ
ǽҲûģǵӽǿ˵Ҫλǲѡ񡣡
͸˵ַλȥǲҪСĵء
һЩѸԵĹؽλǽҲ˵ܸλȥҲΪҽԺͬǽ˼䣬ϾҶͬУ֪ͬͬеĲס
˼費𣬰ҽԺˮƽޣ˼Ѿˣ˵̨ⲻͬи¡Ҳ¡
õҽ
ϵ˵ͷǲ֪ҽԺЩҽ˵ж֡
ʲôҪ˵
ǹǿƵ⣬Щж֪ǹǿƵ⣬Ƿ˵⣬˵ʲô
㽲˻𣿡
ҿ
һһ˳˵ı飬Բ̯˵
ʯͷ˵֮󣬱ҲֻЦ²۰ҽԺСҽҽõ£˵Щʲô߰Ļ
˵˵ʱ򣬷µɫ
ɫŵˡ
˵ģ⡣
µʱüͷһ׼߳ŵ۷һ˵е㲻̫ˣʣ㣬㣬Сˤ𣿡
أ붼ػء
Һѣ϶ʮСʱûˤ
Ҳûˣ֪
Ȼ⻰֮ɫٴ͵رҶͷϸͣð
ϸ
쿪գֻӲƤͷҺڻ治ַλˣǵøһ񾭼ͼŲһ˵
ʱ˽εתתͷԼߵļǶ±ˡ
źһ󣬿µı顣
ͷ촽Ȼ˵ҪյãҪһ񾭼ͼҲϣððʧʧؾ͸ҺӸλˣȻԭ򶼻ûɣ
⡫һ仰ˡ
ϴѧҽԺ

񾭼ͼǲܼġԳСȥ˹ǿĿƿңȻܼӰˡ
˿̣µ
һʼֻǺˤӴˣûע⣬Ϊ󲿷ֵĸԹؽλ͸ûʡ
ԹؽλĲˣҲ˺üٸ
඼ҽ̨ܵļֵĵ绰ĶࡣԾԵģԵ
ʮ֮
񾭼ͼĽˡ
µʱɫͱ鶼һӵض¡˵˼
СԵ
ǵȥڿסԺƲС
ߵԽܣͣҡͷૣܣ
ܡ
Ҽ߲硣
ɽȻҲɫ䣬ԽܣûķӦô
ɫӵؿ£ҽ֮ǰ˵
һ⡫
˵껰һת֮ǰҵ⡣
ǻҪʵⲻ˵˵顣ڲҪôȥơ
Ȼ£ԸΣԿƣƺˣûġ
ȻˣҪ취ȥ
˵˵ڡ緢֣ơ
ַλȻҪҲֻǳҪβҪθС
½⻰û̫ġ
һ죬¾Ҫ鷳ˡ
亹Ȼڲͣðš



һһʮ ˭ˣôˣ
գΪ˱鷳ִ
°ѿһλڽ˿Ը¡һ˽ͽ¡
ڽ֮󣬻Ըַλǰ۵Ĳ
Ȼ԰ڿƵϰŽڿƵļӴסԺ
Щ֮¡һ˲صشӹǿ뿪ڿȥסԺˡ

ߵʮһ֡
ϴѧҽԺҽϢԴڡɨһԱֵо
оϻ⣺ʦʦҸշдˣȳȥ˰
˵ˣʵдˡ
ֻǶ¡
ɤӵǸʦԲֺһˡ
˿ɫû̫Ĳֻ΢΢пһ󣬿ϴı飬Ž˵
Ҳֲ㣬ϾҲǾ鲻㡣
Ϊ¼ؽϰλʵǳǳټ
˵⣬һת
һ¡ٴģʮ꣬ʮˣŮӳ
ֻأǸٴʱһЩרҵ֪ʶ󰡣Ҫѧĥ²СЩδд˽̿ҪʵȥƲʹĦ
밡ǳϰԹؽλĲʲôģ
֣ṹԵ⣬̼
ǡ
һʹɳΪԵĽṹ⡣ڶˡ
ŮӵԱкǿమЩʹΣء
СӵĻ
㿴꣬ͲȻСӿʹûȫǰɣ
Ҳȷǳ֮һ
ڵСӣǼıţ
ʱҪʮֽˡ
ƿƣ㻹Ҫĥĥġ
ȻҲûﲡ˵ϰλĲҲȫ㣬´עˡ
ֵܹ£ⷽ룬֤㿴ǲٵġƽʱûٲװɣ
󻹿һ䡣
صص˵ͷ˵סԺȻϸЩ
Ǿġ
ʦԽԽˡ±ֿ
һֱҲǵʦǾ仰˺ͼʱܺúŪȥԼıģȴŪˡ
ˣȻҲȫԸ˹ؽλַλ򷢳Ժ
ԺλǺˣϰλԺǷǳӡ
ɣ
˵⣬̾һҽô
ֻܶ࿴飬ȡӦ˵£ϸٰĲ˲򡣡
ֻԼǷȱȫˣϲϰҽԺҽ
ҡҡͷԳ
¶ĴС˵ϴѧҽԺӦǸҽԺƨɵġ
ΪСҽʾȴƨɣĲ˼
վ¼򣺡⻰˵öԣвԡ
ǾԲСκҽԺͬҲûҪԷƱ
ĻͳɳߣҪߵöࡣֻǱ˱ʶ΢һЩѡ
ûʲôʱ䳤Ȳһ
ҡͷЦʦʵʵġ
Ļҵûá
˼˵˶ǶʮСӡ
ȱȻʾָָȻһתokƣһߵ

ôһ룬͸Ӿɥˡ
ؼǣҺһ¡
ҽԺ񶼻ûйؽƵרƷֳ
ʦҪ֪ˣ»ҡ¼
ҲץץԿǣ˵ô˵ĻҲ֪ôˡ
ǰҽԺʲôŰɡ
Ҳ˵ͨǹؽƺ˶ҽѧоͲʿһҲٽӴĲֵġ
ҵеСҽʲôˡ
£㲻ֵɣ
ܵ˰ҽԺһε룬ȥһÿΣϸһȥ¡ͻȻ˵
ôһ˵һ㶣ȥҽԺΣʲôΣ
ͱ´̫࣬¸սңΣԹϵܽ
֣ºʦƽĹϵ
ҲǹؽλǱиνڿؽλַλҵҹȥѧһÿΡ
ԭ֪ǸǮ١ʮֱ׵˵
±˵Ǻðҹȥһ㽲Ρ
ˣƤˣҪʵĹҲˡһ˵ţһӸһƣô͡
ںǰҲΡ¸ϽǸЦŻء

˵ҵʱϴѧҽԺƵſڡ
¡Լĸ˵裬ȥϢɣһˡҺھͿˡ
ҡͷЩʧ񣺡ȥϢɣ컹Ҫϰ࣬ߣһչ˵ùġ
ңֹ
¡Լĸ׵ļ˵衫ʵ㡣
Ҫ밡ҽû뵽һ硣
ѵҪҽרҵ
λڲҲ˵ֻܺǷǳٵ
ҵʱҲһǶ
ϴѧҽһ׼ʶⲻǺ
߹죬ȥǸҽǸɡ
̧ͷԼĶӣЩԸǸ䣿
¡ϣַ˲ǣ
˵ҪĻҲ˼ˣ˼Ҳ˰
ƵĺڶˣߵԵģڳڣܺÿơ
ҲǷֵ磬񾭵Ĺܶû̫Ӱ졣ô緢֣Ǻ飬緢ơ
Ƶúá
ԺпܼʮһӶ
˵⣬¡ֵô밡
Ǹҽô˵ҽǰһĻҽǲǾ͸ַλǾͻȥˣ
ãǾһߵûˣԺ
ǲ֪
ȻʱҲûע⡣
պڽģ﷢ӰԲ񾭹ܣ߳¡
˷﷢ҲԳּ½ӦӦٶ۵ȣ
ǵʱǲǽ첻Ӧеصز飬һôأ
ǰɣ
һɵӡһӰ¡ЦЦοԼĸף󻹿˸Ц
ΪˣΪ˸ҲΪӣ涼Ҫǵ
Ŵ¡һ£ǸɵСӣҼ߿ɲɵ龫ˡ
¡ϵⲻôߣΪǵĴ⣬ͳЩĻǲźڶ
˰ôˣȻȥϢ
ȻҰȥҽǸȥĻȥǸ
ߵһзǲеҰ
˵ȥǸȥԸҽǸ
¡ȥϢϰࡣȥɣһеġ
˵ţһԼ۽ǵˮ
͸ӵУԼôһ˵֮󣬵θЩ
¡ЦЦ˵裬ĩܹյʱ򣬻۵ǵʱءȥúϢɣҺ
۶ӣҲ۶Ӱһ裬ȥ
緹зҰȥҽԺҽúø˼ҵǸԵĻǻҪ˼ҳԸ
˵ڿƵ飬Ҫǲ˵˭ֵ˰

ͬʱ
ҽԺĹǿƶ
ܳɱŰԶϾ˵Ͼǿûʲô£ҾȻȥϢ˰ˡ
û£ܳɸ硣ҽһ춼ϢϾܳɴ󷽵ػ˻֣ȻֻϸĥܳɸĹڹؽλַλƵϡ
һֻ֣ڲͣرȻţڸƵĶʼѧ
ܳɿŶϾ㶯΢ЦЦתˡ
Ͼǲȱ̿ѧϰľģӦ˵Ĵˣܿ̿࣬Լǰеˡ
ӵģǵðѿ˺Щʱڷټˡ
ȥУ

⻹еѡ
ȻûԵֵĻôúø㹤ɡ
ܳϸؿһһƪղĵ
ĿǰرƸ˶ʿʿѧλҪ󼰹涨
Ҳû취˰
ܳĺѧҽһаûѧ粽УĿǰڵĴ󻷾֮ʲô
ûѧñƶѡ
ǣҲϣ;òƶֽڿͲԸܳȻһұ·ˡ
нǿϢ
ܲ˵ϣ˲ԸͲȥ뷨ˡ

ϡ
ϾһȻ˯ʡ
ϰΣˣǹ۵ģûйؽλֱסԺ˵
Ҳû绰ȥʾƻܳҪҪַλ
ȲѪ˷ѼǮסһϵҽԺԲ˺ͼƹ̫ľø
ϲ࣬˶Ͼ˵
ĩļв鷿Ǿŵ㵽ʮ㣬ƵĲ鷿ܿ죬ĩȻҪҽԺ鲻ࡣ
ϴһ
˿ʱ䣬Ű˵ʮ壬Ȼ߽ҽ칫ңӰĺͨסࡪ
Ѿ˰칫
ҵӰʱǰ˵ӡ
ڸ硣簡ϾԹڴк
ڿ˶Ͼ󣬱˵Ͼ磬˰֮ǰҿ˯ûϺæɣ
ãˡû˯̫̤ʵ
ûʲô⽻ģҶд˽౾ϡϾ˵
ЦЦҿˣϾ磬ȻûʲôĻȻȥɡӦþŵӾͻ׼ʱ鷿İɣ
ʦô˵ġϾء
˵ŵʱ򣬺Ȼ֣İ칫ſڣ߽İ¡
Ͼ׼ڣھվʣãʲô𣿡
ʱű칫ҵģ˼ͿǼﲡ˵ļˡ
ֵô֮УԴ֮ˣʱͿ˵
⻰ϾϽŵվǣʦֵ࣬ʲô𣿡
վıֱֻΪʲôƵϼҽԺ쵼Ӳˡ
Ҳ˵ͷûӻˡ
ֵǶϾɱ׼ǶϾʲô£ȻҽԺԺ쵼šɲұǣȥ
Ͼо˱Ұġ
ϴѧҽԺϺˡ
ϾţҲǷӦԼոеˡ
˵ţǲӲͼģһ졣ҲǰҽԺġ
ŶʱϾ͹˶һ
ǰҽԺ쵼㣬Ƕ˵ʲôĻǺЩײԱûɶϵ
ʦİϾǿʡ
˵Ͷٴʮ꣬һʦ϶
ϴѧҽԺģҽ¡ҲûΪҪʹ󷽷ؽ˳
¡
ںͶϾվվñ֮ǰֱˣ
˲֪Ͼ֪ԼܳɽһˣתȥϴѧҽԺ
ѵǳʲôô
ͬʱвͨƵĵ绰
ܿˣϾûҿ
Ҳûõԡ
ֻǼӴʣλڣʲô𣿡
ڵ绰һͷ
ιι
л˵˵¡
һ󣬲ŷΪе㲻Ծ
ϾΪվڵǰֻ˵棬סˣ⶯ºҲû֡
ûʲô飬£šЦǺǵأȻ˽ʣҿɣ
ϾϽء
ͬʱһߵλڣ˵ϴѧҽԺģôǿңǸʲôİ
ͣһ˵ģƣλ֪ĽڣͷС֪ġ
ǲͻŶڿһϼûС
Ҳ֪ôӦˡ
ϾΪǵġ
һͷϹҶ˵绰Ȼһϣһ߸̶˵绰
ЦǲЦģϴѧҽԺĽͻȻпίԱᰲŵʲôͻ顣
ǿƵǹģǾ͹㿴Ҳֱ˵ˣӣҪȥ
ΣϾ㶡
ǰϺûߴɣǹǿƶΰɣ׼µƨɶ˶٣š
ҪߴطˣǾеЦˡ
ǡΡϾæ˵
˲ŻȻЦСӣһһΪߴطˡ
Ͼʱ˶ԷϴѧҽԺĽڣȻĻ֪ϺǶε飬һû˻ȥעЩ
ܺǿЦ
ǹ𡭡űҶϾһûһ
ǹ࣬ǿƵо

˵ʮķ̶֣ȸϵ˿
Ȼ󿴵˺üͷЦЦΰ칫Ҷȥˡ
ΰ칫ңϺ˸绰㱨󣬱ʮֵۡ
ոڵģϺｲΣҲǰ˵ʲô˼ǹֵҽô
Ϻ˿ڰ·ϿųҲΪͷۡ
ⶼɶ
ôǰأ
ҺԼõʱʮӰ
Ϻ㣬ŵӵʱ򣬸˶һ£ʮԼ˽СΣҲܾ֮߮ʱŵġ
û취ԼΪΣȫܹؽλ飬ܳɺƶ˵ȥ̫
Ծ͸ҶһΡ
Ҳεػᵰ۵ǰԭ

Ϻϵʱơ
ƾϺΣλڣϴѧҽԺģҸδ绰ˣи˵𣿡
˵ˣϿεġ
Լõʱʮӡ
֪Ϊʲôǰ͵ˡϺ
һ㶣ҧҧ촽Ͼˡ
龪һ
ͷЦŶԭɰĶϾһϽҴ绰Ҳ˵
ϺҲЦ˵Ҳ֪ǻǰҰⶼû׼ʲôȥ￴ɡ

Ϻϵΰ칫ңȻź˲̶ҽ칫ȥ
칫ҵʱ򣬷ֶϾĵˡ
Ϻкֻǵ˵ͷʾҪ˵Ͼ˵
ϾϲϱţǸ˵ļܼˣֱӴС˳ȥͲ֪ȥˡ
Ǵ绰׷ˣӵ˵ϴѧҽԺȥû˵ġ
Ͼؽš
ɲܱϼҽԺĽڷԼҴƳ⡣
˵ͷ
תͷϺ佱ΣǿƵоҽƳʵܵλ
ܾƵĲˣõ˵ȥĺܲ
ϺЦţˡ
ҽԺޣֻϸ΢øȫЩЦˡ
ܺð򲻳ִʮֽ
ҾҽԺЩֵҽеƤ
£סԺȥǵֵҽһҪһûúãѧ˶½
´˿Ҳǲͣͷʾ֪ˡ
ʱ㣬ƺ֣Ҳ˽ǷֱϺ̶кºˣȴǲʶ
ҲʶλƳƵʱ΢㶡
Ǿ΢еӣ￴أ
ûӡ
ϺϽܣƣ֣٣λϴѧҽԺڣλ£ҽ
ڣҽλǿҽҽʦ֣ҽʦ
ȻϺ̸׽˵ڣǿƵҽʦҲǹؽƵģֻʡĴѧ
ϣʱЯ
ƺ֣ϴкʮֿڣҽǺá
ֻǣϺôʱ򣬺Ȼͻͱ̼һ¡
ȻһμƮ˳
ƣ
ƣ
ƣ
ָƣһץͷһߺγγʦ
ü˵ֱӺʦ֡
òе㲻̫ʰɣȻǸڣҲûôֱӽʦְɣ
ϻصڣγоʦҽƣҲʦ
ϴ˻ᡣƿѡ
վȻЦصǣ㲻γʦϴˡ
ǣ˵ˡ
Ҽ㣡ĵ
ǰ
ھŽ컪ǿϡ
ؽƻ᳡
糡ΣڶڻĵСᣬ㱨ָƣǹ֧״ͣضţɭƵġ
ٴü˵ʵˣΪƲֹһεĴԼʦԽ޴ҡΪ߲ܶѧ顣
ǴιǿᣬǼǲˣΪƲһʲôġ
ڶλ֮һˡ
ץץͷЩΣҲǰɡ
㰡ҵʱʹء
㽲ǸӵŹؽڶںͺȱ¡Źؽڷľ
ǰɣ
ʱһе𾪣ôᡣ
˵⣬ƺоˣԼƺеˣеˣ˶е±Ƶؿ
һ±ƣ
С
ĪȻִơ
ͷͣƺ֮Ųţ΢΢źϣһҧľ롣ҧʣ
¶Ȼ֮ɫ
֮䣿
ɶϵôô
Ž˵Σġ
ǰҸʦȥħμӹǿʱҽʱΪڽΣҽĿǹؽصġ
ϵҽΪᡣǵʱڣҽǽߣʶҡ
˵ЩЩ˵
ֻû뵽ҽȻڰҽԺе⡣
˼ǼЦˡ
ﻰ˼ǣҽԺ﹤
ϺͲ̶ٴתͷƺ֣١
֣෽һ˲ƣŲλãܿϺ̶Ŀ⣬Ȼ𾪵ؿơ
ƣ
ڻǿߣ
췽ҹ̷ɣ
Цİɣ
ΪʲôҪأ
ˣ
˵ͨ
ԺЦͷ˵ΣΣ̧ˣҵǲ£ԲððʧʧʦĿ͵ȥ̨˻㱨
ڼЦ˲Ŷԡ
ʱᣬ֪ߵغ񡣡
Ŷͣڣֻʦоҵ֮ҽԺˡ
ȥѾȥˣƲٶᣬȥɼܺãô˿̵ԼΪǡ
ѧ
ȻҪĶ
ֻҽԺרҵܻ޴ʩչ
ԣɫһ㶣
ȻǸ֮ɫ
ֻ˶ʿоѧô
ˣ
ȻĻôҽԺأ
ֻǣ
̫ϧ˰ϾƵʱڻ᳡Ƕ׿ڳˣԼһЩ΢򵥵ĸӹؽڷޡ
ȻIVҲ˴š
΢򵥣ǿ϶ֻƵдʶѡ
ӹؽڷޣܼô
ˣѧƣܻҽԺ
ҽԺݵô
ȻͷΪź˵ҽ
㣿
ƼЦЦ˵ڣϿΣڳ˶ֻѧѡ
ʱͬݵλȻͬ
ʵ
вʿѧѧλĻôĳɾͣȻ˵Ѿ߹϶˺ܶࡣ
ţڹؽûͷ޷棬δرȵù
ɱҵô꣬һ̨ؽûû䵽
϶ǲࡣ
ƻǾԼԺһġ
ǼϧĻҲǲ˵Լĸ׵Լ
ƲôãһӣӶԻǲġ
Ψиĸһ𣬱㲻ɸı䣬Ҳ޴Ӹı䡣
ĸ֮Ҳѻ
̸ϵ飬ƼԼѡǶԵġ
Ժ󻹿Զ鸸ĸʱ䣬رĸ׵ʱ䣬ôˣ㡣
һ춼á
ŻȻϿβҵǸ˰ҽָ㣬ҺҽոǸϰλô¡
ȻĻǸؽλһʱϵȥ
һж͵ͨˣҽԺԭ˸
Ǿ˵ͨ˰
Ȼѧ
Ǳ£ѧȴء
ңȻﴫԿ߮ţһֱãڶ߮ɱ
Ҫ߮ȥ㸴ӵĹؽڷIVδúܺá
ֻ벻Ϊβ격ʿٹԭѵħô
ƺ˻˵ʱ˶ͬ顣
Ϻ˿̶˵
˵ɶnie
̶˿Ϻ˵Ҳ֪ѽ
Ϻٿ˿̶
⣬Ҳ±ˡ
̶˿ϺС۾գգ͡
ҿˣǻ˽Щҽˡ
ʲôؽλ
ʲô
һĪʱ򣬶Ͼ˿̵ģ𵴵ģΪǳ֮⣬Ψһ֪ˡ
ԭܳɸ˵ĻǼ򵥵غͲӲգôľ٣Ȼָܹ㵽ϴѧҽԺĽϡ
ֱҡͷڣҲؽλַλ
ؽλַλһ㶼ǿҵСҽڸ𡣡
Լᡣ
˵ʵؽλַλǹؽƵĻѧϰߣûһֱN㼶
ƻؽûؽλַλ
Ȼ᲻ᣬǵרҵģԲ̶ǶԣƾǴǻؽڣϸλܸ㣬Ҹúá
ϵͳѧϰ˶ԣڹؽλַλϣվġ
֪
ǳ˳ҽῪЦ
Ȼǲš
˵ţͷܳҲ˰칫ҵſڣܳ칫ҷƳһۡ
ŵһ¡
׼ȥϢҴ״ӡ
ܳɣȽ
ܳԶԶġһƶ֮
ҲֻӲͷƤ¶
·վſڵĺͶǧʢʱܳɵ΢΢һ
·̶Ϻʱܳɸоȫе䡪
˵ʵھ֣ٺƶŹֻʶĲ̶ϺǧʢǱ¡
ǲαǸΣλҲࡣ
ûĲ
ȴֻܳץԣ˵ڣҸ˵СҽˣǿƵĴ󲿷ֹؽλַλġ
Լֻ򵥵λʵǲ˵Լġ
Ӧ֪Ϊʲô
ʵ˵꣬Գ̾һΪΡ
ʱЩĿɿڴؿưܳôСץǰԿ΢е崻
ơ
һҪôǺҿЦҪô˵ı
Ȼ˿ˣҲһӦı顣
ͷŤŤо綼Ŷ⣬񶼺ڿЦƵġ
ƵĿ糣˵
һΪ



һһʮ ô򣡣
ƵıȻҲΪ̹
ǻᣬǲᣬֱֱȥΪԼ˵ԼؽλַλͲǸؽƵҽˡ
Ӧ˵ؽλַλǹؽżļܣѧ
ɹؽԶԶֹؽλַλһ顣
ͺñµʳԲСΪǿ̡
̹ȻĻȻҪ΢һӡ
ñȶϾһֱΪܳɵĹؽλַλǸƻġȻ룬ƾΪеܡ
ԼǿоƲȴܳɣȻҲԼŬĵԵʡ

ϾһʼǾеġ
оʱܳҪãƾʲôأ
ڣƺϾԼҵɣƸƷˣΪʺúͻʵڣʱĭ
˶ϾʵӲܵºˡ
תͷ˿ܳɡ
еۡ
˵飬ƽģǻܺýܵ㣬ϾǹؽרƵģ
ǼΪרҵĹؽҽͬУָͬ͵㲦ʱе飡
ɿ˿ܳɣ
С
ҲͶʮɣ

¶ʱоԼ飬Լֱͣţƨȥˡ
̶Ϻ˵ûưܳƳϾᣬҲƻֱӰܳƳʲô׵ĵط
Ϊ֮ǰܳɾѾڿﳣؿչؽλˣû
ٲˣǫ˵Ȳܳɣʵ˲ûȥ
ǵĿעȫϡ
Ȼ֮䣬Ƹİ
ʶƣƾǿһô̧꣬ͷͷƳ̵ϰ߻ǲ̶һִģʱƲ̡
̶͵˸꣬ҲİƵԼ׽֮ˣŸô
ڿйоصı֣Ҳ˽Ͽɣ˽
ڡ
ϺˣԼʶˡ
Ӧ˵ǴδʶƵĿ

ȻҲʶƣ

ĳԼаӣܳɾԼǰһ󣬴Ҷ˵ˣҲѹе
ΪŵؿڵʦҵĻֱˡ
ҾԲ졣
ȻܳҲƽʵʵʱ򽲳˾δһð㿴ϵˣΣ
ʲô˵ʵҲڿ㡣Ʒ˷ۡ
Ȼתͷ̶Σ˵СǲǷǳҽ
̶С׵ͷֻȴû˵
Ϊ̶֪ò˵Ҫô˵ڹؽƵһףҲ˵ٴ˵
ܳɻҪƾ˱˻ԣϽȥ
רεϿεġԶǿͣҲʦ
ȻҪ
ܳɶʱɴ⣺õģʦȥˡ
˵꣬Ͻȥ
Ҳ΢ÿ˵ӣϺ˵Ļᡣ
ϺΣģȻϳ
ƾԼûҪεضǰ棬ôҶΡ
ȥͶȥˣһ˲ڶԼ㣬޷Լƽʵѳ
͹һ
ϺŵǣңҡҰ
ڣҰϿΣûӭӡ
˵Ҹɳӵġ
ڣҽ룬Ϣ
Ƹ̨£ȻվˣһΪͶ¡
һصΣǺҽΪԼ飬ǰˣôܹأ
һ߻أҲһ߸Ϻΰ칫ҷ
Ϻ˶ˣȥƵ˭⣬еԽ޴ˡ
ϾҲˣϺ˸Ͳʶơ
ֱǰϹӣҲǿϧŲ

Ϻ˰ź֮󣬺Ȼ´ơ
촽ʣСޣؽûô˵أ
ƱתͷΣҽˣԺƵʱ򶼽ˡѾǹȥˡ
ƵȷԼרҵĹؽҽûȥôأ
ΣûԼĴλβ˵Ҳܡ
תͷ̶Ҫƽ衣
̶һ˷۵ӣɶ˵Ҳͬ⣡
˵꣬ĵعƵļС۾ʹʵգţһػƣȥ˵
ƴ칫ȥˡ
̶ģһϹӣôôС
̶۾СϺв̶ۻ߲Ϲӣ̶˸κ󣬸Ӿûôˣڣľá
Ϲèӡ
ֱˡ
һܳɣһƣTM˭ס
Ҫ֪Ƕһôǣѳ֫˺ͼ֮Ĺǿҵ񷶳룬ָ˹ǶƣϾ֮ǰҲ㡭
ڣƲ̶ԺϵĲҲãҲá
ڿĵλˮǴߵġ
MLGBġ
֣ٿźŲ̶֣Σ鷿𣿡
´֣٣ʣʲôģҲ֪ܲҲ
֣ٶʱͷ͵ɡ
ͷЦͷؿ㣬˽ţһѹǺӳȡ
ͷͷ
̾һ˦һͷ
ˡ
ôƺܳ©Ŷ

ŵʮ֣ϺԸ˸Ͻʼ鷿ŵʮ˶׼ʱϿΡ
Ϻûв̶ͺģҡҲǸ̶εģǼȻ˿ңȻˡ
Ϻȥ֮ȴڰ칫Щձ
һڲ裬ζһζ˵ΣʵĽΣʱ֪ͨңҶûü̫ȫ׼ĿμҲǰġ
ҪԼһʱ䣿
°ҽ߲ҵƵ潲
ǣΪҽԺûйؽƣ㽲ݱܺŪŪȥˡ
ڣ׼ȫ£һ׵ڡ
ǻ᲻ᷢʲô˽»ͷȥʦ²һ¡
ϿΣǶ಻ʣ
Ϻæ˵ڣ⻰̫ˡϴѧҽԺרңڣһÿΣǻǼ֮飿
ǿҶԹؽƵ˽൱ԴӻǶ
Ҳһʵ
ʱԼеúܸߣе̫ˡ
ΪϴѧҽԺĸڣڻû̫ķɵΪڻǰ棬ҲĴ׬죬ǰ
ɽ죬Ǿ΢жûס
Ҫ֪ܹϻǿ㱨ģĲһ˾͸ȥϵġ
ȫͬͲֹǶԼһ˵ˡ
γڣŶںѾԺʿˣҰƷųǿ϶Ƶõ˵Ͽɵġ
γ˵˺ܶˣΪƿ·
ܲô
ˣҲֻӲͷƤˡ
Ͼŷ⣬ѾԼǰ
ǰ˵õ飬˿ʱܾĻͲˡ

ŵʮ壬̶ʹ˲˷黹ڲߡǧʢǰʹ˽ҡ
ϾԼĲ˼ûҪģȨܳ˵ĲҲסԺǰˣ˾ֻҪҽҩ춼ˡ
ҩһμɡ
ǰĲֱǰ飬Ҳȥҽҽ칫ҡ
Ϊ࣬Իʿһߵλû
˶Ͼܳɣ˵ܳɸ磬ȥҸλɣ
ܳ죬Ȼе⶯˵ȵȵȰɣɳ˶վûġ
λܹ¼ҽȥӶа˸˭˭
ϴѧҽԺҽҪվ
ܳð⡣
Ͼ˽Ųܳһصϼҽݰ١
ŵʮ֣˶ˣֻϺκµˡ
ǧʢ֣Ӷ˸Լλϡ
˶ΧŽվš
ܿ죬ϺˬʵĽ̸ƺѾˡ
Ϻ˵ڣȻҪ˰ʱ仹ԣĻһϣڸһٳĽѧ
Ҳ𣺡ɣˣûġʮ룬͵øϻȥ
Լ˵ʱ䣬һ챻Ϻڿ
Ϻü˵ڣһҶ緹Ƕʮ롣
ȲԷ˰ɣ´лٳ԰ɡǾԼһ·
ΪڣٳˣȻеҡ
Ҳ֪ǲǴɣϺ˵ţҵĴžͱ˿Ȼ󺺾һƳ
˴Ű״ӵϺ˺ϼƴٶȣõǰͣ¡
һʵҽҽǹǿưɣ
ƵҽǰѲ
ʱеɵ
µĽԳ˳顪
ⲻ
ϺǿһۣȻصǹǿƣȥʿվϾͻֵҽġ
Ȼ֪ĲʲôԶǿͣȻ¼ҽĹ
һǹ۵Ļǲǵʱ
⻰Ĺ̴Ҵҵذѿһᣬ˳ȥ
ϺͰ˽ҡ
Ȼٴθ˶֣صؽͷĿģ̨ϣԼỤҵԼ콲εpptطǷڷǳǳĵͼ
Ȼǲڵġ
Ϻ˲ӣ
̧֣֮ͣ㿪ˡ
ʱҵűˣ
ȻһԴץſڵһ˸˵һ˱ǰƽһ
ƶվŵܳʹһɫܳɱ̻⣬ĬĬƿ˵ߵ˽ҵſڣһţȥˡ
̲ûдŵĽΣԴˣҲǳţװû
˵ķʽãǸϴΣһЩ˿;ߵıȱȽǣϰˡ
ܳɳţڱ˵ܳɸ磬˼ûףдǸؽλ
ˡ
һ˵ţһͷΪǸ⡣
ֵ࣬˲ҪܳǾеεġ
ϾҲ֪ؽλΪܳɺƣֻΪϺ⡭
û£һȥɡܳʶػһ䡣
ʲô˵ڸ磬Ҫȥΰɣһȥˡ
ʮ⶯ᶨҡҡͷأҰæܳɸ硣
Ȼھܳһ˻ʿվ
ܳɿƽƬ֮󣬱㿴˹һۣȻСĶԲ˵˵ǿǸǣǡǽϱеͷ
ǻһؽڽиؽڣؽλˣʹҲ߲·ڸ׵úܡ
˲ϵͷʵһ±ơ
룬ʲôͷǵġ
źԿɶϵ
ҽԺȻҽģֲ
ҪλˡܳΪϸظ˼ţһΪλǰ̸Ϊ˸ڽ⣬ס
ܳɽô࣬ȫġ
ں˼ҪĿΣΪֵϲˣܳԼܹ̣һ֮нѧĻһѣѧ㶫ôܹһȱʧÿεĿհס
һƵƵͷ
Ϊܳɰѹؽλú飬齨һֱ͵Ŀܣڼ÷񣬱ˣҲ
ԣҪһַλȿܲܲκá
ַλȥˣǾͲҪˡûλȥĻͱҪ
ҪٷְٱյĻǾֱ϶λȥ˰ѡȨ˲Լ
ǹصģǱ˽ţûƤûۡ
ͷᶨ˵ҽţˣԲ
ʵû취ǲ
ԼĹȻˣСģǮƽʱԷԲԳʮһٵģʮʮ壬ʡʡ
ܳɽʱ򣬹ھѾһԿҽ
ãȽ·ѣȥ׼¸λҪõĶ滹Ҫʯ࣬Щ
һסλɹҪϢһµһ£ʱ䣬ҲܸɻȻĻվӲ˰ܳ磬ýŲʹ
ȥɻʹһɶġ
ǵʱԼַλͰˣµˡ
֮ҪԱ˽ҲҪʺġ
еˣ칫ҵģǮģ㲻÷ԸҲ֪Ϣǹ˲һǳеĽɫͱĸԼȥеһ
Ҳҽ֮һ
޲£˶졣
úúãæͷֻֻͣͷճ̾һ
Ĺǰο˵ҪǮġʱͷûй˸㱨ɡ

ʮӺ
ܳȻһ߽һַλܳɾ˵ǹؽڸλĵ죬ǹײ
ؽλ֮Ǻ¡
ǳƵžĻ͵Сǹˡ
֮ǻҪȷ
ʮӺ󣬲˺͹ǧл߳˲
ѻֹ˵˶ҽԺθðҪü٣һ£Żٶࡣ˸ʯȥҲ󰡡
ǰҽɷѵʱ򣬿ʯĲϾҪһһʮǮء
ԣٴεͷܳɴклл㰡ҽ
ɤźܴ˶ˡ
ĽΣҲ;ͣһ¡
ȻټΣ
˵ţлл㣬ܳɸ磬û뵽ؽλô˼
ǰܳɵ˵ͷ
ЦЦؽλַλٴУҽܹٻҳɾ͸еĲ֮һ
ʱ򣬲ʹ
ֵϻ⡣
еĵӰҽĸо۵ַλûô񡣡
ڼͷ
ܳɸ磬ҽöѧѧȻܳɣڴ
Ҫ߽εʱ
ҵֱˡ
һα˽
ɫɥεܳɸ磬Ƚȥɡ
ܳҲֻÿڣƿŷɺСġϣȻ˽ȥ
û뵽ʱܳϸоԼֻ¡
㿪һȻǹڷϢ
ְܳƿ˸ϣȻ˳ȥ
̨ϣɨһ뿪ܳɣȻƿ𴦣ϾǹǿƵڶλŹؽںλݣȻŹؽڻǰλ෽λλλȵȡ

ʮӺ
ƺǲܳһ·ôӽҾ
лл㰡ҽ磡һСӸܳɵлɤɺܴ󣬷ǳò
뽻Һܽ
ٴζ˶٣ͣһ¡
MDжɡ
ܳƿţصûϳȥֿܳɹӺְƳˡϡ
ȥˡ
̾
ǽ

ܳɳţͿںͲ˽̸
̸ĴݣԼ֮ǰ̸Ĳࡣ
ʱһݰ磬̸ô̸Σ
ѳˣҪҪַλȡܲܰ
û˵ڡ
ϾҲûôࡣ
һ߰ʮϊ֚
ϱʮ꣡
ܳɱ㿴飬ƬӣȻٿϊ֚ļﲡ
ܳɵ̿һ¡
һ¹ڣɤӣʾҪ˵ˡ
ֹ̻ͣ˵
˵ϱܳһ¹ڣڱ㲻ҽˡ
ʣҽôɱҰ
ܳüͷ㣬ȱż˵
ȻƬϿֻǸؽλʵϰܻͨļؽλǵո˴ţȷһ¼ؽΧļ֯ûпѹ
ȻٿҪơ
ոչҽҲûؽλǿѡַλλģѡַλһЩǲʺַλġ
ܳɽ͵
ɲ˺ͼʱü
˵ϱ˵ɸոչҽ˵ȿַλġһԸλȻȥ˴𣿡
ǶˣһĹؽλأǲǾͿԲ˴𣿡
ϊ֚Ҳ̧ͷеήҵصǰҽʹҲȸֹʹɣʹÿҪˡӴιӴι
һ˵һʹ
ܳɱ촽˵㡣ôġ
ҽԵĶˣǲܹһԵġո˴ţռҲܿģ鲻˶ʱ䡣
Ȼ̫̫˵֚ʹǹؽλʹֹʹҩ̫ãҪλСλ֮ǰǵϸظ
ܳʵ˿˵ף˵ĹؽλȻǰѣǰѵķΧе󣬶ǰѵյе⡣
ַλĽ֢һ࣬ظλ
ҪȷŶͷλòС
ϊ֚̾һһֱֵĸ첲˵ҽţʹȸҸһ¸λҲʹټ鿩
ǰҽ
ֲ鰡ȥ飬ڡҲ̫ʰɣ
Ҹոչҽ˵һַλʵڲתġֱӿ˹ڣùڵĻܳɵ죬Ϊܳɾ͵Ϊ顣
սսϽ˵Ҹոոǽƣҽ϶û
һˣ϶ûĻǡ
˵ϱͲͷⱨдˣؽǰλҪô
ҽ׻᲻ῴῴĻǿҵκϼ
Ҳ֪ǿܳɺ͹ᣬǰ˵һ¶Ǿ;ܳɺ͹ῴ
ڶʱе£ǳεؿܳɡ
ܳ̾һ
˵㣬𳳣𳳡
ﻹкܶסԺϢǲʡ
ǵξڿҵĽĻ΢һǵڿᣬȥǻ㱨һвУ
ϽȥΣῴ˷ʱ䡣ϱͷذܳƬӶ˹
ܳɱϽȥƽ
Ȼʦ˺пŶͷƵŹͷĺ󷽣˲˴ţҵĻˡǵҪϼȥС
ƱͷҲܳһ˳ȥ
ʱĽҲൽβ
Ƶ˻ʿվ󣬲ûеֻܳɵһ֮ԣ濴Ƭ֮Ͳ֮
ӡ
ƲŵҽǵǶԵġǵҪ˴ŲС
пܡ
ƻŸ˵꣬긾ŮͳǾһİɣ
ȻָŹڣʼʱ˵ȻͿԸλˣȻ
ָܳɡ
˵Ҫ˴š
ڰҲô˵Ծڻ˵Ȼָܳɡ
Ǿôϣǲô𣿡
Ƴһ˵ҪҪĽ͵ֻĻ͸˵Ҫˣһ⿴ôüأ
ôҽҽ໤ѧ˵ˣҵȻ˵һܸΪʲôҪһף
ҽȥ飬Ϊȷϡ
ǺһģԡﶼˣһġŮ˲۲ӣһʮֿ͹۵ɡ
ſԱƬΪǶĿǰҽܹ߸ˣ̫ˣǰסҲȥװԼֺ㡭
ܳȻǺһ鰡
⻰ģƶ÷ˣ˭ǺһģȥƬһòã
ǿ飬˶ڡ
רΪĸ׿в
Ͳ˽͵ʱϺӭµ˴ӽ˳Ϻǳ˵ڣлл㰡ʵˡ
ҵȻǰһ緹һҪ˷֮ߡ
ϺôţŮ˱㳯һָǿҵģûƬ
迴в
Ƶʱ㵰ֱˣá
Ҳûӣ˵Ƭûҿǿ
ƿָɲϽҡͷͣλϴѧҽԺĸڣϿεġģֻѡǿƵˣҲö
ҽԺôָʹ
ô˵ţϺеεؿָϽ˵ڣеᣬȥϢ
ȥһ¡
һȥɣΡ
ĺ棬ƵΪʲôôŵġ
ǣе㺦£һҽ˹ȥ
ҿô죿
ֲʲô֮
ľš
ϺϽǰǰԶԶʣãǿƵΣʲôԸ˵
˵ߵ˲˺ͼǰ
긾ŮǿƵҽҽҽ໤ڿڲһ
һҽ˵ַλһ˵Ҫȼ顣һҲ˵Ҫ顣
ҵ׸˭İ긾ŮҲǻǵúܣȫͰⶪƺܳɼҽϡ
ţϾͲϺͺ͵Ǹ
ԲΣҺͲ̸Ļûͺ̸ַλķЩˡ
ڻҪ˵Ϻס
ڲ˵ǰҪ⣬˵ǶԲ˵Ĳء
Ϻܿ͵˲˵ǰˣֵҽǿƵΣϼҽϼҽȨֵסԺҽʦнѧġ
ҽרҵԣ
ҽͲˣβֲһҪһҧˣǰɣ
ȻҽҪĻǾپһƷϺͦƣص
Ҫ̫ԲҶ࿴ֻƣֻϣƸ㣬˾вźá
긾Ůʱе㼱ˡ
ϺΣҲܳɺƣô죿
ţǣǣ
ǡ
ڣܲ鷳迴ֱӿϣϴѧҽԺҽֹ
Ϻɫʱһ䣬˵ϴѧҽԺĽڣֲǿҵԱôҪ󡣡
긾Ůָܳɼ˵Ǽ໤˵Ҳ￴ˣҪ㿴
⻰һʱ˵ɫһ䣡
ԽǵűҽԺĽھﺰҺ
˱˽
ѡ˵ط
̶ǸϽǸ˵ڣ˼˲̫Ĺء
룬ȥΰ칫Ϣɡ
ҲͷЦЦʾ⡣˳Ų̶ķΰ칫ȥˡ
Ů˼״ɫʱ䡣
ȻŭǶһȺĵûһöֻǮֻż顣ʲôΣʲôڣȫƤǣġ
ҽβ˲ӦģòǼ顣
⻰ʱɫһڣŲ΢˶١
ô򰡣Ե޹ʵذװ


һһʮ Ի
̶ͺ˵Ľһ£Ͻͷ׷׶ͣڣ˼߰ɡ
ŷˡ
ǳ˳飬ȻԼ֣֮ܵҲֻܰѿˮ̡
˼ûָգٽӻԼˡ
ν˵ģſǸǲܵˡ
ΪϸϽҽԺûԼҽƱҰҽԺҲûҽԺĻ뵥ִҵȨ㲻
˵ˣЦظˡ
գûãȵ˾ʱʦɲϵĴ
ҽƳ˴󣬱һжҪ˵ˣô˵ô
ûִҵȨ㿴ƨ
ң˹ҵǰҽԺĺţֻҽԺƹϵϴѧҽԺκεƹϵ
£δؾ
Ӳڽգ˵޷ΪҽԺ˻Ȼɧ
ֻܹԼù˲ˡ
Ų̶˸Ͻȥΰ칫ҡ
ڣڣ긾Ůֱ꣬ˣʱе㼱ˡ
ΪԼôһ£ָܹܹϺǵĴȻԼŵõƣѽʲôġ
ܹڰҽԺ͵õϴѧҽԺĽڸſһˣǶõ鰡
ϧ򣬲ûгķС
Ϣûó룬ּһ¹ڳģġû뵽ǡ
긾Ů⻰Ϻɫ̱
ݺüͷȰ˵λŮʿעĴǣ
ʦϿεģͿġûǹʲôҽƹϵҲҪûĸ׿ĻҾͱˣ
긾ŮϷſֱŵΣƿڴ
㻹
㱨
ʲôƽڣʲôҽƹϵʲô񣿡
ҽ˿쾭飬ǿˣ񡣶νҽƹϵڵĿʲôƨڡ
Ǹҽӹҽ
ڣƨڡ
ϺҲ˵ˣֱӴˡ110ʵǴ˰Ƶĵ绰
ޱҪǲֵһȥ
˵˶Է˵ϻҽԺ
긾Ů״㶣Ϻ㻹汨˰㻹
ҽԺںҿһֻǮҶûʲôʸ񱨾
Ǳ˭˭
Ҳ
ܳɴ˿ע⵽˱Ϻıŵòᣬп־֮ɫҲʹԶͷϲϸңУκδ֪Ŀշȸ
ܳɱǰ˵㣬òã
ģȻҽԺĻĸȥҽԺ𣿡
ڿܵġ
긾ŮԣͶܳŭûʸ˵ᣬֻ˵һͨ
ΪǮɣ
ǶΪ˻㣬Ŷ˵İɣԲŲԸβİɣ
ҿΪǮԲ飬ʵʲô鶼ûУҽ˵òġΪǲ˿ǵģ໨ǲ˵Ǯ
ðɡ
ܳɵʱֱӸˡ
Ʊ㵽Ҫ֣û취ġ㿴裬ڵλˣ㵢ÿһӣʹʱ䡣
긾ŮãΪǣǺһţڶѾˣʹˡ
ȫǺġҲܣǱҽ⡣
ҽԺģˣǾ͸취Ժ긾Ů˼ˣǿ
Բż
ƣ˵ôʲôѾȫ绰ˣ
û취̸ĻȻȰȫ˵ˣȥȫ졢ȥ̸
߻Ҫȥкڡ
ţſ˿߱ˣ˵Ů߶Ļô˵Ҳᵢʱ䡣
˵꣬Ϻˡ
ΪϺһ£˴뵽ǾûκγϵĴҲûԲ˽Ƶġ
ǲԼǵΣǾûʲô˵ˣô߳ˡ
ֻҪû˸֮ǰǿҾܾơ
ɹѡĻȨ
ôˣôҽôҽˣ㲻Σ긾ŮϺҲҪߣʡ
ǰҪϺס
Ϻϻͷ˵Ǹ飬ȥ𣿡
ΪʲôҪ飿ǿĻǵҽģǲǾֻż飿ûͲῴˣ긾ŮȻȥһĿΪΣ
ڽľҪôƵ飬ƫƫһż飬ô˵ĵҽ
ϺͶ˵ƣдڲϣǿҾܾԽһȷϡ
ƱͷҪȥдʱ긾ŮϷӦѹеĲ
ȻһѰѹдŲ˺
Ȼָ˵ðǰҽԺҽǰɣ
ҪعǣҪعǵΪ
˵ţҪֻʼ¼
ָ˵Ůʿֻ¿ҽԺĿΪ˸ĸ׿Ǻܵġ
ܼĻܲ鷳˵绰ǴŲȥƣ
Ȼ˭ε飿
Ҫ¼ĻҲҪ¼ˡʱļ˿ȥӰ죬ĺӣƵ֮ķӦ
Ƕεġ
ƵĻ긾Ů㶣ɫһᡣ
ԥһ󣬶ǰֻҧ˵ǼֱһȺⲻ¹ͷİɱ֣ѪһֻǮ
ӣٴʵŮʿһȷһ£ǶãĸڵҲȷǻڷǳרҵǵġ
ҪһȷϣѡƷǷܾһ飿
긾ŮһҲˣ
ĵĵطˣ
裬ߣǾҪǮ
긾ŮǱǾ䣬ϣļ˺ͺӿڷŵĲܣֻźǳ仰ŵˡ
ƻǷǳ׼˵˼ģϾǰħġ
ħĻ̻̣ȨأܶһЩѧᴧĦĵĻҽǺѵġ
ˡ
˶һ
ĳСһЩ֣֮ٲϸ˹ȻȸƵǸƸ磬˼Բûϵֵܣ鷳ˡ
˵·ǹûǰڱΪǵȺͲ̸Ƶˡ
˵ķС
ȴҡҡͷƽ˵ô˵ٸ硣
ǽ˸ӣ㲻Ҫ˵ʲô
¼ҽ֮࣬¼ҽıʣʶԼ֪㡪
ϼҽʦԸġ
ǹܴҴﲻϵطֺԼĶ̰壬ǹסԺҽʦ淶ѵĿڣѾƾĻȫûбҪסԺҽʦˡ
֣ٱ⻰˵΢еɵˡ
ŶõġﱾʹڼĻɢˡ
Ʊҡҡͷܳɵļܳһˡ
Ȼǳεض֣ٵǸ˵ԺҲˡ
֣ٱµĻȻ˿ٿҲûˣúŬɣʦǶԵġ
壬ҪϵʶԼ᷸ҪĴ󡣡
Ȼ֪Ϊô۽Ͷļʶ֣Ҳı仰۷ˡе֮ǰ֮ǰ˵ġ
ڻĹǿῴơ
ȥΰ칫ңϺԸǸ˵
㱻ϺͲ̶¥
û˼ԷˣһˣҪʶûһɧȥνǵù͸ˣﻹҪԷ˼
ܹڰҽԺһ֮顣
뿪ǰ͵͵ʲ̶ҪƵϵʽ̶ȻΪôִҲǱǺ¡
Ƶǰкô͸ˡ
ֻڸƵĵ绰Ұ֮󣬲̶е
ǵϺɸˣദ̶İƵɽӰ˿ġ
ƱˣҲ֪ûпۡ
òͻܳأǱƥˡ
ʵ̶ǾģһԼֳĴײˣȴҪһһŵر˹ߵܡ
и˵ǰ̣ǰ̣ɱ֮Ҫ
ǽ
ȥѪԵĸĸŮһеദǽ
̶ɫЩʧ䣬͹ļһ£۵ϲ̣װʲôأ
ǲǾƺܳɶѴҪ㻻һ£
̶ʱС۾˵оʦǣô˰
ӣ̶˺һ¡
ʱͬβ͵èָŲ̶㲻Ҫ˰һΪҵ˸񣡡
ҪΪ
ӵġ̶ҡҡͷȻִЦݡ
ɫһ粻һMLGBģϹӣ

ưܳɴҽϢңƴ˿üͷ塣
ܳЩ޹ؿƣʣʦҽǲ鰡
ȻЦЦһתΪЦ˵ûУû飬أٴҽĵһԭûһ㶼û
ֻǳһѡ
֮һЩҪΪܳ˵ˡ
٣ܳɲʲôλȥַλǲַλӦҪȥŪˡ
ǸˣҲǸҽ
ͷβܳɶһĪ⣬ʲôλǱ۾ȥĻܳɵǲϹأ
ҲûΪߵǰλķȣ̫ˣֹֹͣҲ൱죬϶Ҫ˴ſŶͷĳͷûƹŹͷ
ȻĻôλҲǰϹͽ޹ġ
ŶͷƵŹͷı󣬱൱㲻ŷҪײ
ⲻͷƤѪŵţ㻹Ҫײأ
ãǳ˳顣
ʦûôκðɡܳɷ˷ۡ
˵꣬Ʊ֮ǰһֱﶼڻ㵽ֵܲܵǽ찡Ҿãܹʸֵˣ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
ܳɻ治
ΪԼȫʸ񰡣ȼûʸʲôʸ
ܳǲַλΪеĹؽλַλ϶Ȳùַλġ
һʵ֪覴ãһ¶壬е֪
ȻתеַλӦ;Խ֢ȥλġ
Ϊǵס֢Ƶ
Ҳ֪㵽ôİʦеʦֵܣʦŵĵһ죬ѹؽе֢Ҫס
Ҫ֪ΪΪ֪ΪΪ
Ժúѧϰһ¡ǵһΣؽ̸ܳɣʦ˽
ܳһ㶣űɴ۾ƣʦʦŵʲôĴڰ
žҪ˽컨ʲôֵģ
֢Ĵڣ컨Ķڴ֮£ֻǳıݣܹ֢Ƹ߿ʽµ⡣
ǴƳ棬¶ȼ
ܳģ⸱йôһξȻȻؾ뵽һ㡣
ƵʱЩȻؿܳɣ¶֮ɫΪʲôô룿
Ϊ˸һӣ㲻Ҫ
ҲʹΪʲôĹ涨
ǰԼĴʦʦĽͣϵȻһΧ
ɣһܳɵĻƺ
Լһֱķ򶼴ˣԭʦ˼
Լĥô꣬ûĥ׵顣
ܳô뵽ˣ
ѵ飿
֪ܳƵ뷨϶׷ʡ
˭Ư

Ӻ
Ʊܳɷ˳ܳȥæԼˡ
Ų귿˻û
߽ܳ칫ҵʱ򣬷ֻжϾڣȨȴѾˡ
ʣȨأ𣿡
Ͼ˵ţȨ˵еҪҪȥͰѲ˽ˣûϵģܳɸ磬ȨǱߵ鲻ࡣ
Ͼڵļֵ໥æ
ǰǲںܳȨûκͻ
⣬Ϊ֣Լ̫ණܳҪѧԼܳɣҲٴͻˡ
ȻΣǽ죬ƺϺǶźƫ̻ܳһĻ
ȻƺϺ˶ǿΪ֮һĻȴöϾ˼
ܳɿ϶ϺƵΪҪģĻΪ˻סˣҲܳһѿûС
Ŷ
һ㣬ҷҲûҲҪֵࡣ컹ˣȥϢܳæ˵
Ϻİж֮ҵ֮ˣϾ׵塣
Ͼû˵ʲôҲܳˣԼͶϾȨһģôϹͷŽ
˵Ǿһģܳɵİ౻ˣôһҪҶϾȨûɣҲҪɡ
˵ӽǡ
ԣܳҲбҪԶϾǸһЩԸѧҲԸӵĻԸͷ
ֿܳϾҲͲˣаɣһҩܳɸ㿪ҽƼ¼

ʮʮһ֡
Ȩҽרõĵݣ˴ȻſڵСһ֮
ٵԱ߽˺ܶӡӵǽϣϹģȻٴһҶԼͷŪģרŷ˼Ƭ˵Ҷ
ЩͿ˸ոտǸ긾Ů˳
Ͻȥ빪ӣ긾Ů˵̣ҺöܸܲҵǮȥٷԣ
긾Ů˿鷳أûǮ
̣
CN̡
Ȩ⶯˲ٵעҲֻһ£Ǿתȥ
Ȩߣ׷긾Ůͷ˵̣ͿҰɣĶ˺ܶˡҵǮȥԷɡ
Ȩô˵ŵʱϵϊ֚ˣѩ⺢ӵǮɣǸѧ޶ֿġ
ʹҵǮðɡ
ѩ⻰͵裬Щ˶ƭӣ㿴ģȥɻֻ֡
һƭӣ·ǲҪϡ
ϊ֚˵ܲģ㿴ôڣôݣ϶ǿˣûǮԷˡ
ֲ㡣
Ȩʱͬ⵽˱
ģҺڻô
ˣϊ֚Ǻˡ
ѩ˿ȨÿǮȨŶʮģ˵ϽߣĲźúù
Ҫ
һӵȨϣҪǮ
ȨӹţŸɿݵ촽̣
ѩʱըˣʮһٷģ㻹Ҫ٣
Ҫʮ򡣲һ򡣡Ȩ
ѩһֱӰȨǮûˡ
Ȩ֣񾭲
Ǹ񾭲ֻ˶
Ǵû˵ڴ֣ſڱտʮһġ
̣û˵㿴ʮǮҽˣûˣҪʮ꣬ôҲҪʮ򡣡
ȻһҪȢţӣ򷿡
Ȩָͷһܻ򡣡
Ȼѩֿ̣ܸ𣿡
ѩˣǲǷˣҪҸҲ˵ûУƾʲô㰡
Ȩ˵̣㿴Ƕˣ˵ôãôƯܲĿұһٶһٰɣ
ƾģǻ°
˵⣬ȨҧҧʵûʲôǮĻзӿ
ѩʱŵö߶ϽԼȨ߿ˡ
ﶼҴˣӣˡ
Բ
Լžܣƺͣ
ѩԶȨ׷˵̣һǲһв
ѩܵøˡ
һ̲Ӱ

ȨһĭֵMLGBģһΪʥĸءʲô
ȻҲĿ⣬ٴͷ̧ͷͦص߳ҽԺ
ĸ⳩졣
˵G߮˵ģֱ鱾⣬ģжԹԹ־绹TMʹ졣
ǣЩȨִ绰߮硣
Ȼл֮ŹҶϵ绰
ô˿ֵ߮Īúܡ
Ȩˬ߳ҽԺȻֲһ˿ȣһպ߮Ļ
ȨΪں߮˵û˼Ǿ仰߮Ž˹ǿƶҽ칫ҡ
߮ʣȨ磬˼ģİ
ȨЦŻأð߮硣
߮ȨǴƵģôȱĹǰֲɹǵڶ۴񾭵תλƤЩȨ¶Ǿͨİɣ
ҡͷЦ˵߮磬˵Щһᡣ
ǡ
Ȩҡͷᣡ
߮ǹڹ̶أڹ̶װȡأ崴أ
ҲᡣȨЦ˵
߮磬ˣʵҶᡣ
߮˿̾ؿȨȨЦʲô
ֻں棬߮츳ܺãΪʲôŲҽأȨʡ
߮˵ŶҾõҽû˼ϲҽְҵȤдԾ͸дС˵ˡ
һ¸Ѷٰ
ǿǿżһ߰ʱʮ򡣡
߮˵ӿ϶ˣҾһӣܵеԼİãԼ顣ӱȥñ׵ۼ
һѧҽҪҽġ
ȻҲǶһС˵ġ
ȨͷеΪ˵Ҿ߮˵üáʵҲ뵱ҽǵ겻֪ôѡרҵϹٴҽѧרҵ¼ȡˡ
˵⣬Ȩ̾Ҹѧ˹רҵýѧ˻ơ
һøѧ˾ڣһýѧ˵񣬷
СģɶҪѧˣҰְүү岮˵ҸȥæͿԣֻҪľͺã治֪ʲôȽϺá
ҾҲȲҼǣԵһͨ˰ɡ
ȻȻһ죬һ£ҰҴ㻨ǮһϢǧ򡣡
ϢһϢӦҲиʮ˰ɡ
߮統ʱԿ崻ˡ
ȨΪ߮粻ţ֧˵Ŀһ¡
Ȼ߮Ϳһ㡣
΢õĶ࣬ûҴǮͨ档
߮磬ǵøұܰ
ĽʺõѧԣʲôѧûᣬҾͲˣȥ顣оϣòѧҲѧȨһΪı顣
Ȼòһϲţִ̫ǳûŻ仰Ȩ˵ʵ
ǣ߮ˡ
ʵȨû˵ǣʵֹϢĸͶһЩÿ׬ǮӦóһСĿˡ
ǴĿˣȨҲ
ֱ⣬Ȼ˼ġ£ֻǶô
Ȩţһ·ߣһֿ̽Ϧ
ȻΪģƤڣ·һ
ֻȨҲãȥ˾ʲôĶãȨԼͿԽ鷳
֮ԻὨȥʲôҽԺҪԭ
ıò䷹Ȩ
ǲ̫ۣҲûҪʲôаʲôġ
ȥҲ棬һҽҲְҵˡ

ߵʱ
Լĺӿ飬ӵһİĵ绰
ʱüֻȥһԣӿ顣
ſһۣ˵Ӱɣܹ¡
ͿˣԼϹһУͲʲôʱ䡣
üҶˣֵ඼ֵ߰࣬ʲô񾭡
Űֻ˹ҡҡҪˣƢŽߡ
Žˡ
ŷ֣绰ģһʦܡ
оͼûϵںɳе˽ҽԺ
ʦ֣ܲҿˣе鷳ˣΣû취㶨ʦڵ绰һͷп಻ܼ
ãʲôҽԺʡ
ѩҽԺҲǺԶҵһʱ뵽ʦ˵
̹Ҷϵ绰󣬿ܽѩҽԺ
ʦܾͣԸ˳ź󣬸Ͻ˵ʦ֣ҽ˸ؽǰλĲˣλ߰˴ζûλȥڲ˺ͼǳ˵ʹҪ
ҶæòɿⶼĸСʱȥˡ
ʲô
ʱһֲͷ
ǼؽǰλڰҽԺʣˣǴӰҽԺתİɣ
ʦһ㶣ҽԺתģ
ǰ˵ǴɳǱ߹ģû˵ȥҽԺ
һδؾǴˡ
Լʦܵ˿һ˵ļһˣǰǸǸô
˿ȺУһҰ״ӳš
̾һͷƤеȻ
ʦ֣Ǽʦʡ
ţȲ˵£취˵˺ͼһؽڵĺ˴ŹˣҽԺҽ˵Ҫ˴ţ˼ͬ
һܣҵʱڰҽԺ֤£ҾãҽԺ˲޵ķʸ
ãȥ
ʮӺ
ѩҽԺʮ¥ĹǿƲһ˵ĺ˴ţʱʹ˴ͷ
ʦܵȻˣŶͷƵŹͷĺȥ˵Ǹλ˴ˣĻλһٴζá
ûλȥȻĻҪôǹͷˣҪôǼˣʱŸ鷳ˡ
ʦܵ׻Ƶġ
̱ϡ
θǺָʦܼ£Ȼƨƨߵܳȥ˼ȥˡ
Լʦܼ˵ֱӿλɣˣǾԵ֢
ҽǳרҵһʱ˵ҪŹ񣬲˼ϴʾܾҽԺҽַܾλˡ
˲ߡô˵ţĸп
ҽԺȻԻ֮ذһСҽܿô࣬ô롪
ܰܣôôçײľϸشˣ
ȻҲǲԼȥҽԺ顣
ǣ졣
ʦ֣Ҳû취ܽ
Ͻҡͷ֢ܣ
˵꣬߳˰칫ңܸϽȥͣĳɡ
ƺܹһŭԼŵ
˵ĵǲģ
ҽԺҽ˵ҪմŹǲڳܣ
ǲӵģ



һһʮ ο϶ܿ죡
ѩҽԺһӪҽԺĿǰʵȼҵȡ
ǿƾֻһûзܹλʮţȻզģҲӵ·һֽġ
ѩҽԺʱ䲻Ŷ̶ʮ꣬ǿƵķչҲӵ·һִġ
Գ棬ķһЩۣȺ˲˼ʹһ١
ӵ·ųڰ칫һ̣˰غҵͨѶ¼УڵδϵģϺ
עҽԺϺ
˹ȥ
绰ܿͨˣƺϺҲĵ绰ڱ˵ӽôˣҴ绰кָ̰
ӵ·ȥĩڵӵͬԸӵ·һͷΡ
ǸĸģĲˣӵ·ҲýڿȡЦ
ûϺĳƺֱԵΣָ̲ҵֻ˵һ¡
ǿңǲιһؽλĲ˰
Ϻ֪Ҳ̫Gôôʣ
ǿҵĲˣͷ𣿡Ϻʡ
ҽԺ׵ҽԺ˵תȥɳҽԺʡϴѧҽԺĲҽԺЩ
ӵ·ҲϺΣֵʱ飬֪ܲ
˵ͨɺǸϊ֚ϱɶˣӵ·ֻܵԭβ˵ľһΪ֪һЩ绰ѯһ¡
Ҳǲ˼ϴ˰ɡ
ӵ·ҲϺ˸硣
Ǹ˻ȥѩҽԺϺΪ۵룬Ҳ֪Ǿôġ
ΣЦ
ǿҵʱڳϾúϡ
ǿҽ˴Ź񣬷ǲͬ⣬ɰǳһ٣ڷݻѼﲡ˺ˡһءϺš
ҪǸӵ·˵ҽԺҽΰǲ˼̫ݣû취
ӵ·ԣǲ˲Ǹ˵ϱƢûֿܡ
ڰҽԺƾˣȥҲ֧֧ġ
ﲡΪ߾ҽԺ֤ݣԼ˺ˣҽԺԲȥҽԺ
˺ţҲ˵ûȻĻ֤ݰѲ
˵ûвǾ͸˵ͨˣ˼ÿ˶вҲҽԺҪ˵ľ֤ݣûУ϶˵ͨ
ӵ·ֻεԭ
Σ϶ҲµˣϾĲˣǿңǿƵֵҽˡΪе㼬֣Ҵ绰
ӵ·û˵ԼҸλ˰˴ζûɹĹƨ£ֻ²˼Ȼȥ˰ҽԺҰҽԺҲµŶͷĺƣôһʾ
ڵõ˴𰸣ӵ·Ҳֻϵùˡ
ܵأ㻹ܹܲ˺ô
ϺɫػأˣôˣѾ㶨˰ɣ
㶨˾ͺá
ӵ·п׼λ
Ϻ

ϺҶ˵绰󣬶ʱ̨߽鷿ɳϵ̿ʼ
˵ʵڰʱϺ뷨ġ
һƨļؽǰλܳɺˣò˵ļ˳Űˣ룬ǲǶҲҪѧһؽλַλ취ٴĨ
Ͼſʼ죬ͳӡ
һǰλҶܸλȥƫƫҪȥ
һ²һ¡
ãϺʱѡƫ̻ܳɵרҵԣͦǡ
ȻĻʱҪΪ˳ͷΪԼĻôӵ·ľ
Ϻô档
˿ܳɣûи鷳һ鷳
çײ¶˼ǵġ
ֵĵҽǹڡ
ܳɿǰĹؽλ˿ΣùлȥҲ̸
˵ڿ﷢ѣԼҲвԵˡ
ԼôܳɾͲΣȻιؽλ벡˵Ӵ̸
ؽλ
ơ
ҽɫ
οѾĶǶð֧
뵽ϺִһȦ绰òǰѩҽԺ췢Ūˡ
ʱеĿɿڴ
üһѩҽԺЩˣò˵δ
ַλβɹ֮󣬻Ҽλڰ˴Σ˭ϣҲԽܰ
ĳƺȻ鴫⵨ʶһζȲ˵ġ
λ˼ϺԼֻҸΣˡ
ջûλȥôһ˵ܳɵǶԵģͿˣؽǰλһ㣬ԲűҪһ˴֤ʵԼַλɣ
Ƭ̺
Ϻ̶˸绰
ֱӾͿڵ̶㰲һ£գ¼ҽֵࡣһǵգԼżˡ
ȥδкһʱ򣬾ͿʼְŸܳǰIIͲȨ顣
ߣܰ׵ô
Ϻûþʱ䡣ڿʱǰһЩˡ
ȻĻܳǱ߲ЩηηţγҲ̫ġ
ЩܳӵIIȨҽƱ˰һ˵ʲô۶ӣҲҽԺ˵ͨġ
ǿƵҽʵģʸõIIȨġ
ؽλַλIͲ
⣬Ҳǲ鸴ӵԭ
ңܳɾǸ˲Ű
ѩҽԺֲʲôèСèֻСҽԺûףɵλ϶ǳ
˲ţȻǵ˲̶ϣϾΪ¡
ԼҰַλɫҽƳԼĪôġ
Ϻ̽ܳɵĿڷ磬ܳҲûߵ˼
ΪεĻҪһ㡣
̶ԣ㶣˵Σôż𣿡
ſ϶ܰţ˵Ļ߿̨̫ܲ
һֻܳһ̨εĲˣҲϾͰ
⣬ôúã
̶ȷЩΪѣϺһ˵ȥ취һЩ˵Ļⶼˣ̶ȥҲˡ
Ϻ˵ٰ̨ܳ
ǱߣԲܸҳʲôӣǰܳɹͨãҪĲˣǰܳɳ͸
һΣôģζŶֻɹʧܡϺԴƵš
ⶼǺͲ̶ˣҲ˴ĵġ
Ϊ˹ǶǹһƵˣôϺﻹηηβ϶˵ȥ
ãҶˣΡ̶̽ӹ˾״

̶͸ת£ưȨֵ࣬ԼҪܳɽеϤ顣
꣬΢е㾪ȣξȻǰ£ӦòǿЦɣ
ϺԿǱ¿ˣŻ¿Ц
ô˵ܳҲˣǵðһѣһȨĹȨͬĻٺϾࡣ
ǿڹؼתڣϺҲܹһ㡣
˵⣬̶ֳһ˵ƣǿҪؽƣ˵Ҫؽת͵ĻҲһ˵תתģһڡ
ܳѹؽλڡ
⣬ҲˣúãܹܿؽƵרղˣҵʱŹ̶ͼⶼ⡣
ֻǣƣã㵽ҪͨʲôķʽѹؽûȨ޸õ𣿡
˵ʵҶﲻѽҶԹؽһҲ졣̶˵ԼΪѴ
ؽںʹˣרƣ߶ࡣҪ贴ƵIVȨޣ̶ҧ취
̶ʵΪ
ֻΡ
ƾЦЦ˵ΣģֻҪҽԺԸҰŹؽƵרĻȨ޵飬һҽȥģӦòѡ
ѣ
̶㶡
ȥ˵˵ͨ
ҪһЩ̶ʡ
ƲΣΣǿIIIҪһȨޣȥҪ濪չIVȨޣҽƲġ
жǿʦͷİɣҿ϶çײġ˵
ãȻĻҾͲˡ
ʵ֮ǰǡ̶ƽЩʲô
Ʊ˲̶Ļʦ˺͹ǹǿƵĻ⼸ҳҲѧ˺ܶණֻкôû˿Ļ
Ƶʵ˺͹ǹǿƵĻǷȫ綼ͨ
̶ҲͲˡ

ܳɴ˿̻ڿŹֵࡣ
ҪΪڰǼ£ܳ£¹ٸʲôԸСĻǵСĵ㡣
ӵƵĵ绰ܳɶĸ⡣
ƾԭ򣬿Ҳû˵
ڿܳɽ˵绰󣬱ڴϳʵܳɸ磬ʲôµĻԻȥϢϡ
ڿֵܸöҲ˵ˡ
ܳæع񣬶Թ˵ǣ顣
ڸ磬ʵģǸˣǼΪλǰҲû뵽ġ
ЦЦû˵Ҳ֪ܳڰο
ǲҲûҪ̫ǿġ
Ϊѧ
ƵĻؼ
ԲһҪѧϰġ
ա
ܳɺ͹˲ͬʱӽѵʱ
ͬʱʶԷڸ𣿡
ܳɸǲ˽ˣ
꣬˶һЦڱܳɸ磬˯һ
˵꣬ڿ˿ʱ䣬Ѿյߵʮ
̴ŹǷ
Ȼȥϴ
ǵҽԺ¶˯ģϱеʱ·ܳǻ˯¡
ߺܳɲŻµĻϴ·ȹڴϴּˢȥϴ
ܳɴϴּ߳ʱ֣ȨŰϵ˿ҡ
ܳһ㶡
Ȩƽʱﲻǰôգ˿ң
ַӦ˹϶˯Ϳˡ
Ǹĳֵˡ
˵Ȩӣ緹𣿡
ҪҪһ
ڼʱܳɶ೿ܵģû̫ӣûȥܲˡ
Ȩ˵ܳɸҲڿﰡ֪ҸҲˣ·ϳԹˡ
һ˵ţһ߷Űһ߻ȻһʣϺæ𣿡
ʮ룬˯ڡܳЦЦ
ȨЩĽ˵ϣҽҲһ
ģ

˵ң̶ƾظ˿ȻֱӴӰ칫Ұܳšΰ칫
ܳҪ̨һҪκԻȨƺͲ̶˶̫⣬ʵʵڵܳȥĽѧƵˡ
Ȼ̶һ߽⡣
Ǵȥ鷿Щ
˵ʵ̣ܳǳ˯Բ̶˵Ҳ̫ˡ
ô˵ǿϸһߵͷҪһ߼װ̶˵÷ǳãһԹ̵ܽļơ
̶Ϊá
ܹܳϷСʱ
оԱĲףϷݼ£治ܸɵ飬ԼûȥԱȻĻ϶ݼ֣ö
òװ꣡
̶ܳɶ׿ûУûʲô⡣
ǿһΡ
ܳɸϽҡͷҪСʱǵðΰ칫Ҳɡ
̶۾Ȼ뿪ΰ칫ҡ
ܳǿװʱȫעڶܳɽнͽѧ
ܳɿŲ̶ıӰĪһů
ʦǸ˰
ܳųȥƵİࡣ
׼뿪ǰܳٶ˵һ죺Сɣʱ򰡣ǵһ㡣
κ˵ʲô㶼ͷ˵áҪ硣
ֻһͨԵĿԣһҪ֡
ô
ţܳæͷ
ԼǰȨ£̶ƱԼš
ﰡûоĴ磬̬Ųȣһٻͷܶ飬ʵûҪˡƽš
ܳпһ¡
ԼڱƱҵ꣬ͿоҲܿҪҵ˰ɣ
ֻϧ
ܳɺͶϾڳзʱ򣬶Ͼ֣Īؽ˼ˣܳһٵл֮һѹ̺죬뿪˿ҡ
ԲǿסԺˡ
Ͼʣܳɸ磬˭
ܳɾ˵֮ǰҿһСļ
ҲǹؽλģϾȻ
šǰɡܳɵͷ
ϾЦЦܳɸ㸴λĲˣͿʼͽˣǿƣκǣҲûյ̫졣
ܳȴЦ˵ûСλ뿪ʱùѪͷֻǱǸõ㡣
ǰǸؽλСļ
ʱܳ˵Сûܳɳһ١
Ͼʱе㲻תĻˣԿ崻ˡ

һϣܳ˯һþ
ΪйؼԵܳ˵ģʮҾǰ˯ˣΪ㾫׼Ҫе
ܳ۾󣬵ʱ˾ŵһ顪
ϸ۾ϸʱ
üһﰡ
ẉ֪̂ʲôʱ򣬺˵źüߡʬ塯ûǱӣɫ£ɫñӺɫĿ֡
һˣܳʶģԾƣ˿̱ǻ˼޻ƵĴ̡
֣١ǧʢִţҲס
һ˶۳ɹһ
ܳɸϽ´Ȼ󻹿Լ̣ҲˣǶϾɳ˶
ܳͷšԼİ״ӣһϣһߵૡ
Ҳ˯һͰɣ
óֻ˿ʱ䡣
ûʱҲûߵʮӡ
ߵҽ칫ҡ
Ȩ˿ͬһҽ칫ææȥʮֽͷöӣȦŨ
ܳɺ󣬱ίͰ͵ؿһۣ۽ǣҪ˵ܳɸ硣
ʿվһХöŵʱһ
ֵҽƴ绰
Ȩһ޿ı飬ɫɷɷ׵ġ
ʮ߸Ȩһ۾ϽŲ֪һĲţ·ܳɵʱľ˵
ܳȻ
ʮ߸
²Ǵ˸Ŷ
ᣬʵͨ
ֱڵѼ˰
Ϊʲôû˽ң
Ʈܳ˹
ҪIIȨԲ̶ϣԼϢ
һȥȨӣϢ׼ɣȥܻ
Ȩҧ˵ãˣܳɸ硣
ֻܳۡ
̶ƣΪýҪԼϢûԼѣ
ýҵġܳȨļ
ȨһЦû˵

ϽʱϺã
ȨֵĻʿ֣ǵضĲܶ࣬һҪʮ־
֪϶ۣǣһҪ֤ҽưȫǵһλġ
Ϻôһ˵ʿ̲סˣ˵Σʮ߸ֵ໤ʿϽ϶ǴŷܣܲӮ
̨תⲡһӱô࣬컹вĻôǺðΪܼңʿòһ㡣
ļӴˡ
ϺͷֵҽֵĻʿˣ
Ժǿҵҹֵ࣬ȫһЧӵĻʹҼЧۡҲ档
Ϻô˵ţʿɫһ䣬Ҫ˵
Ϻͼģ϶ôಡˡʵҲǽϲ֪
ǹһƺ͹ǶƵĲͻȻΪһһ˵ļ120ȳӵĸˣиסԺ
λ˲Сæ˽棬߶Щˡ
Ѿͨˣ϶ˣȫ͹ǰҽԺ϶ӲˡԴģ϶ǲᷢ˵ġ
Ϻôһͣ˶Ȼˡ
ֻȨûʧش
ﰵ࣬ԣҳúڣҲô
飬Ҳ÷ͷϣ
ҽһΣ
һʱ֪Ĳ̶ƺͺˣϺ񣬶ܳɵƳ
ôಡˣֳİ
һͻȻĲˣǿƶԲˡ
ɲǣ
Ǹ120ļȳ϶򷢵ˣ120ȻĿҽԺǾͽԭ򣬵ǿһ̶ȵĵ
ܳɼֱǿĸǰ
ܳɲûʶһ㣬ֻΪԼΪűôעġ

ࡣ
̶ϰƺͶϾȨ˽еһߣ˵ƣȻ귿Ұæ
ϾȨϽȥϢ̶Ϊе۵˵
ģڼװ
ʦҲۡϾæء
ʦҲۡȨǿŻء
۸ƨӲҪǳΪҽԺʿѺҽĻǡϽӻȥϢ̶ˣһһ¡
ʦϾ¡
˵ϻˡѧϰ
Һ˻ö̶ס˶ϾĻǹġ
ãϾȨŵͷ
ȥ鷿ɡ̶һ£鷿Ĵ㿪Ρ
귿Ͼ˿ﴦˣȨǱֱӸϻ˲
˵۵ˣȨֵҽˡ
̶ܳˣҵĸ¥ʱ
̶ŵܳɣԺõȨ˵ĻҺIIͻעϾȨϣ㲻ʲô뷨
ܳɸæ˵Ӧõġʦ
ţ̶ͷ
̾һʣ̫һˡ

̶Ըܳɺˣȥ׼ǰ׼
ȥϺһƵλҽƵ˹ͨ뽻档
ҽԺǰסԺҽʦʽII飬ͷһ
ԽĴڣҲ͵͵ģǿƻǵһô㡣
ҽƵ˱ǲģ뿪ͷġ
ɹǿƵͬʱ棬Ҳò˼£ջǿ˵ϣͬ£ˣΪȨȨ
ҪʱӹҪػ
̶Ȼ뵽ԼĺѡʦΡ
ԣҽƵʱ̶ǰȥк
Ƴôˣ࣬ˣ
˷۵ǹǿộܲ𣿡
סԺҽʦƸIIôʽģϡúϡ
Ȼ˹ˣҲЦ
ࡣ
ΣҲˡ
Ҳˡ

ҡ
СӴ˿һڿҿҵشһ߸Լʦ죺ʦΪʲôǹǿƵѽ
޿֮
˵㲻ܶԹǿƴƫǿƵðһ㶼ǰ°ࡣ
ƽʱڱԹʱô
⣺ҲҪǿưǿƾ͡
˵ûöԼ棬ҽ⻰
ǿƵͦð㿴ϸڲ˹ǿƵСǴô
СǸɲһ¿Լİϴοˣ϶ҲջСɣб۾ʡ
죺øƨһ㶼á
ô
һӣͿ
ˣæ˵ɲô
Ȼ֧ͣͺͷ֧͵ѶȲһƤ񾭾׼ͣͷ֧ͣѶֲһˡ
ҪãǼΪټͺġ
м˭ϡ
ʲôҶÿ
Ȼеʲôã
ƷУԿǻ⡣
˵ǿƵҪԹǿƵβҡ
Ҳ֪ǿƵֵܣҵֵͬܣҲþܾ
ģֲַλ϶תܿġԼѧԤ롣
ð׵Ĺӹ̶ãѲҲָλԼʦ𣿡
϶ǵġǳ϶ص˵ͷ
Ҳ϶úܿ죡
ΪһҪΪСͬ־ƸʽIIȨޣɲµġ
һеʧ
ǿƵ˭ѽƸȨޣ
ⲻ൱ڰԽֱ̧ҽƵô
ôţ뵽ǿһħIIIϴѧҽԺĽˡ
IIIIIеС׼׵˼
Ҳ;üֲˡ
ֻϣҪ߮ɡ
ңΪԼʦĽͣҲǷ
ȻҪǿҲ̫˰ɡ
ŵʱ򣬰㿴˹ǿƵħ˽
ʱŵһ¡
ӰæһؿԼʦĹâƺ˵ʦûҽˣֻħѽ


ǴξϴѧҽԺĸڣеܳɵĽ࣬
۹۱ǱǹۿڣڹĵıĿ
˵ˡ
ҲСƣԶԼ˵һͣ£Ǹħ
ֱˡ
ȥˣͽˡ

ƺܳɿɲ֪˿ﻹôС˼
ֻǿ˲úƾ˵Σ˰ллϣôͰǵĲ˸ˡ
Ϊǿƽʡ˲ʱ䡣
̧̧Ƥ̸֮࣬¶ѣҲѧҾ³ӵġ
Ʊ㿴۰˵˰ҽ
ܵ͵ػأӦõģʦ
ǳ

ȵ̶߽ʱƺܳѾվ̨ϣǰ׼͵Ų̶̨ԸʼϿԿʼˡ
ˣЦ˵ǿƵִǿǸյȻЩ׼ˡ
˷Ƴʱ䰡ΣΣΣҾϴȥ˰٣ǾͲ˷Ѵʱˡ̶Ͻ
˶˵ͷȻַÿһֱ
ͬʱƫͷ͵ΣЩ񣬾ϸݣֻҪݲľ岽͹۴־ͺˡ
ȻҲҽǹǿƵġ
ֱ˵ǹǿ׼ĺȫ
ЦЦ˵ȻҽҪȨȻ£ӦƳ㰡
ֻǰ׼һ£ǵӿ͹ۣټ˽ѡ
ƳԾܰЩϸ֡

̶ȥϴֵĹУԼʦǺܺؿ˿ܳɣܳɵһ£Ȼֺµͷϸ໤ϵˡ


һһʮ II
ܳҲǿ˰ĶضЦЦûġ
ҲǿһϵеĶƤеЦ
ԼѧǱǿƵе㺦ˣʵȻãǿУΪĿ֮һˡ
żᱩ㣬ʵɾģȥԿǡƷΡƷӺÿöࣿ

̶ϴ߽֡ң̨ʣƳѾ׼ˣԿʼ𣿡
ҽְܿң˵ҽԺѧƿҵϼţһҽĹš
ˣǳ֮һ쵼
ֻǣҽƲٴרƽߣʱָܹűҪ𾴵ʱ򣬻ǵÿͿ
˵ǾͿʼɣҲÿҽԺܲͷһǰһIIȨ޸סԺҽʦҽԺĽѧʵҲһġ
ҽȻܴ̣ҽԺŬĴ
ɫҽԺ
ѧҽԺ
ÿһǼΪջģÿһûеõֳƺǰΪϣӹҽҽԺġ
ѧҽԺҲкܶȼҽѧԺУйأֻҽԺкԺУ΢е磬ûѡ˶ѡ
̶ߵͷܳ˵һʼ
ܳԣһΪ˱ʾԽε˰ŵôһأ΢˿̨ȻٴߵƬǰ
ǰھű飬Һ󣬵ϸعĦߵӰѧϡ
ȨĿˣͨ
ܳȻ㹻ӡ
ܳٴδ̨߳ȥƬǰ˶ûڰڼӺ˷ʱķ˿ܳɵĽţΪضޡ
̶˵СܺΪص˰ɣ
Ƶͷ̶ͬ˵ЦЦε˵Ļ϶ע⵽ˡ
ҷЩ׵Ĺأ˼ά̫ˡ
еҲӰ쵽ǰ̡
̫ܳˣͷβ˽̨æԹۣͬһۣûг徢
徢˵ʣҲ֮Ǳ޵ı֮һ
Ҵ˸еķò
̶ȴҡͷˣơ
㲻ܰСԼľ򿿣㷴ҪվƵĽǶ⣬ǰڣֻͨ࣬أ£ʦ飿
Ʊҡҡͷ˵ˡ
˵ʵûס࣬Կⲻܳڵľ
Ʊҵʱ򣬹໹ûȫƹ㣬ʱֻҪԼʦܴͺãûô۶ӡ

ܳϸƬ꣬ȷ˻ֻ߱е¶˹ۣûмдˣʲô鷢ʵŻһȻߵ̨
Ȼʲ̶˵ʦҾȿʼ˰
ţʼɣҪҪ͸һ£̶Ͽʼ̣Ҳǹ۱պ/пλڹ̶ĳ̡
пͱպϸλˣ벡Ҳô̸ˣҪϣܳɲҪѶȵģСΪ򵥵IIǸܳɽֵġ
Է˵һ̨ܳЩġ
̨Ͼ̶ܳҲ϶
ܳɾӻȲ͸˰ɣʦ
ʦˣһ˹̶裬һ˹̶жΣַλܲܰеλĹȸλȥ
ʵǹַۣλΪѵġ
ǲе֫ǣֹǺܴ׳
ǹˣǵʹأʵӰ쵽ߵ߼κιܣΪֹǵĳȺӲȣ֧һ˵ߡ
ҲΪˣûпԺͿλԣǵĹַλԵΪѡ
Ƕһˡ
ܳɶԹ۵ַλǡ¶壬Ȼûúѡ
պϸλڹ̶ҲǱ׼ǿƵIIͲ֮һ
ƺͲ̶˲ͷ
վ˸Եλ֮󡪡
ܳ̾Ϳʼ˸λĲ
׼Ĺַλס
ǣ
λ
ǣλʱ̶
˫ֳǣһֻܳذѻߵ׹ؽ׷һ
Ȼ̸ֳɴصִﻼߵĹλã¿ʼ︧
ǻʮӣܳɸϽתͷ㣬꣬ʱ̶
ǷǳרҵĹǿרƻʿȻ̶ÿؼͰңǵѲؾǵеʿ
Ͻݹ
ܳɽӹ˴Ŀ׼¶͹λãҲͨ˶ģĹͻ𡪡
¶ɵס
ܳɵĵһ룬ѡ׵࣬뷽бϡ
беشߣɴﵽ̶Ч
ԭȻزοǺ«
գ
ܷĵµģΪ˳رѿ˽ȥﵽ˹̶Ч
ʦʦˣˡ
ܳɶԲ̶˵һ󣬱ͷѲػʿѲʦ鷳Cۻ
ѲأȴѾ׼ˣƺǰͱ֪̣ʼǰͻ͸һΡ
Ȼܳʡ裬ûӵǰһֱCۻʱ׼š
⣬СС棬̶ϸ뵽ȫˡ
̶۾ȻСȴСֻ˸ϸڣŻиݴʡ
ѲػʿʼCۻʱ˶ȻȻվоҲ
Ϊϸ裬дһ
غһ͸ˣȥ䡣

Զ˸䣬Ǧ֮
ϳˡ
̶ɫ糣Ϻǲ˼Լ۾
ΪǻԼ۾ǲϹˡ
TMۺĿеڣɹأ
̾һٴʮܳɵ²ͣš
ܳɾæ˵ʦʦ㣬ǾһɣҽȥһˡȻһšԽʡʱ䡣
˵꣬ܳɾزȿǦŵĸӦţȻ޾ɫ´˽ȥеʿ̨ϣԼҿȻװ߰ѵס
ٵ˽ĵڶ룬ﵽȶĹ̶
ԭɲοտ̯ϱпļȣ̶ƽдǩӣҪι̣
̶ܳɰѵ˳ʱ򣬾ͶѲػʿ˵Ȼ绰һ̨ˡ
˵¼
Ϊ±ƵĲе̫ѶȣҲûһŮԸϡ
ͬȹϵϣСֲͣץ
̧ͷ˿Լʦ죬۾ͣգţ·޹ʦʦ
ˣˣҸô죿
˵಻̫
˿ҲǵԼո˵ĻԼѧеӦӦɤӣһע󣬲Ҫǰʧ˷ȡ
£ֻڲͣشţ
ǿƾж
ǿƾħ
ǿơ
ħ䣬һ֮а
ܳٴ߳䣬ǲ̶ֲ˵ڶεC͸ӡ
Ȼܺá
ܳɿˣһ˵ʦʦȥʯ̨࣬Ϣɡ
̶ƵǶʱ˳顣
Ƴһļʱ塣
000442
ķʮ롣
⻹͸Σܳ½ȥڶܹʱ䣬Ҳ˵ܳԼʱ䣬ܻһӣ
ܳٴ˽ȥ
ȻûӦôͽأ
ʲôʱʼģ
ܳѾ̨ǰǻƺǲ֪ôӺδһˡ
ϾCۻֻϷ޾CۻףطȻ޾ġ
̶ѣȥCۻȻ׼ڶ̨ˡ
̷ӦСܽ䣬ȥæˡ
Ȼ̶Ƕ˵ƣҲȥСܴʯɣҾ̨ˡ
˵Լʼ·
ʵ̶ą̃ʵ̫ˣΪܳҪſ룬֮ǰַλһЩ
ƺеˡ
̶·ʱ򣬿üͷ壬ϺЦЦ˵ΣˣȥȻһһ̨
ɫ߽ңû˵ʲô
ҽƵ˵棬һɧҲһ䲻ҷ
ٴÿ죬ƻƽ￪ʱ²ʲô
̱ڿҿҵСϣȥµš
̫ˡ

̶·ʱˣ˿Ϻ˶ڼƷֱϣԼķ
ʱе㼱ˡæ˵ΣΣҪôţ
ôϸû
꣬Ͻ˵ΣСѡʽIIıպϸλڹ̶
ǳ濪չĸְݶڹ̶ϸںء
̶Ȼ׼úȫд˺üϸ
ʱ۾һɡ
Ǻɧ
ȨĿˣǹҼңôѡһף
ҪôѡҪôֻѡһ
ɺɴ飿
Ȼ󷭿ϸĺ󷽣ʱ;ãǿƵˣɧˡ
ֻǹ۱պϸλڹ̶̼ϸ
1.̽Χ֫в֫ȫΧ
2.ǰC͸ӡ
3.ַλڹ̶
4.C͸ӡ
5.ʯ̶
ǲǹǿרƣôҲܿöдֱ̫ˮ˺ðɡ
̽C͸ӣռ
õģ¾ַλڹ̶ʯ̶ˡ
ǲҲϸֲ̫ڣ
ɫһòš
ʱſڽ͵ƳַλĲ򵥣ʵϣЩ棬ѶϵߵһII
ҲֻкٵҽԺҳؿչʽǰղַλĶȡ
ΪΣзȨģҲԼĺһѡ
˵űָC͸ʾϣͣƳ㿴ǹλ͹̶úòãҪǿ߱պϳ̶ȡλĸλ̶ȡ
ǿԿ֮ǰĲ෽λѾλȥˡ
ˣʣΣֻǻǸõǣ
⻰
졢ϺͲ̶㶼ԼĿˮҭˡ
Ҳʶͷڶ䣬ЩΪض˵˵ʵֻǿ
ȻţҲѽ
Ц
ʦһˣЦ
ϱտڲˣﰵ࣬ͱ¶Լרҵˡ
͵͵εˣԼոտеЦ󷽣ִʷֳˡ
Ҫ˵ٴ
һСҽģһܲĴξһҵ覴õġ
ʵûֻʶ̨ɶȵôɲԸáֻû뵽Ҳش𲻳ҲΪΡ
ƺҲ컨Ƶġ

ڣڶ̨ڰ˵ʮķ֣׼ʱ̨ˡ
һ̶̨ܳɵ˴ʱǣ0821
˳ʱ0827
ƺѲضʮ߷ӾͽӲתѾڰв˷ˡ
СӾԼĽŵе㷢ȣҲе㷢ȡ
Ƕʱ䳬˶ѻǰźš
е㻳رԼʦλõЪϢվյ̨ǰȥܳɵĲˡ
Ҽʱ£㡢Ϻֻдְ壬ΣƺҪضԵڶ̨Ƶġ
˽Ϻ͸Ͻ˵ΣΣƳڶ̨׵Ĺ̨ۣǹǿƵרҵǶȣϸϵĿ
ıѡڵڶҪһְеġ
һΣЩϸ򣬱õˡ
Ҳ˵̨ǹǿƵĳ֮ǰһ̨ӳ棬ĿǰѾǷǳʽ֮һˡ
һ
Ϊոյǰ֮
ҷһ£Ȼ˿ϸ򣬵ûгһֻ̨м򵥼΢΢һ
ɫػصţʵҪΣΡĸרҵΪ׼
ǸС
µؿʼʾһ
㿴˲̶ˣûһ̨Сȱ¶޾Ĥ󣬱˼ؿ϶Ҫˣ㿴޾Ĥˡ
̨֪ҽĺܴ
ҽרҵԵļǱܳɱƵøɳҲǹΪԼŮѧˡ
ͷȥʲôˣֻվλø㣬ȻԼԲСϣͷ˵š
ǳɣǳ¡
Ϊ֣²ۣʵ泩ܶ࣬²۲Լٹ
ʵ¡
̶ûӭ˵ҵ˴ȫ̾Ͳ̽Щ
ڣһд
̶վһλã˵ΣƳǿʼ˰
ͿܳѾԲˣԸæվ
Ȼһһ̨߽ǰ
ֱ˲ͷ
ôǣһ̨˵û׼ˣⲻԴ˷ѣΪӸ
Ȼֻô룬֪жٲڴͿġ
öȻֻǶ໨˼ǮǮĵطˡ
ô
ҲǰԼظغһȻʼϢ״
ʼ̶߽ϷԸܳɡ
ܳ׼ƺͲ̶Ѿѻߵױ¶˳ʺܳɶķλá
ܳ𵶺ְԲȻ΢˼һ¹۵ͺ
ܳɱѲػʿະ㣬ȸҸ¿ɡ
ԣʱһ㶡
һ̶̨Ҫпÿʱ̶Ȼϸְİ
㿴̶
̶С۾תһȦ꣬롣
һԣҲиı䣬æ˽˵С΢ıһԣÿʱ̶֮ſĽпڣԸӾ׼Щ
ҲС߷Ÿְпڡ
ǰǴ׵ֺͷˣˣ֫Ĺ˽⣬ҪԶʤЩںüǰͰָ֫˹ǶƵˡ
һ̵ĵȻһ㡣
ʱе˵ͷ˵Ϊ˸߼пڵĳȣǺ鰡Ӱ쵽ߵĻָɣ
ҡͷᣬҲͻģäΪ鷳һЩ
ǾͺãǾͺá
æͷϾΪ
˵ˣҲֻʱذѿݸܳɡ
Ȼܳɱһϰѿ˽ȥû̫ԥ
ţֵܳ㣬һҲҰɣ
ಢûжɣͰѿ˹
ΪȴǰѲ̶еˣô
ֲԽԽá
ܳɣ׵Ĺۿ̫󣬿Ĺ̶Чǲȷеġ̶æѡ
õģʦܳɴ˿ѾվλЩȻ
ѾԼ
II׵Ĺ̶
˵ţܳɱһһҲγһļнǣѿ˽ȥ
Щܳɲ˵⵶
̶Ҳûɣǻһ
ܳûдһѲʦCۻĻҪ̨ϴˡ
Ѽ⵶˹
ܳɽӹ˼⵶ȻڵһĽ㣬һ0.6cmҵĿӣֱ뵽Ƕˡ
̶üͷʱһ壬ѵü⵶ҪȽϺá
ͻû񾭺Ѫܣʦܳɻһ䡣
Ѽ⵶˳ڵڶ봦ٴο˵ڶƽеĿӡ
ˣ̶ɫ䣡
˶ɵˡ
ʲô
ԭǣܹһܽģԲҪڶӡ
¶죬ҪٿƽпڣƽпڳǼŷϵʱ򣬻õ
ڣ
̶ͷƤ΢΢еˡ
ܳѾ䵶·Ѿܻͷ̶棬ȥܳɵֻ̨ǰвϵ˼Ӧ֮Ȼ׸ô࿪ĿӲźá
Ҳһμŵüһ£ҲԳ˳飬Ҳûڡ
Ϻеطһ
ɨһϺɤӡ
š
·ͬʱƵġ
ʾ졣
רƣ㲻ҪԼ˵̨
ϺŷӦû˵
ܳɰѼ⵶£̶ڲϵظʹʲô
ܳȴڰѼ⵶ʱĲ̶֣˵ʦİɣе׵ġ
㣬ͷѹݶһ5.5һ4.5
ܳһ仰˵Կǵʱ崻ˡ
ֻƣͻȻǺȻ̧ͷһܳɣƺܳɵ⡣
ͷѹݶ׹õĵŹ̶ݶ̶ץǳǿ׽й̶ĻҲеͨġ
ܳҪģǰпھСѴ˽͡
Ҳ̫ˣ
ͷѹݶݸܳɣֻǷ̶ֲ˵Ϊе㲻̫Ծ
ûҲû˼ֻġ
ܳɽӹݶ󣬱ѹס濪ʼš
šḶ́Ҳ

ܳһеʱڲ̶Ķԣ͵ΣСͷѹݶ׽й̶޵ٰпСˡ
ַĿǰڴƣǰСпڵ
ħ;ǱߣѾʼˡ
̶׻
ܳɣɫȵݶʱãܳɺǰѶӴ뵽ͣѹĹ״һѹեаܡ
ƵĻ̶ɵȻˡ
ǰ֣ͷƤһ顣
ƿڴܳɰܳɣĿɱҰҿǰ¹״ģǰ
II

ƽ˺˼еһԣҲٴνͣΣܳģĿǰƷǳǱǰصĹСппλڹ̶
̺ѡûġ׹УҲѾкܶҽڱպϵ½иλˡ
Ʋ˵ãôһ˵ףĸãȻ
㿴ңҿġ
Ȼ󣬻˷ǿƸԼ׼ϸ򣬱ʣҪôأ
Ҳûд
ΣҾ͸Ǵ֣
⻰۽Ǻϰ΢΢س˳顣
Ӻ΢΢ƫͷǸؿڣƳ˷ְʽҲᡣ
Ϻ
ϺҲֻӲͷƤʦѧվʦ
ҡͷҲᡣ
ʱõеˡ
ģǹǿƵ˶֣ǽȨ飬Ҫô˵أ
Ӻ
ܹܳͷѹݶ󣬱ųһ
е㷢̡
ȻϲתŮӣתĦûпС
㣬һCۻ͸һ
ʵ˶С̶ֹƶ˵Ϳʱ򣬾֪ʲô⣬һֱǳŵز֪룬ȫעعע̡
̶
̶˿̼ΪΣɫӵؿܳһۣܳΪô۵أҪڽ۶ӣе㲻̫¡
ˣҲֻһȿˡ
ͷɤ˵͸һ°ɡ
ɫͬһֻˮĺѼˮ¸¸һ
⻰
󡪡ֱӣɴ۾޹ҿɰǵű
ַʲô
ܳɲ˵ô
ôҪ͸ˣ
Īǣ
˿ļʱ壬дʱȡ
000808
Ŀ⸴ӿܳɣһڡ
Ͳܼ־һô
ű㿴˶ҷȥֻǲǲ̶ƣˣȫû֮ǰ̨ʱôЦһɫΪء
ﰵһϲ
Īǳʲôʺ۶ӣҪʱɣ
ôã
뷨Ʈ󣬰ԼһϽ˫Ҿĵ˼
ȻнͣҲ˼Ҿû˼Ŷ
Ȼ簡
һ̨̫׵ǰһ˹ؼʱ̣ܳɣֱҲ̫çײЩ
Ҫǳʲô⣬ôĶ֪
ʱż
׼һУC͸ӵĽ󣬶ʱ˵ɫٴκȻһ䡣
ߺλ
ĪǸһ̨Ĳ񣬱Psһ̨˽״Ŷ
һ̨ȣһ̨ףͲһ
Ͻк˵̶ǸϽȥһλƬٿ
еż
ҲǸϽߴٵŲ̶ļ
Спڣڹ̶
ˣ΢
ǸɵƣҲ֪Ӱ֮Ŀǰͻûⷽϵͳ֣ܹôõĻôԺѧʱ
ҽԺԲĵʡ˵۾Ϲ
ȻһӻȻ
֪ܳ뷨϶˵һ䣬Сˡ
ɲǣСппλڹ̶ɲ֪ܳɶٵʱ䣬ŵõȼǶ𺳲˵ĻǿǰϹˡ
ֻʡĻҲ̫Բģôʱˣģ⸱ӵ鶼ˡ
֮󣬲λƬҲˡ
ܳɳһ²̶˼ڸĿɿڴȥβˡ
ֱܳɷ꣬˶ûһ˴Ӹ߳
һӣȥ˷㶵İӵشӸ߻ңܳɺҼʱ֮ǻһˡ
ԼħͲʦİͽˣҲǿεӣڽλܸߵʦˣ˼˰ĴСˣԼǿĹˡ
ˣۡ
ȥźŲҴҡ
ٹ˰ӣٴ˽֣ܳܳɣˣ͹¡
ܳɷŴʯһ󣬾æ˸䡣
C͸ϣڶļָָ㣬ӼΪרҵĽǶȣĽúòá
ȻԼǿö̺˼·òõʵǻǶġ
ܳɽ̶һѰԼǰ
ɨܳһۣͰ׵ЦʣСܣô뵽ͷѹݶô̶øְģ
ܳͷΣ׹ۣСпʱ̶ݶ̶ʯ̶IIɣ
׹۵ĸְݶڹ̶ϸϽӦIII˰ɣ
ϾǹؽڵĹۣ
ܳⲻͻãôһͣŵöԺһ˸Ͻס
ܳɣµ䶯ţ˵
źţԭTMôIIġ


һٶʮ ǳԿħ
ĿǰȼĶ壬ӴƵĽǶȶԣٴӹ۵Ķ˵
Ǹʽ͹۵Ĳλжġ
IIĶ壬ࡣ
ܽ޷ô
ؼʣ򵥳ǹۡڶڹ̶
֮⣬ûϸϸµķˡ
Ҫ͡
һ۵ͣ˱仯ķּͻ
ͺñȣ򵥹۱˸ӹۣ˵漰ؽĹۣôȼԶΪIII
ͬģļڹ̶ʽҲйء
򵥵Ĺۣѡøְݶڹ̶ĻIIõڹ̶III
ϸĶ塣
ڹǿƵĴ˹ô꣬ȻҪܳǰ顣
黹ڱ̿飬ǸǱ˼
ֻǣǱֻܳøְݶ׵Ĺ۸̶ˡ
ܳأ


ûվȣҪǱܳɸġ
˺ܶܳɻͻȻıʽɣܳɵ˵ոżǹҪСпڵġ
ǶãҲԸⶥԼΪܳվǰ顣
˵Щڣܷһ㣬ڶס
˵ùȥϼڣ¼ҽеȫˣȫ綼ô
ɣ
û뵽ǣܳɾȻ
ĹһѹǿĶ͸ˡ
Ȼȥ취Լ
׹ۣͲͨü򵥺͸ͣǹǿƵר֪ʶ˵ĹۣȻ򵥣漰˹ؽ棬
ȷ˸ְݶڹ̶Ǹ÷ȥ
Ŀǰָϣûϸķడ㲻˵Ҳ㣬˭鷳ˣ
ܳĿǰѡڹ̶ʽɶ
ݶڹ̶ǾԵII
еĶ壬ǾԲܹȥIII֡
ܴһݶ͹III˰ɣ
Ϊָּҽְλһ£ҪԽ⡣
ʽĶйأݶIIIշѣȷе̫ɶ
ԣˣsoso
ܽ
ܳ飬ȡ֣ҲʲôżԼԼӵײף
ʹͷѹݶϸڿ𣡣
ҽֻIIȨҾֻII
֪
ڿ𡪡
˽ڸ
껪ĿǰרŶӶԹǿ©ӡ
һ棬ҲΪԼڲ֮ء
ҪIIҰŵĲˣȴŴˡ
ûϵԼѾͨԼʵǿеôĲˣII鷳ġ
ܹܳ˵ʲôˣʵǣ˵ˡ
ﶼǱܳɵͣΪе±ơ
û̫תͷԣΣո̨Ǽ
ǣҰ˵ڣȻƶ˲˲˲ȫ飬ҪǰЩȥȥٱһܳɣǾ궿ӡ
˶Ǵġ
סԺҽʦԽIII⻰ͷƤ飬һ⴫ꡣ
ҽԺҪ
һŽϽҡͷƳɲIIIǾԵII
ݶܹIIIĻǹǿƵҽ׬ǮҲ̫ˡ
ɲô˵ġ
ô˵֮УȴѾ͵͵ذܳɵൽIVȥ
ΪȻĿǰָû壬Ƶ˵ȫָ϶û壬Ǵһ棬ʽ
ܳõĹֳɵģþô¨ӣҲ˵IVܳɵ鷳ˡ
ˡ
㳤һصǱãǱߺð
ЦǺǿŰѻתϡ
Σ̨ɶȣôأ̣һлԹǿƵļΪ
Ժǵġ
Ҿȸʮְɡ
죬Ϻ˵ˣҰѻ˵̫
ʽҪչƹ㣬ҪĳкܶģĿǰ̫ţҪѳ߶֮ȥ
Ļһǰ̫ܳߣ߳ʱ˲ӣǲǺܳɡ
ҲϣܳɲҪ̫ݡ
Ŀǰܳ˵ĻԲǽˣȵڹĹȥˡ
Ϻ˵ʲôȻΨǴӡͬĽҲøʮֵʮ֣һ̨ͨˣͿˡ
ΪᣬԲҶ̳ǽ
ٴĲЩƻûãõȴõĽǸ˵
ʷĳֹܶʽ꼻һ֣ಡ˺ҽʹĴۣѧרҵίԱĵ
ǿɲððʧʧȥԽѧ顣
ֻܵȰܳɵIIȨõȥϸĥܳɽСппλڹ̶£Ȼ취ȥѧ̡
ҾεģʮְɡҲԸ֮
Ȼζ̨üãոշĹУ˵̨Ҫ㡣
ؽƽ䣬Ǹ󸴲֡
󰡣̶˵¥ȥϢˡ
Ȼ¥ĹУ̶ǱϺϸܳƽڿı֡
̶˵СǸصˡ
ȵ꣬Ҷû쳣ңûõҸIͲȨ֮ǰһ˶ûִмﲡȫǸƴĵ绰
ԣʱһ
ЩȻ˵ˣǹס
תͷ죬ʣ죬ôҸ˵ģǲǶԵģ
磬ܹߵøԶţ඼ڹߣߵúܺãȻͻðģ
ҵʱëë
ų̂IIIII飬ڻ˰ɣ
ӵĹ򣬻Ȳһʮ޶
챻ѵʱоΪ޹뵽ܳɵ飬ǲȣǶܽˡ
ѵʲô
ʲôðʧ
ϸͽͣ
첻ˣͷҲ֪η
ϺһЦһ¡
ɨϺһۣΪЩֻ˵һô
ĵӣ컹ʣҪΪҲ֪顣
ϺʱԼֱ޹ǣˣϽҲʵ
װԺӣϴΣ˵ǣǰ᲻£ǾԲˡ

Ϻ̶ʱ򣬾ͳ߳ңȻ͵͵ظ߮˸绰
߮磬ҹĦһ
ڸܳɽƸIIȨ㡣
߮˿֣˵ΣҾͲ˰ɡ飬ʵʱзҲ̫ϡˡ
Ϻ˵κĲһ㿴ҪϡЩ
Ҳټˣ¶


ƺܳ˹ԹԵҵļʱǰܳɵĸ첲ѹ̨ɱ˰˵ġ
ողα亹ˣֻ㻹ûƵġ
ܳ޹˵õģʦ
̨Ǽ򵥵ĳǹۣԽҲģһᰴ̰Ͱߡ
֮ǰ̨Ҳ£漰ؽƽ棬ץסСӣһ
ʦ˵ǰɣ
Ƶǳ鴤ܳһ١
£ûңôôأ
ҪƢʦ׵ʶ
Ǳ͹ݱ˰˼άܵ˽뵽Ա
ĿǰΪ͵ĽѧҽԺһ䲻ĵĻ¶ɱ³ԷԱһɸ⡣
ҪǱĿǰҽƹϵˣѲĲˣҲ˵ˣԼȥѰɡö֮һЩеϾĲˣܲ
ȫƾ財ԼԸ߾ߣʵͲߣǲŲò
Լʦ̬ʹġ
ȻҲö˵ʲôĿǰȫҽʵݬ룬㲻ҪһЩ¼ҽԺҽú;ħҽһ
ҲҪҽҽԺ͵ؼҽԺҽˮƽ֪
أףһֱٴ˹ϵĵһԭ
غףҽƹ֮⣬ֵѡϡ
ȫǱƵġ

˼ţܳɵĺף̾һ˵Ҳǣ
㣬ܹ㡣
ܳɾǸСס࣬һ㣬£˭飿˭ѣ
ȴܳɵģ˻ص죬ڹ༸׸ˣܹ̫ܳСô
ܳɱԺЦ
ܳɺЦʱѲػʿðһ̨Ĳˣƽҡ
ҽڲ˵ǰŴơ
˰ÿܳɵЦݣʱŭħµ
ǵ̨ˣ
硣
žŵһ㡣
ת̨ÿһθ
Ҷ챻ˡ
뷨ܳȻǲ֪ģƽܳɸϽȥæѲ˴ƴתƵ̨
ܳɸҪһַ˫ȡ
йۣڻûרƵת˵ĻѲ˸ʹǿҽǣ󣬿϶ûȫʹʹĸоڴ϶Ҫ΢һЩ
ȫڲ˵ĽܷΧڡ
ܳת겡ˣƣʦ˵ӵIIȨǲǾͿڿﳣ濪չСппλڹ̶ˣ
ܳɵһεض˵Լļܵȫơ
ܳڶʽյĳ̶
һܳɵͷõ
ո̨ڲΪָ˿ӣһֱȥ
̵ģȸҽƻ㱨ȻȥʡڵѧȻԲûȨ𺦺ڿﳣ濪չ
ڣ㻹öȲ֪á
ƽʱٿѵģҴšƴ
ܳǿЦŷƣʦ˵ʵܾͨгڹ̶뻯Ʒʵٷ֮һô
ƨƶʱ˷ۣҲܳɵ˼
ܳɾץץͷǰʦҲڷƨԼԼڷƨ
ܳɸпţ
ʵȻҼǲŽ군
ƽűתƻ˼Ҫ˵˵ҺͲβźð㡣ҪһֱţźʵĻĻһֱŰɣȵʲôʱȥ
ôܳɡ
ܳЦЦأҵǾõõġ
ͬʱĬĬʦԸôţȵʵĻᡣ
ܳɵԸйأ֮ÿһּܣҪȻŸٴʩչܳԼĿǵġ
˵ΪҫԼļܻñ𾪡
ǣܳѾģ⸱ңҿ԰Ѽ֮ϵĲΡ
ΪҽΪʲôͲܵһȣѼٵ˵أ
ܳһֱδǣ¶뵽ѧʱ֣طµԣҲÿҽѧᷢµԡ
ϵС
Ҳʥҽѧѧʱ̣ׯģ־ԸҽѧȰҽ£ʦؼͣ̿Уβ룬󾫣ȫ淢չ
ҾĽ߾ȫ֮ʹ֮άҽʥˣǼִ׷ΪҽҩҵķչĽܶ
ҾĽ߾ȫ֮ʹ֮
ô֣ܳȥоڻ㡣
ܳɵļﲻ㸻ԣ˹ȥоҲ첻ɺܴ󸺵
ֻ˵
ܣ
ʵû취ˣûᣬûҲˡ
֪ܳԼһӶﲻĻû취
ǣ
ԵĲΣһѵʱ䲻ܾõĻ
ܳԸôһֱȥ
ٶ༸꣬ʮ꣬ܳɶÿԡ
ԼҽһУڲ˶ţҲڣԼõģ⸱
ﵽĵȼ֮ȻЩԺȥ
ṩҽƼѾǵĵȼˣĿǰ֮ܣҲ֮ܣȻԽԼûҵķģұֻṩЩˡ
ޣҲҵļޡ
ֻܳЦҲ֪Լ϶û취ֱӸıܳɵ뷨ܳɵ뷨ܹô׸ı䣬ҲͲܳˣܳҲ֮ǰһֱĬĬţ˳סˡ
˵ˣúĥ̨
ǰ̨ı֣ǡƺȻҲһݡ
ܳǹЦؿƣʦ覴𣿡
תͷɨһܳɣ޿ޣ
MLGBģӺ˵£ӡ

ڣھŵʮ֣С侤ҵҵ˵̨֮󣬲ָϽϢˡ
˿˵൱ãԼȻýֺץصչһ˫СŽš
ĿǿţܳһȺħٴδ̨ԣʼ̽ȹ
ţ̶ٴνҡ
Ҳˣ˿Լѧ΢еۣҲá
֮ٴδӦǿƵΪ˶Ժľ
ĿǰԸһĲûˣûнӴָǿȵѵͺñԼתüңŴεĻҵġ
ŮӣѾǶ԰ΪˣֻٰǵʹԼá
̨ǻָֹǹְۣݶڹ̶
ʵ˿ѡӺõڶڹ̶ڶڹ̶͸ְݶڹ̶Ҳûкܴ󡣶ҲΪܹܳõIIȨ˲ôˡ
Ȼڹ̶һڶĻͱIIIˡ
ѲСϴС㶼͸λʱܳǵһԲ˲˵ǰ
Ȼһʦ絶ӡ
ðɣǳˡ
⻰ʯͷ˵ء
ڹ̶ôҲҪ¶Ȼٷϣʱ䣬Ϣˣзڹ̶Щ
ֻǣʯͷŸأȻһַ
㣬һ¸ְ壡
ȿȣ̱һ
վܳɣողҵ絶ô͸ְˣ
Ȼ󣬰ſܳɲſһ׵пӣֱӷϸ㶨֡
ܳɴ˿̵ϣ֪ʲôʱһǰ
Ų˵ֹڷŹĤˡ
ȻҪתˣÿ̨̨ǰҪϴֺ׼еȻеʰеҲ٣˿ҲЩ
ְ塣ݹȥһ߿׵ġ
ſ׵ģҪ߿סֱܳӻأûӡ
෭˷ۣҸ߿׸ְ壬Ȼһ°ֱӾͺſס
ѵ
Ѿſ׸ְȥܳɻѸְпˡ
⵹ΪĹпλڹ̶Բ̶ȻüܳɵĽе죬ܳɵĶһֱɣǻʵ۲̫༱ˡ
ܳùǰĤʱüá
˸ְǡôؾͱȫƤ
ʽ׼ݶߡܳɿ࣬Ը
ƺе̫ˡ
ܳ׼ЩȻе㽿̫ˣϡ
쵽ϵʱ򣬾ȻȻҪˡ
ܳɷǳҳȵ˸ְĵһݶĹʽ
6.2
6.4ݶֻܳһۣͶ˵
ȻûаѴʽĵ껹ֻ࣬šݶѵݸܳɡ
£ܳɻ˲߷ӵʱ䣬ݶ֮
йоصغһѲʦ鷳һCۻ
һֱվţе飬Ҳе飬ͷҲе顣
Ǹħ
ô졣
ȻǿƣǸ˲ٵѾ˽ˡ
̨ܳеĲ趼ûʡԵȻ
ʮһӵʱݶĹ̶ҪC͸ӣô
Ҹոյ׷ʲô񾭣ΪʲôҪǿ֢ȥ֪Ϣһ
Ϊ̨йоء
׼Щ̵ô
Cһ͸ӣٴε˽˵ԱȻһһش򹳡
ǿеһСȱݣ˸ʮ˷֡
ЦŵΣΣǹǿƵסҽ˼ǫ̂
ʵСﰡ
˵ˣÿ̨ЧǼõġһ˵ţһָ˵C͸ӽա
Ȼڿ˵ˣȫĽ˵յĶȴǳ
˶⣬ΪҽƵĿƳ϶ҽԺרҺͽC͸ӽǳ֮е顣
ֻǰҽԺĹǿ˵ãаӵɡ
ģ˶û¡
ЩóȥҽԺ᳤ֻԲᶪˡ

ǣ̨Ͱؼ
ʮʮ
̨ȫ
˰ֵͽȻ˵Ƴ飬͵ˡллƳһǹǿƵңԶǹǿƵĹ
ֵ룬Ҹ֣˵ΣΣǿˡ
Բ̸ָǾΪٴҷģҪרԼҾǹǵ֤ˡ
ô˵ţһܳڰʦѲػʿתˣѹ
Σ棬ҿ̫ܲ
ǽСҽٶȺν͵⣬Ҵ۽硣Ҵû˭˵ۿ֮⣬ĸܹôʱǫ̈̄ġ
һڲС
ˣϣСͬ־ܹΪǵͬ¡
˵⣬촽˵ȻҲҸ˵˳һ˵κǲҪⰡ
ԾǼˣԲŶһ졣
ϵƳͷİɣǻᾡذСڿҵġ˸־СǱͬͬ⣬ʵҲǵĹǿ˵ġ
¿ƣվ˭ȥ˭һء
Ȼ󲿷Ϻ˵㣬ûһһжûΪ֮ǰǾͶδ֪
Ȼ̶Ͻ˵ƳȻһԷҴ绰
죬ʵˣ˶֮󣬻ƳҴ绰ûҲиװ
̶ŸϽص˳

û㶨⺮ȥϹ˽İô
ԣҪ
æ˵ȻģҼȻˣ϶ӵģӦúܿͻнģǾ;Ϣɡ
⼸̨ȫͿչҽԺСҽʵˡ
Űߡ
Ȼ̶ְˣ͵뿪ң˵ԼѾ˷֣ʱҪ֮Ļ
ŻصϺ˵Σ飬Ҳлл˰
֧Ԯ˵Ļһû취ء
Ϻ˵ⶼӦģСΪǿҳııչȻҲܿǵζҲһһѵ
ȻСܵõIIȨޣǲ̶ҲҪעⰡҪעѿȫ
ЩôǿΪ
Ĳᣬͽ죬ܳΪôಡˣ;Լľǲġ
һϣļӴֱӱˣһ֪ҽܹĺôԴ⻷Ͳ
ңϺְܳǰû뵽һġ
̶ͷ
˱㲢˳ȥȻ󿴵ɳ˶Ӷߡ
ϺͲ̶ߺӶæʣΣڼ̨ˣ
ϺӶǼΪӵģɳ˶ҲԼѧϺҲΪչ˵ġ
ǽ죬ϺƼֱǻ쵰Ϊ
ӶãϾ˼ɳ˶أ
쾹ȻⲻңΪ˲̶̨æ
˶٣
ɳ˶Լ̫
Ϻǳ˳ָɳ˶죬Ϳõˡ
ٳԸ£
Ϻһɳ˶ӵеԴ˵ܳɵʮֹ
ϺԽԽ͵ʼѧˡ
ɳ˶ɫһ԰Ͻͷʦ滹ҪҩЩϣ˴ҹļԣ
ɳ˶ҧ촽
̶æԲΣ˴ҡֵʱ򣬲ͻȻð˳
˵ǳ˷Ͷˣ㿴ˣϾȨҲû𣿡
ǺڻˣˣӰӶûš
Ϻôһ룬˳˲١
ܳҲǲ̶ʵѧԣֻǲ̶ĺáڣԼҶܳð£һӾͽ˲ˡ
˻㣬֮ǰַܳλ򷢳ȥĲˣԶԶȲڲ˵İ


̨ΣȻһȥԸ㷹ζźˡ
ȴ⣿
Һ˸ǹǿƵģȥ䷹ֲ˼ġ
ûв˼ӡ
߳ȥ⻰߳ŭض㣬Ȼ㼸ˣԲʹȥԣǵòκݺݵسѪС
ǹǿƵҽһļֱħ
ƫ̶ģɽ죬Ҳʵһα۵ùǺȻʹص˵ͷ˵ԣ
¶㼸ˣԲ
Ҫ̲衣
һһһЩ
Լ΢ɲ⣬Ϊѵ㣬ҵ̲Ҳȣ㵹òã
ЦЦҺȾˣôҲҪ
һ죬û˵Լ᲻ãֻɵһû˷ʳϰߣ
ʵȴ룬˷̲ʳǿɳܵġ
ԵȻǶԵΪá
101.65
ѽ

ܳҵļʱϣһ
Ȼƺ˵껰
Ÿ˵ƨɺ棬ȥ
ϡ̶̨ۡҪԷǻҪȥġ
;ܳƣҪҪ绰ȨϾһѽʦ
ʮһǰɣǶϢһǶͦ۵ġ
ҵȻҲҪȥһ¡˵꣬Լ۾żԼҲ˸ͨ
Щƣ͵ıӰܳһ
ʦǶΪԼϢô۵İϾȨ˵ˣҲǲ֪еǷˣں˰


һٶʮһ أ
ܳɾ͸Ƶ˹ǿƶֱϢȥһ
ܳɾûȥϢλˣû⣬ôŵƺֵҽϢԾ͵˰칫￴˻ֻ
Ȼˢ˻þöûֱ
ʮһʮ̶֣ѾСȺ淢˳ԷصĶλдʱʮ㼯ϡ
ܳŴ˶Ͼĵ绰Ͼһͷ˯ţӵ绰ûԥʹӦ
ܳɸȨ绰ʱȨȴ˵ܳɸ磬ʦͲʦ˵һ£˵̫ˣͲȥԷˣԼ԰ɡ
żӦǲ
ܳɱٴȷʵʦͳԷһٰ
ҲûȨ
ˡǳ԰ɡȨĻﻹЩźҲ̫ˣԾͲ۲ˡ
ܳɱͷҶ˵绰Ȼƽ
Ϣ¶˯ܳɽѺ󣬴һʹܳɳݺʵϾȨ绰˰ɣ
СֻҲ۵ùǺɱ˲źá
ˣʦϾֱӴȥԷĵطȨ˵̫۲ˡܳæء
ֱͳ˵绰͸Ȩ˹ȥ
ȨԷ극˯Ƶ˵
ȨЩ֧֧صʦǳ԰ɣʵǸϲˡʦǳԣǳԺá
ϾʹȨĶأϲ
жԣУ
ǲŮѣŮѵĻԲȻĻϹҪҲһȨ
ֵʮ˵¼ҽ
Ȩܾò˵ʵƲŹ͵˵ʦ˲ʡϲ
ģ㶡
ʡС
ͬѧԼһտȨ˵š
Ȼϱ֤ʦϰ˵֮ǰ϶׼ʱμӽͲ鷿ģ
ƶʱеΰgou
ȨеõۣרŷȥиһտƱǮһٴ꼸٣ô
˵绰
˶ʡټȥ漰˽ûˡ

ܳɿ飬֪Ȩ϶ˣЦЦʣȨȥĶˣ
ʡС³ĸ֡
ܳɱ΢еȻ
ȨܵùҰİ
ֵȻȥʡУ
ⶼ˰

˳Էĵطܳɾͷ֣û˵ǻȥϢˣ
Ҳ⡪
ʹˣܿͲڿ﷢ⷢˣԼų棬ѾΪǿƷˡ
֮⣬ҽƵƳҲû
ģ졢ϺƵѧԼѲػʿϴֻʿ࣬Ƿ׷׵˳
ϾܳɺƶҪȵ
ʱڲ̶Աߣƺ֪ʲôƵģ﷢㶣ֺڻ
̶˿Ƶྡ
һԶϺ˵̣˽˵ģϺƵƵͷҲ֪˵Щʲô
ܳɽȥ󣬾˸ŵλȥ
Ҳ׼Ĳ̶ȴϽƽ˹ȥ
Ų̶ǳ¡صٴα¡صؽܸƵ㣡
ͬʱǿƵĴԼϺֹͣ˽̸ӿλơ
̶˵ڹǿϣ㱨ʱԼѧˣûɵͶƺĿȥ
̶Ļǿ˰
һѧƵᣬȫʵᣡ
ҽԺȥμӵĴ㲻࣬Ϊߵģʡÿһרƣָֻļ
оʱ򣬾ܹȥߣ
ʵʦҲĸ
˵ﰵԾ
ˣô䵽ҽԺأ
һܳʲôƸȨII飬Եòֵһˡ
Ͼڹǿȫ氡
ĽýȴĽ

ܳɿƱΧʱѹһɣãͻȻðһƣʵġ
ͿԼˮϴ붡ֽڵ˳ԷʱҲġ
ܿ죬ϵĲһһ̱ȻǱ˺ءСţ춼׿ڶֻ֤ҪƸͲ̶ʵĺĻ
Ƶƺߣ˵Ĵ٣඼ֻЦ
Ҳ֪ǲó⣬ʵһ顣
˶֮󣬵˾ƺϺ󣬲̶ӣһ
ܳɣƱվ
ܳ
Щ࣬˵µʱûԼķݶƵʱԼ׵ˡ
ȻܳҲЦһ£ŵĺôѾˣÿ˶ԼĻԵ;
ܳɾþﵹһС
̶ȴ˵컹ñӰֱӰѾѶ
һҪúõؾһλκΣҪǿǣܹǰҽԺǰδɹסԺҽʦǰʽҽõIIȨı
һֱӺˣ̶Ȱơ
ܳϾʾ⣬˵лһ
ţˮѾ¶ǣֻеƷƵζϽһţѹһѹ˹ȥ
쿴ܳɺ󣬲æ˵££ϽʼԷԵ㶫һ档
תͷ̶ѧֱǺ֣Ⱦôȣˣ̣˾ơ
̶ЦŽӵΣһúȰǵһκʽ棬λһ
ûǣ
Ծָ
β̶֪̣ڸͶ״أ˼ǰܳˣԺϵˣҲǰҽԺˡ
ҲˣЦǿƵϡ
˼Ȼô󹤷ȥܳҪȨȻԺҲˮˣ̶ҲʾȨ
ֻкԼѧ˵ԼԼĶҪǡ
ֻɨ˴˿ɫ΢еܳһۣϿʼ
ǿƵЩͷҵʳҪջһЩ
ֻǰϿҲ֪Щʲô
Աߵ෢ˣеŶ
ʱͷصһۣ˷۵㣬ʲôأ

ͽӻȥ˵ҲôȣƵƷζ
Сܣ£Ե㶫һ̶ģҵġ
СޣڿﲻʵѵھϣҲҪʵô
ʱܳɷְϾûԼʲôˣ඼ǲ̶ڶԼλλྴƣƨû˭ٹע
ƾһγ˽㡭
ȻžѺ;ƱһȦܳɺ󣬲ܳҲҪȥһȦƲУܳ
һһ˹ȥ
ܳȻҲ˰ȴе㲻˼ؼææضţվܳһ¡
֮󣬲ŵ˵ҽϴε飬˼
ȻмΡ
ҲܳɵҰԼʱǸʮķӡ
ܳЦЦ˵ûϵ

ƾֽܳ£ȥľƣƺͲ̶ȵöࡣ
ϴݣһϵʱ
ƱֱҡͷԵؿЦŶܳ²ۣ
СܰԾ̫ƫˣ飬ȴӲҪȥ㶥λεȰơ
»˾ɰ
ûȶ٣еˡָָԼͷȦ
Ǿƺ죬Ҳ죬ʹĵĺ졣
ܳɱҡͷصʦֻǲ䷹ġ
ʦҲӦֻ㣬ҲȤ
˵ʲôƨһ㶣˷ۡ
տܳ޹㳤̾һˣƽˡ
ҪǵãǷһ飬´õøҵơ
ãһܳڴӦ
û£Ǹõľƣǵõ
Դӱ̶뵽˿Ȧ֮ܳɲŷ֣ԭӣȫ֮ǰԼΪסǿҰһλòһϵҲȫһ
Ҳ֪ϺͲ̶ôģ˽ûôȻڽϣǷˮġ
ոھϣһһ̸磬һһ
Ү
ˡ
ܳɷģǽپƣһֱãϺ̶ͺˣˮݵ֡
ȻܳҲ־ãֻܽǵķ곡Ϸûȥ⣬˭֪ǵĹϵôأ
źܿ͵ܳסС¥£ܳɾ˳Ƶ﷽ȥˡ

ϾǸŲ̶һߵģϾеȴں׵Ĳ̶һ·СЩ˳
󣬲̶ݺݵشһãԿǷ·˲ࡣ
ȻԸݿ
ûã̶Ƴһ۶ϾĵصϾⳡ棬ʲô뷨𣿡
Ͼϴӳʧеתҡͷ˵ʦҶܳɸûʲôġܳɸãֻǾԼ
ϾȻ֪˽﷢顣
Լܳɸ磬ԼҵǸˣѾ졢Ϻε£ǰõ˿IIȨޣȨޣĿǰӶһӵС
ӶǿұڱԱϾȻ֪˼
̶ǰִ˶ϾļϣԼıһһֻ۾
㲻ߵܳҲãҲãǸˣ
Ŭ츳Ҷǿġ
ֻǣҪԼȥܳɱȵĻԼṲ̆ʵɣҪȵɳ˶غͶ棬ʲôܳˡ
̶Ȱ
ΪϾ˼ĻһͬҲˡ
ϾԣϹԹԵͷȻƫͷʣʦܳɸԺ飬ǲ϶ˣ
̶ҲͷƭϾܳɵѾˡ
ǱƵû̶ζ
Ͼ̾һֻˡ
̶Ͼ飬ʱЦ
ﰵ˵
ϾΪƵûҲŲҪܳɱȵİҽԺĹǿƣδܹ׵סܳɡ
ҽԺĹ涨µ̫ˣ
ûоѧԲƣֵġ
̶²⣬ܳʽԺǩͬǰ϶
Ҳƶ֮һ
Щ̶ҲֻܰЩ˵ˣŵԼѧ
Ͱ˴򳵻ȥģԼ˵Ҫˣ෴Ͱû˼鷳
ڳ⳵ϣЦʵܳôǲǻͦߣ˧ģ
ҲǿͿϧ˵
˵ͷƽ˵˳ûǺܲģҲģɡ
㣬סĵˣڱϣͰƱҵõʿˡ
ǰҽԺģҪͺ츳һ˱ȵĻ
ܻǲ˵ʲôɡ
ҡҡͷ
֮ǰμȫѧҽѧܴʱǿǼʶٵŵģЩˣٴ츳ãҿҲһһţ
sciI־ģֹһء
ԶĲᣬ˵Ǹ߮磬԰ܳɵ򡭡
ôһ˵ɫԱ˱䣬ͷЩεŶҿɾͲ֪ˡ
˵ģе㳬֪֮Ķࡣ
֪飬Ͳڡ

صסķܳɾϴһ׼˯һ
Ȼֻȴ绰ֵҽ֣˲˲Ҫƴ绰绰ˡ
ɵ˴ϡ
Ȼ֮ǰƵķֹǣԼ飫ֵֺյĹؽλַλϺġùƹܡ
һͨļԼ˯һþǸԼ̨ƻѣȻԼȥˡ
˵ýģûܳɷϡ
ΪΣ˼ﲡˣȥ̨ȥȥ
ҪҪȨ£
ܳףȻҲƷˡ
ȻܳҲ˵ԼҪȥΪ˸㸴λѾˣ켴˹ؽλĲˣҲסԺٴλ顣
Ⱦ£Ⱦ֮󣬾ǲκҽƲġ
ƺ˾ƣԼҲˡ
һȥǾһһ׼ûӡ
ȸ˰סԺȥضҽԺϴѧĸҽԺ
ԭܱ䣬ó¡
֪ãԭ
ܳһֱ˯ߵ࣬һʱֻĻʱ䣬ҲΪ˿û©ӵĵ绰֡
ֻյģҲûδӵ绰ʲôġ
Ȼܳٴ΢ţһйصȺϢҲԼ޹صġ
űֱִֻߣȥˡ
ȽϺðɡ

þܳɿʱ򣬰ҽԺҽƵĿƳԼԼ췢Լѵʼ˻ظ
̾һ
Ȼ˹ǿƵκ˶ͬʱϣȥ˸ǿסԺҽʦƸIIȨ޵ȫ̡
ȻԼҪЩΪãеǰƬ¼ΪԺ˰æԼһµġ
ԼרҵģҲ˽ܳɲ˵ӵܡ
ⲻܳɿԳΪҽԺĳ֪ϼҽʦŮǧ˿ƹϵĹϵĿԡ
⼸ζΪ顣
Բ˵úã
Ҫûһ
ΪҽƳֹҽԺеҽ⣬ÿһҪ˼ǵġ
ƸȨ飬ҪأΪһȨ
ܳĹУ£ҪҽԺվеεġ
ҽȨģ㲻վ˭վҽԺķˣԺվ

ҵԼͬѧɳйϵȻǳҲͨĺѵľѹϵж߶ѡ
ˣĻظҲһ㡪
ϹǹⷢͼƬ̼ҺսҵרҵԵĻ㻹ֱӴ绰һ١
ƸII飬ֲʲôĵ飬ʲôϡģ
ҽԺѵƬӵ˶û𣿡
һƶҿë
Ǵ绰ģҲǴ绰ģ֮Ҫظʼ
ΪʼĻظǱȽϹٷԵĹͨʽĨȥԼ˵ר˽ɡȻ󼴱ǻؾȨҲһ͹֤ݴڵġ
û뵽ǣdiaoëĻظȴġ
Ͻȥ¥ݼ䣬ֲϤһ绰Ͳ˹ȥ
ͨסʣãֻβ6852𣿡
һ߽˵绰㶣ǣǣ
ȿ϶ԼݣʶԷʲôͷ
ס˵ãһ齵ľƵĵַյԣϾõļʦΪܻܰ𡭡
˵ʱ˶Էӵصѵ
ʮ롣
ƿڴˣ
ү
ӿ
ŮԱдҵڸ
ôǰɣ
ϻǸ磬Բ𣡶Բ𣡡
ɩӺѾѾûʲôɣ
Ϸ˷ۣݣô֪
ƨţ
Ҹ㣬ΪҲ˼ͥìܣҾͰĺˣ
ҲеŭصⲻȿҾ;ǲǻ󣬺㿪Ц
˵ģӸ㷢ЩͼƬ㵽׿ûУĶʲôظ
Ⱥ˵£Цء
ôҲϴѧҽԺĸڣһһëһΪ̫ʲôʱȼ˼ëһһë߶
ֱصҿˣ
ʲôÿģ
ҸظǸ£ҪôʽĻظ
ǲҪд𾴵İҽԺҽƿƳãļϸĶؿǣʲôʲôģ
㶺˰ɣƸȨƬӦģҽƿƳǰ׵ˡ
ǰȨĳ򶼸㲻˵ȥ˵ѣҶöˣһ
ֲ꣬ظIIȨ£ܲƸҽԺ˵ġ˵˾ͽԽ޴ҡ
IIIƸȨʡڵҽѧ齨רίţ衣
㵥üƬҿҵǷҲãˣⲻǺô
𣿡
ԣüͷһ壬˵磬ԲûЩ򡣡
Ҫûʲô棬ȲϴѧҽԺĽڣʶ㰡
ϴϣ֣Ļǵ绰͹˰˷ͨʱ䡣
ãǾûˣ´ȾơҲֹͣƨ
˵һ䣺ƬӲ濴⼸̨ǰƬĵĻһȥѧ
˵Ҳôˡ
ϻ⡣ϽֵǸ
ȻһЦ
ֵĻоݣ
ڰҽԺô꣬ͺһԼֵǰôЦֵġ
ţֱҡҡͷ߽ȥ¶һȥˡ
Ȼû϶ظ󸴲ƬӶܴȥѧˣǻܲô
ظȴѾ㹻ˡ

ϾŵӣܳȻûӵĵ绰й֣Ǳٴθִһ绰
ʵָ磬ֵææ
Ҳܳɵ˼ܳɸ磬á
˵飬ʦҲҽˣȰѲսסԺ߽תԺҪٴ绰ˡ
һֱûظġ
ŶԭǾʦİŰɡܳɽźֿһ󣬲ŹҶ˵绰
Ƶϸ
ԼҪѧĶ࡭
´꣬ܳɱϿʼ˽շݵģ⡣
Ϊ׼Ȩ˯ˣû˼ȥõģġ

Яʼܣ1.ҽѧӢ2.֫/ָ/ֲֺͨ
Ϊ˱ģ̵Ĵԣܳûдκ߰ļܡ
ʼģ⡣
ڿеҪĽɫһIIȨ
󵨵ظϼҽʦ˵㲻Ըٳеؽλַλְֵֽ̻࣬˶Ͼѻȫתøֵ࣬ڿﵣʦĽɫ
ϼҽʦȻԴΪ죬Ըɣ
ܿ죬ֵ¹֮󡣡
ΪӵʵĽʻӵкɨȫҵĶ֫/ָ/ֲֺܣܿƼ֫/ָ/ֲֺͻ𡣡
֮ӵĹпλڹ̶ɹõʡ֪ڵϿɣɹǰõIIIȨ
ɹԺ
һļܵȼ缶ǰأҵõ֪ڵľټ뵽/΢ѧίԱᡣ
ɹõְʿѧλʽڿﳣ濪չ֫/ָ/ֲֺ
ͬ꣬ˡĽǿһʿ񲻴СΪͻݣͱ
꣬һѧ⡣
εĽȱȽϿ죬ܳɿЩ֣Ե˵ͷ
ֻŸԼһȥѧ֮ܳġҲ֪᲻Ϊء
Ȼ
Ӿ˰빤ģʽǳΪ̤ʵѡ˻ع
꣬ˡ
ðɣһˮʵ⣬ûʲô̫Բο塣
ʮ꣬峣Ƥת
ʮ꣬˶֫/ָ/ֲֺΧڲ֢Ԥ飨֫/ָ/ֲֺΧڿʹþ飨
Ȼ֣ڶ֫/ָ/ֲֺϣδͻĹؼһ
ʮ꣬ĸʣعɥ
ͻȻ֣ǰޣȻѾټޣȴĸĸʱĲþòƽϢ
ӿ԰˭
ܳɸоΪ⣬ûע⣬ģͼ
ɥڼ䣬ĸ㸸ȥĹļЧȥ
㸸ĸɥ£Ƿĵʼתȫ磬Ⱥ顣
㷢֣֫/ָ/ֲֺȼǿŶѻμܵļܵȼͿʵ֡βͻһδȷ˼·

ʮ꣬ڽͷ

ģ̣ܳɵüͷݺһ壡
ðɣûͻƵһȥ
ңģедǡ
֫/ָ/ֲֺȼǿŶѻμܵļܵȼͿʵ֡
㵹Ҫдôʵְ
ܳ²ۡ
ϧûʲôĻһģļ䣬ٴģĻǾˬˡ
û̫ջ񣬵ҲǰԼļܵȼ֮һƵ
ˣģɣ͵Դˡ

գܶ賿0005
ܳɿԼļ
оʮֵۡ
֫/ָ/ֲֺͨ
ļܵȼǣ
1.֫Ǿֲʾ飨֫ѧߵȼΪ
2.֫ǿŸλڹ̶/̶
3.崴ߵȼΪ
4.񾭷ߵȼΪ
5.ѪܷߵȼΪ
6./ѪתλߵȼΪ
7.峣ƤֲߵȼΪ
8.֫/ָ/ֲֺ󿵸ָߵȼ
9.֫/ָ/ֲֺΧڲ֢Ԥ飨ߵȼΪ
10.֫/ָ/ֲֺΧڿʹþ飨ߵȼΪ
niaġܳɴ˿̲סЩƿڴ
ΰ£еμܶﵽôܻˣ
жɣ
ܳǴģֻ֮˼ģ⣬еķ֧ܶɵȼÿһεģУܳҲﵽȼɾҲǸѶֲָȼ
һͲаˡ
Яʼܣ1.ҽѧӢ2.֫/ָ/ֲֺͨ
ʼģ⡣

ʮһĲƸۣԼĸĸѡ˴ְ
ˣ뵽ĳ֮
ܳҲû취ˡ
ֱͲǿѧܽˣ鲻ĪҪȥ׷֮ζѧŶ
ԴܳɾȥĿɲɣ
֮סִֿԵδˣ£˵ҽ֮·ڷӵ޺λ֮ڣȥѰԵ
⻹ôϳȥˣ
꣬мĳ۽С
ʮ꣬㸸ְĽᣬͻļؼұɥ
ʮ꣬˵е֪δͻƶֲ֫һء
οЦԼһǸЦȻɻͷϻ䣬һʹ
ģ
ģۣĵͷӬһԣʵһֱڱ˵δѰޣһ̫źҲֻһź
ܳɾˡ
ֱӰѱʼǱˡ
ʵ벻취ˡ
ģߴѧ·߲Уܳɿܲ·ߣҲΪʵǿܲ⵹ʲôС
ȻܳԼˣС˵ݱᣬš
ˡ
ֱܳȥܿ˳֮С
գ𴲵ʱܳɻȻԿеۡ
ǿһȦžú˲٣ģ⸱еһλᣬܳɴ㽫ʱȵŪ
Ͳˣ˸緹Ÿȥҡ
Ľ鷿
գĲȻ࣬Ҳ٣ûֵգֻܸɵš
̶ƺΪֲȨͶϾҲ˵գ̨С
ֺǹ۱պϸλڹ̶
ҵܳɣ˵̨Ŀʱܳû˿ؾ͵ͷˣ˵ʦӦģġ
ͺãαϾΣ̫˱ˣܹǲáҶϾǲεѧƼţܳɵ
šܳǼֿͷ
ҲͲ˵ʲôˣ飬̫ϸµĽͣҲ̫ʡ
ƱһֵĽ飬Ǿܳɸջ顣һһ죬˭ҲԿ
ҪƷˣǰ漸ֵĳ΢˵⡣
ܳɣ֮ǰҪֵü죬Ҳ۵ùǺġ
ܳҲͬˣӴҶ΢һ
ҲӺüһЩ
Ȼ˵ֵɣǶϢһ졣
˵е죬ѰΪ찴֮ǰŰ࣬ӦֵֵģˣȻΪܳɵԭ򣬵ʵˡ
ƺܳ󣬾ȥ˰칫ңǶشȨͶϾǰ׼ȥˡ
ܳҲ׼ȥ˻ҩӭȴײűʼǱɫֱñ߽߮硣
ܳڿ߮ʱ߮ҲĿؿܳɣתһȦ


һٶʮ µ
Ȼ߮˶͸һ˵Ĺ죬ܳȻǿضЦк߮磬ǲ귿ˣ
ܳʱʵǾã߮ǾǱȿϺӻҪӲĴС
Ϻϵϼҽʦ
ŶӦڡ
ϺΪΣĩҲҪż鷿ģ߮磬˫ݡ
ÿεĩ߮Ӱӡ
Ҳ͹յʱ߮·ûģܳɾͲˡ
߮Ե˵ͷҡҡͷ˵Ӧò˰ɣˡ
Ȼ߮ܳɷ룺ܳɸпһȥԸѽ
˳ϲ
ϴ߮ʹֵܳʱϸһµģɱϺİŴ߮Ľࡣ
߮ο飬ЩΪҰѽ飬ӹһº뵽˹ȥ󣬸ղضĶõһС
ڰܳҲ˳µسΪʮºһǳҪǽɫС˵档
ֻ߮ʱ䣬֣Լ֮ǰܳɵ˽⣬̫ڱˣԼ˽⵽ģֻǺͶϾһֻһͨСɫ
̸֮ܳ߮;ãԼܳɵ˽⻹̫ˡ
ΪԭͣȥĻ϶̫٣ʵԡ
߮žãԼбҪܳһθϸزɷá
ҲÿԽһܳյõƸIIȨ޵飬ܳȥ
ܳԣƺҲ֮ǰһκ߮ԼȥԷԼʱûͬ⣬߮˵һ´ԼԼʱþܾͬˡ
ͷõİ߮硣͡
Ȩ£˺ҿЦǿԣ߮ͱȡЦ˰ɡ
Щ¶üǰʣµģֵһᡣܳɰʵ˳
߮ƸIIIȨ޵ģһڿؿչIIIͨϺ֮ڽģǹ߮ǲIVҲ͵͵ظˣ
˵ܳɲԼͱ߮ϵĶȷǺ߮粻ֵһᡣ
ңܳԼҲûʶ߮ȻС
ǣ֮ǰʶ߮ƤܳΪġ
ΪֲܳԼ
ܳӵĽ⣬ɽܳɻǶ߮籣ųֵصġ
߮ȴֻǵػصûʲôֵùϲġ
IIIȨ޵飬ҲǵʱˮˡҲֻ߸ѡ
ܳɸ磬֮ǰûͬ⣬Ϳ˸һѯʦӦûʲô鷳ɣ̹߮Ȼص
ҵ飬߮粻֪·ġ
Ƕ̹ˣ߮ãḶ́߮ûʣҲȤֻϣûлظܳɴʲô鷳
ܳ⻰ʱȫTM⿪ˡ
ԭˡ
ܳɾ˵ô̶ͻȻ˵ҪIIIֿԭԭﰡ
ҡҡͷϰѻȥ߮˵Цˣô˵Ļ߮磬Է£㶼ܾܾ˰
û߮磬ûIIIȨ顣
߮Ȼ˺ôֻ֪֪֪ܲˣøлĻҪлġ
Ǿͽɣܳɸ磬ҲкþˣûһԹġֻ߮ЦЦûٶˡ
˵ܳɲŶ߮˵ԼҪ
ת뿪ҽ칫ҡ

ŰСʱ֮ܳɸԼĲ˻ҩȻ½˵ǰҽʱ
̶Ǹݣ͸ܳˮгɵḶ́ʮ̣Ĳˡ˵һҲǲ̶ıãºߣȻûظܳɵл
ܳɸæлȻк˶ԡһȥֵֵҽֵ֣ҽأҲйһˡ
飬ȻҪһһġ
͹̣ҷ˳ԣҲİãϾ鲡͹̵ʱ򣬿ҶһԵġ
ֻǣڳԵʱ
߮ͻȻɫ߽ҽ칫ҡ
Ϻϵҽ϶¥ȥˣֻв̶ͺ¼ڿˮ߮Ȼɫе㲻̫ԡ
ػк˵߮磬һˮǲ˼ܳɸ͵ġ
߮ɨһȦˣͻȻĮ˵Ϣ棬ϺƤʼǱ֧ɫֱʣ˭𣿡
ʵŻҩζǷǳȴûſ϶Ҳû˵϶һõġ
߮ôһʣ
ܳɺһ£ͷ͵ҳ֮󣬾ûȥϢˣǼֻȥһΡ
ؿ϶ûá
߮磬ֱʲ𣿡
Ҫһϸң
߮ĮתˣȥءϢѾϸҹˡ
˵˫һʧſڡ
ٴ
ܳɱתͷʣ߮ıô
˳߱˵ıʣʱзģϿ˶˳Ҳ˳߹
߮Կе㲻̫˭ˣ㲻пܱ
ڵ˶ҡͷڻ˷۵һ֧ôСֵġ˭ϡƵġ
ǼϢҶûȥ˭ıʰ
صҲҡͷ
ܳɱ㲻ٶˣǱǰ˳ˣԸϣҲ顣

ֻǣû뵽ŰСʱֺ߮ܿ۷ɱ˿ңȻֱӾͳ嵽˻ʿվ
ҵ˵໤ʿ˵ǵһʵϰʿҷϢҵĸֱˡ
ֵ໤ʿ˿æתͷ˵ŶҽţҵȻ˵һǵˡ
ңǷҽϢңô϶ǵʵϰʿõأû⣬˵˽
߱ʣһǳص飬һ֧ô
Ҳ˼أֵҽؽҽϢңȥһϢңȻ۷˻ʿվߡ
Ƶҵıд֡߮绹ԼƵݸֵĻʿҲǿҵһϻʦˣٻ˿
ٻɨ߮һۣ߮ĵļ¼ҲǾ߮еë
Ͼʵϰʿߵģãû£ҽǿҵʵϰʿ޷ҷҵȻʹ绰ѱ
ڿ磬ȥԷϢˡ
߮˵ܲܰ绰ңҿȥãͻңԷ
һԵھҪɫȻǺ֧ʡ
ٻڸε²˵ҽ߮⻰Щͷˣתͷô
ʵϰʿıʣͷǵڻ𣿡
ûæ㶼У
ʵϰʿͲҪϢѵû𣿡
һ֧Ұҵıʸ㣬𣿡
Ȼٻ߮ϴѧҽԺоɲô࣬߮ڿɶ²ĽʲôڣһëǮϵûС
¹ϵֻҽԺͻҽ˿ɡ
߮ƽʱڿϺǹٻɲš
ֻҪҵĸֱʣʦ
ҵıʣҪûҵĶӦ顣߮粢ûнٻݹǩֱʡ
ٻˣź߮磬˵ԼȥɣҲ
д֣㻹Ҫʱã绹ˡ
ﻹæšٻ˵ֻ꣬ԼĹȥˡ
Ϻúõش߮磬ͼϡ߮ʦΪʲôȻö߮ΨǴӡ
߮Ҳƽϣٻ棬绰ˡ
ιãҪԣڰҽԺĹǿƶ13¥ҵĶ͵ˡ
ҵȡ˼أҵˡ
ٻʱ˶ɵˡ
߮һߴ绰һתҽ칫ҷˡ
ٻæӻʿվ߳ʮֵܵ߮ǰˣ
㱨ˣ
ǲԿв
ø㶼Уٻһ£˾ʶܱ仯Ȼδػǣ浽ǻԻẰȥʻ
ȡ͵
ΪʲôܱҲûôֻҪûҶͿˡ߮ƹٻҪߣ
߮úܣʲٻ͵ģҲָʹġ
ٻṩϵʽҲǳ
Ըæ飬ԸæǱ֡
߮ûٻ鷳ֻûԼıʡ
ٻָ߮һ˵ˣô£㱨ˣ
߮üֻҪûҵıʡû˼߮νƿٻ
ٻŭҸ绰ϸѱ͹
ֱëһ֧ʣôзġ
Ҵûˡ
Ƿ㣬˶ҪϢ
㻹ٻһ˵ţһ߾͸Ͻ˵绰
߮˵ұʵʱûǹҵĸܣΪʲôҪĸܣ
ÿʦû㡣

Ϊٻҽ칫뻤ʿվ֮䷢˴ɤţڰ칫ܳɵˣ¡
׷¶Ȼ֮ɫһۣҲǾΪЩ
ʵϰʿ˵Լô˵ıʣʧѾˣʱŵûʧɫϽһ·æ˻ͰѸֱʻ߮磬ϵعǸ
ŵСǵġ
߮Ҳûƽϣ˱ʺ󣬶лԷûУûԷĻҿһȥ緹
߮гԷ˼СʿﶼµķëˣôܻҴӦ߮Լ
ŵõʱ͵ͷˡ
ⳡ־磬Ҳķʽճˡ

Сʿ뿪ʱӽӽ㣬Ҳ׷Լ£뿪˿ңȥԷˡ
߮ȻûµģҵܳɣȻ˵һȥԷ¡
ܳڶ߮е
߮ˣô˵أ
Ҳ˵òԣ϶Ҳ˵öԡ
Ϊһֱ֧ʣûǸ˳߱ʵСʿҲǹӵġ
ܳɵͷ˵õİ߮硣
Ͻһ£ûˡܳ£Ͻ߮顣
߮ȴǰѸֱʻعԭλص˸ֱʺЦЦ˵ûˣܳɸ磬ǲǾҸոյľٶܹѽ
߮ȻŵɬЦݣܳɡ
ܳش𣬾ǣȴҡͷҲûоùְɡ
ֳŻصҸ˻ǾãǸʵϰʿҲǹģ͡ʵǿԽܵġ
߮Ƣܹ֣ɷϵǣҽѧϣǸ۲۵š
Լңδظ˵߮Ϊ֪߮ĵףȴ֪߮
֣߮ܳҲֻǿǵѧͷǳ⣬棬ò߮ûʲôֵĵط
ǷӣҲɵӡ
ţ飬߮ǴΪЩɡ
ܳɾãദԼ϶ûȥı˼άʲô
ǣܳɾԼҪ߮ǰԼ뷨˵
˵˵Լ飬ѡ
ܳɲµ߮磬ҲȥֺõʲôûʲôϵĵȻദʱ򣬾ͻȻЩ
ңܳɾãԼ˵Ļܹ߮еĹۣǾͲѿˡ
߮ܳһµݣ˵ݺ߮翴Χɢ˿
źȻתͷܳ˵ܳɸ磬Ҵϣоõһַǳصʡ
ҲŻ˵䡣
ʵҲΪһֱ֧ʣŷҪǸСʿġ
Ҫֱָʣҿʮ֧͸СΨ֧Уĸҵʮһֱõ˽졣
֧Ҳãص壬ǳ⡣
߮ܳϸоͬϢǹ°Ҳ˵ƽ͡
κദƽӦԣʵǿı֡
ˣϵϺµСס࣬ҽദʱ򣬶شһᷳζ档
ʵᷳƢ
Ψܳɣû֮һ
ܳҪôɷʣҪôʵǿ
ᷳʾŸоûҪ
ܳԲɷһ͡
ܳ߮ÿһ֣߮缴˵⣬Ҳע⵽֡
ҲȻˣĻô߮ľٶˡ
һĸ׹ǰµ꣬ô֣أǿġ
ܳɾãԼԼƢӱ꣺ԭ
ǸСʿò̫ˡܳ߮
߮ûϸؾȥѵЦЦȻһ⳵ܳһ˺
ܳɾ͸˾˵ȥ֮ǰ̶ȥԺ
߮粻һˣҹϵǺ죬ԳͳԷҪѡ羰ȽϺãҲĵط
ʲô˹ݰзʳݣЩΡ
ѡĵθߣΪϤΪ׽ֻѡøӿЩʾء
ϾȨԷĻзܴˣϵˣûҪһЩϸڡ
⳵˾еɵˣϰ壿ô߰
طƫƧسڣԲҡ
ܳɾ͸˾µ˾˵Ŷﰡˡ
һŲˣ߮Ǻؿܳɡ
ЦЦ˵ܳɸܻѡطʿʦѵ
ܳ˵֮ǰʦŴȥһΣҲǸ֪
߮Ͳ˵ˡ
˵ط߮һʿмӵζʱЩĿܳ˵
ܳɸ磬Ǻõط￴Ž꣬Ǽʮܵ顣
ָ߮ԶȾͷһ¥˵
ĳΪɫŷ磬Ҳû޵װΣȷеֽ˼
ܳɵǲַ̫ţ˵߮żС
ԷģͥǿԵġ
߮⶯صȥԶǸͤɣ裬ʲˡ
˵žͿ첽Ǹȥˣ˵ܳɸ磬ȥˣȥĴ߰
ˡ
ȵܳɵĸˣȻ߹ȥʱ򣬷߮վڸ¥£ſ˫֣ŴȻ
߽󣬱㿴˫Ŀͦظͬʱ۽ǻżᡣ
ܳʱĪˣ߮磬û°ɣǲʲôĵˣ
߮ҡͷչһ۽ǵˮ鱻ķ紵ɢ˿
ȻŤһ²˵ô಻ĵŶ
ֻǺþûонôʹˣллôõط

ֻǣ˵꣬߮һʯϣӱĲóƤʼǱͳɫĸֱʡ
дд˼º󣬰ѱʼǱһǶϣȻܳ˵ܳɸ磬ȤҸ˵ι𣿡
ܳɱֻԷġ
߮˿̵ͻȻ䣬Ҳþܾϴ˵Ĺ£϶һ㡣
߮˵˿ף
һѣҲҷǳҪõһѡ
ҲС˵ǡ
˵ţñֱʣתһ£ȻͻȻһؿܳɣͻȻʣ
ԼԼ˸¶˵ɺ𣿡
е㼱죬û֮ǰôƽ
ܳ꣬ŵõʱվŵŵ
Ҵΰ£
TMʲô߼ɿ
С˵ͷôдߵ
е·ܳɼöˣ˵Լ·ܳɿ̫ࡣ
ˣܳɻŵɫеˡ
ԼԼ˹¶
˼趼ɱˣ
Ͳֹ񾭲ˣ㻹д磡
߮磿
ܳ˲óһܵƲ⡪
߮о񲡡
ʱС˺ԼĸĸӲֿƵˣԾˡ
пճģ
߮翴ܳͶץץԼͷ
ȻԳҡҡͷ˼ˣҾͲˣҲ˵ˡ
ܳɵ񾭽ţ󱳶е㷢һ󣬻ͻȻʣ߮磬Ȼʼˣǽɣʼա
µģһ㶼ϣܹ֪β
ܳ侲󣬻Ǿã϶ֹô򵥡
Ļ߮ԲôѣһԼĸĸ
ΣշӲܻߣ
Լͬ⣬;˾ȶͬ⣬Ҳͬ⡣
߮ٴθ߿ܳһۣܳŻ˵ʼա
ңأ߮綼ˡ
ʽ˵ǰҸĸȥԼΣλ·ϣ˳
˶͵ҽԺʱڼƣҸ׵΢һЩĸ׶ദĴˡ
ʱѪܹĽöʡȥˡ
ҲұԸҸ׵һġ
ǰҸоųɵİܹ
ҸĻֻĳɲ
ʱǸ˵Ҹֻһļʣĸ׵̨ԺĻҲ˵
̰ˣȥĸ
ۿҵ£Ҳûѹ
ͽҽԺǰʧѪ̫࣬з˶ʧˡ
ұȥҸڵʱ֫Ѫ˨䣬´Χβ๣Ȳˡ
߮˵ţشԼͷ
ƺ
ܳϻȻҧ촽߮磬һ仰˵
ҽ߲ҽҽҽ
Լ˲Լ˿
ǴӹŴһɣ
ܹܳ⵱ʱ߮ĽţԼٵ׸˭ʱΪԼʱ
뿪ڰοܳȴһֶ˵
ѡǸ˶޷ѡɣ
ֻ˵컯Ū˰ˡ
߮硣ܳɿ߮ʮºץס
߮ȴǳ³һû£ʵ߹ˣҲ߳ˡ
ĸһңҰְһѧĽڡ
ֱ֧ʣǰҲһ֧һģҰѧϰֱֵʱ򣬸ġˣҰʮյʱһ֧
˲СĹֱָʣʵѾͣˣҲ֪ôµġ
ǰҰ趼ѧҽ̫࣬ԽҲҪѧҽȥѧڣȥѧѡĿרҵҵʱʢǵģһͷ˽
һͷ˽߮Ȼƽ˵š
˽߮ظš
ܳɾ;ؿ߮磬һӣȫȻ˹
ܽô仰
߮ĸĸ߮ѧҽ˵ѧҽ̫࣬߮ѧҽ
һѧãɾã߮ٸĸ˫˫εʱҪѡһѡһǰٷ֮ʮֻܾһ
ĸǱֻŲŵסԷ
Ǹĸ˫˫һڴ̰߮ģѡðյǸ
Ȼ᲻ãûס
ԣ߮ȥдС˵дС˵ֻĻ
Լʵǣϲҽѧģ
ܳɾúĿܡ
ģ⸱ǻʵģģ߮ģ⸱УԿС飬ڹģ⸱С
ѰģѰˡ
Сппλڹ̶
ѽǲϲûȤĻô;Լأ
Ȼ꣬ӽ֪䣬ȥһеض¹㣬ٴγд֮·أ
ã˿̷Աϲˡ
߮ɫ𽥵ƽ
ΣȻִ˺ƤʼǱɫֱñ棬ддһ
ţֱպ϶ϣСɽ˫οտڴڲ㡣
ĸˣ롣
߮ȵ˲裬ܳ˵Բ𰡣ܳɸ磬챾ףµģȴҵԲƣԷһ
лл㲻ŵҷɧ
ܳæҲ裬Ȼʣ߮磬ҪҪģ
ܳɽĳɾƣƾûкþƣǻʱеĺʣͱڡ
߮ҡͷܳɸȾƵĻ⡣ҴٺȾƣ
Ǿǰȹھ;Բ¡
ܳɾͲȰи˵ϰߣͺǲϲһۡ
ǻǺȲɣʵҲϲȾƣҲϲ̣ϲƣֻû취Һ󣬾ͱѡһѡżȾơܳɽ͸ո˵Ļ
´̼߮硣
߮ν˵š
û취ʲôʮȫʮ
ν˴˵ĽǶģ۴۽Ƕȶġûдӿ͹۽Ƕȵ
ͺñûԲΣǿģҲǱĥúƽƽûй߿ԼĶζѡ
ܣֻʶϲνȥɡ
߮뵽˵ѡп
ǣ߮⻰
˵ģ⣡
ܳɵͻȻһ£¡¡ըװը˿
˵ʱվ
֮ǰһֱִźԻļ߮⻰һӺϡ飬Ȼ
֮Ӧģģ⸱棬ڼܵĵȼ˱仯
šͨͨ
ȼ˸ı䡪
綨弶
ڹ۵ַλĵȼǴ¶壬ˡ
綨塣
ͬʱܳһֱִŵģ֫/ָ/ֲһ̣ĵȼ
֫/ָ/ֲ綨壩
ܳΪȻеɵۡ
ԭӵô
ԼܴﵽĶ壬ϵԶڣΪʱܱŻǧ֮꣬Ȼпܻᱻı䡣
ԣԼ֮ǰһֱ׷ģѶ֫/ָ/ֲֺͻƵȼǸڵġ
˵֫/ָ/ֺǶˣǲȫָ֮ǰӣȫָͲܴĶ壡
ڵĶ֫/ָ/ֲֺ׼ȷ˵Ӧýж֫/ָ/ֺĹܲ¶ٹܣۺΨһһǾԵģǲָܻٷ֮٣
Ĺַۡλȣ֮Դģ⸱ȼ
ΪĿǰ֪ģΨһһȫļ
ܳͨЩ֮ͻȻǾɿ졢鸴ӽ֯
߮翴ܳͻȻⷴӦ̧̧ƤȻ˵ܳɸ磬˵ѵô
̰ܳʶصʵ߮磬㽲ǶԵġ㽲úܶԣ
˫־豭߮ײһ£ǸӻȻ
û뵽ôãģ⸱˺üӵĶھȻķʽһӽ⿪Ǹһжʶ
߮磬츳׿ˣҪ츳ԼǷţ༰
ֻǣԼңпĳЩطһ
ǣʣȻߣһǾԵģԼӵҵ֮Уĵط
ˣӦ߮Էˡ
Ǵضԡ
˺󣬾ϻѣʼư֮ǰһնƵġ
꣬ܳеţ߮ҲñƽԵĶҪ࣬˲ͺ󣬲ֶܳ˹˵
ܳɸ磬ʵҽһҪ㡣
ʦ飬ȿȻܲܣʲôʱ򣬸㰲ƸIII顣߮ͻȻڣʮ⡣
ܳȻһ󣬵ֻȻ
߮飿Ϻͬ⣿߮Ը
ܳǰû
֮⣡
ȴ֮С



һٶʮ Īǿ
߮磬飬̫ʰɣǱߣô˵߮ĻܳɶԿ϶Ǵ¡
ֻ߮Ϻģʮ·;¸¾ֱӿˣϺ
ʵ˵£ҲҪ˵
߮粢⣬ĶýһٳԵ
ζȥ羰ϼѣһסĽ˳û֮ǰôˡ
֮ԸܳߣҲǰܳɿͬˣҲǲϣܳΪΪ񱡣
ˣһ棬룬߮粢⡣
ܳɵĴڣϴ߮翴ַܳλڶڹ̶󣬱϶ܳҲһˡ
вԼ츳ȴӴڰҽԺĥ飬ҲǱͼ
ܳɵıҲĹ¡
߮еڳȻдԼС˵棬ԴдܳɵԸĿģ߮ЩԼȥܳɵܣᴥĴ
Ƽˣ߮ոڳԷĹУԥȥܳڵ뷨
Ҳʦģ˵ʲô߮粢˵
ܳɻȻ򣬿Ƶ߮磬ΪĽ
ʦţж֧ţĺ°ң߮ոյĻӦУԿó߮߼ʵģΪǷԼĸԵġ
Ǹ䣬ûҪӸԼûҪ˿
곡Ϸһ㶼ֵֻ÷곡Ϸ˿ʵеԱҲֻϷ˿
ʵ
ܳȻһЦֻĽԼ϶߮ˣߴ࣬˵£ͲܵöԷֵֵˡ
ܳɱ˵ǵʱϣܹ߮ѧһ㶫
ֻ߮ҡͷҲ鷿ֻ·˵
㻹ǾͰԼ·߰ɣҾддС˵ˡ߮ЩԳЦЦ
žͰɨ˹ȥܳɸ磬ȻֱȻȥɣﻷҾ֡
Ȼ˳ϰһ£Ժܾܲŷ硣
ɳУҵȵĵطҪҪôһΪ°ĵطɲףмдС˵ͬ໥ãָӹŵɧ뷨Ҳͺá
ҪʵʩʵҲûô׵ġ

ܳ߮һˡ
ÿ˶ÿ˵뷨׷ܳûҪı߮׷Ϊı߮ľ
ȻҲ޷ʲôҪЩʲô
ÿܰԼþΪס
˸ϻסķӣһ۾Ϳ˿Լп
£ԷЩòõ΢е㳬֧ˣĲҪ¸µвŷš
ø绰ҪǮˡ
ӹʱܳɱûٿʼҪǮ֮ǰһĴµ߶ͳԷʵе࣬԰֮ǰĴܹˡ
϶ﳬֵġ
ûмڣܳɹֻ꣬Ĺڣŷżٻؼң궼ɳйġ
ܳÿڣ绰߿ƵʺԽܺ˼
ǰѾûǮ顣
пףܳɱٴ˻ȥӵ绰ϰ֣ϰ濪ģӵ绰ʱƺںͿ̸飬˵绰ȶԿ˱Ǹ
ȻתĵطǰŴ绰ôִˣ
Ȼôʣȫûвͷ˼ˬʡ
ܳɴϰǰǾÿ϶ֹһӵģ˵ԼǸиõģĸ׻еʱûӣܳһˡ
ĳƺһֱô
üζ˵ܳǸӣ̲û߶ʲôż˵üֻһӣ̫塣
Ϊ绰ܳɱֱ˵£ϰ֣ʼҪǮó֧ˡ
ҲǶӣϰԼĳ磬ܳһֱ޿֡ټܳɴ鷳СѧУȻɼզģҲһûԼϰԼȥƨɡ
һֱܳǮƷ棬ŵúܿܳÿʼҪǮʱ򣬶Ϊ󷽡
ܳɻҲжȣǰÿοѧֱӰһѧѺѶܳɣܳɻиԣػȥܺ㶫
ûԥرҪ٣
Ůˣز׽˹ؼ㡣
ѧʱܵһÿ¸ܳǧٵ160014001200ܳɶû
ûӣܳɹÿ»ǧಹȥǳ࣬ܳͻȻ绰Ҳֻ뵽ʡ
Ҳһֱڴʹߴٵģϣܹܳմһϱ
ܳɱ˵ûУϰ֣ҽԺԺĻᣬԣõöˡ
ܵĴ㣬ܳɻҽԺҽԺϰ࣬õġ
ܹѹ֧򳵣ȢϱȫźãܳɹȶһӾʳǣġļޡ
ܳɳУоѹܴԸܶε绰Ȱ
ܳһֱûɿڣһҲû߶ˣж̫︣ܰܳ࣬ҲܵŮе뷨
ֻǶܳ˵Ǿֻܾġ
ܻΪû˵żİӲҪܴܿ࣬ϣ㵽ʱҪڡ
˵㹤飬ľˡɶʱܸϱؼҹꡣ¡
Ҫ٣ܳɽ궼Ŷʮ壬ܳɾԼǸӣû뵽ܾͿʼˡ
Ҳ⣬Լûҵ֮ǰܾͽѧ̸ѡ
ΪܸܳɣҲУܱΪܳŴܼҵĿȥ˴ѧȺܿҪеһڵĿ
󷽵ظ¹ǧ
ɽܳһ긴һûжֱӲ˾÷ơ
ѣҿڱ֤Ůһǧ
ܳɻǲһȻɹСӵǲԼģԼǻͬŮûֺġ
һǧ塣ܳҲûҪֻϣܹŵ¸·ʡ
Ȼ͸ԣˡ
ҸŮѣҴһ壡Ȼ׻׻š
𡣡ܳɷ˷ۣԼӼֱûΡ
ҸǮ

ܳɹ˵绰󣬾˶еΪ顣
˼ҵļҽ̶ǣֻɣӲͣ
ܾڴҶ£ĸĸҲһˡ
ȻܳҲܺ뷨Т޺ΪҲԼϴѧ󣬱뿪˼ⴳأܺùµˣҲûСš
ָСĴ¡
ܳܺ趼ΪĽ˷ʱŮȺϥ³лĻ档
ƫƫһͷҽһУرǹ󣬼ھͲ˳Ըˡ
ȥܳûؼңܺټҰǨɳбˡ
ȻܣܳɻǾԼܾͬǵ뷨һŮѣܺ϶޽Щ¡
˼ͥͺΪܳɱԼȥ͸õηηβˣ˼Ķˡ
Ȱѹѧҵ飬ȶ˵Щ°ɡ
˵ʵڴѧʱܳɵĳɼȻμ⣬ֵԸ
ѧ˭ῴɼǶ󰡡
ŮǣͳֵˣңֵعҲֻô꣬ͻΪƱˡ
ܳɰ˾ȻŴģ⸱ʣһλᡣ
סûмʼģ⡣
飬ܳһεظоˣģ⸱ʵ֮ľʵǳ
ֻܵͨģ⸱ʵ֡
ģ⸱еģ̣ȫʵеطչ
ֻǸԼ㹻ʱߣԼͨģ⸱ȥԼʵеѧϰʹ֪ʶȾûˡ
ǳãʵдƽ̨ԽߣԽܹõذģ⸱
ٿ˿ԼļϣһѿΪܣȷĿ
пλڹ̶綨弶
۱պϸλ綨弶
Сппλڹ̶綨弶
ȱĹǰֲ綨弶
ؽλλ綨弶
֫/ָ/ֲֺ綨弶
崴綨弶
ȫŹؽûͨ
ؽھؽڡؽڡϥؽڣ
ϥؽھֹƽ̨伹ݶڹ̶ͨ
ؽھTFCC˵޸
ؽHillSachBankart޸ͨ

ȻһӰ˵ļܡ
ЩܣǴӵȼϿǴϿѾǼΪˣܳɾãϴѧҽԺͨںͽڣҲδرǿܶࡣ
ܳȴδ˶
Ϊ˽룬ҽѧһУԹǿһУ˽ԽԽ룬ԽԽС
ͺñȣĿǰѾõIIIԣܳɶǵ⣬㶼ǴֲڵģҪò˼顭
ܳǴӿ͹۵ĽǶȣôʶԼġ
ĿǰҽԺзּ壬ίԱٷѾĶ࣬£
1Լ޲
2򵥵֫ڹ̶
3򵥵ĿԹ۵Ĵ
4Źؽµ֫֫
5򵥵˴
6򵥵ԹԹ׼ŧԹؽ
7ӳ
8ͻж
9ڷʯ̶
10ַλʯ̶
11򵥵ڹ̶ȡ
12֫嶯г
13Źǽ֫
14ķsyme֫
15ϥ½֫
16ָͽ
17Ͻ֫
18½֫
19ϥϽ֫
20֫Ѫ̽
21֫Ѫ̽
22֫пȡ˨
23֫пȡ˨
иϸܽ£һٰʮ࣬IIб档ͷһְɣ̫ˮⲻȥ
ܹٶ֣̫ˮˣҪǽ͹ۣ
ЩĿ¼棬֫Ͳˣ֫ܳ۾ҲȥЩ⣬ԼõĳIIȨǻкܶ඼ûѧģˣѧϰĶȥ
ͺñȣӳпȡ˨гȡ
⻹ίԱᷢģиҽԺԼƵIIĿ¼ǸܳΪ۽磬һһȥϸ⣬˽⣬ҲҪһʱЩġ
ӳ뼡ķϣ֮ͬܳȻмķ
ӳ͵ϣ治һȻֻڷϵĻϣȥһ̺̣ȫһˡ

ûеõȨǰܳģ⸱ĿĵҴһͨȻĿ¼Ϊָܳɱýģⷽˡ
ǰϸÿҽԺеIIģһ顣
һԵػȼܣһܵõ
ǹǿƵIIѧ꣬Ƕ֮顣
ҽѧ··ҳ⻹ֻǻȻ˵ЩܿûҪȻԼѧõĻᣬΪʲôȥѧأ
ҽļԽ࣬Խеб޻
ôƸȥѧȫ棬ͨ˿϶ãЩܣȫûҪо˷ʱ䡣
ĻᣬܳɻǲŹȥѧõġ
ܳɵëͲãûë
ҲԸܳٴ˵ûСûϼעĴ
ǿҽ󣬿ʱġ
еѧлѧҲ˷ʲôǾȥѧ
ѧòҲν
ǵȵĲˣȥѧϰĻֻһЩƤë
Щ˼·ܳɱſ˸ӳ
һףȿ飬˽ܡ
Ȼõѧϰһܵȷ򿪷ʽ

ܳڿ飬ȷԼѧϰ밲ѧϰ滮ʱ
Լһؿб˳鷿һУǼӽ˺ܶרҵ顣
ҷ̨ϵĲ廨ֲȶǳïʢ󣬲֡
ԼרĿ鿿ϣһУֱ̫ˡ
ΪԼҪ½һ鷿Ҫһʱ䣬ųóա
Ͼһϰ㣬Ǵϰ˵㵽°ࡣ
ҵʱ룬Һ󣬳Է϶ҲҪߵҡ
˶ϰߣǰϳܣô磬˶İСʱƳٵϡ
Ȼ˶꣬ÿ춼״򲻶ؿСʱ
ôһ㣬;ŵˡ
˯ǰ˯Ĥ׷Ѿؼѹ˰СʱڣȻҪԼˮһףҪϴͷȻĻͷ֡
ԼĳͷǳᷳҲ᲻üϾԼҲϲģȻҲܱһε޼ƵʣʺԼĳȡ
һ㣬Ҫϴ·ʱ䡣
һļܹȥ鷿ʱ䣬һҲʮӵСʱˣ
ÿһ죬Լŵúܳʵ
쵽飬յĿݣΪǰ°࣬Ͷˡ
òϹŵëȲ˲·ĺȻСܵϴּ䣬ѹɵɨ㡢ϰѡһһ˹ʼɻʰ޴˿Ϊǽĵ档
ڣϵߵ룬ŷǳؿŸɾ鷿Լдĵ㡣
̧ͷԼĹ߼ΪͣʺϿİ׳ƣЦݡ
˵ʵǰ°࣬á
Է˯ССʱֱҪ̫
Цһ󣬿˿ʱ䣬ʱüͷһ壬ίʱ䲻ˣֻܳСϺͰˮ󼦵ˡ
緹ˮ¼ȥϴ˸裬ͬʱϴͷ
Ȼ͸ϽҴææȥͷ
ͷŸϽȥͿͿĨĨС۷һŵСϣѵ緹ҹˣˮϴȴ
һֶ̣ӣ⹴̵شҴææܽ鷿ʼ˽շݵĿ顣
鱾࣬ҧϵ
鿴˴žŵӵʱֻһ£üƿյļӣĻԼʦԼϢ
ǻǸǿƴֻ̨Ϣʱϻһ顣
û˼ˣϽѽŲȵϣè
˫ֱֻظʦôǹǿư
Ͳܻȥ𣿡
Ȼǰ°ĸоãɰǾãڴǶʱ䣬ƴ۶ˡ
ʱ䣬ǿȣֱǷ
Ȼǰ°ĸоͦõġ
ͻظǺͲ̶齻ӵġ
ԸҴ˵绰˵ˣģܳɡӦòܿ죬ࡣ
꣬ίӣظʦҲô˵ġ
ȥһֻίĴèı顣
Ѿˣһӣظһ̾š
ʱ޿̾һ˵ǿƼֱͶ
߮ǹǿƵģǰʱǸóĺڹǹǿƵģĥҲ˵ģҲǹǿƵģӿʲôʱǸͷŶ
Ҳֻѧ飬Ҳȥ㷢ɧ
㿴˿ʱ䣬ְСʱĿʱ䲹㡣
ȻȥϴĤϴ˯ʵճ
ա
ңʼһյķڹ
ߵ͵ң׼֮ǰļ黼߲ȹٴߵûɣҽǷʹʺϵЩ
ΪҽǸǰ󣬶ȥպյ˽ǰѲãдǰѲӵġ
ΪεѧǵоˡΪʡ˲ٵʱ䡣
ֻʡʱ䣬ʼ֮ǰЩҲҪظԼԹĿġ
꣬˲ûʲô֮㾲صѲػʿѲƽʼ
ǿƵرǹǶƵ֫мõĵطǣһ㲻ȫ飬ȫ鸴ӣҪͻز
ԲŴڣͲˣͳḶ́ȫûдʱ䡣
׵ǾһģҲ֪ԼʦԼչ׵ӲĤȣȻźΪԼȥѧϰ׼
׵ӲĤƿزõĻǾͱȥˣ±ֱӴ߾ҩ㵽ѪҺϵͳ
񾭺ͶţǴ͵ѵ֮һ
Է֣Ƚ䣬ûرı־ѵ֮
ȴ͸ѵǷ֧ͣ񾭸СθӸӣƿأпܾûﵽ͵Ч
ڵȴҽʽʼļ϶Լ˼ƽš
һ仰˵òûд֮ǰ̨߮򣬶ֳѶȵˡ
׼Ƥ񾭷֧ͣһҪô׼͵Ƥ񾭷֧ЩͷҪС񾭣ͷƤʮַ顣
˵ģ֥ڵϣȥһҲܱǿ֢ǲֱµҪƤȥӦˡ
Ȼ󣬵˰˵룬󣬶Ϣжʮӣ˲٣ʼ
Ϊֻһ̨ţǳ
˵ʮ̧ͷЩ˻ĥ󹤣ڴ·ͷ
ţʦûƭң಻졣
ӦûϢһ¡
ͷֻ
ŵʮ֣Ƕʮӹȥ̧ͷʱǲǸýˣſ֣٣ڱ¶۶϶ˣõ絶տζе̱ǡ
ţƤٻжʮӡ
ŵ룬̧ͷ֣ٵǿ˹۵Ķ϶ˣһǰȥ֣ٵĶ棬ڽҪżһҪѹĤ׵ذ
űͷ
ŵʮʮʮ֡
һֱʮ룬Լ̧ͷ˶ٴΡ
ֱʮʱ֣ٲŶѲػʿ˵Ѳʦ鷳Cۻ
ɽʱûӦȻͷŷ֣ϴֻʿ࣬Ѳأʱ棬ڵ˯ˡ
˵࣬æCۻ
һ飬˹
˳䡭
꣬ʶܽңȥˡ
ϾڰӽCۻͬ
ɰŸ׼ӲĤĵʱ˲΢е˽ŵ΢еˣϽȥͣ¡ڸʲô
ûء
ҵߡСǳ޹̧ͷգգͺÿûлëͺܿɰһ۾µԲϣ·չԼӡ
ʦûꣿܵͣԼҲһܾͬСӰ㣬ԼСצӸ˻
֣ٺͺĶԻȻüͷһ壬ѧôԳǻû˵ǰȥĵͼ
ڷʻûꣿ
̨ǿݺòã
Ӳÿǵ
Ҳû˵ʲô黹ûֲ㵽̨ǰѴʱ̶Ľ˳Ȼ¿ʼλ
Ѱң𱸵ؽҸ㽲ɣĿʼͽٴŶġ
ֻܾĿʼո⻰еԽ޴Ұٶ˵
СװصͷСеί
Ϣʱ򣬲ͣһʱֹ̫ż
ǿƣ̫źˣ
̫ˡ

ʮʮ壬֣ٺһ͸һ£
Ȼ̵̨߽֣߳ϣ
ʵʵؿźˣΣͬһֻƵģһֱ룬׽ûҪҪ
û
ź֣ӡ
֣ٲ˵Ѳʦ鷳͸һ
ʮһʮ
֣Լ˼ˣ˵㣬࣬͸һ
ΣҲǷǳҵCۻȥˡ
˸û㣺Ҫ͸ˣǵڼ˰ʦߴ˰ɣ
ȴȻظĪǿƵһ̨;͸һΣٵġ
εʮڣڳ档
͸ʮʮΣʮҲûз顣
ҵ˼ô
ûʶܶǿеˣûס
ʦ˼ǣ֮ǰĹǿ͸ӵĴ㼫ټٵģ
ץץͷ˵٣Ӧ˵ҽԺǴٵ컨ˣˡ
ȻҽֻҪҽѧٴһأܵǵӽǣȥǵҵٶȡȡ
ҪѧӲˡӿ͹۵ĽǶȥһС
˵⣬ָʡ
Ҳ֪ע⵽ûУϴιǿƵǸܳɣϴѧҽԺؽڣûܸ࣬ȴûе⡣
ϸ˼𣿡ʡ
ҡͷʵͣһҺܵȥôı顣
ȻҪ˵ʲôʱ򣬺˾˽æ졣

ڣʱʮһ̡
֣˵ʮĴC͸ӣC͸ӽ֣ٲųһ˵ΣҲɵصڶ̨III˰ɣ
ţҲͷƬĽȻûЩأȴҲľѳۣٺøĶ
պſùȥˡ
ûþûãȻξˣǶɰµ顣
Ჱӣ˷ϣܰɣ̨ˡ
ˣվСʱŲסˡ
֣Ȼ˷ܣõģΣȥԷϢɣʣµĽҾͿˡ
Ȼ֣ٴغͶ߽䣬֣ٴأʮضͰڵΣ߷һ£ͿԽˣǳ
ΪеŪ˼
ڶ̨ڶڹ̶Сʱˣɱȵһ̨ҪǰһСʱࡣ
غͶʱ˴Ĵָʼҵ֣ʦţƣСʱ˵ڶ̨ڶڹ̶
֣ʦһֱǿðɡ
ֻǣ⻰Ȼܴ˲̲סЦ͹ĳ죬ǿбסˡ
Ƿ˷ۣ촽ҧţĿ⸴ӵؿ֣ٵˣǵϣȻĺÿġ
ʱһ
ⶼЩʲô˰
һСס࣬㣬Ѿӽ̨βˡ
ϴĦʱ򣬰Сʱȫ㶨
⣿
ôʱŸꡣ
ôģ
ԼЦ
ҵǸúЦǸúЦأ
ɫһᡣ
ð²֮󣬰Ȼðһ󵨵뷨
Īǣǿ
ұȹǿƵζҪǿöǿ


һٶʮ ħĵڶ죡
ȻûЦֻ̲סô롣
֮ǰԼʦרŸԼC۴飬ǸԼԤ룬ƽ̬˵Ļ
֮ǰӲĤĹӰεͲֳ¹
ڽУҽӸˣǾԶԵ¹ʡԼǧɣ˵ȥģ㶼֪ô
һ㣬ǿ϶ġ
Ǿʱ䣬ҪԳʱ䣬¼Ҫʵ¼
ļ¼ҲҪ¼
ʵУҲġ
û꣬ˣ￪Цأ
˰ӵ֣ٵ˴ϣȻȥͲ˵顣
ʮʮ֣ĥĥ֣ٵˣŷ꣬ʯ࣬Ѳ˽ࡣ
͵Ȳˣ׼˰Ѳͻزһй
ʮʮˣȻҪһ̨ˣ
ûճԷˣȥҲֻвиʣˡ
ôôడ
š
̨󣬾ͿȥԷˣҪܣٴһ̨϶һˣʱзô
ԣƴȥʱ򣬰Ӵ˵㣬ȥԷʱûʲôˣǵɡ
ʱ׼ŰѲͻزƲ˳ʱ֣ٺſڣ⻰ǹ˵ġ
Ϳһ֣٣˵ͷûػ
֣Цʱһеڵط˷ۣƵӺҵĻʿɨˡ
Ҳö˵ʲôϾ˼۵ǳԷ飬ûͳԷͻȻӦ
ѵҪԼһǽϴգ
Ұ˵Ҳʵ

ܶΪһֵֵ࣬Խֵֵܳࡣ
ܳȻֵ࣬Ҫڿңһš
ȻֵģϺϵӶǶϾȨ
ǣ̶һ˶ߡ
Ҫ֪ǿƸȨͶϾһŪһ̨ɲҴˡ
̶һֱΰ칫Ỵ̄һ磬˾Ͱһ̾͸ûˡ
Сʱһ֧
࣬Ҫ̫ࡣ
ڣò׵ȵ˷㣬ƺͲ̶ҵ˵Ǿǵ㷹͡
ƽʱڿңˣȻǻǸñʾһµġ
Ƿǳḻ˫ǽ
ó̶Ҳܴ󷽡
ֵȻԼˣ̶ҲӶһˡ
Թ󣬲̶ڽӵҵĵ绰˵Ǵĵһ̨ˡ
̶̾һȻ̷Ըȥ֪ͨϾȨСֻ극ϽȥšҴߴҽϽ翪̨
ϾȨ̻ʵذѲ˶ˣͳˣ˷ѵķͰ๾ˮǷˮ㣬Ҵææظȥҡ
òС
ܳǼӶڰ칫ң˹س
Ӷܳ˵Сܣ㲻ȥ𣿡
ȥģһĹؽλԼܸöġӶؽ͡
ʵΪεġ
ǿʽְҲֶԹؽλһ֪ģϴڼλѸԵļؽλϺչӣǸҲһֵࡣ
ʵӶãǡøԼһ࣬ãܳɣ
ϵֵ࣬ô
ֻǣӶҲö˵ʲôԼûλܳɽģƵʱҲ˵ˣǾѸԵĹؽλȻܳɽˡ
һʵóϣԽⳡȻΣҲֻӲͷƤϡ
̶ǾòΪԼֵԭ򣬰ܳڿҡ
ܳҲӶ˼˵磬ǶϾȨĲˣѾõIIȨޣ͵ǲöϡʱȲʦʦ֪ͨɡ
ȥҾȥûеĻһǸһֵ࣬ղЩ
Ӷֵֵ࣬ܳ࣬ܳȴǷģԼֵҽӶ㱨ġεĲˣҲǸϺ飬ҲǸӶʿͱԺҽʦӡ
Ӷ㲻˵ʲôˡ
극ƹҲǿܳɺӶ˵ĽɫתͬһֵΡ
ܳˣܳɣһȥ
Ƕֵ࣬ûʲô¡롣
ܳȻ⣬˵õģʦҳ꣬Ͼȥ
̶ƲĻܳȻǽרΪȨͶϾ׼ġ
ֱȥ
ֶӶЦЦտ
ӶҲӦõģֵ֮¡
ǺԼĶλ

ˣӹǿƶһȦþŵ˰칫ﴫķζڹַˡ
ʱ;ͬݵĸ뷹͵ҵĸſڣȥá
˿첽ذѲ˽ӵңȻ㿪ʼе飬Ͽٵ׼ˡ
ʮӺһ˴һǰҪõеƵ
ţǿ˾Ƶġ
ʦˣˣԶˣԾͺؽ㡣
㿴˰˼Ͻ˵ҲȥԷɣûʲôˡ
ҵϳ֣Сֻ첽ܳţ棬˷Ȼһ˴һˮ
Ȳ˺˰װһڷζڿǻڵζըһ̣㼫ˡ
Ψʳɹ
ȵ˳Ա㣬صʱѾɵؿʼˡ
ȥæҪ̨ʱѲص鲻٣ܣ絶ڵ絶ĵ׼Ƭȵȣúܡ
Ȼϴֻʿİæ˿ҽ鶼Ѿ̨׼ʼϴֻʿҲ޾£Լĸλ
û֮ǰϴֻʿ̨֮һֱܳɳеѲػʿĽɫæ顣
Ͻ㱧ǸӹԼڵĻ
໤ǰһȻʼķ֣ܳǰǶȴų̂ġ
ֻ̨ıԵȻִҼʱ塢Ƭ̨֮䡣
оеЦ
θ治֮뷨ȻҲӶЩ
Ͱ룬ĻԼؼȥ˯˰ɣ
ϧֻǿͣһĪĶ뷨ջŰ
ϣ˦ͷ뷨ߡ
Լ
ħ̨ʱ࣬ɲô˼롣

Ͱ࿪ʼܳվĶϾĶ棬ŶϾЩΡΡԲ̶ϸġͶι
̶޾ӣѾõĻߵֹжι֮ǰһεĺۼ˵п¶ƤƤ¡
ǵýĽǶȣǴֱпƤƤ¼ɣȻбߵֱ
̶ΪͷؿԼѧ˽Ͷι
ҲѧḶ֮̌ǰҲܳôһεģҲ֮ǰĹɹǴ¡ۣڶڹ̶ǴΡ
ɣ̶ֻǸܳ˵Ҫ¶ܳɾͶ˵õ˵Ƥȥ
һˮİֱֻʣͨλʽ̶Ƭݶһ
ò̶ģûʱͿȥܳɽнѧ
ܳվһߣգգۣû롣
ȨҲ̶ĽѧɲֻԶϾһˣҲҪ࿴ѧҵϾе©ҵעϸڣԼעⲻĵط
ͬʱʼԼҪĻԼ˼·ô
ѧôѧġ
̶ģҲԼʦմԼʱҲôϸĺϸ£ԼĻԳʦźܿ죬ȫ飬϶ǿԸöġ
ֻʦûпʼҲԼû׼
Լٿ̶ԶϾĽѧһֻͷ󱲵ĸо
ⲻǵۣרҵϣǿ˭ߵøԶ˭ڻͷӸ£˭ϻǰ
˵ʵܳɾạ̃һ㶼ûй۸С
ܳɾãϾõ֣епƤһ̶ϵƤԵΣӰѪ˵ͬʱƤļʡ
ͬģпܵϵĹУԺϲѣγɸİ̺صġ
пС񡭡
ʼпڡ
пڵʱһɾǣµҪݣҪϣԥԥһһ¡
ߵҪȣббյҪƽ
һҪֱյܹ˷пÿһƤһпڣ˳ҪӦ
ǵϾǳѧߡ
ˣܳɾ˼Ȼҵļʱ£ʼԼĹںˡ
ð˶ϾȨ̨ȥܹдһ̵Ĵƪ鼰޸Ľ
޵š
ܳվڶ¥¿ѧСѧܲڱϣû̫ġ
ܳɻװģżą̊́ԣռۡ
ϾԼңΪ˱ӶͬʱֵദΣ⣬ϻ̶Ľѧġ
̫мһˣ̨ԾͲ֣ǶԶϾȨĲأҲǶԲ̶Ĳء
ǿһ͹еĽûдɱɱҪʣҪеġ
Ͼ׼ĲˣȻʲôӵĲˣֹжΣ򵥹ۣAOA1.2͡
ܳɵƷʽĻ˾Ͳܳڲڼƾͱܳˡˡ
Ȼκһ͵ĹۣԽƵģһԭûġ
ϾҪɳȻҪֵģˡԸ̶ûܳɳȥַλǰ£ܹ¡
Ȼֻһ·ˡ
ʱߡ
ܿʮ֡
ѾһСʱˣɶϾȻű¶۵ĹĤùǰǳɬﱩ¶۶϶ˡ
һøְŽȥǿռ䡭
ʮ壬ϾŰѸְ˽ȥ
ʮ壬Ͼڵ˸ְŵĽǶȡ
ʮŴ˵һݶĹʽһݶ
һԣĵض˯ˡ
ȴ˯İļС񡣡
ֲǲΣҪСԲܳκβأעȺͶȡ
̳ſƤúġ
Ȼ˿Ҽʱ£లؿǽϣ
ĺĽ
ȻƳƳܳɣܳһֱڷֻҲǵĽǰߣһĵģ
ʮ֣ϾڲŴ˹·ֱһŹ̶ݶ
ȻűʼCۻ͸һ£
͸֮󣬲̶ָеƽƬԶϾʼ˵̣Ĺ̶ݶ
ְ͹ͷ֮䣬ôһ죬𣿡
ְ͹ǶˣһҪܵΪãֹжΣûлȣҪѹռ䣡
һ룬ƽʱʱ򣬸ôе
̶ѧʼգöϾԼһΣ˴ȻŸİ취
˵Ҫڹ̶ݶʱְѸְ͹ͷ֮ع̶ס
ƽʱҺͲʱ򣬶ûһԼֱˣҪעеÿһϸڣЩϸڣ;ġ
ҪȥĦΪģ㿴ģڻеòܹ
Ͼ̣ܽԹԵصͷ
Ȼ̨ܵԣѹ̶ݶȨæ̶Ȼ´ݶ
ȻһC͸ӣȻְ֣Ƕ˵ķ룬ˡ
ȻĿͶ̶ƺڵſ佱
̶ȴ䲻صȨȥѻ֫ߣ࣬һC۵ĽǶȣһλƬ
Ȩȥ
ȻC۵͸ӽһ
ϾȻϵĸ֮ɫͲˣͷȥҳصͷ顣
̶ٴ˵̵Ƭӣ
ͷβְˡһһ£
ְ߳ɼнǵģǰˣҲע⣬ӵ󸴲ƽƬŪ˶Ūȥ
סһֻһ𣿲֪ͬʱ̶
һֱ͵ιһӶת˵һ㶯һ㣿

Ų̶ôʱƲƲ죬ȻĿ⿴ңƺò˺ÿϾôڡ
Ҳǽҵ˻Ƶģ˰ĺһ£˵㿴ʲô
㻹ǵϴδ׵Ҳ׵϶ʱô취𣿡
н취
Ҳͷȥֻ˹֡
ܳһ߾ţ￪ʼֹ
˵ʦʵ㽲ģҲ߯԰
ƺòƣһ̣ܳô㶮߮ˡ
վøߣߵԶʱδǺ£¶Ҳʲôߺͽˡ
ֻǣ߮ȴǵҲߺߣϴѧҽԺдĽ͹ͨԭ
Լ
ˡ
ܳЩС˼ԼǲҪ̵̫ĺá
ԼԼ;
Լõ˿֮ȥˣ·
˵ǰǻñ䳰ȷ˿
ôûУܳɲö֪٣̶ƴûʲôֻû㹻Ļᡣ
һУܳɶʱͨ͸ˡ
ԼöϾȥڶڹ̶
²ܹýֱָͱƤŶ

ĵ룬Ͼŷǳؿ󸴲ƬӺһ̨Ĳȫ
Ȼƣʲ̶ˣʦҾÿԷˣأ
ƿ˿ƽƬߵȻЩ⡣
ϲ£ǰ˺ëȻûȫĹԺȻе覴ãǹۺĻָǼǿġ
λãǹ̶õǿмݴʵġ
ͶԲ̶˵Σɣ滹һ̨أ
һ̨һ㿪ʼڣŽӽβƷ㣬һ̨Ҫҿ̨ȥˡ
Ԥڽʱ䣬ŵࡣ
̫ˡ
̶ȻҲǿǵһ㡣
ͷ˵ɣһ̨ת΢ɡ
Σһ˰̶Ǹض˵
ľص˵ͷ
Ӧõģ֮£ȻҲе㵰ۡ
̨ȫTMǽѧͲ̶ͬʱ֣СʱͿ°࣬ǵø㵽ʮСʱߡ
Ҳû취ҶҪѧ
ǰʱȻҲǻǰٴҵδк
̨һ㣬ҴѧʱˣܱǸ
ûԼĲˣֻȥٴҵΰ㣬һ¡
˿̿˿ϵļʱǸӾ
ڶϾ˷ϵʱԼʦʦǲûıడ
ͷǿƵ̨Ԥ㻻֮ǰˣûࡣҪȫ
нӰˣǰһų࣬ʱܳ䣬ᰲӰࡣ
ûõǿƽ
Ͼ̨򵥹Ľ࣬һ඼öˡ
ʱɬ
ŵ°࣬صҡ
ʮ㡣
ϴϴͷͷϴˡ
ĤҲʱˡ
ϴȻʱ䣬ҲֻʣһСʱˡ
ҡ
ͻȻʽؿܳڵķ򣬿ܳȻϻһģﾲӣ̨ϵĶϾ˷ϡ
żվΪ׼һ¿ߡ޾ʯӻ
Ϊ˼ӿתȥǰ׼һ̨еˣ˳Է
߳ȥʱԼˣԸԼһֻеžصŶϾĥ
ﰵĥŮĥ
ǰôԸ
ȻΪ
գʱ䣬ʮ롣
꣬Ѳ˵޾Ϻʯã̶Ƶ˿ʱʮʮһ
ⲢҽѲػʿ뿪ҵʱ䡣
ǻҪͲز̨
Ԥ٣ҲҪʮʮ뿪䡣
ˣææŴѲͻص˲󣬷·ɹ˵ľ²ˣ޾ɵأҷϵʱһƣûС
ģһ죬̫滺;С˯оԼƨɶеˣý̫УԵӷе
ɣ
ۡ
һ㲻ܽģƫƫ㵽ʮһ㣬ܻؼң
ֻܻأܵҡ
ͻȻࣺ㣬ȻĤ𣿡
˯ˣҪȥϴϴС˯ˣˡ
㻹ҪĤ𣿡෴ʰ
ʱͷҡ˹ġ
Ҳˣȥϴ˾͸Ͻ˯
ﻹʱĤŶٸһ㣬˶ˣ໹Ҫأ
ǰļô°ʱ֮һ
ǰͻɽ죬̼Ϊƽȣƽ
ƫƫ̨ҽĥ󹤣ϵʱ
˵ǿЩˣԼϲʱ䶼Ҫʡ
˿ΪΣƺҲýʲô
ٴҽҪɳȻҪѧϰģ֮ǰҲҽҵĻʿкֻǰʱߣ̫ĥߴˡ

ŷ·ߵĵƹ⣬ʱ
·ϵĳѾ㣬⳵˾ſڶûһֻܽеεΡ
ﳵؼҲ̫ȫͺһεΡ
ò׵˼Ҵææϴ˸ˢЩ꣬Ѿʮһʮˡ
Ѿǰʱ伷˼ˡ
׼õô׼ܿһһİ򿪺ֱӰһ϶ϡ
Ȼ˵ƣ׼˯ȴ˯⡣
죬Ϊ⼸̨Ľȫˡ
ΪǰǸƴҲӾӰ࣬㹻ʱ飬˶ͳԸЩ
ɽ죬ΪǰԤʱʵʱ̫ȫû׼ֻܾصʱ䱻
ƺôһȣæȽкö˰
һħӰӡ
ֵʱ˵㣬۵мֵġ
֮ǰ°࣬ʱ䣬ˡܲٶ࿴ĽѧƵ
ϣĹǿҪ˰ɡ

һţͿϺЦھ˵ΰ˼Ҫ£⼸̨ܽ΢һ
Ͼġ
ɫһĶ΢ͣˡ
Ȼ󣬰㿪ʼ֮á
ûû
ƽġ
ȵȵȡ
ʮһʮһ̨˳سԵͣñá
ɵڶ̨ʱ򣬱˵ˣҹûķˡ
ȻǱϺѧɳ˶СʱǸСʱ
һֱĥĥߵ㣡
Ž
Ȼſʼ̨
ϺԲٵ
ҲǾŵ룬ŵÿա
˼
ȻһСʱңҲǰѰʱ伫ѹ˲Сʱˡ
ǳϰߡ
ʱʹ绰Լʦ˵ʦȥǿ˰ɣ
˵ûѽҿ״̬ܺðҲæ
ΪҲ֪춼͵͵˯˸ֻû㡣

˯
ظһʡԺź
ͽ͵ѾǿƵνˣǶƣԸѧҽԺǽѧҽԺÿֻһ̨
ңѧʱ䣬ԲܰųĸСʱСʱʱ򣬴ʦӹܹȥ
ô㣬ʲô
ŷ
ͺãͺá
˼󣬰˴ϣƺе㻳֮ǰرʵʵʮƣա
°Է˯顣
дʱԿӣʵõġ
⼸˷ѹװ׺ķ
Ը۵㡣
ǰǺգϺգǲǾ̶ֵˣ
ܳɻ᲻̨
ɲ°ࣿ
ôԼе
Լô£
ôĥԼľƣħЩڴ
ѣ
䣬ҹ
ܿؾ뵽˯֮С
ܳȴû˯ص賿ĵ
ģĸIIȼܣܳΪЩڴģᣬ׿ģȼأ
ţȻģ⸱棬ȼĶˣܳɻϰ硣
ڡ
賿չܳɾͿʼ˽յģ⡣
˵ΪвٵIIIܺIVܴףԽԽIIΪ֪ʶȻIIһҪעϸҲв졣
ܳɣ쾹ȻƸģȼļܡ
֫пȡ˨綨壩
֫пȡ˨綨壩
֫嶯г綨壩
ΪĿ
ǰֻģĸһģ
Լ֪ʶԽ֮󣬾Խܹ׵ػȼļˡ
Լյõģʱȫͬˡ
ȻⲢ˵ܳɵʾǱúˣˣǣʵĽͣʵǶඨġ
ٶô͵ġ
һһָʣָָĳֹ߱ʸȣָ̬ò
ļȶû취ı䡣
Ŷģ⸱Լ΢һ¡
ڶ㣬ܳɵ֪ʶͼܴԽԽ֮Ȼʸ񶼻ѼȻˮɡ
ڣˣۻȻȻػʱ䡣
̬òĻܳɾãԼʣ㹻ġ
ܳ÷еźóԣӦ飬㲻Ͳ֪ݵļҷȽ˼ȥ׸ˡ
ܣܳɶʱ
㹻ʵˣͺ̫Ҫ̫໨ڵֶΣȥԼӻˣ򵥵ļܣһжȻȻˮɡ
ɲһֻһIIȻ浽ˡ
ֻǣԼһӶûʣƻĳԼһǰ塣
ɷ֡綨¶塣
һ컨壬һƿ˷ԼӸ컨壬ǲһľġ
ʱ䣬Ѿǵ003541
̫ˣϽ
ͷܳɱ̵뵽֮УŶᷢڴ˯ø
ģ
һ֮еĵ졣
ģȴⲻͬһЩΪģʮһµĵһ졣
¶ϵĿͷûĩôҶͣ£ͷ㡣
³ǹҽתӡ
Ȼܳǲỻط˵ģڿˣҲֳȥס˻µ³Ա
⣬ܳɻЩڴ߮Ҫ뿪Ϻ飬ԼˣҲ֪罻ϣϺθ룬˵ʲôĻ
߮󣬻᲻һЩȤ鷢ˣ
磬Լö󣬾̲סҲأ
ܳΪ棬߮絽Ǹʲôˮƽ


һٶʮ 궿ˣ
ϣܳıƽʱҪһЩȻšëȥˡ
һЩڳܵʱ򣬻һˣܳй֮ԵİҲڳܡ
ʱһЦ˸кˡ
ܳɳͣϴ굽˿ҵʱû뵽濴˼ס
֮⣬ÿζúĹڣòƻû
ܳɾҵ˶Ͼ˿칫ұվŵļʣǿƶô
Ͼͷ˵ǰܳɸ硣
Ĺֳȥˣ˵ϺӶ磬Ҳֳȥ˹һơ
ܳɸڵֵ࣬Ҳֵˣξ͸α
ÿһ
ܳˣֻеȻ绹ȥһֿ˰ã
ǿƵסԺҽʦ࣬ϸмһֿҵģҽԺļƾڹһơ
ǰϺÿζӶڼƵֿƻˣӶһưغ
Ͼܳһۣﰵ˵ο϶᲻ãҲסӶһаʵǺܳвСϵ
ӶǱԺҽʿģȴҪֵհ࣬Ȼֵ㱨ңҲ᲻̹
ȴ˵ǹڹñȽϸһЩ˰ɣҲȥ˹һƣһƵһЩҲ˳ȥ
ԴҽԺ˵ҪһԺҪҵ˻ֿƣԽԽˡ
ҹƹ°ҲҪֳȥ
Ͼ̾һ
ҪΪʮµתģǿƵĹƻУ˹ǿƱ⣬м££Ӱһ£֢໤ҡƵȶҶҪȥġ
ǰȥЩҵʱ򣬿úЩֵǿƵ˽һ¡
ͺñǿֿƵģֵƣôǸԴԼĿңڿܲȻҹܵĲķֹܲϵͳˡ
ǣԴҽԺ˵Ҫ֮Ը⻻ƵĹˣҶƺּңʶ
ܳɵĺã֮ǰѾ˹ǿ֮Ŀңʣµʱ䣬ֻҪڹǿƾͺˡ
ܳɱ˵һ죬ȽϺõĿ
ſ

ڣ˽ʱ䡣
ֵҽǶϾֵ໤ʿ˷ֱڽࡣ
ܳǽվŰ칫ϣҽλճһѣЩꡪ
û뵽ӶȻ;뿪Ƕơ
ңܳɻע⵽Ϻ˿̵ɫЩأ˪һ
ȶϾ
ҾͳϺѵ
Ϻȴڷ㶣ûӦֱʿϺŻһ飬ϿڵţãԲ鷿ɡ
Խһ
ʿ˵Σǿ³Ա㻹ûǽء
Ϻ㿴ʵͷˡ
ƣŰͷ𣿡
Ƶ˵ͷ˵Σ缸˳ģֻǡ
ǾˣɣҵԵλãò鷿Ĳ鷿
ǧʢ֣٣ʵƷԱܺ͸ڴλķ䡣ɢ˰ɡϺһеؿ˵꣬վ
ǽûʲô¡
ʿĿɿڴؿϺôվҪߣоԼ첻ʶϺˣ⻹ԼʶǸ
ʿϺ߮磬˿ҲǸŲ̶ƣһ߳˽Һ󣬶Ϻϣ߮⣬ӶҲˡ
ȫ˹
ߣҪɢô
̶̸磬Ҫô
ܳɺֵ࣬ͬʱһ飬ھ߮Ҳ˹ȥ
ڹŴǾԵıǿ׳
ȣȥ̶⣬¼Ժҽơ
ԺĦ߮硣
ֵסԺҽʦȨϾҵ򺣱
ֵƺܳɡ
ڵˣϺ˿ɶö࣡

Ϻûлӭ³Ա̶뿪˽Һ󣬾ȴҲ2528ſڣС͵ظڵλ³Ա˼򵥻ӭʽ
ɤӣǳˬʵصȰҴǿƣӭ³Ա
һ߮磬һǺ
ӭǿƣ鰡
ƺͶϾܳȨϵعС
þʹ̼˺ϺҽǣϺ̴ȥ鷿ˣǴŴ󲿶ȥ˰칫ҡ
߮ƤЦⲻЦصͷллΣҾ͵ġ
ǿֿƵ򺣱ȴΪЩظϽվֱӡ
˵ллʦллʦҲλ磬һ£ϣλʦ͸λЯ
̶ֵھͻʶһ£ûҪôʽڿӰ첻á
գս󣬾һȥ۲ͣǿµĵһԲͣɶ׼ȱϯ̶һ˵ɫ
꣬˿߮磬ȴˣ߮磬п𣿡
߮ûգ治ðѻ˵
߮˵ͷεİš

ǶϾֵ࣬˽죬ڵա
Բ̶ܿؾͲ귿ȻֵĶϾơܳɡ߮ˣһ˸ȥҡ
δֵȨյ򺣱ڰ칫Ҵ˵ҽͻҩȲ
ȨȻǿٵس˻ҩңȰѻҩռһŴ򺣱ʿվȥûҩ
򺣱·ţĿɿڴ
Ƥ˳Ȩ磬黹˼İ
δˣȲζҪôࡣ
εʲôͷ
Ȩͨͷûʲôġ
˵߮ܳɸ磬Ƕ˰
Ƕǻҩ֮˵ɣĻҩ࣬
磬ӦûӴǹǿƵĻҩɣҸʾһȻ϶ͻˣܼ򵥵ġ
򺣱̵ͷлллȨ磬ǰûʶǿƵĻҩҪ鷳ȨҪҡ

Ȼҩ꣬Ȩִ򺣱ҩϵеʱſûˣŵ
磬ʵˣûʲôĹϵ
߮硭
֮ǰģ飬Ҳ֪ΪʲôȥҽԺû˹ܵš
򺣱Ȼ򣬵Ȼеԡ
߮ҽԺǸʲôأôȻ
ȨܳɸأҲͨ࣬ڣʦһֹſֵ࣬һҪЪֵ¡
￼ǵ࣬԰հ͹ܴȡˡҪܳɸ̫ˡ
򺣱͸סˣϵȨ磬㡣
ո˵ʲôܳɸǿҵֵ֮һͨסࣿƻֿƣ
ǣȨ磿ǿҵֵ࣬ӦβܵεǶκ֣ΣǸʲô
ȨԱûˣ˵Ǹʲô֪Ǹɲֵܸɣڰܳɸȥô
ȨùʲôˣȻ򺣱˵ЩԼ˽˵˵棬ڵ£ǧô׵ˡ
򺣱æͷƵס࣬ô˵ֻǾȨ˵Ļ΢еãдС˵һ
ܳɣͨĹ࣬ŸζҸɵ£
Ȩ˵
򺣱Ȩȥҵʱ򣬾ͱǰĸӾˡ
̨ϣ̶˴޾£ֻƵıվ̨ԡ
ܳվһλһ߰ŶϾпڣһָָ˵£Ҫȡ
򺣱ˡ
Ȼڽ̶Ͼ
Ȼڽ̶Ͼ
ϾоʦȴԱվſϷ
ȨǸţƺ߮磬˿ֻʱ£ֻƺ̨ϵ¶ûС
ϾһĻܳȥϴ֣Ȼ·Щ
򺣱ǳէߣڲ̶ǲ֪ʲô£Ҳ֪Լôʲôλãȥ߮Աߡ
ϾҲ뵽еĶλϺ󣬺߮磺߮磬㲻̨ȥ𣿡
߮ɨһ򺣱µͷ촽̨̫ˣûʲô˼
ͺƵѶȣûʲô
߮Ϊ򺣱ףԾǿƵӡ
򺣱ʱ۶ˣ߮磬һΪѡ
TM˻
ʲôкһûʲô
磬­Ѫ׵ļʱ˵Ĳ֣ûɶ
ܴȨܴ
򺣱ǳ˳飺
ȻʣȨ˵κǶϾоʦΪʲôԽ̶ϾأѾ̨ô
߮̾һС˵Լܶûرףζ΢Щѧˮƽûܳɽ̵úá
ô˵ֳ߮һ󣬶򺣱̶ָָߵƣ˵ȻڣѧˮƽߵģҲܳɣӦǸ
ʦ
ѧúáҶеû̫ס˵⣬߮ͰԼֻˣʼ´Ǿã˲̶鰡
ǵûܳˣƣùֵֹġ
򺣱ʱͰֻ˳ﰵˡ
ѹֲô࣬ûһġ
Ȩܳɣ
߮硣
߮ҲܳɣȻִơ
Ȼȥ̶
һһܴ
һһҵ
궿ˣ
Լ￩
ֻǣôпŵʱ򺣱ƳƳȥʱȻ۾һĿռ̨ǰһϡ
ⲻǣǰƴǸŮЩ˾ڡ
⻹ֵҽˮ¥̨ˣ
򺣱˼ܶ



һٶʮ Ϸ뿴Ϸ
򺣱ƵоƽεѧǱоΧŵģȻӶǶǲ䲻ȣ򺣱Լǲ̫
ֻϸµĺ£Ƶ㶼ȥˣҲ֪ô¡
ȻڹǿˣƵоǶڵĻ򺣱ãԼܽˮ¥̨
򺣱˰ۺ󣬱߮磺G߮磬Ƶӣ񳤵еÿʦڹǿƴ𣿡
߮˳򺣱ָ򣬿˰ܿջ˵ʶ̫
߮밲ӴʱôΣֻǵǰĵʱ򣬲μȫѧҽѧܴʱ棬Ҳ֪ǰԼΪȦǸŮĹۡ
˵ֻ꣬ϵˢֵĺ̨С˵ݱ仯Щ

򺣱߮羹Ȼ۰ûȤ߮˼Ϊ֮֡ģ˽֮
߮˼ûУ൱¡
򺣱һ̨ȻĵŲӵǰİߡ
ȼװشӻߵͷ¿һС
״תһȦʮʶȤظ򺣱ÿλãȥ֮ǰ򺣱վҼʱǰ
Ȼѹ߮磬ССӣ³ԱɣĸƵģģʽļװء
߮绹Ϊصģһϣ߮ϵܹ߮ڰҽԺڼ䣬̨Ǿٺòˡ
߮ܲԸ΢΢̧ͷ򺣱Ƶġ岻̫
Ȼ˿װغͰ̸ЦЦֵͷȥֻ򺣱ûȤ
ǰ򺣱ʣףҽ
ɰ
򺣱һۣʶ
šáվſҲȥȻóֻԹ˵ؿʼˢƺȫûҪ򺣱˼
򺣱˸ӣеΣȻ͵Ƶס࣬ҽ򺣱ǰҽ㾭һƴ
Կʶ㣬㲻ʶҡ
ɰȻû̧ͷֻǿӦһŶҽá
ûȻˡ
򺣱ʱоԼûȤεصЦЦ˵ҽ׼пȣҪ˳ȵʲôô
ڹǿˣҲԵˡ
򺣱Ƶ˶˰ʱϲ̲һŮӣвԹ·ֻǳɹļʺСҲѾйɹľˡ
ҼʣԼȰɡ˵꣬վȻֿ˿ǵãתͷ˵ʦҪȥϴּ䣬һ°ɣ
ãҲ򲻶߮磬ñΣϽӦվ
򺣱ֺ㻻ԭԼλãصƤɳϣ򺣱ǵ߮ԡ
򺣱΢еεض߮͵ҽǰǱߴ
š߮絭ͷǱȶ̬ȶҪ΢һЩҽӺģҽԺ˹֮棬˵»ֱӣñùͷĺá
߮һ򺣱ϾȫѧҽѧܴϣԼǼԱڰﶼ˱˵ǲŻòһռ
򺣱ˡ
򺣱пǰҽһֱ䣬ǿ˳ɹȹ̲裬Ȼ󱻶AAͻûܳɹ뵽Թġ
һ˵˭Ҫܹ뵽һԷǶٷ˴Ǯ룬Ҫ˳Ǯġ
ұһԼˡ
ֱ߮ӵеˣʵá
߮Ǻ⣬򺣱ʱܵ
򺣱Щؿ߮磬ﰵ˵ģǵ˵
Ȼ̨ϣܳｲΣϾȨš
򺣱ȴһ㶼ֻεؿ˻С˵
߮翴򺣱صĵTXTüͷȻתӣԼԼȥˡ

һ̨˵첻죬Ҳ
ʮʮңһ̨ɶϾˡ
֮󣬶Ͼδôͽ𣿡
ԣϽôϾ㻹Ҫãһ̨򵥵Ĺ۸ְڹ̶СʱŸ㶨㻹ÿ죿
ӦõģҪϾ֪֮ȻĻƮƮˣҽ鶼׳¡
Ȼʼ̶޾µ죬ʱ׼̨
ϾԱԹؿ˿ƣʱƼֱᣬʱӭͷһֱ˹
ȻƴˣϾﻹ̵ġ
һ̨IIԼڶСʱͿọ̈̄ȻҲܳһԽѧҲѾǷǳˡ
Ͼȫ̶Լڲֻܳǽ̣ûһ֣Ҳû֣Լʦ͸˵
ȨǱҪ֣Ȼڰæ档
Ȩһ߷ţһߵܳɸ磬̨ȥϢɡʣµ飬ҺϾͺˡ
ϾҲ˵ǰܳɸ磬ҲȥϢɡ
ܳŵͷаɣǵ÷Ƥ

Ȼܳɾ˼ʼ·̨˲̶ֺǺǵ߮磺߮磬øոϾ̨ô
ʵҲǿضһ䡣
߮翴һ۲̶ץץͷڳѧ߶ԣѾ㻹ˡ
𸴣͸пһ£Ҳ֮С
Ǳ㿴ЩεĲ̶˵Σȥһ
̶㲻ɫظ߳䡣
Աߣ򺣱ЩĿɿڴؿһС
ﾪˣҿ߮磿ô̶
ǲδ飬߮飿ΰɣûող̶ֻǺô
߮ν˫ϱۡ
ܳʵҲ߮Ļ΢΢һǿʼЩ浽߮ˮƽˡ

Ϣ
̶һΣ̵֣ٲֶûԾƿ˸ϽѲ̶̵ٸõˡ
Ȼ˵Σ߮£
̶̾һǰϺ˵߮ߵʱ򣬻е
ڻؿϺͬ߮飬ûԭģˣжڰţ²֪˶ˣ粽С
ѲŰ̶Щۡ
߮ûвţŻ϶еġ
ֻ̰
΢΢һ̵˵ΣʵҲûҪôġ㿴ˣֻҪǲȥ߮磬Ҳ˵ʲô
鷿߮һ·ֻǿ͡
ոҲˣ˵һ䡣Լûʶ⻰ô˵ġ
ңϾŵڶ̨һ㣬Ҳͦİ
Ͼһ۽綼͡
е㶮߮磬Ҳе㲻̫߮硣
Ƕ߮Ǹţ֪ýʲôǲ߮絽׶ôš߮ڿû鷿Ҳֻ˵ѡ
̶̧̧Ƥţ
еʣGƣ鰡߮ŵù𣿡
̶ҲˣԼƣҲǸŰ
ƵʱͷеΪ飺ʦЩǰˣЩ
İЩ걻ĥһЩ
Ҳȫʧ˵ģ촽񲻶¶ѡ
ҵȥ޵ĸڡ
ڻ£õԼ̫
(@^_^@)
̶С۾ֱˡϽƨɴӵŲĿ⸴ӵؿƣ΢ţһֶĲ
ʶԼ˵©죬Ҳŵɫ̫ȻĲ̶ΣھֵµһָҴġ
̶ָָ̧֣ƣȻַˡ
ã̶ſЦһʵģ滹΢עá
޹ؿ̶ʣʲôڣ
ΣҪ𣿡
̶

뿪Ϣ󣬱ҵܳɣ˵ܳɣΪǹǿƵĴ˵ˣÿܰŵĽѧֻһ̨
Ժ̨ɡٶȲȻҲǹ࣬Ҳ˵ʲôġ
˵ΣȻеƿڣܳҲˡ
ͷʦſǿԣ߮飬ҪֵĻô
ܳҲ֪߮ΪԼ飬ֻϣ̶ܹ߮ϼ̨ȥʲôˮƽ
ϻص߮飬Լѡġζû˵ʲôĻͬǽ׵ġ
Ǳߣû߮Ϲ̨Ҳᡣ
ҹƣһϵ
ȻѾӦ˲ƸIII϶ҲҪһġԼûôʱ߮õǿƣ߮Ѱѹء
Ҫúñ֣ǧ;ʲôӡ
ܳɵ˵ͷ֤õģʦһҹͲʦڴ
˵꣬ܳʣʦIIIȨ飿
ܳǺ⣬ȴüͷһ
ôŸյõIIȨͿʦ˰ǲǾҶûеõڵİţǰʼƤ
ܳɸæҡͷϵѹأʦû˼
ֻ£ҾûǲҪ̫ҡúáҪٻհɣ̨ҺһҲһġ
ܳ⻰ǰæǵġ
ȻڿڵѾʼIIIܹûܹ
߮ʦȻܹԼIII飬˵ҲԸΪƸһ£ôһҹͬҲȥ
ܳɿɲҿƻ߾ƾͿģܳɿɼǵ֮ǰϴѧҽԺؽƵڿ֮һĻ
ҵƤ
Ʒ˷ۣҵ鰡ֲġ᱾ͲֵǮֵǮҲҪԼǿ˸
ͺú׼һ½̨ɣʱ߮ǰЦ˲źá
ܳԣ֣صص˵ͷ˵á
֮ǰֻܳǱϼУϼǼЩ覴ãܳҲܽܡļܶȼҲʲôӡ
ǵһΣԼֵһԼͻҪСģˮƽܸߵп͹
ܳȻԼҪúõشĥһº̨ˣǧ¶ʲôźã

ܳ˵ܳɾͰ̨Ҫת߸ȨͶϾ
ȨͶϾһܳҪʱȤüŨ
ܳȥƬǰƬʱȨϾֱۣ۾ɨ߮磬ѹ˵Ͼ磬߮磬Ȼеġ
۾ĶһͶԲ˵ܳѧǻõ㡣еΡ
ո̨ĸоˣܳɸǽѧʱ򣬲ԭ˼·Ҳûкܶĵط
ǲ֪ܳɸû˵ѽ
ȨںͶϾЦΪϾ֮󣬸ֵܳһ꣬ãϾ϶֪ġ
Բڵֵ֮Ȼֵܳʱ졣
ϾʵĿɬ治֪ܳʲôʱôģɣԼ֮ǰı֣ҲԼû͵
ңԼ֪飬ҲԼʣóȥӡ
ЦصȨ磬㻹Ҫѧҽ𣿡
ϢϢ͹ˡ
Ȩձ߮ȥҽϢҵʱ򣬶Ͼ;ʵʵȨ̼߮һĻ
԰ϾҲ׵úܣ߮Լ󣬿TMʵء
ܲʵ߮νдϵĳɾͣ鵰һֻȨ㻨ǮϢġ
Ϣ
߮⻹
Ȩʱ˷ۣ˵Ͼ磬ЩţƵĻ˵ġ
Ͼ޹ѹȨ磬㲻ǴţưϴεǿֱҲλ
ȨͲˣҲýˣ˵ôɣҶǮȤ
ܳɸ磬ǻǰôദɡ
GģȨ硣ϾȨмӣһȨհɫ
Ȩ
֪װһӶã
ⲻΪ˸߮ƣֵܵĹϵԶˡ
ȨбƳһ߮磬һ
߮翴ȨƫȥеȨȣǲ𣬵

ȨܿͳȥϴˣͿ̶Ҳϴ֡
Ȩظ̶ƴкʦʦ
̶ʱɫһʣϾأϴ̨ʲôأ
ƶʱ˷ۡ
üһʦǰŽңҪһͬţ㵹ΪϾƽˣ
磬˵ľ㰡
ȨʱеΣ˵ʦϾ˵һ̨߮ʦһ̨¿
Ҳе޹Ҳ̶öϾ̶׽顣
Ȩһ˵ò̶ٽʲôˣȻһϴ֣Ⱥ߽ҡ
ܳæϾ޾̧š
߮ǰֻս˿ڴعĦܳɵÿһޱ飬һǳֻ
һߣ򺣱ĵشŰǱߣֻŮܺÿŸôſһȥԷ˵ĹϵԽչôһ
һֱûʲôȽϺõİ취
ͶĿ˼ûУҪôǶǵļ໤ĻҪôԹԵصͷֻ
ʽʼ֮
̧ͷ̨һۣ֮ܳڵؾͿʼЩ˷ˡ
ħ=°࣡
̨βࡣ
һֱ˱עĽ
Щ仯һֱע򺣱ע⵽ˣʱ΢һţӸոɫǣ
˷ܣ
ɽ
˷ܵ
Ϊ˭أ
Ȼ򺣱Ϳ̨ϣԼҲ΢еɵˡ
üһﰡ̨ϣ̶վһλ
λΣҲһ̨ǲ̶εѧϾܳɣ
ƶȨϾų̂

̶Լѧһסҽ
ƾɶ
ңҲΪܳһγλô˷ܡ
Īǣܳɵͷܴ
ܳһ߿ʼϴֻʿҪ˴Ƭ󣬾͸ɾ
Ȼ˷ܵ͵͵֣ͻźΣͨ￴ó˵
ðð
򺣱ʱоһ飬·ʲôˣ¶µģΪơ

ôܶƵĺܶоȻϲϹǿƵһСأ
򺣱̫߮磬ȴ֣߮˿ȫûпŮ˼վ̨Ҳû֮ǰһ̨ʱ߮˵ʱӣ
ԱߵĶϾҲؾߵ̨ԣعĦ
򺣱±ˣ
ɶ
㲻ոջ˵̫ˣû˼ֻͷƲһ¡
ڣ
ܳˣվȥ̨߿
ݹʽ
Ȩܳɣ
߮ȿȨͶϾ
ʼܳɣơ
ڣȥ򡭡
̶ҲԸܳ·
ܳɵɶͷ
Ȼ
򺣱ֿ˰
ȴǿ̨߮ߺתͷȥƺ߮Ŀʮɨˡ
ͷֻȥˡ
򺣱־翪ʼòˡ
Ŷ
ϴѧҽԺİƱ˶Ŀϣ񣬶ܳʾã
ʽǡ
߮翴ȨͶϾ
߮硣
ϲܳɡ
ܳƣ
򺣱˼ڼΪԾʱ򣬾ֻͻȻһ
ѲʦŶ㣬Cۻǰѽ΢㣬ǿһ½ָڹɹźáܳ˶˵
۾ʱȻһ£ż̨Ͽ˿ѽָŽȥ˰
ţܳɵͷȻһСпڸסһ߿ʼʰе
ȨͲ̶ܳɻ½뿪䡣
Ͼ߹Ҽʱʱ򣬻򺣱ڷ㶣߹ȥ򺣱磬C͸ˣߣȥɡ
򺣱Կ͵͵ƶС鲽ܵİ
һ£
Ͼ򺣱Զˣ򺣱
æ˵ǿƵҪ͸ӣҪȥһߡ
򺣱æͷһӵԻȥˡ
һˣTMȫԱɣ
ǣңܴԱô

͸ӽܿͳˡ
̶Ƶֻǿ˿ָ˹۶϶ˣҽָڹǻ棬ͬܳһҡ
ҪCۻʱ׵壬ĿľΪܳɵ˿ٺÿɲ̨
Ȼܳɵˡ
棬˷ܵİЦŶԼʦ˵ʦӦý̲̫Ӵ
ûв˷ܣп˵Ӧò
˵ʵֹǰҲǱϺǰŵĽѧ㷳ˣ˺ٴҵĹͨ
ѧܸ㣬Ҫ㡣
Ϲ㣬ҵҽͻʿһᰡ
һһ̨ٶˣ°ʱ䡣
Ҫ׼ظ㡣
ܲסԼȤھùǿеˣ°ͷˣ
һЦûз㡣
Һ󣬰ŶԼʦ˵ʦ¼Ӵ鷿кöҵңֻʱ̫١
˷ܣһԣҲĽѧγ̣ܿӦþҪͷʦĽء
ԣʱ˷ۣһǮá
ǶĳʵĶҽѧȤҪüõĻ߮磬Զ̵ġ
ûʲôġ
ɫ̱仯ƫͷȥ
ȥ̬ǿӲ
ҲͲȰˣԼѧʲôԸúܡ

򺣱Ҳ׼ߵʱȴ֣߮ڸ䣬CۻŲˡ
򺣱룺߮磬ȥѾʼˡ
߮ȴ˻֣õ򺣱֮䣬ͷûתĿתڿеC͸˵ȽȥɣооƬӡ
򺣱һЦ죺ƬʲôоģǶֻɨһۡ
㻹ܿ
߮ˣ򺣱һۣ򺣱䡣
߮ǵһ䣺֪η
ȻȥC͸ӳȲʾԵָεƽƬλѾǰXȫһƬӡ
߮ǰ˼
ʲôʱİܳҲɶûŪǿǣܶû򣬺ֻǳذ˸ȣô͸λأ
ǽĲջè֮ˣ
߮ţôߣԼҪĻҪѶʱ䡭
ʮӺ
ֻǾ߮ڼĦʱ
Ϳܳһٴ߽˸䡣
߮ЩԻؿһۣʵʦ֮Ҫ͸һ𣿡
߮ãʮڣܽˣѾǼޡ
ͻȻ;תǸ
ƱûУ߮磬ˣһ͸ӡ
߮Ľһ£һ顣
ǱƵĻŵˡ
ƿеЦ̶˿Ҳá
ɲǣ
߮ģһֱҺǿֻۻģûɶֵӵġҲܱģǲ̶ڴġ
ȴˣﰵ
ô
ŵ˰ɣ
ӵܳɵ涼ŵùǺ㻹˶ٵĻ
Ͳ̶Ȼֺֿܹܳõʮֲ˼飬ϾǵһηȻ˾ռߡȻ𾪺;߮õöࡣ
ŶѣߣƽƬ
̶ܳɵ˾ͷʣµβҲǴɹǽ˵Ĺ̶ݶϹɹѵڶƨȥˡ
򺣱ǿ߮˿üͷһһչһɫ⸴ӣһɫЩ˷ܣƺڴ
־㵡
Ϊӵ֡
򺣱ʱﰵҡͷ
TNģϷ˚G
˶ˣ򺣱߮磬Ȼ˸Cʾϣͱ仯š
һ꣬ѷϵĹȨܳɣ̶̨
̨󣬲̶û߮磬˶ϾʣϾ߮ô
ôû
Ҳ֣ոջڸ俴߮ģͻȻˣҲû˼ô
򺣱߮ȥˣҡͷȻûʦ
Ǹء
ǵһƬ󰡣ûٳˡ
Ͼ򺣱Ļû˵ˡ
̶һ£Ͻ䣬ûȿԶŵĸӦͿ߮ȿ˸Ӧ˳
ӭͿ˲̶ƣɫƽ˵Σҽ
̶߮鶼û֮ǰİʱò̫ԣЩʣ߮磬û°ɣǲǾﲻ
ǵĻȥϢֻиԣġ
뿪˵ģ̶Ƚ󣬾ûˣֻ䶯һ£ε̾һΰô˵Ļ
߮ɻῴЦİ
Ȼ߮Σû£һ̨ĦһԽѧһ̨ô
־Ҫɲ̶ȴһԼţСȤȻǿ϶
ԱߚGһ£
߮۽ɢЦأͷǾллˡ
ǻл
̶ܾﲻ̫Ծû̫ףֻͷ߮ɫвԾЦ
⺢ӵʲôԸ񰡣
Ǿãˣ϶ס϶Ҳ˺ܾá̶ƤҲ鶼òˡ
ҲǱȽϺ棬߮ڲ̶֮󣬵׻˵Щʲô
໤Ǽǰмؿ߽߮ƲƲ졣
ﰵֹǶúжһ
ҪĦ
̶Ӧ˻Ц˵߶߶Īû̵˼
е󲡡
Ȼ˿ҵļʱ壬ʮһʮ֣ڶ̨ɡ
շ°Ĵ嶤
ʱеڴһ̨Ͻ
̶ȥϢϢȥˡ
ϾǰæܳɺȨȥתˡ
򺣱߮ǲΪؼ򺣱ǲ֪ʲô߮ĿϷ顣
򺣱߮磺߮磬ոڸ䣬ôøﰡ
ҪҲǺ棬߮絽Ǹɶ˶
ﵽôģôô⡣
߮ЦţĪصĥôϷȻһϷ
ʲô
ȫԱͲ̶˱Ƚ
һϷݵã㻹ϷϷ


һٶʮ пп֣пŵ
п֣пŵ
ÿ˵ˮƽͬһ¥㣬䶥еذ塣
ذ̤ڵϣΪ̤ʵأ컨ͷ֪档Ψ֪ͨĶܹϵش֪ޡ
ĶĶ֣ţҲĶһ֡
Լ֪컨ʱǼʶ
δܴﵽȴ컨֮ʱ졭
߮㿴˲̶ڣһ̨ڶڹ̶Ĳֻ֮뵱ȻΪǲ̶ġѴ˷ָ֪Լʦ̨൱
ˮƽܸߣֵúúĥĥ
߮߸ֺûˣ֮ѲԼжߵˮƽЩˡ
߮û뵽ǣֶ˵ܳģһЩ⣬ҪܳɰƸIIIȨ޵£߮һǰˡ
ܳɣֵֵû˼
أ߮еؿˣܳɴͷβزٵһ̨
Ϊ߮Ȼϴ̨ǲ̶ĿԣϣܹĦһ̶̨ѧҪ
̶Ӧ߮ȻýⳡϷΪֵڴˡ
Ȳᣬܳ۱պϸλڶڹ̶ˮƽҪԸһ㣬βرࡣ
ҪһЩ
ΪܳC۸߮Ҳ
ֻɵٶȣûܳô졣
ˮƽһĲκ߮ͲٹЩڵˣһеƷʽ̵ĿģΪȡõ
ҽƹ̵ıʣκλڣٺÿȲýÿ
õƹ̣һ㶼޷ۡ
Ŀĸ֣ӦصطڽϣȫڹУ߮ãȥۿ̣û̫塣Ҫȥ̨ԣܳôֻҪǸʲôɡ
򺣱߮ǰһջסûֳ
ֻǾеЦأ߳ȥ͸ˡ
ǿתǼʶģɴδǵļʶȴǿһ˻ҵ
ȴȨܳɣٴ߮絽ƣܳɡ
յŵ㾹Ȼǲ̶Ρ
ⲻǺЦʲô
̶Ǵİ߮ϴѧҽԺİƲʿⱾһء
أȻƺܳϡ
ҲǶܳͨСסƺеġ
򺣱Խܡ
ӱ˵ϲģܶ˶ϲ
˿̣˷ϲ֣û̫࿴ͷˣϾʹ̨ԣ߮硣
˸ºЦ߮磺߮磬ܳɸ̨õİɣ
Ͼ߮죬ɾԼΪ߮罻̸ʣֻܳ⡣
ֻ߮Ϊֿص˵ͷܼݣӦǹڶڹ̶Ŀǰܹﵽһּˡ
ˮƽΪġ
߮ź̹ȻֵҲʦӵ£൱Ҳֻ൱ˡ
䲻Ϊܳɻߵһ͵Ǹˮƽߣ߮󷽷سˡ
ʶٵԼҲˣԼΪԼĸ֮£а಻ٽٴ߮ãԼֻйڶڹ̶һҲδزܵˮƽ
ͬڵЩˣҲ϶һЩǰ档
߮ǳ̹Ȼܳϵóġ
Ҳöˡ
ʱ䣬˵ǿǵ߮ӸбҵŽӴҽѧҲ࣬ꡣ
޵Уеͨ
ѾǷǳʱˣԱܴһξ롣
Ҳסܳɾͬˡ
ܳɾȻܹõ߮˸ߵۣЩϾġ
д㵵߮磬Ȼܳɸͦ㣬ǰܳɸ붡ڱȣе㲻װɣ
߮翴ϾöϾѧ˼άеء
ʥƣУʦ
ǹʵӲزʦʦڵӣŵȺҵרǶѡ
ֽж겻Ӵ򵥵Ĺڹ̶ˣٴļܣýˣⱾǿ͹۹ɡ
ʲôȲõģ
ƽڲ鷿ʱ򣬷ǳ̹ȻسԼڻ棬ѾʱˣⲢܸı䣬ڼΪӵĹۼȱ棬ǹڴ֧ߵݡ
Ҫȥ۵ڹ̶óѧӸߵĲھͨڹڹ̶¼ҽָ㡣
ǿƵĹۣţǿǸѧƣǴרԲֻǼ򵥵Ĺּ
ֻǰĿڰѹ۵ڹ̶ãֻ˴Ƶżѡ
߮ҲǿȥıϾ˼άصҲֻԼĿѡ
óƣóÿһѧƻƵģһҽԺ
֪߮ĳʶɶϾδ֪
ͺñȣȥϴѧҽԺǸҽԺʣƵĽڣβгúòã
֣ᷢЩҽԺĽǣ˵ǽӴټ٣һӶʮ̨
ʵ
̫ˣû˼ȥȻ˵Լúãǻᡣ
Ͼͷúֱ߮Ĳһȥ
ֱֵֻ߮úܣϺʱһƵ֮òȥң˼ȦҲȥҲ
˵úòˣƫƫԼ飬Լôһʣȴְ֮ܳߡ
ֱӰѶ̧˶Աȡ
ⲻֱëô
ѧֱӰԼʦ˿͹۵ȼָģ

Ͼ֪λأֻܲ⿪߮磬ȥϲ˰
²õϽݡ
߮Ҳ⣬ҲԼ˵ʵͱҪȡöϾš
һܳɺȨҲ½̨ˣҽӺѲػʿȥѲƳͲ˻زͽӲҡ
̨ܳ߮Щʲôģõֻ󣬿ƸϢŸϽ߮ЦЦ󣬾߳ңҲûԼȥʲôġ
Ȼ߮΢еؿˡȨЦؿ
߮תһǶȡ
ȨǶ˶Ϳʣ߮磬û뵽㾹ȻĹ
û١
߮ʱüͷ壬˵ʵȨרҵƨһ
ҲͲסԷǮ
Ȩ˵ѧϰҽƼֻΪΪ׷ôļ
ͺñȣǮϲ㣬Ϊ˵Ϊȥμӵ
ȥ壬Ϊ˳Ϊ֣
ǲȤʹȻϢ͹ˡ
Ϊˣ߮žȨˣֱһʯͷֳӲֱ֡
߮˵ҾǸˣ㿴˵˼ѧϰҲģʸʲô
Ȩ㣬״̬İҿո̨ϣǳ棬Ҳ
⻰ƻĪ
Ȩȴ߮˼ЦԵɫжɢ߮ſ϶ûȡ
ٶãܰæ̹ѡ
ǫʵǴŴ̵ġ
Ȩǿ߮磬һĽΪ˭أ
ʣã
˲𰡣㻹ǲãҾҪ㡣
߮ȻȨҲûȥȥˣͲ߮ˣҲҽԺˡ
ֻƹˤػصǰھǸûʲôõˡ
Ҳ˳˷Դñ˵ռλȴⷢȡ
ȨֱֻԲ䣺ռéӲʺô秵ġ
ѧߣǽ顣
߮һ촽˵Ȩ߿ˡ
㲻ʲôѧߣֻ˵ǸֹˣԼֵ⣬ǿһݷޣԼѡ
ϾôãҲȨҲóԷ
š
ܵúúûŰ
߮һȻȨ˵ҲöģֻϣԼ˵ܱȨźá
Ȩȫû뵽߮羹Ȼ죬ڱǰܸ߰÷
ȴſſֱ
֪ˣ죬Ҳر޵ˣȨ߮ϸܵ
üȥ۸߮ˡ
߮綼Ѿ˵ڵĵزǰǾͲЦˣ̫
Ҳпһɫӵؿ߮磬
߮硣
Ҿ˰ɣʵҲ
ӵġ
죬츳Ҳá˿Ƹ߰ʵҲͨʡ
ҾԼû츳ԶĽʺޡ
ɿ츳ȴǾһ
Ҳû˼
Ҳٹ硣
Ҳ˺ңҲóڵգʵǺǢģֻϣ飬Ҫոƻˡ
ҾǸͨͨĹ࣬ѧԺ뵱ҽͨסࡣ
߮翴Ȩ
ȨҲض߮˵ΪҲ֪ܸʲô˰һ̤ҽѧеڳܵҽʲôᡣ
ҼҽҲϣСҲû˻쵽̰ƺɫˡ첻ˣòƢѾˣǾȥͻŪ£ûɶ˼
ģ߮硣
Ҹ㣬ʵֻźúõһҽȻһݺֿİ飬̸һͨƽûκĿġ
𣿡Ȩ߮硣
߮ʵﲻţȨŴԼû󣬺ôԼֻǳżЩ
ôȥͨȥһƽ
ŲţҪ𣿡߮練Ȩ
ȨһЦ˵ͷҲǣ˵Ҳô룬Ҳô˵ţתȥŮӣͻȻѪˣȥ˾ʲôġ
Ҳ˵Ҳá
ʵڵӵģÿ·ס๤ʺͲ
Ҫȥ㣬ٿѵȥƻ
Ǯȥ⣬ȥˮ硣ȥ׷Ůӡ
ÿϾ磬ܳɸȥƽĿ˭롣
һϼͳԷˣǸˣԺúõȥһٴܸ͡˺ü졣
ʲôʱʱߣƿơƣֺǺü졣
·Ҳʼע۸¸³ʱ򣬹ʿ˵ûǮˣֻȥ档¸µĹʷ
ʵʱܹȺ漤üСʱͲõһʱϢɢȺ
ȻԼشһ٣һԼܾöҵԼ
ȥ۲ͣͳԷ
֮ǰֻһ֡
ȫҲеʽС
ûʽУû˼
˵⣬Ȩֶ߮ǻĽģΪ߮һԼõķĿ꣬ΪĿ꣬ΪԼİá
ܺݵʲôʿͳͳβܣǶʽС
Ȩ˵걧ȭ
һʼ߮˵ģֱǸʲô
ϴκ֮߮Ȩ֣߮ˣȻܸ߰Լɱѩɽ֮ۻҪ߰裬ĳЩ뷨ʵ
ǾдС˵ģȥˡ
ȻȨѧһ£صԼ裬¥һǸʥĸȥߣ
ӣԳΪкĵƷ
ֻǣôһһأпּˣȨǾûҪһͲһſǮҡ
ĩ䲻ĻʣµǮȥ棬һֱֵµС
սһ£һʮëðµļ¼
ĹͣǿԼڿϣԼǮġ
߮ǳ˳ɬЦţTNĲǶѧĴ߰ɣ
ģô㻨ǮһȥдС˵ȥȫˡ
߮û˵Ȩ߮û˵óֻȻƺǿ˿Ⱥ﷢˸Ͽ
ëȨãȻϽ߮˵ڿҴȺ﷢˸
ɷ߮Ŀȴӵؿ翴һƵġ
ȫ;ûҪȥ
Ȩٺ߮Լϲˡ
Ͷࡣ
ֱΪԼ֧ĲƸöҲǼ¡

ƷϢܳȥҪǸܳ˵һ
˼Ǹո߮ҪˣҪعĦһ̶ѧһ̨ǰŸܳɵģҪ
ܳϵͷ˵ʦʦʵǸҷϢͳˣòŵ˵ġ
̶͵õ͵ĻҪұǰģҪջȻҲҪ˵
ȻȥöϾһ׼ǰ׼ɡ߮ų̂˼
˵⣬̶Щմմϲ߮Ϻ鶼ûҪϺǵúúС
ܳɵͷʾͬ⡣
ȴ˷ۣﰵ²۵Σʦ̴磬߮׼ĺϷأNɪġ
ɲ̶˿̵ãҲóڴ¡
ֻվܳɵĺ󱳣ܳһ˳˾ҺԶ󣬲ŵСܣֹ̨ڶڹ̶ڲ̨֮ǰѸλðɡ
߮ǿŵ׼εĺϷ
ǴΣҲ̫ѿˡ
ܳתͷ͸΢ȻĹâ
ңǵ˵¡ˣƲҲˡƴߴܳɸϽ㣬Ҳ롮Ϣҡľ̫Զ̶
ϲùȥ
ܳСƵĵͷƺԼе㶮Ƶ˼ˡ
һϼе㲻ôô

صңƺܳ˾˸λȲ˽ҡ
ϲĶϾǼԲεĵûˣֻƵԱߣվš
Ȩ״ȴ̶µվ˵Ͼ磬ɣȻʱϢ
ϾȨһۣΪ⶯
ȴ˶ϾһۣϾæ˵ˣȨɣվһչһ£ն׿ӽе顣
Ͼ˫ֻ顣
߮ǺؿϾλȨ˼־ԼȨˡ
򺣱˫ǽ߲˵ֻԼ࣬ôطֵ˲̶飬ֱĪ˻򣬵öСĲǣ
Ȼ򺣱ſھͿҽСӣ˿˷ܵŲŵƴǰأС鲽̤Ŷ
ңæ˵㣬鷳תһ²˰ȥ׼
ǻ˷ܣ򺣱ǰ˼ˡ
ƣӣһĥĥģͰࡣ
˵ҪӲˣʲôУ϶飬һǰµʱãֻںſ𾢶
˹ǿأ
ɾʮӣ
ѵ˵ӻϲ˹ǿƵСס࣬Ȼ󣬾ʲôԶܸˣ
ϢǴƣƵһư
ŰСų䣬򺣱͵͵شһ¹ǿƵļ桪
۳࣬ܳܿƵĶҪÿð
ļͶϾһȽ
ȨһŴ˭˭ÿǰˡ
ٿ߮磬Եʮˡ
ٿǵݣŴֱӵףͺԼһСס࣬˧ߣҲûѧ
ǶϾһһ㣬ѧҲȥ
߮ѧߡ
̫ˡ
ܳСԣòϻȥѧ̫ͣͶϾеһƴ
԰ӣĪֵ
ĻԼǲҲлȥڨһأ

쿴ԼѧһǰյġǷϡ˻зŵȥ׼ҩƷе˼һ
ֻǿ˿ǿƵܳɣ˵ǳǿƴͷ˰
ǿƴǾΪɵĹˣֻ֮ǰԼΪΣǰԼд
ǿĻ࣬ټԼԸ˵ԼҪѧǡôر˾ԼȨı˽С˼
ҲԼѧǸ߮ӴӴؿһ۽硣
Ҳġ

ܿ죬ܳɺͶϾ˾̨
ΪֹжεĹۣǲǣģֱӰźˣϾܳǳе̧ȵĴʿ
Ȩ;Ҫ̧ܳȣܳɻûͬ⣬ֻȨϢϢ
ȻȨǺ⣬ܳɾûҪԼŪһСϼѴֻۻֱӶԼġֵǡô϶ڡ
ȵԼ̻ȨͶϾһаʽ֮ʱȥǸԼ飬ͻЩ
ԵĹƽǿ϶ڣֻǶϾȨСֻȷθڣƽദҲȻǰߵþ̫Զ
ܳ˼Ȼǲõġ
̧ܳȵĻȻǹģԼ̧ȵĻôϢȥѸλ͵͵أ
ϾҲ̵ĳˣ˺ܿܳж̧ǧﶥλá
ʼ̽ˡ
ܳϳȥϴ֣Ȼٵش·̨ɰȡ޾ĤĻ
еʿеһɶ׼֮
̶̨
߹ʹ̶Ͷ˵࣬Cۻ͸һ
̶ãȻǽѧĻôȻǣҪȫ߹·ߵġ
̶⻰˶վ뿪ҡʱ߮վֻŽ˿㶵
Ͼ̶ʼԼΪҪ̶ġˡҲø̶ӡ
˶߽˸Һ󣬲̤һա
̶CʾϵƬӣ΢㶣Ȼ˵ƣð˵ĹۣûʲôλȻڶḶ́϶ʮ˳ĽС
ĺã۶϶˵λ̶Ȳ󣬱ǰX϶ҪСǫ̂ѧ̺θߺܶ࣡
˲̶⻰ĵ׿ɬЦ̴磬ʵϸѾˣ
۱պϸλʯ̶˽һ£
϶ôֻǵ˵ͷ
˵š
Ȼ̧ͷ˿ܳɣܳɵɫ糣ʲô¶ûһܳɹȻǸסˣѹֿԲôá
ٿϾȨˣȨ˿ǲͣԼĺףܵģȫûôC͸ôһ£ӡ
Ͼǲͣգ۾ҲϤǰƽƬﻳ
Ȼ̶лشơܳɡϾ߽ңսԱȨͣؽ
򺣱ҲǴȥַ֣Ҫ̶ѧ߮硣
ƨǹʯĥһģŲˣC͸ӵĽлƵģϸضƽƬĽͣ
ë
򺣱˷ۣ߽䡣
Ȼ󿴵Ȩ˿Χ̨ǰż⣬бӣĿת
˫֣ΪˣᣬΪ˱ȾĲ̶ˡ
Ȼֱӣ̨ϡ
ϸشḶ̌ڴһ亰
ѲأCۻ
Ȼ°࣬ȥ½鷿

ͰУ̶ͣҪŸָе
Ӻ򺣱ͷ֣߮˿г˸Ӻ;ģ߽ҡ
򺣱ֺ̧кʱȴ֣߮翴ûԼֱȥƬ塣
ڿεؾš
Ȼ߮кˣ򺣱
򺣱״ɫһϲٵøߣŰкֿѿ۾Ҳ⡪
ڶԼG
û뵽ǣԼ۾Ц󣬰ֱӷ˷۵תͷȥ
ˡ
򺣱ʱúòΡ
ȻƬǰϵXߡCTǰ֮ǻϸĦ߮磬һߵ
ɷʰɡ
ϴѧҽԺĲʿأ
ƬӶס
ֱǴ
Ӻ߮¹гŵΡ
򺣱ԣȻͳֻ
򺣱ֱе㱬ˣѵ߮磿㲻òνѧ㲻ȥ
߮ͷû̧ɫǳ˵ڻʲô
ͽˣھ;ֻ߸̶ѡ
ûʲôɿġ
һ˵ţ˫ֵָֻҳϻȥʲôݵĺ̨
򺣱š
˵Ļָ˻ȥԼǺˣ
ȻϽվȥһŲӣͬѼƵǰչԻⱻˮܵʹࡣ
ӣ򺣱ʱɫеǺ졣
ȻηͬһƵĿ߮һۣЩµȥȨˡ
ԼԶ߮񾭲һЩ
ȨԱߣ򺣱Ҳѧһż̨ϿͿ̶˿ȻڰͰ࣬ؿʼ֪Ĳ
ӶͣеʿҪָе򺣱Ҳȷſʼ
ȨŸտʼɣ
Ȩ򺣱һۣ˵ţ׼ֹǽڴĿףȻҪõͽָ
ȨŸ򺣱һḶ́Ͼ򺣱Ƶס࣬˽ǿƵ
򺣱ûҲˣ軹TMʮǧء
߮
ë
򺣱Ҳģһֱ̿ȻûҲôǿš
ڣһСʱ󣬲̶ɫһϲ˵࣬һCۻ͸һ£
򺣱ŸϽһ˺˼ûãǽˡ
Ȼͷ˿վ߮磬˹ȥѹСЦ߮磬Ӧÿ˰ɣ
ʵΪ߮磬˵ʵǲźá
ڸ飬ϸոսʱ򰡣ǲǿʼ
߮ɨ򺣱һۣ΢ֻ㶵һţûش򺣱ĻȻ򺣱С
򺣱˵磬Ƶİɣ
šƵסࡣ򺣱
߮Ǿ˵ԴȥιƵߵҲˣûʲô£βҲò
򺣱߮⻰ȻЩɶͷԣҲ߮˵ͷѽ
һ߳˹ǿƵҡ
C͸ӵĸ
̶ýãһʱ߮磬ɷ߮ȴˡ
ʱЩʧҲãϾ̨˵ǽߵ֮һˣֵøˡ
һѣƷԸƣȥڶġƨɡһ£ȻܳɺϾϰɣҾ̨˰
һϼҪ̨Ȩ̹
һ̨ѧϸϽǽ̿鼶ġ
Ͼæͷõģʦ
˿ΣҲز̶ֻܵ˵ͷ
ʦ㲻ᵱ˰ɣ
ǣİ
ܳʲôû˵ֻظŶϾߣûиƵġ
ƿŽȥҵܳСֻٿ˿̶̲Űֲ߳ҵӡ
Ӽš
ܳɣĳס



һٶʮ ߮ڡdiλ
в̶֪֮꣬ѾΪΣõְơ
ԶԳΪԶԿԽнѧϲš
Զ߮磬ţƢŹ֣°ޱߣ߮Լʵ
˵ҲԼ࣬ŵĹ⻷ںܶǰһȦ
ӵй󣬲ŶһЩûôȤ
ܳվ˱Ƚϸߵλã˳ȡˮ©ģ
ܳǸ˰
ţҡ
˼ܶ
˵ʵԴҽԺȻһֱиŲ̶ѧϰͽӴƣҲƾԼ֣Լˮƽһĳ̶ȡ
˵ȵù̶ɣҲ˺ܶࡣ
Ƶ˼άȤѾ̻˹ؽǸȦȥˡ
ʱûȫѳؽ뵽˹ؽרƺٻصǿȦӣſʩչȭš
ƺԼڹؽƵȦе
ͺñȣ˵ǿһűȽϴķ״ĻôԴΧطֳɣˡ⡢ؽڡ˶ҽѧǲô飡
ÿһ໥ֽؾš
ؽר棬кַܶࡪؽûؽڷޡؽΡؽڱؽڽΡؽλλؽڡ
ȵȴСͬĿӣȻศɡ
ԼʦѾɣڸӵĹؽڷ޷棬Ȼƾ͸Լʦһ̤˸ӹؽڷ޼Ĺؽû档
԰ΣδܹȫӸͱӱٴλͷǿѣ˼άÿм䡣
ѧϰʱ򣬶ؽڷⷽס
൱˼άе㽩ԼǼԼʦм꣬;ԼضܰԼȥǸ򴩣Ȼۿѡ
ڻУ˼άұסˣûµĹؽƲ˹ֺѧϰĻ
ףĦ൱Уڰķ롣
΢е벻ͨǣԼһ棬ʱܳɣզģôؽλַλҲŪҲôã
Ϊĵط
ƾãԼڰ;ת˹۵ĻڹҲֻǳֹڹؽƷ棬Ҳ˶˱뾡ذԼų

˼һǷĵ뷨ȻϽѵ̨ȥҲ̶ˡ
ԼҪͲ̶ú̸̸
ȻĻ̶ˣڹڶڹ̶һ飬㵽컨壬ܹѧ
Ȼ˽ȥӸʲôʾѧĻǿɾ군
ᶪȥ
ƾԼм䣬ֱ̫ˡ
һϼϼô
¼
ܳBڣӲô
TMϲȥ²ס

һߣ򺣱Ϊĵذ߮Ƶҡ
ȿŵһſڿһۣϾϳ򺣱
²ֳȥĸң̨ϵһ˾͵
򺣱˵ϼ˵޸磬ڹǿֿƣǱˣ͹һ¡
λǹǿƵһֵܣ˵ƵҴ㿴
޸磬æǵġ򺣱æ΢΢ͣҲǿлض߮翴
򺣱ôһ˵޸㲻˵ˡ
Ȼ򺣱̨߽
߮ȥƬǰ˻ߵͷCTMRAƬȥˡ
MRAǴŹѪӰ
򺣱ֱֲ֣ߵ̨ԣ
ǿƵ򺣱ֱ˼ˣ̨ӦǶб
˿Ѿ­л­ڿŽ­ڶλء
߮翴˻ƬӺ󣬾ߵ̨ԣһлڽеĲѹ˵ϷԹ̽һ̽
߮Ŀڣл㶣̧ͷһ߮硣
úĪ
򺣱ɵˡ
ҮëɣڹǿƵʱսսηηһԲ
һƣ㻹ʼͨȭأ
񾭲ˣ
лû߮磬ţᡣ
ȻģԷǳﾭݲУԲע⣬˾Ϳ²Ĺȱʧ
Ǻɾޱ鷳
ϸС
δѣ֢״ǰ
Ҫĵҵ¡λбպ󣬱ɻⲡڵͷʹƹ½쳣о֢״
Ĺؼ㣬ڿ­ھ׼ҵλãҲԴԵƤʴ˺
ɲһ򺣱ë˴˵ĻһǿƵľ
ʲô
Ϊǹǿ
ôһԣظһΣ
¸λ
߮лţҲ˵
ʮӣл·һ㣬Լ·ѡˣ˹غλãûҵѪ
Ǳ׼һӽĵ㣬Ȼʶȥ߮ոսĵ㡣
΢һԹء
㿴еֵĶ档
ǣлֹͣϵĶ̧ͷ߮ķȥ
ϹèӣϹèĽִ඼Ƕ
̨ϵˣҲˡ
߮лԼĿ⸴ӡ
ŵǰϴѧҽԺ誽ƴһʱ䡣ҽ߮硣
߮˵꣬תˡ
Gȡлûü꣬߮ıӰѾʧſڡ
л߮˵⻰૵ʦһʱ䣿ʦܣ
߮磿
Ҫʣɿ߮Ѿˣתͷʴ˿Ѿɵ򺣱
򺣱ֽŲԾ΢
2¥ĸҡ
߮ڻ·ʱ򣬲̶Ƶ߽ȻҿһȦʣ߮磬أ
ǿʱС齨ĵһ죬Ȼ΢СС˼µġ
򺣱ܳɵҪʼһµ¼ܴۣ൱Ͳ͡
ĩҲҪУ
ϸͳԷĴ٣ĩ׼ĩز;ûȥ齨
߮˵ŶȥǱߣе°ɣûһ
⻰Ϸ˷ۡ
϶Բ߮˵ô¡
򺣱߮类ǿƵҵģȻ֪ΪҪȥƣû϶߮йء
û֤ݡ
̶˵ȥ²ǹǿ
ƣ绰
³ھ۲ͣҪġ
̶뷨ģȻ򺣱ƵĹ࣬ԺµĹҲơ
ϲƣԲǿƣ͹ǿȥֿƵͬ־
Ͼ˹ǿƹתĵһܻϼȥ֪˻Ϊǹǿưôˡ
ȥ״ء
ҲͲͨ򺣱ĵ绰
򺣱ӵǽˣ˵֧֧ģ˼˵ˡ
˵ƹ򺣱ǵƵϼ棬ӵĵ绰һеʲô£Բû
һߴ绰һ߿߮磬߮ȻͬûһԼĳ
һ
˵ǺڲĻҵȻ㷢λã鴦ˣϽԷ
ҵĵһ죬۲ûҪģ໥Ϥÿչ
ƲŹ˵绰Ȼֶ˲͹ݵĵַ򺣱ȥ
Բ̶˵˵Ǳߵϼһ飬һ͹
̶ŵͷ˵ãǴŵġ
һܻȥֵģ

һΣƵĳܳɡ߮Ȩˣ̶ǴŶϾȥԷĵط
ľ۲ǹǿƲ̶ڵľ۲ͣ˾ûҽѲϴֻʿ
ƽμ͵ͳԷĻ̶ΣҲۡ
ʻλʻûˡ
ںϣܳм䣬߮Ȩֱܳɵ֡
Ȩһ̨ų̂ģҲ߮򺣱һĿͣ߮򺣱߳ҵʱܳɺͶϾʼ˷ϣûıҪ
ǿʵģ߮򺣱˳ȥ
˵߮磬ոպͺһȥȥˣôȥƵҰ
Ȩɲܣĺ͵ĺȨʵ²⵽ʲô
򺣱߮磬ΪЩҲе˰ɡ
߮΢΢üֻ˵˵Ƶ˼Ҿ;úô˼ͺһȥҡ
ҿһͻˣǵϼˡ
߮˵ð١
Żڵ߮磬򺣱ס࣬Ҳǿҵĳէߣ˶ǿҲ̫Ϥ
˵Ļʲô֮ĻƽϰɡȻĻԺϵĹͲǺܺÿչˡ
һʱ󣬾ͻὥ˽ˡ
Ȼ֪߮򺣱֮便ʲô򺣱վҪܴҪ֧¼ҽ
߮뷨ˣ˭ȥ򺣱ĹѵܳȥܴԼһ007ֵ
϶еġ
߮Ƭ̣͵˵ͷ˵õģʦ
ǿֻǾмȥˣҶûס
߮⻰Ǳسˣ򺣱ȱϯ³һľ۲ͣ߮йء
ܳһ·û˵
ƺܿͰѳͣ˻ͣλȻܳɼ˷׷ƿž׼ȥҲ̶ͶϾ
Ȩ۾Ƚϼ⣬һӾҵϲ˫С۾˷ܵض֣ܳܳɸ磬ߣߡ
䷹˼⡣
ܳת˷Ȩķȥ
߮ҲҪȥʱȴͻȻӭ߮˵߮磬ȥϴּҪҪһ𣿡
߮ΪеȻͻأ룬л˵
֮߮ǰϺʱ򣬶ǧʢζǼΪͲ֪ƣҪʲô
Ե˵ͷת˷أðʦҲҪȥϲ
ƱܳɺȨ˵ܳɣȥϴּ䣬òȵˡ
ܳӦͷƱ߮粢ţһȥˡ

ţ̶רŴģʼá
Ȼֻ磬ڵλ߰ˣڵĻζ˱ǣ߮ƶ˶û
ֻϴּƱûϲ˵߮磬ȥϴ֣㡣
ʦлֱ˵ɣҲûϲ̹߮ȻվƵǰ
һʲôʹҽžˡ
߮磬ǰƵĲʿɣǵ꣬Ҫʿҵ˰ɣһϴ֣һ߻˵ϴҺĴţƫͷʡ
ţǵģʦ߮ͷ
·𣿡ֱ˵ʡ
ϴѧĶԺУҽѧΪרҵʿıҵҪƪ21ƪ1£ܹҵ
sciǷģĿǰķ֡
JCRпԺ
JCRӰӣIFֵĳһѧƵڿһӰӽУȻƽ4ȷ(25)ֱQ1Q2Q3Q4
пԺķһڿƽӰӵǰ5ǰ620ǰ215051100
һһǹʶڿĳһѧѧڿ
ҵҪ
߮簵һЦȻ⣺˼ƪҵˡ
߮ҲûŪԼЩڿƷҪʵĻ߮ǲȫӰIFֵһһ㱨ġ
߮û뵽ǣƾȻûôʣǼѧ𣿡
ĿǰеĿҵ£ǸǼһ˿ģĴڣֻһֿ͹۵֤пʵ
ָشͻƵĳɾͣˣۿĵģֻ־ı༭ԼдĸȤǼСһˡ
оǴд·нһѧˡ
ѧ棬ǾͲһˣҪű˵棬ͬǵ棬̨ȥ˵ġ
һܹı潻ģβǿǿعʸ񣬲Ÿȥ˵ͶȥͶҪκεĻ
߮ҲͷҲΡ
COA˻᳡Ʋɫʡ
߮統ʱɫһ
COACOAѧᣬChinese Orthopedic Association
лҽѧǿѧֻĹڹǿƽĹѧᣡ
ԼʦȥΡ
߮ץͷ
ֱ
APOAƱƣȻʡ
߮ԶƵĻȫ
APOAȫƣAsia Pacific Orthopedic Association̫ǿЭᣬ޺ͻ̫ƽڣ40ΪԱ
Լʦܵ롣
AAOS᣿
American Academy of Orthopaedic SurgeonsǿҽʦᣬĿǰʹǿӰѧˮƽߵѧ֮һ
Ƽ߮ûػֵOWCأûȥ
Orthopaedic World CongressǿƴᣬЭ͵ĽҲԱΪٵǿѧãÿȫλ㲻࣬ΪеĽˡ
һûȥˣǰȥ
߮úܣĹǿƣвʵϣϵκһңǶṹ
вóϣ
߮ͷƣɫЩȻе㽫Žɵġ
ƿ߮飬پԼе̣оʦγҪǿʦıӻŶһЩѡ
߮ԵһƺƽĲҵ
ȻſЦ˵ʦز¶
ʦոսЩһûȥҲûʸȥ
ҽȥֻSVSᣬҽһΡ
߮˵꣬΢΢ǷͷԴԼľ⡣
߮û뵽ڲ̶飬ȻôһͷУ£Լէû̫ȻĻ»趼ʶ
һ㶡
SVS
Ǹʲô飿
ϣ߮ҲʶԼ˵ƲϤ򣬱㿪˵Society for Vascular SurgeryѪѧᣩ
߮Լô˵òе㲻ҵ
ǹǿƵоȥμѪƻ顣ⲻǲҵ
ʵҲû취
߮⻰һ
ΪβȥѪƵо˹ǿư
ǰƲǿѡרҵô
߮Ҳ湻ֵģѪƻȥһţ
ƱȻֱо
רҵֻܶһֻԼѡĿѧƣ߮İƣѧУ׶ӣѡĸѡĸռʦ
߮˵ʦǴӹǿƽӴѪơ
ҾùǿõģʦҲͦãֻԼ̫öѡ
ͬʱȫȻˣΪԼƲѧˮƽߵˣԭⲢǴֱһʵ
ƣ
ȥSVS㶺ҵİɣ
òƣԼ߮Եһغϡ
һȭ޻ϣоþ
ֵã
òϣ߮绹Ǹ˲ţҲǸ۲۵š
Ȼ󿪿˵ÿ˶ÿʺϵרҵͷҲô˵õġ
߮磬ҾڹǿƻѪܡ
ƻһ룬߮羹ƵĻ磬ʦȥԷɡǹҪȼˡ
ʦģ飬һΣӽ֮ҲŵںͿκһˡ
ҲӰ쵽ǵĹѧϰ֦
֪߮ĿĺԭԸϽϴ
Ƶı⣬ʵҪ߮ϴ֪죬ˣڴﵽĳɾͣʵиߵɽֵȥõķ羰ֵȥ
߮;ģòƣ߮ʮ־
ƷʯͷֳӲ
ȻǿУûȥҪ
ǿŮпȽȥٽȥ
ðɣȥԷɡ
ʵ߮磬Ҹոû˼ϣ㣬ܹúõؼҽѧĵ·ȥվǾٶ˵һ䡣
츳Ǿʹ˻ķϣеϧˡ
ֻ߮ǿЦһ£˵ʵû츳
Ҫ˵ڵ츳츳Ļҵûֲٵ츳
˵ţ߮ͻȻͷȥϴ̨ǰˮˮͿʼϴ۾
ˮ۾е죬Ҳ֪Ǳոϴˮ۾ﻹʲô
ƶʱӸĬĬ뿪ˡ
ص˲̶˴Լλã̶ֱߣȻܳռˡ
ܳһۣܳɡ
ֱɶ
˸λ
Ҳûȥ
Լ󣬾ȥ˲̶˵̶˵Ļǲ̶еˡ
ԣڲ̶ʮָмܳɺһֱڸĬĬӵ顣
Ų˵ɨһȦϵˣȻʣˣʮ⣬һزˡӦò˰ɣ
ƾһ¡
ʮ̣
ΣҪѪ˰
ҵţⶼˣ۶ʵͨţʡ
һ¶ҲˣĿ˹еģһһˣۣٵһ㡣
˹ˡƸϽ
Ҫټ̰ɣԲ˷ˡΪ̶Ǯĸ
ɲ̶ȴ˵ոպáոպá
ҵȻ򺣱ˣʮ⻹δع
磬ܳ㵣ֵɣǾͲˣ´ٸ㡣
˵ţ̶㿴ٵ߮磬߮֡
߮˸λؾصģ¶Ц⣬ȦҲˣƺ֮ǰ飬ûƵġ

̶ڳ⣬˸ûע⵽ǿ֮ļʱ䣬Ϊףǰ°࣬ǣ߽󣬱ֱת˳ȥ
˻ź󣬲ž㵵Gôȥλð
˵˵Ի˵ҵţ⼫ãôſھͲˣ
תͷ˵㣬ͻȻֲԻˡҪȥԳˣ
֣ż￴һ£˲̶Ƶ˺󣬲žԼǶ˰˼
ǲԻģʹˣԲôؿζĶ
Ͳסܲ˼һֱܾ¶Ľףһ¡
˵ôͻȻˣԭǿ˲̶ǡ
ǲǺǸܳɰ
ĽǺܿ죬Ϊô°İ˵㣬Ǳ˵ĥ󹤣Ҿǰ°໹õġ
ҲҲŶÿؼ̡
һߣһΪܳ˵
ȴҡͷһ˵ûϵһ
߰ò˼˵Ǹ
㣬ǾȥԳ˰ɣһΣҵţ⣬ĺãҲĺóԡ׿ˮ£֥齴ͳʶ÷ǳ
ţʣĺҪ
Ȼ򣬵ɻǲôôʶģ
һȻԼིһ飬֮ʵ㣬˵ǲë
йϵôѵΪһʵˣѡȨûˣ
ңֻƽ͵Ѻͬѧ˵ʵѣⱾǼȶʵ
ҲûָʹƾɶܾĻ˵ˣ
ԣЦʵɣܾǿ϶ûģֻķʽûҪ˵ôֱס
˵ûоͺ˶ӣŮ˵һǴеǵġ
˵㣬˵Ҷá
ҴѧʱЩİֻã˵ûоΪദܹңͣҪԼҳԷ
ܵĶɧţܴŵϡҿ鶼
һֱӹ˼ֻҼĵ绰ǰһغõʦͻĹȥˣҶûܻȥһ̡
Ҳôֱӣôأ
ôһֱɧţ
̾һԼе޹
һ󣬵ʵõľܾʽֱ˵ˣ
Ϳаˣ
תͷգգ㣬ûа
ⲻƭ𣿡
ȡЦ˵ȥϽһͲƭˡ
ҪҪҸܼӵеԴǲٵġ
ԣüͷǻˡ
ڻ̸һ˶ðڣƺʲôƵģ͵ҡͷ
һǳЦСûǸԩң϶Ͳôˡ
ʵҸΣ

磬ĵʮ
лǽһ̨
Աߣ򺣱һֱվ̨ԣҶ˵
Ȼл˵Ȼȥˣ򺣱Ȼߣе㺦л
ⲻл̨֮򺣱ϽлǸлʦ飬治ǹģҶ֪߮磬Ȼָֻš
Ҳҡ
޸綼Һˡ
˹ôҲ벻߮ƵңȻΪôһ£ֱӸ
ΪԼһ䡪
ڴƵˡ
ܲԼǼʶˣ˼ʶ˵ֱӸлҲ˼ʶ
лС㣬򺣱һʲô뷨Ժƣô
򺣱ϽԼȥ˹ǿƣôʶ߮ģ֮߮䷢ʲôлһ顣
ȻǸлʦ벻߮磬ᡣ
лϵ¶ûϵȥϢɡ
ûȥ
򺣱лûһˡ
򺣱ߺлϽͨԼʦĵ绰
ܿˡ
СлôҴ绰ˣ˸㲻ĲˣҪת𣿡ЦǺǵʵ
ȻǼǵлģѧһɳй
ܴʿлҵȥˣûԺ֮󣬱û˼ˣһӣ뿪ˡ
ѧҪģӴ뵱ѧʱȫһ֮ܳģࡣ
ǣʦ
ɨһˡ
߮磬ǲڵһʦܰлʡ
߮ԼʦܵĻԼʶʶʦʦֵϣ
ǰҫ
߮磿˭ƺûס
ʦʶŶǿҸˣ˵һʱ䣬һΪҵʦܡڰҽԺˡ
Ҿ;֣ǹǿƵģ˵лȻŲۡ
ɶ棬̴˵߮磿ȥɹǿƵľͷţ𣿡
ﰡܴ󣬵ԣǳƽ
Ҳ
лŵˣϽͣʦʶҾˣʱ򣬻dissˣǲʦܣ˰ҽԺȴż
ֹʶ˵⣬һ
ǣ
ٿҺݺһ٣ᵽǹǿסԺˡƺе㱬ˡ
лˡ



һٶʮ ոô
ţ˾⣬ܱӡ
̶µȨȫθͲѣ
شӻ߳
̶ԴŶϾߣƱкȨܳɼˡ
ܳ߮˶ҡҡͷʦһȥҽԺֵ࣬Լ򳵹ȥɣ鷳ˡ
߮˵ʦҺܳƴ߰ɣҰڿûó
ʱƶӴñƴȥ
Ѿõļƻ͹滮
ƱתͷȨȨʵҲӲ˵Լ򳵣ϧʡŵǮͷ촽˼˵ʦҷŸվɡ
ƱͷȨߣԼŰ

ܳɽ˳߮һҽԺ
ڳϵʱ˶û죬ֻ³һҵ;У߮ܳɨܳɸ磬ʦ𣿡
ܳɺ߮羹˺һˣͷ˵ͦģҹĵ꣬һֱʦͲʦ
ƽǸˣ߮粢ͷ
ȨУ֪߮ڵķΧãȨϣ߮ƻա
ͬҲҪڿСǰҫƻڵա
˵һطȥˡ
˶ǲµˡ
ȨĲƸӵԼʦ
ƵʦվԼʦҲֻһЦοҲʵʵţ
Ͳ֪βҽԺ
߮⣬ԼԸҪԺ򵥵ġƼֻоѧҪħӦҲѰ
߮˵γڣؽƵĶţ
߮ʵܳʵѵˣ˼Ƭ̺ܳҡͷ˵ǰֻʦǸǳ͵ˣʵ޻˺ֹۡ
ڻ⼸㣬ȴֲе֡
ܳɲ˵Ʋô˵ġ
ܳˮƽ񵣲ϴѧڶ侭
߮͵ͷҲΪܳˣֻЦЦ˵ܳɸ磬û£Ҿһʡһˣȥϸĥ
Ȼܳ˴Ĵָ˵ܳɸļķġһҵļţʦ
Ҳֻʵ棬IIIȨ£ʦΰţ᲻ᰲţʲôʱҶǲġ
˵⣬߮ŽͣʦҼã
ֱܲѧҲֻɱҵ滹ǻҽѧеͶԲ
ٶȥ˵ʲô
ΪʦΪһʲôԴĻǴ˷ѣȴԱϣܳɸһ¡
߮Ϊ
ܳȻתͷ߮ſ̨ȥڻظǲЩ̫ˣ
ڻ᲻̫ˣ
߮ЦЦܳɸ磬п֣пŵ
ҶԼˮƽαǫЩأ
ܳ޹ԴʵŪֻΪ˽Щ
Ͼ߮ʦ߮ȥ
߮˵һ̨Ҫɫɱ֡
ʦ˵ôһۡ
һ̨㷢Լǳ˳ҽΪ⣬ƽˮƽôÿʼȥֵŵˡ
ӵˮƽ֮һʱоϷǳ
ܳɸϢ䣬ʦһ̨Ϸϳˡ
IIIȨֻǿǷܹﵽһ̨ͨˮƽɡ
ܳɸѾﵽˮƽ̨ٶ࣬Ҳֻظѡ
ܳ˼߮ĺ棬Ȼֵ˵ͷ
񣬸ո߮署Щ⣬ȴֲȫ⡣
ȻӵҽѧģԻȼļܣȱ˶֪ʶϵϵͳ
仰˵ڵ֪ʶϵеңеҰ·ӵ˼
ȫ֪߮ʶṹ룬֧һ㣬Ϳⷢɢоݡ
ܳɷǳĽĵطֻǿϧԼûʦ·
Ǿ߮ˡ죬ԷܳҲͲˣԼǺ£ȵĿףͬڽ
߮ͷ˱㲽ݣһ·û˵
ֵң߮һԼıرСԼĺƤʼǱ͸ֱʣֶ֮󣬱ֱܳɸ𣬲ͣ
߮ᶨȥӰܳɵЩĽ
߮簡ǸֵĽˣ츳ããӴʦš
ֻ˸־ᶨѡҽѧ·ȥдС˵·ҲߵʮּᶨֵĽ;塣
ⲻһ˿ݵġ
ֻϧܳɾôҲ˵᲻дС˵ܴﵽ߮ĲκҪõڵĻᣬ֪Ҫܶá
ʵˣȥǽԣ
Լȥ߮ѧ
ŬѧҽѧüһݺùԼ;
ֵࡣ
ͬʱܳɻַϺؿеĳԾװ
ܳɿп꣬ñĶˣȻЩطˣ궼ܹߣܳɵĻ֪ʶҲûһȥ
ڽܲܿϡ

Ͼ꣬ɱȲȥ꿼еʱôˣԼҪ֮⣬õһ׵ֵǶ
ˢˢʮܳɾͱֵɳ˶ˣɳ˶źܳɸ磬Ǳߴ绰˵˸ؽλĲˣǰѲ˽ȥ
һ˵ţɨܳ⣬һҽѧУоͿҽʦʸ֤˾ԶǵϺء
̫б־ˡ
ܳӦãȥƿɡ
ȻҲע⵽ɳ˶ڶԼԾҲûû
󷽷վÿ־Ʒȥ
ɳ˶ܳɵıӰеζӳ¡
ܳɸѵ׿ֵ࣬ͼԺôôȥУ
ܳɸǲֻ̫ǸԺƸ
ɳ˶ҲܳɵģʵǿȴѧסˣܳɵĻҲǻѡȥоġ
ɳ˶ûиԼʦ״ʲôģΪܳѾעʲôϵˡ
ܳһ·˼ƣ
켱ֵҽܳϤǸѩģһܳûۡ
ͨƣְƣҽʦ
ҾǼƣԴʮңӦоҵ֮ҽԺļƹкüġ
ʦãǹǿƶҽߴ绰˵һؽλˡܳ˵ţڼɨһȦûؽ֢״ɵĲˣۡ
ϻأŶ˵Ǹؽλ˰ΪĲ̫࣬ȥҵˡ
Ҵȥһ𿴰ɡ
ȻδʶǿƶܳɣҲýǿƳ˸ˡ
ǿѶĹؽλǣǿƴڵĹǿһҵˣȻֵ࣬ȫһġ
൱ڰһһ˹ؽλַλ졣
ܲô
ллʦܳϵл
Էƻ󣬽һʦԲʲôġ
ǸҽʦܸϲεĳƺĳĳΣȴҽԺĳƺ
һߣһ߽ͣ˵ƬǴӡģڲԼ㿴ҪҪһؼ顣
ڼƣӶǿƵĲʿӲ˹ؽλس̶ȣ˺öιؽλַλȥ顣
˶źȻڿƾԲܶಡϹƱơ
ȫǿƵʲôᡣ
붮ǰͲ˹ͨùǿƺͼҶΪΡ
ȻҲǹǶƷ飬ȻδźȻΪΣҲǵ;˵ˡ
ܳɱ㱻۴߽˲ңܳȵԱ߽ԼݺϸƬ
ȻԲ˵ãҪ顣һȷ
ɲ˺ͼȴе㲻⣬һʮꡣ
⻰Ͼ¶˺֮ɫʶԶܳɵķȥ
ڵܲܣˣ
ס֣ɫһӱܳɽʱ˺ü֡
ļһͷʮ꣬һʮµ긾Ů
긾ŮΪ˵ҽҪ𣿡
ҽԺǿƬ𣿲ȻƬģ
Ҷﲻһ¾ۣ·۵ö˺üΡ
ܳԣɫһƶ֮ǰдСȥĵطɣ
ˣɫ϶Ǳ˶ԹʹģȻĻԲܶη塣
Ϊ˱ܳҪȷһ¡
긾Ů˵ǾҽԺİûƬӾǰҽԺƬ𣿡
Ҷ˵ˣ㻹ô᲻ῴĻͽи
ɼˡż֮ɫ
ܳϸһƬӣϷе⣺Ƭ1158յġĵʮ塣ⶼȥ˿Сʱ
ҽԺӰƣСʱͿԴӡƽƬͽˡ
ʦôڲŴǿƵĵ绰ܳɴӲʲΪͻƿڡ
еΪѡ
ԱߵǸͷԾֱ׵˵˳ɩӣҾ͸㽲ˣǲеģƫƫš
⻰ʱ긾Ůɫһ¡
Ҫ˵ͷȴ긾Ůһۣ㻹Ҫ˵ʲô˵
ϹڣõôȦ𣿡
ŵģҽ
СӣҶӡ
֮ǰչƬӺ󣬾ȥضҽԺȻǱ˵ҪȻת˻
ܳɵ̱ӥһ㡣
üһﰡ
ϸҪԽһȷϡ
۾ʹһֱװ˵ǰɣ
üͷ
ۿܳɵı仯ɫΪΣ˼ҽҪ𣿡
˵ʵܳû˻ֱӾԼľʷģ
٣ỳɱԺҽæȥ˵ľʷ
һ󣬾ûȥϸˡ
Ҳû뵽ۣԼһ
ѹѲ˶ңֱӶء
ؽڲ෽λĲˣǱ˴
ڵƬǴǰյĻ˭֪λĹзʲô
ǣַλ˰ɣ˼Ρֱܳͷ
긾Ůɫһô㵽׿ܲΣ
εĻνйСҽô໰
ûƬӵʱ׷ҪƬӣƬ˻ǣôҽ𣿡
ܳɱ˵ͷãϸϼ绰
Եһܳ˵˳ȥϱ̶Ȼ˵ʵ顣
벡˽ҲǼΪ
ԣ͸Ͻڽ͵ҽҽȵȣ
ȱ绰ſ
ܳΪֹˣֵ˲̶ȥ϶ۣźȻԻᱻ
źȻкӹ
Ȼתͷ긾Ů
ɩӣܲ˵䣿
ûõģ
֮ǰҲ˵ҪȥضҽԺˣû˵㡣
ǣǰҽԺڹؽλַλһ飬ҽãҲá
ҪεĻҽֱȥϴѧҽԺֱҽںˡ֮Ϊܳ˵ҪǾ̫ⲻȥˡ
ԼɩͶܳɿ硣
ܳɱˣиƨŶ
֮ǰڼƣǿƵļζˣҾؽƳҲ㲻ģܳɸ㶨ġ
γ˿ңʲôã
ң۴˿Ҳһѻġ
ӹʱѾźˣ׼Ƚ͸ǿԴ绰ܳæû뵽ǰԼ绰ûꡣ
ԼɩֱӴȥضҽԺȻǱ߸㲻ˣ۷
ĵ˵ġ
˵ֵģǿڶøķϣ۾ǲŮ˵ġ
ʲô
ۣ㵽ǰ˭˵ɩɫġ
۱˵ǽ˵
ܳɶʱͿЦ
⵽ӿģܵģ
ܳɾãǼûãҲͬĻܳǾԲӵġ
ؽλ͸λԤĹؽλǾͲһ¡
ܳɿɲϲؾͳΪҽԺͬĽ
˵䣡۵Ķ巢ˡ
ȻұǲֵģĶӣҵӣ
۵ĻͲҪε˼ҡ㰮ӣȥȥ
긾Ůʱƫͷصֶֻ֣ӣҵ塣
ǽòã׻ֶף
˵˰ҽԺؽλҲ˰
긾Ůһ룬ͱͷֹˡ
ұ죡
ͷŭҪҾȥң
ۿһˣ˴ˣôɵ𣿡
ڻֵĵλʲô
ô˵ʱһͷмƣ۴˼ӱ˽
źȾͶ۵Ǹϵܣ˼ɩ̫صҲǲ֪¶
Ҳģƽϣרȥ
ڻö鷳취ֶӼ껲ɻء
˵۵ؿԼһۣԼϹţ˵
긾ŮŴ˸սӼ£ֵôһΪ·ˡ
ͷûתŭһ㲻˵TM죡
ҪˣȥˣҶӣ
ͻȻıŭ긾ŮŵùǺ
ȻӲֶ˵ϵܣڸô죿ðֶ취
۾תͷܳɡ
ܳɾͰԼĵ˵˳˴ſɣûʹ˼ؽĥĻȡһ±ơ
֯˵ĻôҪġ
ãۻûػ򶫱ͷӦ
긾Ůɫһ䣬ܾԼ򱻿Ƶġ
Ǿˣ˰ҽ

˼ķú긾ŮЩ۵ضԼɷ죺õֱܼǿˣȥҽԺλһǮûһӽİٶ顣

̺ɸֵֵ˵ǣ÷㵽׶°
ڸӿǺÿµ㻨Ǯ¡
֮ǰûǮǸ𣿡̯֡
ûиƻһ
˵⣬򶫸ߵ˵㵽ǲ˵ʲô
۵˼ǣҵҽҽԺõģ˶á
㻹Ϲĥʲôأ
Ѧ÷мЦЦõҽͰõġ
Ҿõܣڷ㡣ҵĿǿϵĹǿҽ
ãҽ϶Ҳá
͵ſɣ㲻ҵġ
ۣǵǮûģ
򶫼ֱԼŽǳ˺ҩզģԿǶˣƽȻǿٿ˵㣬ȴûô
Ī
Ѧ÷ոսǸҽ͵飬ȷһɵ㡣
˵ҽԺַλõģһܿס
ƽҲǸϲˣȻӴ࣬ڼ۵Ʒ㼫õˡ
۳棬ˣʱӰMRƽɨ顣
ְܳȥƬϵͳϿ
ȵܳϸ۲۰Ͱ͵ؿʣҽôȡһ²𣿡
ܳɵ˵ͷ˵ȡһ£ʻСҲųǸλȥ
⣬һ
Ȼܳûȫ϶ȫ϶˼ƭӣҽԺˣһ㶼˵ʵû˻ᱣ֤
ʣǲǱƽƬϵЩ
֮ôʣҲ뷨ġ
ԼԼӿ۾Ѿʼˣŵһ룬ˡ
ܲ
Լүүһ˷ǳѪ֡
۾ֱȥˣ
ʦҾͲˡǰļ鶼ͬͣñȽϡܳɿɲҸʲô硣
֮ǰ۾ͰиԼһӣԺҽӡɼҲƷá
һ¼ġ
ɫ΢΢һϵԲҽʵҲǾܼ˲סôˡ
ģȥø繵ͨһ°ɣַܲܽλɹĿԡҧҪֲһܳӡ
ȥɣʦϾλܳɿɲȥ
۱㲻˵ʲô
̸ʱ۾Աߡ
ܳɷǳǣˣȻǷǳӲ̸ʱ
ܳɿɿ껵үүŵеϵ򶫵ӣ۶ãǲַܳλһΪ׵顣
ȴһҧ۸Ƽˡ
ǿҪַܳλҼԼǩ֡
ܳɿٴʵǺӵĸףҲļ໤ˣҪм໤˵а
Ѿȷظ߹㣬ַλܲɹջҪλġ
һ𣿡
ҪҪٺͺӵĸһ£
ʵڼͳһʱȥַλǼΪðյ飬Ϊºһ˲ɹô͵žٱ͹˾ɡ
ȴʱ˽˵ҽַλɣɹҪ鷳Ļ
ܳɿһۣ͸ֲм
磬ֻóĿɣ
ô˵˭֪ô
ãȻǴҺá
ܳɲ۵ı֤Ȼ򶫵ˡ
ڵַλûʼҺӵһʼַλ޷ٻͷˡ
ҵˮƽлתȥϴѧĸҽԺ߶ҽԺȥһʡ
򶫿ۣԼ
Լͷ
ȴǸеⶼˡ

ԼĪʮӺ
ܳɱӲ˳ۼ״еʧǰʣҽλ𣿡
Ȼ˵ȥø͡
ƺҪԼոܳǰµĳŵ鷳
ȻǰеƷܹܳ£סѹԼĸֶλȻǿϵģĻܳͰ˴ˡ
˽ֹĲˣһҽԺ֡
ԭλк
ʮӣʧ˰
ܳȴЦŶ˵ʦλѾˣڵʯ̡
Ӧûʲôġ
ţַλշѣҾͲˡ
ʯǿҵģʦԼɡ
ȻƽƬȻٿ¸ƬӣӦûġ
Ȼ˵飬շѣ˱Ͼ⡣
ʵҲΪ޹Ǳȣ;תȴȥҽԺȻ۷
ۼм䣬Ҳǲô
޹޹ԼˣǰƷ顣
һַλķҲ࣬Ҳ͸ˡ
Ժ󣬴ұ໥ˣ㡣
λɹˣô죿
һ㶣
ҽԺλζʧܵģܳʮӾ͸λɹˣ
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
ˬ
ʵЦǾҽˣ
ϣҽԷ
֪ܳɲշǸӣҲΪӣȻ飬Ǹõûġ
ͳԷǮַܱλǮҪ󣬵˳
Լɩ˵׻ֶף
ҽǿģǿ˭׵ģиëá
ľԼ˺£һɧ
ʦ֮ͶѣͲ˰ɣҽ컹Ҫȥֵ࣬˰ܳȥ
ãǾ͸죬ҽһҪ
һҪԵġ

ڲ껵ĸǲϵԼӻʹʹûﲻЩ⡣
껴˿Цҡҡͷ˶ָ˵裬һ㶼ʹ
ѩ÷ʱֹôˣҵǸҽǹǿϵģλ˵ģСҽôܸλɹأ
򶫶ʱֵ㻹£㲻ǻҪȥҵǸҽ鷳ɣ
Ȼأѩ÷ʡ
ҡ򶫺֣һ١
ɾ֣ȴûµȥ֣ţǲǰˣ
ô鷳ڲˣӦô쿵չȥѧУ
֣֣ĵȥ
ǮҪǸ
ôԺôദͲ£
ǹ֮󣬼Ҳȥ㸸ĸҰˣؽѵš
ѩ÷һ
򶫺ͺѩ÷ˣ껵ǿƲʱŽˮ̣һҾֱ칫Ҷȥ
ɳ˶˿߰˺й̣ʱתͷܳɡ
ܳ˵ǲôˮƷѵģСӣüлȥԣͲҪˮ
СھֲʹˣŸ˵һȥҰңЩרллҽġ
һоϹݹлл㡣
У˵ô죬Ҳͯˡ
ſ˺ѩ÷۾գգ裬ҪҽǸʱ˵õġ
ѩ÷ʱΪΣԼӵ£Ǹܳɾһ
Ȼ򶫾Ͱѽ

һĻĻǿɳ˶Ŀɿڴ
üһﰡܳȥһ˼ƣֱժһ⵽ʲô
Ѿܳɸյĵڼˣ
ɳ˶ǲˣͷ֣ܳɺǽոƵģ
һƵ˸ͣǶƵ˸ͣмﲡˣҲ͡
ﻹ˵һЩתԺ˵ĲˣȻڸܳͽ죬͹̡
һո
ɳ˶ɣܳǲв˲˼㲻ͽͲ㿴ˡ
˺ͼ˺ɳ˶ʣܳɸ磬ˣİ
ܳԣڳˮʱòˣ
ǺԼ˶ҿ
죬ûСַλɹǿ¾һ¹ʣ֮ܳΪˡ
ܳû
˵ʵڵģǿСķϣԼٿͷϣԸ£ܳĺȥط

ǣϾ޹ġ
ͷôһ˿Կ棬ܳҲԼҪѹض̫ˡ
ˡ
ҲҪÿһ˼ͺ
Ȼ˼⺢ܳǿ϶֮ġ
ҽ˿˵ĲǷԼɳܵķΧڣȥϸò˼ǷԼɳܵķΧڡ
棬мΪܾˣôΪá
ܳɿɲӢš
ɳ˶⻰ЦЦǵҲǡ
ܳɸ绹ܹĲ˼ﶼҪһ죬Ǳ¡
ɳ˶ϵظܳ˴Ĵָ
ܳɵǲ֪ɳ˶ոⷬĽɳ˶˶磬ȥЩֵָ̣ĻʿһЩɣҲԲꡣ
иͬҶֵĿ
ɳ˶̵ͷãȷŻʿվȥ
诽ڹûճԡҸողæ
Ȼƻ˹ǿƲҪ̨ˡѾ֪ͨǧʢʦȥƿˡ
ϰ诽еæˡ
ܳɵıһ͡
ɳ˶˵еƿڣ˹ǿƲģҪ̨ˣ
ҪĲ𣿳Ѫˣ
ɳ˶ͷţܲϣܹŵ̨ɣһϣ
˵꣬ʿվȥ


һʮ ̨Ƿ
򶫴ԼźӴӹǿƲ۷ؼ׼ȥԼõܵлʱڼƵͨͱסˡ
һýȥ
æ˵磬ҵܾǼҽۡ
ոҺӿҾͽȥклһߡᵢ̫ʱġ
Ϊñţ򶫰ǰʯࡣ
ȴֵǼȻʶĻǵлͻؼ˵ߵ绰˵ɡ
ڼ˼ΣزˣҽǶæأ
Ƶ˷˻ҽﲡ˽ɴӼͨ⣬ͨʱֻ
ҪҽĻ绰ɡ
˵ҲǷ¡
ҽʱɳ롣
ԣɫһ
źѩ÷˵Ҫ۳ԷлɣæţҲô
ӵĲκˣѩ÷״̬˲٣ٻعͷ£Լ΢еס
ڶԼˡ
򶫵ԼһۣΪ㣬ģֱǴҵԺۻᰡʲôȥ
򶫻ûΪѱ۴˵绰绰ͨˡ
ɶֻ˵仰͹Ҷˡ
磬еæ
ͷ˵
̾һ鵽ͷ˲ŷԼ
Ṇ̀˵һ鷳תۣ˵򶫸ġ
Ŵź뿪

ͬʱһæýͷöؽŸȹԸĻʿʱ׼аڴͷ
ԵŶźȻƤӵ½˵绰󣬵ҲϾ͹Ҷϡ
һ˵ΣֵܣֶˣմȥŽӵ绰
źȻɫЩ
ҽҽҲˣ˱Ӳʡ
ȻƵֵҽ
Ļ绰ûУٴһ£⼸˵ϲúܾˡ
ֳûһ·ûһڽʣһҪȫ취źȻԡ
绰ʹˣ˵ϹҲҪʱ䡣ػ˿˿ʱ䡣
ȻڲŹȥӡ
ʱʮӣҽҲܶʮСʱڼ׼ĿǰûôԣҽԴֻܰһɼʹ
źȻ˿ֱȻٿ˿໤ϵݱ仯绰ٿ㰡
ϽͨءȥźȻһ߾ָ
绰ѪҪѪûУ
ǿƣǿơ
һҽͻʿʼæòɿ
ڣ֮󣬼ҴҴܽ˼ҽĳ󣬶ض㡣
һ
ǿƶĶǧʢȻҲУɫ΢һʵΣôģ
ȻٴοˣȷԼ
üһﰡؿڣ֫ͷдڣҺˡ
ܹİˮŲؿûҰγ
˿ڴѪճѪҺ·ճһ
ﴦɴѾ͸ȫ֪ĸطĳѪ㣬ɴ·ʬ㡣
ţ˴̫ͬȥˮͬεġ
ɫ԰ףƺƷ
źȻͶ˵ԭ򲻹Ǵ
ϽǷҪﴦҵɣҪ̨ģ͸Ͻ̨ɣʱ䲻ˡ
˵ѪѹΪȶѾȥ׺٣ѹȻ80mmHg
϶лԵĳѪ취˰
벻Ѫǲõġ
źȻôһ˵Ƶë˽Ѿ˼򵥲壬˵ͫ׶ɢСͷϵӦֻƤˡ
CT𣿶Σ
ʱļ൱ھڿٵԼؿ֤ݣë˽ȻëҲëë¶ۡ
źȻ˵κμ鶼û120һֱȣȥϴѧҽԺģ·ˣʱͽҽԺ
˿ҺΪȶһֱڸ֧֡
κʽȣдڽ̿ϵĵһ仰ǽԳѪκʵݿˣǸȾݿڣȲҺ
ֻĻ˵ġ
һ㣬źȻŶˡ
ȻֻҺ϶С
Ƶĳΰ˼򵥵ĸ󣬺ݺݵüͷлҺ϶лԳѪûκθĻֻǿ̽ˣ
˿ڣðθƵҲΰ˵Ϳ˶źȻ
ҽԺƣ
εȣθƣسơ
УεȻѪƵ顣
绰źȻ˸εƵĳΰĽ顣
ʱ򣬳ΰ˵ҪӪƵ˽ʲô
ררΣרƵĻҪ
ȻźȻһڼƵɫĿǰԼЩһһ塣һһˣҲʱûյŷ
ȻƵˡ
ƵһǿЦ˵Σǿƿ϶Ҫ̽飬ǰɨһCTȻĻ
ȫ޴ְ
˼أҪ̸»
źȻ˵ڣλͬ־ĵλֱϵҽԺֵֵ࣬ѾȨ
Ҫ̸Ļ칫ͬ£ȥİɣ鲻ʱˡ
źȻƵĸβĹܣ˲񿪸̽
̽̽
ͬʱƵĸҲҲɨһͷ
ǿƵĶǧʢҫ˶ûϹƱƣֻ˵ǹǿƿ϶ҪģһȥͲ˵̸ͬɡ

ȶǧʢҫ˺ҵˣ벡˵ͬ겡֮˼ͬʱ˵ĵطȻʼ绰ȥˡ
ǧʢֱӶϺ㱨ΣǵģǳĲˣ򹫸ˡ
Ǳһĸˣֳûһ·ûһʣͽתҽԺ˫֫ദˣ
ǵλǳӣΪjiduʱҵҪѵ㣬ڡ
ҽԺ쵼ҲΪӣϣǸһҪλӢ۸ȹ
ǹǿƵãѾȥˣȻֱңͬʱпء̽鼰崴
ǹǿƾǴȵ࣬кĵˣЩˣûҲɴ
Ѫѹظѹʮࡣ
ҾãΪ˱Ļ׼ɡ
ã֪ˡǧʢҶ˵绰֮ȻϿʼ֪ͨڵˣʼ׼
Ȼ绰ƣ˵ԼҪͬʱ̨в˵Ļưæտһ¡
ûд绰ңǾûʸ룡
ͷֺ˵ģĳ漱ɸԵĶѯൣΡ
ƺܳɣֻؽλֵ࣬˿ɲŴȻĻҲ
ԶƣǧʢãֱӶƱˡ

һУܳɲ֪ġ
ֵɳ˶ӵǧʢĵ绰ʱҲԵһ£ȻϵõģΣ֪ˣĻֱӴʦ绰
ʦ˵˰ɣ
õģСɳ˶ظ
˴ӼֱӽңȻŲ˼ΪΣأڲӹǿƵĲһȦĻֵҽĹϵͲˡ
öʲôֻҪֵԼİˡ

ͬʱơǱߣҲǽӵҪ̨֪ͨҪʱýﲡ˵׼
绰ֱӴġ
°ˣźԷ⻰ʣΣʺϴǿ˿𣿡
źȻ͵Σ̨Ժǳӡϣܹóõ״̬ˣϾͻ͵ҡ
ã
ϰǿ׼˴飬ҲϸҽԺҲò˼˵ʱѾࡣ
Լ飬ԲҽԺ飬Ҳ˵ʲô
źȻȻǲʱӳҲ˲ôˡ
û˭ԤϵʲôʱȻܶʮСʱʱ׼ţȴ˵٣
ңΣĿĵҽԺʱͽҽԺģҲûǰ֪ͨ档
͸ӲǰԤˡ
ǾֻˣΡ
źȻѹ˵λͬ־Ǳ⸴ģǷǳֵ𾴵ģ޷˺ķģǾ
ǻ˹ؼϢ
˵ЩҪˡ
£
źȻ⼸ûͷĻ߼壬Ǹп֮µϹƱơ
ֻ˸֣߰˷ˡ
龭Եɣ˿̶ҪˣѳΪȶʵ
ôȣȹǵһҪ
㶼û绰ԼѧϾ͵ش򳵾ҽԺȥ
ʮӺҴҵʱ
ͱ֪һˣתҵ;УѾɥʧȥ
ȻȫѹȣΣδ֪϶ֹ̫ۡ
Ϣʱ򣬼Ҳһ
Ȼֱ˻Ǹ䡪
ȥ֮󣬾Ϳ˿ѾǿٵشյܲܣƵһѾǿʼ˸˵ά
ûǿŶҵҽ˿ͬǻһط
ڿʼ֮ǰҵ˱㿪ʼ˸ԷΧڵʱɴȡ
崴֮ǰ׵ϴǼΪбҪġ
ڶǧʢҫ˸պðѴȼϱ۵ɴҿһʱʱ
Ѫ쭶ֱһѪ㣬ȥ
ǧʢҫ˵ϵ˫ֱӰɴѹ¡
Ҳ˲ϵѪʣɫ˵Σдˣר
ҽԺûרŵѪƣƵĸεΡ
ƽСѪˣǿƵ˾Ӧһдˣִˣ˵ʵǧʢҫ赱ˡ
TNĿ˵òƿ׼˵طƵģѡ˿ڴ֮ɵؾ˹ɶŶ
ִ͵ѪˣǧʢϾˣٽһѹŴڡ
ΰ˿ɫҲȻ䡣
ոһĻѾˣȻ޴˿̶ǧʢֱӰѷնǿƣҲû취
ǿǹǿƣҽԺûѪƣѪƼдǿңҲֻӲͷƤӦϾ͵ˣȻ취ɡ
ΰдҲдֻܽϼѹ
ңʵǿƣٺٽӴѪ˵Ĳˣ໹ԸεΪ
ֻһˣ̽Ҫ֫ѪҲҪĻ
ǹΰҲ֡

ܿ죬ǿƵҽʦϺ꣬ѪƳΰϼҲѪƵΣʯϣ͵䡣
Լˣȡ˻㱨֮
˵ɫͶһ䡣
׵˵ΣǹһߣĴ˲ҪѪܷⰡ
ϺҲͷǹǶҲ࣬ɶˣü紦
ʯϴ˿ɫеףϺ趼ʶˡ
ϺҲû˲ˣѪˣ˺͵֯иҪ
ʯϴ˿ҲͿЦţ˵ǿƻʸ̽Ҫ֫⣬һҲȫ
ң˵ʵǿҵѪƣǹҸƣĴˣǰûκθȷǿǽġ
ҪôǴһȥ˹
˿϶Ȳôá
Ҫôֱӳȥ̸֫ɡʯϴ˿ҲǷ˺ݣֱӾˡ
˲ѪҪ뼱ҵģǴˣǿƴˣǰҲûԤ
ޣϲҪġ
ǹǿҲȥ
Ϻˣ¶ɫ˻ʯϣȶˣһô
ʯ㿴»֫Զ˵Ѫˣ
Ķ˴ʱ䳬һʱޣ˿ԶĶͻ˨ӣҲԱӦȹӦͷѪҺӿΧѭѪҺϵͳ
ұǰ˵ĶҲ޼£
ּ˵µ˨ӣǿҪô͵˹ҪôðհѲתȥҪôͽ֫ѶʯҲǵϵֱˡ
ʯ⻰һ˵ɫ̴䡣
ҽ˿ⷳ꣬ðո˵ˣߵҽ˵вȥҪѲתȥɺǳ
״̬Ҫתȥȫ̸ţ
Ҫתĵزǵõȶã
ıֱ֢໤ҵġ
ҪϿ촦ѾΪƽȣǺòײųġٵʱĻҲһסڵˡͿʼߴ١
ʯϼҡͷû취ҵĽֱӽ֫ʱ˵
ֱӶϺꡣ
Ϻ˻ʯϵĻɫ͵ر˱䣬˻ʯһϺֱ꣬Ҫˮ
֫򵥣ֻǽ֮֫δؾܱסߵ֫ϣ⵽ʱ벡˵ļ
ãΣѪƵרңġϺʮֹϡ
ȻʯϽҪ֫Ѫܵ⣬Ǿͽ֫ˡܱܲסҲϺһ˵¡
ΣһȥҲ˼̸ɡ
Ӻ
ʯϺϺǰһλƷӾŭӡ
ҪֺͽŶ֫ˣһ
֮֫󣬾ԺôŭĿɵëԲһܰѻʯ˸ԵƵġ
ʯϾͽ˵ԥˣڲ˵ܸӣ֫ˣųѪ˨ĿԣҴ绰ѪƵרҹδֵ֧Ǹʱ򡣡
ϴѧҽԺѪƵ˵ҲҪСʱܳ
˵Ҳδܡ
ʯϵĻʱ˵쵼ʱͷƤˣСʱܳҵʲôˣôų
ôٹʬأ
ŻʯϾͷ
ñȡ¶˵кȻԷйĵŭ⡣
ʯһ󣬾Ľ˵ʡѪĽڣȫ綼һѪˮƽһֱǹǰصġ
̨ϣǹֲҪܷԼ˵ܣ
ǳʡûô
ǵҪƽڣкʡ
ѪˣҴ绰ȥҹļûСʯ˸˸ᶨػص
ҵˣԴ绰ʣҰϴѧҽԺҽԺʡҽ⼸ѪƵרҶһ飬Ŀǰֻ˵Ը
ⲻǹҼң˾еģʮΣգҲδܹ̫á
֫ĻЩڶûʲôȽϺõİ취Ҳûõİ취ˡ
кһְͣҵעʮ
ϴѧĽǣԸɲܺߵ飬һܴõ
׷ʵʲôмûУ˵㣬ڣûˣ
ʯϵͷУϴѧҽԺĽ˵ˣҲҲڰæϵ
ǻʲôȥ˰
֪֪⼸ֵܣŷǳҪ
ʯϱֻӲƤͷ˵λ쵼㽲ҶҲףֻ֪ڵǳأʲôҪȻһߣ
紦Ļ˾ûˣһоͶɿˡʱ䵢˺ܾãϣܹܹͲ˵ļȡϵһ
кʱͻˣ˫ĿͨţŻʯϣ
ôϵһ̣ʮˡĸҲҵսѣڵ£ȥ𣿡
ŶʮһδӡҲˣȥĻ磬ûйùá
;˾˼Ҽˡ
һң
ǣҲҪȹ
ʯϺϺ˵ɫһ䣬ѹ˻ʯϡʯֻҧ˵ҲֻܾΪ
˵ţʯϾͽӵϴѧҽԺĽڵĵ绰ȻҲ˲ͽͨˡ
Ϊ𾴣ιڣǻʯϣԲ𣬴ŵˡ
Ŷϵʽҵˣֻˣʯ̴ϲ
Ը𣿡ϣͱùŹ
õģ֪ˡ
ʯϹҶϵ绰󣬱ɫе㲻̫ȻضԵк˵û취ˣƼҲ˵ûգҹֻܽ֫ˡ
ʯǲԸ⣬ҲֻôӲͷƤԵк㱨
ʲôĶкʱŭˡ
ԸԸʲôҽ
ʯ˵ҽǲԸ⣬Ǿûգ
кɲһʯһףո˵ľǲԸ⡣
ѵ绰ҡո˵ĻҶˡкƶ
ʯһɬո֮Դظʵ˵˵쵼ģû뵽Լס
ɫתʵǰġ
ԼˣԸæ֣ԸǱ֣Լôİϵʽعˣɲʲô鰡
ԼƷӺͬ
㻹ԥʲôҵ˻̨ϣŶʮһ꣡ԥʲô
вˣѵ绰ңȥ룡кʻʯϡ

ʯջǰѵ绰˵к
кǱʰ绰ͨǰ˻ʯһ䣺ɣ
ܿ죬绰ͨˣкϿû˸ղŵӲιãҽԺһģߵĻ˵
绰ֱӾͱҶˣ
кʱͲðֻˡ
ٴȥֱʾԷͨУǰֻˡ
һֻٴһкԼߵ
ϵݹֻ
νͨ󣬵кֻ˵֣ͱԷҶˡ
ʲôкöͷϵ¶
ǣȻǿؿϺˣ˵λҽܲ鷳ٸڴ绰Ըҵ绰
Ҹոշֻ⺢Ӹ
ĸҵսѣǰиң⺢úܣҪĸ·
֫ˣҶ֪кȥĸˡ
¶ţ顣
ʯԣҲ̾һ˵ʵվڸԵĽǶȣҲⲷ飬ֻȴڵ顣
Χ֮⣬ʱ˰ҽԺȻκμ飬ʲô׼ûУ϶ᱻôֲ
Ѿֹȥӣ˵վ͸˼֡
ʯϴ绰ȥԱݺ󣬵ûҶϡ
Ȼʯ˵˲˵ݣػʯϿ˶ˣ绰һͷһǳ
ΣҲˣɡ
ϴѧҽԺĽ˵ԵİʯϻûüػͰѵ绰˹ȥɳػص
ҽڣڣҽүүԣܲһҵıҸ¹򶼿ԡĻܲڣе߼
˳һ󣬶Ȼһ˵˼˵ǰڵңû취õˡ
Բǻһڰɡ
ҲҲԸæû취
˰
˵߮׼Ҷϡ
ɲͻʯ϶߮ǱسܹͬʱڴϣڣȻæ
һ˵ڣҪòã˵㶼ɣûа취ܲȹһۣһ֮û취˵
߮˲⻰һŻصҾڰҽԺⲢá
֪ľλã㲻Ѿǿˡ
Ⱦ͵һȡ
ԲǲҪٵʱˣϽ취ڰɣΪ߮ƽػţһھܾ
ͻˣװʲôأǸҽ𣿡
ȣҽأ
Ե㷢ʲôΪڲˣƲΣȣ
ûҽµˣҽˣؼ̺Ӱɡڴ̼Է
أ߮ȴδҶϵ绰ظ˵
ллĽ飬㶼ô˵Ļ֮ǰѡ񲻵ҽ·ǶԵġ
˵Ѿ˺óʱˡԺҲ׼ҽˡ
ںҽûйϵҪˡ
ཡ
˵꣬߮Ҷ˵绰
Ȼ󲷳ټ˸绰˹ȥھҽô°Ƕ˵ˡ
Ͳܹһһ۶𣿡
ҲⱲӺˣвУ
㲻ҵķϣͲܿڲΪķϣдһ˿֪һ𣿡
߮Ĭ󣬵Ҳ֪˭֪ǳĵģϲ̨ˡ
Ϊ߲ħⱲӾҲϲ̨
ˣá
ھ棬ҽȥǸ䣬Һ¡
߮⻰ʱ˵ɫ
Ϻͻʯ˲ңȻ棬һˣȵſڣץͷ
ʮʹࡣ
Ϻǰȥȷˡҽݣոڿʯϴ绰ʱ򣬾;绰뾹ĪϤ͵߮磬ô⣿
߮ɬ̧ͷ
ת˼ȦʵҲ㲻ԼΪ˲ɷ磬ռزģΪ˿ܲһħȵЩˡ
УҲǡ
߮Ұ׵ɫȫڷͱȥ˲ڵİ칫ҡ
Ϻ͸ʯϽ͹߮ݣ¼͵λǸոմ绰ҽˣ棬ɫҰףʹࡣ
ǾͲҪΪ˰ɣ
û취ˣҲȲҽԺڹˣ㻹ϰɣ֫ǶԲõѡ񡣡
߮˿̵飬촽ɫĲҰף죬ȫʪ͸·ովһҵĽս״̬ȫͲǸˡ
߮˱飬Ҳе߮ոյĻˡ
ѾǼ򵥵ħܹ˵ģֱħ
Ҳһ૵ѵҪС֫ϵĲм𣿡
Ѿûκΰ취𣿡
˵ŵʱϺĵ绰
һȻǹǿƵĶִĵ绰Ϻɫһ䣬ѡ˽
ûʹ˶ֵŭϺô㽻ģǲǰ߮ȥң
Ϻ㿪ڽ͵ڣġ
˵ݺ⣬һǽƼ
⣬ֱƿڴĺ߮аëǮϵûа
ڣʯë߮ʲôϵҵѧǽʯѧ
뺦˲߮罻ͺ𣿡
ϺǲǾýʯܹŵ˰
⣬㽲ģӵ棬ԼĻһƨţ
ϺԼ޹Ľ͵ڣСĵ绰ҴİҲ֪Сᱻҡ
ʯԱƤһһġ
λʯָëˣͷ϶С᲻Լ鷳
ֹƾֻǵΪ˷йһ£Ҳ֪ºϺ޹أͼʯë
ʲôƨ¾ͰǹǿƵȥҰ
Լҵ飬ԼȥѪû𣿡
ҹˣСųȥҽؼҡ
ּԸϺһ䡣
ȥˣӹ绰Ϳͬ־ô£ڱտڵ໰
ëëģ
ʲôйƨ£
ֻǸҽ绰ѣô
־͵Ų˵ֹǼŽʯѪ
ЦɲÿǾϵͳˡ
üͷλͬ־ԣҪΪʹ˾ͿԺҸ㣬ҾǾ졣
㵱ҵô˵ɱ˵飿Ͷ
УҪһ䣬ⲻǹƨ¶
ҵˣ򹫸˵ģƨӢۣΪ壿
;˲Ļ
ûʵ̸ʲô塣
Ϊ壬Ǿ͸ðѱ˸ˣѸùص˸ţ
Ҫɱ֣ңڴȥ
壿
Ļѧ
Ƽײܱ񲡳̸ʲô壿
飬ǹǿһëǮϵûСǰ˭˭ȥѧûʲôƨѪƵȨޣҪ̨ȥǷ
ҪȵĻǾ֪Ѿ㱨ˣԼŰɡ


һʮһ ʵֻ볤
˵绰󣬲öͷֱĪغܣ
תͷ㿴Ϻˣûʣͬ־ʲôͷҽ𣿡
ȴһҽ˵Ļ
Ϻæ˵ϴѧҽԺǿƵĶڣҲҽʦ
Ȼתͷ˻ʯϣ˵ΣǹǿƿΪ취ɣȴ߮ȥϢ
Ϻ˿ڴģµȻ֮鷳
ͨոյֻƬϺˣ߮簡뿪ϴѧҽԺҽԺߣкεԭġ
ڿԭ򣬾ڶȥ֡
ϺҲֻһһˣû߮ôѪƵĻʯ϶תתģ־Ƿ񾭣϶ҲѪ
ڴ߮¥ʱϺò׼߮ϲŵܡ
߮˿ȫûϺ̸˼ʲ𲻻ػϺҲ˿ͻƿڡ

һߣļͨڡ
ֿʯϣʣΣո˵ģ֪£𣿡
ʯϵͷЦ˵ǵģҽִҵо廮ֵķΧġ
ȨޣҲҪּҽҽǹǿƵҽԽѪƵϸΥִҵҽʦ
ϴѧҽԺҽѪƵȨޣǰҽԺִҵ֤ûתĻԸط
˭˵áҽͲԸǿ̨󱻾ٱ
⾿ǸʲôڣҲ㲻ˡʯεؿЦš
ƽֻͺذ꣬żԽ֣Ҳ͵͵ҽȥġ
ѧϰһ
ڣǳΪ߮Ӧ̨ѱ
ھַܾɡ
ƤţһξãԼǰҽҪϸù涨˵طˣ
òҵ߮磬ȴؿ뿪
ȡ
ֻǡ
ʦҽְҵרŵķ÷Χġ
߮ԼԸִҵص㲻Ե£ȥӱ˵Ϊ˾ˣʵ߮ԷٱǱ߮Ƿҽ
һôۣҲ֪ʦ֪֪Ҳ֪
϶ֲִֻҪ˳˭Ҳûʲôùӳԡ
Ӹո붡ֽڵĶԻУ֪һ飬Ǳǣò߮簡УܵƽӦ㲻װġ
ţſڣͲҽȥˡ
û˼ȥ߮ͶˣֻʻʯϣΣܲһˣߴһڰ
ȻֹۣҲ취
ôʵؾԼҪ֫飬ֻǺòҵһպпաߵģ̨ܹˣԷеӦ
Ը
ʦ֪ˣæȰ˵ðվˣ˵̨˾Ҫ
ֹƨ£ֱòʮֵۡ
Ҹոջɨˣ߮Ǹѧִҵ֤ϴѧҽԺҽԺѧϰûϹ̨൱ʵϰ
ʵϰ߼ϰۻǨִҵʸִ֤ҵص㡣
˸̸ʲôȰЩ
طˡ
ʯϵЦ򲷳˵²̫ʣھ̨ϣεشţԷǻᷢƢġ
ŭ˵ƢܱȾҪ𣿡
̨ŵҲһʯ϶Բֹýʵǵ˰˱Ӵùôˡ
˵߮ʦȥϴѧҽԺĽʯˣھԻʯϸϣϾΪѴҸ취Ŵ˶ֵùͷ
Ѿпǵһˣôȥڲ顣
ʯȻ˵ͨѪƣϾӣԺҪȦģߵĴжˣ㻹ƨŶ
֣Ψһܽİ취Ƚ֫ˡ
ʯϻ˵ţΰ˳ȻڻʯϵĶԵ˼䡣
ʯϵɫһ䣬Ȼʵʲô
иѣҪвָг޲Ҳѣʮָӡ
Ǳ˵ؿڵļѵΪ߹ǵڵòǺΰӲͷƤ
һˣȫǸεƺθˣܻܲ
ֻʯһ˵ľ
ûʯϵѹʱܴͷϵϸ
ʯ϶Բ˵֣Ѿܵʱˣ֫飬ҪϽУ
ڲ˵䣬ƽȣٵȥ
֫ˣסĻôأڽ֫Ҫдط˲һϣʯϽ˵ţǳصȥ㿴ˡ
ȻĻʱûˡ
˿ȻⲻԸҲֻε̾һ
ȭͷݺݵشһҼͨڵӣõѵһ£ȭͷͨ졣
Ȼкݺݵץץͷ˵ȱס˵ɡ
ȻľǼΪΪѵģ˺ܴľĵģ
֫

Ǹѡ棬ȴҪѡ
̨ϵĲ֣սѵĺ󱲣˳µؼ̳׷ľŵˡ
ʯں޲ðǸ߮񾭲
ȻʯڵİҽԺҲǡ
ڻʯϡ˵õ˲֪ͬ󣬱ֱ﷽ϣ㿴Ϻ˿̼Ҵҵ˳Ķǧʢ
ȻǧʢϺǰЩżʣΣôģ
ʵ˴𰸡
Ϻ̾һ֫ϺֵûУˣ׼ɣͬʱ̨
ǿƹҹֵϺ顣
ֵɳ˶൱Ҫʱ̨뼱׼
ͨļһҼɣ⡣
˫֫֫Ҳ˫֫֫ѣҪϺͶǧʢͬʱ̨ûʲô⣬Զ϶Ҫһְæ
Ϊ֫Ǽ򵥵ذȾͿԣҪѪܡ񾭡֯ɵȹһ˿϶㲻
ǧʢԤƵģתһȦϺ˵Σģƴ˵绰˵Ǽ˸Թ۵Ĳˡ
Ҫ̨˶ںͲ˸ǰ̸
̨֪ҹȥ㣿ƽ֫ȿ̨߽֫ȥ
֫Ļôǧʢǲô˵Ҫ;˵ġ
ֻ֫Ǹ򵥵IIܳɡɳ˶û̫ļ
ǣһ̨ԹȴҪȥһ֪ʲô
绰֫ɣ֫ķѵʱ䲻ܶ࣬ƽʱֵѾˡ
ִȥɣ˳ٽи
ԹûҲǲеġϺţȻ㳯ҵķȥˣǲ뵢ʱ䡣
ÿļԼǰź͹滮ãȴԼ顣
챾˵ֻ̨ϺڵǹģϺһǧʢһױ࣬һҲˡ
ֻܽƣȥһ¼ˡ
ɳ˶ֵ࣬ܶ
ǧʢ͵ͷƴ绰ȥˣһ绰˵֣Ȱæƺһ£߿̨׼֮ٽ
Ȼǳƺð
òɳ˶ֵ߲Ӷȥ˹һƣĻƨƨӦº󣬾ذ̧ˡ
Ϊǽ֫Ϊ֫ԶˣϸϽ
ʮҪæ
ģԹǿƵΧϺû̧ȣɿֽ󣬱ҲĶˡ

ͬʱҵĸ߮ںͶͨŵ绰
߮ϸظֽľ֮
־͵߮磬ɡ
ҽԺʺڵǶְ켣˶Ϻꡣ
ġ
߮أû£ʦҾʵС
Ҹպ߽ȥҵﲻҰ裬ǵı顢ɫһֱҵת
ҿҲòˡ
ǿҰ谡
Ұ谡
ұԾҰֵġҰֱǿԲġ߮˿ǽŵ绰һͷĶ˵
˵ʵ⻰Ȼۣ
վ޷ȫȥᣬ߮統꿴ԼĸԼ̨ϣͬʱԼĸΪԼѡҲûܾȹ
ᾭЩʲô϶ܣǳܡ
δ£ĪȰƣ
һӣТĸ֡
˭˵أ
־Ȱҽ߲ҽҽҽ
߮磬ǽʯѳˣͲ̨ģⲢ㡣
֮£˻ò˵վ̨ϣԼĸĲٵ£
Լ泣ѹ̫ˣǿҶ˽֣
ϲãƫ棡
֡
ϴѧҽԺһ
ϵǿԣʵ໥֮ľʮּҡ
˵һƺڿƣҪѹøĻһõĻôѪһ飬Ƿġ
泣̫ܵˣǿߵȫǰ壬ǰ˵Ҳ֡
ʯŲۿ׷ûҵʵˣץֵѧȥ
TNĲҪ
ǰֻû˵ڣ֮ͽʯˮˮҲˡ
ֻǽ죬ʯȻûģƵػҪ߮硣
İѶˡ
Ƚ߮ߵ󣬾ҪȥǱߵĽʯ
˺˺ˡ
֮߮Բ̨ԼΪصͽ֮ҪֵѧһʯС
ǲֺ̨߮߮ڣ߮Ҫѧ£
ֵʵϣ߮߳һĽģ
Ľ̫ѽˣ
ٶû취⿪
ֻ߮Լ⣬ʵϣ߮ոֱӿ˷Ǹħ߽ȥ
ˡ
棬֮߮󣬲ûлضֵĻһ䣺ʦǲκʱɱ˶İ
⻰ڳϵоԼȫ񾭶͵سһ£
ƺԿʣȫȻƵġ
߮ǶΪӵͽܣֶ߮˽⣬Ƿǳġ
߮粻̣ơ
żǺȵƵģǿƵļʦϣ߮Ǵκȵ⣬öǺεȻϲ
ɣ߮ĸĸΪƼײ˺
߮㷢Ҳơ
ˡ
ֻǣǾƼײˣ֤˵ȵʵ֪࣬ô˸ʷ
˲ͷƤе㷢顪
Ϊ֮߮˾ʱʱһϴѧҽԺѯ
ǰǵһ
߮˲֪ٴΣҲΪ⡣
Լ߮ʱ״̬һֱġ
ǣ
ٴ뵽һֿԡ
߮ڹǰôĻ
Ӧ
ĸ̨ϣԼǸ͹ʵ
߮磬ʲô
ִ˿̵ͷƤýҸ㣬㲻Ҫ·
ĸĸ֪˿̵뷨Ŀ
Ŀ
߮
Ǻܴģֲδʶܱȵ߮ġ
Ҫȥ̵Ļһҽѧһ飬ȥо񲡵׸ǸʲôӵĻƵĽڶδֵܷǼװġ
ҹڷߣɱ˷Ż𡭡
ңԶİֻС˵ĻͳͻȻͱŵ
߮ʦҾ˵˵
Լǿ϶ɵµġҰֻϣҺúûţĵĻš
һ㣬κζҪҪ
Լʮġ
ִ˿̲ȷ߮絽ǲˡ
Ҳȥȷ
磬źͷ֮䣬ֻһ֮
߮ͬѧеĳƺţǡӡŵıơ
߮᲻ƺŵ棬ǾͲö֪ˡ
ңע߮ÿһ仰Լǿ϶ɵµġ
Ǳأ
߮ʲô
ֻδػ߮˵ʦȱ˰ɣѾˡ
ȥҸĵطһ
ֻǲģҪȥĵطλҺܿ͵
Ҷ˵绰֮
߾ʮֽȻߴŴĳʦܼܲӿٶȡ
ʱǽӽ°ĵ㣬ظҽԺȥϵĶתߣµҪ
ʦ˵ϰ壬Ҳ찡ǿһţǾͳ߲ˡ
ֵȹϵϣҲֻܾŹǰ
еڣ֪ˡ
߮簡

ܳ˸ϵҵʱ
ҫѾ֫ˣϺҲǰĶ˫־Żߵȡ
ΪߵΪ׳ʵһ˫ȵᡣ
ǰƵȿֿƣûоôǿȵ̧ȶɫЩԲǿ֧š
ܳɼ״ȴһ˫޾ףʻҪһֻȣûϿֻ塣
ֱӺϺһϴˣ;˵Щʲô
Ϻǳϧ˵߮ʵа취ɲ˵ı֫Ը̨ʱƾø⣬߮ȥSVSѧᡣ
ҲͻȻˡ
ƱתͷϺΣҲ˵ˣʵǿԱ֫ģֻû˸
Ϻɨһۣ죺ƣʲôɱ֦
˱Ϊ⣬Ҳ⡣
ȻϺ֪ƵͷҲΪСԼ˶СƣǣǹǿƵˣҪȥѪƵ飬һϵĻϺǾԲġ
ƸϽ͵ǣΣҾͺһʡȻóȻȥ֫ġ
ԼֲѪƵоȻζ˵Ҫ֫ǿ϶ġⷽ涮еˡ
ȻֵΣܳɣѾõIIȨޣ֫ڵIĮ֣ûϵɣҲᵢ˵Ĳ顣
أ
֫򵥣IIܳҪIIIȨҪһII׵ġII־ȥš
ܳɵȥۡܶһ̨һ̨
Ĳ˲ܳɵģҲǲ̶ģϾȨҲҪѧϰ
û£ȻȰѶ˾ͺˡҪľҪѪ˵µʧѪ⡣Ϻص㡣
ܳɻIIҾȥҽҪģȻҲܳɵ
֫ѣ֫ѡ
ҪĵطǶദˣʧѪأֹѪѪڳǹؼ
ֹֻѪ˺󣬶ڵѪҺ̵н֫Ļô֫ļȶ𽥻ʱܽȲļȣҲҪúܡ
ԣʩչ֫ʵԷֳ
ֹѪձ
Ȼ֫
֫Сʱ֮ûϵʲô
ãƺϺ߽ʱ
Ϳҫ˸Դ˫֫ɴʼ¶Ŷ
ǵĿĺϺһ޶
ֹѪֹѪ֮̨ˡ֫飬ҫɾͺá
һƹ֫Ƕƹ֫
ƺϺûȥʲôֻǷԸܳɺ˸Ͻȥϴ֣Ȼ̨æ
ܳɵͷ˵뿪Լλú󣬲ȥƽŴߵ
ϸһֱ˸ϡӵıԵ룬Ӧû޲ġ
ճͻسĿӱԵҲ룬ߣûк̵ܲͱ˵Ӻ󣬽һ¡
ô˵ĻǿѾˡ
ˣǻɢΪ̱ǵζ
ˣζġ
ܳɶüͷ
ܳϴ߽ʱ򣬾ͿϺѾڽаһ֫ĹɶˣһƵĸѾֳ֧飬ֱʼҶֹѪ
ΪҪ֫˿ֱҵŶɶɡ
ܳɻ޾£߻εһȦ
ƾתܳɣһ࣬ɶֻ̽Ǽ򵥵IIǽ֫һ֣ӦòѰɣ
ܳɵ˵ͷϺ
ɶֻ̽IIҲǽ֫ɲ֣ȻѣܳӵȼĽʾ飬žˡ
Ǹ򵥵úˣ˿С
Ϻ͵һǱߵĹɶ̽ɣǵҪСĵ㡣ҵƿںҪ׼ݵذѹɶĽ˸ѹס
ѪͬˮܣֲȫͬˮܣͬǶͨҺ塣
֮ͬǣˮܿѪһ㶼˵ġ
ˮƿˣܹȰˮͣȻȥҿӣѪܲУѪѪҺֹܿ࣬ͣ˾ûˡ
ҪܿҵѪܵĽĶˣȻѹסƳѪ
ܳõII飬˶֪ģҲû˵ʲôֻЩĽؿܳɡ
ǰ˵ܳɸ磬ѹסɡ
ܳɵͷ
Ȼ˺ɴͬʱȴ˸ƽһ󣬱ѹȥ
ѪΰѹֹѪ
ɽѧ֪ʶȻȻģ̫ļܡ
ͽְѹֹѪеӦãһΣͬ
˰ѶƿڵĸĶѹס󣬱Ժ̶ܴȵؼٳѪ
ΪѪѹߣټܳɵİѹܳɽҿɴ֮Ѫܶ࣡
ȻܳɾȻϺ֮ǰͰѹɶĽĶ˸ץסˡ
˿ߣ
ֱץʽ͸ɴͳɶһءĴָʳָס
Ȼ󻻳ɱڰѹŸɹλõֵĴָʳָ
һᣬ̰ǰ׼õ˿߿ٵؾѪһȦסɰ󣨲οϵЬЬ
Űѹɶ£΢˵ѪܲжˣûѪ㳤һ
˵ɿҿûطĳѪ
ϺüͷʱһܳɾȻǰ֮Ķ΢΢ӿ˼֡
ɾôëļ֣ȴϺûü׽סжˣ
ʱ㿪ʼڳѪ
ϸߣ
Ȼ£һֱָ䵽Ϻ۾Ƭϡ
ܳǱ߻ѪܿӣĻԽֱ̨Ĵָʳָָָأץס˶ԲĹɶжˡ
νǣȡ׼ݣ
Ѫֹס
ȥѪ˿ȴ£ҵ漰ͷϼϡ
ˣ˶ֻǿϺһۣûٳѪ֮
δ߿ǶԴһĻؼʼˡ
бѪʲôֻҪ˲ϣûʲôȾĻ
ҽеĶ
ϺȻôƵˣ˼ȻѲأժ۾
ƬѾģҵ˿еѪҺڣںһƬסϺߡ
Ϻ۾ժ߽֮ҲΣֻǶЩؽӹܳסĶˣȻʼ
ﰵֱǵ˴ù
ȻûɹһƵҫȴǶһۣӶ￴˳Ц
ϺȻ᷸ĴҲ֪ôģ
δȥ
֫ɶ֫ŶСһֱסҸѼҶԵط
Ϻѽϸ˿ߺ󣬲ؿԼܳɡ
ֻ֣һ򲻼Ϳ˿ܳɰ˿ڴ򿪺󣬱¶ɶ˴ڡ桯ԱߵĹ񾭺ͰеĹɾ
ʵڼûˡ
ַֻϺɶС
MLGBģأⷭȥġ
ֻʱϺֿܳѪǯǳɾһģ֪һˣƺִ˿ͳڲĴڽ˿ڵѹȺѪҺð
ܳɾ˵ѪƵķ𣿿
УѲػʿϻشȻ֪ĸƵĸҪģֻȥƽϡ
ϺԶʱһܳɡ
׼֫İѪܷʲô
ȻҲ˹һƵꡣ
ܳɾ˵ΣҾÿ԰ѽ֫ƽ΢¸㣬Ժװ֫һЩĶƿڲ󣬿Էһ¡
Ȼǽ֫٣ض٣Ҳȫһġ
Ӵȸ֫ǽ֫״֫Ҳǽ֫ǹܱĳ̶ȣҲȫһ
Ϻԣе
ҲͲ˵ʲôˣǰܳ˸Ĵָ
֫ȻпᣬܶͶҲΪ˻ߺãģҲЩˡ
ǿƵ˶̫ͨѪƵѪƽѪܵ⣬ôǿƾֻܾжˣֲˡ
ܳõѪܷߺ󣬺ܿȰѴֻһСӣòŶֲ֫ѪܷϷܿذѴˡ
ɶҲˡ
ϺܳɵĻﰵһɬܳû⻰ôĴʹ˵ĵط֫ˣҴֱܳôһ
ϺΪΣ˼˵߱ܳǱ߽֫ķΧҪһЩҲҪѪܷߣȻͿʼ
ֻǣϺ꣬Ҫܳڸʲôʱ
Ȼ˸̫Ծĵط
Ϊܳڻߵֺ󶯵ӣ
Ҷ
ڸأ
ܳԹԵԲƤȻûü⵶룬ѪǯԼһģƿ˼㣬ֱֺȥ
һ֮󣬼⵶ֺѪܱڣһСָСѪ˨Ѫǻڣͬܲһذ˳·һɫ
ԣܳɴӹɶζ֧ҵĶ˨ӣ
пȡ˨
ϺƵɫһ䣬ҫ˵ı飬Ҳе㲻̫Ȼ
ܳпȡ˨ô֪Ѫ˨İ
ǵһ㡣
ڶǣܳѱ֫ķΧ㵽ϥؽµĻô찡
ϥؽϣؽϽ֫
ⲻ˵Լ˱ܳɻ
ǣ֫ôأǻܳڸĶ
ᡣ
ϺܺڣΪʲôҪҺΪʲôҪܳɴ
ܳɷϺƶڿ
ɶпȡ˨IIһ֧ܳɻĻᣡ
Ȩ棬пȡ˨ȨΧڹǿƷҲеġ
һʣᶯпȡ˨ģ
ⲻʣڿ϶
ܳڷȡѪ˨ֺпĲλͷȻػصǵģʦõIIȨ޺󣬾ȥƵѧ
пȡ˨ҹ2011ּбǿƷIIеĵ22
ҾԼпܻȥƵѧˡ
ܳ⻰Ȼ˵ǺֱףҲֱӣоݡ
ίԱᣬ껹֣Ĺٷļݸ˳
ڼ˵ˡ
֨
ܳɽʱ򣬾˺üЬĦĴ̶
׵ɣ
ȷϺ⧲
ļûȥ
õIIȨ޺ԾȥIIбȥһѧ˰
ô
ʵ֡
ֻǣ֪ô˵

ϺǼͬļһ㣬ʵģͬʱʼ鴤
Ҫô鴤Ҫô飬ǳ뻮һ
Ƶһû̫վȡ
ܳ˵
ԼɣֳϽ
ȻͿϺƳ˻ʯϣгŹ͸ӡ
磬ҪǲǿƵ
ʯǾý϶Լĩգһѵù²ҪǮһش
Ȼ;һ߮ǿҽ䵱˰ӵľɫ
ǿоܾ
ڻܳһССĹǿҽ
Үҽ쵽Ǻķ˳尡
ǸϵƵѧģһˡ
˼һʯûϵƵѧҲŲ᣿
ȻܳɾͼһĲˣȰѶĿӷ
Ȼͷſ˿ߣͿֺʼӯûѪҺ֮
˫˳ֺδ¸ܶ
ɶǴϵ£ֺӺȥ
ˣܳɵ֣һֱ̽㱳֮Լһ
Ȼ󲻸ŵ֮󣬻һΡ
Ҳܵ㱳Ĳ
ܳɱ㿪ʼС˵ʦʵֻ㡣
㱳Ѿв
⻹ܽ֫𣿡ܳơ
ˣ۲ûͷȥ
NMB


һʮ ʵûеôҪ
ġ
⣬Լ¶ŶٶȱϺˣŶҫ裬ҲǲɫؿϺһۡ
һ߼ӿ춯һ룬Ϻˮƽȥελô򵥵Ľ֫ĥĥġ
Ķˣ
֫ѾڽйС
֮ǰٶȸЩֹѪѾɴϣ
ЩؾԼȻþò֫ڵˮƽʵҲû£
Լס˵Լ˳ſֲʽѧġ
֫Ҫ֫ģΪѧߣﾡ
Ҳ÷ϰҽԺĿǰ׼ȡĽѧҽԺ
ھˣæпˮȻ̧ͷɫػܣżܳȵķȥ
֫˼壬Ŀľǰ֫ضϡ
䶨ǣġġز䡢ʹк֫壬ȫöаܵ֫سƴʩ
Ŀƣ
֫ȻɲмʲӦá
֫ʱӦΪװ֫ǡ
֫ĿƣϸӦ
֫ҪѪˣ޸ʱ֫ȱѪس仵رգΣߡ
֫ҪѪܵļѪ˨ס򲡡Ѫ˨ȣ֫廵ָؽ֫Ѫߡ
ȵȡΪʡӦų
Ȼ֫ȻΪҲҪġ
ڽ֫ʱӦþѡʵĳȣ
㲿֫ӦŹǣӦھ۹ؽڣ㹻ţڶԿە´ء
С1/3Ѫ˲϶˲ܸأһ㲻ѡΪ֫λ
С1/3紦Ѫ˺ã֯ϷḻѡΪСȽ֫λ֫ӦֹǴ¡10cmС̫ڿƼ֫
Ƚ֫֫֫Ӧ֫塣
ǽ֫ӦеģѪ˨
Ѫ˨ˮʯͷѹסˣ¿ѹԶûѪ
൱жԶϸ֯ѪԴ
ˣˮԴҲܹɻȥ취Ūˮ
֫ϵϸ֯Ǽȶģǲƶģֻܵ
֫һּΪӣǣѧƽ϶
ϸϣһڹڹ̶
Ҫ֫ҲӦҲᣬҪ֤ľѪҺӦ
ͺñǵˮܹȥˮܣʲôطˣȻóɡ
ǣУΪǰ飬֪
ԼǻʯϵΣҲұ֤˵Լܹʵʩ֫Ѫ˨ȡ
ܳҲᱣ֫
һʵܳȴIIĽ֫Ͷпȡ˨
˽֫ȻҪ˽֫Ӧעġ
Ľ֫ΧǴвϣΪ˾ߵĹܣܳɾͰѪܾ졣ౣһ֫壬ܹûߵĹܶౣһЩ
ܳɲѪϸϵѪ˨ȡҲûǰļ飬ֵֻܹͨĴĽѧ֪ʶ
ڷſ˽Ĺɶȥܣסˡ
һżҪǳʵĽѧ֪ʶ֧ܹҵѪܵΣȥѪܵĴ
ܹܳζпȡ˨˴ȵ²Ȼ̰һ㣬СȵֺѪ˨ȡ֮ķ֣
㱳ͨˣ
֪Ǻˡ
ΪܳɱĿǱŽ֫ȥģֻ㡣
ϲֳ
ƴ˿̺޲ðܳ
бɨɨϺ˿̵ı齩Ӳ۽ǳ鴤ƤƳֱߵļ⵶ƺܳôһ£Ͽܳɣӡ
ȿ˵
Ʊȥ̽㱳
ѪǷֱͨӣٷļCTAѪǷͨ
ǰһߣȻ׼ļˡ
Ҳм򵥵ļ顣
ҲȥԶ˶Ĳ
ĶϸһɵģǾԶ˶֤Ѫͨġ
ĻȥԶˡ
ƺܿؾʹ㱳ϣȻָܵ˶΢
ǿ
Ҳǿˣ˱ͿݿˣҪжǿ
ֻǣ˵֮⣬ƻһֱָӵķʽ֤
ѲأעѲػʿҪе
ѪǷͨǽ֫ǷҪͣĹؼأˣܵƾŴȥĲ²⡣
ôһУϺꡢҫ˰Ķͣ
ȻܳǱߣɫһ粻
Ҳҫˣǵӣǵıᡣ
ҫǾμˡ
ҲѾͣؿʼ׼˽֫ѾһżŶͷ
֫Ľ֫ˣԼ궪ϺһˣıӰġ
ɣ
⣡
ⲻһ룬Լǿȥ
ã
ֻǲһļ⣬ֲȻĻ
Цɾִˡ
Ͷе죬ûš
ܳ¼ٶҪ죿
ʵΪûӵġ
ãܳɺܿ졣
ڶǾҡ
ܳ¼ҽӦرǵչҪĻ
Լ˰ѽ֫ˣܳɵȻڣ
ıһ
ӣ
ǲǰסô
ʱôŪ
겻֪飬ûзڴ֮ǰͷˡ
ꡢҫ衢Ϻ˵񲻶ϵƺܳƳϺе㲻ܳİѪܸͨˣȥ
͡
͡
֫Զ˵Ѫܲ϶ಫʹôҵģֻܹܵ΢Ĳ
Ĵڣġ
ܿ죬עϵ̨
ưͷֱܳŽָͷһһ룬Ȼ󾲹
עԶѪǲ֤Ѫ˴ڵ֤֮һ
򵥾Чְֻ취ٴУ̫á
ȻĻһ˾ô£ֱӣɾˣ˾ʹױ
ֻ̨ϡ
ǿƵһȺ˶Žֺֺͷ
ѪҺûô죬ӣų˺СһΣϱƵģҪ棬Щߡ
˼ˣǴػһ
˾ͺã˾ͺá
ߵѪѹͺܵͣұؾͻȹҪ٣ָܷԶһѾΪˡ
ֻҪͨ΢еӪ֫ܲ
Ͳȥˡ
˨˵ģֻ֫ľ۸ӣӦòȫסҴ͵ĻϵͳףˣڵѪ˨ȫĸػѪ˨ڵ
ڵѪ˨ڱ֫У֮أ
Ϻһ󣬰λϾ˳ȻΣǿ˵ܳɣλðɣߡ
ʵ˼ǣܳɣȵı֫ոȵ¹
µģֻǷϣЩˡ
ǵģѪܷһҪȻĻѪ˨ˣȻѪ׾ˣܹʱѪҺͬʱַЧǷá
Ϻôһ죬ܳҲͲˡ
֮ǰ֮ôƣܳûв벡˵̸µԼˣмܵΡ
ϾܳҲ֪ϺͲ˼̸û̸֫
Ӧǣ̨ܹ֫ⲡ˼ԸܵġңҲ÷ҽƹеĲ˺ԭ
֫Ҳ˺ƣǣܹڱ֫²֫ǿʱȥ벡˼ͨġ
ܳɱ˵ͷ˵õģΡ
ȻߵƵĶ档
ؿܳɣͻȻܳɣһεİ
ҫϻͷѲػʿ˵ü
϶Ϊ˱ݾŶͷż
֧֧ص磬ҲǼ

ᱣ֫ܳվλ֮˲ƣܳɡ
ʵҫĻ˲е׾ˡ
⣬Ϻ˲̽̽䡣
⣬ûʯϸΡ
Ѫ˨˵ѪƵ⣬ѪƵӵĿûֱǿƵ˴ˣȻû˶
ǾΰԼͶĿ⣬ûʯһ˵ĳС
ˣ
֫Ŷô
ǿ϶Ҳôء
ҽԺûרŵѪƣʵͷּҳȥˡ

ܳʶҡͷ
֫ż΢еߣûӴǶֲ֫ǵǻᡣ
ϾͿ˵Ĺѹʵ˵᲻ҪѧͲһһס
治ᡣܳı֫ǾϵͳԵѧϰǶԴо㡣
Ҹովֻܹٽ֫ܶͶ㡣
ܳĿϡ
ҲֻεؿЦڵٿɣߵѪ˨ܲȡ
ǵģƲ֪˵ˡ
ܳɽģģȫûë
ѪǱ֫ôǡ
пȡ˨Ǳ֫ôҲȫǡ
ǾֻܳɻII
ܳô˵ģƴ˿̺һIIGMBѽ
Ǳ֫˺òã
֫һϽһѧʣֻҪܹɱ֫ĿĵģԳΪ֫
Ȼ⻰˵̨֮˵

ܳҲͲˣҲǸոճͷƵ֣ȻȻҪõĶöࡣ
ңƻܹܳ̽·˰ֻܳҪɿ˽ĹɶƱܰܳж
ܳظ֮ǰ׽󷨡
ԲƤѪǯԴƼ϶ֱѪδѪ˨¡֮󣬱̻ӵп
ȡѪ˨֮ٷȻɿѪܡ

Ȼ൱ӵģǸⷱ
ô˼·棡
Ҳ֪ǲϺߵѪ˨ЩܳһĸӣŰ㱳Ѫ˨ͨ
ǼôעͷѪˡ
ʣ
һܳɺƶ˱֫ı֫Ȼһһʼ
״ʱеܡ
պòŰѼ꣬棬ͬ˦Ϻ߰ӰҫǷϼ㶣֪Դ
Ͼһƺ͹ǶǷֿ˵ģ
һƲ֫ĹۣǶҲ֫Ĺۡ
͵͵֫ģϺ֪˵ģһֱ̬ȾǣΪҵ֫ȹǶúá
һƱȹǶҪܶ࣬ҲŹһƵˮƽȹǶƸߡ
ֻڣ
òƣƺܳûҪԼҫæ˼
ɤӣЦŶƵСޣҪҺСܣλãϣ֫Ѫ˨ȡó
֫ˣ֫أ֫סˣ֫ˡ

ѶȻǿнͣÿҵ֢״˳̶Ȳһ͵ùȥ˾Ҳ£Ҫ治ÿ
䵱Ų˼治ÿȰϺҲԼˡ
û˵ʲôֻǿ˹ǶƵΣϺ
ϺǸûκԥؾƣܳɣȥ֫һϡ
ãƵ˵ͷ
ӦеΪѵؿܳɣ֫˽ô
⻰ʱ׼Ųҫ˫һ飡
ŵȶˣ
군
ѽ
Լôˣ
ܳס㣬סתģǿƵסҪôһƣҪôǶơ
ܳһֱڹǶƵġ
Ƕ֫˷
һ֫˷
Ҫ˵˵һģûֻǣλòһǽξͲһ
˭ҪǸ˵֫֫ȫһԻᱻȥ
֫ļ֫ļһ
ѪΣԣ
ܳõ
ܳԣбۿ˿ƣҲûŪ˵һԡ
ԣһҫ裬ȥ죬ҺСһ֫
겻ģҲֻܷſܳ֫
ſû취
ҫǱͷֻﰵԷ
ڴܳɰһҪᰡȻĻʱ˼鷳϶ǽӴˡ
ҪΪʲô֫סˣ֫ûס
ܴҽ϶˵֪Σ˵ȥʰɣѾͺܶˡ
ҫȥ
ƸԼò

꿴ܳɷǳɾͳŶ֮󣬱
ﰵ
п֣пŵ
ȻŶϱ۴ûз֧Ҫô׵ؽŶҳɲ׵ġŶûз֧û
ɧ
ת
ȥģܱܳ׼ȷҳܳɴӣԽʵ⹦ף൱ʵġ
ڣ궼Լܶܳôɴ䡣
ֻܼϣܳˡ
ȻϺǱѾˣҲ̫ܳߣܵһѹ
ؿܳɸⷱѪܣѪܣȻĲ
ͬˮߵĹԼܳɶͷϵϸҲеˣתһ£Ѳأܳɲһº
ѲػʿŸϽæ
ʯϴ˿Ҳ̧ͷ崴Ҷгɻûȫģܳߣ֫ˡ
˿ʱ䣬һСʱ
ҲΪܳɡ
һܳɵٶȣľҵ
ͣ㰡ͣ㰡
ָ֫Ѫ֮ʱѾ࣬ӽߵӡ
ҲеĲ̵Ȱ˵Сܣ΢㡣˵ĻϢһ¶ûϵѾס֫ˡ
̧ܳͷ˵Σǻǰֱɡ
ʦ۲ۣҪҪЪ
ҡͷЦʲôǰʱһ̨ʮСʱ
⻰ʣʲôʮСʱ
ƾ˵гؽ
굱ʱͣԼһ£ԼΪʲôҪǷ
ķʽûס
ŶҲøӦ
Ʊܳɻ˸λãȻһ̨
ͬʱϺһ˵꣬ڻ˫֫ѪȻãҿ΢ĵȥرڴ֫Ľˡ
⻰æ˵GȵȣҺһȥ
ߣҲƽ˵ļҲʹˣȥϢ˸ɣϺһߡ
ңʣΣǿܳɣЩ˼
ϺͷͻȻ߮硣
ȻҲôðɣһֱôõġǿһǿĸɽ
ϺǰƷˡ
ͬʱǰдĦѱƸ£ǲһ
ûϺ뷨ֻЦЦǰɣ̶Ҳô˵ġɨһ£ܳɣƽʱǸʲô˰
иֶŮ㾹Ȼʼòܳô
ưҲǾܳԺǰ;
ͰϺסˣΪ֮ǰûôעܳɣ֪Щ
ص̫аɣҲûСҾеĿԸЩ
ϾǿܳɵСӣǻܴġ
Сʡֵ˼
ˣܳɰϺѹͲ죬ԼǵȥͲ̶ɨ
ʵǰһʱ䣬㿴ܳɾȻܹϴѧҽԺĸԵֵʱ򣬾˼ֻһֱš

԰
߮˼ƯţҲû˼֣û˼٣ֻд˸
Լ˵¡
߮ܿ͵Լʦֽڡ
ּ߮󣬱ЦЦ㻹ҵطµġ
طʵû˵ơ
߮˵ʦǿһ˼˴ġʦôһˣڣöˡ
־߮Щ˾У˻һľһʵҪ
ʵǲǻķʽع鵽ȻЩ޻лѻһ𡣡
ʵǽ֧һӵʶôһʱ䡣
Ǹʱ䣬ȥѰҿ֣Ǿһһ
ΪڣĶ̫࣬رҽϲǼֱ̫ˡҳ̣ϵɼܣĸТТʶˡ
òǰТӡ
ȻҲᣬֻһֱԼᣬ̫ˣе㲻̫ʺ߮͵ˡ
ͣ͸緢Լһһӡ
Ϊܹ߮߳ǰһɳߣһЩǰϰĻţҲҪħҪõöࡣ
ʦİ߮Ϳ˶֣ЦŻصʾĵ
˵ˣ˭УʶͿǱҪߵһġҲӲ
˵㶼Ҫ̾񲡵ȥɱˣһ㽲һǾΪʱ̫˰
ʦߣԴҵҲ
߮˵ǰ˭Ӳ
ʦ˵Ļ޵ʶ̬У˼άôı䣬ǵȻͻعȻʹС
϶Ҳһ
ΪͬԿֵҲһ
ǰһֱΪ뿪ҽѧҾͻ֣ȥٵĻѧҽſܹ֡
Ȱѧҽ
ѧҽĺܿ࣬ϣҪô࣬ǰҪѧҽġ
߮˵һֱôΪġ
ֱ죬ҷ֣ӵġϲдһ㲢٣ҲϣչߣҲܡ
ʵֻҵİáȴҵ롣
߮ǳ̹ϵضԶ˵һ̣ʦҾе㶮ˡ
ҵİдϲģʵǵһҽӱģһӦȥҡֻҽȥˣҾֻӳ
߮˿˺ܶ࣬ԿԷǳȻ˵һС
磬ˣҲ˵û˻߮ľǡ
ҲĸȻȥҲܹǡ
̵ĸܵˣĸڣĸʣֻʣ;
Ȼˡ
ο߮ģΪһأ
е㸴ӣ˵߮磬ʵϲͰãû̫Ĳͬ
ڵϲҲֻǽİáϲ϶ֺڲһ
ͱ磬ϲҲöˣ𣿡
Թ˵ݣ߮˵
ʵϲҽѧδؾҪ뵽棬ϲ롣
кܶ·
Уȥڿơ

ȥ̣һʦȦ֮ڣ롣
ҽѧֻβˣĿĶΪ˾ˡҿкͽѧܹȸˣֶΪˣ
ʵʦңǿԸܶѡġ
ȥԺʦʵĸˣȥϵڿƵĽڸĿƣȥ﹫˾з
ЩģңЩҵҲܹڵİãʱдС˵鰡ȥΰȵҽõöࡣ
ּҽְҵĻʵΪֵġ
˶˵ҽԽԽ㣬˻׬Ǯ
ҾãҽϲǮ˻Ҫ׬Ǯ
ôΰ
߮ЦЦҲ˶ֵ˼߮ȴ˵ʦٿɣҲûãҾذԼʮҪ飬ˡ
ҿԼܲţһɡ
֪߮ϣܹصǿƵҽġ
ԼҲ룬ǣجΣԼԼİɱˣ
ĺһ
ҲǶԲ˸
ҽȽɲ

ȰԼʦ֮
߮һȻдԼ顣
ռǱռǱֱͬİڼв
·̣Ӵѧʼġ
ıʼǱѾкöˣֻǣѾ̫ûзˡ
죬߮ȴһΰ˳
дܴħֻħ
ܹħģֻȥħ
ģӦô
ǸöһѹȥһѪƵˡ
֣裿
Ը⵱ҵħô
һ᲻ᣬ١˺һΣ
һúûŵģģ֣Ŀôŵģҡ
߮硣
д֮߮Ŀʮּᶨأ˫
Ȼ򳵣ֱȥ˰ҽԺ
صſ³֮߮ľţңȻɫЬϴַ
ţ
߮ǿ˷ſ־壬һһһȥԼ֮ǰſڣҽȥ䡣
ԽԽ
߮Լڼ٣񾭺ܽţ֫ļⶼڲͣ˲
е䣬ңһµĺڶһ㣬Լɡ
ǣһɾҵٻ߮磬ȥ
ڣ֪˶á
߮ߵſڡ
վס
ʼûȿӦŵһ
ڼ˺ôûԽܵĵز
߮ʱ˿û˵ġ
Ϊ
ܣ֫˰ɡ
ֲ֪˶ãڣѲػʿ˳ıͽŲҴңܡ
ײ߮ŵһ
Ȼ˾䣺ʲôſڡ
ֻһȻˡ̫æˣҪС
ҵƿӰƺҫۣĿеĹ߶£̨ϡ
߮ſһ̣Ͱ۾ˡ
Ȼһֱû
žֹˡ
ֱǸѲػʿٴƳ߮һεסʱŵGһ£㵲ſʲô
Ͻÿ߸꣬Ҫ͸ˡ
߮⻰ԿȻе崻Ƥȴͬװ˵Ƶģ
촽ʣأ֫ˣ
ûѪƵĽĻûֻ֫ܽн֫
ѲػʿһְƵһȥ񿴸񾭲ƵĿ
˽ȥȻ߮Ͷ
ͱ鸴ӡ
λͷ߮˵ǿƵˣû֫
ǹǿƵ𣿡
þˣ
ϽȥϢɣʱҲˣ
ϼ̨ˡ
Ѳػʿضеƣ۾˽ȥ
ҲˣؼȥϢˡ
ֱ߮ɵסˡ
е֮⡣
û֫
߮ϳңȻϡ
ߵ˫ֺ˫ŵѪˣȻѾָˣȻЩ԰ףȱѪ֮ĲҰף
԰׺ͲҰƣȴȫһʵġ
ʯβĸ֮߮󡣱Ҳһӡ
˵ǿƺѪƵˣҪ̨
ϽȥɣҲˡ
ĺۣܸӡ
֮ǰһҪ̨߮ʱ߮粻ڸУ
TNģֱû˭ˡ
һⰡ
߮ЩĿɿڴʣ˭𣿡
ôҲ㡣
˵꣬ʯϵҪʦ˵Լ䣬û˱㣡ʱʦ˭鷳
һǲ㣬˼
Ŀгűӡ
߮ͻȻԳЦЦһ
߮簡߮磬ʵûôҪ
ʵҲá
Ȼת˳ȥ


һʮ ʹ
߮˺ѲػʿԻʯЦЦʣΣǿƵˣʶ
˼ǿƵڽеʱûڶˣܹ
ⲻûȤ
ʯѾβ˳ΰʱѲػʿֻڶǳŪ֮⣬֪η֡
ֻ˵ɲûȤ
ʯϺܹõϴѧҽԺʯڵľټ߮ԲûȤˡ
ûʵ˽ڶʶ㣬˵Ǿټˡ
ֻ߮Ϊ˼άȴ׽͸
ǽ죬Լ߮뵽̨ϣ˱ֵ֫õϺ
Խʯֲ˵ҲûȤɡ
ʱûҪʱֳˣ߮ȷûȤ
ڻҪתһȦ
ѲػʿʯϵĻŪеĪ˵㽲׽ֻǺ²ۣȴա
ڻʯϱϾһҵΣͲö˵ɶˡ

߮뿪ҵʱǳ̹Ȼسһ
˵һҪΣһʶԼƽһǾԼ׺ƽ
ǶԵģҲȫԡ
ܹʶԼʵ޹ؽҪɱҲһɿ飬ûôĸУҲҪܶ
ϵĵӣȻȻܶࡣ
ΪԼĺ£ȥ֫Ļ߮ȻԼûϵվǻ¸С
ȻϣҲϵؾĻ
һ޷ȡʵͬҲһ߳صļ
ʶԼƽԼԱȡԻø⡭
Ϻơܳ˰ѹؼĲ֮ϺͶΣ֫ߣϵ飬Ҽ˸㻹ǣ
ϺȻǲβ
˵ллΣллСܣҲСˡʣµķϣҫġȥϢɣʵˡ
꿴˿ʱ䣬Ѿǽӽ˵룬뵽ܳһ˿Ĵα֫һûһϢۻˡ
ȻΪϺ⻰úܲζϣǸÿҪ
ϺͲˣܳɽ⿪޾µӣȻ׾̨ˡ
ͬʱҲΣڲ˵Ѿ鸴ƽˣһȥ˵ɡ
ΣǱߣҲβ˰ɣʻʯϡ
˿ˣ߻ûˡʯȻǿƵٶȸˣҲֻǰͰذԼúõá
ϸ£ߣٶȿ첻죬Ҫ
ûٶٿ죬ȫǼٵġ

벡˼ͨϼ飬Ҳε顣
ȻϺȥͲ˵ļͨܳɣֱ˸ҡ
һ·ϣƻܳɸп˵Ϊ̨֫û뵽㵽ʱ򡣡
ô˵ǾϺ˲ס첻ǵļ࣬˼ҪæˣҪ
ⲻϹ
ﻹǿĵġ
֫ĿȻΪƣһ
ܹƶҪ֫£˱֫ǼһͻƣҲһֿ֣
ķˡ
ܳɾЦЦ˵ʦҪңҪԷ
ðɣɫһܳһڣ˱˻԰̨֫ǡ
Ϊʵˣֻôݡ
ߣ˵ʲôȥ꣬һҪܳȥƿɲԼ軹סԺֻҪֵ࣬ȥǱ߱ġ
ܳɾ˵ʦҪԵɡʱҲ̫ˣǶϢ
ܳɽģỹûãƳȥˣͲܺúþģˡһģ⣬Ǿһܡ
£ܳеᵽ˼಻ѹĺô
˵ʲôʱõˣһЩͼܣֻǼͶѣһûãĳЩʱһЩͼ໥£ܹ˼ķӦ
е⶯˵ҿǸ͵ĻᰡģٺõĶ԰
˵ʵ챾°ģʹȥԼĸˡ
ĸʱ䣬ۿɼһһ죬ʱ䡣Ŷ
Ӧ˵Լĸ׻Լʱ䣬һһ㣬Ĳˡ
ûϵʦæȥԼͺˡ
ң챾ֵģҺ㶼ˣ֪ʲôءʦȥæɣһؿܳûԼֵ顣
֫֫Ȼ֮ϲܳɵԤϡ
ǣе֮ԿԷһԼְǰ½еģܳɿɲҴ⣡
ãȥֵҽһɣõģһġҸ㱨˵꣬㻻·Ҵ³ȥˡ
ܳǻԼ·󣬱ص˿
Ȼ㿴ɳ˶һظܳɣ˵θſǮԾصһҪһЩϺҪԻؿԡ

ܳɺȥ֮
Ϻǰ䵱˶ݵýݺ󣬲ҵĹͨңٴμ˲ˡ
أЩݣǷ̡
ǽ˱֫Ĳ˵֡
ɫΪأϺ֮
ϊ֚ȫǱţߵϺ˵ǰ
ɫʹ಻ѣҼСǲǲ
֣ˣ壬ˡ
ҲˣҾˣôȥүү
Сôǲ
ϷҾһ˰
ˮ壬˿һİ׷㣬Ϊƣ˶ʹ𣬻
Щȴ˶Ϊ֮ݡ
֮ǰ˵
ûйùã׺壬˸λϣΪ׵ĺš
νһʿ
˿ǿϺ˵λҽҲĸΪϣܹһ¡
Ҵ󲮣ҲǷүүȥ˳Ҳû
ϺվȻ
ⲻֻһʿˣң
Ϻϊ֚ʲôӣϽ˵ϊֳ֚ʰڵ״̬Ѿȶ
Ҳû֫˫ֺ˫ţǶ취סˡ
һָͷû١
ǣָָףεģͰˡϺһ˵һߴ۾
ΣǱĻжˡ
Ϻϣϊ֚˲ֹסȻϺ˫׽
ץסϺָ¶ҪϺֹץһ㣬Ҳ֪ô
˶˫֣˵ҽɱƭ˼ҰҼСţֺͽŶڣ
˵ʱ˲ĭǻеİɫ
Ϻû֣ûϱ˿ˮͷ
˿ҲָһЩǣ˵ʱǾסˣûĻӦǿڴ֫ġʲôʱϸصĥƷ
֫һڴܱܲסκ˶ûаٷ֮ٵİա
Ȼٷ֮ʮϵĿǲý֫ˣҲȫųʣµ
ͱ磬涯˨ˣǾͲø˼̫ڴˡ
͹ˡ
˿̶۾գգ͵ģ۾￪ʼӨ
˵ĻҲǶԵԼսѣˡ
Ҳʱ˼Լеͷų
ϊ֚ҲϺĻ˵һشȥ˾ͺãȥ˾ͺð
ҽģҿÿġ
ҵɷ򣬵ʮûȵҽˡ
ҵСӻҲûȵ
ʮǰʱС꣬ұ裬ҵĺöϱҲûȻ
ʮǰҺСһ⣬һӣҲûȵ
ڣڵȵС͹ˡ͹ˣҲ̰ĵġ
ۣ
϶ҼͷӲĿҾ󣬷ҵˡ
ϊ֚˫ֺʮϵر۾
ȻϺ˿̺˵ûУ֪ҪܳɲڵĻô֫ˡ
ǣҲûȥ˼ĵǶһӡ
Ϻסϸ˵֣Բ˵֣˼ȹȥϢһ£һɡ
Ȼ˻¥ŵICU͵ICUǿԳһʱȥһֻۡʲôʱܹѹĻҪICUҽ֪ͨ
Gõġͷ
ȻԼŵǸˣϊ֚ȥ󣬲̧ͷϺҽΣллǰôǰĸСһ

˵̾һ
ܹĸˣûһ·ûһ
˷֮⣬һŶңȻŹظ˽ȥ
Ϻ֪˿϶Ǿ˵ģĺܽĻ120ҽʦ˾ͽҽԺ
ϺҲֻǸ˵Բ𣬲ֳ
Ѿˣһλͬ־ڽ1737֣Чˡ
ڰ
ҽԺѾ֣ȫʮӡΪ
ҲǰҽԺڿƣڿƣICUƵΣҽƵĿƳԺңȡ
ܱǸǣûܹ漣
ǺҲȥǼҲȵġ
һ۾˵֪ˡû
˵꣬˳ȥ
ֻ⻰֮ϺɫһŲ˲ʮıӰ޿κεض
jieȻ֪ĸjie벷ͬգǹϵǳġ
ǳǷǳ
һӡ
ƶϲˣ
ʱ㻹ܲ

عͷߵʱϺΣǸǲǸֵĶӰ
ϺҡͷȻҲԹϰԣֲɣֻ˵ٿ϶Ǹֶӡ
˲䳤̾һ
ҲǸɾ˰ͷβҽԺĵһ룬еĻֻ뷽йءһֶûһӵ¶
Ϻпһ£Ȼ˵ǰ
ֶӣǶӡܹסôãһֲᡣ
ʲôԭ֣ﶼеڵġ
ֻ˵
Ͳ˵ˣֻǴҴҸϻңҪٸһεʣӽ㣬ؼʱӣΪңٳʲôë

һУܳɲ֪ġ
ܳɿɳ˶˺öտ󣬱Ȱ˵˷磬ôණԲ˰ɣ
ɳ˶ֹԣʦжεȻκ˵ȻҲһԡ͵ҹˡ
մˡɳ˶Цŵ
ܳΪȻҲҹ
Ҳ֪Ϊʲôʦôġ
ô߰˸ˡŶˣʦ
ܳɾæʦ»ȥˣ㣬ȻȻԲҲ˷ˡ
ܳɿ˿ĵۣλˣϽȰ˵
Ǿɣµ˰ɳ˶̵ȥ˽˵Ľ档
ܳɾ͵ͷʣ磬Ӧûмﲡ˰ɣ
ɳ˶ҡͷûˡ
̨ˣеĻҾ͵ô绰ٸˡ
ؽλҲûУȻҲ绰ˣܳɸ硣ɳ˶ָƽ˺ʣ
ܳɸ磬̨˼̨˵ֻȥ֫ͻ𣿡
ܳɵţֻһ̨һ˽Һ󣬾ͣˣûȹδȥ˺̨Ҳ֪
ɳ˶һͣѹsiһ㿴𣿡
֣ɳ˶̫ңԶˡ
ƽǿƵĲ˴ڼƾûˣڲû˵ģͦá
ЧĲ١
ܳɵͷ˵Ҳֻ˵ģûȥ
ȵ࣬ûȹ

ʵܳҲеɥΪ˾ÿϧ
ô˵ɣһҽԺңԶԣǾңԶĵطΪƺICUٽͣȫԺ豸Ϊȫĵط֮һ
ҲȵùֻǣЩ⣬޷ġ
սңų̂˾ûˡ
Ǽ𣿡ɳ˶ʡ
ܳɻ£ûϺ˵֡
ҡҡͷûУܼûü֪ǻûϹɡ
ܳɲ֪ǰ֮ԾüûΪʵһʱ͵ſڣֻΪԼĲֹôһΡ
ֻܳûǰ̸ЩȻ֪ġ
ȻܳɾͶɳ˶˵ȥϴһɳ˶ԼæԼġ
ܳϴ꣬߳Ϣʱڵΰ칫һҲ߳۾۵Ĳ̶
ϵܳɣһ£е¡
ܳϾתͷȻ°״ӡ
ϴ꣬·Ѱ״ֻŵģΪ칫ҲˣʹͲ۰״ӣ㡣
ֻڣȻ̶ҪΪá
˰칫Һ󣬲̶£趼ݺˣϡ
̶ûܳɺȲ裬ݲͲˣʣ죬˵һ̨ʯ϶˵ı֫
һƵҫ軹ѽ֫ˣ
̶ֻ
ܳɾ͵ʦҲǻ˰ɣҾ㣬Ȼѱ֫
Ŷ㷭˷۵٣˵õɣ˵пȡ˨ǹǿƵIIȥļһ治֪
ԭǹǿƻ
ưʱôûŸҴ绰أ
ôÿһϷҾȻڡ̶ûûε˵ţȻʮֿϧ
̶òҲЩꡣ
ֻ
ķҫ˫ֽˣȻܳɰȱһĻⳡϷ͸Ӿˡ
ȻҲǲ̶ĸ뷨ĺϷӺÿ
ܳɾͽ͵ʦҺʦ̨ʱŵġ飬̨Թۣڶλ̨ء
һʼý֫Ƚϼ򵥣Ҫͬʱ̨ʦȥæˡ
Ҳû뵽Ա֫
ܳ˵ʵǱŽ֫ȥġ
ΪԼĽ֫ӦҲӵģ˵˶пȡ˨ܹñ֫ˡ
˺ˣ˵ˡ̶ذ˰֣Լܳɵ棬˵ЩеԼƷҲòʲôô㲻ܳɷԼĸˡ
ЦеܳɰҪϢƣпˡ֪Ϊʲô𣿡
̶һתܳ˸ӡ
ţܳһ㶡
Ȼ룬ҽԺĹ涨ֻоſõƣͨĹ̶࣬ȾֻԺƸ
ܳҡͷ
̶Ц˵簡ڲ֪ΪʲôͻȻҵң˵ϴκ飬üĿˡ
˵Լȥ취ܲܰҽԺϴѧҽѧԺоί൥λ
֪ʲô˼𣿡
ܳſ͡
оί൥λ治
ܳ˽⵽ģϴѧֻиһҽԺоҲֻȥҽѧԺѧƵо
̶⣬͵ܲί൥λǣǸҽԺǿ԰оίɵҽԺд̡
ҽԺһоʦȥΪϴѧоʦȻϴѧЩоʦѧ
ҵϴѧоֻǣҽԺϴѧûʲôϵѡ
ί࣬ϴѧйģ
̶˵꣬΢еп˵֮Ը֧УҽԺǹǿƣΪϴѧҽԺǿƵоί൥λ
ǳģ
̶ʵʵ˵ˣҲΪܳɶϲ
ʵ̶뿴ǣܹѰҽԺŪϴѧҽԺϵͳȥˣ϶ƨԡ
ϴѧϰҽԺô
Ƿ񶨵ġ
ܹĹǿƵί൥λҲʱ⣬ûʧ԰ҽԺҲкô
ڿڰҽԺƨƨߵӭȥ
ôһθ߰ҽԺεĻᣬԺ쵼ǵԿǶ¿ˣŲȥ㡣
ȫһ߶С
Ȼ˵оί൥λȲֱӵĸҽԺ
ڵİҽԺ˻濴ϣܹһߣҲܴѧˮƽ٣ԴͱȰҽԺҽѧԺ˲ֹһΡ
ǾͲһġ
ܳ۾΢һУ˲̶ƺеףֲס
˵ʦʲôϵأѵҪȥо𣿡
ɶڵʱǣ
̶˵Ҳ֪﾿ôģǡҿ϶ȷ֮ô飬϶ǳġ
оԱѾˣҲ˰ɡ̶ܳɣ΢ü
ܳûĻǾ͵öһˡ
ֻҪܹõӣͿԶܳˡԺͱƣǻ԰
ֲ˵оûҵͲܸƣϰġ
ȫƣͲܴнأ
ܳɵɴ۾޹صǱˣʱڲԸҾ˾һҽԺڶļңҵûȥ±ϵͳС

̶ߣС۾һܳɻƺŵˣһײӣȻѲ豭ײˡ
ˮ˳˿ϡ
ܿ˽ȥ̵ˡ
ţ̶վȻֱϴּ䷽ܣһһ߽Ƥ
ʮӺ󣬲̶ųϴˡ
˫Żе󿴵վŵܳɾ˵ûˡһǿˮ
ʦû°ɣҪҪȥ˿ƿܳʮֵʡ
á¶ȲߡֻǴʪ˿ӡ̶˷ۡ
ո˵ʲô˵˾ҽԺ
ţܳɵͷ
ʱڲҪȥоŵҾ;ãϣԱõģӦǾѧĸҽԺ
ܳеӡ󣬹ǿõǾԺͻˮ̶ܳʵǼǲһˡ
̶ʱЦȻܳɣ⡣
ǡ
Ҫǿ˾оȥ𣿡
ܳûػҲ֪ôء
濼Ϊʲôȥ
ƾʵϸõģѵһҪŶ߹ϵܶ飿
̶˵ҶΪ㲻ٿأû뵽㻹ֱ
Ҫ˹֮ȥоĻ͵Ƕѧ˰
𣿡
ܳɾͳĬһ˵õ֪ͨ飬ҿܾͲù֤ˡ
⻹ʲôģ
Ψһѧ;ȥѧܳɿ϶ȥôࡣ
û;ȥǸƸ˶ʿ벩ʿѧλ취ܹǲܱġ
̶⣬˶΢е㲻ˡ
ƺЦеˡ
ֲǲܳΪѧпǣ̶ϸ˺󣬾ÿܳ뷨Ϊʲô궼ûϡ
ȻˣܳΪǲԸգȥıѧУ
һһǻѰҽԺΪϴѧҽԺоί൥λŶ˼ܳɿ˿϶ߡ
ܳܿ
˵ʵ̶ڶûҵκһԵɣܳǰ꣬ôûϵģ
̶ͳһ˲δĹ滮ȫ̱ˣϸؿֲ֮ܳŵǾ˵Űɡ
ôѡҿ϶һԺ
ʮһ£ʮ·ݾҪˣҲܼҲܶм·
Ȼȥˡ̶׼ˮĲˡ
ԿǺʹԿǣСԿǶʹ
Ͼ
ܳɲֺ֪Ͳ̶֮䵽˵ʲô֮ǰȷˣûҪѧ˼ġ
ܳɵ⣬ǰӴоʦԸ㣬Ǹδı֮ˡ
ܳҲǱһԵ̬ȥıѡ
ʣʦ㲻ҹ𣿡
̶˿ﻹҹϰ׸һ󣬴˿ͷ۸ôȥͶֻظ
ܳҪȥо飬ѾˣĶܸˣ߻ܳȥĻҲҪȵܳǱʧ֮С
ȻĻһж׼ˣܳˡ
ЦɾͿˡҿûҽԺ¡
ǣǱߣҪظġ
Ҳˣȥȥ̶˸ɣȻҽϢңһ״ӣҲ֪ĸùģҰ״ӵʱ򣬻᲻Ҳ
ܳɱ㲻˵ˣȻܸм̶֪֮Ҳܸм̶ԸԺĻЩ
̶˵濼˾ѧоڵŲ̶棬֤ȥ
ܳ飬ûôΰ
飬ͲҪ֤Ϊã̶ֻ£ܳҲȥͲ̶ᡣ
ߣ˶ᰵԼ·ͺñܳɣо鶼ûһƲ̶˵ҪȥУⲻǰԼ·
ˣܳҲɲȥƭ̶飬Ծͳˡ

ϺͶǧʢû̶
Ϻֵٴ绰˲̶
ֻǰʾ绰һֱڽС
ɳ˶ֹһſˮ׼ã㶢ϺϺ鶼ûͨ󣬱˵ˣ̶֪ʲôԼȳ԰ɡ
ǣԶвǾͲˡ
Ҷˣúóһ٣ԱԺá
ܳҲû̶飬ֻ˵Ȼȥˣ˵ѣʼͳ
ֽʵΪӵġ
ǽӵ߮ĵ绰˵ܳ߮ûǸ˵ı֫öΪе
ܳ˵ı£ΪСΪ˱ܳɳɳѧ飬ĵظ̶˵Լܳĵİš
ܳڵĵλ뵽ί൥λܳɾͻϴѧоԲ̶ȥܳɹͨ£Ǻ˵ܶ࣬ҲͲˡ
ڣ̶ִ绰˵ڣҪһϢܳɱ˾ѧо
ľúƣ
ôģϴ֮ûܳɱʾʲôԼôܳɣܳڴһˮƽѾˣܳߣɽѧĶࡣ
ԼҪܳҸȽϺõĵʦźʡ
ֻǣû뵽ôԥĹܳɻ⣬ֱӸıҽԺо
ð
֮ܳǰоû飬ôذ
Ҫôأ
ܳڰҽԺѾǿʼ𽥵سɳˣҪ˸ƽ̨
ŶܳɾԻɳ죬Ȼ¿ҪھǱߣΪһ̸ˡ
ǣܳûпܣλǿأ
ֲ֪϶һǣܳлһĻȥ˾زˡ
ʹ


һʮ У
̶붡ͨ󣬳һĵ뷨ӡ
ֲͨƵĵ绰
Ȼ˵ܳɵ飬һԼʵ뷨ƣܳȥ˾ѧҽԺĻܻ𣿡
̶ôʱԼﶼû̫
Ⱑʵûش𣬵ҲǻصΣǲһġ
ÿ˻ѡܶصġܲйϵ
ֻܻܳܲȡԼеľöֻǲ²⡣
ʵ˴𰸣ܳһȥϵϽĿԷǳ
ܳɵʵ츳ӹɵģܳûʩչԼĻᣬȴǲһġ
ħͽѧҽԺȫŵǰĽѧҽԺ֪߳ʵϣоԵʱ򣬸оʱǳ٣չʾԼĻᲢࡣ
ңνͽѧҽԺͽѧҽԺĽǶǸʲôڣ
ǿĲҲ࣬ѧҲܶ࣬Ŀǰ඼Ǵɫ۾ġһ۾ͻȥһѧڶ۾ȥ£ȥ͡
ܺܶ˶һѧҪеʱ򣬵һѧ;ڵżͱ˶ĵһӡ
оʦͽϲľһ˷µ
Щè壬Ҳø̶ȥʾʲôȻĻ̶Ÿ˵ҪЩ߸ܳɣԼǸ߻ǲأ
̶ǲ̫Ըܳɳȥģ
ϣܳ߳ȥһ۽ġ
ڰҽԺᱻס۽֮ٻǿԵģȾҪ۽򿪡
̶üͷƣƣһⰡܳȥԸܴ󣬶ȥĿֺܴ󡣡
ǿٸıͺôǲеûȤ˼
Ը˲̫ƽ
㲻һǰ̵İʯ
Ϊ˲̶һҳɡ
仰Ʋһشˡ
ܻشǻǲǣò̶ƫҪôֱӰܳɴ乬ҪôټӴܳɵջ
ⶼǲ׵ġ
ƲԸܳΪ⣬ѡ¹֮ᡣ
ҲԸܳΪҪѡ飬ͱ䣬һӴ뵽乬
Լðɡ
ֻǾãѡ񿴸ˣԼ
£͵ʲô֪ѵѡ񡣲Ȼ̫ˣܻƨɡ̫ˣһܳɿʧܣȥλ
ʵҲǿҵʧҲ鼫ʧƼм䣬Ѿھˡ
ȷѡ֮¡
̫ܳã˲ƽ
̫ܳ䣬ܳҲƽ
ֻȥѣⲢûдϣκһͨѧԼ뷨ûģ˶˼ͥĸĸѹôûдȴĸ֮˲ɡ
ʵ뷨
̶⻰һȻ㽲Ҳе
°ؼҪܳɵʱôѡ˰ɡôһ̬Ҳ֪ȥϺ˵ˡ
ʱһжźˣܳȴƨˡ漰ĶɲǾ͵ܳ˵ʧ
̶˸˵һ仰͹˵绰
˺һӣſЦҡҡͷ
ǰҽԺôҽԺܳɱƵƸҪƸǰǴĲֲ
ҽԺҲиִ۸ӵʣϺӵĵ绰ٲʮλҪƸܳɰűƵ飬͵ԼĹϵȥסϵԾá塯ǰҽԺѧż
С
ҡҡͷҲǲ֪ΪܳɿǺˡ
ƾãǸúúõܳȥ̸һ»ˣԸ
ԸȥĻƾԼǿȥ΢ָһ·
ϾܳĿǰҪȥоȱĲǱºʵǡ
û£ûһѧҲǸϴѡ
̶ܳɻ᲻뿪ܳСӣڻûףΪʲô֮ǰоûϰԭ򡭡
ϣһҹȡ
㡣
ܳ˹˯һŴѾ
ܳɾͿʼʰ·ȥܣܳɵϰߡ
һõҽıǮá
սʦǣǰǣѾˡ˰ԼãڱС
ܳɳţûŵֵҽɳ˶ܲʱɳ˶ˡ
Ǳܳɵѵģֻɳ˶Ӧ۾ͬʱȻäЬλһվ
ˡ
۾󣬲ŷܳɣܳźȫǺ
ﻹӺͶ
ܳɸ磬ȥܲ𣿼ģɳ˶Ը⣬ȴδܳŴŵ˯
ܳɵ󣬵ֵҵűƿÿסԺҽʦڰڼıܷӦż˼˯ֵֵҽҲᱻѣ
ϱ˲뱸ս״̬СѧȻפڽһϰߡ
Ŷ˰Сʱ˵͡
˷ȳ԰ɣȥϴ裬ȫǺܳɾͻش
ɳ˶ȴҡҡͷЦŻأܳɸ磬ҪϴɣȻȥֵˡ
Ҳáܳʵ֪경ֱϴ貢̫á

ֻǣɳ˶ϴʱ򣬾Ȼͷ֣ܳɾȻϢǲˡ
ܳɸ磬ϴˡ
Ҳû˻Ӧ
Ȼţɳ˶ûɵΰ칫ҿһۣƺͿԼʦϺܳȫǺˣΰ칫ȥˡ
Ϻ㶣üͷһ࣬ԼʦôԼܳȥ칫
ɳ˶̶֪Խܳɺõˣ˵ˣֻҪ۾ϹͶܿ
ܳĿǰеıסԺҽʦֵ£ϺҲԲ̶Ŀ˵ġ
ʱɳ˶ȴͻȻ˹
òƣſֵ飬ԼʦϺְ
Ҳ˵ʵźܳɵ飬ֻǲ̶һˣԼʦҲһ֮
ʽְʿӶе㿴ȥˡ
⣿ɳ˶ȫζ
ɳ˶ԼϾصˣƱԼӵһεоʦԼĵʦ´Ȩ
ˮ¥̨ȵ£ֻҪԼ̫֣˲̫˼𣬰ԼʦáǸû취ԼģȫԼϣû취䡣
ԼʲôطϺпܡ
ֻǣɳ˶˼ЩҡˣƺԼλʦһһõˣҲϿô̶ͺԸ
治ԸĻΪλֵͬܳడ
ϺܹܳɣѵͲȥӶϾ
ܳɽֻһסњG
ɳ˶оһŨҵΣУ

ΰ칫ңܳɵһҲǵһαϺ
ֻܳеϺ˴˿̼ΪнվţϺ£ҲֱӾ
ϺΪΣƽﶼǲ⽻ĵ磬ϴǰңûԼʲô¡
ϺҲ㲻ǿֻЦǺ˵Сܰ飬ΪǿƳ
ѪƵĻʯϣ˶㲻飬ǹǿƲ˱ԽСӹΰ
ܳ΢΢Ƿ˵ΣʵұԸֻѽ֫øõ㣬ѡ
Ϻüͷȴ΢΢һ֣G˵Ľʲô˼ڿҺ뱣֫
ϺĿܳɵı仯
ܳæ˵ΣҾû˼
ҶΣǼΪصġǶҵʦ
ܳȥǶƵʱ򣬾顣
Ϻ̾һע⵽ˣֻܳǿδй̶֮ʦֻ֣Σſؽһ¶ѡ
Ϻ֪¿϶ã˵Сܣ֪εƵĻʯϣΪܹⲡ˱֫Ǵ˶ͨ绰ȥڡ
Ҳû˸ҹ֤˵Ϊġ
סһ⣬˵е⣬ܹ˫ֺ˫ŶסͲܵˡ
˵Ϻַǳʵ϶ܳ˵ֻ֮Իδųʱδꡣ
˵ݺ¼Ĳһ㣬ȷס֮֫ҽԺġǹǿƣҲŲٵĺô
ܳɺЦϣյĽܺðɣϾ֫漰ѧƽ϶࣬һƽȣվδѹ
˵Լĵǡ
֫൱䲻
šϺҲǸͿˣֻ̺ô
ҪΪϸЩСܣȻ귿ȲߣһȥICU鷿ɡ
ǲˣȻֱƻרƿңҪICUȻרƵ˶ȥICU鷿ɸƵĲ鷿
ICUҪļӺȶߵתרƴ
áܳ䲻ԸϺӴǸ˵ĺȷΪġ
Ϻܳɻ࣬һֻ׵ǡ
Ҳʧȥ˵˼ֻǾܳɲԼΪϧ
Ǿ°ɣȻȥ鷿ʱҽһ𡣡Ϻ˶Ի

صϢϴһϴ裬صҰ칫
Ѿ˲٣ϾˣغͶȻȱϯֺɳ˶Ҳˡ
ֻܳΪǣȱϯŪȨҲ˿ܳɴк
ܳɸ磬ӦòǺæɣȨܳɣҪǷ֣ûʲôˡ
ԴĲ֮󣬿β˵ķ䷽ʽˡ
ֵΣ˴λλϷֲˣĴλˣǾͼӴ·䲡ˡ
Ҫһʮˣ鲡˲Ÿλܲÿҽ
ܳɱ˵컹ãҲ̫á
ǿƣ̨һƵұûˡûǼƿ֤ǿƵĹϵǺܴ󡣡
ӼȥҵģҪѧƹͬԤĲˣûרƵģ˷Ǽд
Ȩؿܳһۣɫ̸
ࡣȨͷ
ʣܳɸ緹ûҪҪһ۰
ҳԹˣϾɡ
ˣȨӣ鲻ɣ֮ܳʶ칫ңǾԼסԺҽʦж˹ܴĻרְֵ࣬ԻԼзֹܵĴλ
һȨ
ȨҡͷһЦðˣϾŴţ˵ãӦع
û⣬Ծŵǰ°ࡣ
ƾôϼ鷿£ûֵ࣬пܾŵ֮ǰ°ࡣ
յ࣬ǿܴһ졣ȻԼҽֵʱãҲܸһһϵļ
ҽԺĲһֱ࣬˳ԺĽȽò˲֮ٳԺġ
һʱ䣬컻һҩΪ
ȨֲڣĲԽԽ࣬Ҫӿ첡˵תĻԺûôùˡ
ӿת࣬簲Ժ
ϼҽʦ¼ҽøæ
ܳ⼸죬һֱڶſӴı仯Ȼкܶಡ˶ת˲УԺļﲡˣǴסļӴ
һӿתѰѸꡣ
ˣȨӣæʱϾҷּŴ
ȻҲֵ࣬ǹ´æûġܳɾ˵
ȨһסԺҽʦЩýӻýӣø⡣
ȨɲôãܳɵĽѧϺûãָܳɶء
˵ûû£ܳɸ磬Ļһ㽲ġסԺҽʦǸ
Ǻô˵һװ࣬һף
ȨҲΪͨȻܳûܴˣһʮװ࣬
ֱûܳɵˣڣȨԼûҪôӣû˲㡣
ǺǣаɡܳЦЦЩȻʧ߳˰칫ҡ
ȥȨҪλҪǿ˹ܴżлֵȻѾ˵ڶҲҪΪĿ׼
̶ֵ̼࣬ռ˶ʮлֵܶá
Ҳǿ󡭡
ϣͰ˽ࡣ
ȻϺ˵һҪ΢ӿ㲡˵ת󣬾û˵ˡ
ɳ˶ֵ࣬գ˰ŵ١
Щȥҿ̨̨жǧʢϺֱӰܳȥICU
귿ܳɾͲȥˣҩˡҲͲеĹ¼ҽҽְ𡭡
̶ܳһȦûҵʶϾܳûС
Ͼץץͷ˵ҿܳɸһȥˣ֪ȥ
̶ɫһ䣬ֲĳȵתˡ
̶ܳɴ°࣬Ѿ߳˿ҵȵʱŸϳסܳ½нΰ칫ҡ
ھʵСܣ˵ЩȲҪǽ
Ȼ֪رطо߹飬·㲻ҪнֱնϾͺáҼ˽ǩ˺ͬҲûϵ
ǩĺͬȥнͬǲΥԼġ̶ǰظܳɴ˸Ԥ롣
Ƶһ仰˲̶
ܳûϣȥҽԺǾһʧԺܳɻĻ㲻ѡҽԺҲԽһԵ
Ҳ̶ҲãԼ㼱ȥҽԺΪܳҪƣҲǼõ飬͵ΪԼˡ
鲻ȥãþû֮ô졣
ܳɵͷ˵ʦԲֻǲʳԣԾֻ˵˷θ֮ԡ
̶ҲͷС۾գգ
֪
ˣҲŶôһģȥҲ˵ʱŪ˶֪ˣһ֪ΰˡ
Ҷ֪ܳҪߣǻ̫ĻᣬȶӣǶ˵̫ƽ
̶ҲûܳɱϺȥˣֻ˵ˣȥЪϢɡ

ͬʱǿƵ
ƵպôԼѧʼеĵһ̨
Ϊ֣ҲΪ˲̫Ϻʱ䣬ͰԼߵӵңȻߵѲ
ڰ˵ʮʱ򣬰ڴBļӶλ£϶ĥĥеһ̨Ϲ
꣬󷽷ֱӣȻ˵ʦҸ㶨𣿡
û㶨Լȥ鰡ô֪
ȥ黼ߵʹ˶ʧ
˲ϲ
ʵڿˣܹ͵ˣɲ࣬һֻ־ùѾ˰ˡ
㶨ˡЦŪ
ô֪Ѷ˰ɣҲܹõƤ񾭷֧ͣҪôǿʵŸȥ˰ɣ
ߺһð֮ǰһֱԴ˲Ȥֱ֪η
ã˿̱㽽һˮʱգգ޹۾
Ƥ񾭷֧;׼ͬ߮ˣ
üʦʲô
ûʲôֻ֪죬ˣöʵˣеľأôɫ۾ˡô
ɫ׺һһ仰˵
ΪȷǴɫ۾ˣɫժ֡
֪ˡѹдһ˿ɹϲãȫɨøɸɾ
ʵ߮ʵģ֮ûȤֻΪ߮磬ûġ
ҳõ͵Ϊȴ߰úܣһ
ô
˵Щֻһתʰ˵ǲйǿƵǸܳҽ΢ţ
ˣ֮ǰǺܳɼӹ΢ŵġ
Ŀһ££ͷǵģʦôˣ
ίԼǵһӦñһ¸һµôĺĺ
߮磬Ȼܳɡ
ܳɣΪεģΪԼǰһطӣڶûժñӡ
ͺñȣԱ˵Լʲãʵʵʵľȴһ٣϶Ҳʮ޹ܣܲƽϣҲ񾭲
˵Ҳûʲôģ΢Ƭһ°ɡҵʱһֶŮ
ҰܳɵƬֶŮˣֶŮȤ;ÿġ
ϣԼϺûҵܳɵϵʽҲ̶̶˵ܳɣȻûӦˣ
¶ֵģƣ̶ǸܳɽˣֻûüԼظѡ
ãΪܳɵ飬̶СϵܶûˣȥܳСϵܿ飿
۽һﾹһζĸоͳԴףһֲ̫˳ĸо
˵Ŷ
ŻЦ˵ʦԵĴýˣһС
ȻͰܳɵƬƸ㣬ȻȥƸˡ
㸴꣬εЦЦ˵ҲشһߣҪǰ죬ҵϱң˵ֶܸܲŮͲСˣڻš
עһ£ҽԺûкʵͬꡣ
һѰ˼ⲻùǿһܳ
˵ţԼ˵еˡ
Ȼ󿴵Ц˼̧̧֣Цʦ
˼ҲûĴ

ܳɵ˼Һ󣬾ϣԾ
ʱ׼Уͷȥˢ϶ˣֻԾ׼Ƕ١
ңԾĹУܳɷ֣Դ˺Щ֮󰡣֪ʶ̶ȣȫһˡ
еЩݣٴܶѾԶΣϸҲⱻ
ֻһЩ΢ϸڣûмƾ
ܹ֪ʶǼܣǿ
Ծ࣬ӽӡ
Ȼ´𰸣֣ȷʴߣҽѧۺܹ300ֲõ166170еˡ
ҪҪ190࣬Ҫߣ
ǵһ
Ϣһ£㿪΢ſʱһӺѵ֪ͨԴͨƬ
ܳɾ⣬һο࣬ӹ΢˰
Ϊֵ࣬ȻҪֵҽǵϵʽ򺣱ˣܳˡ
ʱ仹Ͼͼˡ
Īʲô£
δӵ绰ûС
ѡͬ⣬ŶԷϸעҽãҽᡣ
һ£ȫİģԷƺ֪Լʲôġ
żˡ
˶ԷԼ֡
ܳɺǣܳɼ֮󣬶ǱֻʼظΪʾˣԷ롭
ܳɶʱҲеԷ׻˵Щʲô
᣺ãҽᡣܸʶѽҽ
ܳüʽôúԼĸԼŹ׶
Īǣְҵ΢źŵݸΪ׼ϱ˰ɣ
ܳɵҲ˵ãҽܳɡҲܸʶ㡣
Ϊֵһ»ʣʲôģŮҲҽ
ܳɸû˼Զм䡣
ҽǲæɡǵԼĲ㽻ҽǸǳҽȻֻǹ࣬ίΡ
ˣвġ
ܳû뵽ԷȻô⣬ûأǲ̫пաġ
ܳÿնԼİһԾȻʣµʱƺģ⸱˼·˳㻹Կʼһΰ׾ˣ
ӢҲҪʼѧˡ
ֻҽѧӢģܣܳɵӢ˺ܶࡣ
ҽżпأ
ܲһڿ氡ʡ
棬ܳɵ׺Ƭ֮Уû̫࣬㣬ǲԼϣԿ䡣
ܳһ㶣ʲô
ֱԼ᣿
϶谲ŵʲô·Ͻ򣺡ƹǺһ¶ƺæ
ܳɹ˵ܳǲȥԼ״ġ
Ȼܳô˵ͷ㡣
Ȼûػˡ
ȻܳɲųȥˮĹ̶ĵ绰ʹˡ
ھ˵СܰǲǼһŮӵ΢Ű㻹䲻ȵģ
ܳʶػء
ע⵽ˣԼܵģǲ̶ܱʶ
̶͸æ˵ⶼңæͿˣûǰ㽲
˰ƵΣεֶŮͣ˵ǿԺʶһ£
£ˡ˵ֵġ
㻹ǶŮ΢ûġ̶Ǹؽš
ܳɣ
⻰̶ǰͽǴνĶ󣬲ᣬһʲôʲôʲôġ
ǣҾͿôθõ
Ůӿģû㻵ⲻԼȥô
ԵְɡʦҲ֪˭Ծ˵ûգһΪƭء
ϲǴҪ𣿡ܳæԼ˸ɣٺ
ȻĻҲ̫ദ
̶ͼܳɽʼ
ֻǣܳɺͲ̶绰ܳķ֡
ԼԼϢ⡣
ȻҲԼϢ
ôдġ
ҽʦû΢ţΪ¡ͰƬƸ
ȻŸҽͣ¡
Ҳóأ͸ˡ
˼˺ܾãǾ㽲һ䡣
һڣ
ֻܱܳԿЦظûϵҽֲʲôҪ
㲻Ҳ϶ҵҵϵʽ
/Ц
ܳɻظ꣬ſϢΪƿڣǸҲ֪Ͳ֪˭
ҡ
ʵϲСˡ
ܳɿ꣬ﰵι
˵ûϵû㵱ƭˣ˼
ܳɿûԼԼġѾ
Ҿ˵أ˽ôôĪ˼ģĺǿ
ܳҪظȴ֣һߣҲظˡ
ûʲô鷳ɣ
еĻ治˼
/΢Ц/ԡҲ顣
ܳԥȸظˣȻ˳ȥظ
òƽϢͣƵģܳɾôҿǻظţһֱûҵʵĻϵ⡭
ʮӣܳɻͷԼոյΪʱһ䣺а
ûеǱʣʮӾ;۵ùǺˡ
Ի˵
ûԷȥԷˡ
ûԷȥԷˡ
Ȼûˡ
ʮӺֻţޣС
ܳɵĻظ˼ܳɾȻûһȥ˼
ܹô


һʮ ίΣ
ѡ񷹶ΪɣʵãҲá
٣ͣһܳٿ΢ʱ˶ûٻظ
ܳɻΪϵģĥزĵʱ绰ƺһ㣬
̧һȻƴġ
Ͻ˵绰ʦ𣿡
ƾ˵СܣпܲҰ
ߣ΢˵⣡
ܳԶʱ΢΢üϲԼѧϰʱ򱻴š
ֵǺأܳ඼ֲϡƵֵֹֻܹ࣬ؽڷ飬һ²ȥҡ
ҲųϽվʦǸӵѸλ𣿡

̻أǹؽλǽһﴴ˵Ĳˣ֣ٶѾ崴̶̶֧ܵеѪá
̨֮󣬾ͷ㱳ĲûˡCTAʾɶֲλãͶסˣ޷ʾԶ˵ڲֱȥѪ˨ȡ
Ҳ֪ǵѪֻ˳˸ӡԣ
ƽֵ߮ȥѧУɳ
Ҫ˹Ҳ̫롣
Ϊ֫лˣ
ܳˣѹƣ֣ʦǲǾǳɹһ̨֫ԾҲôһ̨
˵õֱӵġ
֫ӦѪ˺Ѫ˨֮⣬
֫ظȾԻң֫Ѵ󲿻Աߡ
֫廼ֲܾسߡ
֫ܵػˣҪѪˡ⡢񾭵Ҫ֯޸ؽԻָߡ
⼸ҪԽб֫Ҫðķո
ܳ˵꣬Ǳ㶡
ΪƵԱߣ֣ٺͺ˾ء
˿ΣҲǺɸֵؿ֣٣ɫ첻
εؾ߿˼ֱ߳ҡ
Ͷ֣ٵ˵㿴ɵĺ£
֣ȴ˵Σ֮ǰ˵Ѫ˻ͨİ㱳Ĳе˵ġ
Ѫ˾ܹ֫ˣ˭ģ
񾭵ԺͻѵͲȥˣֱԿôǽȶˡ
˳ȥŶܳɻصЩǿ룬Ҫȥ˵
֣ʵû취ˣֻܺͲ˹ͨʱ򣬰˵ˣ˵֫취
ȴ绰ȻҸ绰
Ҫȹ˵ϾҲǿ顣ƵгŽѰ
ܳԣϾƵ˼ʵʦ֣ʦĸ˵ˣ֫취ֻ֫
˵ˡһˣ֣ٸ
ܳϰͷҡø˹ƵģʦҿɾͲˡ
ܳˡ
ģ֣٣ֱˣȫ¾˰
ɱ¯࣬ȫ¾˿
ܳҲƸô࣬һھҵƶ

˭˵˭ȥ취ɣ⻰ûˡȥٱҵĻʦɵ֤Ҵû˵ֻ
֫IIIIVˣҲûȨ
Ҳûðʦ
Ѫ˨ǽָ֫ܳе䵭˵
˵֣ûЩܳɻȥ֣˵⻰ǲ൱ڰܳɼ˿ô
ʲôܳ֫취֫
Ȼ󱣲סĻܳɵ˿
Լܱܲ֫ǰһûô
ҲֻܡΡͷ˵аɣҾô֣ȥ˰
ƴ˿ҲǾΪЦģ֣٣ֱˡ
߽Һ󣬾˵Σ֣磬С˵ûգͲˡ
ԣ֣ɫ͵رһ£Щŵ˵ٸܳɴ绰ʡ
˿֣ĻˣˣսԺʱ򣬼ƵǺͲ̸֫ģֻ̽˿ԡ
֣֪ڿ֫󣬱ﺦ£Լƾҽʦʱز㡣ڿߵѪúҲѰ˼Űȥһ֫ԡ
ĹУһжã֣ŷ绰ϲˡ
Ȼ󣬲ȥICUûãǱ߱绰˵ߵ㱳䣬Ҳûжˡǰ֣ٺݺݵһ
ȻٰѻʯϽѾû취ˡ
CTAʾǻ֫Ѫܶ޷Ӱ
绰֣ܳپΪˣڸԼľ
û룬ܳɻԸֻǸסԺҽʦ뵽æΪãΪʲô
Ƽ״ؿ֣ͳ绰򣬵ɫĿȴǽ
֣٣ңͲҪҸ˴绰
ʲô
ǣֻܳǿסԺҽʦȻвͬ飬Ǵε˽Ʒ
֣ϸϣܳɵϼҽʦҲȨ¡
ûпȰ裬ֻǰһߣ˵ư£ʱҪ˵ɣ˵վǿ顣
֣ٳʲôҽ¹ʵĻǿҲҪеΡ
СܵʵǶĿãԸңô˵ı֫Ծ͸һ֡
Բ˺ͼǺ£ԿҲǺϢ˫Ӯ氡
䲻̶һֱȥǿʣǶܳɶأ
Σ
תһȦ˵ҲǺ°֤ʵǳǿֵίΡǿƵһǿ
û֫ɹأˣ˼˨
ΣӦҲ֪£ܹɱ֫ĿԼСʹһʼͲҪ˺ͼ̫ı֫ڴֱԲ䡣
㲻Ϊ֣ҪǿʤͰһˮǲƨɣ
֪ܲƵ˼˿̣ˣҲѾûлͷ·ˡ
֣ΪֱϵòԼ˶סĻôֻܳһЦ
˵Сޣɲô˵ǵҽģҽʵҽҪ
о仰²ܽߣΪҽ
һ˿ôԲ˺ͻߺõģҽģòľΪıȡ
ԣһתЦο֪²ܽߣΪҽȫ
ѧţʶͨˣŲɣĲߣ֯ȡʳϲҽ
ҽʥ֮ҵǺδɣδ֮ͣҲǱػרϰ֮˼ڹŽ֮飬ҽ
仰ȫģĲߣѧţʶͨˡ
ѧʶŵ£Уֻռһǣ¸߱Ϊҽ
˵ʱƸֱԲ˵Σ֪ƽжĲô
һ֮ѡ
ģġ

ƽߣɱ˺ƶǾˣ
˵òֱӣɫҲһòƣɫ͸ӡ
˵ʵ˵ģֻǣƲûκΰ취
бƣһǲ̶ˣֻҪԼԼ봩СЬҲѡ
οˣ̫ǣһڴСЬĹУ̫֣˼ҰʦˣԼƤûˣ
˺Ҳֻܳڿ֣˲죬ȴûı¡
ȥ֣ͷϡ
ܳɣܽΪҾͽвˣǲǾҲΣͿȫӵң
˵úβǲΣͿԽĻţ
Ҫѿһ飬˵ô
ֻѪ˨ȡѣ
֣ٿֵ߽ܳɣȷôǻѪ˨ȡġ
֣ʦѾ˵ˣһ˺ٷѪ˨ȡѪ˨ҲûڶûҪҲҵ顣ǸһԼ顣ܳȻܼػش
֣Ǻ˵ûȥˡ
ⰵӣĪ˵û취ˣа취ܳҲȥ
֣ٵʱðѵ绰ˡ
Ȼ˵һƣǸܳɣԸҾֱȥ˼ô˰ʲô飬ɲҪң
ȻҪܳȥҲ˽Щʲô
ȴ˼ؿ֣٣֣磬Ҫô𣿡
ҪôֵĻʲô飬ҲҪ˰
ڸٰ֣ڳĵˡ
Լô룬ôϲôܸɣԼ뷨飬ҪֶεضԸ¼ҽ
Ϊ˰ԼεȥͷϵʺӵĻҲҪˡ
ħ̶ˡ
֣ٵһĲӶסˣתͷƣƣҪֱܳ޷죬Ŀ˵СסȻԸ𣿡
ʲôǹģԼס൱Դܹ𣿡
Լе㱾£㿪ʼڿҫĿˣ
ȷҪô£
ƾ֣ټֱħˣڵ侲һ£
֣磬㲻Ҫ£ȥ벡˺ͼú̸֫飬ͻлͷ·Ҫߡ
Ҫܳ㱳;ܰԼƵĻǲܵ飬סԺҽʦҽʦֵҲ϶ȥëǮΣΪһ
ܳɿܻ⵽ͷԵϵǴʲôôأ
ʹ˵㣬Լô죿סο㣬úο㡣ÿο㡣
´ǷԸأ
֣磬ҪסһľǣϣԼһƽĻԼҪعƽԼȥعƽԭ򡣡
˵⣬һֻϣ֣úˣҪʹĻɣҲ㡣
Ǻôѣһ䣬Ҳܳûвŵϵһ˲ҽԺģ
˵죬ǲܷסģ
Ʋδ̼֣٣Ҳûȥֻƽ͵
֣ٲû취ѾΪѵȰ棡
ǶԷѣˡ
֣ٵĲ΢΢һ٣ɫʱеΪ
ǰ֣ͻȻԼԵһأǾ߮硣
߮ƣϺͻʯϣε棬˵̨Ͳ̨ȥ
Զס˵죬ϺҲֻϢˣ϶²ס߮죡
ɣ
֣ٴ˿ļΪζ
һۣ˳ȥȻͺ㱨Σܳɻǲ
̾һͲɣҲûʲô˵ġ
£
ȥͲ˼̸ý֫Ҫ֫ģֻΣҪԸλ֫
Ҳ֪֣ĺͿ£֣鶼ѾˣҲѾ˵˿ڣô죿ܹ֣٣֣ˣȻȥܳƨɵǸ
ǲܵġ
磬ȱ˭ȻתҲˡ

˲ʮӺֵؾͿ˺˽ƺ˵ļͨ顣
ƺҲͣ졣
Ͼ֣Ƿϣ֮ٸϣ˵˻ǻֵ֫ڴһµġ
֣ٲӱ¿ô
;ܳһ̨֫ͱҪһ̨ܳɵĿɽˡ
ƽ治֣ٻ뷨
ݺݵüͷΪٰ֣ñĲ˼
ʮӶȥ֣ٵɫҲ粻˽˵Σ˼绰ȥҽƣǾٱˡ
˵ҽƵˣմ绰ˡ
ûţԵȻǻԵһͲ˼йͨ
˵꿴˿ƣ̾һ
ãǰƴ绰ǾԵĴ˽Դ绰ܳɽͽˡ
Ҳ֪ΪʲôƫƫҪȥƸᣬһš
ô¶ˡ

ҽµͶ߽Ӵ칫ҺܿˣĻˣֻǽļ¼ˣϴƿ࣬һλ˹ĵͬ־
Ŷʮ꣬۾߲֣еȡ
˴ſڽ֮󣬾ú֣ٳ˵
֣ΪϾͰľˡ
˼ǣ˵壬Ϊ˺ͼǣؾľȥȡһ֫ϣܹò󣬻ĿЧ
ų˱֫ɹҪ֫ѾͲ˵ˣ֮ǰȫԲշѣ˺ͼȻܡ
֣ٵûȥܳɵ飬ֶ£ûȥҽ˵
Ҳûᡣ
Ժܿ죬˾ú֣벡˼档
˵Ⱦͳλ쵼ǸùܹҽԺҽˣҾȫҽڼƵʱǱߵһҽ͸˵Ҫ֫סˡ
˵Ծȡȡ
˵⣬ߵžͷǳߵ˵ʵʵҪʵסȣҪȥⲻϹ𣿡
һֱʣܱܲסûаգ˵У㿴ȥICU˵סˣ֫
Ǯ˺ü򣬾ϹڣⲻǹǮ
֣ԣ͸æ˵λŮʿΣɲҪİûκһҽȥ˵аգٷּܸ֮ΪרҵĻػġ
ǵ֪ͬϵҲãǵ̸Ҳãֻϸ˵ǿΪ˺룬ڴһ±֫
һ㣬Ҫǰ㲡ܹṩ̸̵¼͹۵֤ݣȻ֣Ҵδ˵ֻܱ֤֫
˵Ծʹ󳳴ֵҽͻգȦӡǿڴܱ𣿡
˵ܱûסⲻǼô
λΣɵΪڲƿǵǮϹڶ֪ô˵ɲͬ֫ĻΣա
Ҫ취춼ŵİ˵ţţԼίһʲôǱƭ˵ı顣
ֵ̧ã侲һ¡
Ҫһ°ҽԺҽûи˵϶֤ԣٷֻ֮ûп͹۵֤ݡ
ΪͶ߰칫ҵΣȻԼһ״̵ġ
˵ת˼Ȧ
ʵûУǿ˵ﻹǵôడҾֻ˵ܱˣû˵Ҫ֫Ǯ׻ˡ
Ҫ˵ûգѡ֫ˣICUܶȥ
϶˵ˣ˵ˣ˵϶ܱ֫Ļǿ϶ͬⱣ֫˵Ҫ֫ˡ˵һֵܻ߽˿ˡ
ⲻ֪ɩӻǽҲǰǶһ˼ȻĻ˵ý֫ģôѡ֫أ
˵ͷ̧ʣǾ˵ˣһʼûΪ˱֫ǰɣҪ֫ģǰɣ
ڸǣ֮ǰȫշˣȫս֫Ǯ˸ǵĻԸ𣿡
ģ˹ǿƵĺĵߡ
Ȼа˵࣬վǻΪǡ
ڲ໨ǵǮĻϣԸΪסͬ֫ȣͲҪˡ
ͬ⣬ȻǶϵͷҪش
ɲȴɨһۣεǲ˵ˡ
Ŵ˿ʮ־Ϊѣ
һȥԼɷĽţûˡ
ܲ໨Ǯˣ̰ľЩˣ쵼Ͳ취ȸס𣿡
˵ز˲˵ⲻǼҲкǿı֫ԸġҽֻǸݻ߲ͬʱڵǽ飬ṩϵİѡ
Ҫؿ͹ʵԺʱ򣬿ܻб֫Ŀԣ˵ʵڻ˵ֱ֫ĿԴ󲻴ˣУҲٱ˰
˽յܶЧͶߣ϶Ҫ취ģֻǣôȥ¡
ڴĹУȥѲ˵ĻʵԸ׳Ҫȥġ
ҽƣҲҽԺֹпҵְѧơҵ棬֤ڣҪΪ˱֫
ǿǣΪ˼֫ȥҽԺ
ǰҽԺʡɳõҽԺһֱҽԺĲܸ࣬лҽԺѲǣѾΪ£δܴﵽϣý
Ҳǵһʱ䴦˻ߵĻֹ֫Ѫ۵ȡʱΪѪɥʧķա
ԻûеһȻлȥѡġ
˿ˣȴǵջظ
֪˵ţΪԼϹȣʵ뷨˵ǣ˲һ
ڣҪ˵ĸԸر˵
Ȩ֮
ಡˣʵǮñ֫ûסǮûס͸ˣҽΪ֫Ĺ׺͸󣬰Ѿﵱѡ
û취ڵƶȱ˵ȣ˴˿ҲԼôԼˣҲҪΪ˲˼⣬ѽйŬı֫øˡ
ѿ£һ͵ġ
ǣȻû취ȥҲ˾õĻĵûұ֫ûǮ
ôѹҲͲȥڵĿܰ취Ϊ˱֫ˡ
Ҳ˽ˣˣǽ֫ľӦҲͲȥ֦ˡ

Ӻ
˵ļǩ˽֫ͬ飬Ȼ֣ٶ˿չһ̨׼Ľ֫Ľѧ
˵ԼϹûΣպϲû֮󣬾Ϳ޵øˣ
һǼ֧ͥ
棬֣Ų˿Ϻﶼκᡣ
յģһۣ
Աߣ֣ܳɣȴںɨһ֣٣ؿڵ٣Ľ֫ȴΪܳɣһģ
𣿡
Ҫ֪֣ģ֣
Ϊף︨֮
Լúõһ룬㵽ĳߴˣ㵽һߴˡܳɣΪβԸ
һʼͲΪܹס˵Ȳѡ̨ġ
ΪԼ
ȻΪ˱ס˵ȣȥܳɣΪԼΣΪ˱ԼҽãΪԼܵκεӰ졣
Ҫ֪ںͲ̸һĲ˾Ѿעˣˣ޷ѡ񡣵ѡ񡣡
֣Ļתͷȥ¶֮ɫ
ТΪȣĲۼۼТӡ
Ϊףۼģ޺ˡ
仰˵ĲҽһУҲԽġúõһ֣ٵļ
Ҳû˵ʲôȻ֣ĵ뷨֣پøϲƺĻţҪڱ֣ˡ
ĻҪġ
ֻǣúе㲻ǣΪܳţôס
˵֣͵ˣеס˼֣ܳô޶Եأ
Ȼ˵̸֣;еӲţת˼
治Һôҽʦѵı¶ûθɣ
ܳɾס
Ҳǹ¡

ܳ˵󱻽֫ʱܳɵݺݵؾһ¡
һ˼飬˵ʦǲе̫ڲ˰
վ޹İ
Ƶ޹ģѵͲ޹ô
ƺԼȰ⣬֣ٻָɳɶ
ңҽһӣܼĲˣԼĲˣģֻ˵ûԵ֡
Ǵ绰ʱˣҲ֪
ÿȫ粡ÿӶܳʮȰܳɣҲûܳɴ֣ٵС档
ܳɵˣʵǿԹġȻҲȷбȽϺõİ취֣ʦԲ˼˵ҿεúõĻ
Ĳˣ
һĶ֣һĶѡ
֣Ȼǣ飬ģⲻŰԼһô
ˣҪǸ㣬ѡûдûæȥϡ
ңҲҪмȡѵ
ҽƣǼ򵥵һҽһ˵飬ҽѧ벡֮Ե֡
ǵҽģΪ£ɲֻи˿ҩ˳ҩȻԺô򵥡
ȵסȻȵסܽԵطԡ
ȻˣԼ˵ĶϹһˡ
ĻԼڸܳɴ绰ʱİʾһ˻δóǲҪ
˵Ȼóֵʱ򣬻Ҫ͵ģ
Ӳ壬δ֪ң˵棬治ɫȥеغúΪ˿һҽ
˵ʱֿڵ˵ﰡʵһ⣬һ¡
ÿﶼһҽҽµ˭Ҫƽ
˾õеȣֻҪΪʡǮȫΪ˿ˣǮҽ¡
˾ҽΪףҲ۵ΣΪ˿Сҩõı׼ԺʵƣøãҪġ
ܳ˵ʦе̫ˣҲ֪ȥô
ҾԼɡ
ȴ˵Ҫʼ˰ΪѾˣǸõƽʱˡ
ԶûԼԼȥﲡ˵Щ¡Ǿ͵û˵ɡ
ȫҿĺźܶࡣͨˣ͸һظɡ

Ҷ˵绰֮ܳڷ
ѹƺ˵ô࣬ԭǡ
ܳȫû뵽飬ˣȻˡ
ƣܳȥһ
ţƴҽԺҪĹؽƵĵ˵ؽĹҺĶ࣬ˣԼһ˿Ҫܳһȥ
൱ڣҪܳɵΪ˿ȷҩȥ˼Ʒˡ
ԣƲҪܳȥϸЩ
ɲͬסԺҽʦڲֹܲô򵥵顣
ĲˣڱϼҽʦϷ͸ˣιԡ
ƵĲˣҲиָʷֻҪƷȥǾͺˡ
ۡ
ˡ
ؽλ
ѡʹѡ
֮⣬ɶ
ƿ⣬ʵʣ˵ĻԸΪ׬Ǯ˶࿪ҩԸΪ˲˿ǣ㵽Ϊֹ
㵽Ϊֹһ˼ǣԲ˺ͼȫϴʵ˵ǱҪģ
ߴͻ򣬵úú

ܳɳ˼ʱ߱Ц
Цܳɣ
ƵѧרƵСܣ
ð
ͻȻ㿴ϲ
ⲻ
ƴδǹΪܳɷȥؽƵ顣


һʮ ֮֮
յɾԼʱ䲻ܶడ
ܳû뵽ƻôؾͰѹؽƵҽԺҪ
ҲûһֱԼ˵ԼƵѧϰؽڸλַ鹢ڻ
֮ǰǸԼƵԼǰйˡ
˵ʵƷƵܳɿˣû
һ֣úԼĿǰĹؽûû̫
ȻóԶţҲ൱û
ټϣܳɾȥһȥģĻʵԲǿ
ﶼûĲˣٶؽƵļܣҲֻСппλڹ̶ֲ֫һ֮߸
֮ǰܳɵ뷨ǣȥģԼǰȨ޽ӽļܣͱIIȫģ꣬žá
Ƕã
ܵõ˲ãֻΪ
ưǽ죬Ҳʱ򣬸ͽˣϵϣ
һԼ൱ڻоŴεģᣬúõѧϰһ¹ؽơ
ǿ϶бҪģÿһרϵͳԵѧϰԴĽ̲ģܳ˹ǿƵײͽ̲ġ
ȥһһɨ̲ĵĻʱ϶ǲõġ
ܳҲȫȻԹؽ޻ֻܳյؽƵ֪ʶṹֻﵽô㡣
ܳȿģ塣
ؽλλ綨弶
ȫŹؽûͨ
ؽھؽڡؽڡϥؽڣ
ϥؽھֹƽ̨伹ݶڹ̶ͨ
ؽھTFCC˵޸
ؽHillSachBankart޸ͨ

ܳһ߿һ߽ܽᡣ
뿴ﲻͬȻ˵£ܳҪЩ׼ǡ
Ȼӹҽˡ
ؽλַλһڼλˡ
λĲˣǽ·Ĳ˻ϲλˣؽλַλã
Ĺؽƣռ÷ݶľǹǹؽ׼˶߿顣
ǹؽ׵ơڹؽơ
˶˵ġ˶ҽѧ
˶ҽѧʵǹؽƵһ֧Դڹؽ˼򵥵Ĺؽƣ
Ĳˣһصǣûκʵˣû˸Ԥ£ҪȥȷĻô͵ôǧ˿ơ۸ӵٴУȥѰԭˡ
š
ܳľѶȲС
ÿҽҪߵ·ڵ֪ʶ´ƵعãҪȥؽƵĻ
Ҳ˵ļͼؽһؽڣ˿ס
ܳһһ̲ĵĿ¼ֻؽһ½ڣͰ̫ݡ
ײˡBankartˡSLAPˡ硢ŶͷͷסŶͷͷѡ޴ˡϼƻؽڸǰλؽλؽڶԲȡ
ܳɸĿ¼ɼؽڳУһ
һʮڣ
еʹ
ļǾ͸ˣؽʯάһЩܳɼֱû
⻹ֻǼؽڡ
ؽڡؽڡŹؽڡϥؽڡ׹ؽڡָؽڲ֪㲻㣬㲿Ķؽڡ
⣿
ҪӺѧ𰡣
ģһֻܹסһܡ
ŴΡ
Ÿ
ⲻô

ƽӽʮ㣬ڿֵֵ࣬ҽһҹ
ȻͿܳɴ绰ˣЦЦ³ϺףʣôˣСܣ
еá
ܳɼֱ̫ˣһֱƵĸԾӣ
ⲻƵļֵۣϣܹܳɵӸŤ
ǵһμܳɲ绰
ܳɲˣƾ͵
Ҳһ˿ССĶȤζ뿴ܳżĶȤζɡ
Ȼƾܳ˵ʦʱ򣬲ֱȽ϶ҪЩ
ڶ֪ÿЩʲôˡܳץסص㣬Ȼƻص㡣
˵ǿɾͽˣĹؽڲˣÿؽڶУֻܼһؽڵġ
ǰҽԺֱȲطЩ͵ҽԺֻҪпһؽڣǿ϶Ҫġ
ҲؽڵĲҪ˶ҽѧĲˣҲſ
ҽԺƷҲԽȥԤơƾ˵
صǲܵģ
ʱŵĻᶼ㡣
ΪЩԵõ롣
ڶ棬ܳɵһȻػأŶǿڲ￴ˣͱҪ˽ơ
ˣʦлл㰡ʦ
׼ĴϺʱ;òˡ
ʲôˣ
˵ʲôˣͶŶǿ
ǿɲǿ
㻹в˶񲡷Ĳһ͸κð
ƹҶϵ绰е㲻ˡ
òƣһطǵûܳΪѺżӣֱװˣ
Ҳδ·ϡ

ƴ绰֮ܳɲ̰Լ֮ǰ˼·ȫ㡣
ΪԼ˼·ˣ
ﲻͬڲĲˣҽͻ߽ӴĵطƵĵط
˰ѹͲÿһˣͱҪ˵⵱ֻҪṩɽĴ˼·ɡ
൱ڣֻҪ̵Ϲ̣
ֻϣƵĻǾͼ򵥶ˡ
൱ǻΪˣܹܳĶ׼ʱ䡣
΢һ˼·֮ܳɱ㿪ʼһֵģ⡭
ѡģʼЯϡ
1.ؽھؽڡؽڡϥؽڣ2.ؽλλ綨弶3.ؽھؽڡؽڡϥؽڣ
̻ܣ֫ʾ鼰Σ綨壩
š
ֻܳЯ˱ȽϼһԵĶȻģĿģǿܲܵõ֫ʾ鼰Σ綨壩Ĵʼܡ
ԴڽʣǣҽѧпҵԴͷϣ
ǿԡڵġ
ͺñȣܳģ֫СппλʱҲһһȥȡģȻջᱻ֫Сппλڹ̶
ģ⿪ʼ
ڿѾӵһĵλѾIIȨޡɵֵࡣ
Сѡ˼ȡƸIIIȨĴ㣬㿪ʼϼҽʦ
ӵʵĽѧ׼Ƶҽѧ֪ʶȻܹɳIIδܴﵽ֮ǰˮƽҲ𽥻ϼҽʦӡ
Ƥϼҽʦ
Ƥֻܺؽڡϼҽʦֻ㿴ؽڡ
ʱܳ£Ϊе㲻̫˼
εģ˼·ǲסƲţһֻ̰࣬һؽڡ
ɹõԺƸᣡ
ܾ̫ʼרؽƵѧ
֮ϵͳԵļؽڳ漲Ͼ飨ͨϼҽʦڹؽϵ츳ޡ㣬Ҫ࿴飬ǿƲ͹ؽ鵰⡣
ʵרóĴͦõģܾˣкǿѧϰϼҽʦжˡ
֮Źؽڳ漲Ͼ飨ͨĲܱ˹ؽλַλϡϼҽʦ㣬;˶ٰǸ
ȻУƤѧϰ
ʮ֮ϼҽʦΪΣҽԺĹؽƣΪ֧ߣΪ˿Ԫϡͬ¶Ǹ򹷡λ
Ȼִ˲ƣظϼҽʦΪҽʦ㣬Ծǲϼҽʦ
ʮ֮˼ؽڡŹؽڳƾ飨ͨ
Ҳܲ㣬ȥԺ״ڡ졯ɻɵĳϼҽʦϼҽʦԡ
Ժƽ顯
꣬ϼҽʦҲڻ굥ƿڴȻ޶ԡ
ʮΪҽԺҽʦϼҽʦݣ㣬ɧšˣڵλ
ϼҽʦľĸһҳڿҡ
ϼҽʦǰסԺҽʦӻ
˶Ϊϼҽʦ㣬ţ򹷣ϼҽʦƿڴҽԺϿƶȽ˼Ϊ
ʮ꣬ϼҽʦݣΪԪϵʸ񣬳Ϊ˹ؽƵĲΡȻݷƸϼҽʦʵ࣬
ڣĳһ죬ϼҽʦͻĻ
ܳɿʱǳ¡
Ź֡
ǰƸô
Լʼ˵ʮ꣬ɹݡȻ֪Լ㣬ܾҽԺʵķƸ롣
ʡںҵڵѾˣʡڣ֪򹷣һǳɹλ򹷣뿪ҽҵգʮꡣ
ģۣ޷ۡһΪѧϰֶΣӣڲ˼ͥҵ
վǲ۲۵򹷡
ѡһ
⼼ܣ綨壩ĺڣѾ˼ޣ綨壬븱֮Բĺӡ
ؽڳϾ飨ͨ
ŹؽڳϾ飨
֫ؽڳϾ飨ͨ
ϼҽʦѪϼҽʦѧʶͨע˴ģУϼҽʦԹֹһεҪѧȫ㣬֤ףĿ£ɧš
ֻϣ㲻Ҫٿˣ
źɫıǩ
ˣ˴ΪʹõߣһƷֱӹ̻ʹã
ۿ
ܳɿջʱĿⲻһ
ģһεģ˼·ô͵ô
ǲģĹУƸƷŶ
ٰܳϷ˷
ӵģεģ˼·޳ܣģܳˡ
Ҳˡ
ôڵ㲻̫°
ˣģ⸱ѡ
˫ĬģʦԲΪȫҽѧ˵ġһǷǳĹס
ܳʰ֮
ֱѡ
Ȼֱѡ˹̻֮ܳˣ
ƾǲ㱻Ʒˣ
Ҳ϶Ǳˣ
һļܸΪ֤ݡ
ܣ۸λۿŸλְݶڹ̶񾭷ؽƾ飨˶ҽѧˡؽڷ򣩡֫ʾ顢崴ݷʹþ顢ؽƾ飨˶ҽѧ˵ȷ򣩡׹ؽڡؽڡŹؽƾ飨˶ҽѧˡؽڷ򣩡
ͨܣؽƾ飨ؽƷ򣩣ϥؽƾ飨˶ҽѧؽڷ򣩡ƾ顢Ⱦƾ顣Źؽڡϥؽڡؽûͷޣ
nia
ܳһ£ƾȻһԵظˣʮ;ͨļܣȫIIIܡ
ͬʱģ⸱ٴδʾ
ܹ̻ϣͬʧٻ֣
ģ
ǲģȥˣ
ܳ촽һж֮󣬶ʱ˴ͷ
ȻϽ绰ơ
ƽֵ࣬ǿԻؼҵģȻʱؽΪֵסֵҡ
㻹ܳɴ绰ƺǺһЩôˣСܣ
ⶼˣ㻹˯
ˣˣĿʼˡ
ٺٺٺ١
ܳƵƺеߵɫеСС˷ܣͲŷ
Լģ棬ôģֱӰʵеƸˣǾ͵òʧˡ
ܳ׼õģ˼·Ͷһ¡
Ů²еҲ϶²ֻҪҪܹѧܶѧĶ
ֻ˼·ܳɻһֱûùңʵ뷨˵ֻѧϰԶһЩҲ
ƶƷˣܳû뵽ġ
ģ硣
ţϾ˯ˣʦǱûʲôɣææܳҪΪȷƵ״̬ô
ɱ£ֻҪ£
ɶ˵˸⡣
ʵ⻹ǵһε޹ءɧš
Ƶüͷһš㻹˰ôǲǾãŹһƺӶ˼Ǹ㲻ĹؽλҲˣ
ֲô룬֮ǰǼΰ֮û취ΪӶƲǵһֽӴˡ
Ϊһߣƻǲµġ˱طҲ㹻֪ʶֱӰѲԸ⴦Ĳ˴ߣ
ûûУʦҪ̫ˡܳںߵ
֮־̫á
ģ̣ȫǻʵģԼʵж̫ˣ᲻Ҳֱû˰
ҪԺͺ΢ֵ룬΢䵭㣿
ԡ
ܳ˵ľ
ϢɣҲҪһ֪ûвء
Ͼŵ鷿㳶ˣⶼˡûԼġ
üж˻⡣
ܳﵽ׻Щ˵ģƻܶܳļ䣬㣬죿꺮ůⲻǳô
˵ģɶĵģ
ܳҲͽҶ˵绰
һͷĪ
ýܳͨ绰еģе㲻̫ġ
ˣʱȥܳżӰɡ

ܳƹҶ֮ͨ󣬾͸Ͻʼ´εģ⡣
Ϊһģ˼·õƵѧʶͿԲüȥѧؽƵؼˣȻģʣµIIܡ
IIܣһһģ⵽
ģ֣ܳⷢԼлõܽ˽֮¼֮䣬Ȼʼ΢ķӦ
֪ôģȻԶϳȼļܣ
ؽп綨壩
ؽڹ̶綨壩
˵ʵؽпȼǺ⣬ؽڹ̶ܳԼûرס
˼άӴ֮󣬴֪ʶӿ뵽Ժʱܳɵɫһ

ԭ
ܳɰʼǵıʼǱ֮󣬶ʱüͷ΢
ؽڹ̶ǳʽǶѧƽ֮󣬲΢ӦܳȻȻصõһЩӦԲԡ

ΪԹؽѧʶãһغϳܣܳһӻȻ
ƺеô㡣
ܳҲ֪Բԣܳɴ˿̵뷨
һɽɽԼ֮ǰĽǶȣȥؽƣֻΪأƣ߲ʣ
ڶɽɽɵ˽֮󣬲ҷɽ֮·֣ᷢɽһԵִĵ㣬ҵɽ»ؿʱ
֣ᷢʵǵɽҲһɽʯɵľһĺεʶѡ
ûʲô߲ʣҲûʲôֻ㵽ûɽ
֪֪
Ȼֻܳع鵽˴Ƶļʱ֡
ɽɽ
ͺñȹ۵ַλܳվɽѾǴﵽ߷ʱ򣬺ȻһӣڿѰĹУ֣ԼվɽʵҲֻһθ߶ȣǵݵ㡣
磬֢Ӧֻվλöѡ
ʵˡۣȻûбɽȻǸ߲ʣһЩۣ޷ַλģھԵַλ֢ġ
ֻ֪޶ѣҪδ޶ȣ㻹ûҵӵһȥڶ㾳·Ȼ£߲ʡ
ܳе뵽һ仰֮Ű
ʵǶ֪ȻСϵشƺƿֻһʱĶ컨壬ᱻϵƿҪȥŬزƿ
ҽѧõļޣأ
ܳɲ֪Ҳ޷лش𣬲Ѿǽ·ϣ;ķ羰

ա
ϲּ
ĩĵһ졣
Ȼ˵ҽû˫ĩ˵ĩҽԺﲻĹ涨Ǻôܹҽһ
ͺñֵҽأֵ˶ʮСʱ󣬾ߵ𴲣ʼдյֵཻ౾Ȼ׼ղ鷿Ĳݣ׷Ժ˵Ժ
׼ӭ°ĩĵ
ԶϾԣȴǱӲͷƤأһĩһ죬ڰ˵֮ǰңصĽ࣬ʼһֶʮĵֵ֮ʼ
Ͼ׼ʱ׼صҽ칫ҵġ
˽֮ٺѹʵأ㿴ڹȺ淢ǸϢ𣿡
ҽԺһϼҽʦסʦdissˡ
ˬǵһΣסΪסԺҽʦȥdissϼG
ϾרҵоҲ˹࣬ѧоģ񶼹ϸܳסԺҽʦûκȻҽԺײ㡣
ƽϼҽʦսս˿棬ϼҽʦȥס״Ȼùڻжס·ݲϸ
⻰ʱĿЦ
֪ܲ
סdiss˾ǿҵģ֣١
Ϣôдġ
գԺзסҽʦϼҽʦƳ鷢ڴˣٴͨλס࣬ҪڸרƿңϸԼԼıְϼҽʦģȨ޺ͷ֮¡
ǧҪԽ£çײ¡
ֻҪǲΥ棬Υɵ£ͬ鷢ֱӴ绰ס죬ס콫ֱؿҵĴʦйͨԽӣ
λסԺҽʦǣ
ȻҲúˬ֣ټֱǲٵ
ģŲ˵˵һס಻Ըȥ
˵Ļ
Ҳ˼˵ڰ
̨֣֮پͱȥҽƺס죬˫̿򣬾ݺ˵Բ鷿
ز֪ϼҽʦ˭֪ԭʼ
죬֣˽֫󣬻ƻ˹ǿƲȻãǱ˵ļһξٱˡ
֣ٱٱˣܳɶٱˣ˵ܳûҽ¡
סԺҽʦٱҽֱӾͰסdiaoòУҹסθȥͶ߰칫ҡ
Ȼһɨľ徭סͶ߰칫ҰͶ߰칫ҵֵԱ֣ٿνùѪͷǰƽڸܵί֣ͷˡ
ҽԺͶ߰칫ģƵһֵҽ˵
ǸסʦôʵģҪ𣿡
ס죬ûҲס죿סǵĳͲ𣿡
ס಻ȥҪסҽԺе𣿡
Ҫסȥ𣿡

ҲGװһҲ±ƵıϾ
֣ϼ鲻ʣסûʵǸ˹ǿƺ֣ٵӣûҪ֣ڿ
˲³ˣǵ飬ؿ϶˵ڵġ
ϾЦЦٺ٣˭;úˬͶˡ
ٰԺȥƹʱ򣬲ηηˣԼıְͿˡ
ҲͷӦУ˵ǰ
žͲͶϾˣȥתһȦǸ֫˵ô
ʵѾˡ
ϾҲ͵ͷʼԼĴλ²ȥˡ

Ĳ鷿ϺͲ̶ǶԲģϾΪΣĩûţκ͸ξͺˡ
̶ƺͶǧʢˡ
Ȼ˲귿ʱ򣬾Ϳˣ˿˲鷿
֣͵ˡ
ƴײϣƺΡ
Ҳ֪࣬͸Ͻ˵ʦȥ˰
šҲͷɫԹԴԼȥ鷿
ϾȨ˶еģҲͶٲ³˵Ϊʲô
֣βĩ鷿ˣ˵һЩˡ
򺣱ǳէߣ߽ʣǹǿƵĺΣĩԴ鷿ƵΣһֻܻη
תͷص£Լˡ
ȻҲ֣ٵڿﴫȻĻ֣Ժͺչˡ
ȻȫȻȡʵ֣ٵġ
֣ٱȳΪΣһѧҪͬһ꾺ߡ
ƲΪȥãҸƾ£Ҳˡ
򺣱æ͡

귿򺣱һһȦʣȨ磬磬߮磿Բ鷿𣿡
򺣱߮ӡνṆ̀ǰȥƵҺ򺣱ˡ
ƣ߰ʵҲĸ߰úܣ
𲻸ҹͷֳʹԴȥʶʶġ
Ѿ°ˣܳҲڰ칫ֻȨ򺣱Ҳûˡ
Ͼŷſȣ߮磬εӶʱĩôˣĩأ
߮ˣ鶼ࡣ
˾Ϳ°ˡ
򺣱ŸϽȥŻҩҩ
ҩȨģΪܳɲɹܴĻˣڵһ˳λĲҩʦ˳µر򺣱ȥ
Ҫһʱæҽ
򺣱ߺ󣬶ϾʣȨ磬һȿ𣿡
ðȨͷ
ȻЦ˵Ͼ磬ǲ֪ܳɸԲ֮ǰܳɸֵʱ˰㻹ҡ
еĻŶ
Ȩǹô˵ġ
֮󣬾ͷְģ
Ǯ̫ˣôڿһ췹˵
ϾΪеΣЦЦأȨôôأ㻹Ұ
ȻҲԼе㲻ԼȥܳæȡѧϰĻᣬֲˣκ˶ô
ȨͶһŴ¶һڰ˵ҿ϶ǲỳϾģҪҪϾѧϰϾһֵ࣡
ܳɸֵ࣬Ҹ㣬ȸ󸻣ҹͬԣȨ˼άȻú
Ͼĵͳ˳顣
nia
֮֮
ûд
Լܲˣ㻹Ҫҵѧϰ
ϾʵܲԸܾġ
Ŀ⸴ӵؿȨµ΢΢
ȨȴһЦվѶϾıʼǱ˹˵Ͼ磬ȥϢɣ鲻࣬㲡˵ҽͻҩҶˡ
Ϊ˲䷹ֶΣ
Ҳ˼Щ
Ͼ㷢֣˿Ȩ£ԼǼֱһģһ
գϾûסԼıʼǱ
ҲȥȨ
鸴ӵϢңе
òƣԼֶΣ̫TM˰ھ⵽Ӧô
Լˮƽʲô
ҪȥָȨһֵĻᣡ
ͺƣ
ܳɴ˿ϢԾϾŶܳɸû֮С
ϾһʼҲûܳʲôԹԵ˸λ
ãܳɾȻûӵı飬ûӵ顣
תͷܳɣʣܳɸ磬д
Ͼע⵽ˣܳǰ̯ϺصĿǰܾ
Ҫܳɸ磿Ͼɫһ𺳺͸
ܳɽ궼ʮ϶ʮ˰
ѾôˣҪȥоԼ
ܳԵͷͷ˶ϾһۣЦ˵ţһΣǲеĻǾȫͲٿˡ



һʮ ҽ棡
ܳԼʱֲòš
ûõģǰܳҲûҵرԼûܹоɡṲ̆ʵȡ
ȻҲ궼ߡֻǿרҵĻ΢˵ɡ
Ҫ˵̫ɣܳҲôΪ
Ʊҵ󣬲棬رˣмأ
ܹܴ⣬Эϼҽʦӣֵ࣬Ͷߵʱϼҽʦ㱨Լܸ㶨Ĳˣܹܺõش߻סԺ
ܳΪԼרҵϾͱͨסԺҽʦоһЩ
Ȼƺ̥߮ǻҪġ
ԼϾȵĻܳҲԼרҵϲϣֻ۹ǿƺҽѧܳҲñȶϾ
ϾܿϣͿϡ

һΣܳɻûϵĻľȥˡ
ûҪӲӲա
꣬ʮ뱾ƣйоأʮҵҲƽ͡һܳɾ͵ʮˡ
ٿĻѧʱ͵öʮ˱ʮˡ˶ʿҵʮһͷӽʮˡ
ûԵġ
Ͼ⻰ɫһĽƽϢ˵ܳɸ磬һеġ
ֻ룬ܳ濼˳ȥôԺҽԺҪܳˡ
ϣɡ
ܳɻ˸⣺鶼ǲ̫ࣿûµϣǸ㲻Ļҿæġ
ܳûԼݣֵͲܴǲ̶ϺӣڶϾ˵ԼϾƽġ
ܴı죬е̫ΪӶʿûס
Ͼҡͷǣܳɸ磬ڵĲ˺鶼̫࣬Ȼ˵תǺܿ졣
˺ܶࡣ
Ȩ磬˵һҩҿҽϾ˵ͣˣܳɣҲƺе⵱ʱʱܳɵĲˡ
ܳЦЦԶϾ˴Ĵֵָܼ·ӻͦ뻮һġ
ϾΣȴģβԸҲö˵ʲôֻϣȨϽףˡ
ܳ˵ܳɸ磬ѧϰɣȥһϢˡ
磬ʮһ㡣
ϾŴӴһ˴ܳ˵ܳɸ磬ҵķˣȥðڰ칫ҳԻϢҳԣ
ܳûϢҸѧϰĻϢ׵ġ
˵ζӰע˶Ͼôʡ
ȥ칫ҳ԰ɡ
ϣﻹͦƽȵİһﲡ˶ûСܳЦЦΪеԵá
ֵʱһ㶼á
ţûʲôϣһƽȵĶʮСʱϾü
ֵʱ򣬽ĻɲĬšͯ޼ɣͯ޼ɡ

Ȩɹز䱥˶ӺǾɾʮ㡣
ֻǣ˳ԹصϢҺȨܳڱоһƺе㲻Ρ
ҲоƱҵûϣû⵵¶ˡ
ܳ඼ҵϾܹҹǮˣȻûһ硣
ȨΪе
ܳɱԼҽѧҵߣֻ㰮ߡ
ȻȨҲδٻ࣬ȫΪ֪ȥо֮ҵõĹֱȥҹԣһ
ҹֻΪ򵥵Ҫҵ޹ء
ĬĬ˴Ȼ㿴ƵģҲ˼ˣǱϱӺһͳ΢
ӡ
ֵ໤ʿŵʱ˯˵ĶϾѾˣȨȻǺ˯ţаҪȥ˵˼
Ͼ۾ͷȨһۣ˷ۣҲֻʾ⻤ʿСϽ´Ьȥˡ
ŶʮӺ󣬶Ͼ߻ܳɽ˵ɹǾ۵ģ
۵ĲܳҲַλ֮ԲܳɣΪɹǾۣһȽҲȶĹۣҪиԤС
ܳɵͷ⡣

緹㡣
Ͼ˵ﲡˣȻŽܳȥԷʱ
Ȩ͵һӴֵ̾ˣ˦˦ͷ˯ʵ˵ˣ
Ȼֻһˣһ綼ûô
ܳʱվûʣȨӣҪ˯Ļؼȥ˯ֵĻʿΣһζûѡ
ȨΪҲʵ죬ԻؼҺú˯ƫƫҪֵＷš
Ȼ󣬶ٻӰ⡣
ܳҲȥŵģҪ¿ƣùܼŻʿ˷ѿĵ磬ֵš
Ȩ˿ɬΣ˵˼Ͼ磬һ˯̫ˡ
˵꣬Ҳƿ´ȻЬȥϴһ˷ܵȥ䷹
ϾΪεؿȨʵİϲš
Ȩ̰˯ܳɵָ£ɹеĵһ̨ؽǰλַλо
֤ԼʱĶ񲹣ЧģңؽǰλַλʵҲûôأֻԼ֮ǰһֱûӴ
ԣλַλ󣬶Ͼ̵ݵ˳ĸǽ
ڿСףˡ
Ȩ칫ҵʱ򣬾ŵζʱҺٿʼڣЦؾܳɺͶϾַзҴ򿪸ǣ׼ꡣ
ǻУԼСλˡ
극֮󣬶ϾȨȥϢɣҪȫڿţôҪһĩġ
һֵ࣬ȫ˶š
Ȩ㣬ɫЩǸ˵Ͼ磬Ƕ಻˼ٷʲô¶û
ϾûȨ⻰棬Ȩ۵ָ׷죬͹Լܶʮˡ
֪Ȩʵݵˣÿ棬¶Էˡ
ֻ˵ֵܣҪЩϸڡ
Ȼܳɣܳɸ磬ҪҲȥϢɣ
ܳҡҡͷˣҾڿõġ
ΣԼסԺҽʦɵľ¶ȻκͲ̶ΣֵĻô϶ͬһĴ
ϼϻؼ쾭塣
ңǮ
ǮôʾͶǱ˵ģôãҲҪԵЩԼǮ
ԼҪͼҪǮˣ¼Ĺʣܳɻڴġ
ȻȨ˵Ȩӣϲ鷿ùˣĲˣҺϾ㴦ͺˡöһˡ
ȨԣǳΪѵؿ˹⣿е㲻̫ðɣܳɸ磬ֵ඼ôˡ
ʵǣҿԶҪ緹·˰
Լǲ̫ˡ
û£Ҳ࣬úõعĩܰʦͲ̶ʦҪβˣ١ܳ˵
ȨͶϾ˶΢΢ſ죬˵ʦҲҪʼ𣿡
ĿǰʸģκͶǧʢΣ֣ٺȻΣɶûǵﰡ
յһ죬ǶǰǶݵڶŵġ
ǰϺĲ࣬Ϊβˡ
ţ죡ĩúϢܳɵͷء
֮Բȥһɾǣ췴ǵøȥˣһ²һ¡
͸ӾȨ䷹ͷˣͷȥ
Ͼ⻰˼Ϳʼ
Ȩ뿪󣬿ܳɳڿʱ͵͵˰칫ңȻƷȥϢʼ
ʦҪҪ˰æϾ֪ĺôġ
̶ÿܶ硣
ϾֻҪֵ࣬Ϊ̶ΨһӣȻÿαصġ
Ų̶Ͼѧ˲ڲ鷿ʱѧ˽
ĸĸ˵ƵƵֻ֮󣬾͸ϽСƣϽȥϢɣ߶ͦõģ㲻ø͹ҡ
ϰĵطôԶػܣڣͷ޷塢ݰͰ͵ϣһ˫۾￴ۺͽ
Ƶĸ֣ݣθϢƽ׶ΣҲǽܻӳԼ
֣ݾԼ䲻ͻݵ֣ԴԼθ֮Ʋ˲ȥѧҵɳ֮Ҳ˺õҽԺֻڰҽԺš
Ρ
ټϣ⼸ÿһ죬ͻסһϣʱ㣬ĵӾ͹ˣԼĩһһ졣
ʱ㣬ʮ໹ܹ
ÿϵʱͿԿԼĶӣ˴ȻԽ潭ȥϰࡣ
֣ǿȰƺܶΣƶûᣬֻ
֣ϣԼĶԼģ֪Լ࣬ܶ࿴һƣ㣬һۣϣԼܹȢӣԼӣһܰļңȻٱĿ
ǰΥԸ
ԼĲѼﲻĻ컨˲࣬Ƶ׶޲٣󣬱㶼֮ƶʮˣûɸң
Ҳ˸ֻʣһƳ
ԼֵϷӣΪһֱֵ֣˼ƲŰ
֣ΰ
û¶裬ҹǱ߲æҲҼã鰡æġ
ĩһ𿴻Ӱɡһ߸Լĸ׵ŵƵһߵָϾظ
ҽܳæˣֵ࣬ȥϢ
֣εؿԼӵЦ۽Ǽˮ
ǸϽֻᣬȻ˵裬û£һᣬô飬۲šڵӣҶʱС
Ҳ֪ʱʮһҴ绰ʱ򻹴ءƿοĸס
ֻȥ
һֺ֣һ𷭿ᡭ

ϾƵĻظʱɫһȻЩʧػصŶõģʦ
ֻǣڻƺ󣬶Ͼֵ´Ҫæʱʦ˵һ
Ȼе㲻Ըġ
ֻǻظ꣬Ͼ־Լǲ̫̰ЩԼͿԸŲ̶ҪȥƵ
ǣԶϾְϢˣȻ˵ǰʼýյĲ

գ硣
ߵʮƱǰϵ˿
򺣱ѾˣƱ˵˵㣬鷿ȻϾѿĲ˺ҽͻҩһ£Ϳ°ȥˡ
ʼ鷿ɡ
ʱǰ˵㣬ƳҪȥĩĲ鷿ҪһȦġ
Ҳְڣ
Ȼò̶˲鷿ǰ̶Ͼҽʦˣĩ鷿ǰɵˣò̶ĻǾе㲻̫ˡ
ɺԼıְ

귿ƾܳȥǱߣܳɾҺ󣬾ͻڿһϾΪϼҽʦҪලÿҽġ
ȻҲ飬ϾҪԶźõ㡣
ܳɸƽҺŽҺ󣬾ⷢ֡
ҵϣƿȪˮ
Ȼһ״Ѹּ鵥˴ż鵥X߼鵥CT鵥񾭼ͼļ鵥PETCTļ鵥źš
˵ͷͷżʶҲ֪ڸ
ѵߴˣ˳ȥҵҺš
312
û
߽ŷǸ鵥ðͷˣȻһûֵĴ
Ȩ
ܳգգ۾ΪԼˣ
Ȩ͸ϽЦ˵ܳɸ磬˰Ϊʦû˰æŹæġ
û˵ʵΪ䷹ķһҵƿ׼ȷҺš
ңΪܹ䷹ȨǰҲͲøˣ£϶зԡ
ܳɾ˵ϲ鷿ʦ֪ڵĻƾͲˡ
ȨæҲǸʦ˵ˣܳɸ磬鲻ɣǲϾǻкܶû갡
ֻһ˵ĻôȨ䷹ǲûѹģҲ벻һ硣
ĺţʮԺ󷢹ʣʣ¾ʮſǮ취пܶסȨţȻ࣬ǻؿҵġ
࣡Ͼͺ˲ˡ
˵ţҲʹˣڱܳɣȥŵԣ㵥мȿȻ󡣡
δ˵꣬ƾͷ˲ԾĵطG
ôһ˸Ȩ
ߵĻȻֹ
ȨƼЦݣ˵ʦұǹæģû뵽ܳɸ˰æˣһǻȥɡ
ȨˣưܳɽԲֹܳæô򵥡
϶¡
ƴܳɽܶСӵĹϵЩ¹Ʋ˵ԼǲǾʹŵƺ֮ܳİŰ
ո⻰Ȩóܳɵġ
ҿ
ס൥Ҫ˵ȥ
Ʊɫӵؿܳһۣܳ޹һ˿϶ҽġ
ǶڰǾһ𿴰ɡСȥĲ˵ſŶӡ
Ͳ˵ֻŶӵţӵһɲֻҪвӵˣ˾ֱŵһ
ϡ
ܳɳţƵĻһ̼ſڵһѲ˾̸ɢŶȥˡ
ȻҲмСֹ
ʲô˲𣬲Ǹҽôء
Լ֪ǵġ
һˡ
ƺȺ˾ư̫ѿԲˡ
ĩĺţʵ١
Ϊ󲿷ֵϰ尡ֻĩʱ䣬յ٣ѱ׼
ĺţˡ
ܳûᣬֻǰѵһ˺ͼ˽ȥ
һʮҵŮԻߣüͷţ·ߵúȻߵ˵ԶĻɫϡ
ưȨдʲʷˣãﲻ
û취ȨˣֱӰߣҲδе̫ʡ
ܳаţָֻܷȨһˡ
˾ϻ˵ҽұߵĸ첲ﰡ۵úر𴲻ͷʱ򡣡
һ̧͸оܲˡ
ȨеӵģʣжˣܹûУһʼôʹԽԽʹ
ԽԽʹûܹ˰Ӵʹаˣãر죬һʹúһ˵ţһְָһ¡
۵üëƵġ
Ȩ顣Ժ󣬱
ﲻͬڲܺͲ̫á
ܹһٸţʱŰ˵ʮ㣬㵽룬ܹ߸Сʱһİʮӡ
ƽÿֻķְӵʱ䣬ҪУýʡʱ䡣
Ȩˣһ¡
飬ʲôƴ˿Ѿ״̬ȨԸ
ǿæ벻°
Ȩ̶߶µվ
ܳߵȨλȥʼд
ﲡ˵ĲдͬҪдǷǳҪƾ֤֤˲飬Ϊ˸ȷ
ȨĻǲ̫Ĺػλ
˴֣˵̣Ҫ飬΢еʹҲ̫΢һ°
ɷ˵û£ҽ㲻ÿרҵģҲ㻵
Ȩֶû˾̰ࡣࡵؽ
ŵȨ֣ٶˡ
һ޹ؿŲ˺ͼңⶼû
˵ɷ˵ҽֶûˣֿʼ˰
ʮί˵ۣۣ
üͷһ壬ʾȨ
Ȩ߶µؼǰ˿ҶáǸһĵ˲˵ļǰҵƶ
ʹʹʹʹʹǲͣض֣·Ȩжһﶼʹ
ƼüͷȨǲԽˡ
⵽׻ҪҪ鰡ۿ˿ƣƴ˿ޱ飬üͷ壬Ҳڡ
Ȩıð
䷹TNDѰ
Ȩʵ֪ȥ飬ֻǰ΢һ£׼ȵļ顣
ƺһʹ̼ӾƵģվ
УֹܶذȨָסˡ
Ȩϰ˻
޹˵ûôҰ
ܳɿ˾ʱüͷһ塣
ɨһۣվ
ոȨļ飬Ŀԣûϵͳ
ǲеģҲƽȥȥʣҲʹ
ָŸոȨλãҲ
ۣ۵˻̷Ե͵ߣźݺݵصһصײϹϡ
ȻýƽԼסˡ
˾̷ܳ˲Ծĵط
Ҳĺúõģҽжǰɣ
ٴοһۡ
ƱʵôʹǰûƵ
긾Ůҡҡͷ˵ûУһֱûУͦõġҼ¿ʼӾûסԺСðƽʱС
ҽʲôܸܲҿҩҪҪ飿ܲܲ鰡
鶼ܹ󣡡ƺе㵣ĺͳɡ
Ƶ˵ͷҡҡͷ˵ҩֹʹԣ
ʹǺܵģҪ֢
ǳ˶֢Ҫ򰡣ԻҪ㿪ġҽ۾۷̥˭Ҳû͸ӡ

ڵĿƼǿȥ輸˫͸ӵ۾ֱӿ档
룬ϹһҽԺҲΪҽһҩôȥˡԲԣ
ʹ⣬ҪʹҪֹʹ֮⣬ҪҵԭҰѸԭ
¡
ͺñȥ׹ΣڵĵһӦǷݵɻ
˷Ҫ˵ѵֻɻ𣿿ŵͼָ·Ӿܵҿ϶϶Ҳ˵ԵġֻûҪǲ
Ʒǳٵؽ뵽Լ״̬ҽĻǳĥԣ൱רҵճ
˵ƳܳСֻ˸Ȼıİϲ
ϻ㻹Ҳèô
⻰긾ŮɷЦЦҽῪЦ·Ӿȥ׹ģ
˼
Ȼ󻹶ԼŽ˵ѵ·ȥ׹
ˣɻΪ˸ӷ;׼
һؽMRƽɨXҼؽбλѪ桢ѪCRPһ񾭼ͼǵٲһᣡˣ϶ܳɵ
ܳԵͷϻ˵Ȩӣҿҽд鵥ɣ
ǰüһƸոֱⷬܳɴ۽簡
ԭβˣֻǼ򵥵ϡЩ
˲Ѵ֮˵˲飬һ⣬⹤򣬿˲ð
й
ΣڿͲͲ̸ˣˣܳɵһο벡֮Ĺͨ
ƷԸһ䣺ƽʱؽʹ֮⣬طʹ𣿡
УżҲСûôʹʱеʹʱҲʹƺʲôظ
⻰ͻȻվְȨдļ鵥סˡ
ȨϽ̧ͷһ±ơ
ܳǸϽͣ˿ҽĶеĹâҪ͸
ƽʱʹöЩұʹöЩҿӦ߸ʹһЩɣͻȻʣͬʱһϲ
üһˣ
ĵһ˾ȻǸļ
ˡ
ܳɣš
ԣһ£֮ǰ޷һߵļȻҽ˵ÿ׼ʹࡣ
ϣ˵ֱֶˣ
ǿʼԵظߵļ
Ҫ֪֮ǰ⣬ġ
ܳһ£ֲϹײˡ
⣬Ȩ˶ɵˣ˵ɷҲˣ
֪⵽ʲôҲרҵģҲ֪֮ǰôʣʲô˼
ڣ
˿˿ľ֡
δ֪Īľ֣Ŀŵؿơ
죬˵ͷĺ˴ź񾭼ͼɣ
ѲȴȥϢһ£Ȼٽü鵥϶еˡ
˵ļϵ˵ͷȻҲʶưԼ֧϶лԼ˵
ӳź͸ϽŶ߽ѹҽô£ôͻȻͣ
᣿ɫ䣬ĪȻָָԼԿǡ
ۿֱţƼֱһģԼųֵʹתƣ
ȨҲתͷƣĿĺȻ֮ɫ
ƳĬһ£۽ǲϵܳߣӽ̸ûˣ߾ԼȽϴĴ̼Щ
ոҲˣֶܻġʹתơ
ʹʹԵģǿ͹۴ڸ첲ġ
λá
˵ʱ򣬾Ȼ֡
ܳô°
Ȼ⣿
Ϊʲô᲻Ⱑ
ô
Ӧǵİ
⣿⣿
ûаҿ϶֪ʲôĴ̼
ҲӦðʲô鶼ûӻһȦҲûҵһ˵ϵĵ㡣
ҽڸô죿ǻҪ𣿡ʡ
ҽרƵļȲ㻹Ǵȥڿƺúõؼһ¡ⷽ棬ǹǿʵΪƺܱǸض˵
ųؿҵ֢״֮󣬲˻ʹǰɡҸļҲȲˡƻǸԼĿҽһ·
ãҲֻˡε˵ͷ˳ȥ
ߺƲûżһˣǿܳɺȨ
ˣ˼ģ˭˵˵
һ˵̵˼
Ŀ⿴ܳɣЦЦ˵ˣ˼ɣ
㵭˰ɣ
Ȩ˼ЦȦΧһջ
ãԼƿֱȡġ
ܳԣüͷһʦ֢ʹĲˣƽձȽ϶𣿡
ܳȻͨѧʶ֪Ҳ֪Ƿ񳣼
ܳ仰ֱƵһ
˲˵ļϲ˵Ϊ˰ܳɴȥԼȥ룬ȻԼٰܳɵ˼·ۻ
ôһܳȻȻͶˣҪרƣҪ
ܳڣһ㶼·ƣڱ˵ʱ򣬾ֱӰѰǰ˳
TMǻʲô˼
ңܳʵĲ˶಻
Ķʱʧ񣬵һԼʤĽ棬˸ƽ֡
ܳɴƽ֣ǾԼǰ˵ġ

ûü롣
Ȩ죬ͷܳɣֿơ
ʣʦʲô֢ʹոˣ֢ʹ
ȨŲʵԭ
ȻͿܳɾͿڽ
ʱĵڴȫ򷭣֪ܳⲡûзӵ;Ҿͻˡ
Ӵιڹؽƻβ˻


һʮ ɶװBҪܣ
ƿܳɣܳɾתͷȨš
ȨĴϵ۾¶˼Ϊ֮ɫ
ܳɾ˵֢ʹʵҪֳ֢Ҫ֣ʹ֢ı֮һ
ֿ֢ɳΪתϰ׻ľϰһ־񼲲
ʽʹ⣬г鴤ͻȻ̱ƶ߼ˣԱΪϲŭ޳ѡʧȡ
Ȼıʽû֡Ǿ˵˰ɡ
֢ʹһΪԵġ
ֲ˵ʹ֢״˲ʹȫһġ
ʹʹҲԺܿòʹص֮һ
򵥵һϷʽ΢һ²ˣܲʹͻȻתơ
ͺñȸոʦ䲻£ͻȻ˲˵˼·
ʹӦ࣬ҲԼʹľ࣬ʵϡ
Ƕˣ˸սʱ򣬲˸˵ʹλʵҲ࡭
ܳ˵ô࣬ΪܹȨ⡣
ȨϵҰæ٣ܳһ˼
ոͿ͸ˣܳҲ͸ˣȨȫԴ˲˽⣬ֻܳܰ˸ͶιҲͶұˡ
Ǽ֯һԺ󣬼
ǳתʹĻĻô͸ȥڿƻǾƾơǹǿƣβֶġ
֢ʹڴӦ֮󡣿Ƕ˺ͼܹȷûܹˣҲûָԵӦ
ǣֱӴԵӦŽӦ
һЩ£ܻΥǼֵ۵£Ҳ֡
磬˽ͨ¹ʣΪܺߵݣҪǮʱһʼû֢״װ֢״װĴ˷ˡҲۣ
һǽԳ񫣡ĳڱֳʹ֮˱ƽʱģǳҪĹעĻҲ֡
ԣǾĲˣഺڵŮܸڵĸŮҲ˼ȽУҲԶЩɡ
ܳ٩٩̸ǳ
þȨƵƵͷ
һʼ𾪺Ȼת˻Ȼ
ܳİѲϸ˵ģȻûܽᣬǴӷƵȺԭ˵˳Ȩˡ
ֲһû˵Ȩʮ⣬Թ˹ӡʾܳɵľ͸л
ֻЦЦ˵һ˽ɡ
ҲΪΣȻܳɵĲǿʶҲû˵ʲô
ֲʵǹؽƵĲ֣ھƵģҲڹؽڿ˺üΣȥ˽ġⲢûʲôھƣֲҲڳϵС
ܳɿȽ϶࣬ʶҲûʲô
һΣһҪһΪרҵĲ
ܳ׼Ҫ̧ӣȨ˵ܳɸ磬ȥ
ȨףĿģΪ˲䷹ģﲡ˶࣬϶ûʱʲôѧ鷿һףѧܳԸ˵
ʱ䶼ǼżõģһӶ˷ѡ
ڶ˺ܿͽˡ
һ֫ԻεŮԣӰķ֣ɫܺڣͷףûô
һȳһյ˽Ա߷һʮĸŮһ˵裬㣬Сӱˡ
֮ܳɾͺܿע⵽֫Եڷ˫֫Բƽ⡣
ȳ࣬·ʱŵغҲһһڡ
ŵصʱüͷ壬ҧгݣƺÿһʹȫУ
֚šȣʹ˶ˣȨк˾
Աߵ긾Ůصʹʮˣһʹ·Ҳʹ˯ʹҽԺ￴ˣԹҩһʱ䣬ʹòˡ
ҽԺչƬ𣿡Ȩһţһ߿šŵϴӣȻдŵCҽԺ
УкüˣҪҪҪһµģŮһȡһƬӣһ˵ǰҽԺʱҽ˵ǰƬӶûʲôá
ÿθ鶼գƬ˺ܶࡣ
ʮǰڵĶš
Զʱһ𣬸Ͻ˵ãЩƬˣ
ЦЩXߣֱͿ͹۵ؼ¼ŻߵĲ鷢չ¼̣ôûã
˺ͼû˵ʷ˵ôϸͿ͹ۣ׵Xߣ˵ʵؼ¼һּķչݱ̡
ƬӺܶ࣬еû룬ǰʱ˳еģX֮⣬CTͺ˴ţCTͺ˴Ŷ׵ģ
óҪôϊ֚ǸˣҪôߵ긾Ů֪ϱŮˣʰܵ
ΪƬӱȽ϶࣬ܳɼÿ˶һƬӿԿ
ȼƬӿǰ˼µƽƬڵĲΪʱŲ죬ƬݣȴֻЩ΢زˡ
ܳŵһǰģŵġȨŵǾŸǰġ
ܳƬʱ򣬾ͷ˷ǳԵϥؽڹԹؽף
ϥؽڷΡ
һһŵط˺üƬ֮ĸһ
üһƬӣе˼ˣ㿴ȨʣȨ㿴ʲô𣿡
Ȩɫһͣ۾󼸷֣ؿתͷصϥؽף
ԣʱͷ˷ۡ
tui
ʲô
ؽּΪרҵϣҲ˼˵ڣ
ؽҲкܶ໮ְԹؽסŧԹؽסԹؽסʹԹؽס
ǵȨǹؽƵˣҲͲ²ˡ
ƻûתͷܳɵʱܳɱ긾Ůǰ۹
Ȩתͷܳɡ
۹
ôģ
ܳɸ磬ǿĻģ
ɲ˵
ԣɫһ
ؽ׳֢ͿԻֿ⣬ҲԻֿ
˵ȷǾĹԹؽס
Թؽ׵󾭵־ǹؽڼ϶խ͹ؽǵĥдڶϵģҲͬƬǳԿԶݡ
ǣ
Թؽ׵ϣǲϣһ㳣óϣͨѯʲʷܰϲȫ
Ϊ㶼ʣô֪ǲǴˣ
Թؽס
ȻԹؽ׵Ĵ˾Իд˵ϵģҪΪƬɣܹóǰ۹ܹˡ
ǼΪרҵƬɡ
׼XܳȨһεģû뵽ŸտʼȻֱֱܳɸ˵ˣ
ȨϽ긾Ůǰй𣿡
ûаţûסԺҲûܹ˰
Ů˳һ£ǳȷ
תͷõػһ飺裬ǰ۹ҽG
ȻЩ˼˵ҽţҼ޹֮һֱԣȲ̫ãҲû
Լϱ˵Ļ̧ͷ˵ͷŶ
ͷйǶǺСʱˣʮꡣҶڵ
ʱϼҸɻˤˣ۱ҽ˰
ҽô֪ҹͷŶ
Ҹ˶ˡ
ǿ˰˽ĻƵö߰˷֡
ȻסȨ֣Ȩеۡ
Ȩһҿ(Fo)
ǹ۹
ƬϿġ֚Ȩֻ˻ء
ͷȥƬʱ鵰
ƬûдԹؽ׼ְ
ؽڱξǴԹؽô
ɶ
ƱĶϱǰɣ
ţ긾Ů˵ͷ
ѾǳˡھѾ·ˣոҲˣÿһһļ尾
˵ʵߣҶǼΪģź̵ʹƸп
긾ŮͷǺܳԿˣҺϹʮǰˣɵʱ᲻ǮҲûǿߣҵʱҽ˵Ͳ󣬾˵
ҴȥҽʱŻǲҾֻܴˡ긾ŮΪε˵š
ԣ͵ͷţ֮ǰЩʱĻ϶ҪһϼǼꡣ
ڻܼߣ֤⻹ûή
Ҫˣºֱӵ
Ǹ˼Ĳؽڱ֮أλָߣΰѻ֫ĳȸ±εĹؽֱ
һսԵġ
Ϊڴ˫ֶеõˣ˸ӵĳιؽûܹΪڿ￪չĵһ̨ؽûĻ
̹һطĸо
Ҫϊ֚һŵվϵʹ
˹ؼ⣺ǣǴҪǮ
ϊ֚ʣԱߵ긾Ů˵裬šģҽҽˣġ
Ȼתͷƣѹ˵ҽǮ˵
᲻Ǯġ긾Ů
Ҫ׼Ҫؽûؽڵļϡǲġޱ
˭᲻Ǯһء
ҽ
ҽԺôǲҪ˵㰡긾Ůʡ
ǵҽԺʱҲҪؽûҪרȥרҵǮǲģҪԼĻǾԼȥɳпרҵķˡ
ƱЩΪѵػصҲ֪GҽԺҽܲû۲ˡҲҲܲõ͸Ӳ֪ˡ
ߵĻʡһҲҪࡣ
ܳɣдϣйؽû̱ήȷա
ô˵ֵҩǿ϶ˣ㿴
ƽƬϣĹؽѾȫˣûκεĹؽڼ϶ͷĥŹͷٶֹʹҩֹסֹʹҩֻθܵ˺Ҳ˷Ǯ
ڵ֢״Ѿ·ˣҸոҲˣÿһԶǼ尾
긾Ůɫһ䣬̱
ϽʣĻŶû̱
Ҳвˣȥ֮һֱܾһֱ˲Ļô̱Ҳ󡣡ƿɲұ֤˭˵׼
֮·𣿻᲻Ҫλƹȣʡ
ҪƹȻεĻҿ϶Ͳ˰ˡ
̱ˣڵ綯϶ܶǮüˡ
ԤȻδػܺãֻҪָúãúã̫̫·Ҳġгػص
Ӱˣϴ·Щ򵥵ļ񣬿϶ǲġ
ָ˵š
긾Ů۾ʱһлл˰ҽҿһ£
˵ҪֻͨѶ¼ƺ׼绰ˡ
΢ԥһºֱӵŶҽֱӸҿסԺ֤ɣҴȥסԺˡ
ƳܳŬŬʾ⣬ܳɸϽȥдסԺ֤ˣеĿɿڴظƵ˸ޡ
ȻŶ긾Ů˵ҪҪͼáǶһķԵģҷҲ١
ȥгô򵥵顣Ȼ뿪չĵһ̨ؽûǣɲΪȥġ
ţõġҽһͼ˺úġ긾Ů˵
ո˵һܾ˵ɡ
Լţ֮ܺú·ϴˣԣǽһ밡ԼҲԺúϰ࣬˽̡
һټá
ȻȥǿƶԤԼɣӦúܿܰסԺ˵ţǸϊ֚һۣ̾һ
ˣΪӱһӣ˷˳ԼûǮĻԼû̫ĻȨ
Ǹʵ
ϱҲǱȽТ˳ˣȻԼǡôôĵѵ£ûԥؾͬҪ
Ҳˡ
ҲԼ˵˼
˿ϱҲȱǮˡ
裬߰ɣȥԤԼӰҩѾûˡ긾Ůؽ͡
ҪסԺ
Ҫ÷ǮϣҲ̫ˣҲû뵽ǣ˾ȻΪĵļҡͷҪΡΡҡ
Ǯ취ҪģòҪġ
ǰǾʹˣ˵ǮʱǲŸ򷿣ҲȷûôǮʱǮҲֵǮڣŮһѧѶôǧ
ǻϣȥ԰һأ˶Ǯġ
Ǯ͵Ϊ˶ۺǮԲ긾ŮοԼš
⶯
ҪǮ̧ͷʡ
󣬲һ࣡˵껹գգ۾
ƺϣưܲҪ𴩡
˵ͷૣһ࣬һ࣬ʱһ඼ü󶰷ˣһҲͲôǮ
裬þʱӲ˰ڵǮѾֵǮˡ˵ţסԺ֤׼ԼȥסԺ
æ˵㣬ųȥţȻȥΣȥסԺɣ·ۡ
긾Ů۾һ˵ãллҽǸҽ
˵꣬תԼųҡ
ƿŶ˵ıӰֹòԼˣ
ԭһֱԸĲϱ᲻Ǯ˼ҡ

߳ȥƲ¿ܳɣ˼
ԹؽףܳɾȻܿⰡ൱רҵĹؽƵ֪ʶ
ֱܳɸװˡ
סԺ֮ܳɣе㿴ˡ
ƣǿ¡
ܳɻ᲻Ṥ򲻹̨Ѷأ
Ƶ˼ܶط
ܳҲڿƣĲ
ʦδҲ̫Щɣһ˽ͽˣڸǼ仰ò˼ͬ
ܳҲ֪ǱҪģҽֻнȨ˵˳ķߡ
ɲһ仰ܹ׵ġ
ڴĦİ
ӣϴ·
Щҽרҵô˿ϵûУֲһ˵ҽרҵ̶ȡ

⼸仰ȴò˵ĶϱĶˡ
ûü˵Ȩܳɣܳɸ磬ոôй۵ģܿó𣿡
ܳɱͷȨ˵ȨӣXƬĳʵXܴܲ򵽶ԲγɺӰУ֯Խ٣ܶԽϡĻôܹ򵽵ĺӰԽࡣ
ǵĹͷйСṹģСṹ⣬ͻʮġ
һ£СṹпյģXƬγɷǳ˳ɵṹԲԣ
Ȩ˼ص˵ͷ
ǵģûй۹ĹǶˣСṹġɹ֮󣬼ȫָСṹҲᱻҺ飬ʱٿ֮ǰṹʱ
ᷢн档
Ǽй۵ҲǴԹؽףƽƬϻʾǵϢ
ϧƬӱ˴ˣȻ
Ȩ˵ܳɸ磬ȥãӲջſڵš
Ȩ˵ͳңȻſڳ˼ڡ
İһɬ
衢ģѣҲѡ
ȨĿ൨찵ЦˣҸҪ䷹
ǲ䷹ֱŰġ
ƶܳҲԼ˶顣
Ҳƺܳɣ˼ö˶˵ԼҪ䷹ģǿǵԼˣûԼ
ң
̫ˡ
Ȩ߳ȥƱһƨɨһܳɣ˵Сܣ㿴鲻ٰԹؽ׵ƬҲǴƵпģ
ܳȻתͷƣû뵽ƻͻȻôʡ
ͷεشŹ
ﰵԸƵǸ
ʦԲʵЩģһ˵֡
һǵĺõġ
ƣ
۽һһģܳ൱ɶ
Ƶѧҽ
Ϲ
ûҵ
װˡ

ȨĵǸСӣڶʮ߰꣬һɫۿ۾
еȣ˹˹ĵģӦǸ칫ҵԱ߾Ǵֹġ
˫·˫ְڶ
һСļ
Ǹš
ܳɻ⿴һۣǲȨŹؿˣĲ˸⡣
ȨȻʣãﲻ
ӭЦһˣͼӹȨܳɡ
ֱӶƣҽá
ҩ˺ܶҩû򵽣Ѵˣ˵ҽԺСҾ԰ϰ࣬ûչ컹ڼӰ࣬⻹ˡ
԰ҵ԰ļơ
˵ļȡһдҩA4ֽ
дģ൱
Ȼдţ
עҺʩأ
⻯ɵɣSINEˣ
ҩĹ˾ֶд湻ϸģ
ҩܳɵľ΢΢һ㶡
עҺע䵽ؽǻڵ󻬼һֻйԹؽ׵ĲˣڹԹؽ׵رڣһ֢״á
ǳʹãһöûС
дָҲȻѡPSڴˣҵǣȥǿƵǧҪŪûɶá
⻯ɵƤʼأĿڷǿʹЧǳڷõĻǺ֢ȫ
θ𺦣Ȼȫĸı䣬ٽţƤʼصĸֲ֢ˮţȵȡ
ҩĸ˿Ŷ
ܳɻû˵ƹȻˣҪҩĸһֱڳ𣿿ڷ˶ˣ
ǿЦЦʣҽⲻӰɡҽ첻ǿģҾҩ꣬Ҿߵġ
룬Ǯ׬ô
Ľ͵˲ٵѣҲϲרҵָϣҩǿƹؽ׵ġ˺ȷʵȽҲ˺ܶࡣ

ڵѧʶ򵥵İٶȿѾ㲻ô
ʼָϿˣ
ܳɺȨΪеţ֪Ӧԣֻơ
ɲָ˵µġ
ü˵
ţ˵ûڹԹؽ׵ڣȷǿԤؽ׵ĽչġָҲôдġ
ҲԤֻڡ
⻯ɵɣҲٴʹùһʱģ֪ϿԲ鵽pubmed涼Բõš
֪֪ҩĸЩ
ΪʲôԳʹ𣿡ƻʡ
ٴü֪ʲôƤʼأԿס
ҽͱôˣҩҽԺרҸĸ׿ģҲһֱãѵǸרһܺɣ˿ֱϵʱ䡣
ģҵʱĲ࣬ȥ˻ҪҵǮ
ҩʵ򲻵Ҳ鷳ǡ鷳ǰæҩ֮ҪĻȥʡʱɡ
ưƿ˻ȥ
ȻҲ֪˿ĩҲҪϰ࣬Ĳס
ǣҽҪԭǲ˺ԭ
ǸǸ˼ȻҩҲܸ㿪
Ļҿ㿴˵˵ﲻ
ΪʲôëɣͻȻ֣ЦģҩΪûƢǰɣ
Ҿ㿪ҩѣҽɵ鲻ǿҩƾʲôҿ
Ҳӳ͵ӵģҽҩҵְ֮һ
ǣҲ˵˰ǿҩǵĿҩҵȿ
ȻֶͣҵĺţģûƹϵֻƹϵҽԺ棬Ҹ㿴Ƿġ
ǵһ㡣
ڶҵĺţֻ㿴ʵƿҲǷɹ涨ģҸ˹Һ֮˿ҲΥġ
ҽԺ֮ԴڣΪҽƹϵǽģͬһռڷƹϵ
ȻĿǰڷչʱûпңԲṩƿķ񡣡
ƿӦ֪ɣûȨ޽ƣҲǲϹ涨ġ
ģڲ˺ԭ򡣡
ŴҩǴҩȻ֪˭㿪Ĵ
òҵͬԼҲдȨԣҾˣҪõҩԣҲܿá
壬ԼûﲻĻͰŸ˰ɡûܸṩҽƷҲ˼ҪĹҺŷѡ
һһţҲżϻ
̾ͻˣҩﲻܳԣҩҲܿ
ҴĸʱҽҩκðЩҩﲻҽǺˣҵİ
ǲ˵ҪУǵûҽ°ǲǾ׬Ǯ
㿪ҩ˵˰ɣû׬ùࣿͲ
ŲҾٱ㣿
˵ˡʮҩ
ûҵò״ҩ˵Ҫø
˺ţƻˣǿƾһ
ƣȥ˭
޾ɫȰԼֻ˳Ȱ¼˵ֻ棬ǲ¼ġ
ٱҿԣֻҪܹҵõٱɺ߼
ɣֻҲûַ˺㣬ûʸַҵФȨ
Ļһ᲻ϧһд۵ر׷ķεȨ
˵һ飬ɳаҽԺҽҽԺҩҽԺֻƹϵҵϵߺ̼֮߹ϵ
ûˣûûϣûơ
пĻԵ˵֢״
ҾҵΪ㿴޹ء
˵ﲻ
˵꣬Ȼ¼
Ųæ˵㻹ʲôûеĻ鷳뿪Ҳȥ˺š𣿡
Ƴ¼΢΢ЩסˣòҲƵĻŵˡ
ٴҧһ䣺ȷ㲻ҿҩ
ֻ˵˵һ顣ҲҲܿ
ҸһҸ档
һҽǾרҵҽĻһ仰ʱҪҽҩͿеƹϵġ
ҲǸ񾭲ҽԺһ񾭲ҽĻ
ҾҲǸϲļ˵Ļ
ҪţҲ㿪ҩΪ㣬Ϊҡ
ӰѵץžˣΪſѾбǻˡ
ֻ뿪Һ󣬻޺޵ؿƼۡ
Ҳʮš
뿪Ʋ΢΢̾һ˵Т˳ɣҲ˵ţϾҲҽ˵Т˳ɣҲ˵
ܳɺȨͬʱ˵ͷ
ֻǣܳҲǱöƸΪ
ոⷬһܽģҪˮƽ漰˼ɺͶҽƹϵ⣬ҲǱȽ͸ġ
٣ܳɴδƵġ
ѧܶණġ
ֻǣŸô룬Ͼĵ绰ʹˣ˵ǲ˸λĲˣܳɹȥ
ܳɱǸضƽͣȻΪԸܳںôֵ࣬˰Ҳܰ¡
װBҪߣֱɶ񡭡


һʮ ɶֱװˣ
Ȼɣƶһ죬ҪǾøոտ⼸ˣ̫ζ
Ȼǻص
װƵĻȫܳɸռˣԼֻڡ
ڲܳװƾߵͬʱܳʵҲ뿪
ƣܳɸܵ˾ΥģԸʵеѧϰ֪ʶͼܵĸо
ָоϣûеġ
˵̶ûʸܳʲô˵ܳɾ͸ѧ޿ѧֻǸûѧʶ
ֻǻܳ£أ˵ʶ̡
ˡ
Ƶϣܳɿҽѧһ桪
ҽѧǼ򵥵ϡҩβˡ
ʦҿ꼱ϹæûȨæܳɸϽأΪǴ˸дæ
ֵĲǶϾֵϺ֡
µŰ࣬ϸذգɳ˶ءϾ֡桢Ȩϡ顢򺣱ֵࡣ
飬ֵĩǹգȫˣҲΪƽֵ෽
ϾţҲֵ࣬ܳɴ绰֤Ͼû飬ûȥ˼ﲡˡ
֮ܳЩҪǾԼʱĲá
ܲ뿪
ܳɱ㳯ȥϵٶȶӿ˺ü֡
ΪѾൽܳúܣڹڼ䣬ܹõѧϰᲢࡣ
żȻõģϵͳҲֻǱȨ΢ǿһ㡣
õģͨģ⸱ֻԼܡ
ͺñȸոչֳģǳǿĹͨƿ
ԣչֳģֶҽƹ̵ǿƿܳܶ
ѧ
СŸϵ˿
Ȼϣ꣬ȥĦƵ˼
İ칫ңܳȾͿڵǰæµŵĶϾܳû׼ʣϾֵأ˵˸ô
ϾܳɵʱվϽ˵
ܳɸ磬ȥܼȥˡ
ȥʱһСָ㿴һۣûֹۡ
ָҰæһ£Ҿ͸绰ˣ
ܳɵͷסԺҽʦ֮䣬໥æǷǳģ㲻һ飬ҲѸԵ񻮷ֵôϸ
Ͼָŵ˵˲ʷڿƬӡ
û̫ס
ܳɸ磬ҪҲȿһ£
˵ƽƬǴӡ˵ģװӰϴɵŲ˵棬Ͼ֪ܳɿ϶ԼƬӡ
ܳȻżҲҪȿƬӣ΢иײźá
ֻǣ
ӶϾԼ绰ڣҲ߰˷ӹȥˣϾûף
Ī˻ѲҪķѲٵʱ䣿
ôţüͷһ塣
ȻϾ˵ӣܳһָƬӣһ˵һҵСŮʷʷȷ
˵ڼƬӣͱǿҡ
˵⣬Ͼе㲻˼ͷ˵ܳɸ磬ΪСûȫҲ㲻̫˵ûйۡ
λ
ǰѹʹ岻ϵġ
ܳɵͷƽƬ
СӵĹǿƬΪδȫյԭ򣬿ܴԵĹۣѱ֣˷ǳѡ
Ϊ˲΢λҲ
ؽڵƬǸǸӣΪؽǣųһ顣
͸ӲС
ҪٰѹǿƵֳһҵĻСǿƣǾԿԵгġ
ܳɿƽƬ֮Ҳüͷһ塣
ΪնϾָҲ˻ؽڣȻ˵Ǹз룬Ǳ߻ƽġ
£ϳųԵĹۡ
ֻ֮ųԵĹۣΪԵĹۣҪͨCTMRܹһʾƽƬʾ۵Ϣ
ʹ޷ϡ
ԣҲȫųԹ۵Ŀܡ
ؽڣؽλ
вλƽƬ𣿡ܳλû󣬱ʡ
УںһҳϾæء
ܳɵһꡣ˫ָأüͷø
ûλ
ûۣ
ǻʹô£Īʹˣ
ͷʣûУؽں󷽵ǹϵô
ܳɸϽʡ
ƽƬʲôݵʱ򣬾͵ôӲȥѰ˿ˣ
꣬СŮҳģƽƬûۣûλеǸӰѧ޷ȷҪʷȷСͷλ
ǣСͷλؽλ֮һؽںǹϵǷ
һСͷλҲδܹȷСͷλ
ҪҪȥúõѯһ¼С
˿룬ȻӲʷӰѧѰ˿ܹȷ
ˣǹϵģؽڵĺλϾϽͷųܳĵһǡ
λĻҲųؽλ
ˣ¾Ǹˡ
ܳһһȥ˵ɣһ滹ûס
ܳû˵ֻľжϣܶʱ򣬶ܵþҲӵ
Բܹƾž壬ȻȻذϸ
Կ
ܿ죬ܳɾϾ˲ҡ
߽ܳɾͿһʮֿɰСŮСӣС۷۵ģģӦǸǳɰС
˿̵ȴ˫ͨ죬ͱţ޾ίȻճ˱ǿ״Եеģ׼š
СŮһֱסԼСǰϣſƺһžͿܻǳʹһ
״ӽСŮƺ˱ͷ׶ƨɵʹ֧Եһ顣
Ͻ軳꣬裬裬¡
軹Ǳվ˿ҲǸ۵˵ҽŮֵô°ǿƬӣûа
ǽš
ĿǰûʲôرɣǴʱһ£һ£Ϳ𣿡ܳʡ
СͷλȷϸҪҳ㻤ȷʷġ
СӲ£ûΪȥ
ƿƣҲôġ
СŮȴҡͷ˵ûҼְôôأ
ôСôȥأ
ҽʵҲ֪ô¡
ҶŸհȥ׶԰ûصңʦʹ绰˵Ҽˡ˵ǺСʱ򣬾ͻȻ
ǲС֮棬˰ز
Ǹ裬Ůպ꣬ȥ׶԰Сࡣ
Ҳְ̤ƽﶼүү̽ͣĩΪ˶㺢ӣȥ͡ɰŮˣԼҪؼңҪ׶԰ԹԵġ
ֻŮȥ׶԰Լûңʦʹĵ绰
˿Һúӵүү̻֪϶ǻ֪ģ֪ǵʱô˵Լ
ƽʱúõģԼһΣͳ
⻰ܳüͷһ壺ûǺСʱ򣬳𣿡
ûʦ𣿡
С֣֮ѸСͷλӦô
ܲ鷳绰úһʦΪһҪ
ƽƬϰûҲˣŮ֣ʹúܡ
ɰڵҲû㹻֤ȥһȻΪԵϡ
ܳһҧʮ¾
֮ǰǸүүȫҳСѣܳ¡
Ǻˮͽ죬ǿʱ
СͷλϣҪʷ
ƿƣԼ˵
ҳҲ֪Ͳܲ˰һԵ޹ʵʹԼȥóȻλĻ鷳ɾĴˡ
ңٴҽѧһŽѧƣûӦ򣬾Ͳϣ
Լ֪ʶϵͳγɲһȦܻΪĻǻ¨ӵġ
СͷλҪҪԱʷ
û򣬾Ͳϡ
Ҫ绰ʦҪ𣿡Ů˴Ŷʮ꣬ܳͬ䣬˿⻰ȻǾΪ鷳
ʵΪʦһѲˣΪԼҲղſʦ֪ʦһҪԸܶѧѧУ΢־ȥ׷ʦġ
˵ʵʦôܹܵס˲໥ͽӴ
С໥ⲻô
ܳɾ˵ҪһЩΪʷһֱϹеҪ֤ݡôܵˣӰϷģ
Ǻ˵˾Ǵ绰顣
ûκԵ޹ʵسʹĻͣҲǹ߷䣬ͻ˹Ĥƻ˾ʹ
ǾͲǸλܹˡ
ùƻƻĹӲȲߣ΢ҲܹԵĹۣȫ¡
Сͷλϣܺϣֺܲϣܳڿ׵ĹУͷֹƵҽƾ׵ġ
Ů̲˵绰ȥʵĹУ
Էʦȴǳᶨ˵СѾںСֵʱͻȻģȥҽԺ
ɳаҽԺŮ˻ء
֪ܲŮ˿˵ȥҽԺȥضҽԺȥһҽԺһЩ
ͬµϹҲҽ˵ҽԺǱߵĹǿˮƽզصģȻΪʦʵ̫ýЩʦΪ޵˵
Ůһʱ͹ģܳɺͶϾˡ
ŮҲЩǸ˵˼λҽʦҲ֪ԲŵŮ΢Щ
ŮʦĻ˵ҿҲҪǿ̫׼Ļܲ鷳绰ǵϼҽʦιæ
Ů˵ԣȽ޵תԼŮʦ˼
ϾʱЦ
һܳɵġ
ܳҲͷõģҪ΢һ²ſԡ
ĩûҵô绰иϼڿҪһȥɵţҪһЩ
ҲػصڣȻҪƽƬĻҲֱӵͿˡ
أŮ˿ܳҲһȽпϵĽ顣
ܳɲûΪκ˶ܹҵΪԭɣһץһѣҽ׼ϣһоҽ뷨˶еģ
ллҽ㰡Ů˵ͷŮվ
Ͼ˿Ȼе㲻̫ܳɰѲ˴ߣΪ뿴ܳɺ浽δҪôѧϰһ£Ҫô֡
ɲ˲ܳɣҲû취飬ûɿ飬Բ뿪
ͷ̾һص˰칫ҼԼĹ
ܿ죬ܳɾִŮ˺Сһ·
˺ܶˣܳɾҪŮ˺Сȥ˺Gҽﰡ㻹Ҫݲ𣿡
ܳæóŮڼļﲡ˵ǲӣСŮǴӼġ
΢ⵣһ£ỨǺܶʱġ
⻰˼ﲡ˵˵졣
Ů˾΢΢˵˼λŮͻȻʹԼҽ
΢΢ʱ򣬿˻СŮ⣬СŮ̵裬ʹ
ֻֻھضš
СŮ飬Ҳһ
ǰһϽ˵ȽȥɣﵢˣŶţҶ΢һ¿㿴⺢ӿ޵ã

ܳɴ˽ҵʱƺȨڸһ˿
̧ͷɨܳɼһۣܳҲûš
Ȱ˴ȥƲʣСܣʲô
Ů˱Ѻӵ˵һ飬ܳɾҲ˵ʦСŮʹûбǣʷ˵ǺСˣʱͻȻ
ĻдʹǹϵƽƬûֹۣ˵ҿףҪϼҽʦٸһ¡
ҾʹˡܳؽţҲһӾȻȻ뵽Сͷλȥ
ⲻСͷλô
ƺо飿
ֲҪֵô
СҳһͬʷؽʹСͷλϹʽ
ܳῴĻǻĸ߿ܳˡ
ڶܳɵΣƻǶܳ˵˵Ƭӵݹһ£
ܳɸϽƽƬ˳Ƭϡ
ƺȨ˶վϸعۿ
ֻһ֮ƲתͷʣûСְһҪ
ûĻܻҪո˴Ųϡúһ¡
Ѽ򵥵ӻˡɹᡣ
ô˵ɣûбǣʷĻǾͿ֢ܵȥˡʱҲû⣬˶Ů˵š
ϣŮܹҪʷ
ֵ֢ʱŮ˵ɫһ䣬۾ͿϽ˵
ҽҲ֪ȥ绰ʿ𣿡
Ůܲһ£
ҲҪ裬ҲҪ¡ϰͷҡɲ˹ġ
ɺºȺ״һ
ƾ˵绰ɡһܹʵø㡣
㲻һֱŮİΪΪĸŮһֱһ
Ů˾ְѵ绰˹ȥʵĻͬһʦͬ⡣
Ҳʹôˡ
Ů˵ʦ˼ִˣҽһҽҲʣѧУûбǣ
ô˵ģܲϸغҽ˵һ°
ʦԣʮֲõغһ
Ȼ󿪿ڣ˵Ҷ˵üˣǺСˣʱͻȻġôǲأ
㻹ҪôȥأѵŮͬѧ𣿿ʹ˰еͬѧûͻ
谡ȥһҽԺúÿҲš
Ҫ˵ʲôأܲе˵Ů˴˰ɣ˵Ļܵ˺۶Բԣ
û˴ܶԲԣŻһ䡣
Ͻ˵ʦûܣҺܹԵģ
һ£ŮҲΪѵؿơ
ԶԶضŵ绰˵Ҵʲô˼ˡ˵СѧУֻǺСˣȻͻȻʹǰɣ
Ǻһ˭أʲôСӵļҳֳ𣿡
ڵʹ֢״ɲС֮ˣóġ
Сӿûô
ʦҪ˵ĻҾͽλŮʿֱӱˣ˵ŰҺ˰
ƷǳСͷλϣҪһȽϴ籩Ԥ
ΪҲܳҪôһȷϣһֱôţŵĻСʹ಻˵Ҳϡ
ٴҽѧϽͱڵ߼˼ά
һ۳һЩʱû˵ƣ˺ĻǴҶÿ
ô˵󣬶ʦ̴
ҽô£
֤ô˵ʲôŰ˵˭Űأ
ڻ˭أ
Ǿ컹ǿģ
ƱҲػصҽֻ𿴲ɺͲ鰸֤ݶ𡣡
ǡ
ҲʹԭʼҲ˵ڳҵľ飬Կ϶СǼпܵ籩ġ
Ҳ˵ûҾֻܽȥϴѧҽԺҽñˡ
ǲǾ죿ǲǿʲôϵ
ѾȷˣСϣһʦѡ
⻰ʵҽҼСǣ
Ҫ𣿡
ƾ͵ȷĸԤʵҲأַλȥúϢܾˡһֱûҵľԭҽͲͨ
ҲųСܵ˲вŰҶһ鼫Ϊӣññ
Сô֢״ڣǲʵģҲֻ֪ǸҵľƶϡžҲṩһմ𰸵ġ
ҪȵģʦǾԴȷĻ
йˡ
йԤ
Ĭһ߳ŭ˵ҽֱˮƽ׼Ϳʼˣҽڣҽڡ
úÿСӵ⴦ˣͺôӦġ
衣Ľ㻻ҽԺҽԺˮƽУȫͿá
ҪﵢʱˣȥضҽԺɡ
ֱ׳ֱ裬е㡣
Ҳû˵ʲôֻǶܳɵܳɣѻļﲡúдϡдһ㣡
ȻŮ˵ʵһϣû֤֧ϣԣҲóȻضСơ
Ѿ˵úˡ
βֻı棬СпǱʷҶѵˡ
ԷΪҳԸĻҲͲˣֻҽòˣڲ򣬾͵һͿ˰ա
ֻܳɺ֮֮ǰᣬΪ˱ٴηƵ
Ͼ˵һΣ㲻ȥԭ򣬾ͺпֵܳڶΡ
һ׶԰УɻһҼɡ
£ƸֱӲϵġ
Ůɫƣʣҽǻʦ˵𣿡
Ҽģ
ⲻܰɡе㲻̫ԼСȻпˡ
Űʦ֪û˵
Ҳûʾֻ˵ѧϰĽ̲ģһǰǣһӵѪܽᡣҲǰܶܶСľ
Ըʦ˵أԸСһأ
һǱȽƫСͷλϵģ
ȻֻһתȻ㲻ϣôçײرַλĻҲԼ飬һ˴֮˵
Ů˵ɫһҽʵǲ㡣ǣϹߵƬ
׶԰ʦҲ֪ҾӦò˵ȥŰŶԣ
⣿ҿô
ŮӦòǰ֢ɣŮ˱ȽϹĵ⡣
Ů⻰һдܳɣ϶һ
СŮ΢
ҿ
棿ûʷ
Ů˵ģϹҲߵľ죬ô׶԰ʦʷĿԾͼСˡ˺ĿԵȻС
˵ʵ˭ԸȥŰһԱĺأ
ⲻǲô
ô˵ĻôԼɵܳϣˡ
̧ͷơ
ɫ͵һ䣬˵ϹǾ죬׶԰ʦҲ֪
ĵĻô֮ǰһۣƵ
ԼľϣǴģܳ˵ףġ
Ů˿ܳɺƵɫ仯֮ԼҲŵˣҪǸϹ绰ȥúõһ°ɡ
˵ţŮ˵۽Ǿͷ
ȻΪԸԼŮòܵĶ
ȻܳϢ΢ٵʣٸŮ𣿡
ܳȻҲԸʵûԸ飬ǶϾģܳҲŶϾ϶ǶԵġ
Ҳûȫ
ϣ㲻һĶ
Ů˴˿̼Ϊ͵ص˵ͷ
ܳɾͰִ˴꣬Ȼָ̽ȥ
ؽλ飬飬ʵǲһġ
ھľǵǲСͷλλۿɼĻΣƽƬղдʹͻޡ
ĻҪʵءײȡԵȡ
ܳȻȰλļȥġ
ֻǷְСӵͬ£ҧĿ£ڴﻼ϶εʱҲСͷλʱδ۵ýг
Ҫ֪СӲǴˣʹĻ̲סģ
ңܳʱ
ɣ
һ£ʱܳɵ˰ء
ⲻλǣȫ
ʹ
ܳ뵽ǸõĶȻٲϾǹϵȻҲġ
ţܳ̽̽Źôһ£۵ô
Ӷһ飡
ȻʹĲλ
裬ʹֺĻ
˿ȻҲԼӣҲ֪ڿɲ۵ʱԾһ˺ĳȣ
ǣܳȴδĶСʹúܣԣˡ
ܳɸæתͷ˵ʦֱո˴Űɡ
ͬʱҲѣԼûоȥ۵ظ׼һԵĲʷʷ
ȻĻ˸λʹ˵Ļǿɾĺճˡ
Ҫ֪ĹҲǿƵģƣǳпԵģڣ˵Ļ
ܳɵĺûһ
ӹҽ˰
ƵͷȨд鵥ҽ˵ļ˵ż鵥ȥ飬Ȼ֮󣬲õȽֱӻƬͺˡ
лл㣬ҽŮż鵥Լĺӣ˳ȥ
ƲδŽһˡ
ֻǿܳɣЩӵ˵
ˣյԵָ򵥵СͷλΪβλ
Сͷλϣͨʷϣ鶼Ҫ
ر׷Сϡ
üһոնȥûֱ߳Ӹ轲㺢ӵʦŰ㺢ˣʷȥɡ
ǸĶ˼ά
ܳɣ
Ȼܹܿ˼ά
ԼҲǾҪϳСͷλܳȴܿˡ
ֱװˣ
һѲӲװ
ƺˣб۾ƳƳȨţƺʦȻôĴ
ƸոжôĵôľжΡ
ܳʵϵؽ˵ʦҪûҵȷĲʷСͷλȷҪȷĲʷС
ûĲʷҲŲϡ
ʵһӦҲʦѣΪ˹鷳
úӵĸ״绰ȥȷһˡ
ֻǵʱСѵʦ˵ҽԺףҽУֲʦôסҲҸӿˡ
ûҷĻᣡܳ˵Щ
ŻԺЦ
ȨȦ΢΢һоȣԭܳô
˷ۡ
ǲûĻᣬǽ̫ˣ
ΰ¡


һʮ סˣ
ܳɵĻ˵úƯƲδȫ棡
˵ļΪܳɵͺְѡܹԭ֮һ
ǣܹܳ˼άɲͨõ顣
رҽѧҵһЩҵߣܶʱԼΪϲŪԼѧʶԨݻṩֻƬЩƬԵϢȻȥĦԼܶԵĲʷ֢״
ͺñȾڽ죬ܳɸݻߵƽƬƶϳǸϊ֚ϱԼ˵Ĺ۵顣
Ӵ֪ʶ̺͸ݾ׼ĹʶߣеƵһּƿ
ʱΪЩƿ᲻ԾػѻߵһЩ֢״йʽã
Ϊʲô
ΪԵʱĿôġ
=ۣ
ϰ=ʳ֢֢
ĵͼSTι̧=Ĺ
ʵ̫ˡ
СͷλϣҪľǲʷһּȺ
Сҳʷؽʹ
ͼȷΪСͷλˡ
ѧϰʱ򣬾ôŵģʲôš
ʦ߽̿飬쵽ҵ£Ͳỳʦŵ·Ǵģ
ܳɺһֱ׷ʣȷԵĲʷ

Ȼ׷ʣҲпܰ;ֹΪкܶ£ԭ򣬲ҪģҪǽ顣
֧£ܳɼȥԺСͷλ
Ȼһλλ
ȻֱָӰѲ˴ˡ
ɨܳɵĹС
ܳҲڰҡ
Լһֱڹߵģûȥ˸Լ;Ӷ壡
ҲûŪԼ֪ʶ㣬ûȥͲ˼ִԼȻֻסԺҽʦҺһ㡣ȻĻܳɾԼҲܲ˵ס

鵽һ
Ҳֻ۽ȥźˡ
ΪҽԺֻǵӿһ֮ʲô֢״ģϾܼá
ɣ
ȻԼźԼϹԼȥͺӳˣϾСģɲǵ֢
˿̺ϣΪԼȥСĲܵˣǸ
Ų죬ȻΪеظԼֵϹ绰

ܳ˲ŰͰؿʼ˿
ΪƸǼ˴ƽɨ˺ܿ˼顣
ССʱĸ׾ͱˡ
ֻǣʱûļͬš
ܳɺһֱСŮ˵һʱСŮصҺ
ϸ˺˴ţ
ֻǣڿ֮ƺܳɶ˵ɫȻһ
³һ
Ȼ衣
ĸ׼״ʱӽˣϽʣҽҼﵽô°𣿡
ƾתͷ˵ġӦòǹûй󡣿ǹάṹ
Ȩʱ±ˣе㻳ԼǲǹǿƵסˣô˵ɶ֪
ⷹãѰ
޹ؿ˿ܳɣܳҲĿе˼ֻƫͷƣ˼ǣ˵ֲ֮
ͽѧԽ֯ͬʱС
˵
衣
ʵֹάṹһ㳣淢ĲλֹŹǣǼΪΪġ
ǧ֮һĸʶƲǹǲרƵҽ˵ñ˺ܶࡣ
Ͻʣʲôά֢ҪҪôأ
ע㣬ʲôҲãҲá
άṹǽṹԵ⡣
ôΪ·ĵطˮĵطͣԺʺܴ࣡
ⲻΪⲿֹʱȽɴԭ˲Ż֢״ֻҪСӦͿԲʹ
ֻǰȻһ֢״Ҫͷİɡ
⻰ܷȱգ˴ӣƿҽôĵ˰ڵ׸ô죿
ԼҪж󣬲Ż᲻Լϵļ
Ȼǰ֢ϣⶫתԼãԼŮ
ƾͼ˵ô죬Ҳ⴦
ٴĹǷ쳣ҲֻСбȽϳ
ΪСӣ˿ڴһĹԶΡڴһлָģҶļʺܵͣ
ȻʵڲģҲҪ΢һЩˣ飬ֻĽṹ۵Ļʱι
̫СˣûȫóȻӰʱһ˫֫ȳǿɾ鷳ˡĽڲдԭ
ɫһ˵һСֲֻһǿɲС
Ҫ泤˵ԺıˣҶѣ
ƵͷǰҪһЩȶ֮ٿйγɡ
ͻ̫Сˣ˵Ӱһֵֻ
ȻΪؼģҪֻ֣ҪԼֲֻҪ̫ܹ̫ƤˣҲӴ֣ˤ֮ģ͸Ӳˡ
ΪĹʺɣһ飬ܴܱ࣬ȹͻҪһЩ
ֻеṹ֮ҲָܹĻˡ
˲䳤һʣǾʲôֻȿ
ͬʱʯͷҲ˵ء
ҪػʱŮ˵ĵ绰
һȻϹģͨϹڵ绰˵ţô
ӣЩƭӣ
ºڰ
ǸʦϿͱСѷִͺݺݵһ£ץľλáΪžû£ļͬºͼСѡ
ģ
ô˿
һ㶡
ͬʱƺܳɶ˵ı飬ҲǺݺһ䣡
Сͷλôˡ
ңˣ
˵ɲɰɡ
ҪȷˣСͷλǵģʦͬ⡣
ΪȷûˣԲȥǲǵġ
˲ʷ
˵ʦʵ㣬Ǵһʼ˾;СͷλĻȻһλСӱͿԻ
ȵõ˻ָʹ˹ؽλĸλ
ʵСӵʹδᡭ
СǹάṹֵĻһϣǾͲ֪´ҽԺʲôˡ
ŮԼϹ֮󣬹Ҷ˵绰ƣ΢еŹ֣
ҽҼСˣǲǾͲάṹˣ
ʵλ
ɫѣ䶯Ƭ̺󣬻أģάṹʵ
ϣûʷûϵˡ
С֮Իʹ֢״ͿΪﱾ˽ṹ⣬ȻôһԳXʾ΢ۡ
Բʹ֮󣬻ҪСĵǣ
Ůеʧ
̫Ϊʲô֮ǰ˵ʷһϣֲˣȥƵеΡ
Ҳǵ˵ͷ˿ԼŮΪεӡ
лл㰡ҽԺ󣬻Ҫ︴İɣʡ
ţһ긴һΣı仯ҲҪ̫ڿˡæ˵
ȻŮ˾ͱԼĺ˳ȥ
Ů˵ıӰܳٴζԿһۡ
ǴӸԵУһ˿Ϊ֮ɫ
¡

д
ȻĻˡ
Ҳ˵ٴϵļΪ䣬˼άһɲ䣬Կ
ƴ˿̣˵ԼĶؽˡ
ؽ
ϸǲģڹؽڸ˺䣬΢ע⣬пܾͻ¬ˡ
֣أ
˻ܳɵĽ£ŵߵȷ֮·
ҲƵһζܳɵȣ˲һĿ
ǵȵ
Ǳһ

ôʱ仹Ƿǳյģ߳ȥ֮Ʊֽµﲡ˽
һٸţѾˣǾҪ뿴ꡣ
ֻǣͻȻվڶܳɵСܣſһ
΢Ϣ£
ƾıһ²ԣϣȫԼûҵܳɵ㣬һԼĶҲûܹܳɾ;ȣ
ԼĶճһƷǳûгɾ͸С
׼ΪܳɶȥԼڰŻԳһ
һܳĹУ©ԼԾⲻͰô
ܳɿɲ֪Ƶ뷨ɫһϲʦҿ𣿡
ʵΪмڴġ
ļܣ֮أǽܹ쵽ٸлֵ
µĸָտɴ
㿴Ϳôϻе㿴ܳͷڹһԸҶô˵ˣ㻹Ҫһ飬ⲻ˷ʱô
ܳɱƵλãֵס˿ڱǣ˳ٰԼһҲһ
ȨѲ˽Ȼ󿴵ܳţվ۾ʱɴˡ
ܳɸ磬ôļӰ
Ҫʼô
Լĳ֣ƺܳɵİţȻĻܳɿܵһʱͻῪʼ
пǵġ
Ȩ˿ŮͲҲֻжʮң̷ԵΪƤȻɹеڣǿԿǵΪŮӡ
˿ԾԸʵˣһ°׳һŮԹú󣬻ضܳ˵ҽá
ܳţ˶վţȻȻؾܳҽˡ
˫۽ܳɿһƺ
ͬҲͬŮӦͬѧ˿ͻȻΪнƺеˡ
˵ıܾϲŮأҲϲŮӵΡ
ŮʵҲһģϲ˧di
˵Ĺϵܺã˶ţпͰɫʮһ·ݵɳвǺ䣬ǰϸĸ첲ǰ¶棬ĸ޳ֻɬۡ
ܳɳе˧󣬱㿪ʼ
ﲻܳʡ
Ŷ
ҵֻϥۡʹˣֻ죬ʹøˡŮܳסԼġ
ǸϽָָԼϥǣܳ˵ϸе˼
ָܳԵʣܹʲôǸʲôģ
ȻǾ仰۵ȶ壬ǲĲˡ
ȶ壬Ȼλٶͣ󶨷߷ͣƣ
ĲˣҪ΢һ˼·
ȶλٶ壬֮߶ͣ࣬ơ
ܳҲָԵĲ²⣬ǰ°ˣӦ˲ʷ
֮ǰԭܳɻǾʵøϸһ㡣
ǰʱѵʱ򣬾еʹأɺԽԽʹڸʹˡŮ˵ԼĲ飬ͽü
ѧѵʲôѵܳɼʡ
šŮͷǹƴѧһѵܶࡣ
ѧУﳣЩѵǲñҲǲ͸¶˵ͻȻܽŵʣҽϲذ
ѵû취μӣһٳģһܻҪȥ
ƴѧ
Ǹ
ѹǴ˶̷΢㣬ӦûÿһЩƤҲˡ
ܳɿ˿ƣûκҪ˵˼ȨȨӣ°ļ𣿡
ʵкܶݣﲻǲ̫ϸ˷ʱ䡣
ȨȻӳ಻֪ܳôҪ飬ܳɵĻͰе㲻ˡ
ЦЦͷ
ȥ飬Ҫ°ǰ档Ʊָܳӣܳټʱ䡣
Ҹ飬ƽڴϣųŷ򡣡ܳæվָԱߵļ鴲
һ߷ԸһٰϣŶͬ麰Ҳһվͷࡣ
Щĸпƣ̫Ƚˡ
Ĺػע⵽˼¡
ȻǺ¡
Ů飬Ҫȥû֤Ļ
˵˵ҪôмҪôлʿһţ̶ȵرһЩ⡣
ŮǱߵʱ򣬻ؿ˿ƣΪոձϾָʹܳе˧˧磬ǲǸǹͷпŶ
ҲҲܳһϸ顣
һ
ܳɱ˳ٴϴֲ
ȵŮºһĲдһ˵ڲڲϥؽѹʹ෽Ӧ飨ǰ飨
Ҫһ˴ɨһ²КG
ֻһָʾȷﻹҪ飬ҲXߺͺ˴š
XҪǿͷ͹ؽڼ϶ųйۻ˺Թۡ׸ȡ
ָԵضӦŰ°壬ֻܺ˴ȥ
˴ǿԿ֯˵ģ
Ȩ̿ʼд˴ŵļ鵥
ֻǣ⻰̾Ů۾ͬѧҲš
ʲôܳɸϽ̧ͣͷʡ
Ůȴ֪ͬƵģż˵ҽǲǺأԺ󶼸㲻ѵ˰
ҪϲҵҪᱻѧġ
غ£ͬѧڵο
ðɣܳһʼûȫǵһ硣
ƴҽԺԶӦ˵Ǻܽ
ܳûȥѧУʵƴĹô
ܳɾ͸Ͻ˵ˣˡⶼûôˣܲѵҲҪȼ֪֮飬ֻһָԵϣյĽ
Ůĳͣˡ
۰Ͱ͵ؿܳɣ޹ҧʣҽҸô죿
ܳɼ顣ȷϣٸϣҲܸ˵ô졣ȻĻҲһȻһ˵أ
㲻ǿˣ
ȥԼ˴ţȻϢ˴֮︴ʱǲһ취𣿡
ŮֽŵʣǺ˴ŽļٲðҵȻҪȥѵġ
ѧף˹ƴ󣬸ǲףǳɼþܽġ
޷ԼҪǱѧΪ岻о޷ҵԺ󵽵׸ô졣
ܳԣ͸Ůļ鵥ϣдһstȥ˴ɣ˵Ǽ顣֮õȽֱٸ浽׸ô죡
ѵôǵһλġٲ΢ӳ㣬Ѿ뵽õİ취ˡ
ãŮ˳ȥ
ܳȻŮıӰЩĪĸӣҲû취顣
˶ˣطϡ
ӰһӣӰǰ̡
Ѿʵ
Ϊ仰˵
ˣ󲿷ֲ֧Լô
ܳɿ˿ƣҲû˵ʲô
ֻﰵ룬òûʲôë˵һ㶼û˵˵ȫ˵ˣڶȰοʲôƴ˿Ҳ˵ڡ
Ϊ˵ĲǵɺܴӰ죬ԿСǱĺ
ǼΪרҵġ
ִܳͷ꣬϶ǲ᷸ġ
ǲ˵Ĳ̫ˡ
һ
һᡣ

һ
һˣҲǸˣŶʮӣǸŮ»Ƿޡ
ʱﻹƽƬɳصһҽԺġ
ҽԺİ
ǿ϶Ϊ鷳Ƶ鿪ʼ
ܳɾ˲ʷ
ȻһԷޣǰžٰ˻
ӡ
˵ȥ׵ĴŹܵˡ
ʱŷ죬Ͱȸ˽ȥ׼һܾţȻĺԮźݺݵؼһ£
˵꣬ԱߵŮе㲻˼˵ҽϹҪ𣿡
ǻʽٰ꣬ҲȥҽԺ
ƬӣǱߵҽ˵ҪǲģʹٿŮ΢еεػš
ӭףǻĴͳʽĹ뷿ţⱾǻеһȤҲܲˡֻǻ΢еǸġ
½ɽӹƬӴӣȻһһҹƬϡ
½ɰѲ򿪣΢ɨһ۲
ѡ󣬰Ŀ⿴˺˴ϡ
ܽᡣ
˲ʷ
ĿǰϥؽʹX޹׸޹ߡؽڼ϶ƹɹؽڼ϶޸λ͵λƹǡԿ֯ˡ
Ŀǰûʲôˡ
½ٰĿ⿴˴ŵT2ࡣ
˴ŵƬвεĻֵġ
ŵҽ˴žֻڰףˮźţôˣ
һˮƽҽֱӴƬϿʡ
˴͸Ϣ̫ˣ񾭵ζܹˣܳɲûȥ˴ŵı桭
Ҫܹ֮⣬ϥؽڵĺ˴ŵƬҲԼƬɵģ
ȿǰ󽻲ʹٿัʹٿ°塣
ֻǣǰ֮ܳɵüͷͺݺһ
ǰ棬ȫΪϥؽǰʹֹ¡ǰڲ࣬°ǰţбϷ࣬άθڹɹڲࡣ
ں˴ŵƽϣʾźǡ
ɫġ
ڷˣ϶ˮףԣ
ˣ
棬Ҳˮס
ڲัʹˡัʹ
ٿ°塣
°ҲˣҲǾڲ°ѡIIIˡ
°ں˴ϱ3ȣһ˾һһߣѵ°Ķߵײһߣڰ˺ѡȫ˺ѡ
ʱҪ֪ʶɱڲߺܶܶࡣ
ܳƬʱҲƬڵµֵ״۾ﶼ˹â
ˣˡ
˶ҽѧϥؽڲˡ
ȨװԼܶƵģں˴ƽҰɫĺۼָϥؽ֬棬Ʒ˷Ƥ˼ǣʦ

Ȼ˵һ䣬ɲǰյ׽ҪǽյףҪǺã
ܳ˼һȦ꣺·ʱйͻȻѹĸо𣿡
ǰTMǱ˶ݰгˣ
ӵģܳɾãΡ
ȻڣԿõˣǱżеĻʹˣǺ˵ֻǰ°Ҫƣǵöɺϰ
ԣܳɾã꣬п֮ǰܹˣʱʹûϣвȻ󱻼еһ£ðһ˿Ĳ೹׸Ūûˣ
вȵĸо𣿡
ֻǸ飬ҪȷԼǷ֢״ģ
ûСŮ˰Żش
ȻԼϹûаɣ
ûСһ¡
Ȼֲȷ˵һֱûô·ǰһϣڴʱͻȻһӳֹһµĸо
ûôʹĵ˵
ܳɾ͵Ӧڴʱܹ𣿡
۾˵ʱ򣬿ĿûôⰡ
ҾײҲйϵҶʮˣһֱðüͷһ塣
ϲûɣϲ
ܳҪãǿǺã
ܳ촽˵ǵģ㾭ûġ
˴ʾа°ѣһ岿ѣǰλá
ͬʱ㻹ǰʹڲัʹĶѡ
ͬ˻ơ
ԣҲ²пģĴˣûаʹϣǰİ°ˡ
°ͺñǵЬ棬ܴ࣬ȣͿƿأʱûʹȫϣȻ㱻żסһ¡
ѱúõʹҲжˡܳɽ͵
С⻰ʱ
ҽͷɫһ粻
ŮҲǿԼϹ¶֮ɫ
֮ǰû˵Ҳܹ˰
ƺеϾΪԼԼˣŮǴ˿֤ʵԼĲƵġ
ܳ⻰üͷҲǽһ壡
Ϊһ㣬֮ǰûȥǵġ
ôܵˣ˵Ĳ⣬ûκΰİô˵ģʹ˵ĻǶ˰Ҫ
ֻǣȻԲ˵ƲӰ죬ܳ۰òƺܹ͵֢ͨ״ĸԭ
G
üһﰡҶû뵽һ磡
ܳɣ
ô뵽İ
Ȼ˵ԴԲ˱ƣҪǣҽԼľ׼ȥ൱Ҫģ
ôܵˣ˻ƣָĹܶԼʱҪǵ֢״ˣ
ܳɣ
ôȥأ
Լڿ˲˵ĺ˴Ž֮һֱ㵽׸ôȥˡ
⣬Ƚ⣬ǺȻ߼
ԲǺ£úĥôƣڲ˵ĻָȴԼԼʵ
Ҳ
Ƶͣתһӣƿǵ̫̫Ķ
òƣ
ֱܳװˣ
ܳҲ˵ɫ仯ҲûüȥƵɫıˡ
͸Ͻʵھԭôģ̫ҪҪҪдĻؽڵˣǺܴġ
пܻӰ쵽·
ܳɿɲپԭˣսСڸˣǿɾ͵òʧˡ
ϥؽڲȶ°廹ˣҪǲǵʮ껻ؽڰɡ
ֻǣܳⷬС΢е䱸˵ҽҪҽԺ𣿡
е㻳ɣǲܳΪڲƭ˵ôһ׿ԣ
ܳɾͿơ
ܲ˵ڻᣬԾͲûˡ
ƾ͸Ͻ˵ܻҪȥһ߸ҽԺû豸Ļп̫ˣҲܽʡá
ûҪ
ɸΪ֮
ؽûҪе˶ҽѧҪйؽھҽԺûһ׵ʮϰ򣬿ﲻ棬ҽԺƿ϶ǲȥġ
ôʵϵĻ굹еܳɵˡ
˵ллҽǱΪû£ǻȥһ߸ٿɡ
˵꣬СھͲ˳ȥŲҴҡ
ߵĹУƺִô˵ġ
ߺܳվƣʣʦҸոգӦû˵ʲôɣ
ܳڲ˺ͼ£ö˵ʲôָԼĴ
ܳҲȫָܹĴָܹǲá
ֻǣ˵ģ⡣
ȨҲƣ۳ݡ
ܳɸѾˣʦҪTM̫Ҹˡλ磬ֻʲôʱԷҪԷʱٽ£
Ҳ뱻λڵĦˡ
Ҵˣ
δˡ
Ȩ
Ѳ䰡
ϸؿܳǲڹϷˣܳɵĿֿԵͷ˵ã˵Ķ˵ˣû£

ƴ˿еңԼ̫TMˣʱת
ȻĻܳڰĻЦ˽ոЩԼû뵽ĵ㣬ɣ
ܳĺΣհ
̫ˣ
סˣ

Ȩӽƽܳһʱ䣬µͷ
˵á
ҲᰡȨš


һʮһ Ӱɷ
ʵܳɵʮﲡˣûҳʲôëҲͷȥܳɲ뷨
ЦԼȥܳɾʲôġ
ܳɵӣѵԼûĥô
ƣȵúܣ˵˼£ſϳ档
ԼıҲһ¡
ȷĲˣ˺ͼ˵ţǾͲţȥΰɡ
˺ͼţҪתԺתԺɡ
ϼ˵㲻УҾͲУԼɡ
ڲ̨ϵʱ򣬾ͺñǶϾȨʱܳҲֻԼְֵѹȥǵĴ
·ֻҪԼô˵ͲƵġ
ѾγһܳӲıջȦԲһʱȥġ
˵ϴεı֫
ܳɴû˵Լᱣֻ֫˵֫λĽǣҪ֫Ĳˣˣ
ˣϵһжƶϣܳɾ˹ؽƵƣﶼ֣Ҳȥˡ
ȻˣѾ˳ֵ׼
ܳһԸˣԼٺȥ棬òҲû˼ˡ
׺ƾ;ܳɿʼ˫һ˿һܳɿĲˣܳɵ˵Ļôվ
ϾԼģҵĺҲԼģԼֻԹߣҺŷѽԼĿڴȴȫܳɵġ
Ҳδ̫˵
һΪͬʱ˵һӾͼ˺ܶࡣ
ʮһһʮ壬ſڵŵĲ˾Ѿˣȫ˼Ĳˡ
ȻȨԼڴһ仰
ƼſڵĲѾ࣬͵СܣСţʲô
ϵ»Բ
Ȩ̵ͷϵ»ð࣡
س涼ˣȣ
ܳɵνصҶ԰ʦҪ΢Ϻϰݺз
ϵ»ܳɵӽֻʳɿڣһ󣬲зʵݡ
ƾЦЦʲôзҪҲ
ϵ»ڶžһҪſǮͷѡҪȨȥ򣿵ʱҷ
ĵһЩСԣùǼԾˣôƿȨ
Ȩ̵ͷȻ˿ܳɣ˵ܳɸ磬ȥ˰
ɷ˼⡣
MDϱƺܳĦһ磬ΪĲǲٷô
ȻȨڿ˵ĻѧϰģȻҲѧ˲ٶ
ܳνص˵ͷ
Ȩ˳ȥȻ˿΢ŵ99.12
ͷϵ»ǮûˡҪǵȻʦǮתң㲻ƽˣ
ˣܳɸǮĻˣʦҲԼˡ
Ų٣ɱϵ»ɹ֮·
ȨʵʵؼסƵĽģĵǾһײٵСԣͲرˡ
ۼ147.2Ԫ
΢Ȼãڻ֧ɨֻҪµ㵥֧
Ȩѡ֧
ǮȨǲȱģô˵أÿ棬ͨ˵ĹʿԱȵġ
ֻãȻ˫۶Լĺţ
ò׵ȵĶã֡Ȩ˫ףɱҽԺȥ
һһأȻܿ죬ϵ㵥͵ȴʱ䣬ҲǰСʱˡ
ȨЦƿҵţȻûһȫȫȴɷɫ
ȥʱȨѾǰѰ״Ӹ˵ģŹȥԷĵطǻᱻģҲɾ
ֻǣȨǿסɷڴȻСƿź󰡡
һֻܳڣĲҲˡ
Ȩһ˺װһȡĺ׻ȰװУܳɣܳɸ磬ʦȥϴּ𣿡
ҿĸܳףǵȲԶˡ
Ȩ緹ųһӣҶ
ܳͷ˵ǣʦǸҩĲ˸ٱˣҽƵͶ߰칫ҵ˿ǵʦԲڽӽ°ĵ㣬ȥ͡
Ϻף
ȨĶһ͡
̿ʼұ仯
w(㧥)w
o(RڨQ)o
(ѩn)
͹(ܳܳ)
ˮֹͣĶ
ϾģƲڣܳɾȳԣ̫
촽ʣʦȥ˶˰
ߣӣ¥ûΪպءܳɿȨ
ȨҾſˣעôࣿ
ȻȨͺܳĵصһûһ졣
Ȩӣ磬Ǹƴӣӡô
һʼһΪãһڡܳɾû˵ġ
öʲôʱԷȨ˿ȫ⼸֣ѿڶ
ܳɣ
Ȼץץͷ˵ȨӣҪǶ˵ĻҪȳ԰ɡҵʦһͺˡ
Ȩô˼ˣȻе죬͸ķɫֻǵ˵ûûУҲʦһϡ
ģôѴʵ˵ˣ
ȻȨܳɶּȵʮ֡
ƺû˼ȨԼθѾ췴ˣϧⲻǵӰҪǸԼһеͺˡ
Ȩ;һתܳɣGܳɸ磬ٱʦģ翴ǸҪҩʦҩǸ˰ɣ
һ˵ţһ߻ʼڲϵͳϲ֡绰֤š
ΪھʵƵģЩȨûؾͲ鵽ˣȻ˿ס֮󣬾һߴ棬һλкѣû¼˷˹ȥ
Ȼ༭Ϣ磬ͷһĸ˾ϰ࣡
ƺȨΪעģϢʵС³Ҫ˸
磬ͽȨɡȨȸһĳƺȻ˵е㼱Ҳһ£ࡣ
Ȩ﹫˾һزˣǶһУΪϤԷȨ£ֻǴꡣ
ǰ꣬Էʱ֪Ȩݺ󣬿ûһ׼Ȩº
ȨЩȤ֮֮
ҪõȨ뵽
ãϻظ㡣Ȩ硣
ԺС˻Сͺá˳ǳػظţȻϿʼ˶ȨǸ˽˸ز֤
ȨҪĶܺò飬鵽˶ԷһС湫˾ְԱ˾ģ
Ȩ˹˾ֺ͵ַҽԺ治Զ
վܳ˵ܳɸ磬Ҹ£ҪȥһˣȻʦˣ˵һ
ܳȻ֪Ȩʱȥ
Ҳֻʣ㲻з𣿡
Ȩߣ⻰ػأɫˣҪԵģʦɱǷ˰Ƕ١ӣ
˵꣬Ȩ߳ţѿһ⳵ˡ
Ŀĵغ󰡣ȨŶõع㳡˹˾֣ſûˣֱ̾ƵġҲ塣
Ȩ˽ȥæµ
Ҫӡ𣿡ſڵһ˿ȨɨһۣƿܾǴӡ߸ӡġ
ϾȨӣǸسģڲûڵôܻǷ͵ɹġ
СҲ⡣
Ȩһ۾ϳǸꡣ
Ҳӡģ붩һƣܽ𣿡Ȩھ˵
һȨ˵һһ
˶˹ǸҲվɨȨ£ʣҪƣҪ٣
Ƶļ۸һٵʮпܡ
ǹ˾ܳµģҲֳ͵Ĺơ
üٸȨû˵ֻ֣˵
Ȩ⻰˾ͺǱƵġ
㶩ٸôģ꿪ڵ
ǲǵĻطˡԿ
ƽǽӵĵƣ߼ǧĵӣǳģȨſھʮģš
ҸҳǮУȨ귭˷ۡ
УֻҪǮһܵ
ƵȽϴҪȡ𡣡Ҳʱûɶ£ԾͺȨ྽
õİ϶ҪģʱɨǣֲǵǮȨڵȻһѵӾ
ȻͰԼˣһֱ֣ȨǸɵۡ
æЦ˵Ϣһ£ģȥһ衣
Ȼתߣ˵ϰżѾǱĹ˾©Ĵ㣡
⻰һһ
Ȼ˾Լͬ¿϶ڲˣϰҪźúã׼ÿ󵥡
һȥʽñʼǱֽʣһűʼǱԹˡ
Цʵϰ壬֪պƣ֪ҪĹư
ͬʱ˫ֹصݹһƬҽǡ
ȨӣǰƬӹˣңǾΪˣ
šҽʲôҪ
ҵҪܼ򵥣ǰѹдţƣ֣Ȼٰǹ湫˾ӡȥͿˡ
ȻΧ๤ҵĹҵ԰һȦ
ָеȵĹƸͳˡֻһҪҪҪۡȨſ˫֣˵
Ȩ⻰һ˵ƤͽӲ
ࣿ
๤ҵTNʡͷҵ
Ӧ˵ǿҵˣΧ๤ҵ԰һȦȥţ֡
ⲻô
ĳ鴤оԼϷˣˣȻӲرŷУضȨһϰ嵽ʲô𣿡
๤ҵ԰Ķ³ҲͬĹɶ
ҪǿɲҸ㡣
Ȼ׬ǮҲǮҲҪǮ׬׬ã˵ȨԳǮǾǮġ
ᱻ趼ʶ
ҸǮͰ˵ˣӵ飬취Ҫǹ湫˾ָӡȥҲǱǹ˾ˡ
Ҳǹѣǹ˾ҲܺܿȨſھ
Ȼ󻰷һת˵ҵ
ӿҪġ
һͷûȥ
㻹
ҲЦŵϰ壬˵£ͲЦ˰ɡ
ҲţҲϣҵүүС
ȨǲЦģһǮĴͻҲõŵ¡
ȨҲûﵢ飬ҵ˵ʵֲţ
Ȩû취ˣĹƣҪ̫༼İ
Ǵ˿ĺֲ÷
ģ˵Ǽ
ҪǶóؼǣ飬
ϰ壬ǲǺ๤ҵˣʲôԹĻҾ˽ȥͶԷ̸ûҪôĵķʽбʲôġ
ҵǹ˾һġ
๤ҵۣǿ϶˵ġ
Ȩ룬ֵŶ˰ǸͬĹƣд鶺ȣף쿪ġ
Ȼǹ˾֣Ҹ˵ĵطȥԲ
飬Ŀǰ๤ҵĲܲã
һеģִҵҪԱǶ˽ģȻһˣ벻ﶨʲôûԵ
ǿɾҪˡ

ʮӺ
ȨĸҪ󶼱ܾˡ
ֵˣʲôƨ湫˾
ҪȥͶǣô򵥵ҵ񣬶ҽӣˣ
棬ǵȼˣҲǱ飬ɷʣ
ţȨĴ˵绰ȥͶߡˣԼҵͶߵģǴ绰Լϵ˾沿ˣ绰˾ϰͶߵġ
˼ǣĹȥ˾ТĲɣ׽ֵܣ͸ףԼø磬ҲȻһԼýƯҲС
ҪͶǹ˾㿴ôŪ
رǸǵˣҵͨеǲҪ˸ߣ
ͺֱˡ

绰ع沿ˣһһ
ֹܵľǹҵģϢǸ湫˾ϰֺڡ
Լһʲôë
ĹӸ磬ҪʲôĹƣõ׬Ǯᣬǲɣ
ɷʰɣ
ȻԿ˹˾
ž֣
ɫģˣɷǰҽԺҽңǰɣ
٣ӻǰɣ
һʼû뵽Ȩ˺ôһŴ
̫ˣȻ֮ǰſ֣ǾԿţһҽ
ͬ˵ܰɣĿٰǧ򣡡
ûüҽǮ
Ǵ˿Ѿŭˣٵˣͱϰ˵ˣʮǮ
ڸһ죬һȥҽԺٱһҪƵȥعǣʲôҶ
ֻǣֵʱϰ嵽ſھʹǣ˭أ
쵽ô£˾ҵΪʲôӣ
ոع沿־绰Ͷܾǹ˾ҵ񰡣ָյͶ㡣
ǵɵˣ

λү˵
㰡ʲôҰ칫ң˵ô£ϰȻҲںͿ
عôܿС˾ǳʲô£
ոչ˾ʲôˣ˰칫Һϰǡ
ǾͰȥ˵һ飬˵ϰ壬ˣҽȥҽԺ迪ҩʱ򿴵ҽ
ҿԿ϶
ֻǣعΪʲô绰ҾͲ֪ˡ
Ȼ˵ԼҽԺ﷢飬Ƕඪ˰
ǵϰҲôˣ˵ģ㻹ûô
ʲôˣһ㶼ӰҪʲôˡ
๤ҵϰ𣿡
ܹڷǹҵ沿һ𣿡
˼ڹˣأ
ǲǽ˰
һ
ڶ棬ǵϰ̺ɸֵָģϽԼȥӰ쵽˾
־ŽˣŪְǲ㣬ء
ҲʲôԼܽͽˡҲû취
๤ҵǲ𡣡

٣Ȼͣش˰ҽԺҽơ
ȥ֮󣬾ǷǳϡضǸͶ߰칫ҵĹԱǸ˵ΪĴ󣬸˹һҪҽ
ҽһǳõҽ
һûƺͶ߰칫ҵĹԱɵˡ
ӺһӰ칫˳ǼǸҪһ̡
ϴʵؾܾˣȻһǣȻ֪˵񾭲أǾͽԴҩĽ
ȻͶңǳҽְҵģҪҪȰ㡣
ЩҩˣҲˣûκκôʵ㿪ҩһӵ飬ûҪô鷳
ǣԸͶңҲԸΪ㿪Ϊֻǵز鷳ڲȸ㿪ҩ鷳
ԴȥһȥȫһҺһҽԺȥǶҩʲôöԲ˲˺ԭǱҪסĵߣ𣿡
ƴ˿̶ͷЩϸ֮ǰͶ߰칫ҵ˽͵ʱġ
ǿ˿ƣƵĻİպͺͬʱڣ֣صص˵ͷлл㣬ҽˡ
ƵǸɵƣҲô£Ҳô˷Լʱ䡣
ܣԼҽҲҽǵΪԼĸ׺á
ǣЩҩԼȥҽԺ￪İ

ƻصʱѾʮʮˡ
ܳɺȨСֻһԴ
ƺȨ̻ȥܳ˵ܳɸ磬ܳɸ磬ʦˣʦڻˡ
ٴδ˰װĺ˳Թã׼ԣ
ܳɿȨ飬
ôԶô
ܳɿƽ󣬾ʣʦûʲô°ɣ
ȨųԣܳɿɵǱߵ⻹û
Ȩ۰Ͱ͵صܳɺλ˷ʱƱƣȹϵϡ
MLGB׻
ֻ룬û˵
ͷȨǶʳĿҲ֪˶ÿ죬˵˲񾭲Ǳ߳Ա˵ɡ
ƵķԸȨ̸ܳɺ˫뺺ȻԼһڵҧȥȫʱ̲ˡ
жԣܳԱܲ䷹
һ߳ԣһ˵Ͷ߰칫ͣǸרܻˣҾһǸ
ˣˣˣӻͷƵġ
Ī
ܳҲû˵ʲôͺЦػ˵ҲʶԼĴԲŻǸİɣϣҲ١
ܳ⻰֮ǰڼƵʱǴӶλ⣬Ȼܳɸ⣬˺ͼͶ߰칫ҵͶʱ˹
ͽ£е
µʲһǴܳɰæ⣬죿
Ҳɡҿסһ߳ԣһ߻¡
ȨǼãûעƺܳ˵ʲôԿʱѾһű˼֡
ƵطٶȣʼССڵس˼׻
󣬻˵СţܳɰҲ˰ɣҳһ͹ˡ
Ȩ˼˵ҳԵòˣʦȳԵ⡣
Լ˸ڡ
ܳ˵Ȩӣû£ٳһɣ֮ܲ·ۣĲô
ãȨͲΪ˼˵ڶ˫㺺
¶ǣо
һʮ˵ǰһƬǽ壬жʰøɸɾ
ǣȨһ˸ɵ
Ȼȥˣڿúܡ
ȨıӰ˵Сܣ㷢ûУȨӣ˺üƵġ
ܳɾ͵˵ͷ񣬵ᰡǻһڿԵĺзܾȽϴɣǰû֡
ܰɡҲû㶮
Ȩƾ͵ʱҲˣҪҪȥϢһ°һ˿ͺˡ
ܳȻǲߵģǿλļ
Ȩ˿̳Ա֮󣬱ҡͷʦѧ˺ܶණһܳɸ磬Ҫֵ࣬ؿһɣ
ҲͿܳɡ
Ҳ֪ǲȨжôһ˵󰡣ܳɵĵ绰ִֵġ
ҶϺܳɾ˵ʦȻؿ˰
Ȩӣʹﰡ绹ʮţĸţ˺ܶġ
Ȩ̱˸OKơ
ܳߺƱ㿴ȨȻתţʵСţ˵ϸѧ˲٣ûʲô𣿡
ôಡˣ㶼𣿡
Ȩɫͺܺڣ¶ɫݣεЦݡ
ȨĿɬųԷȥˣѹûôȥ
ʦʵҵе࣬һʱ䲻֪ôʣһȥúÿ飬ʳһЩͼȨϴ
ص˵ͷ
һ̾
û취˰СţܳûҵҵԽУֻһˣȻĻҶ컳ҵǲǸרҵĹؽƵҽˡ
ڻڣҵõ֤ʵԼݡ
ҾרҵĹؽҽ
ܳɰ
뵽ܳɣ͸⸴
ûʶôֵˣֱ˹
Ƶѧҽ
TMǿѧǲѧأ
һƥϹ˿Ϸܳˣ

ﰵܳɣȨεЦʱ򣬴˿̵ܳδá
ģϷǵĸлֵѾ49
һģ⸱Ȼֻ51
Ҳ˵ϣõ15ĸлֵ
ԭػøлֵķʽʲôʲôǶǼٵģ
ϧԼȫûʸ
øϽѼ꣬Ȼȥﱨ
ǣܳɵ˿󣬾̿ˣеؿʼ̸
ֶϢңûʶܳɵңһֱʲôʱܳɻˣ͸һѧϰһ¡
һμʮӣϢ߳ʻʿվʵϰʿܳҽؿ𣿡
ˣʮǰͻˣҸողſȥң
̾һ𣺡Լøոպð
лл̼ӿŲȥ
סֻ࣬ʣܳɺȨϾоܳѧϰԼҪʲôˣ
Ȼܳɵ֣Ħѧϰһ£
ﻹڴŸ壬ƿʱ
ͷ֣
ܳѾڸ˴ʯˡ

һǰŽ
ִ㵵ʣܳɸ磬λˣ
šܳɶûͷһƽ顣
ͷƤ˲ˡ
ţҸ׼ĸ״˰
ȻӺܳɾͶԲ˽ȻȥƽƬȻҿ¼ƬӣûͿԻȥˡ
ȥϢ˶ҽĽĶһҪǿģһҪ
ȻʱһύһģҪ
Цݣʹܳɷǳģõģõģҽ
ȻܳɻͷĿ⸴ӣƺлҪ˵
ָ磬զˣܳʡ
Ŷûʲôܳɸ硣һ飬ߵĻ˻ȥ
֪˵ʲôãѵҪ˵ô԰Ѹλô죿ѧϰĿ
ôֱ׳
лл㰡ܳɸ硣ֻһ䡣
ܳɾ͵ָ磬ˣӦõģȥϢϢɣһȥȻĻʱҴ绰
ʵԽв
ŶȻһʦƵҽ绰ɣǰѹؽλĲ˽¥Ϳˡܳһ˵ţһ߾˳ȥ

ֶʱ;ʲôסɤӡ
׳нҲˣѧϰĻˣȻļҪȥˣ
ȻҲ˵ڡ
ܳߣĶĲţǸлֵûô࣬ؾƿ˿ҵžˡ
ֿܳɵıӰ̾һ

ԼĵӲ󰡣֣ûô



һʮ ǺҪײ
޾ͷʹͷʹȴʵԵͷ­ڲԵ֢״ԭµͷʹ
˿Ƥɳϣ۾ֻϸضֻϢڿ
ԱߣǶ޵ţ㣬ʰẒ́û㵹ǲ鷿ˣҲ֪Ұæ
㲻ʼʲôƻ˰ɣ㿪Ц붭˵ŻӣɨŶ޵Ľš
𿪵㣬Ҳ֪һ챧ֻ鿴Щʲô
ޣϴѧѧԺĽڣеѧǺѧǲʿоʦһ֪ȣѾʮ꣬ӽʮ
ҲϴѧĻƣݺһҹ˾ⷢȣŮ޺ʹְˣΪŴ׼
ȥԼŮ˳ȥ徻٣;¿ûɲֻʣҲô
޴˿̧̧Լ۾˵˵ЩʲôأڿϢʲô
㿴㿴
һء
޾ֻݸԼ㡣
˿̰ɨһԣ˵ⲻЩʫʣһǰɣ
Ȼ·Ŷ޵ѶϢظ
ãϴѧҽԺƵѧҽ߮磬ҵѧǣ13821xxxxxx
ȼ򵥵ԱԼݣ֤Լѧ13ͷ֤13ѧѧ
㱾ûԼϹʲôģֻǿһֱûʱԼƽﻹĬԣͺ鷿ˡ
ݶ˶С˵״չרĶࡣʵұҲһС˵дҵߣֻĶţݷһ𣿡
㿴⣬͹Զ˵˼ҺҪݷã⼸û
߮磬ĪǻŮӣ͵͵ˣôʣǹģϣܶ˵˵
޵Ƥ鳶һ£Ӵιúÿͷβô
⺢ѧԺѧҽѧԺģǻϴѧҽԺĲʿҪ
˵ѧתȥΪңдС˵
úõҽôΰְҵȥ֣ȥЩеûġ
˵⣬ֵһһ߮ͬѧŶӦ˵߮粩ʿ൱㰡ѧŶʮ꣬ѾƪsciףӰӻ͡
רҵϣھڶ޷ɵ
ⶼֻҽѧ˲ôˣǽš
мôһ⵹ùѧ˹ҺƵģ˵ȥ
ö˵еҶ죬û뿴ЩϢͷҪѧȥдС˵ǲá
Ȼٴ·û̫˼ȥעҪˡ
ƫͷʣ⺢һİȰһ
ʮڶҲ̫˲ЩţҲ϶ǸбµˣܰĻͰúһ;ɡ
㻹Ǿ߮⺢ϧģȻô㣬͸üȥ
̾һҡͷ˵ȰˣôûȰ
ˣƺȰĻˡ
ΪʲôѹȥϢס޾ʣһظ޶һ衣
⣬ܰ߮;⻹ǹһء
޾˵ȥСдС˵ҵС˵ĽǶȶԣдǲġһĳɼҲ˵ˡ
㻹ǲ̫⣬ֻǵ㲻оһʱѧ˵һеװȻоɶnie
ֻ˵ооһ˿ġ
⺢ӣн򣬱ȵʲôҽ㣿нûиߵ룬ƣһдһ׷ӵ׸
ôȰ
۾͵һдС˵ô׬ǮƽڵĹʻ߰д
ǻƳԼԽǮ־ΪС
Իһתֵط
˲ٷ˷ۣ͵дǸˣ־ддĶû˿֪С˵Ľṹͺʲôô
˵㶮㲻оôȥд¡Զ޼üŪۡ
ɫΪΣȻѧԺĽڣоҲǺѧоĶͳѧС˵пҲ֪׬Ǯ
˵ʵȥд׾ˣϾʮǰҲ緢ؽʮСţ˽ֵ趼ʶˡ߿ɲʲôѧڵˡ
ɫһ˵дʲôҲᡣ
㵽Ҫʲô۵ĹؼǸ߮ôôϰ
޽Űѻ˻Ϊѵǣ׸ôܰȰȥ׬ǮӦҪǵݡʣǸΪѧƷչףͶѧƷչ֮еġ
ɾΪҳһŶԼͷЩա
˵߮ŸУܾͰ߮Ȱȥˡ
߮Ѿеһ̶ȣǳͷǮ˭Ըȥҽ°
լڼͰǮ׬ˣԺȡ
ͨˣ޻ԸúõطһԼС˵о⣬оͻ᲻дġ
ɶ޾ԼֲΪŰԼǰ߮ˣ͸һȥˡ
ĵʲô⣿׷ʡ

⺢Ӱ˵дС˵дҽģǣԼΪԭͣڿ̻ǵʱ򣬺ƫһǱǻˣǿҽˡ
С˵ҪǴкʹУǶҪݣҪܹȱ˶ҶԱȶԽǿԽá
˵⣬ޱ̾һ˵ʵǱǾʵС˵ܶܶˣͺñȽӹ棬Ǳ̫ˡ
ǶǴͳС˵ѧˣڵĶ߲ˡ
С˵ķչҪʽڣв̶ͬȵصģǧƪһɣǰôдڻôд߾ˡ
ĶΪе£㲻ѧҲûС˵
ֻʶޣڸôأһ
ǲҲᰡٺٵЦҪ⣬Ҷ˵ȻĻƽﶭһ㶼ں߸־ѧӵġ
˵ãã϶ˣҲõһˡ
һˣ鱾ûġ
ôܲᣬǲ˵;
С˵дĹУرС˵ҲҪһЩӵļܺͼɵġ
ͺñȰ֮ԻǱҪôǿ̻̫ͷˣǵīҪ࣬е
Ҫôǿ̻̫ģˣԼûԭ͵Ķλʵԣ͵һصͻȻ֣С˵ԭĽࡣ
ô˵㲻̫ףС˵ĻôǺķ֧Ϫ
ϸһ𣬲ų˺һ㱾ŵϪͻȻ˽ĻǾͻһͿöòˬ
ȻдС˵ûôźͿ͹ۣҪиΪϸڻĴ
ͺñȣôһ㣬ϸٶС˵бȽϺͻһͻܺõشߵĹϵǻǣǻǡ
˵ţԼˣ͵͸㽲ˣ˵Ҳף㻹ǵ
͹°ͣ٣⡣
Ⱳӣʱ˵ô໰
ܵ𣿡
΢΢һ̾˵Ƶ飬ҲҺ̸ѧҲҪ˵ʲôأ
˵߮¡ҵһõϵ㡣

ͬʱ߮˿ڹҺ̨ԽԽı˵
˵ǿҽǻǣȻǸĳǣǵӽȥдɣ϶˼
ͬ⣬һϴѧƵı˶Ҫÿ¸ÿչ
ߣҲǸܾдݡֻһͨĹ࣬Ķô࣬㲻úúÿһ£ԹGûоϵͳԵѧϰ
ߴҰǻ½ô

߮С˵һǾܳΪԭ͵½ɡ
߮ı⣬Ϊ˱ҽѧĽԻСκһˣʵʶġ
ǽеӣӷӿ
Լʵľдģ߾ǲˣˣԼ
ɶ߻Ǹܣд˰
׷˿һǧ
߮翴ԼԼѧУһС˵оĽڵϢûлظϢҲͬʯ󺣣߮綼֪Էûп
ǣ߮;ˣҪȥˣæԼҵĽ취
߮ȥϴѧıѧԺԼġͬѡ
ҲдС˵ģɼû߮ãǶԷרҵѧרҵ߮ãа취޽ڵϵʽṩġ
ֻҵλС˺öʦܺʦȴɥ˵߮磬дС˵ûдףôָ㰡
£ճپ¸¸պõĸµȫڣС˵ٺϸٵһ˹۾СУ޹ض߮˵
߮ıѧʱ13һͱҵˣʦܶ16ģСĽ졣
Ȼ£߮翴ܵʦܵ屲ˡ
߮ɫһһʣʦܣ㿴棬ҲûᵽĽ𣿡
߮ѧԺʦܣҲͬѧĴҵ£һ
±ͻأûô鰡߮磬ҲǸԺڵϵʽȥЩڣǼʶ㣬֪취

߮磬ת뿪ϴѧδʹ˷Բˡ
ȥͬС
ɳпȫѧСģɶѧĴȻ߮ǻûʸ뵽ȥģҲ򶩵˴Ⱥɪɪ˵
дľḻܵõ
磬ߵ㡣
߮ɹزһٷһλǰĿĵȰ£˳⳵˵ʿʵɣҾûҪô档Ǳһͱһ
߮ڶʿݣȺ˶֪ģҾ󲿷˶ûѧˣǶ߮ҲΪصġ
ûС˵ֱƸ·תɣ汻K.OͿˡ
дҽģͣûоԵɷɣǵ׸ôҾΪˡ
ϸҵĽǣ㡣
һд֮ǰǿˣͨ½ṹѶԷŪ٣Ūʵ˴ġ
ϸرȽһǺ֮Ĳ࣬ͨճϸڣԱȻռϷ磬Ȼ߽͡
ֲģʤϸ֮䣬óȻһ϶ߵֻ͡趨飬ҲԸӣʵصĲʿڣʦġ
дơͺˡ
߮ΪѵѾдһ˵ĽɫˣͲŸպúʣھǣᣡ
ͬظ֣ǲ׻𣿡
Էı˳飬ﰵôıôأҪдʵô
ʵϵȥİɣֱӰдɷʣȻϳеװƴȲΣ֮ͺˡ
Ժ;ɫĳֺˡ
Ű߮ˣҡҡͷǾᣬ૵úõĲʿúõҽдС˵ھʲô

߮˳⳵ϣԽԽԼͲðܳɫ뵽С˵ġ
ڸö̫βˡ
С˵ˬľݲࡢʵࡣԼǲʿѧʡ
ܳͨס࣬Ӯ˲ʣɲκεջС
ȴǾԵضˣŪúܡ
ⲻǸʺô
ô꣬߮˼䣬ϹĶӣʺ֣á
ȻڼϣûеõȽϺõĽ취ǽ˼·߮Ѿҵˡ
ˣҪȥܳɽ䣬Ȼҵܳɵı㣬ȻС˵гһ
ԼһõĻǣ£ʡҽѧǿƷֻᴴƵƬеʱˣʱܳȥ᳡һȦ
Ͷ֪
ȻҲǿеؽнǴǿмϷⶼȻ߮ϣԼС˵ĽɫƳʱԭ;ʵ
̻ԸͻЩȻ֮ĹϵͳͻҲȻЩ
Ҿ˫Ŀԣ߮綼Ѿ˼·ƺˣϽ½ɡնþ뿪ƣںȥǾͲ߮ùܵˡ
߮ΪۣƣС˵ҵ˺ʵķλãЧ
Ͼˣ͸˵ˣôƫƫܳ
ôأ
ǣ߮ͶԼڹĩʦһ绰ҪҪܳɲμӵļƬ顣
ÿѧƵѧ鶼ܶ࣬ǿƵƬᣬһ󣬵ҲСѧˡ
߮󣬱صɣҵʱһ°ҽԺģǸܳɣ᳡ˡ
ģǶҪġ
˵ֺȻ߮ˣ߮磬һ鷳£㿴ܲţ취
ʦ˵߮ûӦһ˵ٴԺ飬߮ﻹûá
ֳһȻ̾һ˵ʵʡܳɰǰҽԺо˸ԣˢˣ
߮Ե죬üʵܳǱѧо𣿡
߮Ψһ뵽ģܳɻᱻˢĿԡ
ѧͣѧоճ̶ȣû¡
רҵ̾͡һ
߮簡Ǳ˶ԿܶоͲʿĸ
ʵоĸ֮Уʱ̣ܶ˵ۺϿˣʵһϣſĵʦǽԡͳɼˡ
ûٴһ
ȿǰֻҪǱֵرˡȻѧУУģѧУõģ
ȻУ׾ˡҾͲ˵˰ɡʡһ㣬Ӧ˵㡣
һܽǹϵ
ܽǿԺڹϵԺϵӵܿ϶û취ҪϵӲģҲ취
߮ڳȻģĸʦԣûƣһܸоʦоʦûʸֻвʿʦʸ
ԣʦ˼Ҫȥʲôأܳٿһô߮ʵֱ˵㡣
˼һǣܳΪҽԺԸҪ걨˾ѧĸҽԺ
Ȿûʲô˸־ȻЦȥЦɡ
һϣܹܳʡǶֵı⡣
ʵӦԷ˵ģʲôûȥνֻǱ߱ѧУųҵ֮⡣
߮Լʦ˼ˣ֮ǰһֱһʣҲ⿪ˡ
ܳɵרҵǿûȥо룬ûûȥ
һȻ߮Ҳò˼飬Ѿһ
߮˰ҽԺҲŻ鷢
֪ˣʦҲ֪ôֻ˵΢ȰһȰ˸־һܳɵıȥѧҽԺоأ̹߮ϡ
Ϊ߮ãܳɵʵȥħҸ̫ѡ
ֻҪѧλˣʮþȵ顣
ܽѧҽԺԽԽѧɹҲ£ļõĻôҲ̫Ϊģ̫ãô˰ȥѧɹģ
ҽѧоѧҲãջǶҪٴϵġ
뵽߮ǵãһ꣬ĺЭҽԺΪҪҽԺȥĲϺܶ࣬ˣƢˣˡ
ǽˣϲȫûϵ
ЭҽԺȫҽԺӹɵģҽԺ֮УҽԺףأ
ǾԵʵ
־˵߮磬ҵ˼ǣܳɿһϴѧҽԺоʵ
ҸоͲѧˣһ㶼ǻϧġȥպڰҽԺܳϣúʵĻ԰ҽԺ
ֵ˼ԣϣ߮ôһܳɣϴѧҽԺ档
߮ΪϵͳѵоĿǰ˵ȥܳɣܳɶҽԺ棬ǲ̫ѵġ
߮⻰üͷһ壬ѹ˵ʦҲ̨̫
ƽĲ߮綼˵ʲô
ܳڲ鷿ʱ򣬻Ҳࡣ
Ҫȥôܳɣǳ̨ʲôİ취
߮Լķôʱ䣬ûаסܳɣȻĻ֪ôڵľˡ
ȻҲ߮磬˵ԼɣҪԼҲôһ䡣
᲻Ƕ˰һ仰΢еǶ߮Ĳá
߮һǼضԶ˵Բʦ󣬹Ҷ˵绰
ÿ˶ԼĹ¡ѡ˲øźͲ֡߮ˣܳͬҲˡ
ܳҲԼ϶ֲġ
飬Ҳͻֻ̨ʱܹԼʵ
ǣ߮е㵣ģԼ̫ˣǸĺڲֺܳԼǸǺã
Աˣ߮ԼӵоԵʵȥѹ
ȨǱߣ߮绹û취
ͳ϶Ȳ㣬Ǯ
ͺǮ
զأ
ˣǲ
ңڿֻһȨɵƣҲǸصըҩͰ
ǰƱƼˣҪԼƴʲôĻָǺã
߮ͻȻ֣Լ˰ҽԺ󣬲ûģô޾
Ǵܵǣƺ
һڣûʱȥ컨ˡ
ֻǺúõѼزģдС˵
дС˵ҲΪܳɵĳ֣˽ࡣ
ǣ܃

һߡ
ܳɺܳϲãΪлֵѾͻ70أܿӽ100ˡ
˵ʦҾͲȥԷ˰ֵࡣȥˡ
ŵԽ࣬ģĿѡԾԽࡣ
ң¸ܹ̻ܣóʼģĻӺʵ
ܳ뵽ԷĶǣܶ࿴һ˾һ˵Ĵ㡣
Ͳôһﶼá
ƴ˿ǰ°࣬ҲȻδܹܳɣҲһϢ
ǾܳҲԵذ´ʱ΢㡣
ܹҵܳɵıԳʹһȻˣҲԺܿģΪܳɵ֪ʶȦܹܺ񣬶ʵԸ⿴ġ
ܳɶԹؽ˻Ҫڿѹؽǳ档
ȻܳҪȥо죬ҲߵøԶһܺõ񣬵ԼǺܺõĵʦֻܹԭ߸ӾͣҲһΪĵ顣
˶ܳ˵ɣ˲˻绰ġ
ԷҪ
ƾܳɿȥ۵ַλۣĲˣҪΪá
һԵȨʮͬƵĹ۵㡣
ش󣬳ԷΪ󰡣ܳɸ磬ȥԷ
ҪˣǾҺⲻŲ䷹ô
ڡ
Ȩһ䷹ͬ飬ĵĸС
ܳɸ磬һȥɣֵµĻ绰ġ԰ɣʦȨЦݽףɫγԱȡ
ƺȨ˵ܳɵǲ̫þܾˣʦҪƷˣҿǳԵòٵġ
ϿȨЦЦ˼ǣԵöࣿ
Ȩ˼΢΢ͷ͸ǿЩ

ϵֵ࣬ܳɲû˯úܺãʱģܳһ϶û˯ȣ
࣬˸λĲˣܳû˯⡣
ܳɶɰЩ˵ô°ϵĶ˯Ҳ֪ڸ
ܳɼǵһŮӣ˵ǴϵʱڼͻһӣѼؽˤ˺ĺλ
岡ʷܳûʣǹſ϶ʵ
Ĵ㲻˯ܻһӣ
һǺλ
ǴӴˤȥҲǰλ߹۵ĿԸ㡣
࣬ܳɻǳȥܲˣһŻϴ˸衣
ȵϸɾ·ٵ칫ҵʱʱߵʮ塣
ʱ򰡣ܳɱҪȥԼϵ²˵ģȻܴǻҪ֪ڵĲ˴ʲôġ
Ϳˣ߮羹Ȼ֪ʲôʱ˿ȻʶϾҪ˺š
Ͼ˿ʮ⣬ǰƵĲϵͳ˺ź߮磡
סҽʦûԼĵŵģǽϼҽʦ˺ţԼܹʲôˡ
ܳɺ㶡
߮Ҫ˺ŸɣȻİζҪȻ
߮ȴΣͷܳɶ˵ܳɸ磬Ҳ²ռزġʱûˣͲ㡣
סһ˺ţͬʱĲˡͷܶࡣ
ҽԺǿһϼҽʦĹŶǿͬʱĲ˵ģ
ΪǰǿƾֻһûнеȨ޻֡
ܳԣصû£߮磬Ϳˡ
˲˭˽ƷϺܲס߮ЩʲôܵõŶ
ֻǣܳҲ¼˲ϵͳ˺󣬾ͷһ̫ԾĲˣԼϡ
ϣ֫ˣ崴

ļ崴ôⲻӦ
ȻȥһȻѾǱдˡ
Ȼһһ겡¼ʱܳɱͷ
üһﰡˣҲ֪ˣǲá
ڣĴ˲󣬲ףѪҲ࣬¼ҽԺѾ崴ͷϡ
þǣ׵ĿӣĹɹǸûˣ
ûˣǶˡ
ղʷ˵ǣǹͷײɳȥˣҾһûˣǱײɵɽ档ֳûҵû顣
һзɹɹǰ
ǿеĲʷܳȻû˻ƣǾվ
Ȼ֣߮ҲͬʱվȻ˿ܳɣ˲ɫͬʱ߳ҽ칫ҡ


һʮ һҪ취
ܳе߮ôֻ߮ڿһǳȻ⣬ġ
ζ飬ڿԼ£ܳȻڵһʱʡ
˿ˣʣ߮磬һôɣ
ܳɿû߮ôߵľ磬Ҳûݣÿζ絽ġǳܣȻ裬Ľ
߮ͷ˵ţС˵һСƿڡ
ǰʱֻŲˣľдо΢еѷ֧Ź¼УңܲҵʵĲһС
߮粻˼˵͸ԼܳɵǵԭͣȻǵǰսŪеˣڵҪĿΪܳɶġ
ֻڿܳɵʱ߮ͻȻԼִ̫أԳһ£ԼαҪܳɼƽôأ
С˵ѧƷѧƷǿԽмӹ봦ġ
һҹ˼Ҳҵ˽ֻҪͨĲ־Ϳˡ
Ǵϸڴ£δҪʵֻҪԼ֪ЩддȥͻǱܳΪԭ͵½ɸʤһＴɡ
Լ֪ʶ̣ЩдΪ֮¡
ܳ£߮ԼҽѧС˵дһ顣
ǾдС˵δҪȫеĸʽݣС˵ʵһǲԵѧдúܾͨɬҲдúֱס
С˵ķչԽԽעصճʹУ˵Ҳ˵ö߾ۼڹµ뵽
ҲԽԽװƴͺñҽģͲ̫װƴڣҲܵ˶ߵ
ˣ˵С˵ô֣ʵûиʽĶġ
дãҳྣͶ컥Ҳһּõдʽ
ֻҪܹöڴУڶĹвҪûɬѶǾһС˵ˡ
߮Իߵģ
Ҫĥġ
ڵС˵ɼܹﵽһȡ֮ʵʵʵУֿ֣ö߸о˹ڵʵԣȻټԼӹɫ
ʵΪ͸Ӿ׺
ԣ߮زȥ־ʵĲˣ
ⲡǺдͷдúãܹÿͬǶĿһ¡ǣȫƪôдĻǲظ£ȫûʲôͷ
ãԼܿԺúõȥھһ³Ĳòͬıʽб
ֻҪܹúʵķʽѶߴ
Ǻù¡
߮籾ǱǣڿĹУȴײһĲ
ⲻ͸ô
ڹǿڳȱҲǴεĹȱ𣬶һΪ˵¹Ƕʧȱ
׻ǹͷˣǲ顣
Ŷ߮ǲҲ27˰ܳҲ߮硣
߮ԳƵһ۲۵š
ţҲܵơ
ͺñȣܳɾԼļڿ϶Ѿˡ
ƱھϣͻǾһĲࡣ
ΪƵļʶ㣬ҽѧ򣬱Ϊ̣ܵĽ飬ҲĲθӸߡһѪ˵͸һЩƹ̵ʵʡ
ȻЩǱʣڵܳɶԣƵһЩʶ˵ѾǴҽ֮⣬˵֮ϵһЩˡ
ܳĿǰģܳҲǿ
ܳɽż˵ҲûԺܺ棬ûסȲ鷿ȥǰˡ
ܳ⣬ԼٴϣҵҵסԺҽʦĹǿƼﶼʶˣĿԹۺʹˣδţ
ôĹ˻ƣûס
ôĲܳȻʶһµġ
߮Ҳͷ˵ʵҲû
ȱǺܳһµĹȱ𣬴඼Ϊԭ򣬵˽عǲ˹ȱȱ𣿡
һȱô󣿡
û
߮һͷһܳɲС
˶˶ԷͬĿģһͬȥ˲˵Ĵԡ
˲ܳɾͷ֡
һԣʮҵͣݵġ
񲢲䣬˵ĵƵǣֱǸ
ֻȴѾ̫ЩطɫʵˣҲ֪Ϊûϡ
Աŵһ긾Ůͬ䣬Ĳݣص˵һ֡
ܳɺ߮ԼŰԼҡھʵҽӦþҵҽ˰ɣ
ܳɵͷصǵģǶǲ̶ҽԺҲҽҪӴҽ򺣱ҽĹܴҽ
Ļκ˶ԡ
ǰ27ǹܳɹܵģ2527ָ򺣱ĴλǶϾȨˡ
򺣱ǹǿƵģԹܵĴλ̫࣬չ˲顣
öϾȨһЩ
ϼ˵ǿˡ
˰죬ֵҽͶ˵ҵҽڿǽң˵ĩ
˵ãҽĩɰҼŶ˵ҽԺҽģҽڣʲô¿
ҽ֮󣬾ֵҽһۺ󣬾û˹ˡ
ĸ㲻ҽԺ²ţ΢һϢζ壬һЩ˵Ҫúܶࡣ
һġе㡯긾ŮһҡĴλ
һŲˣ˵ûõĿ
˵˵㣬һģõһûɹ
㲻ҪĦУһҪguo죬º˿ȹͷûÿ
ҲеΣҲǱĥ̫Ѫԡ
ܳɾͽ͵ģλ磬ҽĩҲǻģϻڲģһֵҽʮСʱš
쿴￴룬£Ҫļﲡ˿ңĻĩҲҪϢһġ
ǣôܵˣ
Ϊضܳ˵ĦгײġȥҽԺҡ
ҽ˵ҵĹͷˣ˵ҵĹۺر𣬿Ǽʮ궼֣ǴˣҵĿӷˣתԺ
Ҿ
Ҳ֪Ĵģ˵ԼĹǼʮ겻ʱΪе㽾ҲûʶԼĲжء
Լ˵úر𣬺קƵġ
ܳɺ߮绹û˵ʲôžرʲôð
ǡȻܳɣҽϹҪô㿩ͷûˣԺҪô·
оǣǲʹˣԾͲ֪ʹ˰ҿλĲ˻ҪһЩ
˵ԣҳֻûĲôʹ
Ƕ˵ҲʹҲôáеԵá
߮۾˷ס
ܳ˵ĹΪʴڴȱ˹۶϶û˱˹۶϶˵Ħγ˲ԵĴȱԿ̫ܲʹУټѾʹ
ʹĸоʵáرʹ
˵⣬ܳɼʣո˵֮ǰҽԺôǱסԺأ
ˣȻĲ϶ҲѲԤϡ
ԽĲˣ࣬鷳ԶԶ糣Ĳôɡ
о˵Ǳ߾ҽԺҽҵĹͷ֮󣬵ʱͲٸˡתԺ
ȻҾͱת˵ǸֵҽתԺȥϴѧҽԺ͸ҽԺôȥŶ
ϴȥסԺҲǹǿƣ죬û˰򡣼ֱǮҲȥҲܰҸá
ǶҽԺǮȴ̫࣡е߶š
˵ʱ򣬷ǳŵظܳ˸ơ
߮⻰˷ۡ
ҽԺΪշѻвࣿûһô
δ˵𽥵ؿʼԲ衣
ܳԣͼ˵ڵؚGȻҲҽԺǺϴѧҽԺͶҽԺĲǺܴġ
˵Ĳֻǹۣһڹ̶ѹͷ̶Ϳˡ
ͷûˣܵĺҪȥһһ
ҲĻԺҲ߲·ȶпܱס
ܳɾλֱ̫ˣҲ֪Ĳ£֪ηܳɱҪ˵ԣ˺ͼһֱ̬һСĻǺ϶ǻġ
ܳɿɲǵǣɹǣСת3cmʼɹ4cm֮䣬мʮ׵Ŀȱ
жʮף
˵ĹȱһҲһס
һڹ̶ֲǾͿˡ

ܳɼӵĹȱֲú鷳
ʹֵ˵ҽ۲ҽ취𣿡
ǲǰȻǸ
Ҳô£Ҷˣ˵ΪȫָĲûʲôġ
ҲŲȥϴѧҽԺأǱߵҽͻʿúܣ˾ˣ󣡡
ãԺڣѾٹ߰˲ˡ飿λ绹úܿҲ֪Щʲô
ܳɶʱͷ֣߮˿̿Լ۶Ǹ֮ɫ
ƺҲ֪Щʲôˣֻȥжʱſſġ
˻Щ£ϵԶԶشԼĴȣ±߮Ūۡ
һĻܳɺ߮ͰѲ˵Ÿ˳ȥ°߸ˣͲ˺һЩͨϰ
˲˵ž͵ҽǾֱ˵ɣ֪ˣϹأֻСƵģʶԣ
Ҫ֫𣿡긾ŮޱԼ΢ҵͷ
ҲΣ̯ôһûûεϹƽﵹǶȻֶ࣬Ǿǲ£ҲЦ˼ɡ
ҽԺʱҲҹ˵Ѹ㡣ҽԺʱֵҽ΢̸һ£˵Ѵ
пܾҪ֫
ֻθԼϹ֫ˣǼô죿Լһ˳ô
϶Ų𰡡
˲ôҲԱͬŮܹöЩ
ܳɾ˵Ǻܸӵ
ҸոսĻ֪עûУ
ôһȱԭĹѾˣ޷ԼĹ˵ò㣬ǾҪúܶǮܰ
ңǲ֮Ҳû취ܹеֻܹߺ۹ܡҵ˼𣿡
һǳֺõ顣ܳǰ˼˸Ԥ롣
ôˣý˻ȻĻǾ治֪ôͨˣ
ƤЦţܾҽɣɲſ¡
ǴҪǮ긾ŮʳΪĵ⡣
Ҫ֫Ļһֲָܻܵı֫Ļٵʮǡ
ɲһСĿҾҪǮǰϸؽ˲֪š
յľֵиʵ
ֲǲϺܹģͨˣֲôһ㣬һ࣡ܳһ˵ţһ˸
һСȱ
˹ͬǵֲϣж󣿼ǧһۣĹȱ𣬲һôô
ܳ˵һ޶ֵֺܺ
ջõһܺõĽ
üʮ򣿡仰̾Ͱ긾Ůŵˣ
˺üͬһؿǽڡ
¶֮ɫôǮ
ܳɼ״ֻǵȻôƵĻ㻹ǿǲ鷿ʱپһϼҽʦɣҲб˵Ʒ
ܳɲѻ˵ʮţԶȥһҪһġ
ֻǣȱ˵ĹͷҪֲĻĲͨ˵ļͥܳܵġ
ǹǰҲҪܶѹǼֻܸţֻۺߵĹܣû
ǿԼֹ̫ˣܳɶԸ˵ô࣡
ֻϣܹ׼˵ҲȥһԼϹ衣
֫ˡ
ǧˣǣȫʧȥһȡ
װ˼֫ҹҲѡ
֫Ѵ󣬺һá
һһ˸
˺ͼû취ʶԵĻǺ϶ᷢ÷ҽƾס
һУ׸ô㣬ջҪ̶鷿ʱᡣ
Լֻȹһͷ
긾Ůص߻˲ûܳɺ߮л

ߵ;У߮ͻȻʣܳɸ磬ΪʲôֱӺͲ̸֫飿Ĺȱʲô
ôһȱŪĹ֧ﰡ
ܳԣüͷһ塣
Լովֻȥҽ˼·ȥˣ뵽ӵйȱֲܵ״̬ˣӵĹȱ𣬿ܾͲǵǰҽѧԿǵġ
ǵģȻڹȱֲϣѾһĻ
ǣܳڵõֲļܣȴʵпġ
߮еˣһǹǿרƵˡ
ܻԼ뷨
ܳȴһʱ䲻֪ôΪã˵ʵôһ˵ҲܲܰѲ˱֫Ψһϣ
ָ⣬ò취ɣҿɲҶʲôܳ˾ͱúʵ
߮ȴǶϾȨôúƵġ
Ц׷ʣܳɸ磬Ӧûһ뷨İɣɲһ˵ˡ
ܳһ磬ǹͨúãܻ߮ҵܳɵ
ҽѧ棬
ֹУȳ߻΢·磡
ܳɱתͷ߮磬ڲ˵ǲ˵ʱҲˣȻҪȽ귿ϸİɣ
ܳҲ˵ȫԸ͸¶һԼļܣһ˵
ң˵öˣʱ߮ǸĴڣһڲ鷿ʱ򣬶Բ̶˵˼䲻˵ĻܳҪ˵Ĳˣеλûκأ
˵еΣ˭̨
ԼȥϣǳIVԽ
̶ȥϣ
̶ҲܳõĴǣҪô鲡תԺҪô˹
ΪĳIVڰҽԺһס
Ҳֵ֪Ķǧʢôģ˾Ȼ˽Ȼ󻹲飬ŵԼϡ
ãҲǣ߮Ҳ˿ʱ䣬ȷǿ콻ˣҲ͹ϵز׷ܳˡ
ֻﰵ㣬ԼҪȥĻԼѡ񡭡
ֻǣ߮粻ô룬Ǿá
Ĳˣ֫㡣
ôγĹȱܹ
ѵܳɾΪò˻Ѽʮһпõȣֻǵغÿ
׷ÿʹµĻȥװ֫Ͽӣһô
֫󣬼ǹָܻһЩ״ܹѱ֫Ǯô

һһʼϺϣһαøⰲ³Ľȫһ
һ仰û˵ʹ˲鷿ȥˡ
ֵģһǵգϺٲ귿Ϳȥҡ
˵ĸɴ̶ͺ˶е㲻̫ϰߡ
Ϻʼڿˣʵˣ⻹Ϻô
Ҳûൢʱ䣬ҵԼϵˡ
̶Цſƣһ鷿Ĳ;Уһʣƣ쿴ôӦûϰ߰ɣ
֮ǰֻϺ飬˿̶ǵԲ㡣
ƲλãֿȺˣȻڿѾȱˣǲȱ֮˭οѡĸĲأ
ƾ˵Σá
ȻþûЩˣҲС
ģֻͽˡûռúܶലλ൱ʵ
֮ǰ̶ŵˣֻҪܹõIVȨޣѹؽƵ￪͸Ŵƻûô̰ģֻͽˡ
̶Ǵ㵵ؿƣС۾һɣѾʼѲνԺˣ
ƣôе
˭ؽڵ
̶ˣָоԼڶһʣİҽԺƣ˭
ѹеزʣѾõIVȨˣô֪
̶վ˶վ
Ȼ⻰˶ƣĿ͸˲˼֮ɫ
֮ǰƣֻܿչIIIIIҲֻżûӴIVȨˡΪҽԺĿǰɽеIVͲ̶ܶ࣬رIV
ҽԺIIIIVȨߵ̣ǸְƣҽģʲôƸȨޣǸܡ
ҪIV϶Ʋҽһأûƹҽƾͻ̶绰ѯʲô
ڣ̶ȫͻ֪£;úԡ
ƾ͵ͷƽ˵ǵģΣҰ֮ǰоʱȨ˹Ȼʦߵҽƴ˸绰ҽƵ쵼ҲûΪңͨIVƸȨ
̶һƤ鴤

ԭʦϳˣǰҽԺƸȨǰҽԺϼҽԺǱ߶ͬ
ҽԺҽҪǻΪ㣬ǵԿпˡ
ò̶̫ǣ֮ǰƺû¡
ôͻȻֱĳ˸ǰõIVȨģ
Уеķò̶Լָˡ
ܳɺ߮綼¶˾㵵Ŀ⿴ƣﰵŶԭһ֡
ֻЩڶϾȨƵӰʱߴݵλһӺͲ̶ƽˡ
ƵIVô㣬̶ľôһ㡭
ûжԱȣû˺ġ
̶ǸϽ⣬ɤӣС۾һת˵ţؽڵĲˣ㿴žͺˣȥ鷿ɡ
ϽԻ˸

Ϊò̶˲鷿ĽøӿЩ
252627Ĺܴҽ򺣱ǶϾȨ
򺣱ûǰҶãʱɨһϣԣ򺣱ҲûʶԭԼֹܵĲˣ׻жѲ
2526ǳ漴ԺĲˣ̶ۻϵͷ˵úúãͻȥˡﶼǵĳԺڡ
̶ܿʹƼ27ǰ
ǹɹǹ۵Ĳˣйȱ켱Ժģû򺣱򵥵ػ㱨
̶²ˣһȡƬһʣǰЩ
򺣱ԵͷԺģͻûü
úǰ飬û⣬㰲̶򺣱Ҳû
ֻǣ̶˵꣬һԵƾ̶ʾȻ˵ȻƽƬ̶ǰһڡ
̶Ƭһ̶С۾ŵ˼֣˸ԼԼ۽ǵ⵶
۽Ƕѿˡ
Ȼһƾſڱϣѹݺݵʡ
Բۣ˭սģ
𣿡̶ֱˡ
̶Ϊƣ˿ƼֱҸ㣬ȻҪȥؽصƺôҲҪѡһЩϤİĺ͹ؽйϵ
ҲҪҸ㶵ף㲻ǹں
ƾ˵ֵ࣬ӦǶǧʢսġ
ҶûˣȻͻͲ㱨ġæ֤
ƴ˿ҲͷƤе㷢飬ĲˣսԺ
ǲԼԼ鷳ô
ôԲУ
̶ѹϺô죬ԭĿ£ΰ¡
ǧʢСʲôʱˣ
Ȼ߽˴ԣܳɵ˿ԼĿ⣬Բ˺ͼ˵ڵأ֪𣿡
˵ͷ˿ɫ˲٣ΣСҽź̸ˣһΣʶ㣬һ뵽취ġ
ϣοֻشҵȱסһĺõġп϶ǱԼŽʲôˣ˴˿˵Ҳûô֣֣
̶æأб֫ԸĻҽתԺȥϴѧҽԺĻǿǽ֫ɣ
ȱ̫ˣ
̶бⳬ̶ãϴѧҽԺ᲻нڸδأ
⻰оͼˣGҽǹô
ҪתԺȥϴѧҽԺ
ҾǲôԶġ
ǸҽҲתԺҲͬ⣬ҾҽԺGΪʲôҪתȥϴѧҽԺ
ϴѧҽԺʲôˡȥȥһŹؽڣ࣬󡣡
ǲȥˡһµҡͷ
ͨļͥôǮҲһСǮˣҧܹó
ԼֻĦУжǮأ
̶һʽصɲǵǮ鰡
ǣôһͷû˵Ļ׸ô鷳
ҲֻһΣǸ˵ȱֻ5cmʱ02꣬ʮ򡣡
ǿʮ򰡡
20cmϣ
Ҫ֫ĻҲúüʮˡǶ˾̫Ǯδ˸ı֫ҵ˼ô
֫ԸǿҵĻǱߡ
Ӷʱ̶Ļŵˣ⣿
ҪôǮ𣿡ǲԼҪ֫ģײһô
ûʲô⣬Ҳû£͹ͷ˺Ͳ˶ѣٹ̶ͺ˰
̶ɲֻǵֻǮ⣬Ҫôܲ⡣
ҷǽ㣬ȥϴѧҽԺħȥĺǱߵĴ϶Щ
̶Ҳ֣һֹ۵ľ񡣾ֻǮô
ΪǮܽô
ôεĹȱ𣬲̶ȫòǣĲڴƵѧϣʱпЩȱʮѾǼˣ
ôĹȱ𣬹ЩڲŻ˼Żúս԰ɣ
˸Ӽˣҽø취ôǮȥħ;Ŷ
һҪٸ취


һʮ һ
˫ֱȭšһֺĽ
̶ȻҲæ΢ԥƬ̺󣬻ֻε
Ĳ취飬㻹Ǻúúţ˶һúɡ
Ҫô֫Ҫô֫תԺ
֫Ļûεġ
ҽԺ崴ʱҽҲ̸ˡ
̶˵תҪߣȻǲ̯ˮ
ɲò̶ߣӴҽΣȱߣ
ٿҰ취ҽôǮȥħ
ɲ̶ٲȻѾ˿ˡ

˲̶û˼ȥ鷿ֱ˵ƣȴ˲鷿ȥ绰
MLGBġ
ͱ˴ֿڡ
˲̶˼ʹܳɼˡ
̶һΰ칫ңһ߾ʹ绰˶ǧʢ
֮ͨͷؾǧʢԿǲвôεĹȱҲգ
վˣ㻹
ǲҪң̶һӶûǧʢֱӿڡ
ӵ绰һѲػʿ̶Ϳڣŵ־һ£
ȻˣߵǧʢԱߣԸǧʢֻ
ǧʢ˿Ƥһһ˵ΣҸ˺ͼˣתԺǾǲתԺ
ҪҪסԺûоܾҪסԺƵȨҲչ涨£Ѳ˸սˡ
Լϰǧʢеģ̶ʡ
ǧʢͣĲˣпմҲֻܰѲսˡ
̶ɲЩԶǧʢҳеûģˣԼյģϺԼ
ҪҸƨɣû𣿡
ǧʢæΣӵİͺĲˣ
пմλתҲ죬ⰴտβ˵Ĺء
մ
ΣǼζġŪĻⲻֻصԭһ𣿡ǧʢ˿ĭ
ʵҲԼҲ˲ߣô죿
ò̶пմǿ¶¹ء
ȻֵĶϣû˵Ҳֻϵù
ϺʾѲػʿѵ绰˹ȥ˵̶һģ㲻ܹҶǧʢ鷳ֵʱҲǷ˲˵ġ
֪ǺѴ򷢳ԺתԺ̸֫
ǿж£òԼѡҲǿǷҪ
죬ǧʢֵҽѲ˵ǰĳѪûֻ˸ĵͼƬҲûաûǱȥš
Ϻ⻰ĶǧʢͲ̸ʲôҪƨɣԲɡ
̶ֹҶ˵绰ģһ˶סһҵĲתʣTMƵġ
ͷϳǰɣʲô߰㶼ͷ϶
̶죬ʱϺһڣ
תʣһָ꣬ʵҲƽסԺʱ䣬ҽԺÿҶ˱׼˱׼ҪǮ
ǰǶƵƽסԺգǳ׼ģϸ£Ȼ͵ƽ£ļЧÿ˶2000
ȫǿ̶Ǳġ

绰̶һȻﻹǲѾסˣҪ취⡣
˴εĹȱ𣬰ҽԺˣȫܴҽԺܶࡣ
Сʱ󣬲̶ذѲ˵Žΰ칫̸
˵ţž͸̶˵ûΣҪһ취Ϲʮ꣬ҲũģûʲôǮ
ɲȥЩҽԺҲ֫ٶ취ɣ
ǻӣڶУҼˣɲܵ°̶ˡ
Ҳ޴ˡ
̶˿ЦǰĸŮϵؿ˵û취
ʲô취أ
㿴飬ǶɣǲΪô
еôеĻȥ취Ǯ㲻ҪΪǰ
˵ľã̶˿ﶼû׼㲻ȥ취Ǯֻ֫Ҫ취ʲô취ȱ˵ǿͷҪ
긾Ůʱ֧֧ΣǸͿϹҲ˭ײ
ҽԺǴҽԺΣ϶а취;ȾϹɣ
ȫҶĺõġ
̶侲̧Ҹ߽ζûãΨһܹǱ֫İ취תԺȥ߼ҽԺӦа취ǵˮƽޡ
Ҫ֫
Ҹ˵Ѿ㽲ˣҪôתԺҪô֫
ˣ˵ףʲô鶼ûڳԺֻҪһٿǮʡһһ㡣
뱣֫ĻģתԺɣû

ж£֧ļӣ̶ɲٶ˵ʲô
긾ŮϾͿ޳ˣŲ̶Σ㲻ô鰡ּۻ۵ģһҪһ취
һӣСǻðæһȫİ취УΣ㲻ܲܰ
ҽԺȥ𰡡
Ȼʶԣûôء
Բ𣡡̶ȻܹϵرǸ
ˣյľҪ˷ʱˣûõģû취̶̯˫֣ǽұҲû취
ҾǸˣҲɡ
ҽԺˮƽͽڴˣΪҲûãֻϹԽԽ⡣
˵ţ̶Ů˾ҪˣϺֹ򰡣ҪĻһҲ˵ˣΪ
Ůһѱһᣬ˫ĿͨضԲ̶˵ΣûôǮҿ϶취ȥǮȸϹԺ󻹸㣬òð
һҪϹȸס
˵ΣûǮҸô찡ô찡
̶ʵѾ˴𰸣ҪôǮתԺҪô֫
Ȼܵ
κδԺ봦ѹˡٵȥٷѪ˨ʱ˸ûˣǻЩ
侲һ£Ҫ취Уûõģ
ô飬Ѿˣû취ת
ҲõƷҲܰװ˷Ǯ
ûǮҲûǮûǮȥҲòеҪô쿩̶Ҳֻεض˵ţ۶ǣͷŹҰɣ㣡
˿̣Ƶ˶ڰ칫⣬һԲ
ǲΣҲε鷳¼ҽҲκΰ취ҲҲ취ʱ򣬲˾ֻΪǴ˰
Ρ
긾Ůú뿪ΰ칫ң߻˲ͷ˼
⻭ȻΪᣬҲΡ
òװѲ˴ߣ̶ܻǲ̫ģְ߮ȥ˰칫ҡ
Ρ߮Բ̶ġ
߮簡ʦڣйִιȱľ𣿡ǾȥϴѧҽԺҽҩ̫Բ̶ܲܰѶҽԺȻ취ǽʡ㡣
߮ԣƤ˲һæ˵Σǹɹ¶Σ15cmµĹȱǻһ㣬һϥؽûͺˡ
ɹ϶εĹȱλǴת·Զ̫ˣ
ҹȫûˡװ˽ϥûҲû취
߮ҲΡ
ˣش˴ι۱֫ıָ֫Ѱúܡ
ȻԸ̶֧ܣȻĤֲУôȱʹô
ǰˣ
ʵϸҲõġ
̶̾һҲû취ôҪ֫ĻǾ͵ħ߾ˡ
̶ô˵ţɨһ߮磬ã߮϶˵ñ˵ģֻǲԸΪ鷳Ҳ϶а취ģֻûգԲóȻĲˡ

ֻǣ̶ں߮˻ΪŰ취ʱ򣬺ȻžƷˣҵ˲̶İ칫ҡ
˲̶߮ضԻ
Ȼʣãҽжɣ̾ӵġ27ҽ𣿡
̶æ߮Ļվͷǡ27Ĳˣġ
ǣ
̶Ƥţʱһֲ̫ĸо
27Ѿͷ۵ˣô̾Ӹˣ
߮վߣŲ̶߮磬ﰵ⣬Īǲȥӱ߿ڣǲЬˣԱ׷˿
һˣΪ׵óԼľƣ̶ٴαݺ󣬵ģΣ̾ӵģӵ˱˵Ǳص·Сʧ
·ҼأֺֻǽһС·ûءǾͽɽңȻһط£ҵʬ壡
ڲʱ䣬ǲ˽ɽ·ڣͷֻ֣Ħгɽ
˵ʱ򣬲̶߮˵ͷƤʱһ顣
̶ȻʣСײˣûȹ𣿡
һСǱײô⣬ĻǾŶ
Ա˱۾Ҳȶ˴ӵ󣬲˵Сûбײڻ˵
ǷСʱ򣬾ѾûݷҽСʬĲ֤жӦʧѪ࣬жദۡ
ȫˣҲжۻˣ
пǲСˤɽܵˣҲųˤɽ֮ǰˡĿǰں˶ָơ
ĿǰΨһ˾סҽԺͬȥʹˣʸڷϿС
ڵҲȷҪƣҲֱӰȥʡ
ʵľǣΣڵĲǲǺأŻжòܹԺɲû˵СײģѾָһ㡣
̶ڵ϶ҪģԽ촦Խá
ֻǱȽ鷳ľǣҪ֫ҽԺ֫Ƕ鲡˺ͼתԺʱ
־ϴѧҽԺҽҩ̫󣬲תԺ;취
һֱôŵĻͲ˵ʲôʱԳԺˡ̶ԼѴˡ
ԣüͷһ壺ڵȽϿƷûУҪʱضѶźý᰸
̶ֻΪ˱Ļһ֫˼ͿԳԺ
˺ͼ̬Ⱥȷǲͬ֫
٣ֻҽҲܹȥת˺ͼĸԸԣҲ̫øһ׼ȷĴ𰸡̶ûвҼ̫ĸ档
˵ʱ򣬲̶Ѿˣư˾ǹģҪڰҽԺˣֻѡ֫ѡԸ챣Ľ֫Ϊʱ䡣
Ȼ֪ʱʲôã϶Ŀڵġ
ԣüͷݺһ壬ԿǡȻ߮һۣ߮ܶµضԲ̶˵Σȳȥ˰
֪߮ɿǲĻʵϣϾǹµˡ
߮ߺ󣬶ɲŰѱһǣԲ̶˵Σǲ鿱ֳʱ򣬲ֳ
һСʬ崦ڶĦгˤǷֶϹǴ
Сʬ崦ڶֳֳԶʬλãûзرԵѪ
ĦгˤǷѪ͹
ЩֳڿȻ޹ϵײСҲû취ʬڹͷѵŲôԶ
ϾǻҪ㣬ܲࡣ
ڵˣôǲýȥ϶󲻳ʲôϣܹһ£ս˸κá
߷ѵģͬ֫ȻþǰѰɵ
̶С۾һȻ촽Զɻص٣ǲԸǰǲڵô
رļǵһʱļʱ˵ļڳ£ǿҽԺֵյؽн֫ס
ɻ֮ǰҽԺΪ֫ǺͲѾͨ˺ܶˡ˺ͼ̬ʮּĻû취ġ
֪ͬȨ˭˭
ǲɷ̷ҽԺһݶǲˣΪ˾֪ͬȨ
ͬ⣬ԼҲΥ˺ͼԸ
Ȼһһ׼
Ȱ˵֫ѹ̶ôܣ
ţ̶ʣ٣˵ʵΪȶģ崴£ǲܰȥѶȻٴȥҽԺ𣿡
̶ϣɿ԰˸ѶȻתתˣӲ磬Ĳˡ
ҡҡͷ̷ȨֻˣûôصˣǵķҽҲˣǱҪƵģȨ
ԣûȫΣ֮ǰǶýת˵طģҽԺ飬ҲܾģҲƷá
ҲһΪ֮ɫ
ʱ򣬶ɵֻ
绰һͷֻ˵˼֣СϣָƣСԺѲ˸ϵ
ɣǱߵôҪÿԳԺ
ҲͰߵ˵һ¡
ͳĬˡ
̶ҲųĬ
һѭ
Ҫ֫ҪתԺƣ˺ͼҧûǮ
֫˲ɡ
һֱôţ˭֪Ҫϵʲôʱȥ
ɹҶϵ绰һñӣԲ̶˵ΣĿǰѾ϶ܺߵأǻҪȥѶ
Ļܸܲһķ䣬ʡ
Ȼܴȥ󣬵ȻѾ֤ʵˣôҽԺӰȫҪġ
̶ͷ١ѣǻʿһ£λǹǹܵġ

ɴȥ֮󣬲̶һʱͰԼϵˣ򺣱֮⣬Լΰ칫ҡ
˻վ֮󣬲̶֣˵쿪Сᣬκ뷨ֱ˵
ǿҪݣ27ĲƷ˵Ʒ֮ǰǻҪ֪һ顣
ǣ̶ͰѶɸתһ顣
˲̶ĻƼ˶ʱоƺܳɵˣ߬ȭͷ
ƸֱԣţԾΪҽԺⱻȥѶŲתԺҲͬ֫İɣ
½֮֫Ļ㣬Ϊʱ䣡
ҲͬƵĹ۵㣬Ƶͬʱ˵ͷ
̶һ˵ֻҽסҽԺֻһ˵ء
ϵǲȥǵġҲܹʲôɫ۾ȥġ
ܽһڵѵɣһ˺ͼǿҵı֫Ը
ڶ˺ͼûʲôǮ
˺ͼתԺ
⼸ѵģҶһ룬ʲô취һһؽнȻò㿪ĵسԺҪǵġ
̶Сᶨޱ顣
ƣûпǵߵϵûɫ۾˸ͽȥ
̶˼һ˲Ͷˡ
΢ӣ˵Σʵɣ˺ͼǿұ֫Ը飬ҲԸתԺ£Ҳѽǿ԰̨Ĵιȱǽѧһ뵥ȥħǱߡ
ŻиȤĽڹģҪͱҪĻҿҵʦϵ
̶ºü꣬Ȼһʱ˲̶˼ҲǲֱӾԼĵơ
ҲΪһҽߵġ
㲡Ϊּò˺תԺΪĿꡣ
ǺԺ
ƽüͷһ壺Ƿõ飬Ƚ鷳˵㣬ôʡҲܵöʮˡ
ΣɲһĹϵȥе˾̸һ̸ȥ棬֧һ㣬ܲܰѲϵļ۸Ū¡
ֻǣûʱȨͽʦȥе˾̸ȥòļһ£˵ܿܰҽƷøˡ
ȻϾͿԽʱ仹ܸ㣡
̶תͷȨ˵ǿǼʮôô룿
ܴһһ㰡˺ͼԼҲҪæ취ģϾΪǺð
ȻҾȥﲡ˵ļȥˮγȨëԼ
ǰ룬ʦǮܹͽȥеǡԩͷ
ݡ
ײ˻ʬ˵˻ûˤġ
˵꣬Ȩ̲ס˵ʦʦҾһھȥһ²˺ͼɣǶյãҲþû׼
ֲȨֱ˵ĽɷѵǮ취
̶ȻȨʽ̫ףȨҲﲻæֵȥɡ
Ȩ𼱻ǵ뿪칫ҵıӰ߮ͶϾ˶ǶһۣӶԷУƺһĲˣȽȽ
Ȩ뿪
һֱڿû̫ڸе߮˵ΣͲ˺ͼǰ̸ʱǻȫķձȽϸߵĻ˵ߵտԾؽ͡
ĿǰΪȫķʽ
бҪĻҿϵ˸޳װһȫž˾Ѫ˨Ӧգļ໤ҿ԰ҽԺƵؽΪ̵ļ⡣
ͬģ˻֬˨Ļǿͬʱнвʳ໤ʱڵ֬Сʱ׼Ѫ֬˨ļȡ
̶Ƶ⻰ʱ߮תͷȥ˫ŵĽֺݺץء
ĿɿڴͬʱİЦ
ĺݰֱӰѲ˵·˿
˿ֻҪǮһλ绰ܲҪ֫Ǳ֫Ͼܽ˿
µľѪ⵼µѾˣž˾Ѫ˨Ŀԣ˨ӹҲѻѪȥ
֬˨Ҳм໤໤ֱ˶ƽڣΪôû̫֢Ĳˣ
ⲻĵذͽȥô
̶һҲû߮ôţֻ˵Ǿ߮簲һˣһҾͺܺȥͲ˺ͼ̸ˡ
ƣ㻹𣿡
ҡͷ
Ѿ׼ôˣﻹҪ
̶Ҫ˵Ǿ׼ɣȻܳɾ;˵ʦע⵽˵ϣ໹Ǯ
ǮȻ࣬üʮ򣬲ûԶҾãǿôȥܻȽʡһ㡣
Ҳ֪Բ԰
㿴ǼһǴٹǶΣȻ̶֧ܣѹɹǵԶ˷ֱֹǺĹǹ̶ȻȡĹֲټṹֲеĹ̶֧ܡ
ǵЩأʵûѺܶĹֲϣϾ߲
ЩǲԼܹȡĲϣǰѹ͵ޣǮӦþҲõȳǮ̨ܿ
УǷλȻͬǵֲǡ
Բۣ
ֱ
˺Եİ
һѲ˵ֱˣˣ
Ȼ˵ǲǳعǣǲͬ⣿
ܳ⻰Ȼݣȷŷ
ͬҲܴ󣬾èB
̶˶Ĭˡ
󣬲̶ֻһ䣺ǽ˭
ܳɿ˲̶ʦʦһڶ֣ʱҲܾõϡ
ңʦҾˣԹܰɣͲ鷳򺣱ˣ̸ĻҾǿһȥҲ˺ͼ̸

С˲һʮֹнˡ
Ҹ̥ҲûʶԷҪôͺñܳûȥ߮絽Ҫôȥô߮Ͳ̶ҲûܳɵҪôֲˡ
ľǲ̶

ڲ̶˻ʱ
ȨЭļĳƻŪˣΪΪ֣˴Ӻ̨ͨ˳ƻ
ȻԱܿ͸ϵҽԺźȿǵĲϣȻãˮγϷĳƻĿǰѾԲˡ
ƽ̨ȡһķѺ󣬽ֱҽԺϵתҽԺ˺ϣΪβеķá
Աʮ飬ǵĳƽ̨Ȼûѣзѣһʵĳ٣ôɣû뵽ģԳ񡭡
Աȡ֤ϱǾûĵġ
ûǮûǮֻǡ
˿ؾͰǮˣ
תԺƵ飬ǾҪˣ
ϱԿһۣȻʣǵĳʲôʱܰǮֱӸ𣿡
Ǯô׬
ԱʾԲƽ̨һֵǣƽ̨Ϊ˲˿ǶеĿβãֱҽԺԽӣֱӽ˵ġ
̼ˣǱ˾ǵǮΪʲôǣֱӽҽԺ
Ա˵ܱǸƽ̨Ĺ涨нƷãж࣬ǻԭ·˻ĺġֱֽԼ
ӲԵĹ涨ǶԴ˳ƻûʵĻԵ
ֲһԱʾǮվͻֱӽĴλ
е㲻̫ĵؼʣһܼ㲻˵Ҳ˵˿϶Ҳ֪
磬ǮֱӸңҷָ㼸ⲻ˫Ӯ𣿡
Աǳ鴤˲Ű
ƽ̨ȻҪǮɲǮ£ҲԲֵܹġ
Ȼҡͷǹ涨
˵ҪתԺô죿תҽԺЩǮҪ˻
˼ܶ
Ա͵ȷʵתԺתԺȫĻƽ̨ᰲŰҽԺҪתԺҽԺ֮жԽӣƽ̨ﲿжԽӵġ
õģＯƿררãһǮõġ
ʲôƹƨ涨š



һʮ ҽ
ˮγĹԱ˲
ӣסĵıƢûعˣĻȴĲֹǲƿգԵ
ˮγֳＯƿƽ̨Ȼ˵ȡһķѣǱϻʵʵذ˲˵ġرƶĲˡ
ԣҲûаֻǾøơ
뿪˲˼䡣
ڲǼԼš
ţ˵ǵ׸ôܰʮóԼﰡЩǮǳģЩӣֹ
ǵСʱǧҪ¡
Ҹ罻ģȫˣҪǮ
ŹԹԵر졣
Ž˵˲ԱҲûˣŸôĻԱߵ˶ôˡ
ѱĶ£ɲʲô˶ܿùߵġ
ָŮǽüͷ˵ϹֻǮˣǺô죿һҽҪתԺǾͲûǮд˰
˵Ҳ֪绰Ҵ˸翩

һ׼
̶ܳɰѲ˵ҽΰ칫ҡ
ܳһ߸ţһ߿ʼǩֵļҪԺ̸¼ǰ̸ۼ¼֪ͬ顢ѪƷ֪ͬȡ
Ϊ˱֤Чʣ˶ˣ̶³벡˵
ãŰ
ġϺȷ֫ˡɹǴιȱ崴󡣡
ָҲԣҪؽн֫֫֫Ҳǣ֫崴ǴٹǶ˰ˣ̶̶֧֫ȡֲ
鰡רΪһϵǰۣϹڵϣѾǳȷоԵָ
˱ҪԤԽԽãΪ˸˵ԼӦķպͲ֢ġ
⻰΢긾Ůʱ۾˵ΰͿǰɣǲ֫ǻӣ֫Ļ
̶ԣͷ֪ǲ̸֫Ǳ֫
֫ҪľǱ֫רϹôһǵɡ
˵ŵʱ΢΢һţֹ˿
ո˵ǣҽԺ˱֫ǾȡתԺʵϲסˣǾתԺ˵Ȼ¡
ƺԼĸ˵е㲻һ
ָŮ΢׼ģ˵ΣҪǮǿûôǮҳ˺ܾãų򡣡
ԥ˺ܾã˵һò̶˲֣ܽܵ
ûǮܷܲİɣ
ǰʮѾ㣬ʲôʱȡ˵
̶ͷ̹ȻЦ˵û¡
ˣǵԤ㣬ֻҪ࣬ΪǵȡǣȻ̶֧ܵĻҲǺܹԷõõġ
ͷſİɣҸոտɵסԺãѾ㹻ˡ̶ϸúܵλֱӾͰĻסˡ
Ҫĵ飬ôС
̶ôһ˵꣬긾Ůʱɵˡ
һ֣ʱò̶ƶˣϹ϶һֱϷ
ԾΪ˿ʱ䡣
ָŮʣ֫ķո߲߰һҪҹźúһ£ҵĲǣϾһ̨ҲúܸϹ
ǲǻ˰
ŸϽ˸ڡ
̶̵ǶǹˡΪ˱֤еȫϴѧҽԺƵΣרΪϹļ໤
ͬʱΪϹҲרѡѶߣȫõƤ񾭷֧ҩֻھֲЧӰ쵽Ѫܹܡ
ͬʱǿǵ˿Ѫ˨Ѫ˨գǻһѪžѪ˨صͷ­Ŀԡ
Ƚãǲշѵİе˾ľԺҪлĻöлле˾
Ȼأǵ֬˨ĿԣǻУŲʳڵֱ֬Ƿֱϴ֬ʱǻʱ׼ȡ˨
һЩյĻ̶׼һЩ˵ϣܻķգȫһһΪҵ˽
ЩԤ֮ԲвʹãΪ£ܺ÷ÿ˶ĻǶԲ˵ĻѾ̫ˡ
ͺñȣһˣֻһ˷⣬ȴÿ˶ԤĻôԴ˷ѣ
˶Ǯġ
ȻһЩ̶϶û취ġ̶̸ˡ
Ȼ˵͵ˣںŵؽܱβ׵նҪһЩҲѾ֪ͨңͬĻСʱǰ׼ǰܰż
˳Ļߵ֮ǰͿԳҡ
Ȼ׼̨ĿҲ죬ڳԺԺֻҪṩĿѵƻȻڸ飬֫ʮֿڴģ̶ʮذˡ
긾Ů̶ô˵ʱʼ޴
ֵϣתͣţǣǣϹ
̶ڳɣѱһţ˵Ѿеǵˣʲôɵˣ
ϹٵգСٵķգСնû취ܵĻôҽֱӳԺɣκεطû취Ƶġ
˵⣬̶ɫԽУָܻþԽãٶӵÿһʱ䣬Ƕ̶ָܻȵĵ󣡡
ⶼ˷Լʱ䰡
ָŮԣ˲ҲҲκεдˡ
ɫ͵ش俴˲̶˵Σ֮ǰ˵û취𣿡
ôа취ˣôʵʱӻڲͣת
ǹҪǲΪ׬ǮǲǹϹ̨ϣ
ҪתԺһƻ
˵ЩָŮʱ̫ˣҲԸܣҲҪתԺ
Ҳͬ⣬
̶ָŮ⻰ϵõģԡ
תԺȨôתȥļҽԺϴѧĸҽԺɳڵҽԺǶѾ˶Խӡ
ֻҪ˵һϿתԺҶҽԺҲһʱΪϹΪƵġ̶̰תԺ뵥˳ָֻŮ˵
ʮ׼
ָŮڳɣ̶ǿҪϹתȥħ;ĻҲ԰æϵ
ֻǾ̫Զ;Ƿвǲұ֤ġǣǿҽеɳڵκһҽԺ
긾Ůɫ䣬ƺѾ֪ˣ̶ǿԼϹ⡣
ָŲ̶ıӾƿڴΣʲô˼
ҪΪʲôҪôôʲôô
̶ɫ˵ҲǱֻǣΪǿǣΪ׼Ϊȫİźͼƻ̶ȵعпܷķա
ҶΪϹð
ЩЩָЩԺѵϹЩԺô̶˵ɫ΢΢仯
ָŮվָŲ̶㣡
ȻٿƵˣһһָ˹ȥ
㣬㣬ǡ
ǣǣ
ҽǻβ˵ҽ𣿡
ֻΪ˱ϹȥɣΪʲôôΪʲôҪôʲôô
̶ƽŮʿ侲һ£Դ̫ˣǲҵ
ֻΪ˾ϹסϹȶѣûκ뷨
ҪĻʲô취ͺˡǷķ׼ôΪϹǵĻǿǷҪɣ
Ѿһе׼
긾ŮȻǲ̶ĽͣǶǺöǶǺö
ָ꣬Ų̶ıӣٴƿڴ
֮ǰô㣬㶼˵ܣβˣھʲôˣ
ĹΣɱ˲գۣ㻹ʲôʸһҽ
ҲͬҲͬǸϹǵǺڵģǾΪɱ
ΪʲôҪɱˣ
㣿
ǳ˲¹ͷɱˡ
̶һڣȻúܷ̣ҲֻӲƤͷԲͬҲѡҽԺƣҲͬתԺⶼɣҪѡ񡣡
ҪתԺȥǸ㰲ŶԽӡ
ָŮǲԽӣǿ¶˰ɣȥﶼһɣ
ǣҽ
ʲôʸһҽˣ㲻جԻٹⱨӦ
ҾܾҲͬϹҲͬ⣬˭С
ָŮŸճɵ˾ʹΰ칫ҵ棬˳ȷҪܾôǼԼȷܾһƵĻôǾֱӰȥѶˡ
ҲѾҵ˹ؼ֤ݡ
ȻָŮ㿴ɣ䵱һҽҲͬҽͲΪϹǡ
ҲҪץûҽ£ûģǸĹεĶ
ҪҽҽԺҪ»ҽԺ
ɱ֣ǲҽҪɱ˰
˰ҽɱˡʼš

ʱ򣬿ɲôѡˣ
ֱӰҲץ漰֪鲻ߣΪͬﴦ
ȥʣֻҪܹ
ƣҲʲô
ָŮΪӣֱϵȨʲôҲȨˡֻ֮ԼǷҪˡ
ȻҲȨίˡ
ĸĸֵָܻˡ
磬ɾϵĸĸ岮Ϊĺӻû꣬ûΪֻĸĸֵ֤
ԼǲԸģϾ͵ýȥҪɱͷ
κȨڲһҧǲͬͬ⡣
ҪƣˣҪƣ˭Ҳץ
ǣɡ
ΪԼֻҪͬͺˡ
̶óһݾܾƵͬ顣
֪ͬ飬ֱǾܾƵͬ顣
ͬǾܾƣҪѡһģ
֪ͬȨǷɸǵȨ
Ȼѡ
ŭҲѡҲܾƣ
ҾܾƣҲ±š
ҪҲɡ
ҲԼĸĸֵܴô˵
ĸĸû˵Ķ磬޶ȴûɵüͷԲ̶˵Ǹҽ㿴ֵڵ״̬ܲȶҪƵ飬Ժ˵
ͺѲˣ˲ܾƣܾҽƽ飡
ǩѾȫ׼£Ȼ
ҲתԺֻš
ȻŵʵɵҲһԣ
⻹Ҫĳ
̶ʹֵĵ绰ԺԴ˹һļ֤
һоҽԺֵ࣬˼֤Ǿ͸ɲܾˣˣ
ҽԺ˺ܿˡ
̶ƵһѾ˵ˣԣĸĸֵܻλĴǰɣ
Ǹˣų֮һֱû˵
˿̶ôʣŵ˵ͷδ˵ƺһж޹һ㡣
̶ͼȻߣоֵĶ٣ҽԺֵ࣬ΣҲֳЩ˶֤
ľ״̬Ҳġ
ٴεȷ㣬ǳ⣬ǾԵָԽԽá
Ļ㽫ٻַաĲ飬ǱҪԤһ߱֫ϣġ
һΣա
ڶԺ֫мķա
ˣĲ飬ҽԺǰڸĽһתԺơ
ڶͬԺб֫ơ
ֽ飬Ƿ񶼾ܾѾеĺԸеܾƺƵк̶˫ۿɫ糣ϲŭ
֮УǿƶҽͲ̶һڡ
ԣ̿ʼˡװ˵֪Ҳ˵֪
һҪҽԺҲκƣֻΪ˱ڵĲм״̬
ǲԺҲܾƣֻΪҪơ
ҪҲԸ⣬Ҿôš
ǾͲǲ̶Դˣ
Ȼ̶û취û˿Դ
̶ҽԺֵ˵ΣҲˣȫϣҽĻ޶ãҲظ
£ҽҲûκΰ취ģ鷢仯ĿԣҲΪģԼܾҽΪҽԱ䲡и棡
̶⻰ͺǴ̼ĸĸһתͷͶԲ̶ҽôôأ
ҶסԺҽҪúõĸƣô˵ҲΪأ
ҽ˵Ļ𣿡
һҽ𣿡
̶תͷʣƣͬתԺпܻΣա
ô죿ͬ£ǿɣ
ǴҶǳˣ˾͸ΪԼΪѡεġ
ѾѸ˵Ķ˵ˣ˺ͼѡƷȨǷɸǵȨ
ÿ˶ѡԼǷҪŵȨ޷档̶ѻ˵ø
⻰һǰַŽ˿㶵Ȼӿ㶵һ¼ʸ˳˱
ЦŶԲ̶ΣոսЩǳеǳʡ
ǵģǴҶǳˣ˾͸ΪԼΪѡεġոյۣǳã÷ʲôĻȫɻ˼Ӻ
˵꣬Цſ˲̶ΣһᣬҽԡĴ˸硣
̶״ɫһ䣺ѸոյĻ¼
ǵġԵҲӣ˵Ҫǲ̫ͱˣҲű²ߵġ
ǣģҲЩ¼ʲôΥ֮£ֻǻһʲô£Ϊǽҽƾװе֤ʱöѡ
ûзʲôĻұ֤÷Ժһ죬¼ɾ
ֻǣԵĻûꡣ
̶Աߵɭ㿪˵ˡ
Բ̶˵õģΣҲѾ˽⵽ǿˡһü¼ġ
ǾʽҲ̫ףڵĴ˼Ӧþǣ߲ƣͿΣգƣҲǱмΨһʽơ
ǲ˶ǿҽеЧƷʽͬ⣬ܾơ
ӦӰɣֵרҵҽѧרҵǹ࣬㲻ܽΪ١
Կ˿ɭɫ΢
ҽԺҲҽԺķģУֵܹӵְȨǺܴģΪʦ˽⵽ľǣֵԴҽԺڲΣ£δǰʱҽԺҽӵȨͼȨ
ַ˻ߵ֪ͬȨҽԺĲнա
ǰҪֹܵҲҽƾ׵İӣȻˣ϶кܶ©֮
˿ɭô˵һֲ̫ĸо
Ϊ˸Լ÷Ӹʱ䣬ǴϵҽӦ֪÷ָġһ㣬ҽԺԴ
ֻҪԺָҽԺû취ò˳ԺΥ
ֻҪԺָôǾ֣Ҳû취ߵģкܳһʱ仺ڣʱҳһЩϸڳ
ʱҪģ˵ٴ
̶ɫʱһڡ
ǵģΡ̶ûԵĻǻɭ
ֿ˻ߵĸĸ˵һ仰Ǌ֚ĿǰǼʱܹסȣٳɵĻôҲˡ
ʱ䲻ˣǲڱھ
ҽֻܹн飬ҪѡǷҽĽ飬Ǽ顣ǲܱǽƣҲͬѡ񣡡
ǵĻһѡƵġٻвһĻᣬôţϳվʲôûˣʱ׷ҵʲôΣκ˶޷
ǣķ⣬ôģ֮⣬Լԥǵĳɣǰס̶ѻ˵󣬱㲻ٶˡ
ɭҲû˵ʲôֻǰؽһԭؼ¼ڰ
գĸĸδǩ֪ͬ飬ĴӣȻν¼
̶Żصΰ칫һûá
ĸĸͺӾ;ȻϻҽԺͬʱҽ칫Բ̶Ҫ˵ΣͬҪ
ϹûˣϹûˣҪ
Ϲɣ
̶˵ʯ
⣿
飬ôˣһȻֱӾͬ
˺ͼȻѾѡĻô̶ҲֻӲ˺ͼ
Ȼ󣬶ɵ˴绰֪ԭǺӵģĿǰѾץˣѾɡ
ò̶Ϊеˡ

ôأ
ֻܿʼ˰һаͰؽУȻ󣬲̶ƵҽҪʼ׼ңҲʼܹĵؿʼŰѲ˽ӽҡ
Ȼ֮ǰŵĻҲҪӲͷƤȥġ
˵ΪɷҪͽȥԲôలţˣǾͲ븶ôˡ
Ȼô룬²ô

ͽҺ棬ŲŰԼĶŮȻһһſΪš
ССʱԽԽԾԼ飺飬ô֪ɵģ
ҿɱ˷˰ˡץ˽ȥһǾֳҷųͻҽԺġ
磬㲻֪˺Ϳúܣʱôһţͻ겻ˣҲ㲻ʲôϡͿΪԼɱˡ
˭ҪˮĻһһ׼ЦŻصֵϣǿĺҸ
ԼϹɱ˷ˣƲôǮˣǰʮҲϣȻǸϽư
ǿһ졣
ĶӺŮʮֽץס֣·ΪԼĸš
⻰Եɫһ䣬ɫֳ˺֮ɫܾǲʲôΡ
ǣԷӦʱ򣬼ҽ;ȻѾǵҽԺͣ׼λˡ

ͬʱ뿪ҽԺ֮
̶Щ޾ţееû̫¡
̶ӵһעΪĵ绰ʱƲźȻԲ̶˵ΣΣˣֳһֶӣǰʱˣСǸ֫Ĳˣڹܵġ
ֳΪΨһļܾܿ͸ûȥΪǹǶơ
ǻȥˣǲֳšʵ͸ûνľֳ˲ŵ顣
̶Žͨ绰ʹһΣǲ㲻ʶңȻҪ˵Ҫ顣
һ£Ҫлл㣬ллҽǵֶӡ
ڶ£Ұ㣬һҪȫذãȻתҽԺڽкƣ˳֣Բң⡣
ֻҪΣڣֻҪܹﵽ֫Ҫ󣬺ƹУ뽫ת˿ܷɵƲã
ĵ˵
̶һЦŻأҲûѻ˵õģҾ
Ȼ֪˵ʲô·⣬Ըȥܵġ
ֻǣ̶˾񣬰ϢתƵ˺߮оˣʼȫעһôϴѧҽԺΣضīؽڡ
̲סͷ㣺ΣǿƵҽҵİô񵽵鱦
ضī⻰Ͱˣ˵ؽҽԺģʿ
ضīɫһͣš
̶˵ؽڣκЦģ߮磬ҽԺǿƶֽڵѧ
̶˵꣬ضīһԲۣǸӰ
üһԭŰ˵ôƵԺѰûѰ
ţơضī߮ʱһĴָ
ԣɫһߣ̶Ҳ΢һЪˣ˹
ؽڣ߮Ƶǣʡ
߮ɫش
ضīͷ֧֧᲻ÿڣ
߮˿תͷɫ糣ƽ˵ؽڣˣҪȷһǳǷʣ
ضīŽİĿ⡣
Ȼ˶תͷ߮磬Ǻ߮絽ʲôôԹǵһڶɱġ
Ȼ߮ǲɫض˵ʵҲûʲôڵŮҵ˼ѡ
˵ʱ΢΢һ
㹻
ҽԺڵŮ
ţƣ
߮˴Ĵָ
߮ע⵽˵ı仯ֵزһ˵ؽڣƵģһаɵŮҲҵ΢š
ضīһ򣬶ʱɫͬıɫīڡ
ͷӵؿ߮һۣﰵ߮رȻ鴫Сӡ֮ȥﰡ
ѧʿ
רҵоõľõףʿĲࡣ
һ
ˣŮжŮ
Ȼȷȡ
Ȼضīͷ֣ߵĸо˶ܾȻ˷룡
Ҵΰ£



һʮ 岻УΪԣ
˶͸оϰԭһϵͳЩϰд˶ɥʧ˶ܷΪ˶ɥʧΪоɥʧ
Уص㣬һ̨õ׺òá
Ҳһҽҵˮƽ֡
ֻҪ˶ɥʧĻôֻǲܶʹд
ֻҪĸоɥʧĻôҾֻǰʹ͵
λϥؽµĻҾֻϥؽµʹɵϥؽڣ䡣
һҪ˵˼
˵ʲôأ
ţСȻһ̶ȵʹָͷܶ
ȵʹѾʧˡ
ԭΪӣǣضīΪĽڣǴ֪߮ɵĻԭ
֧֫ԣ񾭵ںϳǰѾ˸о˶ķֲ򡪡
L1ɹϲ
L2ϲǰ档
L3²ǰ档
L4Сǰڲ档
L5ڲ롣
S1롣
S2СȺ档
S3Ⱥ档
Ƕλ֧䶨λֻĿǽѧġ
Ȼأ񾭸ʱֿԷֳǰǰ֧书ܲһһԣ
ǰ˶ԣоԣ
԰ֱ߮ӰL1/L2/L3ĺˣλû
ңΪ˿ǵL1/L2/L3ĸо֧䣬͵Ȳиоˣ׼˸Ƥ񾭵ͣ
飿
ȻõģۣƽʱL4/L5ļ϶׵ǰһȸˣһĹܻţѾǼܺõҽˡ
ȷ˶оǷ룬õӡ֤ʽǡ
õӲõſſģй龭ǣ϶ָ֪оɣû
˾׼
ضīɫӣ
Ҵΰ£ôһ̨
׼ôһֱ첻۰
ΣزܹôõǸöã
һЩߣиֲ֢ʱ֮޷û취һء
ΪƵΣ˿ȻҲע⵽ضīļ飬˲ͫһ˫۵ֱˣﻹһһţ߮絽װЩ񾭵ĸо񾭸ɵˣЩûɵ
𣿡̶ضī
ضīǳ˳飬ֵסˣͷˣΣǿԽˡ
߮˵ȥϴ֣Σ룬Ӱ쵽ǵҰģǿͬʱС
鷳ǰҰҲĸɹ¶
̶ƵˣȻѾϴִ·ȶˣȫǰһ׼ġ
ãȥϴְɡ̶̵ͷǡ
飬ȨͶϾ
߮뿪Һ󣬲̶ԺܳˣһȷǰеǷ׼ȫ

ܿ죬߮ٴ˽˿̣ȨͶϾ˶պò̽
߮ش·һƽһĵĲ
жԼ˵λүǸƼݡ񾭲
ֻΪ˰ȥȥĵط
һ߮ʱʲôϰƵģ۾
ȻԹ˵̽ΪҪľɾǻľֲˣ߮ѡҲɾ
ֲõ·оҲɾɾ;Ҳྱ
оҲɾѡ·Ϊҹɾƽֱҽʱ١ԣѡҲɾ·ٲвҪ鷳
߮ڼ̽󣬾ó˴̰Ŀ̶ȴ롣
ţѲػʿͰѲʳ˹
ɾĴ̣һ£õǱȽϰȫĲʳµ񴩴̣
ֻǣѲػʿûߵ߮ߣ߮ȴѾŴֱȥˡ
ä
̶Ƶ֫ǰ׼ûǿ߮綯ضīǣȴǽֺͷץŵأסˣƺ඼ɤۣ

磬ǹɾ
ǻҲС
Ա߾ǹɶй񾭣
ضī֪ݴ˿߮ΪΪá
߮ȴδʲôѡ˺ʽǶȣѴ14FĶʵܡ
Ȼ̵ǾǶĵͨõģ߮ͿǵҪǻǻ˫֫Ĺͬͨ·
ѡǻͺţҲ14F
󣬱Ƿŵ˿ˣ
õ˿Ḷ́߮粢û˵ؿʼäǰѲʳƵߣȻһ̽ͷ׼ȷ̽˾뵼˿ͷ󣬲ſʼѵ˿𽥵ž˳лĵķȽ뵽ľٻصǻ
ֵؿ˵˿Զ˹ֹ߮ͣ˽롣
ڲʳ£ȷ˾Ĺǻѡ״
ڽ˿£ǻ
ҲΪ˳֮߮ٴμһѪͨ󣬱ȡ˵˿Ȼγʣѹ
ֻڼѹ߮绹ΪȽѳͷλãţضī˵ؽڣٹ۲һѪΰȻҪõ֬໤ʱֱ߾ͺˡ
߮ȻѾ˲Ļеɵ
Ͼ֮ǰԼĸʱĸ̨ϣȻһ̨ڵķո˲ָ֪ǻѪܵ
Ϊȥ߮оԼòεĲе
ǣ뵽Լĸ˫֣ڱҽң⣬߮һ˵İޡ
ضīͷû£ȿġǿƵĵֻϴӹǻʱ򣬲Żд֬λѪҺϵͳ
߱û֬ߣʱԲõġ
ضīΪĽڣԸҵΪϤ
֬˨˶෢ھߵĲ⣬ľڹؽƵĹؽûС
ΪڴĥǻĹУ֬뵽ǻʱ֬εȶԻܵӰ죬пܳΪѪ˨
ͨ͸ȻͲˣ
һûõĹ׼ȫǡô
ֻǣ߮Ա߼ʱ´Ӻ󣬲̶Ƶ´˻֮ǰ崴ϵпʱ
ҵžͱȿˡ
ȻתͷһȻǿ˻ʯϣҲǸεƣѪӵλʯϣ˽
֮󣬿̶˵ŸտʼЦʣΣҸʱ򰡣Ÿտʼ
̶˻ʯϵδתͷֻǵͷţǵŸտʼ
֮ǰ߮˵Ҫֲʱʵ΢еŵģԴ˻ʯϵĵ绰΢ƶһ¡
ȻĻ˶֪߮ô
̶Ϊˣɷѿ˵ġ
ֻǣ߮Ǳ߰Ѳˣʯ϶ûǼòãҲûȵˡ
Ҳ֪ʯȽ
̶Ҳû˵ƣʯϺôҲһҵΣҪġ
ʯſˣڲ̶˵ĶԲλãеԼѹ·һ߸ߵ޾ɴˮ档
ƺѾ˴սһĺۼ
⣬ʯ϶ʱһţ˿ʱ䣬̶Լ绰Źȥ˰Сʱʱ̶˵ŽӲˣѵ˵
ȻƳƳ߮磬߮Ѿҵļʱ£ɮ붨ˡ
Σˣߵ͵Աߣʯѹʡ
ضī㲻ʯϵ΢ÿλãǰѲʳ̽ͷѾ𽥷λãҰ֫ľܣҲˣʱ׼Բ˽ȵ׼
㡰һȻ˿ʱ塣
ķ֮ǰͽˣΡҲΣһƵĴΣʯƽҶͬһλãһҲͲö
ȻͿ˻ʯϤãʹ֮ɫ
߮ʱҲϤЦоƽˣ
Ϊô˹Ħʯϣֻʣãʹˡ
ʯ϶ʱﰵп಻˴ͷεؾĬĬתˡ
ֻǳңʯδܸף߮絽ôôѾŽȥģûȻҲû취ֲˮƽΡ
Ȼܹٶô죬ƿ϶äģ
äǻжŰ
Ը
ʯϲ˵ǣӲ̶˼УóΪܹܹٳԺתȥµ׼ġ
زICUҾҪֱӴͨ120Ȼת
ҽһǰǣҽ޷ƵҪתרҵҽԺȥǣ֮ҽЩûġ

ʯϵ뿪һûжĹκӰ졣
̶ߺƳеɫ֮ǰ˵ġ
֮ܳԻûпʼ̨Ϊ̨ʱ̨׼ܳҪľǹؼ֣ؼֵʱ䲻ر𳤣
ԣڲ̶崴߹ɹǵĶ϶˸ųȷûѪ֮ܳ¹ɹǶ϶˵ֱ
ȻҲƽƬϽУϾ
ɹǹȱķΧ̫¶˶ŵļǣκλã޷׼Ϳ͹۵Ľв
˲֮ܳɱ˳̨̨Ȼһ߮磬ѹʣ߮磬ҪʼˣҪҪһһ£
ܳ˵⻰ʱʵ΢еԥģôʵ߮ѧϰһ¹Ǵȱֲƺͼɡ
Ҫԭô
һ߮ǴƵĲʿȻΪѾҽѧϣһֻдС˵ˡǣ츳ҽѧȤǻڵġ
ȻĻģ⸱ĹУͲܰըһ·ֵʮꡣ
߮ٴι㣬ȥ̤д֮·
ڶ߮ȻԴ˸ȤʵܳԼѾӵĹȱĹֲôֱ߮óۣȴʺź
߮ξܳ޷ҡ
߮츳ٴ߽ҽѧĵãǲ֮
˿ƣľ֣ܴ򼸸ӣ
ʵĻߣܶ࣬ˣҲܶࡣ
ҽԴԶǿն̫
ΪеĶҽԺΪΪҽԴѷӦ󡣶߮磬Ѿ·ϣߵúԶܸߵˡ
ܼУδĳɾͣ϶͡
߮ܳɵ룬̧ͷһܳɣЦЦ˵õİܳɸ硣
߮籾ңҪסߵʩչõ֮⣬Ϊ˿һܳɵľˮƽ
ܳɾȻѵԼǣվǰȣȻò顣
߮ȴܳɵĿУܵһ˿ϡǣܳһģģΪŪ
߮ԶԶվеʿĲ̨Զ10⣬ܳվһ䣬ȻѲ߷º󣬾Ϳʼ˼ӡ
˵ҽǽȱһ
м̵Ľṹǲϣұʵݡ
ҪǣĽṹǳڹʵкΡ
ȱҲǹ۵һ֣ƵԭʵҲ벻˹۵ԭ
һλ
ڶοĹ̶Ҫ̶̶֧
ͬڣȱ֮ҪùͷҪǼܣҲǹϸеĹǼܡṩôһǼܣùϸС
ΣǺ鷳ģΪĳʹһžǣǹɹѺڹ̶ĹȱҪγ֧ĻѶȼߵķʽ
߮˫ĿϸضܳɵĶȻͿǱ̵Ȼܳɵ£γǻ϶״ֱСȻܳɲãû̫
ң
߮˫ͬӥһע⵽ⳤεṹγɵĹṹµĹǻǲȵģǣ϶ɹǽ˵Ĺ۲жһ¡
¶ɹԶ˵Ĺ۲жһ¡
߮˿ðһĵ뷨ܳɸ磬ҪһߵĹɹǳô
߮ļʶܹ㣬ݻߵĹΣĿǰõķҲеģ3Dӡ
һ
3DӡϢѧǲϼϣݲһιǼ
ǻеġ
еĶǵ˫֣ó
ԣôĳô
ܳɵͷ赭д˵ţȻҲûð취ˣ3Dӡӡ˼壬ҲðţֻԼһˡ
߮֫ⶼӲְֻţƺֻǶơ
˵˻
ΪأݻߵĹɹһɹǾó
ǣܳɼôȻظֳˣɹܵĺۼ
ƣܳɵУСɳһʲôʲô
߮˿̶е㿴оϸˣϽҽѧٿƣȻϸعĦ˹ɹǵ״ܳ׽˶Աȣ
Ȼ˫Ŀ˲ֱˡ
п֣Уŵ
ÿ˵֣ܳôôȵĻǴιȱƣΪҽѧһ⣿Ϊе컨ô
ᣡ
ֻǣ߮绹ϸشǵʱ򣬾ͷְܳɴ˿̾ȻһСף
ǣǹ״ǡ
ǹƤʣй衣
ǻҲһ״ṹ
ܳɵ˼·ܺ⣬ҪܹΣȻǻҪܣ
⵽ŻǷӣ
߮΢ŵе
ǿʼ΢΢ԼеЦԼôţҪϸڴȥܳɵ©ģ
ܳɵ˼άҲֱܲס
ܳɲûйЩڶԱκ󣬾û⣬ǫ̃ԣȻƺͲ̶˵ʦʦѾˣȰ̶ɣ
˵崴ʵҽԺѾˣԣ崴Ĳʵࡣ
̶δȫɣ˿ܳɣȻֿ˿ȥȡĹǴٹǰƣſʼĹȡ
˿ܳɣھͷô
ܳɵͷ˵ţڷţͨɹǹǻں͹ɹƤĹ̶ΣùɹǴŻָṹ
ָ˱ṹ̶֧ܵĹ̶ο㣬ҸڹɹǱΣ
һ̨ܳѾȫſˣʲôܣ̶ֻҪҶףʲôó
ǻܸ±ҽĻͻĻǶֻ˵ǲ
ˮģ
ãͷƤĲ̶Ҳʣܳɴ⣬ҲֹһˣܳɵĺܶͼҲͳ˲̶֪
ܣԼ֪ģǼޡ
һߣֻ̰߮㶵һӣܳȥϴˣ֣Լ֮ǰĹ̨̫ˡ
ǴƵһ߷壬һ컨Ķ
ⶫ߮
Ȥˣˣ
Ϊ̫żֻûȣˡ
Ѳػʿ߮纰ҽֻˡ
鷳Ҽһ£
ͷûء
Ҳǲȡͷˣܳ˵һɣ߮뿴
ȻԴ˿սսһ±ƵȨͶϾ˵Ҫúÿúѧ̨ܾܺöڿظ
ȫûжҿظ
ͬһףĿǰڽеĹȱֲޣ15cmң
᲻ࡣ
֪ǳIVܳɵӣûõIV֮ǰԲ
ңҲܳóȻٿչΪܳɵͺݱϾȥ۲С
ֻǣΪöϾȨϵģҲֻܰܳɸˡ
ͬ⻰ҲǶԲ̶˵ģ˼ǣڿ￪չΪãܳõģֻIIȨޣ
ϾȨ̵һΪȫů΢Ĺס
תͷܳɣֻܳɸİ
ܳĬĬͷ촽һ仰Ҳû˵ȫ׼״̬Уڵ߮硣
߮ȤĻ׳棬ģҲ⹴ģԣҪΪи
Ӻ߮ϴ̨֮ܳɾͲſʼڱװ˹ǻУ
Ȼι
ܳǰսתȡǡ
ֻǣܳɵȡṇ̀ʱ߮ˣܵ˿־壡
ǹǰܹ֮꣬Ϊǰ˵ĲϣΪǰԴѪܵ٣ֲ֮󣬻Դ
ǣȡģ϶εһΡ
ɣܳȴǶң

ܱߣôЩô
ѵƽʱԼʵʱʱǰЩ˵ģ
ǻȡôѪܴ٣
ܳɿƺ߮ʣҲǿѹס̫ʺСѵķڡ
΢΢һ
ÿһѧƣ˾ˣԼʼ֪Լ֪ģҲܲա
ܳɾ͵еĽѧӵеƽһζ3Ϊ10ƽ6֧ҡ
Ծڴˡ
ôͣҲ߮ƶ˿ֻȻüͷš
̶Ǿ﷢ࡪ
ԼŶӣ
òԼų
ϾȨ̻Ȼ
ŶôѪܵİǾˡ
֪ܳɵĻȴƺ߮øͿˡ
ΪôදĻôƽʱʱǱԼôˣ
Ǿĥġ
ԽѧԽ£ѽ
ܳûͣҲǶ͵ʱ
òȡĴǰ˹ǰ꣬ˣȻˣǣܳȴû˼Ѫ˽ṹ
΢ϸʱٴ߮ƵͷƤһ顣
ԺĬûʡ
֮ǰԼˣȻûԣǣҶˣ߮縺û᲻ᣬʲôԭ
ƸֹؽеԭΪʲôҪָֹ㡣
ܳɸֲ
Ȼöʡ
Ǳп֮󣬱ܳɷķȻٰѴٵѪһһɹеĶжǺϣ
Ǻϣ˶˵ļбգϿѪܵĳӯ
ϣѪմȾ

ģͨҽǿѪͺ¡;˻᲻
ƣѪͻġ
Ŷ֯Ѫˣˡ
ȻѪ⡣

Ȼ⻹ûꡣ
ܳɼʼĹȡǵֲȻٰеĵͼֲǲϣһһõǿܱߣȻٰһиǶϡ
һܵĹɹǣôˡ
ô˼أˣ
Ȼܳɱ̶̶֧Ϸ̶Ĺλãѹɹ϶ι̶ס·ֹǽڡ
õĹֹǣȱʧȶĹɹǸ̶ο˹ĵڶ
ֻǣȱơ
λԹֲˡ
̶ڹ̶̶̶֧ܹˡ
˿ȱĹֲô൱ѧˡ
ܳ꣬ҲСĵȷһ¹ɹ·ι̶̳ȿɿ󣬱ÿλá
ţֵϳ
Ʋ̫ˣؽڣؽڵɣɲֻǽĹؽڽṹоͰ˹ؽڸļ¹̶
֮󣬾ͿʼÿڹͷϴͨȻѼֹ㣬ʼһһλ
Ҳˮһ㡭
⣬ҲԴܳɵ֪ʶä˲Ȼ
Ŷԭ⻹ô棿
ˣѧˣ
Ͼȥģ⣬õ
ޣ֪ޡ
𽥲֪ǼĹؼ
⣬˵ԽԽԾ
Ȼȵɴ˵֮
ϷӦ
ֻ֮ɫ粻Ȼһԣԣ飬ԡ

ҪֹͣǲˡԿʼﺰ
ˣҿԿʼ󺰴
ֻǰôûõġ
ûʼ֮ǰȨǷģһʼûκܹͣߡ
ǷɸҵȨƵȨ
һʼԺҲãκҲãܽ뵽С
ֻҪɣٶĽڣȥٵĲ
ֻҪдˣҲǿдϣ
ǹء
οʱɾڣá
ǰȰң㰲һ£ҪĲĻӰ쵽ĽУûκܹΡ
һICUҪ⣬Ͻκγײġ
ô没ģҪеܴ۵ģȣ˵ͬ⡣
ȴ˿ɲ٣վԣëɣʱ󺰴С
ҪɱˣҪ򰡡Ҫɱ÷򡣡
Ҫֹͣǲˣ
ȨҪֹͣԼţϣһ
ԣɵûԻᣬſڴ󺰴УֱӾͿҹȥظ죬һܽн
ɡ
Ĺ
ɲĵط
ȵ˷ӦʱȻ͸˰
ѾʼͲ;
࣬ǰʮķӽڳҵʱ򣬾̱ɵ˴ҽӹˡ
ң̶㻹泵Ѻתͣ
߳󣬸˽˵ãѾԲ֫еرɹҲΣա
⣬õĻӦһͿվ
ֻǣƵĻû꣬ڰȫֱԼİ˹Ƶͷϣһˮ
ȻԼЬˣơ
ǲΪҽûҽ£ǾһȺ֡
ģޡȻһţһ߱ˡ
ֻϵùزϵգһ߼ĸĸ˽͡
ֻҽֻǵΪĲ鿼ǣǵı֫ҪѾ˼ޡ
õĻô
⻰ûϊ֚ǸлָƣʣҶӶûˣһҪסȸ
ǼֱһȺѪ
ΪʲôҪҶӶΪʲôʲôôһ࣬һơ
˵ǲˣҽԺΪҽģȻҪȫΪṩҽƷ񡣡
ΪʲôֻΪҽ
κĲҲÿģΪǰʹࡣ
ģǶܲˣԼҪģֽ֣
ǱƭˣǱƭˣ
ǣһѣǣ
ǹݺƭǣû
֪Ҷ͵ñתߣΪʲôҪ
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲô
΢΢ǾһѾҽģΪǸβˣʵֻβ
ȲˣԲ𡣡
˵꣬תͷʵΪӡ
пģҲʧ䡭
ڽҸң߮ܳɵ˶ڵҸ׼˺ֽܶȨĵԡ¶ϴ¶ëȺ
ʦȥϴɣȥȥµģԡҡ
Ƶһ䣬˵ͷ
ҽȲˣֻβܾ˵ֻԼûΥͣôҲͲи̨ͱתȥһĻ
Ȼԡҵʱ룬˵ûɱ˵ĻļҾ
ı֫ᱻó
𰸣Ƿ񶨵ġ
߮粻£ܳҲԽƸ
еҲ֧Ԯ˸òҪôǮ
û˻Ϊ˵ȥðա
Ϊԡ


һʮ ζ
ˮγ﹤Ա˵ǰԼݣˮγ﷢ƿȫ·ʿƿڶԹԱ
ǽһ˵ʲôǮļǮ˭Ҳûʸ񶯣Ҳ˻һȥǵġ
ԱҲֻ˵⣡
Ȼ͹Ҷ˵绰
Ҷϵ绰֮תԼĸԡ
磬ôǲΥģԼＯǮǲǸùԼŰ
˫ɢŵĹâ
Դ˿ԣĿؿԼӣ̾һ˵飬ͷɡһˡ
Ȱ㣬㲻ţǵһҲǣȥףҲɡ
ᣬôö㰡
ûظ飬ֻȰӡ
ʲôˣֺУóǰǸӣڻûġ
ĸĸֵܵˣ⻰ǺԳ˴
棬ֱһؼë
ãԼȰ棬еԼǰôûȥȰأ

ҽԺˣüãҲǲ˵ļԼҪġ
Ȼô㲻̫ǵıΪ˾ͱȰûУҪҪתȥѺǺҽԺһëǮϵûеġ
ˣļһҲûֳȻ
һûû£֪ͬǩˣҽԺûëΪ˿ǵĳҲǴ֮٣ĸĸһռôأ
ҽԺˣסˣ

󣬲̶νˬ˶ˣһһȻߣһҪȥúóһٷףһ¡
̨壬ôڵ㲻ͬѰ̶쵼ߡȻҪúõһٵġ
ֻǰضīһȴùģ˵ΣΡҾͲˣ뵥λԶ컹Ҫϰࡣ
ԣҲǿֻһ߿˵ؽڣҪһԵɣŶӻȥ
һ˵ţһ߸ضīһŷ⣬Ƹ㡣
ɲǲ˳ǮԼĺû˼Ϊ˸лضīܹҽԺӱɴͽȥ
ضīƽûĺĽڣһ̨һãλλеġ
ֻǰضīֻǰŷ򿪣ǳֱ׵سһţȻ˿ڴΣ򳵷Ѻͳ̵Ǯˡ
ģͲƷˣˡ
˵ţҪȥβĹضīȻҪġ
ɫԱ䣬׷ȥؽڣõģôһˣɲʡ
ضīƿ˫ֺŷ⣺ΣǮԼģ˿ɾְ
Ҷ͵ˣ䲻ɸ̸ʲô壬ðæģæضīҲôһΣҲǾ̹ͻ
°͵ΪֹҲˡˣæȥ
ضīãǵһ̣û㣬ҷˡ
ضīôˣҲͲǿѣûӲضīŷ⡣
ضīΪǮģô򵥵ĲˣҲ˼ǮҪΪ¶ġ

ļ֪ɵתߺ󣬻ҽԺ󳳴֣һҪŶɵ˳ֵʱ
ܳɣ߮ˣ˿ȴڸһ͵͵Ц
Ȩ˿̿ű˻İʮ򣬰ֻ˻ȥȻܳɺ߮磬ĵ˵ܳɸ磬߮磬ţƣҷдķ
ֻ֣һֱȳһĴָ
߮úãܹһͣò˺ͼǰˣ̨вˡ
ܳɰĹüãǼȥ棬ȥ֣ҽԺҲ̨ܹóȥͬ飬̶ҲôɴͬС
޷Уô϶ͻҪҽԺ
ⲻǱ˵ıҽô
߮ЦЦܳɣ˼
ȻŬŬ죬˵Ҫܳɸţ̨Ϊ˱ⲡ˵ļ鷳ȫ̶¼¼񣡲ȻĻҲܽеô˳
˵ָ꣬߮ϽӸҵĹԼɫֱʺͺƤʼǱ˳ȻͿʼддм¼
εһõС˵дزģɲܴˣú֯һ£ˮü֣߻
ȻתС˵ĹУͨķʽŤתһ£ǶҲᵽ˭ġͰѡ½ɡеĿ;ˡ
ѡ
ֻܳЦЦû߮Ļֻ˵ҹţʦȥͲ˵ļ̸ǻȥ㶫ϴɡ

̶󣬱ԼϵһȥƵԷˣ·ϣ̶˵찡ÿ˶Ҫȵơ˭ɨˡ
ȻҲڵģѲϴֻʿڣǶûܾ
ɲ̶Ļ䣬߮ͼᶨΣҲȾƣ
Ҳתͷ˵Σҽֵ࣬Ⱦơ
̶˲䱻û޺޵ؿһɨ˵ˡ䶯һ£û˵ãɨˣǰɣ
ֻ߮ǸЦЦ
Ǹæѻ˱ȥΣͱ˱˻ˡŶӰոûؽǽһĽ
λʿҲɨܳɵˣҪǾۼܳϣǿܳɵǸ漣
ƺܳˣǰĿ۵߮ϡ
һеȣ˵Ϊء
߮ȫһУžпܷ⣬ҲóȻٲôӴ
ֻǣ֮ǰҶԼˣһĽУ˭ȥ˵顣
̶˲ЦС۾гһ죺ԻԣСޣСܣСǶǷǳš
Լûʲôµģһῴ˰ⲻһȺϹ
̶һ֣νǰѷѧӵ۷ͼ¡
˲ͶԲ̶˷ۣȻְĿ۽ܳɵϡ
GܳˣֱԽԽ˳ۣǳֶŮͲ֪ԼֶŮĵôˣȻԷʱ˵Ҫˡ
Ȩ˿Цһ仨ϵͷ촽˵ã
緹һԲ˺з˵ϻдͳԣ
ܳɸã߮ҲãҲ䷹֣Цĵû˹עɵӡ
ڵ˳Էĵص㣬³ʱ߮ͻȻѹȨ˵ļİʮãİɣ
ȨȻתͷ߮硣
ʵ˵ʵǳġ߮˵ƺȨϵƵġ
ȨҲˣֻ˵ˡ
߮˵ˣЩǮ˶ҷһĹؼ˺ͼԼΪǾãۺôôһǮ
ǮȻܵģûǮܵģҾãܴ˺ͼͷͻɵģļİʮ򡣡
ţȥƽ̨绰ɣļԻι鲻ţܸǡ߮˵꣬λȥˡ
䷹ҲϲȻҲȱǮ
ǣ߮绹ƺܳ˵ģϵܣԽԽˡ
˼Ĺȱֲͬļ
һܹͨӵеġ
ոգֻע⵽ܳȥˣԶûüȥϸϸĥֹؽʱ򣬵׶Щʲôеϧˡ
ңǺٸˣ˵һĲ˰ɣ

ضī˳⳵֮ɫͱ
ȻΪֹѾˣĽǲƵĽɻû׼ˡ
Ҫ֪£˵ȫǳֺãֻͼһ˳ģûǮãࡣ
ôûţһɧźð
Ϊ˱ضīͰԼģܳɺ˵̣˶֡
Ҳû˵ʲôֻǵڣҽԺеһ̨鷳ʱ俴ô𣿡
е⣬Ǯ̫ð
֮Է֣ԭ򣬵һǶ־ϴѧҽԺƵĶţ϶ܿס
ڶúưɣѧˣܲڲҺͷ˰ɣ
ضīҲǸܼˡ
˳㣬Ȼ֮ǰ߮һ˵Լѧ΢ţʱضīȻʲôû˵ûȥ
ҪҶһĵģѧƽڵĹŮˣɱͽܡ
߮ϴѧҽԺ⣬һţڶƢġᡣ
ţǰвٵĽΪ˶֡
Ҳη裬ȻڵĹŮҽףһԻ·ܸɳ¶
ȻᣬĻȻֻǽţĿǰб߮еģҲĹŮˡ
ֻǣϢȥ֮ضīȻһСʱûȵֵĻظ
˵ŷ绰
ֵǽͨˣضīʣڣҸƵܳտһ˵е⣬̨ƺҲС
һ˵һڹĦء
ضīû˶ֵĻ棬˵ĲǿǹĦ
ɫһʣڣĪǣİ
ضīɤ۶ˡ
ͽȥʹʹ죬ûãʲô⣬Ǿ
ʲôҪֹĦ
ⲻǷ
ؽڣû㿪ЦҶģôܸ㿪ЦЩĲɣעûȫضīߣԻظΪ⡣
˵ضī죬ΪضīƵΣҵҪضīţʲôѲĲˣضīĲͽвˣ
ɲǸضīô
ĺ̨ܺȫ̡ôεĹȱһôãѰ˼ţҪҪõĩȫǿȥ
ôһ˵ضīһ㶡
ļٵģضīǼǵãԼǸˣǸʮСް̵ˣûгʮġ
ΨһһʮĲ̶ȫ̾ʹ͵İ
üͷһصҺ㿪Ц
ʡѾкܾúܾûܹȫǿ¶ˣ¶ģҲֳѣܽͬг档
̨Ϊͬ
ÿʡǿƵᣬʮһ·ݳ
ȫԵĹǿᣬһ㶼ʮһµ׵ʮ·ݳӡ
Ϊ˰һԼĶܽᣬȻóȥޡ
ֻǵʡ޵Ļÿ궼ϴѧҽԺش̨ȥȴࡣ
ضī̫Ͷҵֱ˵ʣڣɱڲҰ̨ûⰡ
־͵ڲѧأܲ
İɣԲģؽڣҪûĻҾȹ˰ҵٺúõؿ̨ҲضīҪ⡣
ã

ضīĵ绰Ҷ֮󣬶־ϸŴ߮ĵ绰
߮Ա㣬ͿŲ̶ȨϾܳĸ˺ȵģһԣ֡
߮磬Ķôôֺģʡ
ǰ߮Ǻöͣϲ֣ųͷԴǼϲϲһ˴š
߮˵ҿŲǺȾأҳԱˣԱϢ˳ддϸ١
ʦôˣ
߮粢ԼʦԼ绰ˣضīϳԴ绰˶֡
ң֮ǰضīҪ˵߮ĻҲֻøضīһˡ
һ飬߮ûԹڣǰûСԼٴúõصҽ߮»ضī֮䰵ƴһѵġ
߮ô˵ţԼǰֿʱ򣬺͸ѧʱӣЩЩп
ʣԲ̨ιȱĹǰֲ
ܳεģ
ȡǵĸѪܵ٣
ҪΪ˸ǲʵǵĻôͲҪٹԥ;ᵽҪҪΪܳƸIIIˡ
Ǹܳһȥˡ
ȥĽɫǶ߮ģҶѾ׼˲Ͱֻ߮Ѿ־ҽѧٰ߮ȥ
ԺûˣҲöͬн߮ȥ⡣
ţǵġʦ߮ͷ
ʵеģǸ߮Ϊֻ⣬ܳԽˡ
͸ֽȥȻ˵ԡʦ̨ǲ̶Ρ
֮ǰ˵ˣܰܳ˰һҪԼʦͨ£˭˵Ƕǲ̶ġ
ȻļƻܳŪҽɣҵԽѱܷŹܳɣ
ҲǺء˵ҵȻá
ʱ򣬲һô
˻ظǳ̾һҪô˵ĻǻеϧˡұȥCOAģ׼æһºġ
˵ĺ¾Ͳô˰ҲóȥͬǿˣǸ˵绰
̶ܲ˵⵽ΣϾе㲻̫Ϊ˰ͽȥ˽SBͬУڵ²ָĲ˵ȥ
߮ЦЦǲóȥˣңóȥģҲָ㰡
ʦѵûע⵽̨ļؽḶ́ҲǺ˵𣿡
һ㶣ʣⲻܳô
̨ϣǴ޾£ףֲֻ˭˭֡
ǡ߮ţƾ˹
˵߮磬ȻǶͻȥһ°ȥ￴ﲡˡҽˣ绰ġ
߲߮ϰѵ绰ȡúȵ˵Ĳ̶ˣ˵ͷ˵õģʦ
ߺ߮żԶ˵ʦԻǲã⼸¼òƾûһġ
ֹؽʦģʦʦγԺʿ
˵ʲô棬һе㲻̫ˡ
ʦγʦѧǺ֣ʲôCOAAAOSAPOAȥߡ߮Ͱ֮ǰô飬ҲԼʦһͬһ¡
ԣֱӳĬ˰ӡ
Ϊ߮϶ƭˣҲƭƭ
ֽſЦôҲȥ˰ҽԺˣ
ʦʿûĿǰֻоѧ߮Ըпһ¡
طûҪɡ
MB
һС۾̶۾Сô©ʱһһ׼أ
ܼ񵽣ܳҲܼ񵽡
ԼȥԶĵطҲAPOAAAOSʱûоٰ췽Ĳλắ
ˣΪѧ⣬ȥ䵽˰ҽԺ˲̶ߣǲ۾СͿԵϹӰϹײף
ҪʲôʱҲ۽ǷȻײ߮ͽȥ
˵߮磬ܺúõҽѧߵĻҲܳɺƲġ
ΪԼѧоﲻζȰ˵
߮ԳЦЦʦҿܲС
˵߮ıеɬ
Ƶ̨һսħվȥǾǶԲ˵ĲΡ
ԣˣõѡûκβˣܹΪԼ߳ħƷ߮һִ
ҵΪãȻôͲҪȥ˺ҵ
ȻУǾǲУҲ߮顣
ʱ룬ԼԼĸˣԼĸΪԼûҲʧȥ⻹ô
ֲÿˣܹԼִսʤħ
ýȥˣǵøҽȥ
̾һο˵߮磬ˣˡҲ˵ˣԼÿľͺá
ҲˣʦߣԴҵҲ޷ٸ㴫ܹԼĿֵĻţҲˡ
ҽѧԵǳֻһеظоõϲġ
ԣҽ㣬һ߿·ߣ˾Ļһ㰲ź·ġ
ֶ߮ݺǳģѪƵëΪһ֮˽߮һ
Ƕĵһִ
߮翴ѪƵˣΪȣĸ˫Ҳ߮£ȥѡĺá
ллʦ⣬ٿɣҹʵõġ
˵⣬߮˵ʦԵĻһǾã԰ܳڵҽԺȥģжоͷѾҿ˴ˡ
ڱѧҽԺ飬һ⡣
ʦΪѧҲõҽԺȻʿԭ򣬵ܳɿ϶ʦ·
ҹжоͿѧ뷨ġ
ԣֱӸ߮˵ԼΪѣ߮磬㽲Ҷֻһ㣬ûץסõܳоʱ
˵˭ʦأ
ֻܲҸʦͷʦɣұĴġ

Ҷϵ绰߮üͷһڿܳɵĿУ˸ӺͿȻпɾ֮ɫ
ܳɺѾˣԼܳɱȣܲ˵ˡ
ֻǣˣôῼоأ
ǹ¡
ʦڵİţҲΪǡȥܳԼܳɲԸ⡣
ȨɫھƵĴ߻£żǺ֮ɫѱĺɫס
˿̣ٴξٱԲ̶˵ʦһҪһ̫ˣҲҪллʦϤĴ̡
ֻǣԼ̫ʦ
Ȩʵ֮ǰܳɻû֮ǰ˽ƺͲ̶͹ȡ˸Ĳᡣ
ʱܳеֻΣڣʣµȻΡ
ܳɲƽϣȻ̡
̶ЦǺǵȨһ
ȻȨֺͶϾˣһܳһ
ܳȻͬǹ࣬˿ֵ̳࣬ܳɲûйֵţֵʱ򣬴λλ
ʱܳһԽ⣬ⶼ飬Ҳǰæ
ܳȻ̶ô⣬ֻϰѾƱŵЩ˵Ҷֵܣ˵ܰĴҶ໥æ
飬һֱǿõġ
ԣϾȨͷ
Ҳ֪ǾƻҲ֪ԣϾ˵ҽʱܳɸ˵һֱõġ
ʵҲˣһˡ
ˡ

߮ýԼǵ˰˱ӵù
ȾƵˣҵʿС㣬Լˣһһĸ˾ƵĴ󺺣
رǲ̶Ҳ֪˸ʲôȵʶģ˶죬̶֪ܳļͥסַ֪ȥͣ
Ȼȵ߮ȨϾ̶֮󣬻ԷĵطܳҲͻȥ
ΪܳҲſˣһֻĸ
ԣܳͻС¥µʱʱѾʮһʮ
߮ԼصҵʱѾʮһʮߡ
߮Цſ˿ʱ䣬ߵ˵ǰҺ̨һһȻϽ٣ȡȫõŰѵԶһ㡣
վ˴ԣҵƻ𣬺ȻЦ
ãԼеĽƺܳǵ״̬ˣϲŭģϾϣ̶ˣ
ЩԼòԽԽԶˡ
죬ĸоˣԼ̫ͽȥʵԼĹУֻڲģŵУ̫Ч
ЩЧڴһЩ˴ţССǾԾġ
ԣʵǳա
ң߮Ҳƭ˲̶ǣǾǣ߮û¡
û취֤ԼһܰŽȥ
ͽȥˣһеı֤ʵûаգҲǱ֤
ƺܳˣ˵ģ˼£ûУûáȻ˵ҲǺá
߮Լ̫⡣
Լ⣬ȱݺź˰
߮űʼǱд˼֡
⣬̸

ܳɻص˼Һ󣬿ʱѾʮһ࣬е
走Ѿʮһ˰
ҽ컹ʣģᶼûãҲûüúģ˼·
ֱɶ˷ѣ
һºܳɴӱȡͷϱһͷԲЩҲ˲ֱ̫࣬ӿʼģ⡣
Ȱѽģ˵ܵõʲôʲô
ģ˼·ҲȥˣģǸֹؽ
ķǷϣֹؽؽɲһ˼
ģ
ܳε̾һ
ֹؽ
ݳ޵һ죬Ȼһܶûɳ
ԺҪǽѵضˡ
˵꣬ܳҲ˸˿⣬Ц
Ȼûģ⣬ǣ飬ĺˬ
ΪģΪˣ̹Щ
ˣҪΪǵΪۡ
ҲԼڣ̰̰ˬȼļܡ
ͬʱҲھᣬǽûиɻµĻôܲչ顣
Īǣֻ˶񣬳˼ˣ˵
еƣ
˵ĻǽյһУΪİ㣿
Ϊƽһ
ǣǲûǮĻеͼȡ
ǾԼԸ޳е̻Ըô

Ȩ˼ңϴ裬ͺ˯
˰ҹӵʱ־һˣϽܵ˳ı䣬һԼķ˶ںš
˱ţٴλصԴϣûĵغ˯
ͬʱֻкܶδԡ
磬Ǯ˻ˣô°Ҫת𣿻ֱȥǮϣ
磬Ǯǲ˵İ
Ǯת˰
Ǯôôأתɣ޶ҪѿŸң
ϵܣϵܣʲô˰ǲǿҹŮˣҪҪҺȥף
ȨһûҲûظ
һҹ޻ҹĻܿҲÿһ춼ܻȥ


һʮ ר
һͷ΢еۣܳȻӴߴ£ܲˡ
ڽܵʱܳԼйΡԷ֮ԵҽҲѧ
ܳɺ˫ϥǻͣһ£ܳ˵ÿ춼ܲ𣿡
ܳѾܵ˰ȥҲǸܸԵġ
ܳɰһ£ͷں˵˻һƣһ˵ţûʲô飬ֵ£ܲġ
˵ţܳɻëһºϵĺȻǰأʪ͸ˡ
ͷһζѾǼˡ
Ǹϲ㰡ͻȻܳ˵
ܳë˲ͷʣϲʲô
ʦ˵ˡ㵽Ϊֹ˵󣬾ǰָָҼܲؼ
ؼ
ܳɻص˼ңҲûװ˵ĹϲϲӺ

ܳظϵ˿ֻҽϢҵſ׼ȥʱ򣬾ͱƸŤΰ칫ҡ
ưŴˣ棬ˡ
ҷֱǹǶƵϺ̶ͺΣȻǹһƵΣҲǹǿƵĴΣ졣һˣܳʶ
ܳһȥ̶̶֣ܳǸܳɲʶ˾͵׿ԺλǿƵܳˣһλǳСͬ־
ܳɣλҽԺ׿Ժ
̶Ĵͬ־ˡ
ܳſ̶еλԺӲߣ΢֣Щ˺ܶغ΢΢ͺŰ볤ͷס˵кľǿ
׿ԺҽԺԺ׿šһԺ
׿Ժãҽܳɡܳɵضӹ˹ӡ
׿ԺܳɳüĿ㣬еܳɵĿ̰ӡ󣬱תͷϺЦ˵СܹȻһ˲Ű
էһǸƵġ
԰ɣ׿ѸϺһ˵һ߿Ϻˡ
Ϻ̵ͷ˸Ц˵ǵģǿҵСܣ˲Ż֮⣬òҲǸġںеһ仰˵ǣֵŻܴ򡣡
ǳ׿Ѹ˵꣬ʵСŮ𣿡
ҽԺкܶʵŮŶ
ܳԣе㾽ȣڻص׿Ժʱû˿ϡš
ô˴Ҷأ
ԼϰԼҶ뱧ӣλ׿Ժ˼϶Լ˩ס
Сܵ۽̫ߣһ˶ϰɡ
׿Ѹô˵ֶ꣬Բ̶˵ˣҲˣһ飬ʣµģҾͲˡ
ΣΣٵǼŶô˲ţʧĻҿǻʵġ
ûʲôˣҾ˰
Ϻ˳ȥȻֻʣһĪܳɣ㵵ؿ׿Ѹ˵ıӰͷȻתͷ̶ȫûס
̶һȻܳɣϲ㰡飬ǿҿΪҽԺ˹⣬ҲҽԺʽ㡣
׿ԺרŹתԺ쵼ϻ飬ǹǿƶһ
ררֻܳɿãǷôƵҽԺͻյ
Ҳ˵֮⣬˶ܶ˼
ԣҲǵ˵ͷŲ̶˵ǰСܣһҽԺĻ˴ۣҲ㹻ĳΪס㡣
ܳԣüͷһ塣
ЩˣϰΪҪϲˡ
ֻܳԲʦΣ⣿
ҽԺﲻĹ涨ˣֻ˶ʿоܹõôôң
ƣеܳɵԤϡ
̶ûػֻЩΪѵؿ˺֪Ȥ˳ȥ
󣬲̶ܳɫһתص棬ʵкܶิӵԭģ㲻Ҫôֻ࣬ҪǺã㵽ҪԺñƣȥо
Ҳż룬ҲǿԵȵ㿼н֮Ҳ١
Ͼ˵ҽԺ֮Ըƣʵ͸һЩʿ˲õĿģһµġ

ͬǱԼǮãûǮѡ̶ѻ˵úֱס
ܳɵ˵ͷȻվ̶˲ˮƸ̶̶һ֮˵
СܰȻ˵ҽԺԱյҸΪҽԺͿҵķչǣø˵̫ġ
ǣұϾĴʦ˽ģһǽ㲻ҪôżѡΪڵѡ񻹺խΪûѧɵѧܹ֮ѡķ룬ʵǳ
һΣ׿ԺԺ쵼֮ô󷽣Ϊǿң£Эһشɱʬ˵Ѷתս
ң̨ǲ⣬ȫ¼˵
̣ضīڣϴѧҽԺĶڣڿƵ֮󰡣̨ɶȣˮƽǶмӵġ
˲ţҽԺȻ׷ܡ
̶˵ԭ֮ɫһصǣڣƸϣȻһʩ˵ǽԣʵȻܵȼ۵ġ
ҲŽ㲻ҪôżȥӦǰǩԼΪҽҪ˽߸һǳذϢ
̧ܳͷ̶ʲôϢ
벻ϴѧҽԺоǵĲʿ̶ֱ˵ʡ
ܳɵüͷ˲һ壺ʦ⣬֮ǰѾ۹ôұ˾ѧĸˮ̶ҽԺԣҽ껹ҪμǱߵоԡ
̶ܳҡͷһ꣡˶ʿоҵ꣬ʿҵ
ֻҪʱ˶ʿͲʿҵҪ󣬾Ϳ׼ǰҵκελ޷ŵġ
̶ŷ㱾꣬꣬Ѿǵ꣬ڿ԰ʡ
ܳɵĶʱһ
Բۣʦô˵ĻǸû취ܾ
ʦ϶ʲôɣܳʡ
ôõ飬϶ḶһĴ۵ġ
֮ǰܳʹ֣ԸԸоֶ֮ôڣֱܹӶǰҵˣ
̶ͷǵģǰҵ֮󣬱ҪʡڹûС
ֻʡڹҪ󣬲ְɣ
ܳɵͷı⣬ҲûҪʡȥ
ǣ˰Щ޶ǵʱ᲻ƾ
ҲǸһɶΪ۵ġ
ʦɣϾҪϴѧҽԺĻ±ܳΪѡ
Ҫһˡ
̶ʱ˷ۣôʣǲȱ۰Եѵ߻᲻գҾûߣа취
ֻҪͷͬ⼴ɡ
ܳɵɴ۾
ϴѧÿоԵעдŵľǡУԴ㣬ԭϲܵ
ܳɼʣʦҵʦ˭أ𣿻ڣҪҪǰȥ氡
Ѿ⶯ˣôõܳɻ⶯Ļɵˡ
ܻ쵽ʿѧαɵɵػʱȥؿా
ܹǰҵɲһ˾ܹȡõġ
̶⣬һ£Ȼе˵ǶڣҲϴѧҽԺĽڡ
ĵʦʱң֮û㽲Ϊ˱ΪҵأӰ쵽жϡ
ǵģֻҪԸϴѧҽԺоĻǰҽԺΪϴѧҽԺǿƵĶί൥λĿǰΨһһоͲʿί
ô˵ţǲ̶һƤܺ񣬴˿Ҳ
ܳɵɴ۾ʦҵʦǲʿ
̶ͷҲңҲᱻΪʿоʦҸ˶ԣʵǺкôġ
ܳɴɣǲ̶ûģ̶Ҳȫ벻Ϊ˰ܳɸȻôãֱӸԼôһ
Ҫ֪ǲ˶ʿоʦҽԺԱӰǺܴġ
ǲǲʿʦԽڵӰ춼ܴ
Լô׵ؾͱ販ʿоͷΣ̶ʵǾҵ
ôǼʮǰġоȻûΪʿΪʿоʦҲǺܹ֡
̶һϾƣƶ˳µõʿѧλ
ܳɵɫһݡ
̶˵Щǹô
ʵ˵Ͼʿûʲôǣûܶ격ʿΪźһ¡
ԼҪӦأǾܾأ
ܳüͷʣʦðʸ𣿡
ΪʲôϴѧĽǣԸңҪڰҽԺжô£˵꣬͵͵ؿһ۲̶±
̶ԣʱһ΢΢鶯˼Ҳô
ûûСܳɾ̶֪ᣬϽ͡
١̶˰˶ȣԼ˸Ĵָһ͸ˣڵʡҵʦʣΪӹһʼ͸ҡ
ûѡԺѧУоǲʿҲã˽ڣҲҴˡ
Ϊʲô㣿Ǿô㣬Ծֻܰͷͷˡ
˵ˣҾǸˣû˼
ֻϵĲʿоʵѡһŶӼȥо˶ѡ˵̶пһ¡
ҲǾøʧ䡣
Ȼıʡ
ǳʦͷġ
ܳ˲͡
ðɣ̶˵Ҳ޵ƶǿҵ󣬾ôңţ
ô֮ǰ᣿
ҲΪ̫ǿˣŲҵģ
ܳɣ
ô̫ǿˣ
ǱƵ飿ܳɽʲ̶
ʣʾںеһ仰ǣľͷǱƺ͹Ա
̶Ȼɫһ䣬ǱĴƵģ㻹űأҵ֮ҽԺסô㵽ֻǹ飬û˼
ܳһ㲻ٶ˵ˡ
ģֹһε뿪ҽԺԶѧ£һ߾һӣʵУҪܳɾô뿪̶뿪ҽԺܳɻΪе㲻á
ߴߣˮʹͬĵطƽ̨ҰͲһ
ܹߵĿĵҲȫһ

ܳɴΰ칫֮߳һѰܳɸŤסˣܳɸС
Ȩ·龰ȻǼֲ֡
ֻ۶ڰ칫ˣ˭ûԹ緹ҪҪһ͡
գȨͶ߮硣
սȥЦ˵߮磿һ·𣿡
߮ûˮӡûԹġ
߮͵԰ɡ
áȨϻء
⻰߮ˡ

ΰ칫ͨ¥ݼȻú󱳶סţ˿ƿ߳
Ƶ棬ʵʵվŵܳɡ
ʦôˣܳɾƵ״̬ԡ
Ƶ֣أҪӦ̶ͶֵҪɡ
㲻ȥ棬Զֻ죬֪жô
ɳеҽˮƽ;ħȣһβֲĲࡣ
˵κһ档
ȥħģ֪Ĳ࣬ԣϣܳɾôסˣڵһ
ܳɻܡ
ܳô˵ͷʣʦô֪ɳеҽˮƽ;ħȣһ˲ֲĲأ
ʦָɳеˮƽħ;ߣǵأ
ܳ⻰Ȧһ
Ҵΰ£ʲôԻ·ôͻȻô룿
ӦصȻħ;ҽˮƽҪɳиһЩ
ܳɣûȥûʶʵĲ࣬ܺԣΪҪ֪ԵĲࡣ
ͺñȣЩħҽԺѾӦ飬߿˵ðգ
ΪܹܳɽԽĻǳ¶ǡ
֪ԵĲ࣬ĲɲСˡ
šܳɵ˵ͷ
ƵıǺ˵Ƿ㣬ʵһǿ͹۵ʵ
ɣ
ʱ䣬о֮Ҿټȥħ޹Ħѧϰһʱ䣬߮Ŀǰ״̬ȥħʶһ£һ۽磬ÿɺã
ϴѧļҽԺȥʶԼܸ㶨ԼԸһеĶԱȣ
ۼΪʵΪ飬ֻܳԼԸܵ˲һĲ࣬źյľ
ܳ⻰ŵ˵ͷ
ллʦˣʱҲûʦǿ϶ԵĻظġܳ˵
ƾ͵ͷȻһתصϸ£ҼЧѾֳˣתһЩ࣬㲻Ҫúס
ǧǲθģҪϾȨ˵
֮⣿
ˣǵȽʱԼɡ

ô˵꣬תܳ5500߽˰칫ȥ
ܳɿת35002000۾ֱˡҵա
ЦھǸС࣬Ȼ˵˵һǮ3500Ҳ̫ˣϸ£û飬ô˼գ
55003700һ붼9000ˣȰҽԺְԱʻߣⲻ
ܳɽ뵽칫Һ󣬺Ƶߺ߽һȴֻأţĿ϶˵ġ
ܳɲϣʲôʲô飬ʲôǮ
ҶǮûǣ
̫ͬƥĹʣ϶ǻġ
Ʋͬ⣬ܳɾͰ2000˻ȥ˵ʦ3500ٶˣ
˵ܳɲ̰ģãԼûôǮʱ
ֲܳɣҲֻ̾ա
Ȼ˿ܳĽպ1500Ȳ̶500Ҳ֪ܳģǹµôβ͡

Ȼܳɾ泩صȵ˼罻ࡣ
ֵҽ潻ֵ໤ʿࡣ
ȻϺſˡ
˵찡ǹǿƣһ̨ѶȺܸߵ
̨˳УǹǿƵһ̱ʽͻƣΪͻƣҽԺԺ쵼ǿǹǿƵŬʵ
ǹǿȽҵĽµͬʱ
Ϻûаϸ˵󣬻
Ȼ˽°⣬һЩȽʵݵġϺ˵ĺ֮һ
Ҳ˰
ϣ׿ԺǽˣǹǿƵڱԱͬͬԱµļЧи߼ְƣϵٷ֮ʮмְƼʦĽϵٷ֮ʮ塣
ǿûгְƣǻʦǶˣҲõ˰ٷ֮ʮļЧɡ
Ҳ˵ǹǿҪӹˣ
Ϻ⻰һ̶ͺ
żټӹʣ˭ܲأ
ȻϺתһȦͷסǡ
Ҳ˵Ȼ£ǿҵסҽȻֻǹǿƵסҽǹǿֿƵҽǲġ
ǿƵĹ½ЧԺÿ¼Ч500ʣÿ200൱ÿ¶߰ٿǮ
Ǯɿǡ
Щˣʱˡ
ɳ˶ǸϽʣʦо𣿡
Ϻ̻˵о༨Чû𡣡
ʱɳ˶ͶϾ˶һۣᶼˡ
ȨЦɵǺǵģοϾ˵Ͼ磬һоҹ
ǣһ¶1700¸Ǿ5000Իӻˣ
ԲۣǮ
˿΢
77.12
ʱ䣬11.6ա
뷢ʻ9죬ƽÿ֧Ǯ8ࡣ
С
뷢ʡ
ȨͷĹˣܳҲֺǺ
ȨܳɿһܳҲ̫ˣٲ䷹ٶϾ
Ͼңǽ쵽׸˭䷹أ
Լֵ࣬ܳɸԷҪɣ
ϺŲŰĿ⣬ۼܳϣܳµļЧԺÿ¿ٵ1000
ˣʲô𣿡
Ϻͷһһˡ
̶Ȼ
ҲֻЦЦ
ûϵܳɵĻôڼӹʿܶ޴̸жĥɱ¿飿
ġ
Ͼɳ˶ǶΪ㵣ǵľ㵣Ǿܳÿ¶һǧǮ˵µļЧһ򣬾;öˡ
Ǿãܳɸģˣ
ˣֵܹˣÿ²Ÿһǧȴ򷢽лӻлӡ
ܳɸ磬TMȨܳš
ܳײȨһ£ȻϴϲллΣллλʦлл
ﰵһǧ֮ϲõģǮ̶ѾһЩˣˡ
̣

ֵǺĶ棬ȻֵȨ
귿󣬲̶̰Ȼƽƣ㸺𶽴˰ܳɣ㸺ЭͬලȻĲԽԽù
ǧΪùͳӣһҪϸϸģôϸĶΪ
ãƵͷ
ܳҲͷɾʮ㡣
ǵһõƺͲ̶ʵԼνǮ
ȻҪú
ԣ˻ȥң뿪˲ܳɾ˵϶˰Һȿȣ綼һڿԷɣҽкз
и֮ͬͬǰõ˷ǮϢȥһ٣췢ǮȻڿСһ١
Ȩ۾һʮصͷͬˡ
úԼ˹أǰܳɺͶϾֵʱ򣬾ͻԷȴ䷹Լֵ࣬Ҫ䷹
ѵҪƽô
ܳɵĻ˵꣬߮˵ܳɸ磬ҾͲԷˣٿͻȥˣϾ缸԰ɣùҡ
߮Թܿκһ˽и磬ΪСȻʿСŶʮ
Ҳ֪ǲΪʶ߮ʵˮƽȨͲ߮ˡҲûĸǾ͸
ҩ򺣱Ҳ˵ҲڿԷˣҵĲ˶ˣ²Ҳ֪ΪʲôתˡҾȻȥ˰
ã
ȵ򺣱߮綼뿪ʱֻʣܳˡ
ܳҲûòϰߣͰ֮ǰĶһݣúˣÿȥѡ
˿ȣܳɲŵȵ˰ȥֵ￴飬Ȩӣֵ࣬ע㰡绰
õģܳɸ磬ȻˣȥáȨǳ˵
ϾǼодҲԼҪڳԷ֮ǰ꣬Ȼȥ飬ȻĻֻᱻܳԽԽԶ
飬ܹΨһ뵽׷ܳɵĽݾ
ܳĿʱ䣬òԱҪ࣬ϾֵͲøЩֻۻˡ
ÿÿ뵽һ㣬Ͼʮ־оܳɳǰһ߲ʵĴɽ
ȨΪܳǰĴɽѾƽˣֻȥ䷹ȹ·ʣԺ飬Ҳˡ
硣
ʮһʮ
ȨٴذѸ뷹ĺӶ˽칫ҵʱ򣬻ʿվʹһŭ
ֵҽֵҽ绰ˣ˵м
Ȩԣʱɫ䡣
عͷæ˵õģˡ
ȻԶϾܳɵܳɸ磬ˣϾȳ԰ɣȥʲô
ܳϾҲûȨҲ˵Ļ𷹺оͿ
׼ʱԷʱ˯ÿֵҽرļ

Ȩȥ˻ʿվӵ绰ûӣȨеΪѵ˽ܳ˵ܳɸ磬˵йؽλҲ˻ƵǿƲܵȥһˡ
ܳⷹûüһڣ⻰ʱҲֻǷ˿ӣȻҴҷȥ
ܳɵıӰϾпȨ磬ǵڼ˰ܳɸ˵ǿģʵһ϶ûͣ
ˡȨǵ
ֻæҲﲻϰ
˵ţȨͿƾȻʱ˽
ȨͶϾ˿ƣվкʦʦ
ȻȨʣʦ𣿡
ҳԹˣܳأתһȦͷûܳɵıӰ
ȥܼˡؽλġȨص
ƻȻˣŶ
ˣҪؽûǸˣǰ̸֪ͬ飬дҶˣǴûдⶫʱͷ
ʱ˽Ժ춼Ȼ硣
ǣǰ̸ԼҪŵġ
ΪܳɣҲרҵĹؽҽԣһ̸̸©ʲôգǾͳˡ
дˣܳɸѾдˣʦһ£ȨͶϾһ˷ֹһؽûĲˡ
ˣ˶˶ƻء
֪ͬ鲻дģķҲдģ֮ǰҲûĲˣҲжԲԡ
ƾͰ֪ͬ鶼ӡ˳ȻһһϸĶ
ſʼüͷһʣִܳô
ǵģܳɸϱ˵ȥģȻûãͶ϶ȻҪʼ̸ˣܳɸ͹óͬ顣
ûǸʦ绰ܳɸ綼ô˵ˣҲ鷳㡣Ͼæء
ȻʣǲʲôⰡʦǻûͲ̸ģٸĸģ
˶Ͼ⻰֪Ͼѹû֪ͬģͬ浽ʲô˽⡣
ֻҡҡͷ̾ϾϾ֮ܳĲˡ
ǲѧܳǲ
ȫһ
˽һȵôķտʼҲ֪ͬ鿪ʼ㶼û׹һô
øˣôȥ̸ɡҡͷ
ȻɨȨͶϾһ˵ʱ䣬ǵúúôĦһ֪ͬɣȶһ顣
ϵͳԵؿ飬϶ˣܿ٣ѧǶٰɡ
˭סԺҽʦأ
ε롣
Ȼ߳˰칫ң
ѵ˵
ܳƣǿƵѧĲɣ
ûӴؽûôԹؽûһЩϸԷն˽ôİ
һ̨Ҫ˳еǰǣҪϸ˽طգȻܹȥӦķգĻ̨²̸ȥһ̨أ
Ƶѧ
츳еţ˰
㲻ˣܳɵôʼѧϰġ



һʮ £
ܳɴŰ״ӣؾ͸ϵ˼Ƶļҡ
ųſڣҽڴߴټĵҽʣǿƵôǿƵôҪϽˣٵȲˡ
ܳɸæ룬ߵڶԴߴٵǸ˵ʦãǹǶƵģӵ绰͸ˡ
ӸݣƤ΢еڣ߷ǳͷӣ˾Ӷߡ
ܳһָۣƳϵĲ˵ˣгˣҪƽ㿴һǹǿƣɶҪûС
ʦ˫ȴˣܳʣΪ˽Լʱ䡣
λƺƢȽϱ꣬ûصô֪ǹǿƵҾܽĻҽǸģ
ܳϾܵ˲˴ȥˣ΢ɨһȦֲȥ˵Ƭӡ
΢еëëꡣ
½ҫԣҲͨθƵΣ˿̿˼Ƶ֣ΰ
²˵֣ΣǸǿƴ绰ʱǲû˵˺пҪ˵ģǱ߾ôС޹
֣ΰܳһۣ͵ҫ԰ɲô˵˽ܳɣʶɲʲôͨСޣ
ǿܹǻߵá
½ҫǿƽӴ࣬ܳڼѾͬҳ㷹ˣƶԣȴİĺܡ
½ҫһֱôĻҪԿġ
ǿģͷ½ҫѹʣǶܳˡ
Ͼ֣ΰܹõ˽һ仰佱ˣࡣ
ǿס㣬ҲģǼѾܶΣ졣
һ˵ǵܻѾһ£δӡһЩζ˵⣬ܽ
֣ΰ½ҫ¶ŵı飬촽˻ȥ
˵Ҳ㿪Ц飬ǼƣƵĻʯΣġ
֣ΰʯϣ½ҫԵɫʽʼ
ô˵ţܳѾǵ˽ǰ½ҫԵƺ󣬷ֱ֣ΰ½ҫԴк
֣Σ½ʦ
ѾֿˣеŹؽںλֹǼ򵥹ۡ׹ؽڰλ
ǹǿҪڲ˵ʺǹǿƽ룬Ƚҵרƴɡ
Ⱥƽ֮תǹǿơܳƶ˵
Ȼ½ҫԣпߵһֱ֣ΰйǿƵļɾûǿƵļ첻ɲڵ״̬ô
½ҫ˲;Լ˸įϵѹˡ
ڵȿҵ˶һȦ˵ӦĿûʲôҪ֢״ƺתؿҽһ
Ϊǿйۣ԰еһѹġ
˵ĻǹǿƲҪﴦ½ҫܳɡ
֣ΰ⻰üͷһ壬½ҫڸҹĻôе˰
ܳɵüͷҲϸػһȦҿȷǹǿƵ֢״ʱԷգڴһصĴдڻС
ۣؽλ
ᣬǲ֢
ۣܳ˾ֲĴû˼ƶʱ֫ҲûѪ˨
⡣
ǿƱ֢״ҲȻߵ岻ЧܳȻʱȥʱȥĲ
áȷˡܳ˵ˣ½ҫҲû˵ʲôֱȥͲ̸ȥˡ
ܳǼдﲡϸд˹ǿƵרƲ͸Ϻ
д¹ǿƵĻ
ֻǣܳҪ²ʱȴ½ҫڶԲ˼˵ǿơơǵҽˣ˵ǿû⡣
ԣгЩؿҵ鷳ĻǾͲ֪ˡǿƣڱҪ
⣬ܳﰵһڡ
½ҫ²ëô
ΪԱͿʼ˵
Ȼٶһ䣺4.ҿ֢״ɼʱҿƻЭΡ
֣ΰܳôһ䣬üͷһʣСܣǹǿ治Ҫʱ
λĻҲǼķ֮һ
ܳд꣬Ͷ֣ΰ˵֣Σ˵ĹؽλȻҪﴦǲﴦҼǴˣȻߵҲ档
ΪλеһظˣԲм︴λ
ڻߵѪѹȶʶ״̬ڸλĽ֢
֣ΣûĻҾȻȥ˰һڳԷأ
֣ΰҲûܳɵˣһǿƵַλֱ֢ӿԹе鷳ˡ
֣ΰֻϣ½ҫܹϵģȥҹǿƵùͷ
֢飬ڼĹУǲҪҸһҵ˵ʦġ
ͺñȣܳɾһֱûʹҵô£ʲôϵ

ճңܳɾϸƴ˵绰˵˼Ƶ
ȻһÿĲ˺ͼһʣʦ˵㿴Ҵûʲô©ȱô
꣬ܳǰͳһϊ֚һ긾ŮҽCTôߣ
ܳɰѵ绰£ӿ˼鵥һۣװдŵĵַǶߣͶָ˵һֱǰߣߵǸ֮ת
˵꣬ܳûرᲡ˵ĵлȻ˵ʦҸոոָ·û
ҲܳɵĻ˵㲻ˣҵȻ½ҫԴ绰˵ף½ҫʶ
ͬ£ûҪ˼ף˵ˡ
ܳһ߽ݣһ˵ʦţõġ
ֻܳɿ϶˵
סȥָҵʲô֢Ҳǲ̫ʡ
ƽ˵½ҫҲΪһ˿Ρ
ҽܼɲֻǼ򵥵βô򵥣ҪٴᣬС
á
Ҷ˵绰ܳɾ͸ϵ˿ڿලŶϾȨ̸ԼһݺзǱСĵĺи
ܳɼ״ҲǺԾûţѷȥϢҼԡ
칫ǰ칫ĵطȻ̸ǩΪϢԷȻζӰ쵽ϢҲΪ˲ζӲڰ칫ҡ
ܳɳʱƾ˽ܳüʣʦƵ½ʦ˵˰ɣ
ǽˣȥûУҲȷ
ѾȥԸθƵĽ˵ˡ
˵ʱֵ֮ͿĿٴ⡣
ʱǿƵΣҲ±ץСӡ
ֻ㵣μλģǵмֵࡣ
ڵܼ˻򡣡
ǹУҲû
ڼĹУҵͬǻһʱػ㿴ˮƽ
ҲҺͲûֱӵмֵԭ򡣡
Ĺؽƣȥ⣬ǸӵĲ飬棬е㲻̫ˡƳûܳɽ͡
ܳɵݣڻ޷ȡöϤ˵Ͽɡ
ڷ£˺ͼпܴסܳɵ˵¡
ܳɵͷ˵õģʦҲçײ£Ͳʦ鷳
̷˷ۣܳɣﰵǽвçײ
ǽͷڹðɣ
ô飬ʵûҪ绰£ǹǿɶϵ½ҫԼϵɧܹƵ
̫ܳˣС»Ҫ㱨һ¡
֪ˣȻҪһµģò̶ҽʦȥͽ˵һյˡ
ƱˣһתʣҸȨϾ˵̨ؽûͬ飬дģ
ҲǿƵѧģ
ܳӲͷƤͷ
һԾͱֲ
ŹؽûɹǶ˴Упܷùˮ࣬ùˮʹĥǻʱ򣬷ǳпܲ֬˨ҲƵģƿûôúơ
Щϸ֪ʶϸȥĻһ᲻еϸԲġ
ܳɾ͵˵˰ҼǵҺ￴İڹˮ෢ȵĹУӰ쵽֬ȶԣͨڵѪܻع鵽ѪҺѭ
ǹˮؽûΪΣյһˡ
ƣ
ǿˣܳɿ϶ֹǿƵѧϰģ϶˺ܶ飬ֻܳھһҧǿƵѧġ
ͿڵǿҾҪչؽûˣԺؽһ飬˵Ǹѧġ
̧ܳͷһۣûס
ƾվܳ˵Ҹʦ˵飬һЩ̵ƵʦΪȤ˵ԸĻȥ顣
ȻǿƵۺʵȲϾĻˮ̶ڹؽһ飬ʦǻһЩġڵҪĿӦѧ
ߵҲ
úÿһ°ɡգǰԼĵ뷨˵˳
ܳɵʯ
ԭƸ˵ô࣬˼
ȻҸ㷢ӣעһ¡ǿ¸³ٰ죬뼸٣Ҵǰȥһħƽֲɫ˵˵꣬߳ҽ칫ҡ
ܳӲˡ
ллʦܳæƵл

ȵܳעϣ˲λ֮ߵʱ
ͿȨͶϾڸʲôǿעᣬǿܳɺ˵Gܳɸ磬ʦ˵עһ¡
¶ʮţȥμᣬȫҪȥȻҲҪȥ
ɳ˶ûȥȨضܳ˵
ϾתͷȨһۣ⻰ڿ˵ɡ
ȨԹԱ죬ͣⲻǻң
Ѷ
̶飬ͶϾһоȫȨȥ˹ǿǼʶɳ˶˾ϺѧûбϺȥ
಻á
ɳ˶Ͽ϶˵϶Ϻȥ߿࣬Ȼ˵ò̶ΪƽϺӣܳ˿һ
ܳҲԹԵر
ʡڵᱨһôǣΪϾоԲעѣȨܳһҪٿעѡ
ע꣬Ȩ̸ܳת٣˵ʦ˵עˣתİ١ٺ١
ȨЦţ̶ǮĻֵŲСˣȥǿǼʶġ
ɳ˶˶ûĻᣬһסܹȥǺ£൱ǹѳΡ
໥ת˵ʱ򣬿ҵſںȻһɧڰ칫ˣҲǿõٵĲ˺ͼſſӿȥ
ƺΧʲô
״ɫ䣬Īǲ˺Ͳ֮˰ɣ
ܳɸϽ˵ϾȥʦȨӣȥȫ绰¿ܻ顣
ȨѾ˳ȥ˵ܳɸҴµ绰ȥ
ܳҲʼߣһ߿ʼҰȫĵ绰
ҪҺλ
Ͼֱΰ칫Ҷȥ
ܳߵȵתǴͷ֣ô£ֻҵſڣ²̶ǰһ򸾣ҪԲ̶ͷл
ɲ̶ȴͣš
ֻǲ̶һˣµеתͷ˴Ű״ӴΧȺȨæ
ˣλǣˣǧ𷢳ȥӰ첻ãⶼʲôˡ̶һ˵ţһ߰ǸӸǿз
ͬʱȨҲ긾Ů
̶˵ͥڵģʲôأ
Ȼָʵӣжϥлƽ¹򣿡
ʲôȥ칫˵˶ࡣ
̶ϽȰ
ҽԺǲҲãҲã¹򶼲Ǹ飬ʲôˣǱΪһ£аҲ˵ˡ
ǸĸҲֻڼΪ£ܹ̹ȻܶŮĹݡ
̶Ͻ˴Ӻΰ칫ңܳɼ״Ҳ绰ﰲȫֵԱͣûûУһᡣ
˰칫ң̶£ȻöϾǶˮ
æ֣վӡ
̶Ŷʵ˵ϵܣⶼеͿʲô˰Һûǰ
̶ͱʵͽҪ
ϱ΢֣˿ͷģЦ⣬빪ţһǳϵģ
ȻƣǲˣҪҪǸһ£
ʵŽ˽˫֣ͷҡø˹ƵģͷȥƺԴǡ
Ŵһۣ˵ΣȻϲǵģȷǼҵĴ˰
㣬ô챻ͽȥ
Ҽ˵úܣֻ塣
̶Ѿǰ׽סӵ֣΢ȻɴȻѪ͸ӦֻǴԱ
æ˵ôɲУ϶崴ȥƿûУ
ûеĻҿ԰Ǹһƴ绰ǸϽȥסԺҪʲô֢Ͳˡ
ô˵ģ˿ҪҪǱ
ȴˣֻץס˲̶֣ȦһӾͺȻ󲻶ҡͷ
ɳƵؿڣ֧֧ȥǱ߶˰죬ŵѧУһ·˼ҡҲǿŵġ
ұɱһٰҲɱˣȻٳôƽˡ
̫ˣҶȻûµȥ֡
ֻԼˡ
⻰̶Ƶȼ˶͵̧ͷתͷӿĿ⸴ӡ
̶ҲǰԸп磬֪˵ɶô
ЩĻҲᱻܽġ
ֺݺݵشļһƣ֪ܣǰɣҪɱˣô죿Ůô죿
Ů캦µһ϶û˯ţһֱܵܣ㡣
ðɣ긾Ů⻰ò̶ۿ΢еʪˡ
̶ԣ㿴˿ʱ䣬Ȱ˵ϵܣҲܸͬ
Ȼһʱ֮ᵱʱˣҲ㹫ƽ˵ûûˣŮ޹ġ
źŻᣬܲһɡ
꺺˵Ҷӽ꣬ҹŮʮ꣬ĸ鼫áҶҲ£ʱ򣬾յʱһ档
ÿѧڵĩԣܸܿߵķ
ÿһؼҶҴһˮ
ƤȻҲеƤǻû˲ϲ˵ţȻ˼˫Ŀ˫ȻٴβѪ˿
˭ˣ
˾ĽиöӺŮ˭˭ң
ҾûһҾ;ͦáӵš
ſޣ̶˶Ĭˡ
Ҳ˵˵Ǽ٣Ӿǲô£ӳһ𣬿ܾĸѾ˲ĵλ
񣬲ء
Ĭһӣ̶˵һжɰɣɵˡӿ϶޹ġ
ǱԿвҲܸŷɵԼһӴϣԼļͥҲ˰ô㻹иźͺùŮ
ȥúôһ˿ڰɡ
߻иҪܣǱ߻ء̶ϽȰֿ˿ʱ䡣
æ˵Σлл㰡лл㡣
ǸΪûץĻ˵Ҫȫɱ
ûĻҲ
ȥæллġ˵ţҪȥ
̶ȰȻƵҲŰӸȰˡ
ӵıӰ
̶һ
ˡģҪ˵ʲôҶ̨ˡ̶˽֡
ɫһ̶˿̶̲ȴǴЦ⣬̶֪ǿЦ
Σǰ̸Ѿˣļﲡˣûʲô°ɣʡ
̶˷ۣôûʲôأһ룬˶һͿܻܲ˵
Щǹǿûɶϵ
ŶˣƣҪ˵¡ֵֵ࣬ܳһ°ɣһҽԺǱһﲡˣǱһεֶӡ
绰ϣܹȥæ
ҴСܴȥ
̶˵һҽԺɳصһҽԺ
üͷһ壬˼ܶһ£˵ͷõģΣû£￴žͺˡ
ܳɵۺ棬ԼҪһЩ̶ܳɴϣȴԼҪһЩ
ϾҲȥ̶ƺûǸ˼ֻֿ˿ʱǾ˰ǸΣҹϵȻԴ绰Ҫȥġ
ӣҲʱ䡣
˵ţҲܳͬ⣬Ͱܳɸˡ
תͷȨͶϾȻĽС飬ֵˣԺĲ˶űԺĲˣ
ʱúûȥ顣
ҲеɬЦܳԼ֮ǰûԶϾȨĵģ˵ǵӣҲܹǼˡ
أСֻһһܳɰǵ˨ӡ
ֵġ
ңҲ΢еƵǣòܳɣڱֳĵĶеϣסˡ
ȨͶϾСֻСװ˵ͷ
ת߳ȥʱ˼ء
ܳھȻʸʼӴԺˣǵĲ࣬ԽԽˡ
رǶϾо˸ŨΣС

˵ݣ˲̶ĳϣܳɲʣʦҪȥĲˣʲôһҽԺ͹ǿƻֿˣ
һҽԺڲɳصسǣҲ·
̶˵Ϊأ
ҽԺǿƶʼֳˣĲԽԽ٣Ҫµҵ񣬲Ȼһ׵Ļҽöˡ
ڵ绰˵Ǹڹϴ˼ܣ̫绰ңҪ˵˼̨֫ȥġ
ﵥѾǷҽԺҽƣұһʱϹȥģֻǸո⵵£ⶼʮӣϣʱ䣬ٳʲôӰɡ̶Ҳȫ֪
̶ԸȥǸ̶Ĺϵ̫ǳ
ŶͺáܳһȻԺĳǾٺòˡ
ȻóóȻϹȥ⣬Ǿִҵص㲻ӦΥΪ
ԺﵥǾͲһˡ
ֻǣһ̶Ȼתͷ˵ŶˣСܣͿĻʿǲǹϵİ
˵ˣĸ磬ҹȥˣ壬Ԫ䡣
ܳԣصɴ۾
ţܹҽԺԪǳ˵ģԼרҵ֪ʶҲ㹻ʵĿԪ䲻绰Ҳ̫ѡ̶ܳɣЦЦ
ʵ̶ĵ뷨ǣܳɿһĻʿһ˼ҵĹŮڰҽԺ
ǣ뷨˽̶Ҳ̫ñ¶
ܳɽæʣʦĵ绰ô
̶ҡͷҴʲô绰Һֲ죬ֻǺȽ졣

ֵͲŻܳ΢һأӵƢãģܳȢĹһӿ϶и
ֻǹţܳɻῴϡ
áܳ˽һЩ
ͬʱң˵ϵ죬Ҳ㲻֮ǰҲȰٴΣϣҪ
ȻԼѾٰѾԺϣܹ£ԺȰģǰԼѵġ
㣬ʦ˵ˣ֪ûʱƬܳɱ༭Ϣʡ
ֳܹƬٿԴһ²ԣҲǰ׼
ûлظҲ֪ǲæҲڸȥһҽԺ·ϡ
֮Ÿܳɴһ绰
ܣܳ𣿡ƺе
ܳæ˵ң㣬ôˣ
ң
Ұ֣ҰСģָˣ
ѵ
ܳɵֱֻŵõˡ
ող̶˵Ԫ壬Ҳǲ̶ѣҽԺæְԪָˡ
ô£
ϽҵذֻͨδҶϣܳæʣô£㣬˵
ϸܼ֡
˺һʰҸΪһ⻹ʲôҲһ˴ˡ
˶ˡ
ȻͬʱɳصһҽԺҸʹ绰Ԫ˵ҪԷƣȥ
⻰϶ûȥҸѾˣ˵üá
Ҹҽȴ˵ҸܲãҪ֫
ʱҰ־ˣҽԺʱ򣬲֪ʲôʱһѵ׼
˵⣬û˵ȥȻֱ˵ص㡣
ȻͬˣȻƾͶϵˡ
ҰֵʱŻˣϽҽԺˡŵҲ˹ȥҸ绹ų̂
˵ҡ
Ǿ
ܳɴ˿ҲüΪۡ
ԭͥһȺʲô˰ôô壿
Ͻο˵ȱżûôءҺͲʦѾϹˣȻҵңٸ㱨ðɡ
ְҲ϶ǹġ

Ȱһܳɹ˵绰
̶תͷʣʲôҲ
ܳɴ˿̺ܾᣬ֪òð˵ԥƬ̣ʵĸףԪƸˡ
֨
̶ԣ˸ɲ
̶ܳ˵ͷײǰ粣
洫ƿڴmama bioῪ
εεεεεΡ
ߴͣ
̶ҽŲֱӲȽȥ
Ȼһ߿̶ɫһ߷࣬Щ
ֵģһĶʲô°
ʲô˵㡣
ܳǾͰľһһʮ˵ˡ
̶ˣʱƿڴǲԿе󲡰ҽˣǲʩиjibaϵ
ҽԺǲˣҽ͵þȣ
ôѵſȥģ̶ʡ
ܳҲûֻǵͣǱԺҽɣû˻ỳᡭ
ºڡ

һ·쭣˵³֮
̶ֶפȻƿž˳ܳ˵ȥԪ䵽Ǹʲô
أܳһ㶡
ڹ£
ԪʱٿûеĻǸծӳ


һʮ ֲ
̶֣ﻰⶼóز١
ܳڲ̶ݣһߵʦҪȥĸ磬ҽ˵һΪɡȥԪʦ
ϾﵥѾˡܳɽ顣
ϣ̶ǰѳꡣ
̶ûؿܳһۣΪʲôҪȥûǩﵥûǩ֣ʹˣ£
Ȼô˵̶ֱӸҽԺҽƴ˸绰ԴصƳ鷳һһҽԺĻﵥ˵Ϊ
ǷĿˣҽԺƣǹһƣμŵġ
ãΪҽԺҵϣͲ΢ӣ֮⣬˾һæõǱߵĸл
񣬸ԺڰҽԺΪԸ⿴顣
ڲ̶ҪѻﵥܵʣΣʲôҽԺǵ¼ֵܵλðæĵطҪæİ
Ȼ֪֮ǰ̶˱֫顣
ֳҽԺﵱأȻûܰѾֳ̱סܹסһѾǾˡ˵ϺϵǸӢۣá
ڲ̶Ҫܾ϶ǳʲô顣
̶һذŵݣһſˮƳҾܵɣ˵߲ҲҽԺڲ˵ҺˣСԭ򶼿ԡ
̬ȼ
áΣæԼġҲû˵ɶ
ԺĻﵥᷢȻҽԺһֵָĻﵥҲҪָԸԸȥġ
ⲻǰҽԺڲĲˣ̶һɾͿԾܾ
ȻܻӰ쵽ֵܵλ֮ĹϵҲֻز̶Լ뷨
ܳһԣͣû˵ʲôˡ
̶Ҷ˵绰󣬵ˣ̶ܳɼȥһһֱ˵ݳء
˶δ˵ңҲ¥Ķ¥ܳɺͲ̶˵ݺ󣬲Ŷܳɽ͵СܣҸոû˼ֻ治ԸȥǸɵƵĶӡ
Ȼ֪ӽǲˣ˺ѵĲˣӣԼ޹ġ
ĹϵҶԣԪˣ˽ڹҶһʱȥ޷
ҲԸܵطƢզզġ
ܳɿ˿̶˵ͷ
̶һˣֻܳɺٿ̶ʱ
ðɣԪ䣬̶ĹϵԲǳ̶ƽȻеͣϺҲֱֱȥ£֪˵ģ
ΪԪ䣬Ȼҽְ𶼲ˡ
ʲôʲôʲôӦáȫûˡ
ҽԺҴͬС죬϶Ǹ¥룬ԵܳɺͲ̶·¥ʱ򣬻һ̫̫ſڴ

үϹͷҪ£㣬Ͱҵ߿
ĥӺҶǸô


ӦԪĸףʹȥ̣˺ѷΡ
̶ûֱ֮ͣǰ绰˵
ܳ΢פ㣬΢̾һ΢΢ҡҡͷͼ˲̶ȥ
ܿ죬˾ҵ12䣬棬һһš
һȺİȥлʿںѾѪˣѪûУ߹ӶˣҪ롣
ǩ𣿡
Σ̨ǣ

̶ţȻ̨ԣ̨ϵӣɫذףüͷţƺڵʹʹſʼָӡ
ܳɳûҲһλδԪ䡪
ţֵѾеֻʣƤţָָؽڴָڶָǣбϡ
֮⣬ֵҲǲȶ˦š
ֱֵ۴һɼǵ˿ں
ﱻˣֱǱɱ˰
ܳɿ˺۾΢գգͣôϣֱۣ˺ü¡
κһҪֱӳŲӣԪľϯͿԿʼٰˡ
ԪֵǸ˲ţܳɲ⣬Լ˶ûϵȻĻ̨ϵģ᲻ԼͲ̶֮һˣ
Σˣ˿̣Ԫƽţ˿ʼ˿ڽųϴǴȫ飬ҽҿؽű۴ֻƺûȫ
ʶѵģ˲̶־ԵС۾˳
Ԫ⻰¿ü˲̶һۣæÿѳϴĻԼ¼ֱӣΡˡ
ߡ¿ȻҲʶ̶ģϾͶɳعǿȦӻ죬̶ͷ߳˰ҽԺҽԺ˽⡣
̶Գ¿ֻԵͷʾ⣬ȻԪ䣺Ԫ䣬ʲô
ô
Ԫһɫ԰ӣ£ҽ𶯣ٶˣ
ԪϽֱЦ˵Σ˼Цˣһ߰㡣˿ڡ
ΣҪȥֶӣȡ
ҳ˺ģ׸磬СһﳤȻѾɼңѪŨˮʵԪ䶼ԸţˣԼ羹Ȼܰѵ
һֹһΣ
ҿƨ̶
ƺҲٶ˵䶯Ƭ̣תͷʳ¿˵ΣԪǴԼ㣬˸㣿
¿۾գգСأΣøô㣿ǿƵĿǰеֻһס
Ҫ崴֮תȥ
¿̶֪֪Ԫǲ̶ŵýˣƽ໥߶ࡣ֮ǰԪֶ֮Ԫ䶼Լ̶ĵ绰
ȻĹǿƷ˿ƣҳ¿ڵĹǶƾǸ㼹⣬Ҳרҵ
Ƕֲ¿ְƽľǼϡ
̶Ҳֻһеһֻô죿
崴֮תȥӰֲĿҴ绰ܲ˹æ
̶ϵˣΣеҵһеûеĻܲҽԺһ׹
϶Ҫͬʱ
̶ֲָǲᣬǻԭ֪ģԽԽá
¿һڣϽͷԣҿԵõСʱͿԣҽԺǱ߾һס
ƣרŵег΢ƵеɳصһҽԺҲˡ
̶˵绰ƺԷ·еԶôģʱûգɫ΢еѿ
Ԫ䣺оﲻôԼҽ˸ºڣԼûˡ
ԪҡͷƵҽѾˣʱ˸ظͷCTûз˺ͷˡ
Σûʲô⣬ҪȥֶӣԪ˿
㻹̶Ԫһ䡣
Ԫ䶯ŲŲƨɣϾҿųİ岮縸Σ鷳ˡ
Ҫ̶Ҿ
̶ԣֻ㶵һָԪͷ˵ʵ㣬𶯣ȥ
׶Ƶģ翳ʱ۾գġ̶졣
ЦҶûЦҲ֪һ˲ô
Ԫ仹Ҫ˵ʲôʱ򣬲̶𿪿˵ȥ𣿡
Сܣæһεָӡ
ܳɾ͵˵ͷԹԵ˵һá
̶ûһƵ˾˵ѾˣԸϽʼˡ
¿ſʼȻֻܹʣҲֻܷɢ飡
ܹŸˣһҪڲֵ࣬ԪڲϣĸڻڶԪֶӽɲֻˣ
Գ¿㿴ܳɣʣСܣ崴崴ԱȽϼ򵥣ҸŸѲػʿ𣿡
¿Ҳ˿ˡ
Ƶ崴ҪΪĬϣˣ֣ܳʹܳȥֱˣҲҪܿ죬ֻҪֹܹѪʲôľ㹻
û취ȻԪ䱻Լֵܿˣȥֶˣǲջ
ֻϣ̶ܹ㻻һ˹
ܳΪһ£Ȼ˵ͷ
˵崴ĻӦÿԡ
¿˵ãֱ
Сܣֱ۵崴ϱϣλõ崴£ֲָ
Ѳأϴ绰һƵĻʿվ˵һλˣһҡ¿ԸһϿʼĲ
Ѳػʿ˵á
ǹһƵΣ¿ǹǶƵΣҽԺľǣǹǿƵĴΣҪֹܼƣûֿ֮ǰȻȫܵġ
¿ֻǰԪֲųɫͱˣָϵָָֻСָʳָҲпˣ˹ͷˡֵƶûˡ
TMжĳ𣬶Թ¿֡
ѲȻԣҽϾԪ仹ŵġ
¿ߵĻܴ̱ͣ
ȻʣΣ崴ˣҪ΢еô
ãȻҽԺһˣң¿ϷԸʱ򣬲еҲãҲãԽԽá
ڲ̶û֮ǰֻԼͷȥ
Ÿտʼ¿˿̵Ķͷϸ֮Ӧģļͬ£Ҳˡ
ɫأҲܳżһһġ
ﶼúܡ
ԪĿǰƣܹκãƺͶֲָȥ
һڿƣһӵĹԪڲʮ꣬ҽһƽΣкܴռ䡣
ƺͶֲָܻܲһܻܻΪ֫
ˣָȺ͹ܣҲ϶ǰ
ûȵ֣ǲΪҽġ
ҵķΧһʱеûκλӣҪеҲֻϸһ仰ӣ߼
Ԫ󺺣˿̵ɫĲڸǣڸһر˽ܵĿռ䣬εˮҲǻ£˳Ŷ̨ϡ
벻ͨ
ҲûףΪԼֶӣ˺üСʱûԡ
ܳɸֱ۴ǼżŶͷȫϣ˿ڿ࣬Բû˼Ŷ񾭡
֮ǰϴⲿ˵崴ͷ򵥵ġ
ֻܳҪ崴ú󣬰ѼĶ϶˷Ϳԡ
ܳɴ·֮һʿܳɵĶ棬ȻϸضڱԺСҽٲȻǺӡ
ȵ֮ܳܳɵ񣬷ǳƺ˫۾һһ㣬е죬ǣҽغ˧
ãܰһµ𣿡ܳɶʿ˵
ԪǱԺҽʦ˽Ļʿ䱸㣬ĸʿԲʹеʿһѲأӦùˡ
ʿˣҪæˣ̨
תȥһŻе
ܳõӺذ˺λãһͷ˰æĻʿ
ٵԼ
崴κѧĻܳ崴Ѿǵ
ܹܺõжϸôȥ崴
˵֯͵еû֯͵
ѪļⷢĸʼԱе⻵ӰϣͷŴļɵƽҡ
еѪ˵ʱڻָ
ˣֱܳԲʼǻļ⣬Ҫü⵶ߵ絶ģǶ̫ˡ
ֻԲĻԵе
ͺǸڶһ
ѶĻʿŵˡ
ԲۣСҽô͵㵱ǲгⰡһ⣬׬Ǯ
еżɿ¿ʱһ˶ãذæ鲻աĳ¿ضŴ˲λСҷġ
һܳɾȻֱǴ˿ɹܵ״̬ˡ
߰˷Ӻ
ߣ¿߶ƵһһعѪʱܳѾǶеʿҪˡ
⻰ĳ¿ͬʱһ͵ֱӣܳ߿
еʿǱԥ׸òøߣ˳¿
¿۾гһߣ۽ǵβҲ¶ܳɣЩ̫ȻʣСܣ崴ô
ˣԲĻָҲû̫氡
ٶԽ죬͸ȾĸʾԽܳڵܴܲﵽı׼¿Ʋ
˭ԼΪʲôȥ崴
֮ûֱ׵ؽΪ˸̶ӣϾǲ̶ġ
¿Ҳܳɵٶȣʵ̫ˣСܣ̨ѵʱ϶ܳûҪðһЩҪķա
ֲָûʱԪֲ̨Ҳʱ䡣
ܳ˵ΣȻæλһãе۵ģ
ߵ崴Ѿλˣ̽Ŷ񾭣㿴Щλãû˼ܳһһθ¿
ѾΪ룬崴λãҲѾѪˡܳɻعο˼Ķ棬Ѫ
Щɾ䣬˼·Ʋڸ¿֤ѧƵġ
¿ű죬Ȼͷȥ
ûʲô©Ҳ˵ܳˡ
¿ֻܵ˵ͷ˵ҲУȻСֵܸæ
ѲػʿͰѷߵ˹ȥ
ܳɵķˮƽɲͣٶȸǲ
ҼķϱȼķϸӲҪرĽˣܳΪ˽Լʱ䣬еʿߣųǯ߼תʽͬӼ
ֲֻķӶ࣬ܳɰƤˡ
ûнʲôݷϣֱӾǴֱϷϡ
ʱ
һܳɰ崴λʱ򣬳¿ߵ΢е
ܳɶеʿе±Ƶվ߻صΧ۵ĻʿŶУһĪȻ˿ҵļʱ塪
000825
˷ӣ崴ϳꡣ
ܳɰû̫༼崴֮¸˫ףλ崴ΪϽľϴֺͻףΪ˽Լʱ䣬ͬһ˿Բ·뻻ס
ȻȻȻؽֵ˳¿ϴλãҲڰ¸˿
Ȼܳɱλؿų¿崴ܶ
ûһ̶´ſ˽пһ˵ΣƣҪԼˣҸոմ˼绰
Ǵ绰ԤԼģûҽԺΣѾڸ·ˡ
¿ǰػ˰ءתϲ˵Ҿͷˡ
˵ʵҪ¿ٵֲѹģԪԼֵܣһ˲صĻ治һ˵
ܳⲻĻѳ¿һ
ΣֶǱߣôԪ˿˲̶Ͻʡ
ûʲô취˨ˡĥȡѪ˨Ҳﲻʲôæ͹ˡ
ֶӵͱҪãϵʡҽѪƵĽڣ˹ȥˡ̶̾һ
Ϊ¿ںͲ̶˵ԶǽסģܳɾվȻߵ˲̶Աߣ˼䡣
̶С۾һͫײгһߣǸֲָ
ܳ죬̶ѻ˵ˣҲֻܽȥҲûʲôõİ취ʦһɣҾӦÿһԡ
¿¼⻰׷̧ͷ̶ԵܳɣԿ΢е崻
̶ԥʱ򣬷ԪƬ̺ҧ˵Σ鷳΢еɣΣҲˣսΣ
Ҷˣ㲻Ҫ
ԪãȦڲŵĲ̶Ա֫϶ԣΪȻ̶Ľʺܹ㣬ҲڻôĲ̶ƨ
Ƶ㣬ĶֲָҲû˵ҵʲô
ԣɵȵðһ
Ͼ̶Ԫ仹˽ģΪ˿ţýѣԸҲΪ򣬺һֽʵ϶еġ
ԪԿڣ̶־˿ܳɡ
ûǴĻܳΪأ˵Ҫʲôʱ
Ӧеף˵Ԫ䣬ĽûãɱҰҲɩӸ״ʲôġ
϶ᡣ̸⻰ġˣԪ䵱Цˣȴɬ
ʱ£ҶֲָԽԽãʹ120ȥϴѧҽԺˡ
̶ȥϴִЩ¿ҲֻҽѲػʿ˵Ѫܷߡ90롣
¿ȻֲָǻԭģȴѪܺ񾭡
ܳԣȴ˵ΣʦĶָʱ䲻ָѪܵ飬΢һȹ̶ָǰɡ
6Сʱڣȹ̶ͨѪ˵ġ
¿ûֲָĹؼѪܵķϣҲҪģָʱ䳤֫Զ˵ȱѪʱҲʱҪȻָѪˡ
ԪǷǳʱҽдģԾͿȹ̶ָǣȻȥѪܷ񾭷ϵ顣
¿üͷһ壬ķܳɷˣʵΪе㲻̫ˬǵոܳ˵ĻʹܳһԣһУ̶϶Ҳһʱͣܳɵ
ǻλðɣСܡ¿
ȻܳԸ㣬Ǿ㣬ܸʲô
ֱ̻ܳߡ
ָĶ϶ָָؽڴָڶָǣ
ֻܳǴɨһۣ¿崴߰˰ˡ
ȻȻҪ޼ԵȻϵʱٽС
Ķ϶Զ˵ĶָԽԶˣԽýжϹǵؽǶ֫Ļ̫󣬷˷Ѳٵʱ䡣
ָǣ뼴ɽй̶Ĺͷ
ܳɵŴſĵ꣬һֻǰָĶ϶ж˽й̶ֻ΢΢תһȦʹָԶָ룬ֱӴֱŽԶָǡ
ָҲйۣƵԭȻá
λι̶̹
ǹ̶ĹߣλһĹؼֻܳŶָŲƬ̣ԥٴν롣
һֱ˽ָǣٵָؽڡ
ܳ΢ҡһ£ȷ˹̶֮ܳɱֺѲػʿ˵ڶ룡
ϵ˵ָĽָؽڴ룬һֱѿ붤ƹǵǹǺ͹Ǵ
ָؽڴһ뻹Թ̶ܳٲ෽һĿ룬뵽ƹǵͷ״Զ
̶ܳǵٶȣֱӾͰѳ¿ͽŵĲ̶˿ˡ
ڳ¿ܳƵġ
̶ǣô
̶߽׽סܳɵ֣ˣ
û˵ȴܳɵͣһʱ䣬Ȼſʼܳɹ̶ĶϹǡ
Ȼ̶רƵģǶԶϹǻ̶ָȣõġ
˽ӽʮӣ¿Ҳ̶һڿϹǵĹ۶϶ϲλ
Ȼŵɫе԰ˡ
͵˫һվȻһ
޴ǣŵץסԱߵǣ
վ
Ⱦˣ
ǸƵ
ʦΣʲôûҵ
ȻеؿʼѪ
¿Ͳ̶˿꣬̿ʼǸȻ߳ȥȥϴ֡
һĻҵ˶ˣȻ֪ոճ¿Ͳ̶˰ԪĶָ֮󣬱ųġ
ܺﵽʲôɿģʲôֲ
˿Բ̫߹ȥ
ܳû˵ʲôֻǼԼ
ʼǰѾҪȨޣǳ¿ģȻѾˣҲûҪ˵̫ࡣ
ûˣû취
ܳԲŷѪܡȷϼ죬ȷϼĺôܹѪṩ֯ڷϡ
˳볤ʱĶֲָ෴ġ
ʽԲһɲ䣬ܳӵĶֲָȻǵһãĹͱ仯ġ
ңΪϰܣܳɷѵĹɲСемܣѵ
ϼ죬ܳɲȡٴõĸKesslerϷ
ָļΪָԼƲָȺ
ָȺֿԷΪָǳָ죬ֲָԷΪԼཡ
Ҫϵļ١
࣬ѵ㣬ҪѼϺãϵǡô
ܳɵļȻ
⣬һȥ׷Ѱ
ּ죬ֱСcase
̶ͳ¿߽δŵܳɣڿܳɵķϺͷƤܳѾϺõָָ켡ķϴûҵ϶
Ƶ̫ˣϵ֮䣬Ǳ߿ƼPSߴ
һأ΢׼ûŵ̫ءʵʵȻʼܳɰæȶָԶ˺ͽˡ
ߣ
ߣ
ߣ
ÿһ죬ܳɶûȰѽˣȻټȥһķϡ
ÿһ죬ÿһߣȻ˷ѣǣȴԸӽʡʱ䡣ҶͬʱᣬԸõؿƴɽȣ÷ϵĶ϶˳ȺͷɽȲһ¡
ΪȺɽв̶ȾͲһ̶Ȳһͻа͹
͹Խײ̺ۣ
Ȼ̺ۿ϶޷⣬һʮһ㡣
Щܳɶԣ⡣
ˣܳһʮСķϺ󣬲ſʼᣡ
꣡
꣡
ļٴ
ʱ׻Ҵҵشſ˽սſھʣ¿Ԫô
׻Ϳ˳¿Ͳ̶ƺЩɵ۵ؿǵĶ棬һԼˣҵŤƨɣɫβڲͣذڶš
Ҳû׻Ļ
׻üͷһ壬ƤǲҿˣǾͿʼأ
⻹ûأͿʼˣ
˿ĵ绰ġ
˵ʲôÿģ
ֻǣ׻ƶλÿܳڲݺ󣬵˫ŽӲˣǰߵȴûüסһһ
۾˫۵ɴ˺üȦϸؿܳɵ˫֣ڿٵػŶֲָԭ
ٽжָӲָ崴ÿָǹ̶۲߻߷ϼ졣Ǻָָָ񾭡ZηƤ̶
û´ĻλѾɵĲǷϼ졣
ɷϼ죬Ӧ΢͹ƽô
ϵˮƽ׻һãȻ±ơ
ƣ
ôôƽ
׻ʮ꣬Թ٣ʹûܹѼϵôƽġ


һʮһ һ֣
ôϵôƽģıƲӦǰ͹ƽô
׻ܶȻһ߿ܳɼһʳ¿λʦǣ
ܳɵĲ棬뱻ڵסֻûܳɵβƣ׻ȷܳɵӦò
Ϊܳǳ¿ʲôڡ
¿˿̰һֻ˫ĿضܳɷϼĲ
˼ǣҡ
Ҳͱ죬ų¿Ŀⷽȥ
ֻܳɴ˿̴˿̶Ⱦͺñϵһɲ
ȻܹǡôذպǸȣüκεĻһܹʹüö϶Ǻһ
ƵĲùҲ¯ླˣ
еһһ꣬¿֡߼һһͷ
Ȼ֮ǰϵļһƽ죬˵ǰ
׻һڵԿ˶ѵļ죬ǰһĻԭĳ棬ӳ˼ܣȻһͺú󣬾˿ķ϶׵ƾԲ
ϣףСõܶϣҪȫԭֻ֮ܳС
ܳɿһۼˣ˵߽΢˵㣡ĿһμøһЩָ߽ᣬҪô
¿΢һܳɵĳ嶯
СӺڵ˰
ģӼ߶ëˡ
⻰ò̶׻ΪЩЦ
̶æܳɵһ£˵˵¡
ʱ¿Ż׻ĻΣλǰҽԺĲ̶Ρ
Ȼ̶׻붼ûȴܳɵķͷˣŶ˵˭ԭǲ̡
Ųſ¿ָġ˼ԼкĶ󣬲ǳ¿˵Ĳ̶
ʱһʱеΡ
ܳɣǲεѧ¿æ׻Ρ
׻㺰һܽڵģֻһ֣Ǻˡ
ܡ
˳¿һֵۣһڳ¿Ϲţ׻ŪƵġ
ҽ׻ĥһС˶ܳ˵
ǹǿƵΣ׻Ρ¿ܳɽ׻ݡ
ܳɵĶԶ٣ʦá
˵žҪλÿȴ׻˵ҽ
ܳ˵ʦ
ҽĹΣȫˣһ۾ܿó
ҪôܹͨĲʮ˳
ֲָƵרҵɳصһҽԺûּǰҲӴҲ̹һЩƵרң׻ȷԹױȳԹλҪȷ
ܳɽļϣԲȻԼκһļϲ
һֻĵĴǾܳɷϵøá
ôõļϣÿƷۣԼȥʣµѪܺ񾭷ϵĻֱ̫䲻ܳɷϳѪܴˡ
죬ֻѪܴ
ֲָ֮ء
ϹǵĻָͼķϣһĹǿҽȥò˵ܴܲҪѪôѪ״̬ҪһѪܷϵΡ
ָ˶Ļȱ̸˶ˡ
Ѫ˷ˣҪ񾭷ϵΣĻʧȥָ֧ȻֻǰƷ
ܳɰѼϵٺãϹǻָٿ죬񾭺ѪܷûλôǾˮﻨÿá
׻ɲܳΪݵ˵Ļ¿úøŲκҽѧȥϴˡ
¿ͷܳɣɫ֣أܳɵϹ򣬾Եһʦֻͺ΢е㲻϶ѡ
̶˿鼫ã˿ܳ˵Сܣ۲ۣҪҪ΢һ
ҽ֪Ʋǣеۣۡ
ΪҪϸ߶ȼУսս
ͺñȣҪü׼ɶ԰룬ʮ۶ˡ
ܳһ˵ʦΣǼɡ
ȻͷʼõѪܶ϶˸Ū˳
ָָѪܺ񾭵ζָԲָ࣬жָ񾭣
ֲ֫;ķ21
ָϵĶô㡣ʱͲȥ̸ʲôָжķ֧֮ˡ
ֻڳ¿ͣܳɲһ룬ŵɫٴβ԰˼֡
ΪȻǿֻܳ΢רõ΢һָָؽڴ߲һѪܣͷ·ǰװֵĸһرܳ˳
˵ܡ
һ˵Ѫܣҵˡ
⹦
װ
ܳһһװֵѪָܴԶָؽڸܳ˳һ£ܳɱʦһ¡
¿˵ɣΣæСܷϣҺö࿴
һ£֮ȷѪܣҪѪˣеǣָϵѪܷϣܵȰѼͶϹǻָ֮һѪܺ񾭡
Ҳǰסһ˻ǰ÷߸Ѱңܳûһ
¿Ϊİܱ֮һ̰ܳðû뵽ܳѾ˹滮ˡ
ֱͳ
ǲ۾ȥƵģ
ôѪܸ˳¿ûܳɵǴ϶˸ġ
¿ע˶û̶ҲȻҶ۷̥ġ
˰ܳɺ̶æʱ򣬲̶
ܳɼԼȻûӦظһʦæ
̶ŶܳɻĿ⣬ƺ˵ʦϸܲܰң
̶Ͻܳ΢޳ӣҸŶôܲܲҪô
úǸ˶һ
ܸܲһ㷴Ӧʱ䡣
ⲡ˵ѪŶᳵ·
·̶ԼܻҪæ˵øȥſһ£ܳһҰ
ȻܳԸһʮΣȻһ⵽ǲָжǲˣѶ;쵽һȥˣǾе㲻̫ˡ
ܳˣ
ȫǿNMBݡ
̶ܿͿ˸Ӿ˵һĻ
ֻܳɺһֳϸ΢Ѫܷ룬ѱֱǳСָжŪһҲ֪ǲ¿ǾĲΡ
ڷֱ֮Ӵӳ¿΢߼ˡ
¿ܳɾԼʼ
¿һһ£˶ûע
ֻ룬Ҹոպ߶ˣû˷֡
һ룬룡
ָжֱޣܳһξֻ룬ҲҲˡ
̣Ӷࡣ
ʱȥϴֵ׻û
ܳɹʼʩؿʼˣǾ

ķӺ׻ϴִ£׵ʱ򣬷˲̶ͳ¿ɵãͣգգţܳһַּߵġ
¿㲻æ
ţ׻Ȼֹ
˼գգ۾һ۾ѭ˼ʮ޾ԭѹס˱ܣǰֹסˡ
ȻٿܳģƺѾ񾭷ˡ
ǣ׻Ҳ˺ͳ¿Ͳ̶˵۾һˣbulingbulingС۾
ʣǲи̬ҪҪ
ط֡
׻һٻعʱǱߵܳɣѾָĳ߲Ѫܺȫˡ
ƺĿдؿ˲̶һۣеʿ˵΢ǣ20ġ
ܳҪƤˡ

׻һͷ޲ҴTMȥϴֵĹ񾭺Ѫܷˣǹⲻҿզģ
̶ͳ¿˱ܳɵϣҲǸԴӶԷпƥޡ
ܳɣҲѡ
磬Ƕֲָô򵥵崴ϣܲ˹һ㣬һ¿͹ʵ
ܳɿûʱȥ¿׻̶߲ô룬ǼԼĽͲ
Ѳʦٿߣ
Ѳʦ¡
ѲػʿʱҲע⵽̨ϵ䣬Ϊ԰֮ǰܳɶֱϸ㣬ʱ¿ڴָ
ԱߵҲڴ϶ˡ
ڣܳɰѶָˣϾҪȥֲˡ崴û׸꣬˵ǹ̶ˡ
ٶȣֱǰֺ˶Ŵ
ΪʲôأΪעˣ¿Ҳãǲ̶Ҳãȫ±ƣҲ֪Щʲô߰ģȻ˱ơ
Ȼע⵽˳¿׻Ҳ¶ãȻȻı֪ܳɵĲҲʲôġ
̶ʶǳ¿ǹǶΣ׻ǹǿƴΣܲã
򣬰ճ·ܳôỹҸ㣬Ҹ㻹ô죬׻ͳ¿ͷƢֱӰ˸ϳˣֵõ﷢
ո̨ܳеʿ˿һߣճյؿܳɡ
û뵽Ĵ͵СᣬûΪ㣬ӦòСӡ
ھȻһ̨Ĺǣ¿ڸ־ˡ׻ǿƵĴΣҲһ±Ƶشܳɣֻһıݡ
ǳ¿׻
ҽԺĹǿ⣬λô
ڣ
˭
ⷢʲô
ģ
ôdiao
öӿҲʣվеҲ˵
ԱߵѲغȻƣĲ˵ȸ㿪һߣҵĴˣҪȥⷿá
õģлл̫żܳɼŷϣȴǷǳȵص
Ѳػʿ²ۣƭӣż
֮ǰ˿뼡ķߵĻⶼϵĵʮ߸ˣڣʱ˵ż
Ҳ
˵

Ѳػʿѷ߿̨֮󣬺ò״ӿ߽ⷿ㹻Ѫܺ񾭷֮󣡾Ҹǽߵλ
ֺܳѲʦһƤķ߰ɣ0ĿޱǾͿˣ
Ѳػʿʱˣ˵õĲأϢһ£ֺҡ
˵̨ˡ
Ȼվѷߵݸܳɡ
ܳƺûҪӷߵ˼ǿ򷢴Ĳ̶ͳ¿ʦΣܷƤȥһ¶λá
ƤһȽϼ򵥵Ĳ
ܳԼ϶ԣ˷ʱ䡣
¿ԣϵͷԣΣȥҽȥưɣҺηָͺˡ
¿ʶԼ̨;Ϲˡ
׻Ȼͣ˵ҪҾͲ˰ɣó¿һ˷ˡ
Ҳû˼ڡ
һߣֱܳӿʼ˵ˣѲʦٿߡ
ĸѪܷߣܳýߵĹ񣬾ֱӽǷߵ;ԼôΣѲػʿҲܹҪķߵͺš
Ѳػʿᶼˡ
˵õĲأƭӡ
ǣˡ
ڵһεķֱ֮ӳܳңҵ˻ʿ
ʿܲҸ˰ң
ʿһԼ˾Ȼ޿߽ˣϾʹվߣӾֵ顣զĸ۵۸ˣߣ
̨ܳѲػʿ飬ֻеƽʱǳҲÿɰеϼȽϲϴֺѲػʿ
һԪǳҪʿŰң
ǣԵĻʿ۸ˣŶҽŶӾͲһϵͳҪ˵Ҫһף˺ҽ񲿳һܶˣ
һʿɷػӣϽ˵۸ңǸ̫ˣҸ඼ϣ
ʿ̨ʼһ·ܣϴ˶ӦһֱҪתеɸɣˡ
˵꣬͸Ͻתܻȥ˵ʿҪǵú˰
ʿһŰֽĻʿѾɳȥˣڵҾĸʿ
ǲˣԸϹȥ׼Լʶ׻ͳ¿׸ʲô
Ѳʦ΢Ƿʿ߽һ
ʯ˼ѽſ鲻ңҿһȦòҲû˵ƢȽϻ𱬣Ǿѻ˹ȥˡ
ʯ˼Ϊʿȷ涨Ҫѷ߼ƷڷŵģԺܿҵ˿΢Ƿߣ̨ȥ
ܳɿ˿΢ǵķߺ󣬾Ϳ̶ﲢûаָƤпڸ꣡
ܳѾٵˣѲʦ鷳ҰֹѪһ£
ָָָܳѪܺ񾭷ϣоܹ鵽ľѪ˵״̬
ٿһעַ̨ܳԸ
ʯ˼ѵʱüͷһ壬ô죬ߣѲػʿǻǰɣ
ǿǵڱԪ䣬Ҳˡ
ҲȥעˣӦעˡ
ܳɵֽӹ۵ֱӾԪֵָָԶָ˼£ѪǺϵúõĻڵĿӻѪ˿ڵĶ϶ˣѪѪ
ڵѪѹǺܴģпûϺãǾѪġ
ʯ˼߲ſٵذֹѪɿ֫ѪӦͻָˡ
ȻܳɾͿʺɫѪָðëϸѪڵĳѪС
ôһҲ͹ˡ
ҽˣѪǺϲּ顣
¿һĻٿ˿϶Ѫͷп
׻Ҳż⿴˿ܳɽָ۾ת˺üȦûҵʵشʣֻ˵ǰ͸
֮ܳҲûţֵΣܲ鷳ҷһƵƤҸѧϰһ¶ֲ
ȻܳɰѶ֮󣬾ֲƤʼԲˡ
⻰üͷʱһ
ָϽ˾ջ״ЦΣΣϰɣǹһʦƣ𣿡
Ͻÿ
ֲָĸӳ̶ҪСڶֲǣֲָĴʣȴһ߹ֲ
ܳôѶԲദˣڼȻҪתսֵС
ѾܳɱˣԼҽԺΣˣʲôŲµģ
Ʋλÿ֮׻Ҳʮб˵Сܣλʱ䣬һв
׻һ˵š
Ա߳¿Ͱո΢ϵӺͳСصݸܳɣȻȥ˼ܳɡ
ܳɿ׻һۣҲ£˵ͷ˵ллΡ
Ѳʦ鷳ٿķߡܳɽֿ֮ģʽ
ļܳɲţԲĶָͶƣţСԡ
һӿھʯ˼üͷһ壬׼ڣͱסˡ
С˵ʿҽʱһӿʮߣΪ˽ʡʱ䣡
ֻʱ䣬ߵǮ
һ߼ʮǮһͨ˿ܶ㡣
ʯ˼Ҳ΢˵㡣
ܳҪķ߶һһ̨ϡ
֮ǰ¿׻ҲֻѶֲ˹ؽԼŷ˲һǰܳɵ˼·ôġ
Ҳܽ׻رˣƵĹ̶ͷ飬ٶʵȽֻǺֲָܳе㲻ˡ
ܳɶƵĽʹﵽָƵĳ̶ȣں֮ǰ֫ʽṹĶˮƽԣڴ϶˵ʱҲʮֵ
ΪƵλڻڸ˳ָ֮⣬ĴչĴƼĴĶѣ
ƵļָļӴ׳һЩ׳ļҪȸϸСļϸһ㣡
ΪȽϴ֣ڱʶλҲԱȽϹ̶׻ôҲƸô꣬Ҽ϶ûģ׻ĸ£ܳɷϵٶȣҪӿ˼֡
ķ룬ܿٴ꣡
ܳɸᣬ׻ߣֻ߼ߵĹУ׻һͣǾеš
ôѵļ죬ô̵ʱ䣬ͷĲܹе󿵸ô
ǣܳɵķϹ̣ȫ̲ģȫǸKesslerĿǰٴϵļʽķǶ޷ﵽ󿵸ѵЧĻķʽҲ޷ﵽˡ
׼ķϷʽһһۣҲûʲôԵĵġ
ܳɵֽټϣҲֻǶʮӵʱ䣬ȻѼķϾˡ
׻ֱһ漣ǣֻܳǰСʱʱֲָѵͲ漣
ܳڲŶʮ꣬׻֪еϽڣѵͲ漣
Ȼѡ漣ŵף׻Ҳû١
ֻڿܳɷϵĹУѧϰһЩСɵģ
ֻźؾãܳЩϣûʲôĪļɣֻķ϶ѣֻܳɰٶ˲˼ĲΣ
Ҳ׻󲻵ġ
׻Ȼ󲻵ܳɵĶֲܹ֮֫ȫǿŻ
Ҷֲ֫Ҳûνľ
ѲʦѪܷߺ񾭷ߣ
촦񾭺Ѫܵķϣֲָԭ۾ô򵥴ֱ
ǣҪãϵĹ
СܣҪֿŷһ°ɣܲ΢ʡһʱ䣿׻еѪܺ񾭵ķ߿̨󣬽
׻Լöˡ
õģΣҸ߲ģ㸺İɣܳɵ˵ͷء
ܳɺ׻⻰¿ʱ˷ۣﰵֹ˵Σ
Ǻαأ
һˡ
ʲôŰ
Լˮƽû취ܳγĶԱȣǿܳɵˮƽжţƵô
׻͵˵ͷãҷϵÿ϶˲øҽֱӺλͿˣһжֻΪ˸ʱ䡣
׻ǾͿܳÿӳԷһذѪܶ϶˸һȻٺ̶ʱ̶ǿʼϡ
׻϶ܳģǣԼҲԼѪܵľ飬ˣܳɿ˵һѪܷ֮ѪܵĶ϶һʵʵؿʼ
һ̨Ͱϻ
׻һͰϻĻôܳɾʱĳյؼֱˣ
׻߶ſʼҵѪܵʱܳ񾭶ˣ
Ȼܳɲûİ׻ϿذѪܶ϶˺ʷϵλã˵Σɣ
º͵ؼֱһڽѧϽڡ
׻ʮˣȻܹŵ棬æΪдߣܳɲѧһ¡
ԪѾǽӽβ
׻֣˵ͷ˵ãҿʼϡ
ƽЩҪǣȴҲһ˿˿滺
׻ʲôڳһɽ壬Ŭʵš
˻һľһ
¿Ͳ̶һĻ˼Կһۣ
ʯ˼ֻǾãǸǲˣԻһˣ
ʲô˰ӡ
׻ǹǿƴΣǶƵĳ¿ϸ˵Ҳ׻ѧ
һһ١
Ӧϴٵģڷ˹
ⳡ棬͸Եùˡ
ʯ˼߻һЩ˫֣ѹʵ飬˭ôǰû
Ҳ֪ǹǿƵԪĲεѧǽʲôܳʲôģκͲζСܡһ£˵
̶ѧ
ʯ˼֮󣬵ʱסˡ
⻹ǸѧеӺʵô

׻ܳɵİæ£Ѫܣһ֮󣬾ͺܶµذ߷ˡ
˵Сܣʣµɣ۾еˡ
ʵ׻ۣܳõ֣úɣֻǾԼλˣ
Ҫֶ룬ܹΪԼҪѧϰͷԼֵƷⲢʡ
ܹмηϻᣬѾǳˡ
ܳһ׻΢Ϊ𾴺õģΡϢһ¡
ҲͰٴν˹ȥȻٻ˶ʮӵʱ䣬е꣡
ٴμֲ֮Ѫ˵ʱЧҲá
֤׻Ȼٶǹ׻ǷǳʵģҲӡ
ˣ磬ͣˡ¿ָͷϵѪǳضҽ˵
ҽһµͽ𣿡
ţҽ¿͵
ãѲˡתȥǲתȥICUҽϽʡ
Ԫ˲Ҫǿ
ˣյ׻ǹһΣǹǶƵԱ
ԪߵļͨûоҲֱӾԪ䵽׻
͵ǶưɣúչԪ䣬һҪСӦ׻
¿һ£ǾȷǿҰɡʦǾ̨˰ȻһȥԵ㶫
ҽͻصʲôǸǿˣ⻹ֵأ˭֪滹û
ԼȥԺúȺã´һȵ㡣
ֵ࣬δ֮󣬼ûʲôģȥ䡣
Сʦˡ¿˵
Ԫ˿ڲſڵΣҽҵллǰ
ţԪ䣬ˡ
¿ԪļȻƶ˵Ҫúõظлһ²κҽڣܾܿͷϵˡ
ǣ̨֮ҹԼúã㲻ûлؿĿԵġ
ԣллΪġ
¿˵֣ص˵
ԪĬˡ
зһУˣȻʱʣѹĵסΪˣܸߵ˼·ƣȻѡţôŵס
ֻǣԪû뵽Լֻѡҽȴ˻еĻ
͵ΣҽҳԺ֮һһʱ䣬ŵлԱԪˡ
̶˵Ԫ䣬úϢúÿġԺӻ˵ɡ
ʱܳɲͻȻ¿˵ʦΣҪʦתȥǿҰɣ󿵸ָһЩȽĵطǵ
⣬ʩ𣿡
ʩأ
С¿ͷ
ҽҪҪԪã
ܳɵͷƵãָļϺʹãԿ̾ЧĿǰû֤֧֡
֮ǰû˵ΪڻûʶûбƹԵʹá
ǣ֪ܳ
¿׻ɫһ塣̷Ըȥá
ܳɵôã϶ں˵
ԭĿҪרŵָ󿵸õģҩ
һʼ㲻˵Ŀ
繶
ܳɣȻֿ˿̶ζ˵Σѧ˲ã
˴Ĵָ
̶һЦ
˺ܶ࣬ǫûãԺҪκͳЩǰա
׻ͳ¿ɫһڡ


һʮ ˵
ܳƣҪǹգⲻô
̶²ǾˣԵóˡ
˺ЦͷӦţֻܽ˵Ժ󻹵öͷ߶а
׻⣬̶ȻСǰȦﲻ죬Ϊ֪ǲ̶˵ĽȦܹ㣬˵ȾƺͷƷҲãоƾܺȣѶࡣ
̶ȴֹǱŵֻӣԺܹɳнƵˡ֮ã׼ԺռȻ
׻š
ûȫԪȴͻȻͲ˵ΣܲҽȥֶӵͿһ۶ã
Ԫ⻰׻ͳ¿˵ɫһ䡣
׻˵Ԫ䣬Ƿ㣬κҽŶӣ˵ʲôأ
̶ΪԪģܶģ㽲ζòã
¿ҲǸϽΣҽѾǶ˰ɣⶼˣǸϽȥԷɣ
ѾСʱ
ڼܳɲһֱûЪֲ֫Ͷֲֲָ崴ϵС
Ȼٶȿ죬ʵʵضλˡ
ۻˣҪܳȥǲ˵ˣֻǵʹ
̶ɫһȴЦƵʣԪ䣬˵ʵ⺢ǲ˽ӣģ
ԪĵصΣɱ˵ֿǷ֮°
΢ʽֻǣΣҾãµֵܣСûϵҺ˵ҶǱˡԣ
̶ԪڽЩʲô̾һ˵Ԫ䣬أҲͲ㽲ʲôˡҾֱӸ㽲
ȫֻǿϣֶ˭ȫ
Ҳ֪ƽΪΣҾͱһ
֮ǰϾ㿪ˣȥˣˡ
˲Ⱥ˵ס
СȥҿԴȥֻǣ̶ûʣµĻ˵
Ȼ
ʹȥɡ
Сܣ߰ɡ
˵꺰һܳɣȥˡ
ΣΣԪŲ̶ıӰ׻ǰһ£û̶
ܳɸڲ̶һﲻƾ̶
׻Ȼ߻ңԪ˵Ԫ䣬Ǻαأ
ֶӲƹϵȫ档ֻ㽻ãǹ⣬Щ£
ǰˣǫ̂ϵģ
ʱһٶȥǿô
ǵðһ飬˷𣿡
ԪƬ̣̾һΣ²˭ԴѾĽҲ޷ٻٴԺȥ
˿ңһȦˣﻹʲô齻飿
Ҳֵܵ棬ҲҪһĸϣҲֶܷб֫Ļ᲻ܵġֻһ˿ϣ
˵⣬Ԫɫƣ鱾þʱ򡣲Ҳ
һȥȻӴ֮޹ϸ𣬵һҲˡ
ȻӴ֮ٽദҲñʲôˡ
ҳɼãҸѧȥ顣ծűͦ۵ġԪƽһֻȻ
׻Ԫô˵Ͳ˵ˡ
˿࣬ĪȰƣδ£Ī˵˻ơ
Ԫ䲢Ǹɵӡ
¿Ԫļ򣬵úҪ̫࣬յüá
δûлعٴʱ򡣲Ҫ˵ɥֵܶġ
ﻹλá
Ԫų¿һ·ʮ꣬ҵҵڿҿң˵ļôտ¿ɿ
׳н飬¿ԸԪһλڿҲá
ллΡ
Ԫĵл¿δȥǸ׻һ˲̶ȥ䡣
̶ܳɣʱ򣬾ͿˣǶƵˣѾڽ֫ˣҰ֫ĹǶζȡɹ
һߣһƵҽڷѪпȡ˨ԣ󺹡
ܳɴ˿ʵöЩտգ˾ѹס˶⣬ʲ̶ʦߴǸʲô
̶˵ǰз෢˨һʱصľѪ˨
ûй״βѪ˨ҲûнѪܣȻĻҲû취ȹ
ΣѪ˨Ѿȡ𣿡̶ܳɽ꣬ƵΣ
ɳһҽԺѪƣơ
ȻֻƵΣʵθεѪƣҪ㣬ҵ㣬Ƕرͨѡ
˿ͷǺתͷȥߵ˵һº
æƫüб
öͷֵĺҲ˲֮󣬲üͷԲ̶˵ΣѪ˨ȡˣұߵĹɶ˨ҲȡˣεѪԲֻͨܽ֫
֫ױס˵׼ھر
˵ţ΢˵ӣȻŤŤӣ̾һ
ķ;˿ֻǿԪͬµӣǿ֧š
ַµѪ˨˨Ķ࣬ǰCTA
ܳƬԿ
Ȼ˫ɶԼɶķ֧ڶԼڶķ֧϶Ѫ˨
ɶԶȻ޷Ӱ
̨Ҳǲš
Ѿȡ϶Ѫ˨ڶѪ˨ʱûȡ
϶ڶѪСֵܣûͨĻǺҲ̫ãΪ˱ҲֻʱίһСֵˡ
̶ͷ˼ܳߣܳɣÿԱ֫𣿡
ܳʣھ˼Сʱˣ
˫֫˨ʱ䳬Сʱôý֫ǽ֫ɣˣĻ֯һѽʹлһžع鵽ѪҺѭ˾ˡ
ٹעˡ
ĸСʱһ㡣崴֫ĹǿƵļλʱѿرȽϾ׼
ǻԳһ£ٶȿ죬пܵġѪͨһ˲䣬Ҫʦˡܳɿ͹۵˵š
ٹעˣɲǿЦģҪ˵ġ
һܴܲȥȫҽ
Ǹҽüͷݺһ壬˵˨СʱٹעڸҳⰡ
ͨѪǰȸ˵һҲðһ¡ҽЦЦѹ˵
ϴ̨֣ɡ̶ܳ˵һĶԵһ
ԣתͷʣΣ˵С֮ǰҽԺȹֲ˵𣿡
ǵģĽҲǽ֫ˡ̶š
ҪϢһ£һ󣬾͵ǸСܿˡҲиת
ܳСӣǿСʱ۵òᣬͣܳɳʱ䶼Ҫ϶Ҳ۵ùǺˡ
Ҳ͵˵ͷʱܹٺòˡ
ֻԼЩСᣬ̫ġ
ܳɣ
Ҳֻҽˣȡ֫˨ӡ

⺢Ϊܵˣ崴Ѿˣǲ֪Ϊʲôз˶෢˨
ұ˺󣬾ͻӦԵʹѪҺ״̬
ܳɺܿϴ̨̨ϵĲȴ̨ϰܳɵæ
̨֮˸ͽĵ£δ뿪̨Զ
ȫˮ͸ʪһƬ
յķ£е䣬ȴҲ΢һЩ
ܳһ·ף̵λã˿Ľȡ
ɶѾǱ¶˿ҹɶ˨Ѿȡǹ˨ӡ˿̱¶ķ΢е⡣
ܳɽӹһһ˸֮
S˼̣ƺҰһӸЩ
ˣһһԸпԭ¶ʱ⼸λøõ㡣
Σոո˵Сܹȡ˨һе㻳ɣڣˡ
ܹ֪ô¶֤˹Ľʣ֪¶Ľ·ڿЦ
̶ֻЦûػ
Ҳֻ˵ܳ˱֫ûۼ֤ﻹеġ
ܳɰҰƿĺܵλͬпڣܳ˲ͬı¶
ƾǱ¶Խ㣬ҰԽԽ׽С
Ȼܳɵ˫Ѫǯ֪ôģͶƿ˼֯Ȼܳɺܿѹɶķ֧˳ΪѾ˹ɶĽˡ
ˣܳɲĴѪ
ҹǱͳģôĶ
˻δüӦ
ֱܳü⵶ƿ˹
ٶȿܳĲһݣ
ĻǲôذѶ¶ģйɾ͹񾭡ѵΪܳǹǿƵģĽʼΪϤŸô󵨵ô
ǿܳ˹¶ҰȻֿѹͳҪ˵ġ

ڵĲ֪ԼܳǰǸܵܣһƵĵܵһƲ
ƾǻߵ֣ҲԪĵĶӡ
ܳѪܼаѪܵĽĶ˼ס֮ܳɲûֱӰѹϣһӣȻѵܸ˽ȥ
⵼ܵʱܳɾʮ⡣
ɳصһҽԺ˼˵˼ȻаҽԺûеĶȡ˨ܣ
Ȼʲô߿Ƽͱóеȡ˨ǾҪ֪Ҫݶٱˡ
ȡ˨пȡ˨һֹԲ䣬øӼˡ
ܵļ˲벻ʮӣ΢һתܳɾҵܳȻȡ˵һѪ˨
Ѫ˨˿Ѿ΢ӲͬСĻ
ͻٶȣֱе¡
ܳɶŵĲ˫ֽӲסSǺ
һּ裬ٶȺ;׼ȵĴһʼͽȡ˨ĻСӵȿܶסˡ
Ȼ˿Ѿȡ
˼ӡ
ǻӣҲǲòϵĲࡣ
˿̵ͨ죬˿ɫ֣صĲ̶֮ģҲǸ̶֮Ļˡ
ͲƵѪƵ˼ʱ
ܳɶһȡ˵һѪ˨֮üͷһ壡
ʣΣ⿴ǹ˨ӣ
˨ӲͣزĻô֮ǰCTAͰ׷ˣȵ˵Ͳˡ
ܳôʵʱ򣬲Ƶ˼·΢еˣǣС˵ô
ֲС
ǶҵĻ˼άƽ϶ͽˣ첻ҡ
ſҲֱе㲻ԣ˨ӲֻôС
ɫҲ̫ද˨ӰɣûôСܳɶһ

ڲදǹķ֧ѪܹǻҪϸһЩܳ˵Ȼ㲻̬Ⱥ΢еô
ҲҿֻǾһ˵ҽȡ֧˨ӣʵе˼
ǰҽٵѪ˨ȡ˨ɣòܶԺܲԺܳɶһҽԺ߶
һõܣǰü⵶⵶пȡ˨λãԲ̫졣ܳɺȻػظţȻְܿදѪ˨١˳
桤ٳѪ
١
̷˷ۣܳɵĻûߡ
ŸǶ㻹ü⵶пȡදѪ˨
ôȥëϸѪܶļ⵶пȡ˨£
пȡ˨һڴ
ڲදǹķ֧Թɶɶ⶯⶯֮ܶܶϣǸ
ܶ⶯ɶڲද
ⶼǵķ֧˰
ˣһϲװƵˣֲҴֻ濴
ܳһεȡѪ˨ܳɸ˨ӵȡʱӦǸպôм˨Ӽб˵ģ˨ӡ
ԿܻһΡ
ģȻϽˡܳɵı΢е㲻̫⡣
Ͳܳе㲻̫ʱ͵ͷȥ
˻
ҪҪôдܸа
ȡڲද˨ӣжôƫ֪ô
ܲܰѵȥ֪ͨˡ
ô˵
ˣСܡ̶ܳɵ˽ż⡣
Ͼ˵ˣҪӦġ
ܳɴ˿̿϶ҲǶˣҪǸ̶棬һ̨֪ʲôʱ̨
ܳȥӦԪ黹Ҫġ
̶ƽͲĶ
̼˶ĲӵתȦȻͣ¡
҃ˣɳаҽԺƽʱôô
ֶ˨ӣܹȡһࣿ
΢ϸѪ˨ʹӶѪ˨ȫ顣
ƱʵΣλСҽǹǿҽѪƵҽô
ôʣҪ⵽ǲһʵܳӵôһѪȡ˨ȴǸǿҽαذ
ӦѪƵһô
ܳ߻ȫעڲදѪ˨˨ӣûлػ
̶˵ͷ˵СǻҶпȡ˨ҲǹǿƵҵΧڡֻѪơ
ܳðڲදʣ˨Ӹ˳˵ǰпȡ˨ֻǹǿƵII
˭˵ģ
ΣСҽɲһ̫Ưˡ̸߰һ
ãԼ˵Ļûˡ
̶ܳһֱôĻҪһ¾λŮˡ
ȻĻ·
ԣҪϽܳɵޣ²Ƶ˱̶ѧʦ
ίԱּ湫IIǼЦˡܳɻˡ
ܹٷ
ʽ
ɺܳ֡
ڻͲܷɡ
һ͡
첱ӣһ̨Ƴ˼ۣ۽Ƕס˹ǿֱֵĴ󵶺ͼ⵶е絶
˼ܶ
ֻǣڲ֮ʡ
ܳǱǳһȡˣڶڵ˨ӣӦò
֮ܳǰˣ϶˨ȡˣڲදڵ˨ûȡ
һŻ
Ů·ֵ㡣
ΪֵܣԲҪ·Ů˵Ҫ
ԲҪСֵܱҪȻŮ˾ҲԼˡ
ܳɵĻֱӶѲػʿѲأһѪˡ
ѲŵƤһ룬һϲ󺰣ѪˣѪˡѪˡ
˷ܣ·Ϊ˱ѪǸ˵ĳһ
һ϶ֹһΡ

ܳɲûеȣǼŹɶԶˣȡѪ˨
Ȼһεȡ˨Ϊ˵ܵĲ룬Ȼûϴȡ˨ģȥһһ̽ˣеڣܾȡ˨һܳɵѪ˨пȡ˨
˵ֻܵ߾ͨ
ԣܿһεذͰȥ
ƺ˶óˡ
ʱķѲ֫һߵɳصһҽԺĹǿҽûǫ̈̄Ƥ
֫󣬲ж˿϶гѪƤѪ̫ʹġ
ֻǣǵĽ֫ʱ򣬾Ϳܳߡ
֫ˡ
ǽһͷ󣬶һıʮ־ʣ
ĸӣдһ顣
ɲǡ
˽֫βҶλ֫ˡ
˵ɺϲ
ʵǻĶԱȣһͬͬʱ֫ĶԱȡ
һܱһܽء
һұһҽء
Ҵææذһ»֫Ĳж˺󣬻̨ſڣԾø⵰ۡ
ΣλʲôͲ󣬵ȴ
߽֫ţǱ߰ȱסˣⲻר𣿡һҽֹﲻζоոҶȹһ͡
һƬ
˵˵Ԫйģ˲˫ȶˣǱסˣʲôã
˵꣬θпһ£ԪɵǺ˺
κСҽߵңƾû֫¶ˡ
пΪɻ
仰á
һҽʣôȥƵļ˵
ʵ˵סһȣҲһôȥ˵أ
ߵſڵʱ򣬾ͷ֣׻ͳ¿ˣſڣƵĸסûڽʲô
֮⣬ԪһˣѾſˡ
׻ͳ¿Ȼ̫ҵԱƵĸţҲֻܺؽ˵ȲñѾпҪ֫
ķ̸ˡ
Ƶĸǽץס׻˵ΣΣΪǸ쵰ҽԺҽ˾Ͳҽΰ
ģƿһϵûа
ΣΣкãһҪҶӵȸסˣǺ¡
׻пǳ鴤һ˵㣬Ϊ˱ʲôҲҪú룬ǿƵԪΪʲô˵ġ
˵ʵȻƵĸײԸô
ǶֻҽҽԺͶǲˣǲΪʲôƫ̻ͺñԪ䣬ûΪԷֶӣͲģȫȫؾΡ
Ŀǰ˻˿ң״̬á
˵⣬׻ֵԴƣҲԲΪƵĸף˺ǿҵְǲľǳ飬Ҫ°
׻ĽͣҪҲǺƵļҲԪģ˭֪᲻ַ迳ˣ
ȻˣץסûҲãֻԪ仹ûҽԺ˾
ԣô˵ʱ򣬻Сĵؿܡ
׻˵ţܾ˳΢ֵ߳󣬲ûͳ¿׻㱨ҲƵĸ׽˵ǾȫҲֻܱסһȡһȣ֫ˡ
ûΣգƺתICUյĻܿѹ
ֻסһȣƵĸŵһ̱ȥ
غţƶƶӣӣG
ɫʮֿ
סԼĸ׺󣬻ҧҧ촽ʣǲȥˣ֣ȥҸģ
ԼҽԺģԴһס
ԣЩΣ׻̻Ļ
εһʱ͸ȥֵ￴Ԫ䷢Ļﵥǲ̶Σ̶γҲࡣ
סһȣҲǲ̶δܳҽʦ֮󣬲ŵÿձġ
ҽԺûҽʲôﵥһҪϣҽԺûġ
׻֪ǻʿ΢һ㣬Ǿ΢һ鷳ҲΪѲ
ԱҲ
˫Ŀ
ĸȴҽΪʲôȸҶڸʲô
Ҫȥǡ
ҪȥǣҾ֪ҽԺڸⲻҶӵġ
ǻ䵱һҽ𣿡ָ׻
׻ӲɫƵĸһ֮󣬲ſڵ㣬ҲǿԪɩϣҪһ䡣
ҽԺ˰ҽԺĲ̶ǲԸûԸѡ񣡡
ܾ˸ӵûǩﵥֻԪġ
֮ҲԪ˲ΣŴӦȥһƵġҪ
Ժרң룬˼ҾԸġ
ĸʣƾʲôΪʲôһڱĹ˵ʲô
Ǽֱǣ
Ҫ˵ʲôʱץһ£裬ˣûõģѾˡ
绹ҪסԺҪַ˲á
룬֮ǰǰֵĻڣأ
Ҫʲôɨ˼׻ͳ¿ˣȻƺ˺ܶ໰û˵ڡ
񣬿׻ͳ¿΢еɵ
ջӲͷƤʵˣβûǩӵĻڶֶౣסһȣǽ֦Ļ
ʵ֫Ҳü
׻⻰ʮֲ˵⻰ȴŰ͸Ůŵ
òײűסһȣ˵ؾͷ̻̱ڵأȫʧȥ˾˫Ŀ񣬱鷢࣬һ仰Ҳû˵
ɷˣڲ֪ô
ӽ֫ˡ
˶ӵˣȴЧãһԼֵ
ô룬ôζ
ΪʲôԪ䲻Ը
ΪʲôҪȫȫȥѶԷκð
׻ͳ¿˶ߺԼĸףȥICUſڡ
ʱĸףҪסؼʱʲôݣʲôֵܡǿסģֻԼסġ
Լĸͷ˵裬תԺȥʱ򣬸˵һ仰
Ҿúе
ҸǻŹأǿͬĽԷûʲôмǮʲôĺ֢ǿҪȥ
ǲŽһӶˡ
Ҵңҽ߲ҽҽҽסҲԴĲΪԲŸطѾˡ
ŮתͷȻؿ
ô˵ĸ׶ʱ
ҲҪ˵пԼϰ֣ǺԼĴһƢӣ˿Ȳá
󰡣ĸŮͷʹ
ICUſڣȴֹޣҲڿޣһˣǿ޵øģܿѹס
ܳɿ̨ʱѾǰ˵ʮˡ
ǰ󱳡
˻̨ɷϵʱ
̨·ʱܳɾֱӳҽʦҿһƿǣ̲סˡȻҲǮ
ܳ⻰ҽһܳɣȻ̸ܳɿһƿٲκҩˮ
ܳɽӹֱҵĺߵ塣
һܣһѵһֻףȻƿţѪ߰׵ǣףһǣ͹๾͵ع¡
ʵĸоƺԻһ
ҵĺţվһȻССڵżͣȻ¶ףһƨ˵ϡ
⶯ҽ΢еĪ
ֹô۵ÿô
̶һۣſڣܳһ¶ߡ
̨ƣָһ̨֫˳ŶӶʮСʱδظ
ʱԽʡȴһܲ
ǵǮҵȻתǿƵ׻ġ̶û䣬ƺǳӡ
˶Ȱ


һʮ ڸʲô
Σҽû˼ҪȻģѺȰ
ǧϽȰ˵
һƿˮȲ˵ֵǮֵǮҲ̶ֲ͡
̨󷽲֪ܳɲԪǱߵ;ûͣЪͱԪ亰ߣûʱȿˮĹ
ܳɺͲ̶ԶǿͣҪǲ˵ҲԪġ
ǿƺ֪һЩ࣬ǰɫеΪѵ˵ΣԪתȥϴѧҽԺ飬ʵҲı⡣
Ԫ˳ˣߵˣȥҲǲ̫ʵİû˼
̶֪˿˵ԲֻΪƵĶҽ˵ǵĻҪΪԪ䡣
һҹӵȲᣬò̶ܳƱ֫ͷǲ̶Ը
˵ܳɸԪ˼õĶֲ֫ܳԪȥҽԺ󿵸ġ
һת۵ãԪֱתȥϴѧڶҽԺôҲЩӲţ׳н˼
̶һֻۣ˵ҽҲùʲô
ϴѧڶҽԺǰҽԺ߼ãǻǳϵģӡ
Ԫȥĸ֣Ҳõѡ񡣡
øõƺͿ
˲̶⻰Ҳ֪ȥᣬֻתƻ˵ΣκͳʲǾԱ㷹㻹ǻԷ㣿
д֮˶ӣǻЦġ
̶ԷˣȻС֮ܳҾͺСܿȥˡ
ɫһ䣬ӲͷƤ˵Ҿ͸κͳλһȥ԰
ɳصس
·ɳϽһ򣬾벻ԶҲͰСʱĹ
ˣԼŻʳͺá
Ͳ鷳κͳˣҺСܻܿؿԣ֮ǰֵֵԼ˵ġȻΣҲΥԼ̶Ҳû̫Ϊѣֻ˸̨̨׺ͽڡ
̶̬ȼܾͲö廰ˡ
̶ϤԪ䣬̶ƽȽֻ׻ͳ¿λΡ
ˣҲֻܰѲ̶ľر׻ͳ¿
ֻǰ׻ͳ¿Ԫ󣬾ͻؿȥˣ̶Щµҵʱ򣬲̶ѾǴܳɻ·ӵ³⿪뿪ˡ
ţ뿪ʱӿտգδ̶ʮǮͣѡ

ΣǻҪδ绰𣿡¿ɫ׻
׻̾һ˵ûʲôԪô£ٴ绰ʲôãѾŵԪ佲˽鵽Ϊֹ
㻹绰ⲻòΪô
룬ǲεĻҲܡ
¿Ҳ΢̾һ˵ͷ
Ҳô̶ֻǿԪӣֻԪӣԪǰȴûѲ̶¡
Ȼ׻ȼһ̣кų¿˵ֵ˵һɣȻһԷȻˣһˣЪЪ
̶ųܳɾڸʻϣŲ̶ɫ
ܳɱ㽨˵ʦҪǻλãϢһɣ
ʻ֤ܳڸбҵپõˣֻһֱû·Ż˴·仺ȥûġ
̶ɨܳһۣɫתΪû˵㶼һˣոյѪ˰ɣһ㿪
Ѫֱʹȥ˽ҳֲǽܳͻȻ˹ȥ̶ɲûضȥ
ܳҲͲǿˣЦŵ˵ͷոǾͷеΣ̫ˡ
ȻԺóԵģȾơ̶𽥻
ҲƽúûҪԪԪô£Ժһծ
ֻǳ˵Ľ飬󲿷־ǿŸָծάϵţԻǿ˵мѡ
ɢȥؾͳİˣҲ١
Щ̶ľѲ٣нȴࡣ
Ĳ̶ſʼ¿ʼܳɣŲɫʣֲָʲôʱѧģ
̶ԽԼܳɣǰԼܳɿ˸ͨ͸ǰνĿ͸ֱǸЦ
ܳɲǲᣬûȨѡ
ҽѧְ֮ǰȨǷԵǻ
ܳɱ㺩ЦŻصϿһЩƵѧϰʱ򣬿Լֲ֤֮ѪǺǺҲIIͶһ¡
ڴ֮ǰ
̶ûܳɰѻ˵꣬һθܵƵĵޡ
ô֣еIVIIˡ
㷭˷۵ˣ˵ɣҺúõؾһ
̶˼ң֮ǰԪҪתԺȥ𴦻ҪΪҡ
ֲ֫ӱ˵޷ǾǶϹǹ̶ѪǺǺ崴
ëô
ûëίԱɵôһIIһ𣬾ͳIII
ҲܳɵĶֲ֫ɶȺ󿵸ЧΣֻҪܹţˡ
ǿǶֲָ
Ŀǰÿؼܹɶֲ֫ΣǺܶࡣ
Ԫ˵ѣòˬ
ɺܳ˵˵ͱˡ

ɳصһҽԺ120ת˳ϣԪüͷ壬Լͬ²ͨŵĵ绰֮ʵţڻɳصһҽԺô
ƣôˣô
绰һ棬Ĭһ󣬶ɫĮ˵Ԫ䣬˵ˣ׷ԪĵΣѾܹòˡҪĻԼҺ
Ҳʲô˵ˣԺ֮Ǿȥ֣ѻˡһһҲƽ
Ԫ˿¶ƣӲͷƤͣţҲǶ͹Ҵǰ
ԼԪĵ֣Ǵ磬ĶԪĺˡԺ϶ҪϽġ
˵κλǼ޸Ԫ䣬Ǽ޸塣ϱĸ֮쾭塣
ֵܹɩ֣ÿ໥Ϊˡζ㣬û̫ءҲ֪
ǣԪİϹһӶˡԺ磬Լ飬ϡ
Һ˵һ飬ԺҪԪļཻԼ飬ֵܣҲǼһ£˵
ٸɱˣ㶼ǰۡ
Ԫģƣɩӣ˭˭һëǮϵûаֻҪҺģҹ
ңټʣҾҪشˣҲʲô֣绰һͷԪţ̬ȼ
ҲԽ˵Խû֣̫ôƶѡ
120ȳϵһЩͬ£üͷһ壬ҲûԪ֮ˣͨ
ҰԪĽտԪ֣ǾǶԷļһҽ֣һϵ֮ǰǾ˷롣
ûԪԪĶϾѾ֮ͨˡ
ܾٻشκԪһҵκ飬Ҳ֮С
Ԫ̾һ֪ԼԼһҵĸңӽ𣬱һ蹵ⱲӿҲպϲϡ
Ԫ仹ǾãԼžʹƺСΪЩȡ塣
ţºСһʲôϵԪ仹ҪȰ˵һ
ӵ飬ΪʲôҪ̯ôӣǰڲѵĹϵûɽ
Ԫ䣬úùأͺúˣԺתڿƣڣһ˺úù
ֻű˼ҵĺӣԼĺܹΪ׼ԺΪŮ׼һݷļױ𣿡
֪ŵöôǵûпʲôˣ
һ㣬ӽԪôûϵϺӡðɡԪţ롣
ǣԪҪ˵
ٴǿƴϣֵܣ˺գۣҶӺŮʲôأ

ԪҶϵ绰֮󣬿Ц
Ժ󰡣һߣԼֵ֣֮᳹׶ϵҵҲ١
ԼĶŮȥԪһĻôСһ֣ҲͶϵˡ
һųֵܣֵֵһͶϵˡδ顣
Ԫǣ120ȳϴѧҽԺļƵʱ򣬵ȴĴ˸硣
ԷҲû˵ʲôֻذæתԺ
ȵƹ˺ţ˻Ϊ֮ǰʹкԺܿʹ˵绰ӦһʱϵҽԺ
ڼƵȴҵֵҽԪֲûѪһƺҲû
磬׿ԪתͷԼĴ˸硣
׿־ͶԪ˵ȺúǸŮˣŮӾôĸ˲ôࡣҲҲֻ浣㣬Բ˵ô໰ġ
ΪԪĴ˸磬ȻҪ˵ԼãὲԪĲԡ
Ԫӽǣ׿־ҲԪʲôԡ
ĸһ˵ֵܽãʱûôɣѵҪԪ俴̨ϣʲôܲô
ʣԪĶŮˣҲԹ۲ܡ
׿زСĵ˺ҲŮϡ
׿־⻰ԪΪеΣ磬Ҿ׿ؽʵеǲǺ
ǿ϶ģҪǵ㣬ȻĻҲ֮󣬾͸Ҵ绰ҲǵģôҲ֪ҽһ
ʱȷɣ̫ˣֻϵκҽûϵϵ˽ڡɣϵκҽ͵˽Ҳû𡣡
κҽи㲻ģҲһʱõ˽ġ
˵꣬׿־Ԫ㲻ڵķĵ˽ں͸һĳ½ڣʡƻ˵΢õġ
ƣҲרƵϸ֧Ƥֲ⣬ȱ𡢸ӹۡ
ԪȻ֪˽ڵģͷлл˰磬鷳ˡ
׿־ҽҲҽҵйأĿǰǹԱһ칫ҵġ
׿ɳصһҽԺĻʿרƱҵҲǿżĹϵõ˱ƣǴģ׿ɳصһҽԺʱ
Ԫ䣬ͳԨˡ
ⶼǸģûʲôӦҽģһˡ
Ѿ飬Ҫһʱҵý취ȻҽҵҵߣĿȾô꣬Ҳֲ֪֫Ȼ˲٣ǲָܻͬĳ̶Ȳһ
ϴѧҽԺĳ½ڣǱ߽ʱʵûաȻ˽ڵˮƽҲǼõġ׿־
ԺĹָܻԽãԽܹҡ
Ǹ磬Ҳ֪ô齲֮׿־΢Ԫһ¡
Ȼֵܣֵ֮ҲģֵʱδؾͱѶôֻǿ׽ѡ
Ԫûй˺˼çײһǰ㿳ˣһָ㻹ûء
˵ţһ˴ҴҵشӼ˼ңűûӦǴӼġ
ֻ֮ǺͼƵһĶƺͶָĲ
Ԫǰκҽˡ
Ԫ׿־ǰκҽֻǽԼֽκ꣬ȻҲû̫׿־Ŀʹк
ֱԪص
ҲǱ̫ΣӦˣֻ飬ڵر⡣
׿־ҲţΪԪԼǹǿƵĴҵߣϸҾذľһ顣
κüͷһ£ҽָͶƶѾˣʵûҪת˰ˣѾȥĸСʱˡ
ʱת岢˰κ˵Ѵ
ԪΪҵߣȻ֪κ˿̵˼κڣģҹֻΪ׷õƵģ֢ġ
ڵʱ£βܵĻѪࡣǱȻٵһֲָͶֲ֫СʱˣҪΪѪͨϹǵĹ̶
κҲֲ֪֫Ѫ֤֮ͨ⣬ķ񾭷ϣǶָܻ
ˣʵΪ˸õָܻġԪʾ˵š
ûеľƿҲῴ̫ףֻ׻ͳ¿˵úá
Ԫ֪׻ͳ¿ǣԼԶֲ֫ûʲôͼʶ
νúãͲʲôԼˣԼ˵ˮƽúܡ
ڼȻѾת˵ϴѧҽԺˣôԪҲٶһ
Ϊ˱ٵĺ֢
ˣ̶϶ˣȻҪõķȥߵġ
಻̶߲ˡ
κʣҽҽʲôְ
κɲҴ⣬ĶֲָѾˣǳ½ڻߵ˽ԼʡҽǸȥĻôκɲҰԪġ
ǰҽԺĲ̶κסܳҽġԪΪҵߣȻʵ棬κʲôӡ
ɳаҽԺҽӵҽԺ
ûʲôڲ̶˭Ǿ͸ӳκ֪Ȧˡ
κʣҽ¼ȫҪʵȫ̡
УͬѾдˣҵĲ棬֮ǰû˵ǲðŪԪϽԼĴ˸׿־ݸκꡣ
κһ¼Ҳʲô¼ֻ̣ʲôôֻ
ֻǣκ꿴¼ģԲעҺָעʱɫһ
ﰵ⣬λ磬ǰ붮İǿһЩףֻˣȻжԼҪҪĹָܻ顣
κǿһΪǻȡ衣
Գһ󣬵Σǵ̣¼ô
Ԫҡͷ˼˵κڣСλûнѧ¼豸ҲҲרңȻ¼񡣡
κͷﲻмҽԺרҲܽרҵĻǾˡ
ҲûҪȥ˻ˡ
ֻǵҽڵָѪͨģƳûʲô⡣
ǣ弡ϵʲôǶ֪ҾҲָʣһ̶ϣӴ޷ĸʡ
ԼǴҵߣӦ
ҪסҽԺҪĻϸϣǶֲ֫졢񾭷ˡͬ𣿡
һڷϸϲԵԵκǳ֣صضԪ˵
ԷĿĽеҪҪԼ֪ͬ⣬Ҫ֪
κ겻˵ֱ̨ȥһͬоٱǿɾͲˡ˵ˡ
ţԪȻҲġ
κ˵ǺðɣĳѪҲУٶһĵͼһѪԱ֤ȫҲӦɡ
ûû£κڣ˵ģԼҽʶҵĴ˸Ҳڴ˿Ϊ֤
ʶѣ֪ףҪ

κȻԪͽңǾò̫ġ
һӹԺ˶ֲ֫һڷ޵ģһ㶼ǶڷޡڷޣָܹĹܶرࡣ
ԣʼǰκ껹ǸԼϼҽʦ˸绰
˵κʣ˽ڣҽԺĲ̶Σ˽Ķֲ֫зޣô
ǵ˽ڵ֣üͷһ壺̶
̶ҵϵãʲôʱֲ֫ģô֪
˵Ķֲ֫ǲ̶𣿡ʡ
κ˵ô˵ġ
ãȿʼ㣬ҵȻԹһˡȻ˵һЩ˵
κԣһ
׷Ȼʶ̶ģһԲ̶ֲ֫Ļ̤ʵ١
ˣԪ䱻ҽŵ֮¼ҽԲ˽˫֮֫̽
κ͵Ѹص֣ɣȺһֱ߰ɡ
оרҵͲʿ׷׵ͷȻΧ˹
κ괩·λȻŶֲƤϣŷϵˮƽеصԼܷϵˮƽô
ҪС¼ҽԺκ͸λΣȻѧǣǵˮƽȴ԰ǵ򡣡
ƤϣŽиķϣ㿴ƽʱϵƤǶʲô
Уֲķϼ࣬ƽʱ˵ƿ㿴˼ң
κһ˵꣬һ߲žΪϧذķ߸Ȼôõķϣô
˵꣬תͷҽһۣʦǴȫɣ
ţǼﻹ͸򰡣ȫˡֵҽν˵
һ԰ȫΪ
κȷԪ䲻󣬾ͲżҸǽԽǻʵ¼ҽԺˮƽҪһЩ
ͺñǣȡڹ̶ǹƶȡҲų̂ΪʲôΪûӴ
崴ϾͲ˵ˣҽԺһҲ̨ĲˣǵסԺ֧ˡ
һסԺӴ࣬ڶǣרעͲǼ򵥵崴ˣǣһʼŽӴٶǸӵĹ
Ҳ˵ǵʱ򣬽ӴͼIIIIVżһII
ǣǲҪˣһеͻҪϰõġ
κ̾³һƣԺIIIIVҪ³
ֲ֫IIIѾ³˵мҽԺˡ
죬Ҳǿһ£ҽԺֲ֫ʲôӡҲÿһĦѧϰ
ţκƤ㵽Ƥ֮󣬾Ϳ˼㡣
֮κһ㶣Kessler
κԱߵһоͿʼ㶣κ꣺κʦ¼ҽԺѾôôĵؼУѾʼǰصļϼˣ
κΪˣǲſףʶһЩ;˲ˣ׶ǹģܿҲܿ
һ㣬̨ҽ׿ɲ٣ƶˡ
ǣKesslerֵѧϰǲ䲣ƵȶȣΪʱˡң϶˿ڣû㹻ûлĻĿǿ
ֻҪԡκŷϹе©ʾԵذߵļӷֿ
ûֶ
һƻŮȣϷֿ
оͲʿͿκꡣ

ʲô
κѼתһ£Ȼѡһ㣬׼ѼĶ϶˸ֿܹѷ߸ſ
ֻǣٷһ£ֻû
κ۽һͬĿһ
٣
TMѧ
һѡ֣ôô
κ͵ҽķˮƽУһʶԵĴǣüϵԽԽá
Ҫ֪ϵ̫ĻʧȥĻȵģҲָ챾ָ
Ϊ˲鿴ָʱҪ⴦״̬ԾͰִ˹λҲȭ״̬ڼָĹܡ
ֻǣκһǣѧǡָָʱֻոմ̼죬ϾͰֱָˡ
/䣭/)
//
//
/䣭/''/䣭`_
/'////\
('(/'')
\'/
'\'_
\(
\
Ȼκ귢֣Ǽѧġ
^_^
κʦ˵Ӱ
Ȼٿָ֣Ȼǹλָ
qɨr
κ˿̣΢е㷳꣬ôе˵ͨ˵װ
һµļϣӦӵİļϣǻһͻ߰͹ġ
Ͼ͹˿Ϸӵġˬ㡯ڡ
ɣ
κֳ˼Σӡ
ƺ⼡жһģںκԡ
ڣκ˺üΣҲһδεװʧܡ
һо̲ס߼ܶµ˵κʦҪֱɡʱҲˡ
ȥʲô̫ԾĵطˣϣǿҲò̫ôԾൽʱȵʦˣνһͺˡ
κ˵еʱȷˣ̨賿֮ˣǱ˵ͷ
ֱûмļϷʽ
оؼһߣɺ󣬼ƺֻѿһСĿӣûǰ㣬ֱѿһĿӡ
о̫аǾּһ꣬ߵĶǸɴ࡭
Ҳ֪˶ãκ˲ŰĶ϶˸ȫ¶˳ǳߵʱ򣬲㻹ѼĶ϶˸ëһϡã
״Ҳκо˲ԾĵطǸϽͣ
Ϊģ̶ļǲõļ˿뵽һΪŵ״̬
ģ̫һ
ʱ˽ڴ˽
κ꼸ػţ㿴ңҿģֻ໥Ҳ˵Ҳ¡
һûӡ
ǰʣڸʲôôе𣿡
ǵôˣͰʮͣȫûаļӡ
˽ڵĸӲߣһе΢֣ĶӺ͸ſɢĵζʡƵľϵһ
ֻһеӡ
ʦ
ʦ
ʦ
κ϶վΪ˽ÿҰҲͬµ˽ǣΥ޾ԭ
˽ֻҰ￴һۣɫ̾һ
ţκ˵κ꣬̽һ⼸ȶԡ
һ˵һ߸κָŷļ졣
κһָָ̽ܡ
Ȼ˽ڰ۾ժԼ۾֮ٴοκĶʱ
Ŀӵؿκָ꣬Ƕϵļʣڸʲô
ʧȥ֮ǰĺͰն
˲ţֻҶյķ磬΢ϼϷĵεΪͱˡ


һʮ ַ
ĸӲߣĵڶѧκҪСͷ΢֣棬Բѵϵһ
ҵƽһͰףֻкٵʱɫ࣬ͺñڡ
ߵȻȻ¶ѹûнڵļƣֻ
Ŀκɨӣв̫ŭֻΪеɸ֡
κ겢ǵĵһѧĵһѧо󣬵ûõʿҲֻǸСΣϼҵĵؼҽԺҲ˲Ρ
ңκڶѧΪ격ʿԺˣѾõ˸ڵĽѧְƣǵĵˡƽʱ¼ΪףϴѧҽԺΨ
һǵڣһκ긱ˡ
κģֻǽ£
ܵ˵ϵѹκԱߣѧ͵һרҵоһרҵͲʿ˲С벽
֮ǰκüģκԼѧȣɪɪ
ȻʶԡǶȫû͵Իʸ񣬸Ҷߡ
κƤ͵ѣڵ£ͷϵ촽ʱʶϰߡ
ӲͷƤȧͦΪһֻ֣˽ڣǻߵķϱۣΪҲһ̨췭޷
κ겢ûаԼѧˣֻѧȻõ֤ԵΣⲻʦŵĴͳ
ʹûѧ顣
ʵֲ֫Ϊ⣬ٴη޵飬ϴѧڶҽԺĴǺ١
ô˵ɣĿǰκʵʡ򣬻ǷǳȨԵġ
ԣĿǰʡȥٻ¯졣
ǲңǻӡ
ҵ
һԼʦһǸһҽԺĳ½ڣһʡҽڡ
ʡҽںϴѧҽԺĳ½ʦͬţԼǰ
Լʦʱ򣬹ǿƻûôϸ¡
Ʊȸһǲ˵̣Ȼսһӣ׷ôһСĲࡣ
ӵˣһκԼʦ֣ҲȥóȻ
һ˾ӣǵؼеΣҲڸơ
ˣκã˵ôԼҲһ¡
һȻʣ֮ǰ绰˵̨ǰҽԺĲ̶İɣ
ڸκ̨¡
κ̲ϵͷÿɬǰҽԺ
Ϊ᣺ʦ̶ε˭
κѾе㷢ˣǰʱû˵ҽԺ˲õﰡҽԺĹǿΣƱԵǻҲãҲá
㶼ʶ
Ӧ˵ʶ㣬ΪĹϵ
ϴѧҽѧԺҵģڵϴѧҽԺ븽ҽԺĹǿƴʦֵܹϵʦ֡
μҲΪغͿغһϸ硣
̶κ껹ѹû֡
ã㿴ϣܹһ¡
ͷΪסǰͺһأ֮ǰɫ޾ñѹ£бΡڵذͷһѡ
˵̶Ҳֻй֮Եȹơ
ƷԣоƱغȣǾУҾƷҲһ㣬׺ȶ࣬ȶ֮󻹳ࡣΪˬרҵ
Ҳ㲻塣
һΪֲָʲô£ȻҪܰĵؾͰһµġ
˵ֳ꣬˳ҰҰüȷŰɣ̨ϸ
ҲûףǲԼҪ̨Ϊκƨɡ
ʵһ˵Ժ˽֡
Ԫ˴кģѵ֡
̶Ҳˣôһϵʰ̯ӵҲûϵ
ֻǣƺˣ̯Ӳǲ̶ģκѱ˵̯ӸŪˡ
κϽͷһʱλ˿˸ϽŲλã֪Լǰ׵ĶȣǸϽﵽ˵NֵλȥͷҺԼʦκӡ
ӣпе󰡡
ܿؾϴִ̨
λûżȥ޲Ѿ죬ϸϸǰҵطһ༡ķϡ
üͷ壬κ꣺֮ǰָ켡ָǳ죬Ҳķô
κͷ˵ǵģʦ
ɹˣ
·ѾǿԶһڣ˸ѧ֮ʱ
Žͣʦ㿴⼡ϷʽǸKesslerϷȴ
ϷУٴõķϷkesslerϷ͸KesslerϷ
Kesslerͷ˼̶
϶810mm30վʶɱ֯(˫)Ⱥᴩһˣڼ봦23mm˫ֱб뼡죬뼡ƽкɼ϶˴
ŵǲϼ㣬˽С
ҶԼڵѪӰС֫ڹܶѺճ
ڸּ޸
Kessler˺ѣƶ϶Ǻϴܱ߷Ϻ󣬿߿ǿȡ
KesslerϷ˸ơ
мĺķϺ󣬻ƶ϶Ǻϴ50Ż60ŵܱ߷ϣʹ޸Ķ϶ƽ⻬
ɽκ꿴KesslerϷȴûлƶ϶ǺϵһֱӾ˶KesslerϷƺĽзϡ
κ껹˵ʦԪ䣬ҲˣҲǹǿƵĴҵߣҽƹΪ˵̶л˲ơ
ĿǰȻһЩ˵ˣϼӦòƣ󻬶ȣҲ˵ƵЧȷС
ҾΪһѡˡ
κԽ˵ԽСΪΪκĵǽͨġ
ԣ̾һ˵Ŀǰϵķʮ֣˵˵࣬ʹÿһַû취ƾ
ϷʽKesslerϷƣϸȴûеõ侫衣ǸķЧԼ챾㹻ġ
߽ᣬҲ˺ܺõɣȡߵʱ򣬶Լһ̶ȵˣҹƣϷӦûβǡ
Ҳǵ㲻׵ĵط
ַϷԼδʶȻҲͲ֪Ǻûǲˡ
ףǲ̶֣ѹס
ȻĻκ⵵£
ãԼһνӴķϣҲе㲻аĲôһô
϶κ١
ǵ̽飬ǻǲҪټΪáͰѸող죬ɡ
ߵԶѪ˼Ѫͨİɣʡ
ֲָҪͻĶѪǷͨѪ˲ͨһжǻڡ
Ѫͨġκæ˵ȻϽָж¶˳
ʦѪܵķϣҲǡôôСֱѪܣûѪҲ˹֡κʮֲ⣬ýǼ˹
κ겻ü˹ǲŽм˹
ܳģĸУѪܺͼķϣܹӣҾֻѪܺͼϡ
Ȼǲһġ
ܳû˻ῴҪ
ֻѹû뵽ԪתȥҽԺ
ûѪǺ°һȻֿʼ
˵ȥ̶δ绰ɣԸԸٹһһβҸոտǵ񾭺ѪܷϣҾãǻǲҪóȻϷ
κеȻʦʱ绰ȥ΢е㲻̫ðɣ
κıǾ΢е㶪˽ڿϴѧҽԺĽڣ绰ȥðҽԺҽβӲ̫ÿ
κû˵ֻ˵ʱ䲻ʡ
̫Ҳܱȳյغá
ʱʾָúúõģָ鷳ǲŽвʡԺ˶ֲָĲˣǲҪóȻз޷Ϊá
Լû̫ףҲóȻسΪյĶʵ顣
κͲ˵ʲôˣֻǾΡ
ڵĵͷȫԼĴǳģôͻò̶ֲʶ;ÿԵطأ
ܿأͨѶ¼Уҵ˲̶ĵ绰
ǰȹƣǲ̶Ҫĵ绰Ȼ󻹻زҵڵˣҲһҽԺΣ˵аæĵطԵҲ
绰Ǻܿͨˣ˵˼֮
ΪЩĲ̶ȴʮ侲˵˽ڣЦˡԼǳ鷳û뵽ֵ˵˽ȥҪˡ
߲Ÿ̨ҲûԷȥԷ·ϡ
˽ڣģܹõǵˣʲôòܵĵطϣ˽ܹ΢ָһǲ
̶ƤÿҪġ
⻰üͷһ壬˵ζûԷǵóȻˣǳԹܲٹһһоһأ
̶֪˼Ҳκ˵ʼĩ
Ԫѣ̶꣬Ѿ˵ҪȥҽԺסԺתȥϴѧҽԺ϶ˡ

̶ܾȫǿԪ
̶˵˽ڣҴ絽ڣе֧ȥ극ʱù賿֮ˡͲö߶ˡ죬лᣬһԵ̡
˽ڣܴ绰ȻܳˡҲҲ̶ӡ
ֻʵǲҰŪʱҲȷɣ˽Щʣأ
Ѿˣ̶Ҳܲӣֱ˵Ҳ
̶ȴ㹻ɡ
ҪԷûɣ
ڣȥԷϳɣ극ܾ͵賿ѧҲûɣ
Ҳ̶˵ˣôôģôô
̶ˡ
˼ǣ˵֮ǰʲôƨ̶Ҳˡ
аɡ´лᣬһ̽һ¡̾һȻ߽ҡ
˿ȫԪ䣬ֿ˿κꡣ
ֻԪҲǿˣѾõƣȴһˡ
κ굹ù֪ô˲̶Ԫôһ硣
ԪŲ̶ŲҽԺϴѧҽԺ߼ûʲô
κҲŲ̶Դ˴ޣҲûë
ͳˣ̶üãԣԪĺѣҲѹס
̶ǸһǸϳģ
κʮҲΡ
ţҡҡͷˣҲû취ˣϽ̨ɡ
κ꿴ŵʣʦ𣿡
κ˼ԼҪҪ̨ȡ
ɣѼ·ֱ̨
δһֱող̨ûԣҴǱ߹ҲҪһСʱټϳԷĹ򣬲õôá
κʣ̨

ҪһۣеһĺġҪеҲˡ˵˵Ϊ̽飬졣
ǾСεػظš
ʵҲ˵ǲ̶ĶֲָãԼŶļá⻹ûֻµķϷʽ
µʽȻ£δؾǶԵġһлҪٴ֤յĶۡ
ܹṩģĿǰٴϣŶӣѾ˼ʮļʽȻδһǿµʽĿǰҲʵơ
δãˡ
ţáκҲ˵ͷֻĻЩƽ˼Ҵܣûʧ

ϣ̶Ҷ˵绰ֵ֮ʲô
ŶϵúúõģˣҪȥTM¶
ܳ˲̶͵ĶԻ̶֪ǼʻλΪ˰ȫǣæοʦ˽ܴ绰ʵѾѵˡ
̶ɨܳһۣ˵˽ڵĲǰе²ͷһֶ˵˵
ҲûɽҾˣ
ֻ⵵£ˣҲ˵ˡ
̶ҡҡͷ˼Щңһ΢ỵ̂һ˵һԪģһԪ䣬Ҳǲһˣһš
Ȼͷ˵˵Ԫ£ò̶ļΪˬ
ȻˬҲֻܰԼѿͷȥ֡
̶ȥ绰˵ԪĲԣΪϴѧҽԺҪȰҽԺԪѡ񣬷ŵκεطȥ˵Ҳ˵Ԫѡ񲻶ԡ
ÿ˶ϣԼյõƣھ£ȥõĵطƣҲûʲôë
˵ǰҽԺʱ
ҲֻԼһˡ
ܳۼ̶ķ΢΢̾һصʦûҪ㣬˽ܹ绰ʵѾ˵һЩˡ
ԪʦѡתԺȥϴѧҽԺδһõѡ񡣡
ܳɵ㵽ֹ
Ȼǻֻ˵ġ
̶ԣȻתͷ˿ܳɣʧĹ̥Ѿʻ˻˴ߣͻͻͻؿʼʾ
ŵò̶ָϽĿۼ·ϣͷ촽С۾΢΢˵Сܣ⻰Ҫű˵룬˵
ҲҪô롣
ܳɺڵӿʼ˰ʼϴѧҽԺˮƽˣ
ܳæͷЦŻأõġʦ
Ȼܳɾͱ졣
ֻǣȻܳɽĻеţҲ󣬵ڴ绰ܳ˵ǳ˵顣
̶飬
ȻʲôȥԿ⣿̶ܳɡ
ʦѡͺˡ

һ·ص̶ƽȻһ·߹ĿӺ󣬱绰пûпվͳһ⡣
˵пգ̶ֶʮ󴮵⡣
˼ƿơƣƵĵģҪʹһ
ܳΪȻҪֵ࣬ǼȾƵġ
ƺܿʹˣ֮󣬿̶ܳûõؿʼ⡣
ʮһ£ɳе΢䣬µĻ̿һЩ¶ȣտصζ˱ǣҲƸܵ˶Ķ⡣
̶ƹƿơơ
һ߿⣬һк˵СҪֵ಻ȣƿˡ
ƿͷơȻơƣ󾢺㣬ƿ϶ͷȰ׾ƻܡᣬգniaʹ
ûžܾ˵ȺŰɣΡ
ôôƽʡ
ƱȥģΪպòֵֻ࣬ܳɺͲ̶һȥû˻ظҲôߣһֱڿš
ȥ裬һξ͵õȵˡ
죬ǰڡ
ܳû˵Ҫǲ֪Щ¸ò˵ϾԪǲ̶ѡ
̶˵⣬˵ġ
ﻹƽɣûʲôⲡˣ̶ת˻⡣
ƺǲ֪Ԫ飬ҲǿǵԺҪڿ﹤Щ
ƵͷǿƻȽƽȣһƲƽ
˵ԱߵĹҵ԰˹ϣһֶֻûˣֲ֫κ˶Ըȥҡ
λѸһƵĳ½Ҳˡڹƣû
һϴѧҽԺǼơ
̶ԣ˷ۣ۾Ͳ󣬺ܿ۾ȫ۰ռ죺ô쾡Ƕֲ֫
̶ƺ鲻̫ãǾͽ˵ĿǰɳƽһҪĶָͶ֫Ҳʮ̨ҽԺҲǺˡ
ȫÿҪĽ֫Ҳһʮ̨
һرΪʡУɲʮҽԺţжӪϵȡ
ôһ̶ͣ΢Щ͸ߵϰ庰ϰ壬ټһݼ⣬
ŵˣ𣬲ΣЩȳ˵
ϰһЦ˲̶ϵѾѻҲûĵ档
ټӣֻǶԡ

ܳɻصʱ򣬷ֵȨ޾ɵֵһֽдд
ȫ֣һȷС֮λ
ܳóֻ˿ʱ䣬ʣȨӣʮʮˣ㻹˯ʲôأ
ȨԻͷܳһʱͰֽץ塣
˯ˣܳɸ磬˰ȨֽһţӽͰ
ȻŵܳϵտζʱɫøӾ
MDʦȥտˣֵ຦ġ
ܳɵͷ˵ţϿûʲô°ȥϴ谡һζ
˯ָղղء
Ҳûȥ׷Ȩڶʲô
šȨͷ
ʦȥ֮ǰһλ˾ͺˣá
ܳɸ磬ȥϴɣҾȥˡ
Ȼܳɾȥϴˡ
Ȩ΢Ѿ77.1240.08
ϣڿֻƺû㷹˼Ȩӧ˵ҪһԷȻƵͷˡȻͷˣһٸɵ37.04
ȨоԼѪ
Ȼոգֳȥҹˡ
š
о췢ʡ
Ҫˡ
ȨϴûãͿԼֻ˵绰
̧һԼġ
Ȼŵ´ȥ
˵󣿡
Ȩø磬ȨֻýΪ㣬һֱǺ飬ͱ󣬴Ӳ硣Ҳ̫á
Ͼ
ƺֻǳƺϵá
飬֪Ǽ
ԱȨ٬Ҫ죬˵пԶô˵ֵࡣҲߡ
Ȩ۾һַ˷ۣǹİɣ֪ҿֵ࣬ջңڸҲûãҲܳҽԺ
ܺ㣿ھҽԺ档˾һԱΪˣһϹܶ꣬ûչָʹԹһۡ
Ȩɫһ
عеɲСǱŪˣɲСˡ
ɫһʣ˻᲻
˵ֶֻˣҲ
ѾϴѧҽԺĽԹٵˡ
˵ӦҪתڣģûô첻ߡ
Ȩ̷Ż첻أ˭˵ҵ첻ˣ㻹ҵôҲǵĳ
ȨȻдţƣľţ˵ǹϵá
û¾ͺãˣɱʲô߰ҡ
ǲ֪ͽڹ˾ʱϵǹʲôӣ涼߰ˡɵúúòҡȨһܣһ߿ࡣ
üͷһ壬ʣ岻ڳԷǮɣ
ҽڸķģֲϡ
ҵȻת㣿
ǰȨĹ̺ܽϣȻ˵ȨĴѧûôãҲûȥѧǱȴûʲôªϰ
ͨ쵰֡
õڳԿĻǲ̵ġ
ҪǮֻҪԵģġȨϴϡ
ȱֲǮֻǿ֧Ǯ϶˵
Ȼתƻ˾˰ҽԺô˵ҺôڰҽԺأ
ͬʱ˵ݡ
û㻹֪ڹడԺƵġʲôʱˣи绰ʱ򡣡
ǣҡҸ˵Ҳû˼ȥ⣬ڵλþҵġȨЦҲ
Ц˺ܾˣԼǶûȤġҲ֪鲻⻰档
һͲˡ
ԣҲһӣǶΪλôףڰ칫ȺȲͿ˰
ҪҪҸ绰˵˼ڡϵ
Ȩ̴ϣ𣬴磬Һô磬Ҿֻƽ
Ҵ磬ۺðɡʱˡ
ȨԼͲǿϣڵƽͶˡǮѣ飬ʾ֭ҪɩӲڡ
ϾǸλãǸŮ˶ŮӰˡ
к߶Σհ
͵٣ʱˣϽúóԶ

ӺȨʹŰ״ӣ˶¥ŵǿϵ»Цӭ
һȡüʣϸ磬ҪG
ֵ߲

˵ȫˣ׼öģ·ϣӪҵ
ȥһܵȵġȨذóĶַ˻ȥЦǺǵؿ˸Ц
鷭˷ۣûػ
˰ɣԹҿɾȫ˰һҪֵ࣬뿪ҵʱ䲻̫áȨ˱ûԡ
Ҳ̫ˣӦӦˣʵڲУҸδ绰ˡ
Ŷеˡ
ȨǶĶӣ
ʱ治ġ
ȨϵĻֵࣿ
𣡡
Ȩһתһ˵Ҫ鰡ʹҵ绰˵绰õġ
˰һɣҲȥϢ
飬˭ҲԸⷢǮλʵѾúܺˡ
ط˵ݡ
ȴûߣҪ˵ĹϹˣĸλֺģһġ
ҵҲĹ˺ģҪ뿪ҲҪȵ߲˵ļȻﶼû˵ˣҲǸ¶
ϹˣǼǵõģǹ˾һŸжؼܵϹһˣһƬһʱĹȱ
£ҽԺܣй˿ɣţ͸պǡô

ܳ߳Ȩһϵ»ˣЩʣôˣ㻹ûԱ
Ȩһܳ飬ɴ۾˵ˣԵøۡ
Ҹ·ҵġ
ܳɸ磬㻹Ҫһ㣿
Ȩǳ󷽵ظܳɷ
ܳҡͷ춼ζԶ¡԰ɣϢȥˡ
Ҳе࣬ܳ˷һģᣬɲ˷ˡ
ȻģĻ᲻٣ǣÿһּܣģˣܹЧ
ͺñȽ죬ûȼļ졢񾭺Ѫܷǫܻ̂
ң
ϴѧҽԺġڡ˵ļ죬ָˣȻ˵绰Ҳܳĸо˱ַ
ʵʵͻ۲۲С㼼ܰһգԼɹ˲Ųַ
ҲַҪʱ䣬Ҫ̡
ţֿܳʼһֵģ⡣



һʮ ϲѪˣ
ܳ˴ϣϸؽIIбʱԷ˷ۡ
ܳίԱٷгIIûģ꣬ҲѾۿɼذʮIIģ⵽һˣֻǴһIIĿ¼бЩʲôһ
ɵˡ
Ҳģͽֵ֯һ飬էһ
Ŷ
ֲɽ
ֲп
ֲг
ֲճҺп
ֲж
ֲĤж
ֲɽ
ֲг
ֲʲ׫г
ճҺг
г
ֲĤг
ʷ

ֲ
ֽĤ
ֲӳ
ֲֲ
ֲֲ
Ĵָ
ָ
ֲɽ
п
г
ǰۼɽ
Ĥж
ŽĤɽ
ɽ
ɽ
ǰбǼɽ
ͻж
βɽ
ж

ʲг
г
г
г
Ѫг
ⲡг
ǻ躦г
ȻˡȻ棬мλӳ޲
Үžͷܳһ֮󣬸Ͻˡ
ʼ˼
ЩĿ¼II϶غϵĵطͱ磬ɽͼɽȻͬһ⣬һļԷֳɼⲿֺͼ첿֡
طɽһΧĽֲͬˣôɽַҲ΢졣
Ȼλڼ֯ڵĲλڼλõĲвͬ
ϸ֣öλͬͶԲͬ
⡢죬ֻһС֡
жλ
λЩ⡣нĤ֬֯ĤʣЩλõĲ죬λòͬʾӦòͬô಻ͬĶλѵֵսȥ
ȻǶԣ׻ԷֳճҺ׺͵סв𣬻мճ
IIܼ򵥣סԺҽʦ
ܳɲ룬ȫǿƵĴǣȻ˵ܶĳһѾﵽ۷Σ˭˵ԼܹеIIȫأ
ΣڣڣԺʿĶ˴У
ʱЩǿֻǻҲﲻͨԶԶûרеķôͨɣ
ٰŴơ
ǿ֮⣬⣬Ѫƣơơ
ûۿʱʶԼжôСƿŵˣԶᱣžη֮ģսսѧ·;֮С
Щȣܳɿ˿Լļ
ţȻժƵӣõ˼ʮȼֻһ㣬ȻĿǰ֪ļμ穡
ǵŬѧϰ֪ܳܵš
ȻҲ̰࣬ĬĬѡδģɹķ򣬾Ϳʼģ⡣
ؽڸֹؽ
ţܳڵһСĿǣûдﵽȼļܣǲó˵ġ
һģ֮ܳɵüͷݺһ塣
ؽֹܼؽ
԰
ܳͷεģչòƲ̫˳
Ҫ֪εģУܳɿתȥѧʦνһӵʣֱʮ䣬ִ̡
ǣڹؽֹܼؽϣƺûܹȡ̫ͻƣ
һȦܳɺݺݵͷ
궿ˡ
²Ǹʬͻ˵ʬʣѧϵʬ壬Ƕǽݹ˵ģǺͻ嵱ȻѧϵͳѧǵǶԽʵ֪
ԲǶͼء
ӦڻȥѧֻǴȥôŶ
ܳ˼ά磬˺üֲ̫˵ķ
ֽʦٱСʿħ
ҪȥȲкһӵС
Щ뷨ȫһһܾˡ
ţܳ뵽һѵְҵ
1.֫ʾ飨2.ؽֹܼؽ
ʼģ⡣
ӵʵĹǿƽʻ൱ѾõϼҽʦʶѾϼҽʦڿ￪չؽλַλ
дһֻΪһѧʶǣϵõסԺҽʦ淶ѵʸ󣡡
ܾ˿Ժ룬ѡȥҽԺķٻ¯ϼҽʦΪеΪ죬Ȼּ
һڵλĽ̫֫٣ȥеĹһҽªλüΪƫƧҽԺһķٻеԱ
еĶ֫󶼻ᱻ͵ҽԺķ¯д᷵˼ҽƷҽƷǿԽѧϰġ
ʣ
ĸĸѡòԴ㳹׶Ͼ˸ӹϵ
ĸʱ㣬ʱȰ㣬Թִ
ĸϣܹɳй˵Ըķɳ򷿣ȥףһС⡣ܾˡ
ʮҽԺ쵼ˮƽһ㣬ϣٻ¯ң뵽ٴϴʵؾܾˡΪĽѧ֪ʶȫԺ˵㿪ʼżٴԵ
нʽһõһһСѧƵĶĹϵѺá
ĵһٴףʧܣ׶̲ĲϽⲻ֮ġ
⣬ܳ̾һ
ģڣһ궼̲ˡ
촽
ʮ꣬Ȼһӵ˲ٵĴĸĸԵ㣬ǳ˼зֵǮټҰǨڵλõء
ʼ޻¡
ȫҰ¼ҵһ죬޵ϡﻩ֪ĸĸΪ㣬٣˼ֻΪžۣεҪǣһؼңȹ̣סˡ
һ֮ĸĸǻ˸߶ƸΪɹ˵һ£ĶͨͨĻˮƽһ㣬ʵ֣Ϊڿҡ
ɻˣһ˺ӡӿʼȰ˵صٴáȻܾ
ֹ֪֫ؽ綨壩ֻһ֮Խһſ޺
ʮ꣬ĸײأļҾԣе׵ICUƷãǿת֮ĸʡ
һ֣ʵеܳɶ̲סһ飬۽ǻ
˵ܣԲסǼٵġ
꣬ĺӼѧŴȥСѧ飬Ҫӣ㻻ܾˣҪ顣
ԲΪգĺӾͽСѧɼһ㡣
ʮ꣬ĸ۶ȥ飬ҷԺĺиšȻһѡ˾
ĵλڿң־ᶨδǵ㡣ȻĴʵķøźӣı⡣
ʮ꣬ڻȻõ˼ܣ綨弶ѸߣٴѾ㡣
Ȼѡ˴ְȥغһСҽԺ
֮ɹصõһݲĹ㿪ʼƴ
ʮ꣬Ļ㹻ĺӹ׸ӣɸĸķĹְ֮ˡ
ѡƶ
ģ
ģۣᡣ㲻һϸҽһϸѧߣһļᶨߡ
ѡһ
ֹ֫ؽ綨弶
꣬ܳɳһ
ģû׼ʱģлֵ˽ܵı
һӣȻֻΪҽ뿪ٴȴƫִȥѡ˲ҽһʬġ
ŶҲҵţͣ˻顣
ΪӣܳɿνТº֮⣬һ¶û
Ȼ˼·ɧɧ˼·Ȼ޷ֲ׼
û취ڵԽԽ࣬һûϢ
̶ȥɳظԪֶӿѲȻԪıʣûüģ׼
ǲҪѧһЩȻúõسһʱѧϰˡ
ҪǰЩ¸ţ
ǣܳԼҲЩᣬһҽȥֻѧϰôѧϰĿĺʲô
ƽߵĹϵ
ѡ
ʱȨϴƺܳɵе㲻ԣʣܳɸ磬ôˣǲʲôõ飿
Ͼܳ۽Ƕˮء
ûûУ⹫ˣͻ롣ܳһڣ⹫ŵȷѾˡ
Ȩһ˵˶ϵʱ⹫Ҳȥˣһĺܡڶǲģˡ
ȻһӱܳɴˣҲǲ
ܳûػһְ֮ʣµģõˡ

ӵʵĹǿƽʻ൱ѾõϼҽʦʶʡѾһ֪ȣ֪Ľʶ뿴ء
Ժ֮㿪ʼˡ䡯ֻ򵥵гֻԼȤϼҽʦҪ󡣡
ϼҽʦ⣬Ȼͬ󣬿ʼΪһЩˡ
һʡݵ֪ǰΪβȥп˸־ĿǰȤֻڹǲһС
Լϼҽʦ֪ùѪͷҽԺ쵼㶼ʼϼҽʦʻ㵽ôˡ
ϼҽʦҲʼ㷢ʲôֻشȤʹȻ
ϼҽʦΪ˹ˣϣܹڹ裬ѲȰתԺһֻ˼򵥵ĽĤ׼֮ϡ
ϼҽʦһҹ֮䣬˺üͷ
֮ʡݵ֪ڣȥֲָѧ֪ᣬǿԲƵҽλı
ϼҽʦٴαùѪͷʼֵϼҽʦ
գ㷢ϼҽʦЩۣ㹵ͨǷǶ˵˾䣺񡣡
ʮ֮ʡӵˡʥ֡ƺţȻһ֪ȣΣҵڣѾһЦ
ϼҽʦѾʼչزˣΪȻʡ֪ڲĶֲָѵĴ˵ȫϼҽʦ㡣һʲôɸ˵Ŀġ
ϼҽʦסѹϴְˡ
дԣ̶ӣ
ۣ
ֺܳ
ʦҲ̫
֮ϼҽʦ뿪ɳУټҰǨ
ܳɫһЦˡ
⵽ǲ̶ƣ
ڶʮ꣬ɹسΪ˹ǲƵΣʡ֪硯רңҲֻ硣˿ǸЦ㲻Ϊ
ͬҲˣʼһ顣עֻЦʽʽвг
ϼҽʦǳпʣһϼҽʦ֮䵽׷˺ֶԹ̹϶ԣԷԲš
ǣҲѡ˴ְ
һΣܳģ֯벡г죬ΪٴϢϢأԾûгʲôĸԸҲŵ¼
ǰģĸ棬һӾֻһ׺ͽĤԼ֯Ĵ̻ҽ
ҲǱϼҪͬܡ
Ҷ²⣬G
ܳɶǰ¶ʵǲҪȥġ
ôֻȥأҳ磬Ķ
еֵ˼˰Ȼȥ̶֮ܳĶԹҲ϶鲻¿̱˵ܳˡ
ֻܳȥĴ
Ȼ󣬲̶ְˣټҰǨ
󶼴ְˡ
ǺõģֲĽĤԼף׵ȸȼ
ӵḶ́ܳɵе㷳ꡣ
ֻģ⣬ʵģ⣬ʵģĻܳԼܲˡ
֣֪ǼٵģܳɶŲһ
ĸ޶
ױʦ
ܳôôѵؾͽЩ˸Ⱑ
ܹܳ鵽ףֻǸˡ
֮ܳ￪ʼ
ôȥǸ취
ʵӰģ磬ģҲͬӰ쵽ʵȻûʵģӰô󣬵ܳɵٻǴһĸõġ
ܳͷӥһ˫ۣʼ
ҪõֶΣһϲУȻĻôӲģ׼ˣԼ
Լ˸ˣǿɾֲ̫ˡ
ܳǼᶨΨߣǶԸ飬һ򶼻ǿúصģԲԸԼΪһ¼ҹһˡ
ģΣһ͸պϣܳɲûпʼһģ⣬ѡ˯ȥ
úõػһգȡ꣬úûȥ׼һģ˼·
ǺúõشĥһȽϲģݾԼܹ׾ٵػõͼܵȼǲŽкá
ܳڣѾ̫ܹ֮ǰôִִһˡ
ΪʵУѾʩչ˲ٴεIIIܣһӻȥIIһʹ޹صģɲǻ꼰ô
֮ǰһξǰƸˣôΡ
϶ܹҵʲô֮
ܳɻûü˵ʲôȨǱߵĵ绰ͻȻ
ȨѾ˯ˣС绰һʱ䶼ûشš
ܳɾĴȨӣ绰ˡ
ôãǰȨŪˡ
Ѻ۾ӹ绰Ȩɫһ۾Ķͣˡ
ã磬ˡȥʲô
˵ȨҪ´
ܳæʣô
Ȩҡͷǣܳɸ磬Ҹе飬ȥһˣиǹǿƣǹһƵ
ŶܳɾˣȻ˵Ļ
ôҲͲ֦ȥæˣ˴绰ʣһȨĸ磬顣ܳȻ¡
ȨһߴЬһ߳ţ˵ܳɸ磬ȥһ¾ͻ΢ҿһ°
û£ءܳɺԥػء
ȻﲻȨȥӦ磬ǿһ²ǿ϶ûģܳɶֵ˰
Ȩȥÿ죬Ҳ죬ֻƺеġ
ܳ˵ƣʣôˣȨӣ£
Ȩͷ˵Ҹһˣãǻˣ󱣲סˡҸϵڼ¥¡
޵ģȥʵ߸Ů˹ȥ
ֵġȨȻĲ̣Ҳû̫취
Ƕֲ֫ͱ֫Ҳ˵ģǻˣǿҪ֫Ļûˡ
Ȩû˵﹫˾Աֻôˡ
ܳɱʣŶôˣѾ֫ô
ܳһȨѣǸðæĻҪæġϾȨˣȻǺ˵㣬ܴ
ȻеۣǳԹҹ֮ܳѾ˹ֻǾƣ
û½ڣκζŬȣҿĻáȻҲ̫תһ¿ԡ
û뵽ҸѵŮôˣʲô£⻹˵ĪУɱˡȨૡ
ܳһЦʵȨӣĪǿС˰ɣ
ȨȻ̧ͷһ˵ô᣿ȨҸʧãô
㲻ỹãôһ˵ﳤûԡܳɸ磬ҪǸȤĻҿҸҪ΢ŵŶ
Ŀԣƭ㡣
ܳɿԺȨЦȨȻʾؿʼϷܳɡ
ܳҡͷոյ黹£ôෳհ
⻹ûŮѣˣԺģʱ򣬿ÿζһε˸˿ɲá
ԼߵɣûȤܳҲûʳ½˭ζڵĻֲ˵ʲôˡ
Ȩ˷ۣ˿̹߲̫ã˲̫׿ʲôܳɸTM
ҷɧûЩʲôˣˡ
;Ƕ˾ͳһڵô
ݡ
ٺ١ܳת˸Īغ˺ܶࡣ
賿չú󰡣߮ȴһ΢Ϣ
ܳɸ磬пôߵһˣֲ֫ģһ룬֫Զ˵Ķסˡ
ҲýԺˣ
ܳɿ꣬üͷһ塣
ºȨ˵ˣһ˰
ʣ߮磬ô˯ȥҸ
ܳѾˡ
߮ôˣǸȥҿġ
߮͵û취ҽԺĳʦ֫ж˨ˣôֻѪƵԿ꣬Ҿ͸㷢Ϣˡ
ڿֵ࣬㿴¡
ܳһֵߣȨʣGܳɸ磬ȥ
߮纰ȥңƾȥǸѵġܳһ߱༭Ϣظ߮磬һ˵ϵˡ
Ȩɫһ䣬߮ȥﰡԼŲð£ȥһô
ȨոҲ߮磬ֻǲԸҲ໥ཻ
ܳѾ߳ϢңƺȨ˵Ҳûظ
Ȩ΢΢̾һֵG߮磬˼Ӷûܳɸȥæˡ
˵Ȥһ
Բġ
΢룬Ȩ鷢һϢǿиҽܳɣڿѣһʲôĻǣ
Ǳϸ˻ţ
ûʲô鰡
һҽԺ𣿡
Ȩͻ˵ⲻȴԤ˵ԼˡҶνġܳɣҹϵ
ȨȻڹ˾죬Ǳ׼ԼĹ˾ᰲģȻһ˵·һһǱǣܳɡ
ºܳûϵǰҶи·
Ĭһʱ󣬻ʣѣȨ᲻ᱻ·Ŷ
Ȩϻظû֪ݣ·ë
ƺõʱԷգۣ黵ʱƴë˵ĺա
ô·
Ǳ߶ʱˣ
ëˣҲó
磡úܡ
ˣˣͷҲȥϢȨأû
ţȰסĵطٺãٺ˾ͻȥˡѾ˳½ڣѰҽԺļζһ飬⻹ûõĻҲû취ˡ
ûǮ϶첻£ǮҲδܹס֣Ҿ˰п

Ȩ죬ܳȻǲõġ
ܳɸϵҵʱ򣬾Ϳ߮һֻһֻʱ򣬻һ̧ͷ˿̨
̨ϣԼһİæµţȻԵ֡һ¼
ֱٵֲָ̨
̨ϣǸİӣӦþ߮ĳ½ˡ
ܳɻڴʱ߮Ϳܳɣվ˵ܳɸ磬һ¡˫ǰ۽ˣӽⲿ𣡡
߮⻰˶̧ͷϽĳ½˵ʦǿҵСˡ
һһˣ֫ж˨֫Ҳģ۵ü
˵ʵһʼû뵽ܳɣǣ߮ܳ˳֮ǲŻȻ
߮ܳɲ̨ԣ½Ҳʱͣһܳɺ㶡
߮磬Ц˵߮磬ƼҽԤĳܴ󡣡
ͥҵԤ֮УܳɾôᣬҲʮ꣬ٴٴ߮϶治һȥ
ͥҵ֪߮ǼΪóѪƵģҽ̨
ȻƼܳɡ
½ںãΣΣΡܳɺ̨ϵĸϼһһǶӹˡ
һǲ죬Ǳⵢʱ䡣
߮ʵ˵ʦҿɲƭˣܳɸ
߮˶Ա֮ʵϴḶ́С˵תöϸ´˶֮Ĳ࣬ظ
ӲװƣȻˬ͸ˡ
ͥҵɲ߮Ĺֻǵҽ
ܳԿʱüͷͽһ壺ôأ˵ؽڣҪ֫Ļⲻؽƺ滹ҪƤ갡
ܳأ۲ʱ򣬵һӣʹ˳ͥҵӡ
Ҷֲ֪֫ʵ֪ǣȶֲ֫ѵľǻ˲ֲ֫
Ǳֲ֫ڳIVˣֻ棬ûôѡ
һܹ뵽ĿǶֲͥҵȴǵһʱͿжֲ֫֫Ǳ
пŵ
һ仰óͥҵ֪ܳĶеġ
ӹɵ˵ҽϴ̨֣ɣ
˵鷳ģûڣ˵˵˵ͥҵô˵ʡ
ܳɿһ˶ǵͷ֮
ŵ½ڣҿܻҪȥϴּ΢侲һ¡Եһ
ܳɴ˿ʵ΢еƣһûϢҪ¶̼ԼѹһЩȥԸ
Ͼ˱ֲָ̨֫ˣ
˿ܳ˯Ҳû˵ɶ
̨ܳ΢ĦһҰ֮󣬾͵ϴʦȡ˨ĵܣ
ϴֻʿĪܳɿһۣ֪ˣ֮ǰ̨ɳصһҽԺģǰҽԺ
ǾֻԸпһ£һѼ⵶
崴ͥҵѾ߰˰ˣֻǻŻ˵ĺۼ
ܹѻ崴жֲ֫Ǳͻģܳɾ÷ǳ
ֻ֮ǷǳҲԣҲ˵ʡ
崴֮⣬ͥҵѪܵǺϣҲֻѪܵǺϡ
ģֲָ˳ݻ˵ʱ䲻ͬ
֮ǰԪΪǵˣϱƽҡ
ߣͥҵϹʱ򣬾ͲѾСʱˣ崴Ҫʱ䣬ٲѪǺͨĻûˡ
ҲǺ֮ȻûԶѪˣǲģܳȡѪ˨ġ
ˡѪơʯϵĵ绰ֵܶˣҿһ۾ˡȻŰ߮߮Ͱܳɸҡ
ܳɲûóͥҵ˵ȶã֣Ѫܵδһ󣬱ڻԶƤϿһӡ
Ѫ˲ͨ˶ûѪҺ
ƺӰܳɵĲܿͰСѪܸ˳͸ˡѪ˨һ̾Ѫ׼ĳͥҵ
ǸˣҲǸҽѪͺ˷ܡ
ѪˣѪˣ
ҹ棬Ȼ»ʲôᡭ


һʮ ˵ܲܲ˵
ѪͨǶֲָܳɹıϣ
ѪҺ֮Դ
ȻͥҵѪҺ֮Ϊ˷ܣܳҲûѪҺ̫ãֻڿѪ֮󣬾̰ѽĶ˵Ķöибˡ
ѪҺһγɵ΢СѪܳһһ
תͷһۻߵѪѹƽȣŻһ
ͥҵ켸ʶԼʧ̬
ֲ֫ȻΪҽѪҺıǸ˷ܵģҲÿôáѪȴᡣ
ѪܷߡֱܳϴֻʿҪѾõķߡ
ʵȡѪ˨õĻѪƵרҵȡ˨ߣٲҲôܣӽԼʱ䡣
пȡ˨ȻˣõܵǮ
ʵ˷ѵʱԼķãȵܵǮˡ
ǣҽԺĻʯûܸңҲû취飬Ҳһʱܹġ
ɹµеעҲҪҽԺ汨̣ҽԺͳһɹ飬ȻҲΪ˱֤һЩܣҲһ̶ȵơ
ʱɹҪֹѪƵĻʯǩ֣ΪǿƵĴγ棬ûʯǩ֣ܳǿ϶˵ġ
ܳпȡѪ˨֮ҪѪܼܲȡԶ˵Ѫ˨߮üͷһ塣
΢΢ҡҡͷ
񱾾ֶ룬ȴΪеԭ򣬲òӳʱ䡣
ǣ߮翴ܳǺѪܵٶȼ죬ûһ򣬸ոпĶͱˡ
ΪȫжϣֻҪϺòֹ״Ѫܱڼɡ
ᣬܳɰѪ֯һͲȥᣬٴδ˽˵ĶС
ָŶβλʾָʾָʳָʾָǹٷΪʳָָָʼĲ
۲CTҲXߣûд͸
˿Ѫ˨ľλá
ʵ˵пȡ˨֮ԱൽIIԭ򣬲Ѫ˨пȡ˨ôѣܼ򵥣ֻҪCTAʾѪѪ˨λá
ѧʮϤסԺҽʦɡ
֮Ա֫Ϊѵԭ򣬾ûCTA£ôѪͨѪĿǰؽ顣
˺Ķ෢˨Ѫ˨λò̶͸ȫȥѪ˨Ļʵ
ĿǰäȡѪ˨Ҳ;һλõܳԶȡ˨ȡȡֻܽ֫
жٹȫÿˮƽͻԼ
Ҳ˵λѡ
ִҽѧУһֱѵĲǲϣϾͰ˶λͶԡ
ʱǶλѣʱǶѡ
ˣͥҵڿܳͬץһأٴΰ㶯ͳʱ߮ǿܳɵĲԾ֮
ͥҵԼƵľ뢣ѪƵĽ˿֪һ㡣߮ѪƵ츳ѣֹһεϴѧҽԺѪƽڶ̾Ϣ
߮С
ܳɵַ߮˼ܶ
ܳɵ⶯пȡ˨òѾǼˣԳΪˡ
ܣǼɣܣɡ

ָܹܸܳѪ˨λúͶĲѶȣжΪġ
֮߮Բ̨һΪţΪ˫ֲ
õҽǼΪؼģ
һ̶ϣ֪ޣ˵Ǵɣһֱ֤
Լܳһ˫֣Լĸĸǲǿܲˣ

һѪ˨ܳɸ˳ɫĳ״Ѫ飬Ѫܵʱһ͸У൱ѹһϲ飬Ŀ
ǳʺϷ顣
ʶܳȡѪ˨˼ֲ֣켸˵ɫȴ൱Ź֡
⼸Ǽ˵ʾܳɵĹ
ȻδӴ̫ѪƵȡ˨ǶԹѼѪǳġ
ѼѪӲпõοǷ̵ʪѼѪ
PSĻ»ʱÿӼһѼѪѪɣ
ܳæңȫעûע˵ͱ顣
пȡ˨ȻֻǼ򵥵IIܣΪ˰ãģĸһӣŴﵽȻԭŵġ
Ҳǽѧʱ
ٴηϺ
ܳɾְһ֧ͨڵѪ˨Ҳȡ˳
ſ˵Ķк󣬼Ѫ
֮󣬼̽֫Զ˵Ѫˡ
򵥡
Ȼһעͷָָ
̣һȻȵָоʱ򣬴ƵѾȬ
ֻĴָָָСָѪͨð˵ѪֻʳָָһƬѪ
ˣܳϵ½ڣʾָĹж˨ˣȲ˰ɣȴֻ֣ȥԲȡѪ˨
˵Ѫ״̬Ʋãпȡ˨ЩʱȲպϣŰɣǽ顣
ͥҵ̵ͷüпһ˵õģҽˡ
ϿʼϲѪܴ˵Ĺ̶Ļʱ̶ɡͥҵΪе˷ܵص
ʱȱѪĶ֫ѪܴѪܴǼһֳƺʵҲԽ񾭴ɡ
ͥҵΪƵҽڱ֫ʱĺܴûһѪƵҽϡ
ʵ˵ȻĿǰһƱȸҪԴһЩչ˵㣬ûиõĴ
ѪڸһĻͥҵã͵ѧߣô׷
ͥҵõǺѧߣǸ󣬾Լĺ󱲣ǣԼƳˣ˶ѡ
һѾרƵĴС
һõŶӣܴǲ顣
ͥҵԽԼҽԺȥѪƵԮҽԺѪҲҲ
ǣǳͥҵһθܵԭһõѪƵĴֲ֫뱣֫ʵԱü򵥺ֻܶ࣬ҪǺͿǸôã
ܳûȥ˼ָͥҵĶֲ֫ĲЩǾֱ˶Բࡣ
ȥæͥҵʼǴ¼ܳ
ﻹ˵ţСܣҪ˰
֪˱ûʲôݣĹ˾֪ΪγˣǰɳͥҵҽԺҲڸ߶ȹע̨
ֻǲףΪι˾ֱӰѲתȥϴѧҽԺҪҽԺ
ܳЦЦû˵
֮£Ҳȷ࣬ʵѾеˣڼ֡
ܳΪϲǣԼڴһѪˣƺҪȶԲѪ˺һЩܳҳѪ˨֮Ѫ˾̱ͨ
һܳڶ̶̵ʮʱ䣬Ѫͨһ
󹦸ɡ
꣬ܳʵͿ̨ˡ
Ҳǳ³һ˵Сܣˣ̨Ϣһɡ
ѪͨǰѶֲ֫ĿԸסˡֻҪѪ˼ͨôʱ߾Ϳ̫ڵ֫ԶȱѪ⡣
˸βʱ䣬һ߹ĦͥҵȻ˵㣬Ҫҹ
ѧϰʱ򣬴Ҷôġ
ʼʱΪѧϰ崴ҹڲΪ˵ȰҹԺļһ崴һѧϰʡ
ܳҪͷɿͥҵǱ߰ѳʱÿ̶ϵûģǡ
֫Ķ϶ڹؽڸؽڸǼֹ㴦Ҽ󲿷вȱ˱Ҫֹؽ
ؽзϣҲֲ̨ܹƤˡ
ǰ
һڵļֹûؽõĻĻָ鷳ܴġ
ǰȨȻûʲôҲ׿˵ˣȨѡ
Ȩĸ磬ܳɲϤȨ֣Ҳ㹻Щطˡ
ü󣬽ΣҪȥ½æ߿ʼϣ
ǰڵϸ崴ͥҵѾüΪˣȻ֮ûҪô๤
覲褣覴޹ؽҪķؽԸΪҪЩ
ܳɵĽ鲢̰֮ǰѪпȡ˨õ˵Ŀ϶̧ͷ˳ͥҵһۡ
ͣѾ㹻ĻѧϰͥҵҪ˼·ڿףԼ֣棬ҲΪ⶯½ھأ
ιȥɣͬʱ̨ҲЩͥҵǶһЩ˽ġ
ϾΪһΣǹƵȻҲ˼۵ܹ߰Σٰ̨ǿ϶ûġ
ĿľΪ˱֫һЩβĹͱ߽ǻɣȫ⡣
ܳɾͺ컻λá
ңͥҵˮƽѾǼΪˣٶȲܳڶԲȡ˨ʱѾڷϼͼˡȻڴڼ䣬Ѿ񾭵Ķ϶˸˳ϣֻˡ
񾭵ķϣһڷò£û⣬Բһʱ̡
ܳҲֻǽӹλãһ
ܳվȴ֣֣Ѿż΢΢еˣķȣһ̶϶Ӱ쵽˳ͥҵС
Ȼͥҵû˵ʲôֻżһ֣Ȼ
ܳɿ˿ʱ䣬Ѿ賿һʮ塣
Ѿ֮󣬱ƸԺģӽʮĸ䣬ҹȻˡ
ѹʣʦҪҪ̨Ϣһ
⻰ͥҵܳɽ֮ϾͻӦǰΣңȫûע⵽ôˣǸϢһˣ˹
̨̨ʮ࿪ʼģʱ򱻽йѾΪá
˿ȫţͥҵô˵۾գգе㸴ӡʵѾˣΪһҽҲǰҽԺ߳һӵĹǿ֡
Ȼվ̨վȣҲǾΪζģҲ֪ԼǼ̨ϣǵû棬Ӱ쵽С
Ϻҫ裬ȥΡ
Ȼ˵ʦȻȥϢɣ컹ҪϰࡣǼڣʵˡ
ֿΪ忼ǡ
ֻ̾һ˵ͷڣǺ˰ϲԽΪܣʵ΢еֲסˡ
ͥҵ˵ˣǱδϣϵ׳ӹǣʮ껹̨ܲһ
ʵҽʵһĻ
ʮ굽ʮ֮䣬ǻƽ䣬ΣƾѾ͸֧ˡʮ߰˻̨ϻԾģࡣ
ϴѧҽԺЩڣֻˡ
ĬĮ̆Ťҡ
ſڵʱǳػͷİ׳ӰһۣӣвΡ
սذսתˡ
ΪԼǣҲΪ˵İȫǡ

ߺ󣬳ͥҵ˵ΣǿƵΰðͻ̨ǲǻڴ鰡
ʮεصǰ½ڣҲЦʦ͸õֻͣǿֲһֻʣʦһ˻Ծڿˡ
˽ӲסҲֻμˡ
ЦȻҲ֤ڵ̱Ƚ˳Ļҿ϶һԲĪ˵̨ˣ˵Ǽ
˵ǰ˵̫Фںڵʦֱ֡
ͥҵ죬ţ
ôһˡ
Ҳ֪ڿ¾ϴѧҽԺĹǿƴμθԺλˣڵĻǿ϶ǿϴ˰
ǿƵϴͲʱˣ˵һ»ǰ²һ̨һȺڰھкͽѧ
ͥҵпοĵϵ׳
˵⻰ʱ΢΢ΪÿôͣҪڿﱼܾѡͬɡ
ǰо˸һĻҲͽͽˣֻǸҽԺĹǿˡ
ʦ
ƽ̨һǣ
ôòҲԣܳʤô
ͥҵɨܳһۣܾе㲻̫Ծ

ͥҵȻ֣Դҫ֮չʮ˳ϵḶ́ÿһΣÿһ붼ܹǡôķϵ
ȥ˹ŴԺĹΪšֵġ
չΪ˳ϵḶ́ȻҲǳ˳
ͥҵǸˣ̫һ˳ǲ̫õġ
ǳ̵Ķ
ǳڶ̬
̫˲У̫ɰͰ;ܡˮҲУˮ«ܾûо
üʱжܳɺҫǻ
ҪôܳɣҪôҫ裬ѱˬиˡ
Լһ߻
ˮĹӣˮ˲ˬ
ֻʣһؽϵļʱĿ۽ܳϡ
ʣСܻôҪԣ
ʵò£ҪôܳɣҪôҫ裬һ˽̨ȥһ¾֪˭ˡ
ΪѪͨʱҲɲôգֵ׷һġס
ҫԣʱɫһҧҧͣеʧ䡣
ԼһΣȲܳˣͥҵԾ뵱ѧָġֻǻܳԼģǳͥҵ͵ġ
ܳԸ󣬵ͷõģ½ڡ
ͥҵİţ궼ˣͷû̧ҫҲãܳҲãǿˣͥҵϲ˭ǹܲš
ֻ³ͥҵ̡
Ȼܳɾͽӹ˳ͥҵķߣһٴλ˻һɣʼ
ոʱ䣬ֻҪ֣һԴ˿΢ָһЩ
ڡû뼡㡣
ۡ⴩㡣
ܿ˺üš
ҫޱ飬ﶼΪʲôͥҵûѡϣɳͥҵɫͽ
пŵһ֪
ԪסҵˣܳСһԻһԿԼϰ죬Ҳ֪ǲ뱳Լһ¡
ΪܳĽǶĽǶȣͥҵоһɼΪרҵķ
Ҷ٣˿ͣ٣ַ
ʲôϣʲôʵǸɴ࣬
һһ᲻׵ļͱܳɷϵʵʵңܳɻ̽һ·ߵոպãڱȳͥҵϵض΢ôһС
ԵĻи
ܺ󣬷߷춹ΪʲôƣʵиǿַͨͼգѶǹ򡣣Ͳֺ̽ͿˡȤĻҿȥĳһµӲ˼顣
ܳɱ˷ߺͳ
ͥҵ˵½ڣǼ񾭺ֹؽȥ϶Բࣿ
һĲ֮󣬰ѵ㶼ͻ֮ʵһ̶Ͻⷢӣ
Ժˬ
ѵǴ򿪳δխأ
Ѫ֮Դ˶ıԴҲѪܴɺͱѪܣ
ͥҵüͷһܳ⻰Ĵ𰸺ֱۣ˵Ȱ񾭷ɡ
Բ༡ͼ춼ڷ죬ڹȥǸҫȥȥʣȥ
ôͥҵʡ
̽ܳɵĵס
ͥҵһǣ˲Ůˣû̽׵ĵ·
΢һ㡣ܳҲȴ
ΪǺǶжȨޡ
ٲãͥҵȨˣдͥҵٵIVҲû˱
ǾһϣԼʱ䡣ͥҵһ˵
񾭷ߡ΢60ȻеʿԸ
õģϿ΢60ѲػʿشȻϽȥҷߡ
ͥҵҲû뵽ܳĸһش𣬲á
񾭷Ȼ뼡ͬΪIIʵǲСģҲûмͼô򵥡
΢˿ܳɣ۾͵Цݱڵסˡ
ܳɣͲ󣬲ƺʵŶҽԺ֤ǲʿܲȥ
ܹõ߮ƼĻ
ףƻ᲻ᱻ϶ˣ
Ȼʡ
ֻǣõ񾭷ߺʹ΢ƳܳɶûѲػʿҪ۾еֱӿʼˡ
ţ΢Ƶеһף۾һڳͥҵһڳͥҵͷϡ
֮ǰܳɷϼ⣬ǻԲҪڣ
ܳҲȥλҪңϵֲ֧СԺܿܳɾͱ֣
ܿĤķϡ
ȻܳɲûǺȫΪ񾭵ķϣ뼡ⲻͬһӷȫ̡
񾭵ĽʿԷֳĤ
ͳǺʵԷֳǺĤǺ
ĤķǽĤԳƵ50˿ǣת¶ȷϲԺ9110ϸ˿߻23Ĥϡ
ǺϣòͬһƽԷ以ճ
50˿ߣߺ68ĤļϷϣĤĤͬʱϡϺõڻ򼸶Ĥ϶Ĥڡ
ͥҵѡ60ķߣʵѾǼӴͳĤѶȣⲢѵܳɡ
ܳ񾭷ϣû̫໨ڵļɣϤĿǰķϷ˼¶ѡ
ȳͥҵĤֶ֮ܳѲػʿѲʦһ100ķߣҲ΢ǡ
ȷĤٷ
˳ͥҵһͥҵɨܳɷϵĶλһۡ
ţû⡣
СӵôٺȺܿ찡
֪ΪˬΪʡ
ܳõ΢Ƿ֮󣬺ܿͷҳĤ
ĤǲңĤ󡣱Ҳ֡
ҫ趼ûףܳɾѾţ
֮ǰ΢һǣܳɵķϹ̣ȴ߮綼üͷ尡ôҲô
΢۾ȥĤʵ۾Ĳ಻
ǰ۴Ҫֻ
񾭡񾭡񾭡
ܳɷϵλãǳ񾭣ͥҵϵλã񾭡
񾭣ѵĲλǰеλá
λõķϣ˵ѣѵģҲ϶򵥵ġ
ͨ׵񾭣Ĥɵġ
񾭷Ա۴ڲ˴ڲΪ11ҪΪ
ϱ۴ڲ16˶άΪĻ13ԸоάΪĻ3
ⲿŹ߹ӥ֮ĳ񾭹ڣ˴ڲΪ12˶άΪĻ4ԸоάΪĻ26
ǰ۲Ϊ18˶άΪĻ3ԸоάΪĻ510
񾭵ֱô㣡ף
ʮˣֱ
ĤеһСС֡
ܳǲǶĤʲôִźͼɰ
ȻϽ˦ͷϸܳɵĹˮƽԼ֮Ĳ࣬ͬʱڲɨܳͥҵ񾭷֮Ĳࡣ
񾭿ԷֳĤ
Ĥԣʵ񾭵ķϣ񾭷ϣĤĤķϣ񾭱ǲġ
룬˾Ҫˡ
߽ҲҪ⴦С
ΪֻĴ֮󣬲ܹ񾭵õõı߽ᣬпܻ񾭵¿ѹ֢״ģѹ˲ͬǻɲͬĽġ
ǰۣȻʮ书ܸвͬ
2˶ɼ֧
񾭼ڳָ߲֮䡢߶ڲ½ؽϷֱ֧
˴51˶άΪĻɡ
ֱ֧Ϊ4ԸоάΪĻֱֲ߲Сָָָ߲뱳Ƥ䱾㶹С
Ȼ߮ƺע⵽ˣܳɵ߽ᣬƺڳĳķ
һΪĵ뷨չˡ
ܳɣĪǰǵ˶֧ǵо֧Щǻ֪˰ɣ
߮۵úרҵΪרҵ
ҫ趼㲻ס
û͸Ҳûϸûϸȥо
ٴҽѧǴͳҽѧִҽѧ԰ѵ͸ס
֪߮һЩ֫ʦһֵĸоȻ˶֧óλãһнж˧ҽѧУȻܹá
òƣܳڰ߽᷽Ҳ˼ңܳ򣬻жϲһľǡ
΢񾭷ǿյģȵ֮󣬷߾Ȼˣ߽ҲʧʱĤһˣȻȻػѹ
ǣһǳרҵ⣬ðˣ߮Ժ
ܳɸ磬ôĤĻȥĤճķأ߮ʳؼ⡣
ǶĤ֮䣬ѹţ֢״
ϵ߽Խ࣬ڵѹԽߣԽײѹ
̼֮£ͻð
һ⣬ʵ漰˺ܶ෽֪ʶ֪߮ʶ̡
ܳɵüͷһ壬˵߮ôѻش𣬶ǣΪĤĿԲ̫󣬱Դ̼ԣСöࡣ
ԣܳǰģ⸱棬Ҳδǹ⣬ճ⣬ˣĤļᶨϣڻָΪͬһƽķϣճĻᲢ󡣡
֮󣬾Ϳʼ΢ȵı˶
˶ͱԼǱ˶
⣬̽һ¡
ڹܲô࣬ǳСܳɵ֪ʶä֮⣬񾭷ȼ֮ϣ¶ʱ򣬸ÿǵ⡣
ȼڣˡ
ܳʾĻʱöŶվŵĳͥҵüͷݺһüͿԿʼ𣿡
ƽʱһ˲ˣҲʮ쵽ʮG
ΣǶǳ컹ż찡
˵ģ⣬ͥҵ죡
˵ΣߵĶֲ֫ԭӱǶ󰡣ܻˣ
ԣ̷˷ۣһæЦ˵½ڣС˵ˣ߳ܿʼһģһ¶С
ͬʱܳһۣûҵΪոܳ۷ĤĲʵ̫ɧˣע⵽˳ͥҵжͣسܳɿ
ǾѲػʿ΢Ƶ۾ȥݸܳãڷϼ⣬ʱûۻ軨ز
߮ܳɵĻȻ˵ģȻĻͬʱȥһӵ񡪡
ʵΣ֪˵ģ㲻ĻܲܲҪ˵
ѧ⣬Ǻڵĸ桢̨׵һס


һʮ ŵɧ
Ļܳصʵ֮Уտڲˡ
ܾ飬ʵݲǾʲôµĸ
Լң߮룬Ѫпȡ˨ҲǱ֫ɺҪ뿪ģǱ֣ҲæҵΧ
ֻԼһԸضһܹϺ񾭷ϣⲿ֣ǳͥҵǫã˵ֱ׵㣬Ǿʹ͡
ֻܳסԺҽʦܵõ̶ӣڲ̶ﲻһ㣬ԵƤضЩ
ʵϺ˵Ұܳɲ˶ѣߣǵƤǲѣǽж¡
ܳԼֲ֫üãû
ܳɲֻǴܳԼϺǰŲ̶
ǰϴѧҽԺĳͥҵڣʡƵĶڣôܳɳ˴Լ֮⣬˳ǹ졢ǵ¼ҽš
ܳڵݡ
һ˵֪֮죬̶ܶϣǿǷçײçײ˼Ӵ˺⣬ǿԼ飬ԼǷӦ
Ǳϵĳأɼװࡣ
ˣ֪ܳԼ˵Ļʵһ̶ϴǡ
ٳͥҵôΪģԼʵ϶ͷϣǱȻᷢһЩᣬͺñ֮ǰĶ̶ֽ
̶ϸؽ͹붡ֵᣬԼǰֶܳɲᡣ
ͬ飬ܳɲΡ
ܳɱտڲ˵߮˲̾һƿС˵˾ʴ߾Ȼ£ϲ£ܡ
֪ģתշ̫ˣ
ȻܳˣѡҪ˵Ͳ˵Ȩ
߮Ҳ죬ǹǿƴΣһ仰ܳɱ죬߮粻һ仰ܳٴοڡ
ͥҵҲˡ
ϴѧڻƸίͷΣԺܶεʱ򣬶ΪãǶͿֻμ˺ãһ
ǲôˣͥҵҲǿܳɰʣµĶ˵ֻ꣬ǾΪź
ոռһΪҵѧײ𻨵ģôϵʵϧ
Ժӻܳɺ߮Ȥٴ֡
һʱ
ܾ߮ʡ
о仰ѵ⣬ǽĴ𰸡ܹ⣬߮籾Ĺס
ֻǣõ׳ֻ֮ܳüشһ룬𰸻ˡ
˱ܳǱ߿ȥֻܳǼĬĬطĤ
ͥҵҲͲ͵ˣҲǼʼԼıְ
ܳɻĲҲǻģãԼøӾһЩҲû̫˼ȥ۽ܳɵĲ
磬Ҫ˼άײ֪ļɣ˵΢ĩˣô
߮ۿܳɺͳͥҵķһҲʧȥٿȥȤǻعͷţܳΪʲô˵Կʼܶ⻰
Ҫִ֪ҽѧǽģֻô˳һ˵֤㻹ûףֻѧƤëè֤ѡ
֮µڲ߼ʵ˵ġ
ɽһǣǲõĽǣ֪߮̽ɽȤǸǣҲǱ۸ѡ
ҫȫ̳Թϣһܳɺͳͥҵڽ񾭷ϣתͷȥͥҵæȻѱǳͥҵָܳߡ
԰ԸĦͥҵ񾭷ϵشĦеϸڡ

һߣ쿴Լ˵껰߮תߣͥҵ̱죬Ŀ׻ûˡ
׼õģͥҵǣǴ⽻㲻εġ
׼˴𰸣ɳͥҵûʳǵǲˣ
˸
ҽѧʵҲãרҲã֮䲻ʲô¼ϵ֮ϣϼҽԺùϵһ˼Ϊ˷תˣҽƾ׵ʱ򣬿ҵĽڣ
˼ǣϼҽԺĽǹϵˣȥ޵ʱһкԷͿ԰㰲׵
˼ǣϼҽԺ֧ԮҪʱԵһʱ뵽㣬ѧһʱ
΢ζһԼľû
汻ͥҵˣԼ˶ܳ˵ô㣬ΪˣǲǸ鷳ʹԴͷϣ
ϣȻҲԼ֮ܳĹϵǸġ
ôʵҲûõİ취飬ֲܳ棬ܳɣ˺ĲԼô

񾭵ķϣҪĤĤķϡ
֮Ҫ뵽ǰ׼õѪܴУָ񾭱ĽλáжĻҪд˵ûб̫࣬˲ö⴦
һֲ֫Ĵ
ĴǣѪܡ񾭡졣ֻʣ¹ǵĹ̶ûгˡ
еƤϣǲʵġ
Ϊ̫Ƥȱ𣬺ƤֲѲ
ȻǲĻֱӰѼ˴ָֻҪܶˡ̨ԶԲ˺ͼˡ
̶֧ܵĹ̶ҫ棬ټϺVAC̶ҸסԺҽʦת
ǣͥҵȻΪ̨ˡ
񾭷ʱܳѾڵϵӣĿšе߶߶ʵܳڱĿ
ͥҵʣСܣ㻹кļֹؽҪҪ̨Ϣһ£
ϡؽֻԵĴڡ
ѧܸ˶ľ֪֧㲻ͬʡĳ̶Ȳͬ˶ĻȾͲһ
漰ֹεĻ֧㲻һ˶Ĺ켣вͬ
ˣֹؽڶֲ֫رǴŻ˵Ķֲ֫УرҪ
ڻˣûֹˣֻԶˣǷͺˡŻ˵Ļֲ֫Ѷȵõָ
֮ܳǰԳͥҵ֪ܳ˽ֲ֫ˣ붮еˣġ
ͺñȣ˼ҵ̢˼ҵɡ͵˱ԼͳԳ⣬͵Եĺ
ˣ˲ģǶģ
˵壬
ܳɵƤһ̧Ц˵½ڣãҸоԡ
ͬʱվص̯ص̨档
ȻͥҵͿҫ裬ת˼Ȧ˵ҽҪȥκεæɣҺС˾͹ˡ
ҫʱܵһ㱩ʵ˺
ԲۣСܺҽ֮ĳƺڲˣҪߣ
ͷʵص˵㣺õģ½ڡ
ȻĬĬشԱߵסԺҽʦ뿪ˣͥҵǽڣԺڣоԵѡ˭Ͳ˭ȨҪͬ⣬˶ˡ
ͥҵɨϰ֮󣬱ܳɶ˷ֱˡ󹤡۾ʼϸ崴ļ
ŻˣеĻ֯йˡ
ЩѵģҲֻǷκңһЩ˺ѣûϡ
ԼֹĹ̶ǳ΢ԣܵĻָġ
ֲָмż
ܻܲܻ˵ֲ֫顣
ûйܣûйܾͱԼƵҽֲָ
йܵĻָšָ˶٣ټ¡
ͥҵʱһʮضܳɵСܣǵһָ㼡ֹ㰡
ֲ֫ķϣܶؼеҽҲҲֻǷϵúòõ𣬵ǲļˣαĹܣҪעϸʵкܶࡣ
ͥҵ֮ԸһʡݵĶֲ֫ΪĻܶ࣬ڲݵʱ
ĽʣΪֹ㣬мΡ
ĽʣŻķȺʱ˶켣ֻܳҪ˵ͺˡ
ܳԣ˵ͷ㼡ҵˡ
Ϊ˵λⲿǰдû㼡㣬ֻҪֹ㡣
ܳϸµѪǯϸعĦ㼡Ĳд棬Ȼųͥҵſ룬ЩƵӡ
ܳɱ˵½ڣûí
ֹؽõĹ߾í̶˶ҽѧҪڰҽԺ˶ҽѧûŵĵطҲⶫ
ͥҵѲػʿȷû֮ɫ;̾һǾôͳİ취ɡ
ɸΪ֮
ʲôʲô
ܳɾذ㼡ֹ㴦΢ԭһǶȡ
ͥҵ״ɫ΢΢һѹ˵㼡ֹ㣬΢ڲ£㡣ȻֹǾͻ࣬Ҳô⡣
㼡ŹԵĽ1/3༡ֹǾͻĵײࡣĽѧṹ
ͥҵΪܳɲ̫ס
ܳȴ΢һؽڽ˴λã˵½ڣ񾭡
ڲΪżΪ㼡
ļάбż㼡ı棬Լǿż㼡ã㼡ʱ໬ƣͬʱҲЭͬżòǰĤŶͷĤá
ܳɵ㵽ֹţͥҵ϶˼
ͥҵ΢㵡
ܳɵѣһϸԵ⡣
񾭵ͨؽͻϹʱܵλ÷仯㼡ά㼡żλãͬʱҲ¶ţѹߣ粻ֱֹ仯ͻӹۺ
ؽ͡ŹϹʱӦˮƶȷڵѹɽʱӦпάţԱ¶񾭼֧
㼡ά7Oֱ3Oֱ˵㼡άſѹ񾭾һأۺԭһ²ֱѹȣ͡۵Ȳ״̬ǲۺǱڻֱԭ
ϸڣȻ񵥴ֻ˵ۺγɣʵ練㼡λˣҲᵼѹߡ
ԣܳڰ㼡ֹӿһЩΪ˱⵼Ƶ֢״ô
ͥҵͷƤʱ
п֣пŵ
ԽǶö࣬붮еʱ򣬻ջܳЩ֪ʶ⣬Ѿ˽ѧķ룬ǰ嶼ǽȥˡ
Щ˼·֮ǰڶֲ֫û˻ע⵽⡣
ܳ뵽ģ
ʱ⣬֪
Ԥϵˣһ֪㼡ļֹˣǰ˹Σ
Բܣ
ͥҵǼᶨΨߣõ˼άԲţԾֻܳɵӦԷ
ͥҵͶһ壬һչ⾫ʡ
ܳɾΪͥҵǲţ˲½ڣȻʱ̶֮㼡ͺˡ
񾭵Զ˱˷ϣԽ˲ܵʲôѹȣ
ǻҪ㼡άŸжϣ
ͥҵһͫɫһ֮Ѱ˵ãеλ̶
ͥҵܿˣͲٶƱˡ
ֻã棬϶Ķܳĵģͽ̫࣬ɢȥ켸ҹ꣬ԣֻ˵
ֻ¡
ǣ˿ܳɺͳͥҵǵһ¼򵥵Ľѧ֪ʶԶû̫Ĺע߮磬Ϊû߿ûܷӦ
ܳɺͳͥҵһζߣʵһѧ𵴣˵ѧʢ磡
ȻǻˣʵҪؽֹļⲢǺܶ࣡
ܹ㼡żǰԲҪ⼡ͷֹ㡣
ͥҵٶҲ죬Ѽֹʱ򣬶˲˼ķϣ
ȻгתȥģʵֹؽķϣҪѺ͸ӵö࣬ҪǵأҲ١
ڼ䣬ͥҵܳһ⣬ΪʲôҪȹ̶㼡ȹ̶żż㼡棬ڵ
ܳɸ˸򵥵Ĵ𸴣óͥҵʱһ㶣ڻûιܳɾȻô̵ʱǵôء
Щأƽʱעⲻϸڡ
󣬳ͥҵ̴ܳתսһ࣬Ϊ֮ǰһϾ飬˶ղؿʼ񾭵ķ뼡ֹؽ
ˣǱȥ˶̶̶֧ܵ
ʱ仺ţܿ賿ʮ֡
ܳɺͳͥҵˣһļֹؽҲؽڻñأҪؽļֹ㣬ﵽ֮ࡣ
ÿһؽܳɺͳͥҵˣǵأĹУѪǯ
ܳ뷨ѪǯָλãͥҵǻԼ⣬ָԼΪʵλá
һ£Ϳʼϸµۡ
ֹؽܳͥҵһգ
ܳɾΪ⣬ôҲ벻Ϊֹ㣬ǳͥҵ˵øеأļֹؽȼ
յ˵ͥҵһֶӮ˲Ŷ԰
ܳɵıԾᡣ
ܳ飬ȴѳͥҵˣܳɼѹ۲ҧ촽ܳɿܳһû˵˼
ܳɣ㲻벻ͨɣ
ܳæתͷƺͥҵ˵
ͥҵˣܳĸ밡ԼָֻһȻơ
G磬ǽڻǽڣ
⻹û벻ͨˣֻǸ۵Ļ治ʺϵҽ
ܳæ˵½ڣҲ벻ףҾãոսֹؽӦòǳ˼·
ܰףԺ治С
ܳʵܹõͥҵָ;Ǻ¡
ģȼԶҲ϶ߵȼոճͥҵĻ¶һ·
Ҫ¶ҪѵĹСһҪʮ˼·С
ͥҵܳôͣ鵹滺٣ѧ֮Ǻ£ҲǼΪҪġԼһ벻ףҪ֮۽
ƤʤȻΪѧǸô
ˣҲ˵
п𣿡ͥҵܳߵ޾µĻͰԣͥҵܳɣȻһġ
Ȼ߮ѾʱԱ߸ſȥˣ
ͥҵﰵ߮С󰡣ΪԼǲ۲۵ģŰ
߮Ҳġ
£ĸ˫һؾǽȥһ̹;ȥǻʹһӡ
߮ĸĸ˫˻һ
Ļţõġһӣ³Է⼸֣߮ԼŬпʵֲɡ
ҲûҪҽ·ġ

ͥҵʶ߮ģ֪ӣǰжŬģ
ĳɼ츳϶ռ˰ٷ֮ʮǰŬҲѾԸɵͨ˵İٷְŬ
ܳɾͿһۣ˵½ڣȻȥϢɣҵ̨ˣߡ
֪ͥҵлҪ˵Ҳͳͥҵ𰸣ߡ
ͥҵǳͥҵܳɡ
ܳɾܳɣǰҽԺĹ࣬һôҲƲȥܳҲϣƹȥ
ͥҵͷ߮磬ҡ
ܳĬĬػص֮ǰ߮ŵλãпǽڣ˯˹ȥ
С
ʾҫܳɺѻȥ˯ȴҽ˵ʦһɡһϣСܶҲۻˡ
Ϣһ°ɡ
ˣҸǵδ绰ٻȥϢɡ
̨˵Ǿܳɺͳͥҵ˲˵ȫ̽ͣҪܳɺͳͥҵɵġ
ˣʱѾߵʮ
˲һȻȥ˵һҲָܻΣҪˡ
ʱÿ칫Ƿˡ
ȻŴ绰˲̶˵ܳɵ顣
û뵽ǣ̶ĻʱըˣɫˣΣ˵ʲôܳϣָһϵļ
Ķأû°ɣһǹĺżӡ
ܳɣ𣬾Ͱֻܳߣò̶һ˵˾еˣǰҹżæŵġ
̶ʱõſڣȻһ߲ܣһ߽˵Σ治һ
СźȥɳصһҽԺ̨һ̨֫һ̨˫ֲֲָ
㵽˿ʮһŻ
ɶǴֹۿתܺķġ
˲̶Ľͣһ㶡
󣬿ܳɵɫˡ
һֲ̨֫Ǽϳ½ڣ˽һϣƺͶָȻȶ֫򵥣ܳһ˫࣬һ̨֫Ļ
⹤ɾͲü򵥵̨οԺˡ
ǹݣҪɵв
ҿǲˣûüʡھң䣬ӦģҪڰѣȥϢǾһֻ˵һ䡣
֪飬Ҫʱͱϣ
ˣΡ΢Ϣһɡ
ûٹϵû齻̶ߣȻҶ˵绰
Ҳҡҡͷܳɣﰵ⡣
СӣҲúܣˣȴһ仰˵ȻȥϢˡ

Ҳİ
˸ƴˣ˭ǰġ
ֻǲԼˡ
ţȥ
ţ̶Ϳٵظϵ˵䣬յˣܳɱűҵǽ˯󣬱ִĵ绰˵ǵȻҵĻȱܳɸŪѡ
湤յ㲡˶ѾҪ˵ġ
ֻǰϵļŸոո꣬Ȼûô촦úβ
Ҫ´ɨһңܹʹá
ԣһӲˣҪһʱ䡣
ĹԱڴɨʱǰҲûŵܳɵϢΪ˰ҹ͵Ϣҽˣ֪ࡣ

ʼһֵĹա
Ҳʼһ£ȻǿƵʵ̶ĻᲢࡣ
ֻҪ̶鲻ʱĻ
ʹʵܹǰ°Ӳࡣ
һĩѲ̶ճһ
ڴ̶ܾˡ
̶=°࣬Ϣ
Ȼһ޹ؽҪС飬뿴һ£ԼʦֶŮûаǸǿƵҽõ֡
ԼһΣ;زˡ
ԷŷҪȥԷԼʱ϶пյģȴû롣
֮ǰһκȿȣܳҲ١
ټϣܳɵֵߣŻҲڣϴѧҽԺҽмӡ
ۺؿǣϸܽԼˡ
˼ҾУûԡ
ܳɳҲ
ʲô츳֮ģ͸˵ˡܳǲ󸻴󣬸úȣҲԲƸɡ
ϣǮ˲٣֪ߣ޼
ܳɶͷҲͶٶͷܳԼʦֶŮˣҲǳ£ԼǸת΢ϵʽĹ˶ѡ
ڼȻҲ̸ʲôڶʳ
ң֮֮ǰܳɴδĹ졣
֤ܳҪôܹݣҪôǶֵȵһжȤ
ȻܹݵĻҲԼ̫ˣܿܣԼûԼôҪ
żȥԹ߽䡣
ԹԵҪȣѰ
һӶ೤ȻҪúѡ˵þڵԼء
ֻǣ߽䣬򿪵ʱͿһߡʬ塯ͷ
֮ǰһֱڵϹͻȻһˣǻˡ
ֻᱻŵöǽǿ޵Ůӣ̰˷ƣڵʵųв
һ׵
ߡıǻײ
޵
˷
Ҳðȷܳɵݡ
ظԶܳɷ˷ۡϵĲؼ˯ʬǹİ
Ž䣬Ϳ绰˵ҪܳɵϢ϶ɶɶ
ŵ绰İʱ﷢ࡣ
ʦҪĻ绰˰һԶ˯ССʱݾʹġ
ôʱĿԽ
ԭܳһϵûüȥѽ
ѹִôء
Ҫǰһһҹ˶Ҫûˡ
ţڻûֵҹ࣬Ժ϶Ҫֵģе㺦¡
˵绰󣬰ӾСҲ׵ôˡ˻һʱ䣬ɡ
ȻʮӺ󣬲ƽˣѲػʿѲƽʱ򣬵ҪȥܳɵĵӣΪܳɵסд˽ӵ
͵͵˯Ҹλã
Ȱˣ㣬˽ߵӣ
ĽŶʱһգȥ˯
աҲ֪Ϊʲôֻ˵
ʱ̾һеܳ
Ȼ࿪ʼȥ׼еʵʵ׼ܳˣǹ֮ĵƷ
˵ʮ壬ʹ
ȻȨԼƵ˾Ⱥҡ
߮Ȼȱϯ˵ģ찾ҹ
̶Ǵ򺣱ͶϾ鷿ʱû
Ƶͷ˵ܳɻȥϢɡȥϴ֡
ȨȻҲֵҹ࣬Ҳû˯ãƣܳɣ˿ļΪΣߵܳԱߣһƣõƵĿ϶֮ܳɵļ
ܳɸ磬ܳɸ磬ѣѣҪˡ
ʦȥϢ
ܳɴ˿̻ΪеԺ
Ȩվһ۾ҿ˿ͿҵƬŲ˵ǰƽƬ
ȻܳɾվӽſڵƬȥ
ȨΪܳˣҲȥ޾׼̧ˡ
ܳߵҵƬǰֻǳҵƬɨ˼ۣ
ߵ̨ԡ
˱ǵĻ֫
λ
˫ס
һᣬǣ
λ
ţæŵˣֻһ
عͷһۺĿɿڴ
ΪܳɾȻڸλ󣬶Ȩ֣˵Ȩӣʯ࣬ӡһʯ̶֪飬Ȼǵշѡº󣬻顣
˵꣬ߵԭλϣ֮ͷһ
Ȼ˯˹ȥ
֮ǰ˯߻ξƵġ



ࡢȨˣ˲ʯˡ
ôգ


һʮ ջ
Ͱ˱סˣ
ɵɵؿܳɡ
ܳȻƺ˯üΪ𣬷һƵġ


ĵж󰡣
ͻȻôһ⣬ܹ˯ô
üͷһﰵ⣬ĪǣȻһ䣬ѲCۻȻ˰ɣȻֿ˿̨ŵĲˣҡ
ڵûʼУܳɱѣȻôһµĻƲ̶ͷƤҪ顣
Ҫϸ޾ԭģܳɵδδ޾ף
еУΥ޾ԭ
޾ԭʱ޵ġ
Ƥֻܴﵽ޾
ˣпƤǰһ㶼޾ϩĤǣпƤпƤƤ֬пڱԵӦ޾ɴڸǲ̶¶пڡ
ƤӴĵƬеӦãӳпڻǰ75ҴƤһΣ
˿δʼ޾״̬δﵽֻܳڽӴ˵ǰδϴ֣࿴Ϊ
Ϊ˷ܡ
Ҫʼ˲̶Ľ
һ̨ǲҪˣ
°࣬࿴飿
ǲȱŵˣ̧ͷʻҵĳţʲôʯడҽϡ
Ȩһ飬æڽ˵ã˵Ĳ˵ĵİڲʹ˰ɣ
ʹˣʹˣ֮ǰˡ
ࡣʹĸоáһӣȨĻ󣬾˼Ȩп
֮ɵĳʹʼֲ֮ʹʸУһõġ
ոֻţӲĤʹ֮⣬˶ʹ¾Ҳˡ
ҲֻǸоԼĽƺһ£Ҳ֪巢ʲô
ܳ˯ţ˿˽
ȨͰ༸ԭеľ崴붼ûü򿪡
ЦҶڵҰ
С㣬鷳һ崴¡ؿ·һŴĹӸ磬æ
һҴȥˡ
˵ߵȨԱߣüȨһ£Сʣܳɻȥ˯ôôţ
ܳȻֻ̨еḶ́ǿɲѰ̨ġ
κһ̨ͨҽͷۣоƣߡ
Ȩϵ˵ʦҸսˣܳɸˣҾ͹׼̧ȣٽһ°
ȨȻƽոշ飬Ȼٳȥ崴ĹܳԱߣٴҡܳɡ
ܳɱٴԺ˹վ
ȨûˣֱӰܳסܳ˵ܳɸ磬ˣʦؼȥϢ
ôҪעܳɵ״̬С
˸δѵʱʵʶôģرڰҹµʱ򣬸ˡ
ܳͷݺݵش˴۾Żָһ˿־ͷ˿ҵļʱ壬˵Ѿ˵˰ǲգ
ܳɻǵýա
߽һ࿪õ崴һ˵ϽȥϢҲûϵϵҲ
Ϊˣס϶鷳֣ʵﻹܳɵġ
Ҳ湻ܳš
ܳرպ˼۾ҲǾȻ֮ǰе͸֧;񣬾͵ͷ˵ã
ܳɸҪ߳ſڣͻȻԼոѹһΣȻһַλ
ɻͷƺȨѾʼı̽ˣҲסˣҲʦ˵ʲôˣ͵Ϊ˽ȱϯգΨһһ˿˿˰ɡ
֪ܳййؽûֻϧĵһ̨ؽûԼҪȱϯˡ
ģҪ
˿ʱ䣬ȥ
ʱ̨ԵȨС˵
ʦոܳɸʵѾһΡ
˯ԺʱҽƾԼֵ̨࣬Ծ͸ַλҲ֪þô
¿̨֮ǰ͸һΰɣ
Ȼ̧ͷɫӣȻĬĬ˵ͷ
á
ö
Ʊ߽࣬ʣ࣬ոܳɸַλ𣿡
šͷ
ʱܳѷѵ״̬˵һҽʯࡣСûʯࡣͷ׶ţ
̫ˡܳɵԵã඼ܳ˵ȥ𷣻˵ܳʲô
ƻһ
׼һ£ǰ͸һɡƾͶԸ
׼ʱ׼Cۻˡ

C͸ӵĽˣƿ긴λƬӣĬ
ȨҲĬ
ոտۿܳʶȫ״̬£ĹַλȻܹѽôá
ɲƽʱ򣬶̨ҲּΪ򵥺ͳļ򵥹ۡ
ǹɹǹۣ
λ͸Ϊˡ
ܳɵĹַλ²γ˼䣬۾Ŷ
ԱߵҽϸضƿƺЩڴ˵ʯ̨࣬ɡ
ڶеϴֻʿϽ̨Ӧúܿ졣εشߴࡣ
һ㶣ƺе⡣
ȻϽͬµ绰
Աߣ˵Ӧúܿ죬ȻҲеʧŻǾһ
ǲͬһ̨ûʼѾһ̨ô
۵ѵǸλڶѵǵǻ˿̸λˣǵȥ˳µ顣
ʱ䣭30min
°ʱ䣭30min
ʱ򣬰Ӳŷ֣°ʱ䣬ֹǰʮӣھŵʱƾʹȨڶڹ̶ˡ
ܳǰõǸλǹɹǹۣɹǹ۵Ļʯ̶޷ﵽᶨĹ̶Ҫڶڹ̶߸ְݶڹ̶
ƺȨҪ̶̨ǴŶϾ١
׵Ķ̶ŬصɴС۾ʣǸʲô
ĬĬû˵Ȩͻ˵ʦ̨ɹǵڶѾˡ
̶ԭز˲
ǰ˵֮Žӽôڲžŵ㡣̶ࡣ
֮ǰͶˣҪܳϢ˵֮ٽӲˡ
ҲֻǵΣǰ˵֮Žӵİ
̶Ĭˣһۣ˵ƣһ¡
ȻЩ飬оԼһڵĶϾͺȨʼ̧˵˫ȺѲ˴̨תת˳ϡ
ϾѹʣʦʲôʱҲôˣ
ոգϾоԼʦ϶Ǳ˰
ܳˣҲô죬һá϶Լʦһִܸа
һ¼ǾͺһƤȥˡ
¼Ļ̶ûʲôڸС
Ȩѹصܳɸȥ˯֮ǰַλ
Ͼ̻ȻǾͺˡ
ɹǹڶڹ̶ѵĵ㣬ķʱľǸλ̶ʵѡ
ףǾͺܺˡ
̨̨̨ۣؽûǲ̶ⰲŵģòƣԼʦֻһ̨ˡ
ʦ

ͥҵ߮羾Һһ··û˵ֱ˵³⣬߮磺߮磬˰
߮æأʦⲻڿ˯˰ҹôܽ࣬Ҫǳʦܳˡ
ͥҵȻֻԼʦֽڿһڡ
ʵ˵˹ǿרƵϸ֧Ƥֲ⣬ȱ𡢸ӹۡ
ԼʦóǸӹۣȱƤֲ
ƣǿԲдڵġ˵ڴǶĻôͥҵʡƵͷ
һ΢Ƶ˳ȥĻͥҵ϶ǲΣ붡ֲࡣɲֻǹ˸Ƶţ̫ʵµġ
ͥҵƣõġ
ԣ߮缴ڿʱҲԳͥҵͿġҵר
ͥҵһתʣסģ㣬˳˵
߮ͻأʦͣȻ㿪³֮󣬰Ҷ·Լ߻ȥˣЩ
߮ԼʦţڳͥҵǰֻԼ΢һ£ʲôģҪԼĻǵĵġ
Ӳ
ͥҵգգ۾ʣ°ҵǸܳɣʲôͷ
߮һ£صǰҽԺһͨҽڵӵġ
óͥҵƺǶܳɸȤˡ
ͥҵ˷ۣҵ˼ǣʦйϵûУǲǱ϶ˣ
߮ڰҽԺǶֵѧһʶܳɣ϶֪ܳɲͬѰǶȷֵģܳɴʲôЭ飬Ȼúһš
ѧ
ͥҵΪ϶Ƕ۾Źܳɡ
߮Ͻ˵½ڣˣ϶ˡֻܳǰҽԺͨĹҽʦûһϵ
½ԸܳɵѧĻҿԱ֤ʦ˵仰
߮࣬棬ﰵϲ
½ڣͰ˰ɣʡķˡ
ɳͥҵʲô˰ϴѧҽԺĽڣʶ㣬Ȼôñ߮ס˵˵£Ϊʲô
ڼȻʶܳɣΪʲôԼˣ
ͥҵ궼ʮˣ붡ദ˺üʮ꣬Ƣģɲ޹ǫõˡ
֪޹ʡǫáĻôڵĲξͲǶˣ߮ҲܳΪֵѧ
Ҫ֪߮ǰ˵ǿƶоͲʿʱ򣬿ɷһΪҵĿˮսƵĽִһţǿƵһЩڸ໥ᡣ
Ǵķռ˲֮ء
ֶܳɣûĹŹ֣ûճԼѧͨ϶ʲô֮ġ
߮ûͥҵͣҲûظͥҵӣͥҵˣ߮ҲͰļ򵥾һ顣
תͷʳͥҵ½ڣоʱӦҲڵʦŶаɣ
ʱûע⵽ܳ𣿡
ͥҵЩĿɿڴգգ۾
оĿԣǳܿܣ˾ˣһǼйҲ϶Ϊûеġ
һǺЩǰˣǳͥҵǵÿԵоͲʿһٶӽ٣һ֮ԵͥҵǼǲˡ
ҡҡͷ˵ҲԾôʱ䡣¶࣬ҲûôĹȥһһ࿼ˡ
϶ҲǱȽϽˡҽ쿴ܳпȡ˨ʱҲо˲һ㡣
˵ʱ򣬳ͥҵͷֻǰ˵ܳɲǶƣڴ˷棬ҲΪͨ
˵ֻͨ꣬һģʮͿʼƣҲڰ
еŹ֡
˵ţͥҵػһȦܳɽ񾭺ͼʱַٴҡͷȻǲ̫ԣ
߮磺ǲ֪ȥܳɵʦˣ
߮˵˶ֵ뷨֮󣬳ͥҵòƣԼܳ˵Ļ֮󣬸ôȥһЩʲôҲȷǸ⡣
߮Цƶص½ڣҾû˼
û˵Ļֻ˵ͥҵԸܳɵѧ˵ֲⲻհɡ
ʦҲΪأҽֱܳ˾ѧˮ̶ҽԺԾʱ֪δΪá
ʦйǣò̶ΣҲܳɵסʦȥܳɵ˶ʿо
߮ͲٰѶֵĴ㽲
Ȼʣʦ취׵ô
Ĵ㣬ڲ̶ϣԻϣܹ¸ƽġȻ߮Ҳã֮ܳǰоʧ̫ѧ
ѾõĽʽǰһõķʽܳȥˡ
ˡ
Ĳ߮ˣǶ֮߮Ҳ䲻ʲôá
ͥҵüͷһ壬˼һ֮󣬺Ȼ۾һص
߮簡и뷨Ҳ֪ʲʣԻȥʦúһ¡ֻǴҸ˵Ĺ۵İ
ţڣϴѧֻҽԺǣҽԺǿ޽𣿡
ܳǱ߾ãٸУͨͳֶȥѧλĻʦȥ潲һֱӰѲ̶ȥҽԺ
ⲻ˳𣿡
ҽԺ޽ôҲҪꡣʱ仺ܳҪڸһת㹻ʱ仺ѧλ
Ҳò̶ְĲʿȻһ·ȥҽԺⲻ˳µ飿
ܳɲôǾδҪŰؽһȦ
أ
߮ԣʱĹâ½ڣ˼ǣֱӰѲ̶ʦܳˣһӵĴӰҽԺγ𣿡
ͬ⣿
ʲôͬģҽԺ޽ڣǰƸûⰡҽԺ޽󣬵һʱ϶Ҫȥ£
̶ҲãܳҲãȴȵؿµˡҽԺĹǿֻ𺦡
˵ɣҽԺֻʡίԱḽλϴѧҽԺǲλֲǽ˲̶ְơ
˵⣬ͥҵֵң̶õְʿѧλ֮ٸͷȥŲʿʦͷΣҲˮЩ
ȻĻֻǼ򵥵ģóȻѰҽԺĹǿƵǹǿƵĶί൥λʵͻأܶࡣȻֻǸ뷨ҲǶڡ
ǲελãԾͻλÿ⡣ôҪ϶Լ
˵󣬳ͥҵ˵ң޵ҽԺȻֻ½ܱȸӱ㣬ϾӵġѾǲ˰
ǿλô
߮Ȼóͥҵ˵ее㵣ĳͥҵǲڸӣ½ڣҪȥʦһ
ͥҵҡͷȥ˵ʣҰֻǴĽڣʦǲΣһȨȥ£뷨
ʦ㽲⣬ȥͶ飬ΪЩ
Ҷһ죬ȻĻɾҪˡ
ͥҵҡҡͷһֲ㱻̵⡣
óȻڣҲ˵ѧʲô飬һܳɾܾˣǿɾе㲻̫ÿˡ
Ȼǰ飬ȥ׷Ҳû׷ͥҵȥݲ鵱飬ԸҪܳˣҲȥϿмʲôᡣ
϶ûᣬı׼ۺԿǵġܳһûѧû£û׽Ľڣûóɼƾʲôѡ㣿
ֻǵרҵãϴѧҽԺڱѧ˶ٱµģаԼ̳
ֻǰܳɵרҵе߯ˣǵѰѰ졣
߮ԣ˵ͷ
Ȼ˵ܹԺ飬վûλϴѧҽԺְֻѧ
ֺͳͥҵ֮䣬ѻְĹϵǿĽǶȺ͹ǱԼһЩ
߮ͷǳʦ鷳һȥ£˯һȻȥʦúһ顣
ͥҵһ㶣㲻ѧϰô඼ȥˣ
ֶ˵߮ȥѧϰˡ
ֻ߮ǵЦŻأҪó½ʧˣߣֻġ
ڣòȵ
Ц֮У䣬Ĺâ߮ıͱʵϣԲơ
߮˵ǸʮСӡ
νǴ֮ʱȴñķʽ֤Լĸĸ˫ɶٴ̼˭Ҳ޷ͬܡ
ͥҵԼĸҲѾȥ͸׻ĸײʣʹˣһ⡣߮ĸ߮Լվ̨ϡ
߮ĸףͥҵҲ˵߮籾԰ģֻѡȥĸ
áͥҵҲٽ߮˰̡
ֻΪϧһǰôֹۣôг徢Сӣȴģ
ò˵޳䱾ûϵġ

߮˯ѵʱѾһˡ
˯ʱ뿪ȥ˿ң߮˯Ҳû
𴲺߮һʱʳȻŴ绰Լʦų̂
Ƕֵա
ȴ˵ûȥˣ򵥡߮磬ǱôôŸҴ绰ˣ
߮ȥ˰ҽԺִĵ绰Ͳˡ
ǰڿʱ򣬻ᾭ̣Ͼڿ߮İǸסԺ߮ǸסԺʱסԺǿȫġ
һ߮ɴ󲿷ֵļסԺҺ߮ߡ
˼Σˣ߿࣬˵ɲ߮絥ֵ࣬ȥ߮ĵʯˡ
ʦеᣬ칫һ߼ôⲻС£绰˵
֮߮ԶܳɵģǾãܳôˣоϡ
֮䣬໥ִҲϧ
߮ԼҽѧһֿᰮҲоܳҲСԼܻὥ뿪ҵҲܲ뿪ǳܰæܳɲûҲԼʦǳΪЦǼõ顣
Ҽɡ
ֽһ䡣
߮׬Ǯ٣ڶ߮ȻֻһͨĴʿûöȥʱ
á
߮ɨ˸С¿ܿ͵˶ֵС¥¡ֹһεּʦʦĸϤ
ĻʦĸҲ׵顣
ֻǣ˼󣬶鷿ݺ˲裬ʦĸϰࡣ
׼֮߮Զ˵⣬ʵҲתһ³ͥҵĻ
ϳɾ߮磺ӣӦòܹİɣ
߮ҲǲĵԲô˵
ϴѧҽԺȷλģҴ14ͿʼﻮѾˡ
ʱɳϴѧ贿ʵϴѧϴѧҽԺҲϴѧҽԺ
153£ȫص140λѧ߼ԱְҽԺĹᣬһｨϴѧԺ
ֻǣ16ʱͶʡ
ֻǵͶʽĿ󣬲ȨϴѧƷơϴѧҽԺûǷһƨˣȻƨˡ
̣
ҽԺȫְġ顱Ա˹㷺Ӱ졣
ĿǰĿͣ״̬
ĿǰѧУܳﱸֹЭ飬˳ҽԺĿҽԺʹϴѧҽԺƷƣνһؼë
ܳɰȥǱߣⲻǳô
ʱЩǺ׸ıʵġ
Ȼǹٷ棬һ˿ܣŤתڵľ棬ʲôʱ棬᲻ʰ̯ӣҽԺٴΪµģǸ⣡
ܵĻܳɺͲ̶ǰȥǱߣһǳѡ
ֻǣڣ14һٶѧ߼ͬ޴ȥΣöֶеΪƺʹļס
ȻʱƵĹãϾǼ¡
߮һûѳͥҵˣͶԶֵʦҲҵ;˵Բžľġ
˼ǲܵ
ͥҵ²ҵͶ˵⣬ҲǻⷽĿǡ
ֵһ̣δ߮ʹ¡
֮󣬿ڵҲ˼ǲܵĿ϶ǻȥģϾǽԷֵ֧ģӲĹͷԿе
ֻʱⲻǶҲøӦǣȻǶҪܳɺͲ̶ûеҰˡ
Ҫ֪֮ǰĿǳ飬Ҳ˳ȥģǱߵλú˲żΪȱܹĵĻʡȴְĺܶ鷳
˵⣬촽ʵڿҵĻҲὨȥҽԺҸиͷ·໺꣬úõ˼ͳﱸһµġ
Ȼһôһ˳ȥͷȴȻǲˡ
־Ȼ߮漸Ĺ滮ˡ
߮ԣΪежؿ˶֣ʦлл
ĸ֮ӣΪ֮Զ
ֲ߮ĸףʦ縸İ߮Žȥġ
ֽӣƺڲϺеףȻ߮˵ˣһؿǵģҲҪȥ̽һ̶̽ε˼
ϴѧҽԺҲϵһپ٣һ𡣡
Ҫ˲ŵĻǵµݹġ
Ŷˣ㿴ܳɵģ㿴ˣȨ飿ֽ߮顣
߮ʱһεؿڵʦҵ飬ȥˣãIIIȨ飬ҪҲҪˡ
ɫгŸ֮ɫ
һ㶣ܳҪȥˮ̶ô
߮ҡͷǡ
ܳɾãֲ֫Ѫܷ񾭷
֫Ƕпȡ˨
õIIȨЩᣬۼüãܱҶá
߮ǳصص
֪߮ѪƷģԼѧͬΪǰǣͬǶԲ˵Ĳ𣬱Ҫְ
˾͸öѧϰ߮Ҳڲϵѧϰ֮С
ֵıĿ⣬ùŹ߮ǲǣͥҵʲôʱȥҽԺˣ
ʦô֪߮⣬ͷβɶûͥҵֵİ
⣬ǳͥҵǸĵҽԺ߸׽ϤЩȻǳͥҵˡ
ҲֻˣŻȥյðһЩг㿴ƽڿʽǺܽ¾ġֽΪں
ֿ֪ͥҵģԼƣڸԼȡƤ귽ʽ
ҰĲС
ֲѰ·ӵˣԼεʱϴóͥҵ΢еðʧڵǳͥҵλǶΣǻ治һ
ֲµˣ߮ҲͲˣŰϵ鶼һ顣
Ҿ˯ˣ֮󣬱ʦңܳɵҲ˵ˣ½ڲŸЩ顣
ȡ˨ʲôҲ֪
Ǹݳ½ڵĿӦܳɱֵٿȦɵ㡣Ҳ˵ܳȨIII飬бҪҲûҪ߮ʵʵص
Ժ󣬶ʱпҾ֪
ܳ˾Ƕʱը˵ʲôʱͻᱬըͥҵܿóҲ϶ܿ
ˣô͵ǵأ
̶˸©
߮ʦ̶οֹܻһ©
߮ѡ
ʦҿǸѹʦŶ
ֵͷ˵ţƵ飬ҲϵˣҲҰһ¡Ǿڵĵλǳ־
ôһôˣȥͲ̶̽ڷ磬ȻȥϵһϣԸԸҽԺҸʵҵƣ
ҽԺѻ϶صѧȻʡ˵ʲôҲ˵ġ
ܳɣ̶ƣһ򡣡


һʮ ٣ֲ
߮۾Уﳤһ
߮߶ֻǴѲ̶ܳ˰úãɵʦȴѾŰѲ̶һϵһ˰
߮ĬĬΪҽԺĬӡ
˵ֻƵʦһԸʡİɣ
˵ʵʡҽѧʵŵĻǰ⣬ֻ˵ǿǰһ棬ۡ
ĸҵԺʿһ𣬶ѾǳȻĴˡκһУϣԺʿļ˵ģԺʿͷΣྩ󣬶᲻֦
ԸϹĸУѡ̫࣬ϴѧûиص
Цҡͷ˵㻹СĿеλá
飬Ϊѵá
һǸĸ֮ĸ֮Է塣֮㿷֮޲ס֪֪֮ơǧɲѰ
ĸ֮ͷȴ£֮ԻʡΪǣҳѣȻˡ
˵⣬ֺȻG߮磬ûôһ鰡
Ƶʦγڣƻ֮ǰѾԺʿΪβԸʡһ
ѵǾ̫Զ𣿡
˵䣬ָô棬߮硣
߮ûϸֻ̧ͷʣѵΪʦѧֻ˶ʿоô
ֻص˶ʿоҲҪô֡ʡидѧ֪ɣҵоðҽԺҪô
ǻˮ̶оһҽԺҪô
߮Ա˫Ŀƽû̫ȥ˼⣬ΪԼѧʱ򣬾ϴѧı˶ѧ߳ȥ
ھҸѣϴѧҽԺ֣Եĺܿ
ԣ˶ʿоʲô
ǣѧоͼдѧо̨ͬޣֻҪ̫׻߹ϵǽǳԶ׼
еɵƣۣһ£ܿϾѧоˣɵ˵Ļܻ³ˣⲻǴ
߮˺¡
ң˵У߮粻Ǹɵô
ҲӣǼΪ߮󣺡Ҹո㽲ˣǵʵӸ߲ǣ
ϲԸƻȥһλѵġ㻹ҪţڻԺʿͷģ
¶ԷֻǸİԺʿϤԺʿ
֮ûôȻΪһ·
ּ߮˵һĵλ̫õĻΪ־ĸ뿪󣬱Ȼȥʿġ
ʱϸȥ̽ĻͻᷢԺʿĿֲ
ڶĵλ͹̫ã򷿣Ҳ˵нܷƳУ᲻ȥͷܷƸҴְ˵
֮߱˸ϱȢ˵ĻҪȥѧǾҪϼҴˡδػħ
İ
㿴ʲôûʵ뷨ȴѾ˸Ĳá
˵⣬ͣһ߮΢һ
ȻֵĴͳĻǸٹ̣ؾʦʦλϵģʦͽ֮飬⡣
ʦͽ֣Ī˵ʦ䣬ֻǸϵʦͽͽܱҵźҲ滮һ¡
ξ飬ô䣬ﻮֻǵƻȥѡ
߮Ÿ㶮ֵ˼
תѡ
ԭ˵ôᡣ߮Űɻ⿪
ΪȥҽԺģʵֻΪѧ⣬ʦûгæ˵򵫷˵һ䣬ƹƽϴѧܲʵ
һҽԺҽԺҽпܡ
ıһ£ưʡʿдƼţ˵ûʿɣ
϶а
֮ԲûǮҪǮ
߮вʦǼȻôĻǰʦҽԺȥǲе㲻װ
ֶʱ۾Цкβף
ϴѧʿԸ˲ʲôϵأ
ڰҽԺԸҲӦԸнȥҽԺģҽԺĹУ˹ʣȥĸסԺõĿգΪһ
Ƶĸĸ׻ҽԺƣƷһ飬𣿡
⣬ҲҪ⣬ȥƵĽڣʶҩİҩвЧȷûȫҩƷġ
˹ۡûʡգڼȻˣһǺü꣬ǾͲû˿顣
ôͲϰʡĻϤ˲̶εķΧϲʡӣֲ˼ħأ
߮Ĭˡ
һ仰Ӣѹ˹أѹʵ۹ء
仰ڲʣӢڣ˭Ҫһֺţ
ֻҪǸˣͻͨ׵ĵ
ǲе̫޳ܺ˽ˣ
߮ɫ任ţ˼Ҳ΢е㷳ҡ
Լʦ˵ֻǿǰʡôûȥʵȥħأʦһͬҪħ뷨أ
Щ߰·δе㲻̫ɣ
ֿ߮ıᣬܿ߮뷨Ƶġ
ڽ͵߮簡ۣϸô
ʱЩ飬ǿȥ
֪ƾĸױƺʱʱжٸעô㲻֪
֪ĿǰкüҽкøУֻǰƤûڡǣûӿڡ
һĸ׼һյˣТѧȻԼΪѾ뵽֮СµԲ䣬̸¼ʶȻͬͨˡ
ĲɣΪһ
Ƴ걼ҽԺÿٱһСʱĸ׿ôܹҽԺ˶ʱ䣿˶ʱ䣿

Ҫʵ˵Ļһĸףĸ彡бϤĹأпܳˡ
ǵÿԼôѡҲǰҽԺǱ߻֪Ƶ飬ĻͲ֪ǸСʿˡ
£δؾһºʹ¡
٣߿ṩƽ̨㹻ƷӵˣôҲˡֻζԶɶ߶ѡ
߮⣬Լʦⷬȷеվڵĸ߶ȣҲҪߺܶࡣ
Ȩվ˲ελϣܹҰɡ
߮ͷ˵⵹Ҳǡ
ַǳҲ˵ͷһ䣬˵ԣҸô࣬ϣҪסϲ⡣
ڰҽԺҸʲô۶ӳ֪𣿡û֡
Ҫ֪ĲţƵ飬ҽԺ֪飬ҽԺЩ˶֪ģЩbabyɣǿʲôֶζʹóġ
ƵڶΪҾÿڻ֮ǰʦͲһУԣΪʦҲҪ˵
Ҫ£ԣѡҪżļǾ̫Եѡ
ͻȻ߮һ
Ͼ֮ǰֻǴ߮ȥҽԺɢɢģڣֻؽ߮缸䣬߮绹ܳɵˡ
ܳɣ´һĸӣӵģ˵һ䣬ʦұҵ֮ҪȥҽԺ
Ƕ־һ鶹ײˡ
߮ƺõķչͱҪЩˣҶһҪúõ۾
˲ķЩ׼ֱҲø߮ϸ˵˵ġ
֮ûףΪڰҽԺܳǮδܸ߮дС˵нջƨ
Ǯֻܳˡ
Ӣѹ˹ء
߮ȻҪȢӣǲҪȢӣǶֵĿġ
߮ȻС񣺡ʦôֺҳ˹ϵ
ϵСˣǰЩ죬Ƶ˻㵽ȥˣ˵Ϊʲô˵ַ˷ۡ
˵ʵ߮Ʒԣ֪ģƢ΢죬ƢĹˣȴûΪ˾Ͷ̫ࡣ
ֻĹ򣬾ͰƵһڵĹŮˣǽڲ鵽ˣǳףŮȥǹġ
Լϱ޵ģࡡ
ûٴ绰ʹ
߮ͣ˵ʦʱҲˣҪϢɣûʲô£ҾȻǱȥ˹
ߣú˵ڵĹŮô£
߮տڲԡ
⣬治ûشѵܺͶ˵Ϊ˳ô
ǲܹᱻġ
ᡣ
ͽߡõȻ磬ҪȥҽԺһˣҰػȥ
ð¶ҽˣȻĻ˯áּ߮뿪
ᣬʦȫᡣ㲻ȥʫꡣ߮ءһ޹
ʣȥˣʦǲҵġ
߮޹񣬶ֳ̾һԵ
˵˵ʲô̬Ȱּʡ
߮һ£һſ̱ĸϻӳԺҡҡͷû̬ȣİˣϤ
ʦʲôʱȥҽԺ
ԹȥȥԼģҲеԣҪֶԡֱӰ߮Ҫ׬Ǯݵ·ضˡ
߮˼һȦջû˵ʫݣأȳֱġ
߮翴ٴΣûɶģ죬ԷҪݽǺʲôϵأ
ߵǰ߮wordĵ
磬ֵŻˣ
ΪԼŮĿǰħѧûڼҵģԾ˳ԡ
Թ֮߮绹ûп˵
ҲͲٶ׷ʣ߮ҽԺȻ뿪ǰ̶ϵһµġ
û߮磬̶Ҫ۵飬֪߮
֮ǰôֻ࣬Ϊô֪飬ںܶԵ𡣲Ҫִ̫ڱ棬Ȼ˼ϣ߮ܿÿ㡣
մĽ֮߳
֮Ľᣬϵذ߮翪ҰǶϣġ
ƺܳţǶĲˣûʦͽֵ£˴ߣǺͲ̶һΡ

̶ּʱѾǷԽõĵطǲݡ
һ̶ò裬ȻҲǱ̵ġ
̶˵ҪȾƵģֿ˳Ȼ޼ա
ڣˡ죬ָյſڣ̶վȻؿ˰
Σ˼æ֮УҪ߶㡣
˵߮ڻ鷳أϣζհѡ
̶æ˵ڣˣС飬鷳أĸ֣죬͸һ̨Ϊ߼ŵ˳С
˵£ҶûüͶ㱨أͲ֪Сæû
ʼ߮ҽԺϺкģʱ򶡳˵ˣ߮
߮ԼϣȻûͲ֪㲻㡣
ֵû£Ų鷳ҪЩæġȻռéӲʺˡ
˵䣬зԱˣؿʼݲ衣
ֺͲ̶˶죬ȵݺ뿪֮󣬲̶˵ڣܱȲղصģҲá
̶û߮飬룬ΪԼˡ
ܳɵ飬治ܹİܳҲû׼ȷĴ𸴣ֻ˵ڿǡҲ˵˰
һٶ˵£̶Ҳû취
Ǳʲ̶ΣӦòʮ廹ʮ
ʮڣԺС̾ͿԵġ̶ЦС۾гһ졣
ʵѾܸˣܶ鶼˳ſˣֻ߲ܳϣҲû취
ȻҲðܳΪȥͶ̸ʲôֻǾãܴ
ϾΪһڣܹܳıԵװģࡣ
Ȼֿڿ˵Ϊ˲ǶͶָ̫ϵô
ûС
һ𶪵ģڣֻǶԸֵһдʶѡ
ΣҾͲӣֱ˵˰
ĿǰӦҲ˵ˣϴѧҽԺڳｨУĿǰѾӽɡȻƻʱãտ϶Ҫġ
Ҳ⼸顣
ζԸ壬ʲô뷨ûУ
̶ɫһգգ۾˵ҿЦʲôʸȥҽԺ
ϣѾˣȲ϶
ȥҲҪʿѵҪ̶һְоȥﵱСסԺҽʦô
Լеõô
ӹòˬˣ˼ҪȥŰ
ΣҽԺｨĳڣҪ˲ŵģλǲҪԷƱĿǰҽԺĿƣǿƴҡ
һˣһؽڣһǲ
һһ϶ֲûаѻ˵ȫ̶Ѿ֪е˼

Ÿ飬ôҪֵġ
ȥܹ飬ǲ̶ǲ̽ˡ
Ȼû뷨ڽһߴְ̣ʿʲôأ
̶תһͨ󣺡ڣҶˣͲۏˮ˰ɣﻹȥ
ʵʿҵҪǺϸġ
ҽԺǸӣ̶ֲǲ֪Ǿǻ伢
ҵĻο϶ܹ뵽취ġڵؼеΣʿѵʹûй뷨־ͲŲ̶㲻ġ
ڵʵǣؼҽԺҽʦǣҲԼѧʼ䲩ʿ
̶еҰĵĻ϶ġ
ʮ޵Ĵ磬ֶ
ǻǶ鰡ֻǼ򵥵Ľ޶ѡ
̶˵ڣлֱ˵˰ɡ
Ҵ㣬ˣһҽԺʱְʿſھ˵
̶һݺһֱӰһأ
̶֨֨
ɴŲ۾Ŷ֣ǲ
֪˵ǲ֪ô˵
һһö٣ְʿڼ䣬ÿ⡣õ˿⣬ѧ˳ˡǹ˵ĻܳҲһ
ŲȥԺͲε飬Ͷðʧˡ
˵꣬Ͳڿˡ
̶Ĭʮ֮󣬲ʣڣʲôôأ
Ҳ˼ǲ⣬ΪʲôҪôң
̶¶ֶ֪Ķʲô
Ȼֵ˶ֳĬ˺һ󣬶ſ˵Σ˵ֻǵΪʡҽѧҵķչǲе̫Լ˰
ǿƱϾֻҽѧһ΢һСѡ
̶ü
ָɣ̫շˣ̫ʵˣ˵̫ò̶ˡ
ö˶˵ģֿԷβܵһţһ˷İţԼȴûвκκô
ֱ˵ȥ
ȶ֮ǰҵĽڣ˵ֳţҪš
ڣҪˣɲֹܳˣ̶ҪߣⲻҪѰҽԺô
̶ޱ˵ڣĺ⣬ҿֻˣʱ뿪ҽԺ
﹤˼ʮ꣬иġ
СǱߣҿԴΪת棬ƣкͬҲöȥȰʲôϾ⡣
ֻظΣȻֻҪԼĴͺˣǱߣаš
ΣҾãҽԺ㣬ܳʩչŻƽ̨̫ˡ
Ӧ֪ڰҽԺһ׹ؽھĶûУؽûû롣
̶ϴ˵Ѿ̨ؽûˡ
ֲûΪ̶Ŀڶ鲨̶Ƕ԰ҽԺиģܳɺƣǺߡ
ǣⲢӰİţˣҲֻǼ򵥵ĹؽûϴѧҽԺҽԺǸȥĵط
ԸõеԸõŶӣиõŶӣиõͬлииѶȵĲˡ
ңҪǣǱ߻иõĽ
󣬶ַųһذը˲̶
̶һһŮӴЩУŮųУ
תȥ·̫ϾЩѧУÿô࣬ɳеѧӣʮʮ
ҽԺȾλ
Ľá
̶ǴӦȥûڵ͹ʸͶ취ҪǣϴѧҽԺеλϴѧ
ϴѧԼӵܸѧУġ
ͺӲ͡
̶ԣ˫΢΢ǿסĵĹĶԶ˵ڣ飬һҪúÿǿǡ
ڰҽԺô꣬ҺǶжġ
ҽҽҽҽˣҽҽֻǼ򵥵˵ʮ֡
Ȼͱտڲˡ
̶ɫһƽˡ
ǽڡ
еǽѧҽԺ͸У
ҽԺĴڣΪβ
ѧҽԺĴڡ
ҽԺôܡ
1.ҽƣҽԺҪܡ
ҽԺҽƹκͻҵΪ壬ҽԺҽγҽΪ˷
2.ѧκҽԺֹܡ
ҽѧصǣÿͬרҵͬεԱѧУ󣬱ٴʵʵϰ׶Ρ
ʹҵְԱҲ費Ͻм֪ʶͼѵոҽƼܺҽӦҽѧƼչҪҽѧıأɸҽԺ
3.ѧо
ҽԺҽʵĳٴϵǿѧоĿ⣬ͨоҽеѵ㣬ƶҽƽѧķչˣҽѧѧķչҪҽԺĲ롣
شӶ飬鷽濼ǣ̶ǲ뿪ġ
ǣҽԺŬسŽѧҽԺת䡣
ϴѧҽԺѾоҽԺתˡ
̸ʲôҽҽе󣬵ǣһѧƣȫҽƷչյ⡣

̶뿪¥ʱ硣
ϵػͷŲ¥֪ڻڲ¥
ǰ뿪ǲصģǽڣԶǿͣӦȫֱͬͶ뿪
ò붡ֶӴˡ
ֺûٶ˵ʲôֻǣʮ̶֣ϸϸĥֶ֮ζ
ǾǲܳҲãҲãýرڰҽԺƽ̨УΪβļ
Ҹʩá
ǵĹޣӦƶҽѧѧƵķչǵٴ
̶ҲҪȥС
ջ̫ˡ
Բ̶Ҫúõ侲侲
úõҸط侲һ£̶ûؼңǿȥɣ˾֮󣬾һ䣬úõ侲
̶иϰ߾ǣϲΪӣеĵط˼⡣
̫žá
̫ˣĤˣҲɡ
ؼҲʣֻӰ쵽źͺӡ
ŰСʱ֮󣬲̶ͨƵĵ绰
ȥ̶Ǿã⣬ƺһᣬҲ֮һҲҪ뵽
̶ͷ֣Ƶĵ绰һֱڳͨС
˺üΣûнͨǱҲͷˡ
ε̾һվˣ߻˼ңһûꡭ
̨ؽû֮ǰѾˡ
Ʋ֪ΪʲôѾ뿪ֻ뿪ǰϾȨĻеɵס
ˣȻˣͿڻʿİæ£פ´˰˵꣬ƾʹҴææˣǽӵʲô绰
ϾȨˣֱȦˡ
ʦؽûûܣˣµػʲô˼
ƽҲֻ
Ͼ˵Ȩ磬ȥʿǽʦô˵϶ĵҵȻȥһףܲʲô⣬ҪʦԽ󡣡
Ȩͷÿҽ¼ģ״β̼¼ģ壬˵õģϾ硣Ҿ˰ֵࡣ
ţϾҪȥʿվҲҪͼĹͨһ¡
Ȼµ·е˼ϾƵĽơ
Ͼȥ˻ʿվͰѻʿվŵˣƵĽҲûˣʿظҽǵƼƻΥصġ
һʲôţҪĽ͵ĻǻϿˣ

Ȩ˿Һ󣬲ûлصķӣǴ绰顣
ڼҹʵ顣Ȩھ͵
һֱæûʱȥ׷ʣܳɵǼġȨҲȥǸ˼ʣȥ顣
Ҫ֪ܳЩʲô
ü˵ڹ˾һļûҪĻԺ˵ɣ
ܾˡ
ǺðɣæȨҲû̫ᡣ
ð֮ܳԻȥңҴôãпܲΪ߮ȥҵĹϵΪԼܳ²˼ԭ
Բܳһҹδ˯ΪеΡ
ɿ˿ֻˮ֮Ѿʮ緹Ϊ̫磬û䡣
Ȩ΢΢һ̾һؼҵķߣһ߸ܳɷϢ
ܳɸ磬ô
˵ĻԸ
ȨҪŲϢˣԼ˽˲ƲܳɳԷġ
ܳȴûлĻȻǺ˯š
ֱȨؼұٹһſܳɵϢȨӣûУһԷ˵õҪǳȥԣʱʦˡ
첹ϡ
ϾѾϵˣ͵ˡ
һλãԵ֮ǰ̶͵ǼʲĻꡣ
Ȩˣͼһ£ģòԶҪתΣ
ֱӴ򳵹ȥˡ
5.5Ԫ
ˣпҲ4.2
λú󣬾ͿܳɺͶϾѾˣѾˡһ߳Իһ˵ŻԱ߰һɾ꣬ȻǸġ
Ȩ״һ˵ܳɸ磬ϵ飬лл㰡Ҹ綼ҽˡ
ٷġҷſӳԡ
Ȩ붯ԼǮǾֻǿ˿
ʵû鷢ʲôġ
ܳɺͶϾȨһۣܳһҲû˵ܾĻ̨۷ˣȨһ٣ӦãȻ
ϾãȨëúü꣬Զٷν
Ͼܳ˵ӿһʱϵˣ۴ɹ飬˵һְ壬ԺֻҪһǧǮˡ
е̶ˡ



һʮ 䰮
Ǵ˵еĴɹҪʼôȨһ죬ʡ
µҽߣ֮ǰֵ÷зģȨȻʽҽ˽ġ
ֻֻǸСס࣬Ȼⲻ룬ƽʱҲӴ鶫
Ѿǿʼˣҹ֮ǰպڿκͶǧʢ¡Ͼ˵ͷǵȨŸظһ顣
ɹȻǼ۸ˣȻȥҩе̵󲢲Ͷ٣һԽԼܶгĳɱҲͬʱή˺ܶಡʵʵڵķá
ֻǰȻ۸ǽˣ˵סԺǽˡ
޳һȥ4sҰɡȻһ֧700ǹǿƵĸְһǧǧ֮䣬Ҳһꤵļ۸ˡ
Ȩͷ
֧ܵļ۸һңְһ򲻵ȡȷϺΪΣ϶ġ
һʮ
϶ǿ˺ܶģǵ۲Ƕ˵ǰҽԺҪ׬ˡ߰ٺǧе׬ĻǰҽԺ׬ˣ϶Ǳҽˡ
Ҳ֪˶ǮȨҲǾĳˣ̾һ
סԺҽʦǽӴ̶ȵġ
Ͼ͵ûǮҲ֪Ǿݶǧʢνе̶ѾѰ˼Ÿȥˡ
ʲôļ۸񣬸ʲôĻһٷмǮĳͺüһٵĲࡣ
۸Ҫ֤ԭϿ϶ҪѹҲԲһˡ
һͬҪŽ棬ʲôĻô죿
Ҫ֪ɹĶŪġȻ䵽ҽԺ㲻öã
ĦһᶼǺü٣ڵĸְ壬ǧǮҪﵽӽ޺޾ա
ⲻŽӽڰײ˼ۣٵɶ𣿡
ҩԱ˳ŵİ
˵⣬Ͼ¿ӣ˵Ҫ֪ɹ֮󣬵ļҵҩƷеȫˡڲϳĻ˵͵ϵ鷳
˻˭
ϾָָԼ
ֱӽӴҽ˭
Ǯʡˣ鷳˭ڵţ˿ɲܡ
ֲɹȥҲȥ׬΢е˾
ɹ˿ɲЩ¶е˾ô³ܺģˡ
ûͿռĻҶתȥˣȥҩ깩ҩҽԺĺá˵Ͷҵ˰ٷ֮ʮ
ҹƣһ˷ҩƷҵе˾⣬зЩ˾Բٴùͷһ
ԭͰҽԺһЩСе˾ֱӰѼҵȥȥˡԺûкöãá
Ҳ֪󵽵Ҫֳʲô
ܳüѵϾǻǲ˰ɣУǾԼͺˡ
飬Լ۵ģǶûŵؿʼڿ˵
ڻڻ꣬ǽжһ¼˷ȥǾˡ
ϾٲȻҲԼĻ΢еˡ
ҵıʱû
ȥƣҽƽصĿʲôãֺã
ƣûʲô˾Ըġ
ϾЦ˵ܳɸ磬˵öԣҾôһ˵һ£˺ˣߵ˭Ҳδ֪֮
ǻһ仰Ҿöǧʢ˵úе
Ժ̨ܶһΪеҩƷκĻҾͶ׸ˡ
ĻЦ˵ȥҵˣҵ׬Ǯ
⣡ôࡣܳɼѻⶫ
⣬ʵеúܣ
ΪһΪеҩƷʲô⣬Ҳŵġ
ŵնֻᵽҽԺ档
ֻǶϾ˵»ÿԺü١
ҽǶԸ뷨ȥصִɹְƷĻ
սʡĳɱԲʡǮ
ڵҩƷҲãеҲãݬ롣
ڵеҩƷ֮Ը۸񣬳˹˰һ⣬еǱ˵бϡ
ƵվֻǷƣûкĵĹպͼԶﲻˮ׼
ⲻǳ⣬ֻһȶʵ
ȻԲ˶ԣɹջݵȷܶࡣ
׽С
ܳҲضȥ飬ʱܻ𰸵ġ
˵ģ⡣
Ȩһ¿ͷһ
ɹ
󲿷ֵеҵ˳
ռ½ֻ߾ֻѹɱ
СҵпȥһֱӸȥķ
ⲻԼõĻ
ΪȨĿǰ൱ܿպͷΧ֪ԼԺļʼӽ㣬Ȼ˵ŵĹϵǮøʱݲѡ
ǱϾǸ¡
ɣ
Ȩ˵ϴѧҽԺĴҽԺе̶פ
ⲢҪʲô̫ѧɣ
ȷҪֻҪרҵרмɡ
ô
Ȩ˼ܶɨһܳɡ
ﰵܳɸ磬ԲҺ֪Ҹô³ˣ㲻ȥ㶼˦ˣ
֮ͨȨ㿪ʼڳ
˲ã͸
Ȩ֮ǰһֱúܣϧܳɺͶϾһͨƽʱ⣬ӣǰûᵽġ
ദһֱΪǢ
һìһֱǣ֮Ƕ½½뿪
֮ǰҽԺųԺʱȨãԼҪҪҸݾ취
ֻǣȨͻȻ֣˶úŬ
ǲʵѧͽֻܹŵųûģⲢСŵĳԣԼȥ
ǣȨ˺һ̽˰ĵϸȻȨͷԼġˡ
ֻǰе̫ǿˣһӲ
ȼҾҲȲǮܶ࣬ɱ˼ҲǮġ
̣ѧǾ͸ˣȨȴˡ
߮磬;ðʵ߮һЩ۵ܲͨ͸
Ȩ˷ɵȥտ֮󣬾ԼıĿһأ

ʹţȻûа취ܳɺͶϾ˷ֵʵ
֮ǰȨΪܳɻҽԺһΪƵɢɢģȻ̫׽һףҲܸܳȥ깵ҽԺ
ܳɽҵͻɢȥϾͬ꣬ڰҽԺһꡣ
Ͼǲ̶ѧԺļʺܴ
Ͼ׽ЩȥҪ˲ټĻᣬϾһա
ɺȨԼˣܳܳɲͶϾ棬ǿף·ǳ꣬ǿúܡ
һᣬҲҾ
ʱȨͷ֣Լӣˡ
ܳɵԺ嶤
ϾоҿϰڣԺĻֲܴûϵûѧ϶ȥɳصڶҽԺһв
ȨĸȨҵĲ£й°׼ʱ֡
ʲҪ
ȨǲȥİķΧðҶƣ˵úġ
ֻǣƺҵһ롣
򽻵֡

극ܳɺͶϾѾʼжȨȴĲɡҲû˵ϾȨͳ˷ͲҪƽôˡ
ҵȵˣϾȡɡܳʤˣеĳٽһӵִ
ϾеĳҪ2.3
Ͼʱ΢е㴹ͷɥ˵ܳɸ磬ǳ˺öζˡ
ʵǵĹؿ΢һģûҪô塣
ҪⲻȥϾ֪ܳɴӲ̶ǱǮˡ
ܳ˵С˼ˣȨӡ
ȨܳɽУ̧ͷȻ۾һת˵ܳɸ磬Ȳȥˣһе飬תתϾȻȥɣ
ŶõġǾ˰ܳҲû룬תȥ
˳ܳɲʶϾûоãȨ״̬еֵֹģͲô
ðɡҾġϾͷ
ģźüǧˣ߶ȨƢѾõ˺ò
Ҫῴ֡
Ȩûܳ˵Щ£ϾҲԼҪµĺá
Ҿ΢е㲻̫ϾȽ˳ɣҶ˯ͷˣûæܳæʣҲΪΡ
գҶæʱȴ͵ˡ
ҲһŶӣΪԼԭӰŶӵͲ̫ˡ
ϾԶʱ˼ӣܳɸ磬ߵʱǲ˸ַλ
ţǡܳɵͷ
ǵĿҺʦûȥҵʱ򣬵һ̨ˣڶ̨΢ѵʱ˵㣬ʮһ롣
ȻŹؽûʦСʱת̨Ͷˡ
һ̨ʦûӦͻȥϢˣȷˡϾɫӵػţٲȻҲǾԼʦƺе
㿴ɣҲ̨ģ˻ûһ̨ûˡ
һ̨ʱ䣬̨ˡ
Ҫ̶֪Ǵΰٶȣ
ȱܳɵŴ˲˵ھƶʼѲ̶˦ƨɺȥˡ
ϾãԼҪǲ̶ҲΪƣп¼ô
Ŷ𣿡ܳɫһ
Źؽûһ̨ƽʱڰСʱңҪһСʱСʱпܡ
תܹСʱͿ԰̨ꡣ
Ĺؽƴ˰
ϧû
Ͼ˵׵ǣʦûܡȻ󣬻ҺȨ˵ϾͿ΢µһ·
ҲףҪܣµʱҲҪȵڶİ֮ġ
ʮףһϼҲ޿κε˼
ܳЩüͷ壡
ؽûIVܶõĻƺе㲻̫˰
⵽ʲô˼·ɧܳɶûס
˿ԼȫŹؽûͨ
ҲͻȻˣƶԹؽû⣬Ѿ˳ȫŹؽû
ʵӵģȫŹؽûǱ׼IV׼żǸں͸ҽʦõʸûС
ȻֻǱϵIVҪܹţ˿˾ͨ
ȼ;ͨIIIIļܵȼʵҪߺܶ࣬ΪǸѶȵġ
ܳûпȥģ⣬Ȼⲻġ
ܳҲھȥģ⣬Ҫģ⵽ǾԼҲ̫Զˣû취ٵȰIIĻãȥIIIIVɡ
ʲôݣʲô飬Ųֲغͱ¦ӡ
ܳɸ磬ؼһȥҰе㲻̫ģҪȥ￴Ͼʡ
ֱӻؼҰɡܳ⣬Լģⶼ̫æˣպòײֵ࣬ÿյ£ȥҲã˼ģ˼·Ҳãǲѡ

ȨֱӴ˹˾ſڣȻҡڵؽ˹˾ſڵıûֻȥڵ¥ʱҪˢ
Ȩûֻܵܰһ¥ݶִ
۵õİ칫ɳϣһƨ鷳ֻܵʮ¥ڶʮһ¥칫
һվʣôˣҪȿȻǺȿ֣ô绰㰡
֡ҲֻģȲĸ߼Ȩ˰֣ûվԼַʳ˼
Ȼ֮ǰ绰㲻˵æôæ˰
һģãҽеҵиͷûУ
ʱȨĴһ绰
üͷһ壬һߵݸȨһ֣һߺһڿȣ˰칫ǰѵһתǴƱ𣿡
ƱͶɲô³İһ㡣˾ȻҲͶʣһ鲻ڸԼûɡ
ȻȨ˼Ͷһ»ûġ
Ȩ᳴ɣѧһûɲȥ²ˡǴ㵷һ˾
ҽԺҲǺһ£һС͵ˡ
ҲΪӳиҵ׼ˡȨ鿪Ц˵Ϊ⡣
üͷӽ˵Ҳ̫ҪĻҪοغܶ࣬ǰͶ룬رʣתߵȵأ
ôͻȻҪԼ㹫˾ˣ
˾ɲȳɣƾȨϹ־ˣʱһҪοзȥг󣬹˾ڲĹȵȸضС
ȨȻûʵģʱֻѹͲУⲻô
ôһ밡ܵҪ¡ҲûѿӸֻ˵ڸʲôɹвٵĹ˾Ҫ˳
ҾãһĺûᡣȨԭǾ빤ɡ
ȨĹɣǾйȥгȥ￪г
ֿ׬Ǯⲻȫô
һԼСħ;ҽԺȨԼԽȥҲȥʲôӺ͹ϵˡ
ǸܺõϾǴҶ˳ͼ
üͷøˣ˶˳ʱҪȥⲻǹҲ𣿰ô˵Ӧռ䲻߰
ʱ俴ûʲôռ䣬һ˷ĻǾ˵˰
һ仰˶ɽʱɽҪô׬Ҫôǿûʲô³Ҳ㰡Ͻʰ̯ӣȥͷȥ
Ҳ̺ܴӦûʲô⡣˵ǮĻҲ͵иȨʵͶʵķܶ࣬жϵöΣôȥǮ
ȨЩ̫Ϥҽҵģһ졣
ôãܲһӰһҵѹ
еûǾͲˣҲûҪǮҲȥͶǮ
Ӿͺˡ
߮ۡ
Ȩ˵ţƺҪ˵Ȩȴһվҽȥϰ߶һȥʱҪæĻɲѰ
ǰԤԼ㣬ѯѵġ
Ҳᶯ˾ǮģȨ˵ţͶҡҡ֣Ȼſ֣ȥ
ֻǵҪ˵Ƶġ
Ȩ뿪鲢δϻع鵽ԼĹУȰٶһȨĴɹôһ£Ȼüͷ
ȥôҪȥô

ܳɻصңϴһ
һϣ֮ûϴ˯ˡ
ϴ󣬻һˮƵǰϰԾʱһμš
ӽ˵㣬ܳѾ⣬תȥ׼ģ˼·ʱ򣬶ϾͻȻ绰ˡ
ôˣϾܳΪҪȥҪȥࡣ
ΪĹؽλֵ౾ܳɵģˣȻһֱ浽ӽʮһ㣬ܳɲŽӻ
ǽܳɸ÷ģһϣܳϾ˯ˣ
ƴ˵绰ƣȥֵ顣
ǰûӦֻǺܳɺúϢܳҲͲٶ˵ʲô
ܳɸ磬߳˵С顣ʦҴ绰㣬ʱҪСĵ㡣ҲҪСЩϾѹúܵͺܵ͡
ܳԣһ
ңҪСĵ㣿ôˣ
Ͼ͵ֵĹȻһİˣ˵ҽġ
Ǹֵģûҽܳɸ㣬˵֪ûҽ
Ҳû׸ףԾ͸ֵʦ˵绰
Ȼʦ˿󰡣ͷ֣ſֻ㣬˶ᡣ˵ҲµģΪ΢е
ʦͰ˰칫ңȻ֣ⷢϾȻе
ܳԣɫһ˿
Լʱû˭ôŵˣ
ʦô𣿡ܳɸϽʡ
ϾǱߵѾ΢ˣȻҲŵò᣺ʦӹ󣬺ܿ췴ӦǿסԺ棬иǾôʦʱס󣬾ͽҪȥϲ
λ˽ϵˡͰ˷ΰ칫
Ĳ˶డŵģ϶ǲ⡣ҲŲˡ
ϵʱ򰡣Ǹ˷Ӧ˹Ͱʵˣ
ס֮һã˽Ԫġ
ʦ͸˵Ҹ绰
ܳԣ
ͷƤˡ
TMʲôϵ
Կвɣ
أܳʡ
Ѿץˣһʱֻʦ˵ֻδ죡ܹز˶ãȥ绰ʦȥˣҸ˵һϣСĵ㡣ϾԸš
ãллϾ
ʦأܳʡ
ֻǶϾǱ߾ȻҴҾ͹Ҷ˵绰Ҳ֪æֻǵش绰֪ͨһôһ¡
ֻǣܳԽ룬ԽϡͿġ
Ԫģ
ǣҸ
ŵ
Ϊʲôûбץ

˼ţĵ绰ͬʱ绰һǲ̶ģһġ
ܳȽ˲̶ĵ绰
̶żʣСܣǱûʲô°ɣ
ûʲô¡ʦʦû˰ɣܳɷƵ
ûУá
û¾ͺá̶سһ
ܳʣʦ㣬Ͼʦڿô
ţ㲻ڿﰡԪģֱôһϣƥġ̶ƿڴ
û¾ͺãҪȥ绰
ˡ̶̹˵绰æҴŭ⣬Ԫȥˡ
̶ߣղ붡ֺȲҴܳƴôһ绰˼ҵ
ֱըˡ
Ԫ䣬ʲô簡㺰һô۶ӳ
㵽׻ܹܲˣ
Ҫɱǰɣ
ͨ˵绰֮󣬲̶䵭Ԫ䣬絽ô°ôŵǿˣ
Ԫ䵱ʱüͷݺҲǼΪ𾪣ʲô
ôᵽ
TMô֪˸ձߣ㲻֪𣿡̶ʣʮֲ

ܳɹҶ˲̶ĵ绰ĵ绰͵Ĵδ˽
ܳԥһ£ջѡ˽ͨ
ͨ󣬱˵ܳɣҸս˵һˣŵǰɣ
רģ
û°ɣ
ǲµпԲרŴĵ绰ɣ
𣿡
û°Ҷڿҡ㣬ôͻȻ뵽Ҵ绰ģⲻ˵ܳҲװ֪ˣ
̿ҾͲµģòײ̳˵壬˵׷Ұֵ顣
˵ҰһֱûȥұΪǶˡû뵽ȥǿ
Բ𰡣ܳɣ
˵䣬൱Σ滨С
ܳɫһ˵ûʲôԲģ㡣Ҷ֪顣ܿ˱ŵ˰ɡ
ܳ
Ȼ鷳ģֻĸףˡ
ǣϾԪĵŮ˵ǰĽΣ
ǣԼǾƱסһȣȻ󻹸ԪĶƷ
鷳ˣ
ԿпӵˣٽӴΪãˣҲþʹ˴סǧ򲻿ǡ
޹Ԫ֣޹ˡ
ܳɣԲĶԲҰܲǹġҲܡš
ܳɰĻˣ㣬㲻ýôడ
ҶߣʱҲڿﰡ
㣬ôˣúϢɡ
ܳɴĻʱѺػҲ˻ȥҲǲ̫˼˵ˣֻǻһתصõģܳɣû¾̫ˡ
߻е飬ȹ˰Сĵػš
ܳһصã㣬ԼС塣
˵꣬ܳҶ˵绰
һߣɳصһҽԺĲ¥ݼ̲סžž¿ʼ
Ȼ󻺻ؿǽǣȥǽƺܹ֧ŵסͲֵ塣
¶׵ĹУ󱳿ǽľĦѺ󱳴Ѫ۳
ʹĴ̼δþЩ
ֻֽ־ͷʹ˺š
ʵ֪ԼǶܳɺкøеģ
Ȼ֪ܳɶʲôоǸԼ֮ܳ䱣ôһĿԡ
ְ࣬ûѣ˵׵ˡ
ܳǻҽԺôԣܳȷŵˡ
ܳɻķ㣬ʵڿȥȥοܳɣҪ
ܳڿԽԽλȹ̣ʼЩϲ׼Ҹʱȥܳɶģ֮ڻûʼȥǾܳɻҪȹһЩ
ȥӽֻܳɷġ
ֻǣƺһĪ㺣Լ֪㲻ϸ㺣ڻûʼ֮ǰԵˡ
ԭΪĸף
Լ޹ԼʲôûΪʲôҪ˾棿
ҲԼ޹һֻһֿԣһԼĸף
ǻڶܳɵҲãǶԸҲã֪ӽ֮֮ܳĽ顣
ҲͽΪֹˡ
ҲһУʵûпʼ
ֻǰĸѡ˵ġ
ĸӰŮԸƢǷĿԾͼС
ֻǾеʹ
Ҳ֪˶ãƿͷ¶˲԰׵ĨĨ۽ǡ
Ŀᶨ߽˲ȥ
кܶԵ֣һֱԵ޷֡
ĸ֣ڴʣôСҽӦ׷ô
ܳɲڿң˵׷Ļáֻƽػظš
ʱĸ׾ͿʼżǸô죿Ǹôأ
˭ڿﰡ˭ˣ
ҡͷֻҧǣҲûԼĸףһˡƫд¶ڶԴ

һͷܳڷһ
ҲǸ⸴ӡ
üһ
ѵʵô
⣬ϵڵ֪ԪûؽоΡ
ԪԼȥ˸ҽԺҲû̫뷨
Ԫľ͸˵ˣԪȥɳصһҽԺǲ̶ܳɲ˳
ԪĵʲôԻ·Żѳת޵ϰ
Ȼŵ
ԣ
ԺҪôദأ
Ҫϰܻ࣬лʱİ
ˣ£Ժ˵ɣԪԶá
Ϊأ



һʮһ ܶ
ܳɵ˼΢е㷳ңеģ⣬ʧһΣֻģIIܡ
ģԽԽ˰ܳૣȻ˯ʵ˴ȥ
ô˸˯ʱ򣬻Ҫú˯һ˵

ͬʱȨڼ
֪СžȻܻ䷹ظ˻ĳҲʱӲࡣ
ϳԷʱĸûôӣС̻ʣʣӣҽԺϰǲǺ۰
Ҫǲ˿㵽˾ְˡ
ȨźһӲˣȻ̻ʣʱæûʱԷʱŷܱ绰ߡ
еۣҲܳʵǳԷ˯Ҫʱذʱ伷
ϰ裬ҲԡȨɲҸ˵ԼҪԲȵ飬ˣǵԼһ٣Ǯⲻҿô
ǿȨָ򣬾ԼΪȻ츳ƽƽ쵰ûªϰڻóԿΪԸ⿴ġ
ҪкҲʼԷʱȨĵ绰
Ȩ¿ӣӴӿ㶵͵绰εؿԼϰ裬ͷ촽ϵ͸£
Ͼ磬˴ģ¡Ȩһ˵һ߾϶ŵĵ绰ʵ̫ʱˣϾողǰװB
æúܣʱԣдţɣһȭŵ׵ģҲ֪˵²ں֡
ֻϣвˣһʣϾ磬ôˣ
Ȩ磬ûҽԺɣϾ΢е㼱
šûڡ𣿡ȨţıһۣȻ˵Ĳ;ᣬƺڻɣԼȥѧҽǲǸľ
ûоͺãʦҸ绰˵ҪСĵ㡣
˸ӣŵʦܳɸ鷳ûҵ˴ˡҲ֪ûƵġ
Ȩ⣬ŵһӡ
ЩɲźģϽѿһŻææعֻˡ
Ȼѹʣô£ʦܳɸû°ɣ
һԱߵɳߣһ͵͵Ƴźı飬Ȼ˵ɫʵûźЩ
Ȩ˵绰»ʱ򣬷źɫûֻǸԶΪȨˣ˵Ե㣬ҲҪԺõ㣬ҲԾؼҳԡ
ݲġŶȨĴ˵
ȨѾ˵¿ӣ˵ҳԵö࣬һֱԵöֲ࣬ǲ֪
Ͳ⣬Ҳ֪ô¡Ȩε
ͺķɫһǰĤҲûãǺܺڡ
ֻǻûֵȥҽԺ飬ֻÿ죬ҽ˵Ȩǽɫ
Ȩ˵꣬ͶŽ͵ϰ֣ո£ֻҽԺﳣҽƾףҶûʲôϵ
Ҫϼ鷳㡣
ŵͷԷģոսǸҽе˾⣬Һٺϼƺϼơ

ȵȨܾ˿ܾ˱ͣԼ뿪˱
ĬĬزһ绰ȥ
绰ͨ˴һӣ͹ˣȻԼ˵ҾȨ黹ǲģڵҽϵţҽеģ벡ֱӽӴ
Ҿõġȥɡ
ڵԺ˲٣СҽҲһ֡
ĸպΣһ֮Сʱȥģ˾ڣһƹܹ˾֮ǰȨѧʱʱ˹˾飬һֱ㿼ꡣ
ֱȨ˴ѧϰࡣ
ɨһ࣬ͷ˵ҾҲȨһӿģƽƽľͺá
ѧҽûʲôãȥɣôܳһڷġ
ˣ
ֻ˵ŵȥµģϵҲܸӡϵøӼ򵥵㣬Ҳʵˡ
ǽĵزˣĿҲǶӣΣسͺˡ
ȥ򿪵ȥˡ

գܳʱط֣Ŀգƺ΢ôڵ㲻Ծ
ԼϵСǵ̫á
ϾȨˣһǰ˵Ż
ֺɳ˶ˣһȦӣϵˣʲôû
ȨͶϾڿܳɽ󣬾кԱȥ
ɳ˶ֵˣǿܳһۣɫ΢е㸴ӡ
򺣱ΪĹ࣬Իûҡ
ܳɿȨͶϾ˶ʣôˣô⸱鰡
ǲǱϵŵˣ
ܳԼԭ򣬰ԼСŵˡ
ΪϵǸɵƣ⼸ɷʡϾԣһƺǿסʲô
Ȼ˵ɣܳɸ磡
Ȼ󳤳غһԻԼ
Ȩƺ֪飬ҲǶϾ˵ҲҲǲ֮һҲΪߡ
ܳɾ͵ͷҲͲٶʲôˡ
֪ʱȻ֪ˡ
ǰȥ˽ҡ
һȺʵϰʿߴߴذʲôС
˵ʦΪʲôҪͻȻ뵽ְǴƵĚGҺܿҪΪʦˡ
Ҳ֪ѽҪܽҽԺõƣҲְһʵϰʿһ⣬ֻǸרƣֻõԺƸʸ
ʸ񶼴ﲻ
꣬˵ɣҽˡ
ʦ黹ûһ˾Ͳˡ
˿ܳɵ˽Ǹͣİԡ
ܳɵɫһЩᡣ
ְˣ
ôְˣΪôҽԺͿҵ˱ȵģ
ͨƵĻֻҪԼûҽԺ˲ȥժıƣֻԼԸ
ȻڽӽʱܳɾͿһЩԺƸǲĻʿڽʱɫԴź⡣
ˣƵͶһ
ľͷǱƺ͹Ա
ֻǣʱ޽ӽ˵ӣߵʮߵʱ
ܳɷ֣ƽﶼϺ絽Ĳ̶λǿտҲ
ǲٵ˰ɣ
ֱ˵ʮŷ֣˲żϺͬʱ˽ҡ
ڽſڵʱϺһϲ̣졣
̶ȴֱλȥƴϺ߲ҲһԲ
Ϻ΢еΣֵ࣬˶˲̶ϺȻ󶼿Ϻ֪ڵǾϺ̶ӡ
Ϻ˶֮󣬽ʽʼ
ܿ죬ܳɾͷ֡
ĽΧƽⲻһ
ֵ໤ʿĽ򣬸ʽķǳʽ֣ղ˾ȷԺķӣѪʱҲȷ˷ӣԺƽ
Ƿֱ˵ʡʡ¡ѪѹѪֵȡ
յеʽʱ䣬ع鲡ʱ䣬Ŀǰ֫໤ʹʱѪͶˮƽҲȷİСʱһСʱСʱСʱСʱ
Ҫ˵ʿĽϸڹǿƴˣԻȽϤ̵Ļ
ôֵҽϣǾͲǿƵסԺҽʦˡ
ĽҲǱȽȫ棬ýȫˣͨƪȫûУಡ˲Ұȣ⽻׻
ܳɸо˿ķΧֹһأӦûǷĴ飬ֻ֪ѡ
Ȩ˻ʿϺΣһǻʿϴһҽĲϴ
ʿ̫hֵҽϽ֮󣬲ſڵϰ﷢һǳ鰡Ǿв˼͵͵ŵ˿ҡ
ǿƵƱȽϻѲ˼סΰ칫ңĻҽҲãʿҲãǲˣǳʲô飬ǿҶǸεġ
ҪǣǿҲ˵Ĳ˼
̫h˵⣬̾һȻǶõ˺ͼ²ۣҽԺ׼е㷱ʵϣǲȫҽԺû취ȫƵ鷢
ֻǰϣԺλֵʱҲãʱҲãҪʱʱ̵̿עţһԲΪǰᣬǧҪͻ
ҽԺİȫǱߣҲ˼
εûгʲôӵĺҲӦΪ䡣
̫hΪʿȻҪЩµģҲֻһ󣬱ϺΣʲôûеĻͽˡ
̫hǹѻתϺΪ֪Ϻ϶лҪ˵ġ
ϺȻͷ̶ֻ֡ͷûҪ˵˼
Ϻɤ˵ǿҰĲ࣬Ҳ֪ܶ࣬ǵҽͻʿˡ
Ҳһ٣ٶǿˣǵҽһеصȡϸѿҽҲˡ
ոջʿҲˣǿŵˣǿҵĲˡ飬ȫѾҽԺڲԭˣ
һҪѸλһ䣬ǧҪԼλãçײ£вͨġ
ϺĻò˰Ŀɨȥ˲̶򣬴Ҷǲ̶ġ
ϺҲҪԴΪͻƿڣ˵һ£
ҽԺǰҽԺʲôϴѧһҲħĶҽԺǹǿҲȫǰéĿҡҪʵʵڵΪ˽⡣
Ǹȥʲôȫһһͷ
ʲôò´ǿҲҪ׷ô£һ´һ㹦ܶûϵ
һǾ仰ҽһҪϸѿأһҪʵڵò˵Ĳת
ҽԺϾֻǰҽԺҪȥ׷ʲôȫҽԺģҲóȥѧ顣
˵⣬󲿷˶ĿƵƵϡ
ϺҲý˻ᣬֱӵƵ֣ƣҾûҪĲ˵˼ǲ˺ͼȫҵ˼
ϣ㲻ҪȥұϾһģæһپ٣һ𡣡
ƱֻЦЦֻЦЩࡣ
ŶϺΣ鶼ȥˣ˺ͼҪҪȥ飬תҲѾźˡ¾Ͳ˰ɡ
Ժͬ飬Բٷ˵ġԤԼĹؽƵסԺˣҲȥϴѧҽԺﲻٳƵˡƻظϺĺ仯
Ϻԣɫһ
ͬʱվԱߵܳɡ
ͫ͵һϺƵĻһȥ
ԭԪÿķΧù˵ģ˹ؽûˣҪתȥϺϣ
Ϊʲô
ƾʲô
ϺŲ̶ȫû˼˵ĿɨɨȥҲͲڽҴˡ
ֻƵȫû˵ġ
ֻӲͷƤ˵Ľ࣬͵Ϊֹɣǧʢȥ鷿ҡ
̶ƣһȥһΰ칫ңϸµ̸̸˵ϺһðС
Ϻ˵ʱ򣬲̶˶˵վȻϺֱӵһþֽǲ̫ãߵһ룬վˡ
ͶǧʢˣʿһˣǸϽˣҳϺĴϣ
ס˲ӣͷ˵ΣҾͲȥ칫˰ɣ߻вҪŲ鷿ء
ϺƽЩʲôģƾܾϺĽ
ˣҴ뿪˽ҡ
ܳɺͶϾȨȻҲᵱԹ۳ԹϵȺڣ꼰㡣
뿪ĻʿذѽҵŸˣҲ֪Ϻ飬΢е㲻̫ʣ±ȥ
Ϻ˶ߺɫһʣƣڹҶô
ƵƤһ̧ƽ˵Σû˼
ڿؽû飬ûǰ㱨Լ鿼ǵòܵ
ƵȻ϶Ϻ˵Ļġ
Ҳ֪Լ˽ɰ
ϹƱƵĻǷƹ˰
֮Ի飬ΪһԭǾǸϵĲˣθȻǲΣôĲˣҲö棡
Ϊ㼴ΣȻĴΡ
δ鸺ƣֻҪûҪ£
ûаѲõҴУ˵ûΪ鷳֮ǰһţⲻǶʲô
ò̶ĻֱȥҲ̶鷳
ȫôģΪֻзֹȷܹõΪ˷
ԼҪشˣҪû뷨
ȻϺӲա
һˡ
̶ôѻ˹ȥΣؽû飬˵ˣҾͰߵģҽǱҲб
ڿʽŻûü㱨뱨ύġ
ⲻԽҽбȨǲ̶ܵģһ
ΨһĲ֮ûиλ㱨
Ϊʽ룬ԭҪȥܵģֻǣҽʦҲܸԵġ档
ⲢӰϺ£˽ɵʵ
Ϻ̶ʽĻϺ˿ѻ
̶ȲҪ˵ҲȲҪ˵Ҫһ˼·
죬ֵҽǻϣϲǹǿƵרҽ
˺ͼõҪ´ķԸ󣬾ú⣬˻ʿվʿҲȽ⡣
Ծʹҵĵ绰Ҿ˵Ȼһ
ֻҲ֪ϻֱǲεȥͲ棡ò˺ͼᣬҪתⲻǵĲˡ
Լû˵Ļ
ѵûе˵ʲô
Ƶͷ
ȷϺǴû˵ĻģֻǣϺڿңô˵
Σֵ࣡
Ϊˣһ춼ڿ鷢ʱҲڿ֪Լ󿵸ļƻһ⣬ֵô
ܳҪ࣬ɡ
ңΪ˱ʱϾҲڿԷһ
Ϻ˵㵱ʱڴһ鰡Ǹŵֵҽ㣬Ҿֳ˵ʱǲŵľǶԵġ
£Ļ㲻ֻʺͷϿ۰
ڿ¼ΪǵĲˣĲˡԺôչϺ˵ú޹
ҲԼԩúܣ˶ڿȴԵ޹ʵرôһڹ
ֵҽ벡ͨʱˣǸϣΪ˱㣬Ҳܹ찲òˣֱ˾䡣
´νģҲǲΣ´ƣǸҽʦԼðɡǻ˵ԭ
Ϻ޲ð
һ˵ϺǿΣƵĽ飬ĳʶ൱Υ
̾ҪתȥϺ飬˵ƸͲῴֱҵ٣µص飿
ֵ̫һʿҲõʱó̫ʹϺĵ绰֮ͬת
ȻϺҲǾãƵĹܶе̫ˡ
Ϊ˱տǣҼͲڵŵͷ˵ģŽٸ̶úýֻ͡û뵽̶˵ķӦô
ҪҪһǣҸģ
Ƹпһ£㲻Ϻˣס
ϺռеĹ۵ϣǻеǰᡣ
ԼΪǲϹصġ
ϺΪһ㣬ǻôȥ
϶Ͳ飬ԽԽҡ
ǻ̸ʲô
ѵ˵һϺƨ
ңֵҽǹǿƵģֻǹ࣬ϹƱû⣬ȥͲǿгǲε飿
ΣҪȥ鷿ɡ˺ͼԸҪת飬Ҹûκ뷨ġְѻ˻ȥ
˿ǰûйؽƵĲ˸㣿
ʱϺ˵úֻǼ֮ڣʶĲԾˣѹؽλַλɳ档
ڿѾ㹻֮󣬱㲻ٴٽһȥ档
ϺֱغͳԷ˼ά
⡣ȥʲô
Լϼҽʦ̶뷨ҲֻԼһĶֵء
ϺԣֻҪĲ˴ѾԵˣûȥ·ʽ
ֻǿûѡ
Լ뷨Ϻбۡ
ɽտʼ̨Լڲţֳô۶ӣĹҽô
õסԺҽʦͷϣƶ˵ǲͬġ
ģѵϲ֪ǹƹܵ
ҲмȥסԺҽʦ鷳
ϺԾ˦˦ͷ˵ȥ鷿ȥ鷿ҷѾˣ㲻ţҲû취ԺҪʲôҲܣ㻹вô
˵⣬ϺЦˡ
һ㣬ƣ㲻Ը⵱ֵˣҲвңҲҵ顣
ĺͣҾǿҶһŶӵģҪ⿪ûҪһֱĽᣬӰ쵽ȫûк̸˼
Ϻ˵ʱڵõϺͬȥ鷿仰ʱҵȥˡ
Ӱܿʧſڴ
ϺȭͷȻ˲̶ϲ̣ôȫûһŶʶ͹ʶ
̶ȴֻ˵Σ⻰ɲҽñӿɲҿ۵İ
СһʲôˣҶĿõġ
С޸շֵԼͷˣ˱ûˡʵ
̶ɲϺʲôȫϺߣƽϺνǽ£ϺֱӰѲŪȥ顣
̶ֱӵΣԼĴ˵װɣ㵽ʲô뷨̯˵ˡ
㵽Ҫʲô
ʶ˼ʮ꣬ҡ
Ϻԣһͣʲôȥϡ
ֻǿ̬ȣвͨˡ
ϺһƣȻδƣǣƢú
ҵȷ顣ϲ̣Ҵ¸£ѿԱṹµһ¡
̶ɫһϺĻûԤϡ
̶ֻ촽δôˣ
ϺǲΣȷеԱƵȨǲ̶Ϻİ롮ɡ
Ҵ㣬ֺֻܳϲ̣Ҫ֪ܿҪӭһֵλˡֵƵĸҽʦĻ
϶ܳ飬ҵ֧֣ź没ελá
ܳ
̶ȴϵֻܰȨߡҪܳɵĻҪѶǧʢҡ
֮ǰ飬ʱδһ飬Ϻһ顣֣ٸΣǸϺġ̶ŵǶǧʢ
ʱֻǸҽʦ
ȥελʱδǶƵΣֻϺ˵ǶƵλã˵ʲôҲҪԼϡ
ϣ̶ܹѶǧʢȥһʱ䣡
Ȼн޻ˣƺ󣬰ûôӴˣ򷢸˲̶
ϺҲԸȡ˹ǶƲελãϺҪʼʩ̶ôܻϺ
ʵܳɶߵģֻ̽һ£ϺûҪȥε
Ϻԣһ飺̶㿪ʲôЦǧʢˣǱܿˣǿƻƨ
ܳɺֶסֻ࣬ǻѾƣΪεĿԺܴ󡣡
ҿ϶ǻͶһƱġ
̶ãϺôôҪ
ΣȻֻסԺҽʦĻǾͲ˰ɡҾþͦõġ
̶Ҳûȥ׷Ϻڲ˵ˣ˺ͼҪתȥϺʱ򣬾֪Ϻڸ۶ӡ
ƾƿǿǿԸģʲô˶ŪõƸӴʡ
ֻû뵽ƾȻô󡣵ͺϺˣ
ϺʱҲðϲǹǿƵס࣬ԶԹǿƲȫѵϣҲ֪ƲȥһСסԺҽʦƽϡ
ϺѾһˣϽ̶Ҫԣϲ̣ǹǿƶܹõǿƴΣҶкôġ
Ƕδģһ˵İҲΪ˿ҿǡ
ֻܳǸסԺҽʦѣ߬Ҳûðϲȥϲ꣬Ǻαأ
ȥƺܳɵ˼빤Ļǿ϶ǻͬģϾҲΪǿҺá֮ڵĿԱƣԻع
ֲҪˣ
̶һЦſϺǧʢô˵أ
Ȼ̶Σ⣬Ҳ̶޳ܵһΣͲڶΡ
ϺԣƤһ
ʲô⣿ѻ˵ôðɣֻǿԱƵѡǧʢ飬ԸˣҲˣ
Ҳ˽ҶǧʢĹİҲֲһô
ƿħĸ߲øʱüͷûһµġҲˣƵʵǿǧʢƱ
ҪƵĻҿ԰ѶǧʢƣϺ赭дһܴ󷽵ı顣
ˡ̶пһ£ҡҡͷ
˭ҪǧʢҶԲסҲûĹ
ǧʢΪ˵ˣҲ̶ԸҪ
Ϊʲô֪ô
Σ͵ΪֹɣҲҪȥ鷿ˡͬĿ̶ԸԵڶΡ
Ϻɫ䵭˵̶ҾҪԱṹأ
´ȨԱƣһ仰飬Ϳ嶤
Ǿ͹ϲһҽʦڱԷˣ̶ŷ֣ȥˣʮ־
Ϻһ㶡
˺ü£ŷӦ̶⻰˵ֱӴְ
ǳвˡ
ϺݺݵشһӣĿ⣡
Ⱥ
۾С
֮Ϻüͷͺݺ
˵̶Ҫְ˵Ļô̶λãôȥ
ǧʢȥ飿
Ȼƹ
ܳɻǸŶǧʢ
ĻԼҲ׬
Ϻƺܳ˶Ūġ
ܶ


һʮ ħǹ
ӽ߳˶˴ȥ鷿ˡ
ܳɡȨϾ򺣱ĸȺף̶˽ҡ
ĸ˾վ˾뽻ҲԶǽڣŶѣϼͬʱ
ܳʣ쵽ô£Ͼǲڿﰡ
ܳɺǵãϾڿ绰ġ
Ͼ˵ҺʦڴǸ˵ʱʦǸ˺ͼȥʿվʵʲôʱ´ҽ
ʱʦںͲʱ䡣Ȼֵҽȥȥ˵νҪ´
벡˺ͼˣ֮󣬾Ϳ´
ɻȴ˵ϺǲΣֻǿΡǴøʲôʱ´أ
󣬲˺ͼͿʼҪת
ܳüͷһ򺣱ɵܰɣ֪ʦǿҵĹסʦģôȥ˵ʦ𣿡
ǳƿԻҪʦ￼Ҫǩֵġ
˵ҫǹǿһסܵĻôƾǹǿƶסֱϵϼ
Ҫȥס鷳Ҫȸһƣסϵ
ϳӱ¿ˣŻô˵ġ
Ͼҡͷɻô˵ˣһֱʦǸʦҲûȥ׷ֻǻһֱû˵ϺҲ˵ֻ
˺ͼһֱܲȥ˺ͼͲ̶Ҳҽʦûã˺ͼֻ϶ϺǲΣҪתȥ顣
ǾϺͲ˵ʲôϺ֮Ĺʲôȥƶ˾¼ҳȻĻֻŻȥ˵ˡ
¼ҲֻҵϺ֮졣ϾͲ˵ʲôȻǸԡ
ڵĽǣΪάֻߺͼѡȨȨΪ˱ףȥεϡ
˵ˣҽдơ
Ͼֱ׵زţдƵ˼ǣúվ̨ãǿ϶õġƵǮ
ǣͲù˭顣
Сֻţƾ˳һ磬ƺ飬ɫһ壺Ͼ㽲ˣ㲻Ҫ£ôǲأ
¸۵𣿡
Ͼ˸ϽȥϾ˵ܳɸȨǶˣԼ˽˵һ˵Ӧûϵİɣ
ҽʦҽʦξΣϼҽʦϼҽʦ㵽ҪҸ˵ٴΣ
㲻һĻԿģ
Ͼѵ̵ͷȥ
Ƽ״˵תˣ˺ͼҪתҪûȨܾġ
֪ͬ⣬֪ͬ⡣
ԸתԸܣҽƹϵ
ȥ鷿ǱһЩеûġ
˵ţܳɵ˶һ鷿;Уʼ˲鷿
Ϊˣ˽鷿ʱ˾
һǹȥϾãסԺĲǰ飬Ѿ׷
ˣƺܿ죬ʹܳǲ鵽һ
̶ʱò˸鷿β͡
Ƽ̶󣬾ذѴ鷿λø˲̶
鷿ϣ̶͵ϾȨȥѽҽƣûҩĲ˲дĲҲҪдȫ
ҲҪκƽʱôͻô𣿡
ϾȨ˶ͷֻеģǲȥˣҲ޷ȷ
̶Ҳû˵ɶƺܳһۣһˡ
̶˵꣬߳˲ţһߣȴһŰ״ӡ
һʦȥΰ칫𣿡
ȥ˵ΰ칫ҰֲΡ̶ۿһۣҲ֪ǲǹôһ䡣
ƺܳԣһ
Ų̶ݿڷȥˡ
Ϻ׷ʱͷ̶ֲƺܳһûڿң˶ϾϾ˵Σʦ귿ͳȥˣ°ɡ
Ϻס˶ͷɫ粻ػΰ칫ңһ裬һСʱûȵ̶˻Ҳ֪ǵȲ̶ˣˡ
ҽ칫Ȩȴûرȥҩˡ
ǻˮһؾű黻ҩֻ꣬ϲ˵Ĳ
ʮ࣬ȨõĻҩǰִ˸绰ﱨ˻ؼҳԷĲ͡
ȺԼĹ֮°ˣøȥ
Ͼ򺣱ҲȺ뿪˿ҡ
һжƺӡ
ֵҽֵֵ࣬Ļʿɺæ
Ÿֵ绰ǽӹ˵绰֮󣬶ֱӸֵҽϼҽʦ֣Ի㱨˼Ҳֱӱ˺
̶ܳɺ˶ֱ˳ϼʻλͿˡûƺܳ˵ȥ
һ·޻
Ŀλú󣬲̶ͣ˳ܳɺǴߵĳƿ³ܳɻΪ̶˼ʻλĳţȻſʼܡ
ƺһ԰ӣλĽλܳɻҲûϵͼȥҲ²̶Ұƺˡ
ȥ԰֮ܳɾͷ֣һԷ
˿ʱ磬ԹԱĥ󹤣̶˵ʱе⣬ϵĵ㣬Ҷȥ緹ȥ·۵ĵ㣬ʱ˿ɲࡣ
ãλ
λһ̲裬𻨸⡣
Ϣỹڰɣ̶ֱ˵ʡ
Ա̾˲̶ϿˣæѲ̶˽ȥ˵ڵģλ
һߵʱܳɾͿڷŸֲ߼Ʒ඼ͲĶ
һ㣬Ǽ̶ܳ󣬲̶ԹԱ˵ֱϵ㣬ѵȻǿܻҪ㡣
õġԱʮʶȤ˳ȥ
ǿ˿̶ΣҵȻҪȥǱߡ
ȲȥҽкҪҪ̶˵ţ˿ſڣȻѾԱˡ
Ȼ̶͵ģƣҽҪҪĸ顣
һǣǰߡ
ʱҲڿ飡ǧʢǸҡʱλûߣϺΡ
ڶ꣬ߣξж˴ʽȥˡҲһ꣬ǧʢͱҪ˹ȥε֣ٸźδµ顣
һֱţֱˣ
飬ǲˡ
ƵɫһûһֱϺĶǧʢȻǰ̶
ѵǶǧʢϺ˿ΣȥϺ飿
Щɻû׷ʡ
̶Ȼڶ£ߵƸúͬһǩҲڱƸõ꣬ǩһΡڶûǩڶεĺͬ
ǩ˺ͬҲõˡ
Ƶɫһ
̶˵Щʲô˼ѵ˵ҽԺ¿ô
ǲ̶Ҫߵˣ
ǣϺǿƴελãϣܳɿԹȥæ
Ϻĳ˹ǿƵĴΣڹȥæ˵ĻԺǰ̣档
ҽĿģҪ̸̸ʵ뷨
̶˵꣬ͿƺܳɵĿⶼе㡣
ù˼̫࣬ҺܴǻΪԭ룬뿪֮ǰҪ˸źá̶˵⣬˵˹ؼ㡣
ƾʣΣҪʱˣǶϾô죿
ϾҲԸһߣ㲻ҪģаšԸߣҲᰲȥȥ
ҪôģȥһأǾڹǶơ
ڹǶƣȥϺϣҪȺҪá
Ҽһҽʦο϶ҲûǱߺá
ҪȥһƵĻôҽǸ꣬ϺҪ̨ʱǸףࡣ
˽ҲҽӴԸ⵽ȥһ
̶һһ
̶ĻƵͬģͺϺȻúܶ࣬ϺȵĻҪ΢ʵˡ
Ʋûлش̶ĻǷʣΣ֪ҪߵϢ𣿡
β֪
ܳƺͲ̶ǻܶ
̶Ҫߣ
ⲻѧôû̶ϸ»ں˵Ժô
ôڣȻ˵߾Ҫˣ
̶ҡͷҪ߲߻һ
ֻǵ뷨ҪߵĻҪôҲûõġ
ҪߵĻҲõȵ˵ˣǰƻᶯͷ
Ǳ˵رǱϾ
ܳɺͬʱͷ˭û»ȥϾ˵⻰
ܳɻ룬Ͼص˱ȣƾһ̶̶֪Ҫ뿪˵Ļ֪Ͼô롣
ƣ̶ƣֱӵʡ
˵ĻҾͻڿɣŲˡȻãϾûҹؽƵӵġ
ѾһĿӣôҲüȥƵ˵úֱӡ
ȻϺãҪϺ֮ѡĻѡϺڹ˹ؽӵϺ
أܳɡ̶ܳɡ
ܳЩҵ˵ɣﶼԡʱʦȥҾȥˣʲôһ
̶ˣȥ˱֪ᷢЩʲô͸ƣš
ңܳɵﻹһ𰸾ǿԼȥأǾͲÿЩ˰
ܵӣʵ֣ܳȥˣôڶڼҪѧʲô⻹е㲻̫ûش
ֻǲ̶ΪʲôҪʱ˵Ҫְأһ˵
ǿѨ磬ѵֻΪϺˣ
ЩһܳҲѧƵ˻ظ
̶ֵ˵ͷȻƵؿ˵˵ļ£ƣĩҲǰʱĺţǲģ
šƵͷϾĩ󲿷ֵϰֻĩʱ䡣
Ҵһ£ɳҽԺĹؽƵûû
Ŀȱһ룡̶ĵģ˵һ֡
Ƶıһɫ͵رò
ܳɵɫҲһ
Կе崻
ɳҽԺ٣õϴѧһҽԺȻʡҽģʡ
ؽƵЩҽԺĩҲС
ҽԺЩȣȫġ
˿Բɳмġ
ҽԺȻҽԺųõģǹؽƵ
ǵһ쿪裬Ȼ
ô˵ΪؽƵĲ˶࿩
кԴиƨĺ
ҲĬĬŵζѣô֪˭
һ쿪ؽˣҽԺû
ƵȻ顣
̶ŷų˸ذըˣϺˡ
ԣûǵ£没Ҳתȥ
ȥ飬һؽƣؽһŷ򣬸ˣӺܶȥƴǿƴελá
ոҲҲ뷨Ժ浹ǲٳʲôӡ
ԺϺĻ»Ҫһ۵ġ
һת⸴ӵʣΪҽԺ𣿡
ΰôһȦȥߣ
ҹǡ
֮ǰǻϼƹȥܹؽƵΪλôǳʦĸУԭ򣬿ϺҲ˽ͺҽƴк
ֻɱסˣ
ôʵҪĿĻôҡǲΣǾķչˡ
㷢ûУ
˺ͼûˣֻ˵Ĺ̫ܶˣһ鷳ҪǮǸֻҪת顣
Ϻ֪ԸˣдпΪһչŻ
ҲϣһС
Ϻֳܹһ˼ѸЩʱȥúѧϰһרҵҲˡԴӵ֮󣬾ֻŸЩˡ
˵⣬̶ԳЦЦ˵ҲϺҡǼĹϵ̫ˣҺͺڵĻͲȨԼķʽΪıչɡ
Ըһˣ˼ΣԾһԵȫ˳ȥú÷չǶˡ̶˵ţ͸Ⱥˡ
Ȼ̶Ը˷ԱѲˮϣģֻŰѶ¡
̶Ҳû˵ʲôֻ÷ԱѶ£һ˷һ󣬲ſ˵ллȻҪĻһǵġ
˼ǺԱҪˡ
Ա֪Ȥ˵ã˳ȥ
Ա֮ƲʣΣ㽲ЩеԲϰ
ΪʲôһҪȥأΰŸôಡ˸һѧӶһȥ˹һô죿Բ⡣
̶һ̾˵ôﲡ˸Ҳ̫ǣ϶ǲȥһƵġ
ȥһƣԺʱͻˣϾħоͦзģʱҿˣҪ£ܾˡ
ҪȥɾҺͺһҪһ
ҪôߣҪôǺߡһϺź¶ԿԱٵ䡣϶ǲߵģǾֻˡ
飬ϸµĺº³ڿ˷ͷ
ܷܳеһȥϺϺҲ֪ҲϷ֡һֱҰɡ̶ĵظƷš
ֵ棬һƣһܳɣǲ̶ˣλ⣬ϺܲҲ̶鷳
üͷ΢΢һ壺ΣҲҪߵɰǻӣҲͦõΣٱߣ
̶赭д˵Ϻ˸Ҫߵɡûϵ
̶ҲǺ׵ģΪʲôô
߮飬ϺͶֽӴġ
ֻһʼϺû߮ѡ̶飬ǺչȥǶ֪ԼЩʲôͶˮˡ
ʵ̶ǰ⡣
Ϻ˲֮Ϻ׸ദóĽǣҪôϺȥһƣҪô뿪Ƕơ
ˣԸ̫ˣֻ·ͬ
һɽݶ
Ե̶ͣڵʵԽϣֱӳϺۺʵǰϵĲʿŪȥ˹һƣֵ࣬Ҳǲ̶ת
ϺԴ
취Ļôεţֻᱻ𽥼ܿգĪ˵ǹǿƵĴˣ¶Ҳ̶ߡ
ƺܳɣҪһ˹ȥ̶ǲԸĻ
ǿҪ̶Ȼߡ

˵Ƶһתûֱȥظ̶˵ΣһһɡҲҲûô⡣
ҽ첻ֵ࣬ҾȥĸǱ˰Ƽ̶ѻ˵꣬Ҫ
̶ûֻܾǵͷ˵á
ƾ˳ȥȻʱֻʣƺܳˡ
̶ŲæҡŲյ
ܳǴ۶Ų̶СۣҲ˵ʦҽֵࡣҪҲˣ
ܳɵһμʶһͷƤĸо
̶˵ֲƣȷҪѧɿ𣿡
úҸ㰲һ£
ҲһԺʿʦô
û֮ǰЩʵȫǹ˵ô
ϺȻǲΣֲɵӣѵͲ֪Ƶıվŵ˭𣿡
мȥ˵£ŵĲˣΪʲô˵𣿡

ܳɵ۾ɴԲˡ
ǲҲˣҸոսĻʵ©İ̶ܳɡ
ܳĬȻûҿڡ
˵©ٳҲԲ˵ġ
Ȱ̶˵ϺŵģϺˣܹòֻĿȥ׷˵飿
Ƴ˧
˻ȥ㳤˧˧ô
ڶʦԺʿǺͱ˲˺ͼʲôϵ
Ϻ˵ȥ飬ƾͱȥ
תȥ˺飬һԱڲ̶һϺһΣȥܵȥ
Ʋȥ翩
Ժʿʹˣ¶Ĵ㱳ѧܲˣ
ֻɳйģֲﷸġ
Ҳ˵ýʱҪ˼ҵĴҪҵóŷġ֤ݡġҲƵĲôƵ׸ȥ
ʦոΪʲôҪô˵ܳɲʡ
ȻҪϺʵ뷨ͱ漣˵ȻĻô뿪ˣ
㲻ùܣҪܵ飬Լ
㲻ƣ
ûʦƶûС
֮ηҪȥ飬ô죿̶ܳɡ
ܳһ˺ܶ뷨
ࣿ
Ӳգ
òΨһǵֶξǣ̣
̵ҵ֮뿪գװϺĹƣ̵ҵʦΪ
ʦҿǴʱ𣬾һֱİ
ʦǲ˰취
̶ܳһ޹
̶ָܳɣɴС۾˵⸱飬Ҹ㣬ڿⷢ飬ȫйϵ
ԪǼؽƵĲ˵ĳ֣ҲѲϵ
ܳٴȻЩ߰غʲôϵ
һȥϴѧҽԺϺˣˡ
ܳɼ㵵۾
˾䣺Ϊʲô
̶ҡͷ붡ֵĻصҲ֪
㲻ã˺ͼҽԺ̫Ϥô
֪ҽԺԼѡҽˣ
֪ȥָǷǵˣ
ʲôˣ̶һ˵Żһ߳ܳɵͷһʡ
ͬУһ϶˽ƵͬУ
ܳƺʲôʣʦʵһ̨ؽûIVɲʲôС£
̶˵ǲС£Ҫ֪ǰɹʲôҲͲʲôˡ
Ҫ֪ʲôµģ֮⣬ǲעģϾᣬľ룬ôԶ
̶һ˵ô࣬ܳȻЩ⣺ʲôϵ
ҺƶˣһڰҽԺű۸ͷô
Ҫ֪Һֲ뿪ʡ̶˷ۣܳɽôô
ܳɵҧ촽

뿪ݺȴ˸˰ҽԺȻͣ˼ʻλϣһϴѧҽԺһӵһͨ绰
ιãλ
ҽãϴѧҽԺĶ֡
ãʲô£Ϊʲô顣
ҽϴѧ顢Ȼνֱ̡⡣
㶣ȻأڣںҿЦɣھֻǸͨ˶ʿоѡ
˶ʿоѧУ̵ִĲʿоֻǲ˲ʿ̶ѣҽǴĳġҽ˵꼸仰ȻãЦ˵
ûػֻɻ
ҽ֪ҽ㻹ҪصħγԺʿǱȥ죬ܻѧ죬ȻѧɹԺָ̡Ҳţ֮ǰ˵ܶࡣ
м㲻ͬĿҽԲ԰
ħҽԺĿǰҽѧˮƽѾ۷ˮƽ˲żüãѧʣӺĲʿ
ȻҲƾҽ츳ʵĴ󻷾ܶɧΪһ뢣ˣΪҵ̳ΪĴˣԺλԺʿУҲʲôˡ
ֻǣûĹǿĳһҵλ۷塣һУħĸҽԺԣǽѡ
ħ֪ħĲʡɳеĲȣȫ֮ħÿܹн˲ţ˵Ҳʮʮࡣ
ħһȣʡƧ֮Сϲ¡ÿѧԸߣʡı⣬ԸȥʡҲԸɳС
οħȣʡƽҽˮƽٺüٽֵʡݶû취ȣ̸ħˡ
ʡħȣôǮסҽɣҪ˵ɣ޷ǣǿ˵ɳмļأʡһƬضѡ
Щջħȣȫ޷Ტۡ
ǣҵ֪ҽʡ˺һϣϴѧʡѧֿضҽ֦
ɻôһʡԿΪʦſأɽ̻ɻݼա
ڶʡ侭òǿǿϴѧҲһԲƽ̨֧ҽκηĿѧооĻ豸ȱߣܶɧ
ҽħǽʡѩ̿
ģʡеҪδõĲħܱ֮ȵġ
Ȼأҽնһ٣ֻΪ˶һ٣ҽҲֻһţѡ㣡
ûʲôƶԴ֮֡Ͼʡ󸻴϶޷֤˲ʽħȸǾţһë
ֻϣҽܹ˼⣬ǳ̵ִֿġ
֣˵ʱ򣬱ͣˣһжǵ㵽ֹ
ԣüͷݺһ壬Ȼֱӵʣڣ˵ЩĿģϴѧҽԺô
ҽҽԺԵ˵ЩҽϴѧҽԺҲһַʽĽֻΪҸΪҽԺıѣ
ϣҽܹһǴѧĸҽԺһأƾҽʩչŻҸˣ޸ϵ
ڴڼ䣬Ըŵṩһǧоʽ̸

ڻˣʵеֲ̫ˣһС
ʲôʡṩٻ󣬵ǿԸṩĲԴ
ѧҽΪ˲˶ȥѧô
ҵҽΪ˲˶ȥģ
Ϊã

ǣԼĸײԵʱƵȷˣڴλϣкܶಡ˶ΪʱҽΣcaġ
ĸ׾ˡ
ȥ֮ĸһ֧ͥȻѧѺѶûʼҪĸȻΪȢϱڴǮΪǮûйɵĳԷ
θ
סԺ֮ΪסԺķãϻȥ˵ġ
סԺ֮Ϊû취תȥõҽԺλȥˡ
ǣûһֱϣϵβˣȥˡ
ǡ
ˡ
ʡľˮƽħȣȷǲ˲ֹһذء
ħ㼯ȫĲǰȥƻǷ֣ܹȥħģǶвһС顣
ҽҽ
ҽҽˡ
ҽҽ
ֵĻٴλ뵽ԡ
һأƾҽʩչŻҸˣ޹ϵ
ҽУִ̣
ʡܹṩĲԴ
ʡеҪδõĲħܱ֮ȵġ
˵˻ô
˵
֣Ǹʲôˣ
ǣ
ħ

ϡ
ȥ¥½Լľ˾ķ˾˾סڸͻ͵Եģ˳㿴ĸף첻̫㣬еæ·ȥá
ž˾һ˾˶塣
ҲԼĽ˸öӣԾһ
ʱƺȻֱߵĴλˡ
ʣG裬찢ȥô
ǡ˵ǳԺȥˡ֣ݸп
粻ǻ˵ҪƵ𣿡ƿеһ١
ûôǮͻȥˡ
ӣҪҲԺ˰ɣ˷ˡ֣Щ⶯ؽ顣
Ƶɴ۾˵裬˵ʲôڵ״̬ںתҩͻ£ϴCTټ١˵ûܺء
ȥ
֣˵סԺ˼ʮˣǮٴһ㣬㷿ӵ׸ˡҵĻ㲩ʿͱҵˣʱʦҲͺø㰲Źˡ
֣һǰŵġ
ưѷĲһһȡ֣˵裬˵Щˣҹʱȥһħ
ҪȥħҪȥȥȥ֣һϲ
ˣҲÿϢߣȻƱ˸
ҴȥǴȥʦеģ
ѾˣҾ߶һ߰ѷֳ룬һ֣ݣһԼţЦŶ֣˵
֣ɫһ䣬˵ĸӣһžžવصӯͬʱˣӣԲ㡣
Цĸ׵ı裬Ϊ㡣
ɨɨԱߵĿմ֮ǰסԺ찢ϱЦòԺ֮С
֮ҽҽ
ͳĴҽΪҽҽҽΡ
ҽҽΣΪУɴٽҽѧķչΪҽ֮;
һҩһĸɻݼǧ
ҽҽûй֣֮ҽУҽл֣֮룬Ҫҽߵ˻кܶ࣬һ֮нѧҽԺ
ҽҽ
ΪҽȴʵΪҽ߱Դҽߡ
̸ѧ̸ѧ


һʮ һն֮
ֵƣҲܳȱϯ緢ԭ򡣽ֵܳ࣬ԴӲ̶ܳɾͻص˿
ֵǺĹ࣬顣
ܳɵʱ򣬾ͷȨ졣
ȨһĽ˵ãһͲﲡ˺ͼ绰
Ȩ˸Ͳ֪˵󣬻ʿʿǽˣǿƹֵʱֱӴϼҽʦĵ绰ͬĲٳڶΡ
ҲñȽңǣҲ˵׼ҲŸһ硣˵Ȩ硣
㻹ȥȨ磬ҿ˶ˡ
Ҿ͡ȨҪ˵ʲôʱ򣬾ͿܳɣȻȫҾˣæġ
Ȩվ󣬶ܳЦЦʣܳɸ磬ˣ
ϵʱ򣬲̶ƺܳˣϾûϾȨʣÚGǲǲ̶ѾϾȨˣ
Ͼе㼱ȨѾ·̨ػضϾϾ磬϶ӣΪ顣
ȻͶϾôĵʱôοŵģȨҲ̶ͦƼ͵͵Щʲô
ţֵ
磬һ緹ܳɺ˸к
ϵͷ˵ãڿʼһֵʱڵ˾ͽˣǧʢһֵԷֵֵܳʱ򣬲ҪƷˡ
õİܳɸ磬ҵˣνġ
Ȩ磬һ𣿡ȻȨո˵ҪȥǶһ졣
һȥԡȨҺ˷ޣõĲ䷹ʱЦŻص
Ȩ⺩ı飬ܳɵһ
̶Ҫ뿪ƶ˵ˣ˽Ͼǲ̶ѧҲ϶аšȨƻһֱڹɣ̶ֱ뿪
뵽⣬ܳɾ͵Ȩżȥ𣿲żĻһȥϢһȱȣ
Ȩ˿ʱ䣬ΪҪص֮ǰϻؼҾͿءܳɸĿȣ϶ҪӺȵġ
Ҿһ˰ܳһصһȻֻݸ飬˵磬Ҳһɡ
Ȼò˼ܳɵĺ͵ſڣҲþֻܾ˵ܳɸ磬´ϰ
ˣܳɲȨһߵϢȥ
˿ϢѾûˡ
ܳɰһأȻȨȨӣͲνʦ˵Щʲôô
ȨһŹڹйҷŵλãһ߼Ϣڲߣ˸
Ȼҡҡƨһ˸
氡ҺϾ˺üӣҲû۳ʲô
Ҿȥˣ֪ģʦʦ϶˵ġ
ٲã˵⣬Ȩһתܳɸ϶ǲҵĶԲԣ
ܳɸսûֱߵԼġá̴λ£ûֱȥ˼һ㲻ܸ߸Ͼ
Ǿ˶ܵġܳɱࡣ
ܳɾȰѲ̶˼ȸȨ͸¶һ㣬ֻҪϾ˵ͺˡ
̶Ҳû˵ܸȨ
Ȩǰ֪ˣҲЩȽ϶ʱ俼Ժ󵽵Ҫȥ⣬ȥϺ飬ȥ飬߾͸ɴȥһأ
áȨܳɵı£ҲǴӲһˡ
Ҳʽ˵ܳɸ磬İɣͶϾƣҾ˵©졣ҲԲ˿͵ġ
ܳһ˵˵пҪߣ
ʲôȨһվܳƽӣɫǽġڡҲͬĺڣҪڰ죬ƾֱˡ
ܳɼ˵Ϊ˵ԭ򣬿ܻ뿪ҽԺҺʦҪȥ
ô˵Ȩæʡ
Ҳ֪˵Ϻ˱ȽϺãȥǱߣҲһһ˼ɡ
ֻǶϾҲпܻȥоҹһ岻ȥҪȥλȥܳҲΪã˵š
̶Ҫߣܳɾ͸ûȥͲ̶۹̶ҪҪԺ¸ôˡ
̶ҪˣԺ
νרڲڣ
ܳҲ֪
Ȩɫһ粻ǲ׿˵ĻֻܳɸƲⰡ
ΪǼ£
ܳɵͷҡͷȻǲ׿ڽģҲֻɣҲйϵ
˵飬ܳɾ;еס
ô˸ԸΪ̡Ƶˣ
ǾûҿȨૣЩʧص
ơܳɡϾ̶˰ţȨһһˡ
ܳɾæ˵ȨӣοҲҪ¸߸Ͼƾǰ˵һ˼㵽ʱȥ²ʰɣ
ȨҪȥȽϺãǲ̶ſ϶ЩڹǶȥһ̶ڵǲһġ
ȨҡͷˣμȻûᵽңҾ͵֪¡
лл㰡ܳɸ硣ȨɫΪеѿܲ
ȨӣҡܳɻҪЩʲô
Ȩˣ˿ʱ䣬ȻͻȻ˵ʱҲˣȻȥˣܳɸ磬æԼİţһٺȡ
˵꣬ȨӾȥ

ʮ롣
СžͿɫԴسżұſڣ濪˽ȥ
Ϊǰ͵ԵʣҲȨٻؼҳԷŽǰ˻ȨԷ
Ȩɫ̫ãʣǲǸð˰е㲻̫߰
ȨǿһЦ¶ݣڷɫӳ£ݿס
ûаϰ֡ûð
ǹ̫æ˰ɣеۡȨæ͡
Ҳ۰
Ȩȴһֱתͣ
֪Īô֪Ȩʵúܣʣ˵˵ɣÿѵʱ򣬾ͻ¶ݡ
ϰҾݲ𣿡
˵˵ɣʲô£ʲôطǾҪģҺҲܹ꣡ʵ
Ȩæͣһ죺ûʲôûʲô
Ҫǲɶ£˵Żˣһϸ񣬿ûб濴ô飡
㲻˵ˣҵʱҲܲ鵽һνص
Ȼ࿴һԼţŻڳæ޷ˡ
Сûʱ򣬶ǱķǺ³ģСŻʱǿ϶ǲһ
ѹǸΣշԪģѾС
ŮְˡԺתС
Сϸ㣬ǲ㣬ΣǳһɨΪá
Ȩſͣ
ǿƵĻʿ˵飬˸İ
üͷһ壺˼һСʿĽУ㲻ɣ
Ȩ粦˹һҡͷңһرҪõѡ죬ϵܾòһ㡣
˵⣬Ȩæ˵ϰ֣ˣ𰵵ȥʲôԼġ
ͲҪ˰
֪㶼ֹ˵һˡ
ЩҶûԶйӴԼɡ˵һȨǳĻ
Ȩվϰ㣿
Լȥģûȥ顣ǱϾĵطһҪôãһǶҪſһµġЦЦ⡣
Ȩ΢һЩе㲻ϰ֣ҴС͸ҹߵѿܾǾĲһֱжˡ
ҵ˴ѧǷˣɴѧͻܽ𣿡΢Թ
ӣңϰ⼸ʮ߹öࡣҲûߵһ㲻֪ǰЩܺһô
һ˰ȥøΣ
ʱΰûôã
ིԵֵ֮ڽ£ؼڽģСýߣ꽻Դ
ǾѵĻҲûôҪ˵
һֱȨ̺ܽϸȨҪܻ͸֣ɶܽӴõǾöԣֻܴף
ȨѾǵëͷСˣѾ˵ƲͬЩ˼
ΰȷвһĵط
뵽ȨźȻ˵ϰ֡
˵𣿡
ʹǣеˡ
ʲôΪˣʲôΪ£
Ҫʲôݺݵüͷ
һ˼ȨС󣬴ûйƵ뷨ӦҲʲô캦飺˵ʲô
ȨҧΪ˵ҵһҪǿҵĿΣһθߣˣҲһڸ
Ҫ߸𣿡

ࣺ
ǣУ
Ϸ
ϸ˵˵ɣʽ·̹Ȩ壬塣
رǲо֣үǺϲһоš

һСʱ
СϲЦտشԼ˳Ц棬ʮһµķе䣬Ȩԣƺͬ档
κãҲθߣ
һ߸ԼĴָһߴ򳵻ķ

ϣ̶һ˻ΧһӳԷҽϾҲ뵽Լļ
νһϴԲ
ϣ̶ŶϾ٩٩̸˵һЩҪעϸڡ
ʱ̶ͽӵһͨ绰̧һȻʾź
ҽԺԺ׳Ժͽźбעû
ûѡȺ绰롣
죡

죬ǿΡ
ǿǰΣ
̶Сʱһ
ʲô
ѵԼ붡̸ֵҽԺ֪ˣǴ绰ȰԼҪߣ
ôԥĹ˵绰Σ
ǹǶǰΣҲΣǴŲ̶Ϻ˴ǶƵˡ

ҪȰԼµĻǸô˵
ûԥ֮ǰļ绰Ϊ໥ҴܣԶ׷׹Ҷˡ
ֻɲɵǣƺȻ̶˵绰Ҵææ˵Σ֪𣿺ˣ
֪ˣոԺڴҵĵ绰߻ûüӡ
ʲô£̶һ˵ţһ˿̨ҰѲŸˡ
κϴŵƵ˷ϣҰֶ˳
˵Ѿˡ
˵꣬Ҳǽ͵ոԺҲǴҵĵ绰ΪҸģҴȥЩ£
̶ԣǲ˲ʲôϴţϴŵƵ˵㡣
ˮԡ˵üΪɬڵ绰˵飬ɱˡ
̶һ
ʲô⣿
ƾ˵Ҳ֪ʲôҲŸ绰ʵģҺκζ죬ôȥ
̶̹˵绰һ
Ϻ˻һ
TMĳƵعˣ
ֱδš
̶Ҵҵ߻ȥȻ˵ţе£ǳԼİ
ʲô԰
̶ܼ˵ͼææƿ˳ȥ
Ȼǣ̶ϵʱ򰡣һƵ㻹ǰǶƵΣֳԱ߻ҽԺԺԼزĹԱ
Щ˶Χ˹һƵΰ칫ң˲̶źһ̶ʵΣºйϵûУ
̶Ҳ֪˵ô£ë߹ϵйϵĻҲͽȥˣ
µô£
زĹԱһŮԣɫ˵ʱWBϵƵͻȻѣȻƵĳֻж̶ʮ룬Ǿκ˵Ŵ˸塣඼˴
Ѿһʱؽ˷ӦȻЧʺĪˡ
϶˿Ϊ֮
Ȼ˵Ϻ飬ΪһŮԵøģϾҽԺԱǵع֮ڰҽԺء
⻹Ϊѳÿ죬Ļ֪ʲô
ϷϵĴʣȻʵУ
źʲ̶̶£治֪飿
鷢źѾǰѹǿƵȥ˽ˣ죬Ϻ̶һĳͻȻͷ£Ȼѻɶ˲̶ϡ
̶ԺҶ췢ģҲ̶Ըɲµġôʲôô
̶ôһ˵ǿһûΣһǹǶƵΣ㻹ûô
ǾǻˣҲʱڲ˻ָԭְ
ȥĦ鰵˿϶Уֻŵһֳ˶
Ȼ˵ڰϺ˳ְϾֻǸ˵ǸҽԺĨ˺ڣҪô򵥵طŹǵûʲô飬϶ܡ
ǽְǿ϶ġ
̶תͷ˵ΣҪǶŲελÿĻȥˡǧʢһֱŵģҲֵĻϺܴȥ
ҸҪôҽһֱڼңŲŲȥЩƵ
ѵκǻ𣿡
̶޹TMˣ׼ְ˶һȥһ
˲̶͵ԺΣǶ취ġ鷢󣬴һ绰˵Ρ
ûȫ˵ף˾ͱˣҪΪעһ
ƵȻ֮ǰŹˣδؾģҲǼٵģPSģԩİ
͵ǣҴ绰ʹˣ˵ǱȽӵƵľٱǸģĻǴ˵ġ
ֻûüʱѡ
Ժã¸ôΪãκǣģ֮ǰ̶֮Ǿò̶ߡ
ź󣬾͵ɴ۾ô
ˣʱְͣ鿴
Ϻελȳˣ̶ݴĻӳٽһڣ
ôҲҪһ粨ȥ˵
飬ǿڲдɣùˣ
źһ¶
ҲֵȥһĿŵϰҽԺ֣ϺҲ˲ţ
źֵˣȻһ߳ȥһ߶Թز˽飬ҪעȻһ棬˵ҽԺԲ봦
ϳƵĻҲҪһʱ¼ܴ
õģԺزŮȻҲֲ֪󣬻ڰθֻ̨ǸǴĺɧǱⲻˡ

źߺƵ¾μ˲
ʣΣãʱ䣬ǲҪûĲ˸һ£Ѹ갡
˱ץˣſܱؼ죬ʱ˲һֱڲϲκδ
ôžôŰɡס˶ͷʮҲ͸ԽżŲ̶Ƴò̶ܲԾ
˵ͷȻԲ̶˵ϲ̣ҲǿҵĲˣһ¡Ϻôжǧʢڡ
鴦һ¶ǧʢ˵ĲˣˣͻŰɡ
ְţֶҫ裬ҫֻΣɣϴļʶˣһضٶЩʲô
ãΡˡ̶ԣͷȥ
̶صǶƵʱüͷȻţȻȴſʷܳɣȴû˼ܳˮԹϣֱ߽ΰ칫
ΰ칫ǧʢơ֣⼸λҵĹǸɶڡ
˵Ŀ⣬֮⣬ɨŲ̶һĪ
̶͵ǧʢĲˣʱҪʲô֮͸δ绰
̶û˵ֻ򣬻ǧʢҲǲ̶Ϻ
ǧʢ˵ͷȻʣҲʣõģΡ
Ҳ̶ǶǧʢǰĴϼȻΪһЩʸͶϺ߸̵֣࣬ǲܳȥġ
ΣԺ
̶ô˵ŵʱ򣬺Ȼĵ绰
أ̶졣
ڵ绰ǳ̵ż˵̶ǿҵˣСĵ㡣˷ˣ
Ϻܻ¸֤ݣϽ˼ί
̶ԣЩ㵵ʣ˭
ʱ֪ǼίǱߴ˵绰ҿǸ㽲˰ʱǧٳκβӣ˭˭
̶æ˼˴
콲Ļʵ̫ˡǰе̷ˣһЩ֤ݽ˼ίĻϺ겻ҲҪѲƤ
ǣôҵİ
Ժٻô
̶ʣΣǻܵǣô
ιҪˣ
ҽԺҲܵǣ
ڣܻᱻյֵе󡣡
ٱô飬鵽˵
Ǿ֪Ϻˣ׵塣һָ
̶æ˵Σǲ֪İûϵ
ɫһ䣬ҪйϵĻͲôõػվڿˡڴҸڲٱ˵˭
޷ңҲǸȥġ
ǣǻҪúõһ·Сζ˵ĻϺҲ̲ǰҽԺ˽ˡ
һҼúúϼƺϼ¡
ã̶
תͷ϶Ժ˵ΣһºİŰɣ߻е㼱¡
ȴΣӦŵİǴΡ
Щƺò̶λֶе㲻Ϻ֮ǰʲôԣȥӣǶǾԲ֮١
̶ɫһ䣬úȻ˼Щеûġ
ںԵһ󣬿Ƥ㶺Ҳôˡ
ʺܴҪˣź顣
ѾǸ˵ˡ̶˵꣬뿪ˡ
ԭӣڻ
Ӷ͹
Ϻꡢ˶ˣ
˿Ϊ֮ĻǾҪѰҽԺǿƴٲ߰㰡
Ҫ֪ǰΣĿǰǿƵĶ롣
ϺˣǽεѡŰҽԺǿƵһ˸ˡ
ΪӦûͬŪģͬвͬԺʲôìܡ
ԺڵˣҪҲһӴôȻԼٴС
ֻǵ˼ӵѪù
һӾôЩӣһôˣ
ò̶˵ƻյ˸һ͸ˣ°ҽԺˣǱˣ
ϾҽԺҽԺ֮һˡ

һ㿪ʼź¡
ǴϺ飬ҪԼϵĺ顣

ʮһ롣
ƴΰ칫߳ʱԥһ£߽ҽϢ
ΪֵҽҲڣƾͰܳɸС
ʦǳ𣿡ܳ˸һʡ
ֻҪϹӾͶܿó϶Ƿ˲õ飬Ļôܣ
֮ǰ˴ֲҪתʱҲûôˡ
ţƵɫࡣ
Ȼ˵һ˽ӽڲзϡ˵顣
ܳɾͶԺسԹ
Ƽޱ˵ΡΡζӦûȥ
ǹǿֻܹ飬һûһ룡
죬ǿƵĺλȥһƽε飡
Ȼ˵Ƶ¾λصһƽε飡
ǿңᱻңζȫңң֣٣ǧʢֱ飡Ϊθ𡣡
˻
ܳԣϵıһ󾫲˳
ȥǿһ
ǿƶǰΣݵ»عң
̶һ
ܳǺݺݵصһ
ʣΪʲô
ƵĿһɣƤӲص֪ΪʲôʵˣҪ֪ΪʲôTMͽȥң
ܳɶʳĵĵģ˵ĻǲҪһˣǸô죿

һδǲˡ
ҪˣǶƾͿˣѪȥġң֮󣬰ҽԺĹǿʵ½һأ
Ҳʱڵ㣬ٶ˹Ƕһġ
˵⣬ƾ˵Ŷˣһû˺üΣʱƸҽʦĿԹƲûԸ϶һЩ˽
ǹǿƵסԺҽʦоˡоǺת࣬ͨסԺƸȻٿܲԺУо
ܳԣһ
ĿǰϢԣʵǺ£һǴĺ¡
ֻǰɣ⣬ȫûԤϵġ
Ͼϵʱ򣬲̶Ÿ˵Ҫߡ
Ȼϵʱǿһûһ룬ʧǰߵʧɲǶм¼ֲܹġ
Ϊʧ
һ̾
ȥֵɣԽʱԽҪסԽҪСĽʱ򣬿кܶ˶ڿҽԺǧܳκβӣϸ
ãʦһһʱ绰ܳͷ
Ҫ֣ٵĵ绰
ȻҪ뿪ǶȥһǸеĹػǲҵġ
ƽ꣬һŶͷһ߳˿ҡ
ȻҲھˣ뿪׼ֱĿ꣬ˣôǶƿܾҪĵȥˡ
ֻһ̶ɳŲһҡ
ĿҰٷϴˡ
νƲߡ

ͬʱڰҽԺԶһⷿ
һŴڴǰؿŴ⣬˵
ˣҪƻķΧƻϵķΧġ
㵹ãķΧƻˣķΧҲҪƻˣ㶼ҪˣֶθŪ߰
ˣ˯ɣ컹Ҫ鷿ء
Ҳ֪ʲôӡ


һʮ ӽף
ѡʼЯģ⼼ܡ
ϣܳɾ˴ϣʼ˽յģ⡣
1.Ĥж2.ؽֹܼؽ
ܳɴģȻ֯صIIܣ֮ѡܣҪԭĤͼֹؽ֯жֹؽԺܵĻãΪҪ
ܴףܹбȽϺõƶܳɻ˹̻ĽѧܣʱشӰ˼ˡ
ʼģ⡣
ӵʵĹǿƽʻ൱ڵĵλΪԭ򣬲һ̶ϵĶԱı䶯Ϊãרעѧϰ
ԱԺܿ㱻ίΣ
ʱڵλܿԺ
Ǻܿ죬յ˶෽УĶ룬ͬʱͨ㱨ԺУоԣõоѧʸ񣡡
ϵĿǰڵλסԺҽʦ淶ѵ֤֮ȻȻȥ˾оϼҽʦΪźδ㡣
ڶڼ䣬ĵʦǳ㣬ԺֻѧϰĹУ㷢оʦµרҵоȤһ£
ĵʦ̸֮ʦͬҪɵ뷨ΪҪĿǰŵרҵ·;
ѧ֮ȹ̣뵼ʦۣоУһȤרҵߣδرջδܵõ̫档㷢֣ʦŶֻǣ
㲢δ㵼ʦֻѰĵ·һûĳͻ
Լֵҵɹõ˱ҵ֤ѧλ֤飬ܾ˵ʦһʿо룬ѡȥְ
ӵ˶ʿоѧһǹڶԺУоְĵ·ѣܿõ˶offerְʸ񣩣֮ǰľѡһҹģǺܴĵؼҽԺ
ΪΪ֮󣬺ܿͻʸ񣬲ңϼҽʦع֮ͨҲȰ㲽봴Ƶ;һСڿﱻԵ
⣬ܳɳ̾һ
ǵģ˿ģ׷ļ۷壬ɶѣ;
ˣҪȥۣȥƤ꣬ȥ񾭼תλ;νĽĤĤֲֲֲȵȵȵȣС
øͨ׵Ļǣֺã˶Բ˵Ĺܿ沢ô󡣶һǮܻӭһЩʽ֮һˡ
һȥеĹԭλϼҽʦ̽״ٴλص˵λΪѾӪ˲Сĵ̣Ϊ㼸Ŵλɵѡˡ
˲ӵС΢Ĺʣоżֲ뼡ֲ
𽥷֣ΪľЧҽЧ涼ߣȫ緶ΧڶӦĴҵߣ޷ȡͻƣȫԼ
ڻֲֲ뼡ֲͬ꣬㰭ڼѹɹ׽顣
µרҵ٣ѶȲߣ࣬Ķۺܵ͡룬ȿҴ󲿷˶һֹ
ӿʼȰ˵㲻Ϊ
ͬ꣬㷢㵱ǰڵλĳ֪ѧγ˽ѧˣڿңΪ˸֪ԺУоίء
ϼҽʦʼ˵㣬ϣܹûȥؽƣؽܹһΪ
ȵȣ
ܳɿʱĿһ͡
εģУֳ˱ˡ
ܳɰģִ·˺üΣȷһ£Լģתת˺üΣӰҽԺߡѧˮ̶оؼҽԺһ꣩ҽԺ
ԣǰҽԺ
ǣҽԺȴĳһΪĳ֪ѧоίأ
ϴѧԺУ
ϾϴѧҲ֪ԺУ
ģԣϴѧӦʡݵ֪ѧˡ
ܳɵüͷһ塪
ǲǿԵóһηıʰûпܾģ﷢ıԭأ
ģʵ໥ӳգ໥Ӱġ
֮ǰܳģʱҲֹһε˰ҽԺһӣûıʡ
Ȼ¿
Ծܾˣϼҽʦ˵ЩƲۣƲֵǮҪɵȥ˵ԼôڵнʣܹҺڡ
ʱӵļ˳ˣǺ˳ʱϸ̸󣬾֧뷨ҸСһһŵĹޣо
ǣһĵһСˡʮָˣĸĸӣԼӵļ˱ʾ˸л
ͬʱõ˼졢ֲͨһ꣬ʮ꣬Ƕʢ֮꣡
ܳüͷһ塣
԰
ôֵģ
ӵ˭
ѵǴ˵еǸٷܶŮڻ˰ҽԺ֮кʲô
ǣ
ܳɺֲ׽ʲôϸڡ
ģ̼һ飬ûԼʲôҲûȥȥӱ˺ʲôģôͣ
ѵԼٷܶˣԼʶ
š
an
ܳ˳Ʋȥ룬ʶŮӣǺܶడĻʿϵõľˡȻĹǿƵȺרƻʿˣҲˡ
ٽţʶŮӾȺһЩŮˣҪôͬ꣬ʦʦ㣬٣ƽʱġ
ȻƵһЩӣоǸƵʲôֶŮˡ
š
ѵ᣿
ܳɲ̫ȷΪòϸϸʶŮӻ治١
ȾͿųˣļˣǹƶҪġ
ܳɼȥ
ʱ䣬㿪ʼع鵽ٴΪ˾ͨļֲһ֮һĲˣ
˼п뼡ֲϤĽпѵ
ĳһ죬ȻĲʼ·ڣĳһ죬㷢еԭίԭƹĲˣԺ󾹿ٵظˣ
ܳɵһܡ
Ҿ֪ûûõҲûνɵơ
ʽȻеȼÿܵＫ£ԵȺҸǾꡣ⻹ֻǾͨ
ڻȻ򣬿ʼ˽һоںĹУ㷢ļڵǰķеơ
ܽӴеֻгҽеߡ
һϸо룬ܿͱˡͬ꣬㷢֣С飬ھӪһҹģСΪҵҽе˾ӵһо
ǣСкоеߵķǶʱ̡
ʮеĿһ׿ƺеٴԣΪ˳֡
ΪеİչԽ˳ͬʱѾƾಡ˵Ĳݣ˺üƪз£ҵڵӡ
֫֯ؽҽѧǱΪƵһרƣھǱ
Сڵҽе˾յ˹СĶݣ
ǣоʽ𣬿ʼпзڷߡеҲһس㵣οйʡ
ﵽнҽƹ˾нڵλн򲻵ʱѾҽʦ
ʮѾǻ֮꣬Ѿʡʽ˹׸֯ؽѧרƣΪһ뢡һѧƵͬʱһĽ˼뼡ֲ󡣡
뼡ר÷ߣ죩ѾзϣʽͶٴʹá
˼뼡ֲ
ˡʼꡣδȥйʵͷΣܾ˸нֻǹҸżȥָ
ʮ꣬ķ֣ڵġ˾ȻĵзҽѧƼ²ϡ
CCϲѧ֯ڵӦá
СѸߣȥЩ飬ֻΪźϣܹ²ϵĹ㷺Ӧá
ʮ޼գź
ģ
ģۣһϸҽҲһϸѧߣһļᶨߡͬҲһϸĿԱһҵгɣŮ˫ȫãԲƺеԲź
ѡһ
뼡ֲ綨弶
֯ؽѧרез顣
֯ؽѧר÷з顣
CCϲϵоչ
ܳɿ꣬۾ʱ͵ֱˡ
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲôֻѡһ
˵ĸÿһǺöһûνĸߵ֮֡
Լıʵезø󲿷ֵҽۺʵǿԹ㷺Ե
ͲϣǸǡ
ѡһ
ܳɺģ˵һ䣬TM֮ǰͳˣܲѡҪ
ģȻܳɵƤۣҪܳɴнѡ
ܳһգѡ˿ŽĵѧӦоչ
֪Ŀǰ࣬C
Ŀǰϣһ㶼ǶԽΪԭϣЩԭϣȻѾܵرųⷴӦķȻһ̶ȵ߷Ӧ¾ֲ֢
ֻǲɼѡ
ĸְȣҲĥͿʣЩǽҪ˵ȫ޺ǲܵģ
CĻ
ǻ治˵ˣȵһ㣬C϶޶ԡ
ʱû˵CԪسжģ屾CΪġ
ѡ֮󣬴֪ʶӿ뵽Ժܳɺǻһ򣬽֮󣬷ŷ֣ԭֻоչӦ÷о˼·
ԣǲǿˣ
ӶӵĽǶȿ϶ǿ˵ģá
ȥԶЧܰCCϲҹ㷺ӦٴĻôܹƵǰٴҽѧѧνרڻԼ·
ԼĲϣԼĸְ塣
ѧһ飬жľЧ棿
ܳɲ룬ֻҪ΢ôһ˼֪ǽ⣡
ܳڵĻǾ͸˲ˡ
óĻܻʵ䷴ҶԺʵʱʵ˲С
Ȼһ½ģ̡
ܳͻȻ֣췢ıʣһģḶ́ԽԽıˡ
ҽԺǺĸУνίϵǲϴѧ
Ǹ˭أ
ǸС˭أ
ϼҽʦЩ
ܳĲ²Ȼ˲²Ķ󣬵ȷ
εĲѧоչĻãһռƬˣȻãǶʱڣû취ӦõһҪӸƲС
ԺҪģӣпƣҪ˸ͷ˷ͻܱʲôûҪã
ͨЩܳɾͿ˵ڶεģ⡣
εģ˼·֮ǰһģһ
òƽֺ͵һγȫͬĽ
ܳȥ֮ǰܳɾͱһϼҽʦסˣֱӰȥһط顣
ɹȡоѧȻΪǲҵرԭȻ󰡣ܳɵϼҽʦ˵ֻܳȥ㼡ͼֲˡ
绰ƿڴ֮ǰʦǣǸʲôëʵ׷ʲôս
ʮ꣬ܳɵĳϼҽʦû߳Ӱܳɸˡ
Ǹϼҽʦʦֵ׼Һ󣬼˼ҵİײ֮Źϵ

Ǻõģܳɻõ˼ֲȼ
ֲֲȻĺֲֲĵȼͨãֻܶѡһܳɾһΡ
ǵģʱܳشģʽش·ӣõһIIIܵȼļܡ
ؽھ¼޲綨壩
ȻҲͬʱõ˼ֲ綨壩ܳҲòȥѡIIIˡ
ģôֱˡ
ȻֲؽȻͬ־Ŭ˽һСʱڵһźһյģᣬܳʱûʹá
˯˹ȥ

ա
ܳɺˣ֣˯ڿˣȻûܹˡ
òƿС鶼ŵϢԾһضǰ˰칫ܳȥʱ칫һˡ
Ҫ֪ܳʱ򣬲룬ȥܸԸ緹Ȼϴһġ
ֻƻʱǳˡ
Ϊܳڰ칫˼ԼСԼһȺ¼ҽ⣬˴ˡ
Ϻͺ
ǾȻˡ
ңϺͺ֮⣬ǶƵΣƵ¾ΣҲǵһε˿ܳɵһμƵ¾칫ҡ
Ƶ¾ţԱվŵϺȻԱվŵǶǧʢΧһš
̶ҲվţԱվŵơֳһȦ
֣վһȦӡ
̨ܹԣˣصꡣֵҽվţһڡԡĻٵдŽಡϵ̧ͷ²˺ˡ
ٷɿ죬ּɷ衣
ܳɿ˶౧һţţƺû뵽ԷȻôվȥ˲̶Աߣش֣ȥˡ
Ҳ֪εգ׳˶á
Ƶ¾ٲźȻվ˵̶Ϻһȥΰ칫Ұɡ
˵꣬Ƶ¾׵ȥ
΢֣һŷµۣףŻûȫεɽȻŵǰ״ӣһֵֹ˷緶
ߵſڣƵ¾ֶơǧʢָָ֣Ҳһɡ
Ƽϡ
ϼҽʦǶƵ¾һһߣ˶һ·ѹĿϵɽ˿Ҳ·ͷϵĽ˸ȡˡ
˼ظһɫһ粻ﵽ׷ʲô
ֻһˣҲǴӣȨ˿˼
İޣŸߡ

ʱת
źʹС桮о֡ʱ
С˵ϰ֣ôǲе㲻̫
ŽʲôǺķǲ̱
ʵڽͿ̱ʱ򣬾Ѿڽˡһʣͽл򡣡
Ҫ˼άȥ˼㵽ֻΪΪ˲Ǳߡ
ǲһġֻǵֻΪĻǾĲˡÿ˶ÿ˵ǰ̣κǰ̣ҲΪǰ̡
ΪԼ˽ġʱô֤õ̫ˣǿ̱ˣǾͲˡ
㵥ֻΪǿѡȥҪ׷ǰ̾ȥ׷ǰ̡ȥķյĻͽкҲиպù򡣡
ֻǣһôµôգǼΪнġ
˵⣬촽
Ȩĸ״ӳһ䣺ʲô
ջСʱʱջ𡣡صһЦ
һЦŹˡ
˵յ̫СͲ򣬴ﲻҪЧ졣ʱȥƶԴĻ֡ҪȣҴһʼͻˣջ˲;ȥתƻơ
ֻһ㣬Ҫ΢ȫһ㡣
ҲҪעƵĴСյ̫׽ըԼǽٴɲµĻѷӶܵˡ
ҪպһȣǾҵĶþԵҪĹܹõϣҪ˵𹤾ߵĸ
Ļƣſշ磬ƿ֮С
õջ𹤣ȥƿصĲˣĲֲ죬ĻҪ΢һ㣬սԼúĥɡ


ŲŸȨ˽⿪Ի
ĵ϶Ϻˣ˳һģòԲ˻ɡǲ˸ԾʹǵĸسͻƵ㣬˱档
ȻһѸĻ𣬲ܹ˵ʱѻͿԺܿΧˣ£ʱ˾Ͳһǡ
üʱڿƿصķΧʱ
϶һоɱӺЧȡ
Ҫôһȥ¹İ

ϺĶϷֻǱعˣ˲أҲǽЩ飬޷ʲôֻǻᱻǰѸϽȥ
ϾǲƵᷴӦ
Ҫʱ֮󰡣ǲܵģѺУᱻų
νġ¸һ仰úãڣǸͻƣҲʹģʵٱ϶ܡ
ֻǼǧǮĶñȥ飬鵽Ҳ㣬˵ʵܸɶ
һؼë㹻˵ġ
İѴǷع˳δԸϣǮҲⷽĺߡ

Ƶ¾ٰ˴֮󣬾ûٳˡ
һֱ˽ӽʱ
һȺ˲½ǰӿ롣
ȻǹϺ̶ͺͷƵ˸
ͬǣϺڽ˽Һʿ̫hԱߵλÿһ֮ĬĬ֮ǰ̶λãҲǰλõֱߵһӡ
ȻǺԼλá
ٽţ̶һϺרλ
ƵǸλ
΢ͬʱܳԾ죬ܳɺܿͷ֣ϾĻòһ£ȭͷǺ
ͬʱܳɻ֣վھԼԶɳ˶ɫҲǾ䣬Щ԰
صɫҲ΢䡣
˵ɫǴ㵡
Ȼܳɻϸĵط֣ԼԱߵȨƺޱƵġϸؿ˿ϵķɫ
ˣˣɫû
ֵĻʿ꾡ࡣ
󣬻ʿ̫h˵ģ˿̸ҶƱư䡣
ֻȻؿϺ
̶ҲȿϺ䶯ţû˵
Ϻɫ任һҲƺܿܡĽվ˵Ϊ˵һЩԭԼԺ쵼ܰţԺǿҵĲһְɲδ
ǴԺ󰡣ҪϲεĹ
ȥ֮ǰһ㶼ǻһ򵥵Ľʽģֻǽû˿׼̫ͻأԣϺҲû˵ʲô
һӭָϺȴͷɫֿþκεĲԾ֮
ҲǸ˾ˡ
̾ŹǻʿҽǣٽŲǳ̫hʿڶûнӵƵϢ
ȻϺô˵ˣôʹѾ䶨
ο϶Ժˡ
ϺȻھϲȥûʸڿսε˵̶ְֻλˡ
ҹһ󣬲̶̧˵ʵҲʱһУذԱԼ⣬ʱ䣡
ҶҪϸذ֮ǰִУȻÿСأɸСĴ鳤乤ҲĲ֡
Ҫǿһǡ
ֵʱһҪֵıֹ㱨ʱ㱨
Ҳؽλλֵ࣬Ҳƺܳɣ⣬׼ģҲһҪʱظֵѯ㱨
ǧ򲻿çײ¡
֮⣬ǿһǣ⣬ϣƷϸ»бҪǿÿ¾һβۡһŽ
ûʲôˣò鷿Ĳ鷿ľȥɡ̶̵ؽһȦ֮󣬾ͽ˽ࡣ
̶˵꣬վȥ
¼ҽȻǸƨɺ档
ϺҲվҲȥɳ˶ȴǵһʱ͸ȥƺǹĵ׷ʲôӣϺǱտڲԣѵɳ˶ɳ˶ʵˡ
˶뿪֮󣬻ʿҲڳ̫hĴ뿪˽ҡ
Ҿֻʣ˲̶ơܳɵˡ
ţֻˣ߮û
̶˿Ƽһ󣬿ڵأ߮Ϊԭ򰡣Ѿǰѧϰọ́ȥˡԺ󰡣ֻǼˡ
һҪһ㣬ƣϸ»һЩǧҪʱ˴ΣͿʼ⡣
Ȳ鷿ɣ귿˵¡̶ҲǳεıԶʱ֪˵ЩʲôϾǺ׼
˲̶ĻȨֻЦЦﰵ߮Ǿʦı߽Ǳ޹յˣֱӲ˰ɡ
ҲûôⰡ
귿󣬲̶ͼ̨ģΪֵ򺣱챾ա
뵽컹ֻһ̨ˡ
öϾȨһҪͺãǰ׼úǰƺܳȥ˰칫ҡ
Ȼ̶׼ȥܳ˵СܣϾȨȴǾ÷ǳˬΪǷְǺסҲãϺס¼ҲãǶʼɫ
֮ǰϺεʱɳ˶ˣȨϾЩмģغͶҲ˾á
һ֣һ˵õȮļơ
ϾǴһӵ˵ڿ԰Ϻʲôģܾ
̶˲ΣԺ͸һȻñƿܻѣ϶ͲˡȻҪһˡ
ҾÿСȨǳдڸС
ɳ˶ˣƺԼ󣬾ʹҴ뿪˿ɫż֪ЩʲôҪȥʲô

ΰ칫
̶ƣֿ˿ܳɣС۾Ŀĵת˼Ȧ֮󣬲ſڵ飬ҿһʱģҺҽԺУҵǲôþܾˡ
ƣϣ˵ĻҲˡҶԹǿƶиġ
ԣͲʲô뿪ȥˡúðĻѾ㹻ʱһܺõǰ̵ġ
̶ǳ֣صضܳɺ֤
֮ǰԼҪˣԸûõ׸ôȥܳɺƣֻǻһõѡ񡣿ڣֱܹӸƺܳ·
ǣǰᣬǻܳɺƻǰϡ
̶ΪԼҪߣܳɷпܻߣҲиõȥ·
̶ܳɺƶ˵һѱһ˵Ȼ뱼ǰ̶ȥĻҲǣһ֧ǡ
ҽԺƽ̨̫СˣҰҲ̫խˣһ쵽Ÿָרҵ޹ص飬ʵǵķչ
أϾʶһϣܹǽһԵڸԱǰȥ֮ҿԺǩһЭ飬ҿҽԺһѺѧѡ
ˣԺҵȥڵλĽ޷ӦǾףô
̶⻰һ˵ܳɺ˵һһ΢Ĺâ˸


һʮ ˼޳
ܳ໥һۣǴӶԷпɻ
̶˵⻰ʵΪʱЩ
һǴΣȻΪһλ嶤飬ϾϺ궼סˡ
ѾݣԷƸ飬ɵٴѧ񣬲ְܵ
ǹǿƵĴΣ浹ˡ
ƫֻͣҪ̶ߺʹӣô̶ǰ;һƬ̹;
ֻδ䶨ǰЩδе㻭˼
οܳɺⶼĵģ
ܳȥУȥ˲ҪܹӰķҲҪܳһʱ䣬Ǹʱϲ̻ڲλûݣ˵
̶ҪȨı˽仰˵ǣֱӸǮ򷢳ȥŮһױǲ̶˽Ʒ
Ȼֻȣǲһġ
Ʋδش⣬ǵΣ˵ܻߵôôָıأ
ߣڶ绰ʱ򣬶־Ͱʾ̶ҲҲ취ܳҲŪ
̶ȥϴѧҽԺƾǿԵģиɶȣԲ̶ķչá
ܳɶԣƾ߲Ǹȥܳɸ߳ȥ۽磬緱ȵѧ֮ٹֱӹȥҪá
̶ûҪȥҲͼװ֪
̶һ̾ͶҲе
е㺦
û취죬ŰСֻԷһͨ£˵˼ҲҪˣʲô㰡ҳŻλϣҪǺúðŰš
ڲ־£߿࣬ڹŴǾ֪˵Գ
ת죬MDˣ
Ȼְǲ̶Ψһԭ
̶װһԭأҸո˵ˣǶδһ𴳳ģº󡣡
λһʱܹ֧棬ƨɣϻ̸˵ҪŽһģúõΪҷչЭ
ڷƮҡڣˣҾͰȲˣпܾͿⲻԸġ
˵⣬̶ֵվţ˵
ܳɺŶ˸£Ȼ׵Ų̶ĺ󻰡
ڶɾǣȻȥԺĶôҲ֪ޣˮƽһ㣬ȥҲֻһϵĺãˮƽҪѧĶкܶࡣ
ҽѧһУҽҽ磬ҽ֮ģȻҪȻĹ򡣡
ģ֣׬˵ǮմѪۣһֿ࣡
ĲǾˮ£ո̸е£ȴûõʲôһڰ׻һǮһķֽʹɻ
ֲʡǮľȫǺõģ
˵⣬̶ͻȻС۾˸˼£ܽԵ˵һ仰
޼֮Ҷڸ߸̻𣬼ǵи߹죬Ҳ⺦˹ʲմŭɱ˹ʲ
мģҽ̶ʾָָָ᲻صô棬ɫȻȴ֮
ע⣺λǧҪ仰ȥడڵĹȺܺá
̶֪ź뷨ձĻ˶еĸп
ڻǴǰٲֵļˣӹ񣬾û˺Ϳ
Ȼ򣬲ҪĽɽ
Ҫµʱ򣬾Բȱηˣʲôʱ
ѾԶѪʱЩ˵çȥɣܹɺãͺñҽĿƼҵǽƾһǻѪܹɾ͵
ôãЩŻھһʱǰ˺εأ
ٱҽѧľͿԾȻȺ˵ĻЩΪⲻɥ̨Ļߣ˺εأ
ԹŴһ˵м֮ܣ֮ġ
Ƶ촽˺üȻ˵Σô˵ʵе̫ǫˡˮƽʵѾǵ˺ܸߵĸ߶ˡ
̶̧ƤȻ̧ͷƣΣ˿ǿԣڣȥѧ
̶˶ϾԼ̵ְֽġ
ٿ˿ܳɣԼ̵ְֽġ
ٿƣγİͽ
ˣҾûǲҪӵ˰ɡ̶ǰļѧ
ǽкüһﰡˣڶҽţûõִҵҽʦʸ֤飬ǳһضϲ̵ıû˼˵
ȻϾĵڶоǰһĿǰڵؼҽԺ֤ģĸƣĹࡣ
ƺĿɫһ˵ΣҾðɣҲôƬ档
˵Ͼεѧɳ˶
ѧϣѧоҲǲµģרҵʵʵҲȦɵˣⶼǲй
˵ֿ꣬˿ܳɣ˵СҲǲѧҵĴҲǸŲѧģ˵жĳɣҲܹ˵ûеˡ
˵˲ĽѧģʽͷʵǺܺõġ
÷ķϸץģϸץ
̶ƵĻһˡ
˵Ȩôأ
Ƥһ˵н࣬ʦţڸ˶и˵ԵʦҾǿԿǿȥԺ顣
ƽ̨ߣһиõҼӿźͿɿͬУνˮǴߣ￪չ˳ȣҲ߱Ȳ˵ġ
ƻҪߥ޲̶óȥͳȥΪѾҪߵľˡ
־ǲҸĵġ
ĺģƵϰԣѾ˺ô
ʵֶһ飬ǶԵģǾȥħҲǽʡƶ֮أѩ̿
ȻиҪѩ̿ĵطﲢƵѡ֮ء
ѸѧȥΪʵġǾ仰ܴ򼸸ӣ
̶ⷬƵ˼ˣ㿪ڻصҵ˵ɣܳɵ뷨ǽҪ۵ġ㲻Ҫ
ҷԽԽײһˡ̶ָƣָϵš
ʲôһݣб飬صΣʱȥ
˵Ǿ仰ʱȥȥҲȥƻȥٿġ
߮ƶȥôߵĵطٲȥסˡ
꣬˶ԼͬذĿƵܳɵϡ
̶˳ƽ˹ȥǻˮԼز̶Ļˣܳ汳ġ
ܳȴɫһʵʦʦʵûرҽԺоĸѧУо
̶üͷһʲôѵ㻹ҪȥҽԺоô
Ϊ˴ܳɵͷصʡҽҩѧֱҽԺ
ֱ
ʡҽҩѧȻҲǰһǺϴѧȣͲʮΣûñȣ˵ȥħˣܳȥʡҽҩѧоһӦ
αأ
ҰȥħʦԺʿŶӣô
ܳ촽ʣѵͲˣޡѧϰ߶ʲôô
㿴
ܳɵ˼·ƺ볣˶еô̫
һ
̶һ˫Ƥ͵˸ܳɵĿ⣬Ǵ㵣΢е㽩Ӳ
ʲôԻ·
˭Ҫ޵ĻѡɳаҽԺԸѡؼҽԺδػѡҽԺ
ڶʲôģ͸Ӳ˵ˣƽ̨̫͡
תͷܳɣ΢ʣʲô˼·
ܳɾ˵ʦҾû

֮ưܳɴΰ칫Ҿ˳ʣ˲̶һˣԼİ칫棬ɫЩҰף
СΣ̶ſٵգС۾Ƥϲϡ
ظ૵ˡ
˵ʵҽѧϸֳ֢֢
ִ֢ҽѧеľִ֢֢ҽѧеߵķԭҲһȻʡһǷ˵˼
϶δ˵Ļ̶СţӾԼ񾭲
棬һԿ߮磬ֺܳö˶˵ر࣡
ѵνţһԻ·᲻Լͬе
ʲôѵҽԺͲʡҽѧô
ʲôǲΣÿ԰ѹǿƵҵչʲôԺ϶ԳΪΣôǷչʱ
ʲôȥطţηηβģڰҽԺ˷𡭡
ʲô˭˵ξͲǲ̽ǲԺʿġ
SMë
̶ֱưܳɸѺ˳ȥúù£˵Щ߰Ļ

ܳɱƾȥûаܳɴ칫ȥֱӾ˵ͣ
Ƶĳԣܳϳ
ܳЩΪѵ˵ʦҿ϶˵˺ðɣǱȥ˰ɣֵ࣬Ȼܡ
ܳˣûʲôˣֻ˵ԼѾеʵˣҲе㻰Ȩˣ԰Լ뷨ͺͼ迪û˵䣬ֱӱ̶ΧDISSˡ
ʵ飬ܳԼ˼˺ܾõģģ˺ܾõġ
ΪҪĶȫ緶ΧڣһƬհ׻ػĽ׶Ρ
ȱֲ΢ơͼֲ
ȥҼеŶӰ
ܳĽй˼ǵģ𿴴͵ĽѧҽԺŶʽۺ˲Ŵ㡣
ԽǴ͵ĽѧҽԺʽԽۺ˲Խ࣬ǱߵרƻԽϸԽٵֳһ
˳ԷԵĺúõģúúõġ
ƾɶҪһûֹרƣ
ܹܱ˵ĳԷ⣿
ˣֺ
˲֪ҪܳȥЩñˣȥŪ
ƵʦԺʿŶӣٴأȻôһ飬ɣֳܷˣ
İҽԺĽ׶Σã̶ֵελϣ԰ſ¡
رõһƽ̨ܳҪľƽ̨ƽ̨֮һĻףͿԿʼٴˣٴĿгɾͣͿԳȥѲˡ
˿Բţɣš
֮ܳ´Լƽ̨һܳɲۺƽ̨ۣȻźȥ顣
ܳҲˣ۽飬۽ͨģǲɿģģľֻ
ǣ۽粢һҪȥѧķʽѧϰʽѧϰô
ѧ
ѧô
ѧ
ȥѧֱ㲻㣿
ȥ㲻㣿
ȥ㲻㣿
Լһɽͷ֮վɽϸķ㲻۽磿
ܳģ˶ٴΣ˶ٵģ˼·֪еףʲôʱʲôġ
ⲢͻأҲµһ֡
£Űٷ֮ٵĹȣǳ˴Լ֮⣬ѧȡָʱͺñڣܳĵһʱǳĻᣡ
ȻʱƺͲ̶ţǿȥıģüһʱ
߼ȻѾӵôõԴƽ̨òãѰԶˣ
Ȼܳɻð뷨Ǳ̶һ仰ġ
м֮ģҽ֮ܣ
ôһ仰ǡ
м֮ţ֮ãΪεУ
ʱ˲ʱ˵⡣
ʱˡ
굱ʱ
ҪԼȥѡǻһ֡
ȴѾ˳һſ˳ȥ
һ·ֱڸסС¥£Ȼܳ³˵¥ġ
ܳҲΣֻܽ⿪˰ȫʵʵظƵ
Ƶķ䣬ͷ֣ƵķǳªһдӼ򡣵ɾࡣ
Ψ鷿Ϊɿһһ̨ʼǱԲδиǣ˿ĻھϢ
ƶûܳɴˮʲôģֱɳº󣬾ʾܳ£Ȼŵܳɣ֪ո˵Ļʲôо𣿡
ܳɵͷС°ɣ
·ϣܳٴλع̶ǵĶԻվƺͲ̶ĽǶȣȷе⡣
㻹֪Цһ¡
ѧѧԺôҽܶһ飬ԵĻ㽲ˣ㲻𣿡
֪вŻҲ츳츳Ǻܶģ츳úͿϣԶҪС˹⡣
֮ǿҲǿĵģⲻǳ⡣ʵ
ҲǳˣһһĳɾͣҲ˵Ļ
˵ʱֵһ뷨Ҳıϵġ
ڲελú󰡣ڰҽԺƽ̨ȥΪߴչǷǳġΪ˿϶ĿΣԷ֡
ܳﰵ룬ʦǲҰɡ
˵԰Ҳ㣬ֻҪúõָһ㡣˵ĻԵռĿ꣬һȽԶĿꡣ
ҽѧ飬ֲֹйǿƣиĿңҪͷչҲˣۡ
һѧƾǿҲû취ǿס
ҵ˼ɣ
ܳɵͷȻ⡣
ǿҪҪҵʵҲǿ
ЩҽԺЩʦܲʲôұ֤ǫ̃ڰҽԺĪ˵ˣǷףʦҲҹΰ
ʲôιİѪС֢ѪѲЩǸǱ֮ġ
ܳɾ͵ʦҾðɣƵķչؼĻҪŶӵϣŶӾŶӺŶӡ
ҾʵͺñʦѾ̨ؽûǵ˵ͣǹˮ
ˮʮοĪ˵ʮСʱ´ˣСʱ´ʵҲûġֻЩ֪δ֪
˲֪Ҳʦ԰ɣ
콻ʱע⵽ˣ˵ҽԺҪô޵ʱʵʧģʵģǸӼһЩġ𣿡
ܳغƶߡ
üͷһ壬⻰Ȼû˵ȷʵ
һֱͼְֻҲ֪Լڵĵλ޷֧Լﵽôޡ
ʱԼĸסȥߺת󣬾ɱħȥġ
Ϊ֮ǰʦѾ̺˺·ֻͻȻɱ˸֣ͬħһģȻϵɱħ뷨
ħһˣҪȥġ
Ϊ水նν˲ŵĻֻϴѧҽԺ
ֻ֪һҽԺԳΪҽԺķֱҽԺ
ֱҽԺĻҲԳΪί൥λҲ˵һҽԺ϶УоȻ˵оѧһ
һŶӽ̳ġ
飬ĳϴѧ
ǣȴãǰҽԺһ·
ΪǾľѧѧҲⶥԺУо

ǰҽԺƽ̨ӵеһʽĺô
ЩҪȥȡˡ
ѣҲرѣ
ֲŮģô۲Ҹûط˷ۡ
ܳɾЦЦ˵ʦҡϾȨֻվͲʦѵҪŵСȥô
˸Ц֮ܳɲ΢ʽ˵ʦҾʦڶܵѧƣҵ飬Ҳ˵Щġ
ʦҲʦͬ£ҲϼҲǾˣҲٻЩ飬Ҳô˵
Ȼô˵ֻǴĿǰ뷨յ׻ôߣҲûԤϵõ
߹ʦǾȷ·û߹ȥһ࿼һЩûǹ顣ѾˣܳԾͰ鵱ɻˡ
оûյʵ
˵ôûԤϵõͺñܳģĴǧΣûһģ̶ᵱε顣
ʵ飬ôĹɿУһСϸڵĸı䣬ܹıʷҲһ
ҪԶʵȥ⣬ģ⸱Եһο򣬲ȫš
ֻǹߣڿھڷ֣Ĺߣܳɵһ
ܳѾһˣ˵Ķ˵ˣȡˣûȡ
ô¸¾͸ȥУͶ顣
ȡû취ֲܳƺͲ̶ôֻҳ·
ٰ棬Ľڵ㣬ǲ̶ƾ˼ģģһŶȣǸȥŬˡ
ܳɾͻоܶȥˣ
ֱӼٽŲ̶Ƶͷȥѧˡ
опһѧ˼
ȻΪܶεģУϰ趼
̶ƶⲻңܳϸغڰҽԺĺô
һȶϰġ
ڶȶ֮Ҷ϶û϶ҲбϵģϾֲǸ㲻ҵ顣ø㲻ҵʱһĻǰ¡
Ȱѧƴˣعʿᵽ֡
ѧ˼ά̫Ӳأ޹ؽҪܳɻеǷȥչ
ȶɼҵǶԸĸļͥĽ
ȶǶԼСͥĽ
ѧãǶԼͲŻĽ
ѧƣ϶ҪˣһԹȺڣ϶ԼСǣǶѣĽˡȻǲԸҲ޿ɺǣ˸־
֮ѣ˵ʲô͵ðңʱܲһѣѣ
üͷݺһ塣
Ȼ˿ܳɣܳɵʵڰ̫ǳˣҺͲζ˼õĽ취ʵǸŴɷӡ
ǣ̫ǳ̫ǳˡû취ڡ
Ȼ˲ΣҲһá
˵еĿԡ
ﰵ⣬ܳһǵ͵أԼܳɵǲ͵ˣȴˡöס
ܳɾæʦҲһҪҵ尡ҲаֻҪõķڷչʵһġ
ҪģҲȥִ⣬ȱ⣬ȻҪǰڵоݣҪʦİæˡ
ܳеƤš
κѧƵķչǴոµĿ⿪ʼģȻܳɻܶ༼ܣȥѿģ⸱ûȻܳҲ֪ȥƷвѧףͳѧռϡ
Ҫѧ⼸ѧưǻѵʱ߿ɲֹһˣܵһĹ
õĿ⣬ʮĥһ
ĥ֮ˮˣѾо϶ⷽǷǳϤģҲֻȺƤȥԸԸæˡ
Բ̶γ棬οܣܳɸӣҪӦòѡ
õ֮󣬾Ϳȥרˣ
Ƴ˺ܾãջǻص˵ͷ˵ҪڵĻһذɡǰûȥԾûٴ⡣
ԼҲԼٴ⣬ܸʱ䲻رŶҪĻҪץʱˡ
·ݣǱȥޣʮһѮˡ
¸¾оѧԣ֮һµоԡѡ˸һ·ĻоҪˡˣ
ҵʱѡԡܳѾľϡ
ѧ϶Ҫãǣٴ⣬ȴǶķչΪġ
˫գȻȫ޷ȫʱȻҪȡš
⡪Ŀƽ̨
һҪĶȥŶӣӿˮɺͿţңܳҲ˽ˣҪȥоˣ뵼ʦͬ
㵼ʦֻܾҵѡ

ܳɺƻһЩϸԵʱ
ƺȻӵ˵绰
Ƶĵ绰ЯģֵࣺΡ
ƣϻһ¡
Сܺһڣһ
ڣ绰̶ż
Сڣʲô£𣿡̶ʡ
š
м
绰Ǿһף
⻰⽩Ӳ

ܳɺƸϵʱ򣬾Ϳɷǩ֣
ֻĸûϾҪչԼĶӣչԪˣϾǰԱ
ǩ֣ΣϣһҪҸ׸
ˣ˫֣ɫӡ
ȻҲûʣĻ˵ȥ
̶ʰø̸ļ˵𼱣ܾģһ
㸸׵ƲᣬǹǿƵ֮⣬ҪʵΪҽƴҵԱҲҪǵѴ
̶ָָͷ
ͷȻڱȭƳ˸ҵܳɺƣæһתˡ
ƺûȥܳɡ
ܳɵģһŵġ
ȴֲò
Ȼ󣬲̶ʹҴҴŸƺܳɶֱҡ
ֱ¥һĸҺ󣬲ʵԪô£Ǳץ𣿡
̶صشһǱץˣȥ֮˵ϲżˡѡ
Ȼÿܵ˲ڣкʮӣ
̫࣬˹ⱨġ̶˵꣬·
Ƥһ
Բۡ
ĲﱻʮӲűֵĻⲻǹƵĶܰ
һĵطܻô©
ҲﰡϾһξءƲ⣬յԪĲᱻֱŶԡ
̶ϴַĶһ٣֮ǰһӵ˵ĵ绰
˵ǹȥˣûûϵ
˵⻰ûԱݣҲû׷ʡ̶û˿ı仯
ƺܳɶʱһüһTM˭ôӴ

ɫ⣿ǣ
̶С۾һУƶ˵﷨
ԪȻǿ񼫣ǿɺޣǲǲߡ
Ϊ
ȵùȲҲûϵ
ϾҲȷڵһõĵزһʲôأ
ңϾǿĳԱ
ܳһߴ·һʣǴְ𣿡
û꣬ͻǡ
˻ǰͬ£ûʲô£黹Ҫİ
ǷһҰ̶ҲüͷҲǾԪôһýˣֱһ
ˣؾҪȥҡ

˲ŵһ룬̶ĵ绰ͬһٴ
̶һСһ߽ͨ
һ̶Ĳͣã֪ˣϹ
Ų̶ֻֽ
ƺܳɿ̶ͻȻפ֮ҲͣΣΪǲ֪ļ䡣ֻҪŲ̶ͺã̶ˡ
ڴ绰Ҳ;š
̶˵ȥ18䣬ʱֵ绰ͨ
˸ﲡˣģ
ȥƿҪǹæ
ƺܳɵɫһ䣡
һԪģһ
浽˶ѡһʱ̡
̶ȻҪôѡ
ʱTM˼޳


һʮ ֻĲ˲Ĳˣ
ܳɵڷʱȴȻһס
ܳɵıڴͣ㿪ʣɫأܳɣȻԪĵʱͻȻҪתȥ䣬ô
ܳɻתͷƤ˸
ϵػصεİš
죬ڵס뿪֮ԪأȻתȥ䣬Ҳûܻأ
ֶһν̱
ܳſߵĻȥ֪ˡ
ոպúõػһƵĵһ⣬ƸһǰԪĵ
̶ϼǴΣû
ҽѧǱݵĻ̶ϼ̨£
̨λܳɾ䣬һʱףֻҪڹɱˣĪ˵ǲ̶ԺίԱ쵼רҽڣ̨ʥԶܳɶϵȨ
ȫԲ
̨£¼ϼûę֮̈䣬ǿɿƾģܳɡ
ƼܳûػҲΪܳɣ˵ɳ̫죬ľж̣ǼˮƽѾ㹻ʹﵽˣľ顢ۻʵܱ
˵ѡǾͲȥˡ
Ƶ㵽ֹ
Ҫһҽľ񣬵ȷǳѣĥһͨһ
Ƶʦγѡ
һи31ܣ󵽼
һ쵼ˣ
󵽣ǰػ
ѡжԴֵ֮ĿʱʵǷǳҸ顣
һξγԵԺʿ
ûסӭһСһ
ȥԪĵľ绰ϾȨϸңʮ֮ڣҪˣƷԸһȥ
֮ǰ̶ֻǵԪһˣôǿƷˣʹ´ࡣ

޷Ϊķ룬ôͲܽ⡣
ܳɸϽ绰˵˼󣬵ſʱ˵ĵ绰ˡ
սȥܳɾͷ֣ƵˣѾͣڸԪġͷ׼­
ĺܱͷεͷƤˡ
㣡ٿ㣡
ӲĤѪף
׼е
ûУߵȲˡ

Ƶһп಻ڴѪѹȲסҲҩ
ܲˡƵлϵͷ˲ˡ
ӲĤѪףԽ翪ѹԽò˵֢״ת
ų­ڳѪ
ƵҲڽＷſƬӣѰؿҵˡ
еܵѲػʿȻԼǰе⣬һȻѪҺ
Ѫ
ܳǫ̃ԣϾͿѲػʿڵĻϱ۷һ򵥰ɴʪ͸дѪҺʪ̨ķˮ̵
ŨѪҺ˳ŷˮ̵ϵȥ
ͬʱԪĵ֡˫֫вһĿԿӡ
ܳƶԪľԲǼ򵥵رˣǱˣ
һܳɶƺʦϱۻлԵسѪǶ˿ӡ
һߺţܳһֿٵذϱ۵ŶλãĴָ뵽Ƥ£סѪܵĹǻ
ϱۻԳ֣ȰŶס˵
ܳɵĻٴδҴɨһۣȻ˹ܳɴŰסŶκʣ̧ܰסô
˵̨ʱѹֹѪ̨ΪһߵĹ̶࣬ѹֹѪҲСһ㡣
ҪɴÿĻð
㣬ֻܼӴȡ
ԡʦ
޾ףƻͷ϶Ѳغ
ѲػʿڸƵ˰æֻԼȥһ˫ף𿪾ͿٵشϣȻ˲̫࣬еʿҪһѼ⵶ƬͿʼпɴ
õȥɴԲĲ̣пܻỮ˵ߵƤΪ˽ʡʱ䣬ķʽˡ
ֻưɴп֮̾Ϳ˿Ե˿棬һѪ
ճ࣡
ůͬĳδǰĶԣմƣ
ΪܳסŶĽĶˣѪҺʱδٵӣСѭѪҺ
ٿһףƶ˺
Ѳػʿ߲ż̨ڰæһӣ˿ƵĴȣί̧ͷᶼ˳
ٿһףƼ
һʵϰҽƿһ˫ס
˫Ѫܵģ˺֮󣬴˵ڶףѪҺڼв֮УȻǳɴذп֮У
ֱѪ
ⷭƣҲѪ׻ᱻεأҰ֮˫ۺ˫طңղϱ۵ڲ࣬ҵһѪܰǻ
ŶֱС˿ðѪҺȴǺ֤ܶ࣬ܳɵİѹֹѪʮ־׼
˿ߣֺ
˿߻ûϴֻʿ˵
Ǿø߰Ƽû׷֪ڵȣҶæֻ̫١
ûߣ
ƿˣ
ã߽һĸݵĻʿϴֻʿϽæʱֹסƵıߡ
ʼæߡ
õ˷ߣСĵ֮󣬲˵ˮͰ߹
ˮϴ˿ڵҺ壬Ҫ뵽Ͱȥ
Ͱ߻ҪȻѪ׾ҪˡƵлҪͰϾܾˡ
ǾøȾȾˡƾֻ취
˿ִԲǽĹؼ
εεεεεΣ
ҽǱͬʱ𣺡ѪѹͻȻͽˣǿܻҪѻԵʧѪϽֹס
ѲػʿѾûˡ
ԣѻߵһš
ȻԼ׼ѵԶԶӵͰıԵϣͶ׼
û⣬Ƕܳ˵ֹѪ
ܳҲɿ˰ѹֹѪ֣ȻܣһϴֵĭȻ˸޾ף״֮
ֲܵԪĵұϣȻָ˳Ѫܵο̽⡣
ΪԶ˵ĩѪĻôѪǺܴûѵġˣѪҲܶࡣ
ܳɺܿҵ֫㱳Ĵ
ǸϽ̧ͷ˵趯ֹѪɣԼʱ㡣
򣡡Ƹ£ֱӷԸ˰ˮݹ
趯λڹɶԶˣֱӰѹɶֹѪ࡮ֹѪ
ȥұٿܳɾͰѴֹѪĲƣԽԼʱ䡣
ûػ˿̧ͷǿߵĸѹ΢лǲ֪ѹҩﻹΪѪļ٣ѹߵķȴԣ
ܳұһ̽ɫʱһ䣬Զ˵Ѫ˲ʮ΢ʱͷƤһ
Ķֱ˨˵ĺã
΢Ŷѣûʾ˨ˣ˨˾ͲѪˡ
Ȼ̧ͷҹɶһ֮̽󣬷ֹɶĲģ
ҲĹɶˣ
˿ѾڴֹѪܳԼȾףݺһѹ
Ȼ̧ͷǷ򿴡
֮󣬾Ȼ֣ߵѪѹֱ5mmHg
ʦҹɶ趯Ȳˡ̧ܳͷ
޷ɲ߰õĹɶ
ԣһܳɣܳɵĿ䣬ƺһֲ֮ɫ
ֹ̰Ѫһӣ
еɽĺӣ;ϣػ
ٿһףȡ⵶ɴ׼пɴʱ
壡
壡
Ƶĵ绰ˡ
֪пǲ̶ģϽ˵ҽµ绰ƻи
ͬʱƵлĵ绰Ҳ
˵лҲ˵
Ѳػʿˣӽſʼûͣ
գԥһ£ѡȽлģƺеᣡ
ܳɺƼ״ɫ΢΢һ䣬Ҳû˵ʲôлǸΣֻΣ
ʦȥӵ绰ɣѪܡ
㣿۾һɡ
ܳĴָתһ򣬶ʾԼյֻ֣һֱδȾ
绰ǱҲҪܳһ˵ţһߴںҪ
ϲؿʼһֻסÿλã
Ȼһ߿ܳɣһֻ̨߲һһ߿ܳɣ˿һֲ˼ĶŵְѹֹѪ˵˿ѰŹɶĶ
Ҫ֪֣ܳߴ˿ұߵĹɶˣҪȥѹ̽Ѱ˫ϸ棡
Ѷȸ
ã֪ˣԣϵͷ
Ҷϵ绰ֱ̨һӡ
ߵ̨ԣܳɵ˫ֶӲסˣ˵ɡ
ʱܳɵѾγ˼ȼؽ̧ؽڰ롢ؽڼָؽڵļºӲ⶯ڻһģָͽ˶
ֱ֣ӷſ˰ѹֹѪĶ
ʦжлˣץסˡ¶ϵ
׼п¶ɣ̧ܳͷ˵
ֵİƣֱӲѪУ̡
ȥƲ뼱泵ȣ
һֱҪѲȵ̨ϣܹȥޱص
ܳһ㶣˿Լ֣ǹɶʦ
ԼòװѵĹɶҵˣѹֹѪʱѪѹѾѾ10mmHgˡ˿ֻҪ¶пҵѪѹʱȶסˡ
ʱҪſĻһӲ֪Ѫ
пһ˲ͰԪĸˡ
֮ǰܵʱ򣬿Ѫܹǻܱ߻ѪֹסѪҺ䣡
ԼѪ鶼ŪˣſǾǷѪ
ˣôһֱץŲţ
Һ㶼ߣܣ
пҪӵʱ䣡Ʒܳɡ
ܳɵͱԼɫǿٵر任
ոƽĻ浽ˡ
ſԪĲһпܾôûˣ
ţôǿ
TMʲô¶
ֻܳԥûػ
ƾͼ׷ʣȥȥ㲻˵ĻҾˣ
ãܳһľ
ʦȥɡܳɵʮ־ᡣ
ʱѲػʿл˵ǿƵëҽ˵ȥơǱ˸Աִ֮ΣϾΣա
ëҽϸϻڵ
Ϳô֣лɲܳɣͿأֱӵ˵ϾҪпĤˣ׼
лǱѾٵп­ǣƺµĶûüϸ
ζ
Ǽܳһۣܳûֵ˼
ֱȥ
ͬʱϾȨøң
ԥһ£ҪŵȨˣȥƣǱ߿϶ȱ֣
Ȩ±ơ
ѾƵƿһ·
Ͼе㲻֪ſڣʦأ
ûػ
ܳɿ˶Ͼ̴ϲϾãϽϴִ·ɶĽʱ¶
Ͼ˵ɵˣ
ɶ̽ҲIԽ
ûԶʲôϽ˵ϾϽȥɶп̽飬Ҫ£
Ȩ
ڽ£οԽ衣
Ͼŵһ飬Ͻȥϴ֣Ȼ·
ܳɵֿ˵Ѳʦҵһϵ⣬ŵ޾ɴٸҿһ޾ף
ֻͶϾ
Ͼȥϴִֻ֣ܵס
ޣҲˡ
Ѳػʿ˿ܳɣЩԥҽȴ˵㵹ǿ㰡ҽòײŰѪֹסѪѹһ㣡
ɶҪһɿǵϽͣȥϢˣ
ҲѲص˼ܳᣬǸСҽ֪òġ
ܳЩѵ˲̫׼ش׶ȻɴԴȽʵǴѪࡣ
ܳɵĶ죬Ϊ̶ֱλõƣҲҶ
ȵϾǰһСȦ
Ͼʣܳɸ磬Ҫ̵𣿡
Се󵥲ˣϽġܳһ˵ţһŤƨɶŵķ򣬹ת̵λá
׼ú
ܳɾ˵Ͼп¶ɶ
ָָܳɹɶ·׵λãԶϾ˵
Ͼ˿̺ܾᣬܳɵֻҲܿܳɵֿҲ棬һܳɸеô죿
ܳɸ磬֣ϾԲ֡
пһ㣬עⲻҪ˵ҾͿˡ
Ѳʦһӡܳ˵꣬ҪһӣϾпƤ߸ػ˳ʾпΧ
Ͼսսʮֽŵ˵Ϊţ˺ܳɣµƶ׼
õܳӰԼָһ㣬öϾ֪еʲôλá
õ絶ֹѪܳɶԶϾԸһ㡣
϶ͲֹѪˣǶϾ϶Щʲ̫ϤҰɾ¶ʱѶˣ
ֶܳѲ˵
ܳҪ̶ְֵϾɶı¶ˣµĹɶ¶
ֹѪһ£ôףӰ·Ұɡܳһһ˵
ϾŻŵصͷ
һĻ˿Ϊ죬ͬˣһȴϼҽʦһڴһˡ
һкӦ
һʼ߱֫ĴѪѪѹ½
֮ܳ󣬺ܿͰѪֹסˣȻгѪͨѪҺҩȻѾǰѪѹȶסˣ
ڳǾǺˣ
л˿ܳǵĽѧһۣϸԼ
ǿưѳѪȶסˣٳ£Ǻ͹ǿƵĹϵͲˣǱҪúԼҵⰡ
꣡
ƵлпĤǰӲĤڵѪ׸ҵУһֵ
ͬʱɫѪˮ­ǻڲϵ
ӲĤѪ׵­ڸѹʱ­ڸѹµΣգҲһ֣ԶԶû
ΣأCTAMRAԻҪúõһ­ûѪ
Ƿǳķʱ顭
Ѿʼ˿ǰ׼CTʾѣǾԵؿָ֮Բһʱ䱩Ϊǻڵļû­Ѫ׺ͿԳѪôǿ
ӺƵë˽лĽӣ
ʱ򣬶Ͼű¶˹ǰļв㣺𣿡
ϾЩµܳɡ
Ĳ죡
ǿƵϰһӼ򵥵ֹжιۿʼȻǡɹ¶Σ
ɹǾ͹λãİ򣬲̶ٴҲóȻԡ
ܳɲһȵܳɶˣ̶ܳɵĽѧ֪ʶʵĿǰǿƷä٣
У΢С㡣ܳɻе㺦²ĶϾеֵġ
ڣӹȥײײηηģڶϾ¶˹ɶϾ̲ٶæܳɣܳɸ磬ûеְɣ
治֪ܳɵ
ûУܺãѪǯѹɶгҷ֣Ȼ˿崴𣿡
Ĺɶ֮ԪΪԳѪµΣգʱˡ崴Ѫܷϣô
崴ĲΪ򵥣Ͼһ˶
ϾѪǯѹɶĽ˸˳Ȼ̧ͷܳɣܳɸ磬Ҫ߰һˣ
е顣
Ȼƽʱϲ崴ȡᣬİôһ̨崴ﻹǻŵһĺðɡ
ɣǵŶ͹ɶסˣƿزûļĻǾ͵Ȳλʦ崴ܳɿ֣ԶϾ
ס󣬻ļ㲻ѪжϣȷеѶȡ
ǺãϾһٹͷˡ
ܳȻߵ˶Բֹ࣬Ѫˣ
ԸѲػʿעֹѪĳʱͼЪʱѵףߡ
ֻǣ׼¥ȥʱ򣬷ҵſڣһѵ˳˽
ƺͲ̶ȻУƻƳϣķθգ
ȫڣͷƺеսݡ
Ѿпֱͨܣ
ܳɫһȻǿߣʼŷƴƶ·󲿶ܲǰС
ңһ߰ѹһߵһʱĵ⡣
ֻǣĵȻֱߣе粨ǰѹ˵ĸŲͲԲΡ
ѾӴһʶҽ˴ϡ
ʦˣܳɵЩǸ
ƿܳһۣȥӰƵ·ϣﵽĲˣѾͣˡ
ȫ㷺ˣбը϶δˡ
Ƴ̾һ
ΪʲôûֱҰܳһʡ
ƵʱѾǳƵڳ˵Ҵ
ĵͼʱѾĶˡ
ȫΧսʧѪҲ޷ƣͨҲýICUĻʿſٳɾͨ
֮߮󣬲˵ġ
˵ʱ⣬߽һˣڴϱķθյʱ˫־ͽȭͷĿеɫӣ
ûߣֻǾصķθյĽУѲʿ׼˺еƿңڿƿҵζţǵʱ
һʲһʱ俪ʼȡ

Сʱ
ˣظƴһ
Ȼ߮͵һĬĬ˳ҡ
߮ıӰܳɵɫٴһ̶ƶ߳ҵĹУܳƣ߮粻ǲôôڵģ
ըĵطסĵطԶ˵ڼ֣һʱȥֳÿ˶αը
ΪĲ룬ؾȻ˼սʿȻ߮ؽѵ
ĵȺֱһˮ
ʱ߮ͷƤˣ
ܳ͡
СˣˮȷļȷʽĹ㷺ˣˮǴ
ûоȷļȷʽ
˱ҽԺ߮ģһͺ˵ҡ
ֻ·ӰƵʱ򣬲˵ͣˡƸп˵
Ŀ֮
ܳ˫ش˴˫ۣ鸴ӣ
Լʱ͸Ų̶ȥ˼ƣ᲻ᵱͽ̶ڼƾ͵
ԼȥǸʱȥ˲̶Ǳߣ᲻ʲôıʣ
Щ⣬ܳԼǿ϶û취شġ
ң׷⣬Ѿ޲ˡ
ܳɵ񰵵޹⣬еʧһߣһߵոյѡǶԵġ
֮Ҫ㣬ҪԼһѡ񣡡
Ϊ㲻ʲôѡ󶼲뿪ҡ
Ϊȫ£ֻĲ˲ĲˣֻȹŽоֻ뾡һа취κĲˣʸȥ̰ĵȥĲˡ
ܳɻ̧ͷ΢΢˫ۡ
һֺһ
Ȼ˵ǰԱսʿܹһʱ߮磬ȻˡȻĻпֲܶҽԺɣ
ûܳɾĻش𣬶Ǵ½Ԫĵҡ
ϴ֣£ʽ̨׼ſʼ趯Ѱҡ
̶ûңΪĹǿƻҪҪ㱨벡˼Ĺͨ
ԪʣµĹǿ崴ʵͲˡ
Сʱܳɺ˵£ڶϾȨ˵һæ£еĲ
̨ȻϸѰ­ڳѪĲλСֹѪƵĳܷѾеββ
뿪ҵʱ򣬶ϾЩ˷ܣΪոһ崴ȻҲǸܳɺѧϰڶ֮жȱѪļɲŵɡ
ҲɣʦˣԤӦûǻ᲻İɣ
ûػܳҲûػ
Ȩ˶ϾĶԵһҪ˵ԪĵݺλԱݺ󣬶Ͼ̹ԹԱ͡
·ƾ˵ȥϢɡǵ鷿
壬ĩˣҪЩĸǱȥš
ܳ˾ͶͷȻ鶼΢е㲻̫áǾΪûȹ¼˻ǡ
ʦټܳͬʱ֡
ܳɻǸ˿ңİڿңȨͶϾǴӼϻģԲûؿңֱӻؼˡ
ܳɻصѾһˡ
ʱͽӵ˶Ͼĵ绰˼ǴһԷ͡
̶ΣϾ治С
ȨѾͬˣܳҲͲþܾˣ˵ԼҪ΢ʰһ£ٳţϾֱӸܳɷλϢ
Ȼܳɾͻɾ·ϴ˰
Ҫţȴӵĵ绰
ܳɣлл㣡
Ұֵ飬ǰͬ˵ˣ޹ǽѲػʿ㣬ȻĻҰ־ų̂
ոʦøҴ绰˵Ҹ׵ˣô˵ʱΣաлл㣡
лл㡣һڶࡣ
˵꣬ͿˣŹҶ˵绰ſڣ۾۾ˣȴûˮ
޵Ĵе࣬ܿ޵嶼ȱˮԲû˰ɡ
ңܿ죬ʰĨĨ۽ǣתͷΣźԼһż˳ĲѼǣҵɫƺ̫ÿ
ӣʰֻ˼ֿʼƯ
ûһУǸöð
ܳԷĵطʱȻ֣ⷢԷĻˡ
һþǲ֮߮͡硣
߮˿ޱظϾλ¼ĴžԼֳʱ򿴵һĻĻ
ܳɵʱڸпʵϣҪ鷢ò
ҽٺõҽҲֲ֪ʲôʱᷢ⡣
ʱ
˵ţܳɾ߽û߮Ľ߮ȴԼͣȻתͷܳɡ
ܳɸ磬ˣ͵ˡ
ܳɾ߮磺Ϊ㲻أνϲ˵Ϊԭ򣬽ѧϰó̡
ܳôʱȨͶȥĿ⡪
ǰ磬ô˰
ʦǱߵ飬㶼ûȥú˽˽Ⱑ
߮˵ǰѧϰóʱǽˡǽϵˡ
ոҵʦ˵ҵ뷨ҾҪˡǻܴ֡
˵꣬߮Լһ裬ܳɵˣڵԺһȳԹһŴλգ


һʮ еľ꣡
߮Ļܿͷ緶ܷжʡ
ʵô޷õʵ˵Сˣ
ܳ۾еû߮⵽Ǹһ
֮ǰڿ֣ϲ̶˵ܳҪϴѧҽԺڳԻʱ߮˵Ҫܴ
߮Ϸ˼䶼νڿϷǿûʲô棡
ɲжٿԡ
ܳһʱû̧ˮӡ
ܳ룬ȨϾ࣬ϾǶ߮΢е㷢ģԶ߶¾Ӻ󣬿ȨܳɶûַԻҡ
ȨͲ߮磬ʣ߮Ҫܴ֮ǰ˵ٴ鶼ûȤô
һ˵ţȨǲܴҽһѵͶ
߮粻ڰҽԺĹ࣬ҲǹǿƵԱʻ£ȫˮ߮
߮˫ˮȺȨһ£ȻֺͿȨӺٰѱӶĶϾһ£ȻܳҲ˱ӡ
һܳɣȴȨ˵ǲǰ
һۿ˱ըſ˷ʹкѪ߰ߣСˡ˵ˣ棬ȵӾػҪпЩ
һģһ
ֻǹܼŴĻӰ쵽ҵĴġ߮ԼʵĿģشð٣
ɿ϶ǶԵģֻһ֡
һסɾǣ߮ǵһο¹ʵԭֳﵽļﲡˣǴ¹ʵϵҽԺ
ܿĲпᣬҲԶֳ벻ҵ˱ĸĸҲ˵ģٻһϵҽԺϵ˼ȳĵ
ʵôȲȫȷǽ£߮ʶ
˭Ҳ˵׼
Ҳ⣬û⣬Ҳˡ
ǸѧԵ⣬߮翰ơ
ǣ·ֳôʹͿֻŵӴʱ߮һĸܵǵҲԱϵʹ߮統ʱסǿĿ־壡
ٴ˲ǵĵ
ԵԲƣһ󣬾Ͱַ
ܳʣ߮磬˵Ҫٴ飬Ͳ˵ϵʱһ˵Ҫȥš
Է֮ǰ˸绰ͬˡ߮˺һ⵽ȥ͹๾ڣһ˱ǣżЩշθ
ܳɾ͵˵ͷֻɫе㸴Ӽ֮˵߮磬ʵңȨӣϾˣӡ
ϴѧĸ߲ٴҽѧƵ¼ȡ߿ܶȥ復ˡ
ҪҪȥͲ˵һһȥܴȻְֵ񣿡
ܳô˵Ҫǿǵ߮ʵܲԼһЩȽƫŵļϣԼһ࣬߮ҽѧ롢ҽѧ棬ܱԼ
ʵ߮ʺֵɫ
ȻһҲ߮粻룬߮ϴѧʿҵˣѾ˲ʿıҵҪֻҪͰߣԺԺˡ
˰ҽԺܴԼֵ࣬Сϼ
߮뷨ܹܳġ
߮ԣæҡͷ˵أҾùܴܺá
ֵҪֵ̫࣬Ժ϶㲻ҵС˵ûд꣬ҿ϶ûôʱ䡣Ҳ˵ˣҹܴŰࡣ
ԲϼҾ;á
߮һԸı顣
ܳɸţҼ֮Ҫߣֵʲô£֪֮߮˵
Ͼ߮ǫĻ߮磬ܳɸĹ࣬Ҳֻĸ²Ҫˣ
ÿһĹ࣬רҵоĹǴ8·ݿʼԵĹ࣬һǴ·ݿʼΪʮ£;ûݼٵĻڵ·ݺ·ݽ
Ҳ˵ܳ03.31Ѿˣ
ֻҪס࿼ԣܹõ֤顣
ȻϾô˵ҪǾã߮ҵ֮󣬾ͿֱӵϴѧҽԺסԺôֵأ
߮绹ҡͷ˵˰ɣϾ磬дС˵ôе롣
ȡڹ֮ǰԼŬ׬Ǯ
ʽ֮ʱˣҹʿԶԶȲԼдС˵׬Ǯ߮˸ڡ
ϾŶ߮дС˵ÿʮʽڱְʮ򡭡
ԼоڼĲлѧѡ
ȻϾֿ˿Ȩ
һϢʮ򡭡
TMʵ
ϾŴܳҵͬӰӡ
ܳһ±õĶҪ࣬ҾԼҵܹ֮ҵĹδܳҵĺá
ԼȻĲ̶ͽ˵ľԼˡ

һСʱ󣬼˶ǳԵñģӻ߳
߮ģܳɺͶϾҪȥˣ߮һһ˶Ҫת;͡
ܳɺͶϾҲͲˣл͸Դˡ
ȨûŸתǮҪתҲûǮ
߮磬һ򳵻ȥ𣿡ſڣܳһε˴Ȩ
Ӽݡ
ȨͶϾ˶ѾȻȻȥ˺ܳ߮粻ϰߣ԰Ѹʻŵġ
ð߮һ£˵ͷȻЩ㲻ΪʲôȨԼΪʲô򳵣ʵȨһֱʲôġ
ҲûŸ˵˼
ĸ˳˾һŰѳһеS䣬ų

ܳɴ򳵿쵽Ŀĵصʱ򣬵绰̧һȻƴġ
ʦ𣿡ܳЦʺ
ϾȨƣ׷˶䡣
ܳɣȥҶһҽİࡣҪȥһˣƵƽǷԸܳɾܾ
Ŷõģܳϻء
ˡƵȻƽܱеε죬Ӧڿ
ʦࣿϾЩĽʡ
ƿΣܹδ࣬ǶϾζ飬κʵƼҲ
šܳɵͷ
ȨͶʱɫһʦһ㲻İ˵ʲô𣿡
һ·ϣȨ죬߮һֱûҵ硣
ʱ߮ͻȻʣǲʦĸ׳ʲôⰡ
ܳɺͶϾȨ˫۾ͬʱ߮硣
Ƶĸף
ʲô£
ƺǶû˵飬߮ô֪
ʦĸףθҽԺڿסԺǲ֪߮籾ֻһ죬Ȼͷӭ˫ȻĿ⣬΢е㾪ȡ
һڿڼ¥ܳɶȨԸ
ĸҽԺסԺĻǻбҪȥġ
߮ʶԼġ߼󣺡ϴѧҽԺڿƣǰ˻ƣӦתȥڿơ
ȨĶͣ
߮硣
߮类ɵ΢е㷢ë
Ͻ˵ȱ𼱡ȴ绰ʦʦڿƵĽڣҲܵĽڡ
ţ߮·˺һҵ˵绰
˹ȥ˵һΣûͨ
ڶεʱڲŽˣʣι˭
߮ԱݣȻԼҪʵ
ֻ߮Ϳ
˵Ӧ֣ݰɣһ̣дŰ
ҲǸ˰иöӣ챾תǿҵģ;ǿҾܾˣԼ׵ܴܵ˵绰ܵܰ˻ȥ
˵ǲԸ˷Ǯˡ
Լʶѣ̬ȼƵҲö˵ʲô˳Ժ߮簡֣ݣ𣿡
ƺʶ߮ģԻһ䡣
ڣҲʶ֣̣ʶ̵֣Ķӣʶһʦлл㰡ʦûŵɣֿ߮ʡ
ãûҾ͹˰˻иĴҵȥ˵͹Ҷ˵绰
ϵļ˶Ĭ
⳵ʦɫ΢еصʣǼҪĿĵ𣿡
ʱȥˣȥҽԺ¡ܳȻҲȥƵĸףǺԣƽҪ
ֵ࣬Ƶİϳ⣬˲ڣͶûˣɲǵĹϵܱסġ
ҪȥҪȥĻҸĿĵءܳʶϾȨ
ʱȥɣʦʲôûǽȥ˻鷳Ȩҡҡͷɫӵ˵
ûڣҲùȥֱװʲôβǰ
θڣǵǮͿԽ顣

³֮ܳɾϸȥ˿ѯֵ򺣱ʦ뿪ǰ顣
򺣱ֻ˵ƽ˸绰ͳȥˣΪȥܼˡ
Ҳ֪Ƿʲô顣
ܳɾ͵ͷٶʣʼԾס
̶ƽôǿе飬׼ĻҪ׼ġϾҲǻ֮һʱı̫࣬ԷһܳһֱڹעֻĻȴδӵ绰
Ͼ˳֮󣬺߮Ȩ໥֮󣬵һʱ绰̶ʦ顣
Ͼͨ绰ȥȴѲ̶ֱӸ±ˡ
̶˵ʲô㲻ڻҽơͲ龭
Ϊ֮ǰûܾȹʿļˣϣܹϸ˽徭
ûг֣ҲȽȶ޷ȻؽһСӣͻȻ˵ûû˵ʵҪϸ
Ҳ֮顣
Ͼ˵绰󣬲̶ֱָӴ˸绰Ƶĵ绰ͨȴһֱӣ̶񷭶̾һµʲô
ڲ̶ƴ绰֮ǰȨȸƴ˵绰
ʦȨСʡ
ţȨʲô𣿡ƲֻΪȨ϶Ŵ绰ġ
ǸʦҪǮĻҿ԰㶨ġҰ༯ŵĶ³࣡Ȩֻ˵һ仰
Ǳͣ˺ܾãԱʣ˭µģ
ڿ£ҲûΪӰ쵽Լ͹ֻв̶̶֪ôԣ˵Щ
ǸʦᣬҾû˼
ʦܳɸ绰ʱ߮綼ڡ
߮˵ĸϴѧҽԺסԺ飬Ȼ߮绹绰ڿƵڡ
ȨС˵ʦǧҵ˼ĵʦˣҲСĵ費ҪǮ顣ǽ衣
Ȩ࣬ߴ̼
ͻȻһЦ˵ص
ҪĻһῼģֲ̲˼롣
GʦǧȨϻظһ
ŹҶ˵绰
ƹҶϵ绰󣬿ų·ߣ˫Ȼزͣ˫ֺݺݵ˴Ƥ㱻
س˼Ȼ۾ͺ
ով˾绰ˡ
˾˵ƶ˾һ㶼㡣
֪ҽһöӣһ
о仰òǰТӣһգǮˮ
˾ˣţ̣˵ˣ˾ҿÿ̰ڵܣҶˣˡ
ҽһ仰ǶԵģû취Ǯ⣬㻹ᣬҪǰ̱ҪȢӣҪɼҵֻΪѼҵװܹˣһꡣ
Ȼʲôûˣﲻ̰
׵ܵܣұͬģŵ⣡Ҳͬ⣡ҽóôľõԼԵҩļ۸񡣡
ƶ㲻Ҫҽȥ׷ʵƷõ飬ǵˣƭһʱƫһӰ
Ƕ㡣
ʱû޳ֻϼҸϡ
ĸױ˾˽ӻϼңĸ׵Ը븸ͬᣬ˵ŻûаѶӸһ֮ǰһ棬ȥϰ֡
ǣȨһ仰ȴʹʧ
ǸǮֵġ
ǮʱûʲôãʱáǼҾǸԣĻܹںЩҽҩѻѵǮĻĸ׵ѡ
ĸ׵Σ
Լġѧ
ЩܶЩûУôһеʽһˡ
ٻ󣬾
е˾ǺŽԿ׳ġ
ƲֱˣҲ𸻣ֻǷǳźԼûܻôЩҵסȻļҵ׷ĻôܶҲû⼸飡
ϲ㲻ˡ
ƵˮһȻͻȻ뵽Լ˲Ļ
ĸ׻ѡԼ
Լѡ
ƲûشΪɲɵؾС߷
ʲôƣǵߵյǱ˵Ļ껪
дҵ󣬷˵ġ
һ̣û˵ġ
жµС˵Ҫ㸸ĸһҪԺġ
ҲУһʼͱߵġ
ҲУȷ֮󣬱ġ
ָĶС
ץץͷ΢ҡҡͷ֮󣬻ǿٵعر˫ȻýźţȻĸ׵ĵ绰
裬ܲٶ˵仰߰
һᣬһ߲ͣزŵ绰
̰ڳںǰĳرպ϶ϣˣ֪һģ˵ģ
˻ģ

ڣһСʱ֮
ǰĵ绰ͨˣھɫһɺԵɬɬģƤЩɺԡ
裡
ƣšƵţ궼ʮꡣһڵö
ˣšʡ
˵Ҫȥˡ˵
ƴ˿̣ʱһ񣬷·ȫ¶ܵ˾ꡣ
ãϻţϻƴϲ
·Сİ
Ƽ٣ھѾˡڸϷɱ

СʱƲڸϵس
ͣɲϨ𣬽⿪ȫֱ߿˳ţ˳󣬲سţֽŲõ¥ܡ
֮󣬾Ϳš˾ˣ̵һˣڵϵķˣڡ
ҿһȦû֣ݡ
ŵ˵ı飬ƺɫ΢е㲻̫Ծ
˾ˣ̣ˣʡ
ƣ磬塣
һȺƽƴк
һһǵͷеżﻹԷš
ҪʵʱƾͿԼ̼ҵ̱СŮ˿һƳ˳Ƴϣһ⣡
д32
壬տ֡
˵աƳƽûߣǰ̧ͷơ
ǿ϶ǲƵʲôʱģǴ˵ġ
ʱƲſ֣ݴ¥һȽϺÿȹӡ
裡ƲЦ˲۾Ҳ֪Ｗ˵ˮ
Ƶľ˾˾˵ƣ֣ݣԷǽҪ
ҰӻϼңȻȥˣ˳·˳ȥƵģӳȥһҩӹ˳ҷֲԾ㶼Ż
ĿҩӰ
˳·ȥҽԺʡ
˵ǰҩ󣬿ûŵðʱʹ绰ˡ
ŵҲϽܻˣ˶ûȥȻ˺һȦ˵ʮʮģգͰҩˡ
ɫһرס֣ݣ˵ĸ˺͸ӡ
ձĸ׵գԱƽԸ˺ͼӣǳ֣ݵľգһִӣԸȥˣ
ҩİ˭ģƱ󣬷֣£Щʡ
ҩǹҩƷһòô
в˵ۣ˯áͿ򡣡֣ݽͣȥҩ˵鷳
裬ȥףȡ׽顣ƾ˽һ⣬ȻͨƵģȻתͷ֣ݵ

ƾҪ֣ݻɳС
֣ݾǲϻȥסԺ
֮£ֻܹĸ֣Լɵ¡֮ǰҵ˶Եˣ˻飬ĸ׵Ĳ黹û񻯵ĻǾҪȥơ
ȻûôԺ󲻸
֣ݾ˵ܹŮҵҾȥסԺơ
ƺȻ۾һɵ֣ݣ裬һ϶Ϊ˱Ĵ߻ɣ
ࡣ
֣ûơ
Ц˿ǣҲĸԸ裬ʲôɵ£Ժ͵һӡ
˾ˣţ̣ҪŶ
ҪǵúúöŶллĵ⣬´յʱһỹһĵġƽ컹ֵ࣬컹Ҫ鷿ܾ
ԼԼǹһֱֵ塣
ƺ֣ݵĸпСƵĹ࣬챼ôԶøϻȥϰࡣ
Ȼ˿֣ݣ쿴ôһˣͲô
֣ݾ˵ʮˣ鶼ϹˡȢޣ˺ӣ˹ˣҲǮİˡ
Ҳã壬ʵû
꣬һٶ򣬽򰡡ҩȫǽڵġһֱƭңҽһŻƭҡ֣֪ʱԼһ
һӶôǮ
֣˶Ĭ
ǽСƵգĴ㣿֣ݵĵܵʡ
֣Ҳԥᣬҡҡͷ
ʵҲᣬҲ᲻á
ҶôãܹҪɼҵŷߡ
ڼʹС£ͻɳȥȻ취ɳԱȥʡܡ֣˵꣬˵
޳ȥŮóȥˮݲס̫ãҲס̫߶и顣ȻĻһˣסˣҲᱻ
Һ㡣֣ݵĵܵҲɳй˼ٵġ

ƴ賿ĵ¸ϵ˿ܳɺ򺣱˶Ѿ˯ˣСϢĿմƣƤһϣͳ˯ȥ
ƺѾ̫ãû˯˰ˡ
ϡ
ܳɴȥ͵ʱ򣬿ƣǳȡ
࿴ʱֵҶֻ򺣱ʲôʱģ
ܳҲûʣҽԺ˺üȦܻԼķȥϴ
ƽʱֵʱܳڿϴģ֪
ԲҴŵƵ˯ߡ
ܳͣȥʱ򣬷̶ֲ˶Ѿ˿ˣƺûдŵơ
ϵĲ鷿߮綼˿
̶Ǿ͸߮ȷһŴλ򺣱ֵġ
߮ȨͶϾһŴһӾŴ
Ҳ֪ǲǹܴ˵Եʣ߮ڲ鵽ԼĴλʱ򣬰Ѳʷ㱨øϸݵط˵ǰƷʽذѺƼƻͰ˳
ⷬһֱӾò̶˶ɵˡ
ƺ̶Ǵûд¼һʱ侹֪ӦԲźá
С۾һУ˵ͷ˵ţС˵úܺãʱͰСķɣһЩĵĵطϸ̽һ¡
߮ͰѲ̶ĻȻڱʼǱдд
ܳɺͶϾȨ˲ſ߮һɫıʼǱ¼ŵŵŴƷͼУҴ˿߮Ȧ˲̶˵Ҫֵ̽ļƷʽ
һȦһߣ߮Ϳ̶ǶԼ߮˵ŶʦҸ˵һϰߣȦĵĻ׳ײͻ𻨡
ǿܹͨҵǾͻԲͨ͸ûҵĻôһٴСidea
߮⻰ʱܳɵ˶ҪһʵıʼǱ˼
̶ͷ˵GСϰ߷ǳŶǸѧİ
߮ͣûش̶Ŀޡ
ɲǸѧֻŬѣѧʲϸºͨ͸һ㣬Ͳѧˣֻѧϰ
Ȼÿطһ֪߮Ӧͬ죡

˷
̶ͷ֣ϺͺҲԵ˿鷿ˣǿ̶󣬶غһΡ
̶ΪΣܵΪе㲻̫ϰߡ
ص˵ͷʹȥҽ칫ҡ
Ȼ̶͵ذ߮ȥΰ칫ҡ
ȨһʱȥһҩϾǸϽȥҽˣ
򺣱ҲǾֻҪŴе£þҪС
ܳǿûµˣһ湤ĶϾȥæµҩȨ߽ҽϢҡ
ܳɻϢʱ˲۾ʣˣǶ𣿡
ʦѾ˵ʮˡʦѾǲˣʦϽȥϢɡ
ֵࡣܳ˵
۾˯ͷˣѾôˣһֵɡ
ãʦ֮ŻȥúϢһ°ɡ
ʦ϶ǲҪϢ
˵⣬ܳ˵Ŷʦﻹӣģˡ
ɣҲܳԡ
ȥϴλȥ𣿡ʡ
ûУ߮ȥΰ칫ң˵ɡŶˣʦ߮Ŵλ
Ҳǽϲżʶʲôǲ鷿
ܳһ˵һ߸п߮ƽʱȻɫʲôûĲˣв¼һǳ꾡
ǲʷǼǵǰǰƷоķ
ܳһ˵ţһЩĽ
֪߮ʶҪһЩҪǣ߮绹ѧϰѧûΪͨ͸֣һ֪Ͳȥ˵֡
Ŷܳô˵ʱֶ߮Ȥ
΢һ£ȥһ²ΣȻȥɡ
治ãʦ챼ۣ챾͸ֵġܳĻ
첻֪˶ãЩʲôܻܳɵ֮⡣
ȥϴˣûܳɡ
ƿ칫ҵ׼ȥ̶߮ʱ򣬷߮ѾӰ칫棬ƿ˽ƺЦŴ˸кʦ硣
šɨһ߮磬ҲûʣԽ߮ȥҲ̶ˡ
٣ȻҪ²̶ģ̶ϼΡ
ƿźƿ̶һ
߽ԼҲһ͵Σʱ£ؼһˣ٣ҼЧ
̶һţû°ɣҪæĿԽһء
ûأΡ
Ҳе¡˵
˵̶һڣȻ󻺻³
ΣǸϴҽܵǸ׶ǸϵʽҴġƾ˵
̶һˣ
š㲻˵ǮƵ˵ͷ
̶ָһš


һʮ ý칫
GϡƽеãԺͲ̶Цƴߡ

ϲ̷εƣƽлɫһʣĸǱߵ飬˰ɣ
ϼ˽£Ҳùܣ̶Ǵһ䡣ûʲôܰﵽæĵط
Ʊһ䣬ɫԿ˵˰ҩȻգֻһ˯һһᣬҴҹظϻȥ˶ҹ
̶Ŀһƻ˼Ҳʣհ˵˵ϻܾ۸͡
ĩҪڽϣһ
ô鷳˰ɣΡһЦ۲͵ĻǵԼǮȻǳԺˣȻ̣Ǯ
ȥҰɣҴ΢һ㣬ĩСֵࡣ
̶˵ţ͵ˣҵʱóԵĶȥ
˵ţ̶ԼͲˡ
Ͼƺ«Уϲȡ
ǺãȥˡǰΪ֣ڸһסԺﲻ𣬵Ҫʵֳɵġ
ֵģֵܳתܳɣҽȷǸӣҲþ۾ۡ
ϻȥ֣ݻڣͺȻֻ֣Ҫţıʲôá

ƴΰ칫߳󣬾߽ҽϢң֮ǰ߮粻ڣֻܳˢ⣬ɫ΢ûʣֻ˵СܣǸҼԷ
һ΢һ¡
ܳɵͷе⣺ʦ𣿺õġ
ô˵϶ѾͲ̶ȷ˵ģȻö˵ʲôסķӾҽԺܽﹻܡ
Ȼȥ׼һ£Ȼ֪ͨ˰ƴúõһ£Ȼڴ֮ǰȥѳʰһ£ϡ
֮ǰڼֻ档
ʦȵȣҪк𣿡ܳʡ
߮ǿ϶Ҫеģ֮ǰͳԹ򺣱ȴûһ۹һξ۲;û
ӣȻ˸Ƿ˵һϰɡ

ܿ죬ϾȨ߮˾˹Ĳ˵飬ϢȺȥʱܳɾ͸һһʦͳԷ顣
Ͼ߮綼ֻͷ˵á
Ȩ˲۾һϸʵϰɣ㣿
ţϣɡܳҲûʾʱ䣬Ҳǵ֪ͨ
ٺ٣áȨ˲ãGֿԽˣ뷢ʻ죬绹Իؼҳԡ˵ҪȥӦ꣬Ѳ
ⲻ޾ֵ
Ȩ˳ȥ
ߵ¥µʱȨ֪ǲڣȽʵͱһŮӸסˣGλ˧磬֪ǿô𣿡
Ȩϻصһ7¥Ƕ8¥ȥͿˡ
شǰŮӼۣʮңеƫϣϵƤȴô£Ӧǰҹ٣Բ϶Ȧסˡ
ϵױǾµĵױһӣӻΪСɡ
װ磬ֵ͵磬һŮԵ
Ȩ֮ͣ٣ǿϵľ֮ɫ·ǲ֪ҪҵڹһƻǹǶơ
óֻᡣ
Ǵ绰һЩȨֲ
˧磬ҽԺǵһоصֻ֪ǰҽԺǿƵģ֪ڹһƻǹǶơ
գұԼһȥԷģ˵ֵࡣ
Ϲɲɵض³ˡ
ҹǿƵҽǹ໹ʽְ⻰Ȩĵİ֮Ŀʼ
ʶǿƵҽŮ¶֮ɫ
ǹǶƵĹ࣬ҹǿƵʦͬѧĻֻҪ˵־СȨǳаյ˵ͬʱ˸Ů˶˭
Ҫҵ˽ƣɲܸ绰Ůе⡣
ץһʣץ˹ǿƵĹ࣬пܱ¶
ʦȨſ죬׵˲š
ŮһȨʦýҴˣתȨȥƷϢ߰ϵ˶һ飿
Ȩȴ֪ƣʮ˻ûţҲ֪ԼһҸŮѲףæ˵Ǹʦʦĸ𣿡
ʦϲ귿󣬾ͻȥˣҪҪȥҰҵõСȨһ˵ţһŶ䣬Ը¡
ﰵ⣬ʦܰľֻܵ˰
Ůһƶȥˣ˿ʱ䣬žŵһ㣬ѵƶôеô
΢ԥһ£ǵ˵ͷ˵鷳˰ɣСָҾͺˡ
GõģʦסСxxxx102Ԫ1202ſһɫǼңȻߵĶ½ǻеȨǳϸµػ㱨š
ŮԾ͵лȻϽ߽˵³ȥ
Ů뿪֮ȨܻҽԺȻ绰˲̶
ܿͨˡ
֮󣬲̶ֱӸܳɡϾ˶㲼һϢ
ϵľ۲ȡ
ЩȨ鱶߳ҽԺſڣ˫ֲ㶵ýֱգͷǳʺϷʲô

̶ȡϾ۲͵飬ǻ֪ģϻصҺ󣬿ʼʰ
ƾͷ֣Լûһ
Ϊˣϵصֱ˻صűߣŰ־ͼϵȥˣȽɣԼҵط֮󣡡
˵⣬ƾͷ˲ԾĵطΪӰӾͲǸˡ
ͷһ̾ϳ˶ԷݣգϴѧҽԺڿƵһҽ
ƴ˿̴ףϰѣ˶Էݺæҽ˼Ϊҿͬ£ǼСһ
Լĸ֣ڵΣƶΪ𾴣Ȼһ˵ţһ߻ף׼ϰѷŽϴּ䡣
˵ҽôϵذɣԼͺˡ
ϴ֣˵գȻҲ֪յʱֵ࣬ðŵ㣬㲻ҪⰡ
һ˵ţһʮּªܸɾķ䡣
ûûСʵҽԶٱ㷹ˣסԺʱҽչˣֵֻ߲࣬
ҽţ̺ϣһ㣬øЩȫûкܳദʱ
վ˽ȻſڵʱԥҪҪЬϾƼЬȫ˵ģƱ˻
ûЬֱ߽ͺáһ˵һ߿ٵβϰϴּһңȥϴȻ׺Χȹԭλ
Ͻ߳Թţûúȵģ˵ҽҪȲ軹Ҫϣ
͸ҵһˮɡԼϿĹԣСҽػظ
ϾԼţҪúñԼģĵı̬ȻֿԼС
С¼Ʒܹչĸ׼һգӦòƷԲˡ
ƲϽȥ֮ǰպõˮ˳ٴȡ۵ıӣ˵ⱭµģûùԼõģǱùġ
һЦ˵ҽйɣܽЩǵ
ƾͻ˵ҪҵЩͬƽʱٺˮϾͺˣ߾ǺȾƣԱӸûŲһֱ
һ˵ţƸյһˮִӲȡһҶץһ㣬ؾˣҶҸ˲̫ϲȰ׿ˮϲˮ΢еζ
ҽϢ𣿡ƽʡ
ΪͬУǿĿĻͲˣ֮ǰнӴҲİˡ
ţǱĩÿ˴鷿һ죬ҽ鷿ҾϢ
ҽͽհɣֲڲҲڿҡеֵֹģҾͻû°Ƶġսţеš
ĵӵȷе̫ˣҲ˵֣Ѿѡ˳ԺΪƵܲãǱοοơ
Ҳֵ࣬Ͼ͸ˡ
˵˼ҽ֮ǰĲ˼
ô˵ţƾַԼĳƺдҲһʱĲϾ˺üˡ
꣬ʦ֡¶˰ɡպȻһЦ˵
ţǣ֮ǰ𣿡۾ûףպȻΪʲôô˵
վͽ͵ʦ֣ǰƵģǰһʵϰʱʵϰĵڶڶѧڣʱǶںڿʵϰ
£ƻˡ
ô˵ƱʣҽҲħģ
š07ģʦ֡վͱԼʵݡ
Ŷԭһˣʵϰڶȥˡ
ǰձҵĻһýʦ㡣ƺЦһ£Щ̫˼
֪˵ǰƵģԽԼܶʱ䣬͸Ͻ˵ʦ̫ˣʵҲҲҪ꣬Ҳʮˡ̫ࡣ
ʦ֣ͬ˵֣̳ԺˣӦûʲôɣǻһתʡ
˵ϲƵʱ򣬲ħԺڱҵ֮ʱƵ̸¡ƷԣļʶţǳԽͬ˵ġ
ֻǹ΢е㲻̫ãմ֮󰡣ͷ֣ȫȫһʧţĸ׵ĻڹƶԺˡ
ȻħİƣԺһۡ
ʡȻܾãղƣֻʱҲر˧
ֵȴȡڳࡣ
Ƣеǿֻ赭д˵һʣǰʱǸĸڰ
ΪͬУУѣһһҽѧԺģĵĻͲˡ
ҸŵĽҲƣǱң֮ǰǲʶʦģʦ˵ҺǱңԲͬҸЩǫ˵

ܳɻڿֵ࣬Ϣܿͱŵɳ˶ˡ
ɳ˶߽˵ܳɸ磬ϴ˱֫ǸˣҪԺˣĿǰĿѵ֮ǰһЩ
˵Ҫרлһ㣬ھҽ칫ҡǰܳ˵һܳи׼
˵꣬ܳɵɫһ£лҰ
ɳ˶Ҳе㸴ӣһֱտģܳɺ鷿û롣ɲȴҪָյظлܳɣͼֱãˣˮ졣
ʦϺλûˣھԼĲ˶ҪԶ̵ظлһܳɡ
ɳ˶Ҳ⣬˵˫˫ܱסȫܳɵĹ͡
ɳ˶˵ţǵģ̣ڣŶλ쵼ҲڣܳɸҪһ£
ܳæվſڡ
ɳ˶ڶԶܳɵ˵ˣܳɸ磬˽зһҽԺȵһûȹ˽вܣǲĶӡ
Ȼ΢ע£°ͷ̶֪¡
áܳɫһ
ǸүǶ
ܳ߳ʱͷְһַֻһϊ֚һֻעѾߵķܡ
СѾˣʱ׼ߡ
ܶܳɾһ˵лл㰡ҽ֮ǰʵ˵ҵֺͽܱȫ׼лģֻһֱ㡣
ҴлԺõŵĵطҽҴ绰ͳɡȻҾͰҵĵ绰뷢
Ŷˣ绰ҽҵģҿЦ˵ҽĺһ㲻⴫
ܳɾ͸Ͻǰ˷˵ǵģǵĵ绰һ㲻˺ͼġ
Ҫúÿѵдǲͬ䣬ûҪô
˵⣬ֵܳҲִʱˣڱǣȻΪ
͵ҵıְҽģرлģֽŶû˵ĻԺӣͼûпˡ
˷⻰Աϊ֚͵㻹ʲôŶҪúϢ̻
ش˴
˵̣õҰֵĺţҲ;ϣҰְֵĹ٣ҲҵĹ١
Ȼ˵÷ǳ飬ֹ̺˵ˣܡú̵Ļ
˶ԣĸ׾ǹȥְ
ϊ֚ԣǾǲТð׷ͺڷˣǴТһ֣¡
ϊ֚۾ֲ岻үүû취㻹ĻҿҪô찡
Ϸңɾֻһ˰˽ץŷ֣¶
ܳҲæȰڵǺúϢֻϢˣĹܲźã񰡣ҪִкãȻҽ
˵ûУҽǲˣȨ˼ҽҽ
ҽ𾴵˰ɣҺû˽﹵ͨɣ
ҪŰɣ
˿ܳɣֿ˿˵ͷ
ܳɺȻеЦ𿴷ӲʮꡣԼС߰ꡣ
һˡôСӣͲʿȻҲӢۣܳɲепη˼
ȥɣʹˣҲҪúϢ
ǸҪأТ˳ˣҲǸģȥúúչ̡ܳѾǸسˣ˺ܶġ
û˵ϊ֚׼ߡ
͸ϽŴС׼ڷϊ֚ĺ棬ڲ׼ȥʱܳɺȻ΢΢ԲǸ
Ŀⴿرʾ𾴡
֣صؾһҲû˵
۾̾ͺˣһ٣ȻϽ׷ȥ
ӰҴңܳɿۿ졣
ӣǣҡ
ŵȴҪ尾ģһҪȥ
˵ϊֻ֚ɥ֮ʹϊ֚ɥɥӣûҵһҲҪ׷ȥͺڷ
ǣԲԵȣȻǿˡ
뷽ҵĶȻǿɾˡ
ܳɶһ
ţš׷˷ϊ֚ǰ棬ȥҵţȻšŴСܳɺɳ˶סˡ
Ҳ֪ǲ룬Ҳ߳ȥǾͺֿԡ
壬ݵˡ棬ܽ
˳ʧ񣬸Ͻߣҵһأͺϱ˿硣˿ͻɡ
ԺҲˡ
ҲϣԺҲҪҲҪҽԺ
ܳЩӡ

ɳ˶ȥĲıӰҲþ޷ƽ
ܳɣܳɸ磬˵ⲷֳ׺ͷʲôϵôôð
סԺʱ򣬲һ°չˣļȴû϶ٻؼңܾǴҴҵزμһӵ
ܳɾҡͷ֪
ٲֳǸɾˣɾҲпɾ֮ˣҲǿɾ֮ˣϣԺҸ
˶磬ʲôܳɲԸоᡣ
ҽҽԺضǲʹҴңԲԸȥѱ£ֻϣûʲôʱУòˡ
Ժзɣܳɸ磬أɳ˶Եѯʣ˸Ļ⣬Ȼðתˡ
ãǾͳԺз˳ٵһȰɣܳ͡˵
ҲͻȻûζҪζ΢̼һ¡
ɳ˶û˵ʲô
ܳ»ȥˢ֮ܳͻȻ˷ϢҽǷҵĵ绰롣鷳һ¡
˵ֱӣûֿڵۡ
ܳɾ͸˻ظõģԺ֮һҪסúýйܶҲҪǵѭ򽥽̲
ס֫Ǽ½϶Ҫġ
ɽֻܾҪ֮ɣҪָȥ˿һһϦ϶ɲˡ
ܳʵµǷ
ʡ˶ܰ˵Լ
ƺûظܳҲȥˢˣֱ쵽ʱ򣬷ͻȻһϢǳεϢ
˵ҽʵʲô֪֪ܶ˲֪顣֮ǰ;Բ˵Ҫչ˺ңԭΪҸΪ˾ˡȻҸ׵ĺţһֱܵġ
ϢûֶΣĶ
ֱ֮󣬲ʵúࡣʱΰ飬ܹѡǿػȥΰġҵѲ֮ԻΪһֱǷһҵ˵ӡ
ҽԵʱ˵绰ҲȰ͹ƺԻǼһƵģʵܾҵѡҪʲôҸҲôġ
ھͺΡҲǺ֮ǰһİɡеܣҲе㲻֪롣Ϊҷʧȥѵʱһ̶ϻʧȥҵɡܻ𲷽ܣܻܻΪҰֵԭôͲ
ôǲҰֺҵأҵܸӣȻÿβȥر£ڻԵʱ򣬻ż䡣
һйһƵ뷨ܲڸ֮󣬾ȥӡһǣԺύһµѣܲѵλãӦǲܵġ
Ľ飬Զû취ģеᲷǲӵһˡΪǵĻܻ
ллҽҾغ죬ΪЩҶ֪˭˵ҵսǿ޷ҡ
ܳɿ꣬ɫһֻĻ
Ȼ˲ã߳ȥɳ˶˶磬һȿ𣿡
ɳ˶д˿ܳɣܳɸ磬Ҫҵ𣿡
ѾˣٵһɡܳɾͰֻ˹ȥ
ɳ˶һЩʣܳɸ磬ҪȴζĺڿȰǺܿడ
áܳǰϲȵĦĦȻҲе࣬𴿺ڿȣǲ˵ζ
ɳ˶ǾͲٶʲôˡ
˵ֻݹ
Ѿ˰˶硣ܳɸֶ֮ɳ˶
ʮӺ󣬿͵ˡ
ܳɱΪԼϰζڿڵĵһڸУˡ
ܳżԳЦЦ㲻겻֪ζΪ´ǿ˵
룬㡣

ʱڼ˰ӵĲˡ
Ȼȴ˲̶ĵ绰ʣΣʲôʱ򵽰߲˺;ƶ׼ˡ
̶˿ڼԷС۾һɣʲô
˵Ͼ۲͵߲ˣʲôʱƼʣǳֱ
̶ס˶ͷƣûȥԼᰡڼˣ
ʲôԼ᣿ЩͿ
֪ʲôˣҽҼĵַ𣿡ƾͺ棬ôģ϶ǳڹֻ֮ǰʡ
ոֹ֣ˡңϹ̶ûƢˣ˵绰
£ͺԼ˵Ҫߡ
ֻϲϱС̶⣺㲻˵ԼᣬԷ𣿡
û̶ɴ۾
ϲССʲôӣ˼˾ӡΪ㰡
С̵תͷһĪž꣬ƶǶ
˾ҲǸʮϹʲôõġ̶ߵſڻЬ׼ȥȥ
˰ӣҲʲô͹ȥ֮ǰ˵õġ
ֻ˵̫ʵˡ
ȻȨӵƵĵ绰ʱ׶ˡ
Ȼʣʦ죬컹۲Ͱ
ץץӣﰵ࣬磬Ұ׼׼ˣֻҪ绰˵һûվͺ˰ԼԼȥÿӰӰÿȥֲʮСˡ
ϻϽġࡣѾӲ̶Ȩٴϸˣֵ
úúáȨҲֻӦ
סĵطƵļҲԶԺܿͳ¥һƵļȻڼ˵Ҫ̺;ơ
Ͼƹ˲֪˵ˡ
ʱȨ߳ұ߳ģֻƵļĸɾûʲôŮ˵ĺۼ
ƺϽȨҲžеʧ˽ȥȻæƿЩ

̶ͶϾϵʱ򣬲̶͵G߮ܳأ
̶ΪҪȥ԰ѶϾˡ
Ϊܳɺ߮Ӧ͵˲Ŷԡ
ƾͿȨһۣ˵ٴϢ߮ȥѧУȥɷˡʱϲܳѾ·ˡ
̶ҲɫһȨô£ôܼٴϢأ
Ͼȥæˣ´ĵȨ滻
ȨһŴ˿̸ˣӲͷƤ˵ʦⲻΪһŮң˵ҪR
Ȩ˵rĸ̶ƶϾ˶ɴ۾
Ѿ̧׼ˡ
ȨҲ֪Լеŵز˵ʵϽĿڣգաҲ֪˭һΪʦĸء
ҽϴѧҽԺҽʦҺͱ˱ȣ롢ѧŲ㼶ء
ҵѧáʲôе
˵Ҫ۲͵ģһ磬׼ôˣͱȨˡ
ţţ´βˡȨæصͷ
Ȼ˵ʱ򣬲̶Ȩ˾ſھԿתյҲ⴫ʦ֡ˡ
̶Ȩ˲ɴ۾ơ
üһԿ׶ˣƿ԰
ȻսţЩε˵ǺãǺá
еΣҲ΢ôŮ˵˼
Ͻվ໥һȦܣ˲ʽʶ
ֻǰʶ֮󣬲̶͵͵ظȨͶϾ˵һ䣺Ȩ˵ǶԵģƼֱľԿǡ
ȻҸῪ
ҪôʦϾء
Ȩѹü͵˵ʦѾܳɸ緢Ϣˣʮ֮С绰
ʦһھƣȥˡ
̶̸Ȩ˴Ĵָ
ȨҲ˲Ű
ȨĻû˵꣬ܳɵĵ绰ʹˡ
ʦĶҽƴ绰˵ǿΣȥơ
̶˵绰ôߣƲҲø߰
̶ΪȨϢá
ʲôôߣҽƴ绰ҹǶΣǲ֪Դ˵ǿˣҸϽ绰ƣܳɺ˵
ڶų̂ģ
̶վ˵ƣҪˣ
ΣĪңһӲˡ꣬Ϊ̶Ҫ;ʧһУ
ļҽƴĵ绰̶治ƭˣһ߻أһ·壬˳㻹Ť˶Ͼһ¡
ߣȨȳԶ̶ԸţʹҴҸȥ¥¡
ƲΪҪ۲;ͺ˵ûС
Ȼ󣬲ʮ֮ƾͽӵ˲̶ĵ绰ƣʮڣƣȨҲϡ
Բ𰡣˴ļﲡˡƱҲֻǸضЦЦ
ȻҴҴȨ˳ȥһжýϧ칫
ֻ˵û£ʦ֣ȥæɡ


һʮ ȼҽ
ȻסĵطҽԺԶƻѡ˿ȨʻǴ绰սͣգĲ˼ǿʱزˣҪԼȳ԰ɣô˲Ҳ˷ˡ
겻ʰԼʰͺˡ
ʦ֣Ƿʲôһûϵġɫһʣеʧ䡣
ˡһԽ̤ˣһѧУ¥¾ǲ͹ݡƿٵؽ˵
һɫʱˡ
ߵѧУе룬ҽԺͰҽԺһʲôӪףﵽҽԴôվͲˡ
ԣҲվʣʦ֣ʲô𣿡
û˵տʲôģڿƣǼθףרҵԿڣӿɺͳθû
ȳԷɣƷĲ˾Ӷࡣ
ɣһԷ⣬ллﰡɫԼ΢е˽
սĵ֮ģ
ȻҲܿóնкøУȻԼԷ
ûаոͻȥ΢е˽ġ
յòŻѧãҲܶøʵģϲԼżȻԼĸϣԼճɼңϧΪۡ
Ǻһ˳ɼңòƶ΢е㲻ƽ
뵽ֶΣƶ뵽ֻǲмȥڰѲ̶ǶΪ˻յദΣŮ΢һ㣬Ʒ

Ȼִܲ٣ʱ˽һ¡
Ǻõģʦ֡մ˿ҲûԷֻ΢еģһӷˣ󲿷ֶۿһһġ
ʳҲһġ
֮ǰƼû඼Ƶľ˾˺;ģƻ£յԤ֮⡣
ңƻѡܣҲնƵߡ
˵ʵȻŮּĴͳãǻյкӱͲࡣϴ˹
ڽʱ˵ϲ±Ѽͷƾ˵һܲ±Ѽͷȥ򣬶൱һˣվȥԡ
óԵĻֶһڴʳ

ȨųƵĻһ
ƫͷƣЩ£ʦ˰
⻹мٰ˵ԽȻ¥ϻסǳԷĵ㡣˵мͥùʲôģϣҪ°ɡ
ҽƵһʱпҵĿΣ¾СˡǻȥŰɡ
ѾɳרֳˣҽԺ϶ҲҪȥˡƻ˵
ôЦ̶Ϣʱ򣬵ʱ˶ˡ
ܿȨͿϵ˼ſڣͣڸʻٵƿ˳ţȥ˵ȥܻͣؿùҺͲεĶϡ
⣬ܳڿĻҲ
ãȨϻӦҲ£˿ӵסֱӴ˷̣׼ͷͣС
ҪͣѣƵĳҽԺǲͣѵģȨҲ˲ô࣬Ҳƽϡ
ٵذѳͣúȨҲͷɱҽԺ
ʱ򣬾ͷֿļһţѾ˲ˣȫ΢˺ʹ˵ģܶ˶ڳţҽʲôʱҺ⻹˿ڻûء
ɳ˶ڰ칫ſڣüס
ɳ˶ŲƤλ磬żӵ飬ܲ΢ȻΣգҪϽ봦
ɳ˶һ˵һߣԱ߻ɫżļߴţҽȥɣ˵ͷʹúܡ
GǺô죿һº֢ô죿ӵļ׷
ɳ˶ʵ˵ˣҪˣ㻹ôϻ
⻰Ҳֻ롣
һ߼ţǵ⣬ǲػҽԺԭȾȼȲأߵĲʵڲ١
ҪƵʵڷǳеĻתȥҽԺڼƵʱҲʦĹ
ɳ˶ģҲɵӣ֪Щ˵Щ˵
ҽԺһҽ𣿡
ʦڼƲȣԲ𰡣ߵĲˣͷʹұϸϹȥһ¡ɳ˶͡
ȴΧסˡ
һͷʹһƺѾԹȥļӵļɳ˶ˣ̱ô£ǰҽ˸Һġͷʹܲˣɱ𣿡
ҽǴҵģֲ㺰ľģͷʹҺӻѪء
Ƕ˵תԺ𣿡
ôתԺҺסԺҽҪ𵽵ס
ˣϾҪˡ
ʱɳ˶ͿȨæ˵ҽܲܰҸææá
ȨҲһ˰ɳ˶ΧסæҲֻ˵ҽһҪȥƣʦͲҸϹȥ
ڿв˵棬Ȩǲб˸ģֻڰ칫һϢңû˵ʱ򣬲Żụ˵ĳƺ
˺ͼһȨҲҽЩӵļϾתͷˡ
ҽҽҲԼɳ˶ûϾɳ˶ȥģȨ⿴ûʲô£ǾͿԺȥԼӴһˡ
ɳ˶İѲ˼סһ£ߵļȴѾڴߴˣҽȥɣ
Ұ֡
ɳ˶͸Ͻתͷ¼Ȩ
Ȩʱ˰ԼΧסˣɫһ䡣
òһ߼ȥһߵһãҪȥơ
ҽ㲻ܲܰҽѵͿŲ𣿡
Ȩ˿Ѿְݵſڣа˵Ĳˣֵҽ̫ĻҪԭһһġ
ΣյʱΪȣ֮⣬˺Сȡ
Ҫȥơ
G߰㲻ܲܰǵĺû˿Ҷ˰Сʱˣ˿ھֻһ£Ѫɴˡ
ôҽԺôģ
㻹ûҽ°һȺ˿ʼ
ȨûػƾƿڴȻסݣǵϲ𡣡
ҪͶǣ
ǰҽԺôӿҪȥٱǡһȺˣ
ȨЦ
Ī˵ٱˣڳŵҵĲϣҲŻȥСΪء
ˣҲҪȥƣΪء
ңʱٱҽԺûջ㡣
Ƶӣ˵òģʲôë˵ģȥҸԺһ°һ°òÿ㣬ôҽ㴦Сӡ

̶ϻصƵʱ򣬾ͷ֣ԼҵֵܳɣŰ״ӣ״ӵĿڴװס
ڴ˵ƴ߱ߣһߴףһߴܹȷλ͹۲˵ĸλỼߵʹࡪ
Ȼ󻹽ӵ˿ĵ绰ĴλѾȫˣܳɸ磬β˽ˡ
ͬʱ̶ϺҲڼƵϵɸŲˣһҵҽ֣ǿҵȶסˣȥǿô죿
ס¥ݼ𣿡
ǲȻô죬ǹǿƵ⣬ǿƵĴλҲˣƵĲҲˡ
ֻйǿƵ𣿡Ϻɴ۾
ͬʱһЩ˱˺ɫıǩ
졣
ܳתͷ˲̶󣬾˹˵ʦסˣһҪֵȰһЩ˳ԺавٲǱҪסԺġ
ܳ˵ȰԺĲ˾ر֢ҪסԺˣתȥҽԺԺȥѸĲЩرҪﴦˡ
翪Թ۵ģжѼ˵ģ
ж֫ġ
ȨֻҽԺȨֵʱ˺Ȱ˵˳Ժ飬ֻпβȨȥ롣
ϾȻԸԺλõĲ˼ƣԺһЩգҽԺҪһеġ
Ҿֻܱտˡ
סԺָЩǴﵽˣǣʱסԺָҪͨġ
ҪβҪֻҽԺ͸߲˲ܹʱźþ
أû𣿡̶תͷûҵһƵ졣
ڸ·ˣ˶ҡܳ˵
ʵҵֻǲܳЩյص
ʱ򣬾ѾҽԺȫˣҲû취ĻκһҽԺܹ㹻ִȥκεĴ¹ʵ
ֲ
ƽʱҲôˣڣȫÿճﲡ˵ֻּ֣ܷơ
̶ͷҪ˵ʱҽƵʹҴ˹ΣʡеίԱᣬҪ齨֧ȥֳмȡ
ѾȥһǺȥˣһǹһƵȥˡ
һȥμˣ׼˭ȥҪˣʡ
̶ԣ۾Բˣ¹Σﻹֿɰ
ƳǿԺڵļﶼˣ̶˵ˣĲ˱֣ٺͶǧʢңϺڼƣȥֳ
û̶Ҳˣж˿Ȼ˷ֵģﻹп
˵ҲҪˡ
ҾֻʣˣٳȥһǾұҪˡ
ǹ涨һֳҽԺҪȥ֧顣
ϴѧ齨ļ֧Ԯûֳ֮ǰǱе˵˭ȥɲ̶ǲµΡ
ְλͱҪе
󣬻Ϻϲ̲֪룬߹ڵϲ̣ܳȥֳɡҲǿҵְIIȨޣһĶˡ
ڽգ
ϺελϸɹˣУֻûĥá
̶Ϻɻûǩͬ
ִҵµģǿҵһ˾ɶˡ
̶ȻϾǶ̨ȥ崴Ҳڲ崴ҲڲԱߣҪ㣡ϺҲ֪ǲѾ˳ܿܵ
԰æ̶˾
ȥ𣿡̶ܳɡ
ȥұȥܳһ
ʱɻľǲÿطÿλöҪǲ̶ȥֵ࣬ܳɶԸ⣬ΪҲͬҪ
ÿطҪ֧
ͰܳɵĲһץšžˣϳȥɣ˭찡
ϰܳһ120͹˳ţʾ⳵˾Ͻߡ
ʶܳɵģ֪СеʵҲû˿ãȻԺҲֳҽƵΣȻҪһЩ顣
ԺڲϵҺ͸ҽԺתҽʡ
һ૵£
Ȼת˳ȥҲţǵ֧顣ΪҽƵΣҪżҽƶ֮⣬кܶʱȨҪǩֵľǩ֣
ǩֵȥ绰ȥΡ

˳֮ܳɷ֣ˣСģҲʮˣһᡣ
ܳϳ˶Ƕһۡ
ǿôĸΣܳһ졣
λֵúܡ
ʦãǸŲ̶ʦģܳæء
£ϲ̰ǰϲ̵նСӣƣֻˣ˵⡣


һʮ ֻ·ˣ
ǿƵԱֻ飬ȻԺڵվãϺ飬Ҳʲôʵ飬˲̶˿ѾǹǶƲε飬ҽԺﻹûй㲼ڡ
ҪǻûҵһʵɣҽƸĴ˼ǣϺ黹ûгΪԺڴԾͱѹǰǲҪΪá
Ѿһʵɣһڹع
ǣ֮ǰǿƷһЩ飬ʵǲزסģͺñϺΪζȥѧ½ǵ飬ҽԺһʱ̸ʣҲ˷̲֮һ
̶Сֵֻ˵ĻôϺֶĸˡ
ܳɲ֪ϲ̵ĽȦܹ㣬ֻǺЦصʦʦҲŲʦǲʦϵĹࡣҽܳɡ
ܳ⻰ܳɶԻǸһ£ɴ۾ֹ
ܳڿʲôЦʲô飬ܳĹôᱻɵģ
ϵͳˣICUģԲ֪ܳʲôϻһƵΣܳɵ֣شһܳɺ
ԭǹǿǸܳŶǾѹˡ
ΣλСֵܿ˲ðǰʱ䣬ҽԺҽ״θϵͳĹƸIIȨ޵Ķ󣬾Сˡ
ܲǿƻʯξᵽ
Ƶļкü̽飬ÿѪʱ򣬻ʯϾͻὲܳɵ飬ôһע㣬Ժ󼱻ʱȵס
ǿƵܳᣬͶĻ¡
νع㷢ICUĸҽʦĿǰҲ飬ؿ˿ܳɼۺ󣺡ŶҽΪܹҽƵȺ̶Ƹ飬š
ҽԺʲôرĽѧҽԺһҽԺеоҲͼʮȲô͵ĽѧҽԺһǺüٸˡ
ѧҲһ㣬ʦİæ£Ҳֻǿ͵͵һIIҪҽԳȨǿ϶ǲյġ
ܳһ㣬ҪôǿҪôǼҾϵӲһ㣬֤ܳԺ嶤飬Ͳòع㷢Ϊһˡ
״ҲǷ׷׵ض࿴ܳɼۡ
û˵Ҳͺ֮ɫȻû뵽ܳɵݾȻסԺҽʦͬʱҲӣܳǿգֻΪϵĻ
ǽ죿
һƵҽڶع㷢Σ鳤ʱҪСܲźð
ܳգһǻģμȵĹǳʲô⣬һ鶼ҪΪǿɲϣġ
޹ʣ˭Ųϣܳɶء
ع㷢͵ͷһЭȡεԲɰɡй޹
ʱʡ齨ר϶ֳָӣֻҪñְͺˡع㷢˵ʱֱӿܳɡ
棬ûľܳˣܳûȥգȻȥˣǾҪعءĵúܣܳɲָӣͷһ¾ȥϹ㣡
ȻΪܹܳ˽⵽ԣع㷢ֵ²ʡ߶ӣǹҲָɶǰֳԶȹ̡
ԴҶҪ֪ԡһҪԼı֣һжָӡǧ򲻿óȻж
ãع㷢˵Щ󣬾ԡ
һ·ĿĵؿεʱܳɴӴ⿴˺ܶȻڷžϵشӸӿɢȥҸĵ·Ѿִ⹤೵һɽֹͨУ
һ·ߵ·մ˺ĳԹȺڣҲ»з̮ԲڼﶺġرԽ⻧
Ȼ·ҲٲȺƵΪڽֱšֱʿ
ȳܿؾ͵ֳ֮ܳɾͿ·ֳܱеҲ
˲ϵسžߣҴغҪȫȺ̽Ѱý壬͸ֵصľڶǶ¡
˴Ӿ´˹һֱֻһߴ󺰡
ǣҪȥˣעһֳעȻͱ˻ȥ
ܶطýҲˣھ߱Եǻý弰ʡڵýھֳܱ

ܳɵ˳󣬾Ͷˣ
Ȼ֮ǰع㷢Ϊô֪ԣѾ˵ֳ̮ǹƴԱߵһԽԽλþѧУĺϡ
һ¥ҹ̯ͽֱ߶гԿͣвٶѧ
ƺҹӵⲻ¥˰ᣬ¥KTV¥¥Ǽͥùݣ½¥Ͱ¥Ƕĵط
ѧУ֣ǴѧһСԽֵıƣͶǸѧѧ֮⣬ӦнְѧŮѻѣȻԱߵľĽܱԱ
ҲΪ˻ģҵѾõУѡ
ʱֵҹĵ㣬Ӧò٣·ˣҹ濴ֵĳԹȺھͲܳٿٵ߾¥ϴơ
ϣֳʱĵֳ磡
ܳɻûпֳںδ120Ѿų˳
ϵ·̧ŵܽ
иάĹԱϴš
ÿ㣬·Ҫ壬Ҫ·
˵ĳԱﾲӵĿǽߣﾲûᣬЩ˳ԱԸȽѵģ󺰴С
ҰҰˣҲˣҲ߰ɣһѪ˵ָָԼĸ첲׳Ŀӣûᡣ
ǣǵһϺ͵һֳ
ϺϻŲʣһֱҶ£߹·ע
Gңȥȱˡùңˣں档
ι磬滹иҪæġ
ҽ磬GǣֱڹŲʻŲ϶ģֱġ
Ҳ֪ĴǾΪ
Ȼ
Ҳʹı˵Ⱥʹشţڵͬ͹ұͷġ
в׼ȥҼˣļ󺰣ҶӣҶ档
ţҿԽȥæשѶѧ˵ԼŮҲСԽ֣ŵô󳳴ŵġ
أҲдԶƱŮ
С޴رİǣţͰְֵġ
Ҳڴضģһ㡣
ߣع㷢ѿһܳɵ˵ǵҪĿľǽȥפʵʩȴʩԲ˽вǩ
ع㷢һ˵ţĵǩ
̺ڣ
Σж˰֮ǰôƵǸҽʡ
Ƚȥ˲֪ҸϽжع㷢һ߻ظһߺ͸𾯽ͬ־Աݺ⣬ߺܿһӡ
ع㷢˴˽ȥҲҪſ͵͵洳ҲöܺͲӸ˻ȥ

Խǰߣܳɸſ־ųѪζû꣬ȽϸѪζȻЩ̱ǣرȺӵĻ¡
ûü⴦Ѫĵطζһ˵ζ
һ·߿ǽߣ·עϢĻߣҲҪ·нٶ΢е㻺
Ȼֳ֮ܳɲ֪ԭ鲢ûô򵥣¹ʵķأҲڵķһT·ڵĲڴλTʮֵĵط·ڵĽ洦
ܳɽλãһͨ·Ȼͨ·Ȼŵܡ
ȻſһۣռزСʮ׵棬3m4
ܳԶԶʱͷƤˡ
ôռػô㣿ⲻũĽֵϣпֵܳ
λҲĵĵط
ڿ֮ܳɾͿˣ֮ϣܶԱЩţ̫żؿ
ߣ·ϵԱͷѾɾڷ棬ȴǡ˼ˣ·ߣֳ˼֣һȺɫǩɪɪɫס
һЩʹȽϴˣ˻ɫıǩǻǱ֣ǱŽţǱŶӣʹ
м˺ȻŽžͱģǱǩڽŽķθգ
ֳкܶݵ˶ڴ󺰣ҪǰҪóȻǰ֮ǰ̤¶̮ˣһǧҪ
ȾǸûˣ
ķθհ
ʱ㡣
ġ
ȾˣҹæѸתˣ
ܲ𡣡

ع㷢˼״Ҫǰȥæֻǲſͱ֮ǰѾ˵˸ץסˣ˵Ǳȱ֣һҿ𣿡
˵ûϳع㷢˭·Ϳʼץ׳
ֻ⼸
һҪһȼ֢ߣ˵˾Ҫץˣع㷢ϻ
СܣŹȥɡع㷢һǼ֢֣ܳϺȵĲȷظߡ
ع㷢ɫһóȻëԼֻüͷ𣬾ع㷢ֱе㻵
ܳɾͰıǩŽ˿㶵õģΡ
֮ܳǰ̶˵ˣֳһָӾͺˡ
ع㷢ʲôʲôкҪʱ۹̶ģԸһжҪ
ֳȣԺڼȣǲͬĵطӵе豸ȫһ
ܳɾͱİ˸ˣع㷢ȥһߵȺ
ܳɱ쵽һ̮¥Աߵһ¥յʱĸˣһ˴űԱ߰ż䣬ﵷģҲ֪ڵʲô
ܿһѵİƺǴԱߵԺĽеƷһ߻˵ֻ⼸崴ˣ
ˣҪһ֣˭æܳɵ˵
⣿һԱߵ·еΪѡ
ܳɵǸ·˵ҽҸոҵһ֣㿴ʲ
ܳʵڱ˵ʱ;Ϥֻû취ȷոһҽܳɲŷӦĲ߮ô
ôߵֳ
߮ͷܳɵʱҲ⣬͵صͷòˣ
ţԼܳʶ飬ϵܳɣҪǻʽסɶ
߮ƽʱǿغܳɽܳɸģڣһֶ˷ѡ
˵ͱصְ崴õڵ׼˺
ܳæǰܣɨһֱۣӰ߮ڰѹĸϷɶδȻ˵ˡ
޾еĻȰѹɶܳʡ
ûУȰŰɣ˫׾Ͳˡ߮Ϸſ֣ȻҲ˲޾Щˣֱ𵶱޾һǯӣѼ⵶װ֮ȻȰ˿߸ϡ
͸˵Ĳشȥ˸ӡ
Ȼִ߮һԵĴǯӼгһµܣҲ˲޾ֱӵͨرǻڣ
ʱܳɾ˻̿ʼǺӼ٣ǻӾҡ
߮Ͽʼ룬ֱ߽ˡ8ַϣֻγɱպǻ
Ȼ㿴Һͬʱ̰߮һ˷Žװ˰뱭ˮ̲һǴ˷Ƥ֣
ܿؾγǻʽܡ
ͬʱ
ܳߣܳһ߿߮ǻʽܵʱܳɾͿֻ߮ҪһѪǯһ崴棬ѪǯģһԵּª
Ҳǯӣܳɾһ򵥵شĸ߰ѹɶס֮󣬱濪ʼڴᣡ
߮ǻʽ֮ҲǿܳһĻ
Ҫ֪ܳɴ˿̵˫Ⱦģܳɵ˫ֻ߽ԶˣȴѽỬѪܶˣ
ֽᣬܽ
ôȥģ
߮뵽ڼϵʱ˶ҽѧҽʦҲһе״ڴᣬеİ֮¡
ܳҲûֻͣĸ֮󣬾ͰǯӸȡˡ
˿ûѪɴ𣿶㣬ѹ£
ֻбɴˣȥȡˣûü߮Ŀ΢˵
λ磬ǹɶѺصģ˼򵥵ĴʱΣգ鷳ȸתһ£̶߮λ·к
ʲô㶣̲ƿ̲ܣͷƤţ
ܳɵ˳
̲̲ƿ⸽ûеãĶϰװˮǺˡ߮ظţе˵̲֣ûϸˡ
Ͳ̲Ӧƿϡ
·û򿴣ֱӰ˸̧ˡ
ͬʱֵߣͶʱ
ҽģ

߮ȫΪվĿɨˣܿͿһȫڳ鴤
̸߮˹ȥ鿴һͫ״СȻʼ
߮Ѿ˽ɫ֮ʱܳȴ̫ϰߡ
ΪҲ֪߮ԵʻԭոɶĽֹѪ󰡣ȻԼģϣлֵڷӡ
­Ѫװеô߮һۼ·
еֳ߮һ䣬ʮֲơ
Ȼ˸ˡ
ֹ߮
ܿ죬ֿ߮۵ģ˵ܳɣһ£۵ģǼ򵥸λһ£Саɡ
Сľ壬ҲǸСϰṩġװޡ
ܳǱ΢㶣Ϊոһӵĸлֵʵӵ̫ˣģı仯
ûüӦµջ񣬾ͱ߮ˣܳæ
߮ĸô౦ʣôö
װˮ̲ƿܣַǳٴ̶Сľ塣
߮ʣܳɣ̶λǸλλã
ǼȺȥϵģҸ˵ҪĶǺܿϵˣ˹
۵ĸλλλ
ԣҰɣ㣡
ܳ˵ţѾǿʼ˱Լʱ䡣
߮Ӹģֲ֪
۵ֳȣΪҽԼʱĹ۸λһ߸λһ߹̶ֻ֫־ͿֵĹ̶
߮ҲᣬϾͿʼ˸λֻǵһûгɹ
ȻٴһΣŹ۶ˣȷλĳ̶ȣһߵ´λλɣҸλʱ򻹻˷Щʱ䡣
ܳ߮⻰ʮ⣡
߮绹˵ֻе㲻̫˰
ã
һ֮˵ʱ̶ͱˣȻܳɺ߮һ߷ԸúϢһֵת򣺡Ǳ³˼ˣǹȥɡ
ãܳûüȥ׷߮Ϊʲô⸽Ϊʲôôöġ
ڵһҪĿģǾΪء
ңܳǣ߮絽һµݣܹû峡ġ
һߣܳɾͿϥؽڴ˵Ĳˡһ˫ϥؽڻһֻǵϥؽڵĻ
ڵϣԼ˫ţ۵ľֺ֮ɫ
ҽҽȾǣ
Աߣ˱ĸΧķθգƺûƵġ
״ܳɺ߮͵ˣһȵ߮ʣ·˻ô죿
͹˲ôˣֱӰNҵҵɶ¶ΣɡֱܳӸ˷˿ˮҲûԥ
Ⱦˣ
֫ȻȾѪܣ֫ôоĻᡣܳɵĻӹƵġ
ҽȾңˣȾҡ˿߮󣬶ͬžһ
ҲǶ߮ŲɣϾ߮¹һĵһʱ䣬͸ϵֳ˵Ҳжʮ˱˾Ȼ
ԣ˵߮紦ˣٻֵܼϾȻܻܲû취
߮ûģܵûˡ
߮ҲͲپˣ˵еʹҪһ£
û£ǣ
߮Ŵ˵˾͸оĵʹ
ʱܳɾͿˣԱһŮһҩܹˡһ˵ҵˣҩƷע
ֻм򵥵עˡһ߰Ѷ߮ʱһν˵
ˡ߮ϴ˸ӣ涼Ǿҩע10mlˮ
߮ʱЦȻһ࿨򣬾Ȼֱֳ
֮ǰǸǻˣԲûʹУûкˣѵģĻǻʹ
߮˵ֱһԵѪǯѪܸбգȻֱ棬ɿһѪǯһ֫Ļᡣɣ
߮ƽȴܳɵľþ޷ͻ
ţƣ飬Ҿ
Ȼ߮˽˵ȲһסȡһᣬҲȰסҲû취ǼҽĻܾݿˡ
˵ţֱ߮˴ȵĺ࣬һֵĽǶȣûƤĽ
һ߮سûпѪҺֻעһҩ˾͸оԼ˫֫ƺʧһ㡣
ʹڷ½·Լڴʮ˲ãո߮Ǿꡣ
˴ʹʹ
߮سĹУǸ˵ҩһʹҲˡ
ллҽҽҵĶˣ˿ˣ۾ứ
߮粻Ϊֻתһȵʱ򣺡ֻʹҽĲŻᱣס
߮ܿͿˣܳɸݻ˿ڴļΣڴϥؽڵԶȽλݣȻһλúѡ˼бա
Ȼʲôı仯֪߮ܳɿ϶ǰѹɶ˵Nбˣ
ûʣܳɲΪʲôܹ׼͵һҲܳɡ
ʼʩ
ͰһȺһ˵ĶҲˡ
ѣԷʱƽһȻһˮ飬ֱϣһ˵㣬ֻһȣ
ͲҶҲˡ
һУļҽǯӰֺ󣬿һۣô£
ܳɾͰԼһ顣
ܳɵĻǼҽһ
ٵģƺе㲻̫š
ʱȻӵĽŲȻһȺ΢΢ɢ߽һȺͲСˡ
Ϊ׵һ˻ֽڣҽƾһ飬ҪˡһҪذҽ͵С
ڼǸֲͬεˣҽơڵһ顣
ֽڵ˵ֻ˵Ϊ
ȻֽתͷһȦĲٰ⸽ҽԺλôĻ֢˾Ҫ΢ԶˣȻֲ̫ˡ
ֽ⻰˵꣬˵֢Ĳ˿־ԸߺǾֽͣõģѾʼԷ֯Ͳ˵־Ըˡ
ľ񣬵ʿ˾ܳ˾ܶ˶顣
ֽе⣬ҲЩпô˰æǲźðƾЩ˵ԶԶġ
ֻǲЩ֢Щ֢˵кܶ˰æ˻ص
ֽæ˵ɫǩģߵģϳǰҽƶٴȷԶת˺ɲԼ߼תҽԺ
ɫǩɫǩˣһɱɾȻת˺ͣҲҪϵλҪίԱȥЭźð
ѾίЭͨˣʲô⡣
ûˣֳȣСǣȳˣдξˣҪרŵˣֻҽһ飬ҲΪֽڿһЩֵơ
ȻۣǵģҲû취֮ǰ˵ˣܹȥΪ˱֮ǰз˲̤ѹ˵飡
˷ɢֽˣϽӹֳ
߮Ϊû״ӣ㱻һʱֳ
ʦҽܰæġ߮粢رԸߡ
СӣллģǼȻѾˡȥϢˡ߮ȥϢ˻Ϊ
ܳΪǸҽƶģǻʱֳֻҲû˰ܳʲô顣
߮类ȥʱΧȺڶ¶ƽ֮ǰ߮Ҹֶӣڰæţҽȹܶ˰
רҶȴûĻᡣ
Ҫ˵ʲôȥ۵ʱ򣬾Աߵ˶˵רŶӿɶϴѧҽԺͶҽԺרҶӣ˵˶ǽְƣͱ˰
ס
ŮŹԹԵر죬߮ȥıӰ΢е㸴ӣͣ˶š߮类Դе̫ƽ
߮类ͳ󣬼רҶӵ˾͸Ͻֳֻʼ˼ȵĹ
ͬʱع㷢ҲǿʼԼҽԺļȶӡ
ܿǾҵ˱ܳɣȻ˵СܣϽҪնӳȥв˷ּ˹ˡĹѾϴѧҽԺרҶӽˣ
ܳɵ˵ͷ˵˾䣺õģˣΡ
ܳɿ˿߮׼Щ̲ƿӡԼ׼СľЩªʩ΢ЦЦͳع㷢ȥˡ
ȻЩªȻû꣬Ҳۣܺ涼û˻ע⵽ǵĴڣᱻһӵ
ȻںͳֹֻǾһˣΪһ˵һ˿ڣú͹ףǶǴڵ壬ҲΧϰľ
ܳҲʼնӣҪּתˣ֢Զת֢ǾͽҽԺ
ȻѾ˳ת˵ʱ򣬻Ҫȷһģܹ֢˱͹
֢˿Բ鱻߹νб޻

ߵʱܳɵ˫ߵȺɨţ뿴߮ûС
߮Ĺ׺ص͹ˣȻֱӱȥˣ
Ҳ޿κε飬ררĿǣǴǰٷְٿεˣ϶ȥðȥһûҰ·ӡ
ܳǷǳרҶӵΪģֻǣϣܹ߮΢һ£߮òȼ˶ҽѧȰֱһˮ
ǣܳЩʧǣȺڶ࣬ͷܶټйԱʼɢܳɻûҵ߮絽ȥ
ңܳɵ˹λ֮󣬾ͷ֣ʵҪĹҲǼҪֻһĹ򣬾ͷ˵ͫ״С⣬Ͻϵ˾ͽľȻ˸ȥ
ǱԶȥҽԺĻͿܴˣǳпڰ·ϡ
ʱ˾˵壬˵ļҲʮֱʹ
ÿһλҪã


һʮһ ƽ̵̨
øлֵлֵ1
øлֵлֵ1
øлֵлֵ1

ܳ߮ھ˫ϥؽڼϥؽڻʱ߮ܳǸҵʱ޾Ѫǯбա
ʱģϣܳɾͿڲϵ
һܳɾ߱ˣеʮߵݺѣǾԱߣһĻԵĸл֮ģԲǸлֵӵĸ
ʱڣܳپռ㼸ٵĸлֵ
һʱҪĸлֵ10㣬ڶ20㡣
ڵס뵸ҪĸлֵֻҪ100㣬֮ܳǰѾ۵91㣬еĴ󲿷֣ܵĩƵ
ǵգܳɾøлֵﵽ100㣬Ҫȵ졣
¹ʷͻȻػ526ĸлֵ
Ҫĸлֵ100ĸҪĸлֵ500㡣Ϊ֮ǰ91㣬ܳɾ
ֱǣ
ؽƸ
ѡ̻һܣ̻󶨣ٴοģ⸱ǰռóʼܺͲѡ
Ҿѡ̻ܣѡһܽй̻
ʾһļܻǹ̶Ϊѡѡ񸱱ѡ
ʱģУâ˸ʱʾҪѡĹ̻ܡ
ɵʱܳɿûȥԥҪ̻ĸܣп϶£ȻҪúõشĦһµģ¼Ȩģ̻һ͹̻һ
ûô˼ᡣ
һܵĹ̻ԼʱԿ

ҽѧģģмܣȫΪܹԼҽҽĸǵһϸҽ
һϸҽǰᣬ
ȼļܣβĻôҽûõģ
˵ֻǵΪ˺չúãȥηηβʱ䣬ԼĲˣûоôôãǶ޼µġ
ÿһǶһ޶ģǸиĿ࣬ÿһиԵ財
㹻ľηǶԼء
ԣܳûȥ뵽Ҫ̻һܣ
Ҳûȥģ̻ĸܣ
ֱٸлֵ˵ĸ
лֵ㹻ɿĸң¸Уѡһ
רƸ󸱱ս⸱˸ΪרƸ
ܳɿ꣬һϲ
ڵʱûлֳõĶܳ΢еʧ
鵽ʱ١
κһҵǿǰڻۣҲ֪ʶĥǹǲȡġͺñ߮磬ԷǳݲȵӦԼͲС
ǰڵĻˡ
ַֻۣһǺȣȻпȡ
ܳɵļܼˣҲ֪ʶĺȣ϶Ҫ߮ģܳɵеסȼļܣǳã
֪ʶĿȣ˵ʵܳɣ϶߮Ȳ̫
֮ǰȻͨģḶ́ƣˣѧʶҲƵȫ
ȻȺͺȵĻۣ˵ϵĸãȵĻ۸һЩ
ͨҪ֪ʶ񣬻һܣҪʱȥѻ
Լơ
ֱܳѡˡս
ĸѡ̻һܣ̻󶨣ٴοģ⸱ǰռóʼܺͲѡ
Ҿѡ̻ܣѡһܽй̻
ĸܳȻûٹغķ˼ȥʲô̻ܵ飬ֱӿ˵ĸģ⣡
ģ˼·ܳɸûκε׼ǡ
ģḶ́ԵģҪԼǶţֻҪһʼģ˼·ͷ򼴿ɡ
ǣ
ܳɹʼʩ
Ȼϴģ֮ģ˵ˣͬٴγ֡
ûиõģ˼·ģⷽʽ˼·ǹʼʩȥ߮סѧٶǶٶ
ַܿ͵˽β
ܳɾֻü
ģ⿪ʼ

С顮ءĺ벻ʣķڷáĤݡķʽֱߣʮꡣ
Ӵܱ֮ʼ飬ԼѧСʮĳһ죬дһʱѡ˽ѡ
ģۣк޳ܡΪƽ䡣һΪѧϰֶΣΪƽѧ棡޼ҵΪ
ѡһ
⼼ܣ¶壩ĺڣ£¶壬븱޲ݣ
⼼ܣ¶壩ĸڣ룬ǳ˿ΪĴʣҲĴʣ븱޲ݣ
ҿ
ģ⸱ʲô
ܳɺ뷭ȥûʱ䡣ǴҴҿһջ
ķθͨ
п
˲˲Һ飨ͨ
ѧļȼܰȼܡԭܰΪȼ˼ܰ븱ݣ
ͬСĸ̷＼ܣɱΣӰ٣ͽر֮һ
ͬźȼܰͨΪСоѧʶϣЩִ
񹲷ߣ
ۿ
Үҵʲôôģ۶һ񹲷ߣ
ǣǰ˻žȣ¼ȨܳҲȲģ͹ۿģˣֱӲ뵽˼ȵĹ֮С
üܰȼܰͨķθķ˼ȷ˼ȡпǻʽ­Ѫİ

ǰȽ֮ܳɱ㱻ع㷢Ȳ˵ն
ҪĹȷת˲˵Ķת·Ƿȫ
ȻֲǾԵİȫҪΪ˱֢˵Ĳ鱻͹Ȼѡȷת˷ʽ
ܳһ߰˸תߵĲ˺ס֢ʵп­Ѫ׵Ĳ˽ҳԶ;תˣͨ120ȳתͣҰѲ˰ȫ˳פҽ˽֮
΢
ֻǣڵȻֻôû̫๱׶ȵĹ
Թ۵ȺڣϵͶصĿ⣬ܳɵĸлֵȻƮ
øлֵлֵ1ǰлֵ140
øлֵлֵ1ǰлֵ141ע⣺ĸܹ600ĸлֵ

ܳɿЩлֵ˵ɰģЩͨȺǵĸл޹أ޹ء
Ȼû˵һ仰˿̣ܳɵҲЩůůġ
ͬʱиҽԱϵԺܿٴνܳɵĹ
ˣǴһĽҽƶӵģǿܳɴȶӶеķκ󣬱ܳɵݡ
ǰҽԺҽƶӵģڸת˲˵󶨼ܳæص
ΪڶԷȺУһǽڣǼָŶҽרԱ֮һӵжֳҽԱָȨ
һжָӡ
Էʮ꣬ܳɵĻظֿ˿ͺ󣬿˵õģ֪ˡϽصԼĶ飬ҵԼĴӵĶӳִ񡣡
˵꣬λָԼļˣܳɵĹ
Ȼתˣûٸܳɰκι
ܳдʱһҽԺļˣȴѾǶܳɵĹֻתͷܳɼۣû˵ʲô
ܳɵɫһ󣬶ĵ绰
ع㷢ģСܣֳѾʡҽרӹˣҽԺ绰ǻԺ뵽ԺУ
绰ع㷢Ҳ̫á
Ȼûжĥɱ¿ôأǰҽԺ˱ͬСǿһеģȻʲôû˵飬ȴѾֳһ㡣
õģΡＯϣ̻ܳӦ
ع㷢ڶֻܻܣʲô
ͬΪףͬɳУһģģʡҽʡʡͯԿҽԺϴѧһ
ЩҽԺۺʵǱҽԺĺãǵרŶӵˣҽԺֳҲֻ㣬ǾͰع㷢˳ȥ
Լ˼ĵص֮ܳɾһصϣһ°Լʶģд
пЦ
Ϊܹ뵽棬Ȼû̫׼Ҳ׼İ
ڿѾӵһĵλѾIIȨޡֵࡣϼҽʦĳŵ
Сڵλġͽڵڶ£뿪˵ǰס飬ȥʡڵ֪ҽԺʼѧϰ
ϼҽʦַȰ裬㲻ΪһС
㵽µλȻδѧĿҼʦ֪ݣܿ뵽ŶУܿͻϼҽʦӣ
õIIIIIȨޡ
ºĳһ죬ĵʦķ֣ȥ˼ƣң㻹ĺüС飬һȥ˼ƣ
ҿ
ܳɺеˣΪλᱻΪ񹲷ˣ

ȲкȥϴѧҽԺգȥ˼º󻹰߮ͼͬѧˣ
TM˸ɵ£
ĵʦ㣬µʦΪӣ˽ڻŹһĻѣ
Ȼţ˲ŵȴֶߣѧУ͵λǣ
ҽԺ쵼У쵼Э֮£ǳɹ˼ƼѧϰңΪǵרҵʵǣǺܿͻ˼Ƶӡ
һ֮׼㾺ѧͬ󣬳ɹõ˳ѧʸСʽʼѧ֮·
㵱ǰĻ̫٣ɹͨѧλĳλϼλС֪飬㷢ִͬУ
عˣ
ǰõ˶ӵ̿ңؾʽʼ˹ʱ¡ŮѡߣɹǱĳλŮ쵼λ
һ㽨ԼĿ顣㿪ʼСͺ͵Ǹ˵ı⡣
֮СʱϵѧϣƹҽƼֿڷ˳ɼǰѧ
ºĳһգС鷢֣ɹرһλòȨߵŮУĴϣ㣬ȴõ˶Ŀʽ𡣡
ĺѷ㳹׾ѡ
һɹõ˲ʿѧλ󣬳ɹΪѾõѧλѧܿؾ͵һҷǳ͵ĵλ
Ͼ뵽˴ʽ֧֣һ˴˲ʽ𡣴˿̵㣬ͨٴȤǿʼжʵ飡
֮ѧɹɹǶ綥ڿĽ˶ּȼҿ˶Լļ
ʮ֮С龪ѧɾͣٴηĳɼݷʱڷΪ
㲻ڽл嶯飬ΪԼ¼ͼܣδѧ£ٴʼˡ塯飡
ʣߴٷ֮ˣ
ͬʱͬ鿴ѧʼָ壬ʼȻȴȻһ뵽Ŀ飬һѧʵ飬ͬ¶弱ҽѧ컨塭
ǣˣ㲻֪򣬵Ʋ⣬ĺûйءĿΪĺܶоֻ·;УδԲ
Ļ飬ͨ鿴ıʼǺָ壬һŮѲ
Ļ飬ͨ鿴ıʼǺָ壬ڽлֲ飬ȻȫһжǺϹϷģס
Ļ飬ͨ鿴ıʼǺָ壬֣ļӣ˸⣬ɲɵضڵ̨ϡ
С黹֡

С黹֣ô꣬δΪԼһֲƸδΪԼκҽѧо֮κ顣
ܾκνܾне£ֻ£ֻΪѧĽ
niaNIMAŶ
ܳɿ㲻ȥˡ
ֶĪ˵ܹԼļˣԼطܳҲģңֶǿ֮󣬿϶Ӱ쵽Լĵģ
ڡ¶塣
ڡ¶塣
ⴿһѧӡ


ܳﰵֱӰЩֶɨˣһЩùӵ飬ȥ
ңܳĬĬ﷢ģ飬ԼԲܹʶȥΪʲôԣģ⣬Ҳԡ
ѧҽеĻ
ЩǶǿԴݻٵĵĶһӰ죬пԼԴ䣬ΪҽѧΪȫҽƽĴ죬ŷ飡
˻ţ֮ˣΪˣԡ
ܳһߣһĬϣԼһθĨȥκμ䡣
һεĽģ⣬ΪżΪ̫ϣΪûкܺõؽģ˼·ת䣬ԾȻôıʡ
ģ⣬Ҳٴγ֡
ģʵ໥Ӱ죬໥ӦܳɾԲܳΪѧӡ
ڣڼ֮ܳɵع㷢˵Ļ۵ء
ع㷢Ѿվܳɺع㷢Ͷ֣ʾϽһˣҪնӻȥˡ
ߣҽƶӣɵؽŸָļȹ
СܣǱûʲôɣĻһҪһʱ㱨
ֳָӵҽרҶӣҽԺģʲô£סģع㷢ĵģܳСᣬΪֻȶء
˶ˣ֪ԣûд󹦣޹ܳ
ܳɾ͸Ͻ˵ΣҾֻпͷ­˵ˣͨ120תߣģûҶûл֡
ع㷢һû־ͺãûźá֡
ڼȻѾ˽ӹˣǾֻҪת˺Ժڹͺˣֳʮֻңⶼпܷǻ뿪ɡ
ոǱ߻һҽԱֽ˴ȣû˼ɶ
ع㷢Ȼµ˵
ҽԺ𣿡ع㷢ԱߵˣϽʡ
ع㷢ҡͷ֪ӦòҽԺģ·ʱϸһ£úܡ
Сôûع㷢ֿ˿ʱ䣬Ȼǲ롣
ҽԱȻ˺ֵͬ飬ⶼ⣬ҷʱʵֵǣΣյġ
Ҳö˵ֻ˵Եְڡ
Ҳ˵ҽԱûΣգͲУҲ˵ûˣͲֵþأ
λѡ
ع㷢׼ҪеСŴ绰ʱܳɵĵ绰ͻȻΪֳеӣܳɰԼĵ绰ܴ
ʱκʱпܽӵͬĵ绰˵绰ǾԲܹػġ
һʾȻİĺ롣
˽˵ֻţİģɳСܳɿع㷢һۣع㷢˵ʱĵ绰˭ģӰɡ
ιáܳɰѵ绰˶ԡ
ãǰҽԺǿƵܳҽϴѧҽԺƤɽһǳȵ
ְֻĺƤƤɽ
Ƥô
ܳǰ֪Ϊ˵ЦܳɣƤʦá
֪ôƺԷһʦý⡣
ģ·ֳҽԺҽ˵ҲڸִһǳѲĲˣҽϣܹæ֡㷽𣿡
ʲôλƤɽ˵Լ˼󣬺ֱʡ
ܳɰֻ΢ÿ
Ƥڣ׼ҽԺҽƶӹԺǴӵξԱߡ֪ܳԼڱҪع㷢ָӣ԰ֻ˰ء
ֻܰתǵĴӶӳһԺ˵ƤɽһͷЩ
˵ļ϶˵һ䣺ڲ˵ô
˵áҲ֪˭ظģȻƤɽҲǿ˵ġ
ʵع㷢Ҳ֪Ƥɽ˭ع㷢ҽԺҽƶӵġڽӵҽԺܵȵ绰׼նӹԺִԺڼȵ񡣡
ãƤɽ¹ʵеμҽƶӵҪҽƶӽһˣ㿴бҪĻ
ҿҽԺԺǵλͨϣܹСҽֳæƤɽʽ˵
ع㷢üͷһ塣
Ƥɽ˵ԺϴѧҽԺԺҲǹǿƵĴΡʡҪ齨ʲôרŶӻҽСĻһ㶼ڴӡ
ã֪ˣƤڣСֳܸҽԺܵȽйͨͻ㱨ҽԺܵȻϵع㷢Ҳ֪׸ôΪá
Ȼ֪ƤɽΪʲôҪָյҪԼĲ֪أСܳɣ
ǣ˿¼ȨҲָܹӣǣܵȸӹԺˣҲֻӦ֮ٴ绰ȥ
ãллˣΡ
鷳תСһ£ϸ·ֳһ߽ӦƤɽ˵꣬Ҷ˵绰
ع㷢ɫԱضܳɽ˵Сܣȥ֮˵һ£ǧ򲻿šһҪнֹ𣿡
ܳģˣѪԵģ棬ѪһǺأǵλģ
Ȼ֪ܳΪʲôᱻʱҪߣҪܳý
õģΣ˺ѽĻһ绰㱨ʾģܳϻظ
ǱȥģˣܳҲ֪ǴŰҽԺ
֮ԿԹȥҲΪ߮˹ȥԭ
ع㷢û˵ʲôֻܳɡ
ܳɫӵؼ·ֳϡ
һߵʱȴѾûʲôˣֻиľ¥Ͽ֣ܵƵʣҲ𽥽ͣ
Ϊ˻ѾϣǺ£ҲǺ¡
滹еˣһأ⣬Ѿģ߼ˣ
Ѳ
ңܳɵ˼Ȼڼܶš
ʵһǺܱͲпʵ
ҽƶӸ֮߮ΪûдȷԱˣϴѧҽԺҽƶӸ֮߮ȴ¹˼ȶ飬ҽԺְȴҪ滻
߮ȥܳɣھֻлߣع㷢һʰؼң
ƽ̨
Ȼ仰˵Ҳǵ̡
ϴѧҽԺ֣ǵκһطӵžصĵλںδ뼱ȣ¶ᱻӵ
һһϴѧҽԺǰĽɽ͵
ֶҽԺûУٴģ
ΪҽԺʡҽɳҽԺȻʡһףȻλһףҲٱ
ţܳ˷渽
ܳһαסˣĸӵģʲôȥ
סܳɵһŶԽҽƶʱƵˡ
ϴѧҽԺƤҽȥҽܳɵġܳæأѾڶαˡ
ĸƤڣ˵֡ԷƺڽֿɲʹȥʲôںȥӦ
Ƥɽ
ŶԽ˿˿ܳɣԶԽһ䣺Ƥɽڣһܳɵˣн𣿡
ܿ͵õ˻ظǵģ鷳ܳҽŽʱģûüӣлл
ܳűߣܳʱŶԽ˻˵ȻʱһӴã
õģܳɴҴн;ÿ˼
ܳȿǸֽ˴ȵҽߣԱߵڽŸֽԱ߻м·̧ŵܣ׼ŰɴͱЩңȴ
ʣԱ֮ǰҪ̫ࡣ
ܳɳһڿ߮硣
߮һ˴˿Χһ洦˵ֱס̫󣬶һĸֽ֯
ֳ֫ɣ֫Ϳûˡ
˻ƺţҵ֣ҵֱء
ϵʹһ飬һջ
ܳæ߽Աݣܳɣ
һ˵һ߿߮磬߮˿ƺ׼ֳ
⻰ʱ̧߮ͷ˵ܳˣϽæ֫ڹǿƵֲ
ƤƵģƵġ߮æ͡
ҵרڿ̽Ϳ­һ飬λ÷𣬵ǣƻĹǿƵĻѪʱ˿ɹܿزס
Աڰæ߮磺ɣС
ǣ
ԱߣȻԱڳܲܰѴĻſƺ̫ˣеĸֽгصãˣˣͺпܵ˺
Ϊ˾һֻ֣ȥðյ顣
Ҫʲôֳ֫𣿡ܳҿһۣԾͿʼڷٵط
ȻôҪã
ֳ֫ȴǱе֮󣬾תȥҽƳӣʱң߮˵
ҽƶӵֳ֮Ŀɲͨ120Ǵ͵а͡
֮м򵥵ļ豸Խ޾
ܳɽű㿴ѹĵطѪȻѾɴڽذ˿ڸסˣȻƺûȫﵽֹѪЧ߮˿ֻ̱ȥĲ
ܳɿϾ͵߮ĶԲ࣬ȻͻȻ˵
磬ֽܲܰһ㣿¶϶ֱӰָ
Уְǰﱻסˣ鲻Աߵ˵ܳ鶯ĻǾͰߵĻŪȻָȡˡ
ܳɴž˵ĻƣѹҪ֫ԭֱסˡ
ܳ˵ȰѪֹסǿܲܰ򿪵㣬ȻѴ͸ĸֽһԲ
ҪôŪԱߵƤɽ㶡
ոպ߮綼ȷˣﲻңϲôãתҽԺС
ѽ˵Ķ˷Ѻܶʱ䡣
߮磬ûܳһʣͬʱ۾ѾƳ߮򿪵崴ĵӡѪǯеˡ
ˣٵȵȣλò̫öλ߮˿ϸڻţ
ǾʹƤɣһͺˡܳһڴ޾ףһ߮ʽ
Ҫ֫ȷҪֻͣҪѶסʱĻֻҪ·λõþͿˡ
ֲķΧ󰡣ڿԳ롣߮翴ܳɣٴȷܳȷĻôˡ
һԣΧúܴ󡣡ܳĿ΢š
߮̾Ͱ˳ȻҲǶܳΪΡ
ԱߵƤɽˣһĻͷƤе飬Ƕ֮߮Σ֪߮߮ܳɣ



һʮ ˵
ȣֻǼ򵥵֣Ķȴ̫ࡣ
̣ͿԷֳɣֳȡת˼ȡԺڼȡ
ԺڼֿԷֳɼڵĴרƴ
˵ҽԺ󣬲㹻רҽиרƵרƻܵõҽ
Ժڼ֮ǰֳҲãת˵;ҲãҽԴ޵ġ
ͺñڣǾȫʡ֮齨רҽƶ飬Ҳ޷֤ÿ˶ܹӵרΪٷȨҽܵһʱ䴦
ûôˣҲʱҲôˣǡ
ޣ̫ĻôͻǳӵӰ͵󼱾ȵ̽У
ǣּܸȣֻһĿġ
סǱס
ȾβǼͼĻ⡣
ڲ˴ﵽר֮ǰеһŬΪ˱
֮Ув֮һݿˣرʧѪԵݿˣ
ʧѪݿˣϸ˵һʱۻģʧѪḶ́Ҳ˵ÿൢһӣͻóһѭѪȻƿڴѪҺ뿪壬ȫѭѪ𽥼١
ٳɶ࣬Ҫ
ԣʱ䣬ҲĻ⡣
ǣֳܹȵĹУѪֹסôἫ̶ȵؽݿ˵ķգת˵120ȳϣѭѪĲ̶̣ȵؼֵ㵽ҽԺܵרҽơ
סһ
Ķ
߮ܳɵĻС벽ʣô
ܳҪģʵѪֹ̽Ѫ
ֹѪֹѪеֹѪֹѪʽܳҪģΪˣֱӰѪֹѪ
ǷǳЧĻеӦأƱҲִҽѧ֮һ
ֱ۵һֱֱǡ
ڹŴŮһҪȥĿҪգһˮ˨ǲѪ
˨ļʲߣ㷢ҲҪ˨ĴСȻPCIӦԡ
ǣĴѪڽİ£˨ӦĶ̶ȵؽ˲ʣֱ۵ı֡
ܳҪŶʵҲͬ˼·
Ѫ̽飬һǿƵоֳ
ªػӣֹѪõĵûС̽ʱҪٵһվƴٳѪݿˣ
ܳɴ˿ѾףָָԱСƿװϵ⣬˵СпڣԴƼ϶бա˳ĻҲһӶʱ䡣
ûм⵶ԲĽ룬ѪǯƿѪܵķսСܳ⻰ǶƤɽġ
ƤɽСӵӣܳ߮й֣ԣҪȵƤɽͬ⡣
ƤɽһֻҪһӶʱ䣬̵ҽϽ㰡ȡʱĻ߾гʱֱסˡ
ԱߵļԱ⻰˵ʱԣĻǶʮӣǿ԰ָóġ
ǲУ֮ǰֻ˵ʱŪ˻
ʮӣ˭֪Ѫ
ˣֱסˣʲôãʾϼרҶӹ˵Ҫ֫˸ߣֳ֫ĳ棬Ϊ˵ġ
ȻʶҲټʶһΡ
߮û˵ƤɽĻĬĬذϵǼߵ·ѾϺɫϵ˲·ƿڸմȾֵɫ
꣬߮޾޾ɴãŵ顣
˰벽ͷȥܳɵβ
ܳ˵ü򵥣ƤɽظҲ򵥣ֻ߮˿ڲͷԷ籩
С£ܹƿ϶ִﵽȥֱ𶯾бյ񾭣ⶼǹؼ㡣
һֶӣ
ڣܳһУǡ
߮ȻʱܳѾΪؿ˶λ־пһ׵ĿӣеƤµ֬㣬š
Ѫܿ˿ڡ
ܳûоᣬϾѪǯ֬²һȦͳһĿ϶ֻ֮Ѫǯ·ǳ۾һأ˽ȥ
Ȼܳٴΰڶ˼β֮пڵķһζһ£ƺƿ֮ĽĤ
ܳɵ֣ٴβȥһѪǯѪǯλãҲѪǯͽȥ֮һְѪǯ򿪣ſļ϶ϣҲǺͽȥѪǯ
꣡һбˡ
Щܳһ
ոһ£и¼бҸ
ǣһѪǯĻûиˡ
һֻǯӣһࡣ
£ͷ촽˳ѾбյһѪǯŲ
ڶ󷽡
СشѪǯǯͷСһΪҸҸһҸʣҪƿһ͵Ĥ׼ȷбա
ܳII棬Ƚȫ棬֫֯Ĥù죬ˣָС
ٴһ¼б֮ܳɲŻ滺һ
Ȼǿ֮ǰ˿λãɴ˺С֣ѪѾˣеѪǲѪҺ󣬱ŵˣѪѾʱֹסˡ
ܳǶ߮˵ģҲǶƤɽ˵ġ
Ѫѹ⣬ѪѹвԵĻͨƤɽ̶Աߵһ·Ļʿ
õġŮʿҲᣬѪѹĵӲһֱŶԲࡣ
ͬʱԱŻֱϷŽļǯӣ˵۾ʣͿҪʮӣ
ʲôЦ棬Ͳˣ
ⲻ൱ֱӰͱ
G⿴ǯӰ˵ֱ۸ͱˡ
ҽְҵ棬ΨһֱܹӶƵĿĶ˺˺ְҵ
ҽУ֮⣬κְҵҽڣֻҪԻ˶ǹ˺
ҽֻܶ˶
Ѫֹס˵ĻʮӦްƤɽȻǹǿƵģҲƵģб֮ʧѪ޵Ļô൱ֵֻѪܱ˨סˡ
֫ǿԶһѱ֫ļʣ׬ˡ
ʮȫʮֻˡ
ˣȻ˳һҪǰϵõܣҶת˵ҽǯӣǰһܶƤɽֹһεزֳȹҲǸǳˡ
ǻ鷳ˡСܣ˸ߣȥ֢ˡƤɽæ˵
õġܳɻأΪԼֻܳеԹע⻼ˡ
õƤڡǻʿҲص
ƤɽѾǻͷˣҲܳɵĻӦΪ˽ʡʱ䣬߮磬ܳɴϣܾ꣬
ܳɫԺ̧ͷźߣʱ߮ûͷܳɣܳɸ磬һȥɣĲ˻٣ֳֻа˸ҽƶӡ
ĻʿܾǶܳЦЦ˵˧磬ŶǱҡոƤڽе
ܳҲһЦȻ߮Źȥˡ
ܿ죬˾͵һ˵ǰˣǰϸǰرһֽᴩţһʱˣ֮ǰһֱû˸õ
Ϊᴩλòõؾڸ฽֮ǰҽˣǲʺֳصֽġ
ֻܸµ
õȥеĻֽ΢ֱӰɱˣʲôҲҪѿ
٣кüרȵķ
ĿǰһȽϺõϢǣֽûƵȻĻûк¸ѵĺ֮ˡ
ͬʱŵмؽλ
ۿɼλ߽߮Ƥɽ˾ȥ۸ȵˣ߮΢һ󣬶ܳ˵ܳɸ磬λַλŪ𣿡
ܳüͷŪҲû尡λҳģعƶйۣǵпλĺðɡ
G֮ǰǱȥôֽˣܳɲʳԼ⡣
Ȼոյһģ֮У߮ϣȫԼġң߮ˣǲ򵥰һ˶ֳܹȵ
ûĽ֮ǰҽԺڵǸǶĿķΧأ
ָ
߮˵ҾԱߣ׽ϳˣͰҴ˶澾ˡ
׽ڽ٣ǹǿƵĴΣҲĿǰԺҲҽר鳤ҸƤһ뼱ȹ
Ŷƣ߮˵ţԼϹŵӣæӿڴͳһݸܳɣܳɹϡ
ܳɺ߮ʱǱߵԱѾôѸֽgaжϣˣһ
ͬʱ΢ضñ͸˾һʹະ

ԲԲԲۣ
Ү
˻ȻΪȫůŹס
ûЦ˿ǿ޳ҲûЦۣ˵裬϶Ҳۡ
Ķͷϣϸͣð
ֽµ֮һˡ
˲÷Űƽ൱ڸֽû£Ҫ˵൱һѽ治ϵذγš
ܶ÷š
ͬʱܳɺ߮ͻע⵽Ƕˡ
Ĵ˿ѪģţںɫѪڶƤ裬߼λ۵ģڽŵأϣܹסԼ
ҽŹˣֻźͬϺűеҡ
ƤɽȻڸ̧ţйۣһ߾ͺ۵øܲˡƤɽһţߵĻ֫۵øغ
ҪҪˣ
ֽº˰
ʹʹʹʹ
ⲻǺʹʹ˵ֹֽС
Ƥɽ̸֪ôͳļȰˣʱֲá
״ܳɺ߮Ͻǰȥæ
ұ߲࣡ұߵĸ첲Ǻõġ
ҽŹˡƤɽúðܴ˿Ҳʹ
ƤڣҲȲ֫ǣʹ˵ܳһ˵ţ˶ֱӹ˵ϡ
ǣûиǣĴڵ棬ֻ˫ͬʱǣ
̶Ա˵ǵܵмһ鲽пٰǰĸֽµһأ⡣ȻøֽƿĿȥƽתˡ
ڳôŪת˵ļҽָϽʡ
ֻֿƽɵƳ㲻ܰѴжɣжףûȶ˰͡
ת˳ϣǰհɡûð취ˡܳɼŰ취
Ҫ͵ҽԺȥ
Ƥɽ˵ҽԺϿ̽飬Ҫ̽м䣬ǧҪذˡ
ܳǣĶλᣬеæ߮Ը߮磬һСа̶
߮ʶˣûȥ֮ܳǰҪܵλãǰѸոոһظֽ˹̶ܳǣ״̬£һ֫أɴ
ܳһķӣԱСذ߸ɾжˣҰѵܲŪһ顣߮ʱ̶
ת˵˵ϡ
лл˵ʹ΢⣬ʼܳɵ˵лԱ̰˸ˡ
ܳڵϣڴŴҲǼΪģΣܹʱλʹ࣬תԺĻᣬǺõġ
ֳȣܹĲޡ
ֻǰ֮ܳǰ˵ϣȫǻҳѹŪˡ
߮״ֻ˵ȥǱٻһװɣҳԺĲ˲áҲ΢Ϣһ¡
ܳɵ˵ͷƣ͹ȥ߮ķ˹ȥΣΪƣֱܳϳһ··֮²
ȻܳɾͿһһµһѪ
ͣ
ͬˮ
ֻǣˮΪģˮģѪҲ8000mlңʧѪ˰ٷ֮ʮҲ1500mlңͿԴﵽݿˡ
ҲƿͨȪˮ
Ѫ𽥽͡
ԱߵһȺͷϺ϶ѪѪҺ˳䡣
εδ𣬷·ˮ
ֳܿžͱơ
ֹѪֹѪ㣡סѵĶ
ԱߵҲϽȥæ
˼һѣܳɺܹȥǲӰǿ˻߮ڵķȥˡ
£
ǸƤɽģˡ
ȵܳɵ߮ߵʱǱ߾һʮֹûˣطȲ
ȥһ
ûˡ
ܳɵһ
ȻҽԺӴٵˣ״µԼʧͷһ⡣
ǲпġ
ܳٴθϵʱ߮ƤɽǱʲô˺ûˡ
΢еԶһдΧȺںżͣʵең̫
ƤʦҲһ·ʱֻжѪȻҾ͸ϹˡܳɶƤɽ͵
Ƥɽڸһ˼򵥵شŸĿ˿ڣܳôظͷܳһۣĸҽԺģһѧ𣿡
ƤɽΪܳ߮纰ģҲ߮ͬѧʲôġ
ּܳɹеǿĴ϶ȻûԣͲܳ͸顣
̫ˣ̫ˡ
ƤʦǰҽԺģࡣܳɻء
Ƥɽ֮ǼԼĲȥܳ⻰ٴжԼĲȻͷܳһۣӣ
Ƥɽû˵һ֮󣬶Զܣ
Աߵˣ͵ƤɽԸѲתߣֳֻļȴȻʮҪƤɽרҶӴһ£ļʻ̫ࡣ
Ѳת˵˵ϺƤɽ֣˿ܣ˲ڰ˸ֳҽƶӵ£Ѿӽβˣûв˺
еģֻ滹ΧˣƤɽһ˵ȥԱҸطϢһ£Ȼ϶һսҪ򣡡
Ƥɽûȥ˵ȡ
ܳɺ߮
һ˵ıϣ˿ʼתˣ󲿷֣ˣӦѧģǵı죬о֣к£еûӦ˾ûˣ¶ʹɫûȵΣ
٣ֶ룬˵һҪһʱƽд;Ρ
ʵֳҪֽεĲ˷̯֮󣬲رĶ࣬һЩߵԱҲʼˡ
ڵתѹһؼСˡ
Ƥɽܿؾһطں˵ӣпȪˮʳ඼Щ
ȻܳһƳʳܻȻ޻ǣһ֪ǸĴĺ͹ߣ
ӦǸľ͹ġ
ܳɿʱƤɽҲˣһ£Ȼְ£šһȪˮƿӣ˫ĿͬӥһѰ
ƺڿҪҽæһ߿ʼˮ
߮΢һ²ӣڳУֻܾһˣǹʱģǵһʱ͸ϵֳˡ
ҲһڻȻڻĲͳһˮ̯װġ
ЩԱߵ͹İɣ߮ʡ
ȴû˻ƺ˶ڴű𴦣û˼Ӧ⡣
ܳһ˵ǵġ
ܳɻ˵ţ¥վΧ۵Ⱥڣһ裬ʣҽGҽǶҪҪ棿
˺ܶࡣ
Ƥɽ̧ͷ֣лл֚ǲ
ƺеźˣԿﻹڵˮðҲ֪ǲѾ˹ˣҲ͵ˡ
ܳʱҲˮ洦ʱ˺ܶ˴ŰȫñֳŲָӡͼֽѰߵȹ
ǣеĲת£ֻ￴Ϸˣ
ҽȻɵҲǲҪȥԱĻĻֳĲ뼱ȹţҲˡ
ҵר
ƤɽŵʱĶԽٴпеѪҽûУеĻʮһҽƳ
ͨڽӴļȳǼȳͨ120֣ʵȳֳͽġ
ҪһЩȫҽԺ͵Ĳˣǣҽֻڴ¹ֳСֳҽʱ˾Ϳûˡ
жԲһһͣĻͣˡ
ƤɽԣͿ߮һۣСȥ𣿡
ϴѧҽԺѪƵʵ΢ԵñЩֱԵģҽԺȣȻǸʤһֻȫʵȵĻͨһ
Ƥɽ߮ģ֪߮漰ĿҺܶࡣ
߮ˣ촽Ƥڣҿȥһ¡
Ƥɽõ߮϶ظ֮˻ر
һʮһƤɽƤɽԱ֡
յ뾡ллԷһ֮󣬾ֹͣ˶Ի
߮˳Ƥɽָķܹȥˡ
ܳɿ߮뿪΢
ƤɽͶ˽͵֮ǰԺ͸ҽˣС¹ʷĵһʱֳмȣˣȥϢһҲӦõġ
ڣǺ˾ȳڵҽƶӣġ
Ƥɽ˵ʱ
ȻһԱһΪ·жΪɫԱ棬һ˵֣һ£
ˣŵáһȻϽͷи˺ûҽ
ܳɻûӦͿƤɽ꣬ȴޱȵȥ
Ǵֱӱ˱ܣԴķ
ܳɵ˺ܿ쿪ʼҲȥ
ֻ΢ƤɽӵĹ򣬵ȻΪܳɵᣬãջƤɽƽˡ
ƤɽԱԱʱѾкüͬΧҪ˸Ū
ƤɽϵҪǧ𶯡
ŷԸȥϸһжԱһʧ
ͬʱƤɽʼcallУ鳤ƤɽԱ﷢ָ
ƤɽҽԱҽԱתߵԱҪٴȷԱ
ҪٴȷԱ
ƤɽϢ֮в˿ʼ
һĻܳȫûԤϵġ
ֳжԱʱ򣬶ϸ飬Ϻɫǩģ
뵽һ㣬ܳϿʼϸȥ鿴˺ɫˣ
Ѫѹ¡
ѪѹǲֱӲģģԡ
ܳɰֻˣڲ֮󣬻һ¶Թⷴ䣡
ֻǣһһ̫ˣƤɽڴǸ⣬ˣʧȥ
ٴλصƤɽڵλʱƤɽ˵İѹ
Ͻഩ̣оȣ
ʣ
Ͼ˾ͽļȰ
ڣ
İ𡣡ƤɽƵģƵġ
˿ܻƺƣЩСҽԺһģʵϣǸβʳܵģ಻ܡ
ûƤڡ˵
İ̲ạ̊́˶ѧģӲĤ⴩̣󲿷ֵ˶ѧǣỊ̇רҵ
أûģ
ûҾͺˡƤɽѾһˣû˻ӦĻҪҡˡ
ˣ֮ǰѾȷʵİѹԣҲͨ˵ͶģѪ࣬Ե˱Ϊߵġ
ʱõķʽỊ̇Ļ߲ѣ߲ᣡ
˹ܲܳŹȥ
ܳɾ˵Ƥڣҿԡ
Ƥɽ˵ؾͰλ˳Ͻ
ʣûзδ˺ѪأƤɽ˵
ѹпǰܵ˶ۻİҺˣǻҲлҺǻѪ
ߵǰĺ΢ʱûˡ
ϾҲ֪˶ã
ܳҲᣬոջļİǳõһܣȻδǾͨȼѾá
ҵ˴̵㣬׺Դϵ֮
ֱӴ˽ȥ
ܿ죬󣬾дʺɫѪҺ˳ͬʱѹӴ֮ǰɱͣѪˣһߵƤɽһ߸ؿܳɡ
һߵлˣ
ߺм٣ӦأҪǻʽϽת˵ȥпҪ̽顣
ϵ𣿡ʡ
ݶȷϲˣοˣҪֱӿɣ
û취ˣٵ˾ûˡ
ʱܳɾͼб˵ʦеţȹ˰
İҺ߻ѪһԲܷų̫ѪҺҪţרҵҽӦ֪ôġ
ʵͷת˵Ķ飬һ뻼ȥҽƳ
ˣҪ̽ġ
Ƥɽųغһ˿ܳɣ˵С԰ʲôܶõóôûأ
ллʦ佱ҿǰԵʱðɡֻܳǻأûԼοû顣
֮ǰܳûפۿѪһĻʱƤɽ;ܳɵԺܺá
˿ܳôһ˵Ҳһ˵лỹһѧɡ
ٹȥû԰æĵط
Ƥɽ˲վۿԱⶼȹ˰ǽڰ
ǿɲϴѧҽԺĽڣǺġ
һͱˡ
ڰ˶Ȼˣ
ԣʮ˶

ͬʱȲĻиĿͣǾǸľ񣬻գƵ
Ǽ뷢ȥҲǲܵģںܶýƽֻ̨ٷý屨ˣеĳ棬Ҫ˹˲С
ΰܳɵѾǱƤɽϿ˵ġ
ڵȴԱȳĹУںܳ죬ļˣҲ˽⵽ֻܳǸСס󣬷׷׹ҪȥоʲôģҪԼĿ߾ˡ
ƽ̨ܸߣ˵ھǿԿԽƽ̨Լ
иõƽ̨ԺķչǼΪġ
ֻܳǵͷӦУûиʲô϶ԵĻظҲûܾЩںʦǵĺ⡣
ֻǣĵĹУʮһżȳһεط
ѪƵҽʦôʮһҽƳУ
Ժġ
ƤɽôǶӵܳǲڿУٻֱӵܳɵ֡
Ƥɽؿܳһۣ΢ŵСܣˣʮһҽƳȥɡ
õģƤʦҾȹȥ˰ܳɵ˵ͷվҲᣬڸͲǾʱ
ܳ뿪Ƥɽ̾һֵǸ˲Űϧʱ˲áȥ˹ࡣǺԸٶˡҲˡ
Ҳ΢΢̾ǰʶ۽̸¶ѧ˵㣬Ǹӣϧˡ
ܳҽƳߵʱһСŮĹ£ܳɵݳһ
֮ܳǰŵʱ˲ٶʵûӡ
壬ԣ˵꣬Ӧ׶԰ӣһëס
ܳһĺ⣬΢΢Ϲ˵лл㰡
Ȼˣˡȷеˡ
ټСں֣ץŷˣֻðһСԴһֻҡš
¡¡¡ʱ̮Ȼһεط˶̮
ˣ
ߡ
һ顣
ܳɵﵱʱһͷ
һȺ˶ΧƺԱˡ
ڴСҲǱ׽˻ȥ
һõľ꣬һǵľꡣ
ܳɼٻͷȥҽƳλãսء
ﶼҪȥġ


һʮ ҪȥҪȥȥ
ܳԼĿĵظϵʱ򣬾˶һʹĵغֿˣ
մֿˡ
ˣǱߡ
ǱûŶ

ܳһ߼Сš
Ի˶ҽ㲻ͷȥǱֿ˰ˣȥ˰
ȥ
Ҫ𣿡

ֻеңܳɵе㸴Ӻͳأ֪ܳʱǧܹԼţǿסҪͷֱİʾ
Ҳ˲Աǲ¼գܳһ·ڶԵĲгӣҽƳԣȻͿһѵ˼ææشҽƳϳ
ܳӭһˣʦʮһҽƳ
ʮţǰԽԽСûüͣ٣ֻǻͷܳɽ˼֣ʹҴææؽܳɳԭ·
ܳɾͼǰߣһ·ϻ΢ÿе·
˵ôм䣬ʵߡ
ΣܳҲֻôߡ
ǽһжָӵĻǾͷӬԼȵĹʲôãỵ¡
񡢵䡢ͳһţǿѧġ
ܿ죬ܳɾʮһŵҽƳĺ복ƽ룡
еţԿкصŰѳΧֻĸߴӷ϶ƶ
ܳɾҪϳȥʱסˣģ
òӦǸ˾Ŀ۽ܳǰŵӣ΢͡
ʮһҽƳڽ޹ء
ҽܳɣ֮ǰ˽ҽʮһҽƳҡܳԱݡ
Էƺ֪£϶֮ǰĻ˵ҽ룡
ҽˣŴ򿪡Գﺰ
ܳȥһСžʹˣһռЩƵʱҡʽұʮּªȫкüˡ
һˣܳɵķϱһѪѪñϣڿϣ۽ǣڶԣڻһСֽ˸ɿǡ
˫ֺϰ΢΢е㲻̫ԣǣ˫֣Ȼڽذסĳһ
߮ˡ
߮Աߣһһ߲ͣؽָţһϸضŻߵ棬ڽ崴̽
пеҽƶӣϸ¹ֳ
νȣ
˶ҪϼָӣڴȷҪҽƾĵطǧҴܡ
ҽƶӵĶӳ
ĿǰжˣڷĲڷٵתš
ܳɲ֪˭ҲܲµԷݺܾܿƤڿе׽ڡ
ܳɣ߮磬ô£ܳһ߿ٵذ˫ǰ£һȻʱֱ̨ϴ̨ȥһʡ
߮ܳɵʱ΢˵ܳɸ磬̨
ңҡ
ҿ˶Ѻ󣬿ƲԼֲ⣬в
ܶˣ߮ٵضܳ˵Ͷλ
ܳɵĽŲһͣعͷеŵؿ߮ڲ֣ûȥǻ
ܳ⻰߮סԱߵٵƤʼ
ٵ˫ۿ߮磬ƺе߮磬ҽĸƵģ
ɱѪƵģ
Ϳˡ߮ȶܳ˵һ䡣
ٸæ͵׽ڣܳɰǹǿƵģӦúɣܴѪ⣡
ܳȻѪƵˣڴ֫֫ʱ򣬼ΪóûȥǻֻĽʲϤܳɴܶѣ
̨ˣ
Ǳ߷˶̮ұ뵽ֳȥٿ߮磬ѯʡ
ʱҪ߮Լˣ߮ȻǸһѧǼȻҽƶӣǾҪĻô
֮ǰ߮ͻȻ˸ǻ֮󣬿˶ѪͲֶҲΣ߮ģϾѧ
ֻǣƽƵ㣬
ܳɲУôҪٽ߮ܳɿԣôȫȨ߮ܳɸ
˲ã˲ɣؼʱ̣ˡ
ûн꣬ͲҪʱûκ˶нѧһܲһӣ齻㣬ǰ˵㲻УӦˣôξҪԼ
ĻͲҪˡ
߮ͷлл׽ڣҺܳһС
֮߮ʱûֱӵе̨ڱǣ߮Ҳʲôɵӣܳɵʵۼ֤ģһڽмȵʱ
СпäбŶˣѣܳɿ϶ܴˡ
ֻѪܵ⣬֮Ͻڽڡ߮ٽ
ררΣ߮Ӧ˴ֹѪĻȻ
Ҳû߮ϻֱӰе̨һӣ׽£Ͻܡ
ҽƶӵָӣһʱûֳʵһ̶ȵְ
յӦǫ́ϣҲԼ
ǽ
ٳźȥƺȥʱ˵ˣҲ˲ʹʼɱ
һ߶ŶԽһǰ壬ԱһСĦԣԱݺĿģŸֳȥˡ
ܳɿٵϴ֮ϴ·޾ף̨ԡ
߮Ͻ˵ܳɸ磬ͽֹѪҪľǰܶҳ
߮ԱߣѾڽںһ˱Ÿǻڵ࣬ϵѪˮ˵Ҫ΢㣬ܶѣӦûгϵĤˡ
Ҫʱ䡣
ܳæӦõġ
ȻȥλԷģҽƶӵָӣʱеҽȨޣ
ˣʲôΥУҲǽա
Ѫǯܳɵ̨ԣʶغһ
ûеʿԼáڽڵһ䡣
ܳɨһۣȻͰѪǯʣǵߵܶѻ˫ࣿ
࣡
ʱֻȷࡣ߮Ҳ˸ǻѪڿ쭡ûüȥƿڵλãֱӰѸץˡ
á֪ܳ¼Ȩ֮Ǽûô׼׼õ£ʵֻǼ㲻ļ
Ѫǯ֣ܳ̽뵽˸ǻڣȻ˳֣߮ݹȥ˿ߣֵѪǯҲһ£Ͱ˿ߵͷסˡ

ٵһ˿ߴ֮ظΣ
ˣֿɿˡܳšɺɫ˿ߣ߮˵ǽ˫֡
߮һ㶡
Ѹˣ߮ʮֲȻ
ڽںҲˣ
ַ߮λõİ߮ųķʽȰѸˡ
ôֱӶ򵥵Ĵʽѵ벻
ǣֵĲѶȺܸߣ߮뵽˸ǻȥˣڵλãǸˣһֻ֣
ΰ˿ƹ˫֣ɻƸǸ⣬һ֮ôȥģҲǸ⡣
벻ǲˣҪǲˣҪܳ
򵥵ѪܷϣҶϴѧҽԺĽֲǳصģ
ֻǣٺƽʮӵ⣬ͱ̨ܳڣֱӽˣһΪԭʼķʽ
ʲôɾĻôֻܴܳɵ˼άܻ˵Թ⡣
ܳɲûȡɣİ취
ǲϵĽά

΢ÿ㣬Էſˡܳɴ˿ȫȵ״ֹ̬Ѫǯ΢һ֣߮û̧ͷ
߮Գʹ־˿
ȻȻû֮ǰѵѪ
СѪ˾ֱӷ쭵ģ
ܳȻӹڽԱߵڸǻڷѪܵΡ
֮ҪΪ԰ѪҺɾ¶ɾҰԱҵѪܵλúƿڣܶȻѣǲǶѣǶѵĻѪˮͷˡ
ȻҪ΢õʱ䡣
ܳҶĹУƽӦ˹ŹֵؿܳɣȻֿ߮˵ܳҽܴѪⰡ
ʣʵڸп
ִٴҽѧǽģ벻ܳĵԵΪˡ
ĶһظС
߮ͷû˵Ϊ˵ܳɵ˼·ͲֻǰЩȫ֮УȻȻȻؽӹƽеܳɸõر¶Ұ
°ɣȥпܳţʲôġ
ǵãոܳ˵ûǻԼȻܳɽ̨ˣôԼҲҪܳɸ֪ôܶô¶
ʦȥܳɵֲɡ߮ƽԸ
߮ԸƽΪļߣΪһΪǶƵĻô߮Թۻߵֵġ
ƽͷû˵ʲô౳ʼ̨ܳɵֲࡣ
ƽתʱֵܳѪǯѾǰܶ˳ȻϸĹУȻǿ˳״Ŀӡ
пѪܷ𣿡ܳ߮硣
ֶ룬ý߮ˡ
ɲʲô顣
Уλ߮æء
Ȼ֮ǰȷдĳѪȻ׼ġҲֱ֪֮ܳʣԼȥΪ˽Լʱ䣡
ˣǳϵĤȴ븹ͬԴȻгѪ
ܳɺܿͰѪܷõȼѪֻܷ֫ķϣжķϡ
ΪеûеʹܳɵٶЩҲ֮󣬱˷ϡ
߮ƽѪʹ˿Խʱ
ܳɾȻǰ⶯˳ҵһƿڣȻҲܳϸµ̽Ҳܣں⶯
˵Ѿ̽ˣָѪ˰ɡ
ã߮ƽֻܵͷľܳˣܳ˵ָܻѪˣǾǻָ
ѪƵˣеˣҽƶӣڸ;С
ܳɽǷǳȡɵذ˿һһˣû˵ĤѪ˻ָ֮ǰƿλãûѪ
˶һܳС˰벽
˵ǴˣǳϵĤͳܵķϣüڽڣˡ
ƵĻܳĲᣬԾÿλá
ãллˣҽƽҲûܾܳɵλֱŲ֮ǰܳվλã˵̽飬̽Ҳ࣬̽࣬ѳѪ㶨ɡ
߮ȻûֵĻ
黹΢еңΪЩɵģ;ǵӣûˡܳɼʱϵĻ롣
ҪôְҪôǲûˣȻһΣĵĽ϶Ӹˡ
߮绹Ǹ߿ԼˣΪԼ˼ȣȫ߳ǸجһĽᣬʵȻ
߮磬㻹ɡ
ڽڣҪȥˡҸŵƤڡܳæƽ˵
ʮһҽƳֻʱڵ˻ǹƤɽΪƤɽӰҽԺ赽ֳġ
λԲܹɡ
ƽʵе㲻ãҲ֪ܳɱ뿪ˣܳɱ˺Ϊܳɣ˵ĶͿû취תˡ
ֳļȣҪֹȷ
ˣҽȻܲܺȥӰɣٶȿ㡣ƽܳɽ顣
֪϶⣬Ϊոٻڵʱ򣬶Խ˵ˣ˶̮
ƽפҽƳȥսĿľΪ˰ʮһҽƳ˸Ȼ
ܳɲ߮綼ڡ
߮⣬ٽȥ˽᲻ٴֶأû߮뿪߮绺һ˵ߵһаš
õģллڽڣ˰ܳһ·һߣȻһԵ޾¸˺ƶͰٵ˹ȥ
ʵոܳɺԵؾ͸ܵˣ߮ڽڣԼڽڵִ̨ǼֱҪ̫ˡ
߮ʱı¶ǼֱҪ̫ڽڵϣҲǴüãͱ磬ʲôʱ˷ϣƽܹʱߡ
ʲôʱҪϣƽ־ܰѶķλó
ͲʱҸе˳
ѵǴƽ̨ĺôô
ȥȫǿ֮ˣһ̨֣֣
ǵġ
ܳɸոյõ˴𰸡
ʱܳûннΪҲæúܣҪż·˽ҳҪת˲˵ĵ·ͨҪɢĳԹȺڡ
Ϊ˵õ˵һϢ˴ķۺ󰡣ͲֻԼľסպƵˣֱ͵ܳ׼ҹӦһֳ
ȹٷý廹Ҫ֣ˣܳһ¾ٿˣԼ׷ˣ
Ȼ󵱳ˡһ涼û֡
ܳߵʱ򣬶о׼ܳɹӰְӾǺɫģҲ֪ܳҽƶӵġ
ƿܳɣڿܳСܵʱһɫӫ·Сӣ˸ƵĦоˣҽǲҪϽȥɡ
ллܳĦУû顣
ֻǣֻǿ˰Ӷ࣬ĳͽȥˣΪдڼš
ƺжӳƵڽ
ܳɱ£ǰ·ͬ־ĵŽӣλǴҽƳҽƶӵģҪȥ
ѵ΢ÿһЩλãȻʣ²£
ոǵֵܣˣпܻ
£һȺСӴ󺰣ܳɵĶĤ
ܳתͷһȺˣǴķΣʵۺᡣ
ǵͣԼС꣬ƽҲʮ˵ʮңܳɽǶʮ
걾ƣ࣬ˣ
ܳʮ࣬ʮıơ
ܳһ
水ӦԼĵܵһ˰ɣϧԼĸĸûһҲӦ͡
뵽ʱܳɵЩҡ
ԣʵ߮磬ҲһͣŶʮӽʮ
ʵҲǸСԼʱͻڶѧ
ȥˣܻˡ
һֱȥĻ϶ˣһøࡣ
Ҫȥǵ񡣡
ҲǵʹҽԼʱ䣬
Ϊ׵һ£һȺ˾ͿʼܲǰȻֻСܣٶȻ׷ܳɣֻ뻮һĽŲǰܵܳɵڸһƵġ
еء
òûкܶɣֻΪҪ
˭°
ףǣСӡ
ܳܵһصʱ򣬾ԶԶؿҽƶӵפʼһֵԱˣǴ֮ǰȥ˵мֳķθյҽƶӵĳԱ
ܳͣˣԱȴûͣ
ǰƿҽƶǰеľߡ
Ϊ̮¹ʵķҽƶӵغˡ
仯ܳɵı΢΢Щɬ۾Ҳһ˵Ĵ̼ʹĪĸо
ǵģ˿˵ҽƶӵˣҽԺˣһ̶ϣҲǻˡ
һףһ˫۾һ䣬ҪԷƤҪѪ˻ʹˣ
ҲȺɵһ֡
ҽƶӵˣܳ˼ȵָӣ˾վȥ
ܳĵһ仰
ʲô¾ãΪ㸺ǰС
ллǡ
ܳɹˣȻͷְԼҽƶӣҲƤɽĶ飬ȻˣֻˣܳˣҲ
Ƥɽʣܳɡ
ȵˣһͷƤѪ׵ģٱϿֻͷƤѪס
һڵϣԼĻ壬ᶼˡ
ƤɽϽкܳ˵æͷƤѪף֫ˣټûйۡ
ȻԲ˵Сӣ𼤶𼤶
С죬ȦȻţеʹ־еԲǣ˵ĻݼٵǿܾͲˡ
ȻСϳһˡ
ܳȥһһؼ֫Ƥɽһ߽ͷƤѪ׵İͷƤ˿ѵİһ˵㶼ˣô
úϢ񡣡ƤɽС˵˵ţ˫ĿȴһֱڶԶ׼ʱﱻȳˡ
鷳ˡСӿҲЩ˼
ҽҲкܶ˰ɣʡ
ȷεģæģȴ˸
ÿˣǶӱˣмˣƲҲȥϢˡ
˵⣬ƤɽС⣬˵ҽ˹ǶԻߵĲأǴ˹ǾǶͬĲأκúϢ´Ļ
´α˰ɣҾǱźáƤɽ˵һ룬Ӧ˹ԼĻе㲻ʡ
СǸоģ˵ҾҽǱźá
ƽʱĹãҽԺȥʲôʱǴģԳˣǲǴ¡Ҽǵһγǳ档
С˵һ룬û˵ȥˡ
ƤɽЦЦܿ͸ˣȻܳɣйҪ𣿡
ûеĻ͵ˡ
ͰɣƤڣ鲻ۣ֯û⣬ҪȥҽԺһϵͳļźãⲻá
ȻĻŷʲô֢Ǿ鷳ˡܳЦЦ˵
ţƤɽ˵ͷк˹ߡ
ҿԼߣõңԼ߳ȥˡСӻͦӲʣʹʲô
ȴƤɽѹˣɲУڿɲˣǲˣҪǵġ
ٷѪף߳ٷԸƢѣһߵĹзˣܱҽԱûУ˾Ϳûˡ
;̧ܾܸ˳ȥŻ˵ҿԼߵģҡ
û
ЩٵС黹еСɰ
ܳɺƤɽ˻ûü࿴Ͼһ˱̧˳Ȼָҽƶӹ֮ͨƤɽ˻Ӧҽƶʱпա
ǸϽȥӦ
Сӣȫñ͹ƽˣ˻Բţ֮Ӧ
Ѫѹƽɷҿ
ܳɣͫ׶Թⷴ䣡
ܳɲƤɽԸѾ͵ؿʼ˲
˵ɣǰǰ̧㡣ƤɽֱӰھߴͰˣͷԱ˵
ȲԱŲ㣬١
ܳɾʹĻԹⷴٶۣͫСͷƤѿڡ
­ѪװƤڡ
ƤɽҲæ˵ǳ壬ڼ٣ûĵͼҽƳ
ܳɣһ·ţʱ׼ķθգ
̧ߣϽߡܳһߣһƤɽƤڣп­ļе𣿡
ҽƳϲУ嵽ߺţûСƤɽ˵
ҽƳҲӦӦģ˵ÿһҽƳͿе
ãܳɼ԰ٷ֮ʮȷӲĤѪס
ӲĤѪףǿǱӲĤѪ׸ӿ£ʱޣûˡ
ܣܣһ¡ܳҲúʦˡ
СӾæ˵ҽܼ𣿡
ǳҽƳܳ˵ȻͿ·ѵܷ˵ϣ˸ȥ̾Ͱѵܸܡ
ǹǾԼٶҪһЩ
ܳæһץһˣ˵Ƿſġ͹ȥͺˣôġ
ܵÿͿԵĻôеļҽȥϰˡ
Ȼʱ䣬̫ܵ죬ûеܵľĻ˵ˣǻô棿
ĵѾȻ㬵طµܣȻ˻·Ͻ׷ӹܣǳнСܣܳһ·š
ƺеʧ䣬źס
Ƥɽ˵ҵרллǵĺ⣬רҵģ˳ˣǽǰɡ
˵ŵʱһ˳ˣʹĺܵ
ʹʹʹȾңʹ
֫ȫѪ
һϵѪҺ
״ƤɽɫϽһ䣬Ƥɽ󺰣ܳɣ
ʣȥ׷ոǸˣܳɸҹ˻鷳ЩܳǹǿƵġ
˾ˣû˿ԥ
ϣɴ࣬ᡣ
ԶʱĴʡ
нֹ
ܳƤɽĺɫһ䣬İȫҲתܣ
ƤɽǶӳ
Ƥɽܳɿ˱̧С֫Ѫģ֮󣬲ҷСȡߵǰϱۣдĻˡ
һѪ죬ҵ
˰
ɫһ䣬æ˵£Ȱ˷ˣ̧ˣ
ȥǱߣǱߵתǴһЩСа壬ȡһ¡ܳɶԸ
΢е£ǻҪȥ˰ܳȥö
滹һȳˡ
Ǳʱ̶Са塣ܳ˵
Ƥɽվȥñɴɣ
ڶֻˣ˶˳ȥҲҪˡ
ûҪϴܲܰҸȥһ£
Ҳ߿ܳɼеض˵Լȥãһֱڱ
ǱߵСа壬ȻªҲдõġ
жԳѪ֮ǰǱѹסˣʧѪࡣ
ȥˣҽȾæܣȻ󻹻ͷȥˣȾȣ
ǵϣкܶͣҲй˵Ѫ
ܳɵҲ˲ˣֱӾͱؼ˻ߵ·ʱ˿˵
ˣл֮⣬зĹ۶϶ˣǳ׵¶ˣҹ۶˺ɲɵؾڶǻʱܰԼߡ
ʱ֮ǰڴ󺰴еĲ˰˿̵ȻѾø侲
֪ܳǱ侲ˣΪոһĹʧѪ࣬ر侲
ҽѧϽ־Į
Ѿݿˡ
ո̧һأ̫רҵˣֲˣҪֳдС
˱˳ܳﵲ·ߵĻھ΢Ųһء
ֻǣܳɴ˿Ѿ˲ôˣ˫ˣһͬ࣡
ȴе㲻̫
ܿ죬ܳɾͿƤɽˡ
ƤڣϽﰴסĵطѹס˿ܾȲˡܳеżʧѪ̫ˣֻǵİѹֹѪܴﲻֹѪЧ
ܳɻ˵ŵʱ򣬾ͿˣİѹֹѪĽ£ǵ˹ȥ
ӦûʧѪ
ܳȻͿˣĶʼ
ٷƢѣ
һʼˡ
ƤɽķθյģķθյǰѭѪ㹻
ܳɿƤɽ˵ƤڣǲаǻҪȥֳ
Ƥɽó˶Խ˵ָӣΪҽƶӻҪֳмȲУҸոս˵ĻдѪٷƢѡ
ʧѪ̫ˣƤɽ࣬һӹɵ侲



һʮ 
ã֪ˣȥ˹ͨܳһԣٹϵ
ƤɽѶԽ֮󣬾૵ҹƻΪˡ
ȻҡҡͷԳЦЦ
ΪʲôܳһʱûƤɽΪҪô˵
Ƥɽͷ˿ܳɣֻ֪ܳɵ֣ʹܳɵֺݣȴûͣʵͨܳɵɫò֪ܳɵͲ
ʵ¡
ûʲôƤɽµɫ任һ
ﰵԵΪ˻Ƥɽ
ͬˣ
ֳܵȡ
ܵȲͬڸͬҽƶӵȵָӣȸָӸҪĵȣһС
ʱܵȶҽԱܵ˺פȳŲˣƤɽȴҪ壬ⲻΪ˲ʲô
ñ˵Լǹ
⻰Ƥɽû˵ô룬Ҳô˵ȻҪȥЩûû˵ĻҪָΣ
˾Ȳˣת߰ɣ˷ʱˡƤɽܳԶǰȥ˿Ȱһ䣬Ȼ￴
ɫż˫ĿʱɨĲ˱ת˳õһʱȡ
ɲǶƸеʱ
ܳԶԶػˣڵ٣˱粵ĭɡ࡭
ĵȻ϶ǱС
дӫɫڷ֮Уô
ӫҹɢĿĹâĿ
𡪡
ߣߡ
æ
졣
Сĵ㡣
𣿡

ҲѾȮڷܱ߲ͣűӣһһģǳҵ
Ҳ˱Ǵ⣬ƤϽŰġ
ʯͷ£ѾȮҵеġ

ʱķ渽һصѾˣѾֵˣҲһһ˹ã
ߣ֮У
࣬Ҳʮ˵ģѾһϣ
ܻˣ
ǣǺҵ
ܳɻھڣһȺڲͣشŵ绰ƺȷݣϵȡ
ڸԶӿ⣬ܳп
˺ѷεؿţ壬ǽģЩˣؾǲ˵ļˡ
ڣ֮ٵõ
ĿǰѾõʱ齨֧ҽƶפڣ뵽ԮֳУԸ飬ҪģϽҡ
飬ϸҽƳʵʩԱЭȡ
⣬ѾҽƶӼϵĿǰֳפļȶ֮⣬ҽƶӣ泵صλ뵽ԺڵľιٿǵڵһȶӵĳԱ֧ȳȥ
Ͼȫֳ뼱СʱֵСʱİ࣬Сʱֹȫһġ
ٻϣƤɽһ
֮Ƥɽܳ˵ܳɣȥԭλȥҽƳǱ߰æҪԭλĻҿԺȥ
ǵİҽԺڵĲҲˡ
ܳɿ˿ڣƤɽͿܳɵ˼˵ͲҪȥˣҪȥұȥ
㲻εļҽƶӵģʱģȥ
ƤɽֱӴܳҪȥ˼ܳ˹ͣǽȥûʲô£νĹ֮ͣӦķձȫ㲻ʲô
ܳɵݲʣҲܳɽȥ
нл
ãȥҽƳûҪæİɡܳɾ͵ͷȻƤɽ˵Ƥڣעⰲȫ
ƤɽȻô࣬ܳҲꡣ
һΣգǣû˽ȥȥҲֻ鷳
֮ܳûѡֱӻصλΪʵȱֵĻô϶绰Ȼȥʱ򣬸绰ʡ
ڶǡ
Ҫ֣ܹתҽƵλЩˣҸġ
Ȼ˵ǱȽҸ˵ҸǳʺϣԶ˵ǵȷ˵ġ
ܳ˵꣬Գȥ
ûԭؼƤɽ˷ʱ䣬ֻǣʱܳɸоһŨŨУ
⣬ԼļѾ㹻࣬ĲּѾھ˷棬Ѿá
ҽѧĺ嫣Ȼһǰʧ
ǰ漸ӣԴ󺰴Уڶ̶̼ӵʱ䣬ôƤɽ棬ˡ
ܴôӣǰԲһӣ
Ԥˡ
Ԥˡ
ȻãƢѣѣֳԴԶԶǵңδܹȹ
ңܳɻãȻǰĺСֻǸ򵥵Ķ̮ͻˡ
⣬ǱɽһǶѰ
ԼܿܿеͨһԱѣڵʱлһģǰ˵ĺСûκһܹ졣
СܣƤɽܳԶ˼Ѿ˾ȥȻͷܳɡ
Ƥʦܳɻͷ
лᣬȥоԼ۽ˡƤɽܳ˵
ܳе⣬һʱ䲻֪λػ
ƤɽȴΪ˵ôһ䣬ȻתȻȻ߽˾ܳߡ
ߣܳԱ߾Gҽô˰
֮ǰǸСӡʲôʱֽˣ
ϽѷƵɾˡ
ⲻ𣿡

ԹϵȻڳԹϣֵȻڿ֡
ܳһٴ߳ӵʱ򣬱㿴ˣŵҽƳ⣬˽ά񾯣˺ܶˣ
ǿŴСĶͣҽƳ·ԡ
淭ţʳˮҽебȵȲһ㡣
ǾͶߵĻ̳Ƕ׵·⣬Ϊ˰·óȻ˫ɨţƺѰŰæĶ
ǵĸ첲ͳһ־ԸߵĺɫӣͶ
ܳɸо΢еߵһǰʣˮܺһ𣿡
ܣһС϶ȥһƿܳɣ˵ҽǱ߻кöԵģҪ
ֻܳӹˮ˵ллǸѧ𣿡
ǹƴģ˵飬ǾԷ齨־Ը߶飬ûҪæģǵĸԱҲڡ
ҽҪæҲˣкܶˡܳɣֿ
һˣҲûʲô԰æĵطЩΡ
ܳҡͷͷʾлûҪæģллˮ
˵ţܳȽϤʮһҽƳ
Լûʲô¿ˣﻹҪ˰æŶ
Ȼʱ
ֿܳ˸ҽƳӣͣ˸ԶȻ120Ȼʼʻ룬дϴѧҽԺϴѧҽԺʡҽʡڸҽԺҽƶӵ֡
ˣܳɵһϲ
غһ
ˣ
󲿶ˡ
ô೵ӵ
ǾͻϲֲʲȫˣҲԽԽá
Ҳͷˡ
ΪҽƳ·סˣԾȻ֮ͣ˾ʹͽǰУ
ҲΪε̫࣬ԽҲͲֻǰԼĦгϿ˿
һһĶ飬ֱӿ˷洦
·ܳæ·óȻ־ԸһվڵĻ̳档
ʼ̶绰̶ĵ绰û˽ӡ
ܳɱƵĵ绰Ͼͽˡ
̨ϣܳɱԼݺƾԶ뼱ææܳɣܳû°ɣûУ
˵˶̮
ܳежæأûʦʱڸȥҽƳ·ϣûֳʦˡ
Ƴһû¾ͺãû¾ͺãڸ
λ˵㱻ˣô£ܳɾ
Ҫ֪֮ǰ̶ع㷢˵ܳɱ˵ʱ򣬲̶ع㷢ˣֱع㷢ǲɵӡ
˵Ҫͽ˰
ع㷢ùѪͷ涯ˡ

Ҳĵţܳɵ绰ܳɸûӡ
ҽƳԱߴæģҽƶѾϵˡҹܰæĵطˣʦҽԺǱʲôҪҪϻܳҲд
Ƥɽ߮һ֪֮Щ˵ʵǺǿģ
Ҫൣģ
漴Ȼи߸Ӷ
ϽϻĲ˺תˣ
ȱˣھʹһʿ崴
Ȩ̨ˡ˵ԡ
˵꣬ʣˣСܣǵóԶ㶼ûԵġҪҹġ
֮ǰĻܳԱߵ־Ըûף仰ˣ
ܳȻ죬Ҳæ˵ҽ㻹ûԷ
վԶ֣ɤź͵ԵĶ͵㣡ҽûԷ
һкϾ˶һֽܹˡ
ҲһЦˣȥˡ
ܳɺܿͱʳѸˡ
ĵ־Ը߻˺ܶĸܳɿЦá
ҽԣﻹкܶࡣҪ治
ûӪзҪҪǴģǸɾġġ
ܳɾ˵һзɣʳȻٺãûз¶ȥô̤ʵ

ܳɳ꣬ظʱ򣬾ͿˣʮһҽƳϣ߮˳ſڡ
ɫǸ֮ɫ˫ֵĴָߵ̫ѨͣţҲ֪ۻۡ
߮磬ܳɾվʣ߮磬ҪԶ𣿡
ܳɵͱ߻мոյĳ΢еˡ
ƼǶŶӵġ
߮ҡͷҳԹˡ
ȻߵܳԱߣ߹Ĵ󲿶ӣʣҽԺҽƶӶ𣿡
šˣҲûҽԺȥˡܳ˵꣬Ȼʼˮ
๾ϡ
Ҳöؼˣ˽ӹˣǾͿ΢һˡ߮Ҳ΢и
ֻü䣬ܳȻܹоʧȻ
֪ܳ߮绹ھոᵶϵʱֶ顣
ļ˵߮磬ȥúϢ̬ʵѾܶˣֻһˡ
ܳ˵꣬Ϳ˿Ȼһ˵ͼϣԷ԰͵һ·ߣҪ򳵻صλȥ
ǽϴӦĦܳ뿪ˡ
߮ǳ෴ķȥ챾߲ɷģ
ֻ֮󣬾ͷ⵵¡
ڼ䷢һЩ£߮ůģر˶û֮ǰм˵İæȻ˼Ӧˡ
ЩӦ˵ǲţʱȣȴ120ĻѪ͸ˣ
Щ˵棬ò˷ĵĿ־壬ֻǵûֱȵǰʱˡ
ллǡ߮ૡ

ܳ뿪֮Ųķӵ˲䡣
ֳ
Ѫ
ס
ָӣ
ѹֹѪ
Ѫѹ첻ˡ

֮Ƥɽͱˣ
ƤɽϵǸǿƵأиѪģ˵ó֫ѣ
Ƥɽڷһ⻰һ㶡
׽ڣⲻǹǿƵרҵ𣿡Ƥɽ٣Ϊ֮£ûָӣֱӺ׽ƽʱĳƺ
ôǹǿƵרҵأѪǹѪƹܵģ
ڣһ𣿡ֱӺϴѧҽԺڡ
ϾڴѪƣǺǿġ
ҲжԽڶԽôѪƵˣ
֫ѪܵļˣһֱǹǿƵİѹֹѪ𣿡
ֳĴѪʲô˵𣿡
ô£ڶͿˡ
Ѫ⣬Ҫô
ǻڵĴѪֻӲȥҽƳ֫ѪʱѹֹѪ߼ѹ
Ƥɽ͵֮ǰиԱ˵ѪǯŶžбˡ
ǶӾֻһǿƵģҲûѪƵĳԱҲ֪
ã˵ͺûѪˡתˣҲ֪ô
ֳѪǯбնڵǿţ
أپ׷Ƥɽ
˽
Ƥɽһ飺֮ǰפصĶ鲻ԸҾȥҽƳæˡ
ҴӰҽԺģҾȽΣգҲн޻Ƥɽ
̨ʡ
ʮһŰɣҲ֪
ܳ𣿡ϾԼ뿪ǰ߮Ǹˣ߮Ҳ˵ȽóڴѪ⡣
ǵģ׽ڣʶƤɽϵͷ
ٿûպƤɽ죬ֱӺʮһҽƳ
ܿ죬ʮһҽƳĸ˾ͻظˣûҽǲҽƳ
һ֮
ٷû˻ظƺҲˣ
Ƥɽ˵׽ڣܳɲǹǿƵ߮绰һ£
İѹֹѪҲȫֹס
Ǳüͷһô˷ˣ߸
ѾûˣٵвƣоƤɽǸɵӡ
ƤɽƤһҲ޹׽ڣҽġ
Ҳ֪ΪֹѪǹǿƵĳ棡
ררΣ飬ƤɽƽʱҲȻҽƶӾһȫܾͺðӸ
绰˽лɣҸոտһ£
ּȷʽҲǲЧǱҲǵİμӹôĹСļȲڼʮΣûɹ顣
͹Ȼܺÿα´Ҫ
ⲻô
ôȥѶӶǸȽѲ⣬˵äбնˣֱδţ
Ĵѣϵ·ϾûˣﻹȵҰ

ܳɴֳ뿪ĵӡ
پͷ֣ṩĲ̶ĵ绰ûͨ
ǰҽԺԺźͽӵ˵绰
ٺܿؾ׼ǵԸ
źǰҽԺԺĿǰְҽԺܵȹ
⻰æʣ˵ĸƵģ˭
˵ܳɣ֪˭
̶סӡ
̶ǸεĹǿƶΣź֪ԭԭʵΪݣ
ңʱеĲζڼңϾͽڼææĲ̶ӵ绰
̶ѵ绰ڶԵʱ˵֮󣬲̶΢еˣܳɣܳﰡܳɲǱǽ𣿡
ˡҸոպϵˡ
ܳ˵õȥϣܹܳɴ绰ߣˣΡ
ܳ˵޷ٻΪġ
ϾҪ˵ġ
̶ɫһ˵Ҹ绰˵ɡǺǿҵϵˣ
ǾɣҲ΢еæǸ
ʵ̶Ѿˣӵˣӻȱأ֮֮ȥ
̶ֻô룬Ϊأȥٶ硣
ãллϣΡҲܿҶ˵绰

ΣҪȥ
Ҹϳܳɽӵ绰ʱЩۣΪеĳѾߵһˣ
ʿʦǽרŸҵ־Ը߳ӣ복ʦ˵ˣܳҽƶӵģڻҪȥҽԺʦʾԸ͡Ǯ
ȥɣȥˣһҪССİһҪ֤Լİȫ
ո˴绰˵ˣε˴ûˡ̶˵
ܳɹҶϵ绰󣬾ͶԳʦʦͷɣȳϣֺһȥ鷳ͻȥ
ʦȴҲͨ飬͵ͷˣ˵ҽ㿴ᣬǿ
ոյĵ绰ˣˣ˸ˡ˼㻹ھͲɣ֣˵úס
ֻܳҲδأޣֻ˵һ˰æ͸ЩҽҲɡ
ҽҪɵĻⳡ¹ʣͲᷢˡ
˼ʦһˡ
ʦԣĬһ˵ǵҲǣҽ˵ĻһǸҽ
ʲôܣ˰ŻǸһһҹС
ٶܲˣҲҪҺڣͼˡ˵úֱףҲ̻
֪ܳʦڿЦ˵ʦǸˣոյĻ˵òȫԣֳĺܶҽҲǺҽȻĻҲôҹسˡ
ң֮ǰĶ¹УҲһЩҵʦˡȻԱǣ˵ļʻСܶࡣҲǺҽ
ǺܺúܺõҽܳƤɽ
ϾҽƵפڰȫģƤɽҪȥðյġ
˵Ҳԡ
ϣǺ˶࣬Ƕɾֲ˲ſɾ
ҵ˾Ϳɾ

ܳɺܿͱ˻Ȼ˳ܳɾ²߮ĵ绰˵Լλá
Ϊ·ϣ߮˺ü绰
ܳɱͬʱ߮ҲΪҲˣȻ߮Уֳǽһ
߮ܳٴӿ棬˶Կһۡ
ܳɾͷˣ߮˿̹һ䣬Ӷϲˡ
ǣָܳҵĶ
ǳĶܴǵ㣬б޻߮һϰ߾б޻ϲһЩõòš
ܳɾûʲô׼ˣ˲ţٴ˽ȥ
ܳѾǲڼ߽߳ˡ
ܿ죬͵ֳĳش
Ȼܳɺ߮ھʱͿˣƤɽΪ˴˿ڵʱ򣬲㱻һʯͷˣۼſ죬˹ȥ
ƤɽΪܣҲ΢˲ʣˣѪܼ࣬˵ķΧС
Χǰæ
ҶСĵ㡣ټ״ϷԸԱߵˡ
ͬʱ
Ҳ״ö˶ǽѵϵԱƤɽ˶סˡ
߮ܳϷ˾ߣȥ
ϳԱи֮⣬ߵ⣬ʯͷѹš
Ϊ˱̶ȵѪʯͷûŲ
ܳɼ״Сܹһ˺һ׺󣬾ͽȻȡеѪǯֱӰŶжΣ˵˿ڴжϼбգ
ʯСа𣿡
ˡܳɽʡ
ֻǣʱƺû˻ػ
ԱߣһŶԽһ۾ƺȻǰһĻƵġ
ǰ˿Ѫǯƨɣ˿ܳɣŪģôģ
ܳɿɲ˵ģ棬ͨ顯ŪģЩԵܳԼҿ
ֻǵͨ϶мбŶΪȡ֫һᣬȻֳֻ֫ˡ
Ƶᣬṵ̂͵˼Ȼǵһ
Ĵָ
ù򡣡ʲôˣ
ϴѧҽԺԺǿƴΣʵʵһʡڵҽѧ뢣Ժʿһˡ
ҲĿɿڴƤɽ˿̣ȴΪˣʺڼֳˡ
֮پ͵Ƥ߳ȥɣǵϸʹһ˷硣
Ƥɽһֻеյش˴Լĺף˵ԲҪӱˡ
ûֻǶ˵ˣȻתˣûʱ򣬾ھ߸פ
Ǳߺз֣ӦǷ˱ˡעϢעʱ׼Ȼҽƶӵָӣ
ǣѾȹҽԱ޷룬ûв֮ǰǾûս
ո˵ֲѪܱܳɴ֮󣬺ܿСа壬˰󶨺Ͱ飬ͲҪܳˡ
߮ߵļ䶼ûü򿪣Ϊ˻ԣҪȫǻز˵Ļԡ
ٿ˿ܳɺ߮ˣ˵Ҳʧ
㸺ֳ㸺ôֹѪ­Ѫ׻ЩĻǾû취ˣѾļˡ
úȥϢɣ˿ԱɲС
߮ǿһȺڽҺ˿ȡֹѪȲ˵ͷܳһ߱ϣһС
Щġ
߮绹˵ΪǽлʲôشԭĴһǹط
߮þôһĹ򣬾ͺû˼
𣿡ܳɿ˿߮磬ЦЦ
߮ͷصǵҲǡ
ţ߮ؿ˿ܳɣʣܳɸ磬бնĹôѧģ
ܳһЦԼϹġ
츳ĺܺð߮Ҳܳɵ˵ΪĹһ˶ᣬĿǰҲһӦˡ
ô϶ܳԼĥģĥôһֹ򣬲һ츳
ܳɸǰıģӦòʡɣ߮ʣܺܳɵĹ
ɳҽѧԺͨĶܳɻظ
߮Ӷŵֱ䶯ֱš
ô뵽ȥ
ɳҽѧԺĶֱ̫ͨˡ
ܳǼϵʯͷ˳ȥǰ߿ĳɼãѧһҽѧרҵȽϿס͹ˡ
ʵǰѧǡˡܳ˵һ룬ֲ˵ȥˡ
Ϊ֪Լ˵꣬е㷲Լҽѧû̫Ȥģ˵ǰҲֻǰֻҵԱҪһһǰ߶ѡ
ڣܳɾҵҲõġ
ܳɸ磬ѧҽǼİɣ躰ѡģ߮ܳɻﻰ˼ΪոܳʽǳϤ
ƽʱûô˵ڵȤд
˵Ȥֻϣ飬ԼȤѧҽϣȥѧдûȥ
ô˵ô˵ֻΪ˼ĵѡ
ûƣֱӸĵġ
ҾޣҲֻˡҲˣǴСɽ߳ġ˵ܳɻǾ߮΢һġ
û¡
ΣؽܳܾԶĻܳɴûκ˵
Ȼƹؾصˣǣʵϣܳǰ꣬ϷΪְҵң·߲ͨ
ȥҽ̣Ժ󿴿ɲԴ½ҵȻַ֣Լ߲ͨ
ңܳҲȥۣУ԰֣·߲ͨ
꣬Լӽ֣ԼǸͨͨƽˡûʲôı£ûȥרҵٵóɹĻᣡ
ֻѧҽҲֻ·ˣ˵ҽʲôˡ
ʵ֮Ҳˡ
ͻȻ֣ԼĳɼãҪҽѧרҵĻÿУųһꡣ
ǿ˳ߣԵʱˢˡ
ˢĲֹһңȫûһˣãȥ˺ϴѧУ
֮ܳɾ֪Ѿˡ
ҽѧٺúøĻôԺҵҲ̸ʲôȤͰˡ
ֻܳԼķʽⲢûʲôã
Ǹͨˡ
رˣǰΪʲôԼϲѧҽΪʲôϲǹ̹ľ̵ˣбɰɡ
ܳѾˣҽѧĵ·Ҳߵͦá
߿֮ѡרҵԼѡôôܸģ߮ʡ
Ҳ֪ҾûѧУ
ܳҲ֪ԼôģҲȥʣǸ˵ܳɿ˴ѧ֮󣬰ͦĵġ
߮ܳɵļ˵ôĻһͦĽġϲܼ
һôá
ܳɿ˿߮磬︴ӰTMΪйңҲû취
ļҾһ£ҿˣȥˡ泯죬ͿԼȤԣ
¶£ᣬܳѾȥ۶Դÿһһľʣͺñڣһ･ת
˾ñʹĥܹõκ;꣡
ҲһҸ飬ʮ֮˾ţǾµĻǻڹȥǰߵİ
Ҳʵ֪ԼϲʲôҲ֪Լϲʲôɡ
Ϲ¡ܳɵ۾΢е졣
βɬֺ죬ѵĺ졣
ЩĽᣬǽ١
ǰǽŷ֣еһж̫ҪиԵԵûѧҽͲģˡ
һжܺãԼİš
79ѧ141245Ӣ91
ܳɼ556
߿֮ǰܳɵģɼ90֣һʮ¸
һͶ578
Ǽ£ڶȥ˰ꡣ

ܳ˵Ĭˣ߮ҲĬһ֪ôܳɵĻ
˺һ֮ĳĬ
һ¾ȳ


һʮ ̸Ц
ȱŲλóҽȿ˵
ע÷ҽûֳȾġֳָӡ
·ͻȻȻֳȵľ飬Ƶ飬Ĳ࣬ʵҶǵһȣҲ֪ҽˡ
Ҳ֪ǵһʱûã˵涼ûˡ
Ȼ˵ѵʹ֮ǰȳ˵ҽģǸʵбͨѧϰ֮
¼Ȩûκ˿Ӧͻ¼ʱȫ׼ǲˣɡ
ѧϰġ
ܳɺ߮ʱԼƤɽҽָӺ鳤Ѿǰȥˡ
ٽһ£ֳֹܵвָͬӣÿԼָӣҽָӣҽкܶҽƶӣƤɽҽƶӵĶӳұˡ
ҽԺڵļһԺܵȣҲÿרƵָӣξҽ鳤Դơ
ܳҲ߮綼ҽСĳԱ
ֻһƨɶסܳɺ߮·
ÿ㣬ÿ㣬ܣߡȫһָϷԸ˼˶ƣԷͻ¹ʵķ
ܳɺֳ߮ѾΧˮйͨ㲻ȥ˼ˡ
ҡ
ֻʮ룬ٵƲأֳ̧
æ̧Ϳ貿˴֡
һ£רҵļȶӵĳԱҪ֧ŵԱǴӸ˸˳
˶һıڹˣ߰˸ˣǸ˵׳һ⿸ųˡ
˸ճ׼õҽƶӳԱǰȥ飬϶侲
ͫʶԡ
֫ˣѪδʧѪ
ް״
ǻ
ĸȺԼרƵļ֮鳤˵
̧ߣת˵ͽҽԺʱעⲹҺ
˶󣬲ֻڿ˵ʱҽԺ֧ԮҽƶӸϵÿרƵרҽгԣ򵥵ʮʱͿɸԵĳɸѡò˵ת˺ֳȡ
ԴĴ
Ͼͱĸ˿˵ϣⱼ߶ȥˡ
״߮ӣŤ죺˶ã
ҪǵһʱҲô˵Ļ߮ź
ܳһ߮磬ʣǵһʱϹİɣ
ǣҸϹ֮ǰݼٵĻʿҲֳҸҲ˷Ӷʱ䣬ֳûǻм˱
ûļǵķθпܾȹʣµ棬ֻȹĸ߮ţЩꡣ
Ѿˣܴ򼸸ӣ
ܳ϶˴Ĵָ˿ʼȺΧߣܾĸѾˣ㲻ڵĻһŲġ
Ϊ˲·߮ܳ˶ؾص˺ü
ʱȻ洫һУˣڻߵ΢пԵĸˣҹĵط˶ҪֳֹѪУ
ö˿ʼӦͽ˼򵥵崴
˵ĻһŮʶȻ̫ѵģҪֳ˶Ż˹ʱ۾һɺ󣬾
ظʼȥ￪ʼƤϹβš
Ѫ߲ʵѪѪϡ
״ŮͷƤˣ
ҪޣԽԽ
ͳѪԽ࣬ġ
ѻ˵ֱס
˿̣д˵£˱侲Ļʱ仹ᵼ´ѪǣһˣĻŲˡ
Ŀӱ¶Ҫӵʱ䣬ͿҪ
ʹ
ҺʹŮӵеԺͳȻֻǼضĿ־塣
ʹ
߮磡
أ
߮ܳߣ⻰߮ϰǿ˲ӷ·һƵ꣡
¾֮ͷƤһϽʣʹǻʹǶʹ
һ˵ŵʱʹӼó޾ǰ׼õĹ߳ˡ
ڵʹ֧䣬ʹɼ֧䣬ȫһġ
ʹҲ֪Ů΢
߮˵ȰѱƤ˰ɣҹܿҲסˡܹʹ
˵꣬ѲȦҲ˲ˣֱӴҲ£ʼһһؽͣ
ֻƿƤһ㣬Ȼϵעҩ
ʵõʽȫ飬ã
Ůĺƽû¶ĵλʺϵģΪ˾׼߮ٵͬСһ׼ش½룡
Ʋ죬ʵ򲻵һʱ䣬ӦĲ
߮ĶŮļ˲ʹ𽥼Ա߻档
滹ֹʹˡ
е㲻˼顣
ţ߮˵˳мɣȰѹ
ֻǣ߮ͻȻ֣ܶ˶Ȼؿ
ΪһռĵΣҪ˳ȥλڿճ˷ʱ䡣
߮ɫתѵҰɣ
еϸ
ʱһͨ˳ܳɵԿʣߵ߮˿ڿŮһĻ˸һ˸ǻȥ
һˣ˫ֽرŮֱ۶ûˣ֪ǲ¡
˵ĴȣҲǳ˷״кϣѪģпᣡ
Уе̫ˣòҪһתƳСԱߵһӳҲǽڵֶ˶˵ֽţ̶ֱסˡ
ͬǯһ㣬÷ֺ
ҪʯͷῪ𣿡Աߵʣ׼æ
У˿ûˣҪֹѪڵ
ʱ򰡣黹ԵġȻЩ˵ףǻ˿Ҳѹס˶Ķ϶ˣڸֹѪš
óȻῪĻ˶ûˡ
ֻ˵ʬŪû⣬ҪȹĻֹѪ
ٿ˼ۣȻ㿴ܳ꣬ܳȴмͱ׽סΪ
ʦܽȥ𣿡
ˣʲôң
·ÿ
ڰʶܳɵģæ˵ҽóֹѪȥɡ
ܳҲûӲֻǵŻظ
ٸϽ˵Ǹ˷Ž
ܳŵ塣
еĽ߮磬߮Ϥ˲٣ûʶ̫ˣոհ˵ľ֮ǰƤɽģƤɽֽ֮顣
иҪܳɽܳȴѾȥϸ̽ͷƵ
˵׽ڣҪֹѪǯ
У
ٶУȰһ߻أȻһغ
ܳһ
еģʮأе㲻Ѱۿɼģˣһַ֧
ҪȥֱӼбͬŶɶܶĻ
ΪסŮûλøֻܶԵ֧ʱбմ
˺ܶ࣬һ˴һ˽һʱܳɾյʮֹѪǯ
˲޾ˡֹֿܳѪǯ󣬶ԱߵԱ˵
ǯӼб֮ǰõ𣿡
ǿԣǶʱ׼ˣǴû°ɣԱǵ֮ǰܳǰȥǸˣǱ̧ȥġ
ΪܹϾȥʱ򻹽еܳǰܿûˡ
е£
Ҽб֮û¡˵ţܳ˫ͬзǯһģҿ˳Ż˵ķ϶ֱӰǯӼ˽ȥ
·׽һһζһķ֮ܳɾͼбˡ
ԱҪ˵ȡ
ܳȴæһ㣬УԤˣҪбһǯӣ
˵ͷҲпӣΪոյƶ˿ں˴ɫѪҺ
ܳسһǯӳٷбգ
ƾڵһȻſٵˣϽŪͷ­ˣƻֳУ
е𣿡ܳʡ
ȲֹѪ𣿡ܳɵĽٵĲһ
ҪŮкһӷֳ̧ȵġ
ܳҡͷУˣոҲʱ򿴵ͫѾСȥĻܾҪˣ
Ͽ­
ֳȣΪء
ܳûϸ޾Ϊ޾
ң޵Ļôֹ֫Ѫ塣
֧Ļʣ⣬ôͺ壡
һ㶣ոջͫף
ɫ㵡
ոܳɵһȭˮˣһģֹѪǯ׼ٵؼб˶ˣ㻹пȥͫף
ҪȻܾˡ
ֻһСG棬˻Ӧ
ϾֳңҽƳطҲװôװþߣʱģªĹߡ
Ҳðɡܳһ˵ţǱߵܿؾͰѻصһ֡
ˮɢԱǷǳĵط˸㣬ûӰ쵽ܳɺ߮磬ҲûӰ쵽ˣҲ֪Щˮǽ˿ȥʮֿ¡
Ҳרҵģֻרҵķһ
֣ͷ΢Ų㡣ǸҸͷܳһ˵һѾǵӵĲ
ΪʱԱֱӰͷƫˣѲϣ
ⶼпܵġ
ӵϰ΢ƽŲ˴߰ףܳɾͰַˣȻ˿ʦѡ򨶥㴦
ܳɶ˵һ䡣
һӽʮ׳ĸߴ࣬ܳɵĻ㶣զ֪
ܳûͣˡ
ҵרȻҲǼܵȼߣøãոսĶλҲֻǲ²⡣
еֳȴʩǲ²⣬ֻCTܹ׼λ
ܳɵĻõģλ׳пͷƤ֮ûֹѪֱƾָоͰѵ˽ȥԱߣһڲͣעעˮ¡
­ĦʱµĻֺܶಢ֢ģĸеѾ뱸
ܿ죬ͨ˽ȥо˵һͻƸкȻسʱȻѪҺ
ܿͱѪסˡ
ĺ֮ǰֻǽŽɣû뵽λû
ܣ
ﴦҽƳϷԸȻܳɷȥͿܳתս֫ѾǷŽȥֹѪǯһѣ
ֹѪǯ̡û뵽˻ߵĴȲжˣܳɵ־˶ԿƤͬ˵ĹƳһ䶯
ţܳɰֹѪǯƨһ̣һѡ˼бա
ߺˣ԰ϳʦܳӢ
ӢϴѧҽԺƵĽڡ
ϴѧҽԺƣȫŽǰʮҲֳѹĵӢԱߵ֣Ƶ档
ӢǿƴΣƶΡ
˶ǽڡ
˿ڰæѪףͨ
һ˵УǱߵĸֹѪûɣ˵ֱ̫ˣǽ֫
海һȻŷ֣˫Ŀ߮硣
߮˿ҲȻʮֱָӰѸбˣæʱܲôˣҽƳʱ򣬱Ҫ崴ǻ
԰ˡ߮ĿѪ˫ֵҲѪ߲
߮˿С֮ϰλø
ܿͰѻŪˣȡʱûзѪѪ
˶һ
ϽתˣҽƳϽм
˵ɿ
ûлԳѪҲûУתˣϡ
һ˵ţܹˡ
˺ܿתˣŶȥĻӢǿƵˣŶһ·񱼣ȥ
¶ˣȫõ˵һʱֳΣ
Ͼкü˵Ȫˮܳɵ˵ϴϴɡ
ܳɺϴֵʱԱߵ߮еĵſˮ
ޡ
ޣ
մȾ˻ߵѪһǽ֮ͣǰ߮ڼбնĹһֱǿţġ
Ҳ࣡
Ѫζ߮θϷ๾š
ûҪԮˣϰҽƶӵ˷Ը󳷣Ŀռ䡣
ǵսˣ˵սҪ
ȥ߮ĺ󱳣߮綼ûüף˫ѪܵſȪˮƿȪˮڣøۡ
ѪѪܣ
߮˵ʵǸجεģ
ոգ߮סˣ˶ûвѪû񣬶һܵĹ衣
ͬʱζ
һж߮ԣʵǸ̵ġѵζֻƵ˲ᣬڴΪǾϹ
û°ɣ߮磿
߮ڲҡͷܿ͸Ż˳׸Ͻסθﰲţ۾Ͼͺˣθᵹܽ˱ǻ
Ȼ˦˦ͷû£ʦлл
׻˰ɡΪ߮絹ˮ
˿̿߮ģǻҪֳһ߮Ҳǲȥˡ
ǰȻûߣֻվһԣص߮磡
ʫ飬û߮˵ģǰûˣҪһӵġ
Ҳע⵽棬û˵ʲô
Ȼ˵ͣʵҲ̨׵ģ֪ʲôʱʲô£ڿ϶ΪѺ˺߮磬ܻĻ졣
ܳǱߣϴ֣ϵһѪ󣬾ͷ߮߸ŻҲϽˡ
ߵԱߣȻֶſȪˮ͸߮絹һ߮ϴ֣һ˵׽ڣˮɣȥϢһ¡
пմһܳɣ˵ǽܳɰɣҽԺġ
ܳɵͷǵģ׽ڣĿǰǰҽԺĹࡣҵĴʦǲ̶
ܳɸϽԱݡ
ǿ˿ԶĿȻѰŵûȻ飬˵ˡ顣
㵼ʦ˵꣬ȥҽƶӵķ
ȻȥҽƳλãȻûָӣ͵øЭȺͼĹ
ٵʱתûܳɾܾߴӦĻᡣ
ܳ΢е⣬Ҫʦ
һͷʺš
˭
ĿǰϴѧҽԺԺԺǿƵĴΣȻ˴λãԺڰ
ˣʡľ֮һվ£ܳڹƶȥͲ̶ˡ
߮⻰һЦһߴ֣һߵܳɸ磬ð׽ڽԺʿ֮ǰٽһ
ˬˣ׽ڿɴǰԤѧλõģ
⻰һ죺ǰԤѧλãֻϲˡǰһеؼ֣Ͷִ˶
ܳĻ΢˰벽λ˿İˣЦ⡣
˲˵Ҳ϶ǽˣͷܴѹ˵֡
ܳɽžͷ֣濿ʱ߮΢΢Щ˲ƺЩµӡȻػһЦԱˡ
ήСŲŲ󣬵ڣ˵ʵȫᣬ𣿡
߮˿Цܳɵһο߮ģǰ߮磬ǶǶ߰
ǰ߮ҲֻƽԴżԼʵǿȣԲսս
Ҳ֪Ϊʲô
ֶֻȭͷָָܿԱߵλãȥ
һ£
߮ͷ·ĭȻӲͷƤ˵ͷõģʦ
ȻܳһۣҲ˵ҲһȥϢɡǽܳɰɣ
ҿ֡
ܳ
ʦҽܳɣǰҽԺǿƵĹ࣬ҵʦǲ̶ܳɺ⣬˭ȫûӡģô֪ˣ
һϢĵطߣȻ˰ڳεС
м䣬ܳɺ߮ߡ
žˣҲʫɣҴ绰ˣ˵ϴμʱ˵ĻʵǴģ̼㣬Ҳ֪
߮ͷ߶µؽ͵ʦҲ֪Ǹ
ţ
ʫ꣬ǹƴѧ
ֳʱ򣬾ˣæ˺ܶӦƷ
߮˵⻰ʱҲ΢еΣ˵ʵڻڼʫVXʱǾĲģ鷳ġǴűġ
ǣ˵ʵڵģʫȶְ
GҺö˶˵ȥףû˵һ̣߮
ȥӦףǿ˶ֺʦĸϣͱ˶ۣ˵
һҽÿˣ㳤ò˧׼߶ûﵽϲ
ڶĴŴ磬ȫ²ǧļҾ̫áŲԣ̫ʡ
ĹȶֻǸдС˵ġ벻ȶҽöԺڵҽ㻹ߡ
ģҲûʲôŻ
ǰ߮綼˵ûŻĻ߮ǲġֻǼ˺ѣ˼죬ֱӰʫŪˣܹ
ʫ굱ʱܹôððʧʧֱӶڰƺԸйأȷеˣֱֱȥһ㶼¡
ȦҲһ񣬵ʵϡ
ŮƷԻǲġ
͵ʵ鰡ģʫƤû˵͸Һϸһ¡
㣬Ͱ˵ס
ʦʦĸ㰲ŵ׶һˣҲѵŮаĿǰǰҽԺоȻʵҽԺеġ
Ҳ˵ѧƷԣԲŴӦףŮԼԸ˵ѧϰΪأƵýʫȥˡ
ˣʫҲǱҳ軵ˣԾ˵һЩ˵ĻЩҲߣ˵ˡ
վĽǶȻվһ˵ĽǶȣҶ顣Ȼ飬Ͳص˰
˵Ƥһеˡ
߮ŪĲɣŪԼȡõĳɼ˵ҲȽȤǹųĹӣʫҲ߮ĵ
ֻǰҲ֪ԼŮײ߮磬̺ܸ߮ߣϽ˰
߮룬涼ߣˣ̸£ǾͲһѧ̸ôˡ
ʫأǱһǻѪȥ˹ƴ󣬵ʵЩڵģҲˣԵǸ࣬͵űҵ֮תеġ
Ȼ߮͸ṩתеһЩѯͽ飬ⲻ߮ô
أȥ˾͹ȥˣʫҲ֪Ĵ󡣲Ҿֻһζӱܣǲ̫˰ɣҪôֱӶϵ˵
ҪôǰԼǵĻˣⲻ·ŮˣĻǴΪɣؿ߮磬˵
߮΢еΣͲƭСŮɡ
ѧŮӣƭһ̲ܹƭݵġ
汾Ǻģ֪󣬷߮һֱˣ͸ˡȻʫҲдҲԼıŮԼİײ˰·
ǱԺģûȥǹ˼˷ȡ
ţõģڣһ鴦õġ
֮ǰѾ°ѺѸˡ߮ͷеţ±
ܳһԣسԹϣԵñġ
ԭ°߮԰ǵĹŮ·ˣò˵СӵĵĴ󣬾Ͳҵʱ򣬱Ӻͱһ
ͱ£Ʋеġ
ܳû˵ֻǾسԹϣԹ϶ð
ţҪģҲʫܹߵһ߾û˺
ֻⲻ׵ģŮίǿȥġ߮ļ򣬶ˣǸǳ츳вŻĺӡ
߳Ľɡ
Ǽû취Ӧ֪ʵҲѪƵĴֻе
Ȼ̨ȷе㲻
ǵüȥ澹Ȼֿʼ߮
߮ɫ𽥱أգ۾ŵ棬һ·ɮ붨һ㣬ζȥ
ܳȻûڣֻ뵽߮ǰ˵ģԼ˹¶顣
Ҳе㸴ӡ
ں߮˵֮ƫͷܳɣ´һܳɣܳСӳ໹治߮ÿ˲֪ٱ
ŻɣҲǲ߮磬ǧˡ
㿪ڵǽܳǰɣ
šܳɺΪʲôҪ˵ǲ˵Ů߮
Ҹ˵Ҫߴߣˮʹ
ǧҪǰɱˡͻȻ˵

ܳɵϸֳ˸֮ɫȻʣڣ˵Ǹ˵ģ˭
˭
֣
ܳ뵽ΨһһȥϵʶˣᰡҪ˵Ļܻ߮תôأ
˭ҪҪԼô롣ҲһҲôһ˵
ʶˣҸոҲԼɡ
˵飬ҿɲϡ
Ҳ֪ʾ껹ǰʾ꣬˵վˡȻ˶໥ԭؾֻʣܳɺ߮Сֻ
ܳüͷݺһ塣
˵òףʵˣոˡ
Լʶ
ᵽˣ߮硢ʫꡢˡ

ƵǸӣ
˵Щأ
ΪʲôҪĿ˵أ
ʫǹۣ
԰֮ǰ߮ף
˼΢ең·ֽⲻǰ˸һ
ΪʲôԼ˵أѻš
ܳɰ˼⡣
߮˿ȴ͵ƫͷɫӵؿܳɡ
ܳ׵ۣҲװֱһͷĺͿˣ˿ôһ˵߮ͻȻ˹
ϴζֺʦĸŵ׶ǰĻ֪ΪʲôʫˣҲ֪ΪʲôʫΪʲô˵Щˡ
ӣԼеⰡ
ûǰ飬飬ˣֻǸոôһ˼·ǰô£ôˡ
ܳɣ
ܳм
Ǯ
˧
ޣ
û˧ݡ
߮һĭ
ܳΪ߮绹Ϊ֮ǰѪĭأû룬ֻͷое㿴ס

ܳɺ߮ˣ˼ʱȫ벻ܱߵӿڣСֻŮӣֹ
㿴ǲҪǸƤһ鷳ˣŮʡ
Ҳ֪ѽҰӦòɡһŮأȻһŮʡ
û֣˵ʲô
ҲѽôԶŮü
㲻ҽҲȥ𣿡һŮʡ
ʸȥŶ˲רҾǽڡŮʧڲ̸į͸ӵ齻֯
С᲻רҺͽѽһʡ
Ů̾˿ĽĿ䡭
Ҳȥûʸ
ô˿ʱ棬һȺ̸Ц


һʮ Ե
ʫ꿴˿ԼĹۣȻע⵽Ŀįʧ䡣
㰲ο˵Ѿˣ߿֮󸴶Ҳ˱ưڻоһֻǸСء
ʫѾƱҵоڶҲٽҵĿǰҲԽԽ֪ʲôʱתҵɹ
ΪĺѣҲ֪Ž츳˵ϺãҲ϶صȵĲиŬֲҲоȻоѧУҲǺܺãȫԼŬġ
Լλȥֵ࣬ػصͲðοˣҲеġ
ͬڵˣѾߵúԶԶˣȻ⿴ʱܶ࣬Լĺܱÿһרҵо׶Σ츳ĲͻԽԽ֡
Ϊ׶εĴңѧԣŬͬŬʱ츳Ĳ࣬޷ʱĶѻֲġ
ԶĲ˵߮磬ûѺܶʱ䣬㹻רҵϣ˦Զ
ʫͽ˵ΣҲİͱ˱Ⱦͺѽ
ϣҲοġ
ʫúܣҽѧֿΪۼ֤˶ọ̃ܲħʹ࣬ǰȻȫʹѣȥǰһ죬˵̱ʱʹȫԾ
һ죬ܾҩʹô뿪ˡ
ΪǿʹȻʹ͵Ҳһ̶ϣ͵ĸо˼ά
ʫΪõѣ֪̣ȥǰźһûӣûȵϰ
ǣź޷ȫ
ʱİʮ꣬ΪźȥɼңԼҲͬ⡣
үүĹǻң˵Ѽ̵һߡ
㿼˴ѧо϶ǽˡǽˡ
ڹŴҪŮġʫΪð΢ĵ㣬ͿЦ
֪һ·ߵж࣬ѧϰʱ˭࣬˯ñȹñȼ磬ÿΰȥʱ򣬾ԼԼѪ
ѪҲ򲻶ʱ򣬲Ż档
Ѳֺ࣬ܶ࣬ʵеһѶ鷿

߮ϢʱɨܳɵüüȦΪеƵƫͷȥ
һֺŨشܸС
ܳɳú˧ҲвţΪļر֮һˣ΢˵㣬ûʲôë
߮ҲԼܵùΪƫƫǡʱܳɣڰǰǸ֮ǰĻȥܳ档
ԼҪҲֻܺܳɱдС˵ܳɲдС˵ôѹҲûá
ҵר߮Ҳȫܵģ˵ֵ߱ϸѧ԰
˸Ǹ֮⣬ֶһ˼ˣҲµˡ
߮ҲдС˵Ͼֱ֯£һ׬ǮĹҲܵġ
ȻԼҲֽܿҵĿǰȻδܹȫ⿪Ľᣬǣôһ̶ϣˡ
û취Ƶġ
߮籾ΪԼβȥõˣɵ棬ǿס˿־ȥˣһνǰվǴ˹ȥ
ʵĲŵġźòȥдС˵治Լرؽ飬ĿƲס
߮Ǳߺ˼ʱܳҲں˼롣
ֻܳһǰĿۼģϣ֮ǰս˵ĵڶģ̣ĺã
εģ̣ܳڵõ˿ԻذҽԺʱڳ⳵ϣ΢һʱ䣬ʱƵġ
̻ܣ뼡ֲ綨弶
̻ܣֹ֫ؽ綨弶
֮ǰܳΪʱԼȥѡԹ̻ôļܡ

õģٹ̻ļȼǴõѧ;ͨܡ
̻ܣΪģʼЯϣôĴ˷˻ᣬֻǹ̻˾ͨȼļܣǾͿˡ
ֻûüúõ˼һ£һź
ܳٿ˿ԼȼѾʮĸȻд󲿷ȻǹǿƵIIܳԺ⣬⻹ֻǿʼ
IIȻѧˣҲܺá
ķּǸ׳̶ȽлֵģǸҪ̶ȣʵÿһּܶҪѻιˣȥIIIûIIIļܣҲԴͨ
ǻʵĺôʱӦ䣬䲻ڡ
൱ڳ˷ǻڼӷĻϣӦһ㷨򣬱˵ǼӼ
ȻܳٿԼĵڶģ̣
ʼЯϣ1.ȼܰͨ2.ҽѧӢ
Ϊ˱֤⣬ܳɲδѡĳʼܡ
Ȼ󣬳ʼЯļܣ̻ܡ
ֱǣ֫ʾ鼰Σ綨壩뼡ֲ綨壩ֹ֫ؽ綨壩
ʼģ⡣
ΪֳȣҵڵһϿɣصԭλ󣬻˵λ쵼Ŀ϶ͬʱϼҽʦȥѧϰ۽磡
дõסԺҽʦ淶ѵʸ󣡡
ܾ˿Ժ룬ܾ˶С룬ȻȻϣΪһҽ
䳬ޣ뱻ܾˡδѡ˳Ϊ˵ؼĵǲԱΪһ120ӵפԱ
һµȣԶսڵһߣΪʵļܻʵĽѧ飬ӡңһڣ˲ڰ뾯Ա
ٴύ˳Ϊҽ룬򲻷Ҫٴαܾ
ΪʵõҵڵĹ㷺ϿɣΪģ㱼ȫصһǰءΪļȾʵһصõߡ
Ǿħ֪ҽԺļƣ֦Ȼܾǵ룡
ڣڰ˴ύ룬Ϊĳֿ뾫տļˮƽĳУڱƸ¼ȡ
Ѹߣ޷뵽ѵ֮Уˣֻ֧ԮҽƶӳԱԴ˼Ϊ⣡ڲμӹĵ죬Ҫǰһߵľġ
εȣΪΣգָⷢϣֳָͬ飬˶ֲָɹ̶ֹѪֳ֮Ÿָӹ
һΣõ֣ʮ꣬Ϊ˶ӳԱ
ĸĸ֪˵Ϣؼһݹܾ˸ĸһСĸĸʹ顣
СӣһԱĶԱ㼰ϼ߿࣬Ͷ̫ƵۣԸٸͬС
ǣĶ飬ֻʣˡ쵼̸ϣܹúñԼԼ㲻ΪĶɢĶֻһˡ
ʮִ꣬ĹУʧ¡ʵ㱻ˮߣһҰ¡
ºĹ۳ָߵ֮أ뵥λȡϵ˴Σ˲ᣬĵλתҵ
ǿϴʵؾܾҪº㿵Ժ
ʮ֮ٴύ˳롭
Ϊ쵼㣬ԱһߣһУʧȥһֱۣ쵼ȭȭ֮ģתҵ˵λ
Ϊ˸һȹ

ʮ꣬Ȼһ㸸ĸѴӣĶ䣬ݺݵ㼸ơʹ顣
ҵһҽԺƤϹ
ĸĸʼ޻£̫Ҳ޼ҵ˲ûԸ㹲
꣬ĸףȥ
ڶ꣬ĸҲ御˹¶Ҳһ򡣡ɥ޵гƺҲԳΪ
㸸ĸȥĵڶ꣬ٴ뵽˼ܵȵĹҼֱֳָӡΪļʶ㣬ܿ͵õ˵λϿɣҽţֶߡ
վ꣬ʮ꣬ڱħһ㵱ǰѾ޹ʣסԺʱǻ
꣬ЧȥϺ£ҽԺѵ绰ԭλ
գҽԺſڣȦءڵسǣճδսԱʿ԰
ĵڶ꣬ڵλʱ˴СսۣһǧΣµӽ׷һȹ
ģ
ģۣϴ㲻һϸҽȼȲҲһϸӣδТڣҲһϸѧߣδܽˡһļᶨߡ
ϴķ޼ܵ
ѡһ
սȣͨ
εģ⣬ֻѡľֻһΪģĹУܳɲûлüȼϵ
ľһ־ꡣ
ȻҲе㼦ߡ
ôҲһˣ͵Դˡ

ʮ껹û飬ʮʱ򣬾ͱħ
ȻӢۻǲôõģ˶ԣӢۣǶԸ˵ļͥ˵Ǿѣ
ܳɿ꣬ĿⲻƳűԱ뾯ǣȻ𾴡
֮УͱԼСĴڣԼԼ飬ԼԼļͥʲôѡ
ΪҪǾˡ
֮ǰܳڰ·ϣֱ绰call˻õڣ30ӵȴʱѾˡֿܳԿģˡ
εģ⣬ܳҲ֪׸ôȥģȽϺˡ
һģ⣬ѧ
ȻѧϰĹ̰ɣе̣ûڣ
ôյĿΪ˾ˣ͸ոյļˣڼȵĹУܳɾԼΪеõģֻ֮ǰ飬΢еģ
ڶģ⣬ڱ
ԣرȥˣǻò˸õļܵģǵεģᣬҪôʹأ
ܳɻԥʱ򣬶ͻȻһȡ
ҪʲôϽͣٶĻģ
⻰˶վķȥ
֪ʲôʱ򣬷洦һ˺Ǵڲͳһͨ˫ѪЩطйͷ¶
ȻڷٿܼϰиֽжӣʳָжΣһˮඤ˽ȥᴩš
״ȥ׽ס֡
ˣҰڿǾܳˡ˱ץס֣޷󣬵ʶ΢еڵ
𶯣ϰһȳһǶӳ˵
û£ҵȱסˣ滹ˣǴڣǾȳʮֵ˵һֱ׳ĸо
һ˵ţԹԵǰש飬ƶһ
ѸϷһζˣֱץֵǸ״ȥú󱳶סͷصرǿصĻ˱ϡ
˹ȥ
εĻ󷭹Ǻۼֿ죬Ͻˡ
ˣ
ҪԼˣǶӳɤŸ󣬲ڳѪ
ոⱨ־ˣһ㶺˵Բֻˡǿ˰ùңҵıŶҿ֧Ųסˡ
ǿˣһŵס
ŵסƨ𶯣ǶӳһָԼǰ̣һ߶ָ˵˫ס
ͬʱϾͬѸոǸ󱳱ҵѪģһأҽƶӾڸһʱ鿴
ˣѪ࣬˻Բѡ
ͳȥ
˱ˡ
Բ𣬶Բ𡣡Ǹ˫ֶѪˣεصૡ
ֻ˵ʱ򣬻΢С˵㣬ñŵһʯͷ
˵ˣ
Ͻʯͷ̶ססˡ
𶯰ٶͻиˣ֪㲻ǹģǧ𼤶
Բ𡣶Բ𡣡Σžžવµû˺˵ģ滹Сոն˵ڲ֪ʲô
ǱңȾȳȥƺãԼСֻǳ⣬˾ͰˣҲ˼
׶ӳΣաһ˿ٵ˿æ͡
Ǿš˾ȳˣҪǡЩȥ鷳
ҽҽȻҪǣҽֳܹȵѵẦˡ
ܳ˼֮󣬷˲̫Ծĵطߵٶԣ˵׽ڣӦˡ
ⲻǳٷԵôٿܳһۣеɻ
ΪڣȻҪʶ㡣
˺Ӧϰָ徭Ŀûһ漰˵ʵܵвصˣܵвµĸӳٳֺͳڵľϰ
һܳ˵
ֳоѧѧʦҾ϶֮ǰǺ¡ܳɽ͡
˺ӦϰһֳӦϰһ£߻ԼϷŴԼҸĻԼܳȥһһҸ
ȥʹĻã磬ǽһ־
η
ǰʵ˻ûΣΪ˵־Ȼˣʵ㳣ļȷ롣
¥̸רҽǰ׼
ֵܣɱ벻
·ܳϸ˵
ܳһô˵Ƥ˱֮ĵˣ˵ĻõĻͲߵһˡ
ֻЦЦǿ˰ùңС
ֻӼˡ
ңҪʼ״ܳæڵ׽ڣȥͲ˵仰ɡ
ƫͷܳһۣ𣿡
Ӧòø
ܳûеõٵľܾתͷ濪ڵ磬ɱ˰Щֵܶ޹ģĺҲ޹ġʲôңҲûϵ
ͷһ·ɡ
߸Ӽˣ۾ŭغţûɱˣˣǿ㰡ҼֲסˣֲסˣǲҪң
֮£лڻζеʱĹ̶
ͱ𶯰ոǸƽʮšûˡܳɼ˵
˰ӵ̱ø
ǵʹһţһͨųһͨϾž˵ģʹͺñҽҲβģǾ͸β
˵ǲ㣬ԣȴɱ˵İټĻи˻ˣµСҲûˡ
˵Ļ͵û˵ɡҲ԰Ūܳһǰߣһ߼˵
Ⱥܳÿһͨ
Ҫ˵ﰡҪŪҪǾ˰˵
𣿡ܳɼʡ
ҷǲûˣһǰҽˣСȳһؿܳɡ
ͱ𶯣ʱСȹֻҪͿԣ
ȻĻƴҪһµĻҶûˡⲻɱǼȻҪĻҲ˵汳Ļ
ͺúõزһС
ǻСš𣿡
ܳ˵ʱӵ۾侲
һַ˳ӣӼȻǾ˲˵Ҫ϶Ը⣬Ϊ˾ԸԼСס֤ﻹһ˿ơ
ԣֻҪ˳˵Ͳٱꡣ
ܳɾ̸Աߵʹɫ
̶ܳǼǰߣߵӵǰ治Զλã˵Ӧÿ֧Ųס˰ɣ㻹ǵ֧סźð
ܾôˣȻС޹ģˣһҪǵĻ;ȵףϾ޹ģǰɣ
˭ʮ־ؿܳɡ
ҽ˵ģҲҵӡҾȲ㣬ڱôʯͷѹţҽһ㶼Բ˽չػ
˼ʱǶ˵˵ǼģǼڵʱ򣬲˵ʶĻҽͻ顣
ǶӣᣬȻֳеΣգǾͰɹˡܳһΣߵװס
ҲǱƹģò̶ȵؽĽ䱸
Һһ죬תע
󰡣۾ʣٿ˿ܳɺܳɴͬεٵˡ
ڶʮ壬תͶʮˡˣǽڣΡͱҴˡҸʡڵľ뢴ãˣʧ
ᣬʲôˣΣҲûϵܳɵѹúܵͣպþӲ
ƨǾİɣ
ŶʮǶˣʲô涨еܳƽ
ҳ˵˵ȣҲᰡֳôߣҪЩרҺͽġ
һһͬ飬һᣬŶʮꡣ
ոﻹһڵѪµϡﻩģ⻹ۻܳ˵ǰ١
㲻㻹СǱ޵ġ
ӴģҿֲסˣǻҪðӵĺ΢΢һ˫ֽץظֽԼ̶ס
ƿ˰ɣټһ£ټһ¾ͺˡֲʹ𣿡
ҿ;ʹȥ꣬Ҹ崴ʱ򣬲СеԼ֣ʹòˡܳʣʼ
˵ʹʹøաһܳ˵ʹǵһ
˵ҾҪֲסˣƤ˫ֶ΢΢˲
ʹʱԱͺӵģһĵĴ̼˺ܵġ
Բ硣̡Ҳ˵ˡ
ɩҪҪҸ绰ܳʡ
ƨɩӡұʹꡣ¸²μĻ񡣡˵⣬еȻ
Ȼ˵Һ࣬ҲǴѧû飬ҲǮȥʱˣȥ˸Ա
Լһʦ
Ҿһӡ˵ţȦʼ
Բ𡣡ܳɴˣǸˡ
ҲǸˡ
ðɣȥˡ
ǲĸأ
ȥˣȻҸҲѧˡ
ҰõѧѶˣҲáǺÿ¶Ǯ
һڲ١
˵ѧѧѿԴҴʮһ㣬ǴġΪеѵ˵á
ܳԣʱɫһ
磬Բ𰡣ᵽˡ
ǶˣлǸˣ
һУһУҶöĿǳõĸУÿ廪һɼܺã廪ܿϣǿʮУӦû⡣˵ԼãΪԺ
алϡÿκܶ࣬ҪΡ
ֻзڲеڡ
żٵʱ򣬻ûϼңÿ͹ȥһΡöһȥ˶Ҳͦۡ
һȥõѧУѸ˱ʮݣʮʮһ˵ֿʼ
ĸ磬ǻǺҸġҾûֵܽãúźܳɼ˵
иûߵܵܵĻӦҲϲǣи߽ĻӦҲᱻúܺðɡ
ǰѧУ˴ܣÿδ֮󣬾ͻᱻһ꼶˸ѵһ١ܳǻ˵
㻹ܣӺ⡣
Сʱ˭ܰиżũ壬۸
Ҽǵǰиѧ;תѧˣΪϵɧˡʱҲǮҵĺܣڻһЩ϶Ҳ
ÿεʱҾϣи߽㡣Ǹ磬һ򡣡ܳ˵
ӷǳǲǹô˵İȰң
ûȰ㰡ģϼҾũģСʱ򻹰æÿʱ򣬾ҪȥںˣѺȥֶһɳζ
£ҪʼͲ˻ˣ֮󰡣͵øˡȻףס׳ݣǸʱɹ
ã֮ǰˣըһ£ĺóԣȻʱ͵ûɵ׻ȥųԣζˡ
ϧ֮󰡣ûЩˡܳɶũ䣬ôģȻЩļ䣬ʵ֮ǰ
ܳ꼶ӴȥϵģЩ䣬ñũˣ㹻ˡ
ΪˮҰ˴ˣԾ͸ɴ಻ϼҴˣ
ܳɵЩƺܹõӵĹ飺Ҽũ壬ûµظɹҰǰ򹤣ǻڵʱҹû
үү̺⹫Ҳû¹ء
ܳʣ㲮˾أ
һû˵Ѿڵ
ʱܳɾע⵽Ѿӱǿʯͷ̶סˡ
ˣ̰ܳӵ˫ָ׽סˣ
Ȼ䲻ͬʱѻͬʱҲ˳
ӻŴ
ܳǰӵ˫ץţϣѧڵ·Ļͺúûţ
˵ãСãǽ㣡
Ƕԣһһ˵Ҳһ㲻Ϊ˭ҪǮеλȨһһ
ԼĲ˾費ãԼȥһþ˾ˣҪֻǵһø硣
һӣôҧҧʮ͹ȥˡ
ܻôһŵ˳֣ô
ܳɵģͬգɫᡣ
Ѿ˺һˣ˻ģ뱲ӻָ᲻̱Сӻо֮
㻹Ƿű˵ء
𶯣
ҪٶĻҾ˸ö绰ƵؿǰȥҪ֪ϵͳҪһ׵ġ
ôˣá
İˡ
İ˶ϣţǻôأ
˽һ֮𣿡ܳ˵һ仰Ӳֹͣ
ҽƶӵǰ˰
Ҳأ󱳡˫֡˫Ŷдˣãûдѣ˳Ѫࡣ
ܿ죬ͱת˳ȥҽƳϣмȥˡ
ȹȻˣ滹С֪
ܳɻͷһȺԱڽܹĵĹͷϵϸٴζһЩп
ǶԣҶİˣȻСҲҪÿһʵҪԲ˱˵ؼȡ
ʵԵ֣Ե


һʮ ռӰ
ӱһʱ󣬱ʱʱһ³Ѫתˡ
ţܳɵԱԴ
ȫ⽩Ӳʱ׼һսո˵汣С

֮ԱͿܵıϣСһ¶˳
һһŮŮӱСкӦǽ㡣
˵Ͷʮꡣ
ң˵϶ѪŮСк
ֺܽš
˿̣˵Сɷף̧ʱСкֻڽ
̧Сһﶼû۾û
״еĵʱһ
㵹ǿһ
ܳ߮ҿһץסһֻ
̽ﶼǧ°
ڣ
ڣ
ڡ
ѣѡܳŮӵ֣֮ܵ󣬸æһ

СŮ̷˺ѷεؿ־С
ļ⽩Ӳ鴤
ʼҰڶԼĵܱܵ˻
õ˵𣿡
Сûﲻ
ܳ˵ʱ߮硣
СкҲû£Ͻ̧ȥһ
Ĳ֤Ǻ¡
ܳɺ߮ʹ˷ֿСŮʼղ۾ҲԸſ֡
ֱҪʱŷš
ΣֻȰСһŲһطܵ˺
Ȼܳɺ߮˵һλ
Сһ۾Ȼŵ̾Ϳ˳
ۣ
ۣ޵ܴҲܺ£źʱ˿
ܿ޳ͺá
Сһޣ˲ųһȻϽ˷ֿ˵ϣȻһ泷һ߼ȫ
ܳɺ߮ΪԸľǡ
ûʹ
ûﲻ
ûУʹ裡
裡
СкСŮŻˣɫɷɷ׵ģһӵһˡ
裡
˰˰ֻܳܰο
ܿҲᱻȳ
ͬʱеɻСȻһطǵܾ͡
裬绰
壬ܸ绰𣿡Ůܳɣ۾ˮŰ޻
ܳɺ߮˶Ĭˡ
Сһﰡǵ裬ܲˡ
ûػ
СŮץסܳɵ֣绰òã壬Ҫ衣軹ûؼңҪ裡
ԱߵСкҲΣƺʲôˡ

ܳɸϽѵ绰˳绰٣
Ůкͬʱ˵绰ǵ÷ǳ׼ȷ
ܳɲͨһǳżĸŮι˭
ܳɻûü˵СŮ̾ͷ裬Һ͹ϹҲˣ
ĵ绰һҭ
ǺǻƺǱʲôҺסˣ˺ü롣
ûӦ
Ůֵ裿
ڣڡ
͵ܵүҿû¡

ʮ֮ܳɺ߮˸͹Ϲȷûʲôط֮󣬲ԱߵľѶ͹Ϲϵĸȡϵ
ȻܳɾͿһΧȹ˿ңȦͨŮˣԶ񱼶·ˤһӣܿ
߽󣬿ԼŮͶӶû֮󣬵ʱ˫ϥصع˵ϡ
Աߵľ̰
Сһ￴ԼҲǳȥ
˽һ
ܳɸǲʱ䣬ˣ긾Ů˵𵢸ʱˣӵĳû⣬ҪȥҽԺϸ飬ȻסԺ۲һġ
Ϊˡ
ŮǶµģŵˣϽվ˵ͷһֲֻűӺᣬ˵á
ãȥ顣
ллǣллǡ
ͣضܳɺԱߵľϹ
˵꣬ԼϹ˵绰Ϲ˵Ͼܸϵˡ
뿪ܳɺ߮綼ĵЦ
Ȼܳ΢룬ȥ֮ǰǸӱҽƳ߸СкСŮܺõϢ
ǾͺáˣЦ
ſܳЩɻı飬͵СһھӣҲ̯ܳģǻóԷҿ̯
СŵܵܿŵʱˣǶˡû¾ͺãû¾ͺá
ӻĵЦţ۾΢еʪ
ܳӵеأ׵ǷԹۡǴõĻӦֻǲ
ʱûΣյġ
ˣܳҲͷҲû˵ʲôת³ˡ
֮ǰ˵ôֻ࣬ΪȶӵʧܳκεȰ⣬Լû̸
ûֿ࣬ôȥȰο뿪Щ
֪ԼƴСһﶼûôˣӦûһ̶ȵؼ־Ժúûš
飬͵ÿԼȥĥƽˣҲҪԼûһŮоꡣ
ܳɣԼ
³߮ʣǸǶô
õ廤סԼӵСһʱҪһֱڼ֣
֣ĥƤǣͳ˵֮·
ûҲڸǲʵǸ˵ʵ
ûΣհɣýҽԺȷϣҪ̱ɡܳǳ׷ȫ˻߰УǿɾͲˡ
Σ˶ţǺ¡
Ҳֻܾ
߮糤һ˻ڣѾõĽˣҲǿ󲻵̫ࡣǵȺɡ
߮˵ʱ۾
ʮһˡ
ǹȥŰɣٳˣܾûôõˡ
߮ǳ˵
ݿˣ˻ģʧѪݿһʱۻḶ́ԼûֹѪξ飬һСˣҪ
ԺΣܻϾͲпᡣ
ֻҲֻ룬ɲ˵ġ
ϣ漣Ŀǰģ

Сһû°ɣܳɺ߮غپʡ
߮ҡͷǸֻһƤˣҲŵùǺ
ϵ˼ûתҽԺ̹ۡ
ǾͺãǾͺáһ
ոһߣҵһˣûȹٳ̾һˣŵ˵
СʱҲǺܶĵһߣ
˵꣬ɨܳɼۣʣոΪʲô뵽˵Щģ
ɲƽģҲǹǿƽ̸İٺܳɵ˵˼·Ȼ÷ǳ߼ԡ
ܳɾ˵׽˳ëۣȻұ㡣ÿĶб㡣
Ҳգ˵ǰŮѵʱ򣬰ŪըˣڣãҪʲô˶ûеĻƾˡ
ա
˵ߣȡӲľÿһߡûߡ
ûǣǶˣ˵ʲôá
ԣ֮ǰʵܳɾǸӣļ˾־ֻܳյѡ
Ĳġ˵
ܳæʣոǸҵû°ɣ
Ƥˣĸ߶Ȳߡûˡ
΢һ£׼أǵĶӳѵȥˡٻص
ܳ˲Ȼ𾴣
һɰСӰ

ʱ仺ţܳɵ˵ԽԽ٣
ҿʼ˶ϣǰȴ飡
ķΧʼ
ܳɷ֣еĺüʵʱüǿһµġû취ʱͿռ䣬һе
Ȼڼ䣬ֱܳ˼ΣȻֻ˵ûɣֻͨˡ
ܳɺ߮һ۵ͷ󺹵شӵһֳʱپͿ΢еźį
߹ο˵ѾˣѾʱؾԮˣû취
ûȹ¶ʱ򣬻ܳɺ߮£ɢȥⰴѹʮӣȻû
ܳɺ߮ͱʱˣȻķθգҲǰοѡ
ʮӵͣ㰴˹Ҳֲˡ
ٽ궼ʮˣٴ˶ꣿʱܳɺ߮ͶҪԼ
ܳɺ߮ȻҲǰȥģȴࡣ
˶΢ǳЦһ£֮ɫ
Ҳʱܳɵĵ绰
𶯣ܳɿ˿ܣû񣬱̧һʾǲ̶
ʦܳæ˵
̶ǱߣܳɵĶӵָһ㶺˵㻹ֳ
⣬Щŭۡ
Ϊֳֻ̫ܴܳ󣬲ԱŲ˵λá
ʦ˵ʲôܳæ»ء
ǲǻֳⶼˣˡ̶ʡ
㲻Ҫ𣿡
⻰һ㶣ݺݵԼԿǣǼģ
߮˵㡭
پֱһ߮磬ȻŭȥϢҪˣһΪǺҽƶӵء
߮绹Ҫ˵پֱˣǶԵһ
ܳɺ߮Ͼͱˣǰ˵ҽҽǻȥϢɣǻȥ
ˡ
ֳж࣬Ҷõ
ģġ
߮·ʱˣһֱ߰˸СʱˣܳҲǵһģǶֻˣ
ŵס
ټ߮ԥҪǲԸߣǿִаɣ
ܳɺ߮˸Ŵ˳ȥȻ˳˸˾ĿĵغںһƫһȻͳ˯ȥ
˾״һ㶣ոձ飬ѴˣůACȻܳɵ¥º󣬱ŵ³ܳɵļ򣬸ȥϢˡ
Ȼܳ˳ϳٰ߮͵ĿĵأٰѣȥϢ
Щ˾Щĵشſڣ¿񳵶ӵŶӴ˴ǷȻһƿȣ˯˼ʻλ
һҹעߡ

賿һʮҡ
ҽԺ
ƵڿԼĿһѵ˶۵֮󣬲ڵʣµŶ˻ˣѹойϰɣ
ְƵģһ˴¼ָģʽһҪر֤ȫ
õģΡ⻰һȺ˲ظ
֮ǰΪ˱֤֢˳УеϼˣùоȥϢһ³£оƶȫ
׼תģڵȵˡ
ҲԷֳɼ֢֢ͨȻȣķҲǼߵģ
ȻĬĬߣԼѧ˵绰
㱾Ϊ̰˯İƵһܽأȴ绰һͷЩӣƬ̺ʣûؼϢ𣿡
ڲҽԺʱͽ˰ùܣúϢƺ
ʦûһֱ绰أ˯ţҪһϿԻɫЩ˷ܡ
飬ϧûطõʫˡ
ʫ걾С־Ըߡģ߮־Ըߣϧҽƶӵļ룬ʫҲǱƵһȥڱϿϷ
ҲϣܹҵһĻᣬ΢Ҳð
ҰɣĹʱҲ̣ʱϢ㲻ϢĻÿסҲǺΡ
ǹʱ̫ˣ֪һ˴ģﲡԺʵҪϽϢ
ʱϢʱ棬ⲻ
Ҳᰲæģֻ֮ǰĲ˵ȷأ°տ鲻㣬԰еĹо˻ȥ
о͹Ҫģǻģǲִɨββ뵽ͷİ
Ȼڶо͹ҲһĥҪת䣡
ϼҽʦһͬʱɶ̨ǸǵĿС
ûϵʦҾܿסҶϵ绰̾͸ʫˡ
˵Լȥʫ˵ðɺðɣҸоѧϰƵġһ᲻ð
Լĳƽʱǲģ֪϶ҪȥͿ˳
㻹װǱȷɣҪɻȥԼһԷúõسԶٺõġ
ҲȥϢ˵Ͳȶš
ʫҲֻεߣֳͷٿԼϰһۣ˸Ĵָ
ڵݻѧľ־Ըߣ齨־ԸߣҲǰæˣڻúϢ鷳Ҳǰæˡ
ܻѧУ˲ͷҰ̣˵Լȥ־Ըˣ˱

ܳ뿪ֳĳ֮󰡣˼һڶ෬֮£Ǹܵ˵ֳҪ׼һѧרңԷһ
֮ǰܳһֱڼְ£ʱ仹ˡ
Ҳð˽ֻû뵽ܳѾôˣҲòܳ뿪
꣬ܵϾӦİźϵٽ˻ظ
ͬʱٵ˽˵绰ٴ
ˣҲϴѧҽԺ˴ĵ绰ڸһСҽԺ
ϴѧҽԺͲ˰̫ԶˣܱߵҽȻܲ㣬ʵҲдҽСҽԺ֧Ԯ
Σֳÿ԰
Ѿסˣһ˨ˣʵھȲˡȳ˵µĽ֫ʶҪС
ʼֹѪǯʱ򣬶еˣǿƵĻǸ˸İһڻصĵ绰Ҳڸٻ㱨ת˵ĺ
ǿصı֫ȻҪһ㱨ġ
֫
ǹǿƺͼ㻰⣬Ϊﲡ˲ֽܳ֫֫ϣ
ǣǰҽԺһСӡ
Ժܻ
Ч԰ɣԾСٳһ
ȻΪǿƵĴã֫СʱȱѪڣҲܱ֤ᷢ⣬ϾֱӼбҲͬҵֹѪ
Է㶡
Ȼ൱⡣
Ч϶ǻԵģȡ˨ܸϵĻȶܱסҲ֪Ѫڵ̫ˣԶԶ
Σִ˸𣿡Ц
ǿϴЦҲҿ̫ݣȻĻ͵˵˿ӻ
ⲻǽ
аɡ˵ˣ߻ҪǼǵϢҸˡٽ
ҲϢҲôˣ˵㻹ǴұгġԷֶ˵һ䡣
û֣áٽžҶϵ绰Ȼʼ
Ҫǵ⼫࣬תʣ֫ʣҽߵĵ䣬ֳҽƶӣҽƳϵפԱ
ܳɻصԼķ֮󣬾ʹҴææϴ˸裬Ȼڴϣ˸ߵӣ˯ȥ
û֮ǰܳɾ˹
ߵ㣬ܳɾ͸æϴȻʹҴҸ˿
Ȼ˿ңܳɵͷƤˣĲѾѵſڣˮйͨ
ңڻʿվһ˻һ𣬲ͣææĻʿʲôʱ˲ˡ
ڻʿվĶ棬ѷܺʹˣ˫ĿͣѲӡ
ɳ˶˫Ŀͨ죬Ȧ߹ҵغͲ˼Ͳ̸š
ʿҲǷˣںԼһ£ߺܶණͣԼһ¡
ʿ14˵סϲҪȥһʵϰʿų̫h
̫hƤһﻹдԼȥͷԷͬ⣬Ҹת
ڼƻʮԺĲˡ
ססϲ鷿ųԺͳһŰɣһ
û취Ľһ£̫ˡ
ʿ1075ʯֲˡʱ߳һˣȻӶʱ˹ǶƣȻĻϺ鶼вȥˡ
ͣ·ϣſڶסˣ̫hеڡ
⻹治ҽԺ涼ˣƽﱸжһٸǼơһǶãﹻ
ټϻгƽĲҲҪãͷˡҹ˴ģ
ܳɿĳ棬ʱһݣ۾֮󣬱ҽϢң绰ơ
ûӡ
ִ绰˲̶̶ˣʦǵļû𣿡
̶ܳɵֶúˣֱʡ
ҡ
Ȼ鷿Ͻ
ϢûУ̶Ըʡ
ˡ
ɡȻȥ鷿̶һ϶û˯ãڼСʱŰؼƵ񻹸ǧʢ
ֵɳ˶Ƕѯֻ֮࣬ǰԺԳ棬ҪÿƵԵȥƣӼƳͼææңȶţôಡˣ϶Ҫġ
ܳԸ͸ϽҴææҡ
ſڵʱܳɾɵˡ
ϴûˣȫȥˣϱùˣʱϴˡ
ܳɾʶò
˵ţһ·ˣܳõ˵һϴ£е֣Ҳ˲ô࣬ܡ
ҲûˣܳɾֱӰԼ·˹ӶȻҲȫû취
ֻϴµĿ㶵ñӺͿ־ȥˡ
˲̶˵䣬ܳɾͿϾͲ̶ƺȨ˼ʱ£ʬ
ʱʱߵʮһ
ܳɼ״æ˵ʦȥ𣿡
ȰƺȨѣҿ϶ҪġҾһֱæ̨ʮӡ
ϴ̨崴ѪܷˣϽȥʮż䣬Ǳ߻в˵أǱȸˡ
ܳһ
ضˣ
Ҳǣϵ۷ʱ̣Ȩߵλеʿˡ
˿̵ҽ֮⣬һʦţҲһʿҵĺţһ޾£ǾĿյ̫ˡ
ܳȻȨ˸Ϣһ£ǽͲ鷿ǺҪġ
Ͱ˸ҡˡ
˶Щ±ƣգ۾ѵ۷裬۾ˡ
˺һŻ
ʱܳɶѾ̨ˣ̶ǿˣвҪҪȥϢһ£
̶˵еΥģôˣȥϢǺͽӲˡ
ҽԺΪεļͣ˽еƽûǲˣ
һԡƵͷһϣС˼
ȨҲͷ
˱سңȥˡ
̨ܳϣһ߿ʼŲ̶֮ǰĲһʶϾϾһֱڸ𣿡
࣬඼رģ崴ͿԹ۵ġҪ崴ȻĻĲ̫ˣ
ҲбȽͨģȻͨҲϰ
ҽԺΪףģȻһЩ֢ûˣǻ˵ġ
ܳɾû˵˫ֲٵˡ
Ͳ̶ȥ࣬ĹܳɾͰѲ̶ʣ崴ɵˣʱܳѾʼڷVACˡ
֮󣬾ͿԽϾĤˡ
̶ʱ㶣㳹׳ϴ𣿡
ţʦ⡢ѪЩˡ˼ֹؽܳæԼЩ¡
̶û̫ףĿһ˵괴˼ֹؽŶð
ľЩ㱣һæһߺܳ˵һ߻ڻظϢ
̶ƣƳĶգ˶ˡ
ֱ˵ܸܲɵ£ǿǵƵľܺһ𰡣ǲ׵ġʣҪȻȥһ£
ڱ༭Ϣä֣һ˵Σáûˡ
ˡһ֮ä֡
ûԣʺš
ǱҲ֪æûظˡ

̶̾һȻȥ飬ȥʮżɣȥʮһ䡣
ڿﻹʮŸûĲˣƽ߸
Ȼ䡣Ȼֳ飬һ̨Ԥƽ֮ǰǿеĲꡣ
Ǳˣ֣˵߸סԺˣʮԺ̸Щ֮ǰһҪ
ʱĸ죬Ͷֵ񣬴춼һҹ춼æһ°ࡣ
⣬ͳһҵȻȥԷһҪ̶ȵؼתʱ䡣СƳ崴
һӲսӲͷƤҪӮ̶ţ˲ãĵΣͷûȾͿ˵ģʽ
ãæͷȻ˵ΣҵһȣȻ˰ɣҶûϢãǧҪʲôҽ¹ʡ
̶ԣܳѾʼβˣ˵ȥһɣһơ
ܳԵľͶ԰ɡԲˣ
ûнƵϰߣȷ
ãƸŲ̶ȥˡ
ܳڲ̶ߺĵؽŶϾĤܿVACĤѲػʿʦѲͻȥ
ţܳ˵ϾϢһɣȻˣҽ㡣
ܳڵ17䣬19/21̶ȥ1921ôʣµĿ϶ܳɵˡܳɴϾ̶򺣱ƴȨǻˡ
ܳɸ硣ңϾʵǲʵģܳɲ
˯ˣȥϢһȻ绰ϢǶãû취ܳæ˶ϾĻ
ĥĥʱ䶼ϴ˯һˡ
ãϾͷתˡ
ܳųһȻҵļʱ帽
ʮ˯ģߵӾ𣬶۵ùǺû˯
ܳ۾ʱһеôſڴ߹ȥ֮󣬻˼س˳
ȷܳɵݺ󣬲૵ôãȻҪ
Ҳ
ţƣƤԼĹλ̫߿ԼˣһҹֱͷƤˣ޲ùӰƤס
߾Ҹطȥ
֪ǲܵ顣
ңۣʲôأ
ͣԵġ
ҧؿ˿ͷʹ֮£˲˼֣첽Լڵȥ
ͬʱкܶͬʱ
ʱ䲻ǶദռĵӰÿһ֡ϧҶһ޶


һʮ Ѿ
̶˵ϢҺϵһ̣Ȼơ
ƵĴ̼һķθбѹʮܣеʹ̼Լǻҭ͸УҲò̶˲Ѳ١
˵ĿⶼΪ޹⣬Ƕˣۡ
ֻǣ»ûãϵĵ绰һҽԺڲš
ι
ǹǿƵҽʦĵѾ˵ʮ˚GҽôߵĲ˶쳳ˡ绰һͷһߴٵŮӵ
ƵʱüͷסҲ˵绰ҽԺֵ࣬ҽȡ𣿡
֪ûȡҲûյ֪ͨڿĲѾſˡжʮֻ˵ҽڲ鷿Ҫ΢һⶼŵˡ
ϲס˰ں߿࣬ϣϽȥ
գҲƵĵڶ
ƸоԼĵۡ
֪췢¼Ծʹ绰˵Ҫȡ飬ɻûϣڣѾ̿ˡ
ĲҲѾˣⲻǳ
Ĳ˲֪췢𣿡ܳѹʡ
֪˵ˣǹ˺ţ͵þҽԺ⣬ôҽԺⶼŲ𣿡
ҽڣôŪĵСҲֱʲô
һֱȥĻҲһֱˣֲǵĹ

̶Ƥһں󣬵ȥɡƣ
ңô㣿Ϊѵؿ˲̶
ȻƵ⣬·ͻȻɽ챾͸鰲䣬ԹһʱмȱһĻһᱻջȥ˵Ҳ֪ƶá
ڽȫҴȵʱԼϾûҲȥֳȶӵܳɣϺ˵ǣȻû潲
˵ĻͲ֪Ϻֻ˵Щʲôˡ
ĺѾ˳ȥ취̶С۾תͣȻҲ˼׸ô㡣
ǲ̫ˣԵҽ䱸̫٣
ңѾǰ˵Ҫȡ飬ҪôҽƲҪôǱ͵ˣˣô죿
ȥҽƳ
ҽҲиеʣʣʻ᲻Ծ
Ҳֻεذ̵ٸˣȻҴ﷽ȥ
˺ţҽԺûйٷ֪ͨҺŵĻ߹ͨŻǮ飬Ǿͽƹϵһһ׼
ʱﲿҽƿɲ˵ʲôɣųȥ˺ţ͵ÿ
Ϊ˼ʱ䣬ƻǵһʱﲿĵ绰ǰԼĺͣˣһǸҺŵĻ֪ͨöҡ
ΨһõĽ취ˡ
߳ȥ󲻾ã̶Ȼ̵ٸˣ߽ܳڵ䡣
䣬ֻܳһڣʣСܣϾأˣ
ΪϾ͵͵ܻȥ͵ˡ
е㲻̫á
ܳɵϾȥϢһȲ˽ӽ֮ٻңŵϢҲáʦҪϾ
֮ǰ̶ƾǣϾܳɣ򺣱ȻƴȨ
ȥôŻµһ¡
ţȥϢˣȥˣȥ19ʱȨæ
ġһʲô¶̶ֵ߳䣬һͳֻ͸Ͼȥ˵绰
Ͼ£⻰վƣӣٴνܹĵս
ңΪû˰æֻȵʮ߼䣬ְܳɽйȥʮżæ̧̽
û˵״£һֻܶá
Щ֮󣬶Ͼпտˡ
һϥؽڿ˵ģѪܵ¶Ϊӵ崴
ϾͷƤŲˣЩ֪롣
ҽѲػʿ
̨ûϴֻʿϴֻʿ۵ȥϢˣְģ඼Ѳأ
ȻҲϴ̨֣ûǫ̈°æˡ
ܳ߳ţ˿ʮ߼һտҲֻͷʮżѲطԸһȻʮ߼Ĳ֮󣬽̨
̨ɡ
崴ҲǺнģ򵥵崴͸ӵ崴ʵϸͲһȼֻڽּʱ򣬶ͳΪ崴ѡ
֪ܳIIIϥؽڿˣǶϾܴ˵ġ
ϥؽڿˣڼֳȫСcaseΪֳǰѲתҽԺס
˼ƣҲֻΪֶѣҽĿľǰѪֹסȻת뵽רơ
רƺʵƲ㿪ʼ
Ⱦβԭ
ǣֻǾȻҽѧռĿģֻĿġ
ͺñȹؽڿˡ
ԹǼؽڸ˵أɷΪȣ
һȣƤɹ۶֯ƹؽңڽСؽǺ͹·ˡ
ڶȣƤѻѹƤ֯ͼ֯ж˻ؽΧ֯˽Ϲ㷺ؽǼƻ
ȣƤƤ֯й㷺˻ؽΧ֯ʹѣؽǺ͹ˣϲѪܡ˻ؽλ
һˣɰջŧԹؽ״ɣù崴
ϾҧҧԳһµڶȿԹؽ˵崴ֵȵĹؽ˵崴ϣҪг֯Ҫʹؽ
ҪѪܺ񾭵Ǻϣ崴򵥡
ֲˣڼֳڿ֮УǱȽ΢ģ
ϾܳɵĻɴ⣬·˾һոգ̶̨ʱЩϲģΪԼõ˲̶Ͽɣˡ
ǽ󣬿˻ߵϾ޴
ܳϴ֡¡ף
ѲʦֹѪһ£ֹѪѹ̫ߣܳɷԸ
ԵĹؽˣѪˣֹѪѹ̫ߣ޷ֿԵѪˣ崴ף߾Ƿֲ˱Ӧ÷ֵѪˡ
ͳˡ
ٿһ֫۰ܳɴɨ˼ۺǷԸ
֫崴͹۰еǲͬģȻвظ˹۰һЩе˳У
Ͼһ̽飬Ѫܣ
ʵˣһҪѪ˸еܱܲ֫ĵһǰᡣ
ѪܻصĻˣҪôѪֲҪô֫ɣ
򵥵飬˶Ͼ϶û⡣
ӶϾ˵ģܳɾԼ
ȻĻ˷Ѻܶʱ䰮㡣
ãܳɸ硣ܳɵԱߣ˹϶ɴ࣬öϾĹǣ
һӯĸоոջͬûͷҴܵҲǸϽ˼·
ȰѱѪһһɾȻü״ʼڲز
ֳȵʱȻ󲿷ֵϾɾϸ̽飬ûж
ڶϾѰʱܳѾǿʼŽ
ϥؽڴĶΣ۽NѸ
ǻߵĿԹؽڣǰġNѿܵ˱ûǣN֮£Ҳֹƽ̨·ѪܣҪϸ̽һ¡
ңҪ˳ֹƽֹ̨ļΣѼ졢һһбʶȻҪȱͼֹؽ
Ĺȱƣܼ򵥣ļֹؽܳҲúá
ͬʱڵ£ôѶȾͲһһôˣǼ򵥵ָӣ
ֱӰѶȰθߵ˺ü԰ٱƵĲ㼶
ҪҪؽǣҪҪؽ죬ôؽ
ؽǣܳ𣿲ؽ죬ήô죿
ؽ˼죬ؽĹô죿
֮Ըӣ˵Щ֮ԸӣΪûзǳ߼һһӦϵ
ҲǳϵӦֶΡ
⣬ӦǺҪǵˡ
ϾһʯӡɰƬѪʱ򣬻͵͵ؿ˿ܳɣͷ֣ܳɲ֪ʲôʱѾǰӦѪܺ񾭶¶˳
񾭱ܳüƤװһԣѪܱ˿߹̶š
ңܳɵĹ̶Ĺ̶Ǵһᡣ
ѪܵϷûѪܣ԰Ѫǣ֡ͬʱѶѵļ˷ֱ࣬Ѫǯס˼촦
ѪǯǲܼбռģΪѼ֯еܽƺƼ֢ܽǿԼеģûѪܣвܽ⣡
ܳЩ֮ʮ߼ʮżѲؾˡ
˵ʮ߼ѾˣǱߵҽѾöˣҽҪȥ𣿡
Ͼ͹ܳɼ״̨
һ߽⿪ףһ߽⿪·
ܳɸ磬⣿ϾܳҪ̨ʱˡ
̨ȫĻò°
Ѿʲôֻˣ룬Ͼò¡
ȻǳԼܳɲܶ࣬ʵϣѾ϶ܳСϼʵܳڵʱṳ́ʵֻҪͿˡ
һжԽܳɣܳų֮̂ǰŵһ
ܳҪߣȻܻš
ʱ򣬰ղסУ
Ⱥú崴żܳ侲ذοϾ
ܳɱ̨
ʮ߼սԭ֮һ
ڶǣѾ̽ˣöϾȡȻٰѻ֯ӣ˲Σգ
Ǳߣûʲôǵȥһۣ
IIIϥؽڿˣС崴Ļôڵ϶ҲСȥȨһǱ߶ţĻǾ鷳ˡ
ֲ
ʦ
ϾЩǿ飬ҪˣȻϵҹȥܳɷԸ
ȥ޿κε飬ˣ˻Ҫ˴Ҳû취
ֻϣ̶ǱߵĶʮһ꣬Ȼڿ϶нסһ䡣
Ȼܣܳľе㲻̫רһ
͵רһ
õģܳɸ硣Ͼܳȥ΢еţҲе²֮ܳͻȻûˡ
ֻǣܳѾѼѪ񾭶˺ʵѶȾûôˣԿʼͰˡ
ܳɳţֱϴ֣Ȼʮ߼䡣
һߴ·һֱʣȨӣʲô
˨׻ˡС¶ν֫ģȨæأҲǰѲ˵ǰ˽ˣ
Ȩ֪
ͻȻ뿪ڶϾһҲס֮ǰܳڸڰæҲҽԺҲû鷿϶ûʱ˽ôණ
˨˶ˣܳʡ
ֹѪ𣿡
ܳɿ˿ߵĽţȥʮѪȵĻƣӦһֻŮӵĽţӦͻܴ
Ȼһ̨ߣһ߿ٴ˼Ҵܡ
˨ʱ䲻õĻ֫ǻһµİ
֫ǹǿƵһһϣߵһ
ֹѪˡȨæء
˨˶Ҳ̫
Сã֪ʲôʱԺ𣿡
䣡
ڣ̨ϵһͲŮ˿׵һűӣһ߷
䣡
ڣ
ײǻ봩ƱȺ
СȨʡ
ĵԺġҽ
ڣ
أ˵䣬΢
˫֫ˣǸȻ΢زţ
֮˽֮
СˣһֱڴԼ󣬴ÿ·߸Ь
֫ûǹ飬ǣҽԺҽ˵Ҫܱ֫סҲû취
ְѾҽ˺ܶܣûá
ҪתȥϴѧҽԺͶҽԺûá
ûλ
ڣҽʣҲֻ˻ء
ܳɿ˿ʱϵʱ䣬Ѿߵ˰˵ʮһǰ˨ʱ㣬Ӧֻ˨ĸСʱ
ܳٿ˿棬Ѫ֣Ȼ࣬Ҳ֤ʵţС˨ûûôء
⻹һܴﵽָ֫
֫𣿡ܳɲ˵ǰȨѹ
ܳôʱȨ뵽ܳҪʲôæ뿪̨һξ룬Ų빻
սܳɣúܵ͵˵ܳɸ磬֫ǲӵģҲǿǵȽᡣ
滹кüҪ֫Ļʱİɣ
Ȩû˵ܳɲֻǰʵ߸ܳɣ
ţ
ʲô˼
ܳɫһͣȨ
ʱƣ
Ȩֿܳϵɫţ鷿ʱ򣬲κʦѾˡ
̨ʱġʱԤֻаСʱ
ĻļŲӮϵ̫ã˾ͿܻΣա
ڿ˶ƣܰЩʱʡȨԵ˵
֫֫
Ȼֻһ֮ʵȥˡ
ķѵʱɱȫһ
ܳ꣬ʱЩ
TM
ƽʱļ£Լ΢Ŭһ£Աסȵģ
ǣ
˴£Ҫôпô
СŮС˺Сȵԭ̵ʱ仹ӣȻĻǶԺ没˵Ĳƽ
ʱ䱻סˣ֫ϣȫ
б֫ϣģǱҪ֫Ϊʱ䲻
ڵļﲡ˺ܶ࣬ϻ̫ʱˣĲпܾˣ
⻹ǹǿҵ˶ȫ£û˵˭͵
룬ȻܳǿԼ侲
ǲµģôȫֻҪԼĲ˸õƾͺˡ
СŮǲģϻ̫ʱĻĲˣ
һ
ǾΪʱģ
һпľ
ҪһҪ
ﲡתȥ𣿡ܳȨȨȴһ±ơ
ȫתˣתȥʦͶˡ
ңϡȨ˵һ룬Ȼͣˡ
ܳɸ磬֫ɣˡ
ϣεһΪûü˾ûˡ
ʱ˲Σ˵ʱȥˣûˣȨС˵
Ҳڿըëˡ
ܳеίԼȥTMֳˣֲȥˣ
ܹô
ǣܳϸһ룬ιҲû̫ë
ܳɲôռ˿ģܳɲڿͻһٺôһ˰æ
һˣôһеĿԶᷢ仯
ܳȴֳεʱȥˣ
ܳɼ񣬶ڰҽԺĹǿƶԣȻȱϯġ
ȻѾҽԺ㱨ˣǣҽԺ˶ˣƾʲô
⣿
ܳʣûòӣ
ûСʱ̨ϣΪÿҲ֪ʵǡ
Ų֣ܿݿˡȨ
ܳһǿסĵĲڵǾɣ֫
˵⻰ʱܳɵۿе졣
᲻ã
Ϊ̨ǽ֫覣һźһ޷ĵź
û취
ܳûȨȥΪԼ˽Ӱ쵽滼ߵȨ
еʧʱǳŸźģǰźȣʲô
áȨ̿ʼ
Ȼܳɻ·Ҫ̨
ܳɶԽʵգѾﵽ˷˼ľ硣
ΪС¶εĽ֫ܳ¶λÿ˸ӡ
ţܿҵ˶УȻι̵
˶ʹ˲ִѪ漴Ȩõ⾪궼ûϵ
ܳɻƤпҲȨˡ
Ŀ˿СŮȡﰵ˵Բ
תͷ˵ȨӣȻֱӴԶˣʼ֫ɣֻҪѶеͺˣ
ֹǵĽعǣյ㣬ģӦø˺̨ܶûϵġ
ȥڣǱһϥؽ˵崴
ܳ׼ˣߵĽ֫ѶȲ󣬿Ȩ֣ҲϤʡ
ڵϥؽIIIȿˣԸҪȥʱЩ
СʱȨ֫㹻ˡ
ȻӵģΪЩʱ̡
ܹʱ䡣
ǣ
һ£ܳɺȻ뵽ʲôȻߵҵ̧֡
Ȩ󣬱ͷ
˵䣬ǲ֫ǰɣ
ǸڵǸϥؽIII˵崴ӦʱƲ̶ɣ
ôһ̨ԽӸڼĻǲǾͿñʱܳȨ
ûвμӵţԲ֪ôӲˡ
ϥؽ崴һ̨θʱСʱܻһ㡣ܳɸ磿
˼ǣһ̨תڣ
ϥؽ崴СʱȨɴ۾
ˣСʱˡܳ˵
Ȼһ
ƴһѣҲǽ֫ˡ
ܳ˵ҪߣȨȴ׷ܳɣ˵ܳɸ磬Ϊ˱Ĳ˾ѹ˵ʱ䣬ҲҪ֤
֪
ܳɵͷȨӣȥڣæϾ崴Сʱ
崴Ƕ١ҰСʱʱ䣬ٹһ±֫Ȼȥһ̨ܳɺȻҵһ
̨תһʱ
Ȼܹﵽ󻯡
Ȩԣʱɫһܳɸ磬Ҳ̫ðɣ
ϥؽڿIIIԭϾͲһڷϵġûʲôõġ
ȷûȨȥ˵ģ԰ʱԼתʱ䣬̨֫ʱʡĻȡһ£
ػģЩǱҪڽдģãϥؽڿ˾һ֣
һ崴̶ֹʹ̶ֹڱպϴڡ
ҪʱܣҪ죡
ϥؽ崴Сʱɣӭһ̨˽ң൱ѹ˸ڻߵʱ䡣
ܳɸ磬𣿡Ȩԥ
ôɣܳһȻѡ̨
˵ʵǴһ˽ĵġ
ܳɵ˽ĲΪԼֻΪ˱סһȣ
ûν˺ܳɶûϵ
ǣȻˣҲĻ
ڲ˵ֻһЩȾնѣĸȾգͨƽ
ұܶ
һûľøֻǣ״еδȫѡ
ܿ죬ܳɾ˸ڵ䣬ϴ̨
Ͼܳ˲Ĵ
ܳɸ磬ڵôϾæʡ
С
Ͼÿλãȥ棬̨ȻһȥڰæܳΪ˽ʡʱ䣬ֻ˶ԶϾ˵
ϾҲܳվλԭûκ⡣
ֻǣܳɿٵؽӹ󣬶Ͼеû̫ܳɵ̡ʣܳɸ磬ոʲôӦȴۣٴ֯ô
̧ܳͷ˶Ͼһۣ˵ϾȽҸʱһһ̨̣ڣ£𣿡
ʱ䱦ܳһӶ˷ѣҲԸ̡
ǣܳɾãµĻѧԺ󲹵ġ
Ͼ򺣱񶼲ѣҲǴʦû˸ʲôϾǺѣֵܡ
ȻżϾҲˣЩСֶΣû
ңæİ
ֵܣֵҲû취ͷ­Ѫİ㣬ѾΪˡ
ѹĿ̣ǾڲϧѣѲģ
õģܳɸ磡ϾȻ֪ΪνܳɲԸ̨˵ˣƽܳɶǺԸнѧġ
ҲֻǾܳ۵ˣϣҶһޣû̫ľ
Ȼܳɵ˫ɣ
ϹǶǣѪܽзϣؽзϣȱһû취ֻܶڿͼֲ
Ѳػʿһˣܳɵĸת£öֽŶеˣ
գҼʱ壬ʾʱ˶ʮ߷ӵʱ
ܳɸоԼʾָָָʹ
̨Ͳ˵ֱ֣һʱҩƻָơԵĹؽˣȾʺܴ
IȣҪŧԹؽףͨĿأ϶ã
ϥؽڵʯ࣡ܳ߳ʱ
ãϾһ±ƵصͷԼով飬ֱ̫ʵ
Ƿһʮ׵Ŀӣ崴ӷҲ˿СʱŸꡣ
ܳֱ˰СʱϥؽڵĿ˸Ūˣ
漰һЩڡĲΪѶȵģһҪСʱ

ȫ
ϾǾܳѾٶȺܿˣԾͷƤ飡
ңḶ́ûΪ׷ٶȶͷÿһˣⷶڣÿˣ
ʯΪ˱ϥؽڻٷֹؽļٷѣ

ܳɸ磬ˣܳٴ߽ʮ߼ʱȨæʣ⡣
ܳɿ˿Ȩ飬ֻ˼򵥵ȡ
ܳɱ֪ȨˮƽϾǴŲСĲģȻҲٲֵѪ衢֯ȡ
ǡ
ˮƽʵѾܲˣֻ˵崴ʵ͸óܵѡ
ţ
ˣȨӡܳ·ԣ޾ϡ
ܳɸ磬ڵˣǿϥؽڵIIIȿ˰ǹǿƵĻȨΪǿƵĹ࣬ȥصĴ֪Ѷȡ
ǿʼ֫ɣץʱ䡣ܳɲԸ͡
ѾǾŵʮˣŮ賿ĵԺģǽԺ֮ǰ˨˵Ļô֫϶ͱⲻˡ
ֻϧҲ˲ʱʱʱôá
ֻǣܳɻϣƴһѡ
ջǱסĻҲǾˡ
ȻܳɾͿʼѪпȡ˨
ԱߣȨĿɿڴ£ܳɾͺܿȡͬ״Ѫ˨
һֹѪܳɶѲطԸ
Ŷã
Ѳ
ֻǣֹѪڵļѹ壬Ҫһʱ䣬ܹųԣѪȻԡ
ǣ
ΪСлˣԺܿ죬ʪ͸ˣѪһȾд档
Ѫˣ
ҽϲġ
Ȩǵɴ۾˵Ѫˣ
ܳɣĿɿڴ
Ρε˶޷飬Ȼܳɵֻô򵥣ŶãӰɣ
̧ȣ
´ֹѪܳæѲ˵
ֹѪڲܳһСʱȻҪϢʮң̨ܼʱ䣬СʱԸüЪ
Լ
ܳɵȻݾܾ


һʮ Դ
˵崴ͬͨ崴ϣһҪеĻ֯һҪѱƤ򱡡
ƤѪʧ֮ôƤƤ֯Ҫˣ
˵Ƚ⣬ĽŵƤһѪˡȻѪ˲ãǣֻҪѪ˾Ǻõġ
£ǿѪתλʱҪܳһڸС崴ʱ
һϸظȨţ漰żĪ⣬żһĸоʱȨһTMҲеĸо
ңСĽ֯ܳɵĵ£·Ǽ򵥵Ƥ֯ƵģܳɾȻĩĶʶ˳ȻײĶˣ
֮󣬱ûѪ˵ĵطȻ˿ҲѪˡ
ֱ׿ţ
šȨһ·æͷΪ𺳡
Ȼ֪ܳɵЩ£ǣȨϾǸ̶ģƽ̶飬Զǽ֫£
ܳɸ磬ǽǻҪôȨʡ
ǡܳɻ˵ŵʱ
ҵŲ֪ʱ˲˿Ȼ߽һƿ֣һñӵС۾߽ҡ
˿̵࣬˿û֮ǰϤУź󣬵ܳԱߣѹоһ̨ϵ̡
̶ֱܳɣ̨֮ȥƻ
ͲҪˣ
϶ɴ࣬ܳɾܾͳɡ
Ȩ˲̶һ£΢һʦ
ϰ£Ϊ˲̶üˣȨټ̶û˿̵Ĳ̶Ѿ˼ˡ
ȻûϺһʼڣ϶˵ģ˵Ͳ̫
ܳɵĶ΢˶٣˵õģʦ
̶˼ܳˣЩڣҲڡ
̨֮һҡ̶һڵ
Ų̶ǾΪң͵ˣֱȥƣ浽
̶˵꣬߳ҡ
̶ߺĶᵽɤ۵Ȩǰķظ
ˣʦôƺ֮ǰһޣŵˡ
ξǲһȨеΪܳƽ˼
Ҫ֪ܳɿڶʱھһ̨崴һ̨Ҫ֫СģǴһ£ƺͲ̶ɲ˵ġ
̶˾ˣֱҪ֧ܳߡ
⵽ʲôƢ
ܳһ߼һ˵ȨӣⲻֲʦȫԼġϽɣĲͲˣ
ܳ׵úܡ
ܳɸ磬ʦҪϳˣ㻹Ų˵
ҾŲʦոգеεļӣȨֹ
ܳҲûĽͣܿ죬ܳɾʹȨСı֫ˡ
ܳڽСĵ̽̽Ѫ˺VACͨģҲû©
͵ȨӣҪǵÿʹѭҩͷٴΡ
Ȼ˺ͼһ¡
ϣܳɸ硣ȨΪ˷ܣȻСܱסȣҲһݹͣ
ܳɾЩį߳ҡ
Ȩ̾һȴСֿ˳΢΢ʣҽҵǲ˰
ҵȺ飬һоûУǲǰҵĽȫ˰
Сûᾭ飬ҲûʲôʶǵĶȣǼʶģΪԼһȶûˣе㼱
ɼҲûãί
ŶܳɺȨĶ̫רҵȫʲô˼
ûУȰúõģһ㶼û٣ǻ΢̡
󻹵Ҫ˸Ⱦźã
ҿСＤžҪ̧ͷ
ҽһסˣҪ̧ͷ㽲ˣСҪҽƭǿɰСŽŰڵΣİɡ
Ȼȥ㸸ĸո㡣
ҾͿһۡ
õȻͷʹҽһھܾ
ԼҺ©ļǲ󣬵ûбҪȥģСѾˣκһܼپͼ١
ȻȨ˵ſڣ˺ͼ˾ϲжµضȨл£Ȩ˵ġ
ɲ˼ȴԶл˸ĸүү⹫ţǾϲޱȣǳĿԼĹͷ̫̫סȨ֣Ϸſ
ܳѾµ˸ңûлԼ·ǴһЬףǷȥ
ܳɵƾܳվһߣǲµʲô
ȵ˿ֻʣﲡˣȴǽ͵˼Եһ£ʱȥϸϴּ䡣
ƸɣžĲ˺ͼҲû˵ʲô
ƽŰܳɴȥ˺¥ݼ䣬ȥ֮󣬱ܳɣô£ôΰˣ
ϰŵĽ֫˱֫Ȼʡ˸ϥؽ崴ʱ䡣ܳɵ͡
㣡һ⻰ɫһ䡣
ܳ£ƸߴϣʵTMף
ǲɵ
ʲôʸһ̨ϥؽIII˵ʱĳ̣ƵʱͿ
ˣΪʲôҪΪһСŮı֫򵥣
ΪʲôҪôܳɡ
ܳɵͷȥû˵ɣɣͲɡ
ˡֻܳ˵ˣ
ˣЩ㵡
˾Ҫô˭̸ģʲôʱ򣿡
ʱǽǮʱ㴦һºĲ˲֪һµ˻ߵʱ䣬ֶıʣ
Ǻ£еҪƽ棬Ϊһˣѡʱ䣬ѡʱذеһϡѵⶼ𣿡ʡ
ƽʱǾԲὲܳɵġ
жʩչˡ
ܳû˵ּ˵˵һˡ
ʮСʱϵȫȫеǵȫ㻹Լȥȫ緶Χҵöʵݵҩ
԰Ǯ𣿳𡣡
Ա˺ͼж£ΪֹȥԷ񡣵Σ
мǮһжʱ䣬ȫĻһܹĲмм
ʱǸûڵҽϣǳΪҽѾ˼ػڹԼҽϣԼһʥĸ
˶ҪʱΪҽ͵һˣ
㲻˭
ò˵ļ𣿡
ңֶ񣬻ǽֻ뷨˼άȥģӦӴ
Ϊ˼Ѿˣʵǲǲ
ܳɵͷǸ˵˼ʦͲʦʧˡ
û£ûо飬Ҳ֪ȥӦʹҸ㣬Ҫڵϣ仰ǳпᣡ
Ҳʵķ򣬷Ļͻᱻ̭
ٸһǳʵ⣡
ʮĻԸһҾƶͯԸ֧Ԯƶѧѧ
˵ֱ꣬¥ݼȥ
ܳһʮ־ᣡ
Ƶʲô⣿̫ˣ̫ûشˡ
ͯ
ѧ
˵ͯСǱ޵ģС޵ĿܣһΣֱӰһӶˡ
㻨̫ǮҲǶʮ¶죡
ԵĽǶȣԵļֵ棬ȥףȫ˷ѣôĲȥ֧һ޵Ϸ
Ǹ˲ܵǮĻӻ
Ǯȴܹƶɽĺ
ǣһĻǰӦƽȡ
ƶɽĺӣѧҲֻĿȲһ˴ѧȻܹǵİ취ȥ
Ԥѧȥ򹤣ֵأӹӹµµһӣȻܹܵһ
Ƕͯأ
ЩǮܰüüۿ磬ӸܵƽǰǶ޷ȥ̰˽ȥܰ鵽ʲôζ
͵뿪
ʧʹζͳʹоǶԣݳ޺ʹͣ
һ޽⡣
ԲѡҲѡ˭
ǣ⣬ʵȻһֱڡ
Ǯ裬ȲΥ£ҲΥɣֻǣѡͬĽվ᲻һ
ܳ˼˺ܾãȻûܹõһ𰸡
˭Ƕı߶̵ľ񡪡
߽Ƶҵʱ򣬾ͿڴҴææظ˿סԺ֤˵ڿĲ˺ܶ࣬ûпմҪһʱ䣬ܹס
ҽ컹סԺҽǰһˣ˼ֹ
Ϊ˽ģסԺͰסԺ
Ͱ
ڸ˵뷨µĶ壬Ƕģǣעһᣡ
û취ǴҲ֪ˣڿĲ˺ǳࡣ
ǷǳżĻȥҽԺʣЩͲҿûпλͿմɡΡ
˺ͼֵˡ
ţûͣ
ҽԺǺðҪԤԼġ
ǰҽԺǮˣˣҽԺⶼơ
⻰ܳɺ˵һ䣺

ҽԺĵط
ףҽԺ
˵ֻʵǶԱ˵һͲأ
Ʋû뿪Ǽһ˽ȻҲûܳٻңǾôţһ΢˿Ľࡣ
ٴοһ˺
ܳе㼱ˣʦȥһ̨˶ڻ̨ˡ
ɨܳһۣ˵ʲôҽҲ˵ҺθɰҪҪĲ˸һһº漸ˣȻҪסԺĻ
һȥʮСʱǣʲô

ܳɵʹͷ֪ƾָɣٴεʦ֪ˣ
Ⱦβ˵˶ٱˣ
˶˵ҽħʵҽܶʱҪֻħΪ㲻ò˵ļȥѡ˵˰ɡ
ˣô˵Ҳܴ㣡
Ҫպִ簡ƣơ
Ͻȥֻ㣬Ϊҿﰡҵĺţʸ
ңҪκ
ʱǵðӾߣߡ
죡
ãܳѧˣҲͷͳ
ſڻһۣƲûнȥ˼ӦĵңûкЦ˼
ܳɵҺȨؿܳɡ
ѹܳɸ磬զֻˣʦȥ𣿣
ܳɿ˿Ȩ˵ʦôңҲڽ顣ո̨ȷҿǲܣĿ̫ˡ
Ȩɫ΢΢һ䣺⻹Ŀ
ܳɸ磬ûǼжྪϲСŮжྪϲ˫۶˵ˣ죬һԸл
˶Ϊ˾˰
֪ܳȨ˵ʵҲ̶֪˵ĻҲǶԵġ
ĶԴûôԣҪ㿴ӽǺͽǶô
ɳ֮ӽǷı䣬ǱȻģͨ͸֮󣬱ĮҲһֱȻǳɳ


һٰʮ 𡪡ܳɣ
˵ˣʼɡ
ˣȨӣԱߵңǲǲʦ￪ʼˣܳæת˻⣬ѾǵΪֹˣ
ţʦողŴߵҹȥ˵Ȼٹ
ܳɸ磬ҪҪȥʦ˵һϾʦҲ˲ˡȨ
֮ǰ̶ֻͨĴεʱʮֻͣ죬Ƣ͸ر
Ҳųǲ̶ξƮˣʱûǰ̶㱨Ͱ
ܳ룬˵ãϴְɣҹȥʦ˵һ͹æ
ȻһǺһ飬ʦǱѾ쿴ϵĲˣͣˣӦü
ܳ˵꣬ȥ
ʱ򣬴Ҷڽܹģ޲ðһӼ
ֳܳȵģﵽʲôЩ˿ϱҡ
ܳɵʮżңȻ˲̶һ˿˲ȿţ̶˹һۣȻҲû仯ֻǼͷȥˡ
Ҳ֪˻û
ʦȥʦ˵쿴ˣҲңѾĺﲡ˶ϵԾֻˡ
ţȥڣ
̶ֶཻһ䡣
ܳɾǸŲ̶ģ̶˽ܳɣҲ֪ܳɺʵǣ
ʵҪһ²õģһҪõǡλá
ʱ̣⴦¼Ȩ
ܳɵˣѡˡ
ҽԺļƣôǿƾһλǿƵĲ˳⣬ǹǿƵ⡣
ִ¹ǰҽԺһλ˳⣬ǾǰҽԺ⡣
Сʧȡ
̶һʼҲûľܳɣֻϣܹܳ
ûоȥ֤Լѡ񵽵ǶԻǴ
֤Ǿ顣

ܳɻصԼ̵ǰڹͿѾٴδҴһۣȻȥ˶ʮһ䣬վԼĸλϡ
ܳʱƳһʱϵʱ䣬ŲǾŵҡ
Ҳ˵ưʮӿ˶ʮ˵̿϶Ƿǳֲڵġ
ǣҲ֪Ĳ˿ڣ
ǣҲڡ
㣬ҲҲ߲ɵü棬ȡҲ
һӻкܶεѡ
ܳû룬źܿͽ뵽״̬֮УңҲ֪ΪԼոյѡ⣬̶ѾѺ̨ΰһνУ
ܳģǰѰԼĲˣȫã
Ȩӣһ֯ܳɶȨ˵
̨˵ûϴֻʿֻѲأȨҪϴֻʿĻܳתеȹߡ
õģܳɸ硣ȨæأͬʱֻŹ
ܳɽž֯ؿʼ
һεļﻼߣԿ˼۵ĲΪ࣬˵Ļ߲٣ʱ򣬶˵ĲʵˣĻΪ˵µȱѪԻ
ʱѾʱȻûΣգǻҪѴãüĻ֯
ܳɵܿ죬ʮңܳɾͼ̨崴ϣȻѲغҽ˵Ѳʦʦһһ̨ˣ
ھͽ𣿡Ѳز⣬ֻǿܳɻڲߡ
ţ
ھͽӣ̨ѾӽβˣȻǻŰѲͻزҲ˻ʱ׼̽Ŀﲡ˺ܶ࣬Ŭӿתܳɽ͵
ãܳɶô˵ˣҲû˵ʲôѲ̾͸˵绰ͬʱſڽת˵Ļ˵绰һ̨Ĳҡ
ңΪҲǰ׼ʵԤңͿǰһ̨
ܳɽʱŻʮӣʱ䣬㹻Ԥˣ̨˳ȥҽֱӰѲƽͿֱӽһ̨ǰ׼ʵʵ޷ӣ
ֻĻԻۣһʱƲô
ʱ򣬾͵׼
ʮ߷֮ȨƵʵϰҽѲһѲͻزʱܳɾĺҽѲƽ
ȻܳɾϿʼǰ׼Լ崴򿪵ڲ㣬ȻȥȻԼ̺Բǯҵҽ˺һɴ
׼ʱȨֻصңܳɸϽ޾ףʼ̧ȡ
ܳɿʼʱҽŸպɼ໤ǰѲػʿңûϢҪֱȥһ̨µƿһҪӵ絶ĵ缫Ƭ
ܿͰͰ࿪ʼˡ
Ѳػʿ΢ÿգҽ²۵ǿҽǺиɾһûתôġ
ҽֻЦЦ͵ʲô
֮ǰмΣֹǿƵһ綼ת˺ǲСʱӣȻ͵üһתڡ
⿪ԵʵѾǽˡ
ȻܳŬŬ죺ҲСӣ
Ͼᰡʢ
ѲػʿɲָձҵСҽ⻰һ죬סˣܳɵ´
ﰵʢô
ſʼ˼ţܳɾϵѲʦһ֫
ǿƶҪ֫ĴˣǿһǴ֫Ĵ⣬ԹǶƶõĻ֫רõ֫۰
ãȥáѲԣæŻŵػظš
绰һû֫ʱȴ֪֮ǰ֫ˣҪʮӲһ
û֫ˣҪʮӡѲػʿе㺧Ȼ
Ȼˣõ
ǿҽΪǿҽ͵úܡ
ǻҵİô֫еĻͿһɣпԵĹۣҪ۵ĸλ͹̶
ȻٿѪܷߡܳɱҪ۵ĹߣЩ򵥵崴ûУֻ취
ܿϧǣ֫ҲûˣܳҲֻܵȡ
ڣʮ֮
ܳڴ֫ˣ
ѲغòϢʮӣ̨Ľܾ͸պˣ֫һ֮ܳɾͷ·һ̨תĻһʼԸ
롫ʱ̶
̶е
޾ɴ
ߡ


Сʱַ֮ܳԸVACĤ
Ѳػʿϥǣˣҽܲ΢һ΢һ
СʱһֱܣһԼVXѾ8000
ʲô
ǧһƶСʱܳġ
СʱҲһǧ˰룡
൱ÿ
ã΢㣬ллˡܳҲ΢Ϣһ
ٲʱֵؽָؽڣʵҲʹģָٵתʵָؽڷǳ
Ϊǿҽ֪׷ָؽסؽף
ؽ׵ķ໹кܶ֡
ͺñȳԱ׷ּ
û취Ҫӽٶȵȥ
ǹһӡ
׼ҪˡܳɼѲء
ѲվǳԹؿһܳɣоܳСӼֱͲʲôϧ񡪡
Ϊ֮ǰʮӣֽܳһ̨˸Աعƣ̨ͻȥ󣬸ոνܹĵؽ࣬һΣһλж֫ûͣЪʱ䡣

Сʱһ̨ܳѾ˵̨
ʱʱҲһһʮ
ܳ˵ҪȥԷˣȨš
Ѳ⻰жᶼˣܳɳȥԷĹϵ˻ʿվĻʿ߿ȥˡ
ʿܲˣ֪ҽ˶Զ𣿡
㿴VXҽϣСʱಽ
ʿСʱһǧ룡ڵȶˡǲŶ
ô°ôôಽʿæĵʡ
ǣʿûϵһ̨
Ҿֻ̫ˡһһòãˡΪ˱֤ʵԣԼĲ¼˳ʿˣҲΪۡ
Ϣȥˡ
ಽر࣬Сʱ򲽣еˡ

磬ʮʱ
̶һ̨󣬾͸Ͻܵʮ߼䣬ȻʣܳɣҸմ绰˵ļŶˣ
˼̶̨С۾
̨ܹûˡ
ҲκͺǱҲ࣬ǼˣҲŶʮ̨ңɿſʮһ̨İ
̶Ϊǹ˼Ͻֵشȥ绰˵ˣԭ˶Ǳܳɽ˹
ǵʮ̨ܳɻû˵ҽͷ˰ۡ
˵ϲ̰СӣǴӷİɣҶûоˣѲضһˡ
㿴Ǹֶֿڲˣۣ
Ȩԣתͷ˵ʦ˭˵ܳɸ粻ˣָѾĥˡֻʹոʱ죡
ǽ̫ˣܳɸ춼һͨͶ㣬Ҷ°ࡣ
Ȩ˵ʱܳԲΪϸµ崴Ѫܵؽ
̶͵صһ
ʮ̨
Ȼܳɣ΢΢ʮ̨ôģ
˼̨ƺҲ̨⻹ǺԽԽ򵥵Եʣ
ܳһˣ˵Ĺ㷭һ
𰡣
TMɻҲô
СӰǲϢǰԤң
ȻһͲ˻زһ̿ʼǰĹһ֮󣬵ڶ̨Ϳʼˡ
ûҲ֪ߵ΢еˣ
Լݰܳɵ֣˿ûвһϹ㡣
µɴ࣬Ͳһ˫˵֡
̶û˵ʲôֻĬĬߵ̨ԣؿĽ̡
ţҲĲԾȻҲܳɵ䡣
ź֣Ҳˡ
ȻϺΣ˵˰һʮ̨
˵꣬Ϳһѵ˶ΧȻһŽ˵ܳòԼĻƤؽƤ꣬˼·Ӻܴ󣬶һ˵ƤȱѪʱҲʿܲߡ
ǣܹĻǲ˵ˡҲҪ崴ģһʣһܲѡ񡣡
֤˵⣬ƾͱϺĻˡ
Ϻ߽ܳ飬Ȼ˵СޣܳɣǼ
ʱС˺ܶࡣ
ϺֲɵӣȻ֪ܳĲǷǳܵĲܾܿһƵķ籩
ƤֲһֱǴźͺĵĻ⣬ȫĴƶΧת
֫ؼһھƤ֯ȱ
ƾͼ˵Ȼڴ֮ǰܳɻؽ˼ѪܣҰѼͼҲؽ̶ܹȵƤ
ǰ۵Ѫܴ⣬Ҫ֯ȱƤʵҲһȽҪĻ⡣ƤҲƤµ֯ǴúõĻͲ̫ƤȱˣкƤǱƤѹֲǳرݡ
Ҳ׼
ƵĽ⣬սϺҲˣܳɵĲԾ֮
ϺĶʱѡ
ΪԼѾǰܳùˣû뵽ܳɻһεش֪ܳյļѾǵ˺ܸߵĳ̶ˡңǰڵѾõϿɣôܳٽһҲǲġ
Ͼ˽ܳɵģֻܳԼ
ڣƵĽУ˺ȻĿУܳVACĤѹ֮Ϊ̨ľš
ܳɾ͵ȨӣȻȥ˿ҽɡ
֣˲ſոܳ˿϶ɴ֣ŷ΢ĲҲ֪ʹˡ
õģܳɸ硣Ȩʵʱۣǳۡ
ǣûйܳɰ鰲Ÿܳɱʵ̫ˣֻ˵㣬˵ѡܳɣΪʱĸٲ׵ı£Ƥĥˮݣ֪׽˶ٵ΢
ʱĦӣͻƤƤ֢
̨ʱ̶ˣõܳɵĴָԶڳ߲ʳָԶ࣬кȱ𣬶ָԶ࣬Ҳͨġ
ɲǿЦװǻơ
ܳɼָˣǲʱ˿ûܵӰ죬ÿһ̨ܸߣֻĻϣ֤ѡ
̶ǰܳɵļ򣬵ȥ·ɣȻȥúϢϴһԷ
ƣ֣٣ǧʢҪزĿǰǰ˵ҽһ飬̫࣬ҽҽ©
ϺΣҲˡҶһҹȻȥϢɣһԷ
̶һһ˰š
Ϻ˵ϲ̣ϴƾ۲;˰ɣҶˣСڲаŰɡһҶϢȻҵĴ۲͵Ļһܶϰɡ
Ҳͷ˵ǰ˻϶ʮСʱӽʮСʱˣԷ黹˵ɡ
ҶúϢһϣ
̶ȻΣǣҲĹΪΣڼææȥͲ˵ˣҲûϢŵõҪǣ̶һ飬˼ﲡ˵һ룡
ţƣȻдܳһ˸ģҲǲ̶ŵúð
ԣϺԲ̶εЩڻǶԲ̶飬ȴҲúܡ
Σڲ̶
ãǽҾ͸Ϣɣſ۲͵顣
ҶúϢһ£ﻹһЩ֢ˣȡ춼ã
һεͻ¼ǿѾõĴãллҵϡ̶˵Ҳһһ׵ġ
˵꣬Ϻ˾͸ԴˣҲ֪Щʲô
̶ζؿܳһۣеۣҲеΣǲ̫ĻܳҲô
úûȥϢɡ̶ܳ¥ߵʱ˵
ܳɻؿ˿ʣʦʦ߮û𣿡
߮类лϴѧҽԺȥˣ̶ֻ˵
ͬʱп߮ô㣬߮ϾֻԺˣʱ򣬻ǱԺ˸ΪףվԼı֧Լ
ʵ
Ŷܳɾûٶˡ
Σȥ˰æ
̶סƣ˵ȥɣȥƻ˵ɣ
̶ɻǵãƴӼʱƼﻹиСƵģ˼ã
ʦȥҰɡҽͻؼˡ̶֪˼һ죬Ͻȥ
ߺ󣬲̶ֿܳ˵ܳɣαֵò
εľԺٵֵʱ򣬾ͿԸӴݲˡ
εľҲУһʷǳŨ
ܳɵͷп˵ǰε¼ƽļС׼ˡ
ݵĻҵϣҪ鷢
ܳɾãһľõʱĳɳӦĴҲ̫ˣܳɵĿǰΪֹ֪жˡ
ǳɳĻܳԸԼǸС¡
ɲɳᷢȻϣʵ˰
κ׼еĳɳΪӦԺδֻ֪бø㣬Ӻãһδ֪¼ʱøӴݲȡ
ңһεֳȣӦ۽˰ɣ̶ЦǺǵ˵
ţܳʵ˵ͷ
ȥúϢһ°ɣǵôһ£ԼǸǿҽԼ˿ڸȾˣǿɲ̶ֵֽһͷܳɻȥˡ
ܳɾеˣֱӻ˼ңûϴֱӿʼʬ
ĺۣҲֵá
һ˯þû̫ѹˣһĵʮ˯˽ӽʮӣܳɲ˹Ǳѵġ


һٰʮһ ֲ
ϲ̣ܳɵĻôŰܳ߳˸ſڣϺ·󣬱ʲ̶
֮ǰǲεʱϺͿܳɲһ㣬뵽Լüζûɹ
Ǹλºٴο͹۵ԹܳɣϺоһָΪĹâֹâܳɢģһֿ͹۵ʵ
ΪελãϺݹ۹ҵҰҲǿƴΣҲλãҲԵҽԺĹǿƲ濼ǹ⡣
ҽԺĹǿƱһĻôܳƶ֣Ͳںﻬеˡ
ĹӦǱȺĴǴ󺣣
ܳɱֳˮƽҲǸո˲ι۵һ̨崴̫ϸڣǿͬڿ컨壬кܶϸҪúõĥܿ
ǿǿ͸
䣬Խ˵˿ôһ˵ĻϺãǶδܹöܳʲô˵֮ܳһϣ࣬ܳɵˮƽЧǻ崴Ҫá
ˣûܼԦˣ
̶ʵҲͷۣ
ĹǿƶʵƲãϺ£Ҳ£λýĻᣬδܿ졣
Բ̶ѡ˼¡
ȻʵǺܳǶƵģǴĵ˵ǶҲãǰҽԺҲãֻܳɵһֳ⣬
һЩƽпҵʵôܳɵʩչͻܴܵơ
ԼѡɣҲ֪ôѡԸ£ұȻȫ֣ԸߣҲֵ֧ģĳ棬ҸԸߡ
ȥӸ߹ƽ̨Ĺޡ̶п
ȻɣҲ˵ԸȥϴѧҽԺҲܴ飬Σǣ̶úܣԼˮƽʲôط
ȥ飬Ǳ˵ǹʹʵ֡
ҽԺõĹޡ
ܳǰҽԺˣҲǰҽԺĹࡣ
ǻ仰˵̶ʵڷܳϵ֮󣬲ŰԼͽܻߺͽҲãǺҲãܹгһ졣
ܳɵʱڶ̫ˣ̵˲̶ûȥܵɳȤ־Ѿܳɵһˡ
̶ܹܳɻᣬһжṩ
ţϺ˵ͷȽ̶ͬ뷨
ܹܳԿ˵õġ
ԣƽ̨̫Сˡ
ǣʱϺĲǶϾɳ˶Ժ⣬Ҳصܲõ⡣
Ҳܹ浽٣ؾãܳӦߵø߸Զ
ΣҲ˰ɣȥϢɡ
ǿҴ쵽죬ܹʮ̨ѾһĽＫˣһεĽΧѾǽ߾ȫˡ
̶϶˵Ŭ
Щ鲢һˣһˣһҵˣܹɵģ
ãΣҲϢϺҲȥ

ڲ̶Ϻ԰źԼڵ
ҲǰԼϵ˵ҽˣ꣬¼ҽȥƱŷĵ߳˲
Ȼ绰˵ҽǲ˼
һ˻ȥˣûȥ㡣
Ǹæ˵ʲô˼ģҲҽӵ飬ȻǼҪ˵ǿƵļƶ챻ˣҽԺˡ
ҽԺϴѧҽԺ·ظӽٱһֹ
ǾѾеĲ˶𣿡
ǿƶܼأս˵
ڿƵҽȻ˵¹ʵ·ʱûǿҵʲô飬ǲ˵µӦθ׻θʣҲǱ
һЩӦԵθѪҲҪлﴦ
ֲ֢µĻͱ߰˱ô֪ǿֱƿҵĲӶ٣
ţǿƵѾˡ
ҽæһʱ䣬ǶϾˣԷ
ʦ֣Ͳ˿͵ǲˡǱЦЦصһƵĴǡ
챿˵ʦƶʱβѣҶϵ绰ֿʼȥˣֵ֮ÿʼֵˡ
ǸֵģܳɸˣȻֵˡ
Ƶλˣ˵ڱû
Ȩҽƣӵӭ˳õϢ
Ǯˣ
ϸµĹಹڷˣƵǧŰʮԪ
һǿĽ
ԲۣŷĶţȨжÿˡ
ǮǮˣǮˣϽóԵġ
Ȩȥϴ˸裬Ȼڴϣ˯ˣԱӶûſڣϢʮƵ¥ˡ
ͬʱܳҲյ˷ǮĺϢ
ܳȴûôȻҲҹˣô˯Сʱ
ܳɿǮϢʱϴ裬Ȼϵ⼰ԼϵĦˣ֮ܳɿ˿Լܹǳɹۣ
̶ǳ湤ʣǧһ١
ټƺͲ̶˽ģϸѾ8000
һĻ룬ѾΪɹ۵ˡȻ⻹ֻǸտʼżż
ŷĹʣܳɲϣ߮ʱڶ˵Ļ
Ҹ˵Ҫߴߣˮʹ
ˣѾǱ˵ֱˡ
ʶһҽ
ȥᣬܳɿ»벻ǣˣֻܳ˰ˡ
ô˵أôΪǣأҲǸиԵĹ
ԹԴ
Ȼܹ֮ԹͶԴ϶жĵ֪ϣרŵǸϴλԼ˿š
ܳɽſ밲ҳ档
һǡ
ûԷȥԷˡ
ܳɣ
ǲǻصе㲻̫
ܳŵʱ򣬺ȻܳɾͿˣҳ棬һֱʾţԷС
Էеʾʧˡ
ԷС
Էʧˡ
ܳЩɻ
Ȼʮӹȥ밲棬һֱôšǾûϢ
ܳɾΪ֣⵽ֻ߲䵽ˣڶأ
ܳɲ
ԷϢٳٲ֣ܳҽæ𣿲˼ϴҺȿȡԷģæˡ
ܳɴֵʱ򣬶ѭĶԷСʧˡ
ȻܳɷϢ֮󣬶ԷظˣҽҸպû°࣬ҡ
ŶŶӦæˡܳæ˸⣬ȥ
ֻصʵϾô࣬޵ġ
ҽҽϻʮżæǹǿһͨ𣿡
ʱ뵽ˣܳڼֳʱɱöˡ
ǣҲֻܼװ֪ܳڼֳŹâ飬Ϊ˵ԼֻڱԵߣȥ顣
ţɡ
ҽ϶ҲæһͨɣҺ˵ʮСʱӽܼƣߴһʮ̨ܳҲص
Ҫܳɲ֪ΪʲôҪȥ˵Ǿ仰
ϣܹ㡣
ðϴµͳԷflagˡ
Ͼڣܳɶ֪Ƿ˶ٶٷǱԷ飬ʱûˡ
ܳ־ãԼܻܿȥУЩ飬ǲҪ˱ȽϺá
ϵļֳܳɵĴĴ
վŵˣǿ֮˵ĸоĲҪ̫á
ָо棬ƺ֮߮⣬û˵ϸ̶ܵ˵˼
ǻãҪǵϼҽʦ۵ˣһֱҹĽࡣ¼Ǵӽ賿ſʼ䡣
ٴģʱҪ̫
ö˶˵ҽԺܶרҵ͵˶ʿǶһģЩ˼˵
ʵѾеˡ
Ҳǰһҹһҹ¼
ƤЩȥˣֻǣ֮û˯ȥҪðܳǼֳһڽ̸ЦӰӣԺ֮ȥˡ
ڣֳ£һֱԼ޷Խ߮磬гΪĵ˼
˿һ˵ĸͨͨУҲ֪ǲϲ
һһֻûʧĸоΪʦҪܳɽֶܸŮǽʲôġ
֪ܳɵûбߡ׼ȷӦòˣӦýûб˵ʯȹԵ
ǲɷϵǣܳڰļ˺Ũصһʡ
оͰڹʱһֱ뵽ܳˣܳɵʧ䣬ܳɵܳɵĲŻԼܳɵ
ܳҲʵء
ܳصļҾ͹ϵغ͸ߵ
ǰһֱϣõĶϲͨԼŬõĸо
ҽ϶Ҳðɣ
ܳɾ˵ҲǴӽϣȥҵģͬ£ҵĹʱʵ̵ġ
/Σܳɷ˸εı顣
Ĺǹǿİһʮ̨һͰϢȥˡ
Ƿ꣬ͷӦ˹˻ˡ
ܳҲһ㶣ҽô֪Լʮ̨飬еã
²ǡ
ڹעң
ܳǻһ΢Цı飬˵ҽǴ˵ԷģҲҹ͸ɣ
죬ϵ㣿
⻰˼һ˵˰Ҹոմ˯ţоӶʹˣȥ˯š
ôһ˵ҾҸ˯ˡ
⻰ǹ˵ģһʵʹʱ򣬼ƣҲǺ˯ġ
ǣ˵˸Ѿǣʵڴϡ
ȥԺóԵģǴܳɼ档
ǰҽʲôأ

ţţ
ˣ
ҪȥϰɣĲ˺·رŲ˳
ðǾ͵ϼϣ
ô˵˰


ʮӺܳɾʹ򳵵˹ſڣȴûӰӡ
Ȼܳóֻ׼Ϣʱȴÿ˰ϢҽҪȵ˰ɣһӾ͵ˣҴ߹е³
ãܳæأȥ֮󣬾͵ĸˡ
Ų˳˰±ţ⡢峴ʱߡ
ǰƲˣһ߲ˣԷ塣
˺󣬷Աذ롣
ûһܳɾ͵ȵ˰˿۴еףȦﻹѪ˿࿴ûôҹӡ
ҽߡܳɶ˵İ֡
촩һɫӴ£ŵгѥţп㣬һɫĳ³䣡бһεСӰƴСܹװһԿ֡
Ӵûпڴֳֻţͷϴܳע⿴ʱˣ̳˿΢
֮󣬾˵ҽͽҰɣǽаҽֵġ
ܳɰɡҲԺܡܳɾЦЦ
ʵԷʱҽϣٺҽΪÿϼҽʱ򣬾ͻһʱ̴ڲֵĽȸС
ҽʦְɡһƺи˳Щ
ھͽܳɵĻЩ֣Ҳе㲻̫ϰߣ֪ĻΪеʲôе㺦ߵġ
Ұܳɻʵʵʦ֡
Ҳԡ
ҵĸˣ㿴ҪҪټӼܳʡ
ˣĲ˷Ͳ٣ͳԲ꣬ٵĻ˷ˡ˹ˣôݳޡæ˵
֮Խط֪ܳɽ϶ͣԸܳɻܶǮ
ĻὨȥһõĵطԷ
˵⣬ͻȻ;ò֪ô˵ȥˣýĻһӶˡ
ܳɵҲûûȴȥʵ㱾İҲʡҽҩѧ𣿡
ǣɳҽѧԺġ14ġء
17죬죬ô㻹ʦðܳʮ־ȡ
ȻһѧУ1419죬ñС졣
ʦҲɳҽѧԺҵôȣʵ֪ˡ
ɣܳ˵
ǵġֻһ䣬סˣҲˡƽͲ࣬˹֮⣬İ˾Ͳó졣
ܳɾʣʦãǸԱĸ
ţǷ˶ˣ˾͸Ͻɷ
ܳɺܶҲǿŶģĸˣʮ֮£Ȼֻʣ¹ûбˣ˶ˡ
еĴ󲿷ֹͣȻǹܳˡ
֮ܳɲ˲죬˵ʦãԱ˰ɣ
ԳˡԼٳ˰˳ɱһУϾرʼʱ0.25kg
ȥ˰ܳæȥˣȻ밲һӲ͹˳
ܳɱʣʦãҪֱӻȥߣʳ
ܳʵģûʳҪǻûҵʵ㣬ֹܳƣǲÿֱʰ׺ϤϤˡ
ôˣҲܱΪǲпܺ߮׹顣
һ߰ɣʦ֣̫ˡ
˱㳯·һ˹ȥһ󣬰Ȼѻһתʵʦ֣ĹܿͿҵ˰ɣ
Ǵֱȥҹأ׼ȥѧ͵оأ
֪ڵҽѧɮܾûоҹǴ粽УǰҽԺҲо𲽣ܳҪҸõĹеѡ
Ȼʵǲ֪ܳԺ嶤ģãܳӦÿõĵطߣߵĻǾͱĺá
ҽԺƽ̨̫Сˡ
ȻǰܳɵȥҲ˽ﶨСĿʲôģǰС˼
пܻȥоɣͲ֪ûҪܳɿ˸Цûѻ˵˵
ΪܳǵĻ֮ǰ⣬͵ʦô㣬϶Ҫġ鱦һʱɳһһӶɳģзʱ򡣡
ϣɡܳҲ˵ͷǾɥ
Ҳûģ֪Լ֮ǰԼˣоͲʿҲ·̫Ӱ죬ֻô߹ȥ·øӿ㡣
ʦ׼ȥأʡ
ڰܳҪȥҲȥϴѧĸ
ҵʱһ壬ǾѧĻˮ̶ܳɻء
һ㶣̧ͷ˿ܳɣĿʱ
ܳȥϴѧҽԺĻǿȥһ£ܳһֱӿ˾ѧȥҲȥĻǾ͵÷ѲٹˣҷѹҲһȥ
ϾضȨĵطһ˻ĺѻÿ
ȻܳһܳɾʹͰ˼ҡ
Ȼ˲УҲûȥ鷿飬͸Ͻһϵı͸Ͻ˯ˡ
ܳߣҲоһģķ󣬾ͽ뵽֮У

գ
ܳϻŸպõʱ򣬾ͱ̶ֽסˣ
Ȼ󵱼ֱӰܳɽнΰ칫ҡ
ֻܳΪ̶Ҫ˵飬Խźܳһֱܹصվֱֱġ
ǣ̶ھʣܳɣһʵԺ챻飬ǲΪ㣿
Ǻǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ܳɣ
ܳɶʱ¶ʺš
ʦԺ

ôΪңܳ˶±ˣⶼ飿
ô
ȷ̶е㲻š
ôʦĻͰ֮ǰҾеͬ鶼ɵ˺ðɣܳ˵úֱף
ȣҽԺԺź飬֪飬֪ҲԺûʲôϵ
ܳɿɲҽ
ǿ˹ˡ̶ͷȻŻ˵
ԭģһεİҽԺڲ󼱾ȵĹУֵʮ㣬ұֵҲȦɵ㣬ίԱᣬ͸˰ҽԺһȷƺš
Ȼ󻹸һ˼ȷ
źһʼϢʱ򣬿ûֿ죬ȻתͰ͸ˡԼˡҲĳյĸΡСӣҲǼȶӵĳԱ
ֻǰźֱȥ֮󣬾ֱӱˡ
ȻǷļģǣ绰ϴʵ˵ˣźȨı˽úøĻί̸̸
ʱźȫɵˡ
ǾͲˣֻǣСҲʵʵǼȶӵӰ
ѺϢתԼСӣô֮ź͸Ͻ˲ӡ
Ȼͷڣԭǩֵʱ򣬳飬ҽԺȥĸ˼ȷ֣ˣ͵ǰҽԺźģԭ·ˡ
Ȼź·ˣѡˡ˺üȦ֪ԭίԱȷΪҽԺܳ׼ģ
ٶ˵ǸܳɷųģΪ˼νڼֳͻ֣
飬ֻһ˵ûҲ֪˭ô
ϾҲǲϣܳڰҽԺ̫ģܳɱ־ԸȥˣܸܳһȦܳɹ̶ڰҽԺ
ܳ˭
ܳС
źҹ̶绰ʵô£̶ҲЩ±ƣʡ˾ҪܳȷĸҪʵ顭
ⲻϣ̶Ͱܳɽˡ
ĻôҶúõһۺһ£ûҪźⲻˣǲǣ
ͽ⿪ź˵ϣܹܳ·ˣ֣ȥǸ
ǣܳҲ֪Ļǲ̶ҲǸ㲻ףôˡ
ǲ԰
ļˣûʲô쵼ú룬˭ʶأ̶׷ʡ
֪ܳɵ֣һ֪ܳڼֳı֣ԲôӲգΪһּȷĸʱôҽԺԺ
ҽԺһΣֵüõģǳҳеҲҽԺһϣ
ûСܳһȦҲûôˡ
춼ʲôʲôˣ̶ָϽ׷ʡ
пܳʲôʶԷɶԷܳɿ
ҾƤɽڣڡܳɾͰо˵һ顣
һֱ˵
Ȼֺ֮Ƶİҽ˸˯ˣһֱڲѹûȥܲܳƽ˵š
ⶼûˡ
˭̶֪ܳ˽ͰȥԷ󣬱ȥƵİҽԼ˳Է
Ǿѹ˿̶С۾ת˸ѡ

ܳɵֱˡ

ͳԷʲôϵ
ûʲôûʲôˡȳȥɡ
̶ܿܳܳһСʺţûõ
ܳɱɻ߳ȥõģʦ
̶˵ô϶˵ˣңܳɻǵã̶˵ظһ°ϢкôĪͷ
ܳɵſڣҪ˳ȥʱ
̶ͻȻ̧ͷܳɣǵðûߵһҲһҪþۺɢ
ʲôֶΣ;ʧЩַ߽̤Щ߰飬ǧҪ
ҪϵĻҪϸɾǧҪ
̶ôһ䡣
ܳɲһ٣Բ̶˵ͷеĪ
ǣܳȴѾµһ顣
ģԭԼģǸٷܶĸţͲǱˣǰ
Ǹٷܶ󷨣Ҳʲôüٽĸţʲôɫ˥ǡ
ôô˵Ļ֮ǰȨ׷
Ȼʧˣ
ܳɳ˲̶İ칫ң̾ͰЦĿȨҽ칫ңȻС
ȨЩɪɪ˵ܳɸ磬Ҫ
еŵԼƨɡ
Ȩǿ̫ܳɱϺ̶δط飬Ҳ֪Щʲô
Ȩӣ֮ǰǲ׷Ƶİֱܳʡ
ţ
ܳɸ磬ʲôȨ㶡
ⲻǲ˶֪ô
Ȩֿ϶֪׷ģҲ׷
ûʲôֻʡ
ǸǲǺǮܳʡ
ΪܳɼǵȨǲûţûֵûǮûسͲ䱻ŮĻشmanĵġ
ģҲȨ˺üΣֻʵûʵʩ
Ȩ۾ʱһǮ˵ϣ϶ҲǮҪĲǮ
ܳɸ磬㲻Ҳ׷
Ȼ´һܳɣ˵ԸĻҾǰٷ֧֮ģǶҾܳɸ϶ܺݺݵʰ
ȨҲǱˣҲðΪʵ˶˵ף顣
ʲôܳתͷˡ
ֻȴǻ
ѵԺ飬ǰģ
Լôǣ˹ϵ
Ǻǣ˹ϵĻǻӰԼģ̵İ
ٺ٣
ܳɸ磬ܳɸ磬߰
ܳɸ磬һϸԣҪȫġһ˴Ǯġ
аϲáġճ̱ߡء֡
ӡֵܳˡ
ȨȴΪֱӷܳɣϢ˵ܳɸ磬ף˰ɹˣôĳɹˣ

ܳɿȨϢֱвȨӣϽϢȥģȻˡ
ܳ仰ȥȨ͸ϽѺϢˡ
ܳһ
ëЦӺΣյģԼȨЩϢһ˵ĻԼȡõЩɼ׼ᱻֱȥ
Ǻģֶһ˫н
õúãһ죡
òãһ죡
ܳɽֵҽ칫ĬĬس˼˺һȻȻؿЦ
ǵһģʱҲԵ޹ʵ˵ɶġ
Ȼһģʱ򣬵ʮ꣬û顣
˿ױֺвŻġ
⻹ɶûȻҽԺԺܵ˲⵽Ϊʲôأ


һٰʮ 
һΪһ֮ʼ
ǰҽԺƵĸҽʦרҵǴͳθǸεƵġ
ؾ˼٣һʼĲ鷿ûμӡ
Ϊ˽٣ԼĴԼϴʯϡ
˶֪ʱΪ˺£ҲûϾǸܹͨ˵ġΪժһ˵ƺţΪҲãǲҲã϶ǴŹġ
Ϊ飬ʯϺ͸ϼС졣
ҪٿԣһҪú˵ǧʯڸ뿪ǰǶһ졣
ź븶˽˽ϾҽԺˣͬҲ쵼
ر𲻶µĻҲԽȥźΪøȥźǱ߲
֪ģΣҪǹȥѾ£Ϊʲô˱Ȼûӵˡ
ֻǣǵһ˳ֳȥҽƶӶӳ۹ϵԼõƺкβס
ĶˣԼûǿɾͿˡ
źֻȥѣҲźѿ
ң֮һȦΪԺԼϼԼϴʯϵ٣ʾأǵ绰٣Ȼؾźİ칫ſںš
ţһŵġʯϵ˵ͷ׼ʱ١
ʵԲ٣ڿҲȥźӣҲɿΪ˺ѧǸΪؿԼ
֮£Σգһݶӵȥֳ飬ǻʵ
£йϵʯϲʲô׺޳ܡ
ҲҲԸȥ︶ȥԭ֮һ
ӿ߳¥ĹУһֱΪҵŵ׻˭
ľӵĶӳҲǸΣҲµģһЩԼƽû׵Ĺϵؼʱ˳
ʵĸǼΪкôģһԹǣȣ
κʹεʱûмӷǽְǱ򣬾㹻ܶ˺ˡ
ʮһѮչ΢Դ˿˿⣬·ţ·˴кҲһһӦԣ¥ϵı鲢ûзŭ֮ɫ
ֻΪĬ
ǱԺְҲǸΣźСӣٴϲǰٷְ֪ģ¥ȫ˶֪ϵ˳ͨ衣
ֻ¥ʱ򣬻˼ˡ
ع㷢֣˲诡
⼸ǼȶӴӵģ诣֮еŮͬ־ҲǸҽʦθƵģϾûȱϯġ
ڿ˸֮ҲǷ׷׺ЦкȥԼ¥Ŀģһ¥ˡ
ȥƵģȥҩƵģ׵ģ˵пµģǾʱ⡭
ܿ죬źİ칫ſڣȻš
һţȴźİ칫ûˡ
˳ȥȥڰ칫ҵˣ׿Ժ֪Ժȥ𣿡
źԺ׿ѸֻǸԺٴ飬ŸϵԼİ칫ҡ
׿ѸȻʶģ˵ԺԺӦȥ¿ˣȥǱ߿ɡ
׿ѸҲ֪ĿģɱֻĩٴæʱЩңҲæе㡮ɹ˼
׿ѸҲ˺ü硣
ɮ١
¿ƣõģлл׿ԺҲΪض׿ѸлȻת¥ˡ
׿ѸŸıӰҡҡͷֹţȥɣǾԴҲ벻Ҫ̧ǸСᡣ
׿Ѹ뵽ˣܳɵСᣬȻйһ֮ԵΪп޳
ϣٲˣи˵Ե
û¿ƶסźµ¥ݼ䣬źסˡ
㲻鷿źƤ
źʵҲٴֻǰʮ֮꣬󣬾͵ٴֻڿҸϾԺҪ̫࣬ʵǹ˲ٴĺܶ¡
Ժ֮󣬸ÿæòɿﻹпȥٴ飿
һֻǸΣкܳһ·Ҫߡ
Ժ㣬Ϊ졣ҽԺźԷֻźĽ㣬ԼӣҲн
ֻиʱ򣬲Żô
ȥҰ칫˵źϽߴٸߡ
Ȼﲻ˵֮أ¸ǽж
źŸ˰칫Һ󣬾ϹţסˮЩ趼ʡˣֱ˵ǸȷĲҪˡ
ⲻ֧ضԷġǧҪʲôС
죬ȥϾͱκݺݵһ١Լİ칫ңźͰѻ˵ֱЩ
ȷûʲô鷳Ҳע⣬ǸȽϿ׵Сӣźʱ̶ЯһεĻᣬȻѵãʵһӡ
вԣͻը
ô˵ضİȻΪʧɻǷǳ⡣
ҽԺλϵֱӰˣȻԼĽԶҪ
ܹźΣģ϶ίԱλ߸ΣҽԺʡίԱֱҽԺ
ͬʱоЩĲƽ
ƾʲôҪ˸أ
ǵһȥģشӹûйͣҲпͣ
ϾһзˣΣյİ
˵ܲţǸҽԺһģ
Ҹոȥ¿ƲĵĵҽԺֻǸͨࡣźһԼİ칫ǰԸ˵
֮źȥ飬Ϊ˲֤ܳɵǲйϵ֡
ΪܳɵĹϵȽӲĻô϶͵˹׼ʱԺûһĻ֤ܳɾǸͨˣ߾Ĺϵû֮ܳڰҽԺ
ֻǣź벻׵ǣܳһͨıȥʲôõҽԺ
ͨѧҪҲֻҽԺĲ֪źʡ
ź⻰ʵѸһ
gui棿ࣿӶֱˡ
Ȼʣ㲻ڲҰɣ
֮£ڳ˼֮ĵطҪźԺ鶼ˣֱӺ˽
źҿһȦȷԼ칫ңҲûȥĳƺ⣬ֻǵѾˣǧ˽»߱ٸʲô۶ӣ
ƺܳƾʵõģίԱĺü쵼Դ绰ϴѧҽԺԺ
ԺԼϴѧҽԺͶҽԺ˶˵ܳʵ飡
Ҫ֪ܹõԺ׿ϿɣǶô׵顣ԺΪ˱ӣҽԺڼֳ˵Ƥڣûϱȥ
ǹǿƣһ˶ûõƺţźΪҽԺԺ֪Ķࡣ
ϴѧҽԺԺҪӣˣȻԸΪܳɿڣ˵ܳɲһ㡣
ı飬̱
ʲôҵģ֪ܲΪĿǰʡΪֿȵϴѧҽԺԺȻ֪ٵֵġ
ܹϿɵˣضʵˣѾزѾ嶤ˡ
Ǻ棺Ժܲ΢͸¶һ£ܳɵĸڱȥ𣿡
֪ҽԺûаܳɱȥģ
ҲҲ˻Σ˵棬Ҳǵλźָָ
ʡίԱᣬʡĸ齨ĵλǰ
͹°ܳϵĻ߹ȥԱǰ˼⡣
԰ˣ˭죬˭ź̾һ
ȻЩʧ֮ɫֵҲҪòƽֳפؼߵģܳɵƺţʱֳƵ
ƵҿˣʱͻᷢƣҲҪʡ
СӣģҪ㣬ƺţƾĹƴġǿϧԺƺź̾һЩп
Ȼ͸ضԣʵãԼСӣֱܳС׼ס
飬ֻһǻѪ˵ҵҲ˵ǣͬʱڣС岻һ
ȥת˼ˣ;ȼȣ˭ļֵЩ
һĿȻ
ã֪ˡԺȻȥˣʱ˸ٹġź˵
֪ԼﲻþôʵôҲûϵ
ˣԺҪҸҽ绰һ𣿡ʡ
ԼĽ㲻ԼĽ㣬ԼΪԼĶźˣԼˣ˵Щ
źҡͷã֪£֪ô˵ȥúùˡ
оͺãûҲûϵ
ʵҾμȹУԺһ仰Ϊġ
ٷƵĻͲᵱҽˡѡ˵ҽ·עֻܻ±
ò˵վĸ߶ȲһҲһ
Ͼרҵģûվõλģҽֻܽһҽ
ҽ
Ҳ׬׬뷨ˣѾתˣΪתУûҽȥ׬Ǯû˵ˣĻ׬ǮǻᱻΪմѪģ

ڸźȰȥ֮󣬻½½źˡ
źǣɾûôˣֱ˵һľʹˡȻ˵һ䣬쵼쵼Ŀǡ
ͨȥ룬벻ͨҪԼĹϵӪĻǵ顣
ܹʵõʼգȻ;ϣǷҪʲô۶ӵĻźҲ˷ۺ첡ȥ
Ѿ˸֪ҪȥǾ͵ÿ׹ˡ
ֲÿˣݺĸôʱȥǽͣ
ЩУع㷢˵õ˼ȷƺŵܳɺ󣬱Ȼˣź֮󣬾ֱˡ
Ǳˣع㷢ﻹܳõĻû
ʱ䵹תİ˵ҡ
ϵһʱϵ˼ȵֳֳЭָӣȻܵȣҲ֯ת˵Ĺš
;ͽӵӶĵ绰ˣûأڻﻰ⣬˵ˣȥ˹ƴ󸽽ȥˣֳĸϣ΢ע㣬ðˡ
ϱһĿʱ䣬ҵ˰ʫ꣬Ȼͷ֣ԼİײˣͶųڵһˣһֱţﻹԷ˹â
˳ȥͿ˰֮ˣȻһ·ˡ
󣬰Ͼͼס˰Сӡ
ȥ΢һüһﰡСӶ
߮Ͳ˵ˣ֮ǰ͵Сӣɳţǳ˵㣬˵㣬Ʒǳ
ãΪ̣ҲǰԼĸף껼˰֢ʹ־ҪͶҽѧģԣϲҽʲôá
Ҳϣת־Լ·ֻҪܹÿģΪֵüƼеΨһһСǰ·ܹһӡ
԰ڴҲǿĸĲʹڴ˰϶԰滮ûôִֻҪܹƽƽģͻ
ֻǣ˶ʮСʱʱֳ󣬱ֳ󣬰ٻ£ַе㲻̫԰
ԼҵĹ쿴ǸˣòƲ߮ǸСӣһСӡ
Ȼִɲɵģһ˴绰˰˵ϣܹչһһСӡ
ϾǸС˭Է˵һ˼ˣܳɡڼֳ˺ܴĹͣ
ٶʮġ
ôţû˯Լ˵ԼҵĹȥԼᡯˣԼǸСӡ
ǸС𣿡
ֻǼ򵥵ĲûΥ¼ģҾͲˡһ߷Ĥһ߻ء
ŮǾÿģͼá
ϵ˵ͷšҲͲ
ܳɣǰҽԺĹ࣬ѧ΢˵㡣΢еп
ƺ͹һѧУģǲо˵꣬ҲԼ˵Ļ̫ʣֲһ䡣
ϾԼĹʵĳɼҲ̫ãֻǶĳɼ̫á
ϱЩȻʶ⻹û鰡
ҪĻǿԲĶȥֻûһƲڿɲô񡣹ŮֲĽ˿ȸ˷ۣȥĵĺܶ뷨
֮Ըȡ֣ϣܹе鶼֮ܰأһǳ浾ŮӡҲϣһܹȣǶͰ˶԰ڴ
Ȳ˵ɣð˵æһº󣬶Զ
ԼļֶӺ̲סȥˡ̸߽иָĳԣŵ
оʱøѰֱźˡ
šûȥеƣðǲǾǰҹүͲס
Ĺù˼ξˣҲðǸִֵˡ
쿴һֱܳɿ飬˵ţҽӵΪܳ빦ĵ绰˵ҪæˣǰæȽϺãôһСӣƷԣ
ģﰡתͷʡ
ʧȥõõĶʲôӦ˵
˰ɣζûߣʵġ˵Ȼ󻹽˽ĤĴĤڲľ
ϵıֹŹת˺üȦ󣬲ʣţ˵ɣ㵽׶˽Щʲô
ڿ˵ûʲôѧУ֪ˣûоҲ֪ˣڻ֪˿оûߡ
ûòû飬İɣ
ո˵Ը빦˭ʡ
Ϊոհ˵һ㣬Ƕû鵽ġյܳɵĹϵϴѧҽԺͰҽԺҽԺҴһܸͨܳȥ빦
ϴѧҽԺпܳɺоľͶλҲ˽ܳȥ빦ҲΪ˱ӡ
ǻ˭ܳ빦أ
һսûô˵ˡƽʱҷڴ绰ȥʺû˵Էʵݡ
֪˵ݷġ
ô绰档
ʹˣԸǷˡ˵ž绹ҲǸ֪ŴӰҽԺԺûȥϴѧҽԺҲûȥһ˵ʱɫΪء
ʵˣܵʡõҽԴģֻΪ˲鷳ˣѡͽҽԸٸ鷳
ǰڵ˺ַǡ
㻹׼˼ң˰һۡ
Щˣ˵ȥ˯һһСʱңһҪصλһˡֳľԮû϶кܶҪ
˯𣿡е۵ʡ
˯ùˡûؼءϸпҡ

ҽԺһ귿
̶ص˰칫ңȻûףܳȷ桱ƺţ˭ںš
ֻǣĿǰΪֹѾӵ˺ܶĵ绰£еըëˡ
аòܳɵױĹϵʲôط
еˣǷǳżƺĹУǳ˲ٵ鷳йϵȥ˸մɧ˵ǱˣǱ˭˵˭Ҳֻڲᡣ
ò̶һ磬ڸϷһ绰ͣ
ֱʮӵʱ򣬲̶ǱźcallˣҪȥԺİ칫һˡ
̶ΰ칫ҵʱ򣬻ܳҽϢͳԷ
һֵǶϾΪֵ࣬գԼ飬˶ûߣֵֻ󰡣ؼȥˣ˶ˡ
ܳɵһسԷ̸ӣرǶϾȨˣЦ̶;÷ǳʹ
ǼСһܰͷըˣǻôԺ֡
ȥһôһ١
ǲ̶Ҳܳȫ±״̬ԼҲ֪ô¡

̾һ̶źİ칫ȥˣһȥŶö˼źİ칫ңţ˿ڿɲС
УпҵĴΣҲҵҽʦҽʦ
ְƵģһ˶ûڡ
ܹҵ϶Ǽɫ
ǿ˲̶Ͽ˵ϲ̣Σ˰
Ҳ˶ӭ
զǣ̶ѱͲ۾гһ죬ͷЩʲôʱ򣬶ô
ϲ̣мʣǸܳɰʲôͷ
ⲻǸסô
źֻӲͷƤ˵ǰϲ̣Ͳ˵˵ʵиҽԺֱϵΣ㻬ˡ
ź˵ɣ϶飬ԶԶֹ˵ôɡ
Ҳ֪ҲһͷˮأңãڶսսġҪ֪ƽҶѧû̶˵Ϻ£͵֡
MLGBģǲǰ
ȥ
ˣGҾͲ֪ұͲ֪־Ͳ
̶ֲ˵ԺλΣõϢһúҺú˵˵Ҳµúܡ
ź͵ϲ̣ͱˣڵе㼱
Ǵȥģ;סˡڱҵϵ˲ò
̶˫ֶָ治֪Ҷ췢ĶСҲʹǿҵܳɣҲ֪ʵ
ǶҪãСܣоûϣԶˣҪʲôϵҲ˰
ԣѹûʲôϵ̶˵ţ촽
һϵĵ绰Ҳˡ
˺üΣܳɶ˵ȥҲõİɣ̶˵
ź
ǳ۵صû˵ҪأֻΪ˽⡭
źΪԼ£Щͷȥˣ򣬿˭֪Щ˻ͷúܣһ
еĹϵʧˣͷô£ⲻǳ
̶ź˶޲ߵʱ򣬺ôǸǴ绰ˣֻһҧ˵£˭Ҳˣôˡ
ƽϢһûķ粨
̶ҲŵһźͰѲ̶ˡ
ֻǣڲ̶֮źһڰ칫˼ʱ򣬲رһ²̶ˡ
ţҲ˵̶ûʲôȻˣǾͲżȻܲǲ̶ֱӵµģҲǧ˿ƵĹϵ
̶
̶źһֱ߶֣۾գţҲ֪Щʲô

Ժ칫ҳ󣬲̶ãеƶһɨա
ܳõȷ桯飬֮飬ȻԺֹǲ̶û뵽ڹǿƵͷϡ
ϾǰӵˣϵһѣǹǿƶûüҽƶӳȥôйǿƵĺôأ
Gⲻ
ܳɾȻõ˸ôҾͱȻմ⣬Ժ˶΢߿ǿһͷ
̶ˣǱ㴵ſֱ³ķȥһʹ찡
콵žˡ
ֻǣȽУ̫ʺףȻĻ̶˵ϾҪһֱҵˣһԷ֡
žӵʱ򣬲̶ͽܵϢ
ΣѾˣ¼⹫ҲݴףԾʹ㣬ʡҽѧΪ䷢¡
ֿ̯ѧƣҲͲԵôĿˡĻףϾǶߵĲء
̶ͷõģԺ֪ˡ
ţ˵ǹǿƵȷ죬ǹǿƵϰ䷢˺ȡϵǰк
ʱȱϯˣʲôԭ򣬵ǸʱҲҪܳɴȥλᣬԱʾءźֱԼһ˼
ǿصĽ죬ʡҽѧĹǿƷֻΪ䷢Ȼмйǿᣬ÷ʱ
ǰһ̶ܳûûȥλĻǵʱΰȻĿԼСϵ⡣
ԣǲҪ̫©Ϊá
Ժǹǿƣʱм˽찡̶ֶһ䡣
ҲһԺӦñȽ˽ЩźǹǿƵˣҲ֪ľϸڣֻ֪ܹʮ棡
ǿܹһ棬Ǹˡ
Ҳֹܲһ棬Ҫ˼ˡ
̶ٴεͷʾԼ֪ˣȻٹźĵ绰
̶ִ绰ȥϴѧҽԺȻŵ֪
ɳУǿƵĸ˺ţֻһԭǹǿƵˣֳҽָӣԣ̫ƫ̻ǿƣҲƫ̻ϴѧҽԺ
ϴѧҽԺҲֻеλĽ죡
ǵʱֻܳһȥ콱᲻̫ҡˣ̶һ
ľ֣
ش֮
Ϊ˱ӣΪʲôûбܿܳɵأ
̫ҡǷǳõġ
ʲôһ棬ܱһûкá
ƾܳɣֳʮҽƶӵĶӳͳһھûκ˲ǿԲ鵽ֳ¼ģʡҲᰲһרõģϴѧҽԺĳڵ
⻰ò̶е±ˡ
Ҫרðڣ̫˰
˵δػųʲôأ
ңרõľͷģ϶ԺԺ㻹ܳɸǹǵķͷͷܹʮʮͲˡİɡ
ڻţҲû¡
ҪҪܳɣȻǲܳ϶ѹģ
õģллڰˡ
ţΰ˸ѧڲĽ˵ĽĻ
̶˼֮󣬾ֹҶ˵绰Ȼ΢泩
ð
ˡ
רҲᱻϡ
ϴѧҽԺеȨ棬ʲôʱֵҽԺˣ
ܳɣɵΪ֮һ
Ϊ⣬ΪҽԺ
ǣŵģһˣôܳõ˸ָ֮ιأ
뵽̶ǳˣ֮ǰĵĿԡ
ܳƣһʱըǸᣬڣܹģ
ǲʡģ
̶뷨һֱ˹ܳڼֳ˵ĸ˼show time


һٰʮ ǣ
Σ֪ġȷ桯ĸǹ涨ǹǿƵģضİһϣ̶绰ʱ
ǿһΰ칫͵͵ؽİ칫ʡ
꣬ǹһƵҽʦǿһһβμǿƴεѡˡȻûѵҽʦְƣɲζѿ
ϾˮϿԡĿ֡
ȻҲлᣬǾǽźƤ죬ܲܲһ¡
Ƥݺɨһ꣬ɸֵص붼ˣϣʮ绰ȫԽȥġ
һЩҵĴΣҽԺĸԺί˶˵ġ
ͱˣʵʵػ켸꣬ȥ֮ɡ
ҲǱЦˣֳûȥȻͲ±
ʱһ˵ΣҾʡȻ϶ǱġֻǾǿҵĹ࣬ǲе㣿
Ҿøưҫҽܳõö࣬Ͼܳܲ˵֮¡
һΪҷչıΪҽı顣
쳯˻֣ȥɣѾˣתҫһ䡣
ѾˣŸ飬Ȼʱֳʲô۶ӣδҪεӡ
µʱҫʲô۶ӣղ˳ɲȥƨɡ
뿪Щʧ䣬һֺò׿һ߻ᣬȴֲԼС
ֻǵڣ궼֪ǵ˭Ȼᱻô
ͬҲϺɣϺǱ̶ڵ绰һͨ
һ仰ǣΣǵҲ̶𣿡
Ϻʱɫһ䣬ΣҾôһ˵ҵ˼
Ҫ̶֪ǲΣĿǰӵеۺʵϺȻøϺϺҪ̶ɫˡ
ελԼģûڲ̶£ѡӲջ߶ĻôԺ˲ΣҲ
ϲչˣҲܻչˣִ£Ϻġ
̶˵Σ˵˵ء
Ҳ˵Ǹܳɵģ㲻ǣҸܳҲӦļһʮ̨һһҹģ𣿡
ûСϺʵˣϽ˼䣬ת˻⡣
˵绰󰡣Ǿе죬ҪǴͲ̶ελãǵ绰Ǵȥ˲̶е㲻Ҫġ
ǰελãϺҲ˲ôҪҪˡ

ҽϢ
Ͼֵֵֵ࣬ܳࡣ
Ȩڲ䷹򺣱뿪ˣ˽գңϺϵˣȻڰ칫£ӲźͶϾˡ
Ʊ任ģǿ졣
Ȩſӣû䷹θУΪǮˣٷˣָ㽭ɽܳɸ磬Ͼ磬Ҹ˵
ϰθ˵ְ˵¸Ҫ飬ԸԸһ¡
Ͼһ㶣Ȩ㻻𣿡
Ͼֵ֪ƵһΣ֮ǰܹ֮Ϻ飬ΪĹϵֻϺˣŲ̶ˡ
Ȩգգ۾һڵ˵Ҵ廻ˡ
ܳɵüͷڵȨӣ⻰ÿЦģǽжһ˱˵Ķֻ˺ޣ
Ͼоһ֪ȨǺǮģҪĵĻƻֵܰ
ȨǺǺһЦ׵ݾ¶˳˵ЦЦⲻǿһ
ˣܳɸ磬죬ĩʡǿ˚G
ʱͿȥǼʶˣһ᳡ͻǲģƵ䯺潭ĵطʱһȥ
ܳɼһʱ䡣
һϾֵ࣬ôȨֵ࣬ĩпա
ãʱһȥǼʶǰȻ˲٣Ҳ٣ʵڰǿǺеģûˡܳݹһĿǰҵĲˣ˵
һεĴεĲ˺ܶ࣬ѿĲ˻϶ַˣҴ󲿷ֵĲ˰Ҫж崴Ⱦʺܴġ
ʵһܣ̫ţһֵ崴ἯܽС
һ˵ܳɱعҲҪһܶ࣬Ż֢˳Ժ
Ȼݺݵæ죬ʵһڶܹõԵɺͰȡ
мﲡˣûλṩˣôȥҽԺҲ֪ʱô㣿
£ϼõĵˣܳǣֻҪÿ鷿ѲдãѲ˹ܺãҽƺãÿ춼°ࡣ
˶Ŀʱ䣬ܳǿ飬һģļƻˡ
ܳҪģļܻкܶ࣬IIĿǰģһ룬еˢЩҿеҲҪʼϰͱˡ
ȶ׼ܹõӦԸͻĸء
ûðûͿԺúϢһˡ
ǰ죬Ҳ㶪˰Ȩ²˵
Ͼ˷˵ⴿӻ˼˵㿴ܳɸ֣
㲻Ҳһ𣿡ȨϻػС˺ܶࡣ
ֶĦӣͿ֪ܳɵ˶顣飬ܳɱС׼׶㲻ϡ

Ҳ֪ǲΪҽԺļƵУԶԶسĸɣ˰ܳһֱֵൽ磬ûһ˵
ǹؽλĲû۵ĲҲû
Ȼĵʱ򣬲̶Ŵ绰ܳ˵ܳɣģҲǸյϢԺ쵼ۿ֮˾ҽԺļƣֻرļﲡˣͨƽʱ
ҪǿǵĿǰĸƿҵĲضˣͨƽﲡ˽ֻᵢǵʱ䡣
˰ƶԲֵˣͨλ˶ֱӱߡ
ܳе˵ҪĻô´ļ
ǣܳҲ֪ҽԺԺ쵼Ҫľ϶ҪķµġҲҪϱģһһأʱҲȽϾá
ȻƲĹ涨ʵǷġ
ڻƵĲ˶ˣ󵽣غȨͨƽﲡ˽ֻ֮ܵȣ⼱һֱļͨ
ؽλļԾͲļС
õģʦܳǸ˵Ļء
ûûвˣֵ࣬൱ĩ˰
Ѿһ¶඼ûĩˣÿԺúõϢһ¡
УǸƺţѾȷˣĩΪ¼⣬
ԱѡڹǿϷģʱбˣʱ򷢸Ҳʣʱǳȥһ¡
ʱϵɡ̶ȻҲóϦĲ̫ãҲǾʱͻȻһе̫ҡ
з磡
õģʦܳȻԹӦǣõ֮ϲǱȥġ
еĻô٣ûҲνֻܳˣԲѡȥˣΪѡֵġ
Ҷϵ绰֮ܳɾͿʼʰˡ
Ͼʣܳɸ磬Ҫȥ
ţողʦ绰ˣ˵ҽԺ֪ͨ춼ûмλĲ˽ҾͲֵˡܳһЦ
Ŷá
ܳɸԺúϢ졣Ͼ޼ʺĽ
˵ʵܳ£ǿܳ۵øһˡ
ֵʮСʱһ˭ס
Ͼйæ˼Ŀǰܹת֮⣬˶û֣ٶ˵˼߮ԣ߮ϾϴѧҽԺˣͷ­Ѫ
ʵ˵ܳѾܾöת
ʵʵ˵ʮСʱתһʮСʱϢġ
ţϾడҵ绰ҾȻȥˡܳɶԶϾ˰֣߳ҽϢҡ
˫бڵϣظŰϢʦϢôͨôߵõϢûһƲ
Ϣǣϲʦ֣ȷ棬ƺţܹ߸ˣ
֪ܳɵõˣһ֪ƺŵ˶٣Ͳһܹ֪ˡ֪ܳƺźܹʮģѵ󻹿
ܳڱԵ̽˵ССţʲô

û˵ԼϢԴǷɿҲû˵ԼϢ
ͦĹ
ܳɼ̽ô˵ʦ㶼һŶʯ
ʦ˵ô
ǣһѡѧҽġ÷ֹ¡˸
Ŷԭʦ°ô
һԸΪ˻رǰ˽©ϢҰܳɵĺ棬һ亩Цı顣
ܳǹģ뿴׸Ӧԡ
ڵ绰һˣЩܳɵϢ֮һʱ侹֪λӦܲڰϸϰɣ
ͬʱкܳ˼άҲδ̫˵㣺ô鷳ǸҲ̲ס棬Ұ˭ġ
˵棬ֻһСʮ꣬ĸ͵Ķʮ߰ˡ
ûò׻ظ
Ȼڼ鷿ֻǿܳɵĻظԷҪİʦתһ£
ʱ˷ۡ
ֻܳˣûյĻǾˣֻҵĺ⻹Ҫʾġ
ðɣʹһ䡣
ȻͰֻϣʼЦԼе㱿˵Ѷ˵Բⲻʱȥôһأ
Ȼ󣬰뵽Լĺùۣʫ꣬аһЦ
ϲ㰡ҽȷĸƺţܳɸȥϢ󣬺Ȼַ֣΢Ϣðôһ
ҷϢ˵ıעǣᣡ
ⲻɶƵΣֶŮô
㡣
㣡
ֶŮԼͬ䡣
Ȼ󣬰ѧ
ܳ۾һ
лл㰡ʦ㡣ܳϷһԼ¼˵˹ԱǾʲôλܳûȥʡ
Էľͷˣʲôʵˡ
ţ֮ܳԽʦ㣬ΪȻܳͬ䣬Ǳ£ѧȽ磬Իܳһ졣
ԷְҵóΪνĺ׺ܲܽԱƳɣԵ֣Ů̫ḡջûһнֱӰѺ·ˡ
С㻹ԣܳɶĳνʦ㡣
Ҳ˵ôܳʡ
ʲô˵ˣֻдȥءֵ˵ֱӡ
ϰĵطίԱһ֤ģȻӡƺд
𣿡
ѵǰ˵Ǹѣܳɻһ䡣
û°࣬㣬š°塯ʱ׼ԼĹλϣܳɷϢ뵽Լġ⡯ѡ
תһȦ룬ƾʲôҪűˣ
С˭ǼСƵģеĶȵȵõĻǱ˭ˣ
Ǹ˻ֱܹӵˡ
˹˹ĵģҲиԣⲢÿõɡ
ǰɣҺͰй֮Եظ
ܳɣҾ˵أôҶ֪Ϣ֮ǰǶ֪ˡ
һΪԼǲǱƭˡ
Ц
ʦ㣬ллǰ͸¶ϢҰпԸܳɲû˵ǣΪüȻǰѣӦþ֪¡
аص
Ϊڴܳɼġ
ͬˡһܳɾͿ˰ҲϢ
ܳɾ͸ᶼõĳԷλãǾ벻Զ԰֮ܳǰȥˡ
μȻǱϵ͵лôȻȥϺͷʳСˣҪǻҪһĵΡ
ܳɸϵ֮ǰȵ˺һˣʣµĲ˸һȨġ
ǣܳɿᡢԼһʶӣͬʱλǰʱҲ΢еɵˡ
ͰҲΪ±ơ

֮˭û˭·㶦֮ơ
ֻܳʶȻŰʫ꣬һͷ̷Ƥ΢еڣķǳȳƣһ־ĸо
ᣬǴΪְҵĵƤҲΪʽ֣밲ƶķȫͬһƵġ
ʫֻʶģܳȻͨԿó֮ǰڼֳǸСӡ
ˣ
˭
ǲʶʶģ֮󣬱Ūʼĩ󷽷ҽᣬаһԹģԽ㡣
ӦȰʫ겻ֹһΣԽ֣ܿͰСֻ¡ˡ
ֱ극ʫ˶ȫڱľ档
һִʫˣǸϻƭӣῴ͸ˣᲢû˵Ƶ

Ҵҳ극ܾҪȥߴƵ룬ʫ˴Ҵҵؾʹˡ
˳󣬰Դʵܴˣôһ簡ͷ
ںߵʱȫˣԼʦֶŮᣬίԱṤ飬Ȼź˵˵⻰
Ϊʫ԰ѻԲˣ˭֪ôһ
ʫԱȰҪøд˵ӵģ϶ڸ֪ܳҪԷˣû˵ס
ֳôһᡣ
ǰ׼Բܹ֮Ӧ磬ǰ׼ģֱĻúܣ
ܳҲǣͲ֪㼸𣿡ʫֿʼ²ܳ
˵ʦˣ㿴
Ͱܳɵ¼˳ʱһֻʫĻѣԸø
ˣǿɾͲˣǵġġ˭֪ܳɻʲô
֮ǰڴѧʱм׷кӣ÷ԾͰ¸߸磬ǰԼһ¡
ԼıǻǷǳġ
ûûֻǰ˴ȥ˷³ȻþץPC
԰͵ľǣ˵ƷУջ󣬷³˶ϣԺֻҪŮˣͰѳֲסвС
£Ҳ˵ˡ
Ȼĸ֪ºҲǰѰЩֺ˸
ʫ꿴죬ȻпԵ
ҲĻҾͲǴˡʫ˵꣬бƳ˰Ӧܵļơ
ϾݻԢһ˼
Լۣǲǣ
ûߵôֻ˵ʲôǵݣûô
Ƕǵݣ
ᣬʦһֶŮܳɺʦܵģܳɵ΢ţҸʦġε˵
ܳɵҰﰡʫǾ˰ɡ
ȻҲûʲôף˾Ǳ׵Ŀȥģһȥܳ죬ǱŵҵĿġ
ʫ۾˿ôһֺΣ
οһʫ͵ûȥˡ
ʱʵǲɵģֻǷ΢֧һ£ϻѵ
ڰص鷿׼һ߷Ĥһߴʱֻ˼ʦã˼ôһ
Ĳ˼
أû£ʦ֣Ҳû˵ס
İʱ򣬶ḽһģҪôĩβҪôһУѱŪһ˿϶еˡ
ܳǾԼҲеΪʲôҪô̽ıԵǻɱʵаѶԷëˣȻģ⸱Ȳˡ
ǾĻˡ
ʦãӦûԺðɣ
ҿԵò̫࣬ҪҪȥԸҹܳɾԼھͺУﲹȡ
ˣϼʡе⶯ڲ
ﻹԶȫŵ׸ôȥȥˣȻܣǷҲûԺˡ

궿ˣеˡ
ܳҲû취ֲֻܺɡ
̶ϲŽҪģô
ǣܳ΢е㺦£Ͼģ棬Լֻǲһ£Ͳٲˣôһ£᲻Ⱑ
Ҳûֲˡ
ˣֱһ˫нǱΪá
ǲ𣬻
ҿȥˡһ䣬΢Ļȡ
ô˵ôΣܹܳ鷢֮˵ô໰ͣǻ˳ԷͲġ
˵һ㣬ֻܻͨѣȻĻܳɺһȥģظԼ
ҲȥˡܳҲһ䡣

ֻǰڰҪͶؿʱһȻϢ
ҵǸʲôϵ
ţ磬Ҳ˵𣿾ҽԺһͬ£ڹʱйӴء
ȴ˵ⲻ԰軹Ҵ϶ͨͬ¹ϵɣ
ǰı磬ҵĶӣС

Щʲôе㲻
˵ֻǴһЩϢСǱߣʵһЩ˽⡣
û˵ҵ鰡˵
еСڼҪжģƽҲǺ϶ģֻһ֮˵Ű̵ʰп϶𣿡
üһ
ʱ˵͸о˫۾
üү˰
Ǹ³ӶûסͶĿˣСԵͯмɡ
лл㣬硣
ϴ绰衣æ
˵ȱʣҪ˵һ飬ǽҳȥԷʱ򣬿ǸˣһŮ³ҵʱ·
עƬشˣҲôע⡣
û˵ͨز鵽ģֻ˵Լ·
ô˵أǲܾڵİ̸ŮӵӵģҪֻ̤ƷõĻҲӲܵġ
ǸŮǲǿһɫİϸ˵
ţʶ⡣
һԷģҺҪعƴʦֶŮ
͵æһ磬ʵҺֻͬ¹ϵ
ôͣΪܵصһӦȥܳɣΪˡ
ͨͬ¾ͨͬ°ɣҲһʡ㲻õĹļ³ҿ϶ġڻ֮ǰ飬ҲǸоΪ
ִ飬Ϊá
Ͼܶ˶ԡѡĽ䱸Ķǿ飬ȱ¡
лл硣æҶ˵绰
ȻϽԼĸ״˸绰һȦ֮󣬲΢
ҰԼĸõ˸ܳɵϢ
˵ԭƢе󣬵أûԵʱ
Ҿѧҽͦõİ㲻ϲѧҽ𣿡
ϲѧҽѧôã
ƫƼأڣٷְٵڰɡ
ĸףҪ̸ǣܳɵƢ顣
ֻǰһȫ
֪ĲŷְԼһ飬ǾǣԼûӦʱòļˣǰˣ˼Ȼǰ׼ʼעܳˡ
ѵǾѾãҺܳɣ
ǰӵİʲôûʼİ
춼ûĶã
ֻǰ룬Լû˼ĻôոԼںԼĸʱôûκε淴أ
ΪʲôôİõȥһкӵƢԸ񰮺Щأ
ΪĻ
ǰԼȥЩô
һ㣬ǿ϶˵ģǾǾۺϵĿܳòûͨĹؿǰ˵Ĺؿͨˣ
ֵġ
еڴ
˵ĻԼôһܣԿʼԼеĵһˣͨŮһ
˼ţعʱѾǾŵһʮˣ÷Ĥˡ
һΰҹʮúñǻȿֺ
ƻˡ

ʱ䣬һζš
ϣܳɾͽӵ˲̶Ƶ˫֪ͨ
켴еĹǿᣬܳôȱϯ
ǷգðˣҲҪǰȥġ
ܳ˵á
˵СȺ
Ȩ˵Ͼ磬ܳɸ磬ϣʮСſڣϴǵ绰Ȼȥḽۡ
á
áܳ˶ظˡ
ǵĴεȷ켯ϵʱ͵ص㣬ʮҽԺСſڼϣһȥμһĹǿᣡ
˶ûμӹǿᣬһʮֵ࣬Ҳе˷ܣҪǲλٶԳԺƷʺòò˵ܳԹ
Ǿô˵˹ȨһЦ
⼸죬ܳɺͶϾ˵ˣһ̨
ܳͨİµϣؼʮѾǺܵ͵ˣ䣬ҲǶ䡣
ҲȨջĵһ̨ͨߣҪְһе˾ҵҲܴ򳵣۵úܣ
ܳɺƲ̶˶ȷʱ
ˣʦ֣ĩҪҪһȥӰ
ʳʱǳ۽ģӰԷ֣Լףļ׵ģʫ껹ǲһס
ʫ껹˵ڲŮǰӰʵģʱ乻˵ܶ໰
ܳɾæصǹǿᣬκϼҪȥμӣҲҪȥûʱ䡣
Ǻ
ʱӦÿԡ
죬ܳûôҰ죬ʱ䶼˸ϰģϣǰرȽܳһûһš
ܳɾеš
ΪģĹУγԡ
һǺͰˣȷݡ
һǺͰϵضˣȻǳ˺鷳鷳ȻڵӰöԷһֱӴҲǱѩ꣡
Ҫ֪ڿʶ˲٣иƺŵġ
ܱѩ֮ã
ŵ֪ˡ
̫Σˣֱһãһŵ
ǡڼˣܳɸпܸӣ


һٰʮ 桤У
ϸεģ̣ܳɻذѱʼǱϸǶϡ
°ͣϸ˼һǻȻЦ
ʵģ໥Ӱ죬໥ӳգҲ˵ԼһҪģ·ӣʵߡ
ģ磬ǸԴĻᡣ
£ģ⸱棬һЦʵ֮Уȴ⡣
ǿԶ뻹ǿĿǿȡķӡ
ļҾģͨģģУܳҲ֣Լֲֻ˼ͥڡӡ£߾˲£ŻܵȽϲıӦ
ܹؾصģǼ԰ܳɺܶ޷;顣
һ֤ʵļҲʲô̶Ѩ
ƫԼŮÿͥıܣͨļͥƥһŭѪߣ
ȥԣ
ʵѧҲûʲô˼ǰȥμӵʱ򣬾ڸߡ
/ɰܳɿȥϢ֮󣬹ССʱֻظһ
ܳɱظǰûμӣϼ˵ˣһҪȥ᳡Ҳ֪ʲô
ϼ㰡
ƵᣬҲÿоȥġͽͣҲе棬ǿƵǲǺƵûвͬ
Ȼ棬ҲȥһܣΪʱˣ˺һЩʱ䡣
ĩѿʱ䶼
֪ԼʱͲãȷɵĻ϶ܿͻᵽյ㣬ӹӹµµһ
Ȼ˵ŬЩֻӹӹµµյвһŬĺôǳͷġƾԼıȥƣоȥμӸִ

գ
ܳɾͽӵȨĵ绰ʱܳѾ˶ʮӣӵ绰˵Ȩӣܲȥϴ裬ٿʮ˵ĵط
ȴ绰Ͼɡ
Ȩϻ˵ܳɸ磬ϾѾȥˣ͵ˡ
Ƕô磿ܳѾܵ·ϣе𾪡
ϾǵһȥμᰡʲôضǰȥЩȥҲͣλЩȨû˵ǣʵڴľеġ
˷ܵкð˯ž
ȻһȽ˼ǣѾչһСе˾ĲĿǰȨֹɲССе˾Ҳٰ֮һʱڹǿչ
ȥԼЩͬ¡ҵˮƽô
ϾǲԺսֶʵĻҪ̶Ĺ˾ûнҽԺĿԣ̸ҽԺҵ֮¡
ճ̰ţýѾˣԣȨʵɡ
ţȥϴ裬ΪǶൽųġܳæȻӿٶȥ
Сſڵʱ򣬲˳ܵİ˸к˾ʹ˿ֻǰ˿˶ֱϵʱ󣬲ЩĽˡ
ʮҪķֻ¥£󺹣Ҳü
ÿҪǳţ㲻ױǲЩҪСʱ

ܳȨͣ㣬ͿȨͶϾ˳λԱߵˮϣŷۣһݣˮԲϡ
ܳɺȨһ·ۣһ˵ܳɸ磬緹ˣǸϽ
Ҹһ£벻Զ߹ȥҲͰСʱĳ̣ϲģĩûϰ߷ڣʱ仹Ҫʮӡ
Ԥʱ䣬ǻݲͬʱʵʱ仯ģԲʱ䡣
߽ܳͿ˶Ͼ˸ƺеʣϾôණ
Ͼ˵ģܳɸ磬εᰡ
ơؽơ˶ҽѧơ
ÿᵥУÿĻ飬糡ֱַΪ°ڡһͨܣ϶ܲ
ҾʹҼˣפؽơ˶ҽѧʹгεıʼǶáѧ
˵꣬Ͼֿ˿Ȩ˵Ȩ˵£ˣܳɸ磬ҪҪһʼǱʱٽʼǣ
˶ϾĻܳɶе񣬿˿ԼžֻֻԿףоòٵ
Ͼܹоûеġ
Ҳ֪Ͼһֱϰߣʱ⡣
ãѡĸܳɾʡ
ҴѡˡϾԺ죬ҲǾе㲻˼
̶Ǹ㴴˵ģǿ᲻ͬǲͬרƣҪʼǵĻôܳɾͲȥ̶Ƶˡ
ȥؽڰɡ
Ǿͻ˶ҽѧ͹ܳɿһȨȨȴûӦ
֮ԲȥΪĿǰҽԺ󲿷ֵļȥˣǵĿңʵ͹ǿͬȴͬˡ
ܳɸ磬;飬ܼǱʼǼǲȫ
ҪɣһǱʼǵģҲѲ˶ǮȨе㲻˼
ܳɺͶϾıʼǣ϶ҲῴԼȴԾʹǮһԼ
ϾҡͷҽѧרҵģǲصģǹǿרҵģѼסҪصϸڡ
ұǺɳ˶Լ˵ģҺɳ˶ûɶˡ
Ͼпɳ˶˽ôվһʦҴʦѧǾ֣ԣϵǷǳ顣
ȨҲеȨţ뵽Ͼ磬ˣȻԼǱʼǣǿ˰ѿεƵ¼
뵽⣬Ȩ۾һԣá
ܳҲǾȨĽе˵ְ͵ĶǸڣ϶̫ǿѧġ
ܳɵ֪ʶṹϵеңʵҲкܶණѧ
ֻ¼ƣزܺðɣĻҲרҵˡ
˼ǣôһΣǲǻѺ۶̫˵㣿
ȨȴܺãңЩ¼Ƶܶ;򵥣һЩѣǾרŸµģҲרҵӰġ
ֻҪ̶λ򵥵úܡȨ뵽˽İ취˲Եøˡ
Ѿ˺Ĺ滮ڵѧ츳ҪҽԺϲܣȥҲڲһ֪࣬ʶ
Ϊһҩеƹ̣´࣬һרҵģʱ̨֡
·˵˵룬һȵ֣Ҫ˼ɷչģȨ˲ٵϣ֪ÿһе˾Ҫ뷢չĵһȰÿҪﶼʶ
ʶõİ취ͨе˾ԣȥǮͳԷǣȨã⣬Ӻõ·ǾǸ˽⡣
Ͷãõֶ֮һ
׻֪֪ˣսͺñȣҽԺĻҪ㶨̶죬̶ﲻֵĻҽԺʱ輸׹ؽھ豸Ȼ֣ǲѡ
ڹؽƵʵɲ豸˲ˣ˲˱ег
ԼĹ˾ԣչ˵һСҵ񣬶ƶԣƿһչֽţ˫Ӯ
Ȼǰڣ˾ܶǮеģԼ֧ڹ˾𲽵ǰڣֻҪܹгĵһǼõ顣
Ȼ£ȨԼȥ̸ֻڱȥظ̸ôʺ͹ϵȻͱˣԺͲ¼ʦѧĹϵˡ
ϰԱĹϵˡ

ԱȨϰ壬ڸȨ򹤣ΪȨõøడ
ҽԺĵһҵ񣬿Դ֣ôҽԺҵҲҵؼˣҵؼͻƿڣͶãȻһׯ
ǰڣȨǲ¿ǮģֻҪܹгͲ
ЩӰ豸ܹѽεĽڻ߸ÿһΣ¼Ȼоǵ뷨ͱ䣡
ȻǶԴгмôġ
ܹΪߵģٶǽڻ߸ڼλ߸μ
ǿ϶ĶԼ뷨
ʵѾְͨ򳵵ǰڻۣǳҪߵн֮⣬ϣϿɺͱֵ֧
ͨ׵ĻǾҡ֪
Ȩ֮ԾҽԺΪҽԺţôϲķΧ
ҪҪΪСȦӶѣˣӦҲˣΪȨʲôȱˡ
Ƽˣһܺõ·
ĿǰȨ˾ǰ˼·Լ뷨Žˣžеͷǿ󲻴ǰڻպܶࡣ
ܹǿ
СżȻԸĻܣһûϵġ
ҵѰܳʡ
רҵĲˣܹһ£ҼѣôǮǾ൱ʵˣܳɻ֪һ񣬳Ѿ͸ߴ20003000ˡ
⻹سǵĳѡ
ҵǾͷİɣˡȨ죬¶ݣϻж
ϴģɫ
һƥ
ǳǮܳɺͶϾҲûˣȻȻ˳Լ򳵡
ȨǿóЦġ

ȥ᳡ܳɺͶϾͿȨѣòƿѣȨǹ˿ͻǵϼһ
ڵõȨǾ͸ȥλˣңǻѾƵꡢٰ췽Ĺ棬ͬƵ
ģܳɺͶϾ˶̫ǶϾȨ˳
Ȩ˵Լ飬ܳɺͶϾ⡣Ȼ˾ƵĿͷ
ȻܺȨҪȥʲôϾֻѣҲ¼ϵҲû׷ʡ
ܳɾͺͶϾٺͲ̶˸档
˵ԼѾ˻᳡󣬲̶ͶԶϾ˵öϾȥ˵Ļ᳡ţܳǺ˽ϵ
Ͼ͵ܳɸ磬ȥƵĻ᳡˰
õġܳɵͷƵһ¥ڷŵһȦָʾơ
Ƶ๦ܻչܶ࣬ҽ죬ʡĹǿᣬһЩ硢֪ʲôϵѧƵĽ飬ҲھС
ﲻ󲿷˶ǴΪʽһ¥ĹԱ·ģҲǶѡ
Ƶ꣬ô󰡣
ܳѰ˺Ȧ֪ǿƵֱĲ¥
һ¥Ǵƺ͹ڳרƣչǳָʾдǿ˵ĳ
һСĻչרСһЩֻʮλϯ
ؽڡ˶ҽѧרƣйоصרƣԻչֻҵСĶ๦ܻչ
¥¥ؽڣ¥˶ҽѧ
ܳҪҵĶ๦ܻչ¥ݶϣܳ¥ݵĽڣ˺ܶںѣƺҵˡ
Ρ
Σá
ࡣⲻô
ŽҲ˰

ܳɻһ߸ݣʿΪũ񹤴ʽװһ꺺ӣƤڣմɻͷеҵˣ˺½ڡһһӵһƺλ͵ӡ
Щ𾪣˲ò࣬ˮɶڣվڽֱϣϿһëñԻ˺һ죬߲ߣ
ȻܳɻһЩ۾бŵˣǴǳ³ǴǳʽװˣҲﺮѡ
ƲţưΪˡ
ԺʿǰΡ
Բۣܽˡ
˵ǳΪ־˵ܽô

ܣܳɵϣܳɻΪ⼸λǶЦԼȻתͷȥſһ̴ͷͲ֣һҸͷСӾ˹
˵ǳ˼ƤƤƣɧԺׯΡ
ܳפһð⼸ƣϴѧҽԺоMDҵһһԺʿһһڣһһɶɶɶĲʿ
ȻأǸΪܽڡˣţơ
˵Ѿ˶ʮƪsciϱѧ֮󣬰һƪٶȣsciĿǰѾǹҺڿһӰӺܵ͵sciڿˡ
ֻоۻӰӣѾʮԺ嶤ֻûвʿѧͱҵˡ
ͬѧ˵оѧʼĵ죬sciˣѾﵽ˱ҵҪ󡭡
ΪƲˣҲǲģ·ˣ˵׼оתֱ飬ĿǰѾҽԺ̨
һׯΣ˵ǣׯǸƵһӵε˼
ȺˣһɧóѪ
УܳɻˣǸܵĲʿڵϷһˣҿˣע㡣
ܲ˵ˣҲᣬֻ磬˭ᰡ
ܳɰΪһĴָ
УϴѧҽԺͶҽԺоѧԣӵģ⿴ȫǰ
ɧȨȲϡ
ֻƬУôһɼ
ܳһһԲλĸо
͸ϽһıʼǱҴ¥ȥˡ

еܵܳϵ¥˹ؽƵĶ๦ܻſڣૡ
Ȼ߽ͷ֣ڶ๦չǰѾо￪ʼˣһһЩҽǸһǸΣ֡
ͲͲ
ӫʣ׼𣿡
أأҶ˼ˣεĽߣһЩרҺͽڿܲԣҪǵĵת
๦תͷ
γ̱ӡûУ
ȥ򰡡ƢⱩ꣬޲ðѸæоԵˡ
ܳſڣɪɪȻһȦƵĹԱߣעÿһ˵󣬻һЩͲСˣѾм
ż˺վԶԶĴкЩԸȽϹֱģֱӰԼߣȻ
ܳɣֻҵ˵ڶһнǵλã鸴ӵؿǰһĻĻ
ܶ
⣡
˵ģƽ̨һҰͲһɡ
ϴѧҽԺƽ̨о׶ΣѾʼֹˣܳԼЩҪ׼
̨ææµµλãǶ๦ܽ࣬һЩרҺͽ֮лоϼ֧ȥЩרҺͽڣҪҪεĿμ
С㰡
ΣңĿμǷVXأǿ

ͻʶ
⣿
Ҫ֪ЩλߣҪôרҺͽڣҪôǵؼҽԺĿλ߲ΣһλƤͻˡ
ҹң
һоôȥǴ̨
ͬ£ΣԸһģġ
Ļִ󻷾Ѭ£㲻Ҳ˰
ȻܳɾͿǸоһλ֪Σ˵ЦؾͷֿˣǸλǸо׼ĻԺȥ﹤ġ
ܳɳĬţһ͡
ĽҲû̫Ľ
и˵ԵЩһƿţǹˣһӾֻվſǻ
ʱƿһţȻͬУǽӴ棬ȫһ
о˻ǰ棬ŻͲϵԣӦΪ˵ȻճЪеʻڣʱ׼Ͳ
Ȼڶ๦չǰϯţ߳нߵĽֱ̨߻ϯ
ÿһĴϯλã
ÿһϯλҵڶĴţȥ
ǣĳһʱ̣ܳɵߺ˼άͱˣΪˣ᳡еĴ󲿷ˣȻǰﲻվǰߣһ
νڣ
νڣ
Ρ
ܳɸϽҲվͷͿһ뾡׵ǣ˲߽ԱߣмװĵˣһԽš
߹˶ȥעĿ
ңܳɻ֣˳ֺ⵽˭Աߵĳߣͽ˽˵
ֻǽ˵̫СˣܳߵĲ̶ƶûܳǲʶģǰҲûμӹѧ飬Բʶͷܴͷ
գܳɺǣûȥǰ漸š
ǰ漸ţרϯλǣ˵ŵмλá
ͷ֮ܳɻпͷҲǴ棬˽һˣȻ˲ţһͷȽӲʣűͷ˵š
ȻĬĬ֮Ҳûһ̸Ŀֱֱ̨棬ػζǵӣȴһ
ȻʡؼеĲλԱҲ½½صˡ
Ҳĳһʱ䣬˻ȻϯλУվܳɣܳɻռһλã˿ǿŵġ
Ƶ֮ܳɲƴʦмǣ˭
ǸνڣǰϴѧҽԺĹǿƴΣĿǰѾаʮĸ䣬ĿǰϴѧҽԺĹǿƣһִġ
νһϽǣһЩˡ
ǿƵΣǰҲùؾصغһʦҲʡؽƵĿ֮һˡ
ԱߵģڣϴѧҽԺģͬҲǹؽƵĵߡô˵ɣȻڣǸһҽԺĴΣǣڹؽϵĹףҪνڵġ
һоѧǰҲ̫ˣҲðʮˡ
ֱǸǿ׽ڡ͸󣬽ʮһʱϴѧҽԺûֳ
ϴѧҽԺΪģдǰϽ֮һǿƳ;תȥʮңֻص˹ǿƣΪǿƵķչ͹ؽƵķչײĥ𡣡
ϴѧҽԺĹؽƺ͹ǿƣܹȫۺʵǰʮǼ˹ûȻ΢е»ˣרҵ»Ƿչò졣
ѧ̫ƶЩƺһ㡣
Ȼ˵Щ˶֪Ҳû⡣
ԱߵˣҲˣûʶƣֻΪǴܳǼʶģֲˡ
ܳɻȻ򣬵˵ͷһ
һ뢣һʱˡ
ֻǣƵĽ֮УʱҲǻߵʮ
ճǣߵʮ˵ʮӣǿĻʽӰ˵׼ʱʼκѧ
УܳɾͿˣϴѧҽԺٽڣ̨ǴҲȥģӦ˴֡
һ࣬һܳɲʶӣͷߣҲֵˡ
ϯ̨󣬾Ͽʼ˿ס
ˬɳеҲ죬еС˵ͱ䣬Ȳ
˼Ļ£λܹͬݰ١ҴҽѧǿƷֻᣬвλĽڡרҺ͸λǿƵͬʾֿĸллλܹڰæ֮иλᡣ
ڴˣһҪرظлرǵǰ׽ڡںνڡ
ںνڣλϽȻѾݶ꣬Ȼսһߣңÿһεѧ飬϶вμӡΪʡйǿͬһ
׽ڸȽ΢֮󣬵ѧ룬һȱϯ
ֻϣѧϣ̵ϵľҴΪׯ񴺣ϯ̨ϣ˵󣬹λڣһ
ͬʱ

棬һЩļαڣ⡪
˵Ŀ⣬ٴεƶˡ
ҽѧ磬ôһз
Эͣ³
ѾЭͺͻ˦һأνںһ˴۷壬˶Һӵġ
νڣǰǿΡ
ĸֽںרһѧʱʱȫרҺͽߵķʽѧ飬û˲ʶ
Ĵ£ҽԺǿƵۺʵȫȾǰʮ
ڣȻǿҵĴΣѧ磬ȷΨպա
¹ǹؽסšϥоƣһ֮ʡһļҵףҲͬǹؽƵ·ˡ
ЩȲᣬ鼮޶ָϣ
ҲֻԭĻϽ΢ûнϴĸĶǹڹĵ֮һ¸ƷǵڣԲʱá
ʮ룬£νںڶվ˴к൱š
㷢뾡԰߰ףȴȻӲʡ
ǣԱߵĿ׽ڣȴΪ˫Ų㣬ǿûվֻŶҰִкЩʧͻǡ
ţׯڲŽܵ
ڴˣǻҪصػӭԶģʡҽƴѧһҽԺĹǿΣҲҵıңׯܣׯڡ
ׯʡǿרУɳԶĽˣԶ۳Ͷ٣ˡ
ׯڣȫׯܣŴׯͬǽʡҽƴѧһҽԺĹǿƴΣ
ͬʱҲǹؽڸȾƵĶţҲιؽƻ᳡Ļʽĵһͷ
ԼҪԡ
ǹϣһܹŹؽڸȾһͬʱ͹ؽû֮һ
ǻӭҽԺĳ¼䣬½ڡ
ǻӭ
ׯڿٵǰһгͬİλߣȫǽѧҽԺǿƵĴμ
Ҳֻׯڣܹõ
Щˣͳһ뢣ܹҲԼҽԺĵΪ
ϾһĽѧҽԺЩ˿ɲԸ
ٴδʡҽѧǿƷֻͬӭлרܹһͬ貢ܽⳡѧʢ磡
һӭׯܽڣĿ⣬ҪĿǣŹؽڸȾŹؽȾһΧ
ĿܳȴΪϽ
ܳׯڽ˵ʱҲһһĽ߶˳
ʡڵרңûڡ
ʡҽƴѧҽԺׯܡ
ʡѧҽԺؽƽڣ¼ڡ
ѧʡǴѧҽԺǿƽڣóعǽΣĸѶʽĿǰҽԺδչ
ΰϴѧҽԺǿƽڣóؽڽ˵Σڹؽڽһˡ
ħͨѧھҽԺƽڡ
ܳں˼ʱ򣬻ϯٽڣͿʼׯ̨ܴϯ̨ĹУ
ׯڣʿʿʦڡȻѧ𡭡

һĺ׺ܳɳһĭ
ɾһʡĶˡ
ѧ˽϶ƽĿܹõİɣ
ܳɾЩȲ
ŵʱ
ׯܽѾˣܳʰþ
ׯܽڵpptĿҳ֮󣬾һ⡣
ؽڸȾǲֻһ崴ûǽ׼
ǰǣҲǣǣٹһЩ꣬׼иġ
ӦøĳɣΪĹؽڸȾǽ׼
Դ1990
ׯܽڵĿܳɻע⵽˾ƶΪ֣أüһ壬ƺúӡ



һٰʮ ˬ
ؽڸȾǹؽƵһ㻰⡣
ȾһֻҪڣôȾĻ⣬ԶʱΪʵУϸ΢޴ڣᴩƵĹУκһ裬ܵ¸Ⱦķ
ڵļȶ֢
һҽԣ˻ᷢȾǱȻģûΪ
ǰؽƶԹؽڸȾƽ׼Ķǣһ崴
ȻʵĹؽڸȾһ崴ڿйؽûйؽû߹ؽں
µĹؽûȾĻôҲһ崴ͬʱйˮ࿹صĿãйؽڷ
ǱȽϱյĴʩ
ׯܽǲȻ·ĹؽڸȾҲãȾµĹؽڸȾһڽг崴ȻһУͽ˹ؽû߷޵ԵĴ
൱ǰѶںϵһڣҰУʽھԵĽʽ
һѳĽʽó
ֻ˵Ӻܴ󡪡
ΪĿǰָϣеĸȾ׼Ƕ
Υָƣֻ߼еȨһ©ôʵʩˣ͵õΣ
һòã
ȻãԼʱ䣬Ҳû߾ȬǵסԺúҽʱ䡣
ǷڴͳҰǼߵġ
дָı׼ʽǺķʱͺķѽǮһһκ飬ǾҪҽΡ
£ȥðַգָϽĽڣҲȻöᡣ
ڱȽµҲ˵µҰֻǻûΪʶ
Ҫγɹʶкܳһ·Ҫߡ
ǣܳׯܽڵܽᡪ
ׯܽǲ˷ǳʽܽ
take home messege(Ҫܽ)
һǳڱȽʽͶУǣׯܽڽдppt֤pptʱѾǻ˺ܶ˼ġ
ؽڸȾȫһôؼҪһҪעá
һʼ֮ǰһҪ׼Ⱦϸҩ飬ĵλԺͼγЭ飡
ڶʼ֮ǰһҪ㹻ʱ䳤ȵпʹʱޡ
ǵľƼпصǰҩһ24hߣ12hɡ
ǰδʹпأʹʱʵ35죬ҲɴﵽٷȾļʡ
У崴иȾ֯ϴȾؼ϶϶ؽäǻǻ϶ڴ˹Умɴµǻ϶
ģпʵÿ塣
壬ߣɽгϴ
̣ʱҺҺʱصʹʱƼʹʱΪ96120Сʱ
ߣʵĿѵ
һЩǰкƬλͬලׯУһѧļƣʵϣҫװ֮⡣
ԣ΢ЦЦҡҡͷȻתͷͿܳɣȻűʼǱׯ˵лժ˳
ɫһʣʲô
Ҿׯ˵õģͼ±ʼǣԱպĦܳɰѶϾ˵ǣ˳
ʵϣܳɾãׯܸոؽڸȾƵ·򣬼ֱΪƵġ
ⲻǹؽڸȾƵͻƵ¶ľô
ܳģ˼·ʡˣֱׯܸոս˼·ȥģһΣ¾ܹõ¶ļܣ⻹Ǻ£
ܳȻҪϽׯܽڽģЧҪʱ֤仰ܳȫͲȥء
ģĴڣкܶԴᣬҲиԴʱɱ
һβУΣβУʮΣܿ˰ɣҲĹ
ƵɫŹ֣ܳɵıʼǱ˵û˶ֻׯܽôһ˵ôһ𣿡
㿴˭һļǱʼˣ
ָܳȥȻûʲôڼǱʼǣܶ˶˫ֱأǼƾͲΣڿ֡
ܳɼ¼꣬ׯܺĽһԷظʦҲڱȷɰɡ
ܳɾãѧϰǸ˵ģǹͨģˣˣҪôǸڣҪôΣҪôо
ڻʲôطΣѧˣоиõѧϰƽ̨
ܳԼûᣬȻܶһЩʼһЩˡ
ѧϰĻᣬ֮ס
ƿܳ˵棬Ȼͷ˷۵㻹ׯװƵЩ˰
֪֪ׯڣ֮ԸĵλйؽڸȾһƣһıġ
ȣĸҽԺǽʡҽƴѧλþڽʡ֪֪ʡҽ߼ãִ͵ȫҽ׵ġ
Ҳ˵Ǳߣͨ˻ؽڣȫҽǮԼóʲôǮ
ԣǲˣҽµڶؽڼķޣ˾װһԼǮֻ΢ܵǿܵġ
ǳκһطôظ
ظģֵĵƣׯڸЩĸڣıʼûá
ֻҪׯûаָϸ֮ǰûȡԵĹ㷺Ͽ֮ǰ˵ģʵӸϽΪе㻪ʵġ
ƽú͸ܳ΢ɴ۾
¶
ţ˶ֻǾׯװ߸Լˣ
ܳǰûлμѧ
ǣܳɸոַ֣ѧֱΪģƵġ
ׯ˵ϸڷǳʵׯܽڵ˼·ոһģ⡣
ȫǰׯܽڽ˼·ߵģԼʲô
ܳǰЩʱڼֳУõĵǹؽڸֱڽĹؽƵĻչϵġ
Ȼ󡪡
ܳһԵؾͻ˹ؽڸȾ/ƾ飨綨弶
һ꣬Ȼûܹׯܽ˵ֱӴƹ򣬵ҲһԵؾ͵
Ҿׯڽеİܳɾͷơ
ׯܽڽľԲǼٵģֻûϿɣ
ǵʵʩʵʩɣнڽģе
Ҿ͸ôɣʵѧ飬Ǵ͵װֳľ˭ᴵţƣˣֻҪԼԼܹԲ˵Ƽ˷ۣܳЩʼǣʵǶһ١
ԣԾ
ܡ
ĶҪͺ֪ƹĶע
ûҽףκεطܸģʽͻҪؾصذеָ£
ׯڣرָܴ֡ܳɽ͵
Ǳׯܿ
ܳգգۣҲԸƵǰᣬѾȷׯ˵ģǶԵģǵõ˺ôġ
ûҪȥӲգ˵˵ģʵƲˡ

ׯܽڽΣһƣΪȥҵžžֱ졣
һ߹Ƶʱһ߻ֶܳ˵ܳɶΪƾׯܵͽˣϾĵǺ֡
ѧ飬һٷֻɾʮ֣ʣʮһֱŷ֣Ҫϸȥӳףܹõջ񡣡
ѧҽԲֻǱộôѧͿˡ
ûнӴ֮ǰеҽѧ֪ʶǻѧˣΪ棬ʼӴ֮ͬҪʼȥţʵˡ
Ҫ۶ԴҲֻܽ۶Դ
۾顢ҽѧᣬ᳡ÿ˶Լᣬܲ˵һ־硣ܲøŷһ־磬ܲʱ㹻ѣһ־ˡ
˵꣬Ʋͣ
ƵĻ΢е£ܳɽüͷƺҲû̫ͷǾֻǰ仰סˡ
Ҳûܳһ仰ԭطڶǾͲٶ˵ʲôˡ

ׯ˽̨ԻǿƵĳ¼ڣͱϯ٣ϵ˽̨ȥ
ѧĽ˳ţһԴȣռݺõʱڵ㡣
ͬȼĴУԿȣԾԶȣһԶȣʾԽߵءͬҲ·ȽԶרҺͽڸ֧ʱ䡣
ͺñȣׯܽаŵĻڽΣͿظĻճˡ
¼еȣҪׯ΢СһЩҲһߣӸݣûׯܽô࣬˹š
û˭Ϊ¼Ĳ߲󣬾
ϾԴʡѧҽԺĽڣֵķǱϴѧҽԺҪصġ
¼ҲǹؽƵĽڡ
޷򣬲ͬڣǹؽڻεؽ
ǿƣĸרƣˡؽڡǲ˶ҽѧǹؽƣͻ̫ϸڷ֧
ͬķ򣬾ͨ˲ͬĴкܶС֪
Уܹؽҽǿҽʹһ˵ݣǣʵרҵԸרҵ
߻Լ֪
ؽڻεĽȻҲڹؽûеһ֣ȴǼΪӵһ֣ҪĹףܹѻεĹؽڣˮ׼
Ҳǳ¼ڲڷݡ
һĿĿǰʡиһһλڣôĹǿƽڣⷽԲ
Ⲣˮƽ⣬רеķһֱȡ
ͱ磬ϴѧһ븽ȣϥؽûͷһ飬һǱ߾в
ҽԺڻιǹؽڷ棬ѷһһ
иơ
¼佲ڵҲµܳһʢ硭
ܳεĹУԱߵһֱֹͣ
ôС𣿡
΢е㲻̫ϳɣ
ӴǶȣ᲻õ㣿
֪ƺţƣ֮ǰϴѧҽԺؽƵڣڹҽԺܳɶãǲǷˣǲħˣȻʼָ¼ڵķָ㽭ɽ
ǣܳɻƵʦо򣬾ǸӵĹؽڷһ飡
νҲڸӹؽûһ֡
¼ڽεķҲׯܽڣΪһ
ܳһŵĹУȻűʼǡ
ֿܳддȻ͸Ҳû˵ʲôˣÿ˶Լѧϰϰߡ
Ȼó¼˵ݹƬ棬ݻдȶеĴ󲿷֣ǼΪʵġ
Ҫ΢һ˵ȥָֻۣ˵ȥ¼һЩǡ
ԣҲͲܳɵѧϰʽָֻˡ
ܳɼ¼ģҪǳ¼˵ģݷ⣬ΪЩ⣬ģ̵Ĺؼʡȴ˺ܶ׵ʱ䣬ڣһЩݣǳ¼Լ˽϶鲻ġ
ڳ¼ׯ½֮󣬺ŵĽߣͲλԶרˣΪ˱֤ÿһζһĺ԰ǰ糡ڶڵĿͷεˣҪĿκ󣬾ˡ

ʱӽЪʱ򣬺ǴѧҽԺĳѧڣϳˡ
ķǹǲ
ǲڹǲƣֻһ
ǴѧҽѧǰǺʡҽƴѧһСרƣϲ̨ģԴӲ˺ǴѧһЩͻͽ̶ʮĹ򣬾ʹԼһƬ
ĿǰҽѧԺУۺǰʮڣ
ɲЦġ
ʮ֪꣬ĸλΣǰʮ֤ǵʵ
ƶڸп½ڹǲһ飬Լļġ
ǰԹǲûʲô̫˽ġ
ɵӴǹǿ󣬲ŷ֣½İ̫Ķˡ
ƵĸпҲܳɵĸп
ڹǲȫ磬ȥ
Ҫôԭ
ǲĲˣǱ˵ģˣ൱ھǸ˲ƨɣ֪Ϊ¡
ڳֺõĻ˭Ըɣ
ҪǣǲҪԭǹۺѪѪ˱Ͳḻ
ܹȬϹ̣ԼֲܴֻܿϵĹⱾ£˲á
ͺñȣﱾǲʺϳˮҪˮһҪúãƯ
ⲻԼûȤô
ôһƲܵ򣬳ѧڣȴܹ
ƸпͺѧҽԺĹǿƣཻԶⷽ棬Ҳ˽⡣
Ժ󣬻ǿԶ߶߶ġ
ܳɲػȻ֪˵ǣħͨѧ
ħͨѧҽѧԺͺǴѧҽԺཻɣǺǴѧۺʵǰǵ˲ֹһλԸ档
ѧǲڣݳڣҲвЪʱ䡣
һСʱ
εҲСʱЪ϶úˮˮ
ϴּĻϴּ䡣
ǹǱرһ
ƵҽУ̵ĲʼΪ񣬺ֻΪ
Ъƾƺǳĳ߹ȥˣܳɿķǺǴѧĳѧڣ΢һ¡
ܳɾûȥˣڻʱнڵĽݡ
ʡڵģʡĽڣջĶࡣ
ҪǣЩ˵һЩᷨܿܳΪܳģ⸱˼·ʡ̫ʱˣ
Ǻöܳɺڴ֮Ȩл᳡Ľμ¼¼Ƶ
Ǵգԣܳɵóգ΢ϸڽ˵ʱҪʱ¿Ƶ
ʱ䱦ʱȣʡһһ㣡

Ъ֮ĵڶڡ
ջճ̱İţڵڶڿǰжʮӵۻᣬҪԵһིߵҪлݡ
Ҳʻڡ
ȻʣֳģԵġ
ȻҪһһʴ꣬۶ˡ
ڶڻˣѾˣܳɲʶҲû˰ܳɾֻܾԭأƵλõͬʱȻٿ̨ϣʻڵĿʼ
ϯ󣬲ϻǵһ̵ۻڣ߲ϻѸʱ佻λͬǰ
Ҫллǰ漸λڵĽԣǴһ磬Ǳ˶
ˣţλڣڽκȻһЩ̫ͨ͸ĵطھȡʱˡ
λͬﻹʲô⣬ֱλˡ
ǶĻҾȨıԼ˽ˡλϯҲǸΪʵˣЦ
Կó̸ֹܽŰؿס
µˣȻŹֻᣬֲϿεʦԼ鱻֪ˡ
Ϊ֪⣬Ҫʡ
ǣһˣվ
ˣȻǺǴѧҽԺĳѧڡ
һ߾֣һվ
ףãׯܽڣôһ⡣ܱȽϼʶֵĽڵġ
ܳҲͲ֪λڽףڡ
ǾǣڹؽڸȾһҲиʵģô£ǰĳ򣿡
ٴνйؽڸȾʱѡһڻǶڣ
ѧԼ˵Ƚϼ
ôıȽϼ
ܳԿǶе崻ˡ
ѧᣬôʵôµ
˵ȾССָȾʵĲˣһڸ㻹ǰָϵĶڸأ
һڸ㣬ôٷˣǲǼͷһǰӲ˲
˸ĳʵǱʡ
ûҽְ
񲻣
һʵ⣬Ҳһձڵ⣬ˣܻ˼Էӣôʡ
ǳѧ˳ҲԼɵġ
ǾǣؽڸȾһû󣬼ٸȾˣô죿
ûӦԴʩϾǲϵǰָϵģ˾Ӯ
˵ˣǸû취ѧĻǽҲֻǵһֺǡ
ׯĵһô⣬վͲֱųѧ
лл½ڵʣʵ潲ô꣬ǵһλش⡣
ҲǺܸ˳½ܹʵ⣬ΪԼҲʱʹԼ⣡
ҸոҲ˵ˣһûƼûоȥҪһľ飬ܹٸʣһ
ǵǰͨñȽƵġ
Ϊ˱ͿٷȾǳȾȾˣôͨѶ£Ҳ֪Լĸԣڳֹͨڲǿȵ£ǲ̫ġ
ϾǿңûҲģҺһûǸռһ롣
ңһԸλٶشһ⣬Ǿõ⡣
ʵҪڵѵķã϶һҪࡣ
ңһһΣһαҲٲ˶Ǯ
ôǰ˽ǰ£ѡʱֿܳǵֿˡҲǰѲ֪ͬѡȨӵ󡣡
˵֡
лл
ׯ˵꣬ؽԼĻش
ѧ˵˵ͷûˣֻЦЦԵúȥ
ȻĴ𰸻г룬ɱ˲ͷء
ףʱѻȻȻؽ˹ȥл½ڵĵʣҲллׯڵĻشͽţԺԹؽڸȾ⣬ҲԽԽ룡
ԽԽǳȻոճ½Ҳṩһܲ벡˹ͨ˼·
ףڲ֪²ۻǱԭ򣬶ôһ䡣
Ȼ͸Ͻת˻⡣
棬ǻҪһˣ֪λͬʲô⣬ǰ漸λûУ
ˢˢˢ
˾
ףֻֽһλǰĵһλŸӳµˡ
ԱѻͲݸ
ҲûзϻʣҲһ⣬ʳѧ½ڡ
ʵҪʵ⣬͸ոճ½ׯڵ⣬һġ
Ƕ֪ǲһҪٳǼΪˣûĻ½ڻô
һֳٴΰƬ̣
⣬ͳѧ֮ǰׯܵ⣬һģһֻʷӻ͡
ܳ۾ɴԲˡ
ȻʱǻˣܳɵԱߣƫȥ˵ⶼС棬ѧѧѧ˺ôѧ
Ǵװֳҵѡ
ܳɵ˵ͷƵĻеġ
ѧڶ⣬ǵһλشֻǵ
ĿǰΪֹֻյλǲȻδõĲһλΪһУ˳¹۲λٹۡ
һλΪҽһڣͶ¹۲λظ¹ǲ
ǣ˹ǲ󣬹ǲȻڵĲĻһ¼ȥ
һ˼Լǰ
ڶ˼ԼĲǷ񲻾ϸ
˼ٸλ
֮⣬ţǲĻߣһ㶼˶ҽԺ㲻ҽشҵߣҲ֪˹ǲһǺѲġ
ҵǰģлл
ѧеȥ
شҲ⣬ΪǸ֪ѧ˵ǲģǲֻⲡ˹ǲ
ǣڳѧĽУȷֻᵽԤ
ׯ˵ĹؽڸȾļʣ̫ࡣ
ԣֻ˵⣬ò̫á
ףȻٸ׷ʵĻᣬȻͱʴרˣǺĻڡ
ˣףֱһ
һվоԼͦ˵صܸлܹҵʵĻᣬʻҽԺĳ¼ڡ
ȹؽڻεʱûгֲֹǺٹ۵ô
¼Ҳվص
һ˵⣬ܳɲףԭνѧ࣬ʵӵġ
ҪһÿΣǵôרҺͽڵ棬жѣ
Щ⣬һһֱ꣬ڻ
֮ǰ˵ѧׯƵ⣬ǰйڡ
Ȼ˷ʹǱĻ
⣬;ԲżȻˣܲÿ˶г˰ɣ
ǽߣĿǽĿΣô컨׹ڶһȺӵˣ˵ôôһ붼벻⡣
㡣
ΪˣҽѧƷչԴȪ֮һɡ
ܳɵĸд
Ҳ⵽ˣҽѧУÿһҪľҪԽ鷳ܹأ̤̤ʵʵ̤ÿһ
ûнݾֻдǻۺʹߣͨУԶ
ĿǰȻӵкܶȼܣǣȻ֪ʶ滹ͨڻóȻĻѧһȥ
ܳش⣬ܳɿ»ᵱѡеĴ绷ڵģֻ𲻱磬ʱĻû취ˡ
ҪȦ죬͵øָ׼
ѧûôĪ⣬ȻҲûôӵ٣кܶ˺һЦ
ϵ̨棬ԼһСĴӣԼסĻǾҪԸˡ
ܳɼȴһε˳ȥܳɽ˵ܳɣΰɣȥˡ
ôܳɶһ죬ҪҲʲôرʽĳϡ
֮ܳǰ˽αĽܣһ˾ڣħͨѧھҽԺ
òǺƶеĵλһǰϾҽԺвͬĿңԼܳǲ֪ƺ첻ġ
ţƵͷΪѾ߳ȥˡ
ʱȥμӻĹǿᣬȥһħȻҪǰڻȥʱ򣬴ʽϢΪá
ΪʦŵĴʦ֣ʡΪҲҪдġ
Ǵܳһģܳƣη·߻ħƵģһߵĴţƣʼǺüҳüҳ
ô˼ܳѧϰԾܳɼˡ
ûཻˣֻܳǴſһȥķ򣬾ͼרעˡ
Щ߷ݣ߷棬ּ٣٣Ҳо˺ܾõѪۣԽĶһЩԵ˼ά
ţҲҪεģЩΣܳģ˼·ĺزģ֮
޶ģͱ˵ëͶÿ˶úˬ飡
ȻˬˬˣԾһˬܳɾƨɾﶤŲŲˣ


һٰʮ TMѿ˰
ĳԺ17ǿɧȺ
ҿҸոڻ᳡ܲķ˿ˣ
/ͼƬ
ͼƬһڱʼǱʼǵƬ
˭ôܲʿѧѧܣ
ȻȺ˽
˭ôܽѧѧ
˭ôԺʿѧеܣ

һֵļƣԾǸһ仰ߣ1֮󣬸ǳƣԿЦ
Ⱥ棬һ꼶оǷֲڲͬĻ᳡
ȺϢ֮󣬡ܲʿǱʼǵͼƬҲǱȺ
ԼƬܲʿϽȺظˣգһȺƤƤƤҺòã
ҲʶǸһĴСʱ㵽ˣײᡣ
ܲʿе㰵ԷȻ˵ڵĳɼΪƣ֪һһ֪ʦܻʦֵģһͬеţƣ԰Ŵ
һͼƬ˲ôĵطȥģһ䣬õŸѧⲻЦˣ
ܲǴС
һ£ܲǩô
Ȼٻظһͷʺš
޹
˵ûҧУܲȥˡ˴˵
Zjjl@¥ϣҺðɣͳ㡣
@ҹ˷磬һֻС˲Żñ˵ĳߴ翪ЦŵˣЦԼҲô
λУˣҴ࣬ģֶࡣ
zjjlǱΪܲʿˣԭܽ֡ĳͬͬգȡʱ򣬶һjjʵŮѵ֣ĸ
һֱȺڸΪzƾӣjj lˣ
¥Ҳһȵȫдֱεг͵װԾͰԼĳ¥ϡ
ǵܲѱôÿγȥ˵ܲͬѧ˶ֱӸҴ۵ġ
yan0'ԶԶԣ
yan0ܹܲġ
Ʋܲöܹ㰡νͬˡ
ʦһԼʦͽyan0
zjjl֣ܽɧ֣ƲƤˣ
ҿԺʿֲôŵôduanP
źͷſƲԺʿĴôHuanglongظ
Ҳ17оҲǵһƬǸˡ
Ѿ׼ܲˣܲԸԸCFK
yan0ʦǣ磬跲࣬ʲôCFKֻ֪KFCܳ@Huanglong
Huanglongkei
ѧϰˣ@zjjl
ѧϰˣԺţơ

žƵϢظܽڼ¼ʼǵʱ򣬿һĻõۼˣҲԼȺͬѧڣ˷ѧϰͼ¼ʼǡ
дô£ľ˼άĲ׽ÿһεѧ飬ܶidea۵㣩

ͬʱڹؽƵѧĻ᳡׼¼ʼǵܳȥ
Ҳɵû˵ôֱӣȥִܽʲôЩ棬ܹǿܽһмǱʼϰߵˣôдµĵӵġ
ܿܳɵֱߵһһ䣺ã𣿡
֮ǰģƴ˿̳ȥˣҡͷ
ûˡȻ̵ͷʼдд
п
ҲûϿʼܳɼЩʲôֻǿһͿܳժŽ˵Ĺؼʡ
һûص֣ذص㶼д
ʱʧ
ţλүǸƵģ޾ϸض˵Щʲô£
ãôǱʼǵˣԲܽ²ߵˣܽҲ϶ôǱʼǵġ
²ߣһǳؼؾǣҪܹšÿƪµдʲô˼·ĻÿһƪµڶǼģ̵£ﵽһ꣡
߲űƪͬʱдͬʱͶ
Ҫ˼·ң϶޾ϸı취ȥǱʼǡ
˼·úܡ
ܹ֮ܽô߲϶кܺõİ취ÿһƪ¸Եݺ˼·˼·εʱҲ֡
ͬĽ߽ݶͬüԱȲñͷܹ֪ȥЩ˼·ôͻѧϰ޴档
ʹܽˣܽ־ǲ֮أÿζܣԸߡ
ܽʲȻȻܳһˡ
㣬һܳʶһֲʧʲô㶪ӣֵǮѧٶӶ޷
ڷ¼£ЦѧϰĻӶŲ㻹ôѧϰ
ֲԿܳȻԸߣҲ⣬Ը˵ˣôǷȻˡ
Ѿ˲ҪӺͲҪˣȴܳǸɵӡ־еЦ
Ҫֲһ˰͹ʣGͬѧڼǱʼô
ܳǱʼǣû뵽˴ڨֿ˿ǵǸոԼû˵Ǹ˫ţ˼󣬸Ͻһдһߵͷ
šΪ˽Լʱ䣬ֻܳһ֡
ǡ
ֻǣҪʵʱ򣬾ͱһ˴ˣȻһʮҵ꣬˹ؾܳɵֱˡ
ܳɸ磬㼸Ȧˣ˶Ͼ֪ڵ᳡
߸оô
Ҿİ
ܳɴ𣺡Ҿͦ˼İ

λôɧȺ˻Ҫɧ
˫Ŀ㿪һ롣
ģ
߮Ȼתͷʣʦû᳡ô
ܳɾͻ˵ˣոʦ˵ʱеȥˣʲôʱŻ
ܳһ߻ţд˼ݣ14ҳԺ7쿪ʼܶ1¾Ҫʼ顭
߮翴ܳǱʼǣͲܳˣټĬĬһо΢еġ
㿪ʼΡ
ȻͿܳԱߵһؿܳɼ¼ĶҴ˿̻ʼ˵ˡ
ͬѧЩЩ׼ġѣãܴܳûõ𰸣ԿóܳǸܰѧϰˡ
ܳİѧϰˣӦߵ·ΪãҪΪЩûɶĶ˷ʲôʱ䡣
ܳɾתͷЦЦ£һЩ
üԸϲñͷ
мʣԱҲо߲ʿ̫Ļѧ飬ֱǱ⣬ܹѧĶ̫࣬Լȴǵһβμֻ顣
Ǻź
μεĹǿᣬܳɻ֪ԭϣȻģ˼·ģⷽԴЩһһӵѪ
ĸѧУİͬѧܳɲ޻ڸ֮⣬ͺʣĶӡ
ɳаҽԺĹࡣܳȻܺƵʡ
¡ЦݵȻϻӦǣǣ
ԼϹİѧϰļɣ쿪ϣôܽһ˿
ط˼䣬Ͳٶ˵ˣܳɶøЩֻΪ˲Լʵͼӣֵ̫ԣһ
׼ߵʱ
Ȼϰ볡һڴϯ٣Ǵȥϴּģߵ˻һź˼̽ͷ
߮磿ôˣ
Ǹھǰ棬ҪҪȥԱģҪ֪᳡϶ܿĵġٺȻָָǰ棬˵
꣬߮ҪڹǿƵϢ߮йӴϣѾ˵꣬ʮĸ䣬һѧΪͽİʽҲٰ߮Ȼ߮ٴ
ΪѾʮ꣬жʵҸ˵ĵӣҲж˲ʿʦְǲˣûʦͽʵҲԽ߮綫
ֻǺ߮ȥ˶϶Ϊźֱ߮ԸרҵǶԹؽȤĻԸ̡
ˣڿ߮᳡ʱǺܸ˵ġ
⻰һȻϴѧҽԺоо꼶ǣȻϴѧҽԺģҲǶйŵġ
ϴѧҽԺؽƵ̩ɽνͬڣв֪֮
ûڣǰʲôˣ
ǺһϴѧҽԺĿǰԺҲǹؽƳģǹؽƵо˼ˣڶʮҵ꣬ôͰף
ҾͲȥ˰ɡ߮ҡҡͷɫеźΪѡ
ȭ˵ʦеʦڶѾˣʦҲõġ
Ҿͺܳɸİɡ
ϣ߮ǼõģôͶԸ̣ĺ⣬ܾ߮ˣȻֱϣȻҲûʲô
ÿ˶ѡʦȨҪ˶֣Ե֡
ܲദòҪദΪã̫Ρ
ٽŲſܳڼ¼ʼǣ͵СܣҲڰôҲûǰҴкأ
׽ڣҿæͲ˼ȻѾ̬ˣܳȥУܳɲ̫⣬ûһǰپͻϴѧҽԺĹǿΣԺ
ֻǸС࣬еľصУ⣬˷ִ硣
ٴӳڻ᳡һֱæȥкҲû
ܳôõġ
ڼʲô
ֺܹĵܳɣǷǳܳɵġȻĻֱתˡ
һǸλʦĹ۵㣬ǰûĳϡܳɾʵʵ˵ǲ֮ǰԸˡ
ֻоûϵ٣ĿǰǿƵˣҪʡȦ죬ǲҪӶԷźãκʱκγϡ
ǰĲأǶԼڿӣ
һȻܳΪͽܵ˼ȻҲ΢˽ܳɵģȤĻԺÿοҶ㡣
Щʵüǣǵʱһǿл᳡Ļ᳡¼
ȤĻҿ԰᳡¼һݣÿֻ᳡УֻҪ˽̨ϵĽpptֻҪ߲ͬ׫ͻ档ٽ͡
еۣܹܳôϸµʼǣ֤ܳǺѧģֻһֱûᡣ
ְ취΢е㱿
ܳɾæϲ˵Ǿлл׽ˡ
Ȼڼ¼ʵÿһߵppt棬ԶԶֹһģ˼·ͷֻ̫࣬ܳɶ¼ѣǽ߻һ
ԭĻǾͷ̫ˣֻ¶ԷԸٳĻƴ󲿷˶ӵġ
ЦЦȥϴּˡ
ϲȻתˡ
ܳɼǱʼǣ߮ǵЦſЦ˵ܳɸ磬ʦãҶûֻ᳡¼ĵ׸壬ǲġ
Ϊpptݣ漰ÿһߵо⣬һ㲻⴫
ʦ˵⣬ʵҪѺЩġ
ɴ˼ãǶܳӡ
Ҳ⣬߮ĻٹҲӦҲ߮취ֻô鷳λ
ܳССѧ飬ûΣʲôܾʣⲻͲžÿһ˵ĹǱ
ʵһζѧׯ£ʵöˣҲ֪ЩǾ͸ôһЩطҲôһ˵ˡ
߮ô˵鷳ĻҾͲҪˡܳ¶ε
ĵ׸ȡ鷳ĻǾǷٵˣʵȨѾȫ¼ˣٸĵ׸϶ȫһЩ
װ׶Ƿ飬һûȥһĻǸΣ
ҲûʰʦǺ⣬Ҳöིʲôǡ߮Ҳεط˷˫֣¶һεı顣
Աߣֱ±ˡ
ԼͻȻ߳ɶ
٣
߮磿
ܳɣ
ⶼɶ
ܳɲǰҽԺĹôôٶܳɻôã
ԥʱ򣬾ͺȻֿǼˣ˽Ȼ໥ʲôЩԶԶسԼⷽһָ
ָ󣬺ȻкЩΧһ˳Ǹָָķ򿴡
ȺУȥϲپУҳ֮⣬滹дħԺǸҲڣҽԺؽƵףҲУ
һ˶
ŵøϽվ
߮
ΪˣƺȺ氡վ˲ҾУڱԵǻţϴѧҽԺؽƵףһԱߴӵĸˡ
һǳ¼ڣڶħԺƽڣǺǴѧĳѧڡ
վм䣬߮Ψһʶˡ
ȻߵܳǰΪ׵ˣΪε˵ʦ֣ܳɣ
Ǹո˵ǸСࡣ
ţϺڼǱʼǵܳɣܳɣ죬Ǳʼˣ
һ˵ţһ߳ܳ֡
ܳæһһȦȻֱ߮ǱҪȥҪֻ̫࣬ܶ˵˼ֵܣһ𣿡
Ͻλ˳ֻȫ£΢е㽩Ӳ
˫ĿĿ⣬۽ܳɵϣؿܳɣߵһ˵ǰ΢΢ǷϹ֮
ͳغһʦǺá
Ʋһһ
ûһƵ˾Ͱܳɸ˻᳡ȥ߮ת۾˼⡣
ԱߵһTMǲǸSBı飬ãȻĹˣ˿Χһ˭ģ
Ҫʲô
˰ӣض߮ͷ֮󣬸Ͻ뿪˻᳡ȥϴּ䣬˺üڣѲûζˣȺ﷢һϢ
ֵȣTMѿ˰


һٰʮ ѧ࣡
HuanglongֵȣTMѿ˰
ȺϾ˸ظ
yan0ʦ@HuanglongǱˣ
粻ȥܲôôͻȻƣ
Ѫ𣿡
ҹ˷磨ƣʲô@HuanglongҪҪ߶ȿռ䣿
¥ϣд׼ܶľջУ
HuanglongֵȣЦˣΣѿˡ
ȻһȽϳ֣ҸǽոҿʦүΧһȦӵıԵǻȻԱλǱʼǵֵܣǽˣòȺм䡣
Huanglong@ZjjlܲʿԲĳۿܵˣ
Huanglong/ͼƬ
yan0һϢ
һϢ
¥ϳһϢ
yan0һϢ

Zjjl֣ܽҿ
Zjjl֣ܽTM
ӵģ
ǹؽƵооʦнڣнڣֻϴѧҽԺĴڣ
֮ǰΪȦӱԵʦүĿǰϴѧҽԺǿĲμǿƴΣףڡ
ףĿǰǹǿƵĴΣͬҲĵʦнڵĵʦýжԷʦү
ǰףڣҲʦүܹΪǿƴΣҪΪڣҲףڵʦ֣ж˹ǿƴελá
Ⱥ֮УڲһδжϴѧҽԺǿƴεٽڣҲȦӵ΢Եǻ
ҽԺ棬ȼǷġ
µϣϰҽʵϰҽסԺҽʦԺҽҽʦڣڣ
룡
ԼʦڱȣͲ˺öΡ
ͬĽ֮䣬ʵҲЩĻֵģ˵ϴѧҽԺĲнڡףڡڣ
ںٽһʱģ
˿̣ٽڳ˵ĿվȦӵıԵҲˣмվŵȺˣݺӰͬһ㡣
ע⵽ܳɱȥǸȦ֮󰡣ûһˣһ˾ô뿪˻᳡ƣӦȥԷˡ
һΧһȺмԷ
Ϊʲô
Ϊʲôң

ͿˣҪ֪ףڣҲǵǰϴѧҽԺĴΣѧҲԼһͬѧġ
ܳɣ
ԼոջǸɵš
ſ˿ֱܳߵ߮磬߮ҲԼڵķ´һʵͬѧǸǸģ
ġء
Ŷûˡ߮žתˣΪãǱû˵ʲôر˼ˣ
߮תһȦҲûָǸ˼ˣΪԷǸˣǸ˭ĸ᳡ܲһģڵС˵棬ȱһȽҪĽɫš
ܿϧǡ
߮ҲȥıӰеңоһŨŨرַĸоҲö˵ʲôֻ߮һƬȺ档
˭ʶôеGHuanglong
¥ϣ
¥ϣд˸Һͷȥһš
yan0ʦ@ZjjlԺʿȥи˸Ұ

Ȼܽ־ͿͼƬ˲һ飬ϽȺ氲ǣģǱˣ˽߮磬ŷӣǵġʦ֡
ʱըġ
ʵڲ֪߮˭΢ȥٶһ¡
ܽ﷢߮ɲǺǵģӵɲôȻ˵ãʰԼȺоǴ´ģԼʦǶ˵
Ŵ򣬵ʱ򶪵Ļʦ档
һȺڰٶֺ߮˲ٵĴʲôࡢҽѧܴصȽ

ܽ
Լովɷʵƣ߮ؽһܳɸ硣
ȻԼúܰˣǸԼǲˡ
ԣҸոաϷ˵ľʲô
ٿȺڵ˶ʼ׷׳ԼϢȻҲϽԼϢֻϧˣһЩķԣȻˡ

ܳɱԵ޹ʵش᳡ĽΣȻ㱻Ⱥȥ¥¡
ֻǵȺУܳɾͷ֣ʵѹûԼʲô¶
Ϊ١ƽѧЩԼԼģƣֻǱԵߵٵЦҪƽһ֪Ľ̸û˲Ļᡣ
Ҫ֮⣬ʣµľͶģиһߵʸ֮⣬ʲô鶼ɲˡ
ܳߵȺĺ֮󣬱Щʧ
ֻԼЩ˴ţƵģǻڻ᳡أҵɶİ
ȻȺҵ·ͼϲ֮ǰȺо
ʦЩʦ㶼Ϥ𣿡ѹƣΪĽ
ӸոյĽУܳɾóЩ˶ѧ峵ڹؽƵѾһˮ룬ǵˮƽԲܳӵһܣܹϵġ
ѹ˵Գ½ڻׯǲ̫죬֮ǰйٵĻ׽ںףڵڿΣҲǾǳ
ţׯܣѧԼ¼ȽڣԸأǽӴࡣ
Ǻôʡ˼꣬ǹؽƵĳȻٵЩ˵ĽΣһ˽⣬ֻ֮ǰûƽʦֵȻû˵ʸ
ң˵ʵ֮ǰCOAߵʱΪᣬȻ῿ǰһĸڻЩ֮⣬֪ڣǸ󱲷Եġ
Կܶʶ
ǣƽƵĴʦ֣ħѾвСƲʦԺʿţһϯ֮أڹǿһλġ
ڳ֮УƽԼʦܣԼٰܳС֮⡣
ǺǴѧĳѧҲãǳ¼䣬ׯܵУĽڣǹɳеģûѧ档
ܳɺСһȻû廰Ļˡ
һλú󣬲ûмȥҳԷĵطٶǵףڣλޣ΢һ°ɡ
ҺڻڵʦܺСܣһģׯԼ½˵˵
ףǸģǸһģ
ǰǶϴѧϵͳģƽụྺǰǾǴϹͷŽֵܣֲ
ףھŲȻƽͷģŵħԺţׯڡ¼䡢ѧˣռơ
Ҳðƽܳɵ˷ֿǺõģ׽ڣȥׯڡ¼ȡһ¾
ׯܡΰѧ¼䣬λڶĽڣȻҪЩ
ΪףںҲʱȥμᣬΪߵģ໥ģѧҲ໥ģҽԺ֮⣬ȻҲҪܵȻĻཻǾͲˡ
֮ܳɾ͹ؾصˣҪưиˣҪôӵȥóԵʳȻƽڿ϶лҪ˵ġ
Ȼ֮پ͵ڣٴδϴѧҽѧԺӭڰæ֮УܳղμǵᰡĲ룬εĻ飬Բ
ƽ͸Ͻ˵׽ڣαʦǴģʱ鵢ˣȡг̣ϣ׽ܹ°
Ϊ˽̸΢ԵЩ
ƤһæˣԼİţΪİſɲá
ҽƽĻԺʿϴѧҽԺĹǿƾͻûйԺʿ
Ժʿɲǵķ¾ܹͷȽڵĺҪ˲֪ٱȻǴӦˣǣ˴ӦδؾԼҪƽҲԴ
ˣÿܵĩյѧ¶ʮ϶úúѡط
飬Ǳ֡
ƾʲô˾Ҫ
ٽ˵֮ǰ֪ҽڵʦܣһֱûüʶһź
˵⻰ʵҲΪ˻Σ
ô˵ҲǴ³ģɳҽԺôҲе㻳Ųġ
ʵоѧϴѧҽԺеѣǽʡҽǹżߵģֻĵλһǸȥ
ƾæѻ˹ȥ׽ڣ̧ˣʵҲʦ»һȦѣûѧʦ汾£Ȼֻ沨ˡ
ǫƽһۣȥֻ֮ڰҽԺʵĿģص׽ڣԺʦܻҪЯźð
ƽһ˵û뵽ǣپȻϵȻǺãҽԸϴѧͶĻǾ˫ֻӭģ
⻰Ǵƽһе㡣
꣬˵Ҫҵʱ϶ùǺƻ֮ĺü£϶Ŷ﷢Ƣüֱܳ˵
ֻǰƽΪƻһ꣬ͻȥû뵽ǣƾһ꣬ңƻ㲻ȥˣˡ
Ҳƽ֮ǰ˵Ҫٶչ˵ԭ
֮꣬ԲԸҹƵŵ̫ˣֲ˼񣬲Ըȥˣıһᣡ
Լƾѧʵȥңֻһõס
ֻǣȻ£ƽɳУҲܵϵİʾģϣԺ·ܿ㣡
Ҫʡô˾ÿϧͷŭվʦһʦͽһʦͽڵĻҲðװ׿ˡ
ôãҲ߶ʿְҵĵ档
˵ֱӣ·ƽһԼı˸ߵոУӵصҾʦл׽ˣԺ׽鷳׽ڶ¡
ƽڸһε·ˡ
µһ仰ǣʲô鷳ܰæģʦߣǻ취ġ
ԼѶҲֻףơ
ڣ⻰̫ˣҽֻشϲ鷳˿һ׼ٹЦһҺܿƵɫ
ƽһЦƣȥĻøԭλýӲźðҪ׽鷳
ƽ⻰ٵɫ̽ӲɫԳɫոٲ˵ƣƽʹٻ©ⲻ˵ĸо
ĿƵĻƻȥҽԺô
ҽԺס
Ѿһ޷תʵ
֪飬Ҫ˵
û룬ƽٴֱһν鳵
ƣ֮ǰ˵ҪʦһСʦܵ𣿾Сô㻹úýܽܣ
⻰ɫһ䡣
˫ĿоһƽܳԼˣĹĶѣ
ҪܳɾټγԺʿ
ʲôʱ飿
ѾӦĻ˭ù
ٿѾҪܳΪѧ׼ˣ׼ⳡ׼ʱ۶ӣڹ˻ǣ
ԣƾԲ鿪ЦϾ漰ԺʿһƵʦƿ϶ῪЦ
Ծ˵ʦ֣ܳɣĿǰҽԺĹ֮࣬ǰҰѧ
ұټʦģֻû뵽ʦСҲȤ
ƽֵ˵СܵľҲΪ᫡
Ҫ˵󻰣
ʱһ鰡ֱӰܳɵ¸˳ڲڣҽǸ˼һ¡
СҪȥкͶʲôʱ飬ҺûС˵
İ֮ܳǰοж˳ԣû齲˳ĻҲԼ޹⣬Բ⡣
ٵĻҲͲˣ֪ƽܳɣΪá
ôǲܶռ˵ģôܳ϶ǲġ
ȻҲûҪٶЩ飬˾ͲٻͷҲûкҩȥ׷˼ìܺԹޣ洦
ûеġ
ôһ˵ڸףڵЩˣҲǷ׷׽ڣҪͽ𣿡
Сô
ٵɫȻһ䡣
üһһעܳɵֶˣֳЦĻЦȦӾ͸ӹˣ
ͽܣѧʵǲһġ
Ѿܾòоˣֻʿ
ʿֻѧæɿģֻдоǱƾͿʼģǾְֽ̳ͽܣŽͽܡ
ƽ˵ҪʦܾټҾǰ½ڣׯڣǼЧ˹
ƽҲֿõʱǷǸࡣ
ʡ꣬δټһˣһרŰܳƳ϶Ƶĵġʲôˣһ˹ƶ벻۽硣
ܹܳõƵͣ϶жĹ֮
ǲ֪֮ʲô
ңƽڸ˸̨£͸æڣ½ڣ绹һ顭
⻰ҲֻһЦҲû˵ʲôʼȡȥˡ
ףǺ֪һ٣ܳɵʲôȻپͶףڶ˵˼仰ףɫҲǱɫ
¶
㲻ڲҰɣ
ٿɲȥףڽ̫࣬ҿһģ˭˶ȥǣͿˡ
ȻףھͱҲٲ鿪Ц˸绰Ҳȥòˡ

ȡͻƽҲΪ֪Ȥû£ҵһѧԵ⣬šףڸ¼ڵ˽ɳеķ顣
һԼˣϵʱҪһȥԳɳеıСԡ
ٺׯڶ˵΢̹˲٣û¶ͱ
һڴоȥרŵϢȥϢˡ
ֻʣƺܳɻڼսǰĳʳڶѻ
ȻƾͿܳɣ˵СܣĻ飬㷢ûУѧսϢʵǺŨҵģ
ûָߴϣһоĸо
ܳɵͷصǵģʦҲ֣ѧʱЩ̫кͼˡеѧ鶼ӵô
ֻصҡҡͷ˵ᡣ
ѾͰ׵ˣѧаܱһЩ
Ҿôưεѧ飬νǶ³ףϴضס
ɮ٣ʡϴѧҽԺѹнѧҽԺѳһҪĻھǿҽԺ֪ȡ
ΪӸλͺ𣿡
ܳɣ
⵽ѧ黹Ǵܰ
ʵܳɲ֪ǣѧ飬ʵȴܻҪһЩ

һȥߵĽΣˣȻǶ̶һСʱ緹ʱ䡣
һ룬ٴ׼ʱʼ
ֻǴʱеĽߣǱʡԸѧҽԺĹǿҽ
ң֣ǽʡĹǿᣬȻʱ򣬲ͷϷʼ
ƶܳɵϸ°볡ͷϷ
ܳɱڴ
칲Σÿη°ڣ糡ĵһ׽ڵδϯ糡εĵһڣ־ͽԻҽԺĳ¼䵣Ρ
еģ׽ΪҪӭλĵ
糡һڣ¼ڣڶڣʡҽƴѧׯܽڣǱʾڿμαأΪЩڣǴĲֻһˣˡ
λѾ½½ؽׯܽھͿʼͷˣ
ׯ˴ϯ̨λ٩٩̸ٴλӭλܹμӽѧʢ糡ھλڵĹϴ֮ҲЩƣˡ
ԣʡǿƵͬóһЩ˼Ĳλⷦ
ڴˣһҪظлǵνڡ
νѾǰʮĸ䣬Ȼܶһߣһμһεѧ飬˶ӦѧϰĿģ
Ȼգѵõǣǵνڽ컹Ǵ˼ĲԹѧϰͲꡣ
ĻᣬʵѵãҾνڵҶؽܣλˣ
һƻӭɲϵνڡΪǿ°볡ʢ磡
¼ڰλ˳νһţľδϣȻ§
¼ڣҲǰ
νȻǰʮĸˣȽŻֻǱΪµĺۼѾ޷Сֱˡ
ֻǣȻ׵䣬νڵʣȴһ㶼ήң
߲죬˵ĲȻ̫࣡ǱͬˣӦýнɡ
ǣûκвͷģһֱûͣ
νͺͼϽڣܹڻ᳡Ѿûˣ˵ڿˣ
Ҫֻ֪Ҫ˵һΣǽڣҲҪķһģ
ǳϱһpptһӪߵﶼ˵һġԵڲһ
˰ֶӣνڲվ˽̨ϣȻԼPPTĻͲԺʡ
Ȼ죬ǳ𾴵صȴ˵ʱ
ͬʱ̨µҲͣ
νڲŻûʲô׻ֱ⣺ȣҿʼ֮ǰǿһһƬӡԼҽԺӰƶƬӵһ档
νƬӺͼ鱨浥˳ƬӣλѰɣ
һϥؽڹԹؽ4ڵı֡ҪٴиԤġ
Ǻãһ䱨Ľ
νؽ٣дǣϥؽڹԹؽףٴ
ı䡣
νӫһһѱĽ֮󣬾͵ƬӶѾֵزֻǿǹԹؽףٴ˵棬пŶ𣿡
ѾһIVĹԹؽס
·Ĺı䡣һϸô˵ģؽڼ϶ԡ
ԣխ
ؽ٣׸γɡ
ɽڿЩ󣬾ֱӵֹؽڼ϶ûˣؽڼ϶УѾй׸ˣܽխ׸γɣ
ʾʲô
ʾƬñ濴ġ
Ƶֻǲοȫ
Ҳǹǿҽһļܡ
ǿƵƬ򵥣Ҳš
Ӵˣ˵һ۾ˣǣǲҪˣҪ֪ƬҪʮϸġ
ɿѭġ
棬Ҿ͸λƬӺͲλ㱨һ¡
νһ˵ĿɲֱǰԼҽԺƵҽȫˣ
ֱ˵ƵƬ棬Բȥ
ȻƫȫǵרҵԵĻ治ȥѧġ
Ȼǿҽѧôרҵ
˲ûжνڱʾУҲûкͬǶνڽģԼҪƬһ㣬ǼΪͬġ
νΪЩأϾĳϣվԼҽԺ̨ģ治࣬һ㶼໥ţ໥
ȻҲǴַ䱨浥ӹһˡ
棬Ǻ˼ġ
ƣƬԷģƬĴˣû£
ֻҪһ仰רҵˣῴרƵƬ
ǣơڿƵרƿңҪϻƴˡ
ûطȥԹˡ

νڽŷų˵һƬӣԱ߻עصĲʷʷɼҲΪϸͱ׼ʾţһˣǺͽġ
ʷԣŹؽʹ20꣬Źؽǰѹʹ4ԡ
ĳϣʼһ
νھôҶ˲ʷƬӺ󣬾ʵûܹ˵һ£Ƭӣʲôϣ
Ͼ˾ˣ
ԱѻͲ˹ȥ
Źؽװɡ
νЦЦûйͣȻ˵ڶţͬһƬӡ
Ȼǲʷ
ŮԣŹؽʹ10꣬Źؽںѹʹ4ԡ
ţνʣ
֪Ƭӣʲô𣿡
ôһ£ֳ󲿷ˣ̴
üͷһ
׷װȻһƬӣǾһӡ
Ӧ˵ܱνڴƬӣԲôÿġ
ƬӣǹƽƬԿŹؽڴİߣɵȸı䡣
͹ɵϣڹǿǸͲֵӵģҲһЩϵҽԺ˵ġ
ˣ˭ɣ
ҪĲƾˡ
ĹǿֻҪǼȹɣǲҪҩﴦġ
Ϊˣܶﶼͬʱһ뷨νĪһģһĲŶ
ϣԼģͷ񶨵ԼոЦ뷨
ô£ֻҪǸˣͲονڣ
Ȼ֪˲࣬˾֡
ȴǳѧˣʡƬᣬģ־ģڼΪ»£ǲŻ졣
Ǳʡˣ̨Ϊʡҽʶ߸ֵףȻʶ
ҽԺѾ˴ˣ빤ԱѻͲڡ
νڣƬӣӦŹؽDDHɹͷ
νϣֱӰPPT˹ȥƺͲ׷еĶԴ
˵š
ʷġ
Ůԣ˫Źؽʹ8꣬2꣬˫ŹؽǰѹʹмЪУ׵CTMR쳣
Ƭӿ͵һżһģһ
ٿˣνںͰ׵ʵ
ǣ⣬ȴһ㶼Ͱס
ʱ򣬾ףڣãǰƬӵϣƺûô׼ȷˡ
ЪУһԴԺѪԴԡУԴԣֳַ˼ͺ׵խ͡
Ƭӣ
ôȽϺˣ
˵ףڵˮƽУҪνڣ˵ǰϣţ治ôǡ
£ûپˣ¼ͳѧˣ˼ؿpptͻǰƬӵݣϸ
νڿû˻شǼŵ˵ppt
ȻһƽƬ
ʷ
ŮԣŹؽʹ1꣬ŹؽΧѹʹ4
ʷ˳ѪʵҼ飬ûκĵط
ңƬӿҲûκԵĵ㡣
ʱ̨µܳɣҲüͷ
㿴аӣһֻȻô㵸У
νڲνڰһǷŴеģɲЦģ
ܳԱߵƣһֱܳɵı飬ܳɵɫб仯֮󣬲ʵ
Ƭӣ㿼ʲô


һٰʮ Ҫܣ
ŹؽڸȾܳƫͷ˵
ٿһνڷƬӣûֱ׷ԭʵ
ǰЩأοǣ׷һƽƬľԭ򣬱ͲνڰһƽƬóҪĿġ
ܳɵļûйĿ֮ǰƽƬԺܳҲ޷ȫȷ𰸣͵
һӦŹؽڽˣڶžǸ˵һDDHɹͷ
ţһῼ˫ŹؽڻĤס
ƽƬҪǻĤףüͷһ塣
֮ܳɣʵ֮˴𰸳ģֻ޷ȷҲνóƬӺ˼Աܳ̽һ¡
ȿӡ֤ԼϵĲ²⣬ֿԶܳɽнѧ
ǣڵƽƬʱƿǵ˫ŹؽڹԹؽף
ƺеˡ
ֻǣƸܳɵʾ΢һ˼ϾͻȻ
ЦЦصСӣ˶νڴȥˣ㻹ڿվأ
νڴȻǹؽƵĲҶŹؽڵġ
ŹؽڽˡŹؽڹԹؽסŹؽڷɹͷȱѪԻŹؽڸȾ
ĸŹؽڵļϲҪϣҪܶศֶΣȷ
ǶһҽԣڶĹؽҽŹؽڽˡԹؽס͸Ⱦ֮䣬вͬģͳϢٵƽƬС
ܹͨȷǹ
ֻǰҪͨƽƬĤףܳɵ˼άҲġ
ܳʦŹؽڻĤףһʱָҿİǻһϵġ
ͷܵĩʱҲǺܾöûˣҵʱܳҲǵһƾͶܳɲ˽Ĳ˽⡣
ǣһǣƲǱܳģ
ظѧ֪ʶ㣬лĤ׵ƽƬƬֻǿԼûʱܳӵеȼܣߴ50
ν֪ʶΪḻЩ֪ʶṹĵû⣬ſЩһĶ
Ǻ˴ŰĤں˴ϵ󣬺ͨXƽƬϵȫһġƷǳܳɵ츳ֻǰܳɵǫȽϲġ
ǿˣǵҸȻĿǰѧƵһֹʶҪȥ
Ҫ֪ƽĽϸӣܻവĹУԼԼˣͲȥѧϰˣҲȥˡ
û˾𣿡
νڿһȦȻûپˣҲΪԼƽƬЧ
ȻνҲ֪ϺͿϿûǹƿˣҲ˵ơ
ܳɣֻشⰡ
ܳɸϽӣ΢ʦڣ
ܳ͵һ飬ͷڵ˹
ЦƽڿϺʱһֿɽĸоսսȻϺελãܳɿϺе
˵ϺһڰҽԺĻôԶֵʱ򣬸ô˻ˡĿǰʡƵִţߡ
ҲϴѧҽԺһҽԺĴƵβڶѣĴΣԺ΢˵˼
νڣƵĽܣĿǰϴѧҽԺԺڵʦү
ںٽһ
ƽڣҲνڱϹϾģȥش⣿
˰ɣĲ߯˵㡣
ʦشɡ֣ܳͷ
̾һʲô֪˵˵ȻϽܼסһӵġ
ܳɻǲҳͷҪϰߣڿﶼûϹΣķͷںȥͷܳĲԸ⡣
ͨģ⸱ӵ֪ܳˣҪһѧƵķչжôĲס
Ȼ˵ܳĿǰõļܣվʱ㣬ٹ˼ʮ꣬Щܵ컨Ϳܻᱻ¶ˡ
Լģ⸱ڣܹ˽ݾˣʵʵڵͨԼŬ츳
ܳɿվش⣬ҲܿĿüŪⲢܳɵı⡣
ܳɴͷû˵

νڼû˾ֺҲͲٶ˷ʱˣڽԻ
ƽƬгĵһƽƬʮƵġȴҲֻƣһ˵ͬһƽƬ
ԿƽƬзΧΪ㷺ǿҲԽз󣡡
ֽϹ㷶Χķ󣬻ϻῼǵؽǻĸȾֻǵֻȾһǻǲ̫ġ
ʱǿͨһЩأһһϸֱ档
ν˵ţְƽƬĵ˵һƽƬϣոյһʷųһʱ䣡
ŹؽΧûκѹʹ֢״˵ǵĹؽǻڵĹؽ棬ûʴرأܻûϮʹ㡣
һƬӣͬԿ㷺ǿĲʷȴжʮ꣡
ν˵ţָ
ʮ꣬û֣˲ӲûͨŹؽڸȾĸȡ֢״ܷȾˡ
ȸȾôֻȾˡ
ȸȾǸȾдͳĸȾ֢״Ⱦȴһû̫֢״ͱӡ
ԸȾܹʮŷصģǾҪǣˣǲǽˡ
ؽǻĽˣͨѪҺȫס˾忹ԭȵĳѪ⣬ǿܼⲻġ
ҲӦĵ֢״ֻܹȷ
ôͨƬӣҪôȥˣ
ֻͨʷбˡ
νһ˵ţһ߷˵ͼƬһǸشϵˣǸ
ҽƬʱ򣬲ҪƽƬҲҪͬʱҪǵߵĲʷ̺ʹС
ŹؽڹԹؽ׵Ļʹ20꣡
йؽڼ϶𣿿ǿƬӣ϶ֻ΢խԿһЩСĳնҪȾķǣǲ
ԵһƽƬҲԳؿΪŹؽڽ뻯ŧŹؽס
ʹˣνšһ㣬ѽؽͨȾļ˵ˡνҲûͣǼ˵ڶź͵ƽƬ
ٿڶƬӡƬӣǽƬ棬ÿһˣŹؽڷɹͷӦǹؽҽرĻ
ȿԿŹؽڵCEǣ˷Χ֮ģͬʱҲܹɹͷϵĹʲȣоֲΪĽͣݵĿԴһЩ
ƬǾͲ˰ῴӦúúûؼҿһǸһӵĹؽƣѽؽƵŸˣǾЦˣ
ƬӣǷǳ˼һƽƬ˰
ӦҪǵߵļЪС
ԴѪ⣬ǻҪǵǹǿƱļ
ŹؽڻĤס
Źؽǰѹʹ8꣬꣬ǲܹؽڼ϶խ͹׸γɣǿԿؽڼ϶ڣֲӰܶߡ
Źؽѹ񾭵µףʱųȻĤ׽Ϊͬʱǵ
νڵһǳķֱӮһ󲨵
νڰյĴ𰸸˳ֺܳһۣ㿴ֻش⣬ֲң¸ʲô˵ǶԵġ
ѵһӾͲվȥͳϴûеĻѧϰأ
ܳɵʱ
̨ϵνڵĽΣҲˡ
ͱͲСˣҪ׼̫ݡ
Ϊջ°볡ͷνѾͷǺܶ˶ټͷĲ
ͬʱڳһܹϸϸҲֻνһһӵľΪ
ܹšÿһּǳؽرӲļ򵥶
ǸĽڣԼ֪ϣ޷еļϣҪʵҵļ飬ĳûôǿˡ
ʦͨͨΣõ𣿡ܳҲƵ˼ά֡
һ̨ܳɿԺԥȥһ̨ް
ܳɵһβμѧ飬ԭͳû꣬⣬شĻǻ˵ģΪܳɾԼʳ⣬ʱûܻش𣬸û᳡Ȼ崻ˡ
Ƕ಻ð
ңĽߣܳ޶ëĶôȥԷأͲöǶི˽źãһЩ׵ĲҲǼõİ
ңƶʱһֺɸֵı顣
꣬ʦȥ̨ϽΣͳȥˣû
ʱϲܳأ
ҪԼ
ô˵ûƱȥĻ᳡ΣԼȥ׼̫ĶΪ̣ѧôģ
ܳأҲʵƫƫһưƵġ
С˿ûķ緶Ҳһ⡣
ܳ죬
ƾҲ̾һĵҲûܳҩɾȣֻǾܳɵǣ౻ĥƽˣͣͻῼ̫顣
ܳɴ˿׵úܣʲô˵ʲô˵
Ȼ˵֮ǰͬĽ֮䣬ǳ¡
Щ˶ʲô˰
Լ˭ͨĹ࣬ûʦûס
Ҫǳ鷳վһˣ̶ˣҶ˵Щʲô
ҡ
Ʋһʦſһַıꡣ

ĳ½ַ׷׽һʡؼҽԺĽ߷ǽĲ֮󰡡°볡ĵһڣڽ
Ъ֮ׯڣϴѧҽԺؽƵΣҲϯ̨ϣΪ˴ϯ
ڶڵĻ㿪ʼ
ׯΪǿ
ӭλͬλרңλڣλʦٴǹؽƵĻ᳡
ҪǴǣʡҽԺǿƵĽڣʡǿίԱίԱӣڡҲʡǿƴͥĶרңһӭ
ܳׯڵĻؿļֶʵֻǸڣдô˶дģׯģǽڡ
ⲻ֪ׯڵĿأǱ⡣
ʱֿʼӻصˣ
һΣдϣ
ʲôϣܳЩ档
ֻܿžͺˡƾȻ˹ӣ
ܳ۾ֻʡҽԺĸߣȴׯ˵дϣƺŵЩ̫Ծ
ѵׯںͶӽ֮䣬ʲôԹɰ
ûȥϸ˼
ӿٵ̨ϣ˵Уһ
ллλллλʦ
źӼΪ̸´ٴ¡
죬λרҴǴģǳɹĲϿεġ
ҽȴ鷳λʦġҪҽһʧܰʵ޼ƿʩˣλ̵ġ
ҿȽϺðɣ컹нʡҽƴѧׯܽڣҲֳׯܽؽڸȾĴãǴ󿧣˵ܹΪѡҴؽڸȾйء
ϣׯܹ֮ԡ
ţӾʹppt
̨£ׯܽڸֶѵ˿һʱս׼ļơ
Ļ᳡ͷһٲ΢˳
ʱӦĻǾͽвӣȻɰׯҲ棬Ҳ˼ʧܵĲ
ʲôѽ
ʷŮԣ58꣬ϥؽʹ10꣬ꡣ
XʾϥؽڹԹؽ4ڡ
ӵҲˣʵӣߵһԺǶ˳ǰ飬⡣
ˣȫϥؽڱû
3죬ߵ˿ڿʼҺ壬Ѫ
ڷҺĵ죬Һͨϸŧϸϸ
󳣹ӳʹʱ죬ٴȡҺͼ죬ָꡣ
ʾָȻϸ
ǣʱ򣬻ߵҺûм٣
һƬ¼ǴҺͼƬɴ޵涼Ⱦ˰ɫ
ǿǣߵBMI=27.5΢ʣп֬Һ
죬ҺδֹסԽ˵һε崴ϡ
ӽڴˣַųһƬ˽⣺
ͨͼƬǿԿǰҰдǡɫҺ塣
Уȡ˹ؽҺϸΪԣ崴Ǿͽ˳
һ崴󣬻ߵҺʧ崴15죬߳Ժ
ǣĵ3£ߵϥؽڳͣƤߣԡȡؽҺϸʾǽɫȾ
̽˹ؽǻϥؽڱûĵƬùܣùҺϴϸԡ
ٴκתԺ
ӽ˵⣬εطһͼƬһ£º󣬻ٴͬͺƤߵ֢״Ժ
һΰٳȡؽҺĹУʾ˸˾Ⱦ
عǰ漸εǰ鼰δ˸˾ʵҼ鼰ȫ׵ȼ飬Ϊԡ
ʱΪ˱˻߱˵ͬ⣬˹ؽںϡ
˵ֱ˽̨ܣ˵Ļ֫ؽڴƤߡ
ٴθȾɡ
ԽŽᣬһׯܽڣĴУǷв֮ׯܲߴͽ̡
Ӷѻ˵ֵزׯܽȻڶ˵˸˾ʱ򣬾£ӣ䲻Ըۏ˺ѲĻˮӶָˡ
Ҳֻվ
ͨеĲʾһʱҺϸڶΣнϾΣֱ˽˸˾
ٴϣ൱ģԼҲδ
һ㣬ͨĸȾȾתġĸȾһ㶼ǳڵġ
ǰεǰУ˸˾ԣЩ̫ýˡڲѾ˹ؽںϣߣҲû̫ȽϺõĽˣ
ؽںϵĲˣ񶼺ˡ
ׯܽȻǸؽڸȾģҲֻǵĹؽڸȾ֣һɫһ˸˾ģ
Ⱦܲרҵһ㣿ܲרһ㣬Ҫȥģ
ؽںϣʵؽڸȾ˵ĹޣЩˡɶںϣҲ֪ôȥŪ
ްɣϸֿˣԲ˲ơں˰ɣ˵Ĺؽڻʧˣȵؽˡ
ׯܾͲö˵ʲôˣֲɡ
ûеõʲôõĴ𸴣ӻǸлص˵ͷллׯڵĽ󣬻ˣһʼʹԵĽ˸˾ĸȾֻⲻ˵ǡ
Ϊʲôֽ˸˾⡣
˵꣬׼ص̨м䡣
Ϊ֮ǰڻظׯܽڵĻʱΪ˱ʾ𾴣߳˽̨ӵġ
ʱϴѧҽԺףںȻԼ
ԼǲУԾ֮󣬾ֱʵ
ڣ⣬ܷܲѯһ£
ףڻȽϿ
ɫ䣬֣˵
һڵһη˽ɫΪʲôѡؽڷޣ
ڶ⣬˽˸˾ΪʲôҪֱؽںϣѡȥһڹؽͶڵû
ؽںϣ൱ûʧȥȫĻƸȾԻߵӰ֮ƺЩ̫ԵȰ
š
ؽںϵĿΪ˿ƸȾȴʧȥеĻȣòʧ
ܳɶʱɫһףʵ⣬ʵе˰
ңܳɾͷ֣ʳ̶ֱֳ۾һҲǿϷ˸߳һأܳ˵
ʼˣ
⣬Ǳ֮ǰׯܡѧ˵⣬ø׺ݺֱˣֱ൱ڵֱˡԶȥΪʲôҪôˡ
룬еĵҲȽ
ʡҽԴ͵λһ飬ϴѧռģҽԺͷǿ϶ȥܰϣܹơ¢ϵλ
ʡҽԺΪϴѧҽԺ֮Ĵ硣ͷܣô
ֹһεڸϣʼ硣
ȻûȴԼ絽ĺλ֮䣡
ϴѧҽԺӦʡһ˽˴ԣʡҽԺҽԺҪˡǿģ
Ҫңܲô
ϴѧҽԺĽںͶҽԺĽʱȲһ¶ģⲿȥһ˭Ǵ⡣
ڵףôһʣҲͨˡ

ʼ
Ӵȷʵɵء
۵Ҳף˵
Ҫؽڷ޵ʱ
ؽںϵʱȴˡ
ĳⲻҿô
˵Ŀ⣬ۼ˶ϡ
ȴû̫Ĳڣɫֻ΢һһ
˵ллףڵʰ
⣬ҶȲн͡
ףڼȥ
һûꡣ
⻰һ̨¼˶ܹóΣЩ̫ףǣ㵹ǻش𰡣ʲô˼
ЩΣʲôã
صס
Ҫػʲô
У¨ӵ׶೤ûꣿ
ֻֻ˹ػ˺
ڵڶϾǾͰݲħ
Ժʿ˻
ʱԺʿĽǣֱӸƬýйؽڷޡ
ң˵Ժ˸˾Ժʿǣ˿ܴڶ෢ȾйؽںϣȽйؽڷ޸ӰȫӾЧԲǸġ
벡˹ͨãղ˾ҽԺ˹ؽںϡ
⻰һ˵Ͷ΢ſ
ȻֱӰѱ۽ڶϵĿ⣬תףףɽϡ
£ôе˰
ףɽʱʳ⣬ֱһӴ̵Ժʿȥˣһаĵ֡
ӣŶʡҽԺˣ
ֱ𰡣֮ǰôòЩתȥׯܽ⴦ûëⲻǹףɽ
Ȼ
̰רŰһӣרŵ
ǱĿģϴѧˡ
ʡҽԺĸҽԺһϵͳʡϵͳҽƻ
һĦ
һҽԺҽԺٿҵˣͬʱһ᳡ͬһƵۣϵͳ֮ġ
ȻǶڣǶĻ
˵ᵽһᵽˣһҲ϶ǻ
ͬģˣʡһҽԺֱʡĲΡ

ǶǾǽˣǾ˲
ûоôͲ⶷ùˡ
Ȼ֪һ㣬ʱ򣬸ҽԺڿӣҲ൱ģңӻ漰һλԺʿ
ǱУԺʿô˽˵ˣܻûʲô¡
ǱѧУԺʿҪǸòãǻӰѧУ֮Ĺϵˡ
ԺʿڻѧѧѧѧԺѧȻǱõġ
ֻףڿŻõƬɫ΢رһ£
ڣֻǾ¡
ΪǰָϣĿǰеٴͳѧ֤ݣؽûȹؽںϣҪڹؽڸȾĲˣǹؽڽˣҲ⡣
ԺʿĽԺʿ˵뷨
㻹ûشҵ⡣
ףڵȻʮ㡣
ʵϣ油ĻѾЩԻ⵱ǰ˵ˡ
Ȼܹӳ˵ıУĳǶףɽش𣬲⡣
ȻȻɵػش棬شףڡ
һ֮ǰҲ˵ˣڹؽں֮ǰѾͲ˼ֲصķպͲ֢˼Լѡ˹ؽںϡ
ڶǻҪǵѾ˶˼ͥľó޵ġǰ£벡˻ѡؽں϶һݣǿġ
ԣǾôˡ
ֲֻԺʿ飬ֻǴӲش𣬿Ǹףɽӡ
ʵֻǲ뱳һԺʿģ۸˵
㣬ʵѾôˣ˺ԭ
ʱףɽֱӳһưͿ
ŸͣסȻҲ
ҽԺνڣ˽εģڣϴѧҽԺϽʦ
ǽߣһֱֻΪߣʱ
νû֣ǲþ֣Ϊνףڵʦү
һҽԺģǻƣҶóǾһڣǿһ֮ô
ףһתƻĻᣬ̵ڣ뽲
վӹǣν΢ҪӲЩҲһЩ
ȣҲʵġ
ڶʲôרҲãʲôԺʿҲãҲҪֵ֤ݣܹ
ܷʲôؽͷޣõѡ񣬾ԺʿվǰҲ
Ȼˣ⣬ʱһ䣡Ժʿ֮ô飬϶֪ǲ֪ˡ
˵꣬ȥ
⻰ֱֳȸ
˵һ棬νھרҵĴ󿧵Ļ
ôѧרҵ򣬾ǣʡܳģȫصġӽԺʿõġ
ǣӽǽӽ
ڣǺлԺʿΪһˣǣȴΪһЩԭֻԺʿ
ǽԺʿҲ൱Ƕרҵ׺ѧ׵𾴡
ֻܿЦ
ЩСǰã˵ھ˵ôһ˵ԺʿˣԺʿȥ˵ʲô
ϾϽǾصĻ˵ģǶԵġ
ңڻǹؽںϺпܸˡ
ӵα飬Ҳ뷨
ⲻ˸ӸׯȥֱӾͱһѸеĻ𶼸ϣò˵ıǰôﶼ̤ʵ
ûģֻ۸˶ѡ
ȻЩҲǣӶ˵ġ
ףɽһٺңϽѻ˹ȥллڽ󡣡
棬ǻǼ飬߰ɣҪ⣬Ҳ΢һȵȶڰѲʼȽ
ֻǣףɽô˵ʱ򣬺ȻͿ̨£ͬʱվ
ȻƽǶѾ׼ҪͲˡ
Ҳףɽ˵ҪӰѲ꣬Żȥ
ƽȻȥףɽĻе㲻̫
ƽ˭
һγԺʿĴӣһĺͽԼոĴ̣ոϽ˵ִ󻰣᲻飿
ףɽ˿ӣĿʼܶ
ӵǲǰ͵֪ƽڻɳУ
ǰ֪Ƶʵݣ
°볡ڶڻ飬²β

ܳɿ£΢΢ΪûƵıʽ
Ҫɴ


һٰʮ Сճ
ܳʵƴ˿̵顣
֮ǰĽ߽εĹУȻҲп²ۣԼ˽ֹʲôʴۻڣһζû
˵ĻܳڸڵҲйֵġ
ǣÿ˶ÿ˹̶Ȧӡ
ܳԼĿǰȦӾڰҽԺҲǲ̶ơϾôˡ
ȻԼȦƣƵȦӣȴԼǲ̫ͬġ
ħо飬Ѿ֪ʡҲв¡
ǰûʶϴѧҽԺϳƣʡĻôϢ϶ᵱڡ
ֻ֪γڵѧ£ʡҽԺĶӽڣΪʲôҪǣ浽εѧҲ֪ƴ˿룡
ܳ͵͵ƳƣҪЩʲôʱ
˴ǰŵλվһضֻڿһʹҴҵشȺУߵԱߵֱ󷽶
һߵʱһ߻߶ţڶţֱһ
ôŵʱܳҲ˵Ķͫеɫһˣں
ľɫС
ںǰͬѧҲǰϵˣΪǿеʱ򣬳ɼãĿԺУõˣû֮һһ죬Ҳû˱ȶںúõġ
Ϳħ󣬵ڵڼҽԺܳɲ̫
ںеȣ֣һڿ۾̴ͷƤԺڡ
˽֣ܳɨһۣȻҲϳԼͬѧҲܳɣֻ˵ܳûϣûٿͲˡ
עͬѧ֮ǰģ̵ʱ̵
˿ɶģֻǶܳ΢˵ͷǿƵʦƽʦѧ
ҽжں
˵⻰ʱԻЩš
ħԺƽѧȻ˵Ƶ飬𱲷֣ʦ塣
ƽ֮μʡᣬͺйأʡˣƽŰϣûдʿʦֵġ
о棬Ŀǰڶѧʦ֣
˶ںԱԼݣأţ֮ǰʦ˵ĶںŶ
ţʦں״Ҫ
пλ֮ǰ߮λûţܳɵֱߣܳɼںҪŲһλá
ںԶܳɵͷлȴδɣºѹ˵ʦոʦ˵㣬˵Ҫ顣
Ƶͷƫöں
˵֪ƽҲʱ绰̫ãƽԼͬʱվ߳ȥ飬϶ᱻ
ʦʦ˵һӦòǹʦģϣȻʦҪˣ⡣ںϹϾתƽĻ
ΪħԺоȻμ˴Сѧ鲻ڶʮΣѧ飬ֺܶѧˣ
ụ飬ʾͬλĵ̣ȻֱӴɱ䣬Ҳʲô档
ңں˵һЩܸƴĻǣ֮ǰڽƽڵʱ򣬲ûпǿƽγԺʿѧǺγһŶӵ¡
ǿγԺʿͻԵƽһǴֻʦܵڵλúǿʦıʵϲˣƽڵҲǷǳڵġ
һһˣĹעСܹпк˼ͬϵͲˣôȥͬ˵ѧ˭
֮ǰ˵Ļһ־γԭɣʢֱӿ
ƽԿƨɻħȻǽڣȻγɽҲˡѾҪʡȦ죬ϵˣƸ粽У
֮ǰƵͲһ㣬ȻֻҽԺıԵǻ
ԭƽԼѧںƣƲҪڵġ
Ҫվģ棬˵γԭ򶼲ֻڵĻҲΪͽˣ
ԣһ˵õģ֪ˣˡС
ں֣ͷ಻࣬ʦ
Ŭظʾã¶ֿЦ⡣֪ԼϲʿûʿԶˣ˱УɽϴѧطĲʿ㣬ֻĿǰûܹͲʿʦȡϵ
ʿͿλԶԶоͣļ٣
ǹģԺ˵ûҪʡϼƽ붭ںҸõĹ˵ûҪʦ΢æ˵»źá
ںʵʶƵ뷨ˣֻûѣ
Ʊûػֻ۹۱Ǳǹۿڣڹġ
ֻô档
ں⣬תͷܳ˵ܳɸ磬ðþò
ܳɸа
ںʶܳɵģ֮ʶܳɣΪܳɵĳɼãǶں˵ܳɾȥְִҿƣʵҲǸСţˡ
οܳƽﻹǱȽϴ󷽣Ϊ͵ģںȻԼĳɼã΢е԰
ʵ뷨࣬Ҳ־
ûϣͿ˹࣬ڰҽԺࡣڸʦܳҲûԼ˼оû飬ֲǹʵ顣
ں˵ͷΪźؿһۣȻǻǿϧˣȹҲõġڶ֪ܲ׼ʱҵҵ֮󣬻ùࡣ
ںĳɼȻħ󣬵ûܿרҵоǱѧо
ںʱǺʧģԶҲû
翪Цˣ꼶ĵһôܱҵˣ֪ܳں϶Цܱϲҵ
ܳɸ磬㻹ǽҶںɣж̫ϰˡںæܳɳƺ⡣
Ȼ󣬶ںֺܳһͽʸˣ˫ۻżܳڼǱʼǵıʼǱǻ
ںߺƲſ˵ˣܳЩĽı飺еĽ𣿡
ҪҪҸܸʦڣֻҪܹħĸߣ㡣
Ƽͬħһؿʼƺջܳ
ܳΣûæžܾ˵ʦһɡܹѧͺˡ
ô˵ȴǣŰ
ǰһΣħǸͬѧȻǶں
ںʦƽǴģĹУ

̾һôоҪоƻüʮ꣬ʮ󰡣Ǿ͸ֲҿ
ĿǰоʦͲʿʦ˶ʿоѧʱƣЩ꣬оƣܹһù
ڣҽѧҵûвʿʡеҽԺ
Ǵоˣûʿˡ
ôãҲҪȥһʿȫƵģʵڲеĻְҲǿԣְֻĲʿоԶԶȫƵôߡ
Ҳνˡ
ƼעתƵڽεĶܳҲ˵ˡ

Ӽ
ǽݣҼµˣ޷Ǿ˵ζı걾ϣ͵ԺʿڵŶӣҽԶ̵Ƶ
Խ˵Խ˷ܣϾȷףڣ¬ˡ
£ʮ꣬û˸ǣ󣬻ᵽԺʿĶ
ԺʿδػῪڻ
ŭŭұ֤ǿ϶᲻ϲ
ôţӼ̵еʵ
Ϊǵĸԣҽλͬȡģ֪ǷλרҺͽڣܷٸȽϳϿҵĽ飡
˶˷ۡ
飬ƨ
˭˵
ƽء
Ȼҽ飬⣬ȴеġ
磬һˣֱףɽվʵ
ڣܹϸ˵һڻߵһԺ󣬻Һ֮οǵ𣿡
ٴϣ˿ҺټǴҿ϶
˭Ҳܱ֤ԺĹУͲƵϣܹһ㾭顣
⣬Ѿˣˡ
ȫڴҲ֪ǲϣܹ֮ǰĲڹȥ
Ȼţ⣬ͱء
ΪߵĶӣԲʼյȻϤޱȡ
ʼҺʱ򣬺ǵ˿Һ΢Ѫԣ˼죬ͱ˸֬Һ
ڽ崴ϵʱǼƤпǻ崴ϴ
ǰС󶼶Һϸ޾ռҺʡ۵ȣǶϸʵҼûз⣬ƽʱҺһġ
ͨǽ飬ԺҺһҪʮע⣬ҪؿǵΪ˵ԷٴγƵ٩٩̸
ллڡ˵лͷβûԱݡ
ҾףɽҲûе˵ݡ
ڶʴϺǰƽڣ־
ףɽ֮ǰشöҪܵһνڣܲڡһεʴ𻷽ڣƿƽ
ƹҲǻģԣףɽҲֻӲͷƤƽڵ֡
鷳ԱѻͲתƽһ£ӦнҪġףɽ˵š
̨ºƽһŶ˶˷ۣ۴ģ
ǶҲвٵҪʵģֻΪ֮ǰôһҶʶģȻö࿪ˣΪ˸ƽӣͶû֡
һۻֵɣ
ƽõĻͲվ󣬿׵ؿ
ллڰǴôһĲǽôĴþ顣Ŷ֮ԻóôҲǾҵġ
Ȼ׼֣ԲιϽ
ҰĹУһЩû̫׵ĵطϣڿԴͽһ
ʡԹЦ棬Ϊ
γԺʿŶӿƵۣϲƽأ
ʵ֪ƽڻ׼pptҲȥķĲݣǿƽں󰡣רŰĲͳģ
Ӿǹġ
ƽڶ˶٣΢֯һԺ󣬾΢ת
֮ǰϴѧҽԺνڣǰ˵ôһ仰
ƵҽֻƽƬĶһԵı棬ǹǿҽǰѺһصˡ
Ƶı棬ܲţҲ϶ȫţǰɣ
ӵ˵ͷ
ֻɫе㵣Ϊƽ⻰òƲʲôⰡҲƽڸʵĵ㰡
Ϊ͵㣬˶ӵԤϣԶӵе죬ƽڣҲɣ֮ǰںףɽֱӹˣ
ƽڼ˵ͬİĿǲᣬǹؽǻָҵ⣬ǻ
ôʱ򣬵ǰǽ⣬ķգĿҽרأ
ԣԺʿڸԶ̻ʱ򣬶ӽֱŲõģοģֱִеİ
鲻顣ƽ󣬻ôһ䣡
£ٶȰ
Ĭͬǲ㷺ɢš
ٵˣʼ١
ƽڵ⣬Ѿü֣ˣ
ƽȷָˣԺʿģǻ
ֻοİɣɣ㵽ûأǽڰ
ҽֻΨǴӵĻ㵱ʲôڣ
Զ̻ʹˣԺʿûп߱ˣûԽв壬ûв뵽ƾߣҲԲ˲˵еĲ̡
ûЩͲƾνĲͲϣԲ˵Ĳ鷢չĿǰ̶ָƣκҽͰԺʿĻΪʥּˣ
ĻֻҪԶ̵Ļƽ̨ͺ˰ҪôҽԺ
꿽ʡ
ο
οôʵʵʣ
ֱִеĻ
Ƶ̣Ǻİ
ȻƽڵĻɲֻһ˼
֮ǰνڵĻ֮ǰЩҲۿˡ
㲻Ҫҽ͹ǿҽһǿƣ
ȻҲҪûп˵ԺʿͶһ˽ⲡ˵Ĳ飡
ֻǽ˲οͲרŷŵõƬһóǿϽγһѵȥףɽ
ƽԱߣѧʱƤ
һƽڸոʳ⣬ͻ᲻漰ʦԺʿκǵʦҲ⣬мӡ
˼άʵʣ
ǸѧϰҪƷʣ
˭˵԰
ڶͬģ⣬ֱ֮ǰףڵȫһɨգеѹת˶ϣҲתʡҽԺǱߡ
˲䣬ӵĺ󱳱Ǵ󺹣һʱҲʵĻش
ͷϵϸҲʼᣬʼ
Ҳֻʮ룬ͻصллڵ⡣
֮ǰ˵ģǲοԺʿҽ˲Ըǲ˼ļͥԼԤ̶ȣѡؽںϡ
ϣܹͨؽڻȡҽƷõĽʡ
ȻҲ֪Իõƾǣ˫ӮʲôƷʽҽģǲѡ񡣡
һ㣬ڳеͬҲɣ
ش𣬺Ưܺõת˵ע
ҽϣתƵ˲ϣ
ĸҽûⲡ
Щֵģҵʱͳҵʱ䣬Ҫȷá˵Ҵʦˣʲôʱȥʲôʱ԰ȫҿԱ֤󸻴
Ȼʦ类ײ˵ء
ڲΡΡӲͷƤش֮
ƽֵллڵĻشҽ̰һ£ٶһⰡ
ʶڣȻƹУֻǲοĻǲοָϣο˭ķʲôʱָϣʲôʱķ
ƽ˵꣬ѻͲؿ̨ϵĶӣûףɽ򿴣
ƽڵĻȴͬһֱֱںףɽһϴѧҽԺˣ
˵һԺʿĻȵǰ˵ͨʶҪпŶȣ
ǾԲܵģ
ûһԺʿ뷨
Ҳ˻ô˵
ǣôʣȻԺʿû취淴ԭָµĻôǸòοָϣ˭ķ
ָܹӵϥؽڸȾƺãһҪ˵ĻСأ
ٽһһ仰
飬飡
Լȥ
Ҫ֪ӵĽΣʱŶʮӡ
ʮӵķӵĴʱ䡣
ƽվ֮ǰףڵĿԼϽڵİĻɶ˵Ķǻأ
ȣҲʵġ
ڶʲôרҲãʲôԺʿҲãҲҪֵ֤ݣܹ
ܷʲôؽͷޣõѡ񣬾ԺʿվǰҲ
ԣϿƽԺΪѶӣʵǰѴ󵶣ָ˱ĵط
ָɣ᳡˭ᰡ
˭ܲأ
ƽ⣬˼ӣӶûش
Ҳû취ش𣬲ƽĿӭֻӲͷƤ˵ڣ⣬ҵȷû취شΪǰǷеָϣеı׼ԭ򣬶δֵֹȷ涨
ǵ;ǿﾭ˴ۣʱġ
Ҫ˵һָϺԭĻôǸ廯ưɣݲ˵ʱӦ䡣Ͳ֪ʱ򣬻ξ񣿡
Ӱ˻ģҷŹɣ
ƽ˵ллڻش˵һᾡؿǵԺ;ѧأѡؽںϺͽ֫
̣ܲ
ƽڣ˵ȥ
ƽڣ֮ϽںϽڣϽڣһձĸо׷׾ƺҪ׷ŶӼ⡣
ʵϣ˶֪ǵĿģΪ˻ش֮ǰƽڵʡ
ӿ˾Ȼһִٵĸо
磬죬ƽںνǰˣվ˵ϣ˼⣬ҲˣѾеڰóˣı⣬
ƽͬ뷨ģףɽڡ
ҲǿˣԲȥ˶ӵĿ棬һѣڣ
òҲΪˡҲ˿档
ڣһεĶѾûӮҵˣ
ƽӮˣλϽڻƽͱˣҵģǵͣͲٴϻˣֻȶɹ°뱲ӡ
μѧ飬ųӵģġ
Ҳۻࡣ

ǼλϽӮˣҪγԺʿĻϣһԴĻôδز³ȥ˵ºĹǿ߶
ȫͬһԴ
ʱ飬͸ճȻԺܵͣҲųĿܰ
ףɽ˿ΪϯͷƤ΢еˣʵڣ춭ڴĲʮгģΪʱƣҪǰѧ۵飬ŵ°볡һں͵ڶڵĲЪʱ䣿
ȻףɽڴϽȻڼվʹԱҪͲ
ԱҲΣ˿ףɽգҲֻǰѻͲݸڣ
ڽӹ˻Ͳ֮󣬾ֱӿƽڣڣոյ⣬һһЩҪġ
廯ƣҽѧѧƵĹͬ⣬û
ڣҿԴԲѵ˵Ϊָϣٷ֮ǴģûһǶԵģصӦͽ֢ʵҲǴġ
ǲǾܲأ
ʵĲҲᰴսָ̿дôǲǵԵƣǿȡģȷأ
еƣո廯Ļô˵Ȩ棬˭֤
ûһ͹۵׼ҽҽĹУǲʱǴأ
ҽѧķɹ涨ȨΪṩõҽԴõҽƽ顣ҪΪȺڵ֤
ǾͲòο𣿡
ûָͬϣͲòοеָô
ؽڸȾǸӵĸȾҲǹؽںϵľӦô
֪ƽڵĻģԣҲһһ˻
һӾͰѻ˼ߵĲΣûָϣָܲ
鲻飬ǾͲ

Ϸʵʱܳɾע⵽ƴ˿̵üͷ壬ƺŸôظ
Ϊڵ棬˺ܶӣҲ֪ƽע⵽ûС
ΪĵؿƽĶƺǵƽϾ;֣ⰡʵҪ΢ϸ˼һµġ
ı飬ܳɾƵĶԣһ
̴꣬㵵ؿܳɣô˵𣿡
ܳɱ˵ʦҪٲƽϢĻҲûôʵһѣֻȰ鰲İ
ԾֱվȻŻͲĹԱ֡
ǹԱоƣȴҰѻͲݸƣֻƵԱߣףɽȴķԸ
ףɽ˿ͷˣһƽⶭǵĻﵽ˱ը㣬˸ơ
þγѧ㲻УֱԿǴ
˭֪Ҫ˵Щʲô
ǣգףɽͲס˵Ŀӣֻʱ֮ͣǰ˵һ̨ڿε뷨Ȼ˵ҽԺҽ
ףɽ˵ţͿƽ˵˵׼վĶͶȻ
ֻù˻Ͳ֮󣬾Ͳصףڣڣʵոںǰ۵⣬Ҹ˾öƬЩ
ȣǵָҲãԭҲãΪ˱ߵȨͬʱ֤ҽʱȨģ
ⲡĻҾùؽںΪϥؽڻŧԹؽ崴ϥؽڱû֮һѡ񡣡
ظλڶ֪ؽںԹؽڸȾЧǷǳԶ׼ģǾĹؽڸȾʽ
ֻЩΪµĻߵ½ֶӵĺǲ
ɲɷϵǣִҽѧ棬չѸ٣ͺñȣǵĹؽûؽڷѾǷչһոµ򡣡
ʱʵ̸һЩѾǫ̃ΪɣҲǿȡϾЧʵС
ں崴Լʹõ⿹ĸ߶ñȷоáʵݵļֵǲɷϵġ
ȻڵĹɥʧһ˵ľøٵǿɳܵķΧʵҽڰ͹޵£ǾͿԶ辶д
ؽںٶϹؽûǸЩҲһֲѡ޾£йؽûܹؽڹܣҲʲô¡
˵ĹأȻҪء
˵ĸ廯ƷҲҪɣ
ڣڣλأЦǺǵؿλ
˵˼ά飬ԶȰִ󣬱ΪԼҪⲢǵغϡ࣡
У˭û˭ԡ
˳㻹װһƣȫˡ
ƵĻһҪ뷨ʲôйؽںؽٶϹؽûܹؽڹܣҲʲô£
˭
Ȼô룬Ȼҽ˶·ҵôһе·ӣҲòգҪ˵Դ
֮Ҫ۶ԴΪףɽĿˣΪϴѧǰȻҪһ£ȻĻ飬˳ȥ滹ô죿
ףɽʡڵȦﶼû졣
ƽҲƳڵ⣬ҲٶǷǣʡܵģΪ漰ԼʦԼ棬ȷ档
ؽںٹȵؽû˼·һ˻벻Ի·ҲеⰡ
Ϊؽںؽûģࡣ
˲֪ȥ˺٣ܲƽ治ãΪе̽Լʦܵĵϸǰγʱõ
Ҳûӣ͸оס
ףɽƵĻǳһϽ˵ллҽĻشҲллںʦľʣһξʽʽ֮ת
εѧʢ磬ʢ磬ζĻں桭
˵⻰ʱĿɨɨƣﰵģ˵ĻԼˣƱװˡ
ֱܳ
Ⱥпʼɧʼ𣬰ҽԺʲôط
ؽں󣬻Ͳ
ҽ
ƾԱߣܳɼΣѱʼǱµһҳèд˽ߵĿⳡ棬һܳɸĳ嶯
Щʼأ
ôģ
ڳ˶֪ϽںԼʦ֮ⳡܣܳԲģ
һʽΪתվ
ܳȴûע⵽Ƶش˴еƣ֣ȻϽ䣬


һپʮ Ҳϻ
ĽΣͱ˳ࡣ
ҲΪ֮ǰںƽ¼ͬҰҲֳǷǣԣҲٸʲôˡ

ڶһߵļ϶Ʋڳ˿϶ܳɣոΪʲôԼҪҽ
ʵѾд𰸣ֻܳɵʲô뷨
ܳЦЦ˵ʦ˵϶˵ЩҲзЩҼǾ֣Ҫ˵ףҲδػҡ
һڵʦܣҲԺʿѧףڲ᲻
УڵҲһЩȻĻٳȰƫ
֮ԻһᣬҾúͶӽڹʦ֮ǰ߸ҵĿ͹ʵйϵ
ܳɲûнط
Ѿܳɵ˼ˣܳ˵ûվ˵ոⷬʵѡ
ܹܳ뵽һ㣬֤˼Ѿɳ
Ǵɱɱʣ
ӵıĿľΪ˰ˮԶףɽ
ǣ浽ϣΪѧƽںƲܲ棡
ƽʣϥؽںΪϥؽڱûһģ
ϥؽںǰΪȾƵĩʲôĩ
ͺñȣ֫ڴ˶ԣĩʵ޷ת
ϥؽںʧȥϥؽڵлΪۡ
ܳƷʵǽƫˣ
ϥؽںٶϡϥؽڱûӱ˵һִʵ
Ĺ涨ԷƵĿģйӳ۵
ͨΥġ
ϾߣǷĿĵģռչӲҪʺͻѣȫûҪȫֹˡ
أУܳĶϹϥؽڱûȫһˡ
ӳǰ˲¶ʮڼһദһ𣬵ǰȻкܶڽΪȥᣬȥ룬ҲԸȥ
ʵϣҲһһе
һ仰ǿжִֻΪɷҲһִ
ڵı޶Դֻǿȥã
ܳʽ֮ǰϲȥؽں󣬻Ҫٶϥؽûָؽڻȹܵ顣
ΪϥؽںϵµĹؽڽӲʵһϵϥؽڽӲǲһģ
û룬Ȼû
ûȻ
ϥؽں󣬳йԽӲ֯ĽӲνһ⣡
˵˵Ǽ򵥣Ǿ仰ȫΪ˴ƣƵĿΪ˰֮ǰĻϵ˶ѡ
ܳɾ˵ʦҾͻȻ뵽һ㡣
ܳȻ˵֮ǰģĹУƵľ
ڽIIģĹУ֯漰ĹؽڽӲˣȻ١ؽڽӲɷΪԽӲ֯Ӳ֯Ӳܳ뷽跨شˡ
ֻǹԽӲΪΣģĹУҽƾףܽģ˼·ʱܳɲôһ취
ֻûüȥѼģ⵽Ȱ˼·׳ˡ
ƼܳɲԸ˵ҲͲˡ

˵ģ߿⣡
мߣǵ󣬱ǰŵƽ˳Ȼֱ
һĻȻףɽҲˣΪ˿֮ǰᶼ⿪ˣҲûôţֻ̲סƽ࿴˼۶ѡ
ףɽʡҽѧᣬǿƷֻؽƵίһؽƵίڣڵĸһ죬׽ڡ
ףɽһĻֻҽѧĹǿƷֻˣҪȥΪίҪĶʲôԺʿĻôͽٲά衣
˺
򵥵Ǯ棬Ѿףɽ׷ˣ͹СߣŮҲ԰ŵλ׷󣬲ʵֶѡ
ƽڣȻĿǰħԺɽ¶ˮʵΪĿǰľԺкöиţƽڵרҵԲףɽƽڵѧʵųʱ򣬿϶Ҳ˴һġ
ףɽҲ֪ƽˮƽô
ֻ֪ʢ֮ʵѸ
ƽڵ֮ԻûԶԸǻûʱƽڵ棬һɢŹâʱڸ顣
ӡ

ƽȻںƨҲ˹
ںǳأֻǸƽû˵
ƽߵԱߺ˵Сƣȥߣ
ƾվǲ³ƽ⣬ܳɵļʾܳҲҪһȥ
ƤЦظƽһ̣ʦ֣СƣʦܿϾѧԱأ
ƽʵѾˣʶƵʱƲŶʮģʱѾʮˣʱǡСơ
ƽƵ˵ܳѧˣ˲ǿ֤ܳˣ϶Ҳƿصġ
ȻƽֿܳǱ߿ٵذѱʼǱǩֱʶɺˣߡ
ʲôʱѧªϰƽƵ̺һ̡
ƽȥħԺʱγڻһǹƽСǹʮ
ƽ׼ʦУǿι̵ʱγڽˣϿġϰȻƽֱ˽ѵĶ
ƽ;úԩ
Ͼʦʦʱ䳤ˣԵǺġ
ʦ֣֮ѧġƺƽһߣƸæƽӦҲ֮ǰ飬¶Ǹ⡣
ƽ˵ͷ̣ʵá
Ƶʱá
ǰƿܲˡֻƻûиܵŵ֣°ؼǰ¥µİСʱ̣ʲôо
˵ģ̻Ҹǧˮʲôо
ϣԼһӶ𶮡
ƽȥרŵһ֧󣬾ʹܳɡں¥µͣ
ڼ䣬ƽڽӵ˲Լĵ绰ƽһһˡ
һܵ룬רŰŵ磬Ծ֮꣬ҲΪ˴лĵΪʡɫƽɳУԼǵӦþ֮ơ
ɲΪμӻǵμӻ顮á
ƽѳ¼ڵ˵Լ绰ˣʣʦ֣𣿡
ʲôʵģμѧģֲμģûʲô˵ġпһͺˡ
ɳҲôˣʲôóԵģϽóдһ£
ԣһͲţѳˡ
ܿ죬ƾƽһҿũȥ׽ϰ廹ƴкϰ壬룡
ǴԼأҸһϰһʵͽĺӣأЦҲȽϳֿũ֣Ǽ۸ȽϹʵݵģɿԼˣṩԭϣļ۸һġ
ܶũֲȫΪũֵζãָо
ȻԼҵͥԺҲʰúܺãһϧǶ죬ɻпήҶƯҲӦϰ徫ĴˣͬԲзζֱɺٸȥġ
ϰ壬ڣҾͲ׳ˣȥ˰ͳһֻȻ󳴵⣬нɱ⣬Ҳһݡ
رΣУһҪ㡣
Լ˰Ƶ
ϣϰ߻Ҫ׼ЩʳġϰҲܿʵ˵
Ƶǰģڵʱʵĵʮϰû׼ʳģҲ
ʦ֣ȥɣϰ壬ջ൱ԵģǳԵùߵĻӦõȻͲٵľơưѳͣúкƽ
ƽʵǵȻĳҪôȥ
ס޵ģﳵ࣬ϸⰲ˵
ƽˣȵƣ϶˵ȥ

ĸ˽ȥһéݡƵġᡯͲݺ󰡣ܳɺͶںͿʼæŶ˲赹ˮĻ
ûʲôĲ裬ϰͽժɽ裬ζŨеȫ̶ƣҲзζ
ƽƸһڣȻܳɺͶںͰƴľƸ˾¯ϡ
ǿ̾Ƶġ
ȻܳɺͶںŸƽڱ㿴ܳɣʵСܣܲܽһ£֮ǰôǵģѹؽںΪûһתվ뷨ģ
ܳɿ˿ƣƾͺԵذڳһܳɳı飬ڵô룬ô˵ҿ
ںɫĪԿǶʺš
ܳΣֻؽԼġ˼·ƽҲֻƵƵͷδ˵ʲô
Ҳ۾ƺڸܳɵ˼·ߣԱߵĶںоԼ顯һ㣬ȫ֪ܳ˵ЩʲôĻʵֵúܡ
Ҫ֪ؽںؽûһֱеѡ񣬴û˽ϵǲ·ʹ·һ໥ġ
ܳɾý·Ͳ·Ūһ·棬һзˡ
ܳɺܿ˵ˣʦҵ뷨Ҳ֪Բԡ
Ϊƽƽʦ֣ܳɾûиؽƽڡ
ҽѧ򣬽ʦԶԶȽʲôʲôںθУһ㶼Ϥ˲ŻʦҲŻӦ
ܳɱΪƽһЩģû뵽ƽֱ˵СܰʵأҲֹǵһˣҲǵڶΡ
Ȼ㲻죬Ҳ˵̫ķϻҾֱ˰
ʦֱҲ˵ģֱȥÿԡ
ƽ˵⣬ܳ΢ţִϵҲҪĻңʲô࿼ԣĹƻԲҽԺȥȻٻʡԾͿԡ
ĳҰԲ
ʲôоͳأҲòμӣöߵһ
ֻҪشȥȥˣȥǽһĭһӵĶˣҾȥšȥҲ˵ˣԼѡԼ·ҵĻûѡ
ҲϲȦӡƽĻֱӣȫûܳκԥ;ܾĻᡣ
ƽ⻰Ƶɫ΢΢һû뵽ƽȻ˵Ļôƾɶƾոܳɽһϯƽ˵ʦȥƹ
γѾоֻʿģֱȻ˶ʿо޳
ɿƽӣʵû׵Ϊʲô
û׵ΪʲôʱԱߵĶںȴǰƽǰˤˣӺˮ˵ϣͷβˮͬһ˺Զͣé͵صļзͣס
ϵˮտʼӣͬһһճĸ˲ͬɫ
ĴƬƳĿ飬ॵػҡΡ
ƽĻƽ˶ؿ˶ں
ںæ˵ʦҸ̵ˣСġȥϰһ
û̵ɣ
ҲϽվʣʦ֣û°ɣ
ܳǸϽֽʼɾϵˮա
ƽС벽Ȳ濪û̵ѡ
ҡҡͷɫӵؿ˶ں
ں֪ԼոյķӦ̫̫ЩϽͷ˵ȥҪһ꣬ȻҴҵȥˡ


һپʮһ Ľ
߳ȥĶں˿̵Ǹӵġ
ÿоڱҵıԣֻбƱҵʮ֮һң
ȥԣȫѧܼƱҵ820ˣ˶ʿоƻֻ76.25ˣ
ҵ˶ʿ54.36ˡʿƻֻ9.55ˡ
һݡ
ںܹͨıȥħ󣬶˶ʿоԣһԾǨʵԾ
ΪɳҽѧԺ߳ͨѧʿԼѾͬУ˦˺棬ಢ󣬵ǳŵġ
ھΪϿħûܹõ
ʿоһʼһǰͻϵʦȻںƽڵѧƽڻûдӦҪʿо
ԼѧУĲԼʦûӦȥ𴦣ȻҲǺѴɮٵĲʿоһ˵ģںѾҹ
ֻǰöںû뵽ǣԼΪ˦Щˣ˶ʿѧ׶˦ˣȻͻȻһֱQԼǰȥ
ܳɾȻȥֱʿ
òã
ǿ϶ðܱҵģʿҵ֮󣬻ɳй˵ҲǼʮ˲üҷѡҹ˳˳ˮ
ֻͨ˶ʿѧĻЧͻۿˣҲ˵ںıƾͲǺǿֻɳҽѧԺ
ħı˶ɳҲֻڰҽԺ㻹˵ʲôأ
Ƶжǿ
ںθԼʦƽڻɳпʱؾǰ;ãľ
ãԼ˶ʿоʽԺƸ첻ϣҪȥǲġʱ
Լ겻ɵ飬Լͬѧˣ͸ոա
ƽԵܳ˵ҪܳȥһǶƽڵĲʿϣǵƽڵʦܣںʦȥ
ƽƣʦγڣǶںʦ塭
ں˼ΪңϰҪһ֮󣬿ٵѧƽԼȻƵݷ߻ء

ں뿪֮
ƸϽæëƽǰˮܳǸϽͰ߷ţһҿ׼ϰѣûҵˮѾ뵽档
Ʋ֮󣬲ŵʦ֣Сû˵Ҫô
ƽ˵ˣԼҲˣһϣʦնںѧֻҺʦ֮ǰʱûӦ
ںڷܣ츳ʵ΢˵㡣
壿㶡
ѵⶭںǸϵ
վ̨ϵǸԺͲʲôˡƽػӦš
˲ʼգŽǸӰĺԼʦʶģιԼʦó󷨡
ôһ֤˵Ʒģֶƿǲġ
ƽ˵֮ǰоԵʱ򣬶Ӿ˵ϣںܹ飬ֻʦίһȦûҵʵˣҡ
ƽʵƺܳɶǸϽԹԵرͣٶ˵ںˣںĲ롣

ںû߻ʱƵĵ绰
óֻһȻǲ̶ġ
Ϊǿʲô£ʾƽ󣬽ͨ˵绰Σơ
ƵɫʼòĿ⻺سܳɵķת˹ȥ
ͣͷ˵ãúúã֪ˡ
ܿҶ˵绰֮Ʋ˵ʦ֣ǸҺСܻܿҪȥ᳡һ¡Сǻɣ
ô˵ʱŲӣʵϵɫʮΪѡ
ƽһȥ᳡ڴˣڹؽڡȥѣ
ҡͷ˵ģǰ졭
ƾͰ֮ǰɳе˵һ飬¥̮¹ʣţƽõģǼֳ¼δƽ֪ܳɾȻڼֳ˴õġ
ƽ˵ⲻ֮ǰСܾȹһСѣСǽܡһСѧһ׶԰
ȻްԼĴǮˣڰϳＯˡʽ𡯣˵һҲһЩǹвֳȵÿһ
Ϊܳ㣬ר᳡㣬ûҵˣίÿˡ
ⲻ᳡ڸʼĩ֮󣬾ʹ绰˲ǸϹȥСӵһƬֿл⣬ȻﲻأҲеڡ

طҲô򳵡ƶƽ͡
ģûŪ˼
ƽıȴʮָ
ͯͯ棬ӵκ綼ֿҴģǵǲ󣬵⣬ȴκͱȻ
ϽС͹ȥɣҾǡƽϽ˵
˵ʵ飬ûֻ˵Сѵļҽ̹ãҲᡮڡ
˵ʱܳɵ΢΢һ
ĸ֡
εºܰ
ͱƵ֧ˣ߳ȥʱ˵ʦ֣Ͼͻ

ںƺܳ뿪ݣֻΪȥϴּ䣬û⡣
ܿ˳ӵĴźʣʦʦܳǸȥ
ƽͰƵĻظһ顣
ں͸ϽԼرǷԼ˾ر


ƼȫڵļܣΪƵλòģﲻǺܶ࣬Ƕʮӣ͸ϵ˾Ƶꡣ
Ȼܳɵ˺󣬾ͿһԽСѣǵļҳ
ĸ˶ڣС϶һоǵǰ߮ѾˣҲڣǶ˵˵Ż
ԱΧ۵Ⱥ治д᳡רŸֵġ
ܳҲʶܳɵģرǿܳɻǳõ޸Ͻվ֣硣
Ȼǵİǣߵܳǰܳɾһ
ܳæСֻȫһʱ䶼֪˵ʲô
Сֻһһֻǣסܳɵֻ߮Ǳ߱Сܵ߮ǰ󣬱ܺһ䣺壬үүܸˡ
⻰߮ͺΣʵΪ߮ǱܳɻСġ
⻰ܳҲΡ
ԼǸ磬߮壬үү
MBԼ߮Сһȥˡ
ĸĸԸϽȰ˵壬и硣
ɽתһܳɺ󣬺Ϊѵ˵Ǹ簡
ΧЦҲϡ
һεʡǿĵһ°볡ķΧԲ
ûףʽСͻȻֵ⣬᳡ɧңڣҲͬ˵ĸж
ȻҪΪ߮ܳʶ˶ģҲյ
ȻûյСֻ£Ƕҽƴҵļ͹裡
⻷ڽ
Сֻȥͣ˺ܿĵؾ͸ˣߵ󣬿ʳѻɽʡȫɡ
˸ϽҲһȥȴʼҡͷ
Ҳ˸ƱҲеߵҡͷ˵̫ˣ̫˷ˡ
˵ǰӸ˽ȥ
ܳΪ飬ԾͰ߮塯򷢸СֻȥԶˣƺܳ뿪
ھƵ棬̶˿̱ȺΧ
ͣʣΣСܺСǲǶİ
ϵأ֮ǰ㲻СڶԲ˵һȥ𣿡
Σ
̶ȺУöС۾гһߣϵǫţԼģҶ֪ԼڱԵ
Ǳ˵һҪ׽ָӵĺãǺӵļҽ̵õ
һȺͷߣӵĸĸſڲԶϢͨĿȪˮʱҲףޣʵеġ
ǵĸĸûǮûϵֻǼҽ̺

˳ܳɾͰǸװǹиС߽ǣ᲻ô򿪡
ܳڸʻһ߿һʣܳɣôֳͷĿĸоʵûô°ɣ
ܳɵͷů⡣
εºܣ̾ԼΪ
ͯ仰û˵ԼͯԼ˵ͯҲ㣡
ǵģС˲أǾǵǸСӣ˼ء
ܳûоȹǡܳɾȵģǸллλֵܣܳɡ
ӵǳֿģлҲΪΪ˺£ֻΪ˺أ
Ȼ㣬ǿо˼ֵá
ƲĽ˵
һֱôáܳЦЦͰѺҲûʲôطգͷ˺ϡ
ǳʣܳɣкúõؿʦ˵Ļ𣿡
ܳûװɵذЦһգ϶аʦֻǲ֪ôڵĸлźá
ȼ㶫
ֲܳɵ֮ǰ֮ûشΪںķӦ̫ˣʱֹ˻⡣Ϊ᳡⾪ϲûⲻòá
һһصĹаܳˣʲôأ
ôõĻᣬȥĻǾͰϹ˱˵ĺ⣬Ȿܳϣġ
ƽڶ˿ڣÿԣֱֱǻ˵ҪǣǼֱǸҪ
õ˴𰸺ܳɾͿˣƵϣȻŵĽ֮ɫܳһ룬ԼѡҲģΪȥˣǸĸڣԶΡ
һӡ
ƽžͲ˵ˡ

µ˲ݣϰѾˣƽͶںûʼӣֻǰѾװ˾ƣƱҲǸԷˣһС˷
ܳɽǴԼУȻ˵ʦ磬ԿǣǸոҵõСΪ˸лҽԱ͵ģһմմϲ
һʮš
ܳô˵Աߵưжܳ˸Ĵָ
ﰡٺʲˡ
ܳ˵Բƽòãһţ£Žø󡣶ںƣܳɼ˶һųˡ
ǹ⣬ǹԵģֻǰ⵱˹档ʵǲصģֻгˣʵķʽҲСǹΪȥ
ﺬǣȻܳǰ棬˵Сܣ㻹Ÿúллһ´ʦְ
ƺ
ܳɱСܡ
ʦָĳ˴ʦ֣
ܳϻ⣬ٵض˾Ʊʦлл㣬ʦ
Ȼƣ˵ʦһǽʦΪʦɡ
ƽԼѾǲˣȻǴʦ֣ʵѾʮ꣬Ҫܳɽƽʦ֣ʵҲԣغʽ
ɣҲԡƵûо͸ܳɵĳƺ⡣
ƽԣЦûվ־Ʊܳһһ
ܳ˫־ٱ󵹣ƽǵץס˾ƱĽţꡣ
Ȼƽܳɻվţ˵˵£˵
ܳɿһƽߵĶںֶں˿̵ͱ鶼ǿƽ
ȻƽûֱӶܳ˵ǵʦܣܳɵĻϣ¸¾ѧϰ棬ðæһ߰ҽԺߵĳӦʱüɣ
üʣʦ֣COAʱҺܳһ³Ҫ
COAǻǿᣬһʮѮʮ³ʵû졣
ǾԼʱɣֻǾ³ЩҲǰһס޵⡣
ĩѧĩпλˣԼⷿӲСƽֽһȽΪѵ⡣
ȻΪѣʵʡ
ĩһص׺ܶ࣬ǲĩĻҵĴλûסֻб棬ҲŲ
ƾͿܳɣüͷһ塣
ΪħⷿɲˣסĻĴ
ܳɾֱӵͷûµģʦʦԼ飬ԼܰźáֻһǣⲻԣҲߵĻ᲻᣿
Ծ˵֮ǰȥħΪܹһӵģȻʦҲҪӲܹܲҥԡ
Ҳż
ƺƽĽö飬òƶûܳʲôˣƺƽޣƺǰܳɻȥ飬ԤƵġ

ϣܳҲи߷ˡ
Ȼ˵ṩסޣǼ˻ϰһݣĴذѼͻ˾Ƶꡣ
ƽͶںԼķ䣬ܳɺҪ򳵻ȥ
ٺƽͶں˺ƺܳ˳ϣͬʱ˺
ֱʱܳɲҵ˿ʱ䣬˵ʦ֮ǰڼֳʱʦҲȥ顣
ӦˣƵüͷһ壬ƺеΪѡ
ܳҡͷʦֻûܾ
ƵɫһɣûӦʲô˵ģܾˡ
ܳǴӦ˵ĻܳɻҪȥһȦúõؽһ飬ûӦֻûܾûʲôˣ˭ϣԼܶ·
ܶ಩ʿҵʮofferѡһʵģҲ˵ûá
š
˵꣬ƫͷȥˡ
ȻƵС¥µʱѾͷʶ΢еģˡ
һ¥һ˵ŻûСܣŲûGҵļǡ
и
Ϊ֤Լûƻָܳ˺ܶϸڴܳûûƵġ
˵ˣ
û˻˵Լˣ˵ˣ粵֤Լû
ܳɰƲŽ˼ţ룬ûܳġˡȻܳɲŵʦֱȥϢɣԼϴɡ
ȺȿˮȲ˯Ҫȥˮ
ܳæ˵ȥˮʦ
ܳæҴȥôӴһӵˮʱѾǡʶģſ˴ϡ
Сʦʵġ
ܳɵıƵ⻰һ£ͬʱĸӼᶨлʱһҪ磬Ҫ˷ѻᡣ
ƽıԼ̼ˣҲĽˡ
ʵܳеƣתһ룬ƵʸûУƺôɳлзء
أɶûУԾֻܸŬˡ

ܳɾٴ߳СȻ򳵻صԼС¥¡
ܳڽСʱȴͻȻְСſڣһеŮӣСſǻһͷһֻͷ˿ƺǺܾӡ
ܳѾӵ߷۾ȻһѣʱŮӾתͷˣܳɶ档
ŵһȻϽͷ׼ߡ
ֻһأܳҲû׷ֻͷܳҡҡλεͷ˵һܿˡ
ȻתСȥˡ
ȻƵġ
תȥžͿܳɵﰡһǹĴӣװŻСѰԵţǡ
ʦ֣ǺȾȥô
ܳ˽ͻͷſ˰ӦոԼӦûϴˡ
˵ãյ׼һġ
ѵʱܳɿ϶ѡһӺʵͣǽܳеˣҲȻûˡ
ʹ⿪Լǹӡ
ܳ˵Ȼٸɣʦסȥɡ
ŵЩ̱ǵžζӣǲϲƣҲϲζġֻҲûôУϰżҲȫ
ҴҲ١
ܳɾͰ˰˵ԼԻȥԼȥʦá
Ȼ֣ȻҲϰôԶԶذܳĿͽС¥£Կܳɽ˵ݣ˷ţ˳ȥ
ȥģֻҲ£ϻ˸ʦҲȥ
ֻſ·ʱǸܲܿܳסķĵƹ⣬ðһԼ͵ĸоȻСſڵʱ򣬻ܳɷˡ
µݺ󣬿˿ʱ䣬Ű˵һ㣬ôͺȾƻˣܳʲôʱȥȾˣڲμӹǿô
ܺ档
ƺ󣬾ͷְΪ̫æѾ֣ûü绰֪ͨʵֲȥˡ
ԣ˸įԵСʱܻˡ
صңٵϴ裬Ȼһ߷Ĥһĩʱ⣬Ϣһ䣺ʦ֣û°ɣ
ҲûܻܳظôֻһߣȻһ¹ڹǿϢ
ʵҲֻôһѣGȻ󻹾ͷְȥ᳡飬Ƭܳɵģ߮ģٵдգ֡
Ϊûֱᣬһ޴ͷ󣬵ûȥʲôѪף飬С֪ʲô
ֻǻһЩ۲ˣ˵Сѿ϶Ǳŵġ
ۿݺݵص˼ξٱŽ
ȻðԭܳҪţǣΪһ㣬ֻǰûõ֣ⲻֶһɣԼ档
ţԼ˼άеΣգϽ˦ͷȻȥ鷿һš
ȵܳɿϢʱʱѾϵߵ
Ѿˡ
ܳɱҲȥܵģ˯ͷˣϽһȻȥͶϾϣҪ򳵹ȥΪȨΪ£û
ڴ򳵵ļϵ㣬Ͼһδͣʱֻܿٸɵڴĳ֮ǰ˾ȻͰ͸˴룬ʣµľֱӵˡ
ϾϳܳŸظϢû£ллһؼҰ
˯̫ˣ϶ûʱܲˣϴ͵ȥ᳡ˡ
ҲպڳͣȻýȥ鷿·ϣֻ𶯺һ߶Ƭһֻ߰ˡ
лʱôȥšû˵ԼΪ̰͵ʦұȥ顣
ҲллãյһݱȽرʱһΪл񡣡ܳҲԼһɡ
֪ܳ˵ʲôͻأʦ𣿡
ǿԼ㻨ǮŶˡ
ˣҾֻǸ㲻ʲô
ˣʦãʱ䣬һҪһٷʾл⣬¸¿ܾҪȥħҲ֪ʲôʱܻˡ
Ȼллֻܳɿͷϵллˡ
ȥ᳡ˡܳٶ˵һ䣬ͰֻŽڴ
ȻűĿĶϾʣϾҸ˵°
ţܳɸ磬˵ϾĿǱʼǣϱ̶ƣ˶ˡ컹Ҫһ졣
¸Ҫȥħ飬ֱϾ϶ҲûҪ϶ֻһһѡ
ֻҪƺƽﲻӣͲ⡣ӣҲᴵţƣ
Ͼ͵һҪվͷֱײ˳ϡ
ѵһŵóʦ˼ɲͷʣǸĪŶһ
ǴʡˣǱߵĿ
ûû£˼ʦϾæʦǸ
˭ô涼ᱻһΪǲԼĳײˡ
ϾȻʣܳɸ磬˵ļٵģ
϶İƭܳҲûͣһֻͣǰ˵ףõʱϾ־ʲôġ
ϾʱһB˹ı飬ĿɿڴԿ崻··Ƶģ˼άûôˡ
˼ӣϾʣܳɸʲôʱߣ
ȻϾҲпǹܳôȥֱǣϾҲ֪϶СĻġҲǡϵĽݾֶ˭ûôٺô㡣
¸°ɣʲôʱ򣬻֪¸µ³ҾͲڿϰˡ
Ҳϲȷ顣ܳ˻š
㵽ʱҸȨһ°ƾҹǵġ
ãϾͷ
Ȼһ·͵˻᳡
᳡֮ܳɲǿȨŴӣ˻᳡
ſܳɺͶϾ󣬾˵ܳɸ磬Ͼ磬ˣ
ȥˣһ첻ӰܳɿȨʡ
Ҿڻ᳡תתе飬Ѿˣȥĸ᳡Һһ𡣡Ȩصúϣûܳһ
һȥؽڻ᳡ɡ
ȥˡ
ܳɺͶϾֱء
Ȩԥһ󣬺˵һȥ˰ɣʱ䲻ˣܳɸ磬Ȼ㰡
ܳɾֱ¥ȥ

ʲôȨͶϾһ·˻᳡ʱȨĴƤӳĵøӰף¶֮ɫ
ģ·ϣܳɸ׿ڸ˵ġ
ʦҲ˵һιؽڻ᳡ʦʦҲˣǾԺ˾ĽڣԺʿȫ֪ġϾ˵
ͬʱȨô̼ķӦϾȨֱ̫ˡ
Ȩɫ粻
￪ʼniaTM춼θѪˣźòƿϴѧҽԺĿӣģܳɸôȥħˣ
Բۡ
˺Ŀӣֻһ򣬻ûȨ϶ܳȥǱߵĻ㹻ʱ䣬ӦûԴͨʱе̵ȥˡ
ƵʱСţ֮ġ쵼ŸϽĿڽܣ

ܳɼֱҲ̫˰ɣ
̫ˡ
ܳѾˣôȨҲ޿κΣҲֻȼȥҽԺˣٰﻹжϾ̶ڡ
ܳȻˣȨҲ᲻ãܳܵĵط̫ԶˣϣʱڣҲȥϡ
ֻ˵ܳɵġѡһӲӿ̫еķӶ벻
ţȨǧһ̾
ȻŶϾһȥ˲̶ԱߣʼԵߣҪ̶Լݣĳе˾۴̣Խҵ֡
Ͳ̶֪ߣ᲻ǹ˾еܴܲ򿪵һг

ؽƻ᳡ܳԭλ
ܳɽ֮󣬻ʱ򣬾ͿˣƽںٽڹʲôڹͨĹУڲͣܳƳĿ⡣
ǿ϶Լ顣
ǲ֪ЩʲôԶ壬ܳɾֻ÷棬ȻһЦ⳯ԼĶںԼԱߡ
ܳɸ磬ôõʦټİ˵ԺʿΪ㲻ϧȥϵͨİ
ţܳɻתͷɻ
ں͵ܳɸ磬ֱŪֵģ㻹ϵӦֻԺʿȨȥˣͨģвʿʦʸĽڣ϶òġ
ʦ˵ʦ˺ô󹦷򣬲˵ʦүں档
ܳɵжˣƺγô


һپʮ ر
γȻ˵ѾԺʿĿȫľʢ
ҲһЩȽͨѧҪȥˣǲͬʡ
ͺñûееһ
ҪҪõҲǾһġ
Լʦƽԣÿÿ격ʿ˶ʿʱһЩγϤγԺʿϣܹϰõݻѵϡ
ôҲֻùôΡ
һΣйϵˣϺ죬һμ¹СΨһ󱲣ϣܹ̳и׵²Ǵ֮ġ
һڸԵʱֽţʵڿȥ
ҲеΣεΪʲôƽûϸͣԶںҲ֪ԭһǵĴΣʦ˲СĴ۵ģǾʲôںҲ֪
ܳںô˵ɫһݣʣҪѺܴĴ𣿡
üͷʵܳɶԣȥʿؼģҪȥҪƻѺܴʲô֪Ļǲô׵شӦġ
ֻΪƶϾټԼȻ͵õϵͬ⡣
Ͼǰܳɲ̫ףһεѧ飬֪ܳˣȼļܣ治ǴײˣǸ˾ܹӵеġ
һЩؼеҽԺֻ߾ͨļܣҲóġ
ں˵ʵҲ̫ƹء
ܳɸ磬˴ˡ
ں¶Ľ֮ɫ
ʵ˶ʿоѧûֱ˼ȥһˣ治ࡣںʵϾԸӿԼҰҲҹñȽƽ˳
ֻûѣԼоʦӦö˽Ӧ˿
ȻںƽҪյǸͬѧΪķڷģ㣬Էûþ
Լܹȥ˶ʿ˵ŵ
һȵģԽԽ˵γоɣһӾͿˣҲô¡
ʵҲʦ˱ȽϺðɡܳػţȻƻؼ֮ԼĴһĻ
ǿֻǰɵԸת޸Լɡ
ʦҲ
̶̼֣ƣ뷨˼άܾã϶˵Ļġ
ᣬȥѧϰɡ
ںҲûˣ͸ɡ
ܳɵΪʲôƣȥ鶼ѾǶ
ΪǰͬѧԺġʦ塯ǰûٽӴΪ治һûжϵܳѾͬҲԽӴһµġ
ںǲλᣬʵ˻VXѣֻòϵˡ
ܳɸ磬´εħҵ绰ӷϴں֪Լĵ绰롣
ܳɸϽ²˱עֻ˵ҵĵ绰ǰǸûҷ㰡
Ϊ˱ⶭںϵʽΣܳɻǰԼĵ绰뷢˹ȥ
ҪΪһģ棬ܳɷ֣ԼͬѧȻʱѾħ֪ˣԼ֮Ȼܹϥ̸
֤ǿദģûôƣƷУԼһģʱ򣬿
ֻǰһΣԼǵõһģ⾭ܹͶȡɵģҪظȥӶںǺѵġ
ңܳΪѽǣģ棬ںܶ󣬻Ϊħ֪ڡ
ôû㶨أ
о꼶ˣܿҪӭӲʿѧˣѵ棬ں
ܳɵ˼ܶš
ԴӻģܳɾͷԼ˼ά˺ܶ࣬ģ©ĺܶؼϢΪʵĲο㣬ֻյĽá
ΪˣܳɲŻÿһģ֮󣬶ϸȥһģĽ̺͹̵Ρ
Ȼ͵Ļֱģ򿪣ƽȥʲôģ˼·Щ
ǣ˼·֮󣬻Լѧϰʵ·ӣĿ

̨ǰٽںƽڽҪȥǲдĿ׻
ȻػƽڵǸڣǹϣϣڲҪصħȥ
ңٻƽûֵܵź
ƽҪλᣬʱԼݽ飬ʱʵϯˣ֪ƽҪٻԵƽȡϵƽԸԸ⡣
ƽ˵Լ⣬ܾˡ
ƽ͵׽˵Цˣʦǰʦʦڳ֪ƫĺͬʱһվʦһ߾Ҳ˵ҪһӮ
Ҷڻʮ𾴵ģֻѧѣûʲôᡣ
ƽ˵ú̹ףҲﻰ
ͬ໥⣬ǲҪѷŭʵ᳡ҪԺ󣬲ȻĻˣѧˡ
ѧҪָĻôͲѧˣͱϵ£ᣡ
Ȼ󲿷˶ǰѧ鵱λ飬ƽ֪Լô롣
лл׽ڵĴȣΪڻרŸҽ£ҵʱЩģҿڻûȥ΢е˵
֮ǰΪ˱ӣνûڣֻ³Ǳˡ
Ϊ飬һڴδҲ̫ԩЩ
ţòƽг̣ƽʹ󷽷˵׽ڣģǺʦˣȻټһʦܴټˡûԣع֮ͨ󡣡
Һʦһ¾ǳʺǵоŶӣǾԼԸ뷨СӦ
ƽ˵ܳɺһ飬飬ܳɿ϶ֱ˵
ƽÿڣٲദͬʱˣҲᵱ
ٵɫֻ΢䣬͸Ͻ˻Ǿ͹ϲҽټˣһǸ˲š
ʹˡ
ƽѾˣܳѾͬˣֲٵġ
ʲôܳһٻֱȥƳ
˳ˣԼˣҲǽˣȶûУʲôڣ
ѧ飬ÿ껪;ܣҲûѧУʵ¡
ƽ˵׽ڿˣǸˡ׽ڣԺ˵ûҪһʦء
һ㶣ڣ⻰ʲô˼
ƽһ̾˵ʵʦһֱһźûܰꡭ
֮ٵɫ̱úƽʼ̸Цɫ·һʮƵġرƽΪٸƣƸᡣ
ƽһ©ʲô˳üһﰡ൱⣬ظ֤Բҽʦһվ󿴣һھȥϥ̸˼
ƽ飬ϵĳɫʧ
ΰվԼʦܣƽǳõʦܣ߶꣬оǹꡣ
갡
վߵڡ
ֺ̣ܳܶЩĲܼϣڽϧǰ
ϴѧҽԺѡûдʿѧͲʿѧλǻ׼ߣĿǰڶҽԺͱ׼ûд
Ҳûֻȥħ˺ҽԺ޷ʩչŻźƴһӡ
ƻʱˣ˵ֶΣҲǸֲʱˡ
ϲԸҲƲԸ磬ĸѾע޷ġ
ҲǸԸҵġ

ܺõرƽ֮󣬾͵͵ﵽһ¥˵顣
ܳҪ뿪󣬶ʱеʧ
ܳɣ˼ǵһҲΪܳɵķչһõĴʦܳĹ滮
ֻƻ֮еһ֣֮ϲ
ԣȥϴּ䣬һһ󣬲ʵ׽ڣѾûб𣿡
ĺϣܹܳʡġ
Ѿˡٿ˶ֵźҲ֪᲻ܳɣǸ˵棬ֻϣʡĻԽԽãȻĻ־Բ˵ܳ˵顣
ԼĬḬ̆á
Сܵǰ̣ǻǲҪźðȰ˵
ܳɸ˶ԣܹõϵӣķչǰ̣϶ʡҪãʮ˵ϣӦòţƽ̨Ͼһ߾Ͳһ
ֵ˵ͷ˵Сˣҵ֮ǰӦҪΪIIIȨ飬Ϳû̫ʱȥˡ
׿ڴӦ顣
׽ڣ˵ǿ簲ŵһ̨ѧƵɲԸһֽ顣
֮ǰһֱţҪٿ϶Ը㶨ܳɣûôŰţܳõIIȨʱҲã΢һ
ֻܳɾҪߣΪ˱ʳԣҲΪܳ뿪֮ǰ͸һˡ
ѧɲܳ©ܳвüͷ塣
ûʶ̨ܳϵĹ򵽵ôȻֳȵʱּѣǱϾֳֻȡ
ѧɲһ㣬ǳ˲صĻǶľϴѧҽԺɲǿЦİ
־͵׽Էģ˴εĽѧֻǰһ̨III򵥣ϾʱôȻûС˿ɶȻ൱ġ
˵СܳɵҲмӣӦǳ˲صġ
ȻǴʡ߳ȥģҲǴӦ˵飬Ҳʳ԰˵ԺܳɾŻأ
˵
аɣǿƵ飬Լţʱ̨ԣԿŰɣһ⣬Ҳüʱȡٵ˵ͷӦ
飬Ц˶Ҫðյİ
ѧ©СһôЩ쵼㣬ȿϵϣֻܳ
ֵһ仰١
ܳɿ˶ʿζԱˢȥҪܳɶʡʲôĻҲֻЩˣΪܳɾûиоһõķΧ
־ȥˡ
ȻЩģҵ߮ĵ绰˹ȥһ֮ŷ

õ˿ҺҽԺϴϿɣ̾ȥˣÿֵĽӣҺҽĽӡ
Ȼ󣬶ֲŵ̨£ܳɵϼ̶˵¡
̶էһ˶ˣ۾ѿʲôڣںҿЦɣ
ҪܳϽ̨ѧ
ǲ̶ʼδ顣
ʲôѧгĽѧװƵĴʣϴѧҽԺͶҽԺΪװƣ߸ʡݵĶҽԺĽΪװһڡ
ǽѧҲ¶컨ôһʶʲôŽкõ
ĻᣬĸֵĻᶼ٣ҪŸܳɣ
Цɣ
ôģΣûʲôĻСܺúõһ׼ɡ
ǹǿᣬϴίԱίίڣᣬˣҲԺһˡ
ңֱ˵ģѧҲø˰Ц˵ȫʧ䡣
̶ֶô˵ˣҲûٶᣬϸܳ˵¡
͸ܳ⣬Ҳ뵽ˣǶڵһ⣬ҲʹӦ
Ӧ֮󣬲̶̾ܳ¥ҪԿܳȥϴѧĸҽԺҪһңֱһ׼С
˿⡣
ڲ̶Щ׼ʱ򣬶Ҳǰ߮ȥҽԺ׼Э
ܳ;ĽѧΪðյ顣ȻҽԺҲˣǶܳǲϤģ߮ܳйӴ֪ܳɵһЩϰߣŸϡ
ȥģΪֱΪƵΣȻҪ᳡ֲֳнġ
߮õϢ󣬵ûвԸϾ׼ȥҽԺֻڵ绰棬߮ʵʦܳǲҪ뿪ʡ˰
Ŀ˸֮ɫ
˵ֽڶܳһֱΪصģҲܳɺܶᣬΪܳɵ£ǱߵĹϵͨˣܳȥطһָҪ˼
ˣһк񶡳ܳҲûγɹʲôԼ˵ǶΪܳʲô飬ܳɾͱҪôôֻϣܹܳչøá
ţѾ˰ˣܳҲƽ˵ˡֲʧ˵
նֵش㣬ϣܳɡһ򾡵ģ뷨Ҳȷе̫̰ˣܹƹѾˡݾ
߮ô˵Ҳûིʲôˡ
ô㣬ܳɵƣ֪ܳɵƣֲϣ߮Ҳ֪֮ǰƵ׶ܳôûǰЩʲô
õģʦѾ򵽳ˣܹܿҽԺ
ֻǣʦôŵĻ粻ʲô뷨ɣ߮ʡ
ǸŶֵĸڣεֱǶΪͦŵġ
ᣬСǼʶģѾ˵ˣҲε˼̫뷨ġҪ˵ȫûУǶֿ϶޷ֻ֤˵뷨뷨Ҳ̫

̶ܳɺܿ͸ϵϴѧҽԺſڣǴֱӿȥͣģ˭֪ĩſȻǶµһƥֻܳǰ³Ȼ̶ȥͣλһܳǰȥҡ
ܳɵ¥棬͸˵绰ڵʱϵľŵʮʵʮһʮʽʼ
֮Ҫô絽Ϊȫ׼Ҫʮһʮʱ򣬾ͽен˵ݲ֣ڴ֮ǰеķ涼Ҫܵǰ顢пܷͻء
ҪֱгһιǾͲǺˡ
ʦѾſˣŵĴү˵ûƣܳɽš
˵ǿƵĶֽҵģͻŴүһһظ¿һܳɡҲ͸ܳһϴԿס
ϴѧҽԺͨסҽڽҵʱԼ¹񣬵ȷʵҪȰҽԺ΢һЩҽԺĹӣǶҪԼȥҵġ
ܳɵһνϴѧҽԺ䣬΢еţ󣬷־ûע̬΢ƽһ
ϴ£ñ֮󣬲̶绰˵ҲͣĵطС˵ѾˣҾȻؾƵ˰ȻԼ򳵹ɣ̫ͣ鷳ˣ
֮ܳǰſڵĶ£æ˵õģʦ
ֻĸӽˣв̶Աߣôһˣ΢˵˵̶˵ˡ
ԼⴳȥһӶİˣʱҪǷΧ䣿
ܳɸϵ绰˵ҵʱ򣬾Ϳ˻ûǲ˵ĸǰĽѾңƬǰһڶʱ䣬һ߶һ˵Ż
壬ˡ˵ţܳɲȿҵţҲĳƺ
ϸ˿ڣɨܳһۣؽڣǽҪǹɹǵڶڹ̶˵ĻҲˣʱʮһʮʱʼȻʮһʮʼǰ׼ʮʼƤʮһʮֵʱ׼ʱʼ
ⲻǵһβμֱҲǵһЩʮ
ضīܳɽ˺ɨܳһۣʣ˵ҪʱСӣ
ˣؿԼ壬ʣؽϵСܣ
Ҫ˵ҽԺҽû̫ӡ󣬵ܳɣֱ̫ӡ˺ðɣ
ʱһǸͽȥʱܳɳС
šϵãϴȥҽԺǸ̨ġֻǲãȻͶֽҲ죬Щ⡣ضīص
ܳɴ˿Ҳˣ֮ǰ³⣬ҪֱͼͰϴѧҽԺضīڸȥ˰ҽԺֻܳû뵽Ȼôɺϡ
ܳ΢һͨˡ
ܲɺô
ոںضī壬ŵģΪضīܲסЩ飿
Լ;ˡȨ
ؽڣؽڡܳһʱ䲻֪ôҲֻؽΪƺ
ͽ˵ͽ磬ʦɡ
ضīǽְƣҲԼ壬ܺضīͬĳƺҽԺ棬ͬһʱһСؿԽ¼ͺʦԱ֡
ʦܳæ˳ƺ
Ͳʱҵſһ·ñӣҲ졣
һɲǣضīɫԵ
ɲǹǿƵǸ߮ô
߮ȥɶתԼͽܣһ
ģʱضīȥҽԺʱ򣬲ǡϷһ߮磬˵ȥ˰ҽԺ̫ãתھͳضīͽܰɡ
Ϊ߮ôһ˵һ
ԼǸѧĶ߮м˼֮ǰǿƵȽ϶࣬ԽЩʱ䣬ضīֱӴԼѧȥˣϾƵΣذȨ
ʦ硣Ȼضī̫ԣ߮ҲֻӲͷƤ˵
ţضīֻ΢˵ͷ߮ҡ
Ȼֱӽ״̬ʼеϸڣȻҪϵе̣е͵ҪϵҵʿҪʱңϵңǰһСʱǰ׼鷳һѶ
ϾǺȨ˶ڴƵĻ᳡Ų̶ģֻǰϾͻȻͷ̶֣˲ˡ
Ϊ̶ϲȥˣɵССʱûڻ᳡
ϾЩش˸绰˵绰󣬶ϾͺˣֱԼһ
ոԼĸˣҪ̶ĵ绰ġ
ϾĿͣңᡣһɵģ
Ȩ˿ΣʵԼ˾˶ϲȫǿſҽԺӣҲŷģ㿴ϾϾ磬ôˣ
ҸոһشϾޱؽӲתͷ
ȻϽλϷĻճ̱Ȼ󿴵˽ʮһʮһ֮䣬ϴѧҽԺǰһֱ̨
ⳡֱԤдڣ
ôͻȻܳأ
Ҫֻ֪иһĸڣôһ˿˿ԣΪѧеֱߵģ󲿷ֶɽģ³¡
ܳɣȻ쵽
Լʦ̶Ķ
ϴѧҽԺĽǣôİôܳȥֱأ
ЦĵòһСѧȥʦ
ĵܱ
Ҫ֪Сѧʹѧʦ֮Ĳֻʮ꣬һ꼶ʼ㣬Ҳʮꡣ
һͨٴҽѧƱҵѧ˶ֱҲҪ꣬ҵ֮һ굽Σߡꡣ
ҲʮĲ࣬⻹Ǽеļ֣
ȱһ꼶бҵٵѧƱҵΪʦҪʱ仹Ҫһ꣡
ײ
ֱܳɸϾתͷȨ˵
Ȩʱŵ˫۷ףἡⲻԾؾε¹رղȫˮΪŶҺҺܣͣؿûˣ

ӡĳ۸ӰףʮӣȨŻһ
ļٵģĪҿЦȨҲæճ̰š
Ȼܳɸţƣ𣬵ٶδҲ̫ˣⲻ׵ңˡ
ȻģʦողŸҴ˵绰ģ׿˵£ܳɸѾȥϴѧҽԺˣ˵ǲġϾţȻԼˣǾʹһ𾪰ɡ
˵ʱ򣬶ϾͷƤ鰡
ܳɵĳɳٶδҲ̫ˣԼʦ̶ûԤܳɽ¡
֮ǰִӦܳɻIII飬ϾȨǲ֪ģܲˡ
ͬǰҽԺģܳɻǹ࣬о̫¶ϾԱʧȥ˵ģ
ţƣҿȨѾûлڵˣֱһҼ𾪣
ҿˡ
̶ص˻᳡󣬶ϾòһȨҲ
Ȩ֮Ҫڹ˾ʵΪܹ°ҽԺֻѧﲻֻȡˣסһݷΧ
ңȨ֪黹ȶϾһЩǾܳ¸Ҫ뿪ңȥħ顭
£Ͼڹ
ȨԼѾŬˣΪܳɲȥܸϣϾгǵ͹ܳɵġѡ
̶ɫӵؿ˶ϾȨһۣЦ˵¶ƫ̻ԼֱȫСԼƴġ
̶¶Ͼᣬѧܳһࡣ
Ͼȫû뷨æ͵ʦû˼ֻǡ
ֻΪܳɸ翪ġʵ
ȻĽͼʶеġ
MDȫʡйǿǰ棬һֱѾ˺ðɣѾ㵽۷ˣһһӾͲˡ
мˣܹôʱ򣬵ôǰ棬Ū
ҪȥŪȵаŪʸʸûУŪ˭㰡
ڶϾԣĿֻ꣬ǣɹҵõ֤Ժ
鶼룬ȥŪˡ
ôǺ£ȻǾĬĬɣСܵʵҲǼʶģͲ֪һεֱ˵ʲôӡ
̶ૣҲеţڴмֲᡭ
̶֪ܳҪߵ飬ǣ󰡣̶Ҳ֪ܳʽ뿪ҽԺʱˣˣΪĳɾѾȫ˲̶ƿأҪƽ̨Ѿǲ̶ܹˡ
൱ڣԼĺӣѾҪȥգʩչŻˡ
ߣԼ˽
ֻе᲻ãҲЩ


һپʮ ޹Ĺڣ
Ҫɲ٣飬˵ͽȥǾƤһ飬ҪʵֻҪٵ׼ģ
ȣѴƷֻһЩίҪͨϢԷһڳ£ҲܹվԼһͬθȥ
Ҫ飬ٲҪ
ǰʡĴҪм֧ˡ⡢ףʵСķ֧ȥ⼸ţֻȰãŸȥš
ϴѧһҽԺĴƣˣʶ˵
ƵĳͥҵڡƵ֧ڡ
֧ϣ֧ҲʡˣϺʡˣɳж֮ﵱڣĿǰʡƵĿ֮һ
ԼҽԺԼҵĽڣǶ˵ֻҪһûˣǣƵĸίҲһҶ
ʹ˶ԣϴѧҽԺߺꡢźڡеڡƾλڣٽںԪڽڡ
⻹ֻǽڼģһЩڡ
ϴѧĴƣְҲд˵ֽڣԽڣϴѧҽԺûγɹģԵķչ
ʡҽڡ
ôһ㣬Ҫȥ߸˺úõͨһͨŸҺúõذ̨ߵ顣
ȼƽϺ˸Ե˵ǺȾҵ˳ͥҵڡ
ͥҵǿˣ˵ܳɵʱ򣬳ͥҵܳ˵ģͥҵ𺳣ΣҪôðе󰡡ȻСҾǲͲܹһô
ģ£ͥҵ⣬ǿٵȵȣٶ࿴ܳҲһʱƬ̡
ܳ¸¾ҪȥħˣҴӦ飬ʵΪãӦһʯͷӦ˱˵飬һϰ߲ҪŵԵϻǷˡ
ͥҵ㶣ؿ˿֣ʵʵ˵ΣǺοգ
ҪˣæʲôôûУⲻеõô
ھ㲻ܣܳƨҷһʲôŵǾѧҲųŵ㣬Ȼ˭
ֲˣӦ˵飬ҪģҲ
֧ô˵ͥҵһöǲеûεҲûнڵ
һ䲻ãԼı
Ҫ飬ȵðѸίһϵĹϵͨǸʹӡ
ҪҪǷġ
һû֧ģȺͨͨ˵
ͥҵɫһ˵ɣΣȥ֧˵ȥĽʰɣ黹ҪǰͨȽϺá
ҽԺ飬ͥҵҲܳɺĹϸҪ뿪ˣͥҵûѧУѧϰߡ
æ飬Ǳ֣˳飬ȥ֧һ֮е飬ܹ鶡Σ˵顣
нڲͬ⣬Ҳ֧˵ʱ̬ǿӲѣҲӡ
˰½ڡֶһ
ͥҵ˵û£Σȥæɡ
ֱ˳ͥҵ󣬾ҵϴѧҽԺĴƵΣߺڣ˵¡
ߺԣɫʱһڣôһаȥ겻˸Ȩô
ʡǰϴѧҽԺͶҽԺ֦ͬ˽£ǴžϵġǣҽԺһҽԺѷһߺ˶ڷѾ˼ŬҪϳ
໥Խߺȷѹ˿˶ûҵһ̨ܺ߮ģȥϴѧҽԺ˵˼Ѿǽڻˡ
ڶҪһףǣ㶡ֵǲʲôʺ˰ô˲ţһһǰɣ
ֿɲߺܳɵȥ⣬ֻ˫ֱȭ˵߽ڣæȻȥĻ֧һ£вˡʧɷԾǡ
ߺ겻ǱԺĽڣҲʶˣŹܳеԭԴ󣬵СӾˡ
ȥһЩڵСӣԷ
ûҪǣһIII˵ϲλⲻǹҲϵġ
ߺ귭˷۵˵Ц˲ǣԭԴѧҷųҲҿ
ʲôЦǰѧһ˽⣬ԭ򶼲䣿
ôĻߺҲѧһѣҲˡ
϶ֵֻ̫ܰãȥ
ǾͰ߽˰ࡣ
Ȼ󶡳Ⱥ󵥶ȥλƵĴȥȻڽĹУ˶ΪȥװƵġ
Ľʺ޲ûֱڣöǹNɪ
ʵ򣬶ԼҲп˵Ҳֻͣǰ¸
Ϊк£Īǰ̣
ڻ᳡ߵһĻϾȨͲ̶Ȩӣ²˵Ͼ磬ȻҺܳɸ죬Ҹոնһ־ͽĳ嶯
һָҪĴ
Ͼ֣صͷ
̶ȨһۣȨϱ졣
̶͵ٶ䰡Ҳ̹
̶ʧĺòã
ҪߣܳҲҪߣǴϹ⡣
Ȩ̾ܳɼֱͲӡ
еˣܳҪȥħܺϹ˺þá
ʵȨ֪Լǲܳ뿪ģأΪܳɶˣϾȥħÿһҽѧ顣
ԼգҲܵ˵ǰ̡
ÿһֲڣ𽥵ȥ𣬻졣
ѲԶһģǺƾԾ֮󣬽ټǹˡ
ɲȥҲܵűɵ·

˳ͥҵԱߣʱѾʮʮе۵ģͲ֪۶һЩƣһЩ
ͥҵѾ֧кԱߣΪֱϴѧҽԺŵģΪڣȻԵҪͦ˵Ҳġ
ҲãܳҲãߵĶϴѧҽԺƵƣ
֧ڿ˿ֺʵΰܳɣǲǾ˵ģǸΨһϴεļ¹УΨһüȷĹǿͬ־
Ŷ죬֮ǰòŷӦ
ֵͷ
֧õȷ֣Ϊ˱ӣйǿƵĽڶˣѶҪˣе˵ȥ
֧׳ʵڵıƢɶ˵ɶɲҴţ
ϴѧҽԺԺҲǹǿƵĴΡΪ˱ӣǿƵнڣԼҽԺҲãҽԺҲãһûᡣ
ϴѧҽԺдӵĽ棬Ҳֻһ
ܳɣܳ˹ףһЩģҲһȦ˵ܳɰõˣ˾תˣⲻô
Ҫߣǰֱ˵ð
־͸֧Ա˵˼䣬֧ɫŻƽеŭıҲ
⸴ӵ˵
ʵôԿġҵ߼ҵջįҽԺˡ
󣬵ٺͳͥҵ
ÿڿкͿʱ򣬾ͻбУְУߣ֮飬ҲҲȥֻյĽɡ
ͦӵģһԼĺӣһǡ
ҲͦᣬҪ˵ܹ˶ʿͲʿߣɵ϶ɵʹҲеģǼһЩ츳ʵˣҲǲɱġ
ѣþ
Ͳ֪ٻ᲻Ϊ£ϣһЩȽϼص
ҽѧѧϰһ֮
ꡣ
ȫû϶Ǽ򵥵ܹ͵ģȻܳɵԱиͨˣ֧ܳɵĻܹаյ飬Ȼѡаյİ
˵ʵڵģƽ߹ϵҲܹЩô
飬֮飬Ҳһ֡
Ҳϰɡૻظ
ãӼᶨЩȥܳɵױ˭ѧضԼ£ǿܾûôˡ
ֻǣ־ã߮磬ѾΪˣʵǳ鲻ôʱȥܳɣȻܳɵҲǿҲ֪ô̡
һܳɵĵطôԥĹܳɾˡ
ܲܣΪܳɣֱӰ߮ˡ
һӣҪľȥʦģǾǵһʦ

ڶֺ֧²ܳɣԼܳɵʱ
ϴѧڶҽԺĹǿĳɧȺʼ궯
ֵȣTMѿ˰ոĪؽӵʦĵ绰ͷؾһԱУ
ҿܲҲ𣿺ɣѵܰTMҲ±Уοãʦԭôͣ



ɧȺ˲ţ˵˼άġ
ڽһһλ緢СȺͼ
üһﰡȻߺȺ淢ˣߺڵѧͬţȫˣ˶ɪɪػظ
յ
յ
궿ˣʦˣȺ棬ĴʦѾǸˣҽԺģҲˣ
ҷе㲻԰û֪ʲôģ
@ܲ
ܲ

ܲоȺĴˣΪϾһ棬·ģĿǰۻSCIѾжʮˡ
Zjjlѿı˵֪ʦרŴҵ绰ʱˣ˵ǸһҪһƸȨһڼȵƬᣬõϡ

ҿ@#

һѧӻٴӴаΪǼ飬ͷȥ꣬ԣǶӡر̡
֮ǰͱͳһһΣΪʲô
ΪûʦϴѧҽԺܹԴҽԺҲʱҲվ
ǣʵ߮Ҳر㣬ȫͬѧĳˡ
ڴ߮ĹС
ӡֶߣ
˵߮Ҫѧ£ôҶһû뵽θһֵøˣװֳᵽϡ
ƴʲô
ѧɹٴʵ̶ƴֻҪװƵģƴ̵
˸óóʵͺñ֣ܲܽΪѧúãֱӶǿô
ϴѧҽԺƽ̨ܹ֧ⷢӣֻ㣬װƵĻʱڵ㣬š
ҽԺô룬һҽԺͬҲ԰ҽԺоǣýһҽԺĹǿ߮ȥ󣬾û˶ʿͲʿˡ
ͶҽԺҽԺҿʼ㣬û뵽ͷƤˡ
һҽԺֱӰᵱƸȨֳȥ
ðû
ʶ
Ⱥ̻ظ
GȻܽ»᳡ʱ򣬷Ǹޣר᳡͸лǹģʱ
߮ͰҽԺǸ˭νǳͷڶ¶Ľ֮ɫ
ܽһ£־ⲻܡ
ƺóȥˣܻҪȥǸҽԺĹȥһ㳡ģԲܡ
ܲлϽ˵
ZjjlûʲôҾǻԾһա
@֪ܲиô𣿡
ôġ
ˡ
Ⱥ컰⣬ܿתƵ˵ĸ᳡飬ǺȥĦȷ˻ڴƵĻ᳡˶ʼƵĻ᳡ʼ
ƵĻ᳡棬˾ͻȻ֣ٽ糡εĻ鼴ʱ򣬺첻һ鷢ˡ
ڽӽβʱӦɢˣóԷԷȥ
ɽ죬ʮһһʮʼдؽƵĻ᳡Ｗ
󲿷ˣǻһСˣ᳡ˣֵġ
ѧģġ

̨ϣѾʮһʮʱ򣬾ʱֱֳ̨˵顣
ڿ½½˽֮󡣶ֻǷĲԾ͸Ͻٻ㱨ܻ鰡
Ϊϴѧˣ֪ܲʡڲ֪жϣܹϴѧҽԺҽѧ¢ϵλģĵˡ
ԼѼҽԺŪȻһλ
˼ǣ㣬û񣬷չҲû죬Ҳû˲š
Ұˣҵλȥˡ
ԣڵ֪Ҳǿʼϵˣڼӽ᳡ʱ򣬿ʼƵĻ᳡ƶ
Ȼڽͣܳɵֱü
ǣϴѧҽԺѾõ飬û취еĻǾ
˶ˣӡ
ܻ£ҪǳˣиЬ汻Ħ˵ĦûʲôУҲٵ
񲻽ֻǹǿƵΣҲԺܱ˵ġսûĻȥϴѧҽԺȥսǼλ̩ɽٻҽѧߵУ
Ϊ˱ٻְѹǿƵǰۼ˴ƵĻ᳡
G˵󰡣ЩϽʦϿڣЦţŹȣξȥˣһֲֿļС
ǻ˴Ĵָ˵ٵӹ󣬸ǶҸɵ顣
ɲ
úõѧᣬܿһȨ֤ᣬٵӹ
϶ǹ˵ġ

ۼԽԽ࣬󼸸ߣԵؼҽԺĽߣѹʱ»⣬ڽʱ򣬿ʼҧľ֡
󱳵ĺͶͷϵĺˣ¶ʪ͸ˣ
˾ͲΪĲġ
ǽν֮ûһʣǣµˣˣϽڵλЩˡ
ûʣǶһֽٺҸС
Ͻ̨Ȼֱϴּ䣬ϴִ޲ֱӻصϴ裬̫ˡ
Ϊ̨£Լʦ汲
ڣĿ֮£ʱʮʮ֡
ϯ糡׼ʱ֮󣬻᳡ǰĴĻֱӵϴѧҽԺĹǿĳңеĻ棬ͣ״̬ȻƤǰ׼ֻŻ᳡ߣʼ
һԾ̨ϣ˳־ͳһͲһιǿᰡǿ׼һ̨ɹжC3͹۵ĵڶڹ̶ϣλͬλרҡλǰܹͬѧϰ֣̽
Ҽ򵥵ؽһ²˵ǰϼǰؼ顣
ǰ飬֢Ӧԡ
ǰƽƬҲֻƽƬǿԿǾC3͹ַۣλǿ϶еģֻڹ̶ơ
Ϊ˱;˲õڶʽ
ƤǰӣĻC͸ӳͼƬԿǰǣ޶Ƭλǰһ¡
أҾʽʼˣϣܹλͬһ֪λҪ˽ûа
ǰȻǼ򵥵ؽܵģؼ̣Ǵҹעġ
ǰ϶Ⱑų̂ˡ
ϴѧҽԺ׼ر֣֮ҪʱC͸ӣΪ˱㣬ͬΪѾ˸λ֮ȥ
൱ֻ˸̣
ǰӵC͸ӣǰһ£ǾǻҰҶǶеģȻ̣ʵʵֱ㡣
û˿˵ƫͷۣƺָѶȺ͹۵ĸӳ̶ȡ
СˣC3ˣǳǹǸɹۼѼӵˣҪѣǾǹؽڵˡǹ踴ӹ۵ˡ
̨µһͷ˵ʼɣǰûʲô˵ģǰָԡ
ô˵ҪΪ˱˷ʱ䣬Ҳɵơ
˶ˣʲô˶С
ϾûͲҽϵʼ
һ£Էһ˵ʼ
Ȼ˾Ϳеļ˫֣ʼ
ûƤ׼õƤֱڹ̶ģǣؿǺ󣬾ֺܳɵĽ빵֮ͨ󣬾ֱӴƤʼֱ
Ƥ֮ǰ˲ſĻ棬תǰC͸ӻ档
Ǹոٴ͸ӵƽƬʱ¼ʮ˷֡ڣҪʼһַλҲ˼򵥵Ľ˵
ͬʱҲڵǰǣǰַ򵥸λŸλͬģҾͲ˵˰ϸ

˿˻棬˫ֻǼ򵥵ַλ֮󣬾Ϳٴ뿪ң
ֳ˶±ˣ
Ҫʲô
C͸ӣ
͸ӣ
磬ֱٸһ͸ӣ
ʲô˼
̣͸ӣܶ͸ӣֱ͸ǿ͸ӣ

ǿİǿġ
᳡ʼɧ
ĽţԹԵؿʼ̡
֮󣬻ٴC͸ӵϡ
һ̡
C͸ϵѾ֮ǰǸˣǣ۵Ķ϶ˣȻ֪ôΣĪرȻ˵Ҳǿ黹м䡣
ǡԶ˵ĹǻȴѾԺϵñȽϺˡ
ۿʲô߰
֮ǰĹ߰ëţڵĹߣǾΪĹ۶϶ˡ
浽һΪһ۽ƤһǾ۽еCۻʾ壬ƺڵʾŽ˵ʾ͸ӵʱ䡣
᳡ĸλͬλʦҺą̃ǰε͸һε͸ʱʮһ֣ڶ͸ʱʮһ˷֡͸ʱ䣬ʮһʮһʮ룡
Ҳǹ֤ͬǰе͸ʵ˵ӦҲˣ̨Ѿߵβ
ۣ
ⲻ˵ţƵĻӣֶ̲סһڡ
Ȼһε̣϶˴۾
û뵽ˣ
עŻ᳡˵Ŀɿڴͱ飬ã
ΰ£
ԭܳɻⱾ£ڻΪ֮ǰĸӹۣŪ˼򵥹ۣе㹦׵ģк嶤飬ֻ߸ѣ
̨ܶһ±Ƶı飬ԼҵһЩǰϽʦ۾ķ۾۾Ĳ۾־;úTMŹ֣
òװѸλƽƬ֮󣬾ͷԸֱĹԱѻ۽С
ȻأҾͿе߰Ѿýָȥˡ
ⲻǸոնƤôͣ
ȻҲ𺳣ȻǸոտˣѾƤ·¶ˡ
ôʱ򣬻᳡˶ˡ
ʲôиոտˣ㿴û
ոյô֮ǰĹ۸ģҶû
Ȼô룬ȴѾɵؽȥˣֻǰĽй̣Ϊڽڹ̶Ĳ֮ǰ۵ĸλѾ൱λԣĹУҶ̵ܵ˿
ֻǣ˿ȴû̫õù۸顣
ΪǸλ£治ϴѧҽԺĽһؼҽԺĸξ͸ˣ
λռ䲻󣬵ͽָ۾ܲȥ⻹ʲôÿأ
ָȥ֮󣬰ѵ룬Ĳ߸ѣ
һֱڶڹ̶꣬ûκ©֮ΪͲ©
ֻǣ᳡￪ʼӵΪڶĹ̶Ƭ֮Ѿˣûʲôÿˣ̣йоأʲôˮƽֻ˵λĺã
̨֮ǰȾͰѶȽ˼μ
⻹ʲô˵ģ
ţƣ
̶Ĺû㣬ǸλḶ́ȴϹ󲿷˵ùۣ
ֶΪܳɹƣ׼е棬Ȼʼ˵ʱ
ֻܳϺڶڹ̶֮󰡣ȻٴڻߵĹɹжΣһСӡ
ңʼ˵λʦȱż̨ڣֻ֮ģʣµ֮һĿԴ
ȣûκεĻ֮ɫֻǣ΢еţܳ⻭ʲô˼
Ī֮ǰ˵ģҪֱĹУһϷ룬˼
ٿͷڹ۵Ķ϶λãһ2.5cmҵĿӣ֯󣬴Ҳδڶͨ˼϶ȥһǯ
ǯȥ϶סˣҲûвʳļӣԣҶ֪Щʲô
ǣڵ֮
ֳҲź±ӣ
ܹλģҪôǸΣҪôΣܷḻģȫ벻Ѿˣô㣬Ϊΰ
ҰҲҲ֪ڸʲô˵붡֣Ӳڽ͡
˰˼⣡
ڣǯ֮󣬸޾Ĳ˵͸ӣλ
Ȼ֮
ƽƬһγ˻гĴĻ֮ǰĻ棬ֱô˶ɵۣ
һʸλĹɹǣȻ˵Ψһв֮ͬǹλãλ΢ôһ֮⣬Կ۵ĺۼ
ң
رǣ
ǰЩǿ飬Ȼˡ
λϣ
Ҫ֪ڶڹ̶̶ֻǹ۵Ľ۶˺Զ۶ˣǿ飬ҶǲܵģзնʧģΪҲû취ȥܡ
ƺ

ոСӣġ
᳡˲䷢ըʽ
˵֮ǰǰͰ̵ĻôոһĻϴѧҽԺ׼ֱеľϲ
ҽѧż
Ϊܹò˻øõЧЩóż
ּˣϾͿϴѧҽԺļλֱվǾֱ֣ԱߵҪ˻ͲҪʼˡ
Ϊ֮ǰйͨģ־˵λͬλʦλڣֱ͵ΪֹҲϰ볡Ľ֪λ϶кܶ⣬ǣⰡϣλ߸ϵ˻᳡֮ͳһشɡ
˵䣬ֿ˿ʱ䣬˵Ƿ㣬˴ҳԷʱ䡣
Ц⣬ڵЧ˵Ļƺڹˣʵǣ
һ롪ûˡ
֮߳СͻȻϣ
ϷҿӶˣҷ۱١
һѶָĳ嶯ֵĻǶԵģֻǻ᳡Ľ˵
ûκ˱һ̨Ƶĳʶ
Ȼⲻϲµģ൱ܡ


һپʮ TMʵ
˵꣬Ҳû˼᳡Ҳͽɢȥˡ
һǶ˵ģǷ㡣
ǣô˵ʡҽѧʡѧĸҽԺǿġ
Ҳ˵ϴѧڹڵѧרҵôȫκһҽѧԺСҽѧѧ
ûչҲڷչֻǿ΢˵㣬ʵӹɵģ
ʵڴƵĻ᳡ôһֱʱ򣬴Ҿ֪ϴѧҽԺбģʼ֮ǰֱ˵ǰһ
Ȼйоص̣Щͷβ˼
ǣʵϣ̫ˣϴѧҽԺ˵ͷǻ棬˵ġ
ûʲôͷʱ򣬿ʼ͸һػȻоͷβʱһͷʨӡ
ֻһ̨ǳйоصڶڹ̶ϴѧҽԺóӦǲġ
ǿƵᣬһϴѧҽԺҽԺΪ췽Э췽ȻϴѧҽԺҽԺ󲿷ֶЭ췽
ֵͻȻжϣʵҲߺھΪܣ궡ôһ㣬ֵٱʱ򣬾Щò˰
Цһַ۸λ񽭺ƭһСпäǿڹ̶ܹȱλֲǣɧóѪ
ǵģ̨Ӧġ
ɹжιC3ַ͡λƹ·ڹ̶λСпäǿֲ

ɢȥ̶ڳһ
ͬʱ̨ϵĶ֣ҲǳһȻһϯ̨Ȼߵ˲̶Աߣ˵ΣֱǳɹǸܳɰǵӹ󣡡
ܳɵȻӹȻܳɵӴҪԭǣܳɽҺ󰡣ֱ̨ҪƯ㡣
ÿһ¼ܷڣȻͰͰͰ͵ذԼƸܳɡ
أܳ⻰ͺͲ̶붡ȡ˹ͨˣǲǿ΢żһ¡
õ˿϶Ĵ𸴣ȻֱӰƵƷˣȻëԼذԼ
͵Ļͷβṹ
ϸ˼֮ͬˣҪһεֱҪܳɽȨ⣬һ˼ǣװư
ʲôѧʱ㶼óһ㲻һĶʲôʱأ
ҪһЩ˲ġ
̶Լ֮ǰ󺹵飬͵ͷ˵Ƕ˶ܳɵĺ֣Ƚ֮һСԵл
̶Ƕֱ˵ˣɶҲǡ
ܳǲ̶ѧʵʵģֻǲоʦо֮ʦͽϵΪˣܳ˺ô̶Ҫʾġ
ܳҲҪʾȼƿ϶Ӳ˵ġ
ؿ˿̶˵Σ˰ɣʲôʱҸʱúɣ롣
ȥԷɡ
ʵһʱ򣬶ְ˲̶æܵлˮɵ顣
˵ǮˣѪá
ǣ̶డʱҪ̶ѪȻʡ
ܳɱһʮƣȥħȻԼﵽϴѧҽԺ̶˫ͷѪ
Ϊйܳʧ֮۵źĶ̶֣֪ʧȥԱ󽫵飡
ӦõӦõģڡ̶Ͻ˶ֵߣȻһ߳ȥ˼󣬲Żͷ˵ϾȨԼȥԶ
ϾȨ˵ã
̶֮Ȩ͵һ˵̫ˬˣϾոշ𣿡
̫ˬˣôڣôרңǵѣ·һʦƵģȫһǣűߵļƣ
֮ǰ̶ڣԶϾȨȫѹסĵʵ뷨
ƽﰡϺΪҽԺΣţƲ
ģѹĶϾȨģϺжţưڶǣֻǸߵҽʦڻ᳡ҲֻеȣϴѧҽԺĸڶԲġ
ˣЩڣΣؼҽԺΣһЩϽڣһ±ƺȻ
𾪵Ķܳɡ
ܳ˭ƽվߣƨĻ顣
ⲻ
G
ǺܽѪڵģֻϧﲻܳɸĲΡϾͷʾͬ⣬Ҳʾź
ȨѹûﵽܳĲη룬֪ԼＸûϾôӵ˼
ԺؼҴţбǮˣֵܣڶţưɣȨվ
ǰ۲͵ʱ;˴ţˣ˵ĸôôȨƽʱûʸģǽ֮󰡣϶̸ˡ
ȫ̶Ƶ˵Ҫúüһ£˭˵ԼѾˮֱȥ

ϴѧҽԺĵͣ
ʻλ߮ܳ˺˿̵ºܸߣ˵Сܣ߮磬ǵֱǳɹ
ոնڽˣֻԶԸһ£糡ĵһ֮ǰϵ᳡
ȻЩܵĳˣȻʱҲ˵ĻڿҪ˺ˡ
˻ңǿƵڣԸҴ򶡽ڵģڶڵѧţȻڸȥ᳡ȻԣȥԵҲС
߮ͽ飺ϵ»ɣʱ䲻ˡ
糡㿪ʼڵʱѾһˣҪȥ᳡Ըһ£治ǰϵ᳡
߮ʦ߮ɲܰԼʦûˡ
˽߮ʣĿ˸ܳɸ磬۵ַλģһ֣Ϳдüƪ³˰ҲٴҲãѧֱҲá
ЧԸܸܵİ
߮˵
ȻҲ۵ַλַܳλԲһ㣡
ƤûʼͽˣҪ͵㣬Բ
⿴еѧ֡
ܳһʱ䲻֪ôأĹַλǳ綨¶ȼеǸֲҲȡڹȱĹֲ
ȼ
ЧȻܸܵġ
Ȼֲ𶼲ߣʵϣûõԴ𺳣ȻС
ܳɾѡ˲ظؽڣʱҪشĻҸôظȽϺð
ʱҾ˻᳡ɧܳɺȷҪȥ̨棬ҲǻΪʸ֮ĵġ
˵ΪʲôҪذ˵еٴͺˡ
ôأ˾а죬ҲöˡǿĲƸǿ϶ٴġ
ȻȨĻͲҪ˵ˡȫ̽ھͿˡ
ţܳɵ˵ͷ
شΪǰ֤Уܳɽ⵽Ĺ˼·ۣܴУ˵ԵõʵһķԾҲ϶ܽ
ѾǸڣٽһǺѵģֻܿˮ󹤷
壬ؿǵò̫ˣֻܿĻۡ
ôһᣬܳϸַ̽λ͹ֲ飬Ժ۵Īĺô
۵ƣԭܼ򵥣еĹأת˵ͷӡ
߮ҲջС˿ܳɺʵܳɸ磬˵ҪȥħˣôûҪʡأ
߮Ȼ֪ħƽ̨ϴѧãֻǣ߮绹ǲ̫ܳɵѡ
Ҫǣڸ̫ˣܾˡܳɺ
ûԭ򣬾ȣرȡֱӰԺʿֱ⻹
ҲǵƵ˵ģƽô˵ôһڣڲԼһ϶˳
ǣǶҲãҲãȽϺǡ
߮ǳ˳顣
侭̨ʣŲ̫ʰɣ
ô˵鰡С˵дһزģõٿƸʮֵľ̵棬һѧдʽ

һ·͸ϵ˻᳡Ȼſ˿ϵ»֮󣬾Ͷ˻᳡С
ʱ򣬾°볡ĿʼʱѾˡ
һֲλѾԹ˻᳡Ҳ˱Ƚϱ죬ȥԺóԵͣпϵ»ˡ
Ȼֱˡ
Ϊ֮ǰǿλģȥòˣԼ첻죬ܲȥѧϰһ£
еĽ˵֪ܲ
ȻˣܳǺ߮ЭߡʽҲֵеؼԶ
ԵβͿ˶ϾȨ߽˻᳡Ȼֱܳ߶
ܳɸţƣ
ȨȽϿŵ͸ܳһӵܳԭζ飬ôһײˣеϧؿ˼һۺ˫޴·š
Ȩ˷ۣȨ磬ЦҲųԼӣöȻƻҪȥ̨ϻش⣬ûճԵġ
Ȩŷſ˵ԶԶԣ
ܳɸȳԣȳԡԼǳԱˣܳɻڰ;·һ磡
ڣ
һʮֵʱ򣬻᳡ˣȫˣ
ҲͰֺߺˣҲЩϽڣҲͦ棬ԼĸСӣôɧ
Ȼ󣬶ҲӣֱŻͲߵ˴ϯ̨ǰȥ
Űλͬ϶ȲҪոֱ̨˰ɣ˸Сӣվ׼˵Ķ󣬾͸Ͻ̨֡
ܳһ·Ȼһװϯ̨ǰȥ
ҪһģȻ᳡Ŀ⣬ֵͬһܳɵķǳɫҲδ䡣
һƱ㻯
ԼļܣһҪ˵ģֽڸԼᣬԼץסˣҪýĽ׼
ǰƸõȨܲĿ
벻ܶܣ
ֻǣ̨ߵʱܳɾͿ󲿷˰һЩϽڰĿɿڴʹſţżϣã
ʹˣе±ơ
Ͼ
ߵ̨ǰܳվԼԱߣҵݸһͲ
Ȼ󶡳ַǳʽؽ˵ԱλСӣѧǰǣɳаҽԺǿƵסࡣ
ǷųһŴըף
᳡ŵˣ̾ը˹
סࣿ
ʲôЦ
ҽԺϴѧҽԺ𣿡
ǰֻ˵һҽԺܻϴѧҽԺ
ס࣬ѧ
ڸʲô

˵硣Կ崻ľ
ֳЩ֡
ҲûΪ˵ֱ飬̫ɫ仯Ǹ˴һʱٴοڵȻϴѧҽԺѧʡйǿͬѧ
һ㣬ǹǿƵĴҵߡ
СܵʱҲõIȨãԼĵλƸõIIȨҾ;ãСӣǹǿƵ˲ţ
ñĿǰѧûҴӦҪȡƸIIIȨĻᡣҲǽ졣
֮֮ǰûеͬ˵£Ǿ飬ᱻͬԣֻ˽ҽԺߺ߽ڣҽԺԼʡҽļλڣ˵Сܡ
ǹͬο֮£ãǹǿƵѧǲû
ԣڽϣʱҽԺΪСΪ̨ҽʦƲ̸λãյһ̨ɹǹڶڹ̶ǷԲɹ
ǷţС㹻ʵȥƸչIIIģ⣬ΪֱӣҲΪĿ
ܳɲҵѧǹǿƵѧΪȡIIIȨϴθ߮ȡһҲΪԼѧֻΪ˹ǿƵķչ
ôģҲôģ
ֵĻһ̨µˣĬˡ
ò˵ִ˾٣ӷǳ
ǣǵĹע㣬ʵֻΪ˹עܳɵǸַλͺĹȱ𣬺Сǿ飬ôģ
ΪԼ֪붡ֵͻˣȻ˳
Ϊ˲öֵĻ䳡ǰ붡ֹͨߺھվҲӸصؽСܣϴѧûκιϵ
ʵĿðҾãƸIIIȨûκ⡣
ߺϴѧҽԺƵΣ̬ȾͿԴһˡ
ȻҽԺƵΣֽҲ˵ڸ˵ˣܳɲѧҲϴѧѧǹǿƵѧΪʦΪչIIIûġ
Ȼ󣬶ֽڵʦڣҲվҽԺģǿǴҵģˣҾãǿȨ΢һݾġ
ϾЩݾҲԼĿƴģǿʲôʣҾϵ
ֶ֧ڵĿΪϴѧҽԺûϵҲӡҲȥ飬ܳûκθ˲漰ݹϵ͹ϸֻ£
ܹԹݣôƯIIIΪף
ԱߵһүҲվ⻹˵ʲôⶼȨIIIĻֻּΪ˴ѹ˶ڵ𣿡
ⲻּƶȵĳġ

ܳɿһڣԼʶĽڣ׷վΪԼ˵˵ʵڵģǼΪжġ
Щˣûϸ𰡣ǲǲ̶ҲǶ֡ûӦԼʲôҲʲôԸΪԼվ˵
Լ֣ԼӦüǵõġ
ܳɵ΢еʪ
вġ
Ҳ̫򣬵顣
˼һУֵá
ôһǺĳ򰡣ͺˡ
ǹֱģлطţһȫ̼֤ģ̣϶ûëëҾͲˣһôš
԰ܿһվ˵ڣⰡǿ˽ۣҶ᲻ϡֻǰǺܺ棬Сҽô
ûʼ֮ǰģǸСӣûл˼Ŀʲô
Ȩ飬ȷһ߿ʵȻе𺳡
ϾҲ߮ǰҲֲˣ⣬ѧɳλ˵ÿһѧĸĿġ
ֽ⻰Ҳ֪°ôˡ
ܳɵĳŵԲ
ԷˣȻתͷܳɿ˸Ц˵Сܣϲ㰡̨ԼˣԾݣ
仰һ˫ء
˼ǣܳɣԼȥشɡ
ǣIIIʵһˮ룬ϸϽֻиְƣܹõּȨһҪô棬ҪԼˡ
һ̶ϣ˽̵̿
ΪָҲãֻжԶӦʽĹ̶Ḷ́ûб׼𰸣
ûС
ʽб𣬵̣ȥ̨ȥؽϻߵļõƣûбġ
ƾԾ
ܳ촽ǾϹԶֽ˵ллȻپһ᳡ˣ˵ҲллڳʦϿɡ
֮ǰڵõ˽ҪȨʱһֱѽ쵱һοԡû뵽һѧ·ϣ飬һκĿá
ڳÿһʦϵĿΡ
ǰһֱãҾһͨĹ࣬ѲۣүүġҷҴˣֻǻѡ
ʵҵϼʦҲãϴѧĶڣʦҲãǶǺܰϧ˲ŵġ죬λʦܹҵĲ㣬ҵݣҵ䣬ͬIIIȨޡ
Ҿ֪λʦڶԺһ̵Դ̣
лл
˵ܳٴؾһ
ǶԶ֣Ϊô飬Ի᳡˵İæͷϵһл˵鰡ôˡ
ϹܳɲſλؼҽԺΣ˵λʦ֪ʵ⣬Ҳ֪ʵķ򡣡
ǣΪĿǰʱޣֻ˵εУַֻλֲֻʽԭһʱ˵ס
һգȡ¼һƵ˵ףȻٽڣöתλʦΪλʦһ
ллܳɺܿضλ˵
λе⣬ܳɾȻô𣿻ר¼ƽƵ
Ҫ֪֮ʣֻǿܲܿһϸښGɲΪҪܳȫͿգһޱؽ̸
ңܳɵĻ˵飬ôһʱ˵أ
ܳɸ˻ظҲǱ֤
ȥ
ϾվʵҽʵҸոҲһʵģֻνȵˣҽҲõĽͷ
ҾͽһڶⰡ
ô˼εأַλֲֻͨʽ򵥵ʽô뵽ĳʹõأ
⣬ҲȽС
ַλҲãֲҲãʵǸҪû˻ȥЩġƽʱֻǸƷҪĻǹ۵ڶڹ̶
ʵҲǴ󲿷ʵģԣ۽ܳϵĿ⣬֮ǰ
ܳվ̨ϣ΢ԥ˼֮󣬲ŻصλʦҾʵش밡ʵڽ֮ǰû̫ؽӴIIIҽӴIIIȽ϶ࡣ
۵ַλIֲIIȻ˵ȼҾûиߵ͹֣֮
ֻҪõúˣ򵥵ʽҲܹܺõ븴Ӳϣ
֮ô룬Ϊ֮ǰֻӴ㡣
ܳɻϡ
̨µ˶ʧˡ
ܽܳɵĻǣôΪ֮ǰֻҾͰǰ˹
˻
ʵ
֮ܳǰ϶ôӴIII
û˵صΥġ
ǣܳһ仰˵úá
ʽȼȻûиߵ͹֣֮IIIΪƶġǣҲIIIƽƽҲҪһ㡣
ԣܳӮ˾Ҷҵ
йֵģȨˡ
GؼȥװõزģֶһĽ䣬źð
˵ģ
žžž
ȨƶĺˣģΪƤǺɫĵط
Ȼܳɾֻش˼޹ؽҪ󣬶վһ¡
ʣµʱ䲻ˣһ⣬Ǿ͸Ͻʼ糡εѧʢɣ
ֵ˺ܶ࣬ǣԱȴѻͲݸһ׷ߣ׷֮ǰΪܳ˵ϴѧҽԺϽڡ
ӣ
õ˻Ͳ󣬲ΡΡվֱܳĵ˵Сܰʵ⣬޹ءֻһ£˵Ҫ˼·¼㲥ôģ
Ӧ֪ЩǿΪٴõġ
ӽڣΪһĽڣȻ֪һҽҪԣµĴʣҿ£ɲʲôˮģǶǿӰҵĶ
ܳûӽڻôֱӣͷʵ׼˴𰸣ǲֱӿڡ
ԣԥ˴Լʮ֮ܳɲ̹ϵذԼĵĴ𰸸ˣʦãллʣʵرһ´Ҷҵİû˼
ǱȽϹֱҲȽʵˡ
ܳԭĴ𰸾ǣʲô⣬ֻٴϣã˲˽ڣһӶѣܷǾһʱ
˵һӣֻһʱһ硣
ȻۺϿܳɾش𣬱Ƹ̫ߣӵô룬ôװƣǳޣ˰ɣ˵һֱӵģ˵Чõ㡣
Ҿ֪ͼʵɣ
ʵ
ӽЦˣû˵ʲô
˲Ϊ
ʵûʲôõģϺܶණǵȼۻ߲ȼ۵Ľ˵磬һȣǺٵġ
ҲС

һһεʴᣬߵβ
ܳˣҲߺϯλϵĹУһ̨ˣֱߵ˲̶ԱߣŲ̶ϾȨΪȫעĽ㡣
֮ܳ󣬲̶ԱߵģһҽԺĹǿΣξ͵GСܰ˵˚G
д֮𣿡
Ůûа
൱鰡żĿںš
ܳɻû˵̶æεĻ˻ȥΰСҪĻͰˣСѾ¸ȥԺʿŶӶˡ
ׯ˲оͷϴ˱˺
һͰˣԺʿŶӶֱӰׯɱˡ
㬵ӣǹϲֳ˸˲š
ЩɵؿŲ̶֣ģ̶ֲˣô̭˸أ㻹˵ɳзչء
Ժʿʿ
һƶܻȥļ磬Ǿܸߵˣ
̶νȻҲиˣҲһӵίɱһͨ
˭ɱ˭Ҷùãƾɶһί
ֻϧ̶ոյĻе󣬱׼׽ԱߵˣĻ󣬸Ͻƨȥˡ
ˣֺõġ
ԺʿŶӣҪܳɰһǻǼ򵥵鰡
ԶҪСһԺʿͷεСͷӰǴ̶ġ
ѧ˰ɣԼûˡ

̶һȻſܳɣĸȫѹȥСܣʲôʱȥħµİ࣬ϲϰ
ϵģʦܳæ˵
ȻҪϰģ˵ȥֱӺͲ̶ãİ඼ˡ
ȻҲ˵ˣ̶ҲӦ
ֻǣ̶Ҳã֪֮˵Ϊ̶Ĳ࣬ͲѲ̶ˡ
ġ
Ŀǰԣܳķ̶ƻҪߡ
֪֮һǮˣһ˵ҪƵˣ
ʱܳɲŽһС
ߣݸһЦ
ѩ̿ߣȻ֮
ʦ֣ⱲӶᶨˡ
ţǾ͸°ɣ³㻹ҪʰܳЩģҲ鷳ˡ̶ֿͣһЦ顣
ʵеգ·õһ飬޿κΣ
ޣͲܰܳɰߣ̶һڣܹܳϴѧҽԺһƽ̨Ͱܳˣﶼȥ
ûУ
˾Ƕǰ̡
˲·ɱ˸ĸ
ܳɺͲ̶ʱ򰡣߮ƺǳŶ˹ȥ־Ȼڲ۽ǣһ߽˴ϯ̨ԵСȥˡ
һĻܳĪһ
ѵǣ֪ԼҪȥħ飬᲻ã˽һ
ˣԼԱߵС۾


һپʮ 
Ļ̣֮ˣҲûٳʲôʡ
̶һȻ͸ƴ˵绰ʲôţƾͻûʲô顣Ȼ̶͸Ͻܳˡ
ҪԱߵ˵Ŀⶼ̫ˣǰ̽ҪôǾ֮ǰܳɵ۽Ŀߡ
̶ƤܺҲǾסĻĿݲУȨϾǵȻԼ򳵻ȥȳȥˣе顣
ãϾȨ˵ͷ
ãܳɺͲ̶һ߰ܵѹС˺֮ܶ࣬ǰһֱĿⲻͣؾͽǻ˵ѹܴʮֲӦ
Ȩ磬ܳɸţƴˡϾһ
ȨҲ˵ͷǰܳɸţƣΧһĿȵģȿϴѧҽԺĲʿҪ
ϾȨ⻰òƾе
񰡣ܳɵĳ֣ڸ˲ѧۣ

̶أǴܳȥԶģܹҸطһ֣죬˵˵
Ÿ˳Ϳ绰վȻ绰ˡ
̶һûӣִһΡ
̶ԥӹ֮˰ΣŵΣڻڻ᳡߰ڸңҪһʱ䰡
˵̶æҽԺ߸һϿԺھңѪƵĻҲڡ
ãȻ˵ĵ绰˲̶İš
ǰΪһԱΪҽԶ벻ʲôʱһֵķʽ
Ҷϵ绰󣬲̶Ŷܳ˵һ˸Ҫ֫Ժˡκȥæ
ƿǺȲ˰̶Ρ
ܳԣһ˵ʦǻԼʦһԷȻȥǻħģûʱĻǰ绰˵һɣ
ĵҺܶƻҽҪԲΪȻǿԲȥ
е˶ԣʱ䣬Ҫġ
̶æ˵ŶԣһҪ򼸸绰Լ˺üϣ
̶Ѻܶ࣬ϲѣ˰Լ˲٣һˡ
ĩᣬѧϰ£ϵʱ䡭
Ϊ˹Ļ

ܳ˼գ˰ҽԺ¥£Ȼ̶Ҳеľֶˣһֱܽҡ
ΪܳɺͲ̶ͻȻʧƶƣǱģƽʵҲ˭ƻؼңֱӸͨѶ¼ͨǸ˴˵绰ΪҪϷɻû취͡
ܳɺͲ̶ʱ򣬾Ϳ
֮ǰѪƴӹɶеų̂ϣвٵ״ĺɫѪ˨ۼܳɹƣͿѪƵˣѪ˨ӹɶNȡģNķ֧ǰֺĽĶҲͨġ
ȻѪƵԴѪܵȡ˨֮Ѿû취Զˡ
һǴӹɶϥؽڵĸ·̫ԶѾʧȥ˲Ĵ󲿷ֿռ䣬ûκӰѧĸ£Ҳû취äµһĶȥ
ܳϾ˳ңȻٶϴ֡
⣬ѲػʿֱԺź̨ŸֹѪˣѲػʿûܳĸҵģ͸·

ܳɴ·֮󣬾֮ǰʯϿĿӴˡ
ʵʺϵȡ˨ǴNλõĶпȡ˨ǣͬʱиˣNں棬ֻܹȡλ
Ѫ˨ֻẦȣ˲ҲͬҪ
ԻʯҲֻ˶εشӹɶгԶĶȡ˨
ܳɽ˵Сܣϴ˵ȡ˨е֮󰡣Ǿһе
ţܳæͷ˵Σе£ȡѪ˨Ǳпȡ˸СҲȡİɣ
źһڲܳɣҲû˵ʲôѡ˼θƵһԼĸȥˡ
ܳɽӹ˻ʯϵλúٰ죬ȻһֱŹɶNʱ
ܳ΢תһ򣬱ֱǰ
ǰ΢һЩֳֺֺ֧趯
ǰҪһֱѪ㱳
ǰǰѪ˨ȡûãΪ㱳Ѫ˨ԣܳҪ׼ȷȡ˨ָܹ֫Ѫ
˿̵ܳɾȫ̸߶ۡ
Ѫù͹ǿƹؽھ֮ͬǸĻǲ֮ͬѵܴӹɶѾ쵽ǰѾǳˣڰѵܴӾѪ쵽Ѫ
⻹ûѪӰĸ²ģܹһĲء
һѪܣ߹ѪڱڣֻγɶĤ˺ѣ˾ڡ
ڣܳɵĵǰˣҪѪ˨ǰˣܳɼǰЩˡ
ģѪ˨ȴһܹ룬˿̵ķֻ֧ȵܴôһ㣡
ٴһЩҵܾ𲻵ˣֻѪ˨ǰȥ
ܳ̽̽Ѫ˨Ĵ֮΢һǵܱ㴩Ѫ˨棬û߹һʱǰƵʱȴѾǰǰԶ˵Ѫ˨Ƶ˸Զ
ܳԣܻ޷ٴδǱֻܰҳȻʼѾѪ˨
ǲܿ죬̫Ѫܣһ׵Ѫ˨ǰķֲ洦뵽Ѫǻȥ⣬ҪܰѪƵϥؽǰȥ
ϥؽڷǰһֲڣ
̱ҪСģܳСؿѪѪ˨˵ķȻţţڣ
ܳɰѪ˨ǰϥؽǰ֧֮ǰܶͬԭѪ˨صN
ʱܳɲźݺݵһڱ˿ܳѧͽһڽѪҵܵĽͻգԶ
֪ܳɵҴ˿̴ŵǳѪ˨
ң˴Ѫеʱ򣬻Ҫע΢һ㣬ĻѪܹǻпܱѪ˨ԼСѪֱܺͶȻѪ˨˲֪
ܳϣȻͰѵһѪ˨ȡ˳
ѲʦܲٸȡһͺСҵܰܳɶѲػʿҪ
Ѳػʿ˵ãһԥеģϽͿһϸĵ̨
ܳɰѪ˨ȡźԼ⼸㸹˶ûʲôڻʯϳȥ֮ǰ˵˵Ѫ˨ܶ࣬ҷֲ㷺ȡһҲǺܴ
Ҳˣܳʱ򣬼ᣬ˵˫֫ѾкܴĿܽ֫ˣôܳһ֣Ҳûʲôë
ܳɻϸĵܣһܣʱüͷݺһ塣
ԽСĶԽܴӹɶǰԶ㱳ŹǶҪƺüΣ
һ͸ͻѪ˨ҪӾܵ

ʯվܳԱߵʱ򣬴ܳɣСܣѪ˨Ǵȡģ
ܳɲĵܺϸܳԻʯϹƣҲǴֹǰֺһǶԶȡģΪֱֻŻпôϸƽʱʱ򣬻ԪNλÿȡѪ˨Ҳȡֹǰڣ
ǣӹɶҪô·ȷеΪˣ
Σ㱳ġȵĶѪ˨ѾȡˣűѪ˨ҲʱԲˣ㲿Ľ֧ܷͨܳЩź˵ţͰλ˳ΣදûѪ˨֤ɣ
ûжӰֲѪ˨ľλãܳɱص˵ţңѪ˨ˣӰҲ޷ӰȻҪԵزȡ˨Ϻһ廯
ģʯ϶ΪԼǲˡ
㱳˼壬Ǿ㱳
磬ڹɶĵܰôȥȡϵѪ˨
̶ҲܳɽĽʽṹʱ˿ɹλúƽʱŵ㱳ﶼܳǲ˰
һĹ
ƽʱʯϽӴþͱȽ϶࣬ʯϴNѴܹﵽȡ˨ԶˣҲֺ趯ǰԶˣ£Ѫƣһä
Ѫܷ֧̫࣬ǽпȡ˨ķѵʱҲ̫ˣ
ܳͺʯȡ趯ķ֧ⲻרŸʯѿô
ȻܳҲģֻҪҲ˵ף˵͸ͻûµġ
㱳ġܳɷǳȷţȻͿ˳ٸԼʹɫ
̻ܳ⣺ΣҪһǼԱָһ£ҾҲĶˡ
ǻʯʯ˽ûκε˼άűܳɵĽϣȴ˿Ƣ˵ͷ˵໥ѧϰ໥ѧϰ
ʯϾܳǸӣ
֮ǰܳпȡ˨о飬еƣܳɲᡣ
˻ʯϲ֪ǼϴѧҽԺѪƵŽڣҲ϶û취֤ٷְܹӸɹ㱳
Ȼ֪ܳôģǻʯҲʰҲαأ
ʱ򣬲̶ҲˣΣǻҪǹǿƵСһˡԺ˵ǰɣ
̶֪˿Ҫܳɳһ£һ˳ʲô˵ʲô⣬ôҪźԺȨˡ
ȣпܱסźʻʯϺͲ̶
˫֫Ľʻ˽⣬㱳Ҳ֪ô£ðҪõ̤ʵĴ𰸡
ʯϱص˵ܹ㱳දѪ˨ȡĻ֫Ŀٻ߰ٷ֮ʮ󶼲סԺȥǿƣתѪƾУ
ܹܳѶѪ˨ȡɾ͸ھ˨ˣ
ĻһļʻǺܴģ
סѪƣǷǳԵġ
ϾѪҲֹѪϿһжͺˡ
ܳҲϻʱҲǷϻʱ򣬵ٰѵѪܣʲôǻʯΪѪƵΣܳתηλܳپĴεĲڣ
ҵţСֵܣҳӵİɣѪܸܵô⣬ͺڴ·תһ
װǻ֪
ţʯϾͿܳȺζССѪ˨ִѪ˳صĹУһεתĴη򣬿ͷƤ飡
Щڲ̶˿ƽƽ棬Ǵ˿̵ܳɾڴ漣
ȡ˨ܳʯһʼϣ֮󣡷ſɶĽˣ
ʯʮֽŵطԸѲػʿһעͷ
˿ѪѾӹɶͨܳɰѪ˨ȡ˳ĻǾʹţĩѪҺѭѾ򿪣
ͷӴ´
֮һ˿˿ѪȺ󻺻Ǵ۵ʺɫ
ѪܵʺɫʱδؾʹſֲجΣҲ漣
Ѿ˨֮˫֫ر˫㲿˿ѪΣ漣ô


һپʮ ȥǼʶ
ĩʽϰĵ㣬ϻڵλﴦļ
ʱʹ绰ţ˵ǽ찲ҪؼҳԷʹǰߡ
˭õԼ׼ؼҵʱ򰡣ͽӵ˽ĵ绰
һæʣ
С׼ȥﰡ
ҽԺôͰҽԺˣƣŻжõãϹһʣһߡ
ϸϵҽԺʱѾȥ
ȻϿԱֵ߲ܽԼС⵽ôģ
Ƕ֪˵˵
ɫ֧֧ᣬԥú󣬲ſڵС˾ˣҿԽ
Ͻ˵ô£һˣ켱ˡ
ǿеС壬űֵģҲǷӰӽĻҵģ
С壬󲮼Сӣ
һС磬㡣
С˸ߡ
Ͷ綼˫ӣֱϴСС塢С
˰˰֮󣬾Ͳ̥ˡ
߸ӣ˰С֮⣬ȫǸ硣
Ͻ˵˶׷¶ɷĿ⡣
͸æǸ˾ˣ⹫ǰ첻С֣ǼһǼѰ˼ţ˽پСһ
ΪСһڵļ٣û˵©Ϣպ󣬾ʹȥϷɻȥġ
ãͷץԿǡ
ùǺ
󲮴̫Ŀǰɣ̾
һĴ磬ѾˣһûܻȺҲȥ˲ӣرС壬ǹĿǰҵֱ֮Ǵӵľ٣
ʵȨ
Ǽõһˣû뵽棬ֹ֣ˣǶðȻص˼ҡ
ԭǲаȵģȡΪ䣬ϴ󰲶ûˣҾ;̫ˣ˳ɰȣϣܹһȡ
ֻǺȻֲˣȴ쳣ߵСʼͺԭԼǿԼ˵ùãȥ˹
Ϊû˵ġ
˭֪ⰲ͵͵ܻˣ顣
ϵ磬ֱǰѣǴ磬ûˡ
ϵĸף˽ûٻ
ԣĿǰϾǶ簲Ѻĸ簲д
֣̫ԾͶ˸֣аѡ
ǾͲ֪𣿡Ѻɸֵʡ
ЩСһҲû£GǶˣҲΪ˺ġǣ
˭Ըⷢأ
ľˣʱǶȾˣΪûµġͽ˵
̧־ҪˣǱϸȰסˣ˵Ҳǹģֲ˭ǻ뵽׸ô졣
ܹС𣿡Ȱš
ʮգȷм壬ǼҲˣٰһαȽϴ硣ǳûǸǺͰͬŸһϲҲû
ҰȱҵʱǸѾӪɲˣÿ궼һµ٣ݼٻùգҲûë
ǰһڰ뿪ǰȵСƣҲû⡣
ҪεĻֻ˵ʱ
ɴ
ҽô˵ɡ
ôûȥϴѧҽԺأ
˵绰ʹˣ˵ĩ󲿷ֵĽڶȥȥˣ˵һģ²ȫȥ
ǿƵʡڿҵľʡ⿪Ա˳ŵİɣְûɺá


źǰҽԺԺ˵ǲ˵⣬Ī˵ĩˣǹգҲ϶ڼơ
ҴҸҲʵΣߵʲôôͻȻҴ绰ʲô
ξǼƵΣȻе㸴ӣڰСʱǰǼƽӵߣһײ˳⳵˾ƣͼʻôʡϻ¸߼ܣ
⳵˾Ȼ˾ûˣŵһ۾ˡ
ϵеͨ˵ѾϵϴѧҽԺͶҽԺרңڴħϻķɻϣѾȥӻˡ
ǾѪƵĻʯλ֮ʱתԺķռߣĻ˫֫ỵ֫ң߸ҲдˣѾȥҡ

ſڣʯ϶һȺ˵ʵǱǸֶ֫˨̫ˣѾ˴Ѫܵ˨ϥؽԶ˵Ѫ˻ûͨ
⻹ûãԶ˳˻пܻΣա
һС֧˨Ѫ̫ϸˣңû취ӰäµĻֻԲɶˡ
ӴķգѾ͹ǿƵĿˣʺϽ֫
źҲǰѻ˹ȥ֢״ĿǰȽƽȣвٵĳѪ㣬ӦöܴúãֻȵĻ
ǵĻѾǾˡ
ϵôܽĽǣǻʵģ
ʣΣƣȴŻܱסãܲܳŵõϴѧҽԺרҸѾȥˡ
˲ɳУ˿ȥˣҲû˭ǰԤϵȻƣܼʱϹͲˡ
ʯεҡҡͷ˵֫嶯˨֮ƽʱСʱҡǸһĿǰżѹˣ
ȵרҵͨѪҲٹעˣʱļ֯ܲܳܵסҲһ⡣
ھϰ˨ָͨԶ˵ѪˣȻĻ֫Աסߵڱ׵ġ
ȶһжҪÿ˶οС廹Ǹˣһʧȥ˫ȣĪǰ̣ǻѡ
򲻵ѣǲȱ
ԺΣǻܲһİ취֪Ϊǣǣôһ˿أ
ͷǶ롣ϲڿˡ
ʯɬ鱻ָסˣֻ¶һ˫ε

ſڣϵʱ򣬻ʯ϶Աߵź˵Ժһεռ߰Լͼ⡣˵Ҫûܹɱ֫񣬻᲻Բ˶߰
źڣ˵£ǿͲˡ
ҲҪŬ취æ룬˭˭ԡ
ʯ仰󣬾Ͷź˵Ժһ뵽һˡ

ͨͨˣʯõغ
鸴ӣܳɺͲ̶˸ǰԼź˵Ľ֮ɫ
̶˿ҲȺż⣬̨ϵҰп
ȻͿ˹ȻոĿѪΣ
ݴ˿̵ĳΪˡ
ܳҲһѪ˨ͨˣŲȫעظôð
ѾõĽˣ֮еѪ˨ʱǲʺȡģоڣҵܼʵ
֫Ĵһ֮ͨѪӰǷͨ
ͨĻҲ԰Ѵͷβͨôѡ⻹ǽרҵĻʯϡתȥϴѧҽԺȥ취
ԼӣϹܡ
ܳ˵Σǽ㴦һߣȡǶٰɡ
ʯϵõģȾҴɣ
ôһһԾͳûµˣǱǴ֫ģûȽˣԾ͸ܳɴ֣˰æ£ܳɿͬʱܣ
ʯһȣ򿪹ɾʱ򣬷ֻоѪҺڻȻϥؽڴһӣС˸ӺҲѪҺ
͹ˡ
ȻѪ˨ǣ㲿ľѭжͨ·ֻҪһͨȥʱھͲ̫飡
˨ٻ˨ӣпܰ˸
ԣ˨ķգҲǼģ
Ȼʯϱ㿴ܳɺ±һܳļ϶ǰһûйĵ뵽δ֪
һһأٶ˰ٷ֮ʮϡ
ֳԶĵȡ˨ǸѶȵܹɵܹȥᴵţƴܾˣ
֮ǰܳѪпȡ˨ֲһˡ
ͺñˮܶסˣȥûȥ͵ؽ⣬ڹˮĵλԶϽ⣬һһؽԼʱʹѶȣһ
ܳä٣ֱӴӹɶ㵽㱳ģʯ϶ҽգԼʱһţƴͷȻ󴵱ˣֳܾˡ
ѧһ£ţҲԣԼţƣԼҪԲĻԲĻǾ
һСʱ֮ܳɰһȵĶ˨ȡʮһ
ԻҪһЩҲ֮ܳѡȡԲԭ
һ֮ǰûʯϵ˶޲ߵⰡһӾͽˡ
εȷѪ֮󣬻ʯϿĵһɵЦû˽̨Ѫеһ漣äȡ֫Զ˵Ѫ˨һȡʮ˨ӳ
ʯҲǲߺͼ֤ߣȻĹû̫ϵ
ǣȴûʯϿѪƵޣԭѪƵѪ˨ôߵ컨壡
һ̨ޣ۽磬޵ĸ
ʯҲ׼κˣһǱ˲ţԼš

Σ˫ȣӦû˰ɣҪûĻǾˣվһСʱɵĶ¼ҽ飬ԼûҪһֱôš
ʯ˵GΣΣԵһ£һȥͲ˵ļúõؽһ°ɣ̨֫ǹǿƲͷ
ţͻʯϲá
̿˲̶Ц˵Σ⻰ǿЦˣѪƵ飬ǹǿƶ
Ҳã
Ѫпȡ˨ǿƿԴ򣬵Ѫڵȡ˨ǿƵĻǾе̫˵ɵˡ
ͶڻʯͷˣΪ˵ƹ̿϶û취ƣܳǸǿƵģԺҲȥְѪư
ͣɲ̣еֵġ
Сܣߣһȥſڣ˼һϢʯϱֱӰܳҲϣǲҿܳ԰ɣֱӰݱ¶ˡ
̶ΣҲû취Ƶ⣬ܳԡ
Ǿôɡ
ܳɲȥܵΣΣȥе㲻̫ʰɣұϾǹǿƵġ
ʲôҵģ˱˵סȣǵڶ㲻ȥ˭ȥβȥҲȥ͵ȥʯ˼Ҫʵˡ
˼֮ľͽʵܳɲĹġûпɸԡ
ͷȻջˣҲҪûܹõõ²λսʳ
ûǰǲҪժӡ
ֲһݵӡ
̶Ҳ˻ʯϵѴҲ˵Сܣȥһ˰ɣҲи
һ˾һҵſڣʱ޾ͬʱҲԼĿָȡ
ʯϺȵļ𣿰ȵļſһˡ
ʯϻ䣬¡¡һӣһȺ˾Ⱥվ
Ǳδ󺺾߸ټӼ򸾣
һʮͷǰ
Σڵô
ôѾѪ˨ȡˡ˫ȿкܴĿܱסǣųٷ˨ٹעЩҲɱ
ЩĻͻҪԤЩǱȽֹ۵ģĿǰۺסȵϣͷնڿԽܵķΧ֮ڡ
ʯǸ˾ˣԸ쵼˵Ȼһס
Ǿǰѻ˵ϣͬʱҪѷո
˷ɿǿȻǱס
Ͼ͸Ͻ˵ллΣллλҽλ϶ˣһ˳Էʱ䡣ҽԺĶ汸˼򵥵СˣĻһȥԵɡ
ǰһγΣյĿԲ˵ҲпܱסԷ϶Ҫġ
ȻҲ룬ڶûңܷܲЩ뷨
ǣȻҽԺѾ˺£Ҳϸʡ
ʯϸϽ˵ҾͲˣһҪЩβĹҪ㣬ƶҹˡԼȥ԰ɡ
УҪ˵ллɾлˣβܹסȣʵȫСҽĹͣѪ˨ȡ˳ھ͸ý֫ˣ
ʯ˵䣬Աһָָܳɣܳɴ˿̴ſ֡
ܳᣬճʱȻȻرӵˡ
˿̻ʯϿǵתƬ̣˵ǲǻʯϵĶӣרűġ
¸ӣȴǳ顣
Уϴ϶һץסܳɵֿ֣ллллλҽո׾ˣҵĴˣԺõҵĵطܽһֻҪܹ쵽һѡ
ֻǣ˵⻰֮󣬷濴˵۽Ǻ󣬲ͻȻ֣ˣеӡ
Уܳɵ۾Լеܳɻغϡ
ܳҽͻȻһ
šǣܳ˽Լ֣濴򣬿Լ治ʶ
ͷһɤӣôˣȷܳɵݡ
ǵĿӹŹ
ܳȴ֪Щǰûٶ˵ʲôֻһֱͷ˵ЩԼӦġ

صң̶㱨󣬿˿ʱ䣬Ѿǽӽŵ롣
ܳɺͲ̶˾;ܾ˻ʯԷ룬Ȼֱ¥µĸҶȥֱӲͨƵĵ绰
ͨˣ绰һͷȴһŮι˭
ҽʦʲô˰ͬ¡̶ȴȻԱݡ
£϶ǲΰɣҽʦ裬ҽ֣ݡ
֣һͷ˵Ǹƺˣ˯ȥ֮ǰ˵һ£˵ѾǶźˣѾǻħˡ
Σƻ𣿡
̶⻰ϵĶ֮ͣԼææ뿪Ұ뿴ܲٳƽڵķ֣ϸβҲð
ϾܳҪȥԺʿֵ»죬ٲҪڰæ
ǣʱˣмʱڵĵǻʱȴѾˣǻҪǧ֮ħȥ
ûˣûˣ裬ҲЩϢ̶æ˵
ȻƽѾˣôҲûҪȥѾ˵Ƹˣתͷܳһۣ˵ߣȥԼȥ
ãܳɵͷҲǾΪеź
ҲûãԼĻҵλֵܣͿܻһӵźˣ
֫ǲġ
ûڣҲûܼó̵һ棬л֫;̲ݻԺľ񣬻иࡣ
ܳ뵽һ¡
ϰ˫ȫ䣡
죬ԣ̶Ҫһʧˡ
ҵĸңŮ䣬ͬһͨڡ
ͨһˣصˣ룬£
۾Щ΢죬鸴ӡ
Ŀ۽ܳɵϣЩ롣
ǰ
ʦ֣ллſڣܳһܳΪЩĪ
̶ƺϷӦ˹ܳɵļ˵СܣǸҾ˰Ǳ߻أôȥԼ
̶˵ĪĻ뿪ˣȫûܳɵ˼
ܳɵͷ϶Сʺţʦ˵õļ𣿲˵һԷ
ôûأ

죬˳
ǱȽϵ͵İµϣĳͣܳûôעǿεĻӦòرˡ
˼ʻλϸذȥ˵֮󣬲ŵʦ֣ʵҸһ̨ڸûκ֪Ҹ硣
ʦǺԺԼ˵ҪȻҪʱ֪ж𣿡
Ҿã˱û죬ôͿʼôùأ
ã
ԣʵлл㡣
ܳ˸ʻλЩ£Ȼ˽˫ֵʾָʣǣϵĲˣаȣ硣Ǹ٣רŻա
Ȼȥϣ˳ϻˣ
ϵɣˣ
ܳɻû뵽ԭȻҲţȴûκҲû˿
⡣
ţ˵ͷؿųͬʱһʯͷŵˡ
˶֫ˣ϶һӣȺܱסͺ˺ܶ࣬ãԼѡѧҽһѡȷġ
ǰܲʹĥʱԼûܰæԼĸ⣬Լһѧ֣һֱ塣
ôû˵أҪ˵Ļҹƶ̫ԥˡܳɾ˵
ʵھ̨ǰܳɻ΢˷˵ʱ䣬Ȼʱ˷ѣ϶ɹӰ죬ǣҲٽԼһʱ䣬̨Ҷġ
ʵҾʦѹŲҿڵġҵʱҲܿڣԼ˵ˣͻ޳Ȼȥˡ
ʱǺܺµġ
ÿԼµʱ򣬾ͻ방֢ʹӺͱ飬ҲͲˡЩһӣ޾
ǹ¶ʱǼįͺµʱ̵Щ֧
һˣܹܹ¶ǳı־ܹסȣӳı־
Լʱ̫죬Ǹʱ˼άȴѾڳ죬ֻ治һ
һʼͺܹһֻ̣ûĻᡣ
ִĵӺܴ󣬺¸ҡ
ǵҲǡĽӦòܲܳɹϵѡ˱Ƚϱص˵ǲϣ̫ϣյĽ
͵ֻҪܱסȣٱסѾܺˡ
úܿ
ĺлл㣬ʦ֡ٴصлԷθġ

ܳһҹտȶ֮
ܳɲʵ˵ʦãٸ˵ллˣģֻǾ֮͡Ȼҹԣ㲻Ϊ¸£Ҫȥħˡ
Цţְѿֻͨǰֻƽϣܳ⻰͵ְֻװ˷ϢƵģ༭Ϣ
˼ɾ˼ɾ
ȻŹǸ˵ʦ֣ո˵ɶһû̫
ʵˣˣֻǾϢʵ̫⣬еԶԶԤϡ
˵ܳȥϴѧҽԺĻԼȥϴѧܳ˵ĻôܳɼȥħĻôĳ˲׷ϵĲˡ
ƾʵȥʿƾʲôȥ
¸³ҪȥħֱǿҵһʦΪȡѵûᣬ˵˲ƵĴۡܺãҴӦ
Ǵ쵥Էú˵µģҺһʱ䣬϶ææЩˣǰͺˡ
ܳ˵ʱĿ֣أȻ˴ġ
ûμεѧǰܳɾãԼһѧϰһĿԵõȼܡ
ǣͨεѧ飬ܳɿˣͬƽ̨߶ȣȫǲһҰԣܳĵĵľٶҡ
᲻ò̶Ҳ᲻ʦҲ᲻ȨϾҲ᲻ðҽԺ˵ôÿӣҲйϵҲ᲻á
һӣ۾֮ǳǰģΪ˵ǰ
ͷ
ǹϲ㰡ʦ֡ǿЦһظ
Ϊ֮ǰһʱΪ壬԰û̫ʧ̬
Ǻ°ҪҪһ㰡ʦ֣
ҺϣԺơƣҲԺȰ׾ơŸϽתƻ⣬ĵѹסȻֹ˼תƵԼͣظԼ緢Ϣ׷ʺ
ʵܹĴ𰸣֪ˣҽҽų̂ĳ̶ȣܳɵ˾Ͳ
ֻҪһ㣬Լע
Ʋ˰ɡ
һϣ
ԱƿҬ֭

ܳɳҹǳҹܳɾֿѰ˴ͻ˰ҽԺ
Ȼ˵ʦãעŶԼˣһҲҪȥˡ
ټ֡
ܳҲͷټ
ܳȻ˼ܸӵؾԼĳⷿЩꡣ
ʵúܣ֮ǰ˵㻰˵දʲô˼ɳУȥϴѧҽԺʿԺѰȢ֣ҵˣŲˡ
·ֱǰǰĽݾ
ǣȥħӴƽ̨ҰһӰ쵽Լյŵ㣡
һ֮ģһźȿͷ
ȻҲδأܳҲ֪᲻һӣ᲻Ǻüˣǣͨģģ̶ԣֵкȥȢȥǻˡ
ֻҪʲô֮飬ܺãҲС
أ
ܳڵеˣ뿴жȻٿܲϣµʲôһɹҲð

ܳɻؼ֮鷳ҵʱ򣬰Ҳǵ֢໤ҵſڡ
ſڣţǰ׸硣ҲǺһˣ˰֮󣬾͸ϽȰðȻȥϢԱѾ˾Ƶˣʮ֮󣬾ȥƵסš
ICU㻤ǱҪڶʮҪϵſڣֵ֮飬ôصķʽֵġ
˵Ǵ磬Ȼȥ˰
ͷƺǺܿĵӣʣGʼСŶ棬񿴵СܵӰǲУر󰡣˵ȫG
ͷʵһܳɣҪðһµģȻĴһգΪĵģԼ˵ġ
һֱǸ˵е㱿ģȴõǸҶϲ
˵磬ȥħÿ𣿡
ʣ
⻰ͷȴϲĪ԰Ȼ԰Ҫæ𣿻Ҫ廹йøǰæ
óȥúóʶˡͷͻȻȦЩ˵
ûϵʱǾ˵ˣνȥõ˽аɣûͬ⣬ٿһꡣ
ѧûϵʱǾ˵ˣרߵˣǶԺúÿһġ
ȥˡ
ѧʱ򣬾͸óѧġ



һپʮ ĸ֮ӣ
ø磬һ磡ݡǣ䡢½
ֱӦһȡͬĳ˰ȡ
ݺͰ䣬Ǵ󲮼ҵĶӣǺͰ½ǶҰѵӣҵǷĲĺӣġ
˻飬ûӡ
˿̣ڰǰվŵϴ磬ݣ˰ĻϾҪ绰ȥˡ
ȴסƢȽ棬ֻİݣ磬˵ĲڣҪȥҲȥ
˵䣬˷ۣðݼֱҲֱ̫ˡ
ΪʲôҪȥ
˵ɣ
ڰļ
Դϴȥʱ򣬴Ҷлһ⣬ʱ򣬲ǷҲãʱ򣬶ûо
ߵʱǸУڰļԴСѧ꼶꣬ȥСһûپˣҲȥˣȥ
ޣҲƱҵˣֻһ˻û飬ڻڣÿٻǴҴһ֮Ҫȥ
ĸ綼ڼĻԲȱϯҪ飬ҲҪȹ˵
ݲæ˵ͷ˵ŶԣСԶʱļˡ
ֻǣøĻǣС嵽׻ܹܲӣ᲻ᱻǰ顣
Բ𣬴硣Ρ
ݿ˿ЦЦûϵǲ֪㵱ʱ̶ˡʱ󲮻ڣʹҺ϶ˣ
׼ģʱ嶼һ㣬˰
ô˵һЦ
ݽʣ֮ǰСʱǲһֱﰡ͹ùø绰㶼ӵġ
ţһֱԱߡʦҿţž΢ĵ㡣û˵ʵ˵ҴԴ顣
ˡΪ㽾ģҲΪ㽾ݻǵãڸеʱ򣬿̺ʹ࣬ڲǰ˵Ҫҽ飬ȥСҲ˵ģȻŵĲ̣СʵҲһġ
ʱܴǰ⣬ܹڰȵߣǰ顣
ű밲һЩ£˾ICUſڣһֱ˺ܾãȻݲŶ԰˵ҪȥҽϢ˯һ£ϾҪĹ
ûðȥһֱ㵽࣬Ϊ֪ȥҲûΪǸССߣ켴˵ҽ
ȥϢˡ
ڰ뿪֮ס˶ͷʼ绰׷Ǹ˾顣
£ɲôˡ
ݻ߱ԭöԷһӵġ

ص˼ҵܳɣ׼ʱ䣬͸ƽڴ˵绰ȥٴԱ˽ıǸ
ܳĵʵ뷨ƽΪܳɵ·ˣôʵƽúõضྴƽڼٲãҲҪԸġ
ǣȴΪµˡȻǿ͹ԭºҪ绰ʺһġ
ƽڵ绰ǻ˵СܣշѾҽˣǺڴħİ
˵ȻΪأ
ˣϢˣʱҲˡ
Ҷϵ绰ܳɺȻãƽڵľǵǰԼⲻ˵ġ
ȻָܳƷһллϢƲûظܳɾٴһαʼǣȻԵģһΣȻͻĻ˹ϲƣ綨弶
ֻܳ˵ѧڣyyds
վΰ˵ļϣѧϰ׾ٵ顣
ȻģһȼܺܳɾȰЩαʼǷˣһģᣬII
£ҪøԶѭ򽥽ֻԼĻʵ
һţһţȻȫܣʵϣǻӣѧϰϵͳֻܷܿаѻʵˣвУܹݲȡ
ĻᣬǧҪøԶ
IIIѾ֣ȻҲԿʼIIIܵģˣܳɻǾеIIܶģ⵽֮˵IIIܵ飡
ʰһȦܳɾ;˯ۺ顣

xxxxС102Ԫ1202
֣һ׼ʰӣһ߿ưѼõýƺûֵĵطҲֻ˿ɳϣʱעѾڴƣ˫ͨգգ͵ؿżûʲôͼҾߵĿ
ʦ
ʦ
裡
裡

ϵشֻ֮Ƭ
Ҳ֪˶ã֣˸ģȺ˺ü绰ȥ
裬ҾѷˣȻȥħϣ
Сݰ˵ʲôأѷˣȥħɶʱҺһ棬װ壬ôܵر
ħķô˷ӻһ׸ԺҪôŶ
裬裬ϣҿ𣿡
Сݣ˵ʲôɵôϣأһϣ˰֢ң㰡ҷûûˣΪʲôҪĥҺӣ
裬Ҳˣ֣ݿ˵
绰һͷĬ˺þúþá
󣬻۳һСݣԼɡСǸúӣһֱǣˣȥ˵
ƶЩ£ȫǲ֪ġ
ţ˵ƽﲻ˵Ļ

Լʮ֮󣬵֣ݶȻѾ˽ԼĽ㣬һȥħ¥̵ʱ򣬲ãħ򷿣Ҫʸ񡣲ǮͿԵģǮֻסĹԢ
֣Ÿϻ¡
ԭί֮󣬸Ͻ˵裬㿪ʲôЦħķô𣿡
ˣķ֮׸Ǵյ𣬶ʣµǮҲ㵽ҵˡ֣˵
ȥɣȥ飬ȥ﹤һȥȷװ޺ˣҾ͹
֣ݼƽţԼƶʱˣȰƭȥ˵
ץץͷҩʱҪô죿ôô
ңҪȥħĻһܾˡƺȻӵһת֣˵
̧֣Ƥʲô˼
Ůˣɳй㻹ʶҽ˸ѣȻûҲһţҲµ顣
ô˵ҶѾѷӸҳȥˡ֣һ
Ͻ
ô˰ȥϰˡ˵꣬͸Ͻȥϰˡ

ֻǰû뵽ǡ
ž֮պȻ˵ȥԭѧУϰĲʿվꡣ
н˰ǰʮ򣬻һоʽƣȥ
ƾ;֣ʦã㲻ǶѾúúõôͻȻ뵽Ҫȥʿվأ
ȴ֣ݣæ˵ʦ֣ǲǲ֪ڵϴѧҽԺʵֻǩ˺ͬǱҪڣõϿǹ𡣲ȻĻ͵Զְ
֮ǰǰƣ̫ˣҴȥ켸꣬ӻһʱ䣬ٻȽϺã
ȻĻҿܼ֮ûõ⣬͵ñˡ
𣿡£֪
ڶĽѧҽԺǿϳԸģֻҪвʿѧλԣԳΪҽԺְȻţõתòԶְ꣬ΪҽԺÿ⣡
ΪҽԺۺʵ;ٴҲ㣬ǣģֻԸ⵱һҽģȥҽԺⷢȣ
ţҾһȽϺõĻѾмְˣԺߵʱ򣬻Ҫ֧֡˵
⻰üͷһ壬ʣ׼ʲôʱȥħ
˵ʵ˵ҪȥħĹվʱЩõģ;ͲСˣһȥҪôħҪôϼҴڵĻԡ
Ȼڵͻ󣬲ʮ
֮󣬾ʮˣﶼż
꣬·ݡҺϰ˵ˡյ
£ǻаడƻأֵֻһɣЩ޿
Ȼһָоǲһ˫εֺڰħƣǣҪʲôѡ񣬺Ҳҵġ
ƻǾãԼ飬Ҫ΢һ㡣
ֻǣǼ֣֮ƣһ¡
֣ݣȻħˣҾƵģ׸ȥˡֻʱȥǼǡ
˻ǰ󶨵Լ˻
ƾʣ裬ô㵽ʸģ
Ӱϵʦ˵£ܿͰҰˡ˵ڼֻоҲʱʵ˲ߡ
ʦĵ绰
ҽҵİ
ɵˡ
ʮһ·ݵһ죬Ҳֵֵ࣬ܳµһװ󣬾ֱٻؼˡ
˵ȥħ֮ǰҪȻһ˼ңڳԷ
Ʊ¿ʼ׼ϴѧҽԺĲʿģôһ㣬ƺƺֵת˼ά뷨
룬ջʮһţҲԼֵ֮󣬸̶˵ԭί
̶Ǿ÷ǳ⣬ҲûķӦֻ˵Ǻ°Сޣȥ鶼Ƕȥ
ڲ̶ԣȥϴѧҲãȥħҲã뿪
̶Ըȥһչøõĵط
ħķչǱ϶Ҫϴѧõġ
ţлл㰡ʦһ֮һߴְġ
֪ˡ̶ǿסĵĲᣬֻװûˡ
Ҫ˵ҪȥħɳжʲôһĵطĻôǣɳжٶһ꣬ȥħĻƿھҪߣħɳܣɳеĻʱܣһ׬Ǯһ߶鶼û⡣
ֻҪǩͬͿˡ

ʮգ
賿롣
ܳɼ뿪ңٴθɳеʱ򣬾ͿˣԼĸĸѾæһϵĳɹ
Ĵӵ⳴ӽʵ˵ӽ⣬ֻ̫ܸ࣬⳴ӽ
һи⣬ûϴˢڴˣȣƤѾպˣֻûϴ
ȻһϹӵ
µ䣡
裬ôණôܳɷǳ㵡
Ȼ֪ﲻرҲûҪɶµİ֮ǰûãҲǺõҲȥģֲȥ򹤵ġȥʱ仹ȷ
λ͸ĸһϢ
ǰħλʮУ֮Уܳɻ죬ͱܴϼҵȥˡ
ѽħǱߵĲ˶ģûʲôԲߡ
ЩҲ࣬Լ˾͹ˣɱˣ㻹ٴ㡣ɱȡ֮ǰͰ⿻á΢֣˿һֱšżӺͺӵĸӣ©©
˵ķܳӦǲ๻Եġ
ϰǿԼĻ˵㣬㣬Ӱ˵Ļ𳵣ﵽﻹҪһСʱ㲻ˡ
ǹʲôʱߡ
͸Ͻܳɵ䶼˵㣬ȥ˵ȥ緹¡
ʱ̫磬һ𳵵ʱ̫ϡ
ܳסڵﵽسǹĳһСʱسǹվվľǶʮӵĳ̣Ĺ㣬ʱ仹Ƿǳյġ
úúáϰֵ飬ܳҲæӵⶼźĳˣܴţȻٰӺƿӶ
ãȻ˹ϣ׸ôôЩ
ϰֿܳ͵˹ϣѾ˺ܶˣʣһλܳȥ
ϰֺ˵ЩⶼǸ˳Եģ㵽ɳˣǼʦĵַǷһȥ̯ȥ򼸿õ⣬Ĺ
㵽ħҲһģ
Ҫһ˲ôȥ
ܳɾ˵ô鷳ɣϰ֣
ܻ˻֣ҽôͺˣ򼸿ֻ⣬˼ǧǮ
飬ǧǮʮ˶ôεġ
æȻʵҲҪһģ͵úʡҪ̾͵úʡ
ܿˣ˺ԶܳɶںӾԿϰֺԼ᲻ûȥӰ
ܳɾ͸Ͻ绰ȥˣϰ֣ǿȥ˯æһϣȥҵ˾͸Ǵ绰Ƶ
ãĪǿ·עⰲȫϳˣɳ˾͸Ǵ绰
ȻǮҲ绰¸鷳ǰҲ˾ǶҪ鷳Ҫá
ٺ٣㲻ϰжˡ
Ϊ㽾ֵˡ
ܳæ˵ĪҽЩţע壬ʱˣͻ衣
Բϰ֣һȥ濴
ҲҽԺܳͻȻ⧲ؿʼǸˣƺеΪʲôϰϣҽԺˡ
˵ɵ
ǰο㣬첻ãóȥ˸ϣ㵽ſȥúö飬úѧϰѧ㱾¡Ҳ֮ǰ̬
ȻĪģɷֻɣӲ͡
ãԵֿҲġ˰£ϰ֣ǿȥϢ
ʡ
ǰܳɶǹ֮ǰһСʱ䣬Ѿüûڼˡ
ãʱǴ绰ܳæ˵
ҺħꡣܺȻ˵
ܳɵıǻ΢΢е塭
겻ӱؼҵĹԼǷˣ


һپʮ ͱ
ȥسĳһСʱңسĻվֱɳгǼ·վҪʱĸСʱʮҡ
֮ǰܳɸϱƵʱֻʱҪСʱҺáܳɻ˵ǰسûͨٵʱǴسȥһɳУʮСʱࡣ
ѾǱȽϷͿˡ
ڻϣܳɾһֱ㣬׻ûûǵû飬ȡȥħ֮ǰá
ȨͶϾ˵˺ܶˣٴͣҲˡ̶Ƶĵǲɵ͵ìܣ
Ҳ˵ˣʮһĩʱ򣬲̶ǰѿľ۲͸ˣľҲˣ
֮⣬ܳɻ˲̶ҪҪϺк̶˵أܳɱû˵Ͼ̶ҲеϺ֮Ľ鲻óȻȥοܻΪܳȥŪġ
ǱߣܳŰݷùԶڱʾΪ԰׵ĿͷлҪ붡ֳԷָˡҾ߮磬Ҳʮһµ׽֮󣬾ͳ׵սҽԺѧϰó̡
ʵʵڵؽˣʮһʮһյӣ߮ѼҶˡ
ȻܳɻбҪ˵һģˣ˸Ϣظˣܳɾûٻعȥ
ܳΪеͷ۵ľǣԴ˰ԼҪȥħ󣬰·һģĲ죬֮Ļظ඼ҪСʱ졣
Ҫôǰȥˣ˻ظȻܳʱʱͨѶʱҲУɲࡣ
оǣ˵ܳҪ뿪ɳħʱôʮûٿ˵ˡ
ܳڳЩ󣬾ͻǴԼһ¡
ȥֻиƺͲ̶һһ飬ȻϾȨһһ⣬ԼµģֻһϹ޵ˡ
ҲȻĻܳɶ֪Щܹܲɻİ죬ʵڲУøǩȥС
ڣʱ1249ֵʱ򣬴سֱɳгǼ·վĻ𳵵յվȻ٣ܳɲûиϾȨ˵
ܳɱǴģϾվʱܳɾͳĿĽ㡣
ɲǣ
ֻȣҲڴһһ䣬һϹ޵ֻƴᣬʵĿܳΪݳ޵ؽһ⳵
Ѳˣʮ顣
سǵɳеĳȫƱҲһٶʮ߿ë
λؼңܳɸдľǣǮò
Ϊ˵ҪȥܸܳɵĿ飬˵ЩǮΪãѧЩʱٴ
ܳɱǲҪģ˵ȴţ϶õŵʱܳҲʹˡ
֪ȥħĿСǾʲôܳɻûȥԻ᲻֮ǰϲһ£ħҪһԼڰҽԺסķӡ
ÿ׼ǧɣȻܻҪһСʱĵͨڣ
ҪͽһģķӣǾҪ׼Ǯˡ
ԿˣԼ֪ȥûסˣ̫ˡ

ϾȨӣֵ𣿡
ûֵͳһԷˡܳס˾ͽһƵ꣬Ⱥ淢һλ
ϸµ°£ܳɾĥԼķ˵飬³̺˵Ȼûǰһ¸֪⣬Ҳǰ˰¶࣬³̻һѺ
ҪǣܳɵǰѷʰãܳҲʮһµ׵ʱ򣬾ͰԼˡ
ʵðʧ˵ƽƭ߳ʲô⣬ͣ˰ҽԺߵĹ࣬ȻְϴѧҽԺĶиˣ൱ھǹעһˡ
ȻԺСǣܳҲֻѡƽڲʳ֮ˡ
ϣСȺͻظˡ
ܳɸ磬ҽֵࡣϾԴǸػء
Ϲˣܳɸ磡ȨһѾ˼ʻλƬ
ҪǴȥ԰ɣȨӡܳɿ˵Ļظ顣
ʲôֲúȾơ
ҲԲʹ졣ȨϾ;ܾܳɵ˵ȻֱܳסľƵȥ
Ȩ֮ܳɾע⵽ȨĴŴ磬֮ǰʱʽͳ죬ɫҲ˵ḡ
ȥĶԣѡطɣȨӡܳɴһӣ׼úõسѪ
ϵķɻʱƻϾ˶²̨ҲҪȥħԽһʵĻᡣ
ѡط߰ɡȨ˦ͷʾܳϸʻλ
֮ܳȨͲš
˵ص֮ܳҿôôطе㲻̫ԾʲôطôŲǳԷİ
Էû˼ǺǺǺǣȨЦ
ܳɸ磬Ҹ˵ۡ
ܳŵһ£ʱˡ
գȨûЦܳһҺʵ֮꣬󣬵һЩƷȻٽƿСס
ܳɸ磬ķɻɣ٣ҺϾ綼ȥʦˡ
ǰףǰ;ƽȨžƱ˵
ܳɵͷллȨӡ
Ժʲô㣿˵ǹҵ֮󣿡ܳʡ
ܽ˾ȥ۰ɣѧҽԺǺġȨԼ飬ûҪ˵͸
ҲܳȨĻЩ͸ӡ
ʵϣȨҲһȽϺõĳ·˵ȥ˶ʿʿ
ȥأ
ҵ֮Ҫôȥҽе˾Ҫôȥ˽ҽԺˡҪôȥҽԺ򹤣ǵȶġ
һȥԺԺҪ֮ûôĹͬ⣬ǾͲˡ
ܳԼ߶ûãҲûȥȨʲô
Ϲ㡣϶Ȳܳɸ
ܳҡͷǲһԺôǼѾԶѣħ飬ħʱҡ
Ҷҵ֮󣬻ˣҵһʱǳȾƣòã
ǿ϶ǺõȨӦţʵҲûס
ҵʱʱҲô˵Ȼһҵûټˡ
żҴ·˵ĳУҲǸǣ
һڡȨƱܳɡ
ȣ

˶ûûȶֻ࣬ǺһСףƿơƣ˲ûʶҲ΢еƮƮġ
ȨӣǴ򳵻ȥ
ãϹء
ͬʱ˽г
ȻҲ֪ܳûǲãܳɵĳӽһЩȨȡˡ
ܳɾʦȨ͵С¥£ȻȨӰûеģҲ֪ûŷĵظĿĵأ
ʦ˵ĵĿĵĵطԶǻһ˴һҿֵҲûô
ܳЦЦʦһؾƵɣлл
룬ʦȻǻᣬежȤ㲻ġ
Ӧһ˰ɡ

ص˾Ƶ꣬ܳɲźϵ
ʦѾɳˣסߵľƵ꣬ҶԸȥһȥܳɾȴƵĵ绰
ƺæòɿӣص£㵽ɳ˰ĻƱ
ˣ졣
ǺãﻹһЩ飬Ҫһ£ȥħܵ㵥ȥˡƺȻ˵
ܳɺ⡣
ȥħҪԼȥƲ˵ҪȥôʲôܱȵȥҪأ
ʦǱѾϵˣ֮ͬѧģ㲻ûطãҵȷһЩ顣ΪܳǾԼˣ˼䡣
ʦڼ㡣ܳæ
֮ûŽȥ̶ƣΪ컹дʱ䣬ƻԼһߣʱȥƼʱٰѶƾͺˡ
ǲȥˣͲȥˣ
ƾһͬܳҪȥ
ܳɿһ¥ʱƵɫһ壬㱻ܳɸЦˣҲǾΪ˸İɣ
Ȼ֪ܳһ⣬ϵġ
ǵģʦʵʦûҪæĵطͻȻı⣬϶˼ֵ⡣ܳæЦţȻƵ
һ󣬶ʣʦҿţûвķɣ
ųɡǳ顣
УŲѧһЩ߰˼άҲݲؽ飬ŻŮѣһôҶ֪ġ
̶ƽûٿЦʵ̽ڷ磬ڿ
Щ˵˵ţҥԶܱġ
ãõģʦûǲ˼ܳæͷϴʵǲ˼
ȻѶ³ĵ֮󣬲߳˿
ºúôܳһ󣬵ܳɰ飬ɳ߲Ҫ¹ϵ
ȻĻ鷳أȥħҹʱġ
ܳԣ̾һʦ˼ǣ
ܳɿɲɵƵֻƬУҲܻ뿪ɳȥħ˼ĻƲô˵
Ҳʱģ㲻ùô࣬Ҳ𴫿е׾ˡְѻһתƺֻΪ˵ܳɣ빵ͨ
ܳ˲ϲħϤ˺ûϤˣȫһĸҲȥħĻǾ̫ˡ
ʦιȥħҪЩɶҪҪʦǳԸɶģ֮ܳǰһֱΪƻһͿǣߴţϾˡ
Ʋȥˣôֱħȥܳɻ治֪ôȽϺá
ƾŹֵؿܳɣЩ˼άǴģΪʲôһȥҪʦͽǳԷ
ѵ㲻֪һоʦ³Աʱ򣬻һڵľۻô
ѵпҲصĸƻл
ܳɾЩ˼Ҳ˵Щ̸ܽģֻ˵Ͼڲǰһæ
ڰæɲΪ˳ģǿŸֺһףȻȥ˾Ͳ£ȫ᱾ĩ˼ά
ȥ֮Ҫʲôֻȥ˲֪Ҳ֪ʦǶʲôšһжָӾˣʦƽ̨ڿϣٴзǳʩչᣬúðվˡƶضؽ̻ܳɡ
ܳæͷֻĻЩؿơ
Ĳ֪Ĺذ밡ƽǽڣһħԺĽڣֺٵ˼˶ҪͿģϸԺʿҪôĴദܳȫû顣
ӴͽϼֻƺͲ̶꼶ӽȽϺýӴ̶ҲΪŵˣǲ˶̶һ

ܳʱȻҲһػжȹˡ
գܳʱǳհһ͸˲̶̶ǲյģܳɾ˵ԼҪȥħŲ㣬ò̶Ѷ¡
Ȼܳ׼ȥ˷ȥȵǻʱ򣬲̶صܳɵļ˵Сܣúøɣһúܺõġ
ȥħѧϰ⣬ͶƣԺʿڣҪʲôĻ㻹ǿԸҴ绰ܹæһ
̶˵⻰ʱܳһִ·𰡣ԼԵĲǲ̶Լϼ·վԼǰ
ȻܳʶصͷͷܹȥˣȻת뿪Ҳûѻ̶绰飬ΪܳɵܹӦҪʳѣ˶ĺã顣
ȻϵĻҪ˵Ưġңܳɴ㣬Ժʱ䣬ڣҪ̶绰꣬ԵŰݷõġ
̶ȻܳΪҪԭ̤ǰɣǿʱפǻͷһɡ

ܳɻ˵ǻƣĬĬںŵǻܹСʱܺ˵绰ʻжòŵǻ⣬ûʹˡ
ûʣ֪ܳȥְܴȥˡ
̶ûʣΪ̶֪ܳϽ̨̨ǵ̨ĹУϾȨ̨ϡ
ʲʣܳɾ;ûôҪˡ

ɳеħеó̲һ뵽Сʱ֮䣬ܳ˵ĻƱۺա
Իѵʱ΢˵㣬Сʱʮӣɻء
ȻֻͿ˱Ƚ϶Ϣѯʵġ
Ƶģв̶ģҲжϾģȨġ
Ҳаġ
˵ϢĲ඼ǵ˷Ϣߴ绰֮ġ
һлͼƬͼƬУһ꿵ԺƬԱ߻дѵӭԺ
֣Ժҽ˼ʵûü㣡
Ϊллİģ
ܳⰲΪ飬ûüƽڡ
û£翵ԺãӦûаɣܳɻء
ܳ뿪ҵʱʮһµףʱѾˣҰѾյϵͳĿҰѼƻ鶼ˣŷٻؼһˡ
ʱûٻؿˣԾͲ֪ǰȳԺӡ
أĿǰ˫ŵļѾָ֮ǰķ֮һźܿܺġظġ
ҽӦѾ˰ɣ
˿̣Ѿ˱ûп飬һΪףԼԺûΪҲܿͺܳɵľĿƷ
пٹӵĿԣ
ԣ͵ˣףԺ֮һֱֻܳɵĻظ
ãĸǶԣûκˣ飬Լ翵Ժʱ򣬳˿ģһظ֮С
֮ǰȻҶ˵ûϵܻһֳĸоѹؿڣһִĸо
ţء
Եһ°ͬѧ绰ܳϽһ䡣
Ȼ˵绰ڵ֪ԼҪһ˻ڲĵܵںڵλ֮ܳʵˡ
ɳлǻûͨ
Ŀǰֻ·
Ҷϵ绰ںĶλ»ظͬѧ֮ǰ㽲ģѧƵͬѧħоɣʦʦֶ
Ҳڵʦֶ˸ЦĺܿģƽǲῪЦġ
ɲ˵İɣȻĻҵðʦʦˡǲסܳæͣȻѰǾϢɾˡ
ȻɾǱߵǷݣǣ㶭ںˣҲ뷨
/ţʦ֣ʵʦҲҵʦ֣ǲô˵æ͡

ܳڻڲ˺þãԲ̴ȻνĻڵĵվվڵĵ˶ںλá
ں۾ܳɿʱ򣬶ںҲ֡
磡ܳæشк
ܳɣԺǻְɣҽܳɣ㺰ںȻĻҾʦģСʦˡںֱӸܳɷһ˵
ڵĶںԱϴںʱź̸ܶࡣ
ǻˡһҪƽܳµı飡
Ȼӿ͹۽Ƕںܳʦûǣôеʱ˰ͬѧһӸһ֪ĻΪܳжôƵġ
ܳɣҰɡȥҽԺľƵ꣬ˡ
Ȼٱ߱˵ںܳȥ
ħ˼꣬ضǷɻԶﻹǱȽģֻڰ·ϣܳں²ۣںתʵͶ̾Ĳж˰
ôɳеĵϵͳȽϺãܳɸŶںת˳оٳ2km
ںЦ˵ɳܹߣתȻ鷳ʵ⻹ǱȽϺõġ
ȴ򳵷㣬ǰҽԺиʦһȥһСʱ򳵵ıǾתһСʱҵʱˡ
ǲ𣡡ֻܳ˵ħ磬ⲻ˵ġ
ʱҲرܳɾڸһȽͨľƵ꣬ҲˣģҲǺɳһٴ󼸵־Ƶ൱ľƵ꾹Ȼİٶһϡ
ǰ̨ķԣɳкõöࡣ
¶ܳɾʣںȻԷ̫ĻӰϰɣ
ѧоÿ춼ֻҪȥʵҾͺˣɱȲǡںЩ˼˵
ѧоٴֻʵңʵٴӴú٣˽Ҳࡣܳ˵ƺܳûȥ
ܳɾͶʱԼ·ǸһЦЦ˼ں
ںҲûʲô͸Ͻ˵ܳɣҴȥһȽڵĴ˹ݰɣҾֻǵθ
ʡʹʡй֮ͨûĳˣûġ
ģںܳףֻǰоãԼҪѧĶʵе̫࣬ȻԼˣʵôУôҪЩʲô㲻̫

˶֮󰡣ں̵˻ϻӡ
ܳɣһΰΪʦҪѧҵƻˣ
ܳڸںˮ⻰еţںɱҡ
ܳǣҵǸɶ˰
Ҵָñӡ
ģţҪʦҲҪֻҪһʦø㣬ȥĽˣ
ں˵˸š
̰ܳˮɫŹ֣⣿
ʦ
һϵʱˣ߳ˣεЦͿ˰
ƾǰϵѧҲҪħĻǿ϶嶤飬ƽ˵˻˿ͷԼܱȵʵʦͽ֣
ܳҲż˵ںȰܳɲҪżȻŻ˵
ʵǿĲʿ֮ǰͰãҲǰϵõʦ
ʵҲˡأ
Ϊĳ֣һôʿʦҪһΪܹĲʿϸ޵ģ
Ȼأʦֺһš
˲ˣƾʲôʦҪƽ
ȻϾ˵ˣвʿǹƽģҶһͬʡǰǩ֡뿼˵·ˡ갡еĲʿֻܿƵġ
㣬ٶ£ȹ֪ʶһء
ôһ㰡һЩѧǶˣƽ飬⣬Ϊ뿼˵·ߣҲĲʿʦߵ·ߡ
ͻȻ뿼ˣôµûڳԵıԹصĻϣھ벩ʿѾûмµʱˣٸϰɲһü
һʵΪƽġ
뿼ƶȣǴ󲿷ԺУղʿʱƶȣҪΪر˶ʿоֱԣԵ֣൱ڱеҪ뿼˵Ŀ꣬Ȼף
ھصҽѧҲкܶ˾ܹﵽĿꡣ
ô˵һģȻǵúܶѧˣǰôģƾʲôҪͻȻ仯
ڵأܳĿɿڴȻϽʡ
ΪںҲˣҪ뿼ˣǣsci£һҪarticleʲômetaŷǲõġ
һƪCSCDûܳɣԿ
Ҫ뿼˵·ߣҪ˸ѹѪˮ
Ľǣǩ֣ڶȫҸƾ£
أʦ͵͵ˣʦǸѧĻǾûˣˡںĽص
ܳɣ
Ժʿôĵ˵Ҫƽ˽ﶨȻԼﶨ
Ҫ˵ľΪ
ǣܳΪǸȦӣ;еˬ
ܳɻе㵣ĵʣںʲôɣ
ᰡһЩʿǸ˿ĺģһЩרõġ
кܶϽڣʵܴʿֻΪʹˣûʵˣͲˮߵѧˡ˵ĻǻлȨġںֲˡ
׵鶼У˵ڶˡ
ܳ룬Ҳе
϶ѾôˣӦˣ˵䲻ģѧǱ֣ѧǾΪҽѧĽȣ㲻ҪڲԸȥѧ
ѧһõʦѣõʦҪҵԿڵѧҲѵġ
ûҵԼ̵ģûҵθڵģҾʹ״̬ѵдô
Υͺã
ܳŷͶõǷǳǵĻôܳɻԼӲù
ԺڿﱻԣĻǾνˡ
ʦǲǾҪȥμӿˣܳʡ
ܳô˵ںʹ˴ͷǰˣһֱǸŵģΪʦ֮ʦûоֻһʿ
ȫΪӦ񡣡
ʦ˵ʦȥμӿԵģֱӶʦ˵óԣͼҪԼμӿȥ
ͷʹʦǿңһС桯ҪȥʿԹӺʹںʵҲģȻƽûڣȡһµġ
ִһʦܣöںоĺѣ
ǿһٸʿ
Ÿ
˶ҽѧһؽǲں
ܳɶʱͷƤһ
ŵľԺǿһֻվŸʿҲδ̫˰ɣͶںܣһ˶ʿожʮ
һǾԺڲģԺġ
ںħҪȸЩʲôûиŰܳɽ˱ȽϹؼ⡣
Ҳáںҡҡͷ
ʦֻ֪㣬ʲôû˵Ҳæɣһʱû˼ɵ
ûϵܳɣзӣԹһסǿҪڴԸǸ˴̫Сˡ
ȻҲں˵
𣿡ܳʡ
ں˵ʵҪ賿żҪȥʵңĻ鲻ʣҲ鱼Ҳд£ǿȣҪһȽϰĻⷿӱȽϺá
Ƿ΢еǧһ£ƨط
Ϊд£УҲֻˡ
ŶԭܳɶʱоԼǮܻò˶á
ں㷢˼ƪˣ
ƪںе㴹ͷɥ
ܳɺתߣ
MD
ǣ


һپʮ ɧ
ǺͶںͬѧڵĶںһ˿εĴܸУܳĺתߣͶں档
̶ûںô淲ѧһס
ֲܳûмоҲû˽ħ֮ǰܳɾͱȽϸµشһЩѧ⡣
ɳаҽԺϾɳ˷ǲ̶Ϻ˶ʿоǻΪһƪsciŬš
˵ﾺƱȽϴѧ˶ʿغͶ棬Ҳƪsci
Ͼ˵صĵڶƪ¾metaɳ˷ͶϾдҲMeta֡
߾ٴѼһЩݣǿһarticle͵£ͼΪоˡ
˶ںôƪsciǴأ
ǰҽԺΨһһѧ͵ĲʿӶҲֻǷƪsci
һƪѧ˶ʿڼ䷢ģǿ4һƪ3ӰӶ̫ߣֻǸպôﵽ˲ʿҵҪ󣬵ƪͨmeta
ǹڵĺڿҲsci£кܶ͡
һࣺoriginal articleԺٴ£ձڷ£ǰհԵһоȽѣдµ㡣
ڶ࣬case reportҪǷһЩȽϺĲڼʵ£Բǿࡣ
ࣺreview articleǶĿǰĳһּƻǷƵĳһܽµ˴඼ҵĴţǿбȽһЩˡ
ࣺMetaanalysisMetaMetaѾ˼ʮʷõҽѧʱ䲻̫ڷǳˮһ£ͣǱһּ͡
࣬Letter༭һţ¾ѾsciĵĲ磬ҵ˾ͷ༭Ȼԭ߽лش
sci£֮⣬з
µķͬڿӰӾġ
ڿӰӼ㣬ڶǰ귢ڵǰƽô
һֿӰԽߣҲ俯صױԽߣһ˵ЩױоɹӰһҲӳÿѧˮƽߡ
ڻȽеsciпԺ˷ǸݲͬڿӰзġ
һڿƽӰӵǰ5
ǰ620
ǰ2150
51100
ȴͳJCRеģһģռٷ֮ʮ壬Ϊ
ȻҪʿȻҪһЩ֪ʶŪףΪЩ϶ڶ˶ʿͲʿĹУϢϢأʱóд£Щ֪ʶãǾͽЦˡ
ˣں㷢ʲô͵İ
ˣں˰֣˵ҾֻǷ˵ˮûʲôʵϵ塣ӰӶǸλֵһᡣ
ں˵꣬ŵĲʵ飬ʵֻڴһ֡
ʵԵժȡǰоѣ㲻ʲôģֻҪʵһʱ䣬ˮģܷ
ܳɣ
Ҳ׵İɡںͱǫˡ
ܳںѸλӰӵµ£˷ۡ
ǿЦòã
֪ϴѧ£ֻҪ͵ģһºûǮһϵ£ʮ£һӰӣѧУĽһ򣬵ѧٲʮ֮һ϶С
ǳʮֵĻѧУĽ1.5w/֣
ӰٸߣǸǿһõʮĽЦİ
ں˵ܳɣҺǫʲô˵Ķʵѣƪsciʵҡ
϶һĿǺͬѧȣԲռơҪȥʿĻ㶫Ĳġ
һЩרҵ͵˶ʿóĶࡣ
ںҡͷЩɥ
һ죬֪ģѾƪʮϵˣһǸרҵ˶ʿ֪ƪʮϵʲôô
ɼóȥڶ´ˣ
˵ƪˮˣʮƪʮƪһƪ¡ںεͷ
ܳɵһ㣬£ΪϣʵΡ˵µӰ㷢ܱȵϵġ
һ£Ҳ㼸ƪܹȵġ
ڻ۵пԺķ
Ӱǰٷ֮һ飬·ѶȣǼƪ¿Աȵġ
ȻҪҲһڿܱȵġ
ðɡܳҰ죬¶˲֮ɫ
ͬһˮƽˮ׼ͻߣǲһġ
ڰҽԺֻҪǷsci˶ֻţƣǵ񷢵²࣬ӰӣҲڿߵĻ˵ڵġ衯Ƶġ
ȻôеţܳɿںѾţˣȥҽԺĻĪ˵غͶˣɳ˷ͶϾܺԿġ
ƪ͵sciԽѧҽԺǺܴġ
رȽעءСھصʱΪһִ޷ʱĳ͵ñʱ̭
Ȼ˵ҽջβˣǣôȷдµЩѧԣдµʱھǣʱܰǵˣ
Ҳܹͬھ㡣
ñ߮磬ᷢ°ɣź񶼷˼ƪȻ˵ٴô
ϴѧҽԺѪ򿰱Ƚڡ
ôôħߵĶţǲġ
ںٸ˵˵ȥҽԺĻҪעЩʲôûһЩȽţƵЩܳɱȽӵġ
ڰҽԺʱܳɾͳԹģһֱȥͶϾǿ϶ᱻ̶˶Σ
Щǲˣȶ㿪ûҪӲŸա
ں͵ܳɣʵҲԸ㽲Ҫǣ˱Ƚ϶ֻ࣬ѧоԶһЩʦֺʦܣͬһʦģϲȫ
ܸ㽲ģһЩȽģиεģ͵ȥھˡ
ʹһҸ㽲ɡ
㣬ͷһݵġںȾ˴Ĵָ˵˶ҽѧʦ˶ʿоо꼶רҵ˶ʿоǿΨһһѧٴͷĴ㡣
˵ڶѾԳ濪չ˶ҽѧIVˣĻŵ㣬λ㣬Ƣ΢е𱬣⣬ǲϺȣȻпܻᱻ硣
ţǱ磬ᱻ
㡣
ܳɵ˵ͷסˡ
ֻǻǸŮӣôͳ˴أ
ںʱ򣺡Ȼһ죬ڵڶݶӵѧоǡ
Ȼһʿ꼶ʦ֣ŶӰĿǰѾڿﳣؿչIIIСεĳƺҲǿд֣Լ˽˾ŸмȻѧŶʦ壬д顣
ǰ꣬ԼĿСϿ⣬о׶Ҳ뵽൱ڹԼϿĸ
УмС⣬ѵ壬Ͼߵsci˵Сڰ㲻ĸ⣬͸ͷһƪ¡
ĿǰߵӰʮŷ֣ͣ
Ŀǰʿ꼶һţ
˵⣬ںһˮ˵ǰʿ꼶ʦ֮⣬һڶţˡ
ţܳϷ
ôǲأѵֱܳʡ
ʿѧ꣬ѧУ˵ϴѧʿѧƾ꣬壬ǲǱӳٱҵ
ǣλʦ־ǲʿûҵҲ£ʵҡɱСλǰʦ˵ˣ
ʲô˼ܳɸˡ
֮ǰ˵ʦרҵ˶ʿüãʦ嶼úãֻǺ֪ôȥʵңڻû
ʦǰ˵
û£û磬֪ڸʲôҲˡںҡͷ֮ǰƾѾ뿪ˣλʦѾ˲ʿԶٴ
ֻȻܹٴĴ˵ʵҺ󣬾ûٴˣҲ֪ʲôǲ£ϰжûá
ʵƣ͹µʸˣ֪ڸʲô
ںֵȻֻλʦ֣Ȼ˵еˣʵҫ۵ģλʦ֡
ʿ꼶һλʦ֣ԼѾ뵽һСʵҡҽԺְƲеĴûԼ뵽Сʵҡ
Ժˣʵ飬뿪ҪҽԺ
һһʦܣĿǰƪsciĿǰѾдˣٴҲʼӴIIIˣ˵Ǳʵϰʱ򣬾ͱһλʦˣһֱڿѧϰ
һһλòǷBMJģУģ˵ǵһߣǵһߵʦϵʦ˵ʵǵһߡĿǰѧ֮ȻûиʲôţȻСơ
٣һ˵һʵϰ棬ҲмӡһЩٴͬѧҪôǷɵúܸߣҪôսս
Ϊ˵׼ʲôʱðһУŴ˵Ƣɺˡ

ܳԣЦЦ
ǿɲĻ£Ƣܲ
走ʦʦţˣʦʦ͵زУðʵϰǲƢܲ
ͺñһ˾ľµĸƸˣΪƸɥʧţƢҲɺˣ
ţֻܳ˵ͷ
ҪܳûؽӴϴѧҽԺоͲʿǸʲôˮƽҲû׼оˮƽ̫ˣôġ
ȻܳƽӴоЩɣɳ˶ϾЩ˶ʡҽҩѧֱоɼҲôãȻȥ˵ȥˡ
ҽѧϴѧʡҽҩѧǱȺҽѧҪ΢һ㡣
ȻʵҽѧʵϴѧĲһһΡ
ϴѧҽѧۺʵħҽѧԺȴҪѷһˡ
˵ʱ򣬷Ա½˲ˣûȾơ
ҪǶںƺûкȾƵϰߣֻܳʣں˵ȣҲͲǿˡ
ɣȻں˵Ĵ˿ԣܳɻǾһζɳҲдˣվǱɳвڵĴһζ
Ϊչ˵˵Ŀζˡꡯ
ȻܳҲرʳǳԵñģҪȥ˵ģںΪ˾֮꣬ǲͬܳͣܳɵҲûǿ
ԺӻȥĲ˵ģ棬ʮʱپۻʱ򣬶ںԸ̸Ѿܴ
뿪֮󣬶ں԰ܳ͵˾ƵſڣȻŹ綯סķ
ٻصƵܳɴ绰ĸƽȻٺ̶˵ԼصϢ
ܳſʼⷿϢ
ݶں˵ѧУûסԼסԺѧϰкôǱȽϱҪġ
ֻǰڸⷿӣĹ󣬻ϱɳлѵǮ࣬ȴⲻĵ䣬ָģܳɿСĲʮƽס
סˣŽ棬խĿռ䣬һֽڵѹȸС
Ȼھⷿӣ۸϶ħˣô˵Ҫظɳаɣǧ飬һײһˡ
ܳĵЦһ
Ȼֿܳʼ˶ں˵ģħڷµĽ顪
G㡣
ħѧУ£ѧУȻ³ѧУĽ֮⣬ҽԺҲ
ѧԵ˫Ǯ
Ŀǰ˵ģsci⣬ѧУҽԺҲ
أûһı׼˵ںǲûӴ棬ΣֻõһҽԺģѧУĽûõ
ԣҪôǣƽڸˣҪôûﵽ׼
ƺԺĽһһ
ôһĲиƪĻпܹѷˡ֮ǰֱ˽⣬ƺơ
󲿷ʱ䣬Ǵʵң߾ٴУͲ֪׻ôԼˡ
һ㣬Ǿǵˣ϶֮ǰڲ̶ôɣǿ϶ģ飬϶㵱סʱôɡ
ΪѧҪٴıְҪűҵ飬ʦһЩҲҪȥ
֮֮ɡȺú˯һȻٵ֪ͨͰŰɡܳţ˯ˡ
գܳɺˣҪûз˯ò̤ʵ
쵽֮ҲֱӸƽڷϢߴ绰ΪϷɻǰ͸ƽڷ˸ţԷһֱûأֻжںԼˡ
˵˵ƽȥ˼
ȻܳҲǹƽûԼԥҪҪƽϵϾԼѧģƽԼ̣
ʱ磬ƽڻò鷿Щܳɾûż
ĵس˰СʱͣСذԼʰã·͸ɾ·ϴֿ֮󣬿˿ʱ䡣
Ѿǽӽ˾ŵӣܳŸƽڷ˸ϢȥʦܳɣѾħʱ̫û
ܳɱĴǺһħȻưƽγԺʿ˵ġͼƻб䣡
ħԺĲʿʮµѮֹڴ֮ǰƱѱ꣬ȻܹȥμӿЩ
ƽܿͻع绰ˣ֮ɫСҶæˡ
ǰƾ͸˵飬һΪǽϵķɻܲһˣڹǿĲ칫㡣
õģҾҽԺʦܳæͷ
Ŷ԰ƽ˵ҪԼԿܳɲž֣ǲƽͼ
ֻģεºܹܵ˴
ţǺðɣȹҾڰ칫㡣ƽ˵꣬͹Ҷ˵绰
ܳҲǿƣ֪ǿĲʲôطǿߺ¥Ҳ¥涼ãǿ˵ر͵ͼʱ͵λá
˹ǿĲܳɻסˣŽɵؿܳɵͺʣŰܳɴΰ칫ҵſڣƽڽӴܳɣſغܳɻ˻֣ʾܳɿԽȥˡ
ѿصΪϸҪɳаҽԺʲô˶ôֱɱȥˡбĻôͲŵȥ￪Ц
ҽԺǲһ
ƽڵʱ򣬷ڵǰ濴ģܳһȻһƪ˶ʿҵģƽܳɽ󣬾ͰԼıʼǱˣȻܳ˵С֮ܰǰӦøǰϢġ
ҲʱŸҴ绰ʱȥ˸ļԲҽԺߣʱں˵ˣרȥ㡣
һʱѾ賿ˣԾû绰ˡ
ʦҪչ㣬ɲ֮󰡣ǰҵС氡ƽ˵ţҪܳɵˮ
ܳæվӹһԵĺӣȻװƽץĲҶˮ
ܳɲŸæصʦɲô롣ҲǾõʱ̫ˣԲôŵϢܺںȥңѾʦҷˣҵöл
Ͷں˵ʱܳɿӦͲ̶˵ʱܳɿװɵ㣬ϾȨ˵ʱܳɿԴ֡
ǣƽߵĹУܳһֱģ˿Խ֮
˵ȻͿ
ƽɨܳһ֮󣬲ζ˵ɲҷԸںȥģںܹܳӡ̣ȫСԼĸ
Ͼ˭ϲרҵ棬һֱôãҪôֵøݣԻȥٿģ£ѧУҲǳ
вˣΪѧҽȤѧؿģ١
һֱôãһֵģ
ܳƽôҲ֪Ǹ˲źãҪ䱸ΪãǰɵЩ£ƽڿδʲô£ϲѧҽԳȥ
Ǵ󲿷˼άҪܣȻһУҪԵһУԼĸȤʲô
ܳɾ˵ʦǶǰ£ԡ
һ־ԼƿԼ˼Ϲ֡Ҳ˶ˣҲˡ
ܳ˵ʵ֣ԼͨʽıԼʱȥ׼еʱһжѾˣһΪڼѧò̫ʵԺ漸οжʧˡ
ȻܳҲ֪Լѧϰһֱǿرڼѧƣ㡣
ƽ˰֣ô˵ţһ˵ȤͰãǺ¡
һ˼ĵоʾϵĶְҵߣһҵɵİߣȡõۺϳɾûаõְҵ߸ߣҲиమ߸ߡ
о˷֣ʵְҵڴ±רҵĹУȱһֱȽĹ۲棬ײ뵡Ծװǵ˼άס
ԣҾ״̬ȫһְҵߵǰ׼
أ
ܳɱƽĻþˣ
ǰֵ˵Ǻ⣬ƽڰֻһϯԼһѪڵ״̬
Ƕڵô
ؼ˵оݣҪѧпѧݣҪѪмѪģѷ嵽Ǽ١
ܳɾֻ˵ʦҵϣǣΪһҽһŬġ
һЦ⡣
ƽȴҡͷˣҲЦŵո⻰˵ѣϣԼʵһҽֻǾԼΣɣΪһҽ·߶ѡ
Ȼƽֻ˻β豭˵Сܰóһ츳ˡ
Ӧ˵ܹеˣһ㣬֮ǰйǸͬѧڶʵﲻϳţ֮ʱͻвѧ𼶱ͻƺͷ֣
Ҳ
ֻأҪӭ㣬߽ĿѧҲѵѧ֮һҽѧ
Ҫ֪ڹ⣬ֻжѧƵıƣʸٴҽѧ˶ʿϺܶ츳ʵĿѧңնѡҽѧ·
ΪѧҪ츳ĸԣǱѧƸġĲѶȣķԣҲǲѷɫκһѧƵġ
УϲѧġĵȵһУе֪ʶ㶼ܹҵۼҲЩ֪ʶҽѧ򣬴ʡ
ͺñȣǾԺɫ֮һ3Dӡ3Dӡԭʲôģģ͵ġ
ģ͵ʱҪһЩĹףأ
ܳ˼
ƽڽšơؽڵؽڵصĽṹԣ㲻ã޷Ȼظô
Źؽڵĵ˶ؽڵĶ෽˶ָؽڵĵ˶ⲻѧô
õҩǵãʵǻѧ֪ʶ֮һһҩѧ㹻Ȥˡ
ƵķϣʵҲһ˹ܵĹ̡
ܳɿƽڣȻ΢˳ڣô֪ϲƶѧأ
ƽͰѲ豭һţҾ֪Ըͨŵһ˵ǰòͨģҸոձЩҲǾֿڵúܡ
ǾͲˡ
ܳɵı˹һ
ƽڣ
ɳеʱûôѵİ
Ǹڣ˼һ£ոսɶ˼ܳʡ
ƽھ˵£ҽѧԺȥѧԺרҵʱ˵ǣⲻǿһѧĩתרҵĴˡ
˵ÿԺƺü츳˹ҽѧԺǰ˹
ҽѧԺ׼ȥѧѧԺҾϰһ¡
Ǻɧ
ܳ²ۣ˵ڣֻ飬ܳɾ;ãҲ̫˰ɡ
Ȼףʵ
Ϊ˲ţÿѧԺе׼ǲһģǴѧȤõ⣬ӦֻѧΧŨĵطŻĻ
°£ܳɵ˵ͷһķëĸое㱯ɣ
ƽڶôȵĻôԼѧϰĵط᲻һȰҽԺӲ׵ĿŶ
ϾƽǽښG˵Ǵġ
Сܣѧϰʲô㰡ƽȻǽ⡣
ܳһţʦʦʦİš
ƽǵİҲҽˣҲʦӦˣʦ㣬ԼԺѧϰʲô㣬˵˵ĵ뷨뵽ʲô˵ʲô
ٴҲãҲã˵ǲźð취ôš
ܳ۾촽˵ʦ˵ʲôѧʲôѧʲô𣿡
ǵģʦô˵ġƽص˵ͷ
ܳЩ㵣Ҳ
ʦ˵һ˹ۺַλ⣬˵һСпڵĸְݶڹ̶أ
ܳԣԼʵ˵ƽʲôӦ
ƽüͷԺݺһ塣
򰡣΢еҵʱʦȥʰظƽӦֲʣСǶٴȤأǶԿиȤˣ
ƽϸⶼûһʮĽģȻҪˡ
ȻܳҲֻΪƽһʣ͵ǶٴȤЩԿѧоЩ̫еġ
ܳɵʵȻҲǫ˼
ǺãȻĻȸŶɡƽ˵꣬ͻȻô˵һ䡣
ãܳʶص˵ͷֻ͵ؼסֵʱ򰡣Ȼ֣֣һ㰡֮ǰںģһ͵ˣ
㣬˶ҽѧô
ǣʦʦ֣ں˵˶ҽѧİҽԺĹؽƺ˶ҽѧûּ𣿡ܳɺ棬ⲻӦð
ƽ˵ˣǶǿҪģ
ţǸܲŮӣ˵һԨԴŶʡĶڵŮ
ţ˵Ҳʡ˺󰡣˵˵Ҫúõشһ㣬ٴȤȸɡƽھ˵
ֵܳʱʶȫⶼһš
ǾеԲ𶡳ֵİȻжǶǶֽڵŮҪǸǵõһƤ
ڣҪǶԿиȤأܳɿ۾ʡ
Ҳãڿз棬ҲüΪģƽӦ˵¶Цݡ
ܳһ
ƽڵ棬ٴ롣
ڣȷˣɧ


ڶ ħ
ƽںܳ߳칫ңһַĴ
ѻǣ֪֪治֪ġ
ɳпƽڵʱƽڸܳɵĸо֣ǳأǳò̸ŵĽڷ緶Լոռƽڣֱˣ
ƽڱԽˣǶȸ壿Ϸ
Ҫһֱô˵Ļܳɿ¶ƽνĴӦʲôֻˡ
һ˵ֵεô
ˣľѳۣѾû·ԡ

Ȼȥ֮ǰܳɻý飬һס⣬һ±ȥʶںһƢô
ãֻ´ģиˡ
Ҫⷿӵ⣬ܳɾ˼쿴һЩԴѡ˼ʼλķӿ˿
ģܳɷģûʵԴǰͼƬܽܵģǿʵķ֮
С
Ǹħ
Сһ䣬ܳɾͿһյһ˴һСӣŵĵطûˣһһǧߣ
TMڡ
мطǸҲǣڰܳɽ뵽һӿʱ򣬶ܹսһӡ
ܳɾֻ׷ǻûá
һҵģǶʮƽͼª̨ǧһµķ⣬˵һһƽһ£һǶ㡣

Щܳɾѡס˾Ƶ꣬Ȼ͵˳緹ʱ䣬Լ˶ں
ܳǰԤһ࣬ҽԺԶ
ںʵҺһܳ˵֣͸Ͻҡͷ˵طҲһײϤܱ߻Ĳ˼ƽʱʱ򣬴ȥĵط
ߣҴȥһұȽϽĳ˹ӣھ¥棬Ƚңƽʱб㷹ĻǺҡɾ۸Ҳ󡣡
Ʒζں˵ֱ꣬ܳȡԤԼ
ܳɾ͸˶ںĺ棬׻ףҪ͵һ˿ϵۣû·ȻͿҲۻ
ں϶ǸģܳɾͲ˵ʲôˣ˶ںĺ档
ˣһأʮ࣬еС
ں˵ħ飬ʱȥԸ棬ҲҪһʮɳУķۣ˿飬һЩط
ҵļ۸ѾǱȽˣȥҽԺ棬Ҳ˵ġζǲټΡ
ܳɵǾļ۸ܹ֮ǰɳУϾ˳һٷѸֻ࣬ʱ˴ˣŻһģСҪôǮ
ܳɲòúõؿǿԺѵ⡣
ǵģں
ܳҪػͻȻܳɵֻܳæͣ˵óһͿʾĹħǰܳɾھթƭ绰
ܳħ˰ںΪ⡣
ܳҡͷ˵ûˣĵ绰ҴˣҲ˭ںô
ںҡͷ绰ĺ붼Ǳעϰģ˵βŶüǣȽӰɡ
ܳѡ˽ι
ʦ㣬ںͬѧԷء
ں⻰ü룬ʦ㣿
Լôûܳô޸أܳɵȷǸСˡ
ںҴѧͬѧܳʵʵء
һܳɹҶ˵绰󣬶ںЦʣ˭ôᵽأ
ѧУʦ㣿ʿ𣿡
棬ɫҲǷǳ⣬Ͼܳĺ»ܼ
ţʦ㣬ͬѧж㣬˵ҪرעǸܳ˵ţȻͻȻںæվ˼
ɶ˵ոսӵ绰Ƕ㣿ںɫ̱仯
ܳɵͷ޹š
Ƕô˵˵ʲôںʼƮ
ģƽڰҺһʱ䣬Ŷʦ㡣Ȼ󶡵ʦոȥԷ˵ںԷͰˡܳʵشΪƺûʲôġ
ܳôһ˵ںɫһ䣬˵ܳɣϽȥͶ緹ɡ
ʵҳԣãʵʦҳȥҴȥԾͺˡںȫûκԥ˵
⣿ܳе޴룬ⶭںʲôɻأһЩڶƢ֮飬ôںȸأ
ˣʱ䣬پۣϿȥΪã
ģҡںæ˵ֿ
ںɫܳҲм٣վعٴλͷں˰Ц
ȥҪ
ܳɸ磬Ҳ㿪Цȥõѡ񣡡

ܳ߳˷꣬ɫһЩĪںδҲ̫С˵㣬ô㣬˼ɵأ㶡ôҲͬѧ
ǰˣܳɲеĻţںⶡ˼ɵǲƢ̫ãԼȥˣ᲻Լ鷳أ
ϾֶԼνΪԼȨ飬ȥԼתˡ
ƺǲ̫ʵġ
ܳԥһٴδ˶ĵ绰˵ʦ㣬ǸͬѧͻȻ绰˵ʵ£ˡѰ˼ţݷһɡ
͸ܳ˵λڣ
ţ㷢λãһһꡣ
ʮ·ݣħ䣬ҲȣԻҲ㷴ڵ顣
˿·̣ܳԾﳵĿĵأȻ͵Լõĵص㣬ܳɾͿλϣѾˣ˶ӡ
ܳģһźڿ۾ɵıֱλáҲüߺܳڴɫͿǶʮӣĳס
Աߣһŵɫ۾СĸӲߣᣬ筴С۾رӺܴ
Ĵܶ࣬AָӶȹɫĺ׿㣬ǰɫĳ޳Ĳ¶ĵ޷Ƶġ
࿴ҲͶʮһ꣬ССҲܵ
ܳɾʶضԱǴ׵Ů˵ʦãҽܳɡ
ˣǴѩɫӶ׵Ů˾ЦЦԱߵġСɡŮӣе㲻˼˵ʦ㣬ʦֹȻϴˡ
ȻܳɾֻǸAȹСŮģŮˣڵ°ɡ
ʦãѦѩ÷ĿǰǸҵһʵϰ
ܳɸæǸ˼Ѧʦãʦ㣬˼Ҫ㿴̫ˡ
ǿ̫ǰɣ㳤һ˵ȴеӣֱӾʹܳɵĻܳɵʱȻֹ
ǣʦʦÿᣬ׾ѷֳ֪ܳ˵ŮӿϣãԣԸС˲Ů˵ԭֱܳԼĴ
˵ûı죬һƵġں˵ͬѧͲడһ˵ţһ´
Ů𣿡ʡ
˵ʵеִ˵øӲ㣬ģҿҲǼΪᣬܳɲһ֡
MDı
Ҷ˵һУȻٽһ䵽ûŮѣͺһּµ
ǰں֮ǰı֣ܳ˲˹
æ˵ʦ㣬ûС
ȻϽ˻⣺ǵ㵥Ҫȵ㵥ɣ
ԱǸʦò˵͵ѾɨһЩҪӵĻԼɨӰɡԼϲʲôͼӵʲô
ϣڴ绰˵磬Һúչء
ܳȫǼƤһķëĸо
ҿ(Fo)͹
㣬ˣӣ̫ܲˡ
ģ֡ǶװģһֶĵĸоǣûУֻһ֣ŴŴģСŮ˵ĸо
ܳɶʱͷֻ˿˵ˣŵ˼زˣһ廨⣬ٵһʳܳɲµ˵Լѡˡ
Ȼſ򶡵Ѧѩ÷ʦ㣬лл㰡ҲǽϣŸ˵Һһʱ䣬Ҫȸġ
Ͼ͸ݼʦģֻϲŵħϻ·ӣʹ
ܳǽԼΪʲôٵ
ȴ˵ҷӰ
ãһ׷ӣǰҵȥˣȱһѺ⣬ʦܣҪһѽ
ջʮ㣬ȴʮرı鵥һ޺ı飬ܳ˲һħıǩ
ҿ

ܳˣΪζںô¶ԭˣҪԼͬѧҲ°
ʦ㣬鷳ˣѾҵ˺ʵģͬѧҲ˵ˣҲһ׷ʵڲеĻҿȥһ⡣ܳæܾ
ˣʦ㣬Һ漸죬ҪЩʲôֱǸʦȥʵҰ
ܳæתƻ⣬Ҫһ̸ֱ£ֻ۹ĻܳĻᱻŪ£
գգ۾˵ȲȥңҲȥʵңʱҼɡ
⻰һԱߵŮʱɴ۾Ǵ֮ɫ
ܳǱŵðӶڵˡ֨һ


ڶһ ƺд¡
ƺʲô⣬ֱӵƽ˵Ŀз棬ΪһЩҪдڿڼ䣬ҪѧϰʵݵĴ
Щݣǿݣǲܴ㣬ֻܹҵĵϲҽֹ⴫
ЩĻǾͳ˵ǰͷϽȥƽڰȥطҲġ
˵ݺףȣȻ㡮ܳһϿ֡׵ġjpgļӸС
ܳͷ˵õģʦ㣬ҲҴġ
ܳúܣ𿴰һҽԺڸڵһźʵϣпһĽں͸ڶһ顣
ڿʱôоĿݶǻܣⷽʱ̸ġ
ǼͬһٴĳԱĻȻҶΪ˿ɹ¯֪޲޲
ƽϣһģܳϵϵѧԣ϶ǲܳɰûģԷйܡ
ǱҲǶҪܳȥﴦݵҪԭ
ȻҲȥʵҴֻǰһ㲻һģѱĿĳԱԼʵңΪ鷳ҪķѵĿࡣ
ܳɵ̬ΪϿңûеưĿ˵ļƣǰܳɵ֡͹۷ɡӳ޳ˡ
Ҷǳˣ˾ͶԼδѡȨ˵˵Ҫȥ˵ʲôãҪȥʲôġڣǱ˶ȥʲôҪʲôġ
˵ţܳɣǼȻ˵һʱĹţǾ͸һ˵˽¡
˵꣬ǰ죬˵ʦܣԱŵʦôûѣո˵ͦ˧ġ
ܳɲмܲס˴Ӳ̶ѧĻӡ
ϽЦЦʦ㣬ҾǶúܺÿҶۻ˶
ʱû˵˭ǰмһһ
ͺˣñʲôӡ
ֵ㻹㣬΢Ű
ܳɾͺ֪ظŶĲڼѦѩ÷΢źͬǼ˶΢ţУϸĵذԼıעĳԼ֡
ֻǣڼ˺֮ܳɲŷ΢е㲻Ծĵط
òưλѦѩ÷ŮˣѹͲʲôʦãǿһʿ
ܳɿı֮󣬲õġ
˵ʵϰôܳô죿
ܳ˼ʱ򣬶ŶѦѩ÷ѩ÷㣬ͣҴĶˣ
ܳɣ
֪Լ֮ǰǿ϶ǴʲôصԼΪΪ⣬ܳҲȥϸʡ

ܳɵĳ౾Ͳ̸ºʣûٷȤǺ֪ȤܶˣԣȻѦѩ÷ڳԷʱЦࡣ
ҲؾһΪĸоͺǣ˵ʲôһֱܳסĸо
⵹öѦѩ÷Ǹ߿ܳһۣܳͣô˲ࡣ
ǵܳ붡ͬ䣬ѾжʮҲˡ
緹͸ϽҴҵغѦѩ÷һܳɸˣ˵ֻ϶У˵ʱģΪܳɽӷϴġ
߳꣬ǱߵڽУǻصˣϼˣܻᱻѦѩ÷Ҫ˶ҽѧרҵʿ鳤ģܽʡʱ䣬Ͷʡʱ䡣

Ů˴Ҵȥ˿ûͣһ־ս׼ܳɣٴδֲ
ع붡ദʼգֱ֣Ǹħѹ˶رļɵͲ˵ģͶòģһ
磡
ֱӿ԰ѱڶĹǿоһɱͨԵ֡
ưϵΣµʵϰѶ㱣úúõġ
ŮݣΪϡȱԴټٴͿ츳ǾǶԼˣ˼άΪѣ벻Ϊ˼ɵĶħѡ
ңܳ붡ദôãͷ֣顢һֱڶ߬ţûռκƣȫǱǣűߵġ
˵û㵽֪֪붡ֹϵ£ĳԱʲôãҲûʳʲô
ǣһȽϺõĺôǰ
ܳɼѦѩ÷΢źֿؽһѩ÷Ѧѩ÷ܳһħԺо/ҽ/ʵϰҽ/ڲȺ
Ѧѩ÷˵ķ󲿷ֶҽԺĽڻǽڵֱϵн鶼첻ģн˽ĵĻṩ֤ݽͼһˣ鴦һˣ
ֱ⣬ͿҽԺֱӿ˰ٷ֮ʮٷ֮ʮǵķӣ϶ǼҾõģûʲôЩǿܼۻôһ㡣
Ǿﳬֵ
ңķ󲿷ֶǽڻڲְеҵҾߡҵΪԭ˵ʧ
ֻҪ㲻ģʦǻǻչѧݣ΢԰ĵġ
ã⵽˾Ժλļ¥ǸǿˮãԵذãѲҪǮҲʡȥôһʿ֧
Ҫġ
ܳɽȺ֮󣬾͸ϽԼıעǿ19ܳɡ
ǿǿң19ݣԼ֡
ϢԼкϢżȺԱܴ󣬻ӽȺ״̬żҲ˳
ֺܿ油˽
ܳɾɨɨҲֻ˾ƵûʵķԴʹȥ翴еһң۸ʣҲ׼ˡ
ǰ
ܳɸպߵƵʱ򣬾Ϳˣһ˷һϢ
˵ҽԺһ³һķӣǼ۸顣Ȼ󻹸ϵ绰
ܳ룬ʹ˵绰ȥ
СʱܳɾͺνķϵˣȻһ·ߵһСſڡ
Сſڵţһλүеˣ԰ף˿̵Сſڵţܳɵˣ˵绰ҵˡ
ʦãСܡմ绰ϵġ֮ܳǰ֮ͨУû͸¶̫Ϣ
ֻ֪ݵϽڡ
˵ӹӲʣӦƽأ֣Ŵްеݡ
ãȥӰɡϲԴǣҲûܳ׽
ݷСȻ£еĶУ԰԰üá
˵ݿڣһʷµĺۼһƿź󣬷װȴͨȻûԵúȴʣҾ߶߳µģطǳɾ
ذ˴שǰһŵԣӻֻǶûļڣҲдеġ
һһһԣ˴ӺͿյ¹񣬴Ѿװ鷿ϵ鶼ڡ
ܳڿӵʱ򣬲ϾͽܵⷿӰ֮ǰһֱסġͨģˮѺúѶʣ²٣ˮ㲻ùܣȻķõĻ㵽ʱÿС¥¾ܳ䣬翨ˣϾͿֱӽɷѡ
ܷ㣬ǰмʱ򣬾СϢ
ֻܳ΢һۣ;Լ׬ˣ˵ʦס϶ֻǲãⷿ⣬Ҫأ
㿴٣Ҳ֪ǸⷿӵϢҺӷģϰ鼸ǰˣҲˣסȥ뺢ӽĵط
ѰͲˣҲ˷ѡ
ѧо𣿡ϹҲǵһΰѷȥԲ顣
ҲôܳҲǵһħⷿӡ
šʦѧоֻܳ˵ͷܽڰѼ۸Ҫϸˣܲס
װ޺Ϳռ䣬ǧһ¾Բˡ
ҪɣҲãȿŸǧһ£ȻѺȻķԼɣҵѵĻǲùܵģǰλķӡܽܳɣʵ۸Ҳ΢еߡ
Ҳܵˡ
ʦǧ΢е˰ɣܳɺ⣬ǧһ£֮ǰɳĵһضΣװޣǧѾ¥ˡ
ˣܳɾе㲻̤ʵ
ǧҪǾúʣǾѺһҲǩͬҪٵ͵۸ĻҲôҾʡܽڹҲǲᡣ
ԣǧǧݽ𣬶һ˼
ܳ΢ԥһ£ջǵ˵ͷ˿鷿飬˵ǲʦǧļ۸û⣬ǣܲһСҪ󰡣
ǣ鷿飬ʦܲܽҿһʱ䣿ұ֤Ūġ
ܳˣͲܽһ鷿飬ֵʮֹˣ԰ܽԸЩĻ׬ˡ
ʲôԵġϿ˿鷿΢е㲻ᣬԥһ󰡣С鷿ſ򣬶ҪԸǣһЩ鰡Ǿ棬򲻵ġ
һˣкܶණʱˡϸп˵
ܳɳĬѧѾ浽˵ھŰ棬еʮ汾ĸİˣǶʱǲһġ
Ǿллʦ˰ǼӸ΢ţҪʲô鿴Ļҿϸ͹ȥܳæ˵ȻҪӲܽڵ΢š
ȻܽǴˣǱϾĻˣԻǻúܶƼƷġ

СŽǷԿףԿСıܺðⷿӵԿ׾ôˣһѻҶӵļһҪǲСǴˣɲһп㿪ţҪԼȥȡˡܲϽ
ϲʦллܳɵͷ
ллٴؿһ䣬ͳ׵عţȻȥˣΪĻԺʱʹȨܳˡ
Ҫ뿪ʮϵطȥ·ˣѾˣ˵֡
úŬϻܳһ䡣

ܳɸں˵Լ⵽˷Ӻ󰡣ں̶ܳɵϲһҪܳæҪҪʰЩʲô
ܳɰѶںŵʱ򰡣ںĿɿڴؿܳķӣ׷˵ܳɣ˵ⷿǧһİ
šܳɵͷ
ں˵Ҫɣ⣬ס鷿һӣȻҸһһǧķ⣬㿴ʲ
ҿǼ˴ˣǰҽԺָϽڵļҵѣҲУ԰ܿġ
ˮѲýȻû΢һ㣬ֻҪ̫ˡ
ܳҲͷҲԼ׬ˣҲʱҽԺ˲࣬ҲǿѧҼ˸˰ɡ
ں˵Ǽ˸ˣͳԷ
ã롣֪ܳһ£Լ˱˵£ƵƵĻǲİġ
ҪҪѶʦ㺰һ԰ܳɾͽʡ
ں̻һͷҡø˹Ƶģæ֣ܳɸ磬ҽ磬ҪȥͶԷĻһȥңģ
Ƕ̫ˣǲǲ𣡡
ںֻ⻰Ͳҡͷ
ܳɿں飬Щʧ񡪡
ͻףϹϵ
ĪԼϴ˰

ܳɾͰ·붭ںԹ˷˶ں뿪֮
ܳɲŸ㷢Ϣ˵ʦ㣬Ѿҵˣأ
ȻͶںͬͬڴѧʱ򣬴ҿͬѧǣϾܳһֱһѧС񣬿˽ʦʦ־Ͷˡ
ˡ
ҽԺ˭˭ʦ֣ɣ̫󣬷Ļʦֵƺ
ôҵ˷ѽЧʿ԰
ȰúסĵطɣҺʵʱ㡣˳ٺ˵顣˻ظ
ֻǣܳемܲס
ӶںģǺܻ׵ǶԼĶ㣬ȻҲеףƫƫ
˵ôģ⵽أ
ܳɸ㲻ֻ˵һá
ȻپͺƽһԼѾҺⷿӵ飬ٸ˸绰ƽ
ʵܳҲȨͶϾҲһģֻǣܳɾãΪѣǻ㱨гôϸĻеŪɣɲء
˵֮Ҫ޻˵²̸ġȻѡ˲һطôݵı룬ǱȻģҪѧʵÿ˶ҪߵһĽᡣ
ܹ¶
ûʲôԴɨģڣܳɲʱ̽һԼģˡ
ģ̣ܳ˼
һģ̡

ѡ¹㣬ԼʵѾ㹻㡣ӵһλʢĵʦΪɽ
֮شڶ֮µλ㱻Ÿһλʦ㡣շ֣ʵʱ䣬ûʦ档
ºһͻıʣĵʦ£Ĳʿѧ飬ʹ˻λӰ
δμоѧԣˣδͨѧУоѧʸȻˣĲѡ˸㵼ʦѧȥһСҽԺ
ʵѾǳǿʦϾԺʿݣˣܿ͵õҵڵӡ
ģ֮ģһģ̣ôдġ
ǣģ̵ǰΣˡ
һ˳˳ˮ

㵽µλȻδѧĿҼʦ֪ݣܿ뵽ŶУܿͻϼҽʦӣ
ܿõIIIIIȨޡ
һλʦڵĵλڵŶӣٴκľңʦֵĴټ֮£㿪ʼ˵һٴ⣡
ºٴõѧϿʼٴٴӦãͬʱǰ˿Ĵʽ𡣡
һ֮Ѿӵٴ⣬ѾʼоӵIVȨޣ
󡭡

ģá
Щģ̣ûɶëģԺʿͷƶ̨֡˷ʮ
ܳħ֮ǰģIIļܰǲöӣܹﵽȼ
ҽеһ⣬죡
ϣҲܳɵħ֮ĵһϵһģУ⡣
ȻĽǵõȼļܡ
ң̣
֮شڶ֮µλ㱻Ÿһλʦ㡣շ֣ʵʱ䣬ûʦ档
ºһͻıʣĵʦ£Ĳʿѧ飬ʹ˻λӰ

һεģ̣ܳɲû˳˳ˮѧĹУ⣬֪νʲôʣģУδֵıʡ
ֱӾҪܳɵĵʦʦ
ܲܳɾأ
⵽Ϊʲôأ
Ҫ֪ݣΪǾ˾춯صĴˡ
Ժʿʲôݣǿֱӿڵְ
ԣģ⣬ܹ˳˳ˮ㣬ֻһ¹ʾͺˡ
ѡʼЯļܣ
Яκμܣܳɾ
ܳģҪĿľǣΪȥǷʲôģԣԼκεĸأʹԹߵĽǶȣȥģһΣΪܡ
ʲôĽ
ȻܳɲѡʼЯļܣҲй̻ܡ
̻ܣ뼡ֲ綨弶
̻ܣֹ֫ؽ綨弶
̻ܣ֫ʾ鼰Σ綨弶
ʼģ⣡
㵽µλȻδѧĿҼʦ֪ݣܿ뵽ŶУܿͻϼҽʦӣ
ӵʵĽѧף֮ǰõIIIIIȨޣʦֵľټ֮£ܿõµλIIIIIȨޡ
֮ʦֿʧĵʦʮѹΪ츳ƽƽ˻ʵûκҫ֮ʼ㲻䲻
֮ĵʦ뿪ٴȫȨڵλĳ֪ڽдʦ̡
һڵĵλͻʣ
²Զĵʦڴ˴¹ѧͶ¡
ƽƽ̤ʵϸɣµĿٴվ˽Ÿ㿪ʼӴʵѧ
ɹ˴磬õ˲ʿѧλ֤飬ħĳҽԺõһΪ˲ʽ𼰹ʸ仧
Ȼһʱ㷢ˣʱ㷢Ųʿҵڲʿվټ֮Ǿͽˡ
ʮ֮ѾһҽԺĸڡʱͨӵļ˽⵽˵ʼգʱǨȻеһУڳ
ȥݼʦ֡ʵʦӴˣȻȻѡ˴ְһͷһһоʵΪһʵԱ
룬ûΪĴְ٣Ӽĸĸ֧ҵ

֮꣬زԴź
ģģۣźԼ֪Щʲô־Լʲô֪֪ߣ־Լ̫֪
ɴ¼Уѡһ
ҽѧͳѧ
ҽѧвѧ
ҽѧʵ鼼ܰ

ûȼļܣҲûκξͨļܣΪûһĿͷ൱ھ沨ǣΪûѡʼܣֻǵĹ̻ܣܳΪӹµ
ԣ
ûģ⵽ܺõļܣӰ˵ļܣһѣ
ǰεģֿ̣ܳˡ
Σѹûᵽʲôʦ飬ǣӼ֮Ƴٵһ֮Ϊΰ
ģ˱ʣ˱ʣ
ܳе㲻ܽš
Ϊ£пܹϵγʦ
ܳ׼Ȼ˸˼·Ҫصصһԣ
ԴΪ£ܳѾǲȥģʲôȼļˣϣģٶץһЩӺ˼·Ǵαʸҳ˿

ЯʼܣؽڸȾ/ƾ飨綨弶ؽûַͨλ¶弶
һΣܳõĳʼģ⼼ܣǳǿӲļܡܼˮƽܸߡ
ңһεĿģܳɵģĿĺܼ򵥣Ҫ׻ᷢʲô顣

㵽µλȻδѧĿҼʦ֪ݣܿ뵽ŶУܿͻϼҽʦӣ
ΪӵʵĹؽƵļܿõIIIIIȨޡ
ĵʦ츳Զ̣ϸ̽ٴ⡣ܿͿʼԼٴ⡭
ºһλʦڵĵλڵŶӣʵ۷壡
ܿ죬ٴ⣬֮֯£ȫǳ缶߶ȣˣڵĵλ
һ֮ӵIVȨޣΪѾʼٴٴ⣬ˣΪʼȫǵĿݣ
ǿ˵һƪٴʵĸ߷£ʼ˴ͳĹؽڸȾĶ壬ǵĿ飬ʼȫѰЭģʼٴ顭
֮˲ʿѧλ磬ǱĳѧѧĹУ㷢֣ĿǰǿƵо㣬ȫоҲ
꣬ѧͰסɼҡӡͬ㿪ʼǱоѧΪרҵǰڿĻܿͻڵλȫ֧֡
ʮ꣬ʵڱʼǵʱ򣬷֣ʵıʼǣգ󲿷ǰʵ飬ȱ˻Եݣܹõֻ֧֣кһ֡
ڶʮ꣬Թ˽⣬δܵõһ롣
ʮ꣬㿪ʼԼѡĿģЩڡǱоʷ
ʮ꣬޼ա
ģá
һεģ⣬Ȼûлʲôö
ҲֻһЩʵҵĻԼܣܳѡһʼ˼
G
ⲻ԰
ܳܽͽļģ̡
ôԼƽƽʱϾͳ£ôԼţˣ˳˳ˮˣ
⵽⣿
ǣԼΣһܴĹؼأ
ңһεģ̣ܳɻûпνʦ㣬ģĽУʲôҪ֡
ǹ¡
ͷܳüͷ壬ʼһһε⼸ģ̣ϣܹԵĵ
գٽ˯֮ǰ
ܳɻģһΡ
ĵһģ⣬ܳûЯʼܣڶΣû趨ʼĿꡣ
һΣܳЯţƵļܣ趨ߵĿ꣬һIIܵȼ
ȻģĹУܳɾͷ֣IIܶˣһIIܣȥģ󣬸ȼ
൱ܳȫеļܵ㡣
ȻģĳʼĿֱ֮Ŀġ
ڵĿ飬ȫ쵼뿪չ˶ٴ顭
꣬Ŀ飬ѧԶ⿪ʼѧϰӴŵо򣬹
˲ʿ磬˹ڵѧڹõ˲ʿѧλ㿪ʼطѧڹо룬ķѧδЧ
ʮһѡ˹ɼҡӡ
ְͬһҽѧҽԺʵңʼǱоѧ
꣬һѧĹУķɻ⡭
ģɴ¼ѡһ
ģзһΡһ´ģ⽫ӵбģ̵ȫ䡣
ܣѧоеѡţ
ܣҩĿ뻯Ʒѡ
ܣӹг޸⡢޸ؽţ

ܳüͷݺһ塣
쵽˹ؼʱ̣ģĻˣô£
ÿһģ⣬ûһʽĽ̺·ܳôȥЩҹͬ㣿
Ҳͬ㣬еԤⶼǰ׷ѣ
˿ģᶼѾ꣬ܳҲεؼʼܽᡣ
ЩģĻƺôʼն£ֻǳµĳ̶ȺͲΧһ
ֻǣʲôʱ£³ʲôʱ򣬲ķΧ㣬Щܳɲġ
ʵеû취ļ䣬Ļǿͨҳʲô˿
ڣεõҲܳϴģȫ䣬һģ⣬ʮ꣬ʮͷ˿ѣɶð


ڶ Ϥİľ飿
ǷȷЯʼܣؽڸȾ/ƾ飨綨弶ַλ¶弶
ķ賿һܳɾȲشĵһֵģᡣ
ΪȽѵã˰ܳǾ˼ǵһεģġ
ģ⿪ʼ
㵽µĵλĵʦʦִȶĿ˼άͿ㷢һļ䣬󡭡
ϸʦ֮ѯ˺ܶҽ֮ûƵ鷢ʱ顣
ĵʦÿ㱻ȵ̫ǰûнӴѧоʱתƵٴ֮С
ƾʵۻףܿ뵽ŶУҾڽٴĵ죬ͻϼҽʦӣҾ޵ĵʦ
ӵʵĽѧף֮ǰõIIIIIȨޣٴ˰µѧϰ͸֮ܿõµλIIIIIȨޣ
ͬʱ㿪ʼ㵼ʦеı죬ܿٴУվ˽Ÿ
ºϼҽʦڽһλӹؽڸȾʱ㼰ʱ֣ԱȽίķʽ˹ͨ뽨֮󣬻ߵĲ̼ת
һЩƵĲ˳ĿңϡŹ֣һһ⣬ϼҽʦ͵ʦʶڹؽڸȾⷽ棬жļ츳
һ֮ƸõIVȨޣΪؽڸȾڻǿУʼ룡
ϼҽʦʦ֣ҲΪȡõĳɼԺ
Դ֮ı˲ԡ
㵼ʦĸƨ棬㵼ʦͻἰʱ
Ƥܺ񣬶ĵʦҲΪοĳɼ츳Ǻܿ㵼ʦ壬µĻԿ⣬꣬ɹ뵽Ͽ⡣
˿ݼ룬Դİ䡣ĵʦǳģȴʼ磬Ϊ֪ǲǼٵġ
ʱܳ£Ϊе㲻̫˼
ⲻ֪ȡλеĳɹ
ǣõϵĿ⣬ڵλͬԾ㵼ʦȥҪģ˵ܵʵʦֵܵż
㿪ʼԵ
㲢δ˶ʱתսٴ뵽Ͽʱã账ҿʼչٴ⡣
һ֮ٴɹУмȻѧ֮㿪ʼݡͬʱڿѾһġʦ㡯ҲǾʵ츳൱
ܳɿʱǳ¡
Ź֡
ʦ˼̫߿ԼأԼ̫͹أ
ѵҲвѷȼļô
ӵеļܶǾͨ𰡣
꣬ΪٴչѸ٣ٴԼԱȥϿʱٴλϻһΣûн㵼ʦͷΣ
ڿСԱӡ˸ĹۣһʦʦãĿС飬ϣܹǽд̡
ܾˣԶ뵽Ͽ⣬֮
ܳһģ˼·
ܳɲ֪һģеļ䵽ʲôǣܳɵ˼άȴӰ쵽ģѡܳһ̶Ͽ۵ȥӰġ
ôܳɺ뿴ԼռéӲʺѿ뵽ˣȥǣ᲻˾ܳǰˣ˵ЩĽȣǲϴģԭ򡭡
ҲΪʲôܳҪģ棬ǰһԼʦԭ
ԺʿȥϣϿӶֱӸģֻǻϲȱ㾭ˡ
ǰõ֣Ϳ϶Ӱ쵽оչ
ȲˣȻ󿴿˭
һĵһδﵽҪڣĲʮʦ֣㵽Ҫʲô㲻ᣬֻ˵ڽǰɿĽ⹤ʵ򵥴ṩ׫ļݼԭʼݣ
ܳɿ֣Լе㻵
һ˵ϿĽʱϿ·֮꣬ʱ䲻ȷ
ϿĽ񣬾»ר
£ģܳѾ׫дˣԭʼݶУûȥʵҡЩԭʼݼʵģٵġ
ʵԱظûڹģ棬ǡʵ׫
ĵһ⼴ǰȺƪ£ͶĿڿӰӲ߲ͣôﵽϱдԤڳɹֵ
Ϊƪµĳ֣ڿڵĵλĹۣڿ黳ڶ׫ݣ͵͵ظʵ󣬾֤ʵͷµʵԡ
ǣڿĸ֮һʼطʵ顭
ĵʦ˱ӻ˽㣬һܰѿڵĿ⣬ȥ
꣬ٴɹҵĿǰѧɹѾﵽҵͱ׼ı֣ڿڲ㾪ޡ
ɹҵδԺѡ˻ع鵽ԭĹʡݡ뿪֮ǰϿδܽ⣬ʹʱã
ʱʦܵ𷣣ְнڲٴ⣬˶ʿʿоÿ⼰ջأĿá
صԭʡݹƾ辫տרҵʵһݷǳĹ
ʮ꣬׳ɹȢӡ
ʮ꣬ĵʦɹݣͬ꣬ĵʦһǸδҵĲʿʦ֣Ҳ޷ҵ
ĵʦھʮ갲ꡭ

ģ
ģۣйоأ޲ӹӹµµ
ɻ¼еһ
ܳɿ꣬üͷʱ
һεģ⣬Լ֮󣬵ûٳʲôʣԼһӡ
ǣʦ˵Ǹʿʦûܱҵ飬ʲô˼ˣ
Īǣǳʣʦйأ
ʦ飬ĵƵڸɶ
ܳɴϵ°ģĹһ飬ǾãĵӦþǺλʿʦйأ
ңԼһģеҲҲойء

ܳɺܿùԼʣģᡣ
Уڶεģġ
ͼӽĴʦ֡ʦְʵҡ
ȻĲȻҪӽʦ֡ƤĥӲݡ
ʦֶ㷢ľ棬δʵҡ
ºĲʿʦٴʵҿʱתߡ
ҹڷ
֮ǰ۾㷢ɱˣϤĲʿʦ֡
ģ
ģۣݶ޻һĲֹܺèܹˡ
ڶģ֮ܳʵǺѽǲģ˵ģ⡣
ģʱܳ΢ģ˼·ƤĥĹˣʼͨɵķʽϣܹʿʦ֡
ֻǣܳɷ֣ԼǼＸȫ벻˲ʿʦֵķۡ
ܳ벩ʿʦ֡ǿʤһ꣬Ȼûܹ뵽ʿʦֵʵŶ
Ҳܿһεģߡ
ĳϣõ˲ʿʦֵѶ
磬˳
ڷ޷ٻģ
ѡջޣ
ˣܳس顣
ڿ⼸εģڵʱܳɾԼһ߻ħĴ
һ뵽ڡѭľĸоǲܲҲãǾȵĳһеأȻıʡ
ͨ⼸εģ⣬ܳɻ֡
ģ⣬ҪôǱʰѱŪҪôԼǰϣȻԼŪ
棬ôǳؼء
Լʿʦ֣ʦ
ǣҲȫֻ⼸ؼأͺñȣĳģС
֮˲ʿѧλ磬ǱĳѧѧĹУ㷢֣ĿǰǿƵо㣬ȫоҲ
꣬ѧͰסɼҡӡͬ㿪ʼǱоѧΪרҵǰڿĻܿͻڵλȫ֧֡
ʮ꣬ʵڱʼǵʱ򣬷֣ʵıʼǣգ󲿷ǰʵ飬ȱ˻Եݣܹõֻ֧֣кһ֡

꣬Ŀ飬ѧԶ⿪ʼѧϰӴŵо򣬹
˲ʿ磬˹ڵѧڹõ˲ʿѧλ㿪ʼطѧڹо룬ķѧδЧ
ʮһѡ˹ɼҡӡ
ְͬһҽѧҽԺʵңʼǱоѧ
꣬һѧĹУķɻ⡭
оѧΪʲôһܹ꣬һҪأ
Ȼ󣬽ģ⡣
⵫ȥɣһ̶˹о˵ġǣȴܹ꣡
ǣ
ڶκ͵Σû͹оȣӽʦֵĹУȴ
ԣ
Σصʦ֣о£
λʿʦӦòϵѧΪλǣ浽أ
һģ⣬Ϊʲôʮ󣬷أ
ѵڵģ̫ˣԳֵĽ̫򣬳˲ȷԣ
ܳɼΪļΣģ⵽Լյʱ
Ҫ֪ģķչǻʵ໥Ӱģ
ΪʲôԼһħôأܳɻûվȽŸɶɶ֪ôһصĻ
ȥҲʿʦֲǲȡˣȥǵ
˭֪ǲԿë
̫ҲУ̫˿ܻӰ쵽ϵȫ̫ҲУֻ̫ܹʱ䣬ʮ֮ǻ飡
ܳɾñȽΪѡ

ڴϵܳɣþ޷ߣס˱ӣǿ˯Ҳ֪ʲôʱ˯š
ѵʱѾϵʮˡ
ܳɱԤܲʱ䣬û˯õӣ˯˰СʱһֱߵӣϴȻظ㷢ȥһϢ
ʦ㣬ʲôʱ򷽱㣿Լطϰ
֮ܳԷϢ磬ΪܹԤʱ䣬ǶҲڶ罻֮ǰִﶡ˵λá
ûء
ܳҲͱ˫͵ԣ߳ţ׼ʳ˵
Ȼߵʮʱ򣬶ظһϢ
ɣ˰˵ӣͲҪٽˡҺٰܸˡȻ˻ظ
ܳɿϢʱ򣬺þҽԺϢҽԺﱼ
þߵʮֵʱ򣬵˿ȻһӰҽԺİ״ӣϣһưѰҽԺĺɫǩסˡ
Ȼվ˿Աߡ
ǷǳȻؿܳһۣܳɵͷϲϸ֮Ҳû˵ʲôˡ
ҽͻʿ֮ܶ࣬ǰİҽԺŶһ˰Ҷûֽ罻࣬ʵһ˶֮⣬ûʶĲ֮ͻ˽
̺ͰҽԺ࣬ʿֵ࣬ҽ࣬Ȼοʼѵ
λڻΪھ
ܳҶԿó˰ɫΪѿ
ܳҲ⣬ǰϣҽԺһȽ¼ǾǣƵĳоԽĹУ˷˨Ȼ˼ѣĽѧ¼ƵŪ֡


ڶ ֻǸԹȺڰ
ԺĹǿܹң˶ҽѧרǹǿƶǿƶԴֽڣҸŵľԴֽڡ
㵹ҲûְǸܳɽ˵ε֡С̣ܶƺǲ̫Ҳӡ
ԴվǰɫŰؽӲߣһң֣ƶλһеֶӡС硣
ͷҲΪ⣬㿴Ҳּģ˫յ΢е񣬰סȧǺ΢еͻ
Դһ淽λϣͻʿšﻹڣڽλýŵǸڡθƫһЩ
ʣµסԺͲʿоʵϰҽЩֻվˡ
ǵģﰡԺסԺҽʦֻʸվţеĻʿ˻ʿ֮⣬˶վŵģɳаҽԺȫһ
ŵĴžŸˣ£ϻʿһʮˡ
Դڸƣʦơ˭Ȩޣ˭𣡡
ǿҳ˶ҽѧͶIIIϣλĽڻоʦԺٴУһҪϸҽ
ƵдǿҵĻǾǸȥˡ˵ˣľ㹻򵥣ѧʵ㹻ǿǾֱϱҽƣҽоԽӡ
Һʹʦ棬֯Ȩ
ȻҲ֪ڽгȨ֮ǰҪǰ֣ǱҪķաǣһӲԵҪ󰡣ǣרҵ͵ѧҪչһ̨ǰҪ̨ĸྭ֮󣬲ܹ֣
̨εģԭϣܹ

ԴⷬܳɵĲѣ
ţħԺоȨǳԷˮһ˿飬ڰҽԺܳͷһ⣬ϴѧҽԺͶҽԺܹõȨˣҲǺܶ࣡
һ߶֪ȫǰĻôϴѧҽԺħԺ֮Ĳ࣬͸ˣ
ܳûʱͻȥŪЩġ
ֿΪغԴֵ
ҵ뷨Ǻǰһ
ǿڵ˲ţڿ˶ӵвʿѧгҲмϵĿ⣡ǲȱ
ҵ豸˵һģҲǽ֮ǰڹ⿴Щ豸е豸Ҫǽ޵ĵλȽġӲ棬Ҳûȱ
ӲԴ棬ĸ飬ĸλǾԲǷȱ˵ģڵĲж٣٣£ôܻȱأ
ǣһ벻׵ǣǼȻһ涼ȱٵĻΪʲôûȫһһˣ
ǼҪ˼ⰡԴ˵ţӡ
ܳԺ࣬ԴڵҰδҲ̫ˣʲô߱ȫһһǿħ;ҽԺ˲Ż豸
طĲԴḻ
ô˵ԴϺţƾǰѰҽԺĹǿƴɳ֪ҽԺԴڱտھȫһһ
һʱĿԽܳԵΪеԽܡ
Ͼܳĵһڶ˶͵ġ
˵ɳеһһȫһǧٷ֮һȫһһĸʣҲǧٷ֮һ
Ͼڽã˼ҵҲҲ˲
ֽڣûôʵ
Դ٩٩̸ָ߱£Ǿ͸˼Ǻͱ˵ǲˣ
ԼþרҵĻϣڹ⣬ؽûϸطֳϥؽںŹؽûÿ˾ֻϥؽڻŹؽڡ
һһ̨̨ϥؽû⣬͸Ͳȥ˼κ顣
Ψ̶̵ĸ֣ʵ㹻ܶණˣȥȥռݣȥµʽȥ˼ôЧĿռ䡣
Ҫ˵ǹҵѧеƵΣԲκһҵƵβĻҲ
ԣǾܹ⣬øרҵġ
ȫҽֻһʱĲԲǾ߱Ĳȫ֪ȫܣ˭룬ǣһרҵרƶû֮ǰŶ
һǾãȰһλãɫȻȥģΪһЩ
ȫܺȫƺ𣿲Ⱥ֪һ⣬޵ֻһ澭
Ƕ飬ѾˣѧƵ֪ʶǲҪҪȺ飬ҲҪ֪Լ޷򣬲ҪСǴҽȥͬг֪ʶֻܹĵһӡ󣡡
ֻһӡأ

ܳɾԴ˵ţվԱŵ˶ֹ
ҽƱգҽˣѿŵģʧҲһΡԷѡ
Էѵ;ڳ֢ҽƹߵķͬ
οڹڻ죬ֻĳһλĻҽԺ⣬ҽܹϷ
ֲе˶ģˮƽˣ˶ˡ
ⶼ¼ҽֹģᣬֻܳ˶õ䣡
Դ֮Ľں͸ڶһԴһ˿ġǵ뱳ӰûԴڵĻȥ
ҽԺҲãҽҲãҪȥҪǷϵصϴ󻷾
רҵֵøϸ⣬Ǵⲻ
ֻǣרҵϸ֮ǰ費Ҫĸ߾⼼ܲܽܣǸ⡣
ʱõĲʵġ
ÿҽҪҪרҵ꣬һţǼ꣬ȫҽ˼ҳԵ⡣ȥˣʮʮ꣬ȫʡȫˡ
ʡҽԺûתˣȥҲˣķרҵʮ꣬ҪҲ˵רҵܲͬ⣬ͬ⣬ҲǰԼ˻øխ˰
ΪҽƶڲͬԲҽͻߵ˼άͬûǮûϵѹҽҲûлӴߵľøѹӦ֢ŵ΢ȽϿ
ͺñȣʮ˻˹ؽڣͻˣʮٻһξˣǮֻҪԼͿˡڵ˾Ͳϣ鷢ֻϣһ֮Ҫͺá
Ծͻѡ̣޿̣ҽԺ
Ϊ޿̣һǮ㻹ҰٷְٵĸãԹͻȽϴ
ʵǸԭ򣬵ҲκҽҵˣҰ˵ԭֻ߾سеŻӸϸơ

Ȼ˵ֹǱ˵ֹܳΪߣԴĻò˵ԴôҲãǾͽֻǳҲá
˼뾳磬ǲһģ۽磬ĿģϺ̶˶ȫͬһˮƽߵġ
Ҳ˵˭˭͡
ԴĿˮƽ߾Ļҽɽͷ
Ϻ˵ĿΪκøĲˣľͺã˵˼붼ûҲûиߵ֮֡
ֻҪΪģиߵ͹֮֡

󣬸ĽڸԴԼ鷿֮ǰڰҽԺûκֻǲͬĶģԶ֮ǰİҽԺܱȡ
ϼ䱸Դڣ»һںһΣ
ÿסԺ
סԺʵǹˣרҵͲʿרҵ˶ʿҽʵϰҽҽһʮˣ
㻹ܳɣǲܹڲᴲλʮţûмӴÿ˷ֹܵĴλţһһţ
˽ڡڡκסԺĸ˲ܴ֮⣬˶뵽ܴ֮С
ܣܳΪ֮࣡
ʮˣʮŴ͵ɮٰ
ڲ鷿ʱԴǴģԴܳɣע⵽ܳɣֻǽܣܳǻһʱʦܡ
ҵUIֻǰܳɵͨоʵϰˣûйĵʱ䣬Ȼ㿪ε˲鷿֮С
ڲ鷿ĹУǽѧ鷿ԷǳѸ١
ֻǣڲ鷿ĹУܳɷ֣Ĺܴҽһļֱ˾Ƶģ˻㱨ʷͲ֮⣬ԻشԴ븱ʵѧչ⡣
ͺñȣڣԴʣ˺ѵķʲôµоչвĿǰõƷ͸ĽķЩ
Gôѵ⣬ȻԶԴ
ܳˣ
TMЩʲô

ò׵˲鷿ܳԼϲ鷿˼·˵ϣƣܳҲ֪ӦƷʽ
ǣ֪ܳǾҳõģЩܴҽشһЩĽܳɾüֱǿհףϸطеĻش󣬾ãЩĽķʽеǻ㡣
еΪޣһӾͰ˼ά΢ˣ
ڻشĹУ˳Ʒ͸Ľ֮⣬ȻԼ⣬ԼÿԴĸŻ
Դ֮󣬻˵˼·㣬ȥһ£ûⷽ£οԼ̽·
һ

ʦ㣬ƽʱ鷿ôڲ鷿֮󣬶Ҳǳذܳɴҡ
˵ͷűȽħԵ˵תٶȣҲǷǳģȻһĲ࣬סԺĲ˻ϵڶ쵽ͻԺתǳǳ졣
Ҳûһ˵ߵĹؽھһףȫ㹻
˶ҽѧĺܶҶܿչסԺĲ˶ռĲˣҽԺסԺ飬Ժ֮ǰͰǰá
סԺ찲ڶߵͳԺ
Իÿ춼Ӵ²ˣȻÿһֱд̲鷿ʱӷ㣬ȴӷḻ
ԣߣ׵ˣǹ
ܳЩʱЩ࣬ʵʦ㣬ǲһжŴλ
ܳһ£ԺһˣֻʮŴλһܹĲҲкİˣһȥڼҲǧ̨
ÿƶʮ̨ϵġ
ʮŴλңûмӴҲûϵЩȽϼ򵥵֮󣬹۲һϵڶҲͳԺˡȻħԡ
˵ģˣԴڵ˵ʱ򣬾
ֻ˵żŴżԱȽʽ
·һֱȽǿĳƵģܳɾƤĺëϵ𡭡

ܳɽŽвȿҵĸӦŵʱ򣬾
Ҫעķ򰡣ؽھǻģǴͳҪ򡣡
ôת֣ܹͷתϻѲ˵ĹؽҸŪƣһòã˵ֽڣ
վһλϣŭ˵̡
Ÿڴ˿ҵĿ£ͷϵʱߣѾ˴һСʱˡ
ƿţֻɨһۣͼλСֵܵ㲻Ҫˣ
Ҫ˲Ǽؽھȫ飬ɢעô
ܳɱ뿴̨ľ̵ģǣܳһתͷϳڣʶˣԼһĶϴֻʿվ֮⡣
ˣȫһλ£ѲػʿͶŵӣʦרõɳΡҺҲԹԵ˸λãƺǲȥڵüͷ
ѧҪô̤ŵϣҪô˿ɫĲ̯˵
ܳɿΣȻҲǲȥۿˣŶ㣬ŵλԱߣվŲҶ۾żգţƤԾؽš
ĺס
Ųһµӣѹ˵סԺܣкڶΣ³īǸߣƤ׵Ǹ
ܳɵͷ֮󣬻ûüл
ھٴοˣܼܲǵ°ĴϴθշַԼҪúһ룬һôָĴ㶼Լܽһ£˼һµô
Ҫ˼·˼·
ŵʱںȻƺǿʲôƵģȻϱ˱۾˵ʲôˣһͣε̾ˣ̨ɣ⻹ٶ࿴
ˮƽУܵ
ţһתͷ㳯ܳɷһָ㣬ϴ̨֣
æȥ߳ȥʱ򣬻ܳɣ
ܳҲ͸Ͻ˳ȥﳤ滺һΪڽأǽж㣬Ǿûϵˡ
ֻǳԹȺڶѡ



ڶ 㣡
̨ԣҽʦ³ī͵ŽڣPASTAˣҲ򵥣㴦ǲе㲻̫ʰ
PASTAˣPartial Articular Supraspinatus Tendon Avulsionд˼ǸϼؽĲˡ
ֻǹؽƵҽͷϰ߽PASTA
ΪˣᣬҪڸһЩֽзרҵλúܾ׼ҷ٣㽻ǹؽҽʱ򣬾Ͳˡ
Ƥ΢΢һ̧³īһۣͳҰС³ʱһˣʱĽڵСԽԽ롣ͬ״̬£ǰǺѱˡ
ԲҪȥۿ飬ѾӴIIIPASTAҲԽء
ϾХѧˣѧѧ˰
߾ϡҪȥԣ
³īʱ̧ͷ죬ûˣԼҲû£ǹײ
ХֲǸSBPASTAˣڼؽмΪˣָͨϼļˣһؽھ̽ܽ
йоصIVIVѵ֡
ХסԺʿձҵôꡣ츳ܺãȻҲԽԽľԺ֮ǰѧͲʿ
Ӵٴʱ䣬Ѿܹʼؽмؽھˣ츳ʵ࣬Ϊ³īƷΣҪؿչIIIΪѣҪʱĥ
ȻIVܳǺͨļؽײǻûġ
Ҫϰġ
ܳ붡ϴֽ֮󣬾ͷּȫ˶ĬĬضǿгŸָɫ
д󲿷ֵǴ㵺;ηгԾ
ܳһߴ·֮󣬲ųֱ̂ߣǶŶЦЦȥƬϣ˿˵Ļ
϶ûͿʼĻⲻô
㲻ûϣҲ֣
οԴƢô𱬵ģ̶ȥˣ
ǵģԴȻһǶ
ܳɵƬһͷ˲ԾĵطⲻǼȫ˺ѣһPASTA
PASTA˶ԱҪϱڱǣŤתʱ֣ؽڷ˵ʱҲ׳֡ЩΣػϾ͸ݺܶ˶Աѵдġ
ܳɻϰЩ֮󣬾̨ԡ
Դ³īͿҲκεĽͺͷԸֻԼȥƵġ
ⳡ棬ͺһһ
ؽھĸֹߣѾװˣؽھҰһֱԴڿ˼¼϶Źͷɼǳ𪣬ϡܹŹͷϷëڣӦþǸϼ˵ĵˡ
ŽӹؽھĲλʱԴȻ˶ܳɣȻʣǽһ̨Ŷɣ
ܳæͷʵ˵ǵģʦҽǵһʦ
ؽھôԴʡ
ԣʱͫ΢΢һϿΪܳɿѣС֮ǰһֱڡ
Դȴִ˶㣬ǿܳɡ
ܳ룬ص΢֪һ㡣
̽顣涡
ֻ̽鰡һ̽һ߽˵Դܳ˦˦ԴȻʾⶡλÿ
ûжﻹ̻ŵ׸ô͵ʱ
Դ͵㣬λߵݾ˶ҽѧĴҵԱΪǴҵߣԲŴӦ˸ֵģҪܳСʱ
һǳõĽѧزġ
㣬Ҫ˷ʱˡ
ҪҪԣԴƺ֪ܳʲôƵģʡ
ܳ룬ǽӹ˹ؽھľͷȻԼ˼·һϸ̽顪
ؽھˮܺͳˮܵģˮ֮Ľṹ
ż϶ڣʮˬܳɿٶڹؽǻڻһȦ
뾵ͷҵŶͷλã۲ؽϲͷͼؽ۵Ĺؽǲ֡ͷ͹ؽǿʲô⡣
žͷǰƽ۲Źͷͼؽ۵ǲ֣Ҳû⡣
ʦ鷳ĸաܳɼǸؽھʦȻе޶ԣѵ
Դڿܳɶ΢еƺǲ̫ӦҽԺĹؽھе͵ָʽĹؽھеԼֱڲͿ㶯ˡ
ЩƬҪ׸˿ģȻֻһС֣ҲѧϺԭʼϡ
ܳ˵ҪʦգһֹؽھеȽʽģΪܳʽĹؽھϵͳ;ܳɺ
ܳɵ˵ͷԴĽ˵£Զһա
˵ɣҿġԴž͸ܳɼӴѶȡ
Щʱе֪ôǲ֪ΪʲôôʾԲʾԽ˵Ѷȣı
ܳɱԴ˿վλϵĶʦ㣬ʱ鷳Ҽ粿Գֹ۲Źͷͼؽ۵ǲ֡
ȻǰѾͷǰƽ۲Ŷͷϡ±桢ͷ츽ŵ۴޲˺ˡ
˵ļ춼ú͹⻬ġ
ʱܳԼҲԶذ˲ϵհťʾ˼£Ѿ˵ƬЩƬȷϵġ
˵Ͻ׼Ǻ˴ţǹؽھ̽飡
ֵܳʱǱԲôڵ˳ڣǰ̽롣
̽ͷ۴岢˳̶ȡ£״ʹ¼첢ڼξĶλáʱʹֱӲŶͷ죬ʹ۴Ĳʧȥ۴ǣΪΪBuford塣
Ȼǰѹؽھ·ʹǰֺʹ£ʹǰڼ۾ĵ֮λáǰؽҰвͬŵ3ʹ
ܳ˵ʱվԱߵĶ㶼΢еˣΪƽﶼ
ؽھ̽飬һ
ܳһ֣öԴ˵һոܳԾ֮ϲ
ҽʦ³īƤһƺƤ΢طе㷢ë
ȻоרҵͲʿڴӵŵģ΢΢˿˰벽ɻ֮ɫɻ֮У˿˿ľأ
֮ԳΪΪٵִҲѵִ
ԴΪ֮󣬿ڵСܣ΢ٶȰɡ
ܳʱͰٶȫʱѹؽھڣתؽھͷϷԼʹ۴
ʹ۴۴ˣͺ׳ּؽڵĲȡ˲ûС
ȻǻҪؽŹͷĸŵ㣬Ȼ󽫹ؽھˣŹؽŹͷؽͼؽں۴ĥ򲿷˺ѡ
ؽھŶͷǾҪʼ֯ļˡ
֮ǰֻǿŶͷı棬ǣŶͷ˵Ļ
ǿ΢ؽڣŶͷǣ̽Ŷͷ죬棻̽뾭ǰڽֶͷǣؽڣԱȷǷڻĤ׺λϱ۲ԶĲǷвȫ˺ѡ
ؽھ׼䣬ڡתϱϸڴ¡ֹ㴦ĥ𡢼䲿˺Ѻ͸ƻؽھ˳ڲƽ޻Ĥסĥѡ
˳ؽھ۲󲿺Źͷ˴޹ؽǸǣСѪܽ档
ٿһǰ··ΪĲ·
ؽھƵǰڣڿɷ̽롣ǰڿɹ۲󷽹ؽ桢۴ѺͺؽĤ׺ͼؽڲĥ֢ı䡣
ؽھƵǰϿɹ۲³۹۲죬ɼŶͷ۴塣
ٽؽھһǰƲָѣɿʹŹǸŵ㼰·ļ۸ŵ㡣
תؽھɹ۲ǰʹź͹ؽ۴ţҲɿʹͼ¼Լѡ
ǾҪ̽»ңɾǰԵ2cmԼвͲ¼϶
ܳһ˵һ߰ż϶ľ죬һ䡣
ЩԱߵԴͶһλǽڣһλǸڡ
һƾ飬һʱڳԾԾı־ǿԽнѧѧ֮ǰʮϤ裬ϤָϸڣҪġ
ܳɣ˿̾ȻĲ裬֤ܳѾﵽһľ磬ӵһʵĻԲڿԽѧĿԵġ
ܳڸԴ³īչʾԼĻ
һȫϸĹؽھ飬ÿ˶ҽѧҽѧϰżܺͻճӦҪÿһ̽;춼λΪֻѾλܹ֮¶ҪطҰȻٿչһ
ܳɾôˣѹؽڵнṹ¿һ顣
£ң⣬ؽڣ¼϶еȫòܳɴſһ飬ѵʱ侹ȻǺܳ
һֻʵͰԴ³ī˶޵ˣ³īᵽһ˿˿ΣյϢ
ﰵɲɣǸı̬
Լȥܱܳøô


ڶ ĴܸУ
³īǿΣֻмְƣ
ǰħԺмְƺͨĵؼҽԺмְƵĺȫһġ
ͨĵؼҽԺ˶ʿоֱӲμӹ󣬹ͿμмְƵĿԣͨԵĿԣΪ߲࣬˺õ
ʱ³īŶʿоĶ꼶
ħھҽԺʽְǲʿоЩҪвʿվĹ
һڱ˶ʿоҵ󣬶ܹ꣬ʽμӹ
ħԺʽְмְƵıر֮һǳΪסԺҲԽסԺܣסԺҪһޡŶһꡣ
ȻܹΪΡ
ʱĻѾһ˶ʿоҵ֮ĵ굽ʮ꣬ͬһģѾΪ˸߼
ǵְȴŵм
ѵ˵ΪǵˮƽŵмôħԺģͨĵؼҽԺҽȵĻ
Ǿδˡ
þãһӰҴӸĲ˵вʿѧ벩ʿѧλˣ׳ָ߾˲ţձĹɡ
ˣ³īˮƽǷɳаҽԺ˶ҽѧһרҵˮƽȲ̶ܶ࣡
ԵĶ鲻ܹЩѧʶϵ֪ƾ飬Զ˽ʹ
ⲢǾʹ߹󣬵Ұһ˸ӿǶڡ
ˣ³īܳɴ˿ļؽھҰʱһвУ
³īΪһִܸУ
³ī֪ϣرħĸҽԺ꼻һֵŶúܣҲ˵Х˵㣬ҵһЩ˺Сӡ
˵ҲԴںͶھñȽġ
ǣ
³īڶϣδйĴ
ôܳָоˣ
ָоϴڵʱ򣬻ںþ֮ǰǸʦܻħԺʱ򣬲ųֵġֻǺǸʦܰΪԭ˶ʿоҵ֮󣬾ͻȥˣԽѡ
ȻĻһ죬˶ҽѧ͹ؽƣھԺʱǸʦҪĻܣ
ʵ³īôõܳɵĹؽھԴأ
ܳɵԴԣشģѧģָо

ܳɵľ꣬΢еš
ܳɵĿ·һ̥Ƶġ
Ϊڸոտܳɿʼ֮ǰĶһЦ٣㲻ͦţܵģúõϴѧҽԺƫƫҪħԺŰ
Ȼڣ뷨ǣǸʦôô񰡡
ѹҵġϸסҪҺúչչ
ֻǣⳡͺΡ
п֣пŵڳˣԴµѧ¼ҽûУٶվżġ
ٿܳɵĲȫȶԵĻһˡ
⻹ôչˣ
ںܻţܳɲѲظΪԴڻ߶ʱ⣬ٶһ䣬СܣҪɣ
Ϊ֪ܳĿǰֳʵǺп̨ġ
Ļʵ̶ȣԴڵľޣҲΪԴʱĵһ
仰˵ǾԴڿܲˣܳϡ
գգۡ
ܳɺԴ
ܿ𣿡Դһ֮ǰû֮ǰڽʱôףû֮ǰѧХʱôʣµģȫǺͰ
ӦPASTAܳɿԴڣͣ˹ؽھλ
ؽھϵͳײϵͳһϵͳǹؽھҰλһвλײϵͳввӵĸе
ܳûѻ˵㹻ϴռ䡣
ҪԴֻǳμ棬ԴڵƢƵĻܳɵܻӿ϶Щ
Դԣ͵˵ͷУǳЧľ졣
㣬ɡСܣȥλԴûͰѾǳˡ
õġŴӦͬʱͷԵúܹɡ
ͬеίʵίֲίһֲĸо
ʦλüܺܿͻͬѧ
룬ߡ˵꣬ͶϴֻʿҪ
ϴֻʿϰѶ˹ô붨λPASTA˵ǰԵ֮󣬾ʹӼ¼϶һȻǷǳõذǰԵλ˳
ٽţͽȥPASTAĳϤȫˡ
ҲǼеĸϼѡ
а³īԴƵƵͷ
ԴҲˣΧ۵ȺҲˣǵҲˡ
ֻǰ˿̵ĺХͷϴŵһɫñӶĶͷϵƸˣӵؿܳɺͶ㣬оôһ˿˿Ī
ʧ䣡
G㣬ʵʵԴڵѧ˶ʿо꼶츳ʵųɳŮǿġҲ˵һִġ
ʤֻһʧ䣬ĻοϾѶһȽ¶֪С̳˶ҽѧҽģ
ʦ֣û
TM
ڶĲ֪ʵϰʦܵģһ͡
磬ѧϰģ߹ݵİ
߹ӦòǣҪħԺ߹ݣҲҪʮͷôһ˿˿ԣϾԴڣֲǳصģ
ֻ㼼ôãΪʲôٶӸʮ갡
Хе㻳ɣǰ˳Сŵĳƺǲһèܴˣ
ٽǱȽϳļ˵˫Ŷ̶ˡ
ħԺеҲǱȽȽģּ䴩̷룬ɵĴߴߡ

ܿ죬ڶ㡢Դܳ˵ĺ£̨ӣΪѧʹˡ
֮׼ﲡ˹ʱ򣬲˵ĹܴҽϾˣǳ˵ɸ磬ȥϢɣͺˡ
ǳ滺Ͱף˿˿ľء
ʵΪأƺǶܳɵ˾ռߣǳбģظܳɿ
򰡣ԶԶȨͶϾƣԾˡ
֣ţоǶ꼶֣Žŷǳҽܡ
ܳɡܳɻСܾͿˡܳɾԼէǱ𶯲ʹӦ˱˽иġơ
ⲻڸгĿҹϵ
֣žѹ֪֪ˣɸ
һʦ˵ĹУûа˼ȥ¼ҽˣһλһʦ֣ҲõʦϿɺͿ佱ڹаλʦҲǱ˼䡣
һ̨ʦ˶ֱӱˡ˲𡣡
һ߹ˣһĴָȻֵпյĻһԸ໥Ϥһ£ɸڿӦûñȽϾðɣ
֣Ŵһ۾Ƥڲ壬Ƚϳأʵ䲢󣬽Ŷʮ꣬ܳɻ΢СһЩ
ֻһ·ģмûκεĵ顣
ԱܳҪᡣ
֣ŵĻܳ΢еֹ
֣ţħԺоҲûʲôɼõָ߰Ǹ˾֮ǰڲμʡǿʱǼλϴѧҽԺĶоǣеһȡ
˭ģɼõˣӵİ
Щˣܹħ󣬻о̿϶û⣬Ҳôתǰ;İ
ܳɱ˵ͷ˵ãŸ磡лһ𡣡
ôꡣܳҲַʽش֣ŵ⡣
ǽгɸûˡ֣㶣ϾͶܳɲһֽҽǶʦ֣˶ʿо꼶
ɸ㺰СžС˶ôģǿһšǺӡ
Ҳرÿȫųˡ֣ذԼŸһȦ˲ܳɵľ롣
ܳɰΪ֣˴Ĵָ
磬Ǹˣ

ܳɸûü֣Ŷ˵Щʲǫ̂Ķ㣬ϴ֮󣬾ҵܳ˵СܣǵˡҺֽ˼١
ҳҰɡ
ܳĸ⣺ǻû𣿽ǲˣ
ܳɵĽŲǸ˶ĺ档
棬ܹĸС飬ÿСĴʦС鳤鳤ǲܴģҾһС鳤
СʵͶ뿪ˡ
Ž˵Ϊǳٴ֮⣬ԶвٵĿ񣬲һ쵽ضٴϴţҲǷС塣
ܳԣ˵ͷҲǻˣʦ㣬Ҳ˵༸ˣһСڹ
ǲֵĻ٣
ѽҶѧϰŶӶҲԼԼСĲˣʱܹᣬȻпֲĻǺ׾ͰԼĲ˶ȥġ
һǻÿ˵ʱ䣬ܹɡصȻܳɷֿˣΪҪȥĵطŮҡ
Լſڼ档
ܳɱ˶֮󣬲еĽҡ
Ĺоʲôӣ֮ǰڰҽԺʲôӰһĻϱдЩˣѧȴ϶㹻ʱȥѧϰȥʵԼ
ȻҲ׶䡣
㲻£㲻ѧ˶ѧϰȥѧϰ
ɮ٣㰮ѧѧ
ûôǿԵĹ涨ǾҪΪǿԾԡ
Ȼÿ˷ֹܵĲˣҲϸ£һŹŴ㹻ʱ䣬ȥףָоչ
һѧʼһܴʼҪʼӴֲоչ
൱ڵһ㿴컨ȻԼȥһδﵽ컨壬ȥ棬ѧϰΧ
ѧԺѧѧϰķΧ̫Ũˡ
ҶĻҵļʶԽԽ㣬ԽԽˮǴߣˮʯ
ĿȾ֮£Ĳ࣬ͻӴˡ
һֱܹôĻôɳаҽԺԶܸħԺ
ĵط˶Ļ൱ھͻʡȥܶ׵ʱ䣬Ϊ㼴ڲ鷿ʱ򣬾ͻ˽⵽˷ֹܵĲ˵оչõƷʽ
ҲѧϰĻᣬ൱ǴҶһѧҲһѧϰ
ͷҲˡ
ܳĺԼ
ǣܳҲ֪ĻҲ࣬ʸߵ͵֡
ͬѧϰʱͻʺõģ۾ͻԽࡣ
ЧʸߣʱͬȣǱȻġ
ԼĻƾʵĻ
ܳе㺦º顣
ûģĻܳɾãܺܿͻᱻ֣ŸˣϾǰƳɼǲ֣ܲô
²ǵġ

ȵ붡֮󰡣ͻԼıܳҲûüϸֻ˶ĺ档
ܳע⵽ˣƺҲþ˲٣ûôˣҲ΢һ㡣
ҪȥĵطǿСʵҡǿС鰡˵С鲻һʵҡ
ǿоȵȣԣȻ㿴κݣ˵ҿһЩݸ㡣
ܳæͷõģʦ㡣
ͽҶɣӦúͬ䡣Ȼתͷܳɸһ³ƺ
Ҫǰе飬ܳʦһĻԺ϶ҪôеģרҵϣѾûоԵžܹܳɵʦˡ
Ȼһʵܳɻ˵аʦ㣬ѧ磬ҲչеĻ˻˵ҵģֻһƺѡ
Һ棬϶кܶණҪʦúѧϰС
һƣһ£ȱٿ⡣
ֲЦˣ½ˡ
Ĭһŵɡ
ʵ֮Իһʱ䣬ҪĿΪ˰ѧǰĻۡΪڵĿе̫ˣû°ɣ
ܳҡͷȻᵽһ˿˿ĲԾƺոԼֽʦ㰡гôˡ
ûУʦ㣬֮ǰһֱڹࡣ
ͷ֪Ϊ˰Ҫٴĥһ¡㷢ƪ£Ѿʮ³ˣʽѧ֮ǰٵƪsci
ƪҲarticle͵ģҲһƪarticleټһƪmeta߾͵¡
Ϊֻܹõ˳
˵ˣҪҰһ㡣Ȼе㸴
ʵûϵҪǶôһ˵·ܳ۸˶Ƶģίˣί֡Աߵ˶Ŀܳɡ
ССĵ㡣
ܳɵ΢һ£Ȼлл㣬ʦ㣬Ҳллڡ
еĶڣȻǶˡ
ﰡܳûš
Ƕֻ֣ܳɣ붡ַ׷ǹʣûϴѧҲʲôʦйϵɶȴΪ񶡵㿪˿ڡ
飬ô˵ˣܳɶҲһɺһݹϵȥ
ܳҲˣΪʲôҪЦˣƾΪƽֻ΢ܵһԼġ
ֽڵĶ飬ü
ʣͳѧвѧôûһ˽Ⱑ
аɣҿѧܳҲ֪Լˮƽô֮ǰģҽѧͳѧҽѧвѧ֮
;ãһ°Ͳˡ
ţǵѧҪдµĻûҪRԡPythonѧһֹߣдµĴݡ
ϻһЩϸ֦ĩݣԸã߷¿϶ãǷֵģӦûǿеġ
Ļܳɷ˷ۡ
ʲôֵ²и߷°㣬ǹﲻ֪ӵji
ֵ£ܽСô
൱Ƕ׸µݡ
ԵݣһƪµĹǸɣ꣡
Ϊܶ׵ܳɰЩ˽ġ
ллʦ㣬һᾡѧϰģһᾡ¸ġ
ʦ㣬ͺĻҪһ𣿡ܳʡ
ٴȤģǶİţҲ϶еġ
㻹ɣȻĻֵֽȥˡ
˵⻰ʱЩɣİţܳǲڿͺúõдһʱµģû뵽ܳɲһϣͱԴں˶סˡ
ưݼ䣬ʱ򣬻ҪһЩ
ܳ˲ţֻдµĻ̫ϧˡ˵ܳɻٴҲ³
дµĹУκѵĻͺϵɡ
Ȼ㲻Ҫʵܾãʵݴģ˵ҰСʵģʵҲûʡ
ϾʦѧҲû˸ʡٺ١ЦЩÿ
ܳɸϽջ۾


ڶ ܳɣ
ܳû뵽ǣǶʵҵſڱʵԱΪ磬Ȼû˵ʵĹԱܳɵڡ
˵ûʸ񣬶ǹԱ˶㣬ܳûоʵҵĻۿԣҡҡͷԹԱ˵ܳʱʵңֻϵġ
Ա˵ܳſڵˣҪŶ뵽ʵʵĻôһҪ񣬾ǻȥúõؿһʵĻʵҵҿԣ
ֻдﵽ˾ʮϣܹ˳õʵҵӡ
ӵʱ򣬻ҪǧѺ
νǿ̣ûΪܳγԺʿѧ
ʵڽڵѧʵֱСĳԱͱѺԷһ
ͷܳɽһУܳɣȥЩʵҵĹأÿʵҶĹأǱʵСԱʵԱԾͱĳ򡣡
ǸԲѣѺĻҵʱ취
ܳæҡͷ˵ʦ㣬Ѻ飬Լ취ͺˣûϵлл㰡ʦ㣬һúûȥ׼Եġ
ȻĹеǿ𣬵ǣΪֹأܺúõذʵҾӪȥܹõѧоν߹ϵ֮ġ
һ㷴ܳɱȽڴʵˡ
Ҳڴʵܹһβһ
ΪܳɷˣԼҽѧģȻܹǰһѧͻƺ֪ǣϾЩֻģġ
ҪۻԭһҪʵС
ңļֻдϵ֪ûϸ֧֡
ͱ˵Źؽںϥؽûʱ򣬷벻ܣԤӰ첢󣻹ؽڸȾһ崴ؽûһ崴ڹؽûԤͬġ
Ǿݣȴǲõġ
ۣʵ֧ŵģȻһʱԵûʵеõ֤ʵֻȷĲ룬Ҫȥ֤С
Ϊֻܹʵʵ֤ˣӿ͹۵ĽǶȰ֤ˣỴ̈Ҳ˵

ݿ֮ܳ󣬾ͽܳɣݣһܹ֮κ˿
סκˣ˵Ǹʽ
õģʦ㡣ܳҲǳػظȻܳɱ߽˵ݣ¥ȥˡ
ǽʵҡ
ʵܶ㽻ܳҲȥѵ飬ǶԼݣܳɵ˵һֳɡ
¡ݣǺģѧ¡ѧ槼ĵsciΪױƸ񡯵ģ
ѧڻӹ񶼴ڡ
ѧĶָϵͳרŵѧʣҲѧϰ֪ʶһָ֣ߵȽоǶԴＰɵѧƻ
ڽִѧԽԽӡ
ѧ磬ѧλ
ѧλָһ˻һѧϵĹףԼѧܵۡԽࡢԽܵ۾ͻԽߣ֮͡
ʵһҽǲȥЩġ
ͺȥһͨĽˣȥظɻģҲǲЩġ
ҽٺãٺãשٺãһޣǽеļ
ļˣܹﵽޣ֪ޡ
ȥоȥµĻô컨ѾǼȶ˵ģǣѧʵûνżֻ֣֮ҪͨѧķȥоĻ
ԣԣоҲԡ

ܳɻص˳ķ󣬲ûȼȥѶԼݸ򿪣ٺúõؿ˼ƪsciģҶϸµĲ֣ҪΪµĽṹ
ΪʲôºҪ
Ϊ£ԼһŬõĽͷֵһֳַʽ

ڼĲ֣ͨĶۡǰڵопܻʲôҶʲôĽȽϸȤˣǲʲôЩ飬õʲôĽЩϽ߼ṹֳ󣬾һƪȽϼ򵥵ˡ
һƪµĺĲ֣ǽеһ仰ѡһѡ
ͱ磬ˮɫζġ
һһȽʽĽ
ǣҪõĽۣ㻹Ҫ÷ȥ֤ġ
ˮҪһģʲôˮ
ȪˮˮˮˮǴˮɫζģ
Ȼ϶ҪǴˮȻΪˮɫζģĻͻһۡ
ȵǺˮǾ̵ģˮģˮǿģˮɬģˮҺζȪˮеζ
ôεõˮҪܵķ
磬ڼΪܱյĿռ䣬УȼղĻǴH20ˡˮɫζġ
ôõʵҲǴˮҪͨ۲ɫƷζһҪظһĴȷˣܹõĽۡ
ңҪ㹻ĿŶȵĻһȥȥǴġ
һɫäأκεɫأ
һζɥʧǲζɥʧˣ㳢һζأ
ôظεʵͻʵĽӾ˵
õˮķʵƣʵ鷽֣õĽ¼ʵˡ
ȻȽϼ򵥵ʵȥȥ
ǣҪõӹٷʵĻôҪʲôɫʲô͸
ʲôζʲô̡
ôһˮǲɫǲζ⣬ˣ
ѧ΢
֪η
ܳزԼ׵ʱ򣬺ȻͷܴΪְҪȥúõظѧоʱһЩԵģԵĶʵûôˡ
Ǵ˸Ķ棬еĺоġ
ͺñȴˮɫζģɫĶǿɫζǳζ
Ŀǰѧ£һ˶һ֤ԣҪȽ϶ĲοףҲǲο״ڵ壬ǵģҾΪ˲οοΪˮֶο
һҪдµʱ򣬽ṹ͸ˣ
һȷʵ󣬵ڶȷʵĿģеʵ鷽ȥýģ׫д£
ܳڲݸֽϣд⼸֮Ȼŷ˶㷢Щݡ
Ȼ󰡣ܳɲŷеһӵ㣬Ǿǣ㷢ģȫǻԵݣȫûмκεĴڰÿһݣֻǽ˷ֿǷࡣ
ֿ˼ǣһݣʲôĽû˵ƺҪԼȥҳʲôĶĻƵġ
ݣǾ͸ôˣ˵ݾϸھһĴ󣬲ҺʣǵŨȡ
Ǿͺô˰ֻҪܹ֪ʼҺڵŨȣȥյŨȣ֪һʱڵŨȵͬġ
ȻݲͬڷƳʵ顢ʵ顢հ׶顭
ǣû
ԾǶܳһⰡ
ܳɿ˺ü֮󰡣΢ЦһʵһͳѧвѧĻģֳɵģôܹܿʵŪ
ȻʵҪ⣬ҪһпӻµĶѶȣݴȫˡ
ֻǣûôôܳҲˣڸӴѶȣҪܳɱԼȥᣬЩͬԵݣǲ
Ҳмѭġ
ŨȣλһʽӲһ
ϸûеλʽǲһġ
ҽѧʵصʵ飬˵ϸõĻʵ顢WBȣҲӦͱʽǲһġ
£ܳɱҪǳϤҽѧϸʵѧвͬʵ鲽裬ܹõЩĽܹƳЩݣһʵ鷽Ľ
Уܳɾͱеʵ鷽Ϥһ飬ϤԭḶ́ĽôģȻźýз࣬ȻٸѾ´ģʽһһݽд
֮ٿӻȻȥӦʵģ飬ñȽϹٷʵ̣׫дʵ鷽桭
ɲһС̰
ܳΪεҡҡͷ
Ȼûа׳Ե͡ʦ㿴ǸһʵֱȥдµģʵҪȥϰϤеʵ̡
ʦ㲻ЩݣԼԺҪʵĻҲȥϤЩ̵ġҪһЩġ
ϧģֻܹٴļܣûĻʵ鼼ܰȻĻǰҲйôĻʵ飬һĿѡְͣ
ܳЩڡ
鵽ʱ٣ܳĸо
֮ǰˣʵص˽̫ˡ
⻹ֻҽѧϸʵ飬漰Сʵ顭
ʵ飬˽һѧƣ֪δ֪Ḷ́мȻݶ˵ôַҪյģܳҲΪԼ͵һ߸һٴܹĳΪҽѧ֡
ٴҪǿҲͬҪ

ʮһ㣬ܳɸоЩķңⶼЩɶôһݻܹôݰ
ܳһ£һ棬İ˾ŰĪĶ֪ʲôָܳһʼΪϸ֣ϸ˵ͨ
ʲôûףôܹҳʲôʵأ
ˣȲˣģһ°ɡ
ϾзҲãʲôҲãôãҲȲùһʱ伴Ҫ
ܳɿɻûǣģаᷢһЩ顣
ǰѽģˣûܹҵеԭ͹ؼڵ㣬ԣʣµһСʱܳɴúõ֯һģ˼·ܲҵƾ֮
ɲؿЩܱⷢ

賿ʮһܳɾϿʼһֵģ⡣
ģ⿪ʼ
㵽µλѾһϿɣĵʦԼѧУ֪ڣ㾪˵ٴ츳
ƾʵۻףܿ뵽ŶУܿõµλIIIIIȨޣ
ϼҽʦӣٴеĲԽԽ࣬ɹػüȽѲĲ֮ڿվ˽Ÿ
˿̣Ҫȥʵѧϰ󣬲ңϣĵʦƼ뵽ĳ֪ʿʦֵŶӽѧϰ
ĵʦٴ츳ǴӦҪʮ֮ɹؽ뵽ڲʿʦֵʵҡ
ʵ֮׾ٵءɱĲʿʦ֡ң㻹ûеκεΡҶǳէߣ˶ʵĹز̫Ϥֻǹʧ
㱻㲩ʿʦֵĵʦɱˣԵʧȥ˽ʵҵȨʼΪרְרҵ͵ѧ
صٴ㣬ˮƸõIVȨޣڻǿУʼ룡
ĵʦϼҽʦʦֵǶΪе
ʮ֮ѾΪ˸ߣ߼Ϊʿʦ
ͬ꣬Ĳʿʦֵĵʦݣ˽Ǹ˵˹ѹʲʿʦֵһЩ£ȻʮΣ
оѾǳΪΨһһ֪оչˣΪΨһʵݵʵңѾΪʷ޷ġ
꣬ķΧУȥĿǰĹλصڵĳϡ
ֻĵʦȥʱСһˡ
ʮ꣬ΪĵǸΣգʦֵǶԶμٰطǳʢ󡭡
ģ
ģۣç֪֣֪ⳡķ֪ʵҪʵѡֶΣΪ̣ǳˣ
ɻһ
ܣؽڹ̶ȡ
ܣɱţ
⼼ܣǣţŸĿοΪɱֵ㣬̹ȻãҪΪǿǡֱԼħ
ܳɺԥѡ˼ܹؽڹ̶ȡȻϽֹͣģ⣬Ұһεģ⾭ӹٿ
Ϊˣȷһ顣Ǿǣڲʿʦ֮еһбʣûзˣԣʿʦ֣϶һؼء
ôһؼأԼĵʦˡ
һΣܳɵģ󣬾
һΣܳҪ󵨵ԴһΡ
𡪡ܳҪˡ
Ҫ߱ʦ


ڶ ؼأ
ܳɼΪ󵨵һֳԣ
Ϊعǰ漸εģ⣬ֻֿܹܳͨ˱ʣˡ
еһģУʾз˴ָȱʧȱʧָ壬ȫԴλʿʦ֡
ǣôεģУûзıʡ
һεģУܳɡλʦ֮ҲûٷıʣֻһؼأҪĹؼأðѵʦһ·
ģ⸱ֻעյĽҲǽҪٴܵģḶ́ģеԼ¼
Ҳã߮ҲãȨںˣñȽģĹϵģԲֳܳʽ顣
˰ܳҪҵ׷ʲôܻҪͨ;ȥ
˿롣

ܳɵһģĹıʣûоǰΪοĻֻһһȥԴˡ
Դĳɱߡ
֮ܳɱ㿪ʼһֵģ⣬ЯĳʼܣȻϴģͬļܣȫǺѵȼܣܳɺ׵ش뵽ѧУʦڲ
ȷģĿ֮
ģ⿪ʼ
ӵмΪʵۻٴܣڿﱻʶǰҪҪعٴ뷨뷨ǰ㱨ĵʦ
ĵʦڴʦֵڵÿռ㣡ͬ뵽ٴ֮Сѧʦֵ֮£׾ٵõIIIIVȨޡ
ңĳյУɹط˹ؽڸȾ˵ܱոȾǻ϶һٵõŶӵʶ
֮ɹõȨޣҳɹؿչһ̨ؽڸȾȫŹؽû̵õ㵼ʦĿ϶
֮Ŷӻع˲УԹؽڸȾ⣬ٴξ޵ĵʦɹ뵽ŶӣΪˣ뵽ĵһٴ⡣
칦ϣʦֶĵʦ̹ףٴ֮ϵĻ츳㡣ĵʦΪŵӣӴɹȡʦֵСʦܵλһ
ٴ֮ͻȻ裬õԲ㵼ʦ˼Ϊصؽʹˣ
㱻ˡ
ǵģܳҪĿģ˵Ҫʦɱ
ܳҪ˺Ϊܲܵõ¼ֻ塣
ϲһˣԺʿݣˣȻܹõӣǿܳɾ뿴£᲻ᷢôһ⡣
ܹͨǿ裬ԱһĻôܳɾãǳķֻΪ⡣
ĵʦʦΪ˵˺ûĵʦ˶ߣĵʦԼĹϵԼ˺̶ȣҰ鶨Ϊ⣬´
㶼ûбѧУѧǣĵʦʹԶ˳ٴصѧϰĸλ֮󣬱Ŷ룡
ǰϼʦʦ֣㲻䲻ȡʦ㣬ջ͸ݣеʵң֮⡣
ڵٴŶӣջеȨޣֻܴȨޣңеĴʦܾΪ
֮ĵʦģﵽ˶ʿоıҵҪ֮ɹҵõ˫֤֮뿪ħ
صԼڵʡݶʿоңѧĵһ꣬ڹ룬ͬͻһ㡣
һǰʿҵõ˫ѧλ֤֮󣬱ɹԺʱٻصħμһλʦֵĻʱȻż㵼ʦڵŶӣ̬ȿʼת䡣

ʮ֮ѾΪ˹ĹؽƵǣ㵼ʦٴŶӵʦ֮ϣĵʦԽؾã㵱ֻΪ⣬ǹ⡣
ĵʦԼʦ֣ʼ㶦ٵħܾ㵼ʦʦֵĺ⡣
ʮ֮ΪʡȫΪĲʿʦٴģʼ߷壬Ѿʮ͵ٴ⡣
ڣһ꣬ĳλʿʦ֣ɹʿҵʿڶʱޣʮꡣ
һ꣬зɹڹ룡ġʿʦڻعٴ֮Щģʼʮĸ䣬ѧϰ
ʮ꣬ѧڵĵλΪʦ
ܳɿʱ򣬺Ȼɫһ١
ô鰡
ʿʦ֣ôܵѧٴˣ
֮ɹؽġʿʦֹմ㹤ĵλְ㱻ĵʦԼʦƿڴҪоѵơġʿʦѶ
֮ĿС飬ȫҶα뵽ѲΪٴġʿʦ֣Ϊ˹֪ԺУڡ
ɹرɣ
ʮ꣬ɹͻ˹ؽû΢ʽüܣ΢ȫŹؽû
ͬ꣬ĵʦأȥݷʱǳοضʾϿɣͬʱʦֵǣҲΪ١

ģ
ģۣƸۣһԾΪĿģǾˣдһٴСֶΣСڣ
ѡ¼ܡ
ܣ΢ȫŹؽû

Сܿ϶ѡ˰ֿԵļܣһģ֮ϲˡ
òһεģ⣬һж
ôô˵ǲǿôأ
ʣʵԴͷΪģ߲Ӳģ
ԿóԼλʿʦ֣оʮشҪѳʮоܹչ͡
Ϊʲôԭ򣬲ŵǴεıʷ
ɱˡʿʦ֡Ȼ
˺˵ʦҲϣҲȻ
ǰļΣ
һεģ⣡
ԣ
ġ
ܳɷһڡ
ǾǰԼԵһرؼأǾƿ飡
ڵһηʵʱ򣬾ƿʧˡԵ˱ʵķ
ļαʣҲûἰƿɹ
ȻΣԼȥɱˡʿʦ֡˺֮⣬һؼؾǣƳɹؿ˲ʿ
һ£һࡣ
ܳԽؾãԼѾǽӽˡ
ҪҪһ£
ۡ
ûֿܣ
ϣʮӡ֮ǰһֱΪԭ򣬲ħԲԼռƵ顣
Ϊ֮ǰ˵˵ģԣϴӦ˾û취ܾǣʵƲĹŵӣ
Լһп޵ƷԼֻܹΪƶ˵˺ܶû
ԣƿ֮Ͼͷǳġ
ûãϾ;òˣȻʼˣ
ʼԸ˲鿼ԺѧУĹϵȻͲСĲ鵽λʿʦȥ
ڲ֤ĹУ˲ʿʦֵĿ󣬱㵼һεıʡ
ģʵ໥Ӱ졣
ûн뵽ٴûʶκ֮ǰģĹôдģ
֮شڶ֮µλ㱻Ÿһλʦ㡣շ֣ʵʱ䣬ûʦ档
ϸط仰Ļ˵ԼȻᱻȥʦȥ
Ȼ󱻰ŹȥˣͲˣʱԼЯĳʼܣܶûüʹáǣʵУ죬ԼѾٴУһѣԼ裬΢һ㡣
εģͱ
칦ϣʦֶĵʦ̹ףٴ֮ϵĻ츳㡣ĵʦΪŵӣӴɹȡʦֵСʦܵλһ
Լ㣬ϵ̬ȣ̴ֻϲƣˣ˭
Ҳ̫
ʵ˰ɣ

ٿ£
ºһͻıʣĵʦ£Ĳʿѧ飬ʹ˻λӰ
֮ʦֿʧĵʦʮѹΪ츳ƽƽ˻ʵûκҫ֮ʼ㲻䲻
ǳ˱ʵģ̣ʾôһؼ㣬Ǿǣƿ飡
⣿
Ļ
ǲǣڲμӲʿѧԵʱ򣬻Щʲôƽ߲Ĵ
ĻͲܹܳҵ˵İ
ƿֲܳȥ

ôһؼ֮
ܳɾٴο˵εģ⡣
ģ⿪ʼ
ӵмΪʵۻٴܣѾڿﱻʶĵʦ̬Ȳ䲻ȣĵʦѧ㡮ʦ֡뷨
ĵʦȰο㳤ʮյʱ䣬Ȼ֣ͬ󣬷뿪
ʮգϲͬ⣡
ʦǸһԾŶˣΪƾͶԼʲôر뷨ʱֻԼıͽҲǸˡ
ܳ˼䣬γԺʿƷǿġ
ǺεҪڿϾܹ췭ظðɣħĹǿƽ߰㶼пܣվʵٱЩʲô
ˣܿħίԱ쵼㶼ŵףΪԺʿǿֱӺ͹쵼㹵ͨģ
Ժʿǹѧ۷壡
ºμȫͳһ˶ʿоѧԣıԳɼΪɹشﵽ㱨ĿԺУķߡ
ºԹУΪһѧޣԹУûٴĿ࿼ˣĿѧоΪհףһ˶ʿоѧʧۣ֮
ġʦ֡ġʦ㡯ύ㶼ܾˣʡĳ֪Уɹػѧо
ٴշתѧĵʦѧƽˡ͵㿪ʼٴʼ
ġǰʦǰʦ֡Դ˼ΪΣ㱣֤ԺȥʿǱл⣬ʼϳϿҿңҵҵؿʼٴ֮·
һ㣬ܳɹǰõģĿľֻǰøơ
ܵķӦɡ
ֻǣôһʧ֮շת˺üεܳɣҲòչˣֻ˵ѧ˶ʿȴרҵ˶ʿ顣
һٴ⡣ɹرѧУƸתΪֱңͬμȫǿᣬԽߵݣʡ
ġǰʦǰʦ֡ʢд㣬Ǹ⣬㲢δȥҲûԹޣڴ˴ϣȥħѧϰ룬ġǰʦȻͬ⡣
㽻Ľܾ㽻ڸУԺ롣ƪ߷£ٴ⣬¸ġǰʦٴٴ󣬻صʡǰʿҵɹԺ
ƾ迪Եļܣ΢Թؽûĳ쿪չɸԣڹ롣ڵõĳ֪Уҽʿ󣬻ΪУĿڡ
Ϊ˶ʿоʦ
꣬ٴڹؽڸȾȡͻƣɹرΪʿоʦĿۼߴǧ򣬵ѧɹֵԤڰϡ
ɹԼɣĳλСɹɣСҵһڷΪΪ֪ҵ
ĳ֪ҽе˾Ҫչǹ˾˳µĽ֮ձǹ˾չ
ȵȣܳɿʱ򣬺Ȼͣһ£ΪһϤĴʡ
С飡
ܹģ棬ʳֵģֻˡ
߮硢ϾȨ
һѵе
߮磿
ƣֻ߮Ĳȥ鰡
ϾҾֻʵһŶ顣
ȨŲԲȣһͲʲôǮˣһףܳͿˡ
ֻܳǲʲôϾԼļﰡô˵ˣüòǼʮӦûеģ趼ˣֻҪ̸ѡ
سǻǵؼһ׷׸װޣʱ԰ţҲ԰Ÿʮġ
԰
ܳɶһؼϢ˵ãԺҪλС顯ء
ܳڵĺܶ࿪Եļ˵΢ڹ̶΢ŹؽûҪеЩеʵûеġ
ԺĻһ˫Ӯľ棡

ʮ֮ڵٴŶӣܵ˶λڽҽרŶӽʽѧϰ
ڴ˹УƾųȻҶصյߣҵڵ΢е㡮һλʿоʦĸԼİͽPK
ڵĵλֶһλڣһλʿоĵʦڵĵλǿƵۺʵλȫǰߣؽȾȫǰ
ڵĵλһλְڿʼȫְҲһڻְƣȡ˲ʿʦʸͬ꣬ڵλĲʿʦߴ17λʿоߴ10λλȫǰС
룡
߮Ҳʼ³˰дС˵ˣ
ܳ²һ֮
Ϳģֿʼ
ʮɹػŹؽڱԣ˴οĳɹڵĵλؽƣλȫڶ
֣ؿԺʷУʷ֮С
꣬ɹسΪ˫ơԺʿ

ʮ꣬
ģ
ģۣαߡĵΪӭ𣬴һͷɵķڡʵȾǰСоͻƣȻ㹻ش󣬵޷дҽѧʷ綥Եʵź
ѡһ
Źؽڱԣ
Źؽھƾ飨

ܳɿЩǻسһȻ̾һ
ǵģɹҵǴαʵĵƿ飬رƿʧˣ²ء
һô㣬ϣƵִȻǰòΪƵļͥԭҪħ顣
Ҫϧһд۵ȥæģڣǶʲôֶΣȻʹλʿʦֵĿعԭ
ķ
֪˵ôͺðˡ
˾˶ΣøƣȻأԼ־Ϳ⣬Ŀ⣬顣
԰ʵµԼռƵĲʿ
һֱΪţ˭û취κε
϶겻ѧˣֻΪٳɽ
ܳɶֻĽƵķݶ
һһεģ⣬ԼпԵķˣȻŵҽѧԵ߽ƾٴٴͻƣ޷õģ
ľҪʵҽѧĸ߷壬̫·Ҫ߿


ԽԽѣԽشԽ߸

ܳɱŽ˽շݵģ⣬ȻĿʼ㣬׺Ҫô죿
ܳڵѡʵܶࡣ
һܣԼȥ죬ûã죬ǼûëǮϵҲν
ڶģ˼·ѡʿʦ֡صը׸ɵ
˳˵ǻַʽ˳ԭƵĻᣬٻƣʡȥȥ죬ϵ֮Դ
ǻûеأ

գȻ˯ܳԾؾˣʼ˳ܣͣϴ裬ˢײ͡
꣬ʱ仹磬ߵ롣
ܳʱ򣬿֮ܳǰڰҽԺ칫Ϊֵֻҽæд౾
Ĺܴҽƺû
ܳɵ˺Ҳ֪ôӺ𣬾ֻܸվŵȡ
ֵҽܳɶʶҲʶܳ˭ֻǴֵܳһۣͷƺǻܳǲǸ̥Ƶģô
͵˰ɣ˯ˣûף
ϵʱ͵ˣûû̸
ܳ΢ЦЦԼˡ

ڣߵʮʱһһ󲨵Ĺܴҽڼڣ˿
ȻҲܹϵؾֱȥ˽ңʼĽճ
յĽ࣬΢е㲻һľǣԴڣΪΣڽҵʱ򣬿ܳɣǳͰ׵ضЦЦ
˵Сܵ˰
ܳæͷȻӭ˶ͶĿ⣬ʦ
ԴҲûܳɶ˵ελã˰ˣʿʵϰҽʵϰʿԺĹࡢоȶǶܳɶ࿴˼ۡ
ޱվȺУû֣֣ȴŲܳԱߣ˵ɸ磬ֽƽٵˣ֮󰡣ƴҶüסˡ
ˣ
ڽ֮ԴȾΪηˣҾðҵѧϰΧܸߣڵˣرǵоҲΪʵܲ
ҶҪŬԼרҵѧд£еһУӦڰרҵõĻϵģûרҵд£Ǿǳ¨ӡ
Ϊд¶д£һҪһٴģһ㣬ǴҶΪ䰡һЩûˮԸҲҪȥ˷ѡ
ҰרҵҪãرǾ졣
ͬ־ǣ˶ҽѧĻǲҪܼ򵥰һҪպáǿҰҰԽôԽӦ֡
һ㣬ҪרŵرһСܣǿɲҪľ죬ĺã
һСľ졣
Դؿ˶ͽһ
Ҳӭϵˣ͵ȫ棬رżĲе㷱ظ
ǿǵСΪѧߣˮƽѾǳˣǿһЩмְƣδܹﵽˮ׼
㣬ХǶҪúõط˼һ£ЩΪʲôᣬΪʲôȫ
ȻֽڣڣлƽڣСأĿǰ࣬лĻϣλҪԴһ²С
Ǻʵϵ˵Ҵʱ򣬴˷˷һϺõҾãСܵ񰡣ǰЩǿƵСƣơ
ôһ˵ڶλһλӺܸߣܸݣƤеڣرɺͽʡǱߵıʶȵĽڣתͷ˵С˭
ֽڣôأǿƵѧ𣿻ʵϰģдʦ𣿡
λоȻڿʼôʱܳɾͬһһٴ˺ܶĿ⡣
ܳɲ⣡
ҿӡơϿٳľͨܣô뺷ôбʶȰһӾͱŪˣ
оͲʿʦֵǶԶܳɸԵԲа
ƵʦܣʦĹŵŶС磬ڸŶѧϰһ¡˵
ڿǳƣС㡣
ôһ˵ƽڵЩʦѧѹˣʦûչѧˡ
ǵģϵһŵӡƣֻ˵оѧ
ˣҪ˵ľЩGʿʲôҪ˵ûеĻͲ鷿ɣƽڣѧ鷿ɣǿƵʵϰŰ
һʵϰҿǲġԴ⽻
ãȻʵϰ߰Ƚѧ鷿֮ȥǵĴʦʹʦʦϡƽھͶһȺǽվʵϰԸ
ûΪܳɵĳ֣Ͷһˡ
ѧϰΧҲܳɿ۽磬ϾڰҽԺʹûйѧ鷿
ܳĿЩ⶯Աߵ֣ž˵ɸǿһѧ鷿һ飬ǳ飬ǻƽ顣ܶģҴ̲鷿ʵǶ˸ʵϰԵһ
ʱ򣬶࣬Ҫǽ㡣
ܳɵ˵ͷȻ򣺡ŶллŸ磬ôһǺսǵˡ
֣˵ɸ˰ɽˣר˵İɡľ죬ֽڶο佱ˣǾûô
ֽڿɲ˵ġ֣Ÿп뵽˱Դ֧ʱĳˡ

ٴβ˷ԴҲûܳر֣ͶչˣǴֻܳɵһ׿͡
עͣ׿ͬԹۿͣԱ߿ֻܱš
ٴҺܳҲûʲôֵĻᣬҲû̫Ļᡣ
֣ţ̨õһ̨ٻᣬȥ˰Сʱͱ̨ˣġ
ܳҲã֣žǶڵѧҾ³īҽʦҲһо³īڶѧĽ׶ΣѧҲһԻûĻᡣ
֣أǱȽǸ滹мȥؽھ岻ȥżӾͱ̨ˣ
̨ϣ˶֮⣬һ١в㡣רҵͲʿһ꼶ʦ֣һ̨򵥵ϥؽھ»ĤгĲų̂
ģ֣˵һʿ꼶ʦ֣ͱԱˡ
ַΧ֮ǰڰҽԺĺгΧܳɾΪӦǣ붼õĲ֮£ħԺĹǿоͰҽԺо
Ĳ϶ֹһǰ㰡
̨ܹǵȫˡ
ȫ̹ۿû˵ҲĬĬ뿪ңֱʵҶȥ
ܳأҲǱӵˣֻǸܳɷϢȻȥú׼д°ɣҪҲд¡
ֽڸҽˣʱʹ㣬ϤķΧͲϰ֮ʼ
Ҷôģ˺ܶ࣬ԣ᲻׺ƫġ
ܳæ˵õģллʦ㡣

ֻǰܳɲûоֱӻؼңյ֣ŵԼ˵моܳʶһ£ԺͬѧһԸһۡ
Ժ໥ѧϰСŶӰÿڶһѧСᣬˣæóһƪףһ½ʲôģȻһдṹݡ
Ǿ׵СɣÿλߣǻԮţ
СŶӰʵԴ£СļԱܳǸŶģҲԱ֮һ
ܳȻӦ˵ðէܹ֣ٷ롣
϶кܶأкܶԼõģóᣬúõ˽һ˶ҽѧҡ
ÿ˵µĵطٵһؼ㣬ȥһͣ϶ǲеġ
Ǿ˵˰Ÿ磬һʮڳԷĵط棡
˰Ÿ磡ܳվ֣Ÿ磬ĳƺҽԺֻͬһ֡
ϣҶôģǰҲʦְһЩѣʶҵġ֮󣬴ҾͶˡ֣Ϊ˵


ڶ һţ
֣Ÿܳɷ˳ԷطĶλܳڵͼϸ·󣬱
õģŸ磡
ģ໻·ţѾʮˣܳɸϵʱѾĵʮ֡
Ҳûطȥܳɾڼ΢һóһոµıʼǱʼдд
ܳɵһϰߣʼǡرǳէһطʱ򣬱ҪúõñʼǲСſذϵ
ʵڰҽԺãһӾŪˣħԺˡ
ǳ۸ӡ
֣˵ܹǿƿң⻹ǼѾȥ˵Եʡ
ԺʿµԺסԺԼûüŶӵסԺҽʦһٶˣҪѻʿŶҲϣ˿ˡ
Ժҽͻʿıʣϸƿ12ң
ҽʦĶ黹ǻﶼд˶ʿоʿоʿվĹԱҽҽ
⻹Աȫͱ磬Դ֪ڣԼרŵٴŶӣе˾ҽҩ˾ħԺչĸָٴ⡣
ӵԱãɲ㲻ġ
Ļһ˲õˣС㴩СЬ˵ĻǾûҪˡ
Ա϶ϲȫģܳɾȰԼСڵĳԱһ¡
Դ飬Ժҽʦֻĸ
Դڣڶҽʦ³īסԺҽʦХ
ЩڱңҽԺڱԱǾԵϼҽʦ˵ƹв˵ҽšתĴȨ
ܳɽЩ˵һһ˳֮ҪгΪڵĹܴҽЩ˵Ĺϵеġ
ĸԺҽʦ⣬иסԺˣ˶רҵ͵Ĳʿһǲʿ꼶һǲʿ꼶ҵ
ҽʮڵרҵоͨҽʦ
רҵ˶ʿо֮ǰĶϾɳ˶ǿڴеѧ˶ʿо꼶꼶ĸ˶ʿһ꼶ѧѧǹĵĸ£
ͨҽ֮ǰܳڰҽԺĵλˣûдʦ˵֡
ܳһ£ôԴ飬һ42103221ˣ⻹ǲ¡
ԼҲϣܹ22ˣ֮ǰҽԺһҵˣҪö࣡
ԴڵܹʮţȥĸϼҽʦסԺܴ֮⣬Ҳ15ˣԭϷֹʮŴÿŴ
ʮ˹ܴʱ򣬷ĸС飡
һСĴͷˣҲܴ
൱ʣµʮһ˷ʮŴλ͵ɮ٣
רҵ˶ʿ꼶һС飬ܴȻԹҽһС飬˵һԹΪСġͷ硯
˻֣ҲԴн࣬оԹΪƽĻˡ
УС鸺ϼҽʦƶȡ
ʹ

аСʱ֮ܳɲڰҵϵŪ
ҵҽڱܹʮҽȻڿĲʿоа˸רҵ˶ʿоƶʮλ
ôTMһһֵᣬǸ⿪ôܳɵ²š
ʵϰҽϵĻĲ鷿ȺŹ˰
ǲ㲻֪һһŶӣҪöֺͲĻᣬ˰òϵ͵͵ϰ࿴飬ܹôľ£ȡôһĻˡ
֮ǰڰҽԺ̶ܹǲ̶ϼȻͶϾһҵоܳɺȨֵܹ࣬Ļᡣ
ңЩƣֻʱٴϵƣͬһٴСоڳ˿֮ȥ˸ԵĿСʵҡ
еоȥҵʵʵ飬ΪʵоС֮һһЩǿƵʵңҲҵԱʵ顭
һˣŴ
ʣµĴ󲿷ʱѧϰٴ£Կе£ʵ顣
΢иһͱ˦˺棬ذ
ܳͷȻԼСĸ˸Ȧ˳
ܳǸŶģΪһСġͷ㡯ˣ
֣ţ򣬹ޣ
֣ţ˶ʿо꼶Ƕڵ˶ʿо˵Ƕڵĵо
ޣоһ꼶ХסԺҽʦ˶ʿо
ܳûХְڶ꣬ͳסԺͬʱõ˶ʿоʦʸ񣬲ҽһ˶ʿо
ʿҵְ֮һõ˹Ȼѧ𣬲ң˶ʿڼ䣬Ϳʼط¡
metaŷ¼ܼʮƪԴڵҪ࣬ٴϣҲΪ
гѧľĿǰʽְ⣬ԴڵĲʿվĹԱ
ˣԺ
ϰסԺ˶ʿʦ˵һѧ
³īҽʦҲǽõ˶ʿоʦʸ񣬻ûѧ
֮кХһϯ֮أ
ޣҲǾ֮Ŀɽӡ
ܳڼһʹ򳵸Ŀĵأ˵ط֮󣬾͸֣ŷһϢ˵ԼѾˣȵǡ
ܳû뵽ǣ֣ǱܳɵĻҪ硣
֣Ÿܳɷ°ֺ󣬾ܳԼҽܳڷԱָ£˰󣬾Ϳ֣
һԲԲϰһײߣÿ˵ǰһ豭һղ豭
֪˭һͶӰǣȻͶǽϣȫӢĵ£Ȼǹָָ㡣
ܳƿź󣬴һ΢ͣһ£Ȼܳ¡
֮ܳ󣬹޾͵ɸˣŸ磬磬Ҹ£ûҪĵģʦҰȸǿ
ûĻҾͷʦȥˡллǡ޷ǳ˫֣˶Ҿ
⶯Ŀܳе±ơ
治Ϊѧô
ѧ°¾Ѿдˣ
ܳɿһ£д£һƪnetmetaҲ״meta
metaǴǰʼеһ·񣬶״metametaչ档ͬʱȽϵĸԤʩЧ
£дǷǳѵġ
ʣƪ£ӻǷǳõģֻ㷢ֵȼڿ
ͬȼ£Ҫݺ¸ʽȫһġ
޾˵ʦ֮˵ǿͶһJAMAӿ
ô˵ţЩƺе㲻˼
ǣʱ˰֣
֣ŵҲ˳飬˵Ҳ̫ˣJAMAĴڿӿӰҲʮϣ͸㣬ëʦֿа
ǲľ飬10ֵ¶ûͶⲻΪô
ԣ͵Ÿ磬磬ǾͱҿЦˣʵͶһƪķֵڿʦҷʽǰ֮ǰµķдģ
ͬڿѡ͸ʽǲһġ
ԽǸߵȼڿҪԽߣµչʾݣҪԽߣ
Խô˵͵ǾͲҶ˵ɶˣֻܽţơ
ģĽֱӷʦֱӿƪmetaֻ˵ԳRԴɫһ£ReVĿӻͼθۺȫһ㡣
RԺReV´Ĺߡ
RԵĻҲᰡ磬˵Python㻹ѧϰܷܲһ£
ãȻͷ㡣
ȻҪͶJAMAӿĻҽ㻹Ƕ࿴һĿڿmetaľʽƻҲֻܹԼȽε
һûз߷µˣܹȽʵʵĽ顣
ܳɿˣ˵
ֻ֮ǰں˵Ļ֮ǰΪںǫ飬Ŀǰƿں֮ǰ˵¶Ƿθ֮ԡ
sci£УڲαȽϸߵڿˣsci֮£CSCDͳԴڿʡмڿ
ؿżװһ֮󣬲˵˵ĻڣܳҲû˵
ްѵ֮󣬴ҾͲŰѻתƵճĽ֮Уڽ̸ĹУܳɾͷ֣ʵ޼ˣԸǱȽġ
֣ڻ죬ǳ򣬼ʶҲܿ㣬ʲô⣬ܺһš
ġȦƣ̸
֪ģ˵RĻʱ֣Ÿڼߣʦڶ࣬Ƥʲôҽָѣǿǡ޴֣
أֱȽģԸȽͣʲôʲôҲ˵²𣬵ÿؼĻڣܹƵ
һֱȽصʣܳ΢еĥ͸
޾ϲ͵ˣ˵ģʵ˵ȫװ档ˣװ棬ֲֹһ
ʢˣֻżڻ֮䣬͸һ֮ɫŶˣ
ǣ䣬ûѻתƵרҵķڿܳɵУҲ˿˿ļɵ֮ɫ
ܳɴǵʱҲͬڴܳɡ
ĸĵûԼ´лᣬһԷŸ뿪ʱܳɲŷ֣ԭ˶˰ǿġ
Ǽڳ극󣬻ԻصԵоСܳҲĴ󲿶ӣֻˡ

֮ܳɵɫ
֮ǰ뷨ֻΪԼڵʵѾǲˣϾӵһٶȼļܣôһԼõЩܰ
ȫֻһ߼
ȥµȥԼһ·Լɽķ;յòԼķҲ
ǰĵλܳɽյĹǣûã
ʲôãȫ̸ֻֽѡ̸ʵûκεãҲøãҲԸõβ
ǣ֣ǵ˵ȴô롣
ΪǴӵһֱȽϸٹ̵ĹǾǣЩôãҲҪȥҶĻôҽѧĽͻͣͲǰ
νĿֻۣǳԲ˵ѣ
п϶ãʵϸߵɽ壬ֻҰøӿһŰˬУ
ʲôŰǾ𽥵ʶԼС֣ᷢճҽѧ֪ʶҽѧĳʶʵŸָǣ
Ϊ֪µ𽥲ţŵԴȪ
֪ηǽк£
֪΢ǲηηΪʵɽĹУһֶԸߴһִ
ȣ˺Сѧ۷ȣ˵ѧʶС
ǰڰҽԺһʦȻһͻȻ߮磬Լ۽硣
ϧԼûȥʶϴѧҽԺʲôǣ죬ҷԼеƮˣʼŲ֪ߵغˡ
һǾãĻѣľ֣Ļ飬Ŷӣġ
ܶ˶㣬ϱ㣬ûôѣΨһҪģԼ㡣вʲôߴϵ飬Ҳʲôù
ֻһֿѧķˣֻÿѧķԼ֪Խ㡣
ΰ󣬵ҲСܳɵ̬ԽԽȡ
֣šȥǵĿСʵ飬Ҫȥʦ£ܳҲû¿ǰֻû磬ʵ㣬ѾΪһš


ڶ ٳӣ
ص˳ܳɲûż֮ǰϣȻһԼѾõĻܣ
ҽѧͳѧҽѧвѧ
вǸߴϵĶҲʵڵζѧ̤̤ʵʵģͨһķķʽȥ̽һĿԴ𰸵Ĺ̡
Ҫдµʱ򣬲һ£ʵҽѧͳѧҽѧвѧѧƣǻķҪд£ѧʣͱʵ
дҽѧµĹУҪʵۻġ
ָʵ
ҽѧͳѧĶ壬øͳƵԭҽѧʵʣоϵѼƶϵһѧơҽѧоĶҪԼ˵Ľйصĸء
ҽѧвѧĶ壬̽Ⱥм밲״ķֲӰأ̽ƼٽĲԺʹʩѧơ
ͨ׵㽲ҽѧвѧѧʵֱӶȺȺķ򣬵õԵݡõ˻֮󣬾ҪҽѧͳѧķݴʵҽѧĽ۳
ͨ׵㣬ҽѧвѧǰѲݻҽѧͳѧǰٳۻ
κһƪ£˵ףη仯䲻ڣ
ǣȻ˵ǻˣӦԵḶ́ǵԼȥһߡ
̣ͺñȣװ޲϶˼Ҫôװޣװ޵ǽϣһԵļ⡣
ҽѧͳѧвѧеҽѧ˽⣬ǻ᲻Ӧãһˡ
Ȼܳ˼ص㣬ǾãԼֱд͵£ϵǷȱǸһдһƪmeta
ȳһдµọ̈̄Ϥȫ֮ȥʼдmetaѵ͵£ĻͲǰڵĻۡ
ҪӲջо͵£Ҳǲԣǿ϶кܶε޸ġ
ĥ󿳲񹤡
ȻˣҪúõ飬Ҫ±
metaҽѧͳѧѧƵĻγ̣ڱƵĽѧУǲԵġֻǣȻѧĩĿԣȴԿԵһűȽǳŵѧơ
MetaMetaanalysisڱȽϺۺͬһѧоͳѧǷȡоϵͳеĶϲ
뵥оȣͨоɸ׼عҽЧ̽о֤ݵһԼоĲԡ
оһ»ͳѧʱMetaɵõӽʵͳƷ
ҽѧͳѧѭ֤ҽѧһѧƣѭ֤ҽѧ֤ݵȼϣmetaǿŶԱȽϸߵһ֡
¶ʮһѧƣҪʹ÷ǶԼѾеоر飨RCTݵụ̀ͨ϶RCTݣõӿŵĽ
Ϊmetaĳ֣ʹúܶRCT£ٴλµĻ
Ϊʮ꣬ҶԿѧоӣԼҽѧͳѧķչmetaѾʼ𽥷ģ2ԤʩѾӦѧƷչҪ
״meta
ܳǾ͸Լ˸СĿ꣬ǾҪҪҲдһƪ״meta˵
״metaĶڼӱȽϻӱȽֱӱȽϺϲͬʱ2ϸԤʩMeta
2ٵӱȽMetaֱӱȽ£ڹͬնԶԤʩбȽϵMetaڻЧӦ
ҪдµʱȥһдķǱȽѵĵ㡣
ǰڱ˶ԣܳΪһӵһٶȼܵġûôෳˣΪȥһʽġĽʽ봫ͳʽĶԱȣͿдһƪõ³
ͱ磬ܳɺܿҵ˼ƪǳŹؽڽ˲RCTǻûһͳһı׼

ܳɸѡ˺һûҵӦmeta֮󣬱ȷ˾д򣬴ȷ֮
СдĶͶˡ
ΪŹؽڽ˲˵ƷʽһΪ֡
ͳŹؽںŹؽû֫
֫϶ͱ˵ġ
ŹؽûֳַһûǶû
ô㣬дһƪ״metaˣΪ㹻ĻԷֳ顣
š
ȷˣȷ˷֮󣬽ҪľǰеܹҵRCTҵ
ҲǹŹؽڽƵRCT¶ҪȥĵҲãӢĵҲãֻҪԼģҪҵᷨﺫȵȣ㶼԰ййŹؽڽ˵ݣҪȥ
ȻԵĻҪеȫӢףȥ
ǻĹأRCTµʱ򣬾͵ȥˣȷؼʣȡ£Ķȫģȷͣ͵£˵case reportֱ
ϵͳعˣҲҪֱ
RCSҲǻعԶоĻݹ۴
عԵĶо̫ѡƫУûRCTôǿ˵ģ

̺ܷܳһֱæʮһ㣬ǿе¶ȻܳɾûټȥˣǰѵһأŸϽʼһֵģ⣡
ģ⣬ܳɵĿĺȷҪ
һģ⣬ܳɾͷǳ˼άģ棬Ʋμħ֯Ĳʿѧ֮ǰ˰Ƶĸ׸ƭ˾Ƶ꣬ȻþƵϵƲĸʧ֮󣬹ȻƵĿʧ
εģУϸ
ȻһΣıøӿһЩ
·һ£ͷ⡣
һβûӰ쵽ܳɣܳ˳˳ˮõһIIIܵܡ
ܳٴȷһ£ǾĿǰϣʵ̫ˣ̫ϣܹħˣΪˣϺСİǸʿʦֵĿ¶ˡ
ţܳɾ̿˵ڶεģ⣡
һεģ⣬ܳɾڿֱ֣ӴƽڵĿȻԷײڶ֮ƣʼһΡ̩ɽѹ·֡
Ȼ󲻹Ƕ̶̰µĹ򣬾Ͱϸը˳
Ϊʿѧ·ݣȻιаϾٴ֮Уܳɻ֮
ٴοʧʱͳˣ
ĵʦġʦֿ֡Ľ飬

⣿ܳĿɿڴ
ϣһԺʿҲô۵ô
Ȼһεģ̣͸˳˳ˮˣϵķ֣ܳվʱķϣʮ꣬ͳɹؽ뵽˫Ժʿ˳ŵ֮ĵڶ
Ƿǳˡ
ٴεõһԼܡŹؽھŹؽڱԣ
ȻڵεģУܳһ£ԼЯĳʼû̫ãȻȥƽںڣ
ĽǣܳٴĵڶܣͱϳٴȻܳɳΪͨ˶ʿоƶܳòʿо
Ϊ˶ʿоûرơ
ǰһܳɵģ˼·ѧϰҽѧӢڲٴν
ܳ˶ʿоҵ֮󣬾ͱϳҽԺֱӻصԭʡݣ˸ؼˡ
ģ
ģۣƽӹӹӹµµһ
ɻһ
ҽѧӢͨ
žʹڹ̶
ǹؽλַλ

ܳɾѡҽѧӢͨ
ӢرҽѧӢٴҽѧѧϰһҪߣΪҪܳɾȥôһģⷽ
ͨ϶ˣ̫ˣҲûҪȥ׷
ܵĹ룬ܳٻ쿴ףͻûʲôĶϰˡĻҽѧרҵףһרҵʿӢ˶ʿ߲ʿо϶Ķϰ
PSӢҲŵѿȥԣĶڿsciencenature
̹
ܣӦòԵɫˣܳɵૡ
Ϊ֮ǰ붭ں빫ĹУ˽⵽ڵһЩŶӣǼĶŶӣҪJAMAڿҪҹ˾߻´ǵɫġ
ΪڵһЩӢʽصΪµͶʣỨǮɫһ¡


ܳħĻΪƵķɻѾӽˡ
Ϊ˲μģ֮ǰаƵĴְ߳
ǰҽԺڱԱְҲһʱܹ㶨ģҪǰ֪ͨټϣ˶֪Ƶʵݡ
ȻҲЩʣԲʮ˳˳ˮ
ĲֹܳһˣƽҲڣƽڳϣܳɾڻĳڴţƳ֮󣬾͸ƽϵȻƽڻῪ
1347֣˰СʱƣǴԼõĳڳˡ
ʦܳæǰȥʼæ
СܣˡûܳɣԱһգȻЦŵԿ԰㷢ҵĳҿˣոտһСʱӺܺá
µĸʽҲǳʺڡֻǣ⼸ģЩŵܳɣ
ܳɲħðһڣ͸һƪ³
Ҳͨmeta״metaⲻ
˰ʦƪ£ʵ֮ǰ˵ˣֻһֱûʡܳ˲֣ùַ
Ҫ֪ޣƪ¾ǴӿѧͿʼ㣬Ҳ£
ܹħģܸĻ϶Ҳԡ
ܳһڸˣôһ㺧ŵ˼
Ҿ˵ƵɫʼȻ
ʣ¸˿ǸʲôûУ
ܳɾ͵ʦҵĳ壬ⲻ޸һҸƽʦʦȥģð޹˵ҺøԶ
֮ܳԲȸƽǣһϤƽǰŵȸŶ㣡
дArticleдһƪmetaǲҵģ
ܳ˵ʱ򣬻õƵӡ
ƾ͵ţģ״metaĻǽһmetaҵʱҲֻдһƪmeta¶͡
Ҳ˼ƪͨҵʱܸܲһϤⷽˣɫ
Ϊڵƪ£ӽṹûģԸǿˡҲѾ֮󰡣ʦ֡
˵ŵʱƽھͿˣȻܳɺ˸Ͻֹͣ˵ϳ֮󣬳һ·ԤľƵ괦
һ·ûгԷ⣬Ȼưź֮ƽڲŵƣʦڼԷˣǼٰŴһԷ
ʦκþˣϴȥʦԷǻǰˡ
ƾЦʣʦֲħ𣿲ʦֽһ𣿡
ˣСְˣûħˣ˵ȥ˹ʡȥչˣǼƽҡͷ
еԾʣʦְִˣʲôʱ鰡ôû˵
һʱˣ֪æûк㡣
ԭ򲻾Щƨôƽ˵
ƾҡҡͷ΢΢̾һȻʣСܣӦһȥɣ
ƽڿ˿ܳɣȻ˵ͷţСҲһħûʦ档ʦһ¡
ɫ΢ܳɵĿеΡ
˵ͷã

Ȼƽ˱ֱĳСȥС֮ܳɾͷ֣һٽıСƣܳûſڣϾһ̫̫š
ƽƺ󣬾GС˰ʦ߶þˡ
˵Ҫȥгˣڻû
ҵ´绰
ƽԣɫеԴסȴ΢еæʣʦĸʦȥˣȥһ
ǲãǿȥģûĻȥЩȥˡ̫̫Ц˵ǱˣǾڼžˡ
ȻͰܳк˽ȥ֮
ƽں˾ǽԼһϤʼæޣܳʮ޴룡֪ðæЩɶȻҪվͱƻƽں¡
æµĳԼʦĸڳ˵ЦĳܳɵĴǳ
һǣǰɳеʱ򣬿ɲЩݡ
ǳˮϺϷĸоɣŻȴ޴ʩչ츳ҪȴΪĸ׵ԭá
ڶǣʦĸκãƽڻôЩ䲻ûжô顣
ܳҲЩˣΪʲôڲʿѧԵʱûпãϻŭˡ
Ҳ֪˶ãһСͷʹָ˽ź󣬻ףʦһˣ
Ȼ̫̫͸Ͻӳ˳ƸϽȥæŵöӲ̫ߣеȣֲݣ԰ס
Ǻ벻ܳ˿¶˰ɫݣһɫƵġ
ЦǺǵؿƣ˾ͺã˾ͺã
Ƶļ
ףʦ⣬һ㣬ʵģյģ·˳һͷףʦԸ
Ȼƽٳͷһٺ󰡣ƺƽҲǱףʦʦĸϳ˳ҲЦڳæͣ
óԼıҶƽͬԼһľͰѲ߶˳ݺ÷װƽڲŵʦλСӰܳɣҲʦܴټǸСܡ
ƽô˵ţܳɾ͸ϽվͬһƵģǳнʦܳɡ
ϴŵڣüӹȥŲӣɼԼĴڸжˡ
ŸϽѲ豭ϵǰһƣȻ˵ʦСܣҲ֮ǰѧ츳ǳãҲŸҴġ
ֿһܳɣ˼һ˵Һã
ƽЦǺǵز˵ҲΪ⣬æкСܣ£˵
ŰעģתƵܳȻ˫ֻۣܳɨͣȻû֮ǰĻ¡
Ƽƽγ˶ܳû̫ȤֵСܣλƽڣҲʦĵһѧǵĴʦ֡
λʦˣڹؽһ飬ĿǰڣʦվúܸߵˣЩԺ֪ˣɲİӿԱȵġƿЦ
γһۣ˵Сޣ죬֮ǰôʵ˰ڹ鷳
Ұʦ˵ĶʵãҵӣһƨôЦŵ
һ£ҡҡͷǰǣڿɾͲһˡ
˵꣬Ͼһڲ裬޾֮ɫȻ˵Ŷˣˮģóȳˡ
ƽھ˵ʦ˵ǰˮ岻ôôʦһƽˣ
Ȼô˵վȥ˱Աˮȥˡ
ȻˮԶһ֮Ʋʽؿʼ˻磺ʦҪΪ£һμġ
һѧԵĲϵģ£Ǹʦ֣صؽܳɵġ
Сۿųɳģؽλַλüã۵ַλҲ÷ǳˣ񰡣Ȼڵĵλ
ǰõIIIȨͨϴѧҽԺ׽ڹǿϣʡҽѧᴴ˷ֻĳԱϽеȨ
ȻЩΣҪĻǣ츳ĺܺá֮ǰʱµˣȻҪһʹʦģ
ʦҪǲŵĻԿУһ£ʱܽٴ
ô˵ϲشһܳɡ
Ѳ豭£ͻȻʵ֪ɹǾǻķ𣿡
ܳԣüͷһ£ϵƢҲֱӵ˰һϳôѵ⣿
ɹǾǻķͣһ˻淴ӦȴѲܳɡ
̴ͨ͡͡ıܳ͡׼ȷ˵Ƚķ͡
ʲô͵ģʣ
˵͵֣Ƿǳרҵ֪ʶĻôʲôз⣬ǾǼΪˡ
ⲢѵӵȫŹؽûܳɣCFI͵ģҲԽΡ
ǻ˸ָcanal flare indexCFIɹǽڲָ̬Сתе2cmɹϿǻȵıֵ
CFI3.0߱Ϊ̴ǻCFI4.76.5֮߱Ϊǻ
ܳCFIԼ֪֣Ȼٽ˽ͣоݣԴ
ƽﰡҲ۾΢΢һ֪ʶҪֿʼȥŹؽûˣŻȥ˽ЩȽ֪ʶġ
ܳɾȻܹ֪ôЩ͵˰
ΪʲôҪôأϻڵʡ
ǸӵˣⶼٴӦõķˣ
ô⣬ƺƽ˵ƤǿʼΪشⰡܶҪһֱȽ񼶼ܡ
ٳӡ
ֱ࣡
ѡʱɹԶǻֱ֮伫ʹҪɹǽ˶Զ˵ƥ̶Ӷڻõĸ˸ɴݡ
о֣ɹСת·20mmɹǻ⾶ɹ⾶֮ĹϵΪ㶨֮ľȷԿɴﵽ12ЩֳΪĳЩضǹˮͼ˹̶Ľѧ
ѧͨCTо֤ʵ˹ɹǻĸ߶ȱԣͬʱչʾ˹ɹСתϷ·20mmɹǻ֮ϲԡ
CFIDorrͣΪ˷ٴнмѡ񣬻ڽмƹУṩһṹԵĻ
˵ܳɾͿʼ뵽״̬ˣ
WollfɣļıιɹǵĸɷֲӰһԹ̡
ǹˮǷǹˮҲ۹ɹǱһ̬ģڲɹǻ󶼲ɱؽͽιɹܵѹӦӦͼ
ǹˮܻι̵Ľƥ̶ͿγӦֲԶι̶̹͹ɹǽӦֲʽ
ɹǱԶǻĽӴԽܣɹǽӦڵԽԡɹǱԶƤʲӴܽӦڵԼʹ֤ݱɹǱڽӦɹǹʵĹҪá
Ͻ̹ɹǱܹ͹ɹǽӦڵСڹ̶ӦݵĽӴ
ѧ߷֣̹ɹǱȼЧ͹ɹǽӦڵֲӰ쵽̶ĳʼȶԡǻΪΪ˹̶ĹɹǱṩӽɹѧصƥ䡣
ǡ
ܳʲôοףֱдһƪµ۳ˣǹװǿ˺ܶܶ£ҶԺ֪ܶʶ㶼˱Ƚ˽ˣܹĹ
ϵԽĵصܳ˵֮
ϲ۾ػζƬ̣תͷƽڣЦصô˵ˣϣŴڵİɣ
ƽڨЦǣԣ
Сܣܲ
Ȼ֪ιʣһһģƺܳɻɣǲǰʹƽƵ⣬Ȼƽڵʱֱɾûá
ƽڲ˵꣬γڣڵ䣬ͻȻ΢е˵Ǳ°ɣ
ҲУܹѱ£Ӧõشϣ֤Ӧٰ֯ܲ֯ⷽ棬λʦҪǿ㣡
ǣҽջҪϵģֻϹˣĺá
γ仰ȻȽϿһؼʣܳɴϲϽվ˵ллʦ
ոγʦ˵ˣλʦ֡
֤ˣͬܳΪѧݣأܲܳΪӣҪϹ
ͬһˡ
Ȼ˵ϻһôֻܳᱳɣҲΪܳɺ
ܳΪǣţϾͲܳ˵ˣֻƺƽ˵ܳš

һֱֽϸֱԵǸСܣ㻹µĻȻȥɡҺλʦ֣ٶģɣ
ֱ
Ƽ״Ҫ˵Щʲôʱ򰡣ƽھվˣСܣȻȥɣǸȸŶúѧϰһ¡Ҫż
ãܳɾеĪʵʵظһһ֮󰡣߳˼š
Ҳûͣ߳˱С󣬲Ŵ˳ķӷ
ܳɲ֪ǣ֮ܳ󰡣ϱϽˣСӾʲô˵˵ͦʵİͲ֪ô
Ǹոڼı֣Ƿǳģġ
ƾ͵ʦɾСˣԲס˰
ȻƾͰܳǰ˵һ飬оͰܳɿ˺üоȻٴϣһƥϹ顣
ܽ˵ʦ˵ǰܳɸˣ㲻ԣٴϣûȨʲôҪʲôĻܵȵ˰Ż֣
ԣ϶ûġٴĲʵĳ
ţص˵ͷ
ǵǲԺɿã
ҺԴħһֱ뿴ԡϾ̫Ļֿ˿Աߵƽ
ƽźЦ
Ͻףʦ̫̫ϴֳ֮󣬾Ϳڵҽ⵱ҽʿˣУԣƢøĸˡ
ϲŭ޳ģ˵ģҾС⺢Ӳøߴ˧ƢҲͣġGˣŮ𣿡
Ҳ֪GʦĸʱԼȥʰɡƾ˵
ҵʱʡףʦԵú飬¥ȥˣƺǹѿռøγˡ
ϽʣƣСܵĻٴ˵ôôоǸ˵ñʦֻЩƵġ
ƽǿʼװˣɲ̫ˡ
ƾ˵ʦⲻǵԲܿóСܿʲôԼģҲ˵ʲôΪӳɼġ
ţܻشҵĵһ⣬֤ǿġ
ܻشڶ⣬֤ǿµģ
ܻشҵĵ⣬֤Ǵȥ׵ģȥġ˵£ҲûʲôرķӦ֤Ǹǿʤˡ
ٲӮͺܺðգǸܳɸһ߶ȵĿ϶
أϿƽ
ƽǹ˵ʦ˵úܶԣ


ڶһʮ ը׺⣡
ܳΪεظϻԼĳݺԻǿЦһһԼеĸϽš
ڰҽԺʱܳɾԼڲ̶ôһӶȵġ
ħ֮أƽڵľټƻ˴۵Ĵ֧֣ȻڱԵߡ
γԺʿѧٴСȥˣѧϰУҪȸŶ죬ĿСʵңܳɶõʵҵʸ
ʵ˵ǵӲ
ҽԺĵӲܳǴϴѧҽԺĻôԲĴٻӵ㡣
ܳԼӵ˸ߵְƣôƪsciܹۻƽʸʱǽ϶ȫһˡ
ӰҽԺһԾħԺȵȷǴˣϧǲ̫󣬲ͳˡ
ܳȻɽڿƽڣ޼ʱʵĻΪеɬġ
ħʱ仹磬еʱȥ˵۽磬Ȼ߳˵۽硣ı仯иʱȥѧϰ
ܳҪѧϰĶɲ١
ˣ
֪ʱܳɵֻϣʾ
һȻǰVXϢʦ֣㷢ҵ£˸ѿˣרsciεģǿ֮󰡣˵û̫ĴʻҪȥ޸ģԾͲ޸ĸˡ
µĽṹĻҪʦͶڿĿʽȥ΢޸ġ
µݵĻ˵ûرס
ºòãҪǺĲ֣µĽṹһµĹǼܣǳӣͬݣедǺܸߴϣедˮˮġ
ڵıשܹڿı༭ĶûĶϰǾ͸׹壡
֮ܳǰ밲ʱĵԼдһƪnetmetaȻ˵ܷܲ£ѧϰһ¡
ܳҲͷ˰ϾҲ˶ʿоҲ޶ܹȥԼ½޸ģڴ˵ָܳҲⰲưһ¡
ʵϾȨҲܳǵĸĸѡ֮ڵģջǰųˣֵܣ˺οΪأ
лл㰡ʦá
㻹ר˿˰ĻҾͲȥرɫˡ
ҪǮôֵܣˣܳɿɲϣԼĶ˵Ǯⲻװ
͸Ͻظʦ֣Ҫշѵģ2000һƪ¡
λ˵ܹŸ˼ʵƴд⻹ǿصԴľֵܷģǲշˡ
ˣʦ֣ѻ˵пյĻﻹиsciɫ˽ǹ˾ĵһǧǧ岻ȣԽܸ㣬һǧĵ٣٣˾١
Դأ˿̣ɳе鷿ϲػظš
ҪǰǾԼ۹⻹ģ׼ȥǮģõôߵۣܲ
Ҫ֪ԼҵѰרΪ˸߷ڿ־ɫģǿ׬Ǯģû㱾£ȫ
дڿ뵥дӢģȫͬģˡ
ڿģкܶרŵıʽҲͬڿرڲһıʽ棬֪ʶ
Ȼ֮ҪܳɽôһЩҪĿġ
ħĻѲ٣пʱ䣬ӵ˽ǿ׬Ǯġ
ûǮɣܳɻĵģϾţҽѧרҵӢͨĺţƣܹǮ൱ʡǮˡ
ûУʦ֡
ȥ˲ãдһƪ³Ľػظš
Ҳд£ݴһأȥݴӲͷȻҲȥ˾һЩרҵͳѧͬѧȥǱģԼͳƳģ϶ܴ
ԼͳƵģԷִ󣬱˸㴦ģ˴ظͽ͵Ļᶼûˡ
ţһʱ䶼ֻ£Ҫߣдһסܳɻظ
һ
ǣдµĹУܹȵݵĴ̣ȥ̽ٴоʱȻ١
ĻֻظеģеЩģʽԶû취͹۵ܽӱĹɡ
͹۵ľ۾飬֤ݵȣȫһġ
ҾͲʦ˰ףճɹظ
Ϊ˶ʿоȻ֪дµĺöģ൱ĵȼһ
ideaռݴɸ塢Ͷ塢ĸ塢󡢽ա
ǰеĲ裬Ϊ˼׼
ллҲҪȥٿʲôҪ޸ĺʹĥĵطˡܳɻظ˰󣬱ڵһ
ȻԼwordĵ˶㡣
ܳǴƿ֮ҲûرԵĵͼ󣬱˵ʴ󣬻߾ӵĽṹͱʽԴٷָһµġ
ȻѾרŵ˿ˣûҪ˷Ѹʱˣȷ㣬ʲô
ʵһûʵԼһ
ܳɲ˵ʦ㣬ѧŴݵʱдһƪ״metaϣ΢һ£޸
һһ俴Ȼٷһ
ͬʱʵҲͬʱܳɷwordĵĽṹ
⣬飬ǰԡ鷽ۡοסһӦȫôһȻ΢ϸؿһ¼֮
΢еˡ
metaȻдˣˮĵı׼ʽǰ
״metaȴ˰Ҽˮģһƪǰ˵ĻӼƪRCTˮģҲǼʱɵ¶
ڸдģеĪ
ۿܳɵٴǳ֮Զ̰ݷáԼʦܣ߮磬ܳɾȻܹõ߮ĸ߶ۣ֪ܳɵٴĲһ㡣
⣬Լ߮ȵĻǲ֮ɡ
ȿȣ϶߮ôȫܣǱȵĻ˶ҽѧϵ裬߮Ҫ٣ҲûἰܳʵҲǸдµĴְ
һڣһƪ£ʲô
һƪ״metaһʢ50
ʮǶ׫500
ӵ¿Ҳô찡
ǵģʦ㣬Ҳ˵СĹޣдһƪnetmetaȻҿɲҲѧдһ£˳һݴ
⡭һֵ
аɣȿдʲô򰡡
Ȼǲ̫Ըܳһڵɵģʵǰܳɰ֮ǰ˽óҲãдģȻѾɸ壬ȥͶʸˡ
Ͷ岻Уд
ʵڲУͶһƪͳԴķsciҲðҲһֶݴ֡
ǣ㿴ʮ֮ƪ¾ʹͷβˡ
ֻͷ֡
Ȼʵ¸ʽĻǲοƪµĸʽܷܲһ£
ѧߣҪдsciµĻõķʽǣһƪͬ͵£Ȼοĸʽһһлԭ
˵£ôģֻּĸ֣ŸҶԿԼĸʽһЩݷ֧
ܳɵȻҲֻͬΪ˰Źؽڽ˵ƷʽһͳѧĵУҲΪװƣûҪ졣
ܳɾͰ·˶㣬ֿССʱȻʵܳɡ
ǰûд𣿡ôôš
⻹ԭȣ̫ˣݵĽչʾ棬ʤˡ
ûдôˣʦ㣿ѵڵsciòοµĸʽ𣿿ҿܶ£Ǹʽͬܳɲʡ
һڿб׼ĸʽ϶ǴͬС죬ڳϮڿͶʱ͹涨˵ġ
ǵûУֻǾе㲻˼飬дƪµĻԭеߣҾԷȥӢ˶ҽѧ־Ӱ12.02֣
ֻǰҪеߣ㻹ҪȥԭڿؼƪƵ£Ȼٰеݣ½һ´С㽨
ô߷𣿡ܳɾе⡣
Ӣ˶ҽѧ־ӢļBJSMBMJӿ֮һ
NEJMJAMALancetBMJҽѧĴڿܹ£ӰΪҪģÿһѧƵش֣ӿÿҲôЩλãȫ֪ٵ֪ŶӶͶ塣
㲻Ҫ°Ͷ£Ͷ˶ֲʲôʧıзĿӻͼΣҲȽϷḻܳôдһƪ֮µľȺ󣬾͸Ͻܳɡ
ܳģûsciˣǶǱȽСĽģԼĿֻܾһƪͨsciͺˡ
ȻˣͻͶͶĺܿ
Ѻʵ£Ͷ嵽ʵ־ҲһűȽѧʣ
е־Ըһ
ܳɿôظǺõģʦ㣬԰ɡ
ȵһ£ҷһЩЩBSJMܹҵõĶͰĸʽȫȻݼnetwork metaanalysisӦ½иʽԵ޸ľͺˡ
biubiubiubiu
ţͷܳһЩͶָϡ
BJSMģһЩ־ġǶԼ˽⣡
ЩȻܹڹҵõǶ࿴һЩ϶ǲдġ
ллʦ㣡ܳɻظ˺Ȼ˶㷢ĵ
ϸĶ֮󣬾ͷְBJSMķµĸʽBMJʮͬġ
metaǱҪб׼PRISMAָƼĿ
µĸʽҲб׼Ķǳϸ
ĿģAim/objective׫дΪжʲô
ƣDesignͷ͡ϵͳоۺϷ
ԴData sourceаоļԴ
ѡоĺϸ׼Eligibility criteria for selecting studies뼰ų׼оٲߡԤȽϡоƣ
ResultsҪ֣95ͷܽͳƣ
ܽ/ۣSummary/conclusionҪ֣ܽᣩӰ죨ۣ
ϵͳעᣨSystematic review registrationעἰ루עᣩ
дmeta֮ǰҪȥעһ£֮ܳǰעᣬעỹûɣƻð¶࣬עĺܹԡ
metaдʵҲһڵĹսֻܳĿǰѾ˱ȽҪ岿֡
һָϣĶ˼ƪӦ״meta׺ܳɾͶԼ½޸ģΪӵžͨҽѧӢ޸Ǻܿġ
֮ǰݴ̣ѾǱȽԲˣ
ˣһСʱ֮ܳɾְԼ޸ĺ£˶㡣
ֵܿ˽ա
˿̵ǴʵңȻؼ˼һȥģΪȫ벻ܳɵһڡ
ȻܳɵϢʹ˼·ñˮװ˰
wordĵȻٵɨ
Ϊ֮ǰͿ£һΣ㿴ø죬ڿ֮ٴεɴ۾Ӷûɳ
˿Լܳɷȥָϵʱ䡣
ڵʱ䡣
һСʱ
Ϊʲô
ܳɵĸҽѧӢ
㻹ûʵܶʦֺʦ㶼й֪ˣǹҪдĵʱĸȻӢҲҪʾ֭ġ
ǹڵһЩרҵдҵģҲҪʾ֭һ
רҵʻרҵʻ㣬ģӢӢǲһİ
﷢һʱ󣬾ͱһλʦַ˲ԾĵطŶһģ˵С㣬ôˣ
˽Уæع񣬻һ飬תͷħԵ˵ʦ֣дһƪmetaĻҪã
ճһ˿˿±ɫʡ
һɡþûдˣˣ졣λʿʦֲ޷ص
network metaأ˵˼ƣеؼ׷ʡ
ʿʦֶʱüͷ˵ʵڵģдmetaʱʱmetaĻƽһƪmetaͿ˶ʿоҵˣ˭ȥûµд״meta
ûнӴԾü׺ʹݵĻ°ɵãдһƪ𣿡
žͺ˳
ȻȻwordĵϵ£»˻üͷⶼɸ˰Է˰⻹ʲôѽ
Ϊӭ϶Բʿʦֵ΢Ͱ࣬ȻĻƽɲʲôѽʡ
ûʲôҾʡʦ֡æ˵
ûֱӸ߲ʿʦʵ顣
֮ǰظ֪ܳɣǧҪ¶ڣȻҲҪΪܳɱܣܳɲʵˣڵĿСˡ
ȻܳС͵С飬ǣЩݣҲǲҪ˿ģȻĻһ֪˷֮ǰˣ˵壿
¡㻹ȥ𣿡ʿʦ¿˿ʧȥȤ
״metametaı壬վֻreview͵һ֣ԣѾûʲôˣΪĶΪġ
ֻǶдģǲȥҪһˡ
Ͼͻȥʦ֡ԲʿʦЦЦŴмӡ
Ҿ˰ʿʦֿ˿㣬΢е춯Щ¡
ϾС㣬ɲôദѽ޺ʵ׵úܣһˣƿز˵ġ
ȻĻˮ¥̨ȵ£ǣôã׷߲٣ϲһʦҲ٣ûһ˵֡
õģʦ֡ԹԵͷ
ĿͲʿʦ뿪󣬶ŸϽװ˵ԣȻصԼķȥٰæܳ޸ĺʹ¡
ǣУǸԼϸףһͨ绰ȥ
ΪãԼϸװǸ˸ʦܹǸһըף
д£һڲɸ壬ĸʱ䲻һСʱʲôطⰡ
⣬ڹŴʱɲǱʣ


ڶһʮһ ˽ģ
ǿƵIIIҲ٣ܳϣѾһЩIIIܣˣհ׵IIIֻ74
ȻͳƣǸݻIIIбеġ
ܳѾǳʵġԭ򡯺ûȥģ⵽ڿоЩʲôˡѡģµIIIܡ
ΪܳĿǰԴǰ¶γҲ˵ӡ˰ܳɵģ֮·ν˳˳ˮģһԾܹһܡ
żõ㣬һԿܣֻϧĽֻѡһʵҲûʲôá
ģȼļԽԽףܳɾ֪Լħѡ񣬿϶ǶԵġ
վƽ̨һԴͲһԴһʵҲãģҲãԼĳɳ߾ͻ᲻һ
ģʱѾʮ㣬Կʼһֵģˡ
ֻǣܳû뵽ǣʱڵ㣬ƾȻһwordĵһ˵ܳɣ㷢Ѿˣ˵޸õģʽģʽһ°ɡ
ȻƪµĻǴԲģҸʦʦǿ֮ҲΪúõһ£ȡһ־ȥ
ܳһϲûƻγƽµ£˵ллˣʦ
ûأֻʣŵǸ㣬˵Ҫдƪ״metaһ˵ǶֽڵŮ
ţǡҿ˿дһƪ״metaȻ󶡵ʦҵġܳɾͰƽ붡İŶ˵һ顣
Ȼܳɿ϶ȥݵľݵ飬ôһܣܳȻ֪ڵĿСƺγûʲôϵ
ͬСڵĳԱڵݶҪܵģ
Ʋûϻأǵԭаɣ֪ˡ
ôʦ𣿡ܳɿƵĻظϽʡ
ԼˣȻΪҪ׽öࡣ
ȻˣҾ΢˵㡣
metasystematic reviewreview͵££ľݴݱʵҲҽѧͳѧвѧҽѧѧƵƿ
㾭Ĵ֮С飬˵Ĵʦܹõ㣬ȷеһЩˣ٣ķ
ʱһСָһСֵĿ⣬ȥȥЩ󣬷һƪе֮󣬱˲ŻеҽѧʵͿ
ȻŻԼСȥԼĿ⣬߷ɸĿ⡭
һоݿмѭо֮ΪʲôһЩˣ벻أֻԼܵѹȻʲôǣлмɼ˶ԣ˿š
˵ֲ֮Żص˶±ö㲢㵽ʵ֮󣬾ֱӸһֵĿ⣬Լȥ
ֱӸ㣬ΪͬʱݴʵѧϰַĴ
Ȼ˶֮⣬дΪڱ˼
һ䲻̫ĻcŮơ
ҪǳĹˡ
⣡

ܳɵĵһӦǾȣ
ǣ⻹֮ǰǸƣǲ̶
Ϊܳɵļƽ︺𿪳Ĳƣǲ̶ɳаҽԺʱ򣬿ɵ͵ˣֻкٵʱŻ˵ֿĻ
ʦһҪȥ𣿡ܳʣΪûð
ֻǾԼдһƪ״metaףԴһԼݵΪľǰѶ⴮ݸøƯ㡣
ҽѧͳѧܳɣû̫Ķϰдϰܳɣûо֮ǰЩرѣ
Ȼ
ڻҽѧԺͳѧһѧƣ
вѧҲһŵѧơ
ܹԵѧƴڵģô򵥵ѧʡ
еĽڣóͳѧвѧһ㣬ǿ϶ģڣ󲿷ֵٴںͻеĽڣͳѧвѧ˽⣬ż𣬿ܻﲻֻǿԱȽӦѧƵķ
ͺñӢһӢֻһŹߣòرͨ
Ȼ붼ûͻظ
ȻеΪ˼Ǹ͵ǲġһС⣬Ҫʱ˵ҲҪ£һ궼ܡ
Щݣܹ㰡ѾǼΪ󷽵ˡҪúõϧҪﾡòǡ
ٴ棬ǻеĻôڿз棬ݴǻеĻûκοܹݵڡ
ٴҽѧڻһѧƽ͵
ʦûʦʵصĲģһõʦûʦȵĻر
ܳɾæ˵ллʦˣϢɣҿ޸ĸȻ˯ˡ
ţҲûܳɶᣬ򵥵ػһֺ󣬾ûٻظˡ
ܳƷĵò˵ȻûëĵطȻǰרҵûҳĵطҳˡ
˿ʦdiaoܳૡ
ܹΪרҵʿˣҪԷģˮƽ˿϶ҰҲᰵʾ˵ҪܳҲȥæǮ֡
ԼǸûôָܷһ
ں˵һĴżĿǰ·ܸߣʵӹɵģ
ֻǰҲƵͱȶ㣬Ի۸ʵЩҲƱȶ㻹ҪôһĿǰˮƽڿз棬΢һ㡣
ô˵Ļܳɵе棬֮ǰں˵ǸƶĲʿʦ֣Ŀǰʿ꼶ʦ֣Ǹʲôأ
ͨ˵ںˡ
ħԺоʿʦ£
ȫôҽѧܹħеˣռ˲ٷ֮һ
˰ɣ
ǣں빫޵˱ȣ΢һΣ޵ʦХִ˵Ǿģڶǰ
ХٴȲ㣬֪Ҳû˱ȹ֪ܳû
ɴ˿ɼ֮ĺ蹵Ǿ޴ģ
ܳɵרҵӢѾǳǿˣͨҽѧרҵӢڹڿ϶ڶ⼶޸ĸӣԣͬԷˮһ򵥡
һ࣬ܳɾ޸ˣȻͰ޸ĺĸ壬ٴηƣ
ħԺܳѧôһ㡣
Ҫ³󣬲ʣֻҪ㣬ֻҪţκ㶼ȥʡ
޶ܹڳԷСȥʷ֣ţҲȥ鷳ȥƣֻ̣ͱˡ
ܳɰʱ㷢ƣҪϸظΪ˱һ̬ȡ
ǺضԴ£Ұҹˣû˼
ȻܳɾҲûһֵģˣϴ˸裬˯ˡ
գܳڳĳʱûߵʮʱ򣬲ˢһײͺ󣬲𴲳ܡ
գܳɾͰѳܵʱһСʱܲܳɱ㷢֣Ƹˡ
ҹڸĸ壿㲻ҪżȻžȣĻǹܳɡ
ܳܲûظϢʮӺ
ֻأţҿˣ汾ӦûˣԿʼͶˣҿЩ¸ʽӦѾĿڿģҾͲٸ໭ؽˡ
ֱͶȻȻظͺˣҪ÷޺üε׼һͶ壬ֻΪõµд
УͨѶ߾ֱдɣдˡƻص
ܳɿ꣬ûüȥϴ裬ͻظʦͨѶ߻дɣƪȫ̻϶һɵģ޸Ҳֻ
֮ǰĵ棬û߼Ϣһġ
Ҳд㣬ô˵ôһЩ
¶ûʲôˣǶͶ㣬ǺõġƵ
ͨѶߣָܸˣеľѡơµдͰѹصȣҪе¿ɿԵΡ
һߣͨ󲿷ֵʵ鹤ǻʱ䡢֪ʶȥɿоԱҪͼҲ³׫дˡ
һͨѶ߱ȵһ߸к
Ȼʵ˶ףµ׫деһɵġΪէߣܳɵȻѡֻԼһ˵дȥ
õģʦҾͰдڶ˰ܳɾͻظ
ţ

֮ܳɾͰֱͶ˳ȥ
ȻmetaעŻûǿͶʱһ㶼ǱȽģУͿԵȣȻȵ޸ĸʱٰµעŸȥˡ
עҲһ̣϶עɹ
ڴ֮ܳɾ¥һݣܳҽѧʵѧ鵽ˡ
Ȼ˵ܳĿǰѾԻʵѧһ̶ȵ˽⣬ϾĶ׵ĹУῴָʵ鷽
ʵ鱾ǺҪģٶʵ鷽ʵ˼·ǽ̲ġ
жҪܳġ
һʱIVҲûôѣڵȻû˾ѧIVģҪȥIVܳɿ԰IVزֳɺܶIIIIIˡ
ֻǿûô˼·ѣ
ҽѧʵѧҲΪ˸õܹѶܹлԭԭʵʵĿģ
ƣǸ򵥵顣

ʱţʱҲǺһС
֮
ܳɵܳɣʹԴˣԴڸҽˣٴϰʵҲûиĻᡣ
㿴ܹʮѧХʦҲҪѧϰʵᲢ֡
ҲֽڣֽһεǺϣܹһβĻģǺС۵ʱֱܾˡ
㲻ܴܸˣ㲻ܴҪĻǲƽҶҪѧϰĻᣬʱ򣬶ҲҪѧϰһЩµʽ
ԣŴе㲻˼űȽŨǸ⡣
ܳɵν˵ʦ㣬ûϵҾõģһиʱȥ£һܿٴһ¼ʶ
ܳɺԴڡ
רҵͲʿʮרҵо
ʮСڲԱסӡмҽйô࣬Ȼɮ١ܹٷָܳɵĻᣬʵޡ
ΪֹܳΨһһĻܳɵһνҺǴˡ
ҲԴڲԸܳɻᣬǣЩѧԴھҪΪ𡣶ҲˣܳҪܴ
ⲻǼʣֻΪûƽȡ
ؾͰʹһڹߣ
ҵ˼ǣһд£һȥƽǱߵŶţֻӶһЩֿضܳɽ顣
һΣ㲢ûʲôĻɫҲˣȻûֶصջˡ
һʼܳɺֻΪôһܳɣ㵽жĸţ֮ܳͷ֣ܳɵ츳á
ڹȥдһƪ״metaܳɵЩݡҲȻܳɴˣ˵ǺܿҪɸˡ
öܻš
ΪԻо֪ܹܳЩݣ㣬ƳʲôʵĽΪס
ûλֻݵıʽΪΪܳɵġ
û뵽ǣܳɾȻİѵλԭ֮󣬻ʵķҲһһӦ
Ҫ츳ʵġ
ͱ硣
5=5000
Ҫʲôλ
ĺܶ࣬kggkmm
⻹ֻǼ򵥵һʽЩ棬ȫǹ֣ûĵʽֻݵĹ֮󣬲ܹȥƳ
ϣܳɰеݵĶӦʵ鷽󣬶ҲͰһֵĿṹܳɣ
ҪܳͨȥƿʲôǾ͹ˣ
ѾˣΪѡ
ҲΪܳɵЩ֣ö΢еڴγԺʿܳɸҪ˵Ҫúõشһܳˡ
ܳɵٴʵмʶܳɸóٴᣡ
ڣεȫǿᣬܳɶûȥμӡ
ȻǶ֪ܳڰҽԺʱ򣬾԰ҽԺѧݣμһȫǿᣡ
û£ʦ㣬ҾõġںʦҲûһȥҲûȥ
ʦ㣬ᶼģҲżܳúܿ
Ѿʼڿ·ϣ˵һ
״meta˵Ѿǽ뵽˳׶Σǿ϶޸ĸΣڶݣҲдһƪȽƯ͵³
Ӱ״metaҪһЩҲߺܶࡣ
ʵ飬ȫԭmetaֻǶԱ˵ԭµٴռ
аɣҪȥǿ𣿡ʡ
ȥʵҾұʦǶҪˡǶҪΪԱλԱעдһǰλȥεġܳɵͷ
ţ죬˾Ͳˡ
ֻܳɺͶ˴ճ˶ȥ˹ǿĻ᳡Ǳߡ
ãעᣬӴĽߵȡ
ȫʵĹǿᣬ֮ǰܳʡǸǿᣬҪӴܶ࣬ˮƽҲҪߣ
ԣԼΪӴ飬ûѧϰʦʦǣܹȥΣǺҸ顣
аɡܳôĸоЩ
ҲϣܹܳɸʱӵλȥģϾܳƽ׾پܹ쵽顣
أڣԴںͶǸͲܳȥɾǣܳϵѧȨ֧䡭
ԼѧȥµģæģܳҪҪȥæǽеöģȻҰˡ
ʵʵ͸˶ܴѹһʼû뵽ô顣
ڰЩ飬ԵĽ

ܳɵ˹ǿ᳡
ʱ;ˣε᳡ںŻһҳ;Ƶ
֮󣬴ͻ棬νɽ˺
治ţܳɶǼ˺þãҵעĵط
Ȼٿ˿ճ̣ܳ˶ɵˡ
һġ
ʮʮģ
ͬʱʮĸչͬʱܳĲ֪ȥαȽϺˡ
췽кüҽԺܳעĵطҲǼоģæܳɨ룬ȻעĳںţдԼϢ󣬾ͷһӡ
ҽ绹кзԳԣҲȥǵصܳû˵
ܳע֮󣬸ƷϢ˵飬ܳԼתתܳɾͱһˡ
Ȼ¶ںں˵Լֵ࡭
֣ŵ˶ڸԵĵԼ飬·ģе־Ըߵġ
ܳҲ˶㣬˵ڻ᳡ˣҲ飬ܳɹưתݻͲˡ
ȻܳɾֻԼȥЩͬĻѡ˸ʮŻ
Ϊ̸רҵģĿǣ괿ѧ飡
ĽεĿ⣬ȫӢģûκġ
ҷݣٴصģܳɾ˼ģԾ͸ȥ·꣬ܳһ㣬ȻٵһתǵĵңҵĻ᳡
᳡λúƫ˱˶û
ܳɽȥһλϸϸ
ߵͲǺܴ󣬶ҽݣǱȽ⣬ȽϿǰصһЩ߻ʵķڱտڣǿԿԳΪĴԵĿе㡭
⣿
ܳɺȻͷ֣Լһӱ֮أʺͱʼǱܳɾͿٵؼǱʼ
Ϊ᳡ҲǿܳҼǱʼǣǶƺ˹һأӸ߰
гϢʱ򣬻˺ܳ׽֪ܳɾֻǸûѧ˶ʿо󣬸Եı鶼еۡ
ݵʱܳȻǶһڻ᳡ش󣬿᳡ĴСı𾪵ˡ
˿̵еֻ᳡֣иָĴ͵ӣŸָƵ
е廨š
˵ԼеȽʳġ
Լ˹ܵġ
ǿŹؽû˵ġ
еˣǿԽֳģŶӵģһȺͺͷ󺺣һȺСƨһضѼһ˵Ц֡
ܳתһȦᣬһصˣܳɴԵؼһ£յĸִţһ
ǺҿϵĴʵ̫ˣģܻӷ
ܳһȦ󣬴ֵһ£ȥֽĻٹƿ԰ע800׬
Ȼһݣзˡ
ζô˵ˣԴʡܳΪѺãϰ˵ϰ͸ݺݵҨһףܳɳˣ֮ǰˣ
Ȼܳɾ͵ԱߵһСԼһƿСƿĶ罷һԣǿζԡ
һĻϰ嶼ˣܳ˴Ĵָ
ܳ
ܳûᣬֻЦЦʵһ㣬ǲŽÿλؼңĻա
콷跹ճˣܳɳóԲˣƺԼܣûԣҲˣûɶ⡭
ʱܳȥǸ᳡
һĽߣȻˣʵŸλʵ˵ֻиȤģ࣬Ҷܽȥˡ
εĻ飬˹Ρ
ܳɵĵĹƤҲڼ߽ͺƤȥˣʦܹոյpptһݸҵ䣬Ϊѧϰ𣿡
˿ܳһۣë
ܳɵݣȻĪ
ˣӦ˰pptܳɣܳɶ˵ллȻյϢдһƪʮֵĵлŹȥ
ʵˣʱҪѧϰϣѧ̬ȣԾò㣬ҡҿһ㷽
ܾˣ񾭲ôһϣҾܹѧһ㡣
pptЩ˺ķ˺ܶʱдܽģȫǾܳɲžԼ׬ˡ
ңһܳд˸лź󣬻ָţܳͬѧܸܹ˰ѧϰ㣬XXXXXֿѧˮ̶˶ҽѧѧϰ
ܳɿ˻ź

ô
ΪϵĻܳɾͿȥ˻ˮ̶ˡ
ʦлл룬лĻһݷܳɡܳҲ˻š
ܳȫû뵽ġ
Ҳܳɺ˷ܣִѧ磬޹ط£޹棬ֻΪѧϰ
ȻȻ֮ǰҽԺиȻʦǼƵΣ֣ͬҲǲһԸ񡣡
лᣬһҪȥȥλʦ

ʱ䣬һ
ܳѧĶ٣ǴĶҲܶ࣡
ʹһС棬ﶼûȥǻʮ֪˵ЩɶϣܹһȨС飬һ¼
ⱲӾеã
ȫõҲ̫̰ˡ
ˣܳɻе㲻̫ĵдһʼ˾ٰ췽Ĺٷ䣡
λʦãħԺһǿѧ˶ʿоڴ˴βλĹУǳ޵ط֣λʦڣඥκ޷ģֻһѧϰ
ܳдŵԭ
ڣѧϰˡܳɱԼ̬ȣһԼбʼǶ˸˵Լĳֿѧ֮ġ
ⲻֵҪĻÿڿδпγ¼ĻϣλʦܹһΪѧϰãұ֤⴫ҹۿһ֮ɾ
ߣĻѧǷܹضĵص㣬ضʱڣָصĹۿأ˺ҵҪ󡣡
ѧܳɣϣ
̬ҪϿңǵ飬Ŭ˵ġ
ǣģʱǰѧϰĻǿôģ̬ȳϿҵͬʱҪԼϵ֤ݣ˵ʼǣ˵ĵãöԷܹĳ⣬֣ᷢʵôһЩѧĽڣȭȭ֮ĵġ

ˣ
ϣܹõظɣ
ܳɾͲЩˣ⼸ţȫٴμµıʼǱϺܳſʼһֵģ⣡
ܳɸպòģһΣƾʹ绰ˡ
ܳɣϽԸҹ
ãƵһô绰
Ȼ򳵵ƷĶλλ֮󣬷֣һԷģȻǶֺ߮ˡ߮˿ֻͷŵֺ֣˵Щʲô
·һʡ
ܳɵ˺󣬶Ⱦ͸ܳɵǸˣСܰǸ˵ˣѾˣⲻǺǰӵĹ߮綼ȲϣҪѵ㡣
Ҳ˵ˣ΢еˡ
ֻû꣬ܳɾæվ˵ڣᶡʦˣʦǳֿҪҵģףңʦʵҲǺǿġ
Ҫĵллʦİġ
ܳĻôô˼һ˼ǣΪ˰ɶҵһЩ
Ǻĺ⣬ڸġ
ˣܳʱҲһЩ˵飡
˵ôȨͶϾʱܳҲõֶΡ
ǸڣԲ֮ǰܳҪֵǸʱ
־͵СܰңûʲôҪеǸģ֮ǰЩ£Ҳв֮ԣ㲢ضΡ
ûһ飬ԣʵʲôᰡǴҪģȶŵȵǵһ
Ȼ˵ʲôˡ˵꿴˿ơ
üͷһ۹۱Ǳǹۿڡ
ܳοûȱǻ϶˰û취ٷ֮ٵĳŵõĺôôܴ
Ҫ͸ܳ˵͸ߣֱ߲ߣݻ
ܳɲŻ⶯
Ȼˮ¥̨ȵ£㶡ô˵ˣΪӽܳɵˣֻҪܳħĻֶûģƻкֶܶΣܳͶ
οֻƵ棬һЩĵĹء
ʵʱ򶡳ֵ⣬ǣһлᣬԥػǾ͵£
νĴȻֻνĴȻ
һңﶼǹˡ
Լ˽ģҲС
ڣˣǶħĿˣͲ˵ǰЩ˰ɣȵơƾ𱭣ҲѧŶֵӣʼֹԻˡ
磬Ϊ͡


ڶһʮ ҵֵܣ
ڣ˴Ҳǳէ϶չ˲֮´ζħƱصľдɢʱֵĻƱⶨ賿
붡һϣسƺܳɣҲ˵
ҽҾҵĵطͺܺðľħҵĵطѾΪˣѰ˿Ҳ
ĿҲͲིˣԺ󲻹С㻹С㣬ҪǵûؼҿСҪȥϷɻˣСԼСܻȥˡֽеĳѾš
˶˺Ʋܳٻص˰
ƿ˿ܳɵı飬пܳɰʵڵ顣ڶ֪֮϶ڰҽԺ
ߴߣˮʹж֮£ҪţõĻرʽǣŬԼȡԼøã
ܳħþǱ˶֣ʲô
ܳɵ˵ͷ˵ʦ֪ġ
ô˵ʵܳ黹ǣ߮ͶֵͻȻ룬ʵҲôһ˳
ħԺ붡˽Ӵ֮ܳɻ֣ԼľʵǶԵġ
һ㣬ֶûаѶߣħԺԴѧϰ⻹ʲô˵أ
ͶұסԼõЩˣ·ûʲôԴ֮֡
Я󱨵ˣôҲԼ뿪뿪֮ǰôһҪԼûϵôûҲҪÿ˶ô˽
½ômetaӦǷ˰ɣϸµʡ
˴ħܳħһʡһ£֮⣬ħһҪΪͻȻ콵ˣѧҲãʵĿҲãΪϿı޸Ҳá
Ƶȷе࣬ƸûʱȥعܳʲôܳϤĻ֮󣬲ܹ졣
ţʦmetaѾͶȥˣʦͨѶʦ˵ֱӽ뵽˶׶ΡܳС˵еᣬ±ڷ
ΪǹڵڿҲãǹsciڿҲãµķǻᾭô˻ڵġ
ҲһͶ
־༭ɣⲿרɣ
ҪǶµĴˣҲǴԵ༭Ҫעдû⣬оǷ뿯治漰һЩȵȣķ涼ϳ󼴿ͨû̫Ѷȵġ
ǣһҪһµʱ䲻ȵģܳɵͶҲͨͨôֵڿBSJMBMJӿӰ10
ô˵ɣҽԺҲôӰӵsciڿˣ
ǰҽԺ˼
ܳɵĵһƪģ⻹㡣
ܳɵģһûиʲôֱӽ˶ʹܳɵͶ壬ٽʡһң
ܳû뵽ǣƲûر⣬ֻǰοµ˶Ǻ¡Ҫ׼ˡ
Ҫ£ҲҪĵһƪ¡
sciдŻᾭ¼׶Σÿ׶λѵʱԽ̣ɶʱԽ̡
һ׶Σͨsciᱻһ˵༭Լʱ1ҡ
˴35ˣЧʲͬ±༭յʱвȷԣĻ1ڣĻ2£߸á
ڶ׶Σ༭˵һľҪ37ҡ
1ֱ¼/ֱӾܸ壬sciʱ̵ģ12ҡ
2޸ģҪʱ޸ģ޸ĸ廹Ҫٴˣʱ仹
3̫󣬱༭ҪˣҪʱ
׶Σ޸ķΪС޺ʹޡС޵ʱȽ϶̣Ǽ쵽ʮ첻ȡ޵ʱȽϳ20ϡ޸ĺޣУҪٴˣҪʱһЩ
һ˵һ̴12ҡȻٴ޸ģҪʱҪڶʡʱ䣬һҪдͶǰרҵɫ
ܳȻҲ˽⵽Щ԰ܳʵ׼ˣ˵֪ģʦȻأʱ䣬Ҿֶ֮ǰʦҵЩݣһһ˻ԭʹѾд˸ƪ
д֮ʦͬĻƻʦ
⻰һģͬƵģ֮󣬲ͷ촽˵ѶЩݣˣ
˽ϵ㣬˼ǿ㵽ôΪܳɣգƵ˼ǣѶеƫϣԣ˷ܳɹʱ䣬ҡ
ܳһڰݻԭ˵ˣһд˸µĿƪʲô
ţʦ֮ǰͶȥ֮󣬾һֱæЩ飬Ϊû
ܳɾԼƽһЩ˵ʦҵĴʱ䲻࣬ÿڿҲǲ鷿֮ͻص˼ֲ֮ǰôˢ׼ˣܹ¡
ܳɽʵд״ͣmetaʱܳɻǾʵҵģǺԴֳ˲ܳɻ
ܳɵĿʱȻøЩȻܳûвͷǿ϶ԵػҴЩ
֮ܳǰҲ֪ˣҪڿǳʣҪ׼һ׼ŬԼø㣬Ȼǰ뵽ϵķȥ
һ׼ǰȥ̽ƿĹУ׻Щʲô⡣
ڶ׼ǣܳɴƲμӿԣԼȥƴһѡ
᱾ƵģΪԼʧϡ衯һͿⲻܳɵı⡣
ǣҪԼȥ߽оĻôЩл׼ǱȻģ
£ֱܹҽúٿ֤Ļʵӹɵġ
ƪ£ԤʲôʱɣƴҲܳɻﻰ˼ʡ
Ҳðܳ鰡ϾֻһмĽڵ㣬ܳɳ˽ħԺһС̨ףҲǶҪйһķ
ǣոܳҲ˵ˣܳԴòκλᣬ͸ӲȥĿС飬ôܳд֮ƲٸŵطĻܳɾֻй䡣
ڴ֮ǰҪ֪ܳɵʲôʱ԰µĳд
ܳɾ͵͵һƣ˵ˡʵŽϣ
ʵܳǰ磬Ҳ磬ѾɸˣֻΪĩĻ飬Լݴû˵
Ҳû˵Ϊʱ׼㽲ʱ򣬶ȴںЩ顣
ԣһȻЦЦڴ֪ʵ˵İɣ
ܳ͵صͷ
ǵİ
Դ飬ܳɳ˵һյʱ򣬵õԴڵʶڵڶ콻ʱ򣬵õ˿佱֮⣬ܳɱΪԼԸ˵ġ
˭֪ⶼܹȥˣܳɻֻǿͣ
ܳɲԴٴˣֻһˣ㻹ʲô᣿γԺʿѧȻȥƽܴ
ڿܴ
ٴˣǶ󷽷ֱӰʵĳɹ˳
㶡ıΪôܳɣĳɹ£ʵʵġ
ûѵͣܳ⣬ѵܹͣܳѧϰ֪ʶܹһƪģˣ˭TM뱻ôŰ
ʶԸôȥŰô
·һҪúõظлһ¶ʦ㡣ܳ˵
ţǸúúлл
Ƶͷ˵ҲûбҪ̫ȥԼԼĿС飬Ŀ⣬ǴӿĴСʵҲʱʱ԰黹ȥ
㲻κεѹȻѾƪĵĳȻûзǣݵ̣ѾԹػصǵʵңΪʵԱ֮һˡ
ʱ򣬾öںɡ˳Ҳúõؽһʵҵúüͣ㣬δڣ
Ҫʵңʵ飬д£ĵ飬ᷢܵġ
ΪֻпС¡ݣõԣ˵ģǲ˵ģԵķʽֱӹ͹
ȥӭʲôʣΪ
̧ܳͷ˿ơ
ʱҲˣȥͶںϵɡǵҪͶ˵һȥҪԼҲҪе𣡡
ɲһˣñΪûصˡ

ص֮ܳ˼ûаµĳ巢ƿ
ƷǷǳҪģȻӦ˶㣬Ҫй¶ȥĻȻܰиȻƵƷҲֵ
ܳɾͰĵֱַ˶㣬ҵʦ㣬ҵЩݣѾˡ
ǲӣ
˿̵Ķ㣬ŸԼϸϷɻȻ򳵵ûüϴ
ܳɵϢ֮󣬶ʱɫùŹ
Ȼ󲻿˼ؿܳɷͼʽȺ󣬴Ƭ̡
ϴ֮ǰܳɷȥЩԭ壬૵ôأѵЩ
ȵȵȣֻǸܳĸֵĻظ
Ȼ󣬶Ͼ͸Դڴһ绰
ԴҲڹԽͨˡ
ʦǶ㡣Ϊеƣ
֮ǰ˵˵ȥˣǶ˵ˣҪߵʱһҪҪȥͣʵҲȽۡ
ʱôû˯
ԴڵΪͰϾ뵽ˣ£Ѿ˷ɻ˰ɣ
ţʦҸѾȫˣѾڸϻؼҵ·ˡ
˵ЦִɵأֻҪһСʱǶӳ򳵵ĵط򳵣ȳĿĵأż³̵ơ³ԼС
ֵķɻˡ
ллʦġ꣬ȻϵʦҪ˵飬
ʦ㻹ǵũʦֵʵʼ𣿡
ôһ˵󣬶ԴںȻ֮䣬÷ǳôͻȻ
æ˵ʦҲǹġ
Ŵ
Ұũʦֵıʼеԭʼеһ֣ܳɣΪ˸һѵģû뵽ܳɾȻⲿֱʼǻԭˡ
ʦڰݸ֮ܳǰһʾģʱҲͬ˵ġڵĻ
˵е֧֧ᣬΪ֪ũʦ֣Դһ
ЩʼǱũʦֳ֮ǰģũʦֻ¼ԭʼݣʵ֮󣬾ͳȥˣһûѱӸߣûбߡ
ȻĻҲܾһ⣬ˡ
ֻǰںԴԼʵũʦֵʱ˵бʼǱҵ˶ӦķΨûκαעıʼǱݣΪֹҶ֪˵ɶ
ǵоʲôʲô򣬶û
ԼͻȻ˳һ˵ܳƽˣǲе̫ðʧˣ
ũʦ֣ԴڷǳصһˣԺǳпܻԺģǳãȻͷ⣬һֱʵڵһɻ⡣
ȻѧУҽԺ˿飬ǣǴƺ⣬ũʦûˣкܶѧʵһڣûܳ
ȻΪ⣡
ʵȷҿ
ܳɣǸ鷿ǸСһ𣿡ԴʣŬƽͨ绰ܹóԴڵŬ
̱ͣǵģʦ
ȿ
ȻͰǼͼ˹ȥֻǣͼ棬˵λһƶˡ
Դڿ꣬ʱ͵üͷ
С㣬Ϣ
õģʦ
ȻŰԴڵ˼תܳɣܳɿϢ֮󣬱˴ȥ۾ͽ뵽磬Ҳû롣
ϾݵԴǴӶġ
һеȻҪԶԼڵŶΪǲԸĻôܳûʸЩгɸġΪܳṩԭʼԭʼݣҲдڿбϵݡ
ôǾܹܳɽѧ˽оٱ
ԭʼݽо֤ǲŽꡣ

գ
һ罻֮ܳеˣ
ģǶʦ˿һŴίͰ͵ؿǸ⣬ܳɾԻſھȻתߣ
Ҫ֪ϣûκ˵ʱǲֵǮġ
ܳɲ˵ɫһã˵ܳɣĶԲĺܱǸ
ܳغ΢΢۾˵ʦ㣬ʵҲûʲôǸģΣҵݣҰеĻʵ飬úõϸعһ顣
ѧϰҵȥ飬Чʻȫĳ̶ȣһ
ǵģȥ飬ȵȥĶЧʣ
ֻǣܳȫû뵽ǣóݣֻһ֣ΪȫԾ͸Ͻʼ׫дĵˡ
ʵ鷽ʵľоķ⣬Ϊͨʵֻ֪ܳĸʵĿĽ֪ϸȽЩ
ǰ˷ѵʱ䲻Ҳһڶһѡ
ʱ䣬ܳɻ˷ѵġ
æ˵ܳɣʦҲ֪ģʦ֪Ҹݣֻһ֣ԾڽϣʦңҰеʵݶ㡣
һΣûκεı
ǣֻǡ
ֹŴһĪҼĸо
ܳСʣֻʲôʦ㡣
ܳɵʵܣһֱȰοԼϣûԵ޹ʵĺãҲûԵ޹ʵĻΪԼ˶ֽڵĺ⡣
ҲԼ鷳ҲнյЩ¶ˡ
ֻԭʼݣеǲ֪ʵķĿϸôģǶ֪
ʵСһʦֵıʼǣˡ
Ͷ϶ģũʦֵ˵һ顣
žǣ֮ǰũʦԴʵĴʦ֣ǳԴڼʵҸ֮µͳܣڳѧ󲻾ãѧʵҷ⡣
ũʦǸʵҵһЩԱԼʵҵһڣ˻֮У
ʼǱʵҵδ֮ա
ȻҲܳɽˣʼǰʵСʵݣܹũʦôӵĶ϶ͨʵʼǡ
Со˺ü꣬δΪ֤ݲ㣬ҵܹṩϢʵ̫ˡ
ܳ뵽һģУҲǷѹʲʿʦֵıʼǣ
ģ棬û˵õıʼǣǲǸ沩ʿʦֵıʼǣλũʦֵıʼǡ
ܳ΢һ㣬ϾΪ󣺡Դڵ˼ǣ
ֽϣܹܳũʦһδܽıʼݸ֪ѣǣеΪѣҲΡ
ڸħʱĻ˵ԸȫıʼǱܳɣܳɻӦ
ǣڵܳɣģ˺üΣǷ֣Ϊʿʦ֡һϵе鷢ˣܳûг׸֮ǰ򲻸µġ
ϾôСҪġ
ǣܳɾҡҡͷ˵ʦ㣬ҾֽڿǸ߿ˣʦǶƽⲻ˵Ķôʵȥƽأ
ԲҿΪʦ㣬ҰͼѾˣȥһ㷢ԭʼݸɾұ֤ԲḴԭ
ĶܳǾԲġ
Ȼ˵һԼʧһѵԴ׽ĻᣬǱԵΣնԣܳɾãҪġ
Լӵеģ壬ǰ;δڣûҪΪǰһϰȥʲôͷ
ûҪ
ܳɡɫ΢΢һ䡣
ܳԾ͵ʦ㣬ûµģһǻллģҲġ
ô㻹ǸһǳԵĵһ·ˣͺ֪ģҪʵΪʲôãҪñӻ߸ָ¼Ŀԡ

ţΪܳɵ̬Ⱥȷǳؾܾ˶飬¾ʹˡ
ܳɻȥ֮󣬰еݼ̣ȫ˶֮󣬾ͽȫ̵ɾܳûзֱӽɾġ
ٴϸûзּ¼֮ܳɲŻһ
ʵε־磬Ҳһ٣Լ֪Ӧķ֪ôȥʵˡ
ҲʱȥҶںˡ
ܳɲûֱӸ˵Ҫ뿪Դڵٴ飬Ϊ֪ܳٴʵ鲻һ̫˾ռˣϵʵʵ飬ȻԴٴѧϰⲢͻ
㿴ܳɷЩʱѾԼ֮ˡ
Ȼ󣬶ͰЩݣ»㱨Դڡ
ԴڿܳɷͼѾ֮󣬳̾һһʼ¶ˣ
㡣ܿóЩݵо򣬵ĸ𣿡
֢ǣʪ
ҡҡͷʾԼ
Դڵʵоܶ࣬ⷽҲܶ࣬ԣܵȷ
Դô꣬ʵδܹͻһֱãũʦֵ򣬺пܾһûŪףûŪʵʼǡ
ңԴĿǰΨһȨоģֻˣһǶ㣬һĿǰԴڵһʿ꼶Ĳʿ
֮ǰ˵ݵһֽȡܳɵʱԴǴӦ˵ģҲûô⣬ֻΪܳɹƸһʱ䣬Ͳȥˡ
ûͷûβԼıͽôǸĻҲǲһ
ǣԴû뵽ôһƵΪȴǻܳɵĳ˵ʲôڣ˼֪Ըһ飬զģ
ܳɿɲǶ㣬ԴѧĿǰٷϣγʦѧԴܳô
治ô
еԸ˼ˡ
ңܳɸǷЩݴҲûͷûԵģҲûб⣬ΪⰡܳɻ˶ء
ĳʵ⡣
ܳ˳һԵؾͨʵڳƶȵĿˣزýʲôѺˣֱ¼ָƺ沿ʶ󣬾ͽʵҡ
ȻںܳʵתһȦ
ͷ΢е£Ϊʵʦʦ̫ˣ֮ǰԴڵʵңҪϺܶ౶
ں˵ɸ磬ʵˣΪ㻹ҪŶһʱġ
ܳɾ˵ʦԸѧϰģԣںʲôҪҰæĻһҪ˵⼸죬ȿʵ顣
ԣϡںš
Ȼɣɸ磬ڸսʵңһУС⣬ʵˣ͸һɣһСĿ⣬֡ߵĻС񣬶û꣡
ܳ΢е£ܿ춭ںͽˡ
ԭʵдСġ
йҼصĿ863/973ȣЩ뵥λʵҼʵеĸУ
ȻǹȻѧĿˣȻмУĿ
͵Ŀһһ㣬Ȼʵڸ˵ĿˣԼɣίСԱԲˮ֣
ͺñȶںֻһԼУĿһЩʦʦĻͿмԼԵʦ뵽Ŀ
Լ߾Ǹģûʲô̵ģʦֺʦ͵һЩûһЩС⣬ֵģ߾ʹʦʦæ
УĿҲǿԷµģǶںΪСˣԼûԲŸܳɣǴˣ
ллں
ˣлҸлŶԣΪˣʱҺҪǹһȻҽ᲻⡣ں˵úֱס
ܳҲֻЦЦҲǴˣҲȫ
ȻѾһˣһЩСĿûɣûռˡںֶܳɽ˵
û˵ռұ˰ܳɾ͵
ҿ㲻˵һΪǾռءں˼ܶôˡ
ܳҲû֮ͣǰֻڰ⣬ں׸ûʲôӣϾǱеˣ룬ԼǶںʦ壬ң


һܳɵʵģʽز뵽졣
Ϊںѧоܳרҵ͵ֱˣںʱʵԸܳԤԼ̨ܳǳʵҶԶںĿаæ
Ȼ󣬶ںһдҵġͬʱ׼ĸϰҶǱȽϳʵģ
ں˵ģ治٣ѾСУĴֻһС񣬲ܳ񰡣ʽϸ
ڶںܳĿʱΪںڴϸʱ򣬴ԼôˡԣĽ֮ǰƺܴ
ܳɺͶںˣһ
ΪķʹܳɺͶںˣòʱƷ֮ǰʵ֮ǰʵƣ̫ڼˣԣǵ¶ԿڵĶʵвͬĴ
Ҳǣ֮ǰʵ飬Զ飬ʵ飬Ǳ֮ǰĳĬ飡
һ̶ڹȥ
ܳ붭ں˾ȻǷǳط֣õʵǳϲˣ
ΪܳɺͶںоֹϸϵǴӼҲãǷʣࡢǲϮԵȣǴؽˣ
Ϊˣ˵ľʱڣںΪ⣬ֱϱ˿飬ܾһ񣬲ƽ˶Ŀѿɶȣһ̨ף

ĳһգҹ
ܳģ֮󣬲૵ˣ˵Ϊʲôħں˵ԼܲˣԼ֮ǰģĹаںʵʵħԺԺ˲ţ
ԭԭﰡһУ⣬ײؾȻΪ˿Ŀ⣬˼·ȥֱõϻָտɴ
ʮ·ݼʿڼڴ֮ǰܹһƪôĻԽṹ£ƣƽѶں˰
ԣںڿĹУٷְˡ
⣬ǶںҲڣ
Լһ
ںֵܣ
ܳ˵ţҪúõسѪ붭ںһٺõġ


ڶһʮ ͵ɴ£
Ҳʵһ֣ܳԶ仰
ա
칦ϣ׼ȷ˵˵С칦ϣܳɺͶں˶ΪģܹһơƣϣȻٽ˼ˣһס
ܳɻδü˵ں̲ס͵͵ɸ磬֪ʦ̸ˣ˵ҿǩˣøһСβ͡
ܳһŶı־Ըÿˣ
ʿѧԵķ֣һѧУ֯ͳһԣһ־ѧУڲ֯ۺϿˡ
һͳһԻᾭԡԵȶڣۺϿ˵Ļֻԡ
ںӦ˶ʿоħԺھͶѧǲһģǻϿ뿼֮ǰõʦǩ֣
ʦǩǺзģҾҪˣ뱨ҵѧ㻹Ҫǩ֡
ҿԲҪ㡣
ǵģʿѧԵʱǻᶨ򵽵ʦģҪҪҪǲҪ
ѧʽֻӭӵ˶ʿҵܵƶ޷ܵ϶ϲмӣûӦݣ߲·
ȻҶ˲ţչ˵ģһЩ֪Ľڣ˵ƽԴԺʿжһЩ
ѧУͽǣܶ࣬ÿֻһܳΪԽƽΪ׵Ĺߡ
ںΪ󡯵ص˵ͷ϶˰ҪĻҿɾǡ
ֱܹõһȥʱ
ܳԣ˷ۡ
ں֮ǰĶϾֲֳͬʵûرĻ˼ҲҴţֻһȦӡ
Ȧˣر֣϶رܡǶȦڵˣҲһЩܡ
ȻⲢǶںܺѧϽҲǫ顣
ĽֻǰڸȦ˿ģûڱ棬
ںǹϲ˰ܳȶ˾Ʊ˶ںһ
ںҲæٱܳɿѾƱıԵЩҲûᣬһɸ磬˵һҪлء
ΪҰˣҿûôõӡ
ܳҡͷģ棬ںģԲܳûﶭںںջǻΪڶڼûа뵽Ŀꡣ
ں޷ҵˣں޷˳ҵڱҵʱҲÿһ
ںģǱͨѶ߾ģһҲָ˵ġֻµģĲʵңһץһѡ
ҪĻĿⷽѡĺãܳɷǳ̹ϵص
ںУ⣬ǹһȽŵİе㣬ûʲôԱں뵽ˣ鶼á
˸ʱ򣬶ڸںĿ֧Ͷιιҵ
ҲǶں鵽ڶûʼԭֻǰȻûʼܳɵһΰѼϸϸϵȻӦԼôһ
ҹϸʱûҵˡ
ʼʱܳɻΪԼϸȾˣظ˺üΣˡ
Ȼںܳɰϱ֮󣬶ں񶼱㣬ܳ붭ںˣȫȫؿʼС⣬ڣΪ׷ٶȣ黹ίһ˶ʿ꼶æ
λǶںʦܣܳɵʦ֡
ǣóǣں׽ܳͬѧ׽Щ
أͬѧֻҪӴЩ
ⲻŶ̶ڣܳɺͶںͷ֣еĽʾTMеϲ˰
Ŀǰʵ飬Ҳϸʵ飬ѾˣĻôͿ׫дˡ
ǣϣڵĿ飬ȻǲôһСɼġֱʵҺͿ壬ϱУĿģѶںĿڣչ
׼估ʱҵһҪǧǮ
ȻǧǮںûκεİǣ
ħĿвˣܹģͲҪСˣܹдµģͲҪˡңںҲϲ˵Ľֻʱ鲻ЩɹյĳɹųȥΪĿǰо
Ȼڻںܳ˴طʮĺоʽǮĿѻûǰõģ֮Լľˣͻڡ
ϹèײӶѣɸ磬˵ĻҾˣҵøЩ
ڲô˵ĺеҲһܹԵģʱǻҪһһ۲ǡںܴ󷽵˵
ʵڣȫ԰ܳһ߳ȥȻڿʦʦ㣬϶кܶæмѧ槼æȥ
ܳɵ΢һգʽ˵ںʵ㲻ù˼ͬѧݵġ
ڣʵʵڵѧѾԳһˣǵŶӡ
ܳɻû˵ֱӱںˣĵ˵ɸ磬ô˵ĻҾͲˡȻ겻ѧʵҶһִġ
ʦʦѧͽһȻ˵ֹϵûйʱôǿˡǣҪ֪ûʵĻʵʦʵǴסġ
Ϊ
ˣԺٸ˵ɣ£ûԸ㽲ȽϺЩ
ȻʦѾѧˣǻһˣʦеʦֵܸսʦŵʱ򣬾Ŷ佻顣
ֻԺǲҪ˵ĺãȻһʦĻ᲻ˡ
ܳҲͱտڲˡ
ҪǣͨôһµĽܳҲһ
ǾǣʦͽҲãͬҲãվܻǱڵľϵԶ˸ԵȦ֮󣬹ϵʵûеôǢ
ƽҪԳһĻʵͿԵȥˣΪĿǰڵѧ飬ϵĿɺˡ
ϵĶ飬ֻˣܳɺơƽˣ
õġȻѾǵһνʵҵˣ֪ܳԼʵҺͿ˽⣬Զ維ںרʵ࣬ӽô
ˣɸ磬ٴϣǸŶ𣿸оôںʣǺ棬ҲЩĽ
ʵרҵоĽѧоȫȫʵ飬о£ýѧµԽ࣬Ժҹʱơ
ѧ͵оΪĽרҵоٴкúõѧϰרҵ֪ʶԺҹΪаһЩˣμӹ֮Ͼܹμ
ںļνɼ걾ûôȥٴԶںܵģԼԺ󼴱ǹˣǿò־ͨĶĽ
аɣҪͻǶ࿴ѧ
ܴĻܹģⲻÿ뵽˹ؼʱȻҪʵҰæġܳɻص
ԴϴζԴڷǰܳɸ֮󰡣ͶܳɻĺõģܳɳŵֻҪܳɹܴܹõ붡ͬĴ
ܳڵ˼ȫϣΪ˸ʿ׼ҶںĿҲ˹ؼʱȻܹӡ
־ܾԴڵĺ⡣
ȡᣬ
ңܳɲٴûѧϰٴ£ѾѹǿгIIIʽȫģˣоͰ˲ֵIV
ţģIVʱܳɾͷģIVĽչǳһЩIVҪﵽȼҲҪһʱ䣬Ҳģ⣬ܹﵽȼ
Ϊķʱ䣡
Ҫǣܳɷ֣ȼֻ綨ʵкܶʽԽи΢¡
԰ʵܳҪߵĵ·ȻԶ
ͺñĹַλǳ綨弶
ıؽڵַλֻ綨弶
ֻЧĸܹΪ綨壬ԣܳѾڰеģ֮ģⷽ򡪡

ǣһǣܳģõ˸ķҪȥʵӦãͱٴ
ٴʵˣ
ϸǶ
ܳҲʲô֪ĸڻ߽ڣԣܳҪֱӰѿĶΪ˵ĻȾ͵óĻ֤Լٴ
ٴ֮ǰܳɾ͵úúõذѻãд£͹ۡȫٴİȫЧԡ
ְȫЧԣɲһ˿֮˵һã˵Ưģ
ǲӰ쵽ɸɣںܳɵĻһ˵
ԲȲ⣬˵Ӱ㣬ӰأܳɾöںͻȻеɰֻǰûص㡣
ǰܳɣŸȥˣͶںѧΪ飿
Ȼܳɸ̹Ȼؽ£ܹͶұԺںٴ֮ͷҲ԰ɣ
ΪĿǰǿٴмܵУΪ׷ж׼ŵˣܳȻرεؽܶں
ȻܵǰǶںƱʲôǶںģǲ⣬ܳҲԼˣĿ⣬ûҪ
ȣˡ
ں˵ɸ磬ͶʣӪ֪ɡ
ϾܹͬʱõʦʦصˣһǷˡ
ܹʱʦˣҲ϶ͨˡ˵Щˣܳɸ磬Ǽȵ㡣
ȻʱС⣬Ѿǽˣǵʵ黹Ҫȥġһʱ䣬ҵİģҴȥŷĿǰоеΰе㶼һ飬Ȼһǿİеĵͨ·
ܳɸ͸Ѿƺõͨ·ʵ̣ô
ں˵⣬ֵҪ꣬ʵ鶼ˣʱЪһɡ
ãܳҲԣϾԵʵ飬ܳڵĲֻǿ˵ţ̫ȱֵĻᡣ
ȻŵķܳҲģģ
ǣûҪ
ڣӳоһھĻ֮ϣҪΪȽĿƼͬʵĿø͸Ӿ׼ȻٸԶ顣
ŷʵ顢飬ֵһ֣ͿԷһƪӰӺܲ£ǽĻֻҪݴõδزܳһĴڿ
ʵҲûйƵˣܳɿˣںҰģǲСġ
ãҲˡ
ٺһڡ
е䣬֪Ըˡ
ߣ
ˣ˷ˡ

ںľκãܳԼľǲģ׾Ƹɰû⡣
ǣڶںûС
治֪ƣʲôôѧԾˣȾҲ̳ƵġһȺһơ֮󣬸ĺ˰׵ģһһһȥٺƿơ֮
ܳѾǽӽˣǶںûˣܳɻǱںͻġ
ȻܳĿǰʶˣҽԪСڣҲõ˯ͷˡ
ԪС٣ﲻղˣԭеĲ˻϶ԺˣԾǶ㣬ԲȥܳɾȻȥˣ
ȻȥʵһҪȥġ
Ϊ˾ƣܳ붭ںԼõʵＯϵʱʮӡ

գ
ҲԪСٵĵһ죬ܳȻˣǰչܲȻϴˢϴײͣ
PSͺˢӿѧŶ
ȻЩܳɾʹ˵ԡ
ϾͿ˼δϢǰģҪʺ˵СЩȾƺȶˣϷġ
ܳɸ˻ظеˣѡ
Ԫ֣
ΪûɳУܳ밲ҲԼ˺ܶ࣬ԶɳеʱôĻݡ
ңҲܳɷԪֵʺ賿ʱ򷢵ġ
Ⱥ
Ԫ֣
ܳɲȥ㷢Ϣ
ܹһǶһ෢Ľףڶǽ෢ģ
ܳɣϢϢ֮ǰͶ£ˣ
ȻϢͼǣ
Dear Dr Dian Ding

I would like to inform you that payment is due on 29 Januaryand your current outstanding balance is EUR 1950
֮ǣ
ҽá
ң
Ǯ1950ŷԪ
走
ܳһ´ۺ15000
Ǵٰɣ
ҿ
ܳɺæ˵Ǹʦ㣬ҪѸӷҰɡ
õǮҪõģͲ֪ԶΪͨѶ֮󣬰ѵıȥ˭

ͨѶ߸ѵǱ㻹֪𣿡ϻص
·ˣǿģֲҪǮġ
µͨѶߣҾռ˴ˣҪǻҪİѵĻ֪ˣҴġ
ŷһίС顣
ܳɣ
ڵĶû棬Ļʦ˵ЩֳЩܲˡ
ܳɻҪ㣺ʦ㣬ѣǲǾͲù˰ǾͶлʦ˰
Ȼ˵˸ͨѶȥǣһǮҪڵŶӳģôһ㣬ǿ̫
ָ߷ֵmetaѧУҲһĽģҲϵߣӦи
Ͷƽ֡
ҿ
ϸ׬Ӯˣ
ʦܣϲ㰡ĵһƪ¾ӰӸߴ12ֵڿڿǱֵܴԺӰӻߣᱻˮСûټ֮ǰĻ⡣
ƶں£ѵܳɵǼ£֪˻
ллʦָ㡣ܳɺܿġ
Ȼ˳־Ͱѽͼת˶ں
ں˵һ֮Ϸ˻ظ
¾ͷ˰

ҪͳԷ⼸䣬ںʶطģһΪܳɿģȻǼɿ֮󰡡
ںϵŶԣҪͳԷˣ
ܳɣлл㰡10ϵµĻҲõģ
ԺһսֵܳҲġ
ϢǰѶںըˣܳɷӦһ£ԣںģ
ʵҰһȥģں͵
ܳɣ
ţƣں磬
ˣʵҲϲȾƵģҿѧǴΣҼֵǷҪŹңҲŷ֣Ұ壬ҲҼֵܶſˡŵҰϽҽԺ
θҲûɶ£ˣҵĸιĳǿ֡ںŸܳɷһ
Ǹ𣿣ܳɿЦ˵
ҺҰֺĺ𣿡ں붮һ塣

ܳɲδںȥʵҺ󣬾ֱȥʵңǰϢ㱨Ƽ
ûѣѾ˹һ䲻Ҳûˡƺƶæӡ
ܳɾʣʦʲôҪҰæ𣿡
ѾǰʵңҲٴǣ֮ܳǰü˵Ҫȥæƶܾˣ˵ܳȺúõظŶںʵ飬鲻ùܡ
ʵӶںʵҴһʱ֪ܳʵҵ;ܸӣΪʵȻҪĸγʵ棬ĸڣҲʵҵҪˡ
ңƽڵŶӣʵռݵķݶ˵֮٣һһĽʵԱģҲСˡ
ܳʱ죬ںϤҲкûܳɽܡ
Ϊں˵ǲùܣʱȻʶ˾ͺãҲȥشк
ܳϸΪʲôʱںǲԸ˵ֻܳɵʱȥơԣÿܳʵƵʱƶɫҴҵġ
ֵȰѶںǸãȫߣʱﲻʲôæ
Ƴ˵Ļ֮⣬˵һ䣺˳ĻԺǵʵңͻᰲˡ
ţܳĪ۾
ҺʦԼʦλڶųʵȥʵҾСŶӵģۼôˡ̫ӰСԱˣƽ˵
֮ǰֹܳʡ
ⶼʦһˣ˵ˣ
˵֮󣬾ûٶ˵ʲô
ܳȫ˵ô£ԭҪ飬ǰʵ峡ˡ
ܳһ˵ʦֵ֡
ʦ֣
ֻǿϧںԸἰʦֵ֣Ҳǹ¡
ֻǣ֪ܳǣĿǰʵʵڵĽںһĽڣ൱ĸԼһƱѧôˣ˵ܸߣǾܸߵô
ΪʲôǸߣȥ
мĲģˣ

ܳȥʵ붭ںϵ·ϣͲص㿪䡣
Ϊ뿴ڿͶ壬ڿ᲻һ߻ظǣûС
ȻûУǣһδϢܳǾϲ
ͬѧãĳϿѧ֮ģҷϵ˻᳡е񷽼Ƶ¼ƷеĽȡϵ֮󡣳ȥ߾ܾۿǵѧϰ¼֮⣬ѧϰ¼񣬿ԺĹǿƽҹĦһΣʱ320Сʱ
ɷΪιۿߣֱϵXXXXվ׸塣ԱݣɻŻȯ
ɽҽԺǿƽң
ܳĶ꣬𾪵ˡ
ԭһΣǿCOA췽ħĸҽԺħļҽԺֻЭ췽
ɽҽԺɽҽԺ췽
ħĸҽԺھҽԺʼҽԺ»ȣֻЭ췽
ǣˣܳɲǸѧֻħѧȻΪڵϢһһϵеĽߣ
֮ǰܳڵʡҽҩѧȫܵ飬ܳɶ޷
Ȼ֪ڵħܲǣܳıΪȦˣ
ţƣɽ
ܳûŻظȴվһǸ۸֮󰡡
ܳԼҪĻ400ԭ2000
۸Ҳʣ
320СʱûûҹĿҲҪʮ죬ôȥɽҽԺĹǿƽҿĻԼء
һ˸СʱѾ˰ɣҲҪʮ쿴꣬ؾҲһٶˣ
Ϊ˽ʡһٿǮôرûҪ
ܳҲǮ
ǣܳɾ˾ʦãǳֿظлΪŬҲллṩһôõѧϰᡣҾ˼֮󣬻ǾϹԴӱݡ
Ͳ鷳ʦˣѧл
ظرٷǣҪһظöԷ֪ô¡ܳɴ㣬ȹ죬дһдĸлżĹȥ
Լʱ䣬ҲԷΪԼ飬˼
ȻѧϰԴǣֻǿԼġ
ܳӺĳվĿͷϸعͨҰе֤ݶύ֮󣬲õһؼȯܳɸϽˣȻ֣γ̵ʱֻаꡣ
۹ģġ
Ͱɣ
ѧУʦЩվĿľֻΪĲѡ
ܿγ̳335СʱܳҲԭվȻǼ˵㣬ʱ֮£ǰЩͬܳɿεĽߵƵҲ
վǻɽҽԺĽƼģ϶ȨģҲ߷ֳɵġ
ԣҲõʵ⣬Դ档
Щ֮ܳɾ͸ϽϵʵңʵںѾˮӣʼһߺˮһ߿ʼŷҪõĸִ
ϾΪһҽѧҪŹߣֳֻɵĴȥճҪԼȫȫдһȫ룬Ĵ롣
Ҫʱе̫ˡ
ܳǻģΪŷҽѧеܳģ˺üΣҲģһЩԵܳܳģͳѧвѧصԣ棬Ŷ㲻ϡ
֮ǰ͸԰źܳɾͼȥˣȻףӦĹ˾һûЩлεػĳĬԼܲܶĳλйԼеȵȣ
ӣңҲܳʵ
ʱ֮ܿ
ʱ䣬ܳɵйȫϸϸʵ飬飬ףоͨ·ҽѧѧƲͬרҵףо˵о˼·
Ȼϸʵ飬ףϵԴ
صңͿĻƵΪģķ򣬼¼Ȼģ棬ʼĽߡţơĲ֣Ѵȥģ⡣
Ȼ󣬺ܵ۵ͳˣΪ˵ĴƣĴţơ
Щ˴ţƣܳģ⵽˺ȴõһɷʵĳƺţҲ˵һЩ˵Ĺǵ뷨ʵǴġ
ǣĿǰûʶ
ҲһЩ˵뷨ģܳģĹУ˹ŵԸĽ
ңôõģУܳһεطһܡ
Ǿǣ綨壬Ǽȶġ
¶壬޾ģΪܳɵȫŹؽû¶壩Ѿ¶ĴΣҲ˵Ĵεĸ¶壡
ڴ֮ϣƺûиߵĵȼ˵Ƶġ
綨塪
¶塪
Լܣ
ȼܵ׺ܳɷ·еʧ˷һеˣϵļܣԶûôһ˵
ֻвϵظĽϵ
ңµĹۿĽ¼ܳɷ֣ǿƵĴѧǰ˵ʵ̫Сˡ
ѧѧۣЩˣһӵĶŻᷢԼǴġ
һӣܾͶķڿ׷ѰûнĬĬţ
ѧѡ
ѧҲܼ򵥡
ǣȻѧѣվ̨ϵûУֻȥ̸ֽĻôһʼʧߡ
νĲƽ
ĳ棬治˶ѣҪôҪôǽǮλǣ籩
ڣһ֮ܳɺͶںˣľغķµʱ䣬ǰĿеšڡʵ鲹ȫˣңһеεػĲͬ԰лӰ켰ϸӰ졣
һܳҲԲߡߡЭߵݣ뵽Լĵһ⣬ԲԼĵһ
ǣǰܻʮRMBһ壬Уоʽʮ࣬ȫƽڵ
ȡõĽǾ޴ģƽ˵ˣںһεƪģҪĴڿarticle͵µģ
ںܳɹһƽγͨѶߡƶǳǳ͵أ׼ɴ顭


ڶһʮ ֮ϲ
ˣںҪ㽲һ顣ҪȥһˣҪ֮ʵҡ㵽ʱҿһϸ״̬
ǰһҪϸˡķʵĳһ̨ϣܳһʰԼıʼǱԡǮƷһ߶дĵĶں˵
õģɸ磬ҪȥԼɣںͷûأ˸Ц
֮ԿЦΪĶںڸ֮࣬ЩΪơ
ĺܶͬѧʵʦǣܳûŮѣܲܰܳɵ΢ƸǣԷͺ̲֮ġ
ںҪǵķ̲
ҪǵĹۡ
ܳɹͬһ뵽ʽֻһС⣬ǿĻѾ͸ߴʮˣԿЦҲûʼʶʱôˡ
ܳɿ˶ںһۣöںʱҪÿ̫ࡣҲǵںƽ̨Լߺܶ࣬ûô˽⡣
ûУҪŮˣܲԷ𣿡
ǶʦȥѧУҽѧԺϽɱĲϣȻҪһ˿пƣϴηƪmetaϱһ¡
ʦ˵ǣƪȥģԣͿ걨һ½ǵһߣҪȥܡܳҲʵʵ
⣬ںŻŶŶȥ껹һƪnetwork metaBJSM꿯ɣӰǶţӦ10ϡ
ȻʵͿеˣԴ󲿷ڿӰӶΪϤǾģǲ̫ǵӰӺͷһһ䣬Ҳû˭͹עЩ
12֡ܳɻص
ҲҪԷںһת֮µmetaʱȨأϵȨϵ0.1w.10ϵ0.4w
ǽ˰֮Ҳкüء
żȻã˰ǰٷ֮ʮ4.8wҪ˰9600
Ҳʣ࣬Ͳ֪ʱô֣ôôԸ㷿
ãͳԷܳҲС
ܳɺͶں˵ҪͳԷ飬ʵҵ˶׷׿˹һۣҲûÿڡϾʵʵ̫࣬ҪһĻǾе̫ˡ
һ㶼ǷֲͬԼģִ롣
Ҿ˰ܳɿ˿ʱ䣬Ѿߵ࣬ܳɻҪȥ׼һЩϡ
šںͷȻʾ֭
ϾΪ븺ˣµ׫дǵһ˳λˣҲܹܳдֻǶںãƪԼǳ˴ģҲ̫ܳ顣
ϾݵĴ棬ܳɾ˲СĹס
֮ܳԸóݴ֮ǰЩûɵݸģڶںǰݺݵװһѡ
Ҳ˵ȫ

뿪ʵҺܳɾ¥붡ˣΪʵңҲⶰ¥ֻ¥㲻һѡ
˵ܳɣЩҪ׼ðȻҪڽϵʱ򣬵¼ҽԺĿϵͳӦ¸ǼȥȻܹ˳ؽ걨
ȻǼǵļ¼µµȫĴӡȫĴӡԼȥӡҽѾҵʦܣȥҽѧԺͼݿ֤ϡ
Щ㡭
ţܳɾͿӺһ棬һֽܳɡA4ֽƺ֤Ƶġ
ܳɲʣʦ㣬ȥ굽һ˶°
ĭ
СģǶʮƪɣⲻࡣûʲô¡˰ͷŵ㲻ҪЩ࣬Ժֵ£㶼÷ˡ
ȻȥȵǼǰҪҪдøϢѵġһҪȻĻҽԺǲġϸ
õġܳɵͷȻҲ붡ֿˡ
˳ķܳȰ΢ʰһ£ȻŰѸָĲϸȡ˳
Ⱦͼݵֻ֤֤бУͼݳʾ֤ݲãΪٷ֤㷢£Ļпǲϵġ
֮ҪµǼҽԺڵϵͳΪÿҽԺÿӰӣۺӰйأ
ҽԺھľһ飬ҽԺĿۺٴۺһ֡
ΪħԺĶҽԺ濪չ߾ʽѾرľˣҪҽԺÿѧƵĸ򣬵ûд¡
ûٴʽĴ£еĴ¡
ѾеļΪҽԺ˭ô
ؽû
˶ҽѧ
عǽΣ
ⶼô˵ļˣ۸ʲô
Ҫľ¡оز١
ȻѧҲеһ棬Ӱغֻܶܶ࣬аÿһ㶼ãܹҽԺۺʵӰ
ܳɶһһҽԺгɹĵǼϵͳµǼǺú󣬾ͳһǼǺǼǼ¼ͼ棬ҲҪӡΪĲϣΪе鷳
ǣ鷳Ҳ˭ܵõġͱ維ںȥûзʲôȦɵ£ûлε걨

գֱ磬ܳɲŶһµ걨ͲϽ
ܳɺͶۣǸ˲ϵĿпƵʦҲۣƺʶģͿЦС㰡ܲԺٷѽ㿴һϣ˶ûӴֻӴˡ
ͿЦ˵ʦҪȥԺ˵һ£ԺˣǾͿԶдˡ
ʦƤһ˶һ£ⲻǺ
ˣЩϣǺϸģװͳƺˣϱȥ
һ£С㣬õıȥ࣬ѽʦЩĽͰԵʡ
һЦû岻֪
ûʦһֻơ
ܲ࣡գգۣȻǸСƵġ
ʦ̷˷ۣҶˡ
⼸ǮӦö칻һ׸˰ɣ

ܳţͿʼ۹۱ǣǹۿˡ
ò˵ʦţܹӾҽԺѧ޶ôǮʵͱ°ǹǮ˭£˭Ը
סԺҽʦԣʵԱҲԣֻҪܹĿʵҾ͸ҷ
ħһ׸ǲе߯ѽ
˿пƣҪܳһȥԷҽԺŵĿϵ»ȥ֮󣬸Եһײ֮ܳɾͺ
ʦ㣬һõĽܳɺܺ档
нʮǶ˹֮òн
һһ˺Щרȥõȱһֶָһ㡣
֮ܳǰ˵ľʮ򣬺ȵһ϶ҪǾһ
ټһ㡣
G˭˵ûõģ
ܳɾ˴Ĵָ
͵ܳɣԺ϶ҲôڶûѧõǮŶ
ңͶںǸ⣬϶򵥰ɣȻĻȥôõʱ䣬ǿ黨ôྭȥµġ
ʵ϶жļϸ
û취Ǳ˵ĻܳɿܾҪǸϸ˭ˣɶ˭ֱɱ֣
ģһȭ϶Ǻܺÿ޵ӡ
ܳЦЦûػ
ҲûˣȻܳɣܲϵĿ֮ǵĿСæʦϣܹſλũʦֵıʼǡ
ǻṩϢ
ò
ģ궿ˣ
̻ܳ˼Ƥƥ㲻ҪӰ
ڵسź˺ü֮󣬲ǿסľ
ոնòɱ̫ǿˣܳˣΪζںô¶ˣ㣬˳ϵҪһˡ
gaygayˣٷ֮ٻУ
ҪǣĿֿûֹĶ
ֻί
ҪҵʦǲСܳһڣʵﻹΪе㿪ġ
ܳɸʱ򣬶˵ʲôǾǧܹκй¶ݣƵ˶ܽ
ܳѸٵ˵һƪ״metaʱ򣬶ѾʼȥܳȥЩˣԴҲöܳɾܾˡ
ܳɸŶںһ¶ںĿ֮󣬶ٴη롣
ǵ̺ͻ۵ĺô
ΪֻйϵĶҶϵĶˣҲܹϿ㡣Ļƾ޾ݣΪʲôҪʵǿ
ôҪȥ룬Լֻǻ᲻أ
ʵԹƽģܾԹƽ
ʵǣֻҪ㹻ʱ䣬ܹ۵㹻ĵ̺͵Եõ˵Ͽɡ
ǿɾ˵˰ͻȻðһƵóѵıҲ֪ǲոԼȥ½ĽһΪľˣ

ܳɺͶ˳Թ֮󣬾͸ȥæԼˡ
ûֱȥʵңȥҡ
ǣܳɻȥԼʵҡ
ϵݵʱ򣬻һʵˣƽģҲϵѧǸܳɴк
ܳҲظ˸кһʦ֡
û˵ˣֱ˵ݣλʦֲ˵ܳɣ֮ǰǷһƪBJSMǰɣǷ𣿡
ŷҪͨۺӦִŴϢѧ֪ʶϷݽбȶԡʶ𡢱⡢ʽṹԤ⡢ȷ
ҲǷһ֡
ܳȵͷҡͷʦ֣ǵģҷ״meta
ŶλʦֻΪź͵һΪ㷢أҲдһƪŵ£ݴķ棬һ⣬˵ݴͦõģһء
˼ʦ֡ܳΪǸػء
ΪưʾܻЩʦָϳȥܳҲͲȥֺʲôˣȻܳҲŷڶںдƪ棬ŷݡ
ûû¡Ҿһʣȥæİɡ
ŷֿˡ
ܳ˶ںԱߣںexcelıʽϾҪѱŽwordĵģԸʽҪá
ںûܳɣ͵ɸ磬ϸųֻҪסˡҿϸģ꣬ǾжʮƿϸˣӦǹ˵ġ
ţ࣬ϴζϸƿӦûаƿܳҲͷ
ϸ棬ϸŵһ֣ȻĻÿµʵ鶼ҪµϸĻǾе̫ˡʵʱ򣬻϶ʡʡġ
ϸģ껹Ҫʵ飬ȻҪǰеεػʵ飬˭֪׻һȥ
İеأmRNAͨ·ĵأеmRNAlncRNA
ˣɸ磬ʲôĿⰡҪҪеһͨ·ںʡ
ȷֻһе㣬ͬһеĵMRNA·кܶһһҪȥģںͨŷóģߵǸܳɾͿȥԵڶߵǸ
ȻܳĿǰȤ
ҿܻȥǹؽϸĿ⣬ΪҾãֹǹؽ׵ıźͱϥŵġܳȻȥԱ˵ʣںпյĻԸںܶ⡣
ȻĿǰǿţ׷µķ򣬵ĻԹؽ׵Ļ߱Ų졣
ңԹؽȻѾоˣǳܹоúðǲǾЧ棬ǶٴӰ죬൱ģ
ǣܻӰ쵽Źؽûе˾棬Ҳã
ܳɵĿֻһ£IIIڵĹԹؽףûбĿԣ˶ѡ
ԹؽףѶںһ
۾˵ĿǰҽԺһʦ򣬾ûˣԹؽѾûʲôоĵ·˰
Թؽ׵ĻߣʵѾ˺ܺõƷ
Ǿǹؽû
ԻúܺõԤⷽʵо岢󡣲ôš
Ҿ㿴ҲѾ˱ѡķܳɾ͵
ܳҲû¶ԼҰģпɱ¶ҰģҪѾ¶ĵϵģͺñٴϣܹܳ˵ԼȥľIV˵Լȥʲôʽ
ʽܹ˵͸ôҪһĵ̲ȥġ
㶼֪ʲôǺãôȥǺã˶֪ʲô֤ʽĿôƣð
ûоֻǼ򵥵һRCsعԶоأ
ͬʵ˱춼ر
ǵҲǡںͿʼеԵϾڵչ󣬻Ļ鶼ˡ
Ҳһִвܹṩĵˣ
ܳɿȥԴں԰ܳɶסף˾ڵĿأ
Ȼ󣬶ںȥԼıˣŶŸ裬ԼȥʵɹȤΪȻԵá
ܳҲĲ¿ҪȥԹؽ׵ĿĻҪܶ׵ģҳ˿ǿƵףҪܶѧƵףһĶԱȣ˲ܹƳһȽϺӱĿ⡣
ңҪϸµضԴĻûһŵķŵЩеͨͨóһ飬һ״磬ͿԷǳؿ˸ָӰе·֮ˡ
磬ǵͼһĿȻ֪Ǽ·໥ӣԵģЩ·ǲӣûԵģԼ̶ȵؼԴĳɱ·

ֻǣܳΪеǣܳ׼ʱ򣬺þöûϵ߮磬ȻǸϢ
ѧҽԺܿһ˶ҽѧѵࡣ
Ȥȥô
ʱǳһܣѧǧԼʳޡѧԱ̨ٵĻᡣ൱һǧһ̨ܹѧ
ڲȡ
ܳɿϢ֮һ㶣Ҫȥѧô
߮ظҲȥΪд߲ʦҾټһˣҵһʱ㣬ȥĻܹѧĶӦñЩͬҪӶЩ
ѧУֻһȥĻҿ˵׽ڡ
㻹ְܳɻΪ߮ˣʼѧϰأ
߮͵ڵʱˣˣһ´򣬱ҽԺĸڻö࣬ƾʲôҪ
һҪǾòμʡĵڶƬᣬҪѧϰһ㣬һѧPPT
УǵĵһȵƬ쿪ʼˣ㻹ҪһˣٰϴεǸѧضҲpptһ⡣
ңܳɺطһʺš
϶㰡ô˵˰
ȥȥʱֹǰһ졣
ʱĵһڡʱ٣Ǳ߱ȽϺðš߮絹Ǻܸɴ࣬Ƣ֮ǰֻ࣬Ŷܳɵ˽֮󣬵ǺܳɵĻЩ
Ҫ֪һεᣬ߮綼ûμӵģεħᣬ߮Ҳûġ
ҪʣһСʱ֮󣬸𸴡֪ܳεѵãǻҲٰ
ã

ΪʱȽϼһ߮Ǳʵģܳɾֻܴ绰ơ
˵¡
֮󣬷ǳȣʡҲ߮ûȥ
ţܳɵͷ
ʦҿȥһ𣿡ܳʡ
Ȼ԰ε༶Ҵˣһλǰģר˹ļרٴڿΣһйڵĶ󿧡
ħҲͻɽˣ
㣬ûи£
߮ΪʲôܵأΪʲôأƾΪ֡
֮ǰ߮йһ˽⣬Ҳֻ֪߮Ѫеţ˼ǣǿƷ棬߮Ͳ¶ֵġ
ô˵߮绹С
˵Ҫ֣ܳҲʵʵ˵
̲һ󣺡ʹˣҶȥոˡ֡
Ĵ󰡡
ҲǣһǮˣɳпֱƽҲûеһӣ󣬶ǿ󲻵á
ܹ˵׽ڵĻȥҸȥеһлѡžʦˣҲǳĵġ
Ͼ˻ڴܵʱǼѾһ׵ˡ
Ҿȥܳɵ
ãȱɡҲܿ˻ظ

ܳ߾͸߮˵ˣֻ߮ǱȻһokƣȻͲ˵ˣܳԻظлл߮綼ûлظ
ͬʱƾֱӴ绰γԺʿЦŹʦСõ˹ǸСѵ˵ҪǧıѣҪҪȥ
Сܣ
˵ܳɣѾôٴˣԴ˿̻ڼ￴£Ƶĵ绰ʮ⡣
Ϊ飬ʵ֪ģˣһ˶ҽѧģҲûкʵѡͣԾûӡ
Ҳ˴绰˵Ǻ漸죬һʲôԣۺʵϣȥУѲ˾ħġ
˵˿ɶˣʮһȺ˶ʿʿˡ
ȡ
ǵģܳɡ
ʦҸ㽲ˣСܵٴĺġƼγϣܹܳɷŽٴȥٿУˡ
ⶼ¶ˣܳɵͳˡ
Ǿȥ£˵ʳޡѧѡͨѣҶˡ
Ҳˣǰ㴴ˣǸؽڵģô˶ҽѧĿγ̣ҵͷγνص
ѧϰѣÿ궼в٣ֻǰŷоãҪȥѧϰʱǾνˣᣬƱǧԪûϵ
ôܻںһѧϰˣܳȥۻҲֵá
û˶ô
Ȼô˵ˣǾ֪ͨСܣٴתһתţĿðɣ˾͹
⣬ĲʿѧԿ쿪ʼˣǧҪⰡСޡγȽϵĵʡ
ϾҪ߿һصģƳûĻôҲûˡ
İɣʦġΪŵ˵
γֵţһǽ꿼ԵݣǸһġ
㿼ԵĿǿڳģǿԵĿʦֳġ˿ƿԵĿ˶ҽѧģҵĿǴƳġ
⡭ƶˡ
ʲô
ÿõĿܲһô
ܹԵĹƽûκεľסҲܵʱʱ任ĿҿɲϣһףԼ⣬Լס
ʲôǰйγ˵⣬Ȼֻһת˵
ˣʵ˶Ҵкˣ˵ԸǻתƳȥҲһӾȫˡ
΢һ£˺ðеؾͰǽˡʦһڵʱ򣬼ֱһ㡣
ƽŽ͵ʦʦҪٴҪʵңȻæġңҲ쵽ˣʦһܲܳΪؽƵĲΣҲͽ׵ˡ
ȻҪЩ׼ܹõٴεĻôЩѧиѧϰͻȨ
γİɣʦЩ꣬һЩĵ̵ġ⣬ƽǱ߲һʲôںˣСһֵĳ˵㶫ô
ټĶѹͣѧϣԿٴϵĻʦұϾûгٴϻǹֵġֻҪûرıʣӦò⡣
һȽ鷳ǲƵҪսؽڵĻǾͲôôˡ
ϣҽԺҪôźãȻĻʱؽڲؽڣǲǲģ߰ġ
ллʦƴƽγл⡣
Ҫʦ˵ЩȻĻͱòˣһи׳ӡ
⣬ҲҪٴνӴÿ⣬Ȼٻعٴȥʦһ֮֮ǰǸʦ֣ʵҸһ㡣
ȻֲˣһعѾǲǿвˣֻʵҲź˵
ڵһУˡγ̾
ʣʦʦֵ飬ʦֵı⣬ʲôᰡôоʱϺеɰ
ʦֳµʱ˶ҽѧǱߵԴڵũʦ֣Ҳڹ⣬ǲе̫ɺˣ
£Ҫ˵ˡγϾѹסƵĻ
ʱҪ˵ˡγŵÿʼеɳ
߲Ըᣬ⻹ʲô飬Ʋ֪ģһǹġ
ƾ͹Ҷ˵绰΢һȻֲŸܳɻ˹ȥ
˵ѧϰƲֵСܣппյĻϳһԷںҲҪĻͽһ
õģʦȻħ¶࣬ʵϣƼĴ޼ÿʵҲɫҴң֪Щʲô
ܳкܶ໰Ҫ˵Ͳ֪ǲҲ
ϾΪƽħԺܳɣΪֹ֪ƴӦʲôҪ󣬸ʲôĴۣġ
ãܳھãĿǰٴܣѾԲˣģֿԵļܣԣܳԼȥһǲʿѧԡ
ƵĿг⣬ٲһϵеӦ
ưȵضͿؽ£õġ
ȻЩֻܳԼ뷨ûüƹͨڣʿѧڼܳɾƣܸܲһ
ܳһȶСֱȥֱγԺʿҪһʿͰһоѶȣֱ̫СˣûҪ˶ʿķӲ壡
ܳ˶ںںҡҡͷĿ˸º󣬵ʦӦкܶ໰Ҫ˵ҾͲȥˣõʱ˵Ļû˵ǻҪһۡ
Ҿ͵ˣˣɸ磬ʱһȥҲˡ
١
ѧоǿкٵģֻҪԼĿ˳˵ʦĻɵ֧ڣ
ֻǶںû߶ѡ
ܳͷںҵʱֱӷżҪһ㣬ȷɳٻؼҪܶ࣬ȻĻɳлϼңҪã
ŶҲǣϼŶУʱš
߸֮󣬹ҲͻȥˣҪɳУһһȦһħں룬Ϊʢ顣
ҲУҵʱҲҪȥɳмѡܳɴӦϾʱҪȥϾȨƵġ



ڶһʮ ԼĿԣ
СħôƲûдܳȥرõĵطֻһҽԺȽϽĵطЫӡ
ã¥ʽСһ¥װ굹е￴ľζ
ϰϰ˵ĿҲžǵĿ
ζҲУϾڶ죬һȺЫӣйͷҲǼΪ顣
˲ٵļʶܳɷ׺͹ͷȻֽ˲֮˵
ϸһºֵܳվŵƽ̨һʱ򣬷Ŀ뷨ı˲٣ҲԼҪ˺ܶࡣ
ʵħԺжĽڣԺʿ
ͨۿ֮ǰCOAܳɲԭĺܴ
ħԣħԺ𡢻ɽɽȫ֪ĶҽԺ֮ǰɳаҽԺ֪Ҫ˶ٸΡ
ʱ򣬾Э͡ѧĸ
дд
ôѧҽԺлɽ۽ȷ˼
ǼôҽԺȫ緶ΧڣȻ˵ǶҽԺ
COAĽУвĽڣҪôĳĳѧɵʦҪôܹĵһͨѶߡ
׹ޡӢڵһ̶ϣ㶼òϣǵĵ̱ȻǰЩٴҽԺҪࡣ
⻹ֻǱϵʵ͵̡
ҩƷרеרʵоƷר
ǲǾãʵڵĺܶҽֶΣǳشԣ
Cۻ˴ŹǣСٴճõҩƷȵȡ
ƵĹҩƷǱĹѾרڵģ߾Ѿ̭˵ҩƷ
˵ҩ̫һ㣬ôģƽ׳һǳ⡣
ܳ̾һרȨڹ⣬ǼŻݣҲֻŻԼҵˣ˵Ǻθɣ
ҩƷĳ֣ҪΪĽףҲȻΪרȨӵйĹס
һʵ
Ȼ˵ҩƷҲԷƣҲڵ档
ǣǺϷĻ֧¹۵㡣
Ϊڹڣĳһ׬Ǯطֻ˾Ǯ׬Ǯط߸һ
˵˷Ҫģº͵Ļ벻գ벻أ
ǿ϶ġ
ûĹ͵ߣôгͱȻס
û˹͵ߣôǿ߾ͻǿ߾Ե
ͺñĳ졣
ԣҲˡ
ѡã㲻˵Ǵġ
Ƕͨ˶ԣҩƷļ۸̫˰ΪһͿܻҵҡҡͷп
⣬ǵʵҵڣеһУںλϣֻҪۣһԼרġĹңڽǵҩƷʱҲҪ㹻רȨ
һƽ֮󣬹Ҳܹӳ׵ؽжסĻ˶жף̸ף
ǮףǮѰ
ٴҽѧ𣬵Ѿʼ˼ͣǹңĿǰֻж̶̵ʮ꣬ĩβǱȻģǴĩβǾҪ¡
һЩ޵СңʵҸ̫ˡ
ǰҽԺһϼȥ֧ԮǸңҶҲһرʦһҽʦǴڹֱɻġ
ܳԣͷ
Ҳ̫
ֱضܳɵ񣺡һʵǹңڼʮǰ׹ȹҿǣڵǣǣ
ҲҪʵЩʵ飬õġãǵһͿԿǻĶõܶõġ
Ҳãһõġһûʱ䳤ƵսǱҪӦս
˵ʱƲֵҾãʦʵĻ뷨ʦ
ʵϣġҪ֪ʦڵʲô۵ĶҪʲô
ô˵ɣ˵ǹңһѧƣܹȵشͳκרȥвҩ֮⣬ô˾Եǹʿ˫ĸˡ
Σ϶ǹǧġ
ܳɶʱɫϽصʦûôһͦлϣҴƶԿѧоŵĿ־С
дһƪǰҶдǺܿ־ġһ֮ǰҶԴǿ־ģһǺܸߴϣܹġ
ǣؾȥЩʱַ֣Ҳûеôѡ
ʵ֮ǰܳȻдٴ£ٴĿ⣬û̫͸Уǵʱܳɣ;ãҪĻԵоҲδ̫˰ɣ
ǣӴѧϰ֮󣬺־ãGð
ҲûеôѰֻҪʵƵ˼·ãպûʵ鷽ԵоҲûôѡ
ֻվ濴ʱ򣬾ͻ֪ơ
ɽ֮󣬾ͻ֣ᷢŶԭġ
ЦЦҨһ򼹹΢ţȻ츳ѧϰǲģҲǸе͡
ڱԣֻилǣ̫ˡ
Ѿ˶ԣҪҺڣСͣ׬ǮռǵĴ󲿷ʱ䡣Уʵͣʵ˶ʿоͲʿо⼸꣬ûκǣҡ
Ҳ
˵ʱƵĻǽһת
СܣһҪؽһЩ飬Ҫúõȥһ°
ãרҽѧϣǶڼأǶڼԵģ
Ƹܳ׹һ⣬Ȼܳɴһӵ˼ʱ䡣
ܳУüͷţ
Ʋżʵʱʵ飬᲻ǮˣᡣʵõĲϣʵǸѵġ
гѧѧѧϰĹУѧϰ֪ʶǲøǮģǳѧΪҪѧѵġ
ٴУĹؽûǲø⽻ǮģҪõڵļ壬ҪǮġ
ǿףѧϰ֪ʶǲøǮģ׵ʱҪڿ־ѵġ
˵ʲô˼𣿡
ܳɾͲ̫ȷصǿ͹۵ģ
ѧϰ֪ʶǮѧǮ
ʵ̲ǮʵҪǮⲻиѵô
ܽ᲻̫ȫ棬Ӧ˵ҪרתΪ塣ܹͼһ
ѧϰͽĹУѧǴѧֻ壬ˡǳѧĹУʵѧУʵҶԿŵġ
һ㣬ҲǺҪģҪȥа
˫ģõʲôʱܻһЩʲô
ƽ̨еߣе£ܳһʱȫĥסǣܳɻǾãڿʱǿԿ÷ǳ侲롣
Ҳ֪ԼģǸѧġ
ֻǺܿϧΪֹܳɶûôϽӴû취ᵽѧϰϵһЩŵ㣬ȥʶһ۽ԼԵǰ⡣
ԷԷȳԷԺʱ䣬ģ˵⣬ҲܳɽӴĶ㣬ЩҪܳһʱ󣬾кܳȳԶ
ܳҲеˣͷʼˡ
˰ѹʳȫһɨû˷֮ܳɲſʣʦո˵Щʵҵ֪һûرףܲܺǽһ£
ܳûرȥͶںģҲ֪ġ
Ƶɫһ࣬ɢ΢Ĺâò𰸵⣬ͷǵҪʰ
Լĥ
õģܳɶʱʵˡ
ЩӦûжԶںЩ˽ģ˽
˽˽Щ÷
ߵ¼֮ġ

Ʊ֮ܳٴ̵ػһ¸ոƽĻòеͨ͸ˡ
ƵĴ˼ǣٴļͻƣǴڲ̫רģ㿪ѵ࣬Ȼѧȥ֮󣬾ͿԾ͵ؽнѧ
ûиר֪ʶʵǲγרȨġһܹͨضγרĻǾͻ߶רá
ͺñȣؽûĹؽڼ弰ؽûе
ؽھĹؽھϵͳ
Եоר˵£ܿʱڣû취ָ壬һ˵Ļôǳڵġ
˵ҩֻҪ㻹ǸĻôҪڣרıû֮ǰͱ븶ѡ
˹ĻôҲ˵ҲԲ˹ҩзˣ
֪ʶѵʱЩȻҪȥġ
ƻ⣬ǣܳڻûףôͲȥˡ
о϶ǷǳҪģȻĻÿҶܻôĴۣķôȥľ
ٴϵģԵ⣬˿ܻܿˡ

ٽļ죬ܳɾָֻһֱѧϰ״̬󲿷ֵʱ䶼дıˡ
ܳɴı飬ĵһĿ飬ȻУĿ⡣УҪѧ룬ˣܳɻҪдڶݣϼͶȥ
дɲţҪοףйоأңһԵؽչ̫룬Ļ˻ܻᳶͲˡ
ȣҲҪպá
Ļһе㣬һҩֱȥ֢ϣǴˣ᲻ⰡҲ֪㲻ɡ
һɵĿǮ
һ䣬ҵʵʧˣȻϸطʧܵԭô
ںȫȫдģȻǰо֮ǰıҪģƽڵȥõȻѧ
ԤƵʵ龭ѣһʮ
ΪֻܹǰȥЩѸ

д飬Ĳһ͵飬ܳɻһݱûд꣬Ҳʹȥдˡ
ܳǴʮ˵ļңΪ壬ǹ¶ʮ죡
ڹĵ찡ܺɡ͵ˣ
Ĵʮ죬ܾǸϻĶ񳵣ʹһڣʼȥˡ
󲮼ңң˾˼ңң
ǲӶܱˣͳȥǧѹǮҲȥһǧֺܻǺǵģƽĴᶼˡ
ֱʮӣŻص˼
ܳɵ򶼺ˣһôľͰŽţһԼŹͷһܳɣҪҪҸ㴷ȣ
ܳɵһæѵ˿裬ôϣ˵ɶ
һ죬ɵǺǵģ΢ֵеԲ˿ͺϲ죬ڵ͸ϲˡ
ԺҪǲʿѧߵľоʼ
ܳԣæ⻰ɲ⽲Цģ˸û˶ʿ
ҵĵһѧֲãĪҾħİ¡
ܳɵƤһһģȻ˵轲ʵôŪβá
˵ǵýⶼǱģ㲻㽲ҴҶʿû
ϴλ֮󣬽ʱ򣬱ԱǸ݋ݣùãȥˣߵĵڶ죬ͽиŮС꣬ڶרúùԡ
ܳ˶ˡ
ʲô
ԱǸùòܳɵ׹ùãֻͬգֱͬסþ˾ôġ
ŮڲŶרҲͶʮң
裬ϴζŽ˵ֻɣĳӲͣĪҵｲЩ¡
У漸Ҫдȥˡ˺͵ˣ棩ȥܳˡ
֮ǰʱżˣܳ£򱻺һ£Ҫֱ׽ȥˣǿɾ鷳ˡ
ûʲô顣
ʲôҪֺûһ£Ǻϵġ
Ҳ㽲
ԵĪӣԿҪҪǰϲԵġ
пʼ̸̣׵˾ҲҪ棬ҲҪء
⣬ҲϲԣҪҪͷɱ˿ųԡһ
£һ⣬Ϊ˳ΣɱһͷⶼԳˡ
ҪҪҪĪӶҪ˻ϼȥͨûûͨҾȥ岮ˡܳæҡͷǲ𻹶㲻𰡡
㲻ߚGǰ꣬ĪߺЩͽ
˵߲ãŪǶ˾ǵһһꡣ
Ȼ̣˵ҵȹܵȥһʵȣλҪ飬㵽ʱ㽲ȥ˿ˡ
һﶼڿʱܺڷܳΡ

һܳΨһӡͼ˺ܶ࣬Цúܶ࣬ЦЦļ鼡ⶼЩʹͷˣһͷŵĽʬ
˿ɶˣ˵ңĸɩɩټϴӣýӡʮһˡ
ңˡ
۾˾ˣһĿˡ
ľ˾ˣһ٣˿ˡ
˾˼ңӣ˻飬һʮˡ
壬˵иûһ̣̼ǾͶˣӣ˴û֮⣬ĸ㣬ÿ˶
̼ңʮĿˡ
61ˣ
üһﰡǿĻ¯ܺļھӲŽ룬һ¯Χʮˡ
ҪΧ¯ӡ
Ȼ˲ˣǷ֣ˣ˽˵ˣǰĲ롣
Ȼܳ͵ʱͲˡ
ȾƵıø磬õܣϷŹ
ʮΧһȦܳɲ㵱¡
ǿЦʮˣһ˺һڣҲʮڣǿɲˣġ
ԣһ죬ܳɾֻӡˡ

ܳھӡݼҵ룬ǵõС
˰ϷϢܳɻûüء
ֱܳӰԼıֵֺܵĳ淢˹ȥ
ˡܳɾ͵
ͬʱڰļһҲںܳʱ򣬷ע⵽ˣͷһ΢еˡ
ʣЩ˭
ʦݣǱֵֺܰɡء
ǻһ򲻹˷ۡ
üһΪԼֵܾѾˣǺܳЩֵֵܱܣԼĽǱɶ
һжģҪһľ棬ĴĻҲûʤʡ
ǿǵܳʡģ治һ
ˣֻ˹
ˣʦ֣ʲôʱɳаʲôʱȥħԸַµʡ
ӦǳɳаɡʱԷܳ룬ء
߾ĵһܣҪˣɳгˣһ죬͵÷ɾôҲҪȥɳˡ
ǳȥħǰɣҲǴȥħʱǳܳǳĻôͻһЩϣܹܳħͻȻ
Ͳ֪ʱʲô顣
ţҵʱҪȥһˡ
ȥ
һרѧϰᡣ


ĵϣܳɾͺܺٴεˡ
ܳһᣬʲôûΪ˵ҪȥԾûִǮ
ܳҲûƣΪȥҪǮȻҲҪϾڲ׬Ǯʱ򰡡
ǰڰҽԺʱЩ룬ħԺ㶭ںƪ¼ֵܷ֮ǮҲˡ
꣬Ҫʼˡ
ܳɵħǰƴк˵û̫ʱ䣬ԾͲȥݷˣǣܳɻ˶Ժ߮һ棬ȻֵԶֵл
Ͼ߮øֿ϶˹ؼԵõġ
Ȼܳɻ׽һ̣׽ڸˣܳɰ̸˵ˡ˵´ڹ֮ǰٴĻͲҪˡ
ֱӰܳɸȥˣܳɿȥʱֱúɫдһܳɣֱϣܳɲŵ
һܳɾûʣºͰʱˣ˵ǸֱȨͶϾСֻٴʱʹһ
ңǰԤϵģǺȾƵĵطпסַ᷿ǳص˽˲͹ݡ
Ҳ֪ûвӪܳʱ򰡣ܳɾͷ֣ȨͶϾ÷ǳ磬ڴ¹롣
һͲǸѵĳҲƽ硣
߰ɣܳɸ磬ȥܳɸճǾͶܳк
TMķɻϾŵȥܳʡ
˵ˣ˵ȥ͡ȨָϽ˿ڡ
ƣ£ҿܶϾҲȨҲˡ

һҳԸɰĹӣζ㲻ΪҵСӡ
ܳɸ磬Ȼ׼ȥģԹͺȨʡ
ȥ²ʦ֮ǰֻϢͲ֪üڵʱѾ޽ӽʮ㡣
ķɻһҪϵǻƲźáȥǱߣܻ΢еԶ
Ͼæʦ飬ӦǼġ
Ҿȥ˰ɣæԼȥܳɾΪеźǲ̶ΪΣڷڵʱӦ˵㣬Ҳ顣
ֻǣԴȷҪȥħ̶֮ĽӴͽͱˣǰڿʱȫһ
ò˵ȦǺ飬Ȧڵʱýܶ࣬ǳȦӣô۾ͱżȻԵӣǱȻ
Ҳаɡ˵Ļ˵ˣȨҲ֪ٺܳɿȥˣҲһȥӰ߹֣Ҳ䡣
ȨͿܳ͵˻֮ܳĿ˿뿪ΪһȻʧĸо
Ϊ쵽ദУܳԵظоˣȨҲãǶϾҲãһ֡С˵ӭϸС
ָо֮ǰദĹУûеġ
ܳɾеӦǰǹϵôõˣôھͻȻãڲ֪䣬һֶԼֺ˼أ
ѵΪԼȥô
ǣ飬ܳҲøıʲôҵ֮󣬻ȥϾĵطȨϾһ
ⶼ⣡
ûʧ֮䣬̤ܳ˷ķɻǻ֮ǰֻܳǸܺ˸绰ƽΪֻǣʱأʱ޿̵زعܳɡ
Ƕܳɵĸ飬Ϊܳǲǲʿǲǳɼþı䡣
ȻееСŪǶİȴʵʵڵģûиıġ
ʱͻ뿪һЩԡˣûһ棬һǴΪġ
ɣܳΪ˲߲ǰɡ
ףǰãףҸܳĬĬضȨͶϾϵףԸ

ֻǰܳû뵽鷢ˡ
ܳصʱܳɾͷ֣Ȩƣ͸绰ˣ˵صĻ֮⣡ܳͨ2Bȥ
2BҿЦܳΪȨںЦ
ܳɸ磬£ܺ㿪Ц2Bڳܿҵĳˣҵĳƺǡ
ܳɾȥ2BڣȻͿȨĳƺţȻ˳ţȻȨʻλ
ôˣ֮ǰͷˣܳɻе
ţҹ̸ҵܳɸ磬ʵʱ䣬˸С˾гܲھڵԳԡȨһЦ´Ϊס

ܳϵðȫʣȨʲô˼
ѵԼģϳֵǸС飬Ȩ
ġȨһ߿ųһ߾Ͱȥ˵ˣǸ飬Ҳˡ
԰ڹ˾ҪҵҲ̽һܸܲʲôȻҿƤֹ˾ɶġ
ͣ³֮ܳ鼫Ϊƽص
ﲻͣ
ˣȾһ
Ŷã
ȻȨͰܳɴܳǰԤסƵ꣬˳֣Ҳһ䣬ѳͣ˵ͣ
ʱ΢侲ܳɣŷڣȨӣ˵гģô°
֮ǰ˾˾ԾһгĵС
ܳɸ磬ʵҲģȥCOAʱǹ˾ҲˣһרŴĵ绰㲻˵æûüȨͣеεؿܳһۡ
ʵȨû˵ĻǣʵѾħԺһСֶˣħԺĹǿ˰£ܳһϲġ
ǣǾûȵܳɡ
û취ڵȨҪչгΪ͵ǰҵĻǹ˾Ӫ
ɳУƵе˾Ѿվ˽ŸľǿǱеЩˣǺܺǣŲòתһ·򣬿ܲħ;ڷһ̽
ʵڲеĻֻܻɳмӴȵغЩ˴̨ˡ
еģҲܴģ
ȨΪ֮ˣǣG
˼ɣЩƵĹ˾ھռͲˣ볡еҵ治ôġ
û£ֻܶ࿪гˣȻҪȥҽĲɹ̸
̫ˡ
Ϊ㹫˾ķչģרΪҰɣܳʡ
ֲǹΪôԶ𣿡Ȩ˷ۣȻ˻⣺Ǹܳɸ磬ҾȲ˰һЩļҪҪ׼
һԷ
Ҳ΢׼һ£㲻˵Ҫȥμһѧϰ֮ע֮ڵģʱпˣһһ䡣Ȩ˵꣬ͻ˻ӷԼסķȥˡ
ŶãǵȻһԷܳɼȨҪµģûöˡ
ֻܳȫû뵽ǣС飬Ȼ߮磬Ȩ
ôĻȨȤͿԸӺѹȥȨ̸˰
ƣȰСпڹ۸λڹ̶Ĳе͸ְͼȻȨȥһ£Ըְǿȣʵ顣
úõĻ˵ģˣ
ôСппλڹ̶ͿԴؽˣԼȥˡ


ڶһʮ ޵У⡣
ϳԷʱܳɿóȨѾЩƣˣȻȫ̻ǿջЦƤڴܡ
Ȩӣ¶಻ôое˰ܳɿЦʡ
ڻϵ飬ȨͶϾƾͿûɶ¡
ë߰ô飬Ҳʱ䳤
ȨŲ˵ģһʱأܵĵطе࣬ҿҲ٣öʱڰҹеۡ
ѹ֮ǰЩøҲ˵ۣҲΪǾûε¶
ܳûе̾ĹʲôӣǰڰҽԺʱЩе̸ǺڽӴǣȨ￴Ҳ
۵ĻҪעϢϯĻֻǸЦܳɰ뿪Цص
ţİɡ
˵꣬Ȩ̧ͷ˿ܳɣ˵ҿӣȥħ֮ӹú󰡣
˵ɣ
ܳɵȷЩûƹ˼ȥһֱʵңܲˣٴֵ࣬ҹġ
ȨĽҲ֪Ľġ
Ҹһ㣬ÿԽܣҪʵһõȥĥĥȥȨԼԻԱա
Ҳɣ͸оˡܳε¶ʵ
ֻƲýԶںǶ㶼˵ǣȨõģܳȥħ֮ǰѾʼ˵ģúܺá
ֵࡢŵûģһȥħһˡ
⣡
Ȩ͵ɸ磬Ҫ뵽ȥħԺһϴѧҽԺۺҽԺص֮һǣκˣԺȻת
רҽƼ˭
ܻڳɸһϯ֮صġ
ȨܳɽܲǰǱȰο˼䡣
ǰܳҲ˵ͷȻת˻˵˵ˣʵû㲻
Զ
ŶˣȨӣʲôѴĻҲǵø˵һ°˵Ҿ뵽æİ취ء
ǿ϶ģԺҪȤҾԿ԰ѹ˾ʦְλ㡣
㿴ϡ
˵ˣȳԶ궫ȥעĵطǻؾƵꣿȨȻѵʡ
һСͰܹ࣬żˣӦûע˵ϾŵӣһᣬȨӣͲˣҾסԱߣ߼·Ҳ͵ˡ
䣬ӵ·Ҷû·ˡȨ˵
ⲻһ׵ë¡

ϰ˵룬ܳ򼯺ϵص·ϣñĶ죬ΪůʵãߵĻ䡣
ѩģܳǰ׼ѩѥȻĻӺЬ׶пʪ͸
Ҳе㺮䣬һ߽ҽԺĽѧ¥ȻͿʼϢĽźš
ȻǴĿѧʱȴԪ֮ˣҴ˿ѧУ涼ûϰ࣬Եþĵġ
ܳǰ˵ʮϵļϽңѾˡ
ĸһȫǺӡ
Уһѣһˣǹ˽䣬ƺûȥѵ˼
ܳƿŵʱڷģ˵˶վĿܳɣƺ׼ܳɵǲʦӡ
ܳڴĸ˵ʱĸˣҲͬʱ´ܳɡ
˼ܳɲһЦ˵ʼλ綼μѵҴ˵ط
ܳ˵ʱԾͿ˵ļˣһ
ǸŵҲȥ໥΢˿ҽܵ
ǼϵصˣͬѧҲμѵİɡҽƣˡܳܣƺơվڵһ߸ֵ׳˵
һڿ۾ĸߣһ׾ˣܳɻҪһЩҲ֣֫һѹȸС
˵ȴװú˹ġ
ܳЦˣҺƸǱңҽܳɣǴʡġɳĳɡ
ҽٰˡ׵ڣݵԱߣһ΢Сһ㣬Ӧֻһ߶ҵкЩػŻ
ķͷǳŰ볤عƾͿһС֡
ƤܰףƤĸо
΢ô֮硣
ңСӵ磬еС˶вһھǻ󷽷ص
߱΢һǱܸߣҲܴǻԲʱ򣬾Եе㻢ﻢġ
ұߵĲ룬Сᡣ
һĶ̴룬֪ǿĻ˹Ρ
ԺҶͬѧˡʦʦ֣漸죬пʱ䣬һԶ۾ۡƱȽػص
⻰ܳΪе㲻ζʦ֣ӦCλܳǸɶģ
ȻֻܳɲʣֻܹʦܵݣȡеʦλԼֵܣе㶫
ǣô˵Ǹż˿˺ԶλǶˣʡ߮ûô˵İ
ڣ˶̧ͷ˹ȥ֪λش
ȻҲħѧǶƺҲǵһô棬ûʲô飬Ҳû˵ܳɵ⡣
߮˵Ҫڼ׬ǮˣͲŰѻøҡ
λͬѧʶ߮磿ܳЦ˵ʵ
ԷȻʶ߮磬˵֪ʼĩûҪҴţľô档
Ҳֻѧϰġ
ҡҡͷʶֻ˵ʶ
ҽᣬ࣬ĺᡣҲ֪ܳʲôǼȻѾˣͻǰԼֱ˳
е°Ҳ֪һ°Ǿÿˡ
ܳɾǰߵĿСЩҲ˵ԼˣǲģǺģμεСѵˣҲȥ
ߣҲôˡ
Ǽˣܳɵ˻ٴһҽܡûرͷ˼
Ž꣬ûü˵ʲôһʮ˴Ҵҵ߽ŵؿһۺ󣬾͵ˣ˰
ǩɡŰ״ӣģʱֻһŴӡ˵A4ֽȻʱǰȡһɫǩֱʡ
ɫ͵ĺɫǩֱʶûС
ܳɵԣ΢е㵣عԹԵԱ˱ʣǩԼ֡
ΪԶԾվ󷽣ǩ֮
ǰ״Ӳŵ˵鰡εѵ࣬СԵĶҲСûгʮġ
Ҳ֪ǵ꼶ܲһѧݣѧϰʱ䳤Ҳһ
ǣһҪ˵һûлģǰ˵Զ˳õʱѧѶûˣѧ̫ԵĶҪμӵѵ಻εѵݡ
ڶûйģ˵̨Ρʱ֮󣬼ӱǵ
εѵ֪˾ͽᡣ
ǱѵĿγ̣ʮ彲ÿһСֵĲÿǶ˵ıּѧϰд֡
ϣѵܹ֮õһһĴ𰸡
ˣ㣬ңǿʼһڿΣһݡļᣬ͵ˡ˵꣬ͷˣҲ֪ǲǲͷ
ǣȻˣɽķΧüΪ
˵˭ô˵ôֱӵģ
棬һ죬һνӴֱӾ˵ģʲô·
ᣬҲ֮ǰڽǳ°ǸˣĲ˼ģģӳڱϵı仯νǼؾʡ
˵ǸɽҽԺģǾеʱķǱҸߵġ
ţ
ĻܳɡԼ˶˼
ƺжǣɼδؾǻãʱ򲢲һʵľԱֻ֣һԿ͹۵ָѡ
ôģ֪ĻΪĸͬѧƽʱǸƵģһɡ
ȻܳɼҲûͣǸϽ뿪˽ңֻһŬǸ״ӵĻ
Ҳ֪ʮӻǶʮӣŻһ
ûеȵκ˸ͣոյǴģҲûеȵκ˵ĹȻҲû侮ʯͱʾˣһʵûбҪ
ֻǣ
ƾɶ˵һƾʹЩ
ʹϼʦֲû
Nɪƨ

ɡе˿̵ҲֻܰԱ

صסĵطܳȻûףǸ״ӣ˵ôһ仰ʲô˼
ٴģ˼飬ҲûεѵʲôܳҲͲȥˡ
ȻܳҲûλ״ӵĻ棬˵һ·
Ļʵõأ
ģεҲǵ壬ж
ţܳɾͰĿػع鵽ԼĹ滮ϡ
Ȼ˵ܳɻõȼܲ٣ǣȼļԽԽ࣬ܳɾͷ֣ǿƵһЩʵֻǹǿƱ⣬ϵͳ⡣
ֻϧԼڻûѧƼܵѵ
Ϊﵽȼܹ֮ģķֻ¶߿ʵˡ
ģ⣬ܺķʱʹδܹͻơ
ҪµĸҪ۸лֵٴ֮ϣû취ռлֵԣΪԼøƽһЩܳɿҪİ취
ңҪһЩ·ӣѧƵļ˽գǱȻġ
ܳɳԹùǿƵĸȥģƵļܣõĽǣ븱ƥ䣬ݣή͵ȼһѧϰ÷ǳ
ԻҪƥſԣҪбȽϺõƥ丱ôøлֵǱҪ顣
úúһ취

ϣ㣬ܳɼ˶׼ʱظϵ˶ҽѧҵſڡ
ֻǣû뵽ǣǵˣʦһ˶ûֵֻıмԺסԺĲ˼
룬һֱ쵽ߵʱܳɼ˿Ǹ״ӣ٣Ϊܳɼ˴ʾҵţȻ˽ȥ
мװ״ӣԼѡһԼʵͺšȻ鷿ʱ򣬶õ
⣬Ŀʱߵʮ壬ǵĵһʦҡ
ҲҪң͵˿ﶼмͷ֮ڵ֪ƭ֮һһҶ
ҺοǶںѧϰļƣһܺõѧϰ̬ȡ
֪ԼĿңԼĵʦ£Ϊ˲ţϣǼסڵǳǸһӶѧߣԣһж·ϡ
ŶˣҵֽڿοԽʦҲԽ硣
һ˵ţһ߿ʼʾpptȻҳϣͷų
ʿѧͲʿѧλʿվĹʵľͲ˵ˣڻ
ҪǺ档
35꣬ĿǰǸְƣʿʦ
ջҽ࡭
ܳɿ΢е㷢¡
35꣬ڵҲ˰ɣûеܹ꣬ͣ쵽ĵزô
ȻڵĲʿʦֻܹѧͲʿҲǴţˣһҽѧɮôʿҵʮˣ
ҲֻǰЩóһ£ͰҳصˣȻ˽εıҳ档
Сֻеı飬ҲΪ⣬Щˣúõѹһ£Ǽ䲻֪жߣж
뵱꣬ҲЩô緢ŵģһͷײǰصʱͲŷ֣ԭ໹󣬲û֣һӾͳ˭˭˭һ˵ŬֱӸɵ˱˼ӵŬ漣

Ͽ֮ܳɱͿһˣΪȻ˵оúܺãǴεʱ򣬾Ϳóٴϵʵûоôġ
ҪһȼĻӦֻеĲ裬ϸգ
ǣûнһһ⣬Щͨͻûͨļ
ȻֻܳƾĽΣ²ʵѣյôҪı¡
Ŀγ̣żγ̡
ؽھؽھ죫
balabalabalaܳɼĽΡ
ô˵ˣĽΣȷֵһǷ˺ܶ˼ģѼؽھƷʽر͸л׹еһЩԼδĿܷչ
Щݣʵʺѧͨѵࡣ
ѵ࣬Ҫѵݣʵľ飡
ò׵ȵbaba֮󰡣ܳɼֱȥ˿һȦΪ˶ҽѧҽİҲ˶ҽѧĲѵࡣ
൱ÿ춼ר༶Ĳˡ
ڲ鷿ʱȻΪʦᡢԼĸˣ˲˵Ĵ֮󣬾ֵҰƵġ
ʲôû˵Ѿʼţ˸ˡ
ʦʲʷ
顣
Ƭɣ
ҾͿ˴Űɡ
μѵѧԵƹ淶ƹ̣ǾԲģˣʲôû˵̶ӹȥ˵Ͷˡ
ʦĿǰӦǣײۺؽΧסIIͼ塣ĺƬᡢˣó˽ۡ
ƬֻܵóЩˡ
ʦһʦǰйĤײʷⲡʷ⻹ǺۣҪ֢״ϱǰ١չޡʲʷϵ
ȻͲ˵ҿº˴ţĿǰиϼĲȫײˣ֢ˮףؽڼ۵11λãһĤţĿǰеǡ
죬˼ؿ˼СֻһۺЦܹؽڵĻĤųΪ׵ģǽҪеĵһ̨
һһһ̨ʾһ̨ѧԱȻɴʦٳָ
һʵ˵ǴͬСģֻһЩϸϣвͬ
Ȼʹȥˡ
һ̨ĽѧȻơ֣һ̨ǳйоصˡ
ǣܳҲеĲ֮ȱݣûڡ
Ҳû˵
Ļ̺ʹԭشҶˣ֮ǰҲáţʽ֮ǰѧϰУѾǽӴ˵ġ
ԣ̨ϣܹ
Ȼڶ̨ĻͱȻܳΪ֣ɻΪֽ棬˵ĻԹƽģ
еǰ֮վλû˿ӳ
ܳɺ˵ϣҲûʲô֮
϶ɴؾȷ˼ؽڵ·Ȼü⵶ƤȻֱӴ˼ؽڵļؽڣؽھױ뵽ؽں
ʼ˾
ľҲǷǳ˿ģܳɵĵĿҲʼý
ϣɴ࣬ȫ棡
Ĵ©Ӱŵ£ᣬڹչʾԼʵ
Ϊƾȥĵط֮ǰδȥģ
ᣬ
ȻӼؽڹؽڣתƵ¼϶ʱ̣ҲǷǳģΪ˿
Ҫǣں棬ʼĥ¼϶гĤŵĹС
ܳɾͿˣʵĹ
ڼؽھĲ棬Ѿǲؼģ⵽֮ǰˣ
ʲô
֮ܳǰļؽھǾͨͨļܣģƾǿЩͨܵĵ̣
ʲôͣʲôܵľͨȫһģ
Ͼͨõϸ꣬Ҳûʲôɡ
IIIľͨ
ᣬҲ£
ȷеģ
ΪĹУǳȻмһЩ⣺׼ʲô
Ե⣬Ҳһһؽ˴𸴣һ˵оݣƺ֪ô˵ĲǴġ
٣ܹԲ˵ﵽĿģֻΪħ뾩ߵĲһ
;ͬ顣
ңһ̨󵱳֣ģҪһЩ
Ƭһ˶ĬˣȻĿ֮ǻ
һУˣڱϣҪƯʦʸȥĻ׺ò
һǰ˵úܲˣƸܸߵˣӣĺ
ǺڰҲʲô֮죬ֱӻ˸Ȼ
Ƶʦ֣ԼƿܿԴУǻִ˺ѧпʼ㳡
ĹУĿۿƵƵͷ
пԸˣĹȣй֮޲
ٶ׼ȷĹؽھ죬ؽ¼϶IIIͼĳˮ˿һ̨ķѵʱ䣬Ҫǰӽ
Ĺ۸ЧȻҲǼõġ
ôһ
ˣ
΢һɣУҲҲû˵Ī⵽ȥôأ
ǣMDûʲô¨ӣȻĻҪǱ֮ǰỹҪòĻǾδе̫Щ
Ҳܾգ
ȿĲ֮󣬲ŷĲ©ԼЩ©Լ֮ǰĻ᲻Ч
δذ
ȻоͿ
ʦлİ
δҲе̫˰ɣ
̨ʹ˽
ӡ̨ؽھµͼƬһһŶԱȵĹС
Ļ˵ĲĿһ㡣ǸˣҲ˵аɡ
ǣͿûôƯͺñһˣζһζģ಻̫ÿĻҲ漰ڸ⣡
ܲλͬѧĻǳ֮󣬴ԲѵؾͿڿ佱
⻰Ϊе㲻Ҫˡ
һ˸ô˼˵⻰أ
ȣ
ѧУٴ
йоذɣ
˶ӡ

Ȼִܳɵ˻صʾңʼ˵ڶڵݡ
ڶڣȻǼؽھǣȴ˼˵ݡ
䣬˵Ǽؽھһݣó˵һ飬ѣȻ˵ֻܹĿ鼡⣬Ǵϲ֢ȶϵĻһǳӴݣ
ţ֮ǰһģʽ
ȥ鷿Ȼһɶûʼ˵֮ǰ˾ͿʼװΣܳҲΪ΢ʾԼĴڸУһ˵һϹ̣
ϣĲѡ
ٴҽѧżϣеٴҽѧѧѧģ
ѵϡ
ȷָԣ֢Ըǿң˽
һΣȻһס
ʼȻжˣ֣ΪֵݣеһЩӻ
˵ķҪ˫Ŷзϡ
ڣͱȽϸˣѶȱȽϸˣIIIＫΪӵһˣڷϵĹУߣǼΪ鷳һ̡
ߣߣܹöе˶Щ֪ԡ
ǣȴܹ׵ذˣңܳɻע⵽ˣĿǰڼļؽڼ¼϶
֮ǰСĵȼ࣡
ȼĵȼ൱ģ
൱˰
Ҫ֪һˣﵽһļΣҪذԼļνͣһҪ˿ۼܹպƵĿģǼѵġ
βװҲǮ
һֻһǮ
ԡ
ǣȼļܣҪҵļѹ͵ŵĲΣɲ׵鰡
Ӧ˵ڼԷˣΪһˣô
ŰòУ˭Լʵ
һߵĴʦ˵Gô㿴ܺã
ǳã
ԣ
û뷨Ȼͺ
ǣ
Ծ
֮ǰ̨ؽھ£ԼֳıºʵʵΪεĽѧһʣ൱Ϊôﵽĵߣ
=ߣ
ϣרõ׼ѷߵĲж˸ˡ
Ȼ͵ʱˣ
˿ҵļʱ塣
֮ǰ࣡
ϰɣϼؽ֧߾ͺˡһ˵ţְѼؽھеȡ˳
Ļٴ˵Ķһ
ڿԼʵڿʱ䣡

յ˵ǡ
Ȼ΢еԱˡ
ԭ˵Ǹ
Ϊʦ˵˵ġ
ȻеҲеĶ
˵ģԼǿ˶٣˵ԼҲǵڶ˵ģ
ԼʦܱԼ΢Ҫǿ㣬
ܳɣ

Щ˵жǿأ
ڣֻ¶ʵֻϵʦܣûĽӴԣ˵ʵһ֪
һ̨˵йķӦʱ䣬̿ʼԸ
ᡢܳɣһС顣
ơУһС顣
ÿһһȻ֮ǰԤ˵顣
ãеš
ϾոյõʦʵɲʱҪһΪĶϵʱǺ׶˵ģеš
ҲǳţĿ⸴ӣǳϣܹ趨ĻߣֲϣΪˣ˵Լˣǿ̫ࣿ
˵˼죡
ȴǰЧǻǵãЩţ֮ǰСءرڸո֮ǰСһ
ؾȻʦλãӹ뷨Ҳܺãˣг徢ķ緶ֻǣô׵رǸĻ
ôǰ׻ˣ
ҡɱЩˣҲԩˣ


ڶһʮ 磬氡
ҽԺ˶ҽѧһǳĿңת൱Ѹ٣һ̨һ̨˵ת֮䣬һԤҡ
ڳ֮жҿԹȫĲ˸ãؼӿתٶȡ
һ˲ŸճȥͶ׼˵ҪҪǰȷһ»ߵϺʽ
⣬ÿ̨֮ǰ⣬ǰ漸ΣҶѾǳغ˶Թˡ
Ͽ϶ûġ
ڵѧѧϰۣԲ鷿Ȼ
൱ÿξֻˣÿһ˵вʷԼˣͲֲܳأǼǴ
ȻҲٴݣѻߵǰļһ飡
ûˣʦҪʼǰ׼ˡ˵֮ǰȫһ
֮ǰЩĹ˼ɣʵϣƵĲˣѾĲվ˴Ժ̨ԣûôˡ
Ҳ̨ﲻĲΣȻԱ֤Լͺˣֲ㶪ˣ
˳׼ͽŵܳɣᣬǰæ
ֺñӣڵסĳ̺룬ȴڲסİƤ۾һϸĻͻ֣ᷢĽëòƻеò̫ӵӡ
ǣʵرġ
áܳҲ͵˵ͷȻ˿ߵᡣ
ͷ֣һӱ÷ǳϬƺһҪʤĸо
Ҳ֪ǲΪϵĳλ棬Ĺ°ֱӱ˺һúͰ˲٣ȻҲ٣ٲȺ̫Զ
ֻǴһݲ֪ԽУһֲĸо
أĿĸӣͶеĿ⣬ʮָӣƺҲʶˣеһ̨øãҲʶˣбĴĴҲһЩС覴ãû׵ġ
ǣҪá
۵ĻпĻġ
кƣǲ̫˽ģҲǵһμ棬ħ֮ǰûйӦԣԵʱͿˡ
ȻҪΪЩʵҲ֪ۺΡ
Ȼ̫һֲ֪İʾ
ԣδǼ١
̽޾ɴֺ޾Ĥ
һٲܹؿʼؽھĲ
ؽھĲϥؽھڿʼǰҪӯؽǻǣؽڵĳ·ʹﵽʮҡ
ѡӺ·λýӯؽǻ
·Ϊ۲·ǼؽھȽ·λڼԵԼ1.5 cm11.5 cmؽں󷽡㡱
ˣڲǰȱҪҵ壬Ҽһ˶ҽѧҽ򵥵Ļֻܳ΢һ£źԵڸ1.5cmѡ˽롣
ַڼϷʳָָѹͻĴָѹ㣬һתŹǣĴָɴ֪Źؽߵλá
ӯؽǻԼ60ml󣬼⵶ƿƤֱǯԷƤ֯ż϶Źؽ֮ļ϶
ؽھʱ϶һż϶һǼ¼϶
Ϊ̣Ҫż϶ȿʼ
ؽھĺ·֮󣬹ؽھ״оż϶ؽھױ²뾵ͷ
ȾҪҵŶͷλãλȹ۲ؽϲͷͼؽ۵Ĺؽǲ֡
ɰѾͷ뵽ż϶ǵһ½ǶȣŻǰƽĲʮϤҪĲ۲Źͷͼؽ۵ǲ֡
Ȼ粿ֹ۲졣
ǰƽ۲ͷϡ±桢ͷ츽ŵ۴޲˺ˡ
ʱĲȻǷǳ˿ûаͣٵ˼
ǻԣ

ͷֻһ룬ʱĿɼıŶͷĳͷ졮˯
֮Գ֮Ϊ˯
ΪŶͷͷֹ뼡·Ѿȫûӡ
ֹ뼡·Ƿּһ
ġ
һĻܳɵʱͶĲסˣ
֮ܳ⣬ʱ±ˣһֵᣬеƮ˼롣
סߡк˵ɫ̴䣬Ƶɴ۾סͣԱߵ̰˫Ŀƶϣ·ѯΪʲô
ȻоͿ
ҲסˣĴǵĴǲһģ·һľ׮һֻ۾ûиǵκλӦƺ֪ЩڿƵġ
ʺǿ
ʦ˵ǰϣܳɣ˶סʱ˿̵һʱסˣ

ڣ
еǰϲϣеʽҲᷢ仯ô㣿
ǼײۺŶͷĳͷ춼ĥûˣ
Ǽ첢ûз̫ķ룬ں˴Ϊ֯ĸţԿѶˣ
ⲻһ̨򵥵ļ˵
ǸͲͨѧܹɵ˵ģ˵ΪڲѵĽѧ֮һˡ
Ը
ǣⷬȴеͷƤ˼
ǣ
ʦǲûڵ
ˣڵϣˣ
ǰ̸ʽҲˣӦɣ
Ҽ
תȥ
һˣͳIVˣɲҼ
ڨЦʦ˵ʵԤĲ࣬ҾڵѶȣѾЩҵĲʵΧҿ̫ܲʺϼˡ
ʦҪ
ŶͷѣһҪĲ
ؽھ½л̶һҪ߲ɵļֲˣԼרҵչࡣ
ΪֲǰͷˣΪ˱඼ǻῪԽзϵġ߾ڵؼбԷϷˡ
ټϣǡ
Ϊģں˴϶ûа취ŶͷͷĶѵĲˡ
ǰ̸ǰϣе϶һ£ʱ򻹸Ҽô
ǲҵģΪô˵ҲǾҽԺڵʦŶӣˣߡ
ֻ⣬Ȼѧݹǰȥ㳬ԼΧ֮飬ǲҵġ
ЦЦȻǳؿ˿ˣʵǴңûǰͿߵ̸ǩֵ֪ͬģ
ûرغ˶ԹߵƽƬ˴ľϢ
ⲻǵĹݣΪֻѧϰģǹܴҽһڿκֻôʱ䣬Բȥ̸ǩֵḶ́ȻҲȥòˡ
Ѿϰ벡ܲˣƬµĻ
˭ܹõڸӣ
кٴԶԶؿһۻߵǰ˴ƽɨ
Ȼǣ
˴ϿŶͷͷʮֹ⻬ûκεȱʧĲˣҪͨȷܣ
˶ҽѧϵϽ׼Ǻ˴Źƽɨǹؽھ죡
ٿؽھʾĻľŶͷֹԶĶѡ
TM
˭õ·
ңϣһڵߵҲǲϵģһ˵ĺ˴űˣȻ˵ĺ˴ţŪȥһȥ
Ҳ˵ͨһ鲡Ӧֻеļ˲Ŷԣ
˵ĺ˴ţ
ԣԼҪ̫ͿСֻʵ
С㣬֪һţסˣȻƺܳɣ΢ڴһ¡
һģܳ˳飬ȻҪڵˡ
ܳɾʣʦǾǿ𣿡
ƳҪŪ˵Ѿ˵ԼģٵȨѾ˳һ˳λøôܳҪֹͱҪȷѾܹ
һܹ֮ΪȨ
һأ
ĵĻԡ
˶ܳɣǼЩڴҲЩµӡΪЩɵ˼ǻ֮أִ˿˿Ŀ־塣
ᣬʶ߮ģڵ֪ܳʡ˺߮Ϊûԭ
ܳɵ˭أôʡ߮ûܳأ֮ǰһֱδͺܲӦã
ܳɽӹλҲûൢ飬ΪԱߵᡢˣǶеˣĹ
ˣǰչʾԼؽھһ㶼ԵͻأֻӦ˵ܳʲôĻǲ˹ֵˡ
£ܳɾͺ÷ˡ
ܳɽӹλ󣬿ضλ˰
ֻ۾Ӧû˵˼ԣȥ°ʲô죿
ܳŹؽھ·ʹǰֺʹ
£ʹǰڼ۾ĵ֮λáǰؽҰвͬŵ3ʹ⼸ʹŻֻĻĤš
ֿܳŹؽھڣתؽھͷϷԼʹ۴ʹ۴ҲǿԵġ
ǣǵ˴˿̣ܳɲûмſһףǽ֫ؽھڹؽںǰƶΪWarrenͨʾڹ㷺ʹɳڡ
ǲδܹ֪ԼʲôܳΪҲҪעһӦעϸڵġ
ˣܳɻüͷ
ʱ߳ʵңһ仰ûҲ֪ʲô
ܳɵע⵽뿪ܳɵüͷһ壬ɶ˼
գܳɻǼȥȨδֹͣǰԤ֮⡣ٰճ̣ѼؽھеĲ趼һһԭ
֮ǰż϶ھҪ¼϶ˡ
ţְܳѹؽھ΢Źؽȡ˳ȻобϽ뵽˼¼϶
ؽھٴδӹؽھ׽룬Ȼٴι۲¼϶
¼϶ȻҲǱһͿ
ĻĤĽṹҹؽھڽʱ򣬻˻Ĥ
Ѫ쾵ˡ
룡ܳɶϴֻʿ
ϴֽܳɻڼüҲ϶ܳɵ˼ʼԼ·
Ȼһ̴ǰڰز˼¼϶гˮܳϷ˳ϴҺ֮󣬲ŰѪҺøɾָ˹ؽھҰȻܳƶ
Ұҵͷ
⵶
ܳɽӹ⵶֮˳ٴοһӣֱǯ֮õӵ絶ʼơ
ѹؽǻֻһС֣ԴſؽҺܳɱֺϴֻʿù̽
ʱҲϴ֣߶̨ƺҲе㲻̫ĵӡ
ңԱԹŵкˣҲϴ֣·عˡ
ȻܳͻȻܵ˼¼϶üͷһ壬ʣܳɣڸʲô
֮ǰһģһƺֻǵܳʲôƵġ
ܳһ߲һ˻мˣһ£3ͼڰŶͷ춼ĥϵ£ĸϼ϶Ҳرá
ǣ˵е⡣
ûIIIͼ塣ܳ侲ض˵ԼĶһѹؽھƵܹλá
ܳɽŰĿ⿴ˣ˲ʷ𣿡
Ҽǵʷġ֮ǰڲ鷿ĹУʵĲʷȻҲˣǼ̵Ŀ϶
УԺʱ֮졣ʹ̲ȻסԺĿǰʮ꣬MRIʾײۺҲʺϣ˽Ͻͷظ
֮ǰϹУֻΪмײۺмˡ
ǣ֮󣬵һۿľŶͷĶѣ
е㻳
ǣҸոջ˵Ŷͷˣʵģǳ¾ԵġڲĹУûпή
˵MRIڼλûˮסԣ˺пMRI⡣
֣ӹ˲˵ļؽңֻ΢̽һ¸ϼ֮󣬺ȻͿĸϼ
Ȼ˵֡
ǳŵÿû˵κרҵصģܳɵ˼
ܳɾ͵ҸոҲ˲˵ĸϼǾ޴䣬Ҫ5cmϡ˿ҪŶͷתλ
ԣ˵ûѾӦеѲأе϶Ѳػʿ˵
̧ܳͷ
˵ϣǵ֪粻֪֪Ϊʲôǰ͸֪ȷϣǰ֪Ԥеô£
ĪǣΪ˿ǣ͹ʷ˵İɣ
ҵ죿
ǸϼǴʦǻô
͵ǲÿңεĿγѧϰеĲʷϡƬĽʽѡȫԼһ仰û˵
Ҳû˵رĻ
ȻǴһʼѡ˿ʼǾҪĽ
Խô˵ܳɵ˵ľԽǷë
رỹУ󱳷Ϊ֮ǰǾ㹻ǿԲܹʦģ֮ǰĲ޼ɵ
ڿʦҲе̫Ծ磡
֪Ǵģһ仰ԣҲ֨ڻôͲǰˣ

̨ĹؼҪѼ¹̶
Ҫ֪Ѽ¹̶ɲǷô򵥣
ǿ֮£ǽӵλûѡãһ£мƿˣǫ̂ͻᳯδֲ֪չȥ
ҲǺܴģ£ÿŶͬʱ룬ѵѡ
Щ⣬ǰʱҪǵ⡣
ǣܳ⣬ܳɵļؽķϡתλȼΨһƾǣܳɻûڹؽھĲ£
ȴ̨֪ôҪȥѧӦķӡԺ
൱ڣѧ˼Ӽ˳֮
32102=
⣬δ֮ǰȻƾԼĻһ
ܳѡȲϼ졣
ϼԸѣо๼繭֮£ŹǴϲС档ؽҽܽϹɼĶͼҵĵףĽλעڼײۺ£ܵˣ
ϼλŹǴϣ̶Ρ
ʱܳϾͺѲػʿíҪȽϼзϣϼķϷʽĿǰΪУЧΪȷеƷʽ˫ŶĹ̶ʽ
ҪíڴԶ˵1521mmȻʹ÷ż˫Ŷλס
ֺܳ
ǳļϵĲ̣ϴֻʿѾˣ˹ܳʵ֪һЩõķϷʽûҪó
ڵѧԱǽʦԲҪװƣֻҪһŴͺá
Ȼô֮ǰѾܳõʾ
൱ͺˡ
ǵ綯ģֶģΪҲ綯е롣
ֲíX BioCorkscrews FTעֱֵí棩íߣҪùߴ֯Ȼڽдᡣ
ҪõһеScopion
еǴͷģͳֱֱͨϣҪܶࡣ
һǹؼ
í޷䣬Ǿ൱֮ߣ̶˸į
ֲҪǳߵԺ͸߶ȼеע
߷ֱͨɫߴӼؽ·ȡ󣬴뵽Scopion֮УȻͨ˷߳ڵλãScopion루ע÷棩͵˼ؽڡ
֪ܳɵ˼ϰѸϼ˴ڣͲ÷ԸҰλҲ¶ʺϴ
ͬʱܳҲѾͷԶ룬ĹۿλᵲסǯӣҲסܳɵķ롣
㹻ռҰ£ܿʹ뵽˼ļ촦
һܳϾһֻץǯ͹߸סˡ
ӡ
ʱһ㶣ΪԼˣգգۣȴܳǱߵ˫ȷѰúΡ
ַٶȣܳ˺ܶʺСѡ
У˶ҽѧҽʦҪĲӦǣȰץǯҰб¶Ȼƶ˼ͷĵ㣬Ȼǰǰرȶһ
ſǯһҧȻһ£ܹ߶ó֤ˣȻ
ô
·أ

˳ͬİ취һíҲ̶˼ϡ
̣ʮˬֻ˰˷ӲĹ
ʵǼϹУķʱѵļ֮һ
ôôˣ
ܳʹ죬ǽҪ߷ֿٹ޽ê뵽ŵĹǶ档ڲγɿšΡ
֮ǰҪᡣܳ˵ԼͼȻеȫֻԵĻһ
ʱҪõרõĹؽھܳɺܿˣֻ΢һϼԵͻصíԵλá
ٰԵҲ˹
ٴδŶĶ
íĸ߽֣¸ȡһ뵽޽êк󣬴뵽ŵŶ֮С
ߡϿʼû޽êֱû뵽ƤʹСʱת67ܣɼߡ
ܳɲһź뵽ĿˣȻٿ˿ʱϵʱ䣬ȻΪȨޣһĹУܳɾãַҲԡ
޽êɣ
޽êƵģ֮Ƕ棬ǳȣǶΪõ̫ˣôͲȶˡ
㶣Ŀ⸴ӵؿһܳɣε˵һã
Ȼܳ˵Ļʹͻɣ֮ܳǰץסԼĻᣬһܹôõذɡ
ʵҲԼ˵ģ
IV˵˶ҽѧѶȼߵ֮һˣ
Ĳŵʱ򣬿ٵؽӹһö޽êٵͨ˿߰ʣµŶԴߴ޽êȥ
ͨͲ뵽ŵĶλá

Ŷͬ
Ͷܳʹɫ
ܳҲϵ˼ߵĲһܳ˳µذλøؼԵĲ׼ʱܳɾ͵ɡ
ܳϤԼǰڿʱ򣬶Լʦֵ˵Ϊչǵ棬Ϊ˲ǵѿʱ򣬺˵Ŀ
ԼʱãԼûʢ˵˼
Ǵ˵֮˱֮˵ʱ飬ǲһ
Ҳą̃ʼʼգܳɸ𾴣û˼
ܳȻ˶ߣǣͰڵˣĿⶼܳɵɨɨȥ
˵ȻҶҲ֪еһγ־ôݣǲе˰
ƵԼ
̨£кƶ˽
ʦܣ̨ܵ𣿡
ƵɫͻȻ÷ǳأеѣʱ䣬Ϥ֣Ӧÿɣ
ǣӵģ
ڿʱ䡣ƵĸӺܸߣ˫ĿǳϬֵָӸµͶĿ⣬ȴе룬˭
ʦ֮ǰʱ22ӡ֮ǰʱ24ӡʦɵһ̨ٺʱ28ӡ
ڵʱҲ22ӡ̺ǰ̻ġ
ԣܳɣں棬ںʦ棡һٴеɫҲû֮ǰֲŲҡ
߸ֵһҲû֮ǰĺ
Ϊܳɲ棬൱ɶ񣬵ֻϧǣһ̨Ҫϳˣ֪Լܲܳһȷġ
ǾǣܳѾˡ

ܹģΪʦôһ֪أ
ܳ˹ؼԵĲְ֮Ѳλʱľ΢˼¡
ǰɣ
ܳɣỹҪѲλȥʱɣ
Ϊ˸ҵأڲأ
˼˼˰
ֵУΪѾܾûҵһԺòಮٵˡ
ܹùģܴģ
ʼ̨ɡ㣬ָơ

Ȼ󣬽ڶĵֵȥˡ
֮ǰǸ˵ͻһΣ°ѻߵ϶ϸؿһ顣
û΢е㸴ӡ
ΪĳĲĻĸݣܳɣҲ޼°
ͬһѶȵ⣬߷ֺ͵ͷǻ
ȻⲢΪ˱ԼʼȫԸգʱ䣬̵˶ʮӡ
ֱ¡
һ̨ϣʼʱǶʮӡ
һĵطǻϾһСʱߵ飡
ҪãƣֻǸѧδ֪꼶δ֪
ƽԼ֮󣬽յĿγҲǵݻڡ
ʱѾǵʮ롣
Ϊʳޣһʱ䣬ҪԳȥʳʵҲҽԺŻҽԺʳ
أ˴һ𣬾ᣬûôرĸ߰Ϣˡ
ϺζһѡˣԼӵϡ
ܳɼףûζ
ƺȰܳɼӵóԣܳҲͲѧܳɼ˵ͣһ˹͹ǹǵģᶼˡ
еԱ
ڳ֮Ƽ˲ûоʹ뿪ָԽһƿˮ֮ʵǾãεѵܹ࣬찡
ڣôһʦȻеĲˣǰ׼ˣûΧ۵ȺǾ͸һ
ңСߴ˶ûС
ҾãǿǱҽԺ·ˣ
ҵĲ²ģпܣǵĿγ̡ọֱ̈̄ţطѧϰеһһ
ƵĻܳɵ˶˼ûʲôرĿŶȡ
Ƽû˻Ӧ˵ģҪңΪǰǺЭҲôġ
˶ץץͷƣΪеʵ˼
ƣǵһԱԼݵˣ
Э
磬氡


ڶһʮ ˴ûУ
գգۣĿƶ
֮ǰƵʦ֣˵ã֪ݾ͸Щ
ΪЭˣ϶һЩľ顣
аʱ򣬾֪⼸˶ǣƤϵżţæ˵
ҺƣҲŸʶ
쵽ҵʱ˵ǰңʦֶʦ֣Ҳʦ֡
ǻˮ̶ģԸոƽ£ȫ֪ġ˵䣬ʶ룬Ȼ°ͣӵһת
󻰷һת˵ݸոƽĻǻҪʲôźõġ
ϽⶫΪá
ԣЩ˷ô˵Ļεѵ࣬һ㣿
һˣͣȻǰʱ򣬾˵СѵʱһЩʦǾΪ棬ǣûĻӴ
ұ˵εСѵҲйоصģôһ˵εѵ࣬ô˼˹
Ƥܰףϳ־˷ѵƤ˿ԵΪежʲô˲Ƶġ
޲ô˿ͷϵĳһСԴԵڲͬƵġ
ôһͱ˳ϣΨһһٵˡ
˵ĿͶȥʱЩ˼ϵİǷЦ⣬װԼúܺͰҲû˵Ƶ顣
ֻҺܺ棬ʦ֮ǰûô
ⲻӦð
˵ûпܾǰԼʵָˣֻǸһְ
Ļ˵˹ؼ㣬˵ļĺĻô֮ǰΪʲôһֱû˵
ⲻӦð
ƣȵ¼
ʦͽĿǰְǸڣоϵְоԱְƣʵġֵֻúܣһֱû˵
Ҷûʲôӡ󣿡
⻰͸ӹˣ˵ΪħҽѧɮԶʶǺпܵġ
ƺģǾضˣǹǿƵĸڡ
ǹǿڲˣȫû֣ǲʿʦҲһΪ˼顣
أ˵ʦôĿǰ㲻˭˭С£ֱƽƣħˡ
ǺЭģ뾩ҽԺϵͳеоǾѧˮ̶ģҲ֪һҽԺ˶ҽѧһڣһ֪ʲôɣ
˵ʵҲûô˵вˣû̫ע顣ͷ촽պϺԵ÷ǳʵغ񣬵ȻҲ΢е㷲
˲ǾͿһ·ĵʵУܴ£ûġ
δŵĻôδҲղص̫߾УЩ
ͻȻ˫һסָͷ˵ĻҾýĵǾͷǳпܻһʦˡ
ҿ֪ôˡ
ƵĻ˶ͷ˹
ǳص˵Ǵ˼
ƾ͵ǰһֳֹıȽϺѵʵݣôͽʡ
趨ѵʱޣǣʦǲġ
ֻѵĹУĴʦǴˣ˵ѵľٰ쵥λÿ͹ϣĿǰʦѾʧȥóеĽѧ塣
̵ʦͻᱻ滻ӵͼְƵ߼ְƣӵʵʣܹλʦΣȫѧʡ
ǰһʱ䣬һЩλѵսƭǮؼʵѵࡣ
˵һΣҽԺʦģʽ
˵֮Ϳˣе׵ǰĴʦǷʧȥѧأ
£˵òࡣ
һ˵һŵķΧʦߵﲻ1.5߾ѧ֪ʶäʱǺѽдʽѧϰģԽнԵѧϰֽ͵
Ȼ󲹳䣺Ȼ׼˶ģÿѧУı׼ÿʱı׼һ
ѧϰͽԵѧϰģʽȫһ
ӵҲ˵Ϳιȥʦڲ£ڵĻ֤ǾûˡֻܸʦѧˣڵĻǿ˵ܹԺʿʦ
Щֻǲ²ѣҲпǲ´ˡ
ʦֻǵһĴʦѣȻÿĴʦһ˵
Ȼ춼ʦǣҲ˵
ĸ˶һۣ˷ۣ
磬ػƿأ

ݵʱ䣬ֻ㣬һСʱӵʱ򣬾Ҫ¸ϵʾңһڵݣҲǽһ
ΪĹͬദʱ䣬ܳۼһݣתս˿ϵ»꣬˱ȽϾõĹѵİ⼰ʦ⡣
Ȼ󣬲ŸԽԼͷ
ǣܳɣ26ꡣ
ѧεǣܳɣƱҵ˶ʿоδѧ
Сǣᣬ22꣬ĿǰǸҽѧԺƱ˶ѧԱĿǰ˶ʿ꣬Ÿպѡ˹ǿƵרҵ
ңỹ˵һȤǣȥʱʡ߮ѵˣ߮һ꣬ʲôʱҪ߮ȥһسӵġ
ʡˣȴûҪˣе
һ
ƣ25꣬רҵ˶ʿ꼶ԺЭ
У23꣬רҵ˶ʿо꼶ƻС꣬ϲװۣ֪кͬȴʦ֡
ѧޣ֮·⡣
24꣬˶Ŀǰ꣬ħҽԺĹǿ˶ʿоڶ
ԣԱ˸Եѧ֮ܳɵǰѧôˡ
ɳҽѧԺ
ʲôë
֣ĿǰƲǸ
༴ҵһǿԵˣΪ˵Ĺ࣬ڽ֮С
֮⣬ƺûʲôĵˣȻܳڿĿԱݣ˵ԼǼѧħھҽԺо
ȻϾͻĺøУֱԣܳԺˣ
ܳȴҳ磬ƿǶһ𣬻Ӱ쵽Լ椣˾ͻԼȡ⡣
ô룬˵
һʮʱ򣬻ʶ˵ˣһٴʾҡ
ﶼԷ඼ͬ˺ʱ˸߰ӣȻҲǻָ˶ȵϰԣֻ䣬ĿͶ׵ܳɡ
ֻǣ˵ʾҵſڵʱ򣬾̱ùؾأΪǿʾĵһţȻŵľǴʦ
棡Ϊѧеѧ԰ԣͨеѧƵ˷ǳɺͶء
桫

ңʦҪ棬ǹء
ֻԵôࡣ
˷Ƥɨ˼һۣȻһһӹˣĿۼܳϡ
վ
ܳɵ˿⶯ϻصλϣΣԹԵصűѵ
Թ˰ɣվǷʡ
Сֻͬʱͷ֪к⡣
Թ˾ͺãǾĿˡ
ֿ˺üȦȻźȻ̧˵ȣҪϲǣΪ༶еһԱ
˵⣬΢˶١
ܳɵޱ飬Ǻⶼ΢Щ
ΣҲҪͬǣӵһͬѧ
໥ʶһ£ңСѵĵѧԱ
ѧʱ䣬һڣС
˵꣬һЦˡ
еΡ
仰˵ԿǶ΢е崻ˡ
˶΢΢ͣ

TMʲôɧ·
ʦѧԱȥְ
ˣܳڣﶼʺţȫûףô£˵㲻˾ͲˣôֱѧԱأ
ѧԱȻ󻹿ʼεĻ㵱ЩѧԱһʲôĴڰ
˵ķӦɫһࡣ
ұǴˣһҪһѧϰ
ɰġ
ȻǣֻԴȪѣ
˵ı֮󣬾ͽ͵εѵؾģΪȣұĽѧţǴϤصģҵĽѧƻǰ졣
ǳҾͽѧԱݣ뵽ĽΣֱڶ
˵ģôƵġ
Ϊƾʣʦ֪һʦ˭𣿡
ҡͷֻ֪ǰʦŵԼģҲˣ˵Ѿֵ׼ˡ
˵ּ꣬ҡҡͷпһ죬ô˰
ȷǸпĶ࣬ʱܹﵽʵˣɲ࣬ڣȻܹҵõе˼ˡ
ھصĻôһɳ󣬵һʤߣδ֪
⻰΢΢һЦ
Ȼ󶼲˵ˣȻ˵˵ѧˣϾϼģİͬѧԱͽ
һʱ򣬾һɫϵˣƿʾҵš
űƿһ̣̻һµվΡΡϣʦ
ôˣ
Ļܳɶʱ΢΢һ㶡
ʦӦʦʦͽʦͽϵԲͨʦѧ֮Ĺϵ
ĿǰоְƣְƣλôãҲǽ˰ɣ
ȻϣƺҲǶ߶µغֳĪʦĪڣ
ܳɡ˶ʶλֵӣֻλЦݡ
Īʦһ䣬Ц˵Ƚǹ佱ġ
һ£˲
ϣʦҡһʱ䶼֪Լ˵Щʲô߽ʲôΪˡ
Īʦˣȴû˵ʲôЦǺǵؿܳɵˣҽܵˣĪҽĪʦͺˣһһʱ䡣
ʱڣѧϣҾҳƺΪĪʦͿˣȻʲôһ뷨Ҳֱ˵ˣǷǳӭҸ֮䣬вͬĹġ
Īʦãͷһ
Īʦáܳɵ˸Ͻظ
ţƣܳɣĪƺǶԼѾǳϤƵģ˵֡
ʵҲˣҲѼס
ӭǰҲĪӺħԵضԶ˺һЦȻ˿ֱ˵ھϿλʮӵʱ䣬ʱӵȥ΢׼һ¡
ǿ໥ʶһ¡Ī˵꣬߳ʾҡ
ֱĪʦ뿪֮ƺ˲ųһĭȻ󼸺ͬʱ
ʦĪǲǾǰһʿʦ֢Ǹʡ
ʦǸʦ֣ǲ˰ʣ˿ϵܺͰԵЩƤɰ
ûԼƺ˵Ķһ£ܳɡ˵ĺ󱳶һ
ĪڣôֱӰѲʿ֢
ǸոգĪڳȥĻǲ˼ǣ
ӭǰҲ
仰˵ǡ
G˴ûУ
˴ûУ
ûҪ磿
ͻ˵ֻǸԶѣܵ档ѧУѾٷ֤ʵˣʦ֢ܵĪڴʱѧִ޹ء
ʵĪƽͦͰ׵˵ġŬظƹ
ǣУѧˮ̶ҽԺǿƵоĪƵģһߵͷһһȥ˵ǵģĪںܺͰ׵ġ
ͬʱĬĬص
ȥNMģУҽԺĴ֮һĪ˵ǺͰף
Ī˹Уī˹У
㶯ռȻȻܳɱ˺棬˾͸ûüλˡ
ټϣĪϵѧ˵һԹС
ԣ˵λô֣˶һź͵ڶǸλãһ˵һţ൱ֻ
ĪϺܿͿʼ˽Σεݣ֮ǰͬС졣
ǣɷϵǣǡĪôĿνĺã֮ǰεݣҪͼ࣬Ҳˮƽ
ܶطƵ΢һף֪ʶ㣬ȫгˡ
еĵط΢һŦһšƺ֪ʶϵͰθȻȻؾ磬ǼĲϡƵȣĪװ
ԣܳɵˣı˶
Ȼٵٴ˵Ľ׶εĻΪ֮ǰĿӣԴҶҴˣͷʼʣϣĥ
ĪҲߴ٣ؽѧ
ʵȴһ㶼ؾͷǳʵزеķʵҲˡ
ȻĪϵ磬֮Է磬Ҫúһµģÿε֮ҲҪ½лعĹ̵ġ
εȻǼؽھҲǼ˵졣
ϥؽǰ󽻲ʹѵ塢弡ֲʹؽ°η
IIIУеѶȵǣҪյݲ٣Ҫεذպÿһϸ⡣
ܹϥؽھѧø͸һ㣬ע˰


ڶһʮ ǲǱˣ
ϽǾ߱޸ģǰʹ򲻾߱޸ҪиԤġ
ǣ󽻲ʹ޸ǱҲеԡ
ڴ󲿷ֵ֪
Īڴǳأǰ󽻲ʹѺؽһ飬ܳɵƵƵͷ
ǣĪΣܳɻǴĪڵϿУʣ˺ܶĿհԼȥ׷Ѱ⼰ڡ
ܳɲЦЦGԼڵԽԽˣƺɺ˼άģʽ˱һ㡣
չأϿΣϿ֮Բ鷿귿֮󣬾ǿʼˡ
ĪҲû͵ʱ䣬귿֮󣬾ֱŵ
ܵҪæΪֵݣȴĪڸˡ
㲻֣εСγ̣ûϵÿ㡣Īʮֲ
ƺ֮ǰһȺѧ˵ͷǳˣǳĪ˼
ڨЦ£ȻεضܳɵЦЦĬĬ˼ҵǽڣΣţɹԿɹԡ
ͲȦȦˡ
ʵúΣҲܲ
ȻҲãһοСѵ࣬Ӷ൱ĲǼΪ츳һСˡ
ǣҲãҲãҲӰǱ͵ʱ򣬺õ̫ˣҲûбԼ̫ɣ
ôͣԼʦܳأԼˡ
е㲻ģԣĿ⣬ضۼǸסܳˡ
Ϊܳɵġ֡ġѧġʱһͣٷš
ƵʱܳԼ棿
ôôһѧ鰡
GǣʵȥܸɰԱɶ˼
ܳȻһͰ׵ı飬ǳǢ˶˵ЦƺڲŽ̨η⡪
Ҫô¡
һСڣ̨ǣƺ֡
ڶ̨
̨
ڶСڣƺ֡
ڶ̨ıǱܳɡ
̨ƣ
ôǰ̨ƺֵݣһе̨
ܳɡˣܹŲμ̨΢е㲻̫ƽˣ
Īµģ˵Ҿ̨Ҷ̨ᡢܳС鸺̨ơУˣһ̨
Ǿô
ܳɵ˶
ĪΪڴܳɵͣãֻû˵ѡ
ʵĪڵķַֻΪƽѡ
ǣܳɵʲôţ
̨ܹôһ̨˵Ļôжʮ˴ΣܹѧԱ5һʦҲҲȫƽֳ
ܿ죬ƾ͸ȷػӦ𰸣Īڣոյ㷨ĻôʦμӵĴĴΣܹˣôӦڽ̨жˡ
ܹöʮ˴αɱƽᡣ
ԣĪڣΪ˹ƽĻҪں̨еÿһΣҪ̨ġ֮ǰʦѾѿԲ̨Ĵˡ
ƿ棬ʵص
ɶЦĪҪ̨Թۣ
ôܣԹʽزȫһĽǶȺݣ̨ϣ֣Ҳæ̨£˻ѧԲɣ
ң𶼺ܸߣ˵϶ҽԺḺΣǣֻ̨ϵʱ򣬲˵̶ȵݴʡ
Īڴ˿̵ı΢еѿҪǴԹߵĽǶȣȥúõؿܳɵʲôɫû뵽ǣ󷽷ذѻóĺ֮١
ͱ֡ƵʵĽǶȣĻ˻
ȻҪ˵ȵĻǾֻƽˡ
ôһ˵֮Ҳ뵽һ⣬йģˣûؿڣܳɵĶߵһ
ܳɵ۾ʱһɣС˵˵𣿡
ǣܳɵжĪڵ˵̸ܳһӳôһ˽Īھʣʲô뷨͵˵һۡ
˽˵ʲô
ܳԣתͷĪڣո˵Ī˼ά͸ոƵļ㷽̨βС
һΣʦΣܹŸˣʣµˣһһΡ
Ҿеġܳ˵ţĪں۾ȴԽԽ
ƺж˵ɫҲ΢һǾ˵ֻйϵ˿ˣûϵˣ
ĪԣֻѣͿʼؼ
ѧϰѧ֪ʶνʽƽȻҶûʲôõĽĻǼеİŰɣĪ󻰷һתһˡ
Ȼ˿ƺˣһζĿ⡣
ƿ϶Ҳˣûаһ϶˽ĵģ֪ҿܶİţȴֻ͵͵ظܳ˵֤
˼ϸ塯أ
ѵпܾͲǸӣǸǶ

ĪҪдͳʽĽѧôҪٿֻܳǶԼȨˡ
Ϊһ̨ʣµ̨յӦСС飬һһ̨
ΪСֻˣͲشﵽȫƽֻһ̨ĪڰԼ̨Ҳ˳˶һ̨ͲԵر⡭
ûκ˻ỳĪڵʵĴҲãרҵʵҲá
Ȼ˵ƺˣĪڵ¼Ҳǵĵһϡ
ڽǰʹؽУ˵ϣʮȽ̣ɣرĪڣй̣Ϊ˿
Ⱦ죬ĳϸѸ㵽֪ʶ㣬һ©Ҳûйڵ׸
֮ȡ弡ĹУжѸ٣ȡ̹϶ɴ࣬˿ˮ
ƼĹҲǺȻؽƣȻڴֹǺ͹ɹʱ򣬽Ҳϸ
ɹǲĶλʽǲ˲ж˵ĵȳؽ
ȳǳȣ֮ӦĻеؽ߸ףĿǰеǵȳؽ
ȸְļ㡢ֹǡɹǽǶȵļ㡭
һжΪ
ΪȡͱƼԭʱնʮŷӡǽеһ̨ˡ
ǣԣһ̨ϥؽھǰʹ弡ֲؽܹһСʱɣѾٶȺܿˣҪͬʱ֤ĻôֻǾмߵˮƽ
Ÿô졣
κûٶȣûģΪڵĪɿգܻΪٶȣȥġ
ˣǿͼӰ̨ϣͿߵǰϥؽڸĻȣǾȶԵġ
ڲĪɿվͿʼûߵϥؽڣʼ˸Ļǻ֮󣬻Ƕȵƫų̶ȣͺǣĪɿպ֮ǰĪɿг𣬾ǹҲƵġ
ѸողؽʹŪƵġ
ܿϧǣĪɿշǳؽǳʵǱʵˣӵŤתʵķǱأ޷¶ѻȸְ¼ġ
ΪģԵӲŹ
һ̨ǳ߱׼ϥؽھ£ǰʮʹ弡ֲؽĽѧ
ĪɿվͿܳɵһۺ󣬵ǰʹؽĹؼôһҪþ죬Ҫ
˵˵ţܳɾע⵽ĪɿգͿʼעԼϡ
еĻڶԼ˵Ƶġ
ܳҿ˿Լ˶վһѶԣĪɿտ˭ʵôһϵģĪɿڹؿԼ
ĪɿհеҪ㶼֮ܽ󣬵ڶ̨ͼʼˡ
أֵܳɡ顣
ΪһεǰʹؽǿĳʽȻ˵ѶȲСǣûôˣ˽֮󣬾Ϳʼйоصؿʼ
ܳɺ˶֡
֪ܳʵǸʵ
ûĸ֮󣬶ҾӦ֮ܳɵ̬Ҳر΢滺˿кƣȻŰעС
̣ȻΪ
ǣǰʹȡҪŶһΪһȥɹֹǵͨһ弡ķ֯
ܳɺ΢һ£ᾹȻܳɣҺĻ㣬ȥ֯죬Һ˶ѧϰһ£
⻰ܳһ㶡
ᣬȻʾ
֮ǰ˵ʱɲİ
˵ҪǾòԵĻҾȥ֯졣
ܳɾæ˵û£ҸΪˣûӦȥɡ
˵ʵܳǱȽϺѣҪʲôѧʲôļĻ
ܳɾÿԼλ΢ʧرרҵϵǿ϶Լ۽ǿ϶ġ
Ϊܳɿ϶ǲ֪ԭ߮һţһֹһ

ĪɿȻǰѸעܳϣֻڿܳɾȻȥɹֹǵͨȥת֯Ļ
Щʧ
֯죬ֻһŷǳ򵥵Ļûģ뽨ɹֹ̫ͨԶ
ȻҲ̨УǳҪһ
ˣעһ˵ɡ

ΪռݵıزһȻĪɿն֪ܳɵĲǿҲܹ˴ʧˣСѧĳԡ
Ǵ̣һǷӯʵĴ̣ĻͲֻˣÿ˵ѧֻǧ
Īɿ˶֪ǣܳȥרų̋֯Ϻĳһطü˶۽ĳһʾϡ
ǿűַ֯ǲճĲ̫һ
ǣ
ÿһֲضרҵԽзԼӦ
ܳʩչĲڹٷ־ͽУ֯Ϸ
ӦڴϸвȻȵ2֯ϣڼֲߡ
ڱֲļõ1СףѪǯֲ϶˴ӿϣԶõƬٴ1ףǰ״ֱֲ϶˴ӿϣȥಿֲ֣˱ֲڡ
ȻǱȽϴͳļ֯ϷϣĿǰΪеģֱ֯
ܳͻȻóģ൱ˡ
⺢ӽʲôӦôԼ֡
ˣܹȻͲȥطˡ
ܳɣʡʡӦ߮磬ǿټġҸ㱨СǾʶ֪ǸȨ֮ˣ⺢Ҳܶεѵ˵ǹϵ֡
ʵҲ˶ҽѧҵΣĿǰ˶ҽѧרҵίԱḱί˶ҽѧרҵίԱḱί
ϴѧҽѧԺ𣿡ʡ
ԾһЭ󣬻һڹΪĽ䡣ǰ쵼ʡĻͬıҽ⣬ʡбҽ඼ϴѧҽԺġ
ƵԺУżðһ̥һ㶼⡣
һֱôûȥŲҽѧѧӦеķչơ
ϣǡһ۾
ǣϵŹ֡
һ룺ôҪ飬ҾԲǴϴˡСܣϴѧҽԺѧҲΪĵط
Ȼܹĸøˣķǳܼ
ߣȥҰɡһ£ŵ
һ˵ʮִ㵣ϣǵİţǵ죬ų𣿡
ǰ죬У˵ǣĪɿջϳһûȥ¶棬ǿҵΣҲѧҲû¶ģǾôȥˣ
ǲе㲻̫ʰ
ȻĻ漸Ŀγ̰ţҪôŰ
˵óȥˣȻ淨ЩˣǾͲҪʳԣźð
η㻹ûóϣϵ촽ĥţ棬ȻֱҶȥ
Се̫ʹˣɶ
һûóϺη
ǣϣҪҪôаôŶȻ˵ܳе£Ҳеĥ͸ֱ˵Ҳ
ǲе㲻̫ʰ

ĪɿͻȻ֣￪ʼˡ
Ҫǲĸµʵϰߴңд˹׼˵Щʲôʱͷ֣ҵţԽԽ߳һȺˡ
ؼһǰһһ˸˸ͷüë΢еףڴͷĺ棬һӣ۽Ƕ壬΢΢
ŬغԱߵһСӸƽ룬ڸ
Īɿպ˿Щ˹֮ϷӦô£ĪɿոϽһȥкϣΣΣ
ΪλΣֻκεҲͲ÷ô
ţǼ϶̨˻֣ʾ˶
͸Ͻϴִ·ȥˣĪɿǸϽҿԼΣʵƷΣʲôң
ĪɿûԣָָԼʣǲ̫ߵˣ
ǲǱˣ


ڶٶʮ ޣ
Ʒеļա
ͺƷεģҽѧĲһһݣ˵ǹ֣ƤŹͷһܰƵġ
ĪɿȻƷαϹϾš
˵ǵ˳ʱˣҲþʲôӦСܵıַ֯ΪɣԹϾʹǰˡƷڻظ
ĪɿתͷܳӸ
ԼѧΪܳɣһֱڽعעܳɣǻܳɴƤӵ¸΢һ¡
ƺרΪһ΢һתܹԤ벻
ʵҲáĪɿ΢еʧͬʱֿ˿ЩԺѧǣ˵

ͬʱڿд󲿶˿εʱк΢˼
ʦ֣㿴˵˰ɣǵѧϰ̣Ǳȫ̼ŵġһϵص
еƣ֮ǰʦֹܹȥ˰Ҵ󣡡
ȻеĹעҪ㣬Ǻܿͷһرؼ⣺ƣ㷢ûУһεСѵ࣬һҽԺ˶ûС
ʼʱ򣬾͸оԣԽԽопӣ
ΪǣͷˣѧҽԺΪ췽ϡƷڡĪڵ˶ҽѧΪءԴṩλȻһԺѧûС
ΨһһܳϹϵľˣǻˮ̶ġ
ҽԺϼ˵һ˰ɣٲ˵ش󷽣ҲûϿôͰס
ƻһȦҲǷ˲ͬ˵Ŀ⣬ԼЩĿеĸζ
зģвģоȵģЩɻͲ֪ġ

ѹˣĪΪٵˡ
Ҫ֪֮ǰ˲ʱΧȺҲôȥȥôͻȻʱ򣬲Ƕһ֮Īɿվˡ
ôһˣ
Щ˭
Ϊ׵Ǹͷ֮⣬ѹͲʶ
󲿶ӽʱ˵ĲȻͣ˰Ҳڱ֯ܳɣѶҲº󣬾ͰĿƵ˹ϵϡ
ȻҶ֪Աɸţǣ˿ΪʦĪɿգӭſڣҲ֪ˣӦòͨˡ
׵壬һеŵˣȻ͵żţǼǵģǾͿǵģǲŵǵġ
Ͽ˵֮󣬴ҲǺԾͣ˽Ų̨޾̨Ϊĵ֮ڣҶû룬ֻ˶棬Щ˲ϵż⣬ҲǺڿС
˹ϵ˼뵽֮󣬹ϲֶƷڵͳɿȥɣȥǱߵı֯졣
ʦһɣĪӺƷ˶ףϵľܳˣԣҲܺܳɵڸôܹôϡ
֯ʲôÿģȥǵ¡Ϸ˷ۣͰĪɿպƷڵĻûˡ
Ȼﻹ룬ûʲôÿģôϹǸأ͸ô
ǹϾǹϰȨ˵һ𿴣Ͳܺһ𿴣˾ֻΪƵذעع鵽
̣֮ǰĪɿվظƷںĪ˶쿴ˣûһ飬Ҳкüǧˣûɶÿġ
ΨһĿǣĲڻ׼ڣȽһ̨ǳȵ
ǰ׶ΣͲԣδؾͻࡣ
ʲôÿأ
йоضѡ
촦̨ܳɻһ߱֯죬һڳԼĹϡ
΢еģᱻ˰ɣ
԰ǼбַҲܱó
ûΪܳʹõıַ֯ͲʵȽͳģҲȫаͳһ塣
ʲôйأֻǼĲ֣˵һ볣ı֯뷨棬һı֯뷨
ʼһ̽Եٴ飬аĶɶ֯ôչģճΪҪʱĳſԡ
һӾͱ̫࣬Ȼˡ
ͬѧʲô֣ϵǳͣɫе֮ͣܳǰϵвͬﲻͬܳһʱҲֲ
ı̨֯ҵĲһġ
Ȼ֪λ˭ܹ£ܹ˽ӽˣ϶һ㡣
ʦãܳɡܳҲؿۣȻЦЦϿʼ任ıַ֯
ܹΪ˵Ĳ죬Ӱ쵽Ľ̺ͲҪġ
ΪʲôҪأҾ֮ǰ֯þͺܺðϾע⵽ܳɵϸڱ仯
ܳһ죬ΪԼĬĬһ߸ǲᱻֵģ̹ϵʦͼ룬Ӧò̫Ӱɣ
飬˵ĻҪʵΪãȻĻһŶӵܳȫһǾı֯ãҪȫзҲʱ׼ġ
ȻϲҲģǼôǻʲôĿأ
ʦҵıʵΪüøιһЩܳɻء
жʲôǸι̣ʲôǲι̵أ⣬ι̼һɿصصĻôǲԽι̣ԽأһΣ϶΢еˡ
ض̶£ιԽιԽõġǣ۵ǻڲᷢײ⽩Ӳǿֱһϵеǰ¡
ǵļԽιԽõġܳȻȶظ˴֮΢룬ָԼ뷨
ҪǵۺصĻؽıĿľǻùؽڵĻȣʧȥ˿չԣôҲʧȥ˼ؽ塣
ǶȶԣͲԽιԽˣҪӲʲôȥ̽ˡ
ܳɵĻشԤ֮е΢г롣
Ĵܳݵֿͨףлش𣬿ܳˣǵûĳ·ߣҪۻĻ⡣
Сӣ¸
Ȼ˵ſھĳ֧ʲôտھ˭˭˭ʲôʵ飬֧ʲôʲôбƸ񣬵ǣҪԵĶЩǼٵġ
ִҽѧһЩۣʵһ˵֮ϵģƵļ˵˵Ļϵͳ߱߸
졢ʣһΪʵĿγ̡
ǲʵأͬ弡죿ȻȤһ߿ܳһʡ
ؿǲʵ⣬ôҲͲÿչԵ⣬弡ûųⷴӦļ죬ֻҪǵ俹㹻ɡ
ڴͳϣڱ֯ĹУ֯ɵĹԽ࣬˵˫ɡĹɡɣ˹ɡԽ£ЧԽãĹܿԽǿ󡣡
ǣڶ˹Ļϣʵһ̶˫ɷѶȡ
˵ĲУǰʹԵһάļʽ״չ˸ڹɹֹǹƽ̹Ĺ档
ϥ90ʱʹɹǳļнΪ264㡣ǰʹڹɹǸʸ״λֹǸˮƽλʹ϶¶תԼ90㡣
вխΪ11mmңԼ4mmϥֱʱʱ״ϥʱŤתϥؽ90λʱʹǰڲ೤Ϊ3040mm೤Լ20mmҡ
˵Ľʣֹ¡ǰڲ࣬°ǰţбϷ࣬άθڹɹڲࡣ
ƽ3138mmм䲿ƽΪ1012mmԲΣƽŮԺԷֱΪ36mm^244mm^2ʹھֹֹ1012mmɢ
ACLɹֹλڹɹڲ󲿣Բΰ棬ƽ18mmͿ11mm113170mm^2
мʱ򣬲ϵͷҲ𽥽Ӳ
ΪܳڽһЩݣЩطҲ֪
һǺȷģԺʿȻǸоģԺʿҲãҲãȫݰٿ⣬Ҳǰٿȫ飬ɶ֪νʲôҲ֪ʲô
ֹֹACLγɡ㡯ṹ˸ͬʱϥʱACLײ
ֲACLûС㡯ṹֹֹѡǰԵϥʱֲײѣֱ޵ԭ֮һǣʵҲӦĽʹģʦл
ܳһӾӹһҪĻ⣬˵ǰĻ⣺ǰAMBֲڹɹֹϲֺֹֹǰڲ֣PLBֲڹɹֹǰ²ֺֹֹⲿ֡
ǿʼøӽܽʵ˫ؽָACLܡ
ܳɰؽΪʲô˫Ͷɵĵײԭ֮󣬲ؿʼԼĽͣʦ֮ǰ˵ۣǿԷ֣PLBAMBĽṹԲ֮Уʵַͨ֯вͬĴġ
ϥؽֱʱPLBšƽ90ʱAMBŰʹŤתPLBɳڽˮƽʹ忴AMBλPLBǰγֱʱPLBţʱAMBšؽָܻͬάӦ仯ԣȻᵼ²άӦ쳣Եؽʧܡ

ʦһ㣬ĿǰACLѧоǻڶڻʬ걾Ͻеġ״̬ACL˽١˽ACL仯ɣָٽָܻҪ塣
ϣ
Ŀǰоǻڶʬ걾ѵҪֱȡݣ
ճACLӦСڼӦһΪӦ0.044ԹͷΪȽС(ͷȳϥ)ACLϴ󣡡
ΪǶȡ弡вͬĴͺñȡ
Ȼܳ˵˵ţͰؽ뵽ν״̬ȥˡ
ܳһ˵һؽŲԵʾϱͲǱܳɵַģԾֻĬĬؿţΪסĹڡ
ȵܳɷ֣Լո˵ЩֻһʱˣòƣԼոڽĹУͽ΢еˣǰԭһ飬ѱַ֯ҲŪһ顣
֯ףҪжǲܵ鰡
ʦĻ費Ҫ½б֯ܳɲʹϵ˼Ҫ±ƵĻֻܰе߶ˣȻ±֯
ҡҡͷ˫ؽָһǾķģҲ˫ؽָ뵥ؽȣѡ޲ɡ
ĿǰԼı֯̽еĴĿǰδĶ壬Ҳδб׼
Ǳ׼ĶʲôԵĶԴأ
Һǣ˫֣һ˫Ľ˫ְϺȻζ˵ȻԱߵƷڵ
ƷҲ˵ͷ˵˫֣ǿ󰡡ܹƾ輼վʹﵽ۷ˣֶǺɵġ
ɣ
ʶҲԨӺ񣬾ӱЩҽԺһЩѧöˣǰɣϣ
ܳæѱ֯ļ£
ߣʵѾ˲²⣬ȻǹԱȭ񣺡ʦ
һǰȷƷû΢˵㣬Դ˸ӾʵһЩֻϧĻδлܹظ
ܳҲͲͨϵĻ֪Ʒڵ֣ȻƷڡ
Ʒ˿ܳɺ͹֮⣬עˣ֮ǰܳɺ͹ʱ˾Ѿ˽ʹؽ׼
˿̾͵ܳɰѱ֯õļȥֻǰڹϻںܳ⣬΢е㵢顣
Ʒæϣ̨֮󣬰հķʱһ̨ɣǻ̰ɣ
׼ʽʵƷУ̡
ãǾȰɡ
СܣҲȥæȻǴһعһ½̨ʱϣСܹطһ°뷨
ܳɻҪ˵ʲôʱ򣬹Ͼ͵ͷôˣôô˵˵˻ҡ
仰ܳΪеܡ
Ȼ϶ô˵ĻôܳɾͿʼúõؿʼ˵ȻĽ
ֻǣܳȫû뵽飬ʱ򣬷ˣ
ֱӵĪɿգ֪˵񣬶ôʧܵ𣿡
ûǰܳ
ҪܳСҪñ˵ʸᣬͿӡ
ǵѧҲҪע˰ʲôͣʲô£˼ʲô£
ѧѧѧôˣ
ʵŬ㣬ǽְ棬ͬҲǿ˱ݵķݶҪΪԼ֮ӣ֮ǰʤֻΪʤһõѧϰѧϰԴ
ǾӵһУҪ۸
ΪʲôԼҾٰѵΣԼѧһ˶òʸ
Ϊʲôƽʱǰ𣿡
Ϊʲô
ǾǱͬѾǺʱ򣬱˵ûˡԶֻĿǰˣһĶֵعӾͺˣ͵ʲôû˵
ǣľԼϷĻô
ļ죬ѵᡢܳɵˣǵĿꡣ
ûϵǰûϵ
⼸伸ûϵ
ҲûϵԺҲһֱ䰡ʱֻʣ²ˣģʲô˵ˡ
ô˵ʱܳɶоԼĻΪԼеţˡ
ǣԽˣܳɾ;ãϵĽѧģʽ̫ˣ
Թ۵ЩѧҲԲȫƽӹ֮
һУܾƺõһֻΪ˱༤Ƕѡ
ȺˣһֱǱôѧĻôǿ϶ǣ̶ıǡ


ڶٶʮһ ȥۻ
컨ҶһֱǾѧҽѧǾѧҽԺĹǿƣʲôʱ˵Ҷ
ˣϵ⻰ܳɵĺֻܿš
ɲʲôõĿ佱ҲɱֻǵޣܳЩˣһӻıҴ˶ûУȫֻ̾˵
Ƕò廰
ţܳɵ˾ͿˣΧ۵ЩˣһľͿʼǰڹϣƷ˶ڣԾͲ΢һ£Ļ϶ϾҪˣ
ƾɶ
ԼҵİײˣԼ˶ûóԣȫ˳ˣԭǿͣҲû˶ͷʺġ
òףȹϽ꣬ʵҲꡣ
ܳɵˣȫؾصˣƿʼһֱܳɣ˶ؾصҽһ飬Ȼϵϼҽʦִ
Ȼ󻹶ԲʿоǣֺʽؽԼı֣ϣҪԡ
Ȼƴ˾٣еƻ֮ǰĹϺƷɣҲû˵ʲôҲûԼĻ棬ܻϣƵ˰ǵĻˣԼţơ
ֻǣ֮Բ˼ڻϣΪƺбϾǾصѧһǺЭģһǻˮ̶ģСϵĺܿˣǾûҪˡ
ܳɵ˶ҽ֮󣬾ֵ˾ѧѧҽˣǣʱ򣬹Ͼֵǵ־ˣýˣҲҲرġ
̨ǾʹͷβúõؿôģôѧϰģǺ֮Ĳ࣬
˵꣬ϾתͷܳɵСҽһ̨ɡ
ϵһ͡⡯ָܳɡ
ôָƷ֪ôµˣֿʼΪǿҵЩѧĬͿ
ܳɣͲô౾¡
ܳ΢㶣Īɿգվ͵֮ܳǰ̨Ѷ֮УѶģԣһ̨ڶ
ܳӦûʲôɣ
ĻȻûëģѶȵĻôܳɽеһ̨Ŷͷ͸ϼתλѵġ
£ˣ
ܳӭѶϣ£һ̨϶ûġ
ƺͬʱ֣ʦܳһ̨
ƵֺܸߣҲ׳пɲҪ̫ࡣ
ƺ⻰˵˳˲Ŀʮ־صʦ֮ǰĶ䡣
ƺǸŴʦһ飬ռ˱˵ģ
˲ռ
ˣǳز׽κһԼƣвгҪֵֵá
Ҷ֪ˣܳɵĲǳǿǣϣܹܳɶ̨ͬѧϰܹע⵽ϸڡ
ƺбͺĪɿһˣҪܳ磬ͬ⣿
˵ʦҺ˶ۡ
ְһܴڵ©ˣѿɵ·ˡ
ʵô˵ʱ򣬶ûע⵽ʵѾܳɣСһҪǿɽ뷨
Ͷƺа˰֣ʼˣչ¡
̾վȥһͶλŰѲ˷̨ϣǰ׼Ļòֺ
ƺҲֻվԱߣؿţ֪ҪͨʽֶΣᶫǿ϶ܵˡ
ֻڰţȻܹᣬôͨʽֶΣǵĶ

̨ΧϡƷĪɿգԼܳɵ˶ʱʶͲϤˣΧһָָ㡣
һѧ˼
Ϊʧȥ˹ϵ˵ѹѾʼ˽
ʦ֣Щ˶ţ𣿡ƺǸսﲻõʦʡ
ţ
Ǵ𰸡
ôԸϹϵĻһʵǿ϶ģǾ˵ʵǿܱͨȵϵģ
ʦҲδؾͱǵٴ߶١
Ҫ֪ǿĸߣ
ǰ׼ɵĹУ˽Ȼ󣬾͵ʽڡ
ĻŶӣ˿ܳħԺǸŶӲ൱רҵǻǰһĿԤеס
ǵģǵеǰеģ֤Ƕ̣ʮ
ܳȻҲˣùԹֱͨעͳӯϥؽڣһ·ƤԱʧѪ
ЩСϸڣƬпƤؽ⣬ͻƹؽңȻǹؽھĴоʣֱӽ뵽ؽǻںڹؽھױ£ѹؽھϥؽڵҰ˳
ںýǶ֮󣬳ˮҰѪɢˬҰø˿
йؽھһԶǾ졣
Ĺؽھ豸ҲħǱ߲࣬вƬƫԶװ
Ĥţڲ°ѣǰѣˮףһȽϵڲ
ȡɡ
ȷֻȷˣܹȷӦҪǰʹ弡ȡֲ
ȡ죬ҲһѡĲλǴͬС죬ѡɱռȻȥ֯
ȡ죬רŵȡˣȡḶ́ͱø˳˿
ܳɻֻ˼ٵʱ䣬Ͱȡ˳
ǣܳȡ죬֮ǰȡļ죬ȴȫһġļ죬Ǵһּ֯ģҪȥ
ǣܳȡģȴֻмļ֯ܳȡĽǶȣΪʣٳ̶ȵؼ˼ˣֻǰѼȡߡ
ݼеţһɫ㣬Ƿǳеġ
죬ȡʱ䣬ƲŲһʱ䡣
ɴ࣬

𣿡
ȡַ⻹Ҫɾ
Ʒֹǻ˶˲һֱµİ
˳Ĭ
Ǽܺܳơ
ͨʵõһ־飬ַʽʵʵеһϵвΪ
ǶǰһϵвΪĳЩҪ죨ĻΪĻ裩ĸ
ҽѧ򣬲ڿҲãҲãߣ̫໨ڵĲɣжôĶǣˣԱҽߵĲƽƽ档
˵ֻǷǳصĲԼܶѣǣôصĲԼܣ漣ݡ
ȼҪһֱҽѧһǱ
һֲ潲һ֪
ֻһ֣Լ֪ʵ߲֣˶ѡ
ԣ˿̣ܳɵĲַڹϵ˿Ϊе㻨ڵġ

ȡ֮ܳҲûȥȣѼ콻ȻͺˣֱӿʼϥؽڲĲ
̽ܳȻ֮ǰѾȷڲ°ѣǣҪȷѣҪ̽һ̽°嵽ǲǲȶġ
ûжȶԲӰĻôѵİ°ֻҪɡȶһӰĻǱԷϡ
ȻȶԺãҲԽзϴϥؽиıáҲǱϥ֮һ
ֻǣǰ°ѲûӰ쵽ȶԣȥзϵĻ΢е˷ѵĲˡ
ͬѧߣԴвͬ⣬ܳĿǰţϣֻ
ǣ̽ȷȶԿ֮󣬾ҧǯ˹ؽǻڣ΢
ĹУ˾ͷ֣ܳеҧǯͺָǯһָĴģֻµĹ򣬾Ȼʮ룬һ˱еĻȣ
⣿
ͨҧǯİ°ǶգͬǱҧһʮѿʮֲƽġ
ܳȴǣ
ôأ
ż£
Σ
ٻعܳɵʱ򣬷ܳѾǰҧǯλˣȻ˵΢һ½ţҪȥ´Ĥš
ŶŶãԲ𡣡֪
ʵոˣûܳɵĲ˼·Ϊֵʧְ
ܳҡͷȻϥؽڰںӦ΢λܳùؽھŰѻĤŸ¶һֻ־õӵ絶ѻĤôһ㡣
ͬĻĤţȻôһӣûˣ
ħһ
΢һ¡
ˣʡ
ţĤֻҪѵٴͿˡ
ϥؽڣǿʼɹǺֹܳ˵
һ˲Ĥţܳɻѵʱ䣬ӣͺˣ
ôһ£ͲùϵˣܳɲеĲһĵط
׼
٣

ϥؽٴ֮Ұѵǰʹж˴ܳɾͰѲжˣȻʼɹǶˡ
״̬£ϥؽǰʹж˲һ룬ڲȻƳƤ
Ȼʼɹǵͨ
ɹǵͨԷֳɼͬԲ
ȵļ㡣
ȻֹǶ˵ͨöλȡ첿λס
ѡǰʹֹǽڵֹ㴦
̣ܳɷ·Ρ
Ϊֵᣬ֪ԭܳɵôôġ
ֻ֪Լʶ΢еľҲϵָ߰Ͳ
ȫ̶˵𣿡
ܳɻأԡ
Ҳ𣿡
ԡ
ȻĿԣ񲻹ô֣ǶԵġ
ʲô
֮ͨܳɾͿˣǱòŰѼ֯ꡣ
ܳɿ˿̨ϣһʵȸְ壬ӹɹǵͨͨһһ˻Σȸְǡôش˹ɹǵ˫ͨ˹ɹǵڲϷ
һȸְ壬ѼĳȵʣñƵļ춥˵˫ͨĴͨ˺ܳɾֱӰһֹͨǵͨѼһſݶ
գ
գ
յݶֹǵĹʷĦǳ
˼֮ͽСˡ
ٹһܳɾͰֹǶ˵Ĺ̶ݶˡ
β˻һļ֯Ƕļ֯ˣֱü⵶Щȫе
ԣȳȲҪõöࡣ
Ȼܳ򶼻һ飬ȷǰǰʹΪ׵֮ţذѻߵĽŸ̨ϣʼųϴϵȲ
Աߣͨ⣬ע⵽ˣ̨ԵΧȺڵɫƺһе㲻ζŲű̧ͷֲٵˣϵ̨ԵļʱƳš
00383574
ǳ⣬侲
ˣ΢΢һ
һ̨ʱʱһСʱʮӣҲһСʱֻʱ䳤̵ĻԱܳɵŴ
Ȼ˿̿ı鵽ôĻ̿е
ôˣܳĻʡ
Ͻҡͷ֪Լ̫ʧ̬ˣܳΪԼʧ̬ܳ⣬ɾʹˡ
ûɶеĲɡ
Ҫϰɡܳ˵

̨£ϺƷˣȫ̿ܳһ̨ĹؼԲ֮
Ͼ͸ƷʹһƷ⣬ԱߵģĪɿյ䡣
ϼҽʦ壬˳䡣Ȼ棬Ҳģ£ΪʲôҪ˳ȥ
ϺƷĪɿˣų䣬æؿʼ
ϣϣ㲻ȥۻ
ȫǿĪɿʡ
ĪɿգСģ˿̵ʣġ
п֣пŵ
ѧҲˣܳɵֺֿããȴ֪ȥݡ
TMţTMܾΪ۷Կˡ
ʵĪɿգȻǸͷӣǱϾΪڣ֪ôȥ䣬˵Ҫôȥܳڵʵ;硣
ȥۻʱȥκԤܺõϸڼϵذգٷģĳһԭ
˵ٷʽˣǳκθ˵
ͱ˵е˾ã˫ͨãҪӺεĹ̶ݶ
е˾ãʲôԤ󣬶øá
ǣЩˣĪɿգϵЩԺʿ͸Ľʱ򣬶ֻڸĽǵشӲͼĲȥġ
ʵһ˵Ĳ۷壬޶ȵġ
ͨ
뼼صģһ˵ĲǶ⣬Ϸ⣬ӪǶģôҲԴúܺá
Щˣǲﵽ˲˼۷壬ÿһ֡ϸڣﵽ˿ɿصˮƽϷʱ򣬿Բ͵κζϷ⣬ӪͶԾƵ⡣
ֻǰϵͳƼװ·ȥװȻܹﵽܸߵˮƽӮñȥۻĲ
ʱȷǿǷǳġ
漣
ҴûˣܹҽѧϣȥۻĲֱ󡣡˺üΣ˵ôһϯ
ƷҲΪĿǰ˶ҽѧѧƵΣܿ뵽ĹؼϣʸⰡܳɣΪʲôȥۻĲ
ǿۻĲ𣿡
ǣǸûɵģ
ҡͷǵģܳɿ϶ûз񣬲ûԼɣСֻǲ¶ѡ
ԣڵ֮ġ
ҽ
ãܺð
˵ʱ򣬹ϵ˫֮У췺âˡ
һȥۻɲˣĵǿ󣬳ܼ
ȥۻ֮󣬻ܰһ̨üõˣǱġ
ϣϡСܣʡġĪɿվԼбҪһ£ܳɵݣùϰ׸һ
ȻĪɿյĻۣζ֮ǰ˵СܣϴѧҽԺѧ𣿡
Īɿסˡ
ڻû鵽ѧ
ģѧɡֵ
ƷĪɿգ

ڰɣ


ڶٶʮ ˲£
ȻһҰ칫ҡ
ĳʵڡ
һɫΪЩ࣬Щߵİ׷̴ߣʵһ칫ҵſźк
칫һͲ󣬵ߺܸߣҳúܸݵϽվ˵õģʦ
ȻϰĶժȻֱͣͣ˳ڵİ칫ҡ
֮󣬲Ȼǳؿʼò豭ˮˮѾպˮòߵһϵжȫʶġ
ȻȲݲ衣׷̴߼ԲȻ֣ͽΪݲȲġ
Ȼٴ߽˳ڵĵĻʾŵһ䣬һš
ŵݣһټš
ݲӵġ
𾴵ĳڡ
þòСҲе߮硣ǳлûңԸתСѵıƻ
Ȼǰһ󣬲ص㡣
ܿ죬صˣܱǸǣҴ˴Ϊ˵ԭδܲμӴ˴εѵࡣ˵ǣѾҵ˳֮ǰǸˡ
μСѵѧ֮һܳɣʦѣϸϽԵҵʦǲʦͽ֮Ҳδѧѡ
Ȼǰ
ֲص㣺֪ܳıǹԺѾ˹Ժĳʼ־ԸֻΪ;⣬δܲμӱԡ
ǣڳҵĺ񰮣Ҷܳɵ˽⣬ҳֿΪ϶ΪͶԵܳɱȻǳڿ츳֮ˡ
ܳɲܱʤ߮磬СԸ֮ʳԡ
ڲȲȻ֮󣬱Щеʵ߮磬֮ǰǽӴǰɣ
Ǹ˵𣿡
߮磬֮ǰȫѧҽѧܴϵʱΪί֮һĳԣйӴ߮ҲмӵģȻĻҲǹȥôö
Ҫ֪ԣΪѧˮ̶ҽԺ˶ҽѧĲΣһڣʲô֮ûʶ
Ĳ˵ԼĿУȻ˵ԼֱӣôҲǿѧǣļζѧڸƵʱ򣬳Զûг֡
ΪȻ츳ģҪ߮Ҫ΢һ
ȻʱǴӲ˵ģҲصȽԿ϶߮йӴң߮绹ǲȻʶ󣬾ټԵġ
ԣԾ֪߮絽ǲǸ˵ˡ
ǵĻôھҪȥˡ
ΪģΪ߮仰ܳɲ⣬棡
ڣôùȥˣҲ̫ʲôȻȷǵ߮磬Ƕ߮羿ǲǸԶŵˣôø
һˣԵĲ񵶻᲻ῳԼ
ǲǣҾҶһԡ
һ߮˵ǶԵأǣҾͿԲˣ
ȥʿо죬ûˡУ⺢Ӧѵ࣬ǾҽԺ
ȻųԵʣڣΪһδŵˣֵô𣿡
Ϊ˻ֵãΪ߮磬϶ֵá
ֻҪʦɱȥʡҲ߮ĵʦ˵ţ˷

һõʦҪѧģõѧ˿ɴ̵Ҫ󣬸԰ԼĴиȥߣԽԼѧɳ˵

ƷڣGƷڡĪɿϴҵĸ¥֮Ʒӡҡҡʱ򣬾洳һϤİˡ
ƷˣĿȻʵڣôˣ
ƷǣǿڸʲôҲ֪ĿɣֱӰѳӸ˰ɣ
ƷԳԣеġ
ԣȻְڻˮ̶˾ľҽƢ𱬡
Ϊأ˸ɼܵʱ򣬴ںʲôݣԺʿҲɶҲãҸɡ
Ļ˵ǣʲôݣɾˣ˶ԲӮˣЦ
棬ǿġڶˡ
ĳԣƷЩ
ŶģѧƷڣ֡Ҳ֪˼ҽԺԼѧе㲻Խ͵÷ǳϸ¡
Ҳûڼӡ
Ʒüͷʱһڣ˸ѧҽԺ¶ʣ֪𣿡
ѧĸҽԺֹˮ̶һңڹǿ򣬾Ժͻˮ̶ڽ˵Լȫһģ濴Ǽˡ
ܵʱҲģ⣬ڡԺʿСѧ֣Э죬ڵúþһ죬ЭãҾԼԼġ
ƷﻰĴζҲ֪Լռ˵ƷڣˣⲻٴѧԺˣұֻ֤⣬ѧԺġ
¶Ʒʣ˵УҲ⵽ѧԺĹͿ
Ͼѧڴѧĵҡ
Ծ԰ñһץһӣ¶˰ɫͷӲءˡҪȥѧϰ͹ĦԺƷڡ
ƷԷʱ򣬾΢˰벽
ﰵǸƦӡ
ǶԷȻϡˡҲ˵аô˵ҲǿΣһ뢣ڽϵĵλǺԼһģ˶ҽѧΪķ
˶ҽѧɣûνͽֻвͬķ
ԣڣ룡ƷԼǷģ֮ǰԺ˵ҪԼȥʱԼҪһˮʯ
˵ˣԼװˡ
˰ѧϰļģҵĸҺģ׻˵ǿͣοǳڣҪдܵĻƷѹҲܴġ
Ȼ󣬳ԾͲڸƷңҲԸԳؿеˡ
ҵ֮󣬳Ҳǵһʱע⵽ˣ˿̹Ͽ׽һһĵ÷ǳܳɡ
ңҲע⵽ˣ˲ܳɡ
ڳԽһЩ˻ԣǣΪεƷ֪˳Եĵ֮󣬲˶Ƿ׷׵վĿ۽˳
ϣҲǶԳ㲻Ϻ󱲣ֻѧĳԣжš
ϻû˵
ԾȿˣΪеˬʵ˵߮еǸܳɰɣܺãܲ
΢еĪʱܳתͷ˳ԣʣǣ
ҽгԡһЦ
ܳԣץץͷ⶯Ծǣ˭˼
ʦáԷͺܴ󣬽һʦͲд
ԣǸˣո֮Ĺ˼䣬Դ֪ܳͬˮ׼ģҪܣҲֵõġ
Խ̵ϣƷڣԼæǵģùǣҺܳɾġ
ġ
һļơ
˳ⲻҪĻƷ͹ϵƤһһġ
ѧƺҲ֪ԵĴƵģ¶˼ΪȻ֮ɫ
ǶݺݵɨƷһۣƺʣôʺ˰
ƷǺ޹Ȼע˼еϡ
ҲֻεҽԺΪĲԴṩλȻҪԲ˺ġ
ʱ򣬳첻ˣҲ÷ſ˼ȥܰ
ȻʼҲûʲôֵ飬ֻһֱܳɵԱߣģ
ϺƷ˲ϵɨš
Ҳ޼ƿʩܲܲóɣҲ

ûϾͷ֣ܳɣȻҪҡ
ʱϾͼˣϽ˳ԣҪǵѧȥﰡ
СǼѵӪѧԱҪȥ
Ծ͵ϣˣⲻСܲųΪߣֻСܳȥԸ㷹֤׼ʱͻĿγ̣ٵ
ļѵӪӦǲνϰĿγ̰ŵİɣ
Ե𾴣ʵǷǳ٬Ѿֱ˵Լͼҽ컹Ҫܳߡ
ϾͰѳԸסˣڣҾôǽڣԲңǣ㲻Ҫ̫ˣ̫ˣ
ƲԳԷƵĻϻĲ¾ͺͳԻشһܣǹϴ¡ҹʲôӵĹϵأ
ܳɣˣǲϧҪȥҹϵҲҪܳԼѧˡ
涼ҪԼļſڣ˸ˣǹǰ׻ˣ
ǣԵô£ô⻹ҪԼ棬һأ
æʮԩϣ̫ԩˣܻ֪Сͳо־Ըϵͳд־ԸҽԺ
Ȼ˵εļѵӪǹҽԺǣͷٰģⲢ˼ѵӪѧ˰ҽϵͳڲĹض˰
Ҳǳԣҫĵڣ
ֻҪ㻹ڻֻҪ㻹Ļôϵͳ͵ء
ԺʿҲûأܳ˱ôҽԺӵĵһ˳λȨҪѧԺҲҪͬ⣬ǷͲҪУ
ǹء
ңо־Ըϵͳҽһ־Ըд
䶯һ
Ȼؿ˿ܳɡ
ܳ۾˵ͷҡҡͷǸʦ˵ģҵ־ԸľǾѧĻˮ̶ҽԺ
ڣллܹעҡʵӦõģûвμоĳԣҲǱԡڸħγʦѧϰͶ顣
ѾӦʦˣԡ
Ҿÿܻʧˡ
ܳ뵽Ե⣬ԣãҪԽſԡ
ֻǣܳɵĻ˵ꡣ
Ժ͹˶㶣˵γ
ԺʿѧҲúǾȡ
㲻ʡ𣿡ʡ
ܳɵҲǺһݵ˵ĻǾͲð˰
ǣԺʿϻǲ̷ܳҲãûҲããԺúõһܳɵ򡭡
ܳǾͰľһ飬䣬ȻǺúõظл߮ĺ֮ġ
ǣܳɰЩ˵ֵ֮ܳڣ˼һԼԼҪһģԣܾͲôŶλʦˡ
ϽȻȨûзϢܳѾǰˡ
ϾıԻǹϴȥܳɿɲұ֤Լͱνġռū
ԲŵаɣСܡǸԼ
ԻǷǳؿܳһۣ̹ϵСܣҲ֪о֮ʱ䣬ʲô¡
ǣţȻѡҽԺ֤㻹ǷǳϿҽԺƽ̨ģκε뷨κεѣǶǿġ
ǣѾγڣγԺʿ֮ʲôԼҲʲô
ֻҪ˼ϣܹ취ȥ棬ȥġûвμӳԵ飬޹شŵġ
Ȼ˵мɱһ֮ˣһһԺʿôĴ
ǣȻԸôܳɡ
Ը⣬˵ʱΪ߮ģôǵΪ˲á
˳ԵĻ󣬹ϾֱӵܳɣҪ֪ΥԼ㰡
ѡ˱ˣдǾѧо־ԸôʵǱǩһεĺͬҲһֿͷԼ
Ϊṩѧϰƽ̨ѧԺ죬ѧ⼸꣬һĳɼ
м䣬ȥطΥ˹أգ˼ƻġԣ£ѭ־Ըı⡣
ǻع鱾ġϷʲôͷԼЭ飬εĻԴȥԼ
ҷġ
˵⣬ЦǺǵһ䲻ЦȥħȻ󱨿־ԸߵĻǿ԰ĵסģҿԾٱѧʽģ
Լ־ԸĻǲ˳
߼ɲܸ˰
Ϻͳôһϴԣͺ˵ľʵƵġ
ܳûػϺͳԣҲ֪ܳɿһʱû취ۣҲûټܳɣͬܳɵĿΪ
ţԺ͹˲໥Կһۣϲ˵ܳǸ˲š
ԸȥҲϣ䵽ħȥɣȥ㶨ܳɣ㶨γǱߡ
Ҹ㶨γ֮ǰܳȸ㶨ˣܳҾø㡣
Ҹ㶨γ֮㻹ûܳɸ㶨ĻͰܳøҡ
ףͬ𣿡
ߣǿԻ㶨γ㶨ܳɡ
ԣ룬գգۺ󣬱ȭллãԸܵһֶĶķʽܳɡ
Ǳߣ鷳ˣ
㶨һѧ͸㶨һԺʿĸףɵӶ뵽
Ϊͬһˣùϸ˵ǣ϶ҲỨЩһĴۣԼһԼҪ㶨ľֻǡ
ֻǣԲŴӦ׶ûϡ
ͿЦųԵ棬ͨһ绰ȥ
ϰǲһܳɵѧ
š
ˣǷҵġ赭д˵
ϣԵһ͹ɵˣ崻ˣ
ϣĿãȻ
Ľ
ѡ
ұˣˣ
ã绰һͷһȻŻһ֡
ллɽ´ԺþơϹҶ˵绰
Ȼͨ¼绰붼˳ԣ˵ڣͨȥ֤ȥ绰ȥԻ棬ˣԾħԺγԺʿҲƭġ
ԣˡ
˵꣬΢Цɫص˳ȥҲ³ʳԡ
ߺ󣬳ȭͷ
ˣ£


ڶٶʮ ̹;
ȨӣɶأпճһԷô
ܳ뿪Һ󣬾ֱӻصԼԤľƵ꣬ȴ˸绰Ȩϣܹһ㣬Աĵᡣ
˼ܳɸ磬ҽԼˣе¡ҪҸ绰Ȩˡ
ҲаɡܳȻеʧҲûдȨ¡
ȻٴϢ˵룬ܳɺǷذǰıʼǱ˳ȥд˼д֡
Ȼ̫֣ƽ˾ƵĴϣ
Ŀ֮ģϷĺüģ̣һһǰ
ΪܳѾѳĹǿƼܣģ⵽ȼ
ԣ֮ǰ˼ģ̣Ϊ˴ﵽ¶ȼġ٣ûµĸ֣ûѧƵĸ֮ǰܳǲȥģʲôܵˡ
ҪѼܴﵽ¶Ҫһɷġ
ܳȡ˺üΣͷ֣ڴ¶Уȡɣû̫ģֳֻĵоܹﵽ
һΣܳɾͶ˵ء
ģḶ́£
ģ⿪ʼ
ӵмΪʵۻٴܣȻĵʦΪġʦ֡ټĵʦ
µʦؽӼ㣡
δѧ֮ǰͬ뵽ٴ֮Сң㵼ʦʦֵǵĴƾ֮£׾ٵõ˸Ȩޡ
Се˾ԵʣܿڿȽ΢еס
ĵʦ죬ĵһԽʵٴ⣡
һ֮ٴɹ⣬ѧƵ֪ڽ֮õ΢Ƶٴ⣡
һǰʿҵõ˫ѧλ֤֮󣬱ɹԺ
֮ڵλ½˵һң΢ѧơ

ʮ֮ѾΪ˹Ĺǿǣ㵼ʦٴŶӵʦ֮ϣٴȥԭڵĵʦʱĵʦܶ
ġǰʦ֡Ρ
ʮ֮ΪʡȫΪĲʿʦٴģʼ߷壬Ѿʮ͵ٴ⡣

ʮ꣬ġǰʦأȥݷʱǳźס֮󣬾뿪

ģ
ģۣƽӹƽӹţһƲƽӹʵһΪ룬ȴκͻԵĽ
ɻ¼ܣ
Щܼõļܣϲ϶㲻ϣܳɶѡȫμܲ˵һѾͨȼļܣѾӵȼܵܳǰʲô㲻ϡ
ǣܳɵһͨģ⣬ʵıʡ
ܳΪе㲻ˬ
ģһΡ
ģ⿪ʼ
ӵмΪʵۻٴܣĿǰĵʦΪġʦ֡ټĵʦ
ܾǰʦĽ飬ǰʦǸõģѾպúˣѾֲ˼д̡
һŭ֮£뿪ħܾ˾֦صɳУصԭ֮أʼǱĹо
һ֮ˡ
һ֮ɹõ˵һٴ⣬ңС֧£㴴˵һԼҽе˾Լɣǹ˾ڵܼʡ
ڵĵλΪʡ֪ĹǿƿңҵڼȺڵĿڱУΪΪмְơ
ڵλʡݵ֪ѧҪؽƸΪѧҽԺĽڣ߼ְƴܾˡ
ͬʱλ֪ڸϣд̵뷨ٴξܾ˵Ľ󡣡
ڵĵλٴһλרҵ˲ţҪ㹲µ뷨һξܾˣԼѾнƸ˿ŶӣҪ
ʮ󣬼ѧɹѾԶԶʡݿвԤڣһβɷ֮УȷʾˣоʽȫԼʣûõõҵκĿʽ𡣡
ˣרܱʹá
꣬ڵҵɹУҺܿͳΪ˹ڶͷҽеҵÿȡרøߴʮԪ
ʮȥ˹ְְǱĽѧоڹõʵңҴ˹ΪĿŶӣÿзԸߴڡ
ʮڵĹ˾ٴȡ˵شзͻơͻƣɹʮ֮ŵڵĹ˾һԾΪ֪﹫˾
ʮӹ˾ݣҰѹ˾İٷ֮ʮרãΪơ㹫ڹ˾רõʹü¼
Դĵ㶼ÿӯİٷ֮ϽԹҵ˾ܾеѧȼԺУƸ룬ܹԾڹڣȻӵĸԭ򡣡
ʮ꣬޼աȥ֮δȥĺѣΥŵԣ˵㲻Ըκιѧĸԭ򡣡
ΪӰ޴ڵĶλʦѾȥ˶꣬Ȼ˲ĥĺ󱲣ѼԹޣҲ޷׷ѭ֮¡
ģ
ģۣ°һͬһֻ°ǣΪһ£һȻԼ硣
ѡһ
֯ؽѧרез顣
֯ؽѧר÷з顣
CCϲϵоչ£
ܳɺԥѡһȻ󣬽ģ֮ܳɲЩƵشȨĵ绰ûʼεģ⡣
һ֮ܳٴһ𣬵૵MD
Ǹ˰ֲǸ˵׾ͽ׵ô
ټƨܳǳߣҲеơ
Ҫ֪ȥħʱƽԵ˵ġ
ҲҪĻңʲô࿼ԣĹƻԲҽԺȥȻٻʡԾͿԡ
ĳҰԲ
ʲôоͳأҲòμӣöߵһ
ֻҪشȥȥˣȥǽһĭһӵĶˣҾȥšȥҲ˵ˣԼѡԼ·ҵĻûѡ
ҲϲȦӡ

ƽڵЩϡڶԻصš
ܳɵʱƽڵģôħһ˰ɣҲƵʦ֣Ʒ϶ܹŵġ
ɽզأ
֮ܳͬȥħǱȥ˶Ȼٵʵ
˭أǶֵŮǸˣܳɲ׸ô
ȻܳҲ֪ôһеıʣΪҪħɵġ
һܲһӣ֮ǰҶֻΪƻزȥһħȥ˼֮󣬾һжˡ
ڸ׵鶼ˡ
TM¼ҹ˵ħӶˣҪҾټ
Ȼ˵ǹϿ˿ڵģҵʲôأ
ܳĵطڡ
ңܳɵЩô绰ȥƽΪƸ״Ϊ΢еСŮ˼飬ܳ
ҲȥϰűģϾѧġ
ǣǲʣѧ
ԲԸ̣ԲԸ˵Ǳ˲ˣֻԲ

ûԼȨҲܾ˵룬ǣһСʱ֮ǵָܳɷԼϢ
ܳɣпôͬѧ˽Լһʡ
ǲھ۲𣿡ܳɻʡ
бȥˣҲ౻ϼ绰лȥˡںŮҵ绰ࡣĽ͡
ỹŮѣܳɺʡ
ӣô߰Ůѵģ
ЩŮӳһ
ȥȸȣߣ㴮һơҲ԰ǳԼܳɣҲǾܳħģĿǰСţˡ
ֻǣԼʱȨͻص绰ˡ
ܳҲֻȽӵ绰
绰ܳɸ磬Ƶ㡣
㲻Լ𣿡
Լƨ뵱ûɣȥôġ
ܳɵ΢һ¡
á¥µ㡣ȨҲû˵ʲô͹Ҷ˵绰
ܳҲֻʱƵ˶ҪӦԼȻȨһȥˡ
˵ڵģܳҲطģͱȨһ΢еĵطҲû̫ע۸񣬽ȥֻ֮⡣
Բͭ̿ȦӵˮҲûرĵϡ
ģպ֥齴Ҳպġ
ζĲܳɺȨ˺ü֮˵һǾȽϹ񫣬ȥԼպϰɡ
Ҿÿԡ
»˵ϺܳɺȨҵϤĸо
ܳɲʣȨӣȥ˭ˣ˳𣿡
Լˣ˵ʱб䣬ںȥԷˣû취
һĸڣҲ֪ģ½е˾ǲ̫ܹƵĽڸеóģѭ򽥽Ȩ͵
ܳɲ̫ŵ͵˵ͷ¡
Ҳֻ̫£Ȼѳû°ɣȵơ
ȨתͷȽһƿۼٶĽ㣬Ȼתͷʣ
Լң;ûɶ¡
ùܣ϶˷˰ɣ
ʵҲ㷳¡ܳҡҡͷ
һжֻģģδػʵЩʲô϶ʵҪЩʲôĻδе̫
ܳˣ⿪İ취ҪôȥϣҪôȥƣѻ˵
Լֵӡ
Ľף
ǣܳɶƵĹϵǺǿصģϣ֮ŵôһݴ潻׵Ŧӵġ
ңܳɸӲԸ⿴ƺϷĿȻƿʲô⡣
Ȼٳģ⡭
ǣôһ㡣ܳһСָָ⡣
ЩɣһֿԣҾͲħˣҪȥ֮ǰľѧĸˮ̶͵ҽԺ
ȨԣǺģȻѿһӣƲƲ죺Ǻǣ
Ȼǳ˳飺ʦķѧܳɸѧõģһֱŵġ
˵ܹѧ˭ȥħѧҽ
Ҳôôܳ´һ˫ӣȻصݸȨ
Ȩûҽӣ֮ǰ˵Ŀ¼ˮ³˳ͷһ£˿ڿˮ¡
Ȼͷɫʲô仯ɫȴʽڵĵʦ׿ڽģ˵ֲҪ˰ѧ
Ҳ׿˵ɣߵĽڱⷽ˼
ȻߵĽܱ˼һڵ֪ʦѧǰ£Ϊǲflagġ
Ȩӣ˵ɡ
ⶼʲô°
Ҳˣ˵Ҫֱ㹫˾ˣܳɺ̧ͷ
԰ҪʱӭҾãǲˣҲôһʽĹ
ⲻ˵ҲԸ㣬ǾãϵֱӳΪ˾¼ϵǿԺȲҪһ¡
οڻڳҵĽ׶ΡȨ̫࣬һֵܷ֮Ŀɳ𣬸ġ
¼䣬ܹϻһ𲻳ģֻӣֹϵ⣬κ˶ܱ֤û϶
Ȩ˵ô˵ǵ㲻ˣô㰡ʹ㣬һӾСҽԺɰ
ôߵͨĿǰĻǣѧϣҪְƣѧ¾͵øѧǻǶơ
ȨͰʵ˵˳
ܳʵ˵ⲻǻڵһ飿ǣȨĻҲһĵģûѧΪ֧ŵĻ
Ҫ£ͻڵ̣㹻֧磬ȥ档
ˡܳͻȻȨĻ棬Ȼˡ
ΪģҲãʵҲãȨȻûһιܳɡǣô˵ÿ˵ĵ̲һôͲһ
ͺܳɣյõģʱҪõһͨļܶѡ
ڣģ⣬ܹﵽ֪ڣ֪ҵҵĵȼ
ǣˣȻҪۣΪɵĻֻۣĻۣǿ͹۵Ļۣͺñȣѧרҵȵȡ
Щ۵ĻδؾҪôľԣħԣھҲԡ
ͬģɳУҲͬԡ
ܳɾãԼȥħһȦ˲ٵļʶ
һܴ
ڶǿ׵ġ
ڶ֪ǲϹģҲǲܳˣǣһʵ
Ǻȵɣ˵ЩˡܳɾЦЦ
׸ƨŶסȨȰܳɵľƱȡ
Ȼŷǳطܳɸ磬Ͼ磬ҶǺѡأʵ˵ԲѵĻһӵ㻨ǮҰԲ˶û⡣
ǲӣ֮֮ǰһֱԼݣǲϣ֮䣬ⷽľסΪνĲȼ۵Ļôͻϵϵб
ҪﵽϵϵĲб͵ôﵽͬһƽ̨ͬһˮ׼ǲͬƽ̨ȦӵƸ߶ȣпƽཻġ
ͺñܳɶԣҪרҵȦӣѧȦӣҺȣôȰѹҼٱҲֻܾϰ
Ҳý
ܳɸʵҲһվλãڵ㣬Ҳеġ
ϾˣܹڸԵ򣬻òƸɵʱǾͲʲô齻ϵбˡ
·ϣԵʲô
Ƕʲôˣ¼Ļ䣬νΥĵ˵ĻһЩûϵġ
ҵҲᱻΪѰ
Ȩ˵꣬ŰѾƱ˿˵ƨˡ
һȨȻһһȥ˿
Ȩûеأ
϶еġ
ܳ˭
ʡݡĳءĳĳ顢ĳҵĺӣũģɽеĴɽ
ǽңһ߳˴ɽ⣬ܳɻܼܲʶسʲôӶδء
ڻԺʿ˵񣬾ǰټȥһԺʿһĽﵱѧ㻹ģTM˭
ҶҪ
ΪԼ˵㱾£˵ҵı죬ԼȥˣҾͶҪô
ûô£磬һ¡
ңȨûеǣԼȨԼ˲ƸɣôԼԺദĹУͲֵܳɷˡ
ǡӡĳɷ֣ΪֻиŶ쾭顣
û֪ȨǰܳɿǣڵܳɣͻûʸȨ˵ġ
ΪĲƸϲϱ˵ϢϢָder
߮ҲҺȨ֣ܳĿǰﵽĿ͹۳ɾͣȲ߮磬߮ӽ˚G
ôһĻܳɾԽ
ȻǺֵܣǺȾƣźȵףȵͨ͸ܳҲͰһƸˡ
ȨܳɵƣȻٸԼơ
һúȨһ¹һ£һֿʼ̳̫Ҳ̫ϡ
Ȩ˵أ˵˵ˡ
ܳԵĿǿԳԣ˵̫˵顣øɻǵøɣ˭Ҳã˻һһƤ
ȻҲ֪ܳɸʲô£µʱкһҿ϶ͦġ
ܳɱȨ˵Ļ΢е㴥ˣ΢һ֮ܳɲ˵Ȩӣǹ˾мô֣רŸзˣô
аԼзŶӵġȨء
ڵе˾ҪзŶӣҪн˵Ŷӣǽ˵ʣƸоͲʿβƷѧ˵ǹ˾ڲʿĸнƸġ
пսйһ¡
Ҫд㶫ǵܳɰʾ
ȻҪĻҪһģھͲúʡ
ѧרҪе͹۵ӯܳɾ뵽Ȩôȣ͵úȨúõദһ¡
͸ոյⷬȨ˵ܳɵ
ʱȨ϶ǲ֪ܳо޴ģԸıĹ˾ġֻǵذܳɵѶѡ
ûⰡھھһ
ϴ绰Ĳ˵ܳɸ硣
㷢ҪõĻûϵǮܽ飬ʲô¡Ȩ֪ʿҪµģǹ˾Ҫڶߵ
߻Ǯܳݣȫʲôÿ껨ڲƷѧƹͶ룬úܡ
ʲôвƷѧƹͶأ
ǣĳҩƷsciĳʣЧʣӰӣǲЧòá
ȻȨ͹ȻǴԲѵذǸʿйˡ
Ǹʿղʱ򣬶Ȩܳɶ˶Ϊӵġ
ֻǣܳɺһ֮ʿ΢Ϳʼ𾪺ͻֱţܳɵҰľȻô
ֱӸһѧĲҵ
ʲô²ҵ
ԭûйؽڼģΪ˹ؽûĳΣȻſʼؽڼ壬Ȼ
ֻǣһоͺ̸ô飬ⲻǷ
ʿеˮƽģܳ˺һ֮ܳɲҪٶ˵ˡǷǳʽصʦϰ壬ġ
Ǻ飬۵飬ӰʮشҪ㱨һзƵˣȻһݺЭĿ棬Ȼϸ۰ɡ
ϰ壬λʦǰɣҾͲǳԷˡ
ʦʱҺϵ
˵꣬ʾ뿪ˡ
ֻǣ֮ܳɲȨȨӣʣŵùɣ
Ҹոպ۵Щ⣬ֻǱȽǳԵ⣬ԣǳ⣬ҲǿлᲹȵġ
Ȩû뵽ܳɻῼǵô͵ģܳɸ磬ҵˣ϶ǿסģµļӡ
ʱ棬ĻҲúܳ׵ģҲδӵõ
Ȩ룬ĸոƾôˣܵ⣬Ҳܲ
Ȼôܽأ
ܳɸ磬ļٵģжԺǹ˾ȨȻ̫ǸոܳɺǸʿĻһЩֻǾ÷˼
ţȨӣİɣ⻹ܿ𣿡
ֻǣһ̶ȵĶĲʣģͶĵе󡣶ĴˣʧٵǮǶĶˣҲҪܵܶķ飬һЩĵƺơ
Ȩ㲻˵˭Ҳĺ°ûˡܳ߳ȥĵһܳɾԼ
ѡ飬Ҳ൱Ҫġ
ȨĻǲýˣʵܹصסȥе˾ġ
˵ôô˵е㺦¡
Ȩ˵ţ촽ʵʿҶ̫ǳĵĻҪһݱңֻҪǳƻıͺá
ԣҪһҰҪеʽȻҪпӻȻ㻹ҪŶӽʵ廯
Ще֮Ҿа취еЩҽеϣʼˡ
еҽеһ֮ǾͿͶʹˡ
ҽƵеҪٴģǸеֲеǲҪġԿٵذĹ˾ȥ
ҪԿ㡣
ҴԤһ£еװǰͶ룬ĳɱü˹ãӦֻҪǧ༴ɡ
Ȩ˵ܳɸ磬ʵⲢǮ顣
˵ʮûҲûˣûϵ
ǾͶðɣͦ㣬ҲܲܳɡңΪ²ɹ鷳ҲҡȨԼظ
Ⱦơ
Ⱦơ

Ȩ֮ܳѾˡ
εģ⣬ܳѾǲȥǿˡ
εģ̣ܳһѧС
뿴β˴£һֻоɲܹﵽ¶弶
ֻϧĵȼҪ¶壬̫ˣûһ˼·Ļķǳѡ
ң֮ǰѾֹģ˼·Ҳпʧܵġ
һʧܣûлýչ
ܳɱҪȥƺģ˼·ˣ˼·Ҫġ
ҪܳȥףŬضһһз涼һ£ȻźͨȥȡͻԵĽչ
ֿܳСʱ飬һ֮󣬾뵽˯С
ϡ
ܳɾͿ˰簲Ϣ
ܳҲûᣬ֮ܲ꣬󣬲ŸҪȥҿʼһֵѧϰ顣
ʵʱѾǼɳеĻħ
³ˣʡһϰ߾߲Ű˲顣
߲ܳţ԰ѡ˳ȥħܳ˵ϣܳɴӾħĳһϣĳһʱ̡
ԱߵҽԼʱ򣬵ʲôӡ
ܳɵ׻ǾϲأǾأ
ҲҪȥϰ࿩ػ㱨Լг̣Ҫȥϰ˰ֻǼϰĵطħѡ
ڴ֮ǰķӾѾˣĸæģԿ֮󣬾ͿõˣȻѰȥ
ڷˡ

ʲôܳɲ֪ͬģܳھʲôҲǲ֪ġ
ϣڿҵ·ϡ
ܳؽӵϴĵ绰
С𣿡绰һͷһΪ
ܳһͷ·𿴵ˣƽ˴һƬ˵ǸͷԼȴ䲻ȵģ֮ǰڴ绰ʱϵ̬Ҳһ㡣
ɫǿ
ʦãܳɡʦ𣿡ܳɿʡ
ɻ֮ǰɻ֮ܳɶϴ˵绰˻㱨ϲûж˵ʲôֻǽܳɺúѧϰ
ԹˣСǱߣӦùûðɣ
ҿǽӵ˹Ժʿĵ绰ڵ绰棬ᵽ㰡һαϣʹ뷨
Կó϶Ϊӵġ
Ͳ֪СԹϵӡ󣬵أγԺʿȻȽϺͰףǻݣȴܳɵеȴġ
ιأʦ̫İ
ҾȻû̫ġ
ǣʦǲǶûιҰ
ʦʵҺܺιİ
ʦǲû̫˼ܳɻǲ̫ţԼᱻγʦš


ڶٶʮ 벻ˣ
ʵҲǲ̫ţֻǲԸš
ϾģʵȻ໥ӰŵģҲһĲԵģ
ǸСܰʵҲӦ֪˵ˣ궼δйѧһȻʵҲΪСޡ
ħ󲿷ֵ鶼Ѿ䶨ң˵ʵСܡ
Ҳǲ֪츳ãٴ츳Ҳãרҵϵ츳Ҳã൱ġ
ǴľڵƷ֮ǰҪ˽ԭϡˣἸĻֳܷ㡣
ҽѾʮˣ͹ݵ䣬ֻһֱû˶ѡ
Ҫ㣬ҾҪķѸʱ˽㣬ȻƶĽѧƻͰţǰʹߣ˶ѶһӣԼ
˵ûеγ˵ٺȴǳֿ
Ҳܳɵһγ̸Ƚ⡣
ԣܳפˣͨеʱ򣬾ͣ
ţʦҾ˵еܳɿػظš
Ȼզأ
ܳɻôأ
ģôΣ֪ˣʧͻµ£ܳȻʱܱըıԵδȥγ˵ԼԸѧʵԸȥĸʦĽ飡
֪γܵòӣֻһͨͨӡ
֪
ܳɻŬȥγ˵ʱȫԸرԼֵҲرżоݡ
ΪܳΪһʧôεˣΪڰҽԺˣ֪һõʦΪɽԼķչжô
γΪʦ˶εƽڵʦǷȫǲһġ
ڣʱܳɶһֱΪ˽ΪԼġ
ãܣҪԼ˳Ϊ·Ϳ԰֮ǰǸ
߾ٲãȥñʿԼȥ˶εضоȻתԡ
ΪʲôΪľܹγΪʦ
Ժʿ
ʲôݣʲôɽ
ôж٣
ܳɾûԹ⣬ûܣ֪ȥٶһ¿ԡ
ᣬΪʲôȡأ
ҵҵ飬ʵʵд£⣬ʵ飬ʵʵˣϣܹԼĵӴ㣬ܹ㷢¡
ڣ֮ҪӦ߮μӾСѵ࣬Ϊ֪ʵҺģϣԿҲ
һѧգҵ˼
ƺⲢð
ܳƺҲûԼжôģֻǾеʧ䡣
ʧ䣬Ȼͬ澳̶ȫͬġ
ƺ΢ԥһ֮󣬲̵˵СܰһҪôһⰡ
ƣҵѧҴ꣬ҵꡣĽӴҶѾǷǳ˽ˣʲôزʲôˮƽҺܹܿ
ĵҴһ֣ʱⲿֵӣá
С㣬Ҫһʱ˽㲢ҸӵĻҵʱ䲻á
ƲɼãȡҲ
Ȼ㣬ҲʲôƣҲˣ˵츳ߡҲû
ֻҪͽֶҪǳķѪԴġĿǰôԴҲûôѪˡ
Ҷԣ֮ǰʦͽ֮Ե֣йʦͽ֮ǣв֮Ρ
ԵĻСܡ
ʵԸƼõʦԴŶӵģҲ㡣
˵⣬ָ˸ոյ˵ǣȻҲۣӦ˵ȫؽ㶫ȴǿаߣʵһ˽
٣棬Ҿã˽Ӧиõء
ƽ˵˺ܶˣ˵ҪߣҪͽܣûӦΪҾƽĻί
ȻʼʱƽҸŵʱҲƣ۽ˣѾˡ
ڣõѡǣϵģѧϻᣬĿǰԴƽ̨Ƿǳġ
˵ͻǰ֮ǰ·͸
ȻأһǻƣȻٰƵһЩٷָһ㣬ͺһ˼һġ
Сܰҵ˼𣿡
˵֮ǰܳɣγҸָĽڵĻôڣܳˣγĿԡ
ϣҲ
γѧԺԺʿôûпԼ֮ǰֵôһأ
γôһֱûرԵĸԭڰɡ
ѧʵûôףҪѧǲͬġ
ƣʶˣǾûɵġ
Ըⵢܳɣҵޣ䣬ֲɵġ
ˣЩ֮ܳһεظĳƺ
ʦˡҲˡ˵ţܳһ
һʵʱܳɺʦĳʦڣܳɾãγǵʦġ
ⲻγں죬ں֪ڵʵһ㣬֮Ȼһʲôʦ֮
ϺƽŶӣûϿô˳˳ˮˡ
˵ҵײʵѧϰпʵ
ԣСܣԼһ°ɡѡĽǶȶԣҾãӹϵĽ飬ǱȽϳϿҵġ
㻹ǾԸĻôҲǲ˵ߵģҪóԿͷӣսӡγһεرԼ֮󣬾عҶ˵绰
ܳɵ̬ʱ΢Ȼ
ڣѾˡ
ϲԸԼ׽ԭ򣬵һʹˣʱ䶼ûôˡ
ڶǣԴûô࣬ܳҪȥľڹߵĿӡ
ܳģϾǹⲻϲԼȻṉ̀Լ߾ǣֱӰԼһ˿ڷ֮ġ
ôһϯܳɵģΪ̹
ˣ˼֮ܳɾֱٴθϻز˵绰ȥ
ֱ֮ͨܳʵʦո˵Щ£ʦ֪𣿡
һûüġⲻ
СܣߴߣˮʹһӵĿʵûʲô˵ġ
ÿһʱﵽĶ㣬˹עģôȥģȤˣࡣγֿοܳɣҲϣܳһȽǵѡ
γϯܳɣͬҲ˵ܳɡ
ԣܳɾЦŻصõģʦҾĽ飬ҲǷǳϿҵġ
һôóȻľܻῼǸ졣
γγ뷨ͿܳɣʵҲԼľңͨոγĶԻܳɾãԼľȷġ
ȻҪúÿǵġγԣֻҪܳ˵΢ɶˣѾԲˡ
ں飬ǾǹӦˣһĶѾɶܳɣĻҲû˻һԹѧԡ

ܳɲе˿ҡ
ֻǣ˿͸
Ŀγճ̣΢֮ͬˡ
Ϊ趨˶ҽѧСѵ࣬ǣҲ֪ʲôԭ򣬹ϻ;ѴƵϵͳҲ˽
⣿Ǵһʼ˶ҽѧСѵѵҲܹǰ׼ģܳ
ȴظһɵӵı飬Ȼڴ͵ĽѧҽԺÿŶһʱؿתѧ״̬ģѵǾԺģ
ʣȰܳɸò̫ˡ
Ժǲܳɻ治ֻǣھԺٴŵĽԴǺǽѧҲãҲãתͦ
ǣ֮ǰɳаҽԺʱҪʲôѧ鷿Ļϼҽʦеæˡ
ҹªšܳ˫ŸǸԼ̫֪ˡ
΢һ˵ܳɣҲ˼
鷿ˡ
˵ʲôʱ͵ˣȻͰܳɵ˷ֿ飬ֱ˿ĸ¡
ǵģҽԺ˶ҽѧĸ飬ĽڳĪɿսڡƷڼͷ⣬һڡ
ȻܳǷǳɺϡرŽ˹ϵٴģȻ˵ķ飬ĺ⣬ֵĪɿս顣
ȻˣҲǵص˸Եȥ鷿ˡ
鷿úܿ죬Բ귿󣬴ҾͲ־ۼһ𣬶ңѵ࣬ͲֳСʵѵˣ·Ǳ˴һ
ҽԺоͲʿ˲롣
ҪѧԱͳԱȻܳɵ˶ֻǹ۹͡
յĿγ̰ţ죬˶ҽѧרһСγ̨̣ͨľ̨ҷ֣ѧԱĻѾǴﵽ˷ǳʵĳ̶ˡ
ԣںļ죬ǻڼʵ˶ҽѧĻϣһЩѧƵĲΪƷϣ׼Ҿ͵ѧϰ;Ϣʱˡ
죬ǵĿγ̣ɷֳС̨
ֻǣΪ˱͹ظ׸γùǣĿγ̰žǣһڣ˶ҽѧš
ڶڣĴš
ڣֳרϻۡ
ȻˣҲ׼ܹо̨Ҵ㣬еѧԱֳ飬ÿ鹲̨
һ飬ơС顣
ڶ飬ܳɡᡢ顣
飬ǿƽڡǿƲʿǿ˶ʿ顣
໥ڡ
ǲǸ˼Щߴû뷨Ҳ
⻰һʱܳɵ˵ԿǶ崻ˡ
ɶ˼
˵֮⣬ҽԺˣҲμӵѵ˿ⲻʼĳɰԼгͻ
òҲͻʼŵÿ˵̨βС̨Ҳֻܹжʮ̨
ڣ죬ÿ̨ʮ̨
ңҪɶ˼ͶԼѧУôţҪӮ˵ãһҪˣе㶪˰
ô룬գվ
ܳɵȻʲô
ǰ̨ǳ˶ҽѧ̨ͬС죬һϰ
ᡢԼҽԺһʿˣ˵ʵ£̵ʱ֮ǴͬСġ
ֵʱԼͬ־ʱͶǸĲʿͶȥĿ⡣
ʵɲǱģ϶Ҳʵǿ˲Ŷԣֻûл뵽ѵûʵ
ֻǹϿΪ֮
ǣڽĵڶС֮󣬹ǰɧһĻˣ
ڶСǴר˰
۵Ĳˣ̧˽
Ȼ˳ţȻǣһ̨ҽԺĲʿѧڶ̨Ȼ̨
Ȼֻǻ˶ҽѧ
ΪǿƵоˣԶǻȫԾˣȥѧϰѧƵļܡ
еĶܿ죬̷ǳ˿ãһεܳɵĴ̼£΢еֵˡ
ǳذѵһ̨Ĳˣпλڹ̶
˵һ̨֮
ڶ̨ĲˣǱͽңѾǴԤ
Ȼ󣬾Сƶıһصŵڶ̨٣ʼǵǰ׼һ˼ǻʲô·ʱ
ֻǣʱˡ
ΪҽԺǸûпƬǰһ֮
ûеûϴ֣û̽
һ˫ף֣ڶ֣ҲǿĽһ𣬿ʼַλ

ֱӾкɵˡ
˫۶ʺŵؿ˹ϡ
˿Թ۵ѧЩѧƺǼֲƵģһ㶼⣬·һУƺ˵ġ
Ҳ˵̨
Уѹúܵ͡
ܲͰѲκãǾţƣûɶ˵ġ
ֻﲻк֢Ǿɷʣ
֪֮ǰ˹пܿԽַλ·ģֻڵϣַλӦ·кص
ڣٴͨͼԼе֪ʶȥжȻǾãҽԺһ̨ˣʺַλģҪԤģ
ʮ֮
C͸ӵĽˣ
ַλɹֹжι۴ﵽ˹ܸλʯ̶ӸǳǣԱơ
֮ʱҵ
ŻӣҶ϶Ԥݺ˵Ƶġ
ƺ˵ɫ΢е̣ȻǶ֪ҽԺΪ˸ԼеˣСֶΣǾǲȸǣҪַλġ
ⲻһӾͰѱƸˣֻƺУͳƷ
Ȼѹܳһߡ
ıģ˿еˣʣᣬܳɣַλô죿
ֱпַλ
Ȼ˰ǣ̨ĹϼͣҲԲַܹλһࡣ
ǿ϶ûλȥġ
пɣûλȥǳҽԺЦˡҾãǿܾǹڵڶ̨˿ӣڵ̨ѡַλ
Ȼվǣһ̨ǲַλӦģַλӦʲôţһˡ
һ˳¿ֱӰ̨׸ȡˣҾֱˡᡣ
һ˵۷ַܹͣλҲԼװ֪ûҪ̧һ֡
ῴ÷ǳͨ͸Щ·뵽ˡ
һ̨пλڶַ̨λγĶԱȣǣҵƷʽ򵥶豹档
̨ܳɵѡַλȴʧˣҽԺܸõشţˡ
豹ʽȻãҲ̰ŶҲҪӦŶԣ֪Ӧɶɶɶ
ȻһȺСûʲôζģˣҲСĻô
ζ͸Ũ
ʮһ͵ľԶ浶ǹľ
ҲַλȻĻǾǿ͵ˡ
ѵͲڴǿҲɹؽַλ֮ôܳ΢΢һ̵ʡ
۵ַλרҵİ졣
ܳɼ˽ۣѾ˵ˣ㲻ʣһǾֻ˵èأ
Ǿè£ֲˡܳνص
ֲǽȨģҽԺַλھͲˣ
ᱻܳ˵ˣһ֮ʣܳɣʲôʱʼ
ȥ׼CۻܳɷԸ
᣺
Ӳ
Ҫ

Ҷܳ˶ȥϴֵʱҲǲ³ˣܳ˰Ҳǿ֮ǰҽԺַλʯ̶
Ҳַλʯ̶èܹһ
ϾһжǺúƵġ
ᣬʢ
һеİţڰ֮С
ҶҽԺˣԴҶ֪һ̨͵ڶ̨Ŀǰַλֹ۷͵Ӧ͡
̨Ҳܳǵһ̨þͲڡ
Ҳ˵ƺǰӦ˹ҲַλĻпܺҽԺ˴һƽ֣ûӦ
ܳС飬ҪѧҽԺһַλʱmeȴģֻǾϲûκε⣬Ȼһܺõ۵Ļᡣ
ҲҽԺµһٴ⣬ǰóʰһ¼֪ߵغе츳ˣòǲġ
ϣҪѡַλ˚G
ⶼԤ֮а
ǿʤǺġ
ѡһΣҲôѡġ
ûϵַۣλָ㲻񾭣ǰ˺˴ſˡȻҪڣİȫǾͶǵˡ
УǾͲ˰
ѣʱʱ棬ǣȷشʽɡַλǿ϶ˣǿԵĸλǿ϶а취ġ
Ҳǳ츳ˣɱǵĵĸˡ
ã

һϼһ̸ʱ
ҾͿˣܳɺˣȻ͸λ֮
ֻ˱Ƚ΢һ
ȻҲûܳʲô˾ֱȥCۻˡ
⶯ͼƣ֮ǰҽԺ˽ַλǼƱͺܳһ
Ǵǰʱ͸һΣϾпǶǰƽƬûô졣ƵһڣԹϽ͵
ϣǱȻռƵģǰ͸һΣҲΥͶ
ù˶ҽѧ̫ˣ͸㲻ƵһЩ͹ˡ
û˵ֻǷǳϵظŴ󲿶һߡ
۵ж͸ӣǻĳʶΪǿƵĴҵߣ˭᲻֪أ
ֻǣC͸ӵƽƬ֮
˶ɵˡ
ţ

ھѧҽԺڹǿõҽԺ֮һǹڹϵĻˮ̶Ҳ˵ԼҽԺãֻ
ʱ򣬴Ҷܿó۵ô۸λָôȥôȥ
ǣôһǳ֮ġ
Ǿһ̨ǿǲַܽλģô£Ҫַλòã͵ͨȥˡ
۵ֻٴ־ǻ֫ʹ͡쳣ֲ֫Ρ
ڹ۵£Ƿλʹͻ쳣ǿ϶ڵģ۵ĶǹǵԺжϡ
ˣʹ޷
Ծֻܿߡ
ܶ˶Ŀɿڴһͫ͵СţŬѰŹߣֱ۾еʹ󣬲ҵ
ҵĹߡ
MMPŶôַλ󸴲ĲˣҲôң
⵽Ǹʲô͵Ĺ۰
ôһ㣬ôһɣˣǲԼϤǸˣΪǸ֮ǰĹǣ
ʱм˵ģʼ΢΢ţͬСĲ˹ߣͣתͷҪ˵ı飬ҪƽƬûбP
˿ʼٵذǰƽƬŵCʾԱߣʼԱ
˰Ŀۼܳɵϣֻܳߡ
ոֻһλƬҪλƬ֤ԼַλǴﵽ׼ģʱҪȥһC۵ķˡ
ǰ֮
ܳ˵ĸɻ󡢲⡢öĿ⣬ʼղλˣλʦͬѧ΢ÿ㣬˰
꣡
CۻķԴһʾͳ˹۵Ĳλͼ
ȻҽԺһȺ˶ʿоʿоҽʦڵ˾Ϳʼ⸴λCʾĽʼо
ǰĹ۷ʲô
֮ǰⶨǲַܽλģڵĽַλôǲ֮ǰⶨַλӦж̰ȱݣ
ַλַǲǻܹһĲأ

ܳǴȥʯ̶ˡ
̶֮СֻŵɫŹֵĹǰ㱨ʦѾǵƣ˿ɷ̨ͻز
Ǵģ̨ܲڲ˶ҽѧĲˣҪƵ
أƵȺˣڶ۹ַλӦͽ֢Ļȥˣû˸ϻ㱨Թֻȥʰ
ȥȥ
ҡ
Ȼһתͷϻλڲʱ˵ϣҡ
˵䣬ͰĿܳɣ˼ǣϣҪӴ֮ǰԼɣе㲻̫Ǳ˸Ӹġ
ճƣӸˡ
ʵ˾˰ɣڿӵ˻֪ôģԣںܻţû취ôĻ
ô׼е£ٴԼܶ˵Ĺɹܶ뵽Ȼ
Ӱģڴݻˡġ
ϵȻҲ֪ĿǰƵŵĵ㣬Ƿǰؿ⣬ǳĴַλİ
ɽأ
ƽġ淨֮ǰڣĵ˵ҽԺǵһǵڶ϶ռݵ˾ԵȻġ
ϾַλĲࡣ
ӣʵġ
˭뵽̨ʵǲַλأ
ǣ˭õΪ޷ַλܳɵȴַܹλأ
̾һ
ĵСʡ
ϣǻ׼ʱμӵġ
ǵʣ޷ش֮󣬲źʡλڽ͵
ǲ˵ʲô飬Լ֮Լ˼Ҳȥ취ֱȥʴ𰸡
Ǽõ˴𰸣Ҳû塣
˼ĿĲһҪϵõ𰸣ڳ֮󣬵һʱ˼ӦԲԡ
δǶԵģǣ˼ȥӦԵʽȷġ
ã֪ˡ
ȥڶС˽˰ϵ
ˡ
CʾĽ϶ܹʯ̶ģҿԿ϶

εѵ࣬һڣÿһС
ÿһСŵ
ֻǰڵڶڣڶСѧΪַλԵʣ÷ǳ졣ΪһЩЩ⣬췽Ԥװʱ̡
ȴˡˡʱ̣
˰ʮӣܳɵ˾ͱ˳κ˶ûжǽоͰ˹ϡĪɿյˡ
Ϊһε¼ǾãҪܳɵ½й۲УĻ׳ַ¼
ͱĴƣ
ֻǣ͹ϵڷǳؿ۵ʱ
ҵˣֱӷǳĵظܳĴָţƣܳɣҷ˵
ûôţվܳǰȭͷ˶ܳɵؿڣ΢΢ͷҲˡ
ȻƺҲ˹˵ԼĽᣬ֪ܶǣˡ
ԼжΪַܽλĲˣרڳĿӣΪǳġ
Ȼ԰ǶַλӦ֢⣬Ƿǳ̵ġ
ڣòƳ˵⣬Цˡ˵ơ
ǺЭģΪˮ̶ҽԺôͬһѧУҽԺľ֣ҽԺĻЦԷӣͻôЩ̸ʡ
ܲգ


ڶٶʮ һٷ绢
ô֪ˣǳơ
ϴΣҲ죬һԷʱƾˣǵĴʦܻʱ仯Ĳ²⡣
Ȼ󣬻ľͷĪɿ滻Ȼϣֱ任˴ƽڵһĻ
˶˳Ļͷڷ
Ҳ֪ǲദøϤЩܳɷ֣ʵƤô񻹵˰Եļܵ㡣
ﰵ²ۣľǸǶɣ
Ҳԣһȥ֤²Ǵġ
ĻվԱߵУʱ˷ۡǵƤ΢˳ȻƤϵҲһһأ˺һƺ
촽ɬζ˻氡ŮѾء
˵ԺŮ˵С
Դӷֱƣʵʹ󣬲ѧܺоͿʼƵʲôͷˣͷһЩϡ
ǲôģû취ԼԴʱ򣬵һͱ·ʹ꣬Լʦ֡
ܳɡתͷƣ˸
Ŷ
ʼ塣
ƻֶأ
ָ׳˿ҲǽסôֱӵĿ⣬΢е
ûػĬˡ
ҲҪʲôΪЭҽԺֱĿǰӵIVȨޣԺ˵ǰ;ںЭļʷǳԺΪڡڡ
ԼһҾŮʲôõģѵԼͺܲô
飬ʲ
ֻܳЦЦﰵƲܼҵĺӣֵܴʵܷ߲Ŭ·ߣ
ѣǿԽġ
ܻܲһⰡǾۼһģεѵ࣬ġ
£ðɡƹһŰѻߡ
ҲǸȽϿÿˣûϽжϻ⣬ԸԼĻΪĹͬˣͺ׺ͱȥ
ϾܾЦˣһҶһ棬ؿ㡣
ǾͲãһεѵ࣬ԽԽô
Ҫ߻⣬ȻȥǿŤת⣬̫Ӳ˵ģһʵϵ㣬ôһۣвУȷĴ򿪷ʽ
ԣΪѧԣܿҵϵ㡣
밡ʼֵʦȻٳֵĪڣǴƣڵĿγʣִЩ΢ľʡ
ǣҪ˵뷨ʱ
ʹϵ
ⰡҾǿ΢һ°ǲǸһȥȥʲô
Ȼ⻰һܲ۸һСʱ˵꣬ǵʱ˵أҶأ
ƣУҵõûпһѣܹĸСʱֱӿĵطô
˵ţһ¡
ҲûѵбȽϺõȥ
֪һ΢е룬гȥӦңҰλ÷ȺɡһҽԺĴ٣Զܱ߸Ϥ
˵ϤΪ˶Ŀ
Сܳɵ˶Ӧ
ʵҪĲȥʲôôԣЩʲô
ʼʱ򣬾ƺԼˣۼһЩʲôԸʹȻǣ໥˽֮
ʵҲô°ˣ˵ͬˣǷǳ͵ģֻе
ȻʵǷǳǿġ
˵ħСѵʱۺ֣֮ϵġ

ﳵϵĿĵغ󣬾ͷƻĻԱԱֺ͵绰󣬺ܿͰһȽСİᡣ
䣬гֶ΢еӲˣݣůˡ
ȻŻȥߴ򳵰ɣﳵ̫ˡغľûдů⡣
˲ˮȵȺȻٵ˲ͣԤԼϲ˵ʱʮ룬ԻһСʱʱ˳ҳԹ󣬻кܶʱ졣
ãҲе䡣ﳵеʡ촵ֱ֣ͨ졣
ŵλãҲġ
ȻĿǰΪֹ˶ԸԵʵ˽ˡ
ܳɣƣ᣾У
ǵģɧ·ʼʦ֣ôҶʵʵϣҲˣ
еˮƽ棬Ӧ΢ġ
֮ǻ࣬ԵʣƣУ֮ǰ˵εѵ࣬ԽԽףʲô˼
첻ǻ˵пִʵѵô
ʵԽǿֵĴʦԽ
ʼĴʦǸְƣרҵǸְƣоԱְơ
ȻĪɿգĪڣְơ
ΪʦǴƵΣĿǰҲǽڼ޽ӽԺʿġҽԺĹǿƣҲͲйһԺʿ
Ǻ棬׻Щʦ
Ļ˵꣬˲ʹ̼С
磬ʲôвһԺʿΪԺʿǴײﶼаз˷ۣ΢
ҽԺۺʵǿļҽԺ棬ˮ̶ųƹǿʵȫһǣˮ̶ĹǿƣûԺʿ
ѧҽԺѧҽԺС
ȻЭҽԺҲԺʿ
ǣˮ̶ĹǿûС
Ȼ˼æص
Ҫ˵ĻǿҲûУĿСָָܳɺᡣ
Ȼ˵ȫĶҽԺܹܶ࣬Ժʿģôȫȵù
ħԺɽҽԺԺʿģħҽԺûеġҲֻܾǰûԺʿȥҽԺҺòãǲ̫ȫġ
һ㣬ҽԺĳһҳ˸ԺʿôҽԺҵܺǾͲԵͣԶԣۺʵҲ
ˡôһͣԼΪڹںء
ʵҲ֪ħЩҽԺԺʿЩûС
ôһϣû̫˵ˣץץͷ˵Ҿͻû̫⣬ΪʲôҪôź顣
ȻһʼϾϣ齨ֻһСѵĻôαҪôأ
ǵ齨СѵĻôΪʲôԼĿһѧԱûأ
Ժ󣬾˵ҵⰡѵ࣬޷Ŀġ
һΪǮΪ
ǮῪСѵֻ࣬ΪĻӦûٻһ㣬øһȫ̵¼õ㡣
ûҵĻλԾͲǺףϵͼʲô
ǻһ㣬ϲΪĻôذһɶ˼أ
˵⣬ҡͷոĻˡ
Ʋ⣬һεѵǴʵĻôصЧʾе̫ˡһӾֱӵ˿εһ㼶ˣأܹٳֵĴʦҲǹ컨ˡ
ǵһ󣬺漸ûʲôڴˣ
ʵһС͵ۻᣬ߾ѧ飬ѵˡ
ƣȻǱιԾٰѵģǿܲܶѧ˽
淨˳ѧĶĻôеΥˡ
ƵЩе˵ɫֳʧ֮ɫ
ϾΪѧħ󡢸󡢺ЭĶԺУѧʲôѧ鰡꽻鰡μӵÿˣÿʦϼͬѧװƣˡ
òһһģôµСѵֱֻ࣬ǸһѧĻǾûɶڴˡ
ΪʲôҪѧϰأ
ĿľڱԼѧУܹõ֪ʶΪˡ
ҩҲ֮鿩Ҫеѧ࣬Ƕ̶һʱ䣬Ҫ׼׼ǺܳġипҲҰοͰοһˡ
ѧҽԺۺ͵ĴѧҪ˵رʺͱһʽϣʵıġ
ңʦǲרҵʦģҪôǽڣҪôԺʿǰᶼҽҽıʹβˣôйȥоôϿεĻڡ
ػע
ɼע˹ΣڣǶǹĲˣҪٸߵĻֶѧ飬ȻĻǺʵķԾġ
ƽַGУոע⵽ûа
ǣڽ⼸СϣҪʱǸҽԺĲߣҲãǼʿ˶ʿҲãǵʤǿ
ƺǲȥƵģãǾǰǲȥˣܻʲôôأ
ѵĳԱǣʲôô
ƵĻʱе˵üͷ΢΢һ塣
ô˵ˣô¡
밡ҽԺΪ췽ѵѧԱȴûǵˣһǱ;ĽԱǲʿʦˣôͨѧԱأ
ԼѧѧԱôڽ⼸ογУΪҽԺҪôĻǵôŶأ
к˰ѵһ̨ڹ̶ˣȻͻȻܳһַλһнڼֵġ
ֻΪ˴кЩ
ԲģҽԺýڳΪڱϿӮкѧֻıĻ
ôͲҽԺˣҽԺˣǣѻˮ̶ͺЭĹǿŪ磬ȥҽԺС
ֱǲм飬Ȼˡ
³
˵ƣͲһŮ֪ʲô
æͣиͬѧǹǿƵо֪Ĳ࣬ҲãŮѲǹǿƵġ
ңʲô˵⣬ֻȥҸָĹϵԼȥĻ̫Ȥ˰
Ҹҿ϶ôţһġ
ܹҳıʲôĻǾͲ˼ˡ
ƵĻܳɵԿ΢еʹ˵ҾãȥǾЩʲôȫûҪɣֻѧϰѧԱԼ鲻ͺˣ
ܳһǣ£Ҳ£ñݡ
ѧϰʵܳǱŽҵ֤ģԺԹȥչ˶ҽѧ˭˵ģ
ϣĿǰ˶ҽѧ컨˵ģһ䷢֤飡
ڹôſγ̺Ϳƣαȥôأ
ҡͷܳɣ˵ĿΪѧϰ۵ͬġ
ǣѧϰδؾѧϰһЩ˼άҲҪѧģ㲻ãϡƷڡĪЩˣܹʱڵ㣬ôһѵࡣ
ⱾͲĲ𣿡
ЩȻؿܳɣĿк˵ְƽʱֻѧô𣿶ȫ˼޹ص飿
ʲôʱ
֮󣬵һܡ
ʱڵ㰲ôһѵ࣬кܶ˶ҪӰӵΪογ׼ǰòԴףܳ¡
ȻһԺʿֲֹһ£ⱳ㲻þͺ
Щ⣬μѵ֮ǰͿǹˣϣѵƶʲôǴػġ
ܹõջ񣬲ջ񣬲ȻĻܹõջֻҽԺܹõջѡ
飬ܳɻûӦ˵ǰûȥ˼Ϊʲô⡣
ÿΪʲôҪᣬΪʲôҪѡĩأ
ΪʲôÿῪĵص㲻һ
кܶΪʲôֻܳɾãԼǸСȥĥôأ￪￪£
ֻǣһκӴܳɾͷˣЩƣϲϹĥ
ٻ仰Ǻϲ鰡
ܳû취ش𰡣ȴܿذѻˣ˺ˣǲҪ۵ογ̵ƶȵôΪֻз˿γ̵ƶ֮󣬲пܸογ̿ҪĿġ
Ҿܳɿ϶Ҳ˼ģֻû˼𰸶ѡ
˸С
ȴѾʽ뵽֮ȥˡ
һ˼·˵ҽԺãǶˣʲôôĻôЩôǵʦǲ֪ġ
ĺô϶ǹģǱȽ˽ܵġ
˽ܵĻΪʲôҪҽԺأ
˵ҽԺĽڣѧЩѧУѧԺѧˣܹкôʲô˼أ
Ȼ㿴ʦҺһ顣
ô˵Ҳǡܺߡ
ѾǵڶˣȻڶ죬ҽԺˣܳز뵽׼Ƶľġ
ԣǡ


ܳɵڿʼͷչʱ
ѧҽԺĳһ
ϡƷڻһͲˡ
С½ðǳӭܹϺƷվС½˴к
С½ˣʵһ꺺ӣһװˣĿƵúܺã˿Ҳʱġ
վȻӭ˹ϣϴкϣ££̫ˡ
ƷãһͬϵĹУƷкֻǵ˵ͷǺϤ֡
Ʒ½ǬˣͰѹϷмϡ
Ȼϲ˵С½λعгжðûпգھһʱأ
ϾҲ
½ǬԣվػϣλعŰҡ
һʱˣֻڹڵĵһվңȻҾͻȥϼһˣϼֱӷˡ½ǬݷǳϸµذԼг̻㱨˹ϡ
£˵ֶ½Ǭ˵
½ǬֵͷȻƨŲϣĿŹͽš
Ʒ״пС½㲻ôнģùϣ֮ദģʽøӣӲϰߡ
飬Լѡûʲô
½ǬֻͷȻGƷڡϡ˵ʵһعԲľƷ͹ˡ
λڿͻϼֵˡȻʵҲܲ
λʦ֮Ǭһֱš
û飬ˡ½Ǭ˵úʽƤеڣҲ΢е㳤֡
˵˵
ǰģǬݣǰϹذ㿴ܴܲ߼ûԵѧæ½ǬݺƷ˵ĻȻѻתϡ
ûϵһֱãڰңôҵѧҵҵҲġ½Ǭνصƺز¡
Ʒ˵С½ҲôһֱæǵѧܹڹǶȹһβȹӡҶǽˣ˵һֱò
ȻϾ˵һΣǲ˸㣬С½Լѡ㿴Բ
ǡƷͰ͹˵İ˵һ顣
˵֮Ʒ͵ˣԶһ츳õġȻ齨ѵĿģҲֻΪ˸ˡ
ҲнѧģͰһ죬ΪѹѧɲӦ
½ǬԣϵͷƷڣ̫߿ˡϿοԣѹѹ˰ôרҽڡΡ
½Ǭ⻰󣬾Цŵѹס½ǬݾԿѹס
ֹȥʮ֮󣬾Ͳ½Ǭѹסˡ
ƷҲ˵ͷǰڳȥ֮ǰҾûʲôԽˣڹôãѹסģ
½Ǭ˹ϺƷ⻰΢㶣ûΪϺƷڵĿޣԵãʣԹϺƷ⻹Ҫһƽıô
ǲе˰ʮǰпܻ䣬ʮ֮˰
Ʒҡͷϰ֡
æġ
ֻϣܹһԼϲѧҺƷ͵ġʲôԵ飬Ͳ˵˰ɡ
һ֮ǰǼ۸ˣûɻ۸Сֵġ
½Ǭݳ
Ҷ£ǣų˺ݻ˭ʤ˭Խ
Ľǣ½ǬݵʱͰΪڵĹϸˣԴ˳ȥ
ֻأ½ǬȻ˳˹˳ȥÿعһΣȻպܶ໪ѧ
ڣ½ǬӵеרԻȡרãǸеġҪͺܶ౶
ǣǾͲڻ
Ϊ½Ǭ˵ˣҲԻ壬κεר
ûκλλΪУٷκε£
뻪κҵٺκҵ
ǣ
ܹʤ
½Ǭݣʢºԡ
Ϊסڶ˳κá
ڣ
˭½Ǭݻع飿
ƷЦЦС½ⲻڿЦ
½ǬݣƷ͹϶ˣʮصģҲǷĵ𾴣
ϣƷڣʢ̫¡½Ǭֹһ˲˺ֺܶܿ챻ʰɾˡ
Ҵ˵صزȥزμӻʱС
ƷڣҲСȻ½ǬݿʼԼ
½Ǭȫ磬ÿҪμӵѧ飬Ŀγ̣ʤҪɵĵطҲܶࡣ
ǣ㡣
ѧ
ÿһˣúܶ˶һƬ
ʵ½ǬݻڻѧԹٷݳֻ֣ôһѡ
໥һ
½ǬٷǳòʣƷڣǸҰŵĽʲôûμ費Ҫ׼һʲô
ǵģ½Ǭÿѧεʱ򣬶ǰнεݣμֻ𽲡ĹУԼ˽
ΪѸ壬֮ҪһμΪܹѿγ̵Թ̶ʱɢԵ˵˲ȥĵطҶûףǾͲ̫ˡ
ãǶ׼ˡ
㲻Ը˵һĻǾͰϿΰɡС½أ
Ҷԡ½ǬݷǳǫƷ͹϶ˣҲ൱ľأ
ǾͰɡ
ŶˣҪڿεĻڿεǹؽڡǴˡС½ôѡ
½Ǭݿһ˵Ʒӣ֪ƷôǹģҲû취ܾ
ΪܹϽڿΣƷ͹Ϻܶζɷѿġ
ϣƷڣҸطһ𣿡
ȻԵĶĻ
Ѿų˵ˣڷ϶½ǬݰŪ
½ǬЦЦˡ
ȻǳòضԹϺƷҾȥҵطϢˡ
½ǬϢĵطҲȽ˼ǾǣĳһС䡣
Ҳǣ½Ǭݳ֮ǰסĵط
ʱ½ǬݣסڿôСطһסǺü꣬ȻųȥҲŸࡣ
ڣǸС䣬ûҹģ½ǬΨһĸˡ
عʱ͵
ϲʳҲǹϵϰԳĵ

½Ǭ뿪֮Ʒ͹϶˲΢΢̾һ
ϵƷǬݳȥж˰
ʮˣڵǬݶʮˣʮǰʮڿסнӽꡣ
ҡҡͷ̾һ
ϧϧϵʮֵꡣ
ǰƷҲ÷ǳϧ

ϣܹмСӣܹСǬ⣬ûܰƻؼòˡϺȻп
ƷȴҾúѰϡ
Ǭݵδ鲻ȢĵңԸ̫ǣ˰
Ͳ֪ǵĲ²⣬ǶԵġ
ǰǾãǬݻ꣬Ȼͻɱˡ
־ãǬݿܻھ֮󣬾Ͳˡ
ڣ
Ƕ֪ô²ˡƷпţȦȻе
˰ɣһԵˣһЩǣͻ롣ϸпȻֿʼô档
󣬹ͻȻһGƷãǸСܣ
ˣ˵һ룬ͻȻѻϵˡ
ܳȥ½Ǭеѻʯĸо
ΪȻܳڿģ½Ǭݵȴһġ
ֻҪڹǿڣĸѧҲãܽӵסǸұһĴڣ֧˺üˣʱ򣬹Լ˶ҽѧϣ½Ǭݡ
šϣʱ䲻ˣҲ΢Ϣһ°ɡƷοһ¹ϣȻͲٿˡ
ǿ˿½Ǭ뿪ķ򣬻ر˫Ŀ

GôʲôܳɵȼˣǳصƵĻظ
Ϊ˵һ¾£ȥġŮѡ˹ϵȥ֪֪ˣս
ƾ͵ûأ
˵꣬Ƶĵ绰˼¡
֣£㲻ҪٴˣֻѾûˣڲٳţѾʦˡ

ƿϢ˶ɵˡ
ȻֻĻƿžô¶˵ǰ
Ϊӵˣǹļߣ˼ĭ󣬵ƣԲ𰡣
˼
ҲӦ֪Լǳ˸⡣
ȴ侲طģŮ֣ʶҵġҲͬһġ
֮Բ£ǲϣҺںͽ롣
ʹˣιǿƵ飬ӰܴG
Ҿǿ¸Եʦô£˵ܹʳʲôǾأƿеˡ
УܳԼĸˣͬʱҡҡͷ
ҿǻǱϹ˰ɣǱΪвԼͷеˡ
ЦĿǰõϢƵŮѣԺʿүүԺףʦҲԺʿ
ڣֱӱԺǺʦֻʦͽϵ
˻ʲô
֪֪֪Աˡ
Ⱥ˱ơеһ䡣
Ͼ˸ԼںŮѶʧˣȻԼʿˣⲻԼһ˿
ԽľԽܺè
ƾͽ飺ҪҲȥˣһֱɣ˭ȡɷܾܹ֪ˣ
㿴ҽԺĿģ϶ҲԽԽ԰ɣ
˵꣬е˶˵ͷ
ǣȴ˵һȽĵ⣺û⣬ܳҺһֶ֣ô죿
ҪһŶӣҲδͬⰡʱ𣿡
ԣɫһ첻
ˡ


ڶٶʮ ˭ĵƣ
ܳɼٴʱ򣬾͸оĿϢ֮ǰļڿãֱ˷
İȻΧͬĪɿյѹŲͬǸƵĽڵֲһ
˵Īɿֻǿθ˵ĻôϵĽͻȻֲ·εѵ౾մȾһ˿΢ɲʤ
ΪڶҪʼ·ҪӮƵСӣ͸ϣܹӮˡ
һʱ˾͵ʾңȻ֣⣬ȻʱҪ࣬һҪࡣ
ȺУƺ˺󣬷ǳض֣Ҳ֪ǲΪ֮ǰദ֪ƺж˵ĵӼãԾ֮ġ
ȺУҽԺĲʿӶλڣûٳ֣Ľڣ˭˭һôЩ̫
ţܳɵ˵жͶȶʼ
ҲΪԽԽ࣬˵¶÷ǳнֱһԲ
ؼǣܳɵ˻֣ǲ˵ʱҽԺˣҲϲ˵ô˿̵ķΧͱΪе졭
ܿ죬ʱָ㡣
ܳɾͷ֣ȻʦֻˡϵǸֵĽڣǳһİˡ
ƤԺڣ촽Ժһ˵ȫ£͸¶һɸ
ĳ֣ܳһִǾִĶˣ͸ӵġ
֮һֱʹ˹ϵԱߣһԲһԹ顣ɾͨı飬ͨĶҲǳıһ
Ϊò˧Ϊܵ
һϵԡ
һ˵ʣΧһӰ졣
˶ڴ˭ʱ򣬹ֻ˵ǻҩ½ʦСΣִ̽յС̨ҹƻӭ
ϵĻȻӭĹâ
½ǬݱվӹͲҽܡ
˵һ֮磬ûдԣҲɳƣܸɴࡣһִ͸·ʱ̶ܹ˹һ㣺½ǬݣǳܹΪߣһֺ̽ѧϰơ
½ǬǫȻ˵ʹһֺ̽ѧϰȻ󽲿֮ǰӣγ̵ݶpptʹϡ
ǣֻ֮󣬲Ҳã½ǬԼѾѸ彲˺ܾˣҲͲPPTˣֱӶ½Ǭݿ
½ǬݽݣѾǴӴ˵ﻯѧ֣ȫϱƵġ
Ḷ́˴Լӣ½ǬݺȻţһ㶣ȻЩƫˡ
ŵ㿪һҳPPTǼ۵ķͰɣ۵ķͣʵǺ˼İ
עᣬۣô尡ôȥƬ
֡㡢ȵصļ֯άǵĳɽǲһ˶켣ǷͲһأ
֮ǰһ˴ŵġ
ֳԶˣ֮½Ǭһ䣺Ժ֧߷չķݡ
ڶƫˡ
ǣܳҲãҲãڳһЩˣܳɾͷ֣ĪɿԼƵǸڣ糡εĴͷ˿̶ǹؾصġ
ǵӣҲڷ곡Ϸ
ܳɲòֶελ½Ǭݵɨֻüȴûȥ˼
½Ǭٴδ˵˼·Բ𰡣λƫˣȡһΣƫ
ǸЦҲΪԼ̫س֪ʶƫжԼź
ϵû˵ȻҲƺûΪ½ǬݵĵǸͷǸԶűʼǣ̧ܳͷ˿Լڵˣ϶űʼǡ
ұʼǲη쳣֡
ҵѧϰǺǿİܳɸп£ȻͼȫĵͶ뵽С

һС׼ȷ˵ʮӡ
½ǬֻҳPPTȻĳʱˡΪ˴ѵĽѧ飬òֳѣ½ǬݲŲؽ˽ΣҲǴⳡʢл͹
ѧڴ˿֮󣬵һԵľǹϵУȻƷ
ܹɱˣôλ˺üƵġ
ѧȻؽһ䣺ϣƷڣǴ̵ѵã滹˵Ҫڽɡ
ѧϰѧϰֹ֣ǲЦġ
˵ƿ϶ܵԼˣҲҪ
ΪˣеݵĻ棬һͬ㣬ǾҽҽķǲˣսǼ
ͣһ١
ѵ࣬˶ԳڽѧݣΨѧ鲻ԣҪµġ
ϲ֮⣬Ϊȡ
½Ǭ⻰æͣˣ˫ֱȭ˵˼˷˴ҵʱǰɣ
½ǬȴԼԭΪѵǶʱġ
Ͼ͸Ͻ˵ⲻǣûϵ
ĿγɣڿΣ͵Ϊֹˡ
Ȼ½ǬݽPPTݣǣ½ǬѾݣʵѾϵͳȦѭˡ
ǾһԱȽƵ֪ʶϵĹܡ
ֻǣ½Ǭûʱټȥˡ
½Ǭݾ˵õģϡ
ٴѧ٣Ҿֻأ½ǬǸεġʱڿνʦԣʵԴ̶
νԣǰд̰ϤϿεˣõͿϿΡ
ǵĿγ̰ǣһС̨
ʦһ̨ѵѧԱǣһ̨ʦԸĻôֵݣǿҵоһ̨ذŵĻƶȽ˳
½Ǭݺԥ˵õģϣǾͼ֮ǰĴƶȰɡ
ҷҵ٣ѻøѧǡƺоԣᵽжôҪԸŲҷǳЩܹüá
Ҫһλ߻һλ𣿡½ǬʣǷǳϸҺܸˡ
λҪôţڵһλĻ᲻鲻Ҳˡ
һλĻôĲǲֲüȥˣ

ϸ⣬ܿͶ
յĽǣƺڵһλȻܳڵ飬ڶλ½ǬݴҽԺоͲʿ飬λ
Ϊ£һ½Ǭݿʼ˺󣬾͸ѹ
Ȼ˵϶εСѵаŵģǶ½ǬݣȻúܡ
Լʢ֮ʱרҵ½Ǭݶսܱ½ǬݺѹмˣȻûԹ
ǣôֻҪ½Ǭڵĵطܶ˾̧ͷ仰ġ
ܶ˶̫ҳ½Ǭݡ
Ǻ½ǬݲŲôţԽԽǫ
֮󣬾ȥ˲ˣ˵Ĺ̲ΪҪǲͽѧˣҺܿЩ̣λѧҲԶһһĿǰ顣
ϸò˶ˣһ¶ᱻˡ
ڵһ׼ʱ
Ʒڸ½ǬݽͣС½һˣֱơкֱںЭˮ̶ĹǿԼҽԺ
ǡ
½Ǭ󣬵ǺЭ棬ڵѧеʦǽзǰɡ
ҵǣЩ𣿡½ǬĴ٣ҾԼӴĹǿȽģûӡ
Ʒͼ͵Ǻġ
أҽԺĸڵѧأ½Ǭָָ֮УǸĿ;۽ϣЩ¡
½ǬôʣƷɫһ
æ˵ҽԺѧĿǰʦĪɿսڡ֮ǰһֱںѧҽԺһ߲ɡ
Ŷ½ǬݻȻˣԭǱԺѧôʶûӡǾͺˡ
ȻĻ½ǬݲԼʶЩѧǣڣȻܹǵ֮ǰҽԺһʵϰͬѧԼʵϰʦʦǡ
Ŀֻ½Ǭı¶ѡ
Ƕʦǣô½ǬݺְܿѻתƵط
½ǬϡƷʱ
̨ϣͻȻͻת
վ˱ԵǻһӾվλϣȻѸײڶ֮ƣȻֱӴⱾƺ˿ʼתûʽ
⵶;
ƺ㶣ûӦڿУͻȻðľ޴ѹȸкҲǲòˡ
һʣܳɺ΢һ㶡
΢ܳɵʣܳɣʦʱλɶ˼
ǣܳȴû
Ϊ˿ں棬ǳؿ
ڣҪеֹǹۣǣʽȴǣûпڡ
һۣһıۣʵСпڹпλڹ̶ı֣
ǲĿʼλҲãǲĹҲá
ˮƽԲʼֵ죬ֳˮƽ
˵
֣ܳס룡
ˣڵĿǰѾϵκһʽ
ĲˮƽҲǼΪġ
ģϵͳĵȼĻ
֮ǰʩչĻôոʩչַǾǾͨˮƽļܵȼ¶߿ʵ
ʵǿϸֵġ
ַҪĲ
ˮƽĲͶʡܺ⡣
弼ܵȼҪ֮⣬ҪʽǷ뵱ǰѧϳϣǾ
гǾ¶
ĿǰûʽҳĻôǿ
Ծ
ܳɵУ˸֮ɫ
Ϊܳɣһʵڿʵ̨ɶҲ൱ߣˮƽôܳԼһȽϿ͹۵ˡ
ΨһȱǣַǷȱһӡ
ţ˵Ŀ⣬ҲǱͻȻĻȥ
ܳʮصؿ֮⣬½Ǭݣ˿Ҳ侲ͳţȻޱ飬ǣʵĵĲǼġ
½Ǭ˸ԱߵĹںƷˣ΢е̨˼
ôѾķһˡ
δڹ½Ǭǰţҡ
Ȼ˵δܸذ½Ǭݴܣǣ½Ǭڲ£˵ã½Ǭݾأ
ңΪ½Ǭݰ˵һ̨Բй䲻˼
½ǬܹͶ䣬صڵĻôе׼һеƣֵõġ
Ͳ֪½Ǭݻô롣
½ǬֻҪܹͲŻعĻǲģ
ɱ˸ɱˣҲ
ΪڹڣһҲûõĻ
ͲһֻһµĹˣз硣
ûһųӵĻҲԸôͷ
ԭҲǵߣһΪһܵ˼
½ǬҲûô񣬿սǿ֮⣬ֻ꣬˵ԽܼƵս
ȻһеһУֻ½Ǭݵ˵ǣĻ᲻ʧܣ˭˵
½ǬݲԼˣǺ˿ó˵ġ
ֻһֱϺƷôһԸѡ
Ϊ½ǬԻعĻôڵһЩļ۸ٿһɵɣ࣡
ܿ죬½ǬݾԵسһ
ȻɫȻͣû֮ǰôˡ
һֱȫ̹ע½ǬݱĹϺƷɫһ΢еȻ
ѵ½Ǭⷽô
ⲻѧ
ĿǰϣʲôŶӶԹ۵Сппλڹ̶Ⱑ
ѵ½ǬݶҲôԣ

½ǬжôֻҪǹǿƵսͽӡ
ǴҲáؽҲáҲա˶ҽѧҲá
ֻҪǿأκһʽκһŴµʽҽӡ
˵һ̨ǰû½Ǭݾˣй̫ѧֳ˵ľˡ
С½ą̃ôʡ
Ϊ쳱Ŀʽ֮һˡ˶ҽѧ΢ķչǴԺԽԽĴп𲽷
֮ı϶ǰ֮ġ½Ǭݺɻػظš
С½ãܹһ̨ϣ𣿡ƷʵֱЩ
ֱȥˣΪ˺ܾõ顣
½ǬݿһƷƷڣΪѰ͹Ӧǻ˴ľͲɣ
ʿɲҿóǿһġ
Ӧѧϰʽһ֡
½ǬݵΪһȫš
Ʒ˵ͷ½ǬݵζúܣЩͨһ̨ܹó
½Ǭݾ͵̨ϣҲܳǲܵ飬츳еʱ䳤ȵĲ࣬츳ıֲġ
ܿϧ̨ƿزٶϰһصĻҿܻ䡣ǣڱֳʵĻ
ƵĲȴǻиõĴ취ۺ֮£øõԤͬҲпڵĳȡ
˵ʱ½ǬݾֱվƷڣϡ
˵Ҫֿظλһ顣츳ңҲϣΪҹȦ飬ûҪ
Ҽ꣬⼸þѧϰ۷弸꣬Ѹҡ
ǣҲϣΪҶûˣиõǰ̡
ҲҲɣҲҲ˺ʲô
ܹõ½ǬôߵۣϺƷ˶ǳ̾һŻ˵
ҲٴΪɫ֮һˡ
Ҽģ֮⣬ٴɫǿȫܵˡ
ֻǣ
˵̾һ
츳Ǻã½Ǭ֮࣬Զ޷ֲġΪ츳½ǬݵĻôͲܺϣ
½Ǭݿ˹ϺƷǶ˶Ҳ̾һ
ЦЦϣڵһʵͦõġ
ҡҡͷ̾ǰ

ʵһ˼ˣһĹؽ츳ãΪ˽£Զǰ̡ȻĻܹڹؽϣɵԹԻġ
һҵһˣ˵ǰȫܵĻܺЬǹǿȫܣȫܡ
ίϣǰ;ԶѪרҵǹǿƣΪ㡣
ϣġ
մýȥҸĸ˳ֳ֪ʲô۶ӣַײĸ˾
Զ˸дС˵ȥˡ
ɣȫ
½Ǭô˵ǿɬһ󣬵գʲôû˵
ŬжٿԣЩ鱾пѶѡ
䣬˭ûй⣬˭ûй澳㲻ףҾ͵˳㣬¾͵ˡ
ԼµԣҲһĵߡ
ƣҵ
ƣҾע˵ġ
վھʱзʲôأ
QNMDνζļҹ¡
ǻΪ˷Źңôɡ
ҲΪ˱ңԲŰǣôˡ½ǬݵȻʮϣһµͽֺһԾƺУΪе˼
½Ǭ⻰ȻϣڹȴǼΪģ
Ϊ˷Źң
Ƶĸףθùȥ顣
߮ĸĸζΪ˷Ź½ǬݣôӰ
Ϊ˱㣬Բɰô
Ҳܡ
ȫ½ǬԼôģѾǼΪ˵뷨ˡ
ڣ½Ǭݲᱨ硣
ԣûϷƷп
Ѿ׼˺ܾõɱˣ
ǲܳɵĻô½ǬݻعĻᣬԽԽãˡ
½ǬһЦŬͻлᣬռڳꡣԿڣǴûңǸҵ¼񡣡
ֻ棬֪ġ
㿴˰ɣʼˡ½Ǭָָ̨ϣԵüͷ
С½Ŀ֮ǰԹ۵ˣ㶼ܹ׼ȷ֪Ըʦšһֱھš
ƷͣеС½أһӶͶأ˾ȫλĴ
㲻̷Źоκһ㿴ˣڲ֮ءǹ֪ڵóϲ񡣡
Եеѧһ֪ǵʦУ֪Ӧˡ
˵Ķ԰ɣС½ʵһֻûҪ䣬䡣
Ʒ˵ʱľ
֮ԻᱻôΪǶ½Ǭݣͨһϰߣ̿
һʼͳ˵ģûմȾϹڵ˵ϰߣܹ½Ǭݳ䲻⡣
֮ǰϵﻰһ
½ǬҪ䣬䣬ǿʤģôͲ˻ʤΪ½Ǭݡ
ĿֻĻ¶ѡ
½ǬһЦûػ
ҲǱظ˴ˡ
Ҳû˵ʲôֻĬĬصĽ
һεظ˶һ̨ΪƯؿԵʽˣӭЩ̫֪ģϼҽʦĪɿսڡ
ĵͣںҵĽŪ
ģСܲСӡ
츳ܺá

ֻǶ΢΢һЦ֮󣬾ĬĮ̆ȥˡ
һ̨˭ΪԼˡ͸ո½Ǭݶһۣʹ½ǬݵУһ˼
ò˵ˡ
½ǬиõĽʽֻû취ͬһʩչ˶ѡ
ǣ𣬻˵Ĳεˣʱ򣬿һ͹ˡ
ҳúãǣҿиõĽ
ҽÿһ̨ظģ

֮½Ǭݾվ˳ԴʦݣԲĳɹ˵ˣ̨ش󣬿ֵúúõؼ
Ȼ½ǬҲû˵ģֻ˵ڶ̨Ŀʼ
Ȼܳɡˣߵ̨ϣʼǰ׼
ǣʼǰͿڵܳɣᣬǲҪˣʦص̫ˡ
ǲûкƣʦԲˡ
ˣܳɱȽϳĬԣ˵͵һƥ¸ߵʱ򲻶ð
أܸ߰ˣ˵һʱˣе⣬ʵﻹǺܰˣܰ˴֮ˡ
ܳһЦ
һ
ʼǰ׼ɡܳɷԸ
Ϊ֣ҲֻܳɵķԸ
ֻǣϵĹУǷ֣ܳɾȻҲҪѧʼ۵Сппλڹ̶ʱ㶡
ҲҪƤ㷭Ƥ
ǲе㲻ʣᶼãܳô㣬е̫߰ˡ
ʦ˭
ϼְƣڣоԱְƣʿоʦôˣţƵû¶˲ˡ
ʱѧе㶫ʩЧ˼ô
û£ԡɹˣҲ˰ܳһЦ
˰ɣ
ͬʱܳİ
Спóˣ
ôܣббˣôˡ
ֲǶˡ
˵ˣͲˣ

Ȼôʼˡ
ҶܳСֻĿĺ֮󣬶ǾԴ
ܳҲȻʼʩЧ
Ҫѧ˼ô뷨
ٵĽڣ뿴ܳɵʲô츳ٳѧϰ
ֻǣڶ̶֮
˵񣬶ʼ΢΢
Gܳɣѧãô°
ԣҾͶʼ
⺢˭
ģ
ʦ˭
ͬʱأϺƷҲʼ
񻹲ŶٳѧϰС½ӦòɣȶƷ˵ģʱᵽ½Ǭݡ
ֻǣ½Ǭûᡣ
Ʒˣǰٳѧϰ̫ǿˡҪΪ̵Ļ֪ʶѧǼؽ
ܳɣҿͣӦòǶʮɣ
GС½͡
Ʒ½Ǭһ䣬ûش
ȻƷתͷ½Ǭһ¡
˿̣Ʒͷ֣ڵ½ǬݣվץסӣȻһֲֻϵдд
ʮأ
ңĽУ½Ǭݵüͷĸγһ֡
ǳţԿóǳӮΪԵʱûҪ䣬ΪûҪԭЩˣ
ֻ룬һӶЩ˼Щ˵ĺ֮ϣûҪԭǣ
ǣڣ½Ǭݿʼҽŵ÷ǳ
ӹȥ
ƷѾ͹һֱע½ǬˣԿ½ǬݵĳѾʪ͸Ӵкս͸
Ķͱ鶼ʼˡ
Ʒ͹϶ϵɨڽеûзʲôر֮һЩ棬û֮ǰô˳ôܹ½Ǭôأ
ʮӹȥ
ܳӽβ
Ʒ͹˾Ϳˣ½Ǭܳɷһ̣͵سһ
ȻعͷĿֱؿ˹ϺƷˣǲǲǶұԵˣ
˵ʱǳӣе
֮ǰǸʵֻӶѣ𣿡
ϺƷԿһۣһ˵Ȼ顣
Ҳ֪ûشǺãǸûش𣬲Ǻá
ƺ½ǬݵȴҲǹϺƷĴ𰸣ͻȻһЦ
ϣСӣ׼ѹĻܾܿҪʧŶ
ӮҲӮңһ֣Ǵƽˣ
½Ǭ˵̨꣬ٴο϶ܳɵͬǳʺ
ˣҲվ̨ϣȻԼΪѸ١Ķظ֮ǰܳɺ
ңɶȣܳ޼Ḷ́ʱ䣬ܳɵûв
жĲӰԤ
ԣ½Ǭ˵ƽ֣ġ
ֻǣƷ͹ˣȴδ⣬˺½Ǭݴƽ¡


ڶٶʮ ܵ飡
̨ԣĪɿյΪһֱע̨ϵһһ
ΪһС̨ĵһ̨Īɿվ͵һʱȥԼףСܲ
̨ɵƯǳ滰ʵĪɿոʵǡ
̨Ƿôһϣ
Ҫ֪ӵİҽԺģֻʱġյְƣһжߵĴ
ְƣоԱʿоʦ
ǣҽԺʽԱΪĿ깤أ֮ԵҽԺֻΪ˳ֶ֡
ܹ½Ǭݸʤ˵ĻǾͺˡ
Ϊʱ򲻹½ǬҲãҲãֻҪһܹǳϣľˡ
½ǬϧĻǾ͸òˡ
ûӮ
½ʦ˽ո¶ı飬ܹӮġ½ǬȻʶȴʶ½Ǭݵġ
½ǬݣȻڹΪһЩԭΪ½ǬԼġվλ⡣
֪Ȳߣ
Ŀǰڹ֪ȣɲǹܱġ
ңԴӺܾ֮ǰǰܺ½Ǭݹк󣬻ѾܾöûپٰƵıˡ
ǰֵ׳ʱˣûʤ½Ǭݡ
ļˣ½ǬݵͲСǵʵδرȵ½ǬݱʱĹϣϵ״̬»ʱ
½ǬԽԽ۷塣
ԣܹ뷨½ǬݵĿ;ֵˣǺܶࡣ
һӱƿʼͲڹѧԣһֱʶ½ǬݣҾԼпܰ½Ǭ
ǺܿϧǣòԼ½Ǭݵ⣬΢һԸЩ
ڷǹڵʱ½Ǭǲٲκξʵģû½ǬݹСҼӮҲû˼
ˣڽӵ˹ϵԼϣܹҽԺΪΡ½ǬݡɱﵵʱǷǳġ
ȻԼĹأǾ
ԣֻǺҽԺǩʱĺͬ
ǣҲûϵϾ½ǬĪɿհοܵ
Ϊϣ½ǬݻعĻϣҲǺʱġšģΪĳ֣о˵ʦȤ
̾һεֻ˼꣬࣬Զֲ˵ġ
Ȼ˵꣬һˡ
ǣϴһϵĲ࣬ϰʱĻ۲Ͳֲ
ˣÿһдˣҲȱš
ŵĳɳȻһʱۻ̡
û½ǬݣֻǾźÿʤ˵ĻǷЩʧϾ½ǬݿܾͲ紫еôˡ
Ҳû̫˼ˡ
½Ǭ½Ǭ֮󣬾ֵܳɴӣʼ˵ڶ̨׼
էһʼ
ڽܳɵͼ˫Ŀ˳
ܳɣҲҪ׼й۵Сппλڹ̶
ܳҪѧֳѧϰ
ʵٴֳѧڣ
ʲôͻƣʲôʵ
ͻƣǾԭ컨Ļϣټһ㡣ʵǾ֮ǰδֹʽλ
ٵоʱ䣬ŵгһʽΪľܹΣܹ½Ǭһ
֮ǰ˽⵽
½Ǭݣ֮ôӮʵҪĲĶôɶᣬɶ֪ˡ
ѧϰǿ
ݹϵĵͳƣ½ǬǹĿ
֡ڣܼǵסһܹ
ԣǰʱֻҪˣֻҪһһЩڵķ񣬾ֱӿ֮֮
һ۲۵ţҲǹǿƵţ
ڶ½Ǭݾܹٳظ̱˵ĴԼܣ̵Ƴ̶ȣߴٷ֮ʮ壡
ֻ֮аٷ֮ʮ壬ǱϾһոµʽѧʣһ½Ǭ뿪ⲻһĵطҲǺܹġ
ǣټ½ǬݵĻԼҽѧ⣬ҽѧ֪ʶĺȣܱκһרҽҪ
ΪֻǹǿƵҽʦǷǳҽʦ
ҲУǣĸﲻ½ǬôߣĿǰ̶һڰٷ֮ʮٷ֮ʮ֮䡣
Ҫ֪ĸҪȫסĦвϸڡڼס֮󣬶еϸڽв֣Ȼѧѧȸѧʽϸٽв
ÿһϸڵĿʲôʲôﵽʲôЧΪʲôҪôΪʲôô
ҪӴ֪ʶ
ڣ֪ʶ㹻£԰Ѹ̵ɶȣߴﵽٷ֮һ塣
ҲֳѧϰŻ͸
ӵˣ࣬Ĳࡣ
֪ģֻ
ǣټӵˣҲ˵
˵ܳҲҪոʩչСппλڹ̶и̵Ļֻаٷ֮ʮɶȣҪˡ
ӵˣж١
һһԲġ
ܳɿʼ֮΢еʧˣΪܳⲻĸ
µλλַȫһ
Ҫʲô
ͺˣ
ܳɣӡ̵ģϾһ죬ԼһKOĴʦҲǱⰲŵġ
Ϊܳɵĳ֣׾ٵذܹ½ǬݵĹǺͷ֮ġ
Ҫ֪½ǬȻų˺ݻΪסԼĺݻǷǳģô˰ʤ˵ġ
һ˾ܹذɵˣпܻġ
½Ǭݾͻǰ
½ǬĿǰԹڸָ·ʮϤġ
·ǲ֪ģΪӱƿʼͲڹѧģҲκϤ˿
ǿⰲŵģҲǿˣܳɵʵǷǳһġ
ֹһȵܳɵʽ뵽֮
ɫ̱
ܳɣڸļܺǣԼ̨̨ߣѧϰȫɵġ
ܳɸҪš
ܳôʱ䣬ôྫô֪ʶ̣ȥʽѧϰʽ
ļУɫ࣬ѿ
ͬΪԴ֣ܳɲǸԳһɣɶȣܶȺ͹滮̶ȣöˡ
ڣһ⣡
ǾǡܳɰȻ˵ʱûֳǿ߼ǣ˫֡
ͲԾ
һ˵츳ҪֵĻԷֳϵͲϵ顣
еˣۺܺãȥۻ״̬£ܼ˼ǣҪҲҴѾġ
ҪҲһɣװ
еϵľͣȻʵУĴоģ϶˵ȫûвϵȥ
еأһͿǲþͺܢޡ
ǣȥۻĲ״ﵽһ˵ޣޣ뱾츳صġ
Ĳܣܹ̾ΪֹģǺٵġ
ܹ֮ܶú˿в⣬ĻǶ۵о㹻룬Ͳ£ʹͺš
ǽڵڶ⣬Ǵ϶µƿأ
ǶĲٿأ
ƿغͲٿأҪֶġ
ǣܳھȥۻ״̬µĲҪõģãܳɵĲ״̬Լо˺ü½ǬݣҪŵ㡣
Сܣ
֮ǰСĪɿΪڣȻ˵ڹСппλڹ̶ﲻ½Ǭݺܳ˵⡣
ǣϾǽڰҲйԽġ
ԣͨ͸һּܣʧȥ˶һּߵ͵С
ܳɵúòã˿Բ֪ôģ֪ܲôΪҲл֪ʶúòþָͨĻȥģ
ֹС𽥿ʼ١
ȻĿ½Ǭݵˡ
˵Īڣ㿴Ǹ½Ǭݣʼˡ
ĪɿսžͿһǳ࣬ұ仯Ϊҵ½ǬݣȻٿܳɵĿ⣬ͱøӸ
ˣ
СܣֱǸšȻ뵽СпڹۣĵزҾ˵֮ǰСôطСп
ⲻһˣʱġǳص
Ȼ½Ǭݣͷ֣½Ǭݣ˿ҲǷǳع۲ܳɵÿһϸڡ
ԣҲ˵ܳɣѾе㺳½Ǭ
Լ
ĬĬذܳɼ뵽ԼĶС
Ȼ󣬰Լλã΢ŲŲ
ܳɣ½ǬݺԼ֮䣬Ȼٴһʺţ

ܳɵ
ֵ½Ǭϳˡ
ǣ½Ǭһϳһʼ̷˰ۡ
̣
½ǬݾȻˣ
Ϊ½Ǭʩչȫ֮ǰܳʩչı֣һЩϸڷ棬΢½ǬΪЩطôܻá
ǣ˼·ȣǽܳɵ˼·

ܳٻص̨£½ǬḶ́еˡ
ȻĽУһֱʱܳɾͷˡ
½Ǭݵʱһ̨ʱ䣬ǰֻһӣ
Ȼ½ǬݣȫذԼʽڿԵȼܣѧˡ
ܳɾԼֱܵ˱˺
TMʲôѧϰʲô츳
½ǬݱܳɾٵԼֱһ硭
Ȼ½Ǭݰ֮󣬹ϺƷڵˣߵ̨ԣȻĵ͵˽ˡ
Ӧöûп½ʦɣ
ҿڴһ£һ죬С½ʦĽѧ
ҶҪٵŶ
⻰ʱܳɵ˵ǰһ
Ȼ͵صͷ
Ҷó½Ǭݣֱ͵һƥ
ǰܳٷһУȻ½ǬݻסˣȻ˵ֶ΢е㡰͡޳ܡ
ǣѧ磬ѧȦԼѧļܺͱ£ͲǳϮ
ĻеѧеͽܣеˣǸʦѧģ
ٵģϣܳɿ˿Ե½ǬݣӦĿǺ档
ֻǣܳû뵽ǣܳɿ֮½ǬشӹԱ˳ܳɵһһ֣Ƕܲ
úŬȻǵһǰ̵ġ
СܵĻʵˣڴԺĳɳͱְ
лл½ʦܳɼ˶غ½Ǭݴк
ֻǰ½ǬҲ·ƣûпԼԷ˼ЦЦ͸Źϵ˳ȥˡ
ңҽԺںͲʿо˿ҲǶ˳ҡ
ҲûرдܳǣҲ֪ǳʲô뷨ĿģǲԸܳɵ˵ɰɡ
ԣܳɵ˾ٴӵ۵ʱ䡣
ܳɣϵĻǻǳȥһԣǾֱӵˣ
ˣסĸƵꣿʡ
Ƿ½ǬʦٶȲ
ǿgooֻ˵ǰ˻Ρ
ȻҲǰ˲ٵ׼ġ

ϡƷ½Ǭһ𿪳ߵʱ򣬹ϲ΢ɨһ½ǬݣʣС½Сܣô
½Ǭݺתͷ͵ϣԲ𡣡
Сܵĳ֣Ԥ֮ġʤ֮䡣
Ϊڻûеһعʱ򣬹ϣҲھͻԣҽӮֶκϡ
ΪôĻҲӮǸ
½Ǭݺܳɺóָȫû׼ģ˸̣ûӦԷҲܶʱҵһͬˮ׼
̣˵ܣֻ˵ƽ֮䡣
ҵʵڲ֮䡣
Ͼ̾һӦ뵽ģ½ǬֻҪ䣬ôͲ䡣
̫ˣܾǸ˵㻰ˣϣôȴûô롣
ûû¡
Ͻְ˰֣Ŀ⸴֮
½ǬݵԸвԸźԸκƣ
Ϊҵˣ֪˶ٹϵΪܹ½Ǭݻؼң½ǬһɻؼңΪ½Ǭݿ϶ؼҵġ
ֻǰԣʳԶѡ
ʵ½Ǭмƻ
Ϲưܵ½ǬݻʱԼˣҲܺһˣʱٰܹﵽæ͸ˡ
ϣСܣϤ𣿡½ǬʣȻǶܳɲ˺档
ݲ氡ƣͻȻس֣趼ûˣôܲ棿
ЦЦôСȤ
רŸ׼ѧ
ϿЦ֪½Ǭݲܻ
½Ǭݾ͵ϣʵ˵Сܻûյʱ򣬾ȷһŰɣѧ̫ô
½ǬݸһȽϳֿĽ顣
̫ôɻ
ʲôộ𣿡
ңҹСܣԼ뷨ġ
ݹĲȫûմȾκ˵ķϰߣ
ûҵκϤĽڵӡ
ԣ˵Ұĺܴǿ
ϣ˵ȫȥۻĲ𣿡½ǬݶԹϷǳĵطܳˣϣϿʶһ£
ΪӽϤ֪ڵķͲϰߣǴܳҲκε˿
һˣҪѧϰһˣǲ֪顣
ҪˣǾǲܵ顣


ڶٶʮ Ϊأ
κһˣ½ǬԼڣ½ǬݶܹϢѧﵽܸߵĸ߶ȡ
ڳɳĹУʦ·ǱȻģʦ̵ָĹҲãѧĹҲá
ʦڴѧʱܻдԼ˽һʦرġ
ĿȾĹУѧҲٵմȾʦһЩƢ񣬻
һУ
ǣ½Ǭݾͷ֣ոظܳɵĲĹУûڲиܵκϤϢ·ƾնһ㡣
Уÿһһԭ֧šܳɵȫڻûκλڵĶ
ҪȵĻͺñˣкܶ˵зǳط
ܳɵọ̈̄ûطֻǼ򵥵һЩ裬ֻǰûһ趼ƺ֮󣬲رϣͺܺóԡ
ϣƷ˾ǰϾͲ½Ǭݺ͹ˡ
½ǬݵĻ󣬳˼һ
ֻǰϵƷ˵ǬҲûܳϵķϰʦӺˣĪƾճ֣
Ʒˮƽ½Ǭݵ˺ܶ࣬ʵҵרóľ˶ҽѧȲ½ǬԹǿƺƵĺܶǴ֡
ңƷ˶ҽѧҲȲ½Ǭݡ
ҪǣƷɲ½ǬһܹĿԼ񣬿һ֮󣬾ܹŵĴУĸҽѧԺȽС
ɶˣ½Ǭݲܹڲ֮ء
ϻ˼û˵½Ǭҡҡͷû֡
ƾճǲܵģҪôһֱϸҪԼʦĽѧ
ҪôˮƽѾﵽ˸ߵĲ㼶ԿȥۻԼϰߣȫĴﵽ۷塣
Сѧʱѧϰѧʱ򣬻ñȽѡ
һδ֪ͺˡ
ѧѧֻ֣֮ᷢʵδ֪ߵĻֱֻȥĺѡ
ǰ˵Ļôõ츳ΪʲôҪȷһţϾ͸Ӻˡ
Ӧ£Ȼߵĳɳռ𣿡
ҪĻҿԸţ㲻ӦĻҾҪԼˡҺòҪѧ̽Եʡ
ϣ½Ǭܹɿڣһܳɣһ½ǬݵĻ
ôֱ˫Ӯ
½ǬݵеݣƤףǽ̫ķɫҲ䣬ֻ΢еΪѵؿ˹ϣϣֱ˵𣿡
԰ʮڴ͵˼ĭ
ƷҲ˶⣬ȻѾ˾ܾĴ𰸣Ȼеڴ
ܳڵĲˮƽҪʲôʦʦǸ˸
һѾǳԼļӣҪһСĺȥһ£ⲻǺ𣿡
½Ǭ˵÷ǳֱףֿ࣬
ǣҲڿŹϺƷ˵ɫͻȻ֮󣬾ʱֹͣ˺󻰡
æĿڣԲ𣬹ϣ͵Ҵû˵⻰ɡ
½Ǭ֪ڹڵĻͲһ
ǧ͵ϵϵͳô׾ܹõģ
ϣԺʿѧҽԺĽڣͲƸˣΨһ߶ľǸԼ˵һСޣܹĻ
ʵ
ϵɫȷ첻˺һ󣬰ƷɫǴ䣬⿪˺üΣջǱϵֹסˡ
滺һǬݣ˵
ϸ˳ƺǷǳʽʱ򣬲ŻеĳƺѾǿԼ½Ǭ˵ʵ
ȻҲǿط棬˼⡣
ʮǰ½Ǭݡ䡯ˣ
ʮʮ걼ˣȻûǰˡ
ǣ϶ˣ½ǬݸСʮ˳ʵܹ½Ǭһսϣʮһƹ
ڣʮ߮磬мйϣ
ôҲų⣬ܳʮСӣʵǿٴԼҪǿʵ
ô½ǬݵĻûд
øСļӣȥסһȼӸĶǾջ᳤ΪΡ
ϣΪѧѧϰǻʲôĿģ½Ǭݵ棬ŹϿ
˼ѧϣѧϰĶǣѧϰָ붯ƾ辭ΪΪǱܵԳ־õı仯
һ˼
һѧϰΪΪΪǱܵı仯ͨѧϰǵΪᷢĳֱ仯ӲӾӾ
ڶѧϰΪΪǱܵı仯Գ־õģѧӾӾܽ
ѧϰɷġ
˵⣬½Ǭ΢˶٣ӵйĿᱳ֪ʶܶ࣬Ҫ΢
ιѧϰ˵ѧϰʵУΪн飬Ծء͸徭Ĺ̡
ѧϰḶ́ѧϰĿΪ̽δ֪ݣδ֪תΪѧϰ͸徭顣
ϣ˵˵öô
½Ǭ϶ǰѧⱾ˰ѧֻ˽ĹϣҲ˵½Ǭݱĸ԰ĿǰΪֹѧоѧϰĶӵġ
ǣ½ǬЩ½Ǭݵ˼˼ǣܳɾѾѧϰḶ́ԾͲѧϰĹлʱ䣬ֱȥ£
½Ǭݵ˵ͷԣ
еļܺѧϰߵĿǽ⣬ʹù߱ڶĽ׶Σ̺ҪߵʹúҪк󣬽Ҫġ
ÿһˣһѧƷ츲صı仯κθ˵С
ǣѾѧϰԭʼ۵ˣʼԼĹͿѧо̽Լչģʽ
Ҿãܳɾôһˡ
˲дʦоС顣
ʱ򣬴½ǬݵĻûѧĻҹʵʸò
½ǬݳĬˡ
ϽʵҲ½Ǭ֪ʵ
ǣ½ǬȻǼԼĹ۵㣺ķǳҪĻԸǮһٵģ
һһǧһڶԣ
½ǬݼĻûҽԺԸգҾԼʣһҽԺһҡ
ûʵҵĻҿԳʸһʵңʽ𡣡
ʲôأûõƾµġ
ϵ΢е顣
ʲô߼
ΪһˣһҽԺһʵҡ
жļҵװ͸ô棿
Ϊһˣ
ûػҪ½ǬݵĻ̫ھˣ̫սǰʵˡ½ǬݲڹڣȻôڹڣܳƾĻ
㲻ܻ᲻£ֻܱˡ
òȨޣְƣҲû취õνĿʽ
ԼҽԺְƵĿȻȫʡȫʵĿԣͲ㣬һէģ
ȻҲǾԡ
Ҳ˵ˣֻҪѧڣѧƹ׶ȷǷѧߣƸѧѧλְͷΡ
һ˲ţڹҲǲġ
뵽ֻܸпǬݣ겻ڹڣԿ֪ܲڹڵķչΡ㵱뿪ʱѾȫһˡ
ǹҶԽһԽԽӣƽˮƽҲڲӣԡ
ûĴ粽УңֱӵȥĶܳΪӵĻ
Գ棬κ˶ö˵ʲôġ
½ǬݣͲһ߳·ߵˣѧȦȦﶼˡ
Ȼ½Ǭֱǰ뿪ʽķһϣҪǿһЩʵۣһϣΪЧ
ֻǲϣ½Ǭݵ¼֪Ч¶ѡ
½Ǭݾ֪Լ˵Щ󣬿ܻᱻΪ˵Ľ֮һ
ǣ½ǬݻҡҡͷϣҵĻһǾ仰
ֻԼұˡ
ҼǲСҲҪƵذźáȻ˵ˣţô϶Ͳ;˰ɣ
һֱӰܳȥ£ȥȥоֱ⣬ʵҺٴϣΪѧĥʱ䡣
ֱȥ£ӳùʲôʱҵôʮĥһҲĥ𡣡
ܵʮһˣһʱһǻ˸ķʱ򡣡
ôõӣɲ˸ˡ
½Ǭ˵˵ţܾ˵ˣͲڴ˵Լı͸ظпţ
һҲǽ쿴Ǹһ
Ǳģ
û꣬½Ǭݾֹͣ²ۡ
Ϊ½Ǭݵ²ۼֱ̫ˣƷ͹˵Ĵ൱ĴӦ˵ʥ˺ҲΪ
Ȼ½ǬûΪЧĳɼԼڹ飬һֱǹϺƷΪģ½Ǭݾǵ
ǣΪΪӦΪ׽ơ
ǵ²ۡ
˼ǡ
Ҳ̫ӣװģؽңⲻҽ̲˰
ϺƷĺ˺ܶࡣ
½ǬݽŸϽڽ˵ϣƷڣ˵Ļ˵ء
ܳɲһ˼
ϸɿһûػתͷȥеˡ
Ʒеʹ۾
̫ˡ
Ҫ֪֮ǰ½ǬסʱǶ½ǬǵܵܺͶһġأ½ǬݾȻˡ
С½Ҫǲ̫ĻҪֻɣ
Ȼ߳Է죿ϸϽת˻⡣
½ǬݱԼ죬ϣƷʦҲ˵ˡ
Ȼıͣٶ˵һ֡
ҪǹѾĿС½֪еˡ
ôţ½ǬҲʼ
ܳɣֱҲֵúţȥ߮Ǹ̥ʱҶûĸоôոһӾûסҪԹ˵ôأ
磬ҪܳµĻǸôŪ
յĻԼĻԼָôأ
ţʱʣǮԾһʿɡ
Ծ͸ҡˡ


ڶٶʮ Ӧˬģ
ȻЩֻ½ǬԼ뷨ҶԹϺƷ˵
ԳǱԵɣҰܳɻƭĻôҲܿҲǻŻġ
֮ԲԸû취֡
½ǬݶڹҲܹԣԺʿȻǿ󣬵ǳ˹ŵĻѧҲйġ

ǣĳһ
ŵôܳɼصȴš
ĺè֮ǰطһǽȻõĽôҶǴһ
Ϊ˱
ǡ
ǽˣƿ˵ˣȻԼ鵽Ļķʽˡ
˻ܳͬؿ˵Ļ˲͵صһں
ɫ䣬ĥ
ܳɶ飬еҲࡣ
ջȻʱǽ֮󣬶δؾģһЩţֻΪ˹Ƕѡ
˼ǡ
½Ǭݣڹϵҽƽʮţơ
ԵΪĸױˡұȺڸⱩѪζ
ȻൽΣͨôGoog϶Ѳġ
ǣ½ǬݵϢȴǿȷġ
½ǬݣĹʴãնרȫרѣ
ҲͰרҵÿٴӻƽÿʮ׽
Ҫ֪ƽǴӶʮǰͿʼƽġ
һŶƵˡ
ܹĹ½Ǭݵķ˶۲á
ǵġܳɵ˶ͷǿ϶ԼĹҰ
ĻẦèΪͼƬһʱ˼ķΧЩĬ
ӹȥܳɲŻĿڵǹôǾֻѧϰģ½ʦʦ
Ĳ˵½ʦ컹лڿεĻỹǲܷŹġ
ǺúϢ׼ӭյĿγ̰ɡ
ãΪ鵽һЩò鵽ϢҲ֪Щʲô
ðʱҲ̫С
춼ֵһ㰡Լú󣬾͸ɢȥˡ

صƵ֮ܳɾͱ侲
Ϊڷ½Ǭݵ֮󣬾ͻȻģһΡ
ȻˣԼģ켣еط˸ı䣡

һУƺúԤף
ܳɸһ򡪡
ģ磬ʵ໥Ӱ졣
ǣģԴʵģǻʵУܳʱڵ㣬ԴΪݣģݵһЩ
Ԥ飬ͺñȣ½ǬݵĵģûκεϢԤס
죬ûԤʾ
ǣ½Ǭݵ֮ܳɾֿʼ˵һεģ⡣
һεģĿ꣬ǲ½Ǭݵġ
Ȼ½Ǭ֮ϡΪѾ˽Ӵģ켣ƫת

㱻ĳ֪￴أ˽һЩ顣
ǣ㲢δõѧĻᡣõ˶λڵټٴ⣬׼㿪չٴԿ⡣

֮ڡ֮֡¡ɹط˶ƪģ缶ٴ⣬ɹ뵽ʮٴרӵʮе˹豸רȨ֪ʶȨ
㱻ӣԴƫбɹرƸΪĳ֪ԺУĽڣоԱְƣְ߽ƣĳʡ֪ҽݡ
ʮ֮ר֪ʶȨѾȡˡ
ʮ꣬ɹ߽
һΣ
½Ǭݵĸ֮£ԼȻõôߵĽ
ҽѧ߽ߵãŵѧҽѧ
ǣôܳɵһõˣһУ½Ǭݡ
ɻ½
1.εǶߣǶʱļ䡣ע⣬˼ֻ´εģʼϡΨһԡ
2.ÿԼܡ

⼸ѡܳɵɫһ
䣿
һŵߵļȥģһΣ
ʲôĸܣ
GҪ԰Ѽֱ͸Ұ
϶ǲܵġ
Ȼ̾ѡ
εǶܹõĶ϶˰
ֻϧֱܰӴصʵȻĻܳɾܹɾ
ģεʱܳɻڳԷΪ¹شܳɲδżʼһεģ⡣
ص˼ܳɷǳϸطģϸں󣬷Ĺؼ͹ؼء
Ҳ½Ǭݡ
΢һЩܳɾͽ˵ڶεģ⡣
ЯĳʼܾͶļȻԹؽΪϾĿγ̣ǹؽơ
һΣܳɵģҪĿ꣬ͱ½Ǭݡ
һεģ⣬͸ӴֱЩ
ΪܳȻ֪ģһȫ䣬֪½Ǭݡ
ģ⿪ʼ
ĿǰѾһӵųĻԼܡͬʱ㻹ӵһļ䣬㷢һʱ㻳ɹǷѾˡܿͽʵ
Ȼ㷢֣ڴĻڿ֮ϡ
ȽϴͳҾ·¡
ƾǶļ䣬ټ꣬ʦѵͬ飬ڽ̨ҫΪ˽㣬ǳȴǳ֮еؽܡ
ʵĦ
еġʦѡǳȣȫһСЩûʧգ㻹ͨһЩɧ䳹Ļ䣬ԼһĲֵû츳
ΣԸʦ㣬ܾˣʱִִʦ񡣡
ͬ꣬ġʦѡʹع㿪ʼı¡ͬ꣬ɹ
Ȼŷֳ֣ѧϰʣֱạֻ̇̄ǿĻ
˸ƺ

ʮµҽеҵޣء㿪ʼ棬רʼݽס
ʮ֮㡮ʦѡͬŬ֮£ҽе۹ĲƷأҳɹλǿ
ʮĹ˾ҵͷ¢ϲҵظˣǰ̸Уϣܹ㼰㹫˾רŻݡ
רŻݲֵ˰գѾﵽ˾˵ֵԹڵҽҵ˸ĸ
ʮΪרҽơ롮ҽƶסѾϣѹϡ֮㣬ܾ˹߽
˽̿飬һ˹ʿ˫ۡ
ʹζʮꡣȥ꣬ʮ͹ףٳĿ㱻Ϊһġҽʥҩ񡯡
ȥʮ֮ġʦѡǰһ̾ƣҲнľ
ģ
ģۣʿ˫ԣֶ׸
ȷʿ˫ĸ־һˡ
ңܳϸظεĶεģ̺
ֻܳ˵ţơ
һܳɲŷ֣ԭôҽ
νҽҽҽߣ
ɶ
ִҽѧ֮ԷչѸΪĴڷ״
εģ̣׵ظıܳɵ˼·۽磡
ʿˡ
ΪΪ񣬷ܶҲܾڲʹݽ򼲲ѵࡣ
ǴҽΪ
Ϊһ㣬޷ı䡣
ϲ˳Ϳ
ɻһ
⼼ܣ츳ͨġʦѡԷֱƭһм츳ֻϷΪˡ봦·
һ̣֣֪˴ǰºԸлᣬԸʻ
һʴδƽƽ֪ƽӹߣܹߵñԶϣһƽӹһΡǰִʮǿǹʻô⼼ܡ
ԣԵӡһλ֪֮˵ʣٷ֮ʮʼӳɣҲԵĽԼǰٷ֮ʮӡһλʮ׽֮ˡ
ԣĿˮɣΨһġʦѡǳ㣬ϣܹһμ̵ܸ츳˺Ըлᣬܹһθߵ
ע⣺ʮ׽綨
˼ֻʩչһΣӡ֮㽫ñӡ߰ٷ֮ʮ
ܰʾ⣬ΨһʹúʧżС֡
ޡ
һλõļܣ⼼ܡ
ֻܵ⼼ܣʵô̫˰
ȻֱʣǺö
ǻԣԽߣӳɺ޾Խߡ
ܳԼٷ֮ʮȻģͱ˳ࡣ
εܣӡʵĻһǱ˵ʣǾͣ
ܳɻü֪ܺ˼ܵʹ÷
˼ܣֻҪһˣͿӦۡ
ͱ磬ܳƺõĽǡ

һݺ
ӳɺ15.735ܳɣ
ǵģļ͹ָ꣬Ŀǰܳɵʡ
ôһɧ
ܳɿʼˣӲʵ
Ƶİٷ֮ʮ15ܳɣ൱ԭƵܳɵʮ
ӡƣԲ
ܳȻô¾Ǻܿؾ͸ֳһ
ʴ̫ۡϾա


ڶʮ Ｋط
ӵģǿԴͽ̽
⼼ܵļԣ÷ǳ
ԣԵӡһλ֪֮˵ʣٷ֮ʮʼӳɣҲԵĽԼǰٷ֮ʮӡһλʮ׽֮ˡ
ȻԼ15ܳɵġ
Ҳֻ˰½Ǭݡϵˣֻ˶ѡ
һ
Ȼûһġ
ܳȥ˼Щ˵ʱ򣬶һһܾݵʾҲЩȻ֪ǲڣȻĻҪԭطˡ
ٵҮЩҲԺйһȻûг漣ܳɾ˲ʵʵؿӡ˵һʷʵ
˹գ
Ȼ˷Ӧ
֪֮ܳ˹գΪ֮ܳǰһסԺҽʦ淶ѵݱˣˣסԺҽʦƶȵĴߡ
νҽѧһ֮С
ȻȻǵˣ˹գһλִҽѧ֮֮Ƶȱ˵ʣӦò˰
ļǣԼ20.12ܳɣ
ܳһ£ϣףӵĽֻ18.41
˹̹
ܳٴͻ룬ȻĽܳЩ⣬Ҳž16ܳɣֻǱ΢һ㡣
ϣ˹ջҪһЩ
ܳɲ²밮˹̹λΰĿѧҲҽѧйء
һȦܳɾͷ֣ԼһЩϤ档ѹʶǰġ
ģܳɻ½Ǭݡ߮ȼϤˣ˴ŵ
Ȼͷ֣߮ʾȻߵģԼڵ49.8ܳɣ
Լ49.2ܳɡ
ٺ½ǬݣԼ49.0ܳɡ
Ȼƣ45ܳɡ
ǡ
ֵƣԼ39.3ܳɡ
ڴ֮󣬻жںԼ2.1ܳɡ
ϾԼ1.7ܳɡ
ȨĻʣԼ1.08ܳɡ
ȨеӺܳɷԼʾȻ1󣬶ˡΪҪ֪ǰʣǵõģ󣬻˰ٷ֮ʮ֮İ
ȻȨҪЩ
ţΨһһܳҵŵˣǰ
1Լ0.75ܳɣ
Ҳ˵ܳٷ֮ʮǰʣȻܳɻҪһЩܳԼʾͲãȻһЩ
ܳɶеΪҪѧҽˡ
ҲеԼҪѧҽˡ
ܳɲûرԱΪҽѧйصѧܳɱͲôóҽѧͲһƵרҵñȥĿƣҪĶ㣬Ͼûʲô۵Ĺ̡
֪֪֪ģǲ֪
ܻõѡ񣬵ֿԱȽСܳɲرִڴˡ
ΪǼӳ֮󣬿˶ٶٱԼʣʵҲֻƵʵһѡ
һЩҲ˺ܶࡣԼԣӵ˱һʺԼѧϰģѶȣ϶½
ңܳϸػعһεģݺ󣬷һǳҪ⡣
ĵһģ⣬ǵˡŵǣʱǶǰʮˣڵԼŶͰ
ڶεģ⣬ܹɾ˫ĹʿΪȫ˵һģм䣬൱»ӣȻٴӰʮ꿪ʼ
ľۻǾһٶˣܹɾ˫Ĺʿ
ʱӣɲǵʱӣӦ˵ǳ˻Ǵηȷ
ʱ䳤ȣʮ꣬˻ʮ꣬ʲô
ǣʮ֮ٻصʮ꣬ȻӶʮٻʮĻܹʮĻôܾͲǱʮܱȵġ
ҲǱ˼˵Ķʮܱȵġ
ӵȫļ䣬վʲôڣɡ
Ҫվҽѧ۷壬Ҫߵ·ǳͿ
ǿλԺʿǣȻû취컪רķҽе¢ϱոľ棬Ҫ֣ԷһһϦһʮ֮

ǣ˲УԼԣ
ܳɺȻεģ⣬ֻԼһļܣĵӣֻỺԼȣǣܳš
һ죬΢ĺȻۣܹı䡣
Լؼʶ
ԭҽҽһҽ
ҽҽ
ҽҽˡ
ҽҽ
һѧƣȫҽƷչһ⣬ǣڴ֮ϣһǣ
ҽȫģǹ׸ȫ֮ǰߣ϶ҽڹȱ
С棬棬ֻǸвͬ
ǧܽ˵Ļܸߣ豸ǳȫָרԼҪЩרͺļķҪ׼رĶ
ΰѳɹʱǰûһŵ߼ļӳ֮£ȻѡΪʿʱǰܳҪǵĹؼ⡣

⼼ʹ֮ܳɲûоõʲô淢˱仯֮ǰ˵ĶȻεؿӡҲûʲô
ֻǣܳ΢һ֮󰡡
һ˲䣬ܳɾԺ￴ˣһ֪ʶܣӻѧʼ۵ȻﻯѧѧѧȸѧƵ֪ʶ̵ֿϡ
ţͬѧƵ֪ʶʼĳԣһĳȻĴ𰸡
ǣ齨𰸵ĹУԴһѧƣܳޱȵؿˡ˿֮⣬ܳɷԼȻȥȥĴ𰸣Ȼ˳һ𰸵֣Ȼ
ԵĶһԽ̰Խá
һĻTM֣Ϸֶˡ
ģѧԵĿ֣õѧĿ֣û취ģǼֱһܣͬϷһ
ڣڼ䣬ܳɻԼϲϷǼһЩԼѧϰѧﻯѧ
ƺһִǲǼĳ壬ĳЩĴʽ
壬ǳԶ뽵ٴķʽ
壬ǳѻطߣ׼սһεֻơ
ңԼ˽ǼԣڣֿܳʼԼЩ֪ʶΣԼС˵лںϡ
ͱ֮ǰܳɿļС˵˵ؼܹӣкܶܶ֡
Щкôôʱ򣬾Ϳ԰ȸȾȾһһӦɲԼһ¼䣿
ɲΪյһֶΣ
ȻأӿֲǣܳɻǿѧֱӺԼСʱİƻIIϷϵȥ̽һ£Щ֮ܲܲ෽λһ³ΪǿƵģʽ
ߵ̽ѧϰ飬ϾҲһҽѧû̫ȤͿЩѧϰĿˣЩ뷨ȽϹ½ʵеģԺҪдϷĵĻһѹǿȥ
PSƪ벻˲ʵˣϲҿһҵһЩ˼·Ϊ⣬ۡ
ҿ
лЧӦǳġ
ԭѧϰǿԷǳֵ顣

ڣ
ٽģأܴǸɶ½Ǭ
ܳɳһΣȻܿͳˡ
ģ⿪ʼ
ĳλ֪ҽѧĴˣ
ģĿ״ɣģ
ģۣģĿ̫ڼ򵥣ã
ޡ

ûˣΪɶ
ǣ
ܳ΢еˣԼǰģʱ򣬾ûܣôе߾ͨļܣֱ޵ʽ
Īǣģ˰
Ŀ򵥣
м򵥣
οû֮ǰǴģӵһλŵߡļ䰡£Ҫʮ츳ԼңԼʮ½Ǭݡ
⻹ܽм򵥣ܳɺ⡣
ܳɸӵĵǣһԼʱ仯֮Լģʽᷢ仯Ǿж̫˰
ϧģôˡܳû취̻׼ȷĴ𰸡
òףŰ賿ʮ㡣
̼Ϊ尾
ܳɾٴģ˵һģĿꡪ
ȫϥؽû¶塣
ģ⿪ʼ
ؽѧϰʮ֮󡣳ɹػȫϥؽû¶壩
ģĿ״ɣģ
ģۣģĿ̫ڼ򵥣ã
ȫϥؽû¶壩
ȻȻӵ˰
ʹĲ˰
Ҫ֪֮ǰȻܳɵʲѣǣÿģȷһ󣬾ͻкܶе̣Ҫüεģ⣬ܹõյļܡ
֮Уܳɳ˿ְ汾ģѧϰ⣬ܹģʵв²⡣
ģĹУܻһЩӼܣӵļܻģĿ꼼ܵȼҪһЩ
ΪԼ츳֮дģ̣ǴӿʼֱӼ򵥽˵Ļ
ֱӻ˼˵Ļ
ôÿεģ̣ͱ˵ģˡ
Ҳ˵ҪѧϰһĳܣȻ͵õĳܣûκ⣬ûκμɿԣ
ܺãᱻ棬򵥴ֱҪʲôʲôܡ
ҲвãǾû⣬ûκεļ֮󣬾Ҳû취ʵеһЩ仯൱ھǣڵʣģʱûɶʿԳˣͲϸˡ
һΣأ͵ÿԼıˣûνԤˡ
ҲܳһЩϸԵ⣬ܳȥˣܳģ棬ܶԼ֪ġ
˵ĳС߮磬ĳǮС飬Ȩ顣
ûЩûЩ֮
TM
ǲ̫ˣ
һһģô
ģδ½Ǭݵİ취
ģ⿪ʼ
粻֮֮ۺ׳ĳ֪ʿ
ģ
ģۣģĿ̫ڼ򵥣ã
ޡ
ûֻܽǴģĿ꣬һǼ򵥴ɣ
ģḶ́Ҳ൱ļ򵥡
ɣⲢܳϣġΪĸܸ߼εļܣ˵ĳһ߲ܵξ¶塣
ôܳʲʱҲ͵õˡ
ʺãҲһΡ
ֻǴ𣬲Ϊܳɴʱ䣬ǣ֮ǰʲʱĥʱ̣ľܳɺܶʾЩû֮
Լ
ʵѾܹﵽԼ֮ǰģĿ
ܳɲȷΪĻ˴ӹ񶼺ܶ࣬ǣʮ˵ŬδܴﵽǰУΪλִҽѧεĻҽѧҪλǰȥ
ҪͻƵĶкܶ࣡
ʱԼõˣڡ
ڶģ͵ģм䣬аСʱȴʱ䡣
ʱܳٴε侲Լš
Ȼܳɾһε뵽˸ӱģ˼·
ȻˣԼǰ˺Ȼ
ԣʵԼĵӣܿԷŵٴһ㣬ĿӾԶһ㡭
δﵽǰǿҽʦۺϳɾ͵һ
εĿѾǺܴˣܸˡ
ȻһΪģ֮ˡ
ģ⿪ʼ
㣬츳ƽƽʵǳʵ츳ǲ۲۵ţδ׷š
֪Լ׳־ѾһϵĻǣ㿪ʼұ֡
գˣʧܵĳ֪ʿʼ롣
ĳ֪ϣ磬нѧϰܾˣ֪дʱ䱦󣬲˷ѡ
˳̸Ĵ
Ұ۷ĳ֪ʿӦ㡣ڹȵĳ֪ں֪Ժʿд㵣Ȼټ㿪ٴ⡣
һѱ˲ٵ˶ʿо벩ʿоڵŶӣĶԽ׳ͬʱʽ𣬱Ӵ޵һǧ򣡡
㾫ܵͬʱĸٴ⣬ĸԵĿ⡣
֮ٴ飬ͻƣٴ飬¶΢봴˵ĸģ֪ڿһ˹㷺𾪡
ʮ֮оٴѾΪ˹ڹϵĵһˣ㿪ʼȫ硣
ʮʵӵеŶӡƸﵽȫǿҽǰУжҶ֦㶼һһܾ
ʮ¶˹ؽƣڵŶλһ
ʮ߽꣬ģĿɡ
ɻ½֮һ
һ΢ƵĻۣԣ
۶ƵĻ۸£ԣ
ؽƵĻ۸£ԣ
ܹǳԵˣ
ܳɹϵѡΪ켴ӴľǹؽƵĻ۸¡
ֻѡ֮ܳɾͷ֣۰ʵеߣΪʵֻһּ˵ּ˵ģ֤ʵΪ˶ļ˵
ֻǣҪΪԶһξ룬Ҫ֤һ˵ٻҪԽ˵֮󣬲ܹõĴ𰸣Ҫʱĳ
ԣǣررߣһΪʵǾе߸Ķ
εģ֮ܳɲڸôһ顣
Ǿǣÿһεģ̣ʵģĳʼʡʼЯܼģĿ꣬ء
ģʹã˵ЯĳʼϹӲģĿ겻ԶĻǻ׵ؾ˷һģġ
㣬һνû취ıġ
ڶҪĻۡ
ģĿ꣬ÿ˵۽硢ʶ֪йء
ңεģ⣬֪ܳôһ顣
ǾǣģУﵽյ㣬δؾԼѾеĵ㣬кĻȻҪԼȥʵ֡
ģõļܣֻΪԼʵṩʼĲϣǾʵηչԼʵѡȸָأйϵ
棬ű
ǣôԼҪԼҪȥĵһĻȾ͵ҵȨ
ԼҪѡȨоȨ
νȨΨһȽϺõǰ½Ǭܣ츳߮޽ӽȴ˫߮Ĺ̥ܡ
Ϊ½Ǭݰ˶ѹôôܹõ˵Ͽɡ
ĻԼҪʱ򣬱̶ԼģֽסˣɵԼȥŶֵʱ֪ôģˡ
Ȼܳɱȥˮ̶ģ;ɱһõѡϡ
ľܣܳȻϣվһԺʿ
ȥħܳŬرֹٴϣŬģǣȻӣ˾
Ѿǲ֪ٴˣܳѾˡ
νľܣҲҪôǻŵ񰡡
Ȼ˭סĻһͽһԼԵ֧ĻôܳҲŹġ
ģｲˣ½ǬݣԼָܹľ
ԼӵеʵԴԽ࣬ģĹ̾Խ˳ģķԽ󣬶ʵԽ
ʵǳ˻һĵӣԽԽ
ǣҪľǣԼ
ԣΪʲôһð½Ǭݸˡ
ôܳɵһôģôеȥҪһˡ
֮ǰ߮ҲãҲãܳɶûŪֻǰʱܳͷŹԼëϧϲ
ǣҪȥ½ǬݸܣǾͱҪȫһУ
һҪա
ܳɲ¡
֮ǰһεģ˵ˡ
ֻҪԼôԼ㹻ʵȥ½Ǭݡ
գˣʧܵĳ֪ʿʼ롣
ǣٳʲôʡ
ǣıʣ϶ǲܷģ½ǬݵʣԼҲܣ

ʱ䣬ܿ˴ա
ϣܳɵ˿ʱ򣬾ͷְյСѵ࣬һСˡ
֪ǲΪ½ǬΪߵԭСѵĵַһ
ܳɡƵˣϹƷˣڽλᡣǣ̣˵ҽԺĳʾȫ̵ֱ
˵ҷˣ½ʦ֮ΪϾû˴С
ǣʦǲΣʦ˵һЩʡĽںרң֪½ʦ˹ڽεĻҲ᲻ԶǧعΪѧԱ
Ĵ󿧰
ҲƤϵ룬žǻصǰҲȽϸµһҵʦֻңһܸ½ʦѧˡ
Щʲô֪ôȥѧˣ
СƶݣֻھħģԲ֪һУǵĵʦ֪½Ǭ˾Ϣ
ǣǻȥ˺󰡣ǵʦֻ˵Ҫȥˡ
½Ǭݽ컻һ·ҲǺܼ򵥵ʽɫǳؿŽμСεѧû̧ͷȥνͷҲûȥעνֱ
ֻעŹϡ
ϵ˰ѽ֮󣬰ѽεƽ֮½Ǭݲſʼ˵Ҳֱ⣬Ҫһ¹ϺƷڵĻҪҽεģֻСѡ
ȻĲ鷿һǸŹϺƷһ鷿лл
˵֮½ǬݾͿʼԼĵһСݡ
һС֮½ǬΪʦֻǴܳɵѧԱټԼļʿרҵ˶ʿʼСŵ˵ǰ鷿
Ҫݣȫǹؽڡ
ֻǣֳС
һŹؽڣȻڶ΢һϥؽûΪ׹ؽڵû
СλŸˡ
ŹؽûΪؽ򵥣Ҳѣӡ
رϡ
鷿Ḷ́ϵĹ̡
ȫŹؽûIVԣÿ̨ǰмΪ׼ǰۣÿ˵ÿ˵ǰ۵ĹУҪƺе̣˵ԭ
ֻǣΪ࣬ʱޣ̻ᱻʡԡΪ˶ҽѧȾ죬پ巽ʽ
ԣȷ֮󣬴ҶȷԼʽ
ȻΪкƵڵ̨˵ǹԹؽףŹؽڷλȫŹؽû
Ƿǳ׼ʽҲѶеȵһԣ˵֮ʵ½ʦΪΣ
ͱ½ǬСܶ࣬Ժһ½ʦǳűҲǶ½ǬʵĳϷ
ԡ
鷳˵㣬ǿڱںѾˣҹɹͷѾںˡ
½Ǭ˵꣬Ϳܳɣ˵̨򵥵ĹԹؽףܹ°ɣ
ǵģܳɵĲˣǹԹؽIVڣ򵥵һֻ̨Ҫ򵥵ŹؽûͿꡣ
ţȻǺܳɵᣡ
򵥵Ӧ
ܳգգۣܿ½Ǭĵʵ뷨
½ǬݽĲ˰ţǴⰡ
Ҫ֪˵ĲԽǸӣԽǸӣȻܹʵԽѣ
ܳһ򵥵Ĳˣȥ½Ǭݺ򣬲Ϊ˳Ϊеô
ʵûϵ
ͺñȰ⣬Сѧ⣬˼Ŀ֣ԷʮǰܵһͿ
Ȼһõһ٣ȻȲ˼ҵĺ
ΪĶͲһ㼶ġ
ȻҲȽϼ򵥣ʵܳҲܹϾֻǷǱ½Ǭݵ̨ڱںû˵ģҪؽҲ򵥵ˡ
ã½ǬݵİţܳɲҲܾܾ
ϾܳɵݾȻǱһӵĲˣʵܳڷ֮󣬾˲ˣΪģ棬½Ǭˡ
ܳɿ˵ĵһʱ䣬˵ס
½ǬݶˣȴǰԽϾ
죬䲻Լóһ̨Ȼûа½Ǭݸܣܳɸ˲˵
½ǬݣҲǸʤһһԼˮ׼֮ϡ
ǳܵҪ֪Спڹпλڹ̶ʼоİ
ܳõĲ֮֮ĸףǿӲʵǣ½ǬǸܳɵʽ˼·ʤܳɡ
ˣ죬Ҫڹؽڲ֮ء
ؽƣѾǳ죬̨ȻģܳϵĹؽûǣҲܹӣκҲԲĵ㡣
٣Ŀǰ֪ѧǶȶԣ㲻ܱøã
һ̨򵥵IVز׾ʱܹܿҷǳʩչģ
пƤ¶ɹͷٵھ¹ɹͷžʳǡɹǻĴÿһǳɴ䡣
ʮ
ʮ֮һ̨ǳ׼ȴһ̨ѧ¼񣬾ʹ˵ˡ
ĹУ½ǬݷǳعĦọ̈̄˾ڵϣԼܳ־۷ȣ˵⡣
Ĳٺˡ
ĿǰΪֹõĽǶȰţĻѵĹ̶λãΪķϷͷ
ѹʱ͸
ʧʧô϶ͻᱻȻ󣬹ǿ϶Լ֮ǰ˵ЩסԼ죬Լǿڹڡ
Լ֮ԻܹؼҼ棬ÿϵ˵ķ֡
ԼûԼҪ׼֮ǰԼǧҲʧ󣬲ʧ
½ǬݣԼҲǺĵġ
൱̨IVĽ壬ԣѶȷǳ
ˣ½ǬݣȻǷǳͬʱٵ̨
ȫŹؽûžʳؽȡֲǣְֲݶڹ̶ؽƤƤ֯
һ̨ûžʵߵŹؽûѶȣûܹӵġ
½Ǭһ̣ҲãֱĳݽĻ᳡Ҳã˲䶼
͹ϵˣǾ½Ǭôᣬòϣ½ǬݵʵͬѰҲͬһ㣬ֵøãΪѶȺͻ۸ߡ
ңľܲ㣬ôӵϣʧ
ѵյĵһСеʱ򣬴ҶΪѾˡϾܳɵֻ̨ССС֡
ܳɵ츳ܹ½Ǭݱȼ硣
ĻѶȺܳעǸ͵ģֻȥѧԱݣ뵽ѵֽɫУΪ̨
ܳƯرıʣǣѶȣǱ½ǬݵѶȼһ
˶ôΪʱⷢˡ
½ʦˣҲؽûˣҪؽھܳɴԼС飬ߵ̨Ϻ˶Ѿ׼ȥǰ׼ˡ
ܳ½Ǭ˵
½Ǭ㶣
Ҳ㶡
˶㶡
ܳڸǹؽףؽھ
ҾĿǰϱָܳɽţٴһﶨɽ
ǵģеǰᣬǲò
ҽѧĿģΪ˼ٴˡ
˵յķչĿأеʶ˿ܻشǸмʶ˻˵ǣҪֱӸɵ
ҪƵִҽѧԽԽ򻯵ִҽѧҽѧĿꡣ
ֻڴĿ֮ǰһҪڵġ
ܳɣҪľ飬ⲻúòõ⣬ǵ߸


ڶʮһ ˵ҿʲôţ
ܳɵĻȻôҶǳ⣬δɧҺ͸𾪡
ܳɵʵ⼸ϵΪԺʿµоʵϰĿõġٴʵӹɣ˵ڳе棬ģܹƣ
ΪȨչ˲ţѵУչǰûֹСппλڹ̶
ܳɵʵҶʶˣȻҲûκ˾ܳɴ˿ʺϱţкβԣʲôӦᷨĵط
ǣָ϶ǲеģҶˣ˵Ҫ˵˵ԼɲУ˵ԾͿԣ˵ǰ˵ԾͿԡ
Ҫĵ߼
Ȼûɧǻۣǲɱģܶ˶ʼֻǿʼѯˡ
Ϊܳɸո˵ĻȻֻǼ򵥵ļ֣Ķ࣬ҪȫǵǺѵġ
ǲǾãԼǲʲô©ĵط
ȻΪܳʵĶ½Ǭһ󣬿˼ܳɺ󣬵ѡŹؽھʽ
ϣҾСȻ뵽ҪùؽھбƣôǾ͸øôһᣬϾεѵ࣬ǿʵġ
СʵԼĿԼ£һɵˡ
أ
½ǬȻܳɵĻо⣬ȫûΪܳɵʹѹңΪ½Ǭ
Ȼ֪е֮ԴڣΪĸԤ޷ã
֮IVĴڣΪеIV֮µ޷Ҫ
ĸĿĲÿʩչж㡣ơ
ǣܳɵûʸʼҪ췽
ʵ½Ǭǲ̫ϣܹܳŹؽھѱ˵ġ
ϾȻܳõѶ͵ģͨĵȼﵽЧĻôӦѶȣȫһˡ
ֻǣȻǰбŵĸʵڹɹͷԵġ
ɹͷosteonecrosis of the femoral headONFHֳȱѪԻ޾Ի׳Źؽڲмԭ֮һ
ɹͷַڣֱ1.FicatڣֳΪFicatArletڣɷֳIIVڡ
2.SteinbergIVIڡ
3.ARCOIIVڡ
ַڣӦı÷Χ
ƣƷʽԣ򵥵ģʽı䡢Ȼҩơ
ҩƵӦŲԵҩƷ漰ҩǳ㷺Ŀǰһҩﱻ㷺Ͽɡ
Ŀǰ֧ҩڱţFicat I/IIڻSteinberg I/II/IIIONFHһãҲΪƷĲ䡣
ǰڱŵļֱһFicat I/IIڻSteinberg I/II/IIIڡARCOڵICIIڡ
ܳѡĲڳ˵ǰӦڵķˡ
ҪֱзڵĻӦFicatתڡSteinbergIV AڣARCOڷIII AȫŹؽûָϵǰõİֱָ
ˣۺϿǣȫŹؽûġ
֢״ԣʹǳҡ
ڿ˿ܳɺЩԥֿ˿ƷԼܳԱߵ˵ɻ飬ڴ
ȻԼҽԺѧǣڴţڴܹܳɻȨ޵ǵ˵ͷ˵á
ͬˡƵĳһΣ˵ֲ꣬
ţҪ仯Ļǰ˵̨κ
ҪԲ˸ģϾ˼Ǻ󣬲˵
ֻǣ⻰Ͼͬվŵ½Ǭݣ΢㶣˹ϡ
һС
ϸո˵ˣƵĳһΣ
ô˵ˣ̨Сппλڹ̶ǰͰźõģǺͲǩֵġ
Ҳ˵ˣǰ˵ģǣˣ
ǲܳɣҲǹϰŵǱս֮һأ
ǵĻôΪûܳɴɽʽһ£
Ҳ˵ܳɺ͹ûϵ
ܳͻȻһʱ½Ǭ֮ôͦܳɣ̽ܳɺ͹֮ǷЭ飬ҲĿ֮һ
˹϶ףôͲرʲôˣȿŹؽھܴܲﵽƵЧܴﵽĻôԼתΪ
ԳɹĻôͻоͳ벡˵ļ빵֪ͨǣĿǰеŹؽûĴתΪС
鷳и鷳Ϊ½Ǭݡ
ֵã
ϵͷ֮ͬ󣬲ĹؽƵҲãƷˣǶѲػʿʾ⣬ܳɵ뷨Ҫе
ͬеǲһġ
ΪǰԤһҪıʽĻҪеҪʱȥá
鷳Ѳػʿûв֮
ȻƷȥؽƵζһ䣺˼̨ļˣǼǿҵġ
ֻǸıķʽʵ漰Ķ鷳
ҽԺؽ˶ҽѧǷֿ˵ģ˶ҽѧûйؽƵĲˡ
ҪĽѧôϵȻҪ͹ؽƵϵΪ˶ҽѧԺʿȻҪ̨ʾѡ
ǣҪùؽƵĲˣ;ıʽҵĹѶȣϵľףؽƵãҪյǿҵġ
ʵġ
Ϊ̬ڣҲֻܺƷ˲˵ģνƷڡ
ֻǾðЩȻ˶ҽѧģǾֻѧ˶ҽѧôҪǣؽأ
Ʒܿڻ˼εѵûǹؽƵ¶ûѧϰĻᡣңҪ¾ǣǻˡ
½Ǭ̥Ǽֱ˭˭лס
ƺѡ
Ʒ͵ڣǿҲûѧһεѵ࣬ǲ˽ҽԺе˶ʿоͲʿоǴãû˽ڿΡ
ңڣֻ˽̿εĻô½ǬݾͲ˵ؽƵĿγء
һǳѧ
ڷ˷ۣҲƷ
ѧֱֻӴˡȻҲ⣬½Ǭˣǡ
ϲѡԼҽԺ˵ѧȷġ
ΪҪǣǰ½ǬݣǹϵѧǹڶĴ̶ͷҪס½ǬݣҪסĲװ
ôһرѧܹΪԺʿҲһ漣
֪ǿΡھͺܿ⡣
˶ҽѧû˽ƷΪܳɣҲΪ½ǬݻġңҲܺ棬ܵСӣʲô
ԵĻǶܳɷǳȤġ
Ͼ̨ܳӮĻô½Ǭݣǻ¬˰
ǰ½Ǭ˵˭ͻعͶϡ
ΪĴ룬ܳڵڶ̨ʱ˵ǲͰ½Ǭݸܳˣʱɰ½ǬݸŻˡ
죬½ǬһСֶΣһܳɾ㲻Ĳ
ܳɷһ
㲻Ǿ̨ûѶҾֱӰòҪȫŹؽûȥҲ档
ǣҵķҵľ磬ʵѾһˡ
ս֮
ڿ˿½ǬȻһɫҲǶ½ǬΪ尡
ԸѾеˣܹܺܳһȻܹ治ɫվùϸܳһᣬǸˡ
ԹϺ½ǬݵĽ飬ʵùϳܳɵĽ񶨵˵ġ
ֻǣܳĿǰɹĸʣ
ҡҡͷ
ֻ˵漣ˡ

ڵȴĹУˣӭ˳˵Ŀ⡣
Ѿǳϰ˱£ϰĿ³Ϊˣ˿Ҳûסǵǲϰֱӵ
ǣǶԽҪshowûա
ûյ飬ĻǾ
ܳɣҪ𣿡ĻеţƤܰ׵̫ѪɫҲ֪ǲǴ˿΢е㺦¡
Ӧȥɲһ˿顣
Сппλڹ̶Ȼڴ͵ǣӦһҪġ
£ӦĿǲͬͲͬѶȵȼġ
һ߰ᶼûףа𣿡
ࡣʱϺҾС
ۣѾϸ˵ˣǣĿǰ˵һᣬĿǰĹԹؽף֢״أҹɹͷžʲλδ̫ɴ֮
ΪǱṩ˿ԡ
Ҳ˵ͷãаվˣ㡣
ȻѾ޿ˣȻǰֲû
ңܹʮʮ½ǬݶһٵĻ顣
Ҳ顣
εǶܳɡ


ܿ죬ؽھˡ
Ϊ˶ҽѧıұرߣؽھʩȫҳеʿ˶ҽѧרеʿҲһͬ˹
ıʽôеʩרҵ
ܳɼҲרҵ׼ˣﻹûüչŹؽھǰ׼
Ȼһж֮󣬾ϿʼŹؽھĲ
ܳɵĲ
ΪĿͣǱȽרҵˣңֶʲôͨˣˣܳɲҪӽ˵
죬ǳϸ¡
ǿԿõžʡ۴
ǿԿõɹͷ
棬ǽС
ӵ¶ȼŹؽڱܳɣһ̱÷ǳ侲ţÿһرĻڣʱ˺ܶԵĲ
ǣӳȡ׼ȷ΢ȴ˿øֱġ
˸ţӵЩȽ˫֣ǾԲġ
󣬺ܿ죬˹ؼĲ֡
ǹؽҲãǹɹͷµҲã䱾ʾǸԭµľֲȱѪȻ¾ֲĻǵȱ𡢹ؽڼ϶խǹؽݵȡ
õʵǹɹͷļѹ˵Ĺɹͷ޾Իķڣǽ˵ġ
νֲҲҪ㲻ڹؽھ²νֲǰĿռ䲻
ԣҶܺ棬ܳɵҪô
ֲǣҲûռļѹ
ĲܳɵĻϵǲκֵģο⻹Ϊѧݡ
Ѿ㹻ˣܴܲﵽ
˶˼ܳҪôӦԵʱܳɵı仯ˣֻܳһļѹ֮ͨܳɾȻǸѲػʿҪһѪƵĲе
ܳɲûндѪܵĹǰֲҪڹؽھ£ؽѪܣĴٹǰֲ
ָѪˣֲǡ
ȻҲŷ֣֮ܳǰǸͨȻǿµǽ˹ɹͷǻһѪܵĹǻ
һֱӾóը˿
ϺƷ̲סվ½ǬҲգգ۾ͷ
ϵ˶
ô£
Ҫ֪ܳʱҵĲжϸ
ܳҪʲô
ɻ֮Ʒһţ뵽˽취ʹϺ½ǬݣϣС½ܿܳʲô𣿡
ҪҪҸѪƵ˹΢һ¡
ԣ½Ǭݴ˿ˣ
ֱδš
нйɹͷѪ˨IIIڹɹͷȱѪԻġ
ܳģʽ
ʲôŶ
绰аϴߴ١
ҵרõ
ǿѪƴһĽѧƣȻȫѪƵģֻ֪ԼյЩ֪ʶѪƣƤë㡣
ʵͨĵؼҽԺκΣȻǴ´ġ

Ȼڼǣö˻û
ңƷ˵绰ԷҲԼ飬һ̨ĽڣҲڶʮӺ󣬲ҡ
ȵҵʱĲϣѾǳЩѪ
ЩѪܳɾͲųһȻͿʼɹͷһЩˡ
ĽڣˣʮѪƶڣ͹ϴкؿһӡ
תͷʣϹƷڣҹʲô
˶ҽѧ
Ѫ˨𣿡
˵ʱú޹Ѿһʮͷˣ˵Ҫ绰һµġɵ֮󣬿һû
ҲʱеΣæؽڣǣʵģ֮ǰܳɡ
ԪƽȻǹǿƵԺʿͬȻǿԴ
ֻǣԪƽ֮󣬾ȫͿˡ
ڵͨ·ǴǹǿƵĳͨ·ȥİӦǹǿȷĸǰӪѪܰ
ѪƵⰡҲûĲ̡
ҿǣ
ȡ˨е
Ҳûסˣǳֱ׵ؽˣԼûףҲûס
ôˣס˰
ѪƵʱûûף֪ô
ˣֿܳʼֻǿƵˣûס
±ƾһ
Լǳ޹Լɶģ
ֹ˼ӣȻһֲõԤУϽϹҪȻȥ˰ɣңһЩû
ɹԪƽôߣץؽڣҲôˣҲúú÷ˡҪ¶ΪҪע塣
ǻкܶҪ̵ġ
ߣȻȻΡ


ڶʮ ֮ڣܼ
ѧҽԺѪƽڣʿʦȻڿϣδԪƽһǶ߼ĵȥΪԺʿ
ھѧҽԺĿңҲ
ѪƵĶѧô֪ȣԼģҲǲСġ
ôһˣԱţȻܳɽʱвҲԺһ½͡÷ҪΡ
ԪƽǿסѲֻ̾ϹҰҲ˺ðɡƢðԺʿʼ˲˰ҪȥԺ״ȥ
̼ԪƽϣԪƽܷŹ
֮Թǿư΢еӦӦҪԭǣǰھֹһѪƵĴ󲿷˶˵Сӡ
ǹǿƵˡ
ҪǣСӣ˹Ԫƽĺƣȥ˹ǿƵģӴ˺ԹԪƽ˽䱸֮ģٱԪƽˡ
ûû£״ȥ䡣
ؽڣȿ̡ԪƽƷ½Ǭݡ
ȻٴΰĿⶼٴƽҰеʱ򣬾ͿܳѾѹؽڱˡ֮⣬ܳɻ΢С͵Ĵ̡
Ȼ֣ǲ棬Ѫ
ԪƽظпȻСܵ˼·֮ǰǲģϣؽѪˣƹؽĿǰ״̬תɹͷȱѪԻ״̬
󲿷ֵĹؽ޾Թɹͷĸԭ򣬾Ϊֲ˨ȱѪ
Ƶۻǽ˨״̬ѪˣֻǶƵĻǾǻʹ
Ҷס
ǣܳôѪ´̣ʱԪƽû뵽
½Ǭ˹ԪƽĻüͷݺݵ塣
һĲˣڿѪ˵һ̣Ѿˣܳıĳɹ
̣Ҳûȫס
ԭǶ˵ģͨѪܣؽѪˣǾôͨģͨĸΪܳûннͣʱֻ֪ܹݽѧԭȥ¡
ǰѪƵ˹ҲûܳԲǲ֣û취õȷĴ𰸡
ѣѧĿǰеĸָĲϵͳ½ǬݻǾʮֲ˼顣
ͨŹؽھͨɹͷڵѪܣ
Ǻĵ鰡
½ǬݾȻϻػ¿һۣʣλǣ
ȻʵǹԪƽƷ͸ϽˣС½Ǭݡ
½Ǭֵʱ򣬼ûɵؾһͫ΢ڻһع
ԪƽϹ𣬹󰡣
ԪƽĹ½ǬݣΪһˣ˹֮ͿʼԹרѣ񣬶ʮ꣬˭֪˶Ǯȥ
Ϲýý嶼ɱˣ
ΪѧҽģҵͰ˸ˡ
ҽѧؼҵֻ׬Ǯû취ֱв
½Ǭ֪ԼĿǰڹڵǰĻ϶ᶼĻѪƵĽڶѣ޹
ǣ֮󣬿¾ͲһˣԼҪ취ʼˡ
ܳûнͣͬ͵ܹܳһԼ˶趨ģӦĲͨСԼĲơ
Ӯ
Ӯǳֱףûν·
Ĳ½Ǭݲġ
Ȼǰ˵ĻôҪ˵ûعҪعġ
ؽڣЦˡʦչˡ½Ǭ
Ͻƫӣбۣ߲㡣ǹͣСҶҳе
Ǽɵ
½Ǭݣ̫ˣ̫ר˺ĳ档
ڹڣˣһ˲ǣ׵ӣ
Т
ֻϣԶԶ½Ǭ룬ñᣬȻٱˣǾͲֵˡʮˣݣëöޡ
ռ½Ǭݱˣֻϣ½ǬݱС
ϹҪһǻȥɣߵһ㣬ˮƽޣȫסҲָ̰أֱվ
ȻΪ˱ӣ鶼ˡ
±ᣬ½ǬȾƵġ
ԪƽŷӦԼ߻һ½Ǭݣ֪½Ǭݵˣ¶һ
˸־ǿ
ؽڣû˼ǬݽǽѧѵεĴʦĽѧǡ
ԪƽĻˣǸԺʿĸ㲻ˣǱ߻£Ҫģﵥɡ
ش𣬷ǳٷ⻰˼žǣ°ߣˡ
ȻԺʿУҪĸ㣬ɣܸ㵽㻳Ǽؼë
˵꣬ʹҴ뿪ˣҲû
ԪƽıӰ̾һ½ǬݰǬݣ㵽ôİ
㿴𣬵λģڣһҵΣ㶼ɵˡ
ͽֻΪߣΪ飬֪ڵ浽ж
Ϊ¿ܳɵ뿪ģһ㣬Ԫƽõġ
½Ǭݿľ뿪ЦЦȻԹԪƽƽ˵ϣƷڡҿܳɵҲԽˡʣµĲ˾ɡ
磬ʣʱ䣬úõؽһ̨ۻЩ
Ԫƽ½Ǭݷ˷ۡ
㻹Ĵ󣬺Ÿոı֣һ㶼ûȥ
ãһСʦЩ飬Լܹŵúá
⣬ȥܳ˵һ˵ʵʱ䣬̨Ĺ̺ԭ˵øϸ㡣
ԸĻ˵Ҫúõظ˼͡˵ļҽԺԺˣð˵ԪƽŲš
½Ǭ㶣ʣϣⲻ֪¶׵ʱ򣬲˵ǵ𣿡
½ǬǸŹϻģԪƽĴУרҵͿϹֶ֮⣬ദ˴£ҲǼΪġ
˵ʲôΣǻ뷽跨㶵׵ģȫˣøӳ׵㡣
˵˵ļҽԺڵͬУҪôȥ˵ͬУʱʽˣҲҪæһ취
ɣĺݡ
˵ȥˡԪƽﰵ˵½Ǭһ򶼽Ҫʱ򻹶ˣ
ѧϰ·ϣһ£ֻҪΥ£ģǿɹġ
½ǬݾͰ˼ûͲ˳
ܳأԺֻǿ˿½Ǭݣ΢뿪һ̨˵ʵǰıҪӦƺܶࡣ
ͨõ㣬һˣ޾Թɹͷؽڼ϶խȱһɡ
˵ĻôûҪȥ׷νıˣҪôƣҪôȫŹؽûɡ
֮ԻΪ԰ѱŵӦؿҪǻ¼㿼ǡ
һ㣬ˣΪ˱εĹؽûǵؽڼʹоǺбҪġ
ڶ㣬ڶౣĸַУҪʵǣûԼĹؽڣӵһ֢״ǼĲɽչתΪ״̬
㣬һսᣬиָԭ򡣵һĿʼȱٵľѪˣѪ֮ԴڲǷ£Ѫ˵ĵط
֪ʶҾͲ׸Цˡ
ǽ˵Źؽ֮Կ¼ɡ
ּ棬һǽѧرѪܵΣ֮ء
ڶѧǵŹؽڣǿԷ֣ŹؽڲֱӹĹؽڣֱһǰ̶뿪ŹؽڣҹɹǾŹǾӡ
ǣؽѪܵĹУǿҪõѪƵһЩҽƼʵݻ֣Щ򵥵Ѫпȡ˨ѪؽǹǿҪĻܡ
ɹͷڣȱѪͻĵطֻСľֲʱܹѶѪܽͨȫУѪҺȻëϸѪʼؽ
ܹӻǡ
ܳɽ״̬֮ؽʮӡ
ģúܶ˶˵ģرһЩȽϲ˶ʿоͲʿо
ţʵ˵˶ʿоͲʿоĻһǾѧҽԺǿƵоǲʵġ
ʵϣڳϣǵȷһ
ˣлᣬƵˣΪһǵĻܺãǼȻ÷ǳѶȡ
һЩط⣬ΪȻ㹻֪ʶǺȻ
Ȳ
ܹɺˣ󲿷ֶǸϵļˣرƷڵˡ
ԪƽϣȻ׵ģȴܳĻһЩڡ
ģ½Ǭˡ
ֱӾ֣Ȼ½ʦܲǰһ⣿
½ǬʵԼںҪ˽ȨִΪҲˣ츳ãҲֻЦ֡
󷽷ذѻø
˵ܳɣոսЩҶͬ⣬Ψһ㣬Ҳҹͬľǡ
ΪЩ˵ȫ֮ڣڿɲ֮⡣أ
⣬˲õ˴󲿷˵ͬ
ԪƽҲһͲ˵ҾҲˣ΢ɡ޵ĲҲѾвظ԰
ԪƽԺʿΣǿصĲǸжô۷ˡ
ܴ򼸸ӡû취ֱ˿ѧûǶ岻ġ
˵ûãÿ϶õġ
ѧоһҪؾǿظԣظԼǿɲԡеۣʵж޷ظ˵ԱظͿɲԵĻ
ôǼֵٸߣֵҲ൱޵ġ
޷ѧϰļܣǾǹ±ҪԵ֡
ȥôԵ֮ˣ
֮ڣ֮⣬ǲ߱ظԡ
ܳһ£΢˵ͷ˵Ѷ΢еģǿеĻǾͿ취ȥѶȡ
ͱ磬ǿһɡަṹԶѪҺٷĻôĲͻӼˡ
۵ʽѶȶǲɿصġ
ȻʵԼѶҲá
ܳ󻹶һ䣬Ϊе㷲˼
Ȼܳ⻰˹ߡ
ĹߣովԪƽ˵ˣ֮ڣ֮Ĳܳɻһ仹ãⲻǷ
ԣܳ˵󣬺ܶ˶ȭͷ
޺޵أؿܳɡ
ɶ񣬱װˡ
ܳ赭дһ仰ܳɼ˵Ŀǰ֤ʵۣӵѪ˵Ĺؽڱ棬ȫ߱һĿģתеĹؽ֢ǻ
ڴ˻֮ϣҾ̨ıǳɹ˵ġңڡ
ȻңֱóĬܳٴγΪӳⷽ١ָ㽭ɽ
ڣܳɽ˽ӽһӺ󣬵ڶ̨ʹ˽
ˣʣĲ
ҰеǰЧĶԱͼҵģͬǽº͹ѫһذǰ˵ģҲͬʱôҶȥĤݣ
ϣǿеġ
ϣѾƵġ
Ϊܳɣһ̨ĿԣǴڵġ
ȻûҲû취֤ôһ̣ܳ޵аڡ
žžžž
˱֮
ܳɺᡢ˾ҵģ۵ĵطԼҲһƺ󰡡
½Ǭݲ˳˵ϣƷڣλʦͬѧǣΪյĵһСʱǰյһСڵʱ
Һ͹֮󣬾飬֮ǰʱ䣬ȷΪݡҲǣ׼ʱ䡣
յСڣÿС֮䣬СʱϢʱ䣬ֱСڽϣҸ԰źԼʱ䡣
ͬʱҲطĳһСĿγ̣ȥϢɡ
ԣڣҿȥ΢Ϣһˡ
½ǬݲδԵضܳɽиָشʿɶֹؾͽһµʱ䡣
½Ǭ˵Щ󰡣ԪƽҲţҶȥ΢Ϣһ£úðɡ
Ȼ󣬰Сʱ֮¥ϵʾ׼ʱټʼڶݡ
һѧ̫࣬ա
Ȼѵ࣬Բʣֻ١ܹѧİţҪѧġ

˿ʱ
΢е㼤ǳŵغ֮˵ܳɣᣬǼոգǲһ̨ϲ˼
ʵûмˣΪħ츳ߵˣڿѧУܵĿ佱ޣֱ
װıƣϼҽʦ飬Ҳֹһˡ
ξѵʱɱҲٰνʲôħԺǿŮ㣬ֱӰˡ
һװƣһҫûʲôȤġ
ǣԴӵ֮ͷˡԭԼģҲᣬԼģ˻ᡣ
˶ģȻܳҲᡣ
½Ǭı̬һһĳ֣Լһִ֪TMǲǺƽͨ
ɾ״̬£ȴΪ˽㡣
ˣ̨ϣñԼƣǳУĽĽԼ
ͨװƣʲô˼
ǺװƣܹĽУӮˣ
Ͷ˷ۣɵǸƶѡ
һưˮĿܳϹɨţʮּɵƺ㣬ԼȥܳѾۣܹɶ١
Ҳûס
һۣͲҲ֪ǸȽϸ߰ˣҲ£㵱ҵûӰ졣
ģҲɶ˵ģ
Ϊܳɰ
˵ô
Լۺ϶ǿΪԼӲҪӷŵÿ
Ĭˣû˵Ҳ֪ǲڼĻҪҳĴ㣬Է
ֻǰȻҲ˵һܳɾ겻̨ˡ
Ϊô˵Լڲ֮䣬ǧͳ
һ仰ΪܳɣǾ͸ûˡ
ܳɵһͰ̡
ΪǵרҵϾǲһġ
ỹΪѵʱ½Ǭ˹ϺƷȻֱܳߣߵܳǰվ
ֱе̹ȻܳɣԽʱе
½Ǭݾܳɵļ򣺡Ҹطģ
ҽ½Ǭݡ½Ǭһֻ֡
ܳɡܳɸϽ˫֡
½ǬݾʹܳɴһϢҷ
棬Сֻţ½ǬȴͷԼҵطϢȥûǡ
ʱⱩ
ɫӰˣһ߰ᣬ˲۾΢еԲƺȫţʲôطǶ㲻˵ġ
½Ǭ˵תߣȫκεĽ͡
վһӣȰᣬˣⲻħ
ûҪ㡣Ҳã½ǬʦҲãڶ򲻹͵šʵ벻ͨĻ͵һʱ䣬ѧȥ
һˣʵҽԺҲһǳ˼ˣֻǲ֪֡
ҿˣܲûѵ࣬ǳȣ˵ˡ
ţˣҧ
ĬĬسɳţǰˣ졣Щ࣬һӶ׷ϵġ
½ʦԣʦҲ׷Ҳ׷ʦܳɣҲ׷Ǵ󡣡
һҲǴ󡣡
츳ͬˣһĲ࣬ͺ׷ϣΪ˾ǶһۺϳɳȲĵطǱȲû취顣
Ҫڴ˵һֻ꣬ΣҪи

Ϊ֮Ҫȥĵط¥ϣǴϴ£ɫЬһЬ׳ȥģĵطǿĳϢҡ
ҲǹϵרŸ½ǬݣⰲŵһΪʱϢҡ
ϢҺ
½Ǭ˵ҺȲ裬ҪˮĻԼҲҵİ칫ңǸ
ܳæͷദģʽϲģȻҶ죬Ǿ͸ԸԵġͦá
ܳɻڵˮʱ½Ǭ͵ʣʦ˭ڿԽ𣿡
ܳɺݺݵü½ʦʶƣ
½Ǭݵɴ۾˺þãû˭
ɲǣưǰŶоһ꼶ʱ½Ǭݶþˡ
ǲ̶أܳʡ
½Ǭס˶ͷȻһ˵ĻĵĻһû˵ʦҲǸصرˡ
ûҴʲô
½Ǭݾãܹˣ϶ģ߾Ǵʦϣܹȥ֮ġ
ܳҡͷ½ʦ˲ǲ̶ʦҲʦγʦҵһС飬߮硣
ΪһЩ飬˵ǲѧҽˣҪдС˵׬Ǯˡ
ܳɾͰʵ˵˳
½Ǭˣţ֪ˣ˵ǸˣӦþǹ˵ǸΪĸ˫ˡ
ܹôǿӲҪ϶ҲǸ츳ܸߵˡǸ˲šܲԺлĻҲһ¡
ʲô뷨أ
½Ǭٴƽʡ
ܳûףûػ
½Ǭݾ͵ҵ˼ǣԸĻʵԸҳȥΪֻ֪㵽ж㵽츳жߡ㵽׻Щʲô
ڵ㣬ҪѧѧϰľҪѧλѧϰ֮ﵽλáˮƽûһϿɵǸˮ׼־
ҿ԰㣬ңܹԼϲ飬ȥ鰡֮ģֻҪһȥ
ұ֤֮ǻʱѧλѧЩˣǿԲõġ
أ
ܳ½ǬݵĻȻҲˣ½ǬĶģ˼ġ
Ȼ½Ǭݶģֻһ֡
ܳɾ̧ͷʣ½ʦܸңΪʲôҪ𣿡
ʵûбҪĻǲģҸĸ̫ԶҵĿҲ̫ԶңõĶҲԶԶԤ֮ġ
ڹڣҲаգֻҪ˵һʦҾܹõϿɵĲʿѧλ
ңһУڣѧϰĹ̺κʱû취ġңһӣܹѧϰģôꡣ
ģôΣܳɶ֪һܹ޾ʱ䣬ôꡣ˺׶ڴҪ󣬻Զ޷ѡ
͸ýӣ͸ҡ
ǣʮ굽ʮͷʱΣԱǰ̶ȥģǣʵѧʱ
½Ǭ˵û˶ʿͲʿѧλѧܳɶԲҪ
ʱΣܹ飬СҲľ
½Ǭܳɵ⣬Ȼƽ˵
Ҳ·ظ˵µ·ˣҾֱƽ߸ɡ
ҳΪҸױԩˣԩұ˹¶ʱǸʱˣѪ뱨ǣ
ҾֻǸҽܹǵģ޷ǾܹǻЩǮѡҲ׼ĴͱԣҾֻȡǸ˵ǮҪʮꡣ
ʮҲãҲܣǵĸֻҪǾ͵ö໨Ǯ
꣬ص򡣡
ҵʱ˵ǣҪǧ򱶵ķ
Ǿ̰Ҿ̰ˣΣ
˵ʱ½Ǭݲ΢еҾ̰ˣҹȡЩƸҲǧڣ
ʵԩñӣҾҪǮ
½Ǭݽһ֣˭ԩ˭ԩģǺҪûԩǮѡʲôʲô
ԸֻΪǮ
ܳ⣬ˮ̫Һˣ˼˵½½ʦǣҪ˰ɣ
½ǬݵĻ΢е治е㡮˼
أҪ˵ɣأ
ƾǮΪרѣΪ֪ʶѣǴ
Ҫ˵ûɣ϶ˣ
½ǬݿܳЦЦ˵Ͳ˵ɡ
Ҳˣûиҳ˼ѡǶԵģҲǴġ
ǶǴԼô
Դ޾ԡ
ܳ˵лл½ʦ½⣬ʱȷûг뷨Ҫʱһһʱ俼Ǹ½ʦһѧϰ
ܳɾã½ǬˣΪá
ܼǳ
ȻǵǸüǵĳ
ǣе
һˣʮ꣬һҵǧ
ѹڹڰٶȶٶȲ
½Ǭݵ㲻ҵ˼
ھʱ𣬾͸ҹʱˡԣҲü֮ٸҳһʱ䣬ԼĶתƵ
֮Ҫڸҳ㿴һЩ羰
Щ飬ˣҲδؾǺ¡ûܻһЩ
ܿóʵҲһܰˣǣľʵû£ҳ㶼Ǻˡ
Ӵһ㣬ԲϷġ
һ֧ġ
ңһˣʵʦڹ϶ԲԣڵʦΪͽܡʵѾˣ룬ŻѧԿˣ
½Ǭݷ·ܹ͸Ƶģܳɵ뷨˵װס
ôΣתôá
ܳˡ
ѾڴʲôԺʿΪʦˣֻ룬ȥһΣȡѧλķʽǾԼС
еʽܳѾҵ˳ķǾԼĺѣȨ
ܳɾͲţܹȥƪnaturescienceܹ֮
ȻԴҾԼȥԴ˰
ܲңҾԼܣûҪơ
ƽڵı֤ܵ棬ô˭Ļܹأ
ԼȥˣûκҪΪ˶ףʵ
ңܳɵѾԼİźͼƻˣҪ£ҪƵˡ
Сֻһӡ
ϣ벻ܳɵѧ֮󣬲ѡȥһ˵ѧѡҪʦɣ
ôۣûɽգҾԴɽţѣҲɡ
һУܳصúǣȴ½Ǭݿˡ
½ǬݽŵûɣҺ˿̵ľǲģֻѡ˳ѡ


ڶʮ Ҫõģ
ܳȻ΢е㷢㶵ؿ½ǬݣĿ䣬½Ǭݵı￴һ˿˿ĲȻ
Ϊʲô
Ϊ½Ǭݳ֮ǰʲôʱ
ʱٴжǿ
ʱ½ǬЯԼһȼļܣôȫǿƻֻӣҲڡ
Ⲣ½Ǭݵ̺֡
Ϊܳɿҽѧʺһ㣬ǰ׳ա
ܳɴδͿǡ
ģģ켣ɶ
гʼЯܣʼϣϹ̻ļܣҲ߰˸ѡ
ʵ֮Уܳɵȼж٣¶ж٣
ԣܳɲţ
½ǬĿոչֳʵ󣬻˵ʱҲһĻ
Ҫô½ǬûҪôڹⴵţƣԼĹϵ;롣
ǰҵˮƽ
Ұ֮󣬾˵֮˵ĻЩ
ӿмʵʧٵڱϡϵȥġ
ܳİ˵ʱѾ̫顣
ر½ǬݣһҪ΢һľС
ܳɲ˵½Ǭ̸˿˵ðɣ˵ʵҳ֮ǰڱ˶ҽѧϣûڵ衣
ܳ½ʦ⻰˵ÿˡȣһǲ˺ܶġ
ǹ֪ĴڣҲһͨͨСҽѡ
ûʮֵıҪܳɷǳϣ½Ǭݻޡ
ȥж½Ǭ֮µǶǴϾ½ǬݸģҲֻ½Ǭݵһ֮ԡ
һ¶û취ж϶ԴˣòҪйĽӴ
½ǬҡͷɲһͨͨСҽ
ڵңҿܻܸˡ
ˣԲͨͨĸֿݵġ
ԲҵƷҪרҵ۹⣬һǳרҵĹǿҽ
𣿡
½ǬĻܳɲ֪ȥˡ
㿴˿ʱֱʵ½ʦңʲô飿ܲ˵ø׵㣿
½ǬݲڻڵͶ㡭
ܳãȻˡ
ܳ½Ǭݻ˵ܶ˵ǣ˵ҪҳȥɣѧҴɡ
ҸƼһݹƼʦͱħˡ

Ͷʣ
½Ǭݾ˵ûϵ½ǬݵȻãǵ㲻ҵѧͷڹں͹ⶼͦõġ
ΪУҲ㵱ѧֻܺ
Ҫ
롭

Сʱ֮󣬵ڶСۿγ̾ڰСʱ׼ʱʼˡ
ڶСۿΣڿεĻ½Ǭݣú棬Ҳú档½Ǭݽڿκվ˽̨ϡ
ȶԴҾһأҾȻͷ֣½Ǭݾһʾ˳ֿǸ֮󰡣˵ʱм£Ҫ뿪ˣˣϾҪϻϼȥ
£ϺƷ֪
վʣ½Ǭݵ˼ܼ
ΪԺʿҲ˵Ҫ߾ҪߵģϾ½Ǭݲڹڻ죬ԣѹƲ
ԣϺƷˣҲֻǰ½ǬˣȻʱ˹ؽƵڣǰһºһҪеһСĿγݡ
ڣȫ֣Ϊϲ죬ʵҽԺؽƵΣְƣҽʦڡʿоʦӵһͷΡ
Ȼ֮ǰ½Ǭ˶ҽѧˣԪƽ˶ҽѧԺʿؽƵܲðɿ֮ǰ½Ǭݵ
رٿܳɵؽƵĽڣ˿̶øɵ
TNģЩǸʲô˰һһᣬһһ񶼳˾Ƶġ
½Ǭ⣬½ǬݱС˰꣬ȻŴ˶ʮˣ½ǬݣͲǸˣĪ˵ǹǿˣ˵½ǬݺȻһ죬ѹѧƵԺʿһ١
Ҳϡ棬ͲǸࡣ
Ȼ󣬾ֳһڵܳɣĥ
ȻʱΣʵҲǸؽţûдرİǳг󣬾ͷǳɫ˵ܳɣǾô鷿ţϲʰ
١
Ʒʱ򣬿ˡ
Ʒֻ˶ҽѧΣͬ£ֲһϵͳġ
רҵҵģרҵװţơ
ǣܳɣһ½Ǭݣ£ǶԿҵķչǼΪ顣
ٲðǿɹƭһЩҲð
ȻôյɾǣһԼʱ˵вԵĵطܳɺָˣǾѿˡ
Һͻȫֱܶ˿ҽԺؽƵζѹסˣֻ½ǬݵĻ»𲻱Ҫġ

ԪƽƷ˰½Ǭ֮󣬽ͿѾǴǹؽƵ˿ʼ˵ڶĵһ̨ؽƵ
ܳɺ˵ԱΧţҲûзֿܳɣȻȱݣԼҪβȻղβ¼
εѵ࣬ǴƵ˿ģĳǰƣܳɵĳȫһ⡣
⣬½Ǭݸǰˡ
ԣڽнѧ;ܳɾͱϸ˳ȥ
ؽȥǣϢңӦҵеʿҽϢ
ϵſʱ滹һ·Ԫƽ˵֮󣬾Ͱֵʱˡ
ƷŴܳɽȥ
ĿռΪƣֻжʮƽС䣬ļ˫˴
Ԫƽ˿Ψһһϣ˫˴֮ľ룬ù˲Уǽתӡ
Ԫƽû˵Ʒɫʮࣺܳɣ˵½Ǭ뿪֮ǰ˵˺ܾõĻġЩʲô
˵˵𣿡
̧ܳͷ½ʦʦ˭Ҿ͸ʱûоʦȻҵϵʦǲ̶ƣǼҪһʦġ
ǰЩ챻߳ʦţҲ֪ô£һ½ʦʣܲ»صȥ
ȣ
ȣܳ˵ʱ򣬹ԪƽͲؿСܰ£һûü˵Ȳֻ˵½Ǭݣ˵ͺˡ
ԪƽеΣܳɴγҪ⣬Ϊ½Ǭݼûհô࣬Ҳûдܳɣ˶ûü¸߸ܳɵġ
ԲܳΪԼʦŵˣ½Ǭȥʾһ½Ǭȥˣе
ԹԪƽ㣬ֻҪǴܳɺ½Ǭ˵Щʲô֮󣬾ϸܳԼľ
ʲôν½Ǭ˵ܳɴãôЩɲԸ
½ǬҶãܳɴã
һӣʲôõˣһѧͷûиãһΣһҪúõشһѧ˵
ܳɱԪƽ˵֮󣬾;صȹԪƽ˵Ž˵ϣҾ˵¶
Ȼ½ʦôһ˵;ãûʦţúѽ
Ԫƽվʣ㵱ѧأ
ĻôҪСѽҪôСܳɱ½ǬݸϴˣҪôҪСģ½Ǭݿʱɱʱ򱻸ôֲ
Сӣ¿Ƕȫģֶθɴϡ
ͺ񵱳һѪ򡪡
ҾҪǼΡ
һУǾʮڣʮڲоһٸڣûǮר
Щ˵ĽôˣĿǰΪֹûڻܺڣ׼һУ©һ½Ǭݣܾ½Ǭݾһѧҽģʲôһ
ܳɿ˹һۣתȥﰵ½ǬݶԹϵ˽⣬±ȹԼҪ˽Ⱑ
ϾǸӡ
ǣ½ʦ˵뵱ҵѧȻ˵½ǬԼõ˵ʣҪܳɵ˵Ҳе졣
ܳɣƨǣ½ǬΣֻܾһͨҽʦڿڱտھҪ½ǬݵʦΪ½ǬϸԵɡ
ܳɵӣ˵ⷬġ
û취½Ǭ˵˵õĻܶࡣ
վĹԪƽԽӲȻƷ˵ȫⶼһ΢΢˲
˵ɶƷ绰Ʈˡ
Ҫһ°Ҷ֪½ǬڹھһʦǾǹԪƽ
Ʒֻϵʦѡ
ܳæȻ֪½ʦ϶ںҿЦҲû档ҡ
ʱ򣬾ͰܳɵĻˣ˰ֵˣˣ仰Ƕ˵ģû¶Ҷˡ
ܳϽ˻;ã½Ǭĳɾ˰ɡ
ֶʲôˣ
ôһ㶼
ֵֻɣ
ܳɣʵ֮ǰҰħھҽԺγҪҽԺǴ㵱ѧġ
ڿⲢʿ½Ǭݾò̫ʡȻаŵĻҸȡһʦ˶ʿ
ҵҪ֮ʱűҵ硣һǲ浽ѧϰҲøҪĶ
ΨһһﵽҵҪ£ĵλǾѧҽԺõĲʿ˶ʿѧλ
ڴҪ֮£деĵλô
ԪƽͻȻ˵⻰Ȼܳʹģ￴˽Ҳֻܼװǵһֿܡ
ӶɵÿˣʵݳˣȻʧص
⣿
ʦûҽϡ
ңô죿
ܳɾԼܲһϸԱûֿ̫Ͷ룬ֻǼװô
Ѿϰˡ
ңһУ½Ǭ֮ǰ͸˵˵ģȻܳɰѧֻҪܳɴӦɡ
ңĺܳгֵɡ
û뵽ˣɹԪƽԳ棬ܳɳΪѧûָ˶ͲҲ˵ܳҲûбҪ̶ѧϰˣǻѧϰʱΡ
ȫɵʱ֧䣬ȥ½Ǭ£ҵıҵѧλѧǾѧġ
ѧҽԺǿơ
ڹָģ٣Ժķûôء
Ԫƽһ͵ܳɣ£Լӽ̫ھˣûǰŵĻֱӺҽ
ֲܹķʽҶᾡȥС
֪ôŵˣԼԼĹ滮ͰţȻѡҪȥħ϶ĵ
ûϵҪĻҿԳȥħ̸ѧУҪٵγȥ飬ĿĵĻ
ȥ
ԪƽͻȻ˵ô࣬ܳ΢еš
G½ǬݣڹԪƽʲô谡ôԼող˵ô࣬ͻȻԼôˣ
ԼͲǸѧƵģǺһˡ
ʲô
ܳæ֣ϣ⣬ô鷳Ҫ
˵ܸҰһѧͺˡ
ܳɴûǣԼȥħĿġ
չҰõѧ
ȻħԺγԼѧĹϣԸԼһʽоѧôԼܹõõĽˡ
ɣڣһܹ½Ǭݺܹõѧ
ȫ
Ԫƽذ˰֣ʣСܣʵʵǣ½ǬݣûиֹҪعԸ
Ԫƽʱ򣬷ǳš
ڴ
½Ǭݻع飬Ѿγһִһд뻪ҽѧʷҽʷˣΪ˷ɡ
ı٣ܻġ
Ȼ½ǬԸ;֪Ļôͻûô⡣
С
½ʦûʱϸڣҪ֪ĻܵԼȥ½ʦϵˡ
أ½ʦ˵ҪǰϼһˣҪٰ顣ܳɶʵ棬ͬʱİ⣬Լô˵ûб½Ǭݿӡ
ĿǰûС
ΪԪƽδҸõѧƣɵѧƣһжԶԶسԤ֮⡣ֻǣΪԼô˵Ԫƽͻôأ
ܳ벻׵ġ
ԪƽûܺģֻɵǺЦͺáͺð
˵ţϾվ
Ҳˣ·ѾʵѾõԼϣõĴˡ
Ȼ˳ȥſڣǸҽ͵ͻȻţŵһ㵹أȻϵǸǸõ˹ϵĲ֮󣬾͹ԹԵȥҵİ칫ҡ
湤ȥˡ
ߺƷûߣܳɾͶƷ΢ЦЦ
Ʒ΢΢ܳɱȭȻ˵ܳɣǲǲ⣬Ϊι϶ڵ̬ȣôĸı䣿
ţܳɵͷȷĵط
Ʒ˵ΪҪһˣ½Ǭݵʦ˵Ҫһˣ½ǬݸܣǹһӶڼ顣
һֱûõԼҲû
½Ǭݴˣһϲķ֮ˣô꣬δκ䣬ȨǮҲãʲôԺʿǸָ£Ҳá
δԵضκ˵ͷκվһڲشܶԷԼվøߡ
ܵʦΪ곤һʼʦͽݣ֮½ǬݾûʦˡеʦҲǹǿƵġ
㣬Ψһһ½Ǭ˵⻰ˡ
½Ǭݷ䣬ܳɣ㲻ţ㲻û֣ʹһ͸ڻ
϶Ϊôڲһ˲ţᣬû¡ԸΪƸԸ㡣
Ҫƽ̨ȡƽ̨½ǬܻعԹҶԣǴ££ڶԣҲǺ֡Ʒ˵⣬ҲЦǺǵġ
֮ǰܳɻ֪ƷЦʲô
ǣڣ֪ܳӵźܶר½ǬݣܹЩרصڣܹרĺԹҽ𵽺ܴĴٽãܸıҵ֮
ܳʣ½Ǭʦֵ֣ã
ܳ⻰˼
½Ǭʦ½Ǭݵĳƺ
½Ǭʦ½Ǭݶĳƺ
ԣֵáƷεˣϾܳɵ˼Ȼ
ܳˣƷشǶǾ͡
½ǬݣȻڹڵǺǽ壬ǣֵ֣ù϶ôӡݽλ½ǬڹǿĺۼҲǳܼ
Ž
ܳеĽ
Ľ
ƷڣԺǲǣҪѧ˰ܳһ⡣
ƷһӻصԣȻǻӭģ֮ǰ֪ͨһǿ໥ѧϰ
Ȼ֮ǰҲˣҲԲԸѧʾѧʣҪĸѧУıҵ֤Ļ˵һȥԺУ
ⶼ̫ѣֻҪܹﵽıҵҪ󼴿ɡֵѧɡ
ңȻѾ½ǬݺˣͲȱνоúʽ𣬵ȻҪĻҲԸоʽⶼûġ
Ʒظܳɲѧɺѧϰɵľģʽ
ܳδŵģʽеªˡ
ǣ½ǬĸģʽҪõ⻹ھ¡
ٳʲô˰ɣܳӺףʡ
飬TM̫ˣΪȥƵʱ򣬱һ
Ϊȥγƽھƣȵе࣬˾
²ǵΡ
ܳɻԸһεġ
ƷҲ֪ܳɵĿ˵İɣԲܳκαѧ죬Զġ
ллƷڣˣҲˡ
뿪֮ǰһҪúõذлλʦ
ķǳл
Ȼǲ½ǬֵĹ⣬ܳȻллƷ͹Ԫƽһεѧ֮ϣһΪľš
ûһˣããòġ
ȻˣȻġйٷݣ˭Ըˣ
½Ǭ˵ȻǺãǣϵİţȴǸ½Ǭ˵һͷ
ѧѧھѧȫ綼ԣֻҪܱҵ
ŵĴѧ֮һ˰ɣ

ܳɺƷˣٴʱѾԼ
Ȼڶ̨ʱ򣬱ȴ½Ǭ뿪ʧȥ£һܳɣǾԼҲѹܳɣԾͲˣֱӰĻø˻΢һС
óλãõ˱ջܳɣȻҲٺʲôᡣ
Ҳ˳
ֻǰܳóλõʱ򣬸߰ỹе㲻̫ܣƺһֲ֮ʳǡ
Ȼأ̨֮ȥˣȻĻ㡣
һսˣһһ̨Ḷ́Ƕˣҵ˴ڸкͻøС
ǳ棬ǳϸ£ǳ΢ڶΧ˵ǣʵҲģҲдڸеġ
֮ǰǶ̫ǿˣǲС
ǿģһúܺá
һ˵Ҳ˭ǰٷ֮ʮŵˣ
Ȼдڸкͻøеˣˡ
ΪܳɶûְΪڵ򼸸ѧǼ򵥵úܣ
ƵˮƽȻǿȦɵ㣬ǲڸڡ
ǣںͽڵĲܱ࣬ͨ˺͸ڵĲ໹Ҫ
½ǬݵĲܱ࣬ͨĲ໹Ҫһġ
٣ʦѧѵ飬ûʦʱں᲻֪ᷢ

յС֮
ִԼܳɳԷأһ
ܳɾͲþܾϼֻǺԼҪ˵ɣ
ȻܳɵĳԷĵط󣬲ŷ֣ʦʵ뵥ܳɳԸ
ܳɣǳҿóˣǸ½Ǭݣ㣬û˵ڶС棬ˡ
Ȼ½Ǭˣҵˡ
ϣǰ°ܳɿЦ󣬵ӲߣͷҲܷΪи
ܳɾæ˵ʦҾҲǷǳģԺ϶зǳԽĵط
ʵϻ˭Ҳ֪ûгСппλڹ̶֮Ĵºͷ˵ûܴء
ŵ˼άǸǳõĽزġ
ΪţƤǣõǰ
߮硢ɧ
½Ǭݣʦ֡
Ȼʦˡ
ǿ϶Խġһ䣬Թϣ΢Сĵ㡣
ϲ֮ˣλʵǱˡ
ȻĻҲԸĳϣΪĿģȥ½Ǭݽ֡ƽһν棬߾ǵѣһѧ档
û취
ҺܻȥʡУлᣬһﰡҵʱԺóԵġЦŵ
ܳȻǶԹɵģֻǰֲǹϵѧˣ˺ܶǳ
ʦҪУһ
ˣħˣֻʣݺˡܳɿЦĿǡ
Ĵһ߳УҲôҪʶ顣
УǾôԼ˰ҽϣͻȥԺϵǲ΢ţϵң϶ҵҵ䡣
Ѿ鵽ˣnetwork meta˼·ǳûֱ˵Լ䣬ǸܳһһѵͶ״ˡ
ҵĻǾȥһҿ
ܳɾ͵˵ͷһݶʦĴ
ǳ˼һͷСġ
Ϊһֻ־ˣϲĻѵķʽͺñȣдţķʽѡ
Ŷ֮ܳɶû½ǬݵϵʽɶţȻˡ
ǰܳйϵϵʽģ˵绰ִ֮Ʒĵ绰Ҫ½ǬݵVX
ֻǰܳɷ͹ȥĺ룬½Ǭݾˡ
ܳɾյһʼϢΪѧõĹߣԺҲӷ㴫Ͷ
Ȼܳɲŵõ½Ǭݵţ˱֮
ƻõػص˾Ƶý췢һУΪе㲻̫ʵ־ãʵޱȡ
ΣһУԻã
½Ǭݣ֪֪ܳԭ½Ǭݣôһдˡ
һʱʮꡣ
ϰڵǮȥһ˵ʵع⡣
ţ
ͬһ񶾵Ķһǳǳ𡣵ǣķʽȴܹ󡣲ǰ֣ڵʱ򣬰ǿˡ
廹ûķʽܳɲ½Ǭ˵ģԹ޻ڡ
еҲˡ
Ͳ֪һƥǺǶԻǴ
أΪΪ⣬õʱ˼Ҿǻǡҵǵʱ򣬱˰㵱ˣؾصġ
νأɡܳɸпš
Ȼֽӵ˵绰Ȩġ
ԼȾơ
ԭǣ̸ʧˡ
ܳɵͷû˵ʲôܿ͵ȨԼʱʹ
̫ˡ
Ȼû
ǳʺϳԻ
ֻǣܳɾͷ֣ܳɽȨǰһѵ⣬¼ʮ̣ɺ⣬ʣֺϳ⡣
𣿵ôﰡܳɼˣû·
ⲻ˷
ʮ⣬һǶʮ˭Ե°
ǮҲô찡
㲻ֵܣȨ̧ͷĳһȻתͷܳɡ
϶㰡ܳһƨ
Ȩֵ֮һ˭Ҳô˵
Ȩ͵͵ʱĳ棬ʹǲáҺԷƾɶͲô죿
ȻȨٸһ£Աһ£ٵ͡
ܳɾ֪Ȩˣʼˡ
ܳæվȰοԱҲʼȰ˵ȨȨӣֱ֣֡ǳԺúȺþˣų˺ðɡ
ʲôòã˭ԣʲôڼ۸񡣡
˵ĶˣûҪˣ԰ɡ
ȻԷԱ˵Բ𰡣ǲüӲˣ̫˷ˡ
ܳٶļ˿ʼȭǸ˼ǣ˼ˡ
Ȩ˵Ȩӣڲ̫˳ʵҲûҪģ棬ֻ
ȨпĶֻⲻͬлơ
ĿǰгѾ̻ˣٴˣܹʲôµͻƣԭегƣеСĻ͵ö׼ˡ
ꡣܳæ֡
磬Щ⣬ǲˡͳ⡢Ⱦƣ²ۺðɡеĻ⡣


ڶʮ ֵôţƣ
˵ĵطͻн
֪ܳĿǰȨݾһе˾ϰ壬ǣҪе뵽ÿҽԺҪķģҪϲ·ߣҪѿĹϵͨ
ҪȥҪڽȥ֮ʹãǿгⲢһ׵顣
ʱܳɿܾȨȥˣԸ⵱ĳͲ²һЩ߰飬죬ܳɲԸ⡣
Ϊ߰飬Ѿˡ
һȨ
ǧٸҲû½Ǭ˵ôݣ𲻽ֻԸˣıһʱͿСʱ򣬻ŵûģνˡ
Ȼ˺е뻢ıƤ˼
ǣ뻢ıƤ뻢ıƤǱϵõĶ治١
ԶģȲ˵½ǬڹȡĶκ˶˵ġ
ˣ½ǬʲôҲãܳҲֻǼвˣܳɲţ½Ǭˣڳμ棬ͻҪ
ֻҪ˲½ǬҪıʲô᲻ᷴıҲδء
Ȩ֮ǰЩ˿ܳô˵󣬳ĬƬ̣͵ͷ˵Ͳ˵ǽʹʹԡ
ôȥԼҪȥͽˣܳɵǰȦˣܳ˵ǵĸ㲻ãҲ˵Ժܳɼɵӡ
ܳɲȨ˵ҽʲôᣬҲûر·
ûҪֱӰܳɵĵĸٵҰȨɻǼǵԼ칫˾ĳԵģǾ취һ𣬶ԽԶȥ
Щ⣬𣿡
Ҫ£˵ĻǾ˵㣬ûӡܳת˻⡣
һ̵ıʮܹʮ̣ӽǧˣˣĳԲôࡣܳһθڲС
ȨˣãôӳԣܳԶǶ١
ʵЩˣͶ˵ģҺΪ˲˷Ѷѡ
ңڻ꣬˲˵ģͱΪԱˡֲǳԲ𡣡
Ȩ̬ȣ֣ȻĿƺڳĳȥĿ䣬ɫӣҲ֪Щʲô
ܳʵѾںȨʼˣڸЩɶȨأ·һأֱؿһ
ܳɰֶûʶصʵǣܳɾߵȨԱߣȨŵĸ߶ȣȻȨ¿ķȥ
㿴ǸŮĺƯɣܳȨһ¡
Ȩ͵һ£ƫͷ˵ʲô
ôһµĹȨĽӣѱˣˮ࣬Լת˼Ȧ󣬵˵ϣˡ
piaһ˲ٵĿ⡣
û°ɣܳЩǸؿ˿Ȩ⺢ʧеɵˡ
ʱǿŮʱżôʧ
ۼķԱϹͿʼɨһæӵȵȡ
Ȩҡͷһҿûʪ
Ȼһ£ûطʪȻĻȻȥһ·ݵıʪ·߿ӣζΪлС
ⲻΪڿĸŮ
TM⣬ëأ
ǲǹϣ˱ȽѲģ
ҪǾ˵˵ҿһ취˵Ļôͽɡ
ܳȻȨ²ۣٸһЩ顣
ôãҪ²ĻôԸȨ²һµġ
Ȩع󣬶Ӽ⣬ʵǣ֮ǰԼһСҽԺĸΣٽ˳ԷĵˣԷˬԼˡ
֪ǱǱڵľָԼˡ
û취ǳէǲҲֱӶǳ֣ǣ˽вͶҪĽˣЩֶΣǱȽϳġ
ÿһжװ
ʲôҽԺĸΣܳɼ׷ʣʵǴȨ˵㡣
СҽԺֵһᡣΪǾѧҽԺߺЭĸΣ˵ˬԼˣôҵȰ꣬Ҹ̬ã
ɾСҽԺĵӣ򲻽ȥջ𡣡
MDЩЩֱֶ޳ݶ߿ˣҸ˵
Ȩ˵Żʱ򣬺Ȼͷ֣м˹
Ȼڼ˵Ȩվѿ¶˽׵ݣϹϾغΣá
λǡ
ʦڡáȨͬһ˫֣һջƵģҪȥνĲ֡
ƣ˲Ͱһ
Ϊ׵һ˸Ǹ±ƣԲ¿һͻȻĴڹԵһִֻкá
Ȼ˰죬ûȨ׽ʲô֡

Ȩæҽ˵ڣȨԺ벷ڶա
ΣáǰЩġ
Ȩ˴кܳҲǲæȨĶλ˳װˣЦЦʦáþò
ǵ𣿡
˵ȨͻȻףøڲȻηǳ⣬Լİ΢еʧĻ
ôܳҲͲȻ׽ͻԼİţֱǲٵ
ڣáϽһʱ򲷺ȻԼĹͷ
Ļû꣬ͿȻȻڿܳɺϴ㵵תӣȻ˫֡
СܣСܰɡɰȻǳ⡯Ҳ顣
Ȼġ⡯飬ܳż飬Ȼ֪ˣܳѾ˾飬ԼϼҲǳԽڽȥܳɵ顣
ǣȻδħĹǿϣϾֻܳǳѡ
ɣ
ڣȻټܳɵ;ϲǾͲˣǾãܳɾȻܹõ½ǬݵϿɣڹڣĿǰڶһ޶ķݶ
ͬϹԪƽԼǿԺʿĴڣ½Ǭݣ˭
ôһ£κ˶ܺܳɵĴںܳɵ
ң·ֱ֮ĳԣݺݵһ´ȣʹ졣
һôõӣ֪ˣǵòκˣõʹ졣Ǳ½ǬȥǱӢۼ棬ϧѡ
ˣȻžã֮ǰܳйһ֮Ե
¾ͲԼҪúõظܳ׼һԵˣҪܳҪһԵָԼˡ
ȻȻôػظܳɣϾͰѵߵĻȥ
ȻؿȻı飬֣ȻķģܳɸˣǷ곡Ϸң׵ǡ
ܳʣʦһӦ¶ȥ˰ɣұǴߵѵȥݷġ
û뵽ˣ֪ʦһԵ𣿡
⣬ǹġܳʵֻǿѡ
Ȼ϶ǲġ
󻹿ЦȨȨӣûϵɣʦ֮ǰһħǿʱʦ
Ȩܳ⻰ʵЦæͷ
Ȼ԰ΣһԵɡŲȥҲСȨǳλ
ȨΪҪپгԶҽԺĴŴҵԱﶼ
֮ǰǸΣֻһ¼ѡ
ǿΡ
ȨԼģǵ涼ˣȨǱңûͬԷȨֻԼˡ
ǣʳˡ
ȻԸԷǾòˡ
ȻεҲǾѧˮ̶ĸڣܹͨôܹߵһҶȲġ
ûü˵
Ҿÿ԰ҾÿԣΣأ𣿡
ҪǲĻҪ´ԼɣȻǳֱӡ
仰ֱӰˡ
Ȼȥˣˣһ̻ģǱ߻ме̣Ϊ˸лȻʹǵе
Ը֧еҶнѧѾһ
Ҫ;ѲȻˣⳡл磬ǳˡ
ʱǳε˵⣬ڣѾ
ΣҪ´ΰɣ
СܲǾˣһʣûôλһר㣬ҲɡȻҲ˵úֱӣûرɵ
ԷǸʡǮȻǻˮ̶ĸڣȫ룬ͱҪԷĻóʱһ̨ɵߵġ
Ҳǲӡ
ԣʱһæڣˡˣܹǵңҲӣֻдܣȻͬгЦ˵ǲˡ
ൣ
ȻȻǰֻǸڣʵھѾһģһУѧúܺãרҵҲ֣Ժ϶Ҫ־ȫǿЭίԱ߸ίԱġ
ͲȻûҪ
ȻŵĽڳԣҲٽһܹǶˡ
Ȼɲҵܳɵ棬һ˵æ˵Σʲô
ֻԸ㷹ѣҪȥðɣǶ⡣
ΣǱ߿϶кܶҪأϣܹСܶһ¡
Ȼǳ侲ҲֻܵͷǳʶȤ˵õģڡҵȻԾ㣬С
벷Ȼ֮󣬻Ԥȵİ
ȥ֮ûȻͶʵGΣǸأֻȥ˰ɣ˵ҪԷ𣿡
Բ߻
˵е̣Ҳˮ̶е̣ϣܹǣϲȻߡ
˸ˡ
˭TMôĿŵˣŪȥҡƢϾҪߣӴˡ
һۣ˵лϰ壬λɲǸеġ
ӦǸҽúܣһǲڣԼȥģҪȥˣ
ôһ˵Ǹлϰ˾ˡ
ͬеĻǴûʲô
Ĵ˲ô˵ĻǾΪˣܶԷʲôԼ鷳ǣԼϰ嵫ԷĻԼݺݵشһ١
Ȼ˵еҽ֮ĹϵŦԽˣر٣Ҳǳˣܴ˱ˣҪ˰Ǯ顣
ֻǣòȻҪˣЩʲôأ
ΣҪҪһȥһ
ơ
ôģϵҲôߵġ
ȻɣڹƲ̫㡣

ȨܳͻȻվһ£ֱӰѲȻˣʱһ±ơ
ܳɼԼֵôɵţϽʷԱûаᡣ
ϾҶ찡
ϾΪѹߣԣܳɵ˺ܿͱˣʵ֮ǰʹֻȨͬѡ
ȵȨ·Ӧ󣬾뿪ˣ̾רƿę́¿ˡЦǺǵؾҪܳɺͲȻơ
ɲȻȴֻǿȨһۣ˵˼λͬѧҲȾơ
ֻΪȨҲܳɵͬѧ֮ܳǰħѧԼʦˣɱԪƽƥˣֶΡ
ҲΪȨħġ
ڣû£ȵˡȨ룬ⲻȾô̸أ
ɲȻˣһֱȾơ˷ˣȻȻҾֱӵˣ˷ѡлл
˵꣬ȻȻֺܳȥһЩ⡣
˾۵ԱȽ棬ңȨһֱǲȻʣһֱؼӴѶȣҲ֪Ϊ˹⿼УܳأֻΪΪܳɡ
ȻȨͲŷ֣˺棬Ȼ̬Ⱥɫˡ
һʼ˶ܳɵ𾴺
ȻֱЦŵСܣ̫СְƲһʿվĹ
ϧ
ȻĿǰǲʿѧѾڣǻûвʿվĹһֱϣԼܹȥѧ㶫
ȻӴĶһֱܵǶ
ȱ룬ǾǳΪԺʿǸߵĿѧ
Ȼ֪Ѻѡ
ȫôǿҽʦѹʻδʵĹǿԺʿʮ⻹ôۻôס
ԣҪԼԵֲźá
м䣬һЩˣͺñȣȻŴ˲ʮ½Ǭݣǳϵͳˡ
ԺʿҲԺʿܹõ½Ǭݵİ
ϣԪƽΪԺʿԭ֮һ
Ϊ½Ǭݵʦأռ˷ݶͣһ֧꣬ԶԶԺʿߣ
ܹܳ½Ǭݸ
Ȼܹȥ½Ǭߵ̫Ŀǰ߽ܳϵǴҶ顣
֮Ϊܳɵʵĺǿ
֮ԲңΪ½Ǭ˵ˣҪѧϰĶ˭Ҫ˼֮ǰ˵
ǻκĿģҪˣܳɵߣһ½Ǭݡ
ԣʱңǣʵҶġ
ȻأӵȻദɡ
ܳɣ½Ǭʶ֮ǰʶ˵ģн飬޹ء
ȻʵˣлĻԺúõȥ˽ͽӴһܳɣкͳܹõ½ǬݵϿɣͶ
Ȼ󣬽ôһʣȻ˲͸ˡ
½Ǭ֮ԻôܳɣΪһɻعҲǵһȥеɡ
Ϊܳʵ
һУ½Ǭ˿ģȻҲ˿ġ
ҲʵܳҲǿ
٣ദʱ򣬲Ȼʵеרҵ֪ʶܳһһͣһ⣬
òȻһ֣ʵͼҪһ¥˵ĸо
ȻõĸܷʱٴαùŹ
ǣ
û½Ǭݳ֣ôĻܳɵҰǲǣܶû½Ǭݵ»ᷢ飬һЦ
źܶϷᵱһʵʵ¼ҽһѧ
Ȼɳӵӵʵʸʱ٣
ܳɣлл
ַԷθȻִ
ȻһĻȨˣһ±Ƶվڶ棬գ۾
תͷʼҡ
λأ
أ

ûС
һĻѾʱ࣬ҪƵˣһ˵ĽŶڴ


ڶʮ ˵ûӣ
ܳɿȻĶ΢еŵϽվ𣬰ѲȻס
ʦʡ
ҵ𡣡
Ȼһʦӹɵġ
ܳɲûررԼֻ֮Ǳֳ˺ѧƷʣȻͶ޻˵ҲָܳһЩһ룬ϣܳѧϰ
ʱܳɣûʲôϼš
ԣܳɣҲǲϣȻΪ½Ǭݵԭԭ򣬾ͱøӾͿġ
ȻҲûرؼʲôЦЦܳɣллոյָ̣лл͡
ŵΪʦ
ʵҲϲ񣬿ɵʱҸ㽲˵ʲôʱҲǶ˿ġ
˵Ȼеˡ
Ϊ˼˵ڻܳ㵱ʱҲеεİɣе£
Ͼװߣǿ˵̣ʲôϲΪ
ܳɿǺܺѧȥΣδؾǱѧϰȥġ
ȻԼͿܳϲѧϰΪǿ֮šȻ˽֮ŷ֣ѹͲǲţѾǷǳµĳƷˡ
겻֪ζΪ´ǿ˵
Ϊ˼˽ѧ֮⣬ͼװԼʦҲƵ˼
룬ʱԼܾǸС
ǵģʦҴûôһֱǷԷθĸлʱָ㡣ܳæ
Ȼ˵԰ҲˡԺлĻϣཻܹźá
Ȼ÷ǳҪҽѧߵøԶһЩѡԼŬ츳ȱһɡ
Լŵʦԣ֮ԲһţԼȡõĳɹ΢˵⣬ԵҲԭ֮һ
κ˶ڳԼĲ㣬ཻѣݷΪʦǼõ顣
ܳǸ𲽵Ľ׶ΣԼӵôһᣬʦҲãĸͼҲգܳɽãܹԼ
ⷴͲˡ
ȻܳҵһȨ˾κˡ
˵ʵȨ⣬ԼΪ˽ܳɵˣԼܳɵֵܣˡ
ܹܳõϴѧҽԺĽǵϿɣΪ߮ͻȻ룬֮֮ҪȥħԺγԺʿȥΪƵ͡
ȻܳԼ㹻츳õƵϲҲԭ֮һ
ǣΪýĻϰ
ܳھ˭ˣ
˭ټ
ûС
ûһе£ܳɾȻҲܹôش뵽ڲҿŲȻ˿ĳ棬ܳѾֻǴڲôˡ
ǲǿͷȥŶ
ܳɣ
Ѿôǿô
ܳɸ磬ڣҪ߳ԱģȨΪԼԺܳĺܶģȻ˳벷Ȼһ¡
֮ȨͷԼ岻ˣھֻЦ
ȻԲɵӣ֮Զܳ˿Բֻǿ
ȻһȨͷȻеȨʱʲôӣĵúúõģֻܼװеڳԣڳԡ
ϾǮĹƾλү˰
Ҳʱ򣬾һͷһкžƱԶˡ
ԶͿغڣҺлܰרһ
⻰ܳɺͲȻҲתͷȥ
˵ľ֮ǰӲȻ뿪
˵ǹͷһС׵ҽԺĹǿΡԱߣһкžƱЦȻڿȨŴ
ɫ͵һ䣬ͫӥbһ󣬲ȻƬ̣Ȼ˼ɫð˼֣ȻŻع
ӿʼҴ
лܣҲŲȻе̣һģͬе̶֪ȣҪԶ˸ߡ
ȨҪгģΪ֮ǰͽӴ¼ֻǱԼ˽ˣԸ뵽г
ǣڣվȨģΪʲôǲȻأ
ңȻȽϤӡ
ȻԾվǸ˵ܳɣλǳҽԺǿΣҵˡ
ţȻֶ˵λҽΣ֮ǰͽܹˡԺοԶչһҽ
ȻΪмˣȻҪúкʹϵ
ȻȻ⻰ǴļƵġܳ˵ͨ㣬ǲϣȥܳɣûҪܳԺ϶йĽӴ
һħһǧ
Ȼ⻰ǲŵİЦ˵ҽͲλԺ˵û̶λĵطհ
ҽҽ곤㼸꣬ĻԺԽžС
ΪھȦˣûܳɣһܹȻô֣ضԴˣԲʲôˡ
ȻȦô΢һ£ûϵģ£˺øУԺ˵þΪԼһ·
Ҳ뷢չģȻΣҲȥѧҽԺڻ߽ڵģǾҪͬеľټϿɲС
ܳδػæǿ㣬ϺȣҲð
áܳɲİ˽Ҳһ
ߵлܣҲǰһһһڣҲȨ
ܳҲ֣Ȩںлܿڽ̸ĹУǷ·Ƕδֵһ˵ԺһҪչ֮Ļ
ҲΪȨ֣òȻ˲Ծĵط
νл뿪󣬲ʵСҽеһ𣿡
Ȩ͵˵ͷǵģڡǰǺܳɸһģޣʵǲ֪Щʲô͸ˡ
ģܳɸʦҲܳɸĹϵΪѵġҲκ鷳
ҪĻҿԳһٷУκΪĵطֱӴ绰ܳɸ״ͺˡ
ȨǰͰѻͨ͸ˡ
ܳɵˣҲݹϵģҾҪ£㣬ҲǴϼ￪ʼ˽ིʲô
⻰ǶԲȻ˵ģҲǶܳ˵ġ
ȨǱȽֵܳܵġ
ȻԺ϶Ҫܳɶչˣڵܳɣڷչͻ۵Ľ׶Σʱڵ㣬ܳɵչԼĹ˾ĵġ
ԼģܳԼȥˣǲġ
οȨǵãܳ˵Ҫ˾Ĺʦ飬ûõҪҪţԭǡ
ܳɺϵҪҪȥ˺ϵ᲻Ӱ쵽˽
ǲȻ˵ҪûϵҪôžͰţҪǮǮǴ˿һɢˮ̶Ҳˡ
ܳǲеġ
ȻȨѻ˵ôǷǳĽСô˵ĻҿɾҪ˹
Ȼ
ܳɸ磬ҵƷӦװɡȨתͷܳɡ
ܳɾ˵ڣȨȻƷûġٰҶǸ֪һвãһŵġ
ңǽڲϣҲ˵ص顣
Ȩܳɿ϶Ҫͦġ
Ȼһ£͵СܣСţոս⻰ĵĻǷҶãǹ˾ҵע⡣
лĻкõĲƷǻǿԽġ
ȨȻҡͷڣƷǿԽģĿǰǹ˾ɫƷ࣬Ҫ˵ġ
ͳ⻰ҪĻҲҪǹ˾ĲƷ֮ˡ
ȻĻԼҲδ̫Щ
ڣǽ죬ֻԷɡ
ȨʼգȻ֪֮ǰܳɺͲȻĵרҵרҵ֮Ķܹġ
ܳɻûг֮ǰҲħĬĬŵʱ򣬲Ȼͷǳĵصܳɵʦԡ
Ȼ˵Ʒ϶ֵġ
һƷõʦһƷõҽȨԸԾ֮ķʽദཻܶһġѡһ⣬ûɶϵ
ȨҪģֻˡ
Խ뵽һУȨԽ˽⵽ˣĿǰҽеҵ󻷾רɵѹȸУжǿ
ڵĹ˾ÿһеͻ֧һרѡ
ȨֻϣԼܹеȻأ˳ܹܳɹ£ţȨ㶫ȻĿģûǵġ
ֻҪܳȶ͵һȥΪƹеԱܳɻȥ
ʱҲһǳ顣
ÿòʣŶס˳ɼôҲˡ
⻹İȻеס
ǰ˿ڣ˵ڳԷˡֺԵľˣҪİţǶǲġ
أ쵽ԼɿˣȻȨˣǵûƣƷܡ
ҪһֱôĻֻ֤ţ氡
Ȼģڡǽ첻̸ȨЦ˵
Ȩ벻ϧһд۰ѲȻµģǼȻܳôһϵôͲˮˡ
֮ˮ

ȻҲر󣬵ǱܳɺȨ곤ʮꡣ
˿̵ͻȻе㴥
Լйôõ
еĻȥأ
ûеĻΪʲôأ
ΪѣⶼԲˡ
Ϊе̣ԼΪˮ̶ĸڣ˿ڣֲֻ顣
Ҫ֪ǿǻˮ̶磡
ÿеڶʮԪϵģڣܹúܶҹ˾е׬ͷˡ
ܳɺȨ˸ŸţͿʼˣ￪ʼߺȣţƣ˵ȫû¡
ȻԼȫǸˣ˵Ȧ
ԣȻժԼͻȻߵݣ˵ܳɣСţҿﻹе飬Ȼȥ˰
ܳɺȨ˾վѲȻ͵ſڣȨ֧˳ѣȻܾûܾ·ȨϤˡ
ȲȻߺܳɲŵȨӣʵողѾɿ˵İ˵ÿԾͶһ·ˡ
ЩǮ׬Щá
Щ϶ԡ
ȨŵˣЩ¸ﰡ㻹ҲԷ𣿲Ǯ𣿡
ߣǼȣϲ
ȻȾˣܳɻ˵ȲɣɳʱѾͷ˶컹пΡ
ȨһЦթɫݣãǾٺȵ㡣
ڻôãĺĽ
ܳɾ˵ĽƨΪΪ
ҪôǮƽˡ
ʵ˵ܳȨĻۺͽۣδؾܹĻȨһȥ˾ȥѧܾȥѧˡ
ҲܾȥѧЩˣû̫ĺ֮ǣαؿ˾Լأ
ȻȨ
ȨҲ֮ǰ츳
߿㵥ƷĻġӢĻѧͻѧܳɻĲ̫º˭ȡ
ǣûô
ȨЦţôû˼˰ʹ࣬ҵĿ֣㶼᲻
ͬʱȨ룬ҵƽɲͶϾӻô
MDһһ
ͨ˵ദǲһᰡ

ٻصλϺȨͽӵ˵绰֮ǰԼǸδģ˼ʣܲܰѲȻԼһԸ
мѵģҲʶһ²Ȼ
ȨһʹˣǸߵе˾ˣϣȨһгȻȨҪȻ
һ׬Ǯȥˮ̶Ĵг
Ȩֻ˵˼ҺͲڲϤϤѡ
ѲǾġлл
Ȩ˵úֱװʲôҽԺĹǿгӲҪˡ
Ҷϵ绰Ȩ;ãûɵ泩
˾֮󣬵һξôʹ졣
ϣʣ֮ǰˣҪҪߵϵСžܾˣΪԼˡ
֮ͱ˺һ٣ûϵ
Ȼ֣ܳɵġ½ʡȨҵġ
ɸ¥ƽһп϶ǿԵġ
ܳɾʣɶģôᵽ˲ˣ
ȨذֻһţЦЦ˵˵ҸոǷֵ𣿡
ܳɾ˵ʲôŶҾǸСආǧڿĶˡһжǼ󣬲Ƿ곡Ϸѡ
Ȼڣˮ̶ġ
Ī˵ˣǲ̶ʦʦ˶԰֣Ǳ֡
ʲôأ
Ȩϸµطһ£Ҳܳ˵е͸ӿˣǸãҲûҪȥʸϲȻڡ
Ҳûʲô鷳
ǡ
Ȩ˵ŵʱ򣬺ȻȨĵ绰
Ȩؽӵ˶ߣôˣԷ
ʲôȨֱ꣬վ
˵ģȻ˫ֱۣܳɵɨӸͣ
ӣȨһƽ𺳺Ͳ˼顣
ֽסֻֻǱԵ
ʲô£ôţż𣿡
Ȩͷˣţ¡
һ£һǳ֪ģҲҽеģ˵Ҫǽкڹڽӡ
ڶ£֮ǰͶȥ˺üҸûлӦĽڣǻӦ
һңǾѧҽԺĹǿƣǹ˾ʱ򣬻֣
ڣǴ绰ҡ
˵꣬Ȩͷ۾죺ڣܳɸ磬ʵûʲô棿
ûʲôϵȨܹʵʵĻܱΡ


ڶʮ ǿߵ˼ά
ʱۣĿǰԣڵĹǿƣۺʵǿʮҽԺռеһ
ѧˮ̶ѧҽԺһҽЭѧһҽԺ
ҵۺʵʵһ̶ϣҲеĲ
ڡĺܶе˾Ƿǳϣܹ⼸ҽԺռегݶġ
ȨڵĹ˾ʡأûܹϴѧҽԺȥ
˾֮󣬵Ȼϣߴߣˮʹ֪ҽԺϵˡ
˭ˣ
ûУһտҵõĹ˾˵䲻ģȫ˶ɣˣһˡ
ˣȨҲôӭСҽԺĸˡ
еһвʵʵġ
ڣ
ѧҽԺĽڣȻԼϵ
ϵ˾Ϳ϶к
ȨһȦ֮ܳ⣬Ҳıˡ
ΪԼǿĻô֮ǰԼǵʱ򣬾Ͳᱻһھܾȫûлء
ֵһУȫǳȨ֮ġ
Ȩǲϣ֮ܳĹϵģ
ǡ
ôһ⵽ǰķǳջ󣺡磬˵ܴӦ𣿡
ȨճܳɵĶܳɸ磬ھ׸硣
G
ܳɴ˿̵ɫҲΪ̫ȻĬû
ܳɣֻڰҽԺʱ򣬹ϹһӡʱΪԼѾһķˣؼ֮ȥħʱе緢ġ
Լܹһҵģɵħ֮󣬾ֱӱһΡ
ǰ漸죬һÿαøЩ
ԣܳĿǰҲԼûˡ
˵ԼðɣȨӡ
ʵĲ֪ºûйϵҾǺûϵġҲŲš
ܳҲ֪ȨΪ֮˾Ȼǽֵ˾ҲҪؿгܹΪӯ
ǣܳĲ֪£Ҳû취ȥƿؾѧҽԺǵ˼
½ǬݿԣǣֻܳܳɣҲ½Ǭݵĵ
½ǬݾûбҪΪˡТ˳ԼŰȨҲˡ
ܳɲܹȨϢźţȨΪԼܹ˵öѧҽԺĽڣȻɴľߡ
һʵʵ˵ֿĽ͹ͨٵ顣
Ȩһһã
ˡǲܳɸģǧ˿ƣǵҪӿڲа
Ҿֵ֪ܣû
ܳɷ˷ۣžû׬Ǯֵܣǽ˵Ŀ

ȨüͷǸŻиֵҪҺڵֵܡ
پһ
磬ҲҪҺڣǽдҵ

Ȩ̫֪Լε˾Ƶġ
ΪˣȵþˣҲˡ
ƻûȫѹɵ绰ˡ
ιáСšȨȻʶ̫֪ԼǰݺͶλǳͿ
ڿ˾֮ǰӴ绰˼ˣԼ
˵罻ţ֢İ˵ؽϣҲöԷù
ɿ˹˾֮󣬳Ƕӣܶطˡ
֪Сţࡣ
½ǬݣǬҽҵġ½ǬԱ˼š
Ȩ㶣ȻһȦ԰
ǻأG
磿ǿеģûнǬݵİ磬ǲǴ˰
ȨУʡڵе˾T̨ûӮ˵ϹġһǷǹǿеĲĵĹ˾Ŷ
ټϾ΢еҲòˡ
Ҵ绰ˣʲôģͻû¡
½ǬݵʱͳĬˡ
Ȼʮӣ˵죬Ӧýӵ˺üǹ˾ĵ绰ɣŪġ
ܳɣ𣿡
еΣԱ˼ţ䱩ˡ
Ȩԣ̾һӾ˲١
࣬һ֪ܳɵˣرࡣ
˵G½áá
Сţ֪½绰кָʾ
Ҫ˴Ҫϣ
ֻǺ氡˵ڴɹʼ֮볡ģΪʲôҪ׬ǮⰡ½Ǭݺֱס
Ȩϻ˵½׬ǮģĿľΪǮ½ǴͶô
ǵĻҿݷ½ǵ̸ԣ
½Ǭҡͷʱûպ档
ҪҺĻҽǰ˽һǬݣٿ԰ٶһ¡gooһ¡
ңǵĺܵʱеСգԸеô
ţȨ㶡
½Ǭݾ͵ûϵ㸸׿϶סҪȥ˼ɣ£ΪһӣҪİĻ
֮ԲֱϵΪһС
϶׵ġ
ôһЩ·ҵĳ⡣
ԺЭҽԺܹյסĻˡٶĻ͵ǲǻͼˡ
ȨϸµţȻһ䣺½һɵ𣿡
Ϊʲô
ȻⶼǸɵĻΪʲôҪأ
˵½Ǭݾ͹Ҷ˵绰
Ȩɫһ첻˺һһԼøĵ绰öԷ鵽Ǭ֮
һȦȨԼûģϸһȦȨ־ã½Ǭݾֻ뿿ؼҵĻôǾԲɵ顣
¶ÿ档
ԣʵŽӰ춼
½Ǭݴ绰ʲô˼أ
̫

ɳС
ĳСڣ߮紩ŵ˯£ſȣ̨ԡ
ڼߣΪеů˿䡣
ϣϻдС˵绰˵Եı
˿⣬΢˸ǷȻδżʣ˼Ÿָزġ
һ裬һ̣һǧ֣һ졣
Ǵ󲿷С˵ҵ״̬ǲдʵûеʱдκζɰͰ͵ģûκе֯ǲ䱻ųġ
飬ʹԼĿʱ绰
һȴİ绰
߮Ϊ˰Լܾöûڿˣİĵ绰ټҹػɳУĪƭŶ
룬߮绹ǽˣι
ûԱţֻǿһ䡣
߮磿绰һͷƮ֡
İǶԷȷʵʶԼģ߮üͷһ壺ǵģ֪գ
㲻Ҫ֪˭ֻһ⡣
ԸԸҸæȥʵʵصоԱ
ҲǸˣǸˣܳɡȻҸнһڣô绰٬ƺ˵Ǯ۳ԷˮѰһ
߮ԣüͷһ壬滺½Ǭʦ
ȻǴ˰ǰϿõģҪԸҵˡ
ϧҰŵװ׵ģ˾ˡֻǿиȥЩС˵ˡ
ԣⷢĻôͼҵİŰɡ
½Ǭݱϳ֮󣬺Ȼ˵һλ߳ʹ̼ԡ
߮ĺֻ΢һЩȻƽ²ܺйϵ
Ѿ֤ˣ
½ʦûҪŭңġ
½Ǭô˵϶Ϊ˼ŭΪҪŭ߮Ҳԭġ
˭ôܹ֤ͺûϵأ½Ǭݼʣζʮ㡣
Ҳ֤ľҲ֤ģκ˶ûϵ
йϵĻ϶ôֱӶҽġ
ϾȻܲڹڣҵػڡ߮ҲΪػء
Լİ½Ǭݰŵģػڣ
Цء
½ǬҲʹȷԼĲ²⡣
ܳɰ߮ˣġȻⱻϸ׽סˣԼµİźг̡
ֻǣ߮ôˣôҪӦ׼
½Ǭݼ˵Ұ˸ʲô۸񣿡
Ǹˣʲô۸Լ˵
˵ȸˣǮṩͯŶ½Ǭݼ
߮½Ǭݵ˼üּ٣˵ģô
½ǬһǸġ
Ǯʵ˼ʵڵĻôֻǮ
ϣϣһ⣿
½Ǭݼ߮硣
߮ԥ˵˲ҪֻҪܵӦеĳͷ뵵
û÷Ŀ
߮˵ֲ꣬һ䣺
ǷҪþ̷֢ĻİǱɾ֢𣿡
κһ㣬Ҷ㴦á
߮Ҳ̰ģ˸òǲ˵ģȻŭзȡ
ɵĴڣΪ˳ͷ;
ǣҡڵؾͳˣ߮Ǻѽܵġ
ȻаţĿǰû׼ã
ȵ׼õʱôҪһɱڣǰа취µĻô߮ǾԲϣŹĻġ
ڣҲʧȥԼġɡ
Ȼܲпᡣ
Ҳţ½Ǭݿ
½ǬԣǮ˵ĻôһǻǮࡣ
屻ǾԶأ½Ǭݼʡ
û뵽߮飬Ӳ̡
Ҫ֪һŪܼ򵥣Ҫһ˴ӼٵľŪľ֣ɲװ
˰ɣ½Ǭʦ߮һ
ҾֻʧȥɣǹҸҽ־ͺˡ
з꣬͵ö꣡ݡ߮˸ѡ
½Ǭݾ˵ϸ⣬ṩܹñøá
Ȼǡ
⣬ҿ֮˵ҲҪǰ֪߮ȥˡ
ȥܳɰɡ½Ǭݻء
߮㶣ȥܳɣ
ô򵥣
߮ԷҪ߮ҽԺ͵һЩҩȥּ˵顣
ֻǸܳɵĻδҲ̫˰ɣ
½ǬݾʣȷǼ𣿡
߮Ĭˡ
Ȼ˵ͷ˵ãѧȥܳɡ
㲻ѧأѧԺѧеõģȥʦ뱣ѧѧͺˣʦҲ̲ˡ½ǬݸϽȰ
߮ŪΪ߮ģǴѹһļ۸ѣô߮أ
һܹˣ϶򵥡
ã߮ܳɰ;ûʲô飡
ֻǣ½Ǭȥ벻ף߮絽Ҫʲô
Ϊʵһε½ǬݣûҪǰعģڣаţֻھѧҽԺһţȻͱ֧߮ܳǣסˡ
ı֮ġ
ϰŵûЧҲ֪ܳɣ߮Ǵҵġ
ǸΣʿλãһһΰԼû˵ĻôԼôعأ
ɲ磡
Ǹ½ǬʦܹһСҪڹ֮࣬дС˵ᵢ£𣿡߮ʡ
½ǬֳĬˣΪ仰ȫԤ֮ġ
½ǬݾʣдС˵ĸĿʲô
׬Ǯ۷˿
ʵ۷˿ҪĿİɡһ½Ǭݼ׷ʡ
ǡ
Ǵա߮Ĵ𰸣һεس½ǬݵԤϡ
Ȼ˳㣬ıʣ򶼵һĲκҽѧ֪ʶдһͨС˵ǲѧϰõ֡
֪ϲѧҽģϲҽѧġ
оʵҲһ֡ˣϣ½Ǭʦܹɡ
½Ǭ˵ҽѧһϽѧƣӦֻİ
ɶڴ󲿷ַҽѧרҵ˶ԣҪôϽ˽еķưֻҪ֪־ͺ˰߮ԼĴ𰸡
½ǬݽžͲʲôˡ
߮磬ǸˣǾã߮Ŀģǳ׵ı¶
ǣԳΪ̿顯ս̲ĵĿģȥдС˵Ļôֻ˵Сӵ뷨ĺţ档
߮Сʣ½Ǭʦٶһ𣿡
½Ǭݺֱӣ˵
ҵ˼·ܳɲһµ£Ҹѡ񣿡߮
Ȼ˵ܳɺԼҲԼ϶ܳͻĵط
ǳĳʱ򣬵ʱ϶ҵġ
ûĻôϵܳɰɡ
ûĻϻץԡԽ塣š
ſܻᱻסѵõðɣȥۿһȷ֮ٳȥܳɡ
һ㣬Ǹȥѧϰôȥо𲽣Լ취Ҳ벻һرõĵط½Ǭʵ˴𰸣ֻǲϣ˽Ͷι
õġ߮ͷ
Ҷ˵绰֮󣬶ʱ˼Ȫӿһ㡭
ʹwordд

λǣ޸һ죬ٺ˼·
ʮֵʱ¯Ȼ߮ƷƷȡ
ʮӺ
߮ȴһ绰Ǵֵģ˼ȥѧϰоˣȥѧϰΪдС˵زĶȥġ
ͬˣ
һ߮簡ܹô˵Ǻοһˣһʱ䣬һֱڵ˵仰
ģҪȥѧϰҶȫ֧ġ
߮ͷ˵ʦģһʧġҴȥħܺܿͻأҲǹһŻءʱ򣬲ٹ˰ɡ
߮˵úš
һ½Ǭݣһܳɣһ߮磬ҪʵʵµĻҲκ͡
ʱͿ飬жˡ
ҵǲж๦ŶֻϣܸӿһЩܹúõѧҵȻԼϲ顣ֺǺǵģ·Ľᶼ˿
߮룬Լϲ飬ǵһҽ
ֻ;ѡ
ڣȥоֲԲħңǼ±׵ؽ˵ĻôԼĽҲͱˡ
磬Ǻõġ
ôõ˼䣬ô֪£ܺúõػһΣһ
ɷߣ£ܹ֣϶ҲǷǳʵġ
ӿʼҽѧĵʱ߮ڽ֣̿һֱ緢ʰһУ³Ļ
߮ѾӳˣӳɳˣƼһ㡭
ǳᶨزȥ˵绰ܳɣҪʡˡ
ȥܳ㶡
֮߮ǰΪдС˵֯ѵ඼μӣھȻҪȥõĵط
Ҫ졣߮˵
Լԭ49.8Լ߮Ҫһ죿
ֻܳ߮ǿЦῪЦ
Ҫ죬ǿЦ
ʽģ֮ǰôɵġ
Ҫ΢Сĵ㡣߮
ţ԰ֲܳ¡
ʺʺãԼÿһǿҡ߮ôʺãҲŶʮ겻ʲãҶģ˶˰һ㲻ɣ
һͦڴңȻʧǡԹء
Ҫ˵ϼҽȣܳɿûôš
ϾڳŵĲֻʵô򵥣кܶۺأ˵¡ѧȵȡ
Ҫͬ߱ԼС˱ȣܳռƣѹ㡣
øţǻš
˶ûôʣ֮ɶϵֻСɱɱ
ʱ򣬶ҴɱɱĻôһҲֻܱŵ³ˡ
Ҫأħ߮ƺ֪ܳȥƵġ
ɣߵѵνͻȥħӦûħһʱ䣬ԼڽеĿȶȻٻؾԼôɡܳɾͻء
Ѿ൱ˣֻҪԼܹҵѧϰĵطﶼѧᱻס
½ǬҲˣʱ򻹻аš
ԣܳڵҰĿģѾֻǾѧһˡ
Ҫǣôȥ£ôȥרôȥѹڵеƷƵ̨Ӹ
ЩҪϸĹ滮УҲԼһˣһŶܹóģҪæ
Ҿħɡ˳ݷһʦ㡣߮˵
ܳɷӦһ£뵽߮˵Ƕ㡣
Ǳƿ˶ʿĿǰо꼶߮ǰƣĿǰо꼶ѧڣ
жʦ㣬ûдġ
סЩܳɽֿǵ˷ǳʵ⡣
߮Ȼ츳ܸߣʵܹѧĶġֻǣԼ⾭ʵĻṩʲôѧͽ
һҪ˵á
ԼŰɡ߮絹Ǻܴ󷽡


գչӦѵεĵڶ졣
أΪ½Ǭݡ˵ͻ𰡣Ծ͹Ԫƽ˾Ͱţһˣٶలſγˡ
Ȼеٵģأ㡣
ܳЩѧҲö˵ʲô
ʱ䣬ʮ̨͹췽ĵˡ
һĿγ̣ͽеø˳ˣֻ߸
ܳɷ뿪ˡ
̨˴ʦ̨֮ܳĸˣÿ˶һΡˣѵ࣬Բˡ
֮󣬾һ̨һ̡
ܳɵ˳ҵʱ򣬾ͷְ˺öˣϾһְΧеˮйͨ
ΪſбţЩ˶Ҫˡ
ƣԪƽԳ棬ǿ˸ߡҲùϷ˺ô˳Űܳǽӵ˸ԵľƵꡣ
Ȼϻţϣһҵ񣬻䷢ҵҽԺĽҵ֤ġ
Ȼϵ˶֪ܳɵ˶Խҵ֤ʵˣǣбҪߡ
ΪܳɣڻģҽԺˣֻǹ˸ϾתȥҽԺǵе˾

ջصƵʱܳɵĵ绰֪ΪαعˣһӾͽӵ˺ܶδӵ绰
ÿÿе˾ϣܳһĵģϣܹܳȥ﹤ߺ
ԸԸнƸ롣
ܳɾܾ˵Լڶ顣
Щ˾˵ûϵṩѧѣѣһԿʶ飬ֻҪҵܹ֮ȥ﹤ǩһͬ
ܳˡ
绰֮ܳɾֱͨѶ¼֮ĵ绰΢ðЩ
ʱǾ޴ġ
ֱô֮󰡣ܳɾͷ֣Լĺѣֿ챻ӱˣֻܳóɲܱΪѡ
ȨȻŴ绰ܳɣ϶˰ɣ
֪Ϣ֮󰡣绰Ǵͨȫռߡ
ȻҾͲһ£ĵ绰ǲСй¶ġΪ֮ǰμѵʱϺϢҽԺѧͳƵģȻû㶮һҩ
ȻҩϵʽҾ֪϶Ǳˡ
õģϵʽǸ˰ѾҸҵˣһᷳġֱԶ֪Ϊֹ
ܳɾæȰ˵ȨӣǷᡣ
Ȩ͵İɣ
ңķ粨ҲܾãҪǣ½Ǭʦĺ̫ջˣôҶпա
ûϵĽӵʲôвĵ绰ȿ¼
㿪¼ȥǹ˾ĻоݡҺ㲻ͬ¹ϵѹϵ漰ĻøӹһЩ˲ŻẦ¡
ܳɴϣ˵ˡʲôʱȥ
ҿܻϵķɻħȥˣ
Ȩ˵ҿܻҪܾòŻأʱϵɡҪĻʱ˵һù˾ⷿӣǹ˾ĺʦ
йʣ㻹ùɷӯֺġ
˾𲽣ܶࡣ
Ҷܳɵ£ȨȻҪˮ¥̨ȵ£ܸģҲֻܸǲ̸ôֱס
ѵȨ˵ֵܣӹ飬ѣԺһ죿
ĻȻʵǻζġ
ҿй𣿡ܳʡ
ǿ϶Ҹ㰡ҶùʵġȨٺһЦ˵
Ѿĵģһٱƭ
ܳľúԩǰȻľȨ䷹Ȼ
ֱؤ͡
ģҲƭ㣬ճõǮȫǹġûгðɡͳԷ̸⣬ǹ˾ĹطѡԷ˽˳ˡ
оݿɲģϸ¹ʣһ
ǰײҵԱõģʱڲȥġ
һ飬Ȩû˭
Ҳˡ
Ьǽ
˵Щˣйʣ͸ÿ
Ҹ㽲Ȩӣȥ굽꣬ʼҪǮˡ
ǮԾһϢգ۵Ĺ򣬵Ұ裬϶ôϣһꡣܳɱúʵ
ȨΪļͥܳɺܳɵľܸС
Ѿ𽥱֡
ֻ𲽶ѣֵٶҲԤڡ
п尢ʺáȨû˵ʲôֻôһ䡣
ãҪԷȥˡҵ۲͡
ǵĻ͵Ǿ۹˿
ţõġˡ

ڳȥ۲͵ʱΪܳסľƵͬһƵ꣬˾ͬʱġ
ڳϵʱΪԵʣܳɣΣţ˰ǿ½Ǭݰ
ܹõϿɣԺʿʦţ档
Ұܳɱ½Ǭ˽˳ȥ½ǬҪܳɵѧĻܱȸŹϻ춼õĶӶ࣬Ͼǹϣ½ǬݱרͿЩ
ǲ˺ܶģ½Ǭݵĺܶר֣
ܳԣЦЦ½Ǭʦ˵뵱ʦ
ܳһ˫أǺˣȻʦͽϵˡֻǣռ˱ȱлҪõĺô֮ûҪˡ
ϾĴڣѾˡ
ûϵ½ǬʦײͽܣҲѧ
ҪĻ϶½Ǭʦ㡣϶ͬ˰ɣ
֮Ҳһʦ½ǬݿԵܳɵĴʦѾǳˡ
ţ½ʦûܾܳɾ˳Ļ˵ȥˡ
Ľ㰡ܳɡ
Ҳô㼵㡣
̾
ܳɵʵУܹܳõԴΪĹǿоҲǻòġ
û¶Ժ˵ǻҪ໥ѧϰء
ţ΢ţԺϵ϶ܳɺģϾǿǿϣڱе顣
ҲֻûܳôǿѣܹﵽԶȻ
Լһ㡣


ڶʮ ԭȻΪ֪
ʽĶǴͬСġ
˴ξѧҽԺٰĻʽȴˡ
Ϊ˴ξٰС͵רѵ࣬˺٣ҽԺҲࡣ
˴εľۻᣬѧҽԺĹǿƣͲˡ
ԪƽƷա
գգղĸ׵ϣȡһ֣û壬Ϊ˱ᣬԲŶһ䡣
գ֮ǰȻδѵȴȻ˵Ĳʿǲʿһ꼶ʦƷڣ漸Ϊ곤֮ˡ
ȵܳɵ˶˰շǳ̸ؿ˵λʦܣʵһʼʱ֪εѵûҵʱǷǳʧġ׷ҵʦԼ˺þãΪʲô
ɵؿ˼λʦ֮ҲŶʦ͹ϵ⡣
ʶʲôˣɽɽյĳʮͨڷȺУûκҺױ֡
Ȼ˿ֺñӣ޾󣬴ҾͶôá
ֻԣҶû뵽֮ǰǸĲʿȻ᳤ͨ
ԸǱȽ
ƺܿͽӹ˻ʦ֣Ҫô˵Ƕ컳Լˡ
ùϺƷ˵ʵʦǻǺ˺ܶġ
˵ЩǲȻܳӦò֮вǡ
ҪʶȵģպǿǺǿǺܳɣһĲģҿ໹ܴ
Ҫ˵Ƶ˱ҲǿĻǾǹǫˡ
Ͼʵʵ˵ˣƣУᡢĸ֮ǰǵģҷ룬ҲǷʦġ
ԭһѧԱСܣʡһС
߮磬ҲʶġֻС˵ԼûпչԾ;ټܳɡʼʱǶܳǷǵѵ࣬л̬ȵġ
ΪСջͬټСܡ
ǶǳСҲͬ㡣
͵ͷѹϵĻ˹߮ʶͬһ죬ھдѧҽѧܾʱǶصȽ
֪صȽΪֻصȽ
һʱû߮磬ʵҲΪź
ǣ֮ܳ󡣡
˵ʱͷԼĽЦЦҶ컳ɣǻõҽѧԺǲǸʡˡ
ᣬô˵ʱúܶ˶߮Ҳ˺档
ͨ⼸յദҶ໥ˮƽһ˽⡣
ۺʵܳɺյĻӦڵλ
յĻӦڵ
ܹõôߵۣǷǳѵõġ
ȻЦҲ𷴸С
ҵԽԽ߮磬ӸȤˡϣһΣлĻ໥һ¡Ƶ˶־
ʸ˵ĻģΪЭǿһġŵֻԼġ
ȻһΣܳɺգǣպܳɣͶҪһЩ
˵ģ߮磬ҪСһЩܹõôߵۣлдһµĻǺѵõᡣ
ΪҪսʤ˭Ҫ֪˵˼ά˼·ܹؿԼҰϣġ
ƷھͰѻ˹ȥ϶лģԺĹǿƣ϶һ
ܹǲ꣬סҲǺο顣
ϣأ
ԪƽΪǿƵ컨壬ҲǹǿƿǶ˵ˣվŵҰӸߡ
ԣҰǲһģ͵СһҲãһҲãǷǳġ
ǰˣһһǿǻչıȻ
ǶǻδϣǣǶܹҵԵĶλԼλ֮ڵ顣
ƷΪڣԴͻۣѾһĲΡôҪúõΪһ¸õĻͬʱҲҪеԼ񡣡
ȥļʮ꣬ȫҽƵľһڴºר֪ʶϵľӲġ
һѧҽԺĽڶԣҪñʣÿһƺáÿһѧҵǵĶλ
һʵоԱԣҪϵؿطƽ̨оĿƽ̨ʵңѧӵվøߵҰ
һ񣬾רҵϣﵽһˮƽе𳣹桢ҽΪвͿҽΪҽƣȥۡ
һ񣬾ҪãﵽʵĶˮƽмңǴɹʶѧƻò˺ͰΪǹҵҽҽԴڹ⡣
ǸһǣøרȨǹҵİգԼҩãԼΪȽҩãԼеãԼҽϵ
ߵǣʵ㹻Ļ͸ôǻоϵϵ
ǻĿƽ̨ǹҵĿУõȫϿɡøĹңǹҵҽˮƽ롣
һһѡ
ѡ
Ԫƽ˵䣬˶ʼóĬ
ڿʼϸϸ˼ԪƽĻеͬҲѣֻǹϸһϣ
ҵִҽѧչٳһٶִ꣬ҽѧ˲Ųʮʱ䣬ҪĴﵽԽкܳ·Ҫߡ
ײ࣬С࣬ﵽˮƽ࣬Լվڸά
΢ͣһ֮󣬲˵ǵҰҪߵͬʱҲҪӵؽ̤ʵءҽҲãҲãνԺʿҲãǵĿģӦöһġ
ҽҪеľǰҽѧһѧƷչãչøá
ǵĹңҲԽԽһ飬ҽѧչоͶ룬ÿ궼ڰԪϣͶʣǷĵȥо
̿ʧܣͣʵǰ߾ˡ
ôҪסǵĳĺͳԣδȻһƬ̹;
ң
˵ѾΪڵһǣˮƽͻǶԣǵĻʵѾˡ
ǵĹǵѧǵĴʦǵƽ̨ʵѾ㹻˵ġ
ЭҽԺˮ̶𡢻ɽܳ㣬ǵƽ̨Ѿ㹻˵ġȱٵĲΪ˹ŬǸ˼Լ滮
˵øֱһ㣬֮Իᰲ½ǬݸϿΣϣܹǿϵĶҽѧߣҽܹЩʲô
ڵõ˲Ƹ֮󣬿ΪҽԺΪңΪЩʲô
ⲻΪǻֻϣǲҪΪʱǰѬġ
ΪǱҵ֮󣬿϶кܶ룬кܶջҲ
ǶҪѧסջ󡣡
Ȼ˵Ŀǰԣصҽ
ԪƽվŵĽǶȣǹڶĵá
Ϊ˫ԺԺʿ˼·Ұһ˶ҪһЩȻҲܸ黳
ǣϽĻûʵʡ
ܳɵѾõĶѾǸǶˡ
նԣĹѾԱźˣҽԺ϶ܹģֻ£һ֮󣬾Ͳˡ
Ϊ˲ţһȥ˹⣬нʴ˲ķúͱ𾴵ĳ̶ȣǻ˳Եġ
ǣȻҪô˵Ϊ˶ֻΪԼܹøãͶ߳ȥˣô˭Ϊ˹ڵķչŬأ
ѾһˣһԽԽӡ
ҲǹϰǼ֮һ

Թ󣬴Ȼġ
ȴ˶һһнһ̸ˣֻ֪ܳϺԼʲô˵˵Щɶܳȫ֪ġ
ܳɿԿõÿ˶֮߳󣬶õı顣
ңҶ֪֮ģûȥʱϵ̸
εĻʽ͵һԲĵزˡ
죬ͶǸظңҸĵʦȥˡ
ص˾Ƶ֮
ܳɲδ˯ǼˣϵĵЩ
ܳɣ֪ΪҪÿһ𣿡ܳһţϾζʡ
Ȼ֪ǲʹÿһˣܳȻҡҡͷ
ҵ㣬Ϊ֪ǱǸġ˵Ҫһ˰Щ˸ѹסĻҾʵѡ
֪Ŀǰǹҵ˲ʽ˹ĴһЩ⣬һ˲Ըȥʲô𣿡
ԪƽָһεĻ⡣
ܳɼҡͷ

ѧʶ˶ԣӺõĻ֪Ļϣġ
һԽԽϣԼòô֪
ѧϰĵطѧϰƽ̨ò顣
ƷԣǾѧҽԺĽڣԶĲ˵ʡǱߵ˽ҽԺԸнİȥǱߴ飬Ʒܾˡ
ΪƷ֪ȥ޴ѧˡһܹﵽޣˣԼȥͻһЩδ֪⣬϶ûҽԺôá
ɾ͵ޣһĿȻˡ
һ£ĵطмŵʵңԸԸȥԸԸȥƴһ£
һ£㼴ĵطרȫһеĿңϣ㹤ĵطѧϰԸԸ⵱βȻٵͷ
ͷβ
ܹǾãڻһطȫ綼Ӱ;ĻôٻͷǸлع
ϣʹ
ԪƽһӸܳɵĵӣˡ
ܳɾʣϣΪʲôҪأ½Ǭʦأ
½ǬʦԻعĻӦÿԱøð
½ǬݣѾˡ
ܹһƽ̨ͶĻ϶ǼӰģҲǺܾġ
Ԫƽ˵ǵģ½ǬԻعĻǿԳеס񡣵ûУ½ǬҪعҲҪһġ
½ǬԼϣͿԵġ
ԣҪȥףҪȴΪ׵ġ
һ㣬֪Ϊ֪ܿΪʲôʱ½Ǭݿ϶㡣
ֻǣڴ֮ǰֻϣԼø㣬Կסκѹ
ңһУҪԼȥģܹģ
ͺñܹ½ǬṩҲֻһ
Ԫƽһ£˳ϵ֮⣬ϵĶ𣿡
ܳҡͷ
ڵˮƽҪϿɣҪĻᣬ˿
Լܹõó֣ϵĶһƪmetaûκαϵɹ
ÿһˣҪ̨ȥĻҪôеĻôþ̫ˡ
򵥵Ľݾǳɹ
ǰ
㻹ûУǱ˲Ը⣬ûԸȥ˽㣬Ҳûʱ䡣ó
Щó÷ʽǣóɼ֤
УԼĿСٴС顣
ѡҺˣڸôҪıˡ
ҰЩ˾ۼһĿľǣϣǺȴһһƽ̨
ԴҲ׼ˡ
㱳ңơǣֻҪǵĿģǰҰŵøߵģֻҪ˵Ǹˣʦһȥ˵
ֻкܹӮֻйӮˣܹ齨Ϊ̡
Ҳ֪ܲܵһ쵼ߣǣҪеΪĿǰΪֹרҵϣǰǶ˵ġ

ܳɰѹԪƽĻһһв֮󣬲ԼҪߵ·Ҳ˳
֮Ȼ󲻶ѧУĿģҲǺԶ׼ġ
ѧԺһܳҪѸ˾ۼһ𣬴һһƽ̨Ļôֻȥѧ˵ȥ̨
ȰЩ˸˵ɹȥ
˶ۼһ֮󣬲źýкľ
ÿһѧƵľնۺʵľ
һ棬оϵĴҲһ档
ΪĿǰָĺĲģҪӹڣ
ڵеΪʹõڵģ
ΪΣ϶ҽʵңڹ⣿
ΪΣܶѧߣҪߣ
ΪΣǹҹһЩеҪϽһרѣñžǮ
ңǹҵ˿ںܶ࣬˵ܶ࣬ҽƷõĻҲܴ
ԵеҪڡ
ҪҽѧչôһУҪӡ
ѧƵģܳɹܲˣǹǿƵĲֻ࣬ǹǿƵȥȡ
ȻҪĻҪ۹ڡ
߮硢ơСᡢ
ԼֻǶһˣõ˵Ķ¡
һλ½Ǭݡ
ڶλǹԪƽ
λԼôԽ¶ļܡ
ģԼһֵܣȨ
ԼȱٵĶ
һѧȰѧҪõʿźڹ˳ΪԼѾᡣ
Լɣȡѧֻ˳
ڶԴ
ԴǮп⣬ררҪ֡
ԭʼԴԼѾõ˲ˣҪȥɿר͵Ҫ˲ţҪ˲ţ͵ǸȤĶ˵Сппλڹ̶Ŀ⡣
ԼЩ

Ҫı䵱ǰеϻ档
ĸָĲϣԽΪҪ棬ȽˮƽĻ
CCϲϺϸ͵ĲϣһɹĻ
Ҫ֪ڵĸֶԽܵͣпͿ䣬кġ
CϵĻ˾CǵƺԴ
ΪҪǣԼиģ
ܳɰģдʱ򣬾ֱӰֽûȼˣΪܳѾ֪ˣѾ滮ˡ
ҳ˲Ͽѧܹģ͹ǿȻС
ǹؽ׵ҩǴͷͻ
ҪĻ벻ҪĻߣٷ֮һǧ֮һļʶš
񣬿ȥһɰ
ôСĿˡ
ڣҪȨʼСппλڹ̶ЩеȻضĸְ塣
Щרѣ˾ҪƵĻҲýרѣǰڻר
ڴڼ䣬ٽCCϲϵĿ롣
ϲһɹôĲĵĻ棬϶ᷢ츲صı仯
ңԼܹرȫĵͶȥ˷̫ʱ䡣
ΪԼģԣԼҪĿ顣
ҪĿ飬Ҫ
ԼھԺʿˣͬʱӵһٶʵңǣʿûҵ
ɣһк˵Ķġ
Ҫ㿪Ļ͵¹ˡ
½ǬҪع飬òҲûеô򵥡Ҫ˵˸һ⣬ҲҪһ˼·ġ
ܳɵıʼǣԽԽˡ
ңʼǵĹУܳһǳʵĶ
Ǿǣڵģôá
ģµļܣģԼҵߣ
ܳ˼˺ܾ֮󣬻Ǿ
ܣһеĻ
ҵ߿ȥ죬ûҪ˷ѻᡣ
ӵи¶ļ֮󣬲ܹõȥ컨塣
½ǬݡԪƽ˶ΪԼֻôС⣬ǣԼ֪ܹ飬Ǻܶġ
ŹؽûʽҲܹ仯
οչҲһ⡣

ӽ賿ʱܳɷԼѾд˽ӽʮҳıʼǡֶеˡ
¿ͷѣڵܳɣҪһ볡ĵ㣬Ƚȥ
ңбϵĸҪǡ
лֵ
ֻҪǿʼ֮󣬵õһĻ󣬾ͱ뵽ٴлֵˡ
ܹĸ˵ĸ˵ѪƵĸ˵Ƶĸ
ⶼһѧư
ȻҪĻҪĻôΪξͲٰҰŵøһЩأ
Զڹ滮ͽڹ滮ȫ֮
ܳɾ͸ԼƶһµСĿꡣ
1.ħ߮飬ʼСппλڹ̶Ŀ⡣
2.ȨĹ˾ħΪԵ㣬Сппλڹ̶
3.ںҲܷŹǽҩһߺ볡㣬ԺԼȥ˳
4.˿飬ǹǿƵĻ
гˣԼӵеĴ˼ܣǳ࣬Կѵ࣬õϿ֮ٿʼ˵Ŀ⡣·ԼڽеСппλڹ̶࣡
5.Ǯ
ǮҲеҪģϾȻϸԼδĺܺãԼƷҪԼ
򳵣ܷδġ
Լʮˣģ棬һӵֻΪѧ
ܳһǳϲˣ԰
ھЩֿʼһֵģ⣬ΪҰ·Ժܿأֻ˼¶ļܣҶIV¶弶𡭡
ңεģУܳɻְʵķּϵͳ̫ͳˡ
һЩIV죬IVѶȣӦٶһV
Ҫ軪ȼҪߵ·ԶҲᣬ٣ҲҪŬһĿꡣȼ׼󣬸׵ͨںѧѶһ˽⡣
Ȼµ󣬿֮³ҲһҪú˼⡣
µµеû취ʹõĻôٺãҲ޼µġ

ա
ܳؾʹȥ˻Ȼ˵ǻơ
ںĹУȨͲŴ绰ܳɸ磬أǰ̨˵Ѿ˷ˣǸǩ𣿡
Ѿ˰㷢Ϣûյ𣿡ܳɸȨ˵ˡ
Ҫ͡
ҪϣȨϢûأ绰Ҳû˽ӡ
ôͼںȾƣȷˣ֮ϣô˵ġȨ̫ˡ
ܳΪȡôԴȾȥˣܳɶˣΡ
Ǳߵ˾ͺãԾˡǴ򳵣Ҳ࣬һġܳɽ͡
һֱæŹ滮Բ뵢̫ʱ䡣
ðɡҵĴ´Ⱦơ
ŶˣҵȻһǹ˾ĹʦħԽӡҲħ;ҪĻ͸Ҵ绰ȨϴȻֽ
ˣ´Σ϶Ҫźõġ
ϾԽǶܹϹϾģԼĺܳɣȨ÷ģ˵ȥ
ǻʲô
˵ˣҪȥǻˡ
õģ´ϵ
ϵ㡣

ܳ·ɻʱ򣬾ͷְֻǸں˵ԼҪ·ɻʱ㣬ӻˣȴֹںһ
һˣ̨
ſڣơںƽڣڵ
ΪںϢʱܳɿ˷ģʽܳ˷ɻʱ򣬲֪һС
ǣܳɴزֻжںһ˵ģԾͲõ
˻ܳɾæ˵ʦڣôˣҶںˣԼģֲҲط
ƿܳɵһ̣㻹Լ֮ǰʦ绰飬Ϊʲô˵
ҲʿѧԶ֮ʦŸҽЩ
㣡ƴʱɫǳڡ
ܳħټģƽģû뵽ܳȥʱԼʦȻԸܳɴ˵绰ܳȥ飬ⲻԵúΰ
ܳͬˡ
Ƕʧ
һֱæԼ׼ԣԸûü׼⡣Ϊ˶֦꣬ܽǣҲϣΪԼԭܳôί
ΪܳҪȥطĻαħôһ
ƽҲǳǸ˵Сܣʦ飬Һƶ֪ġ
֪Ҳ֪ôϵ㡣ԣ
ܱǸƽԶܳɾһ
ܳɼ״æֹƽ
Ц˭
ҽԺԪƽж೬ȻγħԺжôȻ飬αҪƽأ
ңγȻѾˣҲ˸õİţȻȥƺƽ
鶼Ѿˡ
ڣûϵҺϵʦͽԵֲ
ҲõģڹھѧҲԸʦһѧϰڵģá
ܳɵʵ뷨
ڵӵеɣ϶ȡ׸γɶȸЩ
ƾ͸п˵ˣ˵ʲôȻˡ
ʦʵѾˣһĭһڶҺʦֶѾʦ˵
ʱʦǸתһǸ⡣֮ǰ飬òԡ
½Ǭʦܹ㣬ȴŵˡ
ʵҲܺڡ
ܳԣֻЦЦ
ɶںȴ΢±ˡ
γˣ
Ǹ⣬ô£
ϿԺʿΪܳɶڣ
½Ǭʦ˭ܴ
ڵԺʿǿû½İ
ʦʦҪȻȥɣվҲġңҾеⲻȥġܳæ顣
УĻٶ˵棬ȥԷӷϴƽ͵ͷȻ˵
ܳɣһ̨ɡ
ҴСߡ
ܳæԼߣȻ˼ʻλ
γѡƶĺ⣬ʵġ
ʵλ˼Ļ̶ʲôҲܲˣοأң

˳󣬶ںͲƽʦ½Ǭʦ˭
ôû˵
ҰٶҲûٶȵ
ƽֻЦЦ½Ǭʦһǲ֪ġҲٶȲ
ֻҪ֪ԸĻ˫ԺʿȻһϯ֮λλҪŵĴ񡣡
רҵǿ򣬶ϵ컨ˡ
ʮǰٴϣϾû취ˡ
ǣǰգܳɰ½Ǭʦˣһ½ǬʦԳϵģܳɡ
ں±ˡ
ֻʧȥ˸ʻλЬϣҲûӦȡ˲ʮ롣
ںŷӦȥֻ
˵ܳɣרҵôǿ𣿡
᲻Ǵ԰
ƽʵҲţһ֮󣬲˵˿ܻΪԣ½ǬݾԲܡ
Ϊҵڵˣ֪κ˾Աʤ̬ȥģǫûʲô
ң½ǬݵĿǰΪֹ֪ûжκ˵֡
ǵһΣǹڵĵһΡ
԰ʵܳɵרҵʵҺƶѾ۵ģǵ͹
Ҫ֪ʵĻҾֱӰԼˣȥ
ȴĳ˾ѧҽԺѧˡ
ϧ
ϧƽпǧ
ܳɣŶӵɱﵣȴתˣԭȻΪ֪


ڶʮ ˣ
ƽĽͣں˸ţֻǻûرԵĸ
Ͼ½Ǭʲôˣôһ£ۼǲȥġ
ɽƽĻȴѶںò׽ġġָˡöں΢е㲻ѡ
δܳǰںһֱãһѧ棬ԼӦǻõġ
ܳɺ󣬶ںͷֻ֣ܳһƽͶܳɼΪӣܳɱ֤ܹ
ʱǸͨͨСоܳħ֮󣬱ϣҲԼʦү䡯ĥӣԼദ¶ʱ䡣
Լܳû¿ԼǸСˡ
ǿԼҸݣͰǸСӦȥˣ߾ֱӿ˵ʵʧܡôȴԼģͻǣͨͨ·ӡ
ڣںԼС⣬չԼãԼǡ֮ˡԴѺͬѧɵʱ
ںͻȻַ֣ԼԼͬѧӰӺͺ󱳶ˡ
ĿӰ޴󣬵ǱϾֻǿܣܳѹˣʵʵڵģٴϺͿжˡ
ˣԼʦƽڣ˵γΪԺʿҲƽΪǸ
ֻǣԼʦʦүôˣñܳɻصħ󣬾Ϳʼװ±ƵĶں֪ôȥˡ
ڣܳദеã
ΪԼʦ˵ܳɱγϳȥˣȻܳǿɱ֡
ͬ
ʦܳԺľͲʵ𣿡ںûֱʣһʻ㡣
ƽһ£ҡҡͷʦ˵˲㣬ϲ֪
ô˵ʵңǶʦүŵġҪξҺ޷ҵġ
ǣչܳȥ˾ҽԺڹﵱѧĻʵҲǲԣҪʵҽпоĻôֻԼǮ߾ֻܸǵĿ⡣
ǮȥѧУ飬ʱͻûֹ
ԺУοţԺУ֮䣬Ǵһ̶ȵľͺϵཻѧԣҪѧĳɹι

ǣ˭ѧǳɹĹ
־ʽ̫ôͿ϶н޳ˣ˭ѧ˭Ĺô϶ϼʮѧ
ԣձϵһǣ˭Ǯɹ˭
ͱ磬ںƽѧǮڿڣƽڲںǮĻôںѧɹǮĽڣӵȨġ
Ҫ£Żøƽ
ȻڲҪ
ҲڣƽѧȥﻨǮ͵
ƽ仰˵÷ǳֱףҲöںͬ
ںûа֮ǰʲôƽڶѾ˵Ҫ˵ѧѾǩˡ
Ȼƽȥǩֵļûģöںݽ
ǻѵʵ
Դ䣬ôĲƽ
֮Դ䲻ƽΪԴ
˵ˮԴҲܹƿػ߱öһ޶˵ĻôҲʱĲٿ£ò
еִԴ඼ԴԴķ䲻ƽ
ΪûΪںȥ˵ģҲûΪ˺˿ˮȥģ
ôƽȻתͷʶں뷨
ںûз㶣ԴԽرƽ֮󣬶ںѾ࣬ΪƽͻȻʣͱա
ʦ޳ܳͬѧϵô⣬츳ߣ޹ء
ԺɾͶߣûκκô
ܳɱϾҵͬѧҲҵѣҲʵĻ飬֮ǰҿЭߣҿĻֻƫ˽һ·ˡ
ش⣬δҪش𣬿ȷô𰸵ɣ𰸾ͲԶˡ
Ƕںͨод£Լܽһ˵ʽǳϽҲôֱӡ
Ȼôش𣬻ֻ˵ܹöˡ
ʵһҪʱͶʣҲһֶĲ
һˣͿѪ޹顣һˣǾһ
ںڵĿ棬ŻжǮƽʡ
ΪҪߣںѧоȻЩǳϤ໹жʮµ⻹û뵽ġ
ٸʮ򣬲ٶˣЩ⾭ѣȥš
ƽ˵ţһֻѧҳʦʦʦǵĵʦҼҵ׾ô㣬ȸһЩ󣬻Ҫġ
ʣµģ͵ÿԼȥӪʽˡ
һΣӦܳɵ飬ƽδһΣԾͲˣֻվڰаæˣȻĻһʱԼʦֹͻʱٷΡ
ܹܳɵģô࣬Ǹôȥ䣬ÿԼѧںôȥ䡣
ҲǶԶںһ飬ȻѡŶںôں͵ѧԼʼɳ
ɳһ飬ҪѧоҪѧᾭӪͶʡ
оĳʼһͶʺͻرĽûôߴϣҲûôͼʼնͨͨ
ں˲٣˵ллʦ
ںȻ֪ƽĿ⣬ܼжɢʽ𣬵ǸѾһʡԼõʡġ
ʦֵǣҲ٣ƽܹôԴѾΪˡ
ϾƽĽǶȿҶںڶѧ֮һ
γʦĽǶȿѧô
ܳɰܳɡ
ںҡͷ
һ̨ϡ
ưѳŹ֮󣬾ܳɣܳɣǱߣʽѧ𣿡
ܳҡͷûеģʦ
ǻһûоͺá
Լˣûкúõط£
ܳ˼ʻλѳ˳ȥȻ˵ƫͷֿƣʦ˵½Ǭʦ𣿡
šƵͷ
Ȼ½ǬݴûйκεĽӴǣ˵֣˵ġ
лʶһ½ǬݵģǣΪ⣬ħûˣ飬ҲȻ֮ˡ
Ȼû½ǬݣԴƲò뿪ħʧȥγıӻ֮㿪ʼԼ
ĺܶΣ
ܳɵһΣҲԼһЩ㣬ǣϾδۼ½ǬݣϣܳһЩ½Ǭݵ˵ʲôĻ
ֻǾΰɣǺҲ
½Ǭʦԭġܳɾ˵
ʲôԭ򣿡Ƽ׷ʣ֪һЩϣŹκһϸԵ⡣
ʡʱ򣬶־ͶԸС֮Ʊ±ýħĹУÿһúúõġ
ǣԼĹУ֪Ϊʲôܳɱ˸ˡ
ƾţ£ڱƲȻĻܳɾԲ뵽ȥԺܳҲôεؾ½Ǭݡ
Ļ֣Ȼǳпܾ߮磬ƻ˵׼ǲ
߮ĻôôĿʲô
ܳɾͰԼ֪ģ鵽ĺ͵;˵Щתһ顣
Եͷǰ˵ȷ½ǬݺпܻûѺܶණתص
ʱʤֻ䵱ƵİӣǿɾͲһˣ
ոյ˵㲻ؾһѧУȥȥ仰ǹ˵ģ½Ǭ˵ģ
ܳҡͷ½ʦ˵ģ뵱ѧ˼ҡ
ܳɾͰ½Ǭݵԭתƣ½ǬݣٱһĻɣǶƵĻаٷ֮ʮΡ
֮£½ǬݻԼĿԻһЩ
˿˵Ҫѧ˵ģ
˵أ
ܳ룺Ӧ˼аɣʦʲô𣿡
⣬Ҳû⣬ϣ¾ֻҶ˰ɡ
Ǿã½ǬóȻ΢е㲻⣬һܸܴ鷳Ǿʲô鷳أҺ󲻳
˵⣬˰ͷ
Ȼϸϸذܳȥȫ̶һ󣬲ʵλҪã
Ȼϰܳǧǣ˼ɣжٵɣյʵγܳɸȰˣȶڡ
ܳɾͻҪߵģǳˡ
Ӧûٴһʱ䣬Ͼ˷ӣٰѾסꡣܳһȽʵϵɡ
ûܳɿЦˣֻܳɣԲǲ֪οḶ́ǳգԼ׼˰ţҿܻòʿѧʸ񡣡
ҲˣҶûü˵㣬ʦ
ƺź
ܳβ֪βʿѧգ
ԼûȥûȥôȥܿһûϷ쭣Ȼȡĺ
ȻҪԭǣǿм֣ҪԼȥѰȫܳɡ
֪ܳҪȥҽԺʵô۵ġ
ܳȥ֮ǰ֪ԼȻҽԺ͵ʦԲ𰡣ʵ֪Ļôõġ
ҵĳ֣ʦİţΪҵ⡣˲ۣңӦҵʦʵʦûɶϵ
ܳɲκһˡ
æ֣Ǳ֡
ҲҲãƽҲãǶǰߵĵ·Уһѵˡ
ǣƽûãǣĻǣܹܳͨϣȵ˹ϵʶ˼û½Ǭ˳֡
ڵܳɣҲ̫
ңܳɺԼŵõģʱ䲻ãԼѾģõļܣʵԾǨ˺ü
Ȼڵĳ̶ȵûûаμ⣬ǣѾɿ׷ƽͬˣɷˡ
͹ˡ
ʲôνһ죬оһ˵õȮģ
ܳɴô̰ģȻҲûô̰ġ
ܳҪƽʱƺȻºʦû̫ĹϵѾġ˵á
ܳɵͷһ죺ʦȫûҪ˵ʦ˼ҵ˼ǣʦеĹˡ
˻ڵ£ı־㡣
һҪ֪Լʲôλá
ڶҪѧж
֮ܳԻƣ˵ԼʵѾ˲٣Ѿ֮ǰǸرСҽܳˣҲǸСҽоԱˡ
⻹ϵġ
֮ܳԲΪѧϰʹԼͱµḶ́һĹ̡
죬ôĹ
˴б£õ˵ĳϣһĹ̡
Ḷ̫́ס
˵öԡ⿴ܳһۣȻͰѵߵĻѹȥ
ܳѾˣӦÿõı󣬲ֻǶ¡
ǸУҲãǸʵҲãʵһԴٷḶ́ǳ⣬Ļ⿴ƵƽͱҪ֡
Էʱ򣬾ֻǳԷȻĵĶкܶࡣ
ܳɿԺĹȥԺͶںѧУԺƽ
Ψһĵģδ
Ϊ˭Ҳ˵δǶɽˣɽϵˣľǰѾ˵·ǵ˾ͿԸĵġ
еգǢرǶںΪ֪ܳɵ󣬶һԼĵľȻܳ΢׽ЩҲؾ
ֻǰںľƣܳؾ;ܾˡ
ƣǸԹУѧУѧԡ
ʵȾͣϴξΪ˽飬һͿ
ҺȻƽ˶֪ںںȾϵ츳ΪһģԸľơ
ںԼһһ
֮󣬷ֲŵĵ㡣
ƽվŵĶںɫ춼ûУ˵ƣںȵе࣬ȥˣԼܳɰŰ
֪ƽڸ˽ܳ˵Ļᣬ£Ƕдݰɣ𿪳ˡ
ţ

ƽŶںߺƺܳ˲ֳһ
ܳɾ͵ʦںԽԽʦϲ˰ںľɲ⣬Ҫͣ
һ⣬һ߸·
µħµľǼΪůġ
ƺô䡣
תͷ˵ȥ·ϣʦָ˵ĻǣܳɵרҵʵɶΪʲôҪһ½ǬΪϵأ
ƽ˵ܳɣҺƽǵʦ˵˲Ρ
һֻ֡
ҵʡʱ֪ôȥ𣿡
ţűҵ֤ȥģûκкֻһ仰ʹ绰Ļ
ƽʦ֣ܸҴ绰ҹ
ûκߡ
ҵʦ֣ҲΪƵԭ뿪ħ
ԽԽҵʦˣԴԺʿλ֮󣬾ͿʼˡЩĥ͸ˡ
ϵԸ񡯣֮ǰѾ̵Ҿͱ²ˡԼûĥ֮ǰͲڰ
ֻܳĬԴ
ƵĻǼٵģҲ˼١ƵĻĵĻôγûڵ֪Ҫħ֮󣬰ֱӸϳħѾǸˡ
ƣγͽģ֪ҪΪ˽»ȥ֮󣬾ȻĵľٶûС
Լɶ
ʦЩ꣬Ҳˡܳڻͷ֮ǰڰҽԺƢԡ
ȫͲƸеӣҲеƢ
˿̵ƣǱǷҪ̫ˡ
ðɣǲ֪һ췢ܹϵǰڴţߣΨһ顣ƸпҲΪΡ
û취ϵ뷨ҾԼǾ˶ѡ
Ʋܳɣγ
ܳҲƣԺޡ
ôõġ
ʲôأƼʡ
ܳɾʵ˵һһɣʱ߮ҲħóҲڣҿܸܲ㶫ٸһͷ
߮ҪͼҲûʲôġ
ܳôһ˵Ƶɫ˲䡣
߮Ҫħ
ΪʲôҪħһ˲ƺʲôƵģʧɫ
ܳҡͷҲ绰˵Ҫ
߮ɰҾ˵⡣
ܳû˵ȫʵֻǾʵûôҪѡ
Ҷˡ
ҲˡƺȻп
ͻȻԼеЦҲеΡ
ڰҽԺʱƾҪѹһѹ߰߮ģ˸ӣ߮ͲԸǿƣѪƵġ
أƾͷ֣߮ʦֿʼʵˣҪҪܳҲһ򾡣ͬ⣿
ֱӾͰܳɹħǰ밲ţܳɶߣǲѴ֮顣
ԼʦԺʿ
ʡĸܱȣ
ǣ
棬ⷢˣԼĸҪħǸŮˣҲҪﲩʿվȻ飬ͿʼƵĿƺԤˡ
ȻǲǾ߮ں沼ľֱ֣ξĹϿѵ࣬ſʼţ
òͣҲƵõ
ƾ÷ǳпܣԼͳܵһĻǺ֮ǰԼֵŶӣķǳô
֡γ
һڣһԺʿ
γ½Ǭݡ
һԺʿһҪԺʿװεˡ
Ļ߮ıҲδ̫˰ɣǸʲôŶ
ȻҲе
˵˺úдС˵ģ̣ڰֱܳ͵ԭȥĵط
ʦʲôܳɼƵɫ̫࣬ʡ
ҡͷûʲô
ûʲô
Ȼ˵ܳɣȥɣͻȻֻЩҪһ¡
áȻ֪ΪͻȻɫ˴䣬ܳɻǵͷӦ

ưܳͻܳסĵط֮󣬾ֱȥסĵط
źվţƺ󣬵ʦ֣֣̲ǸһѱԿ׵ô
ƿһתߣһһʣգħĲʿվԼҪģʦ㷢밡
ڵҪħʿվʱ򣬾;Ϊ֡
ֻǵʱƲδ˼ڻ棬ʵɵء
ʦ֣ʲôⲻһڶѾʼվˡվԭͿʼҪ̲Ҫġ
ʱ䣬д£ÿ⣬ԼɸоԱС
Ƶıֵ׷ʣգܴܲ绰ʦĴ𰸣ҺҪȻûʲôӰġ
ţʲôҪİֻǰԼϰֻ˳û
ķأֱӺϰϵΪ£绰е㲻̫ʵġ
ҸоڲٿңȻҲϣֻһĴ˵ĵĵģȻû˵֪˭ˡ
ңҪħ飬÷ƽܳɹħ֮
ŽŽɵش˵绰ȥ
̸һȻպȻʣʦͻȻңôֶȥˣŽ飬ҾͶ˵ġ
ôҪģ˵ϲҡ
˵ҶϹˡʦҸɰɡ
Ǹܴϻ۵ˣȻֱӷֱʦȻǵ棬Ҳá
һΪʲôأΪ
ѵͲʦ˺ܸȤѶȱȽϸߵĿ⣬ֿæ洫һΪӲʵүӵ
Ц
Ұϵֻţ˰վ˵
֮ǰվԼʦɲ԰ֻŸԼĸףȻĸ״һٴε绰ʦֻš
ʲôֱʰɡ
ʦΪʲôأһôʦ֣Ҳʦáʡ
ԷĬһ
ĺҪ÷ǳҪĻҲǲ˵һѣڵĿȤ˼ƣûûȥꡣ
Ҿ;оķ࣬æˡ
ȻѵϢǲܸ˵ҲûҪ˵үӻеӲ
վͿơ
ҡ֣ʾѾˡ
֪ˡ
ƽţ͸գվ÷ǳ㵺ĪȻкܶɻ󣬰ӺͺߣҲֱΪʲôס
Կ׶㡣
ôȻˣΪʲôֻҪߣҶʮˣŲô
ҿҲ˰
֪ƽ죬Ҫһ⡣

˼
Լĸ֣Ĺ֮ǻˣ˵ľٶ֮󣬶˿ⰲŵġ
֣ݣΪ˺Ĺ
Щ
ƺܿʹ߮ĵ绰
һƲҪʡ
߮ȴֻڵ绰صʦˣҪ֪Ĵ𰸣ҡ
֣ݰ̣գҡ
ʱֻΪ۸ʦ뿴ʦܳɸ֮䣬׸׳ʿϷ롣
ֻǡ
ָˣҲûԸȥ˺ļˣģǺĲѡ
Ҫ˵дĻǸ
Ʋģֻ侲ʵѾµˡ
㣬ΪʲôҪħ
㵽ʲôĿģ
߮磬ȫûϿô롣
ʦҰԼˡħҲɼѡ߮ÿ˵ʵ˵ʵ
㣡
ܳأħʲôƼʣֽ
½Ǭݡ
һ½ǬݸĹ½ǬݾЩʲôƲ֪ˡ̬Ԥڡ
ѾȫƲˡ
Լ˰ˡ
Ҳ֪
֪ˣԸһʦ߮˵÷ǳ
һסԼҪ˵ˣȹ˰ɡ
㼸·ɻ
Ȼ߮ˣôƻҪһ߮ġȻĻǾԲĵġ
߮͵ʦͷˣѾܳԼʦ㹵ͨʱ䣬ʱֱӴ߾ͺá
⣬ʦһ˵һǡ
ʱԺʿʦδؾǻܾܿͰ
Դ䣬ǲƽģԴٷ䣬Ҳûйƽһֱˡ߮

Ҷ˵绰֮ƽͷ
߮ո˵ĻȻĿ
ǣƵ飬˿ȴǸⷳġ
һԼʦһǣ
ԼڵʦĻ᣿
ǣڵõеЩȻǿȥΪһˣ
Ϊû취߳γµȦӵĻôƾãԼԶ߲ԼĲӣһֱγȦת
֮ǰˣڣ
˼˺ܾúܾá
ڣڵڶ磬ƴ绰γȥʦҪ˵һ顣
ôʵ˵أҪ绰
뿪ʵңֻҸÿ𣿡ƿھ˵úֱס
ֻѧϰǷǳһѧϰʽ
ǣҪƵγ˵Ҫ˳ʦţĻ˵ǣҪ߳γȦӺ͹Ļͱ뿪Լһжܡ
Ȼܹõ
Ϊʲôֵ뷨㲻ʵȥ
ֻҸִȥﰡ
ϺܿӻȥСްҸ˵ֻС
ʦѾˣȥѧϰһʱ䣬˵켣ѧϰķʽҲŻҵʺҵġ
˵صغڣֱ˵ڷ֣ҿ˵ǰ΢Լе㴭
˵أγһӾͱǳס
öһ䡣
ƾ˵Ҳܻһٳȥģ
ʦԲҾȻϱһǼȻôһҷôҾҪ򿪡
Ȼ˵ĻΪλҪҴ绰أ
ֻǵ֪ͨҵĻôֻܸ㣬ȫûҪ
ǸˣǻĹлһеȨоͰȨܽȨγ䲻ȣ̲


ڶʮ ֻ
ʦң
û˵ǲ˼ҰԼסˣʦסġγˣԸæ͡
γҪһ飬Ҫγѡ
γƣ㲻øҽô࣬ʵҲڻЩѡǶԵģǴġ
ǵΪֹҶûеõһԼĶۡ
ƽߣĸ̫ˣһǿһЩ
Ԫȥ˹⣬ΪĸԱȽϽҪǽԡ
¤ǴģЩֳ꣬˹͵Ҳ뿪ˡ
壬ıߣȰȥ깣ԲʿݣϼҵҽԺϰࡣ
ҾõģҾȥ˷ޣҲûҲٻҲϰǱߵƵġ
ͬ޶ۣڿȫ֣ѡġһ·ᵽ˲ʿ񲻿ãʮˣŸߣûиߵ
׿֮࣬УܴϵˣȰˡ
ƣ֮У츳õģҽ̸Ķ٣ÿθѧʱ򣬶ѹؼĲ©˵ϣԼȥ򡣻߾ڲʿĽ׶Σȥѧȥġ
м䣬㶪ʱ䡣˼άסˣ
˵һԼȥɣҵúúõһ룬ԼôЩ꣬飬ѡ񣬵ǶԵĻǴġ
ԣĬһ
ʦ棬һ˸ˣĿǰаˡ
ʦƽʦַԪ棬ʦ¤ʦֺ壬ʦֽޣʦͬʦ׿ࡣ
Щÿһˣģ飬Ըóġ
Ҳ֪γôģʼֻΪγǾ˵ʲУڣ񲢲
ƻ˼ʱȴعҶ˵绰ٲȥʱƺʲôȻˡ
ƾ΢еķݺݵץץͷҲֻܰ飬Լ
ƺԼ֮ǰڹؽƵȦе
ͺñȣ˵ǿһűȽϴķ״ĻôԴΧطֳɣˡ⡢ؽڡ˶ҽѧǲô飡
ÿһ໥ֽؾš
ؽר棬кַܶࡪؽûؽڷޡؽΡؽڱؽڽΡؽλλؽڡ
ȵȴСͬĿӣȻศɡ
԰ΣδܹȫӸͱӱٴλͷǿѣ˼άÿм䡣
ǰһֱΪԼˮƽγô˵ĻĲ̫ףԼʦҪء
γǶҴһʼǰ˹ؽѵĿӣȴֲĻ
ΪγҪôأ

ȥ벻ͨΪʲôƾֻٸƽ˸绰
ţƽΪʦ֣϶֪ıӶһЩ
ǣ绰֮Ľеʧģƽʲôû˵Ҳƺǲ֪Ƶġ
佱ƣƵĵӹ󣬲СʦĻ
ƾͲŸϽҶ˵绰
ȻֿʼԱȥˡ

ڵ绰һͷƽɫ΢΢һ䡣
૵Ҿʦ˼·ǶԵģ߳תˣһ˳ôǱ޾ġ
Ϳϧ׿࣬Ȱøȥ˲ѧʿѧҽѧδ̫Щ⵽ʲôת
ܳɣ
ƽڳ˼ʱ򣬾ŮϽһˡ
ȥ˼ˣѾһŮūȫûٴУڲҪ裬һγʱ֡ɧ

֮߮ܳɲãԭ߮绹֪ͨ˶㡣
ΪӰ߮ĵ㣬ܳɾڻĳλã
촩ñȽ϶࣬ȫëһסӲߵЩ񱻰Ƶģ۾ܴ󣬹龫ֵġ
Ҳû뵽ܳɻϾܳȶ֣ҲкܳɣҲǽ𣿡
šǵģ׼ӡܳҪ˵ʱĵ绰
óһϽ˵˼㣬ѣҽ绰
ֻΪܳҪӵˣ͵˵ͷŴصûϵѽӰɡ
ʾȨιܳɸ磬ﰡ
λҿ㡣
ܳ⻰΢еȦҲܿ췴Ӧ㿪ңӾڻħ𣿡
աȨϴһ۹ֽС
ҵĹҹûǰ֪ͨ㣬ʱģպأ׼ġڻҪȥɶ㡣Ȩϸ˿ڡ
Ҳе㵰ۣʱҪħģȻûǰ֪ͨܳɣܳһϲģ˭ð
ܳǰһϲܳҲҪߵĻǾĵ۵ˡ
ûУ˵ġ
GǣȨӣ㲻˵˹ǰħǰ˵һġҽˣֻʱ֪ͨǰɣܳ΢е㲻ġ
֮ܳǰɳеʱȨȫ̽ͣħʱ֪ͨ
ڡܳɾͰԼλø߸ȨȨϺ˾ͷȻ¿ؿ
ܳɵλ֮󰡣ֱܳһ¡
˵ħůͰҳ˻֮⻹һ·еȡ
ܳȴûüȨȽܣʦ㣬ˣȨӾģ֪ͨҡ
Ȩӣʦ㡣ж㡣Ҳʡˡ
ȨΪеģȻȾȺͶкʦãܳõѣʦ㣬ҲԶʦ㡣
Ժ󲻹ħҲãɳҲãʦһԸҿ϶ԥǰ塣
Ȼ㣬ӣȫëףǷǳġ
㿴˿ȨһӦǣ˺úڣƦƦġ
أϾܳǽˣһˣҲԵףȨ֡
ûرĻֻٴαԼ֣㡣Ķ㡣
ȨôʽҲŷӦԼ˵ˣţľȨ
Լ䣬ȻͿ߮磬ҲǴӳվ˳Ȼ˵ѳˣؼ
ôһ˵ܳɺȨ˾Ͷ˴ӵǻߵ߮磬һӣſ֣ɫȽ࣬һʮƵġ
߮ƺе㺦¶㣬ڶǰ΢˵㡰߰ͷ­󣬲ŶܳɺȨָָ˼䡣
Ȼ߮Ͷ˲ֳ߹
߮˵ܳɣȨλʦ㣬㡣
ʦ㣬ǣ
ýˣǸոնʶˡҽʱܳѡ߮ͣȻʣ
ͻȻħ׼ѽ
߮û˵໰ֻǿܳɡ
ƺЩʲôе϶ͬʱҲǸп
֮Ǿģܳɻ߮ע߮ؿ£бԻ໥Ǻ顣
Լϰֹܲ߮磬Ҳû취顣
ܳأ츳ҲܸߣԼʦܳҲмӡҲۼܳɵٴʵ츳ǳߡ
ȻȽϸӵ˵аɣȻԼ£ԼԼг̰ɣҰ͵סľƵ꣬ɰŰɡ
дס֮ǰʶ߮ʱ߮Ŷʮһңڶʮˡ
Ȩ˵ǲ鷳£гһ£ҺܳɶǻؾԺǱߣʦ㣬߮磬˳·𣿡
˳·˳·ֻǡ߮Ȩе㷢Ͼ֮ǰλǰװʧ˵ġ
˳·Ҫ⳵ĶãǳˡȨæк߮Ȼͺܳɵϳһߡ
Ȼ˳·ģôʡǮҲǷǳ顣
ֻ˳ܳɾغȨʼ߮˿ĵĻͲˣĲȺܵͺܵ͡
ǳ̲رԶԺܿͰ߮͵ĿľƵꡣ
³߮͵ʦ㣬ȻؾƵȻһԷɡ
㿴˿ʱ䣬˵粻УҲпճھҪȥˣܻҪٵ
ô˵Ȩ͸Ͻ˳˾˵ǸϽѶС͵ҪȥĿĵأȻٻ߽ҡ
ǲǲ̫ãеɡ
Ǽֲϰġû¡Ȩš
ܳҲ˳Ȩ˵Ļеġ
ȵ֮Ȩֶܳɺ߮˵ܳɸ磬Ǵ򳵻ȥ߮ԼϢ
ȨͲû¿ӡ
ܳȻһЩʣסˣ˵Ȩ¾Լȥæɣ߮绹Щ顣
Ҳһ顣
֮ǰ֮ǰٹǣҪμһƵ顣Ȩæ˵
ֱ￪£طķȡ¡߮ͽ顣
ȨͻȻ֣Լ̺߮ȣе⡣
ɫ΢΢һ죬ȥǰ̨ˡ
߮ǰԤԺܿͰסһơͺֱ׵ܳɣܳɸ磬Ҫ飬뷨Ͱ𣿡
߮Լ֪ܳʲô壬½Ǭݰ˵ģҲ룬ֱӹܳƽˡ
ֻǣܳɻˣˡ
СппλڹĽģӦã飬ɣȤ𣿡
ܳȻ֪߮ȤģǻǶһ졣
߮۾˿ܳɣȤ϶еģĿǰȻȵģؿֻŹǻֹƽ̨ĻԻ̫ˡ
볡Ŷӿ϶٣ҪɼĻֻܾ
߮ƺĿǰĿǰأǳ˽⣬һԼ⡣
ܳɺ֪߮ʶֻǵ˵ֻŹǺֹƽ̨϶û˼ġ
Ҫȫۡ
ܳ˷ϵģ߮վĵܳ仰̶߮һָؽλ߹ˡ
Ⱥࡣ
߮ȴ˲ʹãͫһʣȫСппλڹ̶Ҫ߸𣿡
ôܣ
߮籾ľǣܳҵһǰغŵķȻȥܳɵרҵ϶õһɼɫ
ţһЩܳ˵Ĺ۵Сппλڹ̶ѾǶҵ¶ˡ
Ҫȫۣ߮ʼδġ
ܳɾһ˵˶ҽδչôĽ׶ǰؽ봴ƶ̬Ҳǲܵ顣
΢ûγѧ֮ǰͨƶ̬Ҳǲܡ
Ϊ
ûȥ֮ǰܳɵҰֻڼܺѧϣȥ˾֮ر½ǬݶԻܳɷ֣ԼҰһӱߡ
ǣıߵЩˣֽ
Աǿգ̤ʵء
ֲܳ䣺ȻֻһʱԶҪһһߵģѾƲ֣оͰʵ̡
ְ̬ṹѧ
ΪõĶĿǰѾ֪ĲϣԶԲϵĶԼȫԵʡԡֻǶԸְĻеԲⶨǱҪģһҪж飬ܹӦõС
ҲΪѧûиıͲ죬ԶİȫҲǾٴ֤ģֻҪǿȺԡȴﵽ׼ܹʼʹá
ȻһһЩеȽԵá
߮ˣüͷһһչȵܳ˵꣬Ÿп˵ҹһ˰ʲô˰
ܳҡͷֻǴ˴ĿܣϸڣҪ䡣
ʵôеļƻƶã
߮ȴǶеˣܴˣϸڵĻ߽ˣԺǿ
е̫ǵúúõһලС
ƣǿһıȫͿˣǾǱ˶ҽѧӴѧƼ˼
Ǯ𣿡߮˸⡣
ʵҲãҲãҪǮİûǮ̸J8
ʱ֪ܳѾƺһУǮ⣬ûг׵á
Ȼ˵ȨѾ˵ͶǮǣµռǧ򣬾Ͳ֪Ȩ᲻ôࡣ
ܳҲܹ֤ҵܹٷְٳɹ
Ǻõģھͻܣͬʹð
ȨǮ᲻ôǮ¡
ҿͶһЩࡣ֪߮Լʵ˱Ƚеĵˡ
ܳɼҡͷЩǮֻǵĸ˳ǱˮнģֻС˵Ļˣ˭ܹ֧ŵôġ
߮ȻдС˵ǮǮԼҪǮͷȲϡ
Ǯʵ
Ȼ½ǬȻ˵취˭֪ʲô취ÿ˶Ҫ㹻ʱ򣬸Լһ·
ȻĻû½Ǭݣ½Ǭûð취ĻûǮͲˣ
߮ҲܳɵѴʣǾԽɡ
棬еһʲôɫأҾ⣬඼Ѿ˼·˰
֪߮ǮЩӹ취̸ôܹꡣ
ҾֻȥٴϿ·˰
߮磬ĻǿԻһλõġܳЦЦ˵
߮ͷҡһ˹ġ
ʵÿ⣬ĸطǳؼ
һǿⱾǮԴǿǿĺӦá
ÿһأҪܺõĽⱾҪƺá
ҪѧȥǮѿͱͶʣ߾뵽˿⡣
ȻпҲҪලģúòãô˷Ǯȵȡ
󣬿⻹ҪӦʵЧĻֻۡ
ҲȥҪѿӦٴҪ߶ϵΰҲȥûô档߮粻Ը⡣
Ҫ֪ĸƤ
˵ʱ֪ˡ
û˵
ƾʲôҪ㰡ƾʲô㰡
ֻҪǴڣ㣬㣬ͲĻô˾Ͳ߰㣬ٺѣҪŬ
һӣϵĸģҲѴġ
ûΪʲôֺͱʵĲ졣
ֺ֪߮ͱʵĲж󣬲ȻĻĸ֣ڶңأ
ӵʮ˾ġݡȵ绰
ϵ
߮ԼŲ߮ΪԼŵģѪ棬õϴѧҽԺҽԺѪƵŽڣ÷ǳţơ
ǣȻѣ
棬˲Ͼǲϣѧ
Ƕֳ棬һڣô
ҽǷ㻹ñо񲡲ư
ܳЦЦʵĻҺõġ
ܳɸ߮罨顣
߮Ͼеģȫû̫۵ģ΢˵㣬ʵ߮ӺȥٴϵȻѿٴӦ
ȥȥۼұȲ㡣ʣҲӱȲ㡣
ȥ
ȥ߮ҡͷֻҪ๤ʵУðֻҪð
ȥͱ˾һ԰˵ҽԺǶѰҪһڵϿɲС
ȻĻҲѿȥأ
εõϿɣҿԺչô⣬ܳӦÿǵˡ
ðɣľûʲôˡ
Ϊʲôħˣܳһ߮磬ȽϹؼԵ⡣
߮ЦЦ˵ⲻǣɢɢ
ǣô˵ֵ֮߮ʵҲǳɢô򵥣ҲҾһ֡
Ҳ¸֮ǰҸĹµĺҶһСŮ꾫׼Ӧ13˸14죬2ĸ19죬ͿԡϷժˡ
µ׼ֲôˡ
ܳɴ˿̵Ķ˴֡
㱾Ǵɶģ
㡣
Ǹ˾Ϊ˱ҽˣһŮ˼߮νص
һ鶼Ѿ䶨ֱ̹԰ǰıƶԼѾǽˡ
Щ̵ˣ¶ôôܳɵͳૡ
˵ɶ߮ʵˣû㶮Ǵָ˭
ûɶûɶܳæҡͷ
߮ʵкܶķģÿ˶ϣСġϷժȥ͵İȣۻ
һһ챬ˣ˿ˣһļˣֱʱ򣬰Щ¸˳ʵҲһֳﻮ
ǣҰ£д˹£д¡Ȼҳˣдһ¼˵ܲܰһ˶ڳϣ
һ֡
иӿıʽȥĸУһʦȻٵһʦѧҽģĽʦʸ֤ʵ̫ѡ
ǰһֳѧƵĽѧ϶Ҳ̡
Ȼȥ˭¿һҲѣôȥֻôأ
ӿķʽǣͷ߾;֮⣬кܶҩѧ֪ʶѧˣҲǿеġϾͨһСŮļѣ׷׶⡣
Ȼٴ̽һСŮûʹҲǲѵ顭

ܳɵһֹͣƣ˰죬ǸʦѧϰҾʦĿγ̣о
ܳɹѧϰʦ
Ҳгоһ·ɵġֱ߮׵˵
ܳ˲ãʵ߮簡ִдС˵õġ
ҪдС˵ɡܳɾͿЦȰ߮硣
ѾŶҶѾˣ㻹һȥҿɲɣûһʼ;ܾ
߮һ˵ңܳɣҸ˵Լϲѧҽ
֪ϲʲô˼𣿡
ҸĸõʱҰԼٷ֮ʮʱ䣬оѧϰ֮ϡѾҸĸ˳ȻԱĸҳΪҵԸ
һԵһҽҪúõĻš
㲻ͻȻһͨ͸Ͷ֮󣬿Աŷôǿ
Һһ֣ܹɵĳɾͣ϶󡣱Ͼ㲻ҪһǿƵĿ⣬ռ
ҽѧֹǹǿô򵥣ҲֻйСппλڹ̶ô򵥡
ƺܴģҪңһ·Ҫߡ߮ʵʵ˵
֮ǰܳɾͶܳɶԸĽʣͲ
߮һָ㡣
ҵרȻܳڹǿƣԵ߮磬ôۺƵʱ߮ۺʱǱܳǿһЩ
ԣ߮粢ܳԱڳеܳоɫͬʱҲܳɽɫ
˫Ӯ
ܹɫҵ
ڹǿҪ׷ңҲкܴһ·Ҫߡһѧƶûѧ͸ͽѧϡ
·ûѧᣬͿʼˡ㲻Ըͷ˭Ըͷܳˣڵ߮磬ͺ֮ǰ߮粻һˡ
ڵ߮磬ǳ԰ǳš
Ϊʽڴ˵ˣ߮ʣĿǰ½ǬݶҪһЩԺĳɾͣҲǺġ
߮ԣͣܳڰʾĸ˵顣
ǣ˻ûʸ˵仰ܳɻеġ
˵ĻͰͷţȵܳɿʼ˵ǿ֮ʱʹܳɶ
Ϊϵͽôǿأ
ѵѪƲ
Ѫƣʵúܡ

ܳɺ߮ٿȨʱȨÿ˻ᣬǷ棬š
ܳɾֱʣ㲻ھú̸⣬ħŻֹˣ
ܳɾȨе󲡵ġ
Ȩͷǳֱ׵˵û취ܳɸ磬ø˵죬ôһ㡣ȥ̸⣬ҽԺС⣬ȫûиô㡣
ȨЦЦ˵㣬ͷչĿռ󡣡
ǺǣҲ𡣡
ǽϣлҪֻǿ˸Ƶ顣
Ȩ˵⻰ͷǳ졣
߮Ǹǳ̵ˣûбõĶġ
ӣܳһ䡣
ȴǶȨøе˺۽簡
û֪ôࡣ
ߣԷȥ
ȻˣǾͺúõȥһúһǮ⡣
ȻһиͬѧҲԼһ緹жں֮ǰұͬѧ֮ǰһʱ䡣
Ժ϶ദʱ䡣
߮磬ģԺӴһ¡ܳɾͽ顣
߮ص˵ͷ
˵˳Էĵط󣬾ͷ֣ںѾǰˡ
ȻںǷǳȻذԼ˶ģ߮磬ȨҺܳͬѧˣѣҵѣԺͶֵˡ
Һܳɰǡ
ͷǳ
ţܳɾֱ˵߮Ȩ飬˲䣬ں΢еˡ
̬ȶˣ߮˲ŰȻдС˵ıһܺðɡ
Ȩ磬㶼ѾʼҵԺҪչ˰
ҷڳųŵʱ򣬶ں֣ܳɵĹУԽԽã
ֻǱ˸̬ܳɸ磬߮磬飬ֻܳ10wˣΪҺ滹ҪĻôʡҲôˡ
Ҳû⡣
߮ЦЦ˵10wѾܶˣʵҪǲ֣ں㵽ʱ򷽱Ļæ
ⲻһС⣬һˣټܳɿ϶ˡ
ҹ˻ʹһ¶ںϾ֮ʮˣʮ˵ĴŶӣԵñġ
һ͵Ŀ⣬ڽ֮شͻƺͷ֣ôееߣߡڣֻǱ˻ûʶܳɵĿжش
ȻĻʱ϶ͽˡ
ҿȥʵ飬Ϥ֮ǰɱ󡣡
ؿӡ
Ȩ˵Һһʱ䣬ֻһ£Ǿҵطˡ
ȻħĻҾͲȷչҵˡ
ܳɺ߮˵ǰȨ۾һչͼ֮ơ
߮ϾͷȨľ϶Ҫչҵ㲻չǺôУҪȴȥ
ʱ򣬽ٴʱԽ࣬Խ˵
ദܹһսҲǹؼء
ȻҪĻҪ˴ȥг
ˡָ߮ܳɡ
٣ܴ˵ľܳˣȻƿҲ
ؼء



ڶʮ ģĶ򿪷ʽ
ܳϸ˼Ȩ˱ǣ浽Ƿʡ
Ϊ˲̫˽Ѹˡ
߮磬ԼĿ飬дС˵ĿǰѾﵽ˲ƸɣȫͲýҽѧ
ȨˣֻҪԵͺˣдϢ͹ӳԵˡ
ԼΪģֻҽѧʹãԼⱲӳ˵ҽ⣬ûԸˡ
ֻȻҪп͹۵ĳԼʵͬϿɡ
ֻԼҪֿ͹۳ͬ
֪ܳܶԸıǿ״ļȻֻܹطʵ硣
ˡ
½ǬʶȻֻǿܹۼõôˣ
Ҫ߮ħǧѣȨߣܳǲ뵽ˮġ
ϸܳɾ;ãҲûɶԵġ
߮ʵһ飬ȻдС˵Ҷʵ黹Ҫģ߮߳ĵӰкô
ʱܱȸСܶࡣ
ȨԼеҵԼ˹˾ôҲǻﻥһ֡
ڶںߣȫܳͶұ֮ǰĶںûڵõ˹ؼԵĿ󣬾ͰϳŶӣǼ侭顣
ڼȻԼµʱ򣬵ȻҲҪһ¶ں
ЩͬˣˣܳɾͲٿˣҪֵĻȥ
ʦƽʦĻܳɾãԼԼˮƽ֮ڵɣָϼ£̫ñ˾ԼҹԴ

Ȼô˵ˣҾȥԼ˰ҴһҪ顣
Լʵһû֮ǰҾҪȥ취ϵһʵңȻԤһȻš
ȵȨߵĸְģ֮󣬲ͨǿȵȲ֮󣬾ʽӦڶʵˡ
ʱ춯ĹۣȻӰɡ
ʵҡԤȴۡռݡݻ߮ܿȡ̸Ҫ㡣
Ȼ߮Ļöںɵ߮ȫ¶ɨɨﰵͺܴĸǶʲôͷ
ܵӣ
Ųţʵ򵥵һַʽǣһֵļдƴڵҽԺ͵λͺˡ
ΪʱоҪ֪һ˵ûʵǺ׵ġ
YF Yangthe Xiangnan hospital of Xiang Nan UniversityϴѧҽԺȻӦĴͳˣв١
ںѡ˹ߵһѡ߮緢֮󣬶ʱջһʼȻҿʼζ
ȻĿΪӵڼ϶ȥ
㣺ܳɣרҵǿףǲǲ
ȨԼĹ˾ǲǲ
ǵ߮磬ˡںһ£ԼˣҲǱ߮Ŀгɾ͸һЩﲻĲΡ
߮绹¿Ⱑòƣ߮绹ﵽ˲Ƹɡ
ԣʵ棬˵˾Լ
Լܹ༷10wֻǿֻܳڻԼ顣
ң棬Ȩʽ߮縺ʵ鼼ܳȥѰٴʵأֻԼǴ͵ģƿ
ʵ󣬶ںĪе
ԻȻ⣬е㲻Ȼ
ܳɾ͵˵ͷصǵģҰѿļƻ鷢㣬ʱҲһʵȻҡ
̧߮ͷܳһۣЦ˵ǲá
ֻҪ̷ҾͿˣظ̵ʵûУҲò飬ֻ߸̵ĻҸ˶ܽȥ
߮˵š
˵ģȴ⣬ں;߮ڰʾ
ʵ߮תͷĶûС
ǣаɡܳɾ͸æĿڡ
ΪĿǰӴ棬ߵ߮磬϶ĳ
ҾҪȥ˵һٴ飬ͬǵʽڶʵ󣬾Ͽʼٴ顣
ȻҪǣ˵ѧ
ܳͶȨ˵Ȩӣѧ֮ǰҪõеĲʼⱨԼܵı棬ҪذЩԽ紦Խá
ʵ飬رٴ⣬ôġ
ûоѧٴ飬˵ģֻҪǶе־񶼲㡣
һҲǶԴڵıΪ̫࣬Ϊٴʽ¼顣
áѾڴ߹ʦˣǣҪеģҪһʱģѾ˸߽ȥˣҲܰ˴ȨߵѹҲе
еЩûô״ﵽƽ׼ģĻҲҪǳרҵĹʦȥƻͼȶҪãҪһЩʧܡ
ȻҪԤԼ顣
ҪǣҪС汾ĶÿȰѶ֤꣬ЩְܹﵽԤڡ
ô˵һһοеʱ䡣ҿԲʱ䣬һסķȥ߮һ£вٵĿʱ䣬ǰԤֻöĴСزʵҪ
ԣʱ䣬Ժúõһ£ûѹĸо
Ȼٿ˿ǼƬƵ̬߮Ӱȣƽ˲١
ҿһȽϴ׼䡣ĻȨ߮磬Ѿû֮ǰַˣΪڽ졣
֮߮ǰԸ·γɵԭȨʹ߮硣
λԹ߮ôãҲ߮ô
߮ҡҡͷ϶ԼסҷһʴҴȥס캣ߵıȥúõһʽǰĻʱ⡣
Ҹ˵뵽еʱġ
ǰãǿԲ飬ǽ֮ϲɵĻǻַġ
߮һ˲÷ǳ࣬࣬߮ദµܳɺȨûʶġ
һŷǳϳɵƺһ˿ıһȻȻشһѹȸУѹȸУֽɢľӸµĸӡ
ֱܳض߮翴˼ۺ߮΢ˡ
Ϊ߮ʶˣ곤˼ܳɣ򲻹ģһԶԽ˵ġ
Ȩû߮磬תȥܳɣܳɸ磬ô𣿡
ħôҽԺ
ǴħԺɣϾô϶֮ǰһʱϵĵʦҪһͻƿڣֱȥһ
ϲǸرСˣӦöͬССģֻҪϿ˿ڣҵʱչ϶˳ࡣ
ȥĸأֱȥˣȨʡ
üͷһ壬ʵӽǿǿܳɣҪܳɵĻһӶˡ
ǣȨҲ֪ԼôˣƢΪԼˣƢʱңˣƢʵԼķչΪ
ʱƤһ㣬ûʲô
ӦǰɣߵʱһʦĽ顣ܳνһ䣬࿪Դ˿ڣҲһ⡣

ܳȥϣϷǳؽӴܳɡ
飬Ѿ˶ۣҲ֪ڵܳɣҪҪܳԼͬ⣬ùԪƽͬ⣬һѴùġ
Ȼڵ飬ܳɿֻˡ
ܳԼҲ˺ܶණ̡ơҶˮеĶû١
˵̬ȵġ
ȻҲװ˵ܳҪǴͲȥܳɾſڵż֣γǿš
̸Ҳ˳γҲǳΣҲԭ
ܳɣܳͿȥԺĹǿƱħҽԺҲԸƱֻܳҪȥʱԹȥ
ֻҪǰкͿˡ
ϼŵʱܳһûˣƢĺðڻκһҵСκһԺʿǲǵġ
ңֻܻϵıɽһǡ
ԼֻԸѣǣⲢûûʵû۽磬ûǻ۵ȵһС
鲻ԸǸԸ飬ԾûҪִš
ŹԼŹˣܵõĶӶһЩ

0307գũʮ
磬1751
ë;൱ߣڽӵҽƵĵ绰󣬾ʹ绰ԼʦʦƾʲôƾʲôҪҵסԺ˰
³סԺܹѾˣƾʲôҪˣҸң
绰һͷǴƵĴΣѦ޵¾ȰοôżϻëëģʲôƢأ
ֻ֪סԺΪʲôֻסԺǱ˵ģΪû󣬵㷸ˣɡ
ٴΣСĽСĽ
ë˵ǣʦ¶ȥôˣûûҵĻ¼ǩ飬ֱӰҵסԺˣ
ô۸˰
ëסԺʱ֮ǰһֱѧоҵһֱסԺΪҵΪǰ漸εһμС
ΪĲ̫࣬ûüд꣬ͱҵˣҰѲ˶ƽ˿Ȼֻûǩ
Ҳ֪˭дİֱӵûﴦ
ȻǸᣬҲˣëȴ˱ҽƽȥ̸˺üΣΪǰȫϣܹס
ˣסԺˣë벻ͨ
Ҿ͸ֱ˵ɣ£ϰŵģֻҵĿӣҪסԺʱµ£úõķ˼˼
ΪʲôǱˣΪֻ©
¸ʲôѦ޵
ëֵӣȫĲĻ϶ԿΪ֮ǰǼ飬ûǩǸ飬ôɵģ
ʵëסԺð˵ҲãǸҵҵ棬Ǳˣ㣿
Ī˵ǻʿæѲˣͬߵģԼûдǰûò˵Ĳʧְ
ëΪ飬ټֵĻȻٴλˣҲȥëߣڸסԺǹġ
סԺҪ˵ģˣҪأ˵Ѳѣ˵򵥲򵥡
ֻ˵ҪҪεˮƽȥסԺҽʦҲܻȥ
ë˿ҵϢŸϴºñӿֶûѣ⻰ëվȻ߽ͨȥ˸
ʦΪʲôҪҰ
ҺûʲôطһסԺҪƳٰ£һҪ¡
Ҳܲܲɡëе㺦£еίš
Ȼ£ԺʿݣڳȻĴڡ
ԺߣԺʿߣÿҽԺɣ
ʱ򣬴۴СԲҪ½һ£ǵǸˣεжأ
ֻǶµסԺ͵˸ѵ˰ɡҲ˽ǣһҪúõļסѦ޵Ȱ
ë̾һʵҵסԺˣҵֵ࣬ô죿
һ˶ϡѦ޵»ظ
Һܿ͸ë𰸣㲻ȥˣѾˣϾΪˣסԺˡסԺ֮󡣡
˻鵱סԺȻסԺ
ң
ëԣ˲ͫס
飬ڶ֪ͬ𣿡
ָΣҲǿڣǿΣѦ޵£ֻǴĽڶѡ
ȨȨһ㶼ԼĿˣͱ˵ǿƵĴΣҪţҲҪͲһ¡
£ϼȻ绰϶аգڲ˵ʲô
úһɣ»ˡ㲻ͬĻô˵ˣסԺˣ֮󣬾¿ʼѦ޵εͷ
ٴһѹˣٴ󼸼ѹ˴֡
Ѧ޵رγһնӽǣڿһ˵ʲôһĸɽ
ȻתԼѧˡ
ܳɣаȻ֮ʣкιϵ
γռˣҾ͵Ųλλ
ˣɱҵ˰
û취γǹǿƵһã˵ĻȴλãӵпһƱȨԷεһƱ
õģʦëһ
Ҳ֪ԼԼʦƢûʲôãֻܡ
γˣֻ˺һˣʵصģֱģѦ޵¡ˡ
ϰϣ㵽Ǹʲô̬Ȱ
ʦΪ׽ģʲô飬˵ͬƽǰ㣬ҲôʦоֻǲʿʵûλãԲڵʦү
ʦүΪҪң
Ϊ˴֣ãëκΰ취ûС
Ϊһʱ֮ȥְˣȥϵӲգֻǻһطλöѣûԼʦûϣԼĵλܺѿ
ΪԽǵ¼ҽԺϵӰԽ
ëԼǴСطģ֪һ㡣

ëѦ޵ͨ绰ʱ򣬹ǿΣﻯǸϽ绰ԼµסԺҲԼѧ١
٣ܻСһ㣬һ㣬ǧҪκ©֮ﻯž档

Ϊʲôʦ˵ҡ绰һͷٻЩ±ƣ̫ΪԼʦͻȻԼôһ
ѵΪԼƽﲻ
ǰƽʦ˵̫ڽô
ﻯ͵ƽʱƽʱڸոգϴ绰ңԸԸһסԺҸܾˡ
ȻһѦںͶڡ޽ڡ
Ҷͬ⡣
ֻѦǱߵëǿסԺȻλһˡҽֱҵĲϣû⣬мء
ѾٴˣʱͻȻ룬ҪҪؼĽڵ㣬һܳκε©
ﻯûСγһԺʿʵҪֳ췭ظԲš
ңħԺӣȱͨĽڣȱԺʿơ
ãˣʦİɡ
ƽʱ£һ㶼ǱȽģд©С覴ãټĥһĥٵıƫ֣ܿҪ͵Ļ
ǸԼ˺ܶɵģ˵еݾԲ¥ݣΪΪǿҽҪúñԼĹؽڣ¥˹ؽڡ
˵Ҳ˹ؽڡ
ʵӵģǣس꣬ʵӿ¡
Ҳ̫ˣ£ɲһҽϸеƷʡﻯϽȰ˵
ͬʱеڣôͿô˵أôԲ˵ǲǻ𵽷ã
ǣãٱ϶ϣǺء
Ա޵ģҪԼ˰ŽѶȣǳ󣬲ҪԼʵҲҪǾˣϣҲ굽ʮ꣬һõԼߡ
Ͼܹңʮڣһе˾һ
Ҫߣ˻ᱻ
ٽʵʦ֪֪ëˣʲôͷ
סԺڿܹʮ˸ӽʮÿﾺε٣ƸΪмְƵʸ񣬲
ȥѾΣסԺģʮ˻ǳְƣÿ
֮󣬻ҪھƸְƣˣëܶĻôٵѹӴһЩ
ְҽԺƸεְƣһ¡
ӵиְƣҽԺƸΪְƣֻΣ
ѡȥ¼ҽԺҲѡ۵ҽԺϵĵ̡
ûʲôͷҽԺģ֪ô£Ҳû˵ʲô
϶Ϲϵǳ
꣬ƺƽڶʱ϶ûôӵʲôܳɣϵľ˰ɡ
ҽԺʮ꣬ûпⰲһţҪװһҪһ͵λԺҲ΢ӵġﻯô˵ҲΪ˰١
òٱô£Ͼֻϵİ֮һһжôֲ
ţĻҾͷˡ
Сë֪ˣԼĹϵ̫֮󣬿ʼë
ﻯصڿɻûʸë˵͸类ƸΪмְƣдûУѾаû˰
ʼߴٲ٣ԽԽˣǲΪҽԺͿԿʼƽˣ
дˡ
ʦϡЦЦæ˻⡣

Ƶĵ绰ڹǿûٷ
Ժǿһ/ƣ˶ҽѧˣĲǹؽƣ岡ǹǲ
ڵõϸķʱܳ㶣ȻŻ˵ʦ᲻᲻̫ʰ
ʵȴһܴҽġ
γֻ˵ûʲôʵģʲôʲôɡȥﻯȻֱȥѦ޵±
ȻģҰĵ绰ҲѦ޵£ĵ绰ëëʲôʱ򣬾͸绰
ԼҪýӵ绰ܼ׼
Ӧûɡ
ܳɸϽͷûģʦ
ãǾɡγȻ͹Ҷ˵绰
ܳɿŵ绰Ĭ
Ŀγʲôˣȥ֮ǰγԸΪֱӰһסԺʱݼ٣ȥ档
ڵô£ڣȥħһˣ½Ǭڱ֮γֿʼΪô¡
װĺô
أ
ܳ־֣˵ҪʲôǸ˼ɣںܳɶԻĹУû˿֮νǰѲҪַӵ쾡¡
ܳɺܿ
϶һ㣬γܹزԲɵӡ

ܳɲŹҶϵĵ绰߶˲׼ϴʱ
ĵ绰
ܳɽӹһİĺ룬ʾħ
֮ͨ󣬶
ãܳʦëԺĸסԺˡѦڸҵĺ롣ëԿ
ǣܳóԷͲ󣬶
Ḷ̌˭˵סԺֶԻġ
ܳɾæأëʦãСܾͺáԺ󡣡
û뵽ëȴֱӴܳɵĿܳʦ˵ЦˣȻϼ˰ţôסԺҽʦҾǸסԺҽʦе飬ҲҪ㱨ġ
ȻѦҴһʦִҵص㣬ӦþħԺɣ
ëʵ÷ǳʽͨм䣬ܳɲˣëѦڣҪܳԵػ޵˼
˵ܳסԺҪΡ
ִҵصϲϹأ̽β
ܳҲֻһһӦԣţ֮ǰΪ˷㹤ѾĹˡëʦһϣԺԶཻҿܻҪ
ҲϣͽһЩء
ëս飬ֻܳӦսǣܳɵҪս󣬲ëԣϣܹõëϿɣȻõѦڵϿɡ
ܴ򼸸ӣ
ľ֣ܳҪٴչٴ⣬϶Ҫ˵İæģͲԽѦںë
ϵİţ֮ܳǰ֪ǰˣܳɲȥѡ
Ѿ飬ȥӱܣеĿʣǵС
ܳɵ̬ȹãëҲִЦˣԺʦһѧϰ
ô˵ţȴǿܳⵥо·췽ҹ̷һغЦ
ʲôʱҽְҵҲҪʼ߶·ˣʱ̡
ѵʱҪԳ棬ΪܳסԺܼʱ򣬳ֵ©ɨβ
໥ѧϰëʦܳٶһ£ȻͿʼʰ
էȻӦסԺĻҪ顣
ë绰ˣҲкܶ಻̵ĵطܳɴȥﵱ̣ҪóԼϿҵ̬ȡ
ѧѧҲѧ
ܳɾʹԼ·ٶһϴƷͳ˿
˿ңܳһ˶ʶֱӸϢңȻͿʼֻҳ档
֮ǰܳɾͨëĵ绰΢źѣȻ󻹷Ϣȥϣܹһµ顣
ëظڿܳٻظëʦѾ˿Ϣҡ
ëʦأ
ȻϣܳڵεְëġϼܳɻģëǾԺԺˣֻǹͣûҪô档
ѧϰ·ϣ΢һ㣬̫Ļġ
Ҳܳɵ̬㹻Ͽңҵë
ëרõġסԺϢңʵңǹǰĵطûֻӺӣ̻Ҹףв豭ȵȡ
˯ĻҪϢϢġ
ܳëܳɵͺ˾Ͳˣ
˴ľ
㣿֮ǰ׼ĺݻˡ
ĲĶô˧һк˦̫ɫ
ܳЦ⣬֣ëʦܳɣԽСܻСɶԡ
һʱ䣬ҪǸѧϰ͵Ǹ࣬µģҲ˼ˡ
һԼȡĻͺøУʵϾ滹Ҫõëʱء
ëǳ˳ǸǸȽɡ
ëǴܳ΢ܳɶԸգһºݻġܳһڼҴкģ
Ҫǣܳɻ˺ѧһʼͷǳò޴ְ
Gõģëʦܳһë޴ӣֻ˵
ģţƤȵ׼ëĸԣϲѧǫˣԣǫЩëͲᶯŭԼϻܵ𺦡
ëôˡ
ģǻʵģȻ΢˷һģᣬĿʡʱ䰡
£һȱɡë֪ôƺܳɣֻġ
ܳҲ˵ͷȻֻǶëЦЦһ֮
ëĵ绰ëһͨʣˣѪ𣿡
ûѪĻͲҪرʱĴλˡ
ò˼ȥط¡
ǣҲǾܾ˰ûѪĹۣȫǿԵȰûλҽԺ涨Ӵ
˵ҴҴλȥʱ̶һʯ࣬ȻòȥסԺĵط𣿻ָһҽԺͶߣ
ðɣ˽͡ëεվԼסԺĽɫ
ƽͲ˵˲⣬Ҫȥһ¡
ܳԣվŹĹĵ˫ëʦҸһȥɡ
ܳôһ˵ë
ģӦȥҲǸһ˚G
ëȻҲѧܳƤЦⲻЦ˵ʦԲӦҸһȥ


ڶʮһ ֵҽҵ۳˵⣡
ܳɵ̬ȽǱϹϾģһкëĵ΢Щ
Ҫܳɳ󣬵Ҳ˵ʹȥ𣿺ǻ˹д״ô
УܳɵͷȻͰԼ˫米˿
˵ѹ治̫ɾʱܵô࣬ܳѾһ˫һ״ӺϴƷһճ·
״ӣķһҪرɫͿ˱þ
߸ߴܳɣ˰״ӺǱһɣңʫԻܳɵĸУûʫ飬ȴһӵĹǿѧʡ
ѧʴ˵ţǼװҲǳԱġ
ëʧ񣺡а
⹤бӡҲҽԺġ㲻ǰҽԺѧɣ
ë֮ԺܳͻȻ٣ܳɴסԺŵļƻ֮⣬һԭͲʶܳɣܳɾ˹ϵսġ
ܳóĶ
ְܳģô϶ոµĹܳ⿴ͲµģӦ֮ǰҽԺ
ҽԺﻹԼʶˣ
ǵûпܣֻ֮ǰδıĻԾͲˡ
סԺǸϼҽʦڸߣҲῴÿµŰᰲ¼ҽӦöϤġ
֣ܳ
֮ǰڹǿƶԴڴһʱ䡣ܳʵҲϣܹ΢£һ¹ϵɡ
ëԣüͷһ壬ѱͲüëȫüȥʧ
Դڣëɫɻʣѧ˶ҽѧİǴ˸
Դǿ˶ҽѧΣܳɸģӦǸ˶ҽѧĲŶ԰鷳
ô
ܳɾ͵ëʦҪȥƣȻ߱ģ
Ȼĵ绰ֻҪڽӵ֪ͨʮڸϵͿԣҲûҪô㣬ﵢʱ䰡
ëܳɵǰ棬ЦЦĵͦǿġ
ܳɵ̬ͺסԺʱ࣬Űеһжáڻ̬ǾǻûܹᡯĶ
ᡯĶ򣬾Ǵ㲻ᡮ硯
ճ࣬ˡ¼ҽϼҽʦȴݲУë̬ͱˡ
סԺ׶ΣˣֻҪžͺˡ
úóԷŬ˯
ԡ
ܳɸëһЦ˵ëʦȥԴֻѧϰԼǴƳġ
ʲôһ˵ǿʼѧʲôģĴʦĸҵ
̶Ǹ㴴ƵģܳһʼڵĿҲǴƣ˵Ǵ˳˵ùȥ
ʵпư˼ܳ˵ʲô
Ͼó
ëֻΪܳ£һ¹ϵҲôƣңദ˼ӣëģʵ᲻һС;˼
ܳɲŶ󣬶ʮ꣬ʮ꣬ëëû롣
ͣڶĻ츳õĻܿ츳õġ
ܳӦ츳ȽϺõһ࣬ҲǶˣ͡
Сɶ˼ûˡ
ëϲСϲСȥˣǲôùҲˣѧܶ౾졣
Ҫǣ˻ĵӱȽϴ
ţǵȻǸ򷢡ë˵
ܳ˵лл˾ûٶ˵ʲôˡ
ϾҲǳμ棬һʼëܳ˵趨ǵˣȻΪû𷴸УҲʲôرĺøС
СӰԼǰ;ͽ·ߣӰ쵽ԼסԺĵĳ̣Ǿǿɶˡ
СҲǿɶС
ܿ죡
˾͵˼ơ
ܳɵһεħԺļƣ֮󣬸ܳɵĵһӦǺܴ
ռܴ󣬴λܶ࣬˺ֿܶ࣬ƺϸ
֮ǰҽԺǸƱֱͿԵһѧMDTˡ
ܳһţһߺؿߵĸרƿҡƣѪơڿơơ
ƵרƣӦļҡ
ëƺܿܳϵɻƵģҽԺҲڹ滮ǿƣѼһۺԺǿĴ뼱ġ
ﲻҡ
ܳЩȻʣëʦ˼ǣڼƽרƵļפרƵҽЭв˵Σ
ﲻңǾʹҽԺҪֳܶҽԴһ顣
ǡ
ֻǹǿƣҪﴴĵѶȣȽϸߣʱڹ滮֮СһɵĻԺĲҲûмﲡˡ
ʱסԺ͸ˣֵ࣬ڲֵˡëɬ˵š
Ȼָܳ·ߣ
˽˼Ƶңһţһ״վȻʣǹǿƵİɣ
ħԺ̫࣬һ㶼ҽмϼλ߸ڣëֻסԺ½ҽԺá
죬δʶ
ǵģʦëűԺǰ棬ɲˣƺˣƢöĻҪ
ˣиǳѲĲˡҸǽˣûλĿǰƣڽķ롣
˲⣬Ҫȥһ£ڲڼƵĵңʿԳ棬ȶʦˣ˰ͷ
ۡ
ëϽ˵ˣʦϾȥллˡ
ëǴƵסԺסԺֵ࣬סԺҽʦǾڣΪסԺҽʦרҵоֵŵġ
ǣЩϼҽʦУסԺҽʦǡūܳʲô£ʲôˣסԺһֻסԺ
ߵĹУëȻЩء
Ȼܳɼƿŵʱëסܳɣüüм𣺡ܳɣԵɣɣ
ˣѴġ
ܳЦЦ˵ûµģëʦ
ˣëʦסԺҽʦĻӵгȨ޵İɣ
ܳǰھԺͨIIIҪȨĻôҪĴˡ
סԺԼԾI/IIȨһЩѶȱȽϸߵIIҪҪȨ޵ġ
Ҫʲô
ûѪûëüͷȻһֲõԤС
ֻǣëǲţܳɻȥ
ڹ۶ԣֻҪǿԹۣûѪ񾭵ˣһɶơ
ܳɾͽ˵ȥȥ֮󣬾ԱݣãǹǿƵҽ֮ǰСġ
ܳɷǳо飬֮ǰڰҽԺʱסԺҲܶ۲ˡ
ԣ֪ôĲ˴к
ħɳеĲˣŵԵĲ죬Ӧò˵ǴͬС졣
ԣϾվʼ֣Ǹʲôϣﶼ˿Сʱ
Gôҽİ
˶ֱӴ绰ҪȥҽԺG
ܳĵ˲²һ󣬲ϣ̣ǲǸȥҽԺŶǰ֪ҽԺ
ڲдλˣҽܰ˸ߵѽ
ǿ϶Ҫܲܣȵ㶼ҪסԺеļȵеĳٸ㣬ûλסԺ
ԩеô
˵ʵֻܳ˵Ĵ٣֮ǰڰҽԺʱ򣬲˶סԴԶԶûλΡ
ܳЩȻôҽԺŵ
ôҽԺְкüǧ˵
ࡡࡡࡡΪǣ˹۵ĵطʼ
ܳæ˵̣ż˵Լģòã֮ǰҲûȿΡ
ȻٸݾкĴ
Ǿ浱Ŀ²֮ǰҲֻڵ绰˵Ȼʱչܿ죬ǻûзչβֿƼ̶ȣأ
ֻԼʹȥˣܳһĳƽƬ
ëҲ쳤˲ӣȻ󿴵ƽƬĽüͷһ塣
˫ۣһǿ飬̫ô
ַλӦλӦнޣָϣӦýдģʽǡ
ַλתλ
еѶȵľǣַλʧˣûλ
ëԼľ飬Ĳˣַλĳɹʣֻаٷ֮ʮʮļʣһЩСҽԺֱܾӰӦˡ
ִ̣ʽëڳ˼ʱܳѾͲ˿ʼͨ
ɵëܳ˵˿Գһַλʱëüͷݺһ
ҪڣܳȴһۣëһӶŵˡ
ǾëҪص񣬲ҪԽ
һ㶼ֻĻʦʦĸڡŸԼ̬ȣһֱʮѺú͡
MD
ë΢еëȻеĻ˻ȥ
㰮զզģ
ܿ죬ܳɾͺǰ̸ˡ
Ȼܳɻȥӡ֪ͬ飬Ҹ̿ҽֻǣƺߵҽ֮ܳǰڰҽԺҽһ
ëŰַλðɨɷ֮
ܳɾ׼
ܳҪ׼ʱëҪ˵ֱܳ˻Ȼëͳ׷һ·ȫװװʲôûʲôû
绰ϣܳǡסԺεܳɡ
ٲú滹иϣܳһëǮϵûС
ѾǾӦΡ
긴λʯ֮ܳɾͲֶ۵ÿ˵İ˵̣ôһ£Gڴʯ֮󰡣Ͳôʹˡ
ҲƭԲԣַλʱôһʹġʵȫʹҲõҲǰ㽲
ҪʹǾңһҲ鷳ң֮ǰҲûƭ㣬ʹĸоУ޶Բԡ
ǰû㽲ʹȫʹƭġ
ܳɽͣͬʱչԼȫѼй̶ƿغ֮УòһθУҽȥʲˣô죬ʲô
Żܻš
ѡȻҪԼѡףҽ˵ô˵ʲôȣܲ˵
ƵĹǰʱһò˰ĺͷĵԴȪ
ⰢһȻһ˵СҽţϹûͰκѽ
Ҳ̫ʹˡ
ܳɣ
ë
ⶼɶɶ
ܿ죬̾ͱȥXƽƬˡ
۵ƣеطһģԭϾǣҪ˴֮һ飬ƵЧϲϸ
ëǰܳһ£֪ոʲô𣿡
ܳɻͷֵؿëһۣ˵ͷ֪ëʦҲô
ܳɾú֣ԼڵסԺϣҺܺദڵȨͶλһġ
۵ַλIԼܾˣ
ˣëüٴһһ
ëʦ˵ˣסԺӵгȨڳ˫ۣѡպϸλʯ̶ܳɹذѲˡ
Ϊʵϸ˹ڶιۣҲڷԹ۵һ࣬ϸıպϸλ
ǣܳɾûʲô
ëܳ˵Ȼ۾ɵø󣺡Сܣ㵽׿ƬûУ
˫۵Ƕѡպϸλʯ̶ǣҲҪͺͷ־ġӦǡ
ëǺʵ̤ʵˣȻҲԺסԺλá
ѳӦӦãǻ
ܳɾЦЦëʦǵģ֪ҲһϾַλʧܣӦ
ëܳɵĻһëȻĸо
Ϊͷβûдܳɵϸ֪ܳҪġ
ܳɾǴһʼͱַλġ
㣿
ëһСܣǵٴҽʱȽһ㣬ʵȽͼŪһЩ
֪ڵ飬ϣҵϿɣҲñ֪ǿ
оˣҶĵ⡣
ǣҽǾҪ͹һ㡣
Ϊҵԭ򣬲ðʧôһƸľĻҿԶǸ
ҽѧһŶѧơ
ҽѧȻһŶѧƣֻë̹ףܳɾãüë̵ܶëʦʵҲôĿǳ
һΪȡ
ָܳ߿ëһۣëʦЩȵȻ˻ߵĸƽƬ˵
飿
ʲôÿģ
ëֲû۵ַλңڸסԺʱʶԼܹǳ޺󣬻һʱ䡣
ֻǣ˿̵ë˼άġ
Ṇ̀Ϲǳǻ§ţʱܳɾͺܿˢ˵ϵƬ̨
͵ҽԺƬϵͳͨģԿܱ滹ûֻҪ꣬߾ܹˡ
ܳɴɨ˼£Ͱλ˳
ëʦһƽƬܳɷʽ롣
ëνƽƬһɨ֮󣬶ʱĿ͵ֱˣͫۿɼٶš
Ȼȥ꣬϶ƽƬطŴСţеϸڡ
̺ͷǳϹͷҲܳɣǸҽۣô
أ֮ǰдǸܳûػʡ
˺Ͱ̾͸ϽѼﲡܳɼдŻȥע
мҪעĵطһˣҪע
ڶҪǵ飬ܣһ¡֮󣬶Ҫ︴顣

ܳһдһ߽̺嶼֮˾תͷ뿪ˡ
뿪ʱ򣬰̻ЩֵʣôôŵҽԺҶʹ
Ҫ٣Ȼûϰͬ͸ˣ³õ
ֲʹ˰ɣ˸ǻ
ںöˡ
Ӱ쵽㹤ɣࡣ֮ǰҽ˵ҪһסԺˡ

ܳ˵ĶԻֻеЦ
ô˵أ̣еҲã㲻
ģе簮Ҳ˰ɡ
˶˺Զһξ֮ë߲ſ󸴲ƽƬȻܳɵͲζˡ
ëʶģСܣǲڿʼ֮ǰѾǵˣ
ëȻ˲ɵ
ܳǿսģ˵ϣǿԺʿ
ԣҪôܳǹϵӲҪôܳɵǿ
ûرǿŴڣֻǣЩŵĳɳ·ߣòƲô˳˳ˮ
ðɣҲ˵ٷְаգëʦأ
Ҫؿ͹ʵݡܳװһƣ￪ġ
̹ħԺ̹
òҴţȥʱôܹ࣬ʲôҲߵĵط²⣬ȫ˼ȥԼˡ
ֻҪͺˡ
ΪʵܳժߵĻëͬ㡣
ë˵ͷ˵һ׼ȷֳҷǴţڣǰ׼ġ
ȶۣιۣȻҲַܹͨλﵽ״̬Ĳš
ָӦ
СܣǰҽԺ𣿡ëܳɲУʳ⣬Ѿ÷ǳˡ
ܳ飬΢֪
ܳɵʵӹɵġ
ֻǣˣԼҽԺԼ֪Լʧְ˰
˵ôҲһ棬ΪǼ˰
ܳҲëӣʵܳҲûƹӣֻ֮ǰһֱûѡ
ȫԼһ顣
ֻǣƽ֮ܵëͬǱβһǸ̬ģǾѹˡ
Ҳˣˡ
һĲʿ˶ʿˡ
ͱҵˣȻĻ
˵˵ţëסˡ
԰
ģԼѧˣѾʼˣôԼˣ
԰Ҷ˰ڲѧʿôë;ú҃
ëǰһʱģǣѧоͲʿרҵ͵ģ꼰㻹á
ڣܳоݣסԺˣⶼʲô߼
סԺֱӿսҼˡ
ܳɾ˵ǸëʦʵҺ滹û˵꣬ΪһЩ飬ûԵֵϵѧ
һѧˣϵİ£ٴһԼӡ
ëе׵˼ͻȦȦ
˻
ѧֱӰѿסԺˡ
ëǸӺǣܳɣԹַλǽֻǰ˫ۣҲܹһ£
ǸʲôأĽΣǹǵĽʽṹ
ëȻôúŪģʵ⣬Ҳֱʡ
ֻǣôʵʱëǾе㲻˼ġԣܳɵַλе㶫
ܳûбҪ
ܳɾ˵ô˵أ̫׼ȷɡӦó˲ָӵĹؽڹۣʵҾöһ
ҲֻܾԼȥˣҪƹĻܴ󡣡
ʵ۵ĵַλû̫ྭЧ棬Ըѧ˲ܶ࣬һЩԸѧˡ
ңе˾Ҳֹ۵ַλô˳ؿչ
ǡ
Сʱ֮
ֵܳë棬ʩչһι۵ַλ֮
һĻİëôˣ
øУɾ͸Уֱܱܿ
ëʦؿЩ𣿡
ţ࣬ҾûһЩϸڣѰѿأͱ˵ոڽֹǹַλʱôͷǣģ
УǰȺֺȺֹ㶼вͬôжͬأëܿͻһѧߡ
һһܳɽʱΪںܳɣͺܳʦ
Ҳû뵽гĽܳʦʱ
ܹܳɵ׹۵ַλѧϰĻԺ۵ʱ򣬿϶°빦
ëɵ
ǣַλӦõ۵ȫƣҲӦõȥһЩӵĹۣǼ򵥵ĹۣӦ档
λúãʱ̶٣
ܳóԼĵԣȻëһͼףܳɾôһ鼡һ鼡طš
ԱߣëǷǳţǳ棬ǻصѧʱһ
ëëҹȥ𣿡
ڸʲôë
סԺֵҡű߿߽һֵˡ
ɽź˲ŷ֣˿̵ë˲λλϵˣڴppt˵һġ
ŵӵĿΣȻֻ¶˺ס
Բۣ
ŵ˫һ
ԲѦʦΪѦڸëСײ֮󣬻˵Էڸʲôë
ϽͷĵǸ
ֻǣʵ벻ΪѦڻë깣ѵǵĽڰ칫ң
ëϽվ˵٣

е¡ë͵͵ģҲôһ¡
ȻܳɾͣëͲ˽йͨ
ཻʮ֮
ټë˵棬ͰŰɣëëҾãǿԵһҹԣϾֵҲͦ۵ġ
ȥҪЩʲô˵žͰëˡ
¥ȡ
㲻ȥëʲ١
ǣëëʲô֪ڸʲô𣿡
ܳɣ߰ģͻȻٴסԺƻGëëģ㲻ұ÷㡣
ô㣿
Ȼﻯ˵סԺ˲٣ëȻëˣëദΡ
ڿòëеϷ̫ˡ
磬кƭ𣿶ëôñƭ
Ҹ㽲硣ΪҸ磬ҿ϶˵ôġ
ңҵģһϣԿܳɵʵ
˵⣬ë磬Ȼھϵ֮ǰǿ϶ʱԸƾ¡
ڣǻסԺĿˣмְƵĿԡĲ˵һ֣ѧԺĿԹУûܹס
ַλлġ
ңѵôƭ𣿡ëʵʵ˵
ëʵʵͬѧǰҲǺѣһνӲٱöĹ֮ëͳ˲ٵ÷ˣҲдϵ˼
ëɷ۵㣬϶ǲġ
ëȻ˵Լǣ
ǽܳʲôţ
СʦСܣܳɣнС

賿
㡣
ܳѾ˯ˡ
ǣëͲˣȴͬͷһģ˯ž￴ܳɷǵpptһֱűǣűʼǡ
رǲ٣ֵ࣬ȴǴӼԼıʼǱˣȻʼѧϰַλ֪ʶָۣʵ
ʵ賿һӵʱ򣬲ٻǲܳɵʵʲܳɴƺ˽һ绰120רһ۵Ĳˣ
Ųٵ棬ܳɰһٲ绢صڼͻؼҺ
پˡ
ϾͿؼңԼıʼǱҲ˿ëһϡ
еĶëҪ
賿ĵ롣
˯еܳɱˣǲ١
СʦСʦϿһ¡
ʲô¶
Ƕ˯ôܳ۾
ܳɿֵֵҽˣ˿˶ţƺǸ㲻Ƶġ
ٵ㣬̫ڣСʦ
ҺëëȥϰַλģǸλһΣûɹ
ǲҸλڶˡ
ëëס˵Ҿˡ
һˣСʦ
ܳˣǿǻ
ΪҰѧһ첻͸ȥڲ˵Ͽʼַλ
ǵĵĺܴ
²۹²ۣҲܳⲻס÷Ƣ
һӣֱӴ̿Ծ£ЬӾʹҴҵظ˼ơ
ֵҽʯ
ҷˣˣ
ʦǸʦ
飬ﻯڴ绰ҲѦڴ绰ȥæֵҽãšɢţе㲻֪롣


ڶʮ ³
ħԺֵҽרҵ˶ʿоҽԼҽΡеĴǿרҵо
ħԺΪħҽԺÿ굥ǿܹյרҵоʮ㲩ʿĻѻʮ
ܹƽٳȥֿƵģû֤ģҲͨĵؼҽԺֵҪࡣ
ֵĳʤͳţȥ˯ž
ʵȫԲȥʲôģǰֻ˶ʿо꼶һסԺҽʦѣ
ʵʤ֪ԼֻһסԺҽʦǿһ׼ʿѦ޵½Խ֮󣬾ֱ֪ͨ¼ȡ
Ѧ޵½ڽĲʿ͸˳ʤ䡣
ȻѦ޵³˸֪ʤѾ׼ʿ֮⣬˸ߵҪҪϸҪԼΪҵ̫⡣
ʤ仹ǵѦ޵µԭ㼴ΪרҵͲʿоô͵óһרҵͲʿоķŬ
רҵͲʿоҪеٴǱеĸסԺЭסԺһЩٴЭסԺҽʦŰ༰š
ЩϣֻǻֻǵҽԺһѧĻֻҪЩͺˡ
ԺʦңھԺ﹤ϣ㾡ԼĶλרҵͲʿ֮⣬ҪʼڸεһʽסԺ
ȥЩϣܹ˶ʿҵ֮ǰܹɸסԺճ
ʤ䶼ˣǰ£϶ڰšëʦӹŰ༰ŵӻΪ˾ϤסԺ飬ΪסԺ׼
Ϊʤ֪ܹڲʿڼ䣬ﵽԺҪĻôëжסԺ֮󣬽ŵģԼԼʦˡ
ʤ仹һʿ꼶ҵʦ֣ͼΪʿ꼶ʦ֡
ҵʦ֣һѧ̭ˣ꼶ʦ֣ڼ̭ԵǣˣȻܹȥСҽԺһЩʡҽԺ˲ķʽȥ
ǣЩطܹھԺ
ΪҸȥȥ˵ҪҪʦ㱨ʤԼбҪΪԼʦڵٴ飬һΡ
ȻҲëʦ֣ҲѦ޵µĵӣѾԺˣɲȥС档
ĵʱ򣬸ʦ㱨ҲǶʦֵһֱ
ӴһԾ󣬳ʤæش˰״ӣȻ˼ơ
ʤ䲢ûżȥëĬĬһȦҵһͬһѧͬѧİ칫ҡ
ٸ磬ٸ硣ʤ俴ֵڴͺ
̧ͷʤ΢죬ϸһ£Ҳϳ˳ʤ䡣һרҵооһ꼶ʽʼ֮ǰһҵġСѧڡ
ڣרҵоڼĴ󲿷ֱ޿ȫѧ꿼꣬Ͽεʱһࡣٻǵãʤ񱾿ƾħģʱӢܺá
ڡСѧڡʱ򣬾Ѿˡ
ʲô˼أǲŸѧʤѾﵽ˱ҵҪֻ֣ҪѧĻʤͲҪŬˡ
磬ôˣĻԾϽվЦЦǳ顣
ԼıƲãֻһʡеС֮ħھҽԺΪѡ˷ӵĳԺ͸ԷǱˢȥ˵ġ
ɼרҵô㣬˲ԸԸսУ©
ƽСȺҿ˵ġ
ǿƸոǲ˸۵Ĳ˰𣿡ʤֱ⡣
Ϊʤģüͷ԰ǿƵסԺ˼ôӦѾ˰
Ұȥ˲ҵģѵ˸绰𣿡
һԣΪƱƵоƵĲˣеһ˳λȨȻ˿֮ȥƵļһҡ
ΪǿƵļûټǵرǰѲȥ˲ңһѹǿƵסԺҲȥ˲ҵģȻֻˣûˡ
︺ûҵרƣųҵôǿƾҪǹǿƾùǿƲҪרƴôҪ˻صٲҪ
£ʤΪʲôأ
Īǳ⣿
ʤϾףǼƵϼѹٶûߡ
ûûУҾǸǵסԺģ㣬ʲô˼ˡ
ǸңǸ߰ɣʤΪ֪࣬û뵽ԼһˣȻ֦ض֪ʵ飬ȥԡ
֪ĻôʤǲԼԵġ
ţǵġ
ҪֱӴȥɣٷǳ顣
ʤд¡ٴδػѧҵϰʤ佻֮Ժദ㡣Լû쵽ƵĲʿоģܻһҶҽԺӡ
òãٸ磬˰ʵڲ˼ʤϽ˳ȥ
һ֣߰һ߻ǾԼ컹еˡ
˵ûʲô飬ΪԼĺ棬Ժ֪ôԼͰëˡ
вС
ʤͷһϸ˼׸ôӦԣһ߼ʱ
ܳɾֺͲٴӲ˳
˫ȭͷܳɵԱߣôһƨ˼СʦҲ̫˧˰ɣģ˧
ֻ΢еԣԵһ߸ܳߣһתͷʤ͵ؿʱǲֺëΪʢһ춼ʾġ
˿Ҳеߵصͷ
ʼһάԼӣܳɣȻؿȥɡ
ܳɵνֻ˵ͷȻǳͰضԳʤҲЦЦ
ϾʤֵҽϢһ˯ҹҲĹ䣬ʶġֻܳûʤ䡣ɾǲٵ򹷡ʱ
ܳɿ첽ˣʤҲܳɵƨɺһ뿪
پֱӽסһ°ϵĺ磺ʤ䣬¡
ʤʵԲǸɵģʤǿﻯˣڿϣëߺܶࡣ
ܸ磬һؿе¡ҡʤǲԸ潻ģرǸոտٵ򹷵һĻ
²ٻɱڣΪݳʤ֪ټǺбģһĸڣҵΣסԺʱֻҪûдǸա
ҽԺã˵רҵû˲š
ʲôϽȻҾͼڰӰ˰µתϡв
ΪסԺסԺҽʦסԺҽʦֱϵ쵼һҸסԺҽʦĲӣϼ˵ɶ
ֻҪӰ쵽Լѧҵ΢һ¹أҲ˵ʲô
ʤ˲ͱס˲Ƶģˡ
רҵ˶ʿоȻоʦģҲסԺҽʦһ֣סԺĻܲ
ʦҸոʲôûʲôҲûʤϰ֡
˷ۣ˵ǲǵӾ͵Ӱ˰Ծʶ·Ե˵ôһڶĻҲ֪ǰɣ
ٵĳе׵ģȻˣǺ绹ڣһ˵ζҲͣĿࡣ
һ㶼ûë˹˹ĵĸоһļС
ʤȻԼҲΪ࣬Ĳ٣ˡ
ϽЦܸ磬ⲻ
ͻȥúֵࡣ
ְѳʤĲһëëСӻе֣ҲԸһĻҲúء
ߣ㿴
ʲôʤʡ
ܲܲҪ
˼ܡپͰѳʤѺ˲ҡ
ʤëڸ˰ʯ󣬾͸Ͻȥæ˵ʯ඼֮
ëһֺõصã磬ûôʹ˰ɣ
Ȼһ¾ͳˡ
һˣĺ֣Ȳٸӿֻ࣬Ӵδвټô󣬵δܴù
ϵڸˣ˿¶ϱ۵ʯ࣬תתΪ⡣
ɨһë˵Щҽ͵Ҫúѧǻǻᣬǲᡣ
ƫƫҪʲôͰˮɵġҲңȻĻ϶ֱƭȡȥˡ
󺺵Ļëû취ӣʱֻߡ
ǼЦ˵ЦˣǶǰչģַλַλʧ֮󣬾Ҫơ
ƨǾΪǮ㿴˵ҪˣС޾ͰҵĹ۸κˡûƢǰζá
ҾͿˣǾǷʰһģͲ¡˵
ëҲúƽˣЦЦ˵˼ûȥˡ
֮󣬲ֱóʤȥƽƬȻëëëǲ̫˰ûѡһʵĲˣ
ʵˣҲܹλýȥġ
ûѡúʵĽǶȺȣ
ʤȫĪ
ë˵ܳɸЩַۣλǰ˫۰
ƽʱǰճĸλַܸλȥ
ɽ죬ҷѧˡëΪЩơ
٣֣ûܳɣԭ𣿡
յſڣ˳ʤ䣬û˼ˡٴ˿п˵
Ҫţ¼ˣȫüʱס֣ǿά
ë͵̫˵͸÷Щ߰뷨Ժʿֲүүֻĸүү
οԷֲǹǿѧԺʿˡ
Ȼ㿴ҵġëһҪļơ
ʱ򣬳ʤˣȴֺͿˣ̧ͷʣ磬ܸ磬ҪҿɶţǿûؽⰡ
ʤΪëͲƽƬǱ⣬ɳʤϸµɨһȦ֮ȴǷ֣ûʲôĵطԿ
ɨĹؽλûʲôǲ
һǳҵıԹۣһǰ˫ۡ
óʤȥƽƬʵȫиͼȼסƽƬȻһƽƬ㿴ȼס
ʤȻ֪ٺëǺ«ʲôҩȻǶô˵ˣͼźˡ
Ȼʮ֮
ٺëûȵǸ߽ëԼȼˡ
˸绰ʼķң֮󣬶ԷʲôǸֵûƸ鰡ҶˣҪȥġ
ֻ˵£ٸ绰ˣﻹйҪҲ϶ἱȥ
ëס鲢ǵһֻ²ۣȥ㹷Թ۾Ͳһ𣿡
ǻŲ˻ģɽ긴ƽƬˡ
ΪٺëŶҺܺλ¾Ҳλˡ
ݲ˵Ϣ鵽˼
пǲ˲̫ϣƽƬλûô׼ǣȻкܶϢԿġ
߼룬΢еλ˴š
еĴλȫλ
ȻϸĽʸλǳĹܸλҲǲϸĽʸλ
ʲô𣿡ʳʤ䣬ʤʲôûĻ
ôë˵ģʤʵֵ仰Ͳˡ
ʤ˿ͬһֻһذͷۿеѿĸо
Ȼǻǵ֮ǰһĻôأ
磬ܸ磬ַλӣ
ǵ¿ûڻѦʦ˵
ǿ¿⣬ôʤԼӦһ֪ܲ룬һ֪
ë⻰ɫĺˡ
Ҿӹ
ҡ
ܳɣҲǸҽ¿⣬ԸǷҺͲҲѧϰַλ
˧̫˧ˣҵУǿҽӦô˧ġ
Ҳͬë˵΢е㿴ëڵ״̬ëˣԼ鷳ҽֲƣˣ˧
㲻Ҫӵܡģѧأ㱻˰ɣ
ʤõٺë˵ĳ
һ۵Ĳˣһҽַ££󹦸ɡ
ĳ˧
ֵʵʵĹ򰡣ֶΣֻйǿУֻǣеļʺģ࣬ǲֹؽڸλּ򵥵Ĺۿԡ
ѧƵĻ
ȥǶǲԵġ
⻹ѧ𣿡ʤܺʡ
ڳʤһЩַλ͹۵ĸλشҽϵһ֡
ĿǰҺͲٶѧǶԼۣǡ
͡ëú⡣
ΪܺãҲܳɸϵЩסˣҲԼ⣬ⲻѼǰ
ǲĻ
˵㱻ˡ
ʤ̧ͷ˵磬ûпܣǲˮƽ⣿
ͺñȹĻǲ֪ô𣿡
ʤĻȻˡ
ë˶ԿһۣȻԴӶԷУ˸֮ɫ
û˵Ȼʼҷߡ
;ٺë˲΢΢̾һ
ˮƽǺܳ츳İԵĲ죬ʱۻ̣ǵĲ츳ëȻЩʧ䡣
Ҫ֪ëͲٶھģνǾ֮
ңǾãܹ֮ھԺΪǵ츳ã֪ڵĲֻ࣬ʱĲ࣬츳Ĳࡣ
֮ͬУȻмˣܱǵ츳һЩҲֻǺһЩѡ
ǣ֮ԻΪǵ֪ʱۻУԽԽ㷺ԽԽࡣۻô֪ۣô֪ʶҲܹ׾ٵشﵽһ
츳
ǣΪڻ츳ϣǶȲˣ
˱ǵͻҪСĻ
ëļ򣬰οô룬ҪȫòϾܹܳϣƸΪסԺ˵ġ
Ȼǻǰ̣ҲӰ쵽ǰ̣ôҪ飬Ͽ϶Ǿ˼ǵġ
ܳɵ츳϶ǿȻǵסԺģܹϰַλ
ҿԺȷظ㣬ൢסԺֵõġ
ٵͱëԴ󣬶Դëº֮Ľ͹ͨ΢ЩһֱԴԾӡ
ԣڿοëܳBTû취顣
ͺñȵƳħһһҲƵΡ
ë˵ͷǰܹΪܳ˰ţ϶Ǿ˼ǵġ֮ǰһֱԸϣΪٶҲ
˵꣬ëЦɵҷֶʱ־ãҸܳλ׬ˡ
ַλǲɶòƸǱ
Ƶҽÿ˶һΣεԼĲˣܹԼϣֵϣԼܹУͽι۵
ֻǣļܣһֱڴҵ׷֮жѡ
پëļ򣺡⸣СͰһжˣǲùôࡣ
Լ׬ˣռСˣҲҪѹֻҪǲԼȥռˣһжõİŰɡ
ë㶣˵ͷ

ȥ֮ëͲٶûдܳɵϢֵҽʤ䣬Ҳ˯֮СҲ˸λãȥ
գ֮
ëͷǳԾأѦ޵½ڵ棬Ҳ˵棬˵Ѧʦʦ¸磬찡鷿֮ǰΪܣҪһҪ顣
ȷǳǸԴסԺʦʦе¸ǶΪҷˣڹĹУͷԼޡ
˵СҪһʱ䣬ҾΪҿԱչʱ䡣ںһʱһλʦѧϰ
ëĻǳĸԸȫû̫
Ҳûа̧ܳúܸߣȥܳ
̬ȣù˾Ϊ֡
ëⲻѧëˣȻΪ˹ģʵǸе˰ǵġ
Ժѧϰͽ˲飬Ҳõġ
ܳɴסԺļƻëȻôƽ
º͹ڣѦ޵£ҲǾԼѧе֡ǰֻҪë飬Ǿͺˡ
ĻΪĽڣҪźЭһܳɺë֮Ĺϵ
Ѧ޵£ǾγֱǸƦåԼѧҸˣڻɱģëסԺҪܳɰŵԼ
ëܳռ棬ⲻì
Ѧ޵˺ݣݵȧ͹֣ӺܸߣһǵĸоҪ͹ŽڣС˵µġǽʱ䰡
סԺһ򵥵ĽӡСסԺסԺҽʦĹëΪסԺЭסԺ
ĹܴҽסԺҽʦĹëͺСҽɽӣðɡ
ô˵꣬Ѧ޵һһܳɽһ¹¡
İе㻢ȫֻ֣׳Ƥƣеǻ㡣Ӧòǣ΢˵㡣
£ҽʦһ㣬һңֶСѦ޵½ڵݲһµڲֲ͡
Сܣ
Сܡ¶Ϊغܳɴк
Ȼ֪ܳΪλսΪڵѦ޵¶û취Ļģ
ëǹѧһĿǰΨһһԺѧ
а취Ѧ޵ܲȥ취
ʦʦǺáܳҲһһ
Ȼֿʼ໥ܣ¼ҽĻܳɶûüȫֻʶһֵֵҽʤ䡣
ʤ䣬Ѧ޵µѧ
аë䵱ҪĽܽɫúܳɱѦ޵ĽڣλƵġ
ⳡ棬ԽԽ֡
Ѧ޵͵͵ذѳʤһߣʣϣ֪֪ʲô
³컹ܳɺγëģԿǸë˰
ҿ˵ı飬ҲǶëڵ״̬ǲ֪ģֻһ³ʤ䡣
ʤͷ˵ʦҲرһ㣬Ҿëʦ˵úܶԡ
ʦүİţ϶ġ
ʵǣëʦѧܳɵַλ
⻰Ѧ޵·˷Ƥ
ΪɶأַλʲôѧģԼ
ʤһ仰ѵѦ޵¡
ǾϣҲѦ޵µʦȻֻ˶ʿоĵʦ϶̫ڿһǡ
ԣѦ޵Ҳû˵ʲô
ھ
ľֻܳɣ˶ˣëˣˣʵһжվɣֻǶһ˲鷿ѡ
ڲ鷿ǰѦ޵»Ƕһ䣺𣿡
鷿ǿܣûʱ䣬ǽѧ鷿
Ѧ޵±Ǵܳɵģ뵽ܳɲųէƺëܳɵ̬ҲиĹۣǾòҪΪܳˡ
ΪԼë֮Ϣֳ
ԹɫѦ޵ÿɱ˶˺ܶࡣ
С̨ʦ58ڽëϸµػظ
ë˵֮󣬳ʤ˵˵ǰǰҽҶѾ˲ˣûʲô⡣
Ӧܹ׼ʱ
Ѧ޵µ˵ͷţһ򵥵Ĳ㱨ɡ
14˭ģ
һվ˳ҺʦһһĴ
˵ˣǹѧ
Ȼϸµ˵1Ƕ෢ǽ崴ģڲϸȾˣ˿ڲϣݣǰйȱĿǰ˫֫෢Ѫ˨Ѫƻжݻһ
ĿǰԳ崴
2ŧԹ׵ĲˣǰǶ;ĸȾѪѹ΢򲡣첨ܴڷڿǰˣ˵ΧڵѪǲýеڣڽ
εϸҲǣ̶
ڵҽԺйۿŸλڹ̶Ⱦ۲ϲԺĿǰгڸȾûסڵĿؼѾᵽ˺ܸߣÿ춼ҩһ
ÿ춼ҪϸȷЧԡ˺ͼֵúԺʱ𣬾˵ǰҽԺϺƶˣֿʼ˵ˡ

Ÿտʼ˿˵ĻֱӰܳɸը±ˡ
ʲô
Щˣ
ǣʮӺܳɰԼ̬ȶ󣬲ŷӦ
Լ½ĿħھҽԺɳаҽԺ
ɳаҽԺǻңֻˣ˶ҽѧĲˣûС
ħԺﵥĴƣࡣ
ֻ崴ϵģܼƶ߲ͱ򷢳ȥˣϺˡ
ĹۣǾͽסľ񣬻ԺĲˣħԺ
ܹħԺģƵĲˣеĲˣ
ȫǸʡеҽԺ֮Ҫģܸӣ˶βãġ
ֱһӻⰡһĴ˵һ䲻Ļûһû
ǱʲôԹ۰ʲôԹ۰̫ˡ
Ĺۣܼ򵥡
ǣôһЩ˴ĲˣãȻٱ͵ħԺĴƵĲˣ͸ͷۡ
ܳɼȥܽˡ
ĲˣȾǻ
ȱҲ㺱
ܴƬദĸȾҲҪϡ棬һЩεĲعƣҲҪþȡ
һڲϣҪѦ޵½ģѦ޵½ϴʵؾܾҪ󣬸ҽԺض˰˵
ͬ
Ϊвۡ
ԼŪ۵ģΪ˵ǰԼܹ֮ߡǶʮִ֪꣬ԼȹǾˡ
ǣ趼֪
ͽ쳳ܣѦ޵¿϶ǲַͬģҲ˰Ѧ޵˾Υ
ԼԸ⣬Ҳܰߣֻ
˺ͼ͸ƵģͶѦ޵¡
ôЩˣܳɾ;ãԼѡħԺΪһվôѡ˵ط˼
ħԺûֱȽϼ򵥵Ĺô
ܳɲôʵʱʵ͸𰸡


ڶʮ 鷿
鷿Ḷ́δΪܳɽģͼ˽࣬ͣ١
ֻܳǳէԲ˵ļ죬ֻܹݹܴҽĻ㱨з൱еۻ
ŵؼס˲˵ĴһЩϸԵ⣬¼ҽ˻㱨һҲû취еϸڶһһԭ
ΪܴҽĬΪﻯ֪һЩϸϢģȻΪܳǳէߣͶ㱨㶫
ֻһĻôǼıȥӦȶء
ȱ˶Բ˲ȫֵİѿأܳɣҲû취ȥô׵ġ
ȻĲˣܳû¹ȥ˽⣬ɽҪˣܳǶк̵ӡġΪض໨ʮӵʱ䣬ȥλĲ
Щ硣
ܳɳէȻ¼ҽԲᣬѦ޵½ڣǺܸܳӵģҺ󣬾ëܳɣȰźÿ顣
ëҲǲŪܳɵ״̬ЩܳɵСܰ˵סԺ׬
ëһʼΪܳǿսıԺְΪԺʿĹϵԵסԺȻȥˡ
Ҫܳ·Ųλá
ڻ鲢ԼӰܳɶûסԺĹ൱ھǰԼܳɶѪ
ܳȻǲëԼҪĿģ͸ᱻɵӡ
ðɣҪҪúöһ£ҲԼĿǰҪٴĴĥ
ܳɾͰѻص⣺磬̨ø㰡
ܳһ߷Ųһ˵
Ҫľ5˲ˣ˵֫ƤŧΪѴ
ŧʲôǽ˸˾Ѿʴƿ˹ǻƤʣҾ֯㣬ʴһͨ
ȻŧҺ
յȾˣԶǰһһ̨Ӵһ̨˸Ⱦʡ
һ85ҪգȾϸн˸˾ϸ൱ǻԸȾ͸ˡ
ϸͽϸ˾ֲͬһԾͰ5ŵ˵һ̨8ŵ˵ڶ̨
ӡ
ܳĿǰļܣǵģд˽̿ϵļܡЩܿ϶ǻôIIVܣϿӦеĹǿƼˡ
رٽ̿һĹۻҪļʱЩȼļܣͼɱġ
ɻһܹؼǣĲˣܲǰս̿ģҪȥͷĻơ
ĵȼϸֻּIIVǣʵܳɵһЩͲIVӦǳIVԱֳV
ܳԼľޣʹģĹУҲֻǸݹҹĹǿּбһһܵġ
ƺĲܳǿ϶еģòƣﻯϵĲˣֻǵĳһǺѽдġ
Ҫϸط䷢ƵȣܹﵽõЧ
ëЦЦʣС֮ǰ˵ǴƵרҵǰûĲˣ
ëһֱڴĦܳɵȷӦòħԺĴУпħġڿܳûӣֺħĴˡ
Ȼëôʲǿܳɵ˼ǡ
֮ܳǰŵĵλڵħԺһƽĻĲӦò
ȫټҽԺ
ƽһҽԺһѲĲˣ˵ģ۵ħʡȵغǾǧ
̫ˡ
ܳɺëһ¾ãëܳʦСʦе̫ҡˣԾǣëܳСܣܳɽë硣
˵Ľ飬ëҲϲܳɽʦ
ûôʶ󵥴ȾĲ˶ټܳɵνԼᣬǳ˼ʶǳôأ
౻ȡЦһ¶ѣʲô鶼װ֪һ˵һ䣬ȻʶˣͲҪѧϰˣܳɻôȥ֣ôȥȡΣ
ëʹ֮ܳǰĵλֻԼĵۺʹ˲˾ͺֵλˡ
ѣ˽˵ĵλ
Ҳ˵ǵļУÿطĶλһ
Ҳ˵ˣ֮ܳǰĵλΪĹ۲˲٣㹻֧ϰ似Ĺ۱պϸλ̶Ĳ
ԺͿԶʶˡë̬΢˲١
ΪʶܳɵĶ̰壬ȻžܳɸʵȻܳôһ֮ҲԼĶ̰壬˼ˡ
飬ǾȲùˣҪǹ¼ҽԼǵҽЩ顣
Щ飬ڶиסԺˣ⼸ʿҲҪ
ҪľһҪŵ
ëָһЩܳɳʶԵ󣬾ִܳҷߡ
ڴ֮ǰѦ޵½˶Ѿȥˡ
סԺμϵ˾ͻټϻܣԣֵҽʦڲҽԺڲңܹչ
סԺȫԼ֮ٽȥеԼĽɫ
ܳɱʣ磬ҽԺƽָȾˣǳ洦Ƶ𣿡
Щ棬58ǳ洦ƵĻôãԼΪȼܣǾ͵ȥ˼֪һˡ
ëҲҡͷЦ
˵Сܣôʵٴҽѧ棬˵ԭôһѣƾҩֻĹ̺ϸڣЩһ
֮ڵĲ˶һ㣬Ϊں١һָȾĲˣĻ٣ȣпĲˣתͽICUˡ
˵ëֹ˼ǣʱĲ˸Щڵģһܿħ
飬ëܹҵģͼӸȾñȽϺõģħһһȴǽʡ
ǱߵĸȾ˶࣬ұҲܸߣ˼ôǮ
ô˵Ҳ䵽˳崴һ顣Ҳ˵ã崴úãԼĴ
õĿؼƷѡĺãͿԼٿȾƵƳ̡ЩǽǸÿǵ⣬¼ҽֻȥĥɡ
Ķۣ֮ǰܳҲ˵
ƽ˵Ԥ󣬴ôܳɼʡ
һаٷ֮ʮĲˣǿԻñȽõԤġ
ȻҲаٷ֮ʮҵĸӸȾˣΪָԭԤáëҲûʹԼĿţƣ󷽷سҲһС鲡˵Ԥ󲻺á
ʵϣëĵ
ܹôʡݶ˵Ĳˣʴﵽٷ֮ʮţƵĵط
Ϊβǰٷְ٣ڶࡣ
пǲ˵ļͥǮˣпǲԼԸˣҲһСֲ˵ĸȾѹ͹úܣսչȫ෢Ⱦʧȥģп
˻ĴͳҽѧۣܹǰٷְټӵгߵġʡִҽѧһֱڳԼĶ̰ġ
ֻһЩˣΪִҽѧ֮ԲһݵƷʽΪʱĲѡ
֪ܳëˣǿԴ󷽷سħԺƲõĲģһЩħԺ͸ɵأ˲˾͵ųȥ
ôĵط

ëһ·ңܳҲᳵ·Ͼ֮ǰ
С㵽ҽԺһʱ˰ɣëܳɵĶЦЦʡ
ôûҪǰǴأ
֮ǰڸʵ飬Ȼһ߻һ˶ҽѧľ顣ҲãʡģԴڵĶʦ㣬Ҳʡˡ
ΪϵûֱǴơ
Ҫ˵ëȻҪʵȻҲҪ̫ʵˣȻĻϵӲø顣
ëҲͲ˵ʲôˣ漰ңڣΡһסԺҲ岻۵ʸûС
ȥٵػ·֮ҽڸ˴Ҫһܹʽʼ
ںѦ޵½˶ºһסԺҲһʿ￴š
ܳɺë֮󣬾ͺԾذæʼ̽
ܴҽ¥ϴҽܳɡë͸סԺסԺܡ¼ҽرܳɺ͸סԺܣʿ꼶ʢ˵͡
ȻܳݴëλãǻǸëһӵġؿʼ̽
Ū֮󣬲ëѦ޵½ڵ˺
ëضѦ޵˵ѦڣС˵ǰټʶĸȾѰ˼̨ɣ͵
ͶұܳɶĽ似Ĺַλܳɲһμ˵֢ȾǺܺϺġ
Ѧ޵˼ؿëһۣ͹ȧ΢Ķһ£˿û
Ѧڶû˵ʲô˾͸Ӳö˵ʲôˡ
˵䲻̫ģʦѦ޵£ԼǽڣŵϼҽʦǽְƵģڽޡ
ùܵ飬Լıڵ顣ģٲΪ
5гĲˣϴزÿ˿ڶкܶҺ
Ѧ޵¼ϴ֣޾£Դףſʼʽ
Ѧ޵վλһ¶ܳɵľֻˣȻסԺʢʣµľ
̨ϵˣëûλˡ̨в̨ĺôǵ˴ͷҽڵѹۿλʼ
̨ϵˣëǺϤģǣܳȴһμҲûܳ
֮ǰ˿ڴɴȶˣ˵˿һ34cmڣڵ·һܵĴڣֻڲпڻܿڣĵɫҺ
һѾŧҺ
ѿ˵㣬еľζζ
ǰطŰ֮ħԺġ
Ѧ޵˵˰֮ǰͨŹؽڣʼǹɹǵڶڹ̶ȾһʱȻͨŹؽڣŹؽڲûŧҺ棬Ҿûؽںͼ塣
ҹһΣܻҪѼһȡˣŹؽǻһ崴СֻĻ͵ðȫŹؽûĿؽˣȻ·Ŀӿ΢С㡣
λڴȵڲ࣬ȫŹؽûһߵǺ·ͬķ
ԺгȻߵڣΪ֮ǰ˴ʾĽڰä
ڶ壬ǶԽǿŹĲʡ
ڵĺܶ壬ǿŹĲˣ֮ܶǰֲ
Ѧ޵ǰͺ͹۹ҪҪԭؽûԭӣϾԭпڵλø̫Զ
Ľǣ򿪰ɣ׵ؿһ¹ؽǻڵ
Ȼ̨ǰĴ죬ʱܳɣûȷҪңܳûвǰ۵ġ
Ѧ޵ôһ˵
ͽѦʦҪȰڲ΢һ°ɡȻĻ¹ؽǻڲ˿ڹͨٴ˿ڵʱ򣬵ûҺ١
ȻѦ޵ǽڣǹȻϰ߽Ѧ޵ʦ
ãҲСѦ޵룬ȴڲҲǿȡġ
ȻһҪڲʱĲҲǱƷȻĻŴڲ࣬ܵദĿٴεൽŧҺǾ鷳ˡ
ڵ໹äˣͨԭڣγһ̶ȵ
Ѧ޵½ſ˿ܳɣֿ˿ʵСܣܴڲԴĻҾֱӴߴؽǻˡ
ŽڣЭһСܣ
ԣϾ֪Ѧ޵µ⡣
³ëͻȻܳתԣóͨѦ޵뿴ܳɵʲôŹ֮
õģѦʦһ̨Ĳп崴ԣѾûκʹٽˣϢ׬
λ˿
õģллѦʦ
ԡܳԣ΢㶣˲С벽Ѧ޵ôһ˵Ҳص˵ͷ
ʵҲǺܺ氡ȽϸӵĲ飬ʲôԴ֮
ܳɵһģôѲһǵµĸȾ
˿ԼӦܣ崴綨弶
ʲô綨壿
Ǿȫ綼ǾԵһˮ׼˵һҲѵһ
崴ֻǵ򵥴˵崴ʵеСá
ǴСãͿһߣס
ˬˬ
ܳɴӦˣ
ʢëеסΪʵ˶óӦոѦ޵½ں͹֮ĶԻǰģֱܳɵǳȥġ
ܳķӦӦǫһ£Ȼȥı顣
ʹӦǲеðʧأ
ԼĻ
ʢãԼ϶ǲҴӦ̨ģΪѾԼΧԼȥûȤ
ԼԼѶȡ
ë΢һ󣬸ӳǺ֮ɫ
ܳɸҴӦðʧǣҲܲǡϾܳˣԳƶϺ⡣ԼʼʱܳҲǷǳƵᣬǳе
ܳڹַλϵ崴ϣӦòرٲŪø⡣
ԣëҲûпںԼʦʲô
һԵȻޱ飬ǿܳɾȻӵĲ˶˿ӳʱﻹһεе㷭ġ
ⲡ˵ĸӳ̶ȣɲǼЩ򵥹۲ܱȵİ
֪ηǣеأ

ܿ죬ܳɾͽӹеʿݹ⵶
Ȼķߣͬʱˮ˿ڵԵ˿ڵķ߲ü⵶ķҲ󣬾ͷ֣֬·дҺʮŨ
ɫѿŨɫԣʱſûŵŵζĶе¸ҹ
վܳɵĶ棬Ϊܳɵ֣ʮۼֿذѸѹ˽ȥȻ
ڣ
bububu
һȫ졣
ԼãҺ壬ȷǳùЩ
ܳɿһذճŧҺ֮ٴȲذƤµķߣķߣҲһһ˿
Ȼͷ֣˿ڵĸڲ㣬ȻвٵŨҺ壬֮ǰ֬µĻҪһЩֻʱɫѾɫˣǱǳɫġ
ܳҪʱȴ֣·ǳбûаܸȥ
ܳҲͱԼͣǵģվŵ£ħԺҽʦԭ򣬱ԼƵļ棬ûԼôǿʵ
ǣҲԶҪС˶ԷרҵԺͻ
Ѳʦϸһͨϸллˡܳɵǳ侲ȴʮֳء
ǻϸĻôĹģͲ˰
㷺Լǻ϶Ⱦ⻵
һȾȻƾ飬Ŀǰµ˵ǰֻҪ2Ŀ˻ƼɣܳɻǾãǰĿڣܻеˡ
ȻЩҲֻܳʱԼ˼ѡ
˷ߺ¶ĵ׼Űɫɫļ⣬ܳɵʮֲġ
ܣѲеʿȷܵʺ󣬾ͰѶ˹
ллܳڰѴڵҺת뵽к󣬰µݽеʿһͿپ죬һϸ
Ѳػʿ⣬ҲùĽ͡
רҵˣʡȥܶ鷳ܳɸרעؽк
һȻϸؿ˿ڵ
ջǾƫͷҪȥѲ˵Ѳʦ鷳ٿһ⵶Ƭá
Ѳ΢е㲻̫ԸǿһƬҸոջŵѽ𣿡
һʣҵıе̨
óô˵ֻǱܡ
һáܳû̧ͷء
Ѳػʿƣűãʲôɿ
˲󣬼öãӵǺܴ
ȻܳҲö˵ʲô
ֻ²ۡ
Ѧ޵ҲûܳһϹȻҲ֪ܳɺѲػʿ׼һƬ⵶Ƭʲôá⵶ƬҲ󣬸ͲڳĲ棬Ҳûʡ
Ҳ۾˼˵
ССҪ˼ƽϡ
ܳںѲػʿ׼⵶Ƭ󣬾Ͷºʢ˷Ը鷳΢õر¶Ĥ
ܳţºʢõ
ʵϣºʢ˺ܿ͸ܳɻӦﵽܳ˵ı¶Ȼûôרҵϣܳһ֡
Լ֮ǰڰҽԺɶ
ʲô鶼ҪԼ
ܳɵ˫֣ӣֱֳʽż⵶Ƥпڴʼؿʼ崴
ûرĿ죬ҲûʲôĪĶ
¿һۣͿЦȻҪ͹ڽʱȴǷ֣ôɫڶˡ
ȻתͷѦ޵£˿ҲǰĿ⣬ۼܳɵҰС
ʵϡ
ܳɲų֣Ѧ޵¾ͺؾͲ׽ܳɵĶȻܳɵļ⵶ĻƤ࣬ǣܳɵ֣ڿٵ΢
˵ǲ
ǵһʵϰһ˫ֽʽĶǡ
ǣĶֶԲһⲻһ
Ѧ޵Ȼû֮ǰʹܳɣǣ֮ܳǰпķ߲ܹóܳģҺ
Ĳ˵Ҳһ̨ˣԣʵϰֽŶ϶ܳɵϣڣ
Ѧ޵½ڸϸ¿ʱ򣬾ܷ֣ܳɵ΢΢ĹУĴָʳָָڲϵ΢仯ŽǶȣż⵶Ƭļͼ紦ɿƤƤ¼϶ɦΣ
ԭеڹǲƶԹĹɨ
Ѧ޵һֱԼֻһƵҽǹǿҽΪ֪ƺ͹֮Ĳ࣬ж
ȻΪڵܱһĵؼҽԺΣоΪףоμӵĴ磬֪
ǣһڹ߹ΧʵرȽӲĶùγ׹εĹУָзεʲôط
ܳڲĵطֻ֯طҪɹɨĶɲš
ǲ޹ʹˣһֱܰѼ⡢Ѫܵ֯û
һѼ⵶Բܹչ֫֯޴УɲǿЦġ
СܣǣѦ޵ϾͿˡ
϶Ҫš
ȻҲܳɸʲô۶ӣȻ۶ӵļʺС
⣬ˡ
ŵϦӡ
ܳںأܳɴȥ֮Իһϵе㲻ϳԼѧͻȻı䣬÷
Ѧʦǻ϶崴
̫ʵĻҾͲ
ܳɶû˵ҪѦ޵¾ҡͷЦЦҪ
Ȼ㻹ǵðճһĻԭ
ϾΪĽڣҵøвףҴ֪Ľʲô
ħԺΪħҽԺڻΪ֪ҽԺ֮һˣһ¶ܲˣΪһѧ׵ĻǾͿ̫Цˡ
ֻǣѦ޵»Ҫܳɣԭģ˵ǿɾͲ˼
ܳʱͣסĲһ߼ͣſԷֳ֣һڹǲɨ崴еӦã΢ﵽ˼ܹ֯Ҹɾعγ֯
ڶǻ϶ۡǳ崴Ҫг֯޷ȷǷȾ֯
һֱΪȾ˿ڵϸһǱڸǻ϶УܹЩǻ϶΢ٽԵгԸ̶ȵر֤֯Ĳ
̶ܹȵذѸȾ֯ɵٸȾļʡ
Ϊ崴ԭܹ򿪵ǻ϶򿪡ͨѯ׷֣ĺܶרʵ崴ʱѾǴﵽ˳崴Чˣǻаٷ֮ʮϵĸʡ
ԡ
ܳ˵š
ӵڶܵܳɣ΢һ֯غϣܹѲͬļײ𻨣ܹ˵ԭǽ˹ѧƵۣС
Ҳ׺֧֡
оݣ
Ѧ޵µ˵ͷЦ˵Լˡ
ȻѦ޵¾ͼԼȥˡ
¶ǼֶһۣܳɵĿУʼ͸˾
ܳɵҰĹ󰡣ȻŸΪҪѦ޵أȥﻯڣѵ
òһΣѦ޵½ڣû̫Ե˼
ϴֻʿؿܳɺüۣףǹרǵʲôʲôͦôµġ
һӿô󺣿ڣͲ³ô
ô߸˧˧һ˧磬Ҫǳûˣܿϧ
ҽȻǿҲɣɹܳ˵۵ʵԣֻǾܳɵۣ΢е췽ҹ̷
崴ƻеĻܳɾȻѡ崴һ֡
ƵĻʲôÿһҽѧ㣬崴崴崴
Ʒչĵһ崴мķչÿ崴
崴ǽ̸ҽôȥֱЩǻ֯Щǽ֯ٷ֮ʮϵıʣʵг֯ȻߵĹܡ
ֻǣеļԴ崴ôһ飬Ʒչһٶ꣬Ѿоˣо͸ˡ
㻹
ȻܹĻô
ΪһеĻʯ
ͺñȣѧһŹߣǶѧƵһֻѧһЩ棬ôĺܶණ̷췭ظı仯
ͺñܹʽŶãһʱ˶٣
ҽѧÿѧƣʵ鷽һٴʵ飬һǻʵ顣
ٴʵϣĺܶۻ߲룬ûлʵɹӰô󡣻ʵ飬һʵģˣͿԷ߷ֵ¡
ΪʲôԷ߷ˣȻӰٴʵҪӴһ㡣
ٴϵһЩ˵崴ЩԵļܣڻѾôֵĲˣרҵ֮Ҳܹ֪ôȥϣ崴һЩ
ĿǰϣоĻԲʵǸֻʽķϡ
û˭崴أ
УҺܶࡣ
붯֡
ǲ룬̫ѡ
ԣܹ崴ѾϵĻϣһЩĻô˼磬㲻˰
ⶼǱŸд̿ϸԵĶˡ
ܳɵҰĵʱûôۣرȫҪתݣȻٴۻ
Ҫô
ܳɵĲȴԽԽ˿ԽԽ˳һЩʱûúˣѾǴƤƤµ֬ˡ
֬ĲܳѾָıһֲģʽ
ʱԼӦǸر𵭶Ѧ޵½ڣҲе㵰ˣһ£ŵСܣ崴ϣʱĿ𣿡
Ѧ޵ˣװס
ԭ崴
ԭ崴½
崴µ⣡
崴ͽѧʲôˣǾǻ֣ĸĸһ֣µĶ壬ܹôһеܶ˶ı䣡
Ȼ򵥣ǻʯ
ܹıǿƵĶֻһֿܣֻҪһͷȥ
Ѧ޵ǾԲܳɷġ
Ǽʮ꣬ȻùΣ
ܳڻᣬһأ
ܳѦ޵»˼ֻܳɾãڰ崴óΪ⣬е֮˵һЩϵͳѦڡĿǰоģһ⡣
ܳɵĻͬһѼƵģͰѦ޵µ˼άµˡ
ga
൱Ǽ
ʲôȸոܳɽĻҪҪ
Ѧ޵¾ãԼҪҸᣬúõغ̸̸ܳˣػСܰ㻹ᣬʵ磬ܹ̽ȫòֻΪıɽһǡ
ԾͲ̸ʱԣѦ޵¾ֻǶһ䣺СܣоʲôҾرҪĻǻǿ԰оһεġ
Спڹпλڹ̶۵ַλʯ̶ܳ룬ʵ˵
⡣
TM
Ѧ޵µʱ˫һţѡ
˼ǹڲ༡֮󣬼һ£еۡ
ܳɸûע⵽һ㣬ϵ


ڶʮ ѧ򹷣
Ѧ޵±һʣ뵽ܳɻܸظ
Ѧ޵֧һܳɵģϣܹܳסģŸߡǿĿȥŬܶǧҪ
ܹ崴۸߸ôѧĻҲ˶߸ΪҽѧĺôԶ
ֻǣܳɻشѦ޵µĴ𰸡
Спڹпλڹ̶
۵ַλʯ̶
ܳ׳о崴ԣǸӽӵġ
У۵ַλʯ̶ҲǼΪԵļܡ
ӹƴڵʱַλѾٴ֮ˡңĿǰĹַλΪʮľۣγһ׷ǳϸӦ֢
ڹ۵ַλ֢ڵģӦ
ҪԵļͻƣҪһЩ͵ӦҲѣҲûȻпԣһɹĵ߸ԣȻ
Сппλڹ̶ĻǵǰѾвٵٴŶӣĸѾٴŶӣпչͳˡ
ܳоеĻϡ
ͺԣʵоĿԸӸһЩӽ̤ʵأҲӽӵ
ܳһ˿ܸıѧĿԣܳȺǿƻĿԡ
Ѧ޵ҲˣܳɿٴУǴĿĺͿģϵĽ룬ֻһֵء
ܳҪ￪չٴ⣬ʵĿġ
ţ뷨ǿԻཻһ¡
̽һ¿ɲԵġѦ޵¿ƣ˵ƣԼʦһЩ
γʦǲԼˣ˺ôʱڶ£ǻǵԼġ
ܳɵ˵ͷѦ޵µ˵Ⱑ
ΪڸոգܳˣһЩСֶεģֶֻΣǳһˣҲˣ
ܳΪʲôҪóȼ崴ϣ崴ĹγֲأչʾѦ޵أ
Ͷ״չʾԼʵѦ޵µע
Ѧ޵мʶ֪ܳʩչļܣȼܣ϶Ķܳ׳Ĵ𰸣ǱȽģȽϿյġ
ܳôھܹȥָıѧĿأ
ȰԼ뷨ŴȻʵʲͿʱ򣬻صϣ̤ʵأܸš
Ѧ޵¿ԼʵģԼĿ⣬Ҳлġһ൱ǻΪѦ޵½ڣԸ˽ԼҪĿ⡣
֮ܳԸĳԣˣļƣȻһĵġ
ҲΪЩţܳѦ޵ĽദĹУӴݺš
ܳһֱΪκ飬Ҫǰƺ˼·ģ벻ͬԸ񣬲ͬݵദҲԼĹ滮ʹ㡣
Լӿ뵽ҪŶ֮ȥ
ëദʱ򣬾ǿѹΪǱᡣ
Ѧ޵ϽʦദʱòҪһ˲׳̫࣬ѹƣܹ׳ɽһǣӸһʶأһز֣ĶȤ
õġ
ڴӾ֮ǰܳɺܶʱ£ʵе͵ģΪܼڱԼñ֪ʵ
ϵļʱ򣬾йŪˣҲΪĹŪϣ淴̽һ̽ĵϸ
û̽Ըٵȵȣİš
붡ദĹУܳҲˣһӾ̸̫Ŀ⣬öֶЩ¡
ʱܳɣûоġ
ǣܳɣѾҪ˵ʶˣֻҪ˺ôܳȻôŪԼȻȻˮɲõġ
ദģʽٲѦ޵¾Ȼеҡ
õģллѦʦָ̡ܳɸæл
Ѧ޵Ҳû˵ر࣬˿ܳɺ󣬻ؿˣСܣĲ͵ɣŹŽһɽĲɡ
Žڣߴûɣ
̽ܳɵĵϸûҪȥˡϾڵܳɰûIIIȨûIVȨȻ˵š
ǻǲҪ̫ܳĲΪãէΪĽڣҪ֮ƽ⡣
Ҳܳɵ˼ˮƽͻصûģѦʦ
Сܰң϶ûءǡôҲ£һܳɡ
Ѧ޵µ֣ĬĬ̹Ȼˣ˿ܳɣһ̥óݵĴ̥
ԿԳİҲѹȥˣλ1
ˣħԺ࣬϶еġ
˲˵ëͬһ棬ֻ̬ϧ̬һ˻ûʵңһ˻ϼҡ
ңħԺҲı̬࣬ԣҲǼֲˡ
ֻǰ˼һ֮󣬻ǾãܽԼʶܳɣı̬Ҫӱ̬һЩ
Ϊʲô뷨Ϊı̬̬ʵǸ߷·ϡൽʮ꣬ſʼԼĸ߷塣
ǣԼǰ̬ھ͡
ңͼСѧĻ崴ƷҰģܴ

ͰؽǰܹĸСʱ
Ϊ̨ǳӣѦ޵¡ܳҲҲǵʽˣܵܳɣҲȥ̨ɶȣǸʲôˮƽ
Ȼ߾ͨϣܳɻǾãδ
Ϊǵʽܹеġ
УܳɳһʼչʾһԼƹ׺󣬾ûٶˣϺͷܵĻºʢɵġ
ܳɺë˾ͱнͬ¥㣬ĳϢҡ
ܳɼǵϢңܳǴûģ֮ǰǿƶˣûܳǸʲôĴڣܳɲ֪
յˮһȱ衣Ѧ޵³Ϣɳλָָ
ëԣæʦˮҲߡ
ܳҲϽȥæһԵֽȥˣܹвȾͲˣɲġ
ֻܳüֽҳѦ޵¾˵Сܣëæ㣬ĵ顣
ܳɾЦţƨ
ȻҪôһĻ׼Ҳû뵽һĻ֮찡ǵڶ죬ܳɻ˼Լǲ͡
ʵѾǺ΢ˣȻĻܳҪǿȥװĻڵѦ޵½ڣҲµ̨
ϾܳԼҲǿո̨ģҿֺֿãûҪ
һûIIIȨûѦ޵µȨûбҪôš
Ȼ˵˶ԣԼֿܻѦ޵½΢ôһǣʵϣܹѦ޵½ڣҲǵĺˡ
Ѧʦ˵ܳɺܿϾ˵
С϶ǴſİɣӦҲ֪£Ѧ޵ֱԲ䣬Ͼûˡ
ڵˮڵëվſڣѦ޵µĻ۾һգգ
ﰵ»ֹһ
ܳɵͷ˵ǵģѦʦǴʱ֮ġ
ֻû뵽߶ŵˡҪ˵ģǰ˵ˣٻܹѦʦõһ̹ϵıǩ
ԸѦʦ̹Դġ
ͨ͹ĻܳΪѦ޵ӦòܾԼĺ
Ѧ޵£ĿǰֻǴĽڣһﻯλ˲֮Ѧ޵½ܲܳȥӹλãɵλڣҪѦ޵½Լ뷨Ķˡ
ңҪǣ˶ΪŬţѦ޵Ҳ϶ˡ
Ѧ޵ЦЦ˵ȷôֱ׵СӣһǺġ
ȻˣǾԵ֡
Ͳ֪СܣĿ⣬Щϸ˵أߣ֪ңѾһ𣿡
Ѧ޵øһǣγʦҲԺΨһһԺʿ
ƽγ˶ʿоӲʿо൱ȫѧԣƽھǾԺؽƵΡ
ǣγѹסؽƵƽѾеȨѹˣٶƫѦ޵¡ȻγȻû
ϾΪΪģĿǰھԺģγѧ
γֱӰæԾͰܳǻԵĶ˹Ѧ޵һʼʱûʶǺܿʶһ㡣
ԣȻҪĻһЩ
γȻܳ˸߿ôܾͻԼäܳɶܺôӶࡣ
ЩĲζĻѦ޵¾Ͳȥεˡ
ܳ룬͵ѦڣʵʵڵĲ裬ߵееһжʵ顢еЩҪߡ
ٴҲҪСʱ䡣
ܳ⻰΢е㱣ˣҲΪԼ˸Ŀʱ䡣
Ѧ޵ȴ۾һеͼ׺͸еҪʼʵˣǵӦǱȽȫİ
ΪеˣѦ޵ʵúרҵĿǰĸְ廹Ǹ̶ԵЩۣΣе׵ĻӲ
пλڹ̶Ϊְ塢롢ȡͲ˵ˣŹ棬Ǵͳϵġ΢ӻ̫ˣСˣܹľǸְ͸롣
ϢСппλڹ̶е൱ǹؽھӦʩ
רҵˣʵǹؼ
ܳɻشҲԺܹؼְ͸̶ﶼУر̶Ҫ࣬ݶЩ
ԵĹ۵ĻĿǰûйǲλƣֻй͵ƣC3ڵĳǹֹۣؽڵĹۣõġ
һƣȱ״̬Ƿγ10ϵĹ۲ã״̬Ըݾǲͬڹ̶ʽ
׵ееʮ࣬ʱûøθײرӡĿǰѾģ壬һ߽жʵ飬һ߽ģ߲ݣﵽڹ̶Ҫݡ
ȻĸְС״ı仯ܻϱ⡢׺ڵֽ΢
ܳɻش൱ϸ£Ҳרҵ
ܳɶٴԤƣԶԶѦ޵µԤڣ֣ܳ׼÷ǳܵܳ׼Խܵôܹģܹ飬Խ١
Ѧ޵¿õܳشǾ䣬ʱûйǲλơ
ʲôǹǲλ
Źǡ߹ǡǣǲͬλĹǣȻǳǡ
ܹô೤ϣܹʵСппλڹ̶Ļô

Ѧ޵½ڵĻͳ죬ëס΢е㼱
ʵûй۲λƣǵڶ˶ҽѧѧư
ܳɣȷǿе𣿡
᲻ˣ
ë⣬е޴Ҳе̫ò
ͿһһֱӰѻ⿳֣ǻôģͱ¡
ǣΪϽܳɾֻתͷصëʦҲȫų˲еĿԡǣҾûǿԽʧʵġ
޾ԣֻܳȷģõļʵ£۾ʵġ
ܳû취͹۵ظȥ֤ģʵģȻȥ֤ģüʵġȻ֤ʵԼӵģ
ܹ֤ʵҲȥɵ¡
Ѧ޵¾ͿëһۣˣȥúÿˮպûС
Ȼë˵ģǴſԵģҲġ
ܳ˴ĵظţ϶һԼϵͳġʲôնԸеĻͱˡ
ëͷ΢еίȥˮĵط
Ѧ޵²ʣǵʵ鳡Һ𣿶ʵĶԤ˭أְôṩôôﵽ޾ĻǰôΧڹ
⣬ǵĿ궯ѡʲôǰĹ֤ҪЩͣ
ȻٴУǵٴ鵽׸ôƣ˭еߣǶ٣
ĻôôȥȨʽIVֻҽʦڼ𣬲ʸʩչ
Ҫһˣôôȥ˵еߣЩϸ⣬㿼ǹ𣿡Ѧ޵Ϊڣķǳеġ
һӣѲѵ㶼˳
ܳɵȻҲ˼Щģ˵Ѧʦʵ鲿֣ѾͬȥƺԤˣרҵģЩضѡ
ٴĻҵĳܾʮǾͽҵ
ʵڲеĻΪ͹ܵƵĻҾֻܻʡȥѰˡ
Ѧ޵¸ָô⣬޷Ǿں̸ܳУռȨܳôܻᱻѦ޵סҿԺ㲻ܰ
ǵģҪõȨҪôѦ޵ҪôѦ޵½һȨޡ
ǣҲǷ㲻ɰ
ʡֻ·ħԺĸڣ㻹ǿΡħĸԺлɽȵȡ
ϣƾסҵĲӵĻǿ϶ܣһʡȥȥԡ
Ѧ޵ɫһ֮ǰһʣֻ̽ܳɵĵ̡
һܳǸƵµĹ¹֮ˣֻܿأܳʡвٵУһʱؾ
Ѧ޵¾ˣЩĻˣСܣô˵ͼˣֻΪ˹㰡ǰɡ
ʡȥأԶħԺܹṩƽ̨Կ˵ǱʡܹӴƽ̨Ҫߡ
Ѧ޵ºš
ΪֻҪǾѦ޵ǲ˵⻰ģǻĹǿƣҲ°ʡɽҽԺҲ¡
ܳûֱӻػֻǹһ˵Լ
ȻǺԼռƣѦ޵»ǽڣԼ΢ŵһ̬д
飬ϣѦʦܹһѡȻĻҾֻȥѰʦİˡܳɿЦţװ
ΪҪӵߣܳȻҪռ岿ֵģĻʱ۹׵ʱ򣬺пܾͱժˡ
ǣ幱׶ɵģôѦ޵½ڵҪרȨҲǸܵ顣
ܳѦ޵½ڵƷ飬ҲҪ㹻ֶκ͵ߣסԼĲ
һΣħԺΪУѦ޵½ΪҪ飬ѾǸѦ޵½һЩˣܹõĺô١
ܳɵ۽磬Ѿĳһƽ̨ˣܳɴܻذҽԺϴѧҽԺȥˡ
ܳɵĽѦ޵Ϊΰ
ܳɾǸ£ʵܳǰѿ˺ܶණģҪܳɴһϢռˣȻǲܵģôͲҪռ˵ˡ
úúõ˼һ£ôΪԼĻöɡ
ǳ˵˼ά
ܳɿκһ֮Ϻģ˵ܳһҪ
ĺô٣ܹѦ޵ھһελʱ޵еƣҲĿ⣬ôأ
⼸ǵ߸Եģô߸ѧƵĿⰡ
Ҷ԰ŵģСܣҪżǼȻʼˣͺúѦ޵¼ܳɵܳɵδʼ
ȨԴҶԸҵϣһҪǣЩ׶εĲƷܹѣҸһĲ֪񣿡
ΪߣʵһЩǳĻߵģΪԭڵȴѵѵԴãҸԺҲûôʽ𡣡
÷㲻
õĻҿԼȥҽ
ܳɵ˵ͷӦǲģѦʦ
ٴʱһͶԵͶʣԣûκ˻׶׬Ǯ
Ѧ޵¼˵ڶڿɹѧеﵽٴʩչĳ̶ȡ
ϾֻǴڶ޷ռƹĻ̫ϧˡ
Ѧ޵µĻģȫΪܳɿǵģʵܳһ
ѦʦѧϰûģѧԸѧ˲С
ǸӣһѦ޵¹Ȩһ츳ģܳɱǶ̻ᣬ궿ˡ൱ǩԲܡ
ҿҽԺʵģ𣿡Ѧ޵»δ
ΪĻһЩϣܹܳھԺ档ܳɵĽϸĵĳ̶ȣ
ǿ϶ܳģĹУ˶ϸһЩ飬ܳɶǵóЩ飬ϸϸĥ֪ûܳǿ϶ܵȥġ
ëǴſˮ˽
Ȼʼĵظܳһһ衣
ܳɲûмʱػظѦ޵µ⣬Ϊʵڸոյһ˲䣬ʵ΢еɶ˵ġ
Ѧ޵˵ʣǾ˵ħԺõĹᣬ󰡡
֮ǰ֮ܳŬԼѧΪĲǻøõĹõߵĹˮƽô
ֻǰܳɸħʱѦ޵˵ĻܳɿܻӦ
ڣܳɾԼиҪ
ҡҡͷѦʦǻǲҪôصĻɡëʦ˵ǸģǸʧܵĿأ
ңѧݣܹǩκεĺͬԣ
ѦʦͱΪˡ
ֱܳӰ˳
ȫƵѧǲܹǩͬģҲܹùʵģҪùʣҲкͬĻͻ˵
ңѧȨܾʹκ˶ʿʿ֮ǰǩġκʽġ
ί⡣
Ѧ޵̾һεҡҡͷ
ܳ˼ܹھԺڵԺӣԻһƬˡֻϧ֪ܳɵôġ
ðɣǾôˣҸᰡȨ޵
ȻأҽԺԼίԱģǿǰſȥǻίԱ׼֮ǾͿԿչٴˡ
飬һǲ֤еԼҩİȫԣʽЧԡʽЧԣĻڻϣǿ԰Сппλڹ̶֡
ϸԹпλڹ̶Ͳʽ
ʵһпӣڹ̶ֻڹ̶еѣǹʹǿЭҲãǻҽѧҲãΧڵġ
ԣʵǿڶʵϣ
ȻǰҪܹõеĲʱ棬ڵǰѾ֤ʵ޺ĲϼͿ㡣
ǿȴﵽڹ̶ı׼СѦ޵£ΪѧҽԺĽڣڳ⣬ܳɸһЩ
ǵģܳʽڲϵĸԸı䣬ֻǸıԭѡ
൱ھͨʽĸԺΪʽڣΪ˿ԽԼʱ䣬ȫ˵Ǹʽ
ֻǣĵеѡ
ħԺҸĵô󲻴ֻҪԻ޺ԭǾǺõġ
ܳ㶣Ȼ˵ллѦʦָ㡣
ƤܹСκˣ仰ûģÿ˶ԼóͲóĵطҲԼ֪ä

һܳɾֺѦ޵´һͷЭ顣
ЭĴ£ܳҪڿռҪɫѦ޵¿ԸܳõIVʽĿչȨ޻ᣬǣܲܳȥ˵ħҽѧǿƷֻᴴѧЩˡ
ңܳɲʩչʽףܹܳͨѧ鳤鳤˵Ͽɣܹҽѧﱸǰʽı
ȻѶȣҲһĳǰȨμסԺ
ܳѧҪӵʽĿչȨ޵飬֮٣ҷǿƣҲУļ١
ܳɵòǵϿɵĻô˼Ѧ޵½ھͿԾλˣȻܳҲԺѦ޵¾λ
ڶ£ԴѦ޵½ϵǹͨҲѦ޵½µķλҪħԺרȨΪʽܳΪЧרʵӵߡ
ʲô˼أʽĸͿħԺһˣܳΪߣ͵ĸְЩרȨܳɸ˰ħԺûϵ
ʵļǲרģǣĿŶӣܹµģ
£ܳɱҪˣ൱ħԺҪΪԵһзˡ
Ȼٻ仰˵ǣëǵһзˣڶˣѦ޵»ûá

ϢҳëͶܳɸˡ
Сʦ̨ڶ̨Ӹһ㣬Ȥ𣿡
ܳٴθëʦǼСܰɣСʦоֵֹġ
ëҲ̫ʵ˰ɣһԼҪСппλڹ̶ֿʼСʦˣܳĲϰߣȫĺëں
ûϵģСʦŵΪʦëЦ
ȴǳʵؼƽţѧСппλڹ̶͹۵ַλʯ̶Ϊһڶзˣë
סԺʲôΰƸΪڶпܡ
Ц
ֿԵĶôţƣԺħԺǶҪѧϰͽޣ˵ܳɲؾйĻ
пƸΪڣ˵ǽܳʦˣܳɵʦҲа
Ѧ޵¶û취ƸΪڣ
һֿԵʽǿԵѧƣһôëͿ϶ǵһ
ŶܳɾǵһԺʿȻ󣬲ëƸΪԺʿС
ʱ΢ˡ
Сʦ¥Ҳ̨ԣԿ켴˵ĲҪȥ΢һ°ɡ
УѦ˵ˣԺ˳λѦڣȹŽڸȡ
Ȼ󣬿סԺ񣬻ҼеţСʦúõظ⣬׼IVȨʽȨĿ˼ɡ
Щ£Ͳˡëһ˵ʱ˿졣
˵ʵܳȫû뵽ëΪԺסԺӦһѧԼӦǹ°ӵġ
Ȼ˹ϣ˵衣
ŶӦ˵˵Ǳ
óëˣʵɲǿͺΡ

ܳͷҡҡͷëʦ磬ܲܺúģ
һ㰡
϶ǿԵİСʦ
죬һֱëһֱǵôһ仰
ʡ
ʡ
ʵʱܹóĺôʱѧʱ򣬴Ϊܡ
ѧʲôҪֲΪȥǮơ
ѧϰ飬ģǸеġ


ڶʮ ֪ô
ëʦҪɣֱӽ֣ôܳɻλ˼һа취
ëĻҲ΢ҪƤЩ֮ǰʹǿ췽Ҫ¼ƵƵʱܳҲǱһԵ̬
ܹѧʵڳƺ΢ذԼѹһ㣬ˡ
ë룬ЦȴһֱûͣǵԵģСʦ
ëһֱھ״̬пУеѧɼƵоʱ򣬿ʼɼѧ¡ʿҵְ֮ʱ򣬾Ӱӡ
ȻҪʼͻۣھȵء
ǣԴ£ͱȻ䲻ëȱѧȱ⣬ȱ£ȱŬȻȱľǾˡ
ԶȲĴ˸磬٣ë൱ġ
ʹƣͬסԺĸÿ꣬ÿֻһӱժסԺñӣȻٲһˡ
ܲѵסԺñӣҪʼھˡ
ңסԺ֮мְƣмְ֮Ǹߣ֮ߣҪʼ׼ˡ
ȣȱѧѧëȱǴͬ˵ĵ̣ӱ
԰ܳ似ַλѧ֣ȾΣ϶ռ˺ܴƵġҪƾһȥȾߣǻ
Сппλڹ̶ĻǾ͹ˣ߹ˣһ˿Ƹߡ
Ƹߣʲôĸ
ëܿÿԼѧϰѧڹŴ˵ͽܾǵӣֻǽ˼ʦѡ
ܳһҲúë˵ôˣɣëʦֻҪʲôطԿӲͺˣȻԼȥ
ܹϸذ˵϶Ϥܹõذѿסọ̈̄Ĺеס
֮ǰֻ¼ҽĻ㱨˽̶ǿ϶ġ
ëȻܳɽеԼֵСʦطңǵһȥһǴȥˣ·ˡ
ܳʵ˵ԼʵͦõģǸܵѦ޵½ȥ˽ܵĵطķȫ֮ܳɾͲ˵ֻˡ
һеҽԺҺҶ¥㣬¥ûбռݵĵطʲôطֻܳ˵Ǵûȥġ
ҽԺҲĵطǱԺĿռ˵ģǿûһ˷ֵ

ϰ֮ǰûͣҪûθڡ
Ǽʱܲˣö΢еڡյħڿġǾڵڶ죬һλƵĽ̫֮
нΪϵҲǱʱͣ˴Ĺһࡣ
ĶǱԺһ˶ʿоȰ󣬰ӦóƺΪʦ㡣
֪û緹λʦͷǳظ˰ԼĹȻǸﻹţ̣ðȥ칫ã΢һ档
Ȼ磬ͿԳԷˡ
ŮӶΪϸģû˵ֻһСʱ͵緹ʱ䣬;óԲνˡ
ģֻʦ˼κҲе⶯
ˡ
ŵʱԽеãȻۺ΢еί
֪ԼħǸɶ˵ģ
Ƿǳڴ֮ģΪˣڼԲ󣬾ȥħԺơѧϰģҪΪԼҵ
ǰʱ򣬰֪ˣܳҪڹ֮ȥ
ðеĻţùĹգܹһǳżģȻҪƳټˡ
ţѧϰɡܳɶȥԺʿٰСѵ࣬ȫ
ԼѧϰܳɵĲԽԽԶˡ
ҾϲȻڡ
ǣۿŰӦǵ˻˰
ڵڶͳ˸࣬Ϊ࣬ҪٸıԼҪȥĸҸ࣬ǾͲ˰
ǣ취Լʦ¸ˣȥʦڷǳʵڡתսؽȥ
ΪԺ䲻٣ˣרŵܳڵģƽ顣
ƽڣ¼ҽڣһʱ䣬ܳɶû֡м䣬Ҳȥ˶ҽѧרƣԴڡʦ㣬ҵˡ
ûҵԼҵǸˡ
Ӻ͵صϰȻܳܳɵغġ
׼õľϲʹ
ˣżˣ԰ȥ˴
ϾܳҲϵˣԣܿʹˣܳ˾Ժ֮󣬾ͱԴĶˣڹǵ˶ҽѧĳңҲ֪ܳȥ
ˣûҵ
ɵѽ⣬û뵽ġ
Ȼܳɻħĵڶ죬ҲҲŲԼʦ㣬Լʦĵʦȥĸˣڵֻ㣬Ȼҡ
һóֻú󣬸ܳɱ༭һϢȥ
ħ𣿡뵱Ȼش⼸֡
ֱɾˣܳɺصʱ򣬶ˡ
ǣ淢ʲôܳɾû㱨
ϰ࣬ææ룬Ҳò̫ʣҲܳûٴȥʵҡ
ǰ뵽Ψһһֿܡ
ɾȻ±༭ʵһڿæѽ
˷͡
ְ꣬ͱͣΪǴӳ̶ֹװǴӵʵģϴáꡱ졣
е԰Եúܴڡ
ʮ࣬Ƶİ칫ңҲûˣҲϲ԰ҲԼ̻ʣܲŮӱ˿
ûƨ
Ұ칫Ĵƶ˵ģֻŵͷϵһСơ
žžž
ȻƿصբȺյ׳ת̾ͰѰ칫ĻҰ˺ˡ
ͻȻĹڹʱ䡮͵ԡİһ͵վʶͬʱתͷſڡ
ΪǳԵñȽϴڣǣӣϸСм
һ
ڿſڵ˺󣬰оԻ谵޲Ҹضȥ
յˣżϷҲǵˡ
ֻǣΪʲôҪô⣬Ҳû׼õ£
ܳ˰
СʦˣһûˡëһߺȻش򿪵ƣһ׼ܳɽ͡
һԣƵİ칫ңʱӰҪãʱ򣬶ʱʹˣƽպ
ڣԼû꣬ƺһ
·ɫñӣȻм̫Ů硣
ԿóԼܳɵĵǰŵˣͷ󣬰ŵĵطԼ˿õġ
ֻǣҽԺ﹤˶ǳˣ˭ȥʲô
ëֻԼû˵֮ǰĻСʦߣ˺ź룬Ѿֻˡ
ȻҵȻǰ׼ȥ˰ȻҲĻٸҷϢ
ëͿذܳɰŵſڵĵطֻܳ΢һ£Ȼ͸Ͻظë£õģëʦҵȻԼͺˡȥæɡ
ܳô˵ʱ򣬰ͬһֻܾ˵ƵģϽϵм
ëȻãܳɺͰʶһڴ˿̼װʶԻ΢ؿ˰һۺֿܳ£ʵʵ֮󣬾칫ȥˡ
ëԶܳɾվ
ȻӭϰĿʱʱѾǰѿ´ˣﻹһŲͽֽҲڿܳɣڵ˱飬е˸֪Ǻ߻ǲ֪˵
ܳɾȿ˿ڣ⾪ȣô
ҿʼΪǿˣֻһ㳤˶ѡԾվһ顣
㡣
ܳɵӡУ֣ȻʲãŬҼҾܺãҪǿˣԿϵҪԼʵ
ʵɣϣﵽı׼ߣǰٷְ١
ʵ׼˺ܶش𣬶Ϊ˲סԼı⣬Ѿѵ˺ܶΣڣȴÿһǰϰ΢е㲻ʺڵĳ
ֻٳӣܣʦ֡ѧϰ
Ҳʱ顣
һ˲䣬˼˺ܶࡣ
һܳɵô飬ħһܴ飬ܳȥѧϰˣסܳɡ
᲻˱ü⣿
ڶǣˣոǸվܳԱߵˣܳСʦܳҲӦëʦ
ܳһܹڳƺʦģҲˣʿ˶ʿһ㶼ʦֵƺġ
Ȼ󣬶ԷܳɵĻӦСʦ
ô£
ħԺΣ˰ҽԺ󲿷ֵ˶Ằʦɣ㲻ʦҲܻһơΪܹħԺ쵽εģ̵ҽԺĵط߾ֻ׵ʱ⡣
ܳʦ
ԣֻ¶ܳɲһطܳɾַˡ
ķǴ˶ʿʿôһһֱӴ˶ʿμϲοʼʽķ
˭ס
룬Լˡ
кӵҪǣҪһ츳Ҫ䣬ر㵫ҲҪࡣԱЩԼһԼ㡣
ǣȡ
ԼһĲ̫󣬰ǾûԱġ
ͱڡ
ħܳɣѾǳǿˣڰҽԺΪʦƵΣԣڿߣôʱ䣬ٴζ˵
ǣʱķ̫ˣٴĽڿɲİ
ƺٴƽпң¼
ͷȥȻʣԾûüʦ˵ոλʦǣ
ЩԱΪദʱӦƽȵǼʶͲŻǡãⷽ棬ǱȽǳģԽȱٵģһԾġ
ͨ˶ԣӵеĲƸȨȴŻġ
ûϵأʵΪϲˣֲǾšѧϰΪеԺġ
֮ӦҲԷ֣ѧϰΧȸ棬ͰҽԺȫһ
ܳ°ʶԷ˼ǸСܳͽƽϡ
ǹǿһסԺëëҸʱ硣
ЦʱСʦʱҾͽëʦҵ
ʲôദ֮Ĺϵ;룬Ҫκһ˸߸ϣΪһϺ󣬱ȻоӸº
ոսˣģûȥ
ܳܵȻܵԼı߾ͱˡϾҶǰҽԺģһ̫ߣǺ˵顣
οܳɾûиȥ˾ҽԺѧʽ顣
ֲôСŮˣܳ㼸仰ܰס
ҵͬȼ֮䣬Żôͬȼ֮䣬ôôûͨоסԺ֮ôģ
ԾЦЦ˵ëʦǸر͵ˡ
˼棬Ȼļ䡣ܳɾͼʣʲôʱħ׼أ
أɣʦνѧϰĻᣬʱֻһɡ
Ȼ־ĬĬذϣֻڷŵʱŪװ졣
û緹ָָܳ
΢еˡͺػأȻϽſ֣ܳɶӡ
ȻҲҽ͵͵غܳһСһ¥顣֮Բһ¥Ϊ԰ɺϣҪ̫ɺϡ
ױƳߡ
԰ɣԺǵöʱͣθãԼѧҽģӵʱǵ
ˣӦппյĻһԸܳɾðȻԶ϶еˡ
ңڻϰļ϶رʺɣкܶ໰ҪʵĻ
ʺϵǵȻһԷʱ򣬻ʱ
ԣܳɺܴ󷽶ҿʵذš
ȥ֮ǰ˵ħ֮ǰܳ԰ʱһԱѹȸеģкܶĹǣ԰ļ
ǣ̤ܳħһ̣ܳɾظˣΪʿԺѧɱҵʱܹõһʲ͵˲á׸Ҳһʱ
ܹ֪ܳϤõԼδرԣҲ׾ݡңܳɵְҵע޷󸻴󣬵ġ
κ˱ȣԵõͼ
βˣ˵㣬ǵͼô
϶ǵġ
ԣʱ򼴱ǰĸĸԿܳȻѵԻػڿ͹۵ϣ׾ݣھҵĿ֣޷ġ
ȥħ֮ܳⷽ棬͸Ȼˡ
ıܴͷҲܴܺļܿƶڵˣ˭Բ
أ
ܳԼҪ飬޹أ뷢޹أ빦ûйܹͣܳɵǸԣġ
̬£κ˶ԿܳɣܳɲῴԼΪڹҽ
ҵĹңҵְҵҵͬʱ
ԲҵĽվҵĹ
ˡ
ܳɲϲűһףѳԷʱλøԷһȻ͵ȴһϲŵˡܳɸϲ˽͹ͨпա
Ȼпյ仰һʱˣֻǣʱ̵ʱð΢еţУеİ
һֱΪëܳСʦ飬ڻڻ
ʦ֣֪һطԼڿܴڱȽƵλãҪЩ
ܳ˵пպ󣬾͵λ÷ҰɣҵʱȹȥԤλãʱ㡣
ħߣȥԵ˲ҪǰԤռһȽϺõòʱ䡣
ˣǱ߻һ̨ǳչϤģҵȥˡ̨Ļнں͸ڣҿɲܰڼӡܳæͣԼһ
ԣʱΪЦϽȥɣʦ֡
ԼԱȥˡܳɾߵ˵ǰʼԼĲȥˡ
һ߱ܳɿʱ΢һ˿Ц⡣
ܳɵһ䣬̨Ļнں͸ڣҿɲܰڼӣǰص磬Ҳܳɻع鵽硣
ǵѽܳʦֻоѣнں͸ѹҰڼӣ
ëĿףֻǿ׶ѡ
ܳɿ˲ֺ֮Ͱ˸кҲ͵͵ذˣҲʰˡվʦ֣һҰɡ
ҽҲǸǿƵİ࣬ҵʦơ
ҽֻģŰܹ࣬ԼĴʦʦȥһؽƣܹļˡ
£ڴƣԺ˵л
һȥɡ
Ҹ㷢Ϣ°˵Ļ͵һǾһ򳵹ȥұ°ĻҾȥŶȡŵˡܳٸһ顣
˵ʦ֣ҪһɣߵƣǴ絽һҪӣӰ࣬ǹǿƵ
һͽ˰ɣһȥҲԵѽ
˵֪ٵϵŮԼŮ߸ϣȻؽкӵĳ磬ԼԺҲˣڣϣܹƽദġ
Ƶ趨װǰ˵壬˾ˣ㣬Ļô֮󣬾档
֮ûĻôɰװһ˶
Ƶʱ䣬һǳڹǿƵģ֮󣬿϶Ҫ̨ԣӦ׼ʱӰ࣬Ȼ°ࡣ
ûϵԽʡʱ䡣ȻȵֵǳԷ߰˵ˡ
ңǳԹ֮󣬻ȥȻе䣬·ʱӦûá
ħҹġܳƺܹ͸뷨Ƶģһ˵˺ü䡣
ǣȲ͵ʱһ㣬öôܳȴѾ˸õİš
͵˵ͷ¶ûܳɣ˺ܶࡣڵЩңϵҲʼеˡ
һ˵͸ѧʣšĪ⡢ϣȴһͨ͸
ƽͣƽһ˵ĸ߹󣬺ĥ͸
ܳɱ֮󣬰ͻص˴ʦŴʦʹ̵ʦ㣬ͷβر˹ԹŮ·ʵϰƵġ
ʦ㰲ο˵㲻ôĲֻ˵㣬ûô£ֻǿܽǵҪȽϸߡԡ
ͷʾ⣬ϾħԺҵˮƽܸߣǻݻ߹ϵġ
ʱ䣬ԼӦþܹ뵽Ļˡ
Ȼ󣬰û˵Լ粻ˣ˴Ƶſڣ͵͵˼ۡ
ΪſڣȿӦţԱǲõġ
ǣȴΪ͵͵һƳ˶ˡ
ȦһӾ΢е죬ǻҲ˵ɬζ
ʦ־ǸƭӡૣȻĬĬ˿
ȻΪȷԼʵģԾ˻תͷ濴
ԼŵģһλǽģԼϤǸˣһңĹС
ԼϤǸʦ֣ż̧ͷ˵Щʲô֮Կȷ˵Ϊ°ڶ
Ȼֵͷȥ
ֹһ̧ͷ˵˼ʲôʱλҲ̧ͷϵɨһȦѧģˣɪɪ
һ˻
УǸˣʼնCλԣʵԼ֮ǰǸëʦСʦǶܳɣʵĳƺ
ôһʱ䡣
ʦ绰ȥŸϽܻԼ䣬ǲֻеɫл㱵ġ
̨ǰæҽʦһ˶ʿ꼶Ůӡ
ֵԸʮᣬ֪˶ʿһ꼶һֱչмӡ
Сȥһҩɣһ̨ûģֻҪ汸ҩͿˣȻѹҩҪ׼һЩΪҪѹʱȽϳʦ㽻
æͷ˵õĺõģʦ㡣
Ҫ뿪ʱʦʣСǲ˰л㱵ģעҲܲКGرǾͽ졣
æҡͷʦ㣬ûСûѶûС
ǾܾúȻǲܵģΪܳɷģġȻԼʦ׷ʣæ˳ȥ
ʦȻԼΪĺͳԭûйʷҲǳԹģ֮ǰͬѧǣвעеġ
ңҽѧƱҵͶʮˣʵνġ
֮ܶ󣬿ͬһҽԺоȻԺߣǶо֮ٻһطһġ
ǣҽѧԸĻܹߵһļߡ
ʦйΣıʿͬ

㣬׼ʱ°֮󣬾͸ϽܳңȻȥ˸ң·Ҫȥ
סЦ˵СϣһȥԷ𣿡
ҴȥԻʡˣ밲Ŀߣȫһˮƽ˳ԻǿԵһԧ
գգۣûԥ˵ʦ㣬ѾͱԼˣǺҸԼġ֮ǰû㽲˼
֪ħæŵģǸ磬ֻǣĸ԰δҲ̫ˣԷ
ôһħĽġ
׸磬Ҳ˼롣
ȥɣҪôһͺˡ˵
꣬һЦ˼Ʈѹεɩӵ뷨ҡͷա
ԼǸ磬ԵԼȥҺˣԼֻã׼ۺʦʲôġ
Լĸ֡׼һſܳɷϢ
Ҵ绰㷢ĲԤԱ˵ǰ׼ʱȥͺˣԤ˲ࡣ
ȻˣȻ°ˣҽԺſڣһȥܳɷϢʱ1514
ʱӦܳɲ°ࡣ
һһ
1649
ѾҽԺſˣסˣﳵȥɣɨһ̨綯ֱɡܳɽ
Ϊ¥¥£һͣŵ綯ĵطȼſڣǲ̫࣬ɨӷ㡣
ǾɨһС¿ڼܳɻһ·˲
ȵ¥£¥ûͣλãͣλþԽԽԶ1.0kmϣŰѳͣãȻѹ·ȥ
˲ſڣܳСֻùǺ
ܳɾ˵̫ˣϽȥҾãȻȥɢ뷨˰ɡ
סֱȥɡ
ʵ̫ˣ¶ͻȻ轵Ҳ֪ǲǵˣԣԷҲˣʺڼ￾߿ţɢĲʺϡ
˵ԼСЩ̫Ȼ
ܳ˵СԼͬһҲ㶣΢еɺϣҲֻɺϣһ¥ңԼô氡ı󣬿У
ǣСӣϲԼİ
ܳõġ
ģдװףǵȵʮǸ˰˭
ǻãҲסǸСⷿɶǮһǧù󡣡ܳʡ
׷ӣѾһǮˣʱ䣬ֻô࣬ңǸµĽûܳɴڿ״̬
Ҹġ⣬кü׷ӣҪҷ⡣ǾðƭܳɺüΣԾͲƭˣʵʵ˵ˡ
⻰ܳɲ֪ôء

ǲҪġ
аɣǰʦ㻹ǸСŰҪЩ˸ÿǵ⡣
ţټһôҲ֪ħзƷ˿ζʲôһĵطܳɽ顣
˿һˮů֣һ߳ܳգգֻۣԵ㷹öö
翴ܳȥˣûԣܳɵ飬ûԣڲſ˸θڵθ췴в˼
ʦ֣ȥоôϽת˻⡣
ܳɼڲƸһ飬ڶ̰壬кӴӣûҪҶ̣żһ£ԱԼʵǣûҪһֱᡣ
ܳڵˣŲ˵룬Ƥһֱ̧ͫضŰðɣһѾ
Ϊʱ䣬ͦġ
ҲǱϸϳʦţȻֱʦţֲ㡣
ܽڲħ飬ҵѧȥ˾ѧܳʵ˵ʵ
ɵˣ֫е㽩Ӳŵˮʧˤϣˮ˳Ȼ˳ӵıԵ˰Ŀϡ
̵ˣۣȴɵûӦģŲ֪룬ĸӵ֪ӡ


ڶʮ ÿ˵ʵС
֪ܳӦôôɵĻܳɾԼ˵Щ
Ͻվ
̵𣿡ֱܳӰѰģȻָָȥ΢̽һϵˮաʹС
Ƥ¾¶20ȣ47ȡΧ¶35ʱƤͻ¾¶ȳ45ȣͻһ̵ĸо
¶ȴﵽ47ȣͻ˵ʹС¶ȸ50ȣͻˣγˮݡ
60ȣӴƤһӣˡ
ˮǴӺģˮ£90㣬˱Ϻ󣬻΢һЩܹ֣űڣˮ¶Ҳʮˡ
ʮȵˮ¾һ̯ȸӵģӦˮֻʮҡ
Ͻȥϴܳɿڷɹ˲ðô룬¿ʼַʽش
ʱ˻ˡ
ҽˣͨвͬԾ߱
áѾǳԵЩ΢ʹˡ
ʵϣʵҲãΪֻǴһţУʵΪһûаŵĴ׿㣬ʹر̼
Ѱ͵ϴּſںܳ밲ܻϴȽϾõʱ䣬϶Ҫϴӵģ룬ܳɿɲգǾڵϰ塣
͹ݵϰ˵˺󣬻һȻϽȥϴּæ
һʣλ˧磬ҪҪ120ĵ绰ȥҽԺһ°
Ҫǵ˿ɲС¡
ħ꣬Ϊϰúܣڵ汻̵ˣǲǿԼԭ򣬵ﶼḺΣҪ׷
ǰá
ܳɾ˵ɣ˵ԼҽΪŮӣҲ㿴Լͺá
˵ķֶȣСҽʦʸ֤ʱҽѧҪܳɲİֶȶֲң˵Ǻܴ󣬳ϴӦⲻ
ܳɻǶһҪ󣺡ϰѵȻҪһ·ܲܵȻ绰ңʲôıȽϺʰ
̫䡣
ãȻ͸绰ȥˡϰܳЦЦ˵Ůѻͦϸĵġ
̳
ħķأǳһطǣҪӣ¥ҵһطرޣֻ;Ļ治ѡ
ҲرԶھ¥Ķ棬Ůװĵطܳɾſڵš
Ȼϰȥһܳɴ绰˵ֻҪXXSľͿԡ
ܳԾ˽ȥȻһţпıۣ㶣ÿһҪİٵӣеС΢ҧѡMġ˵档
ʵûһ׵ģҪܳɻǲѡҲе㲻̫˼
õԱͽȥȻ߳ʱܳľֻ˵΢е죬ûˮݵĵزܳ΢һ
ˮݶȣСˮȣûˮݾһȣĶȡ
Ҳ
ϴʮϣҲ㼰ʱȫ˴ԭˡ
ڸоôϰ˵˸࣬Ҿûȥˡܳɿ߳ʱ򣬸Ͻʵ
ҪҪȥԣ
֪֮ܳĶǻ۵ġ˸ʹףﲻȥµá
֮õĴ취ǽ´ֱͿĨ˸࣬ΪŰǰǿͿĨģΪѾʮϵˮϴˡ
ҡҡͷ˵ûˣʦ֣ĳʼ¶ȾͲߡˮݶûûϵġ
һۡҲΪ´˳Է¡
ܳɸڷ£ΪԼģԴСֵ֣ˮܵ
ܳǾͻ˼΢嵭Ĳˣջǰǿ£űˣ˵һûУԲȥ
ܳҲͲ˵ʲôˣ˵ԭĻػһ̶ϵļ֢ӵġ
˵֮󣬷Աϰֹһ°費Ҫ飬Ȼذﰲʰ˿ӣȻһˮĴܷ
˹Ǹ⡣
֮󣬰ʵʦ֣ո˵ڵѧھѧҽԺİɣ
ȶ̬֮󣬰еȻˣܳɽЩ඼Ǵڵġ
ǰܳɿܾѾˣȱٵԼȱٵľ㣬ν
ţ˵ӵġܳɾ˵
ǰܳԼǣԵؿˣڰ˵ܳȥŹϵʱȭͷġ
ںܳ˵ƽڴϸܳɵǸʱ
Ϊܳƽȭͷǻãںôǻʲôá
ܳɾ˵Ҳô룬ԺʿǺͨ͸ġңʼӦҵֻƽڡ
ڸŵĹϣҲͦõİԭ򡣡
ҵ飬ôˣأܵ˵˵ôħ˰ɣ
ܳԼʰ
ͺȻ˵˺ܶԼ׼õĻش𣬺ֿΪ֮ǰ߮絽˰ҽԺԵʣҾðҽԺѧϰΧʮޡҺȥطѧϰ뷨
ҲӦ֪ҸˣҪڼ꣬ҾźԲ󣬾ͳѧϰģ˼ȥҪȥȥõĵطҪôȥҪôħ
ѡħΪҸ﷢չҲðģסӻҪǮҰǶħ
һ仰˼ǣָԭΨûܳʦԭ
ܳڵӽǺ˼άûǰô֪ԽӱʲôԽ׷ʲôԽȱʲô
ģʵܳɿ̫εԼߵһĶӡ
ȻܹǿиԤ飬һ֮䡣
ܳû˼Ԥʱʮа˾Ŷǡ
ǣƲ˵ơ
ţͦõģԺߵʦ϶Ҳͦġ
Ǹʵ߮Ҳˣ˵Ǽ磬ҪҪʲôʱҸһۣܳһ顣
ħҾˣԶҸһ¡
ңܳľðͦɰҲͦɵġ
ոԼЩȻܰŵ
ü壬״۾һУ΢֮ɫȴ˵ѽǶʡ硣
ħ߮ᣬҲ磬Ҳھܾʹ󷽷ܳš
ǣעŰܳɾ͵˰ɣҲħ˶áæһʱҲæһҪûпա
ܳȻҪ֮ǰϸĺȫ̶עŰ仯
˵꣬ü󣬲ʵԺдȥЩ𣿡
Ȼڲ˶ʿоһ꼶ҲԺúÿһµġ
ܳһ˵ţһڴģǸ⼼ܡ
⼼ܣԹͨ
ԣԵӡһλ֪֮˵ʣҲԵĽԼӡһλʮ׽֮ˡ
ԣĿˮɣΨһġʦѡǳϣܹһμ̵ܸ츳˺Ըлᣬܹһθߵ
ע⣺ʮ׽綨
⼼ܣܳѾʹӡʵĲ֣ʣµģǵԼӡһʮ׽֮˵Ĳûá
ܳע⵽ˣܵʹö󣬲ࡣ
ܳɴ˼һȦĿǰԣʺܵľˡ
ȨϾ
ǣȨѾȥˣԣȨرõҽѧѧϰʣûرҪġ
ϾĻܳڿ֮УΪܳһֱ˼һ¡
Ǿǣ˵Լһ룬˵бȶϾԼ׽ˣҲҪҽѧҵĻԼǸӦð˭һأ
˼ȥܳɶû߹Ϊ˽һء
ԣܳɻûر˵ֱӰԼǰӡϾ
ܳȷӡʵĶ˹ա
˹ӡ֮Լԭܳɵ21.12ܳɱ1൱ǵӳԭܳɵ20.12
˷Ļ˹յҽѧʣ֮ǰܳɵ50.3߮綼Ҫߡ
ôĻϣܳ൱ʵ֮ǰܳɵ21.12Ŀǰʣǿȫٷ֮ӡһ˵ġ
ͷǳɹ˰
߮ţʮֺģֻİٷ֮ʮҲܹһ˷չñȽϺá
ʣԭܳɵʣҪһЩԣʵԭܳɺԭİһ̫ʺѧҽ
ܳҽѧĵ·Ϊ
߽ȫΪԼϲ
ڣܳ˵ڶѡңѡҲԹͨܿӦõķΧ֮ڡ

ܳɲɵûкӹΪģУΪܶεĹߡŮѡǣЩǼٵġ
ٵҲһЩʾġ
ΪҪǣദĹУܳɾͷ֣ڵİѾһЩøˡ
֮ǰɳеʱ򣬾ܹĺ࣬ڣܵħ
ոգԼȥ˾ôţǸ϶ܿóص˼
ֻأܳҲ֪֮ʻ˵רҵɾ̫ͣĻʹ˲Ա
ͺñԼ밲ȼҾĻܳڶԱһ
ǣܳɵģܹܳɲһţԣܳԥҪҪһᡣ
ҪôʲôĻԵ¸
ϾС
1Լ0.75ܳɣ
ͷ촽Ȼסˮ
Ȼȱ̵ˣȻǶ죬Ȼ䡣䣬ˮҲ䣬Ÿ䡣ԼĽŵװ壬ͬ˱ϣΨһһĿܾˡ
ͨͨţܽš
ԼĬĬţӦ110ңַǲ̬ʼ٣ʧ
ģҲúøԶЦЦص
֮ԻȥɳҽѧԺƣΪ԰֮ȥҽԺ˶ʿҲΪ԰֤Ұ飬ĹϵģȫԼŬԼ
˸߰һˣڻǿżĹϵħھҽԺһ
ɶ˼أʡҽҩѧֱоǣܵĽħھҽԺĽңǾѧҽԺĽ
ӵĽѧԴͿԷ£ѧרҵ֪ʶõɳаҽԺͨоȫӴͻᡣ
ңãԼֵߣܻᱻһһεرơ
еƣܳΪʲôҪڰҽԺΪʲôܳɲ߮߸ϵģһֱӸºˡͲ˰
ҪǣΪʾ͵һУĲʺõˣͲᵽ
ȻܳɾͻĳǰΪǵۡ
ʣС
ӵеԴʵܳĽġ
ʣûôã٣ôġ
Ŭ׷ţԸôˣνĺøԶʵеָԼ˼
ܳһߣпȥϴѧҽԺʱ򣬰еǿģȥúתϾϰҾɳС
ܳħԺʱ򣬰΢еţǣԼĸ绹ħģԼļǿ԰æġ
ǣܳһħһӾðⲻס
ȥһطҪߺܴĹϵģɲܳôڣһ仰飬Ȼܶ˶ǳӭ԰Ǻܽŵġ
ȻֽʵҲǱԱ
ʦ֣֪ģʵ츳ãʱûʦҪɲһҾʦҪˣܲɲʿѧҵҲһּս顣Ծ˵
ڣÿ˶˶ʿ˲ʿܹҵġ
ܳɾ͵ΪҲʱġ
ܳһ£ǲżáҪԭһǣܳĿǰʣҲǺܺãܹﵽĳɾͣȫģ
ģʲãҲܶ࣬ﵽڵĳɾ֮ͣǰļܣһ£ģġ
ңܳҲδؾͲʣȵԼƲʱٸã󻯡
ֻǣֺܳ£᲻Ǹʹ߾ú¡
ϧֻһΣҲܸһƷ
ż
ڿоôܳʡ
Լڿҵۿ죬ǷЦ⣺ͦõģѧĶرࡣ
ҡ
ǸоԼڱڵĦֿԡ

ΪͬһСԣܳǺͰһ򳵻صСġ
ңܳɻŰһ·߽Сţһ·סķڵĵԪ
ǣ˻СһʱܳɾͿ󺺳ˣеڵӡ
ƺǶ밲ġ
ǣɫһ䣬Ҫ˵ʱ
һ˾͵һܳɣȻܳɵ͵ιֵܣǻط˵
˿еԷɡܳһҪĳСӡ
ȻһϽ
ȻЩѪںܹѪԲУųʵС˵߹ѪӸ
ܳɿʼԼũǹǿƵģСĹУȻ΢е㱻
౻׺ܳɲȨʼŤûңǺӵľɫУ˳
ܳһˣһ߿λֵܣл˵СڣĴмء
в
Ҫǲϴˣ
ҪǮҪǮĻܳһ߰ܿ죬ͱϡ
ŷӦ磬ĸ磡Ҫﰡ
ҽ磬ĸ磬ܳе£֮ǰͽסڸм׷
ܳɵģǸͷҲǰĴ磬ݡ
ͷ˿̵΢Ҳеð𣬻ͷ𽲻ֻúġ
Ȼ첽ܳɣһҪܵĳ嶯
ĸ磬Ҫﰡĸ硣
˿Ҳ°ͣе߷߲ƽ˼ܳɵĿ˾档
ĸ磬ҪȰһ´簡ǵҪܳɰᣬȻ֪ܳɺͰ˭˭
û˵ݾ˵ȥİɣ߲̫㡣
ܳɿ˿ЩżȴεɫҲ֪ݽ鷳Ҷˡ
Ͷ԰˵ǰĸǰɣȴȥϢճԷʱ򣬲С̵ˡᣬԵȻ˽»ߡ
ܳɻû꣬ݵ۾һɣ۰׷ѹܳɣſӲΪѪ·ƣ
ͷͷ
Բۣ
ܳɾ˵ʲôطˣԭ
ܳҲͷдΡ
ᣬҺͰʦþֻȥԸܳҲû˵ˣ˫ƽ
ˣԼĸᣬһºˡ
ոջˣԼĸĸүү̣ԼǾԵظɣԼ٣Ҳ֪ܳɵĴڣԼ罻
ôոգ
ݺͰԿͻȻƵģǿԼŵǿӿڴȻӻˣ·ƻе˽ǰɡ
Ȼˣе㲻֪룬ӣĿȫŭؿ˰Ͱݡ
磬ĸ磬Ҹǰɡ
ܲܲҪ˼ô
ϽָܳɵǸ˵˼ᣬһᡣ
Сߣ͹͹ðɡ
ݺͰҲǸˣʶԼĴϾһ񣬻뿪ˡ
ʱ䵹ת֮ǰ
ݺͰԼͣ棬˲ٰõŵĶ
ʣ磬˵ҪҪС̨򳵣Ҳͦ鷳
ţҾÿУСҪһ꣬ҽԺһξ롣˴и鷳ҽԺҲҪһλ
ˣ֮ǰʵǶԵİɣС߳ԷȥˣҪȷһ¡
϶ȥԷˣ˵֮ǰƵ￴ǸСӣҲСľš
ȻϣݺͰͿˣСſڣˡ
һþǰ
ֻǣһ˻Ÿӣӷ䣬ǿһɫĴ׿㡣
Ȼ󣬰³֮ƺ·ƣеһһյģΪӸպù֮ǰ˿ϣеۣʹü˲ҲرܷӦ
ʱݺͰӾ崻˰·⣬Ӷţǵٶ˵Ļ氡

ݻŰ
㲻Ǳ֤С·϶⣬ǿ϶İܵͣףҲףһ޶ȥ첲piaһָӡ
Ҳίǿ϶Ⱑ˭֪Ⱑ
֮ǰҲͬҵ˵ô
㲻ɶûУ͡
ӣ/ġöðˣ˵ܳڲ͹ͰѰ˵ʱ򣬰ֱӰܳɸġ
룬ˣۡ
룬ˣһٰɡ
ôˣǣֻ˺ô˱
ҲԣôˣҲûϵ
գôҪѡô˹ĵĵط
ɲ
ͰݣǼʶ⻹ĵģ˵ǷˣɡKTV¥ݼ䡢̳桭
ˡ
ȻܳɺͰ˾ΪΣҪǰܳɵǸģϾ˵ĸ硣
ܳȿ˵ˣλ磬еȣڼ϶ܺ档
ܳɻǾã֮Ůڣʡ
˵ġ
˵ʵǹңǰݺͰѣܳû뵽һȥûҲ벻ݺͰȻǾڳԷĵطô˼ά
ǹһϣԩңҲˡ
ԸҲTM̫Щ
˿̵ȻͿ죬ǿŲ˵ǣһ򶼣еġ
Ϊ˱֤ԼֻܰԼĴĸˡ
Сֻ˵ܳɸʶˣıкܶڱ
ͬģıֱҲûôɿܡӭĻӭһȭ˽ͺ̵Ǹ˿ɺʡ
ԣܳ塣
Ҳǽġ
˵ܳᣬܳɸӼܳû׽ã
ýͱǣûô̵Ĺʶˡ
ǻȥɡôһֻܳЩЦ
ȻּͰһ߻ؼң˰Һܳɾ΢е㾪
ķûַۺɫͿɰϵǷǳ򵥴Ϊĸĳ貢ܶ࣬ÿһֶܾ£ʵľҾߣеΡ
Ȼǿʽ鷿ϵĲһкܶԣǶ죬Ȼ裬ҶдС
ûνˮζûʵˮζһֳζ
⣬ҪЬ𣿡ܳʡ
͸Ͻ͵ԲûüЬ˫ЬҸǰҴɨʱµġ
ˣûмóñ˿Լ̫ļܳˣ´˵Уǲˮɡ
ȻܳɰװӵĴӸ̷Žϴּϴ»档
ܳ˵ʦ֣Ҫϻǿȣ߲裬ԡ
һμ棬˾ںȿȣԣܳɺȿȵģҲ֪ܳɺȲ裬Ͷ׼ȻҲ͡
ֻҪر޵ģô׼ˣͲдˡ
ҾͺȰ׿ˮɣøˡ
΢һͻȥ
ǵõȻСĴһ̵ĵطҾͲˡ⼸ʲôԺңҾСͼӵ·̡ܳɾ˵
ͷ˵õŶʦ֣İɣԼܹùġ
ˣʦ֣֮ǰǳԷʱ˵Ǹ飬ûʲôȽΪѵĵطҺ˵ҪҪһЩǰɣ
Ҳϣ̫ܳ⡣
Ȼ󣬰ҲǿԼ磬Ҳܰæ
ܳɾ˵Ҳһֻήǵʽѹʽ𸺵ٴǱȽѵģҪʽ̫һĿ뵽ҲûãӽѶȡ
Щǲ̫ڵĿ⣬ǴʦõģǣʵõˣͰ¼ˡ
˵ʦ֣ҵʱһ°Һһ壬ħĿȽϺʵĻǿ϶ҪȽϺõġ
ֵ֧Ŀչ˳Щ˳
˵ȻʡȻչ˿ŶȶһЩУʽĿ⣬˿ҲһЩɫ
ܳɫõģˡ
ȻŸտʼ㣬ǴȨõķǣ̫ף̺ܸӡҪϵܹȽ׵Ĵͨ
ʱ򣬰æĻÿʡʱ䣬Ҳǲѡ
ֻǣأһֱܳɵĿǷΧڡ
ɶһ԰
ҾʣҲһܳɡʦ֣㵽ʱɱʧ˲źá£ܻеۣ΢üһ£˫ֹԹԵطϥϡ
е
ûˣϢɡҲס⸽ʱcallңҲ΢졣
ʵڲ˼һԷȥģԳ¹ʡܳɱߵǸҪǡ
ڵʱǰ˵һ㣬ټȥڵŮļá
ңܳɻԼʱ䰲ź͹滮Ҫ
½ٴңôİĲˣôȥһսңܳɻҪúõһ£׸ЩȥΪ֤ԼʽĿء
ҪƸʽɲǼܹ֤˵ģֳ֤Ҫ¼¼ƲٵʵݸרҵίԱᣬίԱܳǷֵǽһֳ
õģʦ֣ҾͲ¥˰̫㡣ɫ΢졣
ʵ֮иĻǺ۵ģ׶ΣʵʵԵñ󡣿Լʹ
ܳɵ棬ȻͲôˣңҪ׻᲻̺ۣȻֻСڲ࣬ǣ˰̺ۣŮﶼġ
ܳȻҪͣҲ֪϶кܶҪǰóԷʮбҪöûҪԷ
صԼļҺܳɼһЩ֮󣬾ͳԼˡ
Ҫģ˼·һҪԼҪ飬һϸĹ滮
֮ܳ󲻾ãݺͰ˾˰סĵطȻˣһϰ̣֮󣬾͵СߣСߡ
Ǹ˸̣֮ǰ飬Ĳ˼ʱ䣬·Щðɣû¶ɣ
ҪҪȥҽԺ
˳һṆ̀˵˼̣Լչ˺Լ
ȻԼĴ磺磬ĸ磬ܱܲҵСˣһ㣬ͿԼܺԼˡ
Ǹǿðɡ
Ȼ֪ǰݺͰĺ⣬ؽԸǵ簮ͻȻ
СߣСߣĶԲǽͰ
˵ûʲôý͵ģҷʲô֪֪ûҡǸලĻʹ绰үүˡ
ߡеСĺðɡ
Ȼƽ뼸ദúܺãǵ˭ֻҪүүһ绰˵ԷǾԾûҲҪͰֻǰû顣
һЩͷǰ˺϶ӣڶĿˡ
ѽǿ߰ɣ߻Ҫһ˵˿ڣڣҪôϣ
߿ߡ֣е
УעչԼǾȻȥˡ
ݺͰ뿪ķŻָ˰
ʵҲеΪѰˣһֱʵǸȽϰŮӣҲϲ
ΪܳɵĻĲԸȥ׼һЩνľϲ˵ǺܶܶЩ
ϲʵܰҲϰԱ
Ȼվ˴̨ϣһñţһ߿Ŵ⣬Լİܷħ΢еί
Ǽĳ谮ˣǰҽԺΨһӣƴС㣬ΨһӲùˣ
Ҫħ
˱еͷģÿ˶ᱻȽԼöĻ͸ǿҪŬ׷֮УͻԵúۡ
ţܾͲôˡ
ǰһֱǸĹ
ϱ⣬֮ܿ󣬰ļƤˣӦ˹ʵһ¶ȵˡ
ʦĮ䣬Ȼ¶ȵġ
İǰһĲֵ
Լ磬ȻԼܳɶҲǿ϶һЩһģᵽˣεܳʦ֣ϴμʱ򣬶˺ܶϸĺš
ͺñһҲΪڵĴʦ㣬ȥԼ绰
ǣΪܳɵ飬ãԼֵô绰ģǣʹѽ


ڶʮ ģ¿Ƽ
ܳɻصԼķ󣬺ͰһȻ˵Լȥһ顣
Ȼػظ˺á
ܳڿ飬ҲڵĿ飬Ȼڼ׼ģǰ׼
ֻǣε׼֮ǰ׼вͬ
ΪǰܳģÿһּܵʱҪǣĳһļܣģ⵽ĲΡ
ͱ˵ŹؽûؽھŹؽڱ綨綨壩
ʵŹؽûؽھŹؽڱҲԵضӦԼģȼŹؽûҪŹؽûĲϣȻ
ʵĲȴս̿
ͱ˵ܳļˡ
1෢ǽ崴󲢷ϸȾ˿ڲϣȱĿǰ˫֫෢Ѫ˨
2ŧԹף;ȾѪѹ΢򲡣ǰѪǲ
3ۿŸλڹ̶Ⱦ۲ϲ
򵥶ԣ崴ǵ崴ǷԽ⼸˵Щˣ׸ѡʵʽܹõЧ
Ƿǳֵ˼⡣
Ҫףûİ취
4෢պԹۣЪԵķҴͣĿǰ֪ܲ
5ܳɽһ̨ģ1ƣǽ˸Ⱦ
6ã׼Ժ
7ΪƵ⣬Ŀǰˣ׼תȥĿơ
8ǽĵڶ̨ӸԵĸȾ
9ν֫ȾĿǰδ
10Ⱦ
11ǰЩˣտһ˶½½ԺˣҽԺĿǰԴ״̬ٵڿơƻЭΡ
˼ܳ֡
һ1212ǰ11λҪһ㡭
ĿǰϲȷǴŹۣˣ¼ҽԺ⣬Ƭûй
ܳôűʼǵʱ򣬺Ȼһϸµ⣬ҲǺʵ⡣
ħԺĹǿǲͬɳаҽԺһӴģңÿĴλҲһ
ǿܹʮŴλĸ飬Ѧ޵½ڣܹʮŴλ
Ѧ޵½ԱãȴУѦ޵½ڡڡҽʦëסԺҽʦ
ĿǰеҽԺҽԺڵпңԸӯģʮŴλǴԼȾˣĲˣԺƽסԺٵҲһܣľжʮ졣
൱ڣÿһ£תҲӡ
ߵ㣬ÿÿʮ˴Σÿ˶崴ϵĻôסԺñȽ϶Ҳ12wҡ
ٴҵʣȥҪҩƷӦ̡ҩҽԺԼҡҵȶȥ
עͣͲд˹λҪãʵʵġһҵӪʵҽԺĳأҲˡΪʲôҪΪСС֪
Ȥȥ˽⡣
Ҳǽϵܹǰٷ֮ʮǶˡ컨ġ
㣬Ҳ˵һ£һ棬ܹĽ𣬶1314wӣҪָĻʿһ֡
ȻһڣһڣһΣһסԺ
ĸʿ
ħ
ݶⲻǳôҽҾõĻ
򷿣ƨԡ
룬治һȵʡѧҽԺҽΪʲ˱Ƚ϶࣬򵥣һܹʹøߺĲġ
ȻЩ⣬ΪܳɱȽԶܳɺֻܿضһʡ
ȻҲܣʵûԼôңϾܶҵһʿѧġ
רҵ顣
ܳɷһѧĽ̿רҵ鼮еϣڸȾƶô師
崴пصʹá̿صʹá
Ȼ󣬻Ͼûˡ
Ϊû˿ԶʵУĸȾн̿ʽָÿĸȾܸȾĲһȻÿطҩƵʵͻҲвͬƵʵҲвࡣ
ǸȾһƵĿֲ֮
Ȳۣͽ58еһȷ
öۣΪļϣûһ׼𰸡
켴23ܹеҲ崴пͭãϴ
ȻйγֲǣһĿģΪ˿ƸȾ
Ȼܳɿ˿Լļбͷ֣ʵܹӦϵģõľֻ崴϶ԣ崴ֻƵһ֡
Ҫ黹ǹؼصѡԼԸȾƾһᡣ
ʵеļᶼȫս̿ġ
ֿܳ˿Լļбھͨҵˡ
ͨܣؽƾ飬ϥؽƾ顢ƾ顢Ⱦƾ顣
ܳϡǵãЩͨļܣƵѧǵʱܳģˣŵõġ
ʱܳɻãġɵ˺ܳȼļӣǾãʵˡ
ؿԼȣȻܲˣʵǲ˵ġ
ÿ˶Լһɳһܴ0
˻Ǵšͨôġ
ңѧϰĹа϶ҲԼȥģֻѧһֻѡһۺϵ
˵Ⱦߵƣһۺϵģ飬һȽϴİ飬ǲڸӵĹؽڷôһѧơ
ȾҽΪɵģҲҽܺجΡ
ܳڵʵ϶ܹȥĻߵģֻҪٴУһһȥԵơ
Ӧ䣬ܳɾ;ãԼбҪֻҩ棬Ⱦһ飬ٽģһ£þܹģһܰˡ
趨˳ʼĿ֮ܳѡ˼صȼܣȻʼģ⡣
εģĿ꣬ѶȲС
ģ⿪ʼ
ӵмΪʵۻٴܣ㿪ʼԸȾ߸Ȥ㿪ʼѧϰȻٴڸȾ˼ࡣ
һ֮ٴɹ⣬ڿС뵽򣡡
𽥵ԭ飬ع鵽ٴΪĿӰشܿ챻Ƹ˶ʿоѧλѧڹȵĽŵֻҪܹ㹻ѧۡ
Կ㲩ʿѧ벩ʿѧλ֮ԲƸͬʱ裬ΪôһܵḶ́⾪ס
һֿչһµٴ⣬㱻ǰ販ʿѧλ벩ʿѧ㱻ǰмרҵְƣ㱻ǰ踱߼оְơ
֮ڹȿ˹ǿٴҵƪ£΢ʽͬ꣬˵һררǿҽضİٱ鼮֮һ
ʮ֮΢ѧչڴڼ䣬˶ԸȾߵоͳƣ˲ȾߵоͳƣãȾƾ飨
ѾﵽģԤĿꡣ
ģ
üܣȾƾ飨ܣȾƾ飨ⲡ΢ȡ
ģۣƽǰս
ܳɿ꣬Ѿϰˡ
ʣ֮ǰ̫࣬ܹﵽ߮һ룬ǶںϾʮʣҪѼӲܹĻôȾͻĿǰЩϼʦܹġ
֮ܵܳ㶣Ȼ󣬾Ȼ֣ʵȻȾĲһﻹиԵķֻҪǴõ
һĹɿѭģңͨܳƺش˸ȾһΣҲȾĽչƣַͨһļɣٸȾķ͸ʡ
뵽ˣܳɾȻȻֳȥģˡ
һεģ⣬һܳɾͰ֮ǰģⷽһ¡
ģ⿪ʼ
㿪ʼԸȾȤΪȾߡԼƣȻδյءͬ˵Ĵҵ֮ٴתС顣
ѾٴǰڻоСΪǿȻʧȥΪĹǣԿػʱ䣬ɹ⡣
ڿС뵽򣡡
ع鵽ٴ㣬ΪȼļܣѾõרҵͲʿѧλڳеסԺĽɫ
ΪĿӰش㱻ƸΪڡΪڵλʷĸڡ
ڵĿ飬ʼгӪĳλСгӪʧȥȤʼУһٴʦѵࡣ
ңȻֲидԼС˵Ŀڣо̫ڿշۻ
δȰ㣬ֻ˵㣬ȻнʱʮԵΪΪΪ㼴˷һӵʱ䣬ĿǰѾļͼܣѾʳǡ
ܲѹΪľûرٸָѡʱ򣬸Ӵݲȡ
ˡ
֮Ϊڣڹȿ˹ǿٴҵƪ£΢ʽڹȵҽѧᣬ΢ѧܾˣֻǳΪһͨıߡ
ʮ֮ٴĵظ˷룬飬ϣְһо뷨֧ľǳרΪһʵҡ
ʽ֮ǰٴרռɷֺ졣
ְ֪֮offerͷ˾㶼һһܾһ˻о֮УĽѧ֪ʶʼ𡣡
ʮ꣬һֻ󣬽һǧͷͷţͬʱ㿪չһ̨ѧĹΣﾡá
δĵطʼĽо
ʮ꣬ΪЩȺķһǳľϣ°ԼɶԼĽʡ
뷨̫ھףû˸ҸһΰĲ롯˶ΪʦΪڣֻ𾴣Էǳķ񲡣
뷨ع֮㱻ƸΪ˹ǿԺʿΪ˽д뷨Ϊò
ӳȫ㡣
ҽʣ֮ǰţڼ֮䣬Իһǻ϶ǻ϶໥֯ǸȾͲҪԵɡ
˻ѧۣ޷壩
ģ
üܣѧۣ޷壩
ģۣезӣԼ׼ˣ˼άѡ
Gðɡ
ܳɾãҪͻһѧƵĻۣôһѶȵģԼڵʣоһӣŰһѧ۸
ֻ߮ˣоһӣſƿһѧƵĻ۰ɡ
Ҳһеʱ䣬˻ѧۣһ¸ɶ
ģ̵󡪡
ӳȫ㡣
仰˼ԼŻֱһ㣬Ҳ˵Լ߻һҽΪԼӣ
仰ܳɾԼȽϿ£ΪȻûرĸоرߡ嶯Ͳ˼
͸һ㣬Ϸ˵Ƶġ
ǲǻԼĸʷʱһʲôܳɿʼġ
ʵŻͰദĹʱܳɻǾãͦ˼ġԼռ˴󲿷ֵԼ󲻵⡣
΢룬ܳɾͿ˵εģ⡣
εģᣬܳǴ˷ѺͷġܳԤģⷽ򣬾ǰԣԼڿ֮£׻ᷢʲô¡
ǵڶξ͸ģһġ
ɣΪһģ⣬ܳɶģһΡ
ڣĵص˰Сʱ
ܳɾͿʼԼģ⡣
ģĿ꣬ҵһŮѡ
ʼЯܣޡ
ģ⿪ʼ
㲻֪ϲϲŮˣӦˡ
һǽˡ
ģ
ģۣһȫ⡣ģⷽģ⸱Ԥͻ
ޡ
ܳɿ²ˣûнã
󣺵ǰ̻ܵȼ1ܲͨ
ܽͣڴ˴ģУȻȻУgetʦͨļܡ츳ܿͰѴ˼ܵ㵽˾ͨΡ
˼Ϊܲ޷ܾŹǹпλڹ̶ܵȼ1ĿǰȼŹǹпλڹ̶ͨ
ߣӵȼ100Źǹпλڹ̶ܣĬΪȼָܵȼͨ
ܳϸؿһº棬ģϵͳԼһɧ
òƺòƲ̫
һǣܳеĹпλڹ̶ǴﵽȼеĽѧ֪ʶҲﵽȼͰŹǹпλڹ̶ͨ
ɹ˵Ļô죿
ߣǺܺġ
ֻǣĵطǣûɹһʲô˼
ͨ޷ܾҪȥһ򹷣
뷨ܳɾ뵽˺ܶʻ=̥=ʹ=ʧ=Ǳھ=ŵ㡣
ȻǣֻǼܣǱܣܳɻܹȨ
ȻĻܳɾãԼڲţⲻҪƤԼ⼼ŻڵĵλҰȥŮӣǾеˡ
˵ɱ̰Ƶģ̰ͼģ̰Żģѡ
Ůѣʵһ̰ͼκһ㶼ͼ˵Ůˣûˣܻ̰ͼһֶ
ʵ˿ŮҲһġ
òɰġȡyanˡͻݡȵȡ
һŮģκһ㶼ûеĻô˼Ͳаеľֻ߾ǵؽһһһŮɵĴڽӴѡ
˵͸˱ʣ
ܳɲذ˰ͷʼѹסԼ˼ά뷨УܰõûرĺôֱӰѸ˵͸˵ˣûˡ

ܳôŵʱ򣬲ҲģУȻֻûϢͿ˰Ϣ
ʦ֣Ҵĸ˵Ĳ̫˼ϣܹһᣬǱһͣԸǸ⡣
ΪҸ״ˣ˵Ե޹ʵش㣬Ȼ˵ûĻƺ֮󣬾ħ
˵磬ǰ䣬֮ǰܳɾελ硣
һǾڶǾΣǲ
ϾһΣǷˡ
ϢǰСʱ֮ǰǣʱ䣬ܳɻģļƻ
ֻܳ΢˼һ£ֵ֣ıб֮ǰͺ˺ࣺܶҪҰ͵Ļᣬתøɡ
Ҿ͵һ䷹ľͺˣʦ϶Ӻݵ֣һǡô
Ѿ˯˯㣬Ȼ˯˱ˮԼ֢ʹУΪûˮݣԿôˮݵĻǾͲڹȱˡ
Ȼһ߰ѽŵװ˿¯ɪɪš
ܳɵϢüһе죬ܳɵӦвУһþܾҾ͸ҵλ˵ʦӦˣ
ȻλõĻԼúõ룬϶ҪʾУ
һָУҶ˵Ůǰǲŵģڣ;Լһֵ֣
ԵġܳػһǷ˼ͼƬ˰
ȻܳɲĹǳ˾ӼҴ׵ĹؼֽͼһѴʽܰúɫıǩ˳ûĽ
ǣĻ˵ˣ̵ĳ̶ȣӦǲصģûҪ⴦ϴ衣ϸڣԼϸһ°ɣһ»á
ԼѧҽģˣܳɻԼºڣΪܶģԾͰ붮ذԼרҵĴˡûвףܳɲˡ
Щոջõļ޹ء
֪϶Լû顣仰ܳʶش˳ǣֱܳԼɾˡ
ҪԼڵ˼ά֪ͲôԷˡ
Ҫ˳ȥµȻƵʶ٣ǷΧֵķչܳɲôʵشԼĸ顣
ллʦֹģѾڱˣпǰʮĸСʱʮСʱڣñ󣬶Чġ
һһֵĴţһһֵضܳɷϢ
ð֮ǰɢζʱ飬ڵԼ࣬һ㶼ᣬһ㶼һĴ
ֻǣһжҪһ
ܳûô㣬΢ƽӹôһǾ͸ˡ
Ȼֻǰż˽ʱ뷨ţֿ˿鷿ȻŲ˹ȥµ鷿󣬰Ͱƽʱϲ򿪵Ŀյˡ
ǲ䣬뿴飬͹˲ôˡ
û飬ʣʦ֣ѧϰô
ѧϰˣԡܳʶԿ༭ЩǣǱܳɸɾˣ
ŬԼƽѧһ룬;һ£
ˣϰ࣬ûܵӰ費Ҫ٣
֪ҽʵ׵ģæһϻûҽôĻøУٻ󣬾ͲΪҽǵ׺ܴ
ͻ˵ãһûôϰ࣬϶Եġ
룬붼벻ȥҵ°ɾû°ȶֻʦżһ£ʱ򣬾
۰Ҳ֪ܳʦֵôô͵õô˵ϿɵġǱСʦ
ܳҲǱԼ¡
֪ҽҪõϣҽѡ
ǻУҲǼ˵㣬ˣʵ˵ǲ
أǾͲǵĿˣ᲻ᣬòã
ԼЩͬѧƵģIIءħģ֮١
ңԼһܣҲǿˣħھҽԺȻţԿõżٴС鳤Ȼǽں͸֡
ǣҲǼһܹһ̨̨
ҪôرŵģܹIIIԵ
ħȨȰҽԺѶˣԾ͸ģҪر㣬ʦŻȥ롣
ȻĻ΢ſһɣţ˾ռߵġ
Ǽ˾ռߣ󲿷ҲֻǱIIȨޣIIIȨ࣬IVȨëǡ
Ϊô״̬ŲҲȥңԼĴʦʦ˼·˵ʦϲѲ˵ѪѹݿѪѹ֮¡
൱Ƥһ
ԼҪעⰡʵܲ˵ĻҪΪصġܳɱԼĹĺ˵
һһЩҪͰһ¡
ʲôѽһ졣
ܳ룬˵죬Ҹŵ˵ҪIVȨ޺ʽٴչȨޣҪ봴ѧĽͬ顣
ٴ֮ǰһƵ飬ҪѡһЩIV¼ƳƵȻҵĴٷȥ
Ƶ鶼ûͨĻ̸ʽȨͲˣֻҲֻдЩڵˡ
ֽܳͣҲ᲻ãֻǾãԼ⣬ԼΪá
ʵܳҲܹԼĺôġ
ܳɷϢǣӵһϢʱ򣬾ʯˣȻһһʯ˺棬Լʯͷˡ
ոջԼٴϵܳѾȥˡ
IVȨǻܳҪǸ迪չʽȨޡ
ô˵ɣIV߼ְԶãʽ߼ְܲÿѧ㹻ʸ񣬻ҪƸãѶ൱൱ġ
٣ڰ֪ܳڵͣǲܵ飬Ҳûֹˡ
Ȼھͳˣһں졣
ΪʲôҪܳ⣿
ΪʲôҪԼộ
ʦΪʲôҪôֱӵң
ļ΢΢ŵģãԼܵѾˣԼԵģԼ֪ģǱɽһǶѡ
˲ӡ
ֵܳæȥãҾȥˡȻúһ£ô¼ơ
΢΢һ˫ֲΡΡش֣ʦúù滮һ°ɡףɹŶ
ϢֻĻϣȻ̲ס΢˿
¼ơ
žǣģܸ˿IVٿ
һˣ߲Ȩ޵ĻãǿְȡõģΪʲôأΪһĲֻᣬԴ
Ҳǣֻܹ濴óȥ±ͬЦ
ԣܹѧ棬ֱֳ¼ģǴţ
ܹ¼˿ģǮġ
ܳɵֱ¼Ƹ˿ˮƽ˵֪˰һѡ
˵Ǹʦһˡ֮ǰ֮Ե󣬾ΪᶼûУѹꡣ
ԼΪģνĹƽνţνģ츳ˣû츳˵ֱӣʲô
ǲǣʵڣкܶʦһˣ
߮õţǺܶأ
ѾǵãôܳҶˣֻǣһܳɵĺĺ󣬾ͷ·һеۣԽԽ
ԽԽȻ;ãԼԽԽ԰ˡ
Ȼַ֣𽥵سĿƣŲ֪ķչǳĳ
ĿǰİʹһԱȽϾ̬ˡ
ħ֮ǰǺڴҪܳ׼ϲġ
ûϲܳɣһ֪ǣܳɴģȫǾţЩţȫѹһӰŪüˡ
ҲĲ̫࣬ڴ󣬷ðһȻѡ
ĳһ˲䣬ԼбϷһƽٶбУȻǷһأ󺰵¸Ұ䣡
ƺôһͿгòôԱܹΪһ޵Ůսʿһ¸
һֱ¸ҵģҲͷܹڹȵʵǣȥȵӡ
бҵ󸴶һûбҵ󸴶˲Ż΢ЩǣСѧʼΪ׷ճĽȶмŬˣӦǼټٵİɡ


ڶʮ Ǿ֮
ιëëߡëҪ߽ʱ򣬲ٲ֪ʲôʱȣ֣ȥķǲ¥ݷ
ٺ꣬ȴſ¥˽ȥ
ë㶣Ҳ͸ȥˣ¥ݼ䣬вٵ̵٣Ҳٵϻζܸʲôʱʼ̵ģ
¿ˮճ̵ˣͺͺΪ
رǰҹָоΪ̼
죬鲻̫áٳŶ޵ͷǳʹ졣
ëһ飬ʣô°Ҫæ𣿡
ȻͲǰǾϵôڲ׼Լı÷ϣ˸磬ëǴһ㾴֮ɫġ
˵ܴһסԺʼҪǿеסԺһˣ֮ǰÿҵͿڵıȡÿֻסԺ
޶ÿһˡһı飬ΪʵëһסԺ
ëѧ˶ʿѧͲʿȻһ꣬סԺá
רҵ˶ʿרҵͲʿר˶׶ΣѾסԺҽʦ淶ѵձҵͳ˴ƵסԺ
ڣһ꣬ȥûµסԺ
֮ǰտĹǣÿһһ߾ǰʱ䣬֮ԶµסԺڵʱûµסԺҲӰмְƵĽ
ȻмְƣסԺ߰סԺɵ
ϣһ˶ڵڶߵʱժסԺñӡ
ԺǰմƺʹƵסԺбȵĻôĽͲһˡ
ͱ˵˶ҽѧǱߣһХж㣬йǲƣǹؽơ
ëʣʹҪרҵǵıѧߣĸռȸһЩ
ǰôסԺרҵѧռһ롣ͬרҵȣһĿȻ
ǲͬרҵ֮бȵĻô˭רҵãôأѵֻܱƴѧƴѧĻƵЩ˱ȣԼƵģռһƵġ
˵˵ٴռȻӴЩԺƣԽԽٴռȸ󡣡
Ǳƴٴ޶ǻˣÿרҵнӴУǴƵҲҪȥؽת
˶ҽѧסԺҲǴתʼ
پе㵰ۡ
һ£ÿרҵˣÿרƵסԺȻµҪôֻĻı͸ˡ
ͬģҲ͸ӳ츳츳õˣֻܰʱ䡣
꣬סԺпܻ˵İ
ë˵Ҿã϶ûô򵥣ҾҽԺпܻѧѡһסȸȻпġ
ͺñȺХģ϶ǿһЩ˵˵ƴۺʵǱѧ
·кܶҽԺʿԺҪõƣΨһİ취ڻϻõ£òԶˡ
˵Ĳпᡣ
ǺܶҽѧԺпھʽ½ԱֱѹեĶ
ԣҡͷ˵ʹˣҽԺԺıȽϾٴѧˣֻעѧĻХ͸סԺˡ
ڻû£ΪҽԺڸġҲҪעˣѧռıأȻᡣ
סԺڼ䣬ܹõģ֮٣µģȴܶࡣ
ңΪҽԺԱѾ΢е㳬ˣҾÿİţҪٷֳһҡ
ôסԺֻΪ˿¿׼ġ
ë죬˵κʱֻҪƸˣΪ˿¿һǿԺ׼ģЩǶûɶ˵Ĺϵ
ֻǣٴıԣÿרҵҪ˵ĻҲ䲻ƽĵطҳ鵽˴ƵļܿˣХҲ鵽ǿƵġ
ǻԸƨ
ëǺŵģХҪ洴ˣܵŶԷ򣬵ȻëҲǲܺͺХһʲôӵġ
ˣҪҶ˭ȥ㾵ЩϡŹֵĶ
ҡͷġХ˶ҽѧרҵܹڴƵ˶٣ɵӶܿĳ㲻
ҶϾܿ飬ȻôĿ꣬úøɣҸоԽԽڵľˡ
ô˵ëʿϼ˼
ϼʦѦ޵½ڣǴƵΣﻯڡﻯҲǲٵ˶ʿʿоʦ
µģֲʦҲǴƣ϶Ǵκϰ
£ʲôûõģ϶ǻ᳹
ֻѣϣǲҪˣҪӡȻĻסԺ濸꣬Ǻ۵ġסԺӲùϣµ
ë˵ͷ˵ллܸ硣
С˼߰ɣȥ׼ɡ˺üұһǸַλģǣڿһǲҪóȻõΪá
Ȼһ߲ܳҾGGˣĽ㣬ԸܳɵİࡣٺȻЩ˵
ëҲ˸ôزֻ˵ˣʦ˵֮ǰǴܳģϴʵľܾˡ
ǲΣȻö˵ʲôֻ۸һʦˡ
Ϊòƿԡ
²ֻ֪֮ǰ֪ܳɻõĺô
ڵľ˱仯һ֮͸ӱҪôХһסԺͰؼңҲ㰡Ҳ
ֻǣҲãǴҶϻҲãûôõϵġ

ܿǵ˲鷿ʱ
Ϊ˲ٵĸ֪ëҲǲɵڲ鷿ʱ򣬺Ȼֽӹ˱ܳɵĻơ
٣Ϊܳɵַλڹ̶ܶסԺ;ãܳƨɺܺãﻯڣ֪ܳ鿪չǡ
һµѧƵĻëʦѦ޵£ǵһзˡ
ʱǵĳӻ᲻ࣿ
£ɲҽǱ˸ûⲻסԺ֮ľһ첡εľﻯڵܲβΣÿѦ޵½Լڣ
ǱȽʵĶ
΢ƣһɹôҪôѦ޵½ڴ˶ȥҪôѦ޵½ﻯȡ֮
ʱ΢ƣȻȫ綼ŵһרҵѧƣкܶǰѧϰҽԺѧУԲŹôһԼԼĻᡣ
ҹûʣΪҪ֮
ֻǵľסԺʱ䣿
ܸ磬Ŀǳ˰ǣҲ˵
ΪҲ˵ԣֻܶܳʦ𾴡
ʦˡ
ʦⴲˡëǳظԼʦѦ޵½ڻ㱨ϣԲҪ̫Ϊܳɣܳһпͦãӵиʱ֯Ժ֯ѧģʽͦ
Ѧ޵½ڡµҲǿƵ˵ƣûܳɵʲô
Ȼٵز˷֮󣬽Ѧ޵º͹ڲûмңȰҽʦȽȥң׼ǰ׼
ܳɾͱΰ칫ҡ
ܳɵһνΰ칫ҡ֮ǰֻܳĲΰ칫ңʱƽڣһμʱġ
ܳǸŹ棬ΰ칫ҺֻѦ޵½һˡ
ȥ󣬹ڣΪܳɵ裬ʮ𾴺顣
֪ܳͼ󣬾ҪվѦ޵½ھ΢ѹѹܳҪĶСܣҪҲҪôðɣ
ﰡܴʱ䳤̣ͰﵱǼͺˡǧ
ܳǵһαôԴеסѦڣңʲô𣿡
³죬ܳɱѦ޵ëԴʱ򣬾еסˣֱѦ޵¼ӹһԴȻǸסˡ
Ѧ޵ﰵʲô飿
һҵʷԶûʦȥˣ֪𣬵ʱһ
Ѧ޵Ȼܳ˵ôģֻǵGСܰ㣬ȻҪúõۺͼƻһ飬ӦģҾͿʼˡ
㿴׼ٴǣСппλڹ̶ôͣҪõʽȨôҪеġ
ĳǹпλڹ̶Ȼؽûؽؽھ¹ؽ΢¹ؽ泤ǵڶڹ̶
ôҪ¼ƵƵҪʮ̨Ȼ󷢸ħĴƵĽȥĦȻʲôʱ㰲ŵ濼Ȩ顣
ǰɡ
أвԴѰ㿴ԼϣҵʲôĲԴѴŵҪҽһ£ҿܲͨҵԴһ¡Ѧ޵£ǳĵʡ
Ѧ޵£ħԺƵĽڣְƣ飬ħĴѧ飬ҲǺպģԼ޵ĲԴħȥҽԺһЩϤͬУ޹ҽ
ԳΪҪҲԴʱԴңѰңԲˡṩԴϢһѦ޵£Ǽкôġ
һλӵе֮һе֮һ
Ѧ޵ҹԼʦ֮ٿԷǳȷһǣʦڰ
վܳɵĽǶȣҲڳȫܳɡ
İţѦ޵ֻĽķݶȻԼʦԼĺôһƽϵ״ӶδܣҲܲĻԵ
Ѧ޵Լ۽ˣѾ廧ˣֱӰѹҲˮ
¼ҹˣ֧ŲһҵģҪµĿҵĻֻëȥһأ
˵ͬʱҲڰԼ
ܳɿɲ֪Ѧ޵¿ǵ飬ô࣬˵ѦʦѾǵôܵˣҿɲٶʲôҪˡ
ѦʦԼŰžͺã㰲š
ܳɲġ
Ѧ޵ҲΪܳɵӦȽ㣬Σܳǿ;ڴ˵ġԣܳɻ㰲ûˣҲӡ֤Ѧ޵µһ²⡣
ˣǿԿȾԺǸѧӵרҵӡ
ʲôѧأǲһѧƴ򴩣ԸͲҵˡ
ܳҲǸ⡯һĴˣܳɵרҵأ
ңԶɲʲôʡ
Ѧ޵ϣҲû̫ר᣺ǵʱǸݾϸµĻ֡
Сܣһ飬ҲͷˡڣһֱŶӵģںĽѧУǲرܵģӦòɣ
Ѧ޵ôʱ򣬹ҲЦش
ѦڣСܣȲ裬ѦڵذЩʾõ˵ţһҪܳɶ˲衣
ܳվֻùѦ޵¶˲裬Լǰ΢š
Ѧʦʦллǣ̫ˡֻһѧЩĵ𰡡
ϣλʦܹһ£Ժൣ
ȲѦ޵º͹ˣħԺĴƸôãϿ϶һֵ֮ܳȥѧϰھģҵѧϰķܳɾܹȡǵĳ
ܳҪѧϰֻôұ˵ĳˣ߾ǻ۸лֵ¸
Ѧ޵º͹ܹǳϵذæԼĿߵø˳Ǻ¡ҲûбҪΪѦ޵º͹һѣ͸߸ϡ
СܻİѦ޵Цһڲ衣
ҲЦЦĺɫһ˵ֺá
Ѧ޵²Ž뵽⣺Сܣ˵ٴ飬ĿǰȻѾǳˣʲôʱ򣬿ԴſһĻƻ
ʵܳҪƻ顣
ҲǷǳʵ
׻ͼ࣬ûͼ˵J8
ҪƭˣǻܵģܳΪеı֣ȡѦ޵µΣѦ޵ܳпܵ߸ƵĻţΪԼȥ
ѵ᲻ܳ˵Сппλڹ̶
Źţ͹۵ĶҪġ
ܳ룬ԼǲҪ̫ðգ˵ѦڣҪһ򵥵ĹۣȻȥʾһ°ɡ
ֻۣƽٴ
Ѧ޵㶣С㲻˵ӦеûƳ𣿡
еЩеҲֻЧרõеѡܳɲǰѦ޵ǿƻ飬ǿǿЧͼ
Ͼģ棬ҲΪεģܳɿûôɵ
Ѧ޵º͹
ʵǸ뿴Ǽƻ顣ֻǣʵЧͼȼƻʵ֣ܳѵеĸְСппλڹ̶
Ѧ޵˵УĩǿԳȥһˣͨĹеġҿԷǰƬӸ㿴ѡ
Žڣʱһ𣿡

ʤëһȥʱ΢Щʧ䣬޾ɡ
ëʤ䣬֧ֵ𣿡
ëǵãʤһ²ֵһΰµֵ࣬͹˰
ʤƫͷһë˵磬һ죬̬𣿡
ë룬òƻ٣˶ĻҺͺХпܽңأ
ȣóʤľͷһӾˡ
ХסԺʱõ𣬳˶ʿʦνסԺľ֮һĴˣģпܽԺ
⿪ʲôЦ
ʤİ֮һӾˡ
Ϊʲô硣
ˣѧа
ѧõˣӦƸʱ򣬻ռܴƵġëѧͱëͬΪסԺĲٵҪһЩХֱëһЩ
ХΪܹΪ˶סԺľڣҲǶܹһˡ
⻹ģ
ë䶯вһʱǿƵĴԸǽģԸԺĻǾ;ȥҹ˷Ѵʱ䡣
Ľǣһ˲ҵһ˵Ļڲʿҵ֮ǰͳ˵С⡣
ˣ˵ˣⶼǳˡ
զˣ
Ϊܳ𣿡ëܺ棬ʤǴܳȥĻľóʤˣû
ԼͲٶܳɱϹϾģƾɶ㳤أ
ͬһ˱һȲôҪ࣬ⲻԼҲڣ
㻹ۿˣٵʱܳɿͿǸء
ʤҡͷǡǶ㣬ַ£Ӱӻܸߡ
Ȼ֪𣬱СһģһоҲõIIIȨޣͻȻըˣǿ˹һ
ʤͲܳɱˣܱѽ
˭ܳɱ˭ըѵԼʦǵɫʤܿЩʣʤʵúܵġ
ëУ㣿
ǹǿΪĹǳεѧ֡˵˭ôôְ
ҲǼεѧ
ʤ˵Ŀǰ˭ѧǣǰƵģûѡõʦҶû
Ŵѧ꼶ѾǹǿǱ꣬û˷ֲԾϾҲûȥ顣ң˺ܹ֣֪ôͨٴѧԺĽ񲿺͹졣
˽ȥ
Ȼͳоʦʱ򣬲ڳûȷʦѾǱԴڸˡ
һѧѧҽģߣڴѧ֮ǰѧ˱ƺ˶ʿǿеĿγ̣ԴӽҽԺ֮󲻾𣬾Ϳʼٴˡ
ڻҽѧԺһѧѡʮſΣÿһſεķ90ϣһѧڲڿԣڿԵ·ϡҲ֪ô˵񲿵ġ
ڣѾֽڰȨˡ
G
ʤë΢е췽ҹ̷ʣļٵŶˣ֮ǰôҽѧԺٴѧԺһûð
⻹ûѧʱ
ëǻɷŵ飬ǾúΣųˣǾûн𣿶һôһڹǿƻű֡
ͬѧûȻʦҲ֪Ͳ˵ô
ʤҡͷϸԵҾͲˡ
ͦʧģڣʤȻõѦ޵½ڵϿɣѧרҵͲʿǣȨȴǱȶ̫ࡣ
ڣѦ޵¶ûIIȨʵʤȴ󲿷ֵͬѧʡ
ʤҲãԼںܶطԼģһ꼶δܹһġ
ǵħĸҽԺ˵ô֣Ⱥ棬ҲκεĹ֮ͦͨƫӡ
ëĳʤļ˵סӣҪԼͺܲһȱ˲ġ
ÿ˶ÿ˵ļÿ˵ĻҲһ
ͺñȣʤѦ޵µѧγԺʿͽһʤͦõģһ죬ʤᷢһ㡣
ңʱǶ֪طˣҲ޿κΣΪʤһΪʼзôˣԺȻҪʤһģû취
ţҲϣ˰ɡ
磬ԺҾҪһˣʱ㻹ҪҡʤҲʱëġ
ʦֵܰ硣
ëסԺȻȨ󣬵ܹʤȨޣǱ˶ܸġΪѦ޵£߽ڣֱӽӴ
ܹʤṩģֻë
ëҲãԼʦţ̫һ㣬Ȼʿٸܳһ죬ˣʤ仹ᣬһоͻпܡ
ʤ䣬ûµĻܳɽӴӴûġ
ڵ׸ôӴǾҪԼ컯ѡˡëֻΪʤṩ򣬸ָ㡣
ʤ˵ͷһ֣ء
ܳԷĻҲδ֪ܹõô˵ϿɣܳɣǺԼͬˣôأ

Ҳ֪ǲǴɡ
ܳɽʱ򣬾ͷˣҽŶ棬һСֻģؿԼ
ܳɱûעģҵļʱ󣬾ͷĴڣΪҲһģſڵǵԱߣ͸һƵġ
һæͦС
ʼǰܳɾͺͰ˺öۡ
ʼܳҲų̂ȻѦ޵½ܳɵģֻǣ̨ܳԼܾˡ
ΪܳԹߵĽǶȣúõȥĦͲдһ£Ѧ޵¡˵ƻͰţô
ϣܳȻˡ
Ȼܺܳɾվ˹ۿλ
ƵĽɳϡʬĴʦ㣬֮ǰŵǽֻû¿վŲܳɵԱ߲Զװ˲ʶ
ôܳԣȻ￴
ֻǣûܳɵĸ߶ȣܹҰͼޡ
һ󣬾ûȤˡ
ܳҲһȻҵļʱ棬ΪſˣʵѦ޵º͹ڣƸȾʱҲûţȫɲĻ
Ѧ޵½ҲǸˣܳϣȼ崴ӰӣҲ֪Ѧ޵½˶ĸȾʮ裬츳϶ܵڵĵز
Ҳܡ⡱Աߣʣôȥ
ʾָĩ͵ָָ̨ŲӣᣬıʲôƵġ
˺Ҿȥ϶а
ÿһ̨ᶼ޵ġѾԼ1.3ˣô̰İܳҲСأĻĳ̶ȡ
㿴Ѧʿһ˶ʿѧŽҲѧʦҲһѧô˶Żᡣ
ռˣǾûˡңĻᡣ
ܳɽԼ飬ʣҿ㶼ôµİʦչ𣿺еӡ
ܳɵ⣬ʵģʵʵ˵һʡ
˵ģ⡣
ﲨ΢죬ǿĸûоӨۣܿͱԼ־ɢˡ
ÿ˴ۺ󣬿˾ܽĻôѧôȥˣǽġ
ֻʵʵ˵̫ˡ
ǳ쵽ħȻ磬ͱҴҵĴʦ״֮ʦҲͦչңҼˡ
Ҳûʣֻӵ۰棬ѪҺ鷶ͬѪϴһ΢΢
ȻһֳԼܲеѣƺһҪһĪ˼档
ڶԼ˵ҲУҺʵаһиֽ
ұòˣ˭ңҲܻᡣ
Ҷ֪ν
֮ܳó֣ΪǰҲйʱ򣬵ǣܳɵΣһܳɵΣûκʱȥ͵ִԼϲĶ
ȴȻҪһͷԼϲҵҪԽԽֱڣ֪ԼȤɶֻʣ¸ʲôҰˡ
ֻǮҵЩˡ
ܳɻ֣һ°֣ץһ£Ȼ˿
ЦЦ˵ûµģ϶лģһжԽԽõġ
ʱҪȥʱҪȥȣֻȵʱ乻
һȹþúþء
оԼֱܳס󣬻ŵҪָܳԵģץһܳɵģһĦ죬һΣӦʹУûˡ
ܳûɿ֣԰Ҳֹͣ˻һ£ַܳſˡ
ðЩڵͬʱĽ˿
ܳӦòǹϷ˵ʱ˵ظʲôζ黰ֻΪοѣԣץһ֣ʵҲûʲôԡ
ǣðͷתܳɣϸϸĥһܳɵĻ
ȻĽ򿪡
ȣ仰κ˵ΪȥȥŭԷΨǰܳʦ֣Ϊİܳ˵û
ܳΪ˻ᣬ˶ã
һֱ
Ȳһֱڵȣһֱȡ
ⲻãǹǿƵ˶ôãҾϣᣬҾȣ۾ˡ
ܳ˵⻰Լܳǻ£Լأǲõ£Լʲô
Լȵʱ䣬һ꣬ôô
϶ûеġ
áԣϸϸôܳɵĻ
ڻܳɸոպ۵⣬Ҳڻشһ⡣
ֻҪлᣬҾһֱȣǵȵһúˣԼ㣬ûп˵ʱȥԼһ롣
ǸˣŲ㡣
ȻĻҾһֱȡ
һҲãȼҲνġ
ôϸţɫеˣԼежԼʲôһ
Աߵܳ΢ЦЦԻӦӦǿЦݣֻܿ
ܳ룬ͿģôεķϣһŶ
Ȼ᲻õģҲ㹻ˣ
ܳɵڣǵãӵĵӻģ΢еأԼͶֺȾ죬Լ棬ԼʱܳɾеЦš
һܹΪˣʲôܳʵġ
ڵ֪λ˵еĴС֮ܳͦġ
ͼֵѽ


ڶʮ ĳ˿ʼƮ֮
ڽУƵĽںͰĴʦ㣬ֻһ໤ϵһЩݣʦ΢һͨ󣬾ָԳԼ
ĵһ̨ѶȲСǶν֫ٷȾģתԺѦ޵½ʮҪõѶò
Ŀǰ֫ǴǰжΣȾ޷ٿƣٽ֫ĻȻࡣ
˳ʤ䲢ûܹõֵʸϸԹһЩܳڹۿӽ
ʤһһȦͿܳɴ˿̺һӽһ𣬶ҪôǻģҪôƵģǸ֡
Գʤû̫Ȥˣֻãֵܳӵע⣬¡
ɳʤ濴˰Сʱ󣬾ЩԼʦ˼·ˣоͷͣ۾Ҳ΢е㻨Գ˼ƣʹųʤҪ΢Ϣһ
ֻǣڳʤϢأҲܳԺҼʱµ;Уʤܳ˵
ԲΡ
ܳɺĵľȻ̨
Ȼĵ̨
Ȼϸ̽󣬳ʤıͶԽӲ˰ģ´ŵܳɵ˼·Ƶģһߵġ
ȻϸţĴġ
ܳɶδ̨ԣȻܹĹܳɵĽ˼·Լʦ˼·ȫһ£ҲǴͬС졣
Ҫǣ̨ܹܳ⣬ûȥͰѲŪҪܳɶһּƿȡ
Īǣ
Լʦ˼·̫ǳܳɶܹó
ߣܳɶԸȾ⣬ѾԼʦǲˮ׼

ܳ밲ûܳһڽ˵˼·ʱһעŰı仯ԿóԴԼס˰֮
Ȼüż΢΢𣬿ȻԸԼ˼·ƣȱٵĽѧ֪ʶԣû취ȫϡ
һ֪װӦǽȻͬġ
ܳҲע⵽˳ʤĿδ˼̫࣬Ǽţ΢ԼĽٶȡ
ܳΪ飬һԼܵʵԣҲΪ˰οϣܹӳΪʲԱͺԼ
ܳѻ£̨ʱڻٵġ
͵͵ֵָ׿˿ԼģһֱڰοԼ˵ҪŲҪţԼͼװͺˣš
һܳɿԼǳ˵ʲô֪ô죿
ҲΪܳڽ˰ע÷ǳУ˫ۡ˫ȫܳɵ
Ϊǹרע˰ȻһָоŶԣʵˣҲûôѣܳɽϸ£һǳС
ȻǺѵǡôػع鵽ѧĿαӿǰ֪ҿĲ棬ֽεĹ

롣
󣬹һ֪ǲеƵģ롣
ǰҵʦǶЩʲôܳһʼҵѧʦĻҿܾͻȥѡƣһҽˡ
˭˵ƱڿƸѣƾûԼϵͳˣҲ߼ҲжԼٴ˼·òã
Խϸͷ֣ԼΨ㲻ģֻܳڽ⵽ʵʱһЩرרҵĴʻ㣬ûŪס
󲿷ֵĽʽṹܳɽĹУȻڰعˡ
ҽҲҪѧϰʵģҪĻṹ⣬ӦòһĹǿҽ
ܳɽá
ڳʤ߽ĹУʵҲؼ˼üͷ
Ķı֣ðƺ˿Ƶģһܳ˵ʲôһȴڿʤ䡣
ַĵȴ໥Ӱ˼άðе㺦£ʮ־ϲ
Īǣζܹһ̶ϣǱڵĳ
˼άڡ

ʤºܳټһ˵βˣõǿʽĽβõЧǣҵеĿأ̵пأʣģܲдĲɱ
ʧȥ˻ԵĲһ̶Ǳڵäǻ
Ȼ˵ˣҲϣҪٷ֫˰ɡϾھѾǧٿˡ
ܸӵĲڽ崴ʱ򣬴Ķȫ飬Ҳڽ֫ƽ̫ߣƽҲͣ׵Ȳ
˲õĲܳǵ̸
ĿǰھľʱҲΪףԺ
ܳҲ˵ͷ
˵⣬վȻ˸ϲĽڣȥ΢侲侲ˡ
ΪոգĸоԼһӵĳֳһֱȱٵ֣ĽʺõѧѧǵģĿһĶõȵȡ
ȻҲ֪ǻ̫ЩɣֻҪ˾ͺð
Ȼ󣬰ֿʼ˼ˡ
ǲĳأ
ѵҵѧϰǱһֱҪһкô
ǰҲǸ԰
ͿԼˣԼ
ҪҪô԰
ĵĻǲ͸̸ġ
ûʧ

侲ʱ䣬ܳҲر̡
ֻǣһֱҼʱܳɣʱ̶עŰı仯Կó߽ҵʱ򣬸ɣָ⾯衣
ʮн䱸ĵشΧһһУڴ֮⣬жδ֪Ļ̿֡
ܳ뵽˺üǰԼ
ܳûȥŰ֪ܳ˿̰Ҫģǵദ㹻ɣѽ飬ܣĵƣκ˶֪
ܳɸ֪£ڣԺκʱ򣬵κ˵棬Ҫ¾û
ǰͻȻˣһӾеصŵԡ
ܳɻ֣Լ֣΢Ӹµأ֪߼װ֪ߵݣŰĸָĸı䣬һĻֵĪˬС
ҲһָУʵǱ
ܳɴĹУʮİҲһ㣬һ̣һԼոշֵܣȫر¶ܳǰֱ
ɰ֪ԼĴΪܳɵĸоһĸоһЩ֣Լʦ㣬ԼĴʦҲԼܡ
Ȼ󼴽ԼץпʻǰԼʵҵС󣬼ٽʵȸָĿƵġ
ɹһһжû˶վɣ־ԼǶˣ̫ˣʰԼ̬Ȼʼ¹滮Լѡ
Ҳ΢ʰһЩš

еʱ䣬һԼǰעĹںţںݣһݣҲһġ
Լٶʱ򣬰ͷ֣Լȡ֣ͬõϢȫһ
ǰõľһЩԭԵĶ߾һЩߣһЩɡ
ڣ֣ԼõģһӻͼΣһĽʽṹڲϵƿ顣֣Ҫô˶Ҫôһ̣ͬӰһؿ̻Լǰ
ĽѧĽṹҲԼھһʲôδ󼡡мόIȵȣںԼشкһֱԼˣԼȥ桭
Щѧṹľסǵǰǵ״ǻЩѪܺ͹ͷ
ĺƽȻһżһֱﴭͼڴĸоϣ˿ܹһɵĶʱ䣬ҪؼȥúõسһԼ鷿麣
Ҫһ֣ѧϰ֪ʶˬС
ܿϧڵʱ㣬ʡ
ҡ
̬Ҳ΢ıЩ
ܳɱõģҲʣԼڵ֮ټԼӵеĹϵἰѧϰԴ
ܹܿľ룬гܳɵĿԡ
ڵİɲǺ֮ǰԼˣʱᵥҪΪ֤ԼǿԻһЩͨŬ֮õĶ
ڣᣬһ㹻ĻᶯüĹϵġ
ΪڵİѾˣʱǿΪһӵ۶ѣһһӵŬܶԼṩĻ׼ߣԼǿȥվȥġ
Լ㣬ǱһӶܶ㣬κ˶û취ıġ
ôԼܹľֹ㣬ܹþܣҲǿԽһĹϵġ

̨Ḷ̌ûô򵥣ԣ緹Ĳ͵ʱ䣬δų̈
ԣѲػʿϴֻʿԷ
ܳɡʤͰų̂ˣؾͱȥҵĲȳԷȻֻųԷ
һ̨ҪԽʱ򣬾ͱҪô
ʤ䱾ǴܳһȥģɵܳɺͰƺѾǴĬҲǺĬƿˣѵߵĻ˻ȥ
ǳĹŮ
ʤ俴ˣܳɺͰ˶ֵأǿ˶ֵԲôؾʹôȡ
Գʤ˼룬øӼ˵ǣǵĽչٶȣңºܿҪ
Գʤһȵؿ˲ߵİܳˣǰȥҵĲ
ҵĲȫǴͬС죬ǩֳԷƶȡ
ԿΪλǩ֣Ҳȥ̽ǲǱǩֳԷ⣬ֻҪǩ˿֣ˡ
ʱԷķ̫ˣ˵һµĳԷ˴θߴＸǧεĻȻҲϣҲٱġ
󣬶ҪƴλãܳɺͰ˳ʤԱߡ
ȻܳɾͶ԰˵λѦڵѧʤ䣬ںһġ
ʦáǳò
ʤЦſʶ
ԺһɩӺá
һͰѰˣܳҲе£Ͻ˵磬ǰǰɳоʶѣż
ͺɺϡ
Ȼܳô˵֮Ҳ֪ǲǻıܷˣһ䣺ڻֹϵ
ʵ仰ûģܳɼ˸ʱ״óʤͰ㶡
ʤҲܴӦٶһ㲻͵˵ͷ˵Ҿûд
ҲܳɺͰ˵̬ȺЩǰʶȻߵúܽڲʶϾ͵һǾˡ
ɸǰ鰡ӦòħɣʤȽϺ档
֪ܳڵѧǸʿпѧƶȵĲʿܹʦȥѧģȫǴС
ħԺûУǻɽҽԺȥѧǹǿƵģڵĳɾ;ͺܸߣʮ꣬ƵģѾڹڿʼսߵĽˡ
Ȼսֻд衣
ܳǻħȦӵģĹǿţʤ䲻ܲʶ
ţǰʡʦҲʡģǾԺԺˣҪ΢һ¹ܳҲǸһϵ
ֻǣֻܳôһ˵ɳʤѾˡ
ëܳɻףëǳص˵ͷãɸ磬Ҽǵˡ
ԺɩӣһϹϾġ
ļƣһСܼɩӵģ
ܳ죬ùֻͣ˳ʤһ£еģνĿЦǵ棬°ӹȥ
ϾܳҲǰĻ׳棬ԻҪչġ
ߺǿסҲţǿסҪܵļƣȻܳɺͳʤ˵󣬰˵ʦ֣ʶһ£ҽа
ǰİֵ
ʤ俴ôŵİҲܹܳɿϵŮˣӦò򵥣ĵӺȣһŮҪǿһЩ
ֿЦİŮ
ҲֻʣˣɶҲ㡣
ôŮӣóʤŮˣ࣬ͬѧһеļǳˡ
ڿˣҪһˡ
ʶ֮ʵܹҸ졣
ܳɺͰȺ˳ʤ䲻ٹħԺ£ʤ˵һЩʷҰʷ
ô̸УԷҲ͵β
صܳɣܿͱ̨ɰȻûбȥʦ㡣
ǴʦȥԷˣ̵ĽڣԸԼտǣԸһٳԵĻᡣ
Ĵðĺò׽ģΪԼӵ˳ʺ󣬸߳׵ţһ֡
ֹһͿ̨ȥ˵ܳɣλһֱڱ䣬˶Ȼٱһ
ȻѦ޵½̨ȥԷ֮󣬹ھͳܳɵһ
վ濴˿ſԼû֮ǰԼһԹǸʤ䣬ڵλþܳڵλãλ
ڣڸܳ֡
⸱棬ðһӾصʵ
ܳѾﵽĸ߶ȣԼҪߵö࣬ΪԼһӾͱˣܹһӳԽܳɼʮۻ
еģһжҪ
ڵܳɣһٴڴ棬λڴĽڡ
ڵȻһڵζûõĸ࣬ԼĴʦ㣬ͱԼĲͲˮƽͺúܶࡣ
ڵһСĿ꣬ȻǻýڵΣץסÿһᣬԼɿȡʦƷȻʦһп޵Ʒ
߽ħԺĵһҪܳһﵽһٴڴڵĳ̶ȣãԼҪƻ쵽ʲôΣزҪĻԼܴܲˣſԡ
ؿܳλϣһڽָӣȻԼӰ
ڣãӦôĸ꣬ҲҪر԰ȻܳɵĻôȰܳɵһĿꡣ
һ죬ԼĿĵزȥҲ
ңϸϸһ£СͲһϲŪԼĳɼһ˵ѽ
ǴԼոСεʱıֺ̬ıʵԼԼΪģԼһˣԼܰеϲŪ
ֻһֱûаʱѡ
Լʱ֮ĵһ¾ǣν
ܳɰѰòĽ֮ĸѹ󣬰̬ҲʼƽȽ̤ʵ˵
ԣҪĬĬػۣĬĬѧϰȵץһ̵ĽڸĻᣬȻԴԴϵĻݰ١
̵ĽڣûᣬǵһĻᣬûץס

ܳɾëŰô
ëǲܳĵסԺĻܳɺúϢ׼һ¼Ƶ¼ơ
ë̬ǿӲһѦ޵½Ҳ˵ƣܳɾȻٶ˵ʲô
°ĵܳɾ׼ʱ°ˡ
׼ʱ°ģǰˣΪûгеʽĻˣ󣬾ͱ̵Ľںʦкҡ
ʣµһЩѲתȥҡʰң׼Ļûɡ
Ҳðȥ̵ʦ㣬Ϊȥٴ켴Ĳ˵գÿҽҪж顣
ʦ֣棬λߵİԼ¥һ¥󣬰ͻ˱װ¥
ɵȿ㣬ӣЩ䡣ϰʹˣһɫףë׵ģ°ڵNλá
һɫıTǽë£һů¡
ԲԳƵĴ磬ܳɾʣ̵ĵطеǰɣ
ţ컹ۣ͸úɫĶ¶ȡ
ҲҴϴַǴġòӰ·ӹεͲʹΪ䣬԰޷ñҲˡ
Ҫܳ˵ְñһתܳɣ˵֮ǰ·
ʦ㻹ûشҵءİѾǰİˣǷǳעܳڲĵλεġ
ܳɱ̸ܶµģ´ġ
Ȼһֱ׷ʣҲĺ֢ͱܳɸջģʱҲΪԺƣϵס
˺棬ܳɲŷ֣ԼǰΪģҪЩ㣬ʵӦԼĿֻ꣬ΪǰҰ̫խˡ
ԼζøС
ڵİҲˡ
еĴĿ꣬վǴСĿҪĿ⣬ǴѦٴ飬Ѧھͦġ
ȻҪǡ
ˡ
ʲô̶أԵ·ȴתϰ޷ñӶŵܳɣȻĿȻû֣΢΢ſ
΢΢ţƺкܶ໰Ҫ˵һʱ˵
ѧҽģܳʲôû취ѧҽģǳһѧ棬ȥһרƣжش
жѡ
һ飬ǳɹˣϣڹڵѧλҪһ̶ϣԽԺʿġ
ֻǣ̺ѣҪʱҲܾá
ѣپãôһԣҲ֤ܳɵ
Ȼܳɽִ֮Լʮӣͻˣ΢һ󣬲˵ʦ֣̫ˣ
ĿܹɵĻ
ҶᷢʲôԼ˼άס
ܹܳͣһµרƣôȴܳɵģʲôأ
Ƹѧλ
Ƹ踱ڣڣ
ܳãԼһ죬˼⣬ɣûʵ塣
ǵʲôһǣԼ̽ڵĳϡ
ڶǣԼЩͬѧͳͳضŰһ飬֪Լǿ츳Ŭǿż
߮һ٣㻹ô츳ôˣ
ġ
Ȼ˵ڶʮ׷ܳɣܳɷ
Լ˼ЩûʵĳɼѧʱȵʱܳѾ飬Ȼǳֺʱˡ
ܳɸκ˱ȣֻ£Լꡣ
ң֪ܳߵһϿĶԼһԹܶ࣬ǣõĻᣬܳɻ϶ûз
ܷʲôܳЦЦ
ǻѼʮʱ䣬һרƶѡ
绹Ǻܴģҽѧԡʼķֿƾ⸾ȻǾƤӰ񡢽롭
ЩǴĿңȻרƣǱȣһǿƣһƷ֧רƣɶأ
ܳɵš
۽硢ҰԼòôС֪ѧϰҲˡ
ܳʵûоԼرΰرĪ⡣
ִҽѧķչʷô̶һٶ꣬޵У⸾֧ң롢MDT˶ҽѧ
չʵܿ졣
ݹִҽѧķչڶ࣬Ƽȫҽˮƽ츲صı仯Ϊ
֮Ի˺棬ΪĲ볡ʱ̫ˣҪתʱѡ
ΪѾռȨֻڱ˵ȨĿȥץȡûע⵽ûץȨĵطԼ㶯
ǿƵһרƣȻı䲻ˣǿƵĺöרƣǱ顣
ֻиһѧĸܹпص߸ǰĹǿѧƣȻɹǿƽȥ
ֻдӵײۿʼ߸ܹûĹǿơվ
ܳڵĿ꣬㣬ޣ벻ѧƣǿƣȥһƣĻǾȥ֮ƽпҡ
ܳɻʱһֱֻſ·ÿ·ʱҲֻ˼ˡ
˼˼ŵʱ򣬾ͷ֣ܳɵҰԼãҪӿöࡣ
ԼģԶҪܳɸһЩ
ԼȻ֮ܳ䣬˼άϵô
У϶ԣԼһҪ
԰С˼ܵ΢ǰȥ˵ʦ֣Ǵ򳵻ȥɣҾҿ߲ôԶ
ܳԤȥʱָı⣬ãԼҪѧϰУԼڵ״̬á
ȻĻһ̶֪Ⱥ󣬾ͻԽãܳɵҰӽǣܹǵ˵ġ
ܳΪΡʲôʱеĸı䣬һ֪ģǡ
ڷӦ˹ܳҪ飬ܴҲܶԣҪ֧һܹʲô
ֻص鷿Լø֪ʶ
ðɣҺһεΡܳΪĽʹ̫óʪ˱̵򣬻̼úʹ

СܳΪȽȥԷģɰȴûôֻܳȥһ
࿴飬ܳ룬ͬˡ
ܳɴӦ֮һȥԷϾʱ䣬ڸԵĿռ䡣
Ҳͬˡ
ϣܳʱŵϾڵܳɣеֻҪҰͻ᲻شŵ
һѧšֶܴˣһ˧˵㣬ҲǺ˵ġ
ܳҲϣ̫ҪΪԼһоģ⡣
ѧۣ޷壩
ܳɣ˿»õļܣûżؾͿԼģ⣬ңңһ£Լģ֫ؽʱ
ҲڻĽϣģ˺üΡ
ʱ֮ԻģⲻȼļܣΪʬͽ壬ȫһġ
ôǲҲܹôأ
ʵʬĽʺ˵ĽʣǴŲġ
ǣԼ֪ʵĻǣ
ܳɵ˼ά𽥷ɢЩʵУûκεĲο׿ԲοΪĿǰԣпɲοףܳɻɨˡ
֮ǰѧϰʵʱܳɾͷˣ³һЩۣ϶Ҳ̸
ܳҪ˽ģδ֪ȫµ
Ժ֡
ܳҲرż

˼죬ܳɶûȵȫĽµ۱ģѦ޵½ڣ˺Ϣ˵ѾͨһĹϵ
ܳɿԺú׼ƵˣΪѦ޵½δܳƵܳѦ޵½һƵѦ޵
͸˴ѧһЩںЩѾۺͬѦ޵¿ʱܳIV顣
ǣҪܳɹĴȨȴҪ߳ģһҪϸĳ֤ܳнʽٴ
ⲻܳɣ͵ţ˶ԿԽֻҪʵȻûʵҪȡĻҪˣҲҪõ١


ڶʮ ã
ĳһѦ޵½Цش߳ʱӭһˣҲǹǿǰΣﻯ
Ѧ޵½ڵĸ߸ݣȧ͹һǣﻯģͱȽܶ࣬Ѧ޵¸һЩԲһ㣬Ҳûʲô׸⡣
ﻯƤܺأһɽϸɲĸо
ѦٽǸ¼Ƶ豸ϰ
ŻҪöãҪõҽǱ˵¼Ƽγ̡ﻯƷǳѦ޵µԱߡ
һ𣬺֪ʶӴһҲһָŵĸо٣һ·߹ϳ˺󣬶ǲҴš
ĽڣйľͲ࣬ӳйĸ֮١
˽ڻ˵ʱϣ˶顣
Ѧ޵µЦݰ뽩ͻ˵ΣҪ豸Ļʱǰһ֪ͨңϾͰ豸㡣
豸ﻯģҲﻯ֮ȥ濪ʱרŹƵ㣬ȻͬнһЩרҵҽѧͬнվϵγ̳ۡ
οﻯΣѦ޵²Ҳȥﻯﻯ¼ʹȨ
ٶһ׶ԡ
ﻯѦ޵ôϣôӣЦݾ͸ӲˣѦڣⲻôһҲ棬úٸҲ١
Ҫ¼ƵֻﻯѦ޵µһڣ൱ϭġ
˵ϴθ˵ҪҰæǣͷһʽȨİţڵСܣ¼ƵΪ¶׼İɣ
ħԺǷǳŵԺУŲ١ҪƸļȨҲʲôҪٿѵزҴš
ϵĴ٣ֻʽĿչȨ⵹Ǽһˡ
£һĴڣ̫ðţﻯվǣͷѴƵԴ΢һ£ʱźðš
Ѧ޵һ˵϶СңԺﻯҪŪƵ飬ҲҪѦ޵µİﻯ϶ܾ
ֻǣﻯԼסԺõһЩϢ
ﻯһԾͰ˵ˣѦ㿴ʲôʽܲʲôʱпգڿ΢һأ
ٰʾܳɰ˽ǲҲëٲκϸڡﻯֻԼʡ
Ѧ޵µ˫ۿ˸һΣϴ飬ȷΪСܵȨ׼ġ
ɣ֮ǰҲʦ˵ˣС鷳ԾͲͷˡ
СҪʽڹ˾˽˿⣬ʽ֡ҵܼҲǰ˵
Ѧ޵ɫƽ˿൱Щź˵Ļȴ
εĳƺȻ֣Ҳﻯˣʱܳǿ԰ŵģﻯϴʵؾܾˣ϶ԼֶΣëˡ
һ뵽пкôˣɧҪ
ﻯ֪ʲôˣ˿Ѧ޵һ䱸ӣЦЦ˵Ѧ㻹ӣҺʲôƵġ
ҲôһšȥﻯЦЦҲҺѦ޵ض˵ɶ
꣬Ѧ޵ǿԻྺελõģʱﻯΪԼذܡΪѦ޵ô˵ҲԺʿѧʦͽڡ
˭֪ڹؼʱϰæ͸ƽֱӰѸ곤Ѧ޵¸ˡ
Ѧ޵ºﻯ⣬Ρ
Ҳܹµһελÿ϶Ѧ޵ĪʵҲܺ棬ڵѦ޵µЩʲô
ûлһµĿԣûϣҲǲѦ޵µĿԡ
֮ǰγΪ˰ܳëˣﻯˬ˺üҹǽЩʱգﻯ;ãϰܳɰŹѦ޵͵̵ģΪ˰ɱ
ټϴӲﻯȻģֻ
ֻûһƲܳôҲǸ꣬ǹǲı̬ʱȻסͻ۲Ķ̰塣
Ѧ޵æ˵˵ЦˣҶȻеġҲûΪʲôֵĵط
ͲʣΪ¼⣬ʲôأûеĻҾͻȥˣҶӽؼҳԷѦ޵˸
ûκȥﻯﻯûˣֶΣ֮ûΪϲæȻѦ޵Ҳϡ
ʦֻǸloser
ֻǣ޲䱸
ȻѦ޵ԼҲǽڣ۽磬ҲǷֲûġҲûиֵġ
뿪һµרƱʲôΣʲôΣиƨá
ԸһӲǿƵĴΣԺʿҲԲҲҪȥ΢ƵĴʼ֮һλá
ελãֻһʱ֮һʱ֮
µרƣû˵ǧţ꣬Ӧò⣡
ᣬѦ޵š塣
ﻯҪʲôԣҲԲһĲΣҪôҲԣ̫֣̫ˣҲû˿ҵģһ³
ﻯûԼĶ΢еʧѦ޵¸ɣٴš
˵ԭСԶҪþû⺢ˣлһԸ
õģллιġҵʱšѦ޵¾ܾ󣬲ڿ˽Ȼڡ
ڵѦ޵£ѾһЩᵭ֮ܶܶҡ
ǵʱ绰ϵ

Ǽպ
ﻯ귿ְѲٽнԼİ칫ңʵпѦǱʲô𣿡
ͺܳĹۡȾûġٰԼģ˵һ顣
һžЩҶԿõ罻ϣܹõ
ȻˣﻯǺ棬Ѧ޵ºǸСܣ˽¸ʲô
ΪʲôѦ޵»ôĵҪܳʽȨڸˣǰ볡룬ͻü
һʽȨ֮ǰû볡ĻôʱҶ֪ˣ¾ͺﻯûϵǿйϵֻΪǲˡ
Ѧ޵²ϿڣҲëҲûʲô紵ݶ
ﻯҲ޼ƿʩ˼һ̾һȻûʲôģǾͲ˰ɡÿ˶ÿ˵Եʻᡣ
ʱܳҪǹǿʱӰ쵽㣬Ծܾˡʱ򻼵ûʧѾǲҪˡ
ﻯϸϸһ󣬾ֵȥʲôˣԼԼģѴҶ֯һᡣ
پŶôǲΣȥһڵʲôɶأ
ΪپãһĹַλҲʲô˵顣
õģʦûȥϢһ£֣ڴǲ鷿ͺˡ˵֣ڣĸڡ
ţӦҲûĲҾͲ˰ɡﻯҲûིʲô
ڲ뿪֮ﻯֻЦЦֻеѦ޵»ôλá
뿴Լ׼Ѧ޵µ׼˭ӳһ㡣Լ׼ܲܳԺʿֵ֧Ѧ޵¡
ϸһ£òƣôҪ
Ѧ޵³˲ΣõҲȨԼ飬ԼģģҲû̫仯
ĲȨȻʵҲҶֻ΢Ļһһϵµˡ
λ鷳ģҶ顣
ֻǡ
ﻯȽĽѦ޵µģѦ޵µʦγڡ֮ǰγûѦ޵£Ѧ޵ԺʿʱγԻ᲻
ʱľʵҪģЩȫСС֣ʲôŶ

ﻯڰ칫΢һˡ
ﻯһȻ󿴵ŶģǸݸݵѦ޵¡
ˣﻯס˲֮룬Ȼվ˵Ѧ¿ֱӴҵ绰İ
ΰ칫ҡ߼ְư칫Һͨİ칫ҡ
ΰ칫һֻﻯ棬Ѧ޵µżڴ˽ʱ򣬻ʱ򣬽ں͸߶ڸ߼ְư칫ҡ
ﻯĿӭĲѦ޵µĿ
Ѧ޵µһըֻѦ޵Ц¼˹һ˵Σϴ˵Ҫ¼豸󰡣Ҿȥˡ
ýѾˣԾͰ̨ԭԭͻûռڴ档
㿴
Ѧ޵µһûռڴ棬ﻯ˰ءѦ޵׼ʱѾ¼ƵƵɾˡ
һרһ̨¼豸Ҫ
Ǯ࣬
ﻯҲָѦ޵£Ľڣְƣ´飬ʦԺʿǮôˣĪ˵¼ˣǮһ棬ﻯҲܲš
ﻯؽӹһţĿֿѦڣ£㻹һˣֱòٺëǶԽӾͿ˰
ʱĲ̫صġ
Ѧ޵Ҳ˵ƣ֮ͣëҪģѾͲٻˣѹƲסˣʱĨϵ
ⲻëëëӲȣͻ⣬Լ͡
ΣǧҪúõؼһ°豸ˣ߿֮ǰϣûжʧġԡѦ޵·ǳ˵
ȻﻯƷֵЩ󻰻Ҫ˵ǰͷȻﻯ˵ʲôϵˣǾ˵ˡ
ڵҪﻯ顣
ﻯ˵ãѦ޵»ǼҪĿ˾ϸµذƵ豸ڴ濨һ飬ٵõȷϢѦ޵뿪
һΣѦ޵µ뿪ﻯᵽһ˿̫ȻϢ
Ѧ޵εͻȻã䱸̫ǿˣ³
ǣѦ޵µʲôﻯͲ֪
ﻯܻţֲ֪òûţе㲻̫Ȼ
һȦΪԼӦҪסҪԻסˣҲҪɹġ
ԼõģʽȨԽԽ
ﻯҲܱߵɨһ£Ѧ޵µĺ«ﵽûҩõĴ𰸻ǣҶ
ϾﻯѦ޵µΰ㶼֪ڸ֪jibo
ңܳɵʽȨ£ﻯεзͬвſԣȻĻڣͺ
ﻯҲֻп˵˵ʵǵûбϿɣǱǲԸ˵ʵ
ǾԺģҲǴƵģﻯ֪ܲ
ﻯ治֪
Ϊʲô˿ɲܾԺ棬ﻯǰѦ޵½ھεʱ顣
ȻôܳɵʵΡ
ȻѦ޵½ڣﻯڣﻯΪħѧĸίԱܳɣһֿ֮ܳǰ¼Ƶ
˻ǺܸӣԸ⵱ܳһᣬƵ
ͿԲˣϾڲһƵȥĺӳ˲ҪϼһﻹҪƤġ
ȨԼ¸£Ҳ32ա

ӻܳߵʱܳɵĳһ˵ʵĵģԼȥƵ˸ˡ
Ϊˣרȥ˲ص·С˵׻ʲô⣬ȻӦԴʩܲܽһ¡
ʵǣó
˵ϣһѦ޵½ڣ֮£ЩɵġԼıʦԳ棬ΪԼƽĻ϶Ӽˡ
ȻܳҲǶʱ䣬ѿᵽȥģһûôྫǣɳ׷ħˣܳôҲҪħһʱ䡣
ˣʮͺˡ
ңҲǶԿԽԽȤˣ˶ܳĿ⣬˸˽⣬û䣬͵æһ־顣
Լ˵ˣⲻд֣ȫ̵ľ;飬Ժ󣬻øࡣ
ˣҲܹʣѧϰ̣һרƳֵٴľ޿ġ
ܳɾͱ˵ˡ
ٴȨӶˣ32աֻһڲʱˣܹȡȨôҸо΢еѡ
ҪͲȥ˰ɣܳɷϢ
֮ǰӦܳɣԵĻһҪܳʽȨʱ򣬸̨
ǣԤ㣬ʱӦ·ȥˣûôס
Ͼ¼꣬ԤھҪµѮֻǣ֪ΪΣѦ޵½Ǿ˵ѧˣʽȨʱǰˡ
ϢʱӸתȥԤҵ·ϡ
֮ǰΪ˸ԼȡֲĻᣬѾתȥ۵ĸңרŴһЩѴˣۻ
ҳֺá
ǣȻۣǺܶˣҲһ˵ʼĸ࣬ܿͳɳһС֣ڸͳȫֵƵһλڵϲ
Ѱ֮ǰλʦ˹
ⲻʹȥԤˡ
ԤֿҲӲˣתǰΪ˼ӿתġ
ͻ˵ʦ֣ȥԤҵ·ϡ
Ҿҿȡһ£ڵĴʦƵĸΡĿѶȣΪ϶û⡣
ظ
Ȼ͸ӶʮˣֻʲãԲ
ڵİȻûбÿ罻ţ֢ߣҲ΢ʺ˺ܶ࣬˺ܶˣܹǳȻǴкˡ
ɲǶʱ䣬͸оԼ˵Ħ̻̲һ
ңѧϰԽ룬Խ˽⵽ˣҽҽ֮࣬ͦġ
ڸŵڣȻֻƵĸΣ⣬˵кܶյĲˣһˣ˻
͵һѪѪѹ͵60/30mmHgҲ˻ʱĲȫĸ㡣
ֻǰĿǰΪֹû
յǰ̵Ľڵ˵ǣһȦյľأҽһаٷ֮ʮʧΡ
ѧϰΧܸߣŨ
λҲԸ̣رڴֻǸоҴ̵˶ʿʦûвʸ͸Ӹˡ
˵ĵͼ˫ۣһʦϺõһ㣬ġ
õģʦϽתͷȻĿһУʹ֪ʶѰĵͼ
״īɫͫ΢΢ſȻʦǣ
Ҫվ
̵Ľھѹȥû£ֻǸ߼Ѫ֢U

߼Ѫ֢ܹҪİʦ

ڣһԤҵĹ󣬰Լֱ۲ϵˣ˿ſruaȦȦ
Ĵ̽ڿһĻǳۡο࣬ȶѻӰ쵽
ȫҪܣ׵Ҫ뵽׵ܼ϶Ǵõģ̫ӲĻ׳¡
ǰСӣǸ˰죬Ϊ̽ĵߣѿ֮һԤ񶼽ˣʮ̨
һ˶ʮһ̨Ͳ֪۵ġ
ͺǽԼһܻԼô
֪ˣ
ʦûϵҾûã϶Ӱ쵽Ĳġ˶Ȼۣ
ʵʱǷǳŵģңʣ۵ζһܡ
οڵѾôˣúһ£ѧϰĻǹѾеʡ
ڵʣﵽĳ̶ȣȲԶˣҵö໨Щʱǡ
ԼĴ㡣
ԣҲûԼʦԼҪ
ŰЦݣģѧϰƣѧЦݣڵĴˡ
̲סͷһֳ硣
ֻĸ߶ȺͰ࣬ӿ
ҲòʣͣﶯȥϢɣ϶Ե㣬ѧ˼ʣ㿴ݵһ
ϻصʦˡ
ħ֮1ˣǰ101.11Ѿ102.25ˣ
ԼأǼΪеģΪʵǱȽϲԶˡ
̾ܵ˷㻹֣ڵBMI17.2ң㶼ڹһˣߣһһһٶڽء
Ҫ˵ʲôʦ˵ҼҹBMIСʮˣҶֱӿģһɲܡ
⻰Ͳٶ˵ʲôˣֻ͵͵صƤͷ
ȻԼĴʦ֮󣬸ܳɷظʦ֣ԧϻ͵ˡ
ɡ
ǰ漸ܳһģܳɱ㽨ȥԸӷЩãڼʵӽʡʱ䡣
ΪҪճʱ俴飬ڿúջǰһٱһǧࡣ
ţΪûܳɵǣ͵͵һ̣󷹣ʱĶڿѧϰ
ȥѾˡ
ܳģ˼·ΪûģǸʵĻģͣЩʲôڣȻǿδ״̬
Ļظܳԥһ󣬾˵аɣȥ˰
˼άܳ濴ԣȥԸӱЩҲ㣬˷ʱ䣬Ҳ֪ôġ
ǣһ仯ܳɷǳϲ
ʱ֮ûкκŪֻĬĬѧϰѧϰϻѵʱ䣬һЩˣżܳ賿ģʱ򣬶ῴǱߵĵƻš
ţܳзֵģסķӵ鷿Ĵԡ
ɰĻظǣÿʮһ˯ˡ
Ǹƭӡ
һһϸھǣ鷿ĵƣÿʮͻϨȻʮһʮֻ׼ʱʲôʱܳɶ֪
ҲûͰȥֻż״̬õġԾû˵ܳɴҰġ
ΪʲôΪͶ

ҶѾˣʦ֣Ȼֱӹͺˡ
ڻڴСԼûԾССһѣҺ󣬾ֱͣҵԼĳֱӿصԼС¥µͣ
ֻҪʮӵʱ䣡
ܳļϰŵԧ̻ЩƷʱʱ;˵ǰѻĹֱӰ˰ɣ
ЩϣֱӴɽǷɹģֳģר˲ҵõĹס
ȻЩţ⣬Ҳǿ˹ģÿһȥ磬ͺʡħкܶгҸġһһܣЦҲܿġ
ڵǰĿġҲ˺ܶࡣ
ҽ׬ˡ
ȳףôһ˫꣬Ȼ˵ѾкܾúܾûԻˡ
ţ̳һͿԳԣܳɺͰѧҽģٻϣȻӰڸУٰȫ
ȥܳɾ;ãɽǵĹףһĸоζըܡ
ܳԼûȥɽǣζʡħԹĻڡ
˵ͷЦЦ˵ҾԻθġ
Ȼֺʵϵһ⡣
Ǹθͱ˵ˣֻ֮ǰ̫̰죬ãЩ
ңԻûֿ̫ģʲôζģǻOK
ûػֻǵһ̣ܳҲ׼ϣ̣ܳǰֵʱϲȵһƿװϣŹȡ
ñͺˬ
Ե˰뱥ܳɲ˵زˣʰ㿴֮ǰ㷢ϢûҾĴʦûǸ˼Ļ
ͱƴˣϵĲ˯찾ţ岻á
ڳ⣬ܳɵĻˣͬǱβ͵è¶ÿ춼˯˰
û˯ô磬żǱߵĵšȻҪ뵽δؾҪҽķʽҪǿȫϸڡ
ǸҪġ
ֻܳ˵ţȴֱؿܳɣе˼
ܳһ˵úúãҲȰˣ㲻ٰҹɣѧϰǹ֧Ļʵǲġ
˵ǿδأЩʱܹ֧㹻ĻرͦģһĻرò
оֹǰУܳԼҲС
ǰָҵʱϣܹͨԼŬʱǾ
Ҳûãܳɵ˶ԣֵǮأ
ԣܳɾͷ˼Ͱ⣬ǸĿʣ˵ԤҰҵǸҽ
˵ԤҿɲѧܽĚGܳǹʵģΪðóɾ͸УøЩ
ЦЦᣬܿͷأҪҴ̵ʦƵĸΣȥĵطȽϺá
ô˵ʱﻹǰ
վǱǰǸӣֵԼǺˣ츳ܺˣҪһ͹۵ģԼԭ
Ȼڵİ֪ǿǫһ£Ҳǵܳ棬ý
ǰİ϶ڵԼˡ
ңܼǵ뵽ı΢ȻȻػһԱȻˣϰȻδܸı䡣
ԵĶ󣬾ڵԼȻˡ

ܳɺͰ죬Ȼƽϵֻ𶯡
ܳɵġ
ܳɺȻ˳ֽͨΪͣԷ͸ĳģʽ
ι硣ʾë
Сܣҡ
ģвٵˣ˽ң˵ϣ֮ǰ¼ƵĲƵȨǽѧƵ
ڵĽ˵ʲô˼أҾóۻԡѦ޵˵ʱ
ܳɾע⵽ˣԼ棬ǸŮüͷʶһ壬չ
ʵǸͦǿĹѽʲôҪͱ˱һ¡
Ҳͦʵġ
ܳɾͻ˵Ѧڣһؾɣһ¼ƵЩƵá
ãø˿ܳɵʵԣǲܳɵ۷壬ԲǹõģҪȥѧزģܳɾû΢˵
ܳ⻰ȴѶѦ޵µĲӸסˡ
G
ЩƵãƺǲԼƵģظһ顣


ڶʮһ Ͳ
ܳϸ˼˰ӣԼԼĿѦڣƵѧвġѦתؾ
۾һֱܳɵɫ仯ֻǼ²ܳɷ·ȥϵɬš
ʱ̶ԼʦְҽԺദҪͿܳɣѦ޵ħԺĽǰԼˡ
Щ仯Ȼϸ΢Ҫܶĵ͹ġ
ʺһ֣͹۳أҲҪǵĵ㡣
ţͿѦ޵µ΢еֵعҶϵ绰аɣߣоܾȨ޵ġ
Ѧ޵¹ҶϵΪϣת൱ӲǱס˺
һħԺĽڣܱܳԱܳϷΪܳɵһ򹷣ոյȻ⣬Ҳ϶Լġ
ʣѦ˵ģΪβͬأ
Ƶǿ͹۵ģԸ⹺˵Ըǿ϶Ѿͼֵġ
ܶ˼ܳɵ뷨Ͼܳɲԣѹߡ
Ϸ죬֮ãҪܾ
ܳЦЦ˵ﵽԼΪǮҲĵĻȻʹӦˡڻûУҼﲻԣҲûбҪǮ
ᱻġ
ȥ˾֮Ƶ˵ദУܳѧ˺ܶණоͰһ˲滮ԼѧϰҲʲôǮ׬ʲôǮ׬
ڵܳͬ˽ЩƵۣһʱ䣬öãܳɾܹõ໹ꡣ
˵ʽӪģʽѧ򣬲ʣƷġ
ܳ˾ҲͲˡ⼸죬ѧˣЩ⣬ʿɶֹرǶܳɵĺȣʱ浽һ̶ȾѧửϾš
ǽ׵
ʱǵԼҪ׷ܳɣҲҪʱ
ٲңɼġ
ֶ˵⣬˻⣺ʦ֣ڵĿ⣬׼ôˣְƷ˲𣿡
ͬҲ̽Լĵ绰׺òʹû䵽ʵ
ܳֻŲһСλãΪ²ϣֻҪṩƷԾˣĩ˲ʵĹ˾һõ˲ϡ
һ罻˲ϣڶ͸˻ӦȨ˵ǲһˡȻģҲ죬߮ͻ棬ȥһְʼʵ顣
ߵĻڵȾԺѧ֮󣬹ҾܹõȨˣȻͿʽʼˡ
˳ߵúܿ죬ͷˣֻǸոֽܳĲŽжʵ飬ٴȴѧͿʼ
ʣڶĽû֮ǰְǿʱĶѻµĸıû취ȷģҪ𣿡
ְǿȣڲԵʱǴģŸҲꡣ
Ƿ֮أڵڻȫһġ
£һ֮أ᲻ϣ᲻Σ
ΪʲôҽеѣֺܹΪеĴɱ̫ˡ
ʵ֪ʶ̬⣬ܳɸ˽ͣ˵еҩƷͬǣҩƷǳģеһǶƷ
ƾǳʱӴĶԻ߶Զѵ⡣
Щ;ǰٴ֤ٴʮӦʷǲҪ֤ġ
ڸְǿȺ͸ְǷϵ⣬ЩգǰдԼҲԸܣҲǮǰ£ǿеģ൱ǼӴ˿ٴɱ
ţ޺ԭһ̶ȵĿɿطգǿðġ
εе͵ĲϣܳɶһСппλڹ̶ĸְеֻԭеϵĶδ¡
ٴ飬һܿص΢иһЩ
ҲͲ˵ʲôˣͶߣܳɵĺѣȨ༯ŵĹүǿ϶ǲʽġ
Ǯ£ڲӻ߸ǰ£Ḷ̌Ҳǿġ
һֵڣǮԽͲ⣬һ֣Ǯ⡣
˵ͷܳɵƺ˼άһ⣬һֱܳһҪҪæģһʳ
ǵ͸ְ壬һ֮󣬻᲻ܿ챻˵߰
費Ҫ汨һ£Ӵһ¼ȣһǳʽЧĽ
ܳɾ͵͸ð죬е治߼ѧ˼ˣȥֵ֧棬ǼȥˣҲֻСһѡ
ûʲôģҪҰŴ󣬷ŵøӳԶĻڵг͹гҪġ
ϲ棬Ȩʶ⣬һֱڣѾǿ˼ܣ©֮㡣
еС˵˵еܻҲ˵ֱܹӿչҪӦе
ȻܳɶԣõĻռ
еǲǵ棬ӬӪЩͽȨȥɡ
ܹԸʱģֻʱʱӲпҲֻʱ
϶ʱķʽЩ˸
ܳô˵ˣֵͷȥ
÷һ֣ˣΪģԼҰܳɸߣܹȣҲܳɸ̡
ǣҰǱȽƫԼļͥˡ
ЩǹٷˣһЧķʽϷ϶Ч

ʮӺ
ܳɾöѾа˷ֱͷ˿ӣܳɵ˷ֱʱѾ쵽ʮһֱˡ
ΪչܳǡˡӣΪˣǰ¿ӲܳɳԱ¿Ӻˡ
ʰɡܳվ˵
͵òã̫̣ȴʰӸɾȻСĵ룬ʣµЩ̣ɾġ
ûʲôʰģô㶫һ˾Ϳˣ˶˻Ųʦ֣΢ʳɡһվʰһ˵
ܳɿռ䣬ҲرʰĶҲȷܶࡣ
Ůв㣬СĿռ꣬в㡣
΢һʰˣԧͷ棬ûʰֽʱܳɾע⵽ֺͮͮġ
ֺ첻ֺĺ죬Ǳ̵˻Ǳ˵ֺ졣
֪ƽ½úܣû񣬷Ļһ˵ϴɳɲ
ǰǰ˽£ܳɲöʡܳɽž˵ȥɢ𣿳̫ˣʳ
е⶯ģܳɵ룬вס
ǿסĵĳ嶯ҡͷܣҾͲȥ˰ɡеۣڼϢһ
ҪԼڵĴʦ߹ϵܳԺġáܳȨʱҽҪŬĵġ
ûܹλһ㾪ϲ
ܳɾ˵˵Ļɢ˶ڶѻֽġɢڹؽڵչɢУܹȫСؽڡ
ΪһǿҽܹΪɾҪڼƽǲܵġ
ܳʵ밲΢Ϣһ£ʱĿ۾Ļġ
ܳЦЦһҲɾܾˣʵҲǺܳһȥߵġ
ԣ͵ͷЦƵ˵ʦ֣ǹǿҽֲ
ܳЦЦû˵Һ̸ѧ

СȦȦ5kmˡ
Ȼ͸ظңҸ衣
ܳɻصĵһʱ䣬͵͵ؿһ۰סķӵ鷿Ȼ
ҡҡͷҲ֪ԼΪǶǴ
ʱڰԣɵɵģǵĹһӣѧϰֻǵһְúǲʵȰѧϰѧԼ֪ĹߣҪҸöࡣ
˵ֵܿˣǶ鲻ࡣ
˵鲻ֵˣǻôˡ
ĶпҲʹ࣬ڿš
ܳʵϲԼҺ֧˵ĸоֻ֮ǰڿĺĵʱеۡ
ûʧԼ׶αȽ϶һ״̬ɡ
ܳҡҡͷȻź͹滮
Ȼǰǰ·ǳƽ̹ʵȻʮֱܳһૣһڱʼǱд潻ĸ֡
ôʶͲ֣Ĳ໥ˡ
ڵܳɣʵںѦ޵½ڣӦ˵γԺʿһ֪ȼ潻
ҪٴĲԴһҪһƽ̨
ħԺѦ޵½ڣṩƽ̨ͲԴĹؼɣѦ޵½ڱվŵģγԺʿ
Ȼкôܳ˿֮󣬿˫գħԺȻҲˡ
ĵȼ۽ǰ£֮ܳȻɾǡ
ܳɵȨҲãǲԴҲãѦ޵½ģܳûκεȨҲû취ɸѡ
ľ£ܳɾ͸֪Ѧ޵µ׻᲻ȻѦ޵½ڵƷֵεģܳɻҪĵñӵ׼ġ
ⲻܳɱô룬ڰҽԺʱ򣬶Բ̶ƶεġ
ħ֮Ȼˡ
ħ֮γתͰˡҲʱܳע⵽ˣ˶ǲ̶ơ
ܹڰҽԺ̶ôεˣĸ
ˣܳǲⴧκ˵ĶĴġͼ˵һѦ޵½ڣڱͱһĻȥȥӦԣ
Щ⣬ܳѾȨ߮۹ҲһĽ˼·
ܳɾԼĿǰΪĳߣҪ˼һµģúõһԼеĸԴ
УҲǿõԴ֮һ
֮ܳɵ˵˴һģ½ʦ˾ɶ˰ҲΪҾ˲ٵԴԺʿɽ
ôҲҪڹؼʱ̶סô飬һ˿Ű
üһ½ǬȥĴ󵨵ظɣṩġ
ܳɶѾѿƵڣ绰΢šʼһû
ѵ½ǬݾԼĿ⻹Ҫ
û֧ŲסĵزܳɵҲǲȥ鷳½ǬݣҪΪ飬˵ԼҪ½ǬݵĺķŬĻ
ôԼ⣬һǳҪء
½ǬڹⶼܻķˮôĲҵԼһⶼ֧ⲻǻʲôʸЩ

ʱƣˮʯܳɾͷ֣Լ֮ǰĿǣƺеɡ
ڶĩһ죬ҲڼʽȨǰ죬Ѧ޵½ǰܳɴίǵǰ
֮Уȫǽڣһʮˡ
Уħ
棬ﻯڣܳΨһʶģħ֪ҽԺΡ
ħԺ𡢻ɽɽ
ˣҲͷ
һˮ̶һЭһһɽҽԺ
Ѧ޵½Լˣеί
̣ʱܳ΢ˣѦ޵½ڣŸһɻؿһﻯ֪ﻯ⵽ڸʲôá
ܳɶһһʶҲʶһҽԺĽڣ֮ǰܳʡǿʱ򣬾ʶ˵ĳ¼ڡ
ԣںͳ¼ڴкʱܳɶЩ½ãܸ˺ټ档
¼䵱ȻǶܳӡģЦ˵һ֣Ҿ֪㡣һ룬ħԺ㲻ǱħԺ
Ȼֵʱ򣬾˰
¼ôһ˾ͷ׷׺½ڣСܣ㻹ʶ
ôʡʶأ
¼󷽷˵ʶôʶ
ʶСܵʱʡĹǿᣬʱ򣬻ϴѧҽԺĶֽڣڸСܰźIIIȨ顣
ǡ
¼žͲϸ̽ˣ֮ǰʡϴѧҽԺйϵôħԺĹ£ǾͲҪ̽˿
¼˵ǾͲ˰Ĳ˵²ĸ£СյõIIIȨޣҪƸʽȨޡ
ٶȣҪ찡
ܳɾǿԱЦȻû֮ǰڹǿʱô΢˵Ƕлл½Ĵڵ࣬ڵҡ
ܳɴӳ¼ѧ˲ٵģ˼·Ұô˵ҲΥġ
ܳ¼ʶ飬ҲǳﻯںѦ޵½ڶԤ֮⡣
ܳɺͼڶһһѦ޵¾ͳհܳ˲ȥˣﻯڵ˽ദʱ䣬ҲǸܳɽԼ˼ǡ
ܳɣεţеҲе᲻ѹȻӰ쵽㷢ӣѦ޵µһʱʡ
ܳĿɬһЦһصѦڣ֪һţΪҪôЩĽأ
˵ʵţǲܵġ
ңЩ˸һһˡ
Ѧ޵½صСܣЩڣ϶ΰŵģ˵ǷҪϵһЩĽڣһ֤
ұΪǶһЩħΣû뵽θ̣ôҾͿ¡
еİţҵĿⰲź͹滮
ƺеѦ޵µİţѦ޵˽ܳɴкСҲȱ𼱣ҵȻȥЩڵô¡
ҷ鲻̫ԾһȡεȨֳʲô£ﻯԼȥ򵥡
Ѧ޵ڸܳflagˣҲ˺ġ
ܳݻҲеࡣ
־棬㶼ܹҲȥˣһɶ˵ģֻ˵Ѧ㹻˹ĸҽӡ
ֻܹ˵ĽڣܳɹƲࡣ

һߡ
¼˾ͰﻯΧȻһΪʳ⣺ڣԺһΣǺ«ʲôҩ
һӸộҪﰡ
ҾùԺһΣ϶׼˺õϷĻ
ﻯ˿̣ʵ΢еﻢ£Ϊء
΢ִģֻǣˣǻһڣǳ¼䣬ǻˮ̶ҽԺһڣǻˮ̶ҽԺƵΡ
ﻯ֮ԻʡˣʵԼ׳ƣǣﻯûЩԼɵġ
Ūɳ׾˰ˣÿ˶
ħ⼸λڣҲǵλ൱ģеλߵġ
ħԺĴΣǿƴΡ
ҽԺǴƵΣǹǿƴΣѧĽ鳤ƴΣȻͳƵʱûʵȨͳܽѧʱ޵С
ԺƴΣѧ鳤ڹǿơ
ɽҽԺҲΡ
ﻯ֪Щ˵ʱҲ˵ġˣҲܰ˸߰
Ǿѧˮ̶ڣﻯЦأڣ˵ЦˣǾСС֣ʲô
ίɽƥΪʲô˻㣿޽أɰ޽أ
TMȨѹˣѹڿȻԼħǰɣ
没ǲͨ绰ģ˾岻ѵӣ
ﻯĴǣЩˣҵĽڳѦ޵½ڵ֮⣬֮УѦ޵¾΢ЩȻһʧˣô㡣
һͿǰ֪Ѧ޵µʲôôֵ֧ģֻΪ֪֪ˣҶҪģֲʧɶ
ƣѦ޵ûʲôȦɵĿ⣬զ죿
ЩεԺ򵥵Ĺ۸ְڹ̶
ôﻯԺȦҪˣԼԼЩˣǴƵĴУҽѧᴴƷֻ棬ίίίԱˡ
ۻʱһ䣬֪ﻯǸȡ
ħԺǸﻯ£Ҫǹȥпλڹ̶ħԺĸְϵһ
ʱ˸λڵ۾ҪֲźðﻯϽΪԼԱŬ
Ϊʲộ
ﻯ֪֪϶Ѿû·ˡ
ģĸʡĽͬʱ٣Ĺɺϡħ˾Ժ֮ҽԺΣʱ䣬TMһеõۡ
ţʡڵĴУﻯǶģ⣬ԺҪħ죬һǴƵģЩж֪
ǲʣﻯ֪ǿûʱ䣬Ծ֪ͨڡ
ʱ䣬ǰ͵ˡ
R
ﻯͷƤˣԼֻǰ֪һѦ޵ʲôΪʲôֳӣ
˭ҽһ£

ûС
ῪЦʱ򻹲׾ɽһͷͱʾԼŵ˼
¼Ҳˡ
ڣû㵽ʲô
˵ֻСС֣ϰĴƴжħԺͳԷİˡ
ǿᶼûô룬˵СС֣
˭ţ
˭˭ţǲŵġ
ûɵӣħļλҲǲı飬ֻﻯЦЦȻ˵
ﻯʱץץͲķҰ˰ͷҲ֪ν͡
Ϊһ֪ѧҽԺĽڣһѧҽԺΣǶˣҲǴҲ
λڣ컹ǰ棬໥ʶһ£컹ҪλڣҪ̫ں˼ƽϣ΢̧һ¡ﻯٰѻ
⣬ﻯѾܲôˣˣǰҪѺû˵λ
һᣬʵڣҲҪһЩʡ
ϾкѹʽУǲ˺ܶεġ
˵¼ھ͵˵СҼʶ֮ǰIIIʱֱܾޡ
ҾʽȨҪĻֵڴģпܻᱻ޵
¼⻰˶Ȥ
ܹ½ڳΪ޵ˣƺŶ˵ɽѧҽԺĽڣϡա
ɽͿЦ˵˵ˣǣҲû½ڿܶΰ
ǰҺͳ½ڵͬѧʱֱ͡
ɽЦǻȥ˻ˮ̶ģҺͳ¼ͬѧǴʡˣʡǱ;һͷ
ִʱ˵һ˵Ҳ˵档
¼ھЦЦ˵ԺҪعͷ鷳ˣԺڻȦ첻ȥ˵ĻϣλϸܹӼһ¡
ЦǱȺɽǴƵΣǻˮ̶һԺߡ
ɽʹ˳¼һ£㽲Ŷ
Ц䣬ܳɺѦ޵½ھˣﻯڻڻмǻţͿѦ޵¶Ķ뾯档
΢еˡ
Ѧ޵½ھͶ˾Ʊ˵˼˼ʹˣ׿ˮϣûŵλڵ°ܳɣٴһһʶһ¸λڡ
Ѧ޵»ҵģһȦʵϵֱӸɵһݾƱܳҲȵĲࡣ
󣬾͸ϽܳɺѦ޵¶ȵ̣ѹһѹٳԲӣﻯŷӦҲʼԼ֮á
Ʒ󣬴һȦ
ﻯʽشԺӭλڵĵ¼ҲҰڼӣΪﻯⳡĺʽԾֻǰﻯ֮ǰĻǫ顣
ΪﻯĶ
ţֻؾ˹
ﻯٲûﻯǰʱǰʹùϵǼõ顣
ﻯɬʵѹͲ֪ᷢʲô
òװ˾ƾֽ
ﻯѦ޵ڶԶĽڰźãħĽڣͻؼҵͻؼҺ󣬾ˡ
һʱѦ޵¾ɫһ΢ʣΣǸɶôˣɽ¼Ͻˣ
ֻһʽȨʽѰħһЩ˾ͺѽ
ΪҪộ
Ѧ޵µʣﻯͽͣѦڣ˵Ҳ֪ΪЩڻ𣿡
Ѧ޵µʱҡҡͷΣ㲻ȥ룬ǻͷ𣿡
Ѧ޵½ֲ˵ǳϴҿ϶ҪȥҲûϸСܡ
Ҿƾ֣Сˡ
ǣʹС֮СܲԸ⵱ôڵĻԱ㣡
ܳҪӣ
ﻯɫ͵һ䣬Ѧ޵£Ѧڣ⻰ʲô˼в𣿡
Ѧ޵ЦЦ˵Σ˵ôûܰסĺûᡣԺܱǸһ㣬ʵޡ
ЦѦ޵¾̣ĶС
ﻯҪȥ£ҽӲӣҵ£Ӷ˵㡣ȻѦ޵ﻹһ䡣
ȥTôģ
Ѧ޵Ҳûﻯִﻯһģ֣˦ӵġ
źݻʲô壬֮䣬ͨͽ飬ҪҪΪκΪʱ׼
Ѧ޵ˡ
ﻯʯס˼⡣
һ֣ȫϣԣܻţڹ־͵ǰˣҲ˵ڡ
ϾˣԼеġ
룬ﻯֻܻص˼֮žƣȥϵļл
ϸûڼң˵绰ﻯð£ûκιϵ
ϸʣﻯã
ε¼ƶߣڹڣңˣҲԶϼһò
Ҳ˵ûԼС飬Ҳûộôѹ
ܳɲԸٽȨʽԸⳡ־ĻﻯԼɡ
ﻯеΡΡشϵſڻˣ΢һ˿˿Ŀֻš
ʵҲô£ǣϵжԣʵǸõһֹޡ
ΪһλλԺʿȥԸգк³
Ȼڵ֪ˣºûϵȴǣ⼸λһˡ
Ĺǿƣʮ𶥼컨壬ȫء
һм˳棬ﻯǺ亹
ν⿪ǰľ棬û𰸣Ҳûԣﻯ취Լ⿪
ʵҲ򵥣ܳɼӲͷƤϡ
ǣֱһ̨΢µ˿͵ˡ
߾ǣԼʦȥʽ취
·߲˵ġ
ﻯĶʦѾţȥǱ߰
òƿеģֻеһ˰ֻǸôȥ˵ܳأ
ǿ϶С
ңﻯĲ֪ԭܳɱȻô


ڶʮ ǳרҵ
ﻯûرżΪڵľ滹ûеû·ľ
ϵıܶﻯ֮飬Ԥ֮СӦ棬֪շչ򾿾Ρ
ֻħƴ˰뱲ӣӶʱͿʼʼһ·ڣελãﻯ飬١
ʦСҲվޣӢšؼʱȫǿԼƴġ
˿ѾͣʵȻ
ħһħõĳУÿһѧƣĽڡ
һûԺʿ鹣վǻᵹģһܿ쵹
ﻯڹ鵽ҺԼӽ˽͹ͨѾȥ˹о˲ŵ
ʱ򻹲˯𣿡ﻯʣȻף̽һ·¶ȣǷʺ˯¶
Ѿݣܾ˷Ƹż
ʮݵɷҵȴﵽһ۷ڣúõΪԼϹúԮ
Ϊʮ꣬㿪ʼ𲽵ҽʮʱʵŹ˶ʮꡣ
ʮĲʿѧʿѧλȻҪµĳ̶ȣһֱܿˣһѹϵؼңҲл
һЩ£һ˯ɡﻯΪᣬȻּ˴⣬¶豭
ʮ֮ǰϲȣϲִ̼ζ
ʮ֮ﻯʼ˲衣
ʮ꿪ʼﻯʼϲ˶ʱżһ̣飬ôűǿ棬ѬһѬ
̳ʵʣ˼άƮɢ
˿ħԺĽڣ۷յˡ
һףڣһжˡ
浽һʱͻ֣ᷢѾһȺͽͽˣԣ㻹ܵ£ȻĻѧͻᾭһС
ҲԺظѣһЩѧб¸ģΪ㲻˸ˡ
ǣ͵Ŵ飬ȥΣΣȥԺԼͽͽǸ֦Ҷï
ǣ˶ֻ֪صһܹȹ
һ鹣ģһɢɳ
ֻǣΣǲڵ˾
ҵΣǿ
ħеҽѧίԱħе˾
ﻯܿˣ£ʵغֻ֣澡ʧ˶ѡ
û취ڹⲼ֣Լɽ𻢵ɽ
Ѧ޵ûԼ˵ܳɱܹɽ𻢵ˣγϣҲûԼҲûС
ôؿԼȥײ
ҪôһɽĻ˭пܣﻯпܣѦ޵Ҳпܡ
ﻯݺݵһڲ֮˵ϣҷˣ𲼾֣̬˺ܶǸλãҾͲˡ
ʱ֪ѶˣδزһҸﻯžͰѲˮһ
ѾʧȥеȨȨȫѦ޵ºϵˣֻҪһֶΣԼһеˣǻôȥ
ԼܹԽγԽѦ޵ȥܳɱҪμʽȨô
ᡣ
һʼʵﻯֻ֪ܳɺѦ޵ʲôȻ󿴿ܲ͵ʲôôȴͳ档

ܳɰרŵݸ֪߮ʱţƺͽ߮綼ŵˡ
ո˵ɶ
ЩȨ߮ʱ߮籾ֵġ
ѧˮ̶ҽԺĴΣڣЭҽԺĴΣҽѧԺҽԺΡɽѧҽԺĴƵΡ
ħܳΪ߮ǲ֪Щ˵ݣֱֻ˵˽ǵְơ
ǽѧְƣǿ϶ǲ˵˰
ݣĿǰ컨弶ˡ
߮ҲࣺЩˣ˭ģǶըԱǰɣ
ܳĪը
߮˵Ŷըһ֯܌š
ⲻҪԼôİĹ滮õȨȻذѿ֮ڹڷչгġ
֪գһЩκͽǿǵĿ⣬϶ܲʱȨҲһڳԲôгɡ
г磬ӰȨרȨġ
߮˼ܶ࣬ܵɿ⣬ǰ֪ˣʱרȨûȫ̫Ĺʱ볡
϶ȨһҶ󰡡
ŷջʲô˭ã
ҵĵ⣬ôͬʱ֣ҿ϶ᱩ¶ԼĿ⡣ǶԣĲҪ˭Ͷʣν
ǣǶԣרȨͶʣֻǹڵҵȻóƤԣҲ㰡ڱҪʱһܾʽȨ
úȨһǼ£ܳɲöרȨ
ٴ飬ڲƷߵʱ䣬ҲȨͶĳɱͶʷգ
ҲҴӸ˲棬Ⲣ֧ġ
ңԸҲרй⡣ʱ䣬⡣߮Լ
죬ˣ߮סС¥£Ž
Ȩ
򿪺Ȩܿ͵ˣ߮翴˵󣬾˵ҵ˷ݵģӦùˡ
Ȼܳ˵߮߸Ķʵ飬Ѿˣĥ΢ôϽе顣
ȻҪдС˵ÿ¸ȫ
ܳҲǰѽһ飬˵ǰʱȨֺǣΪнڣǾԴ
ƽҪôڣ಻װǹ˾ڼͻƣ޲ðЩƵĴͻȫС
ܳɵһȨ̬ͱʽ
Ȼ˵ܳɸ磬˵˵ߣһĿ
ˣӵġߣЩǲ֪飬ԣǹ˾ҸףҲţҲһЩɷݡ
ԣʵڵʽ𣬺ܳ㣬ҲԺֻܹҪг
ֻǳ⼸ҴҽԺ⣡
Ȩδ½ǬݵǣΪ¸˵֮žϵ½Ǭݡ
ڵڶ죬Լ³ҽеһ飬һȨҪͽӴ򣬾ܳɺڵĿ⣬ڹĻȨҪˡ
ýӲס
ȻȨҲôСˣʣٴĻ׶ΣҪмָͲ˷ȥܹӮô
µеһ֣µٴһôҪͶ룬Ͳֻеôˡ
е˾һ̶ϣҪṩֵ֧ġٻҪָñ֪ЩôãҪôãǺõƷƷ
ܳɼȨθô󣬾ֽ͵ȨӣˣĿһй֮󣬾пܴ˾³ĿԣҪǴ̨ô
Ȩĵ˵ͷڹڴֲ£ǻռ˾ԵƣǿԷƺ͸ưרȨ˾С
һǲءһƣǾֱӿʼǵҩƷרȥģ˵֧ܰȵȵе
Ȩһƹˤ
ðɣվĽǶȲһ˼άҲһȨӴ棬ǲ̫һԣܳ벻ôΪص˼ķʽġ
ŵĲ´ЬģòҲ˰
ܳɾ͵ǼȻҶ˵ˣҾͽ˰Ҫÿܻҵ׼
ʵҲУЩѧҽԺĽڣ˹͵͵ȥ͹˽ӴƵĿ⣬ҾͰԡıǩ׼ˡ
ʱ򣬻Ϊ˾һء
Ȩ볡ʱ䲻ĵǺݵĺܰ
ܳɲϲȨ˼άüȨӣòҪɣΪƣҶв׵ĵط
ִʵʵĲɱ
˽˽ġ
ۼģ޺ˣûرȫû˽ĵģܳԼˡֻ˽дСҪܳΪȥ£ġ
ֻǿЦܳɸ硣ȨЦЦ
֪߮ͨȨʱ򣬾͵ԺܿҲˣ˸õĽ취־ͺܿһ䡣
˷ݵܿͱȨ˸ˣȨ²ۣģô㡣Ҫ᲻õ㶫ǰҽ
ţָ߰²۷ʽͺ֮ǰ߮ڿɱĳ档
߮ǼôȨRMB
߮޹˵ȥ̼ȥصضһ˷ݵģ˭֪ô١
θ̫˰ɣҺܳɶԵúúõġеȨҲ
УûĹʣһϰĹʣҵķǮҲûϵ߮ڵҲ֧
ΪֿˣǼʹ飬ˣȴ޿κεͻںޡ
оǣǵ֪֮ϵĸӺ֮ɫ߮飬ӳ졣
ӸЦǣ˴绰߮˵ܲǩ½飬ԸǮİ
ֱ߮˵һһҪİ
ĸڡ
֣߮ǵ󣬲˵ģǶԷ֧˵֡
ֱӰѶԷˣȻ󣬻ţֱ߮ӰԼ˵ɷݽͼ˶Է
Ȼ˾еźж߮ɹܲô࣬ڵȻǵãŶʮ꣬ʮ꣬磬ֶûС
ƾʲôҪǵʣƾʲôҪ˴ˣ
Ȼ߮ҲʶԼ֮ǰĲԣԣԺҲǽӴ
ǣüصˣҪصģ
٣Ǹ˸صĻᡣ
ҡȨ߮ôֱӵﲻޣ룬Ҳʵ߮㣬ӡ
Ȩ߮û취ǮҲ࣬ҲԲƸɡ
ҵĲŻ㲻أҪҿԲΪѧġ
ǵģ߮Ū黳Ϊввơ
ȨֻŪԼĲƻˡ
Ӳһ飬ȨǲģڰæķϣƽϣȻĻǺԸһúġ
Ȩа취߮ģֱȥ߮ڵϰ壬˵߮ҵзɱˣֱӸ׳нС
ûҪ
ķʽ֮ǰ߮һֱ˵ֶΣֻȨЧ
߮Ȼ˭ĶȺɷôҾǿܳɵϲŽġ
߮˵꣬ȨͶܳɸ״ܳɸ磬ɷʡ
߮һܳɽͣܳɣû˼Ƚ
˰ɣظҰɡܳɾöĤˣȡ
ǰôû֣߮绹أ
ܳɵĽ飬õȨ߮һͬ
ֻܳɻСĳϣȨЦ߮Ȼģһ̲࣬ӡ
ܳɾͿ˿Ȩ˵ȨӣҾðɣǸʱǵ㡣
ʵ߮ڶأûǰ㣬Ͳö
ȨɴͻȻתͷǾȺȻ


¼ɽڸԱͻؾƵ֮Լˡ
Ͼͬѧ
һǻԱȽϺõͬѧǹǿͬЩĹϵܡ
һ·࣬һЩĽԣɽʵϳ£ħզİ
ⲻԱҵף̽Է
¼俴ɽһۣЦƵĳԺڵĻ
ɽѧҽԺ̽ڣЭҽԺƵ־ڡ
£ֲϣȻˡ
ﻯûºô˹ֻǿ𣿡
ԣⰡ¼ֱԲ䡣
ɽ˵һ죬Ƚҿ˼ҵףʵǲϵģû취ʵǸ̫ˡ
ҽҲˣ㻹Ǹʶ
ǵνǲʶġ
㵽ʱҪôѡ
¼Ϊͷأ֮ǰֻ֪µʱ򣬳¼һڴӦģ˵Ǽ¸ơ
ǸƻһǴԼƻǶԺʿеѧҲ˭أ
ֻҪĹ࣬ҹʱ为
ڣ˻ˣȽ͵ĺ󱲡
ˣˣôѡ治֪ôΪˡ
һ˵ӦӰ첻˴ְɣ¼ڨЦ˵
еˣԸˣġ
ɱɱ죬һ
ֻĽûнϸڣһʮˣԼһ˵ҲĽ֡
ɽ߳¼ֵһҶô룿
Ūɳ׾ˣҶòô
Լ뷨ֺ˲ʶ
ҪҪǳ¼䣬ɽܲôࡣ
ȻҲԥ£ҪҪȻ׬Ǯеȱۡ
ôܹԼ
ǣеడ
ﻯһεȨ˿϶ԼĹ滮ǣҪһ㡣
ʲôûԼʾվǹ˹ֵˡ
ɽľ񿴵¼ܳʶ
Ҫúõһ룬ôֵֵ
¼̾һʵڿɽ˵ʱ򣬴Ҷ֪ģû໥¼䲻ö֪
ڣ¼ĺܺ棬˭ҪܳôһСޡ
ʣԺ͸¶һĵô
ҿܲܺǸ˵һ£ЦвС
¼ֿҲ˵
ɽͺˣ¼ı鲻١
һָ֣̯½ڣ򵶡ӱҳΪ׹ǴЭԱ
¼㶣ҧпСܰǵĸŶ
ҪİԶˡ
ɽʹ⻰Ʋˣ¼õĶࡣ
򵶣ֻҪһ˵Ȩֱ̫ˣһǷǳ򵥵飬ûκεѹ
ɽҡͷҾͲˣǮֲá
ĲģֵֵҶˡ
ϳ£ۺӡѾӰ쵽Ҷµľˡ
Ǯ㲻ˣ¼üĿһʡ
ֺϷ죬ȷɵˡ
һƤӵĹʮ˭
Ҳ˵׼¡ɽЦЦûӦûܾ
¼˵Ժˣǲˡʱһͬ⣬Ժðɡ
ҿɱ֤
¼ҲͰԼĵ׸ˣǮԼǲˣɽѡҲҡ
ɽԸ˵˵˭϶в㣬¼ҲΪԼôҲ֪εȨǣ浽ʲô
ȥܣҲƱơ
ɽ˸ûȽжصĻˣתʵ½ڣô
¼͵ͦ棿ûˣѾʦˡ
ԺħԺģ㲻ỹ֪ɣ¼ɫһ䣬ɽʲôûãֱӳܳɿڣȻܳʦγԺʿ鶼֪
ɽͷ˵֪ġ
ﰵ˵¼䰡Ϣ׶󰡣ڵܳɣһëǮϵûаȻĻ˭ɱħԺ¶
ôç
Ŷ¼䳤һ
ɽ¼飬֪ΪΣ΢еۣ˵½ڣ֪֪ǰãܳһˡ
ţ¼ʡ


ܳɻصС¥£˳󣬰绰
ܳһͨǱ߾ʹ˸߲ҵʦ֣Ѿ㶨ˡҵĴʦӦˣҳΪȨյҽʦ
ҲΪ̽ڡ
ֻǽһûõֻ֤ϼܹμҽʦʸ֤Ŀԡ
ȷǸϢܹڶ̶̰ʱ䣬һģܹƵĸΣ
⼴ļӳɣҲѾǷǳǳŬˡ
ǹϲ㰡
ܳЦŻأǱʶظ˿ڣŶӦǹϲҡ
ֲԾطˡ
㶣鷿ߺԼƵġ
ʦ˵ϲ
ô
û̸ҲķΧ΢е
һʱ䲻֪ôӻ
ܳûػϰԼһǰѻصϣˣҪһ°Ҫǰ׼
εרţǴƵﻯڣлɽҽԺԺ
кЭҽԺ־ڣɽ
ܳһ˵ʮ˵ֱ֣ӾͰѰˡ
˵ʻˣҪô˵˴һ
һİ
ԼԼ𰸡
šǿסĵĿ־ͺ£֣صص˵ͷܹܳһҪһЩ
СУ˵ġ
һᾡ˷ԼĵĿ־壬Լòôš
ңҾãǻҴʱ򣬳ȥϢģڵһ̨֮ǰǻԣʵǽӴʱ䣬档ʵı仯ֻѧϰ
ļԼʱķӦ
ԣܿ찲ͰѹؼĲָˡ
ǵҲǡܳû뵽ܿҵô֧Լ¸ȥɺ۾ݣⷴӦѾΪˡ
ңģҲҪʼ԰иĹˡ
Ѿ֮ǰǸˣʣڵܳ൱ģԣ㲻ҪΪ˵ˡ

ͺñȣģģһĳɾͣҲΪ͵ģһ·Լҽѧĵ·ϣȥ
ÿһֱ仯ǧֲͬĿܣĲԤԣ
ÿ˶ܹԼǿģһħ
ϣҹ𣿻ֱɳܣ֮ܳǰ飬δرҹܺãҳҪø硣
ܳɵǸϰ߳ܵģΪܳ
һǳܣҹ̫˷ʱˣѧϰʱӱ󡣡
ʦ֣һͰɣһȥѧϰˡѧϰĵطԽԽˡ
ĿдרҵѧƵԿɣǼסһЩһϸڱܽĿ֡
գѦ޵½ܳɵ̬ȡ
ܳɾͱʾͬȨĿˡ
Ѧ޵¾ȥﻯڷӦˣһܳɽˣһεȨκαʣڶͿٸܳɰһΡ
һξֱԽǰﻯڰŵЩˣ򲻴⣬˵
ûһԾ͹˱ȽϺá
ܳҲû˵ʲô
Ѧ޵½ڵĻܳҲǽŽɣܲţҲȫš
Ȼһ׼
ܳҲǰͨģ⣬ģ˺üΣģĹ̶Ϊ˳δʲôıʡ
أһ32һ磬˸緹󣬾ֱҶȥ
ܳɵ֮ǰﻯѦ޵½ڣѾˡرﻯڣΪȥ룬˺˵ıʵ̫
ԣøϸµƿؾƣΪ˱καʣĽŻܳɷˡ
ôﻯᱻ֣мôܡ
û취֮ǰﻯԼһУ͵óŵס
ȨǼ򵥵Ȩô򵥣һʽﻯðźҽѲػʿȵȸ档
ܳɵҵʱѦ޵½ҲѾźԼϵ֡
μӣǣëڼҽʦܳɵ֣ҰЩˣʱС
һ̨ĲԴѾͼ˹ͨȷκ⡣
ﻯԱţҽѲغϴֻʿҲ˽̨ţȫǹûκġ
ʲôÿġ
ﻯЩʧͬʱӻںԼΪҪСΪҪȥѦ޵ʲô
Ѧ޵ʲôܳʲôԼһëǮĹϵ
ڵԼ΢еﻢ£һܳɵȨκ⣬϶ܲõԼ۵ǣħҽԺ
ڵһ̨ʽ֮ǰѾңȻǳشһУʽģĵһ̨
ҲǱĵطģǱ۴
򵥣ǣЧúõĻܹòḶ́ûκʹС
ĴʦķΧȣһOKðϲѡ
Ϊܳ׼һҲǸܳ׼һ־ϲǶĳܹ˶ʿо׶Σɱ۴ģħԺʮˣ
˶ʿоһ꼶׶ΣĿǰһûС
ôᡣ
ЩܳǶûüȥ֣ܳɴӽ𣬾Ϳҵķʮλڡ
ΪʽȨǶԸֱʽҪֳͷβ
֮ʼ֮ǰܳëˣظȷϲ˵ݡʽȻϢҲظؿϵƽƬCTλؽ
ǲCTģΪȨĽǣˡ
ڣյ賿˵ʮ֣еҽеѲػʿеʿ׼̧֮ܳͷרţѯǵλʦѾ׼ˣλˡ
ǳЩˣæģԣܳɲҪֺãһҪǣǸԼʹӡ
ǾͿʼɡɽҿ˿
ûԵȻŸ˲ͬʱվȻ̨ǳרҵؽ
ңǵŶӣѲػʿϴֻʿȰڷеλãһһչ˵ˡ
ע⵽ڿеİڷλãϴֻʿһϽ߳ңʿ˵绰㱨Ȼ̨ȥȻһõϴֻʿ̨´á
̨һϴֻʿееλһ顣
ȻǾͿЩı֮ЩϽڣԼֱдЩʲô
˴ֲϸΪǵĻʿġ
ǲڣǿһѲػʿ˵
ⲻһ
ɡӾ⼯С
ͬʱĴʦҲע⵽ϸڣҽʦϵİͷ
ǼðȻָڰԱ˵˼䡣
Ҹ㰡һ̨ԲֻǶŶӵ֡
ŶӡŶӡŶӡһۺأκһ㲻ɹԱΪһɹء
ЩˣǶĴУģҪס
ǲץסЩ©
רҵˣרҵ淨Ӳס͵ṋ̃diss


ڶʮ Ը棡
չԴĿǰħھҽԺƽڣΣƵβڵ£дܿȨڽʺͼʶΪ㷺ƽڡ
ˣչԴڿ¼䡢־ɽԼ̻νڸŲ֪ʲôֽʼȽؿʼддʱܿͷӦʲô
չԴҲĶˣȥͬпȼȵȣϿȼۻֶΡ
ƶԣϸϽҩƷǷڷŹ淶ҵĵǷɾɨǷ̡
ЩҪݣʵϡ
ҩƷڷţҽиëϵѲػʿһ飬ǷɾǺڲŵĹԱǷ⡣
ɨǷ̣ҽԺʱ͹滮õģҵģ
ǣҽԺƻ˵пҵۺʵʱӲ豸ͬпң֮һ
ˣڶԹǿƽʱеƶʱƺһۡĿ͹豸Ա۵ݡ
˵һƵңǣܣǣûУôʵôҲ
ʦЩڣôϸڣ𣿡ЩϼһôϿʼΪܳƽ
չԴǲ֪룬صʮ꣬ʽȨԺĻЩרŶһ̶ϵΡ
˸Ͽ㣬ҽ¹ʵļᶨϿЩҲǲ⡣ȥһҴȨҪΡ
ôһõĽڣͷǳϲȡ
̧ͷչԴһ˼Ӧû뾡ְ취ܾλĵȨɡ
ëû룬Ҳûרҵѵ֪ʲô
ЩڵǿƵСӣӲ硣ҽһҵÿ˵ǳвһ
ΨһͬٵĶˣӽչԴ˵һĻ
һ֣ûٶ໰Ӱ쵽ȨĲ
ΪƵ⣬Ӱ쵽ĽҪȥǿơ̡ģκһλ棬һҵĺȻ߶̰ĻǷǳǸͺߵ¡

Ѧ޵ĹۿλһѦ޵µԱߣʤһҶĬĬؿɽȥ
ȻܺЩ֪ڵڿЩʲôдЩʲôǡ
ʤĿ⣬ػǼϣܺ棬ܳɣΪܹԽԼһĴﶡ㣬ߵһġ
Ӧͬ컨ˡ
ȶǿˣԺͬкңǰУǸ˶ʿһ꼶ʦܣҲпܳԽ֮⡣
ҪҵĻЩ̥ˣҲǹ̥֮һǹй֡
˵һεıҲֵúܣħԺħԺĹǿʵȻɽҪǿۺʵҲˡ
һεı棬ȫˡ
ɽҽԺҽԺѾԺĶ㣬ԼԺĴˣҶҲԺǸ߰СӸˡ
ʵۺþͷˡ
Ҳ֪ǱܳɵʵôΪ֪ˣʤеصૡ
˵ʲôһֱû˵ĳʤ䷢Ѧ޵תͷ
ʤϽ죬ش
л˵ֲԹٷȫѦ޵³
ʤŵʦ룬ܳȥ˱ȣô
ʤ˵ˣѦ޵¶ʶš
Ͼ֮ǰϿСѵ࣬ħĹǿȥʱӱ£Ѧ޵Ҳ˺ܶ˵ֵġ
εѡԽĽ׶ξ˶ʿо꼶ʿо꼶ܹĸ꼶
ûвѡľ˶ʿһ꼶Ͳʿ꼶ѧ˶ʿһ꼶£Ͳ뱻ȥŰʿ꼶и񣬾ҪôҵˣҲͲѵ¡
ʤҲȥˣ̭΢е硣
Ѧ޵»Ǿãǳʤ䲻㣬е̫BT³ʤ߲Ϳ˵ҪЩеûģúѧϰ
һӣԵĻǣԽǴɵʱʤյʤ
ʦүһֻʤһΣ
˵ǰǿƵĴ˭֪ô
ʤεģ˼һº󣬵ǶŽôڻλϽڡ
Ѧ޵±ûųʤ俴ģ⻰תͷĿ⸴ӡ
´ֻԵĻǲ⻻ѧİ
ʤʶԼ΢еܾԹԱ졭
Ѧ޵¼ʤҲʶԼĴ󣬾Ҳָ˵΢ǰ㣬ܳɵһ̨ʮйоأȫǻԵĲÿһĲ뵽˹
עϸ˼·
ʤѧҪԵֵģȳʤʸģȥȻĻѦ޵Ҳڰѳʤ
ѧҪһģǽлԵ
ܳѧҪһģһĥ
ܳɸսһЩĲ֪ʶĺȣͰѦ޵¸޵ˣְܳѦ޵¸ˣٺѦ޵Ǳܳɸŵˡ
ڣѦ޵Ѿܳ¿ʼˣͷƤô֮󣬾ȻȻض俪ʼߡ
ʤʦĸ룬˲Ӿ۾
Ѧ޵½ͽ̸ѧϰ˼·ԱԤԵȥԤܳɵһȻԱԼܳɵԤܳԼж
гĻ֤˵ĲȽϴûʲôˣ֤Լ˼·ٶˡ
ܳɵʤ䣬Ŀǰʤ֪ǳԾؿʼԼĲ֮
ϾԼʦԼëסԺǳˣʵеġ
Ļ˫пλڹ̶
ĻԿĵûʲô㣬ǲеġ
ɿǿԷǳؿܳɵĲȣΪܻԣѾд˽̿档
ĲȣǶĽһǶԼĽ
ûʲôǣͺܻȻûʲôرĿˡر޵ҲûʲôڵĻ
ǣȻӲӲʵԵĲܳɶ̶̶ʮŷӵʱƤƤʯ̶һϵв
ÿһĲʵأĲȣĲ˳ȣ˵Ƕһ޶ġǴûġ
ĹУɽͺͳ¼ܳɻ֮У˲š
ܳɵɽһֱסһҳ󣬰дְһ
ǰβסĵˣСܣʵң㵽˶ֻ𣿡
ԽǻĲԽʵԽҪжѻ
ܳɵͲôĪǴӱƵĴѧһ꼶ͿʼŶ
Ӧиʮ̨֮ǰѦ޵¾ͽܳɵУκ˲רҵطʲôпԵĴʻ㣬û˻˵ۡ
ڱĹУ˵˼·רҵ鶼óˣ϶ϵͳˣʵзˣҪôȥҪôǡ
ְƺܸߣλǿ㡣
ǣһЩ⣬ЩڿܻһЩǺ⣬ҲָܻһЩϸԵĴŻشˡ
ϸԴ󣬾ʹ󷽳ϣ´ġ
ǧҪ粵
ܳҲʵʵ˵ӰҽԺڣԼۣܻ֫ûôࡣ
ɽƿµһӾͱղȥˣˣҲ˵ţͷѧúͼһĪ⡣
Ӧʮ̨
ֻʮ̨
Ʋ˵ƣϾܳʵ㹻ˣ˵ͷܳɵ̬ȥС츳ͦãܲ
ȻܳһϲˣôͲҹɱ˰ԼҪ˵Լģֻ˳˼·˵Ѱ
ɽ⣬Ҳ˱ȽϺ⣬ǼȻѾõ˴𰸣ǴӱʶܳɵһԸ
ҲͲˣͱħԺľǽڣһЩСģҲûҪʳˣ˻ᱻܳɹҲ硣
ܳɼȻûǫѧƷԣҲûҪûȤ
ȻܳɵĻ϶ǹأһЩԵĲ裬Ƕǿ
˼·ϣпȦɵ֮ġ
Щ棬Ψһôģǳ¼䡣
֮ǰɳеʱ򣬳¼ͿܳɵģʶܳɵȨģҲ֪ܳһֱʱ򣬿ɱȽ죬ҳͷˡ
ǣ¼ԼбҪΪԼġͬܳҪһ˵Сܣ̨ʱ֮ǰƵʱҪʮ
ôǵģ
ܳһ̨ĲΪ̫ˣȫǰճĹġ
ɽԣЩĪҲǷǳؿ˳¼ܳɡʶ֪ģǵ׷ʲôĽɽûʹ
ɽ⣬Ȼǵעˡ
¼⻰е㲻Ծ
εʱ֮ǰʮ˵ʲôJ8¼ڲǻҽԺģ¶Ҫɷˡ
ǳ¼֣һرʽĴڡǻˮ̶ۺʵȻĹǿƺһ㣬ۺ
ͳ¼ɽȣɽܱȳ¼һײǲܣ¼ĸܱɽǿ
ֻǸ˵ƥ֮»ҽԺۺʱû̫öѡ
ܳɺƽػ˵½ڣһ̨ʽѡһ飬ȫָѡġĻҲˡ
ΪλչʾԼĲһбҪ顣Ҳ뱻λʦùŪ顣
ܳĵʵ뷨һּкܶƷʽʽҲкܶ֡
ôѡѡȨҽʦҲǿԸݾѡӺʵһġ
ʵһЩϸԵ⣬ܳû𰸣Ǿǻߵƫ󣬶ŮԻߣоɣַλǴڽϴյġ
˶ȽϱأͳȽƷʽͺʺ
ЩԵɣЩɣίûĹϵֻôѡûҪͣǶԼܹ۵óûҪһЩȫƵ컨ǵɵӡ
¼˵ͷ˵ǵҲǣ̤ʵػ˿ʵ
ڣǱȼ֮ǰϿɣпܸı䵱ǰƸֵˡ
ΪţҲڡ
ллܳ΢΢Ȼܳɾûٺͳ¼ڶ̸
¼ʽȨίģܳɵģܳҪ߹ϵһףôûҪôʱ䡣
øЩһЩɵܶԣܹӿ͹۵ӡ֤ԼʵԺԼš
йģ֮
һ˵ţԴԼʵ͸ճĽ֮С
ܳɱӲͳ¼˵׼ʱ򣬳¼ȴǱ˸Χ
ǣ¼ȴƺҪΪܳƵģֻҡͷ˵˵˵˵˰Ͳˡ
ʲô
ӣɱ˺
¼⻰˵ڴ˱
ȴûʵԵĻظ˺üȭȻЦʵȭͷ
ȻҲΪ¼һϯ˶ܳɽӺЩ
ǽڣһУҪʶ浽׻ᷢʲôȴҲûֵرУƵ
װģĸ֣ν쾡¡
Ϊ˱ݵøʵЩǻȥﻯ̸һЩ߽߱ǽϢֻﻯ֪Щ˶߲ƣԾҲװ֪ǲ˵
ﻯоһϢǾǣЩƣܳɵʽȨе
е֮Ѧ޵½ڿ϶ԽԼȥٸһ
ǰ׼ڴ֮Уܿˡ
ڶ̨ܳȻѡΪͳпλڹ̶
ǣһεпλڹ̶һ̨вͬ
һ̨пȻʱλ
һ̨ܳѡǣȸλȻתп̶
۵ƾǸλ̶ܶ
ȻַǱȽϴͳģ˵һ̵̨ɽڵˣѾ֪ܳɵĻΪʵˣڷ׷׵س¼
½ڣ֮ǰ˵ʲô˼
΢͸¶һ𣿡˵ǸɽҽԺĹǿƴƵΣߺͣǳ档
ʵҲе㲻ԵǰľܳɵʵѾֵ߹ϵĹϵˣʵʵڵš
ĿܲһǺѧᣬʮơ
ˣΪԼԭôȨеʵĲ̰
ңԼѧΪԼЩίˣͰԼѧȨеӰ쵽ǰ;
ߺͲ˵ƴԺϾ϶ûġ
¼俴һۺߺֿͣ˿һЩϼһԼ﷽գ߾ȥﻯǵġ
֪Щ˿϶ҪܳˣңڿʼͼܳɵС
΢΢̾һ˵ڣڣǰѾǴؼĶˡ
ǿڣСܵѾβˡ
¼ǳε˵
¼⻰ﻯܳɱϵĲζ㶣Ȼپ۽̨ϵʱܳɲ֪ʱѾëҪְˡ
Ȼٿ˿ʱ壬ʱ000234
Ƥְ룬Ϳʼϸְ壬ܳ
Сʺš
ȻİȻɽʱʱ̵̿ľ۽ܳɵϣܿģܳɿٵϸְ壬һĻ
ʱ䣬󶨸ˣ
000721
һCۻܳɷˣŶѲػʿ˵
Ϥܳ·ѲϴֻʿѾֲ֡
ܳǰвC͸ӵѾʶˣC͸ӣΪ˷ģѾֹһεչʾʵ
һΣܳɵĻϵѲػʿͷǳİ޾CۻƵԡ
ԣܳģѲػʿеʿҲġ
ҽʼܣǸСҽԼʦһߵ͡
ӣӣǳ档
ǣ˵һжĻ
ôˡ
һָ̨ô
û
ûûףûؼĲ֣Ϊģȥʳ¼ڵʱ򣬾ʹˡ
զ
ܳɰ˵ĸְ˸λĹλһǿ
ⲻܡ
Cۻ͸Ӻ
ܳʹʦҾԽˣأ
Ŀɬһжƿ֮УʲôҾòõأ
ֲǵһˣˡ
ϵӹ̣Ҫģţԡ̨תһ̨˰ɡ
ʼס
ܳɡëҽѾʼתˡ
һڽھͿʼCۻʾķĬ
ô죿
¼ڣһûбΧסɽ˿ʼȺĵۼŶԲߡ
ɽҵ˳¼ڣҪϲ
ҪˣҪȥ͸͸ﻯһ˼װ̨Ѿ˽һϴ׼
Ϊĩţ󲿷ֵ䣬ǿġ
ɽͳ¼䵽֮ɽʣ½ڣôŪ
¼˵죬֮ǰͽˣǻͶ֧ƱġҲĵ뷨
ɽһԣոܳ飬㶼֪
ţ似ַպϸλʵֲпλڹ̶ʱ䣬ǿԵô̡¼Ҳӡ
ɳеʱ򣬾ͿôЩ
⣿ɽʵв²⣬ܳɿʼ֮ǰ·ˣֻûǣԲû֤ʵ
ڳ¼˵˲ԭһˡ
η
η
ˣΥǮҲˡҪѹһӣĲ̡
ɽôһ
¼۾һϽͣڣԼĸԸİҿûպ㰡Ժڵʱɱ˵ҡ
ǿʮ򡣡
ɽԳ¼䷭˷ۣʮô
ʮһӣأšġ
֮ɽ;Լͳ¼һ·ˣৰָ֮󣬾ʣ½ڣ˵һ£ܳɰǸʲôˣ
Ҷͦġ
ɽеˣðԼӦö˽һܳħģþôʵذˡ
Ǹ˿϶Լ˵ʲôܳħΪϺ͹ϴڳͻܳħԱ񣬻һ̶ȿһ桭
TMǹfa
¼Ҳ΢΢ҡͷɽ˵ڣãҶСܵ˽⣬ô𣿡
еĻһô۸ȥʡ츮֮Ůˣ
˵䲻ģСѧʶʡֵҲǲ԰
¼εؿЦ
¼иŮģɽ֪иôЦģϸһ³¼ĻܳˣòƻĿԡ
ԣʵ¼Ƕ˽⣬Ҳû˽⣬˽ȵǡ
֮ǰʶżѡ
ǵҲǣǺ棬Ϸɣµ򣬺е˼ˡҾðһΡ
оķתɽۣһֿϷĸо
Ҳģﻯڵǵ˭Ϊ˭
¼Ҳ÷ε飬ǿ϶ģĵ˭Ͳ֪ˡ

̨ʼ֮ǰܳɿر¼ɽסˡ
Ȼ¼ڻСܣһΣȥ̨ϣ԰ɣ
ܳɵ˵ͷȻǿԵİ
Ȼ󣬳¼ھͺɽȥϸµƬȥˣȻٿһ£ԼĲˣô죿
¼ɽѾȫ˲Ǯ׼ˣȻͲִ̫Ҳˡ
ֻǣܹͨ͸ģɲֻǳ¼ɽ־Լ̻νڵȻҲǲ֮
ʲôǮ׬ʲôǮ׬ġ
ڰڸոգ̻κ־󼸸˶Ѿѡ˵ļͶƱε󰡣øʵЩ
ֻҪıĽС
ȻǸĽǣͶƱﻯ¼䡢ɽмһеþȣͶ˷Ʊ
֮һ£ۣͨȻܹתĽ
ֻǣȻ¼˶ȫ׼ܳʽԼҪеʽ֮󣬻Ǹоľĸо
ַλʯ̶
ָģӦļУܳ˱ƴĺܵ󣬶ƺܳɵֹһ͡
пλǳǡպϸλпλǡַܳλŹǣ
ŹǵַλѶȣǱֹ۵ַλҪ̫İ
ô˵ɣʵǹַλģδ͸Źǹַλģ
Źǹ۱պϸλģ϶ܹǹַλġ
Ѷ֮Ĳࡣ
һأʱ䣬͸ӿˡ
˴ңܹżʱ䡣
չԴˣſ׼ܳɵôˣȴοʦʦҽƽпҡ
ÿ죬ҽʵǿҪӸ˲ǡ
ȴĬĬ˵ʦҲδ̫С˰ɣҾͲһϰˡ
չԴѹ˵Ѿģǹģ֪һݵȫ飬ȫְֿȫǴƨͰ
ŹǵͣҪһЩѶȵĲġ
Ϊ˰չԴƢȥܳһ̨ȻϽչԴ㱨ʦһ̨ǹɹǹ۵ģ׵ͺˡ
ǵ̨ˣԾͺܿ졣Ҳǰ°࣬Ҳӹ
չԴʱһ˿͵⻤̣커ſˣǵǲѾ˰
һ칤Сʱ̨͹Сʱʮ̨˵ͬĹ
չԴڣ˰ɶû֪ܳ˼ˣλϱ
ɱ鱼㲻ܿİԾĥģˣҹ翪ˡ
һ죬æ˵ʦ˵ʲô
ֻ֮ǰʦʶңǰʦַλҲӵġԡ
һûӡ
չԴ֣Ĳ͸ԼȥֲȥҪң㿴
ֲҽѧҪѧϰĻչԴܰ
ﰵҵɵGǰǱ۸ϰˣԲϰΪɣħԺƺ͹ǿƽֵܿңùơ
ԼдԼϣдǾˡ
ȻаڣչԴֻǵ²ۣûİƢǿơ

̨̫򵥣ԣǰͰؿʼ˵̨ѣٶȼ׵⼰ƿأǰܱȵġ
ˣܿ죬ͽ˵̨׼
һж׼
ܳٴ̨ԣδϴ֡Щ˵ע£һַλ֮
C͸ӣ͸ʾ϶˶Ժãһλ
Ҷ֪ɹǵĹַۣλʯ̶̶ƺܴģֻ͵Ĺַۣܹλʯ̶һ̨϶Ͳʺϡ
ΪʯҲ󲻵̶ĿĺЧ
Ϊ޷̶͹ۣǾԵӦ¶ַλȻ޷ӦĹ͡
ĹͣҪǹѣǹ̶ףͳķڶڹ̶ڱȸְڹ̶΢
һ̨˾Ϳ׼е٣еС̡ӦþҪڶڹ̶ˡ
ǣܳɡë˶ʼ£Ȼֻܳڻ߹۵֫ǰ࿪һ̶׵ĿӺ󣬾Ͱѵ¡
ţܳǴûһֱʶе˹ɹǵıԵȻܿͰѹĤƿˡ
һǾͿܳóһ͵еڸոչĤλôһŷŽȥһһĶ
Ҳ֪Ŷԭ̨ܳǼ˸Ӻ;ӵƽ棬ʲôʱӵģҲ֪Ļһֱڣ֮ǰù
žһͨˣе뵽˹ɹǵǻ
ܳٷŽȥһɡަ״˫ͷĢеĢͷ˹ߺܳɵĲ£ɡ״
ɡ״֮󣬿ʼһиֶϵض뵽ɹǵ⣬뵽˹ƤʣûƿƤʡ
һĻǳ¼䣬Ҳɫ䣬˲ΪίĻʣ̨΢ʣܳɣʲô
⣬ͲӦôڣĴڣһΥ档
¼䣬Ըˡ
ˡ


ڶʮ Բۡ
δڽ֮У̨ϵ֣ҲӦó˼·
£ϼĴʦָ֣¼ҽչʱҲָ㣬ȥ˼·
¼ȻΪܳʽȨʸרųԱʵǿһԺĽڣӦñء
ڵңȻֻǿ͡ίҲֻǿ͡
ǣǿԱ仯ģÿһ̨йеǣӦֻһӦ̨µˡ
ܳȻᣬȴҲǺܶˣùأֻǶദʱĹأΪδڵɡ
ֻܳǿ˳¼һۣûԻظ
ǹҽʦˣΪһͶΪ¼ڵ⣬еʧƳ˳¼һۣʱ΢ʧϽʽܳɽ
¼еΥ棬ûеõκεĻӦ
濴еΣʵŵɽˣҲó¼˾൱ˣȥһֵȴǳڳ¼顣
Ϊܳʵ̫ھˡ
Ĺ̡õеǶôö磬еܹƹĻôơ
ͳ۵ԭ򣬽ᷢһĸĸеһо棬ܻᱻϴƣ൱Ҫ
пܵ߸ǰƵôǰˡ
ǵģ൱Ĳ֣ǿܳɲûлӦ˼ҲֻǿеѹסĵĲǿмװ򶨡
ܳɵڼ
ʶԼʧ̬ĳ¼æ˿ɹۿȦ֮⣬ﻯڼѦ޵½ڶ˸Ѧڡڣո̫ˣǳǸ
Ѧ޵½ڣޱ飬÷񣬷е̡
ܳҪĿ⣬̫ھףܶܳ𾴣ΪһħԺƵĽڣվ˻һˣĲҪӵô
񣬳¼һʧ̬ȴԼľȷĿ͹۷Ӧ
˹˭ϣܳϣǿߺܶĶȻд̿棬Ѧ޵¿صĵط
𱸣Ϊ֪Ҫľǣס棬Ҳ
ǣѦ޵²ͬǣ˿̵ﻯȳ¼ĻҪ
һУ֪顣
ħԺڵƶȾǷƶȣڸƶȣѦ޵ΪԺƸĽڣӵԼϲֶѡһдȨ
Ѧ޵κƣ㱨ΪôȨħԺʻĴͿŵĻԶ
ǿƵʵڽ˲Ρ
ȻԽˣﻯڵԽǺ¡
֪Ѧ޵ܳ֯һʽȨе㡮֡ҪҲ֪Ѧ޵¿ڰе׼ʲôɱ
û뵽εɱ֮
һΣҪѦ޵½ڵ׺«ʲôҩԲŰεȨ󣬸ʮ档
ʡڵרռݰٷ֮ʮרţռݰٷ֮ʮѾǹΪˣѦ޵¿νʮֿء
ˣȴﻯĹ֮ܿڡ
˵һΣΪԼһ֮ʹһεȨʧˣôﻯҪеѦ޵µѦ޵±ϵŭ
һܳСΪһʱ֮ѿŲˡ
ôʱħԺƵˣ
شĿ⣬ܹھԺ֮ãȴˡʱǻҪȥѧͲֻζֿݵˡ
ﻯܳĿ⣬һвȥڵľ棬֦ﻯڶ֪Щڣ׻᲻ΪܳɵĿʵӰ̫
Թһ£Ⱦܾ֮Ȼͬʱ棬ѿֳȥ
ħԡ
Ժ𡢻ɽɽȣṩܳͬƽ̨
ˮ̶ЭɽҽԺƽ̨ȾԺв࣬ж٣
һֵƣȴԼ˶Լľ棬һУô£
ĵȴδڱ棬ﻯȻƲһӾķͿޣҲǽܹȵϵġ
ﻯû˵־ڵ۾һת̲סʵʽԾǨ֮ڣǿѧۣ
־⻹ûȫ¼ֿʼù־
Ź֣־ȻǺЭҽԺƵĽڣЭҽԺȷǹڶҽѧԺЭĹǿڹھ컨е컨塣
ħԺȻⶼõˣ׷ЩԵĶ᷸߼
¼⣬Բ𣬵ǸҲԲ־׷ʺɣȴǲòӦġ
Ѧ޵½ھ͵ͷڣӦļֽʰ漰ӰļģҪɾ鷭ġ
˴εȻԲСԾǨܴ󡣵ʵϣ²ϣµĹ̶еҲӦרҵʻļⱨ档
ħίԱ˱ҲרЩǹ˵ģԲѯõġ
ллڵĹġ
Ѧ޵²û˵־еõֻۣ˵ǹģǱȽί˵κһŴµʽһѧɹ
ѧɹӦǱ湫ģǿظģǿκ粵ɡලģκһѧɹ֮ǰܴɡ
ҪӦɣȻһȾͻ飬˼Ϊȫ׼֮󣬲Żó
ôȥȻģ
ߵ̣һ
־΢죬ֻǱֵסˣͰЦѦ˵Цˣֻһ˵ûɵ˼Ѧڣˡ
ɱ˳ϵĴһֱܣСħԺڵרҵԣⱾǶͬеĲΣ͡
ߣǲУǲ̫ʱ򣬲ſˡȻ־ʡ
˶ڻζ𾪵ĹУܳߣȴѾβ
Ĵڣ󣬾ֻ1.5cmСӣֻҪ⹴룬ܹȫĿӣԲûʲôɿĺͿڴġ
Ѳʦ鷳һCۻ˳Ӧе֮ܳɱѲػʿԸ
ȻҲԺԼҵƣʱ򣬻ǺѲظרҵһ㡣
˶ߣȻڸ䡣
͸Ӻܿ죬ܳɺ͹˺ܿԺܿͽβ
ңΪͬ飬Ҳûзܳ·̨˵ŪԼְƣ̨ľ档
е֮󣬰æѲ˹˴֮󣬲ʽ
ܳɵ˽βĹУѦ޵½̨ίĽڣҲûܻصңǱ˸ҽһ̨ϸںӦؼ㡣
ҶǽڣҶվ˻һˣһЩĹ߹ۿȻȻˡ
ﻯֺܵܲ
ǣѾ޿ڻ˵Ѧ޵½ϵķֹܽڣһѦڵ˵ɡ
ǳʽؾ͹ԼԿ֪Ρ
Ѧ޵½ھ˵͵еʵȡڹ̶еڹ̶е
Ҷ֪۵Ĺ̶ʱҪ̶λãǹס
ǴͳĹ̶еһ㶼ǳģңͳĹ̶ǵʽĹ̶ֻڹ״λƽеһﵽ˹̶㡣
̶ֹеĻڶƽ棬γ˹̶㣬Ϊ̶ù̶ȶԭȡ̶еĶƽ漰λȶ̶ԭ
¸ʮ̶λȫܹﵽ̶Ҫ󡣶Ҵڹ̶ΪλڹǻڣԲڹƤγɶףĻָ
Ȼڹ̶еһȽϿ͹۵ʹƾǣȡڹ̶еʱ򣬻һףȻٰڹ̶еȡ׵ĴСǸոףʮơ
ƣȴȻȴͳڹ̶еĶ׸С
ڹ̶е˿״ڹƤڲǿɿģرӰʵ
Ѧ޵سк˵Լڹ̶еۣڣŵȱ㣬һһϸ˳
Ϊȱ㶼УԲԵرʵ
ڹ̶ЧΣڹؽƣ̶Ѿ֤ʵˣֻǣܳƤʵɧȻе˼ġ
ԶЧҪʱ֤ʵǰôҸ𾪡
ܶ໰Բʺ˵
Ѧ޵½ڵĻ󣬴лƲ̨ԣܳɵ˹ر˿ֻ룬пڣڹؽھ
ĴڣֱǶκа֮ĵˣһָ
֪ľǣпԽСԾԽСԽСʹָٶȣҲԽ졣
Դؽתʱ䡭
ҽƵչԴڣƵĸΣ˿൱ֵġ
˿ļʱ壬12min
еҪߵ˼֣ס˱ߵΪ߰ظΧų¼ڼ־ڵϵĺȻ֮ɫеȻԵá
˵ǿңǿ֪ҽԺĽڣԼҽԺ¶˱飬ҲǸĳ졣
ٿܳɣ˼ֱˡ
С˲ð˶顣
ʲôأ
ǾͬҽԺͬУ¶ȺɫõĵȻĵȻȻ֣ɲҵĿⰲźӭϡ
ʱڽֱĹУϵЦ⣬ģһ˼˼˼ǡ
ʵϾΪӹ̵ĻĲû취ʵֲ˼
ĹУʧ̬
𾪣ͺǿħԺʲôҽ¹Ƶģ̶̲ס
ôһܳɾôô˳ˡ
Լġѧ͵͵ЦչԴѹС۹ⲻСӣǰ;
ֻͷ͵͵Цһ䣬Ȼʦִûʧ
˵ʦҸȥͲˡ
ȥɡչԴĸп˵ͷ
ȻһҽϣԼרõĻñУԼҲǼ֤һʱĵ˰ɡ
Ŵ˿̨֮󣬾ͱΧܳɣչԴеĽе㼵ʵظпš
á
ܳһ̨ͱΧסˣΧסģֹ־ڵʡĽڣҲֹħԺľǵħĽڣﻯֱӰܳɸΧ
΢е࣬ܳеӦӲϾ
ԣֻܳ˸ڣͳһظ˵λʦܲܵһ̨֮ڴɵĻڣһһԵ˵
̨ܹʣһ̨Ҳرʱ䣬ȻǾͿġϸµ̽һ¡ȻĻǻ飬лش֮
ܳǫ飬ȻҲΪ˵ʱܹûش
ΪʽȨҲãǽύϵҲãЩӦǽΪṩõҽƷ֮ϵġȰãȻѧҶġ
ܳôһ˵ɽѧҽԺ̻νھЦЦ˵ҾС˵еϸżá
һĵطܹPPTĵط˵߳Է˵߱ߺȲ˵ûϵ
½ڵͷͬ⣺ҾҲ̫żϸڽϵ˵Ȼ絽ʱϸ˵
־ⲻػشһҽԺģħ̻ʡԼҪħһϣһķɻ
ǵǲżǰɣ
Ȼ־Ҳû˵ȸԼһϢȰԼĺˡ֮󣬲԰ĵ²ؼ߸߹
Ȳ˵ûʽףͨ͸֮ǰҾȲȥˣҲȥҲ˵ҡ
Ȼ־뵽ģ¼Ҳ뵽ֻǳ¼ȷҪ£ԣòȥ
ȻԼҪߣǻˣ¼͵͵İԼĴӸcall˹
ҳ¼ѾƶˣԼܳɵĹϵδؾͲܰѿȥһһҲã˶ĻԼѧǲġ
ܳһѣܳҲܾĲҪѧϰûѧأ
Ѧ޵Ȼܳһ˶ԸôϼһЩ˶ҪúܣͿ˵ڣҾöŽںϽڶ˵е֮ǰѾźˣԤʱƺ˵㣬Ҫٴ绰ѳԷʱǰŲһŲ
ﻯþǰԤķûʲôpptڿѦ޵µļһԼаš
Լ̨׵ĻﻯҪµģǾѦȴкһ̨һ׼ʱ䣬ȥϸ
ﻯһ̨ǰŸ˲ģôпƲôǴ绰ȥԼİŸȡΡ
ҶֻǿƲ˵ơ
ðҲҪһʱ䣬ԣһȺ˺Լǰ֢Ƶģȥˡ
ħԺкüȻĻҶһЩͲ̫˵ˡ
Ⱥ׷뿪ҡ

ɽǺԼͬѧһȻʵϳ£飬Ʋ԰̻κͶ⼸ڹʱ䰡
ɽ֪¼ڽϸϻȥģڳħЩˣǶҪʱìܵġ
ɽѧҽԺ̻ΣͰһȥһʱ䡣־֪δɽ϶Ҫǩġ
£ҽԺƵΡ١ӸɽҽԺΡߺͣɽҽԺΣħԺľǽڡʼҽԺ½ڡ
Щ˾ħģزȥһҪܳɾħʱ򣬽ˮ¥̨ȵ¡
ٲãܳɺ滹ҪؾԺİҲԲûгԵһĻǿƵۺʵá
ǴƵۺʵʱ϶ᱻ顣
ö
¼̾һɽȻŨüۣеŷӵΣʵǺϸġ
ڣû취ұҪȥҰѧˣʱϵôʦʱĵ㡣
˵ѧʲôԴͿˡ¼ֻи
ԼѧȻҲǽڣ͵λϣСȺҪദδƤᱡһЩ
ҪȥҲԼѧЩˡ
ֻ˵ΪɽӦҲþܾ
Լ֪ôһѧôأΪ˽һЩɽѡˣܳھ﷢飬߸˳¼䡣
̾˵ϳ£ҲԸ㰡ʵǣһһֵĿ϶ǹϡ
Ϻ³֮󣬻ʣ¶ˮˮ
¼ʱüͷ롣
£ϵôİôܳɷأⲻӦðҪ˵ܳʱ򣬿ܻᱻϷܡ
ܳħ֮󣬿ǳ¼ʶ֮ܳ󰡣ʱϵĴӣħԺƽ԰ܳɾټϵģȻܳɻȥ˾Ժ
ⲻô
ɽ϶ƭˣ
ֻǰԺʿҪ³ĻѧҽԺѧҽԺȻЭҽԺҲԺʿ
ħԺҲУɽҽԺҲС
ܳǣĵطħ;ЩҽԺ棬в֮ͬ
ҽԺĹȻ˶ҽѧܳɵϵʦ϶ռ˴ͷ֮⣬ΨһһƵԺʿǾѧҽԺġ
ǺЭҽԺԺʿҲǼƵģҲѡ
ɽҽԺԺʿǴƵģƵרƣô֮£⵽ԼѧֵܹٸĲˡ
¼̾һܲôˣôðҲʡЩҪõöడܳʡģʡĻڶֻɵۡ
¼䵹ҲҰο
ɽһ£ܿȻ˹¼˵ûëҪϴѧҽԺЩ߳һŶȫϷˣûһëǮϵ
ǵȷҵģڴҶӦ˲Ͼ͹ܲʡ˻᲻Կˡ
¼ʣڣڣʽȨôûеȻѻˮøһЩ
ԽңԽܹһøõĺôҲпһ
ǳ¼ɽ̽
ɽֲɵϳûаһİļǱеˣİ
ΪʲôҪǮΪҪøͨ͸ڣ˶ûˣǻܽô
Ī˵ʮˣİҲɰҡ
ôõļܹݼϰյϣܹҪĲϵĻôʧȥҽƴڵˡҿɲҡ
죬Ҫô
ɵ죬˫ӮҪĻĻѣԱȷɵҪҪࡣʡǮԼõ죬ڰˡ
ѧ߻ܵѧϰƽ̨룬ǽˣõǸõġ֮⣬ĿǮûҪ̯ˮˡ
ӿ϶ڣԼֻҪ㻹µˮ
¼ʹǮ뷨ˣЦЦҲǣһΪʦ㡣ˣ̫ˡ
ɽûйֳ¼Ķˣ˻ϣڼƶģԴˡ

ǽں١ӽҲۼһһԺģһǻɽģûʲôϾɽڸ󣬶Ժȴħ
ʵʶʱڹ⣬ʱǷѧߣ١ӻڲʿվʶ֮󣬱һʡ
ع꣬ҲִһҲúܲûܹٽһĻҲ͵Ϊֹˡ
ֻ˵ǰľƺ󰡣ǽھеˣӣϵ˼ôİ
١뾰ֲһԺĴΣǾԵʵȨ١ΪȻǻɽҽԺƵΣǰǿƴνϣɽҽԺǿƵıˣϣԺʿڿԾš
ҲûʲôãϾ١Ӿǽϵĸ㣬ֻǿ϶Ƕе㳸⡣
ʦ˵к£Īǰ̡١ӸĪôһ䡣
Ƕʱͷ˷ۣҲȨ۰㿴ȻܳھԺʵʦǹϡ
Ժ˸˵ģʱʵؽ£δؾͲֻܷʱ򿪴ڶٴģӿȣǼõһᰡ
ĻһǿԽġҪ̿Ƶרƣ۽ֱ޷찡
ͶܳһĴ˽⣬Ծǻϣʽû³ͼеĻǿ϶Ӳġ
ܳɻϵ£ûϵҹԹԵģ̾ͺˡ
˶ˣֲһУҺαҪˣֲұ˸ߵġ
ܳ˰
Ǻ顣
١ӿɲǺƣһϣһԼҵʦǾ뢣١Ӵͼ֮
ʣǴǮǲǮأ
ƨǹͷʱ˭ͷ˭ǮԼˣαأ
ܹҵ©룬е˾ͱеˣ˭û취˵ʲôûҵɵĻǾԼˡ
ʦĲģ
ǱԺԺʿǻǱصġʱϲĻֻˡȻҪһƵĻΪ˿ҵķչǣҲǲΪҪġ
Ͼվĺ£ʦ
١Ȼҡͷ˵ʦѾ飬ĿǣҾͲˡ
ڣµĻ͵ΪֹɡҪٽ֦ˡ
١ӲԼʦ᲻ģǼȻûжôͿ϶иεĿǣǾʲô١ӻûס

ƵۣҲ˺üڵ̸֮䣬ҲΪԭ򣬲඼ݹ۾˵ϾĺʵȥҾƵģҸȥģôˡ
ΪܳĿӰʵ̫ˣԣǮ飬϶ԺǮҲա
˲ѵãվû취̵ġûҪ۵

̨ʽʼ֮ǰﻯھͷְԼ֮⣬ǣǰȨֱԼ
һɨͿԿϵ޸ġңûеԽӽʮֵĸ߷֣͵Լϡ
Ҳ˵Щ˰ûʲôҵģҲˡ
Լ֮ǰĵģֻǰ׵һѡ
ǣͨǸ֮ǰ̨ϵԿóЩȣǴԼġ
ϸ񣬼ϸģǹİ
Ȼ˸ģǻǲʵģԣﻯھͰѶֱٴηֻЩ֣ȻǩԼĴ
ЩֱҪ浵ģԭҪίԱᣬҪžԺ봴ѧ顢ǿƷֻᡣ
һܳɲܹ˳µõʽȨ
ȻͬʱﻯýܳIVȨ飬ҲˡܹIVȨ飬ҲֻǴƵġ
ȥؽƻרȨ飬Ϻƽڣܳ¹ؽƵȨûġҪҪȥ˶ҽѧȨǲ֪
ܳȥ˾йԪƽڣ϶Ҳ⡣
һ룬ﻯе㱻ŵˣܳɣһȴڴˡؽڡ˶ҽѧϣһĵ̰
ǻ
˻
δһŶﻯڵ૵ʱ
һ־Ѧ޵½ڵѧʤ䡣
ﻯȻﻯ߿ζܳɵۣȻô
Ҫ֪ǿĴһڣû֮һ
֮ǰνĹǿҲãֹǿƵŮҲãʦһȣǿɶѷһġ
ﴫ˵һ¾ǣǰİѧƣڹϵģһóרҵ
ֻǣôЩ꣬Ҷ֪ʲô
ʤ俴ΣеĪﻯͲ໰ˣҲʣҶ˵ʲô
ǣĬĬصŵ̨ʽʼ
ֻǣ̨ŸտʼʤְַԼֻһֵĳ¼ڣֲˣֱﻯ
վܲغһԲۡ


ڶʮ ˶
㲻ܸŸֿϹ֡ΥޣĳҽԺʵҵİ칫½ǬݶԼ˵
½ǬݵҲǹ˾ĺϻˣҽԺչٴĺģҪפһʱ䡣
ҽԺ½Ǭݵĵʾ˻ӭڳһ䳬ʵҳʵٶƽжƽ̨Լ׵СʵҶ䡣еĻҡ칫Ϣҡ
½ǬݻݣһαȽҪٴݣһЩ˾ݡ
ǻᣬ½Ǭݳ֮ʶģ׹һֱ˰ޣ𷢲˾ĸ촽ͬ棬½Ǭ԰һЩرںŵġ
ӣһװŵǿȣһװŵ½ǬرϲĲ裬Իڵģһר˳ʦֳġ
ҶȻߵƲʦر𽲾˺رĿڸС
ºҡҡͷNO½ҽˣⲻΥֻǳһֳԡ
ԼЩ˵ϣѾڷǰĿǰԣǾǻƵִţߣѧרҵǼﵽһ塣
һ˶ѧߣѧרҵû㹻ϣôĹȣǲֵȥչɿصġ
Щ˶ûдѧܹͷСңѧȥҲա
½ǬûƿݹĲ裬ȾһڣȻƷλһȻŻأʱȫ綼һġ׹ޣҲһģֲǲ֪
ΪҪҵҲ漮ڹȣͲһ
ֻҪ㹻ʱͶ룬ѡң½ǬݵеֱǺ֡
׵ȥһôСӣҲóе˵̽
Ѳ⣬ǰܶ˵ܲܰѳֵס
ԣô֤Ļ࣡
սһ˵ĵʿ˽ԴΪһѧΧıˣΪǿɳܵġ
ȴּһֳѵţȻˣΪҪѡػڻ֮⣬ӵеɣһЩѵ𣿡
ʽôĶԼ˽ƷӵԼķӣԼأԼׯ԰ԼĻ԰Լͧ˯һĺþΡ
ң½ҽĳɾͣѾҪع֤ʲôˣһգǵߵĵãߵ
ǴģҲкܶ໪ᣬѧˣǱأֵֵǻɣһӡ
½Ǭؿ·ܹͷų
½ǬݲҶӣϤ½ǬݵҲ֪½Ǭˣֲ½ҽҪֵĻôҲԷһаš
ǣΪĺ飬Ǿܾġ˾ͼŲһˣ֣ҽҽҲͬҵġ
Ǭݼţǻעʳģķֹ˾鲼أҪҪתⲻ½Ǭһ˿Ծġ
ҹ˾ȨҲ½Ǭݣ½Ǭݺϻ֣ҽҽҲǼΪŵȻ½Ǭ£ˣҲͬԼɽģռݵĹɷݶ½ǬҪһЩ
ʵӸϽˣǲͬ½ǬݵľġΪʾ½ǬݵأľԸôһ̽
ʮԪܹõһȽϹƽĽôǲûȥһܺõľǱߵĻȻһЩӪ
ôȥã
û½Ǭݽľǣ֣ҽ˵һ仰ǣҵǧиΣҵֻҪһҲҪһ
½ǬݵĿ⣬ƽ
ǰ֣ϹͶԵ֮£֧ڵĲҵ˵Ҳ൱Ҫġ
½ǬȻԼĿ֪ҽ֣ҽˣжûлعǻÿ궼ȥһεġ
Ǹڵ״
ҡͷǵģҽ֣ҽǵ汲ͳ˵ģǻûĿǰҲǻӭǡ
ȻӭΪλҪίԼȥأⲻΪԼô
ңֻһγʼ̽һˣȻһѧߣҽͶߣ߲ġ
ѡӼҵȨһֱҪһ㡣οȹģȹİ
½ҽ㾿ˣ㵽Ϊγô
½Ǭûػͼ˵ڴӻ߳˲ţΪô࣬ѵҶɵôѧӦɡƽġ
飬ǲƽǶѧ裬ʱ֡ȻۣۡǻһΪ
ΪãԲȥԽߵ̽Ĳáƶϡ½ǬݱϾҲǺϻˡ
½Ǭݸ֪Ů˵ҰĲһ㣬ˡ
½ǬԼҲǼΪ͵ģֻԼıģʱȻֲ塣
ѵͲڴܻһϲô
ҽ֣ҽ֮ͬôΪǵĺڴڴһõĹ硣˵԰ľǷӸ˵ġ
Ȼ֣ҽҲ˵ˣ仰׽ģʵûôᡣԻĻһЩġ
ôΪԼһѵɣҲһִɡ
½ҽӦҪ֪һܶĴۣʧٵ棬ٵѡ
½ǬݼĬȻ˵Ĳڼõļڵķһ£ԣǶҵ뷨
ǺڴҴϲҸϣĸƽҪôôľӪûʧʲôҪѡ;񡣡
ͱ˵ҪԶʱ㲻ʲôͳԲʲôʲô׺Ͱ޵ףܹͬĶӣζȴȻͬġ
Խ꣬ԽһζҪģˡ
ֻһֶΣҵĹޡ½ǬиԶ뷨Ͱţǿͼ֮ģܳɵͻȻýе˼·
ǣδؾͲһ
ʱ۵ʱ򣬾ԼˣһգȥҪһһܹ˵һЩ˵
߲ϵİ𣬶Ϊ
ΪΪ㹻ʱܹѰ鶼£ѺͷųѺ𣬰ѳ֮׷𣬾͸ǰˡ
Ⲣǵİ顣
½ҽ㲻Ӧôģֻһ̣ҲյĹޡҪʧܣȱаҲûô⡣
Ͼ趨ҽ֣ҽϸ˼֮µĽ
ԼЩѧ߶ԣǸǵʱǰ롣ǵǿԼĵҰĶġ
ܹΪһ˽ֱӰһ˸ѹôƻ϶ǲ̫ġ
ң½ҽҪ֪ǻôһʣΪʡǴ󻷾Сˡ
Ȥҽֲǹһˡ˵飬ʦڵİʦĿǰѧƶˡ
ǵĿġȻҲ½ǬݵľӵȥŸɣȥ̽
ܳһε飬سɹˣôֻ˵ڵĻĲʺȥˡ
ܳڱԴڹѾˡǵǸȦܹõĲԾôǳ֣ôվǰìܡ
ֱӹϵʱ½Ǭһ֮Ĳܹ֮Ϊ½Ǭݵĸ
˫ģıпǾһ˫ıĻٻʡȥһ
ԼǰˣȻʱģġҰġ֮ġ֮ġ
Ҳ˽ģ½ǬֶûеĻô̸̸Ҳա
꣬½ǬݸŵʦѧĶ⣬Ǿ뢣ޣܹæĺ٣飬ڹ⣬ﶼ˾ռߵġ
ûбҪѳת޸½Ǭݵʦߵˣѧ綥νİôСʱֶƽ˵Ļ
ôֻ֤󻷾е㲻ֵá
ϣ½Ǭݶ˼ֵĸ֡
½ǬӣȻһõϹ֣ͬ⣬Ľͣǲԡ
ǣܻϹ֣вǺϻˣֵ֪ܣйͬĿžۼһ
˭˭ĸӹƷˣ½ǬҲӦԼĿͰţǺʲôƻҪȫ֪
һǵļƻ밲ţӦ֪ȨӦõġ
ͬһ£ͬϸв죬֪飬Ҫģ½ǬҲҪԼİš
֪֪ˣܰս
ⲻһСƣҲһκС̽Ķ󣬲ǵˣµİźͳﻮҲԲܳһˡ
΢֪Ҳƫȫ
ЦЦ˵֪ǸǵˣᱻŭͷԣȻ嶯ȵͼ˼ά߼󡣡
ʵǵİźͳﻮҲ࣬Ҳ٣ϾڵĻҲֹһȦܹҵģȻֻ˵Ƭ桭
óһϣչ½Ǭݵǰ½Ǭݽӹüͷʱ

ħԺ
ʤȻؿվĳ¼䣬Ĳѡ
¼ԴʡôĿӦ硣ңٲĻ¼ֻһ֮Ľڣձ֣ýһ塣
鹹ʡĳձֲҲû鵽ϣԾԼ׫ˣұʵ
ֱʤ
ʤ仹ãڳ¼Ļ棬һ꣬϶ᱻҾܻǡ
ʤ䲢ûôΪôĸܾǣҪôѳ¼ҪôǱԼʦѦ޵½ڸ
ɲò˵¼еˣһϽˣôؾͿʼ˵Բۡ
¼ȣͬԴʡɽڣΪԺ͵ܶˣΪһ£̶סˣû취ƶ
Ľ˼죬ûг¼Ӽҳ¼ʧ̬̫أΪ˱Ϊڵ棬ҲͲɫװûˡ
һİţȻǾ˾˵ġ
ӵһ̨йоصؿչпλڹ̶ԾļƣչֳĻ
Ȼڶ̨ܳչʾԼĿʼҲһֽչĹ̡
ڶ̨ܳƤ֮ǰѾѹ۸λˡԲ˶ûԤϵ£ڹ̶ȥˡ
ܳٴչʾǿĹַλһͨʽĳ̶ȣڸ㶨
Ȼ̨ܳɾ͸һ㣬ǿ϶ǺҸոôλİɣǺãҾ͸λ㿴
˵̨GʱӦ֪ҵַλһ˰ɡǺãҾڹ̶е￪ʼˣȻǰַλˣΪ̶ýС
Ҿͻһڹ̶ķʽȻ󣬾ӡ
һһصݽ
˶ں棬ܳ㶼һ㻹ôչ̨Ȼ˵̨ѾҪˣҶѾǰֱˡ
ϣܹܳһֻǶû뵽ܳɵ׻ܴĸġ
ţܳɻ͸ˡ
ǣϣܹһĸһ˿
˵ģ㰡
˶ĬţһװԼΪڸеĵͳȣҪëëģôǽڣһǷֹһ
˭һʡмеĴУתʡһҽѧֻ˰
ңҪǣ¼ʵ֪ܳɵַλ˵ģʡʱͼʶˡ
ֻǣ¼û뵽ܳɾȻܹôڹ̶еǴӸϣѹ۵һݡ
ǰֻǸģܳʵˡ

һ̨Ȼܿ졣
C͸ӡϡ̨ҽѲֱת˲
ţһ̨Ȼûȫ飬Լ˯һΪܾã;ͱˡ
ڰΪϱſڣ߽ݵġ
ʱ̴ҪʱҲ̣Ҫȣȫ͸ҪˣҲչԴΪӭܳɶרŴһ̨
ûȥͲˣɹܴҽѲ˸ͻ˲
ǣչԴҲûбȥһԷﻯضչԴڱǸ⣺սڣˡΪȻλڻаţԽʱȲ׼лķˡ
϶ϣ죬ʵǱǸԶǿ͡
չԴⰡƵҽҲ֪¼Ƚڴʲô
¼ڶԲˣȻ϶кܶҪʰ֣ͲרԷͷ绨ѩµģʵĹǿѧۻᡣ
ȥˣֳֻţȫ
һҪȥȥıӲС
ڣõģùңԼСȥԷͺˡæԼȥչԴЦ
ǹǿƵѧͬʱҪƵĸƵͬнʱҲҪٴҵİæ
ʱ㲻ȥӰֻٴˣ÷ӡңǿƵĲġ
ҽʦܹĲξǣҪԣͲ鵽⣬ֻĽλãϥؽھҪܶ
Ĳѵ𣿻Լȥٴǲܣ϶Ҫ͹ǿƶ๵ͨģѰӦĺʲǴҽԺһЩ
ʵȥֻǰԼĴʦûΪһѧͲ÷Լˡ
ֻ͵͵ظܳɷһЩϢʦ֣ȻǿƵҽļƬ£
϶˧
һ𾴺ͺ棬ΪԼǣΪȱ٣ԻһЩݡζܹһȺһָ㽭ɽ
ǰİãⱲӰֻҪܹʡѧ棬Ѿͷˡ
ģ߮ܳһţ˶ʿ׶ξܹ
ڣãԼܿ΢Ŭһ£Ҳܹ׷Ų˰һСĿ꣬ȳΪһѧĽߣԼľ顣
ҪѧϰѧϰԴȫˣڵҪǸȥ˽⣬Щֲλ

ҳ֮Ѧ޵½ڵͰźרţǰõ񳵣֮ǰﻯھѦ޵°ŵġ
ǣﻯѦ޵½ڰŵҲǳԷĵص㣬յǸԤġֻǣķﻯȫʧȥȨȫѦ޵ˡ
һ̨߰˸ˣȻе㼷ǳ¼ڵ˶⡣ңΪ˱ʾԳ¼Զڵأܳɵøӵĺ
ɽ̻νڵǸеǰλ
ңҶҪܳһ˰Ѧ޵ﻯ˶ȥһ̨ħλڣҲˡ
ȻԸҲðѿ˸³
ħԺҽԺħҽԺħԺҲǽĸҽԺԾǺͶλڣǳԹضﻯѦ޵¶˱ԹӾͱ˺ߺˡ
ռȻ˭֪ǻСЩʲô
¸۾һ˵ٺٺ٣ڰǸ֪ҽԺεݣԺܳɣȥϼΣ㰡
µĻʱþǴһ޳ܡ
ΰԼǴƵΣ̵ֹܽԼԴƵܳɷ룬ֻǲΣý飬һȦ
ҲҪȡһ£ǰǰΪֵܵλһֱԹԺĽѧǷǳģرСһˡ
һֱãˣöཻʲСҾǼֵܵλһཻ꣬һ¡
⻰һﻯð˼ɵ֮ɫæһУ˭ҲܺǸ㣬ǵֶ̫ˡ
һ£Ҳͷڣ˵÷ǳе
ħԺֵҽԺ棬ܴġǿʵʵ϶࣬Ǳϵۺʵȴħһڶġ
ңħԺռȻذѼ츳ѧŮķʽ֮󰡣һֱȦΪܴ
ң⼸ߵ˰ڸ򣬶ٵسɳΪ˶һǳܴ˲š
ʼʩ϶ܣԴ֮󣬴ҶԴ˶ǳע⣬һ˺ӣǶǷǳţضύħԺֶΡ
ѧԺĿںš
ǾеԩGڡŽڣҪƣʲôʱ򱳵°ǶԶﴫڿƴġ
ֻĽѣⲻǣҽԺҲһ˶ħĺǣһ֡Ǻܿҵһʦɿˡ
ºܹϵؾܾУҪ˶䣬췽ҲӦԺ㣬ҪȥѧУ롣ȻĻǾͲ
˭ڻȥԺҼǵǰɣһҽʲôˣȥ֮󣬲ʿͱǸˣʱ»ֵ÷з
Ǿ˵⣬ǹǿƣмˣֶΣ
һȥͬ⡣ﻯܹϾܾ
Ȼ˵Ѧ޵±Լǲεݣ̸ʵϣѾ⻰˶䱸Ĵ˵ʲôҲܳ߶ġ
ħ̫Σˡ
رŵħ갡ŮΣա
ʱﻯվͬһսߣͬڵĿԺط϶Ǽȥġ
ҪĻǾԼˣһȥ˵ġ
Ŷԣο϶ȥͻȻһ£ǾǹǿڵĴΣҲǷǳ֮ǰǸģǱԺƹȥˡ
ȥڿƣûˡ
ǲ˵ˣΪǩһϣԼҪ˺ǺѵġɾʵеίżˣҽԺûƵġ
ҪҪҵȻȥ˽Ⱥ涶ϣôڳһ¾Ժ鰡ôҲǲԡ

ڵ˳ԷľƵ꣬ƵľѦ޵ʶģѦ޵ǰκ˾Ƶ꾭ĸ׵Ĺۣ˺ʶ󣬷ǳм
ȻҲΪ˲ٵҵѦ޵ÿ뵽Էʱ򣬾ͻĻͿζʣҪǣҾƵĳڶ࣬ʲôطĿζˣȥ
ڿѵľۻᣬѡͲкܶ
Ѧ޵Ҫ;Ƶ꾭䣬ھͲˣҪϷɻĳ¼ֱԴϵѦڣҪǽٺ;һɡ
ǻһЩ⣬ҪСཻܶһ¡
¼ͱҪ뿪Աʱʡô;Ϲ
¼ǸӣҶ֪Ҳ˵ƣֻǳ¼ȷҪȥѦ޵ҲͲö˵ʲôˡ
Ҳܶµİ˴˰ᣬûü¼䡢̻ε˾ذæͶӰ豸ȣһСܣλ
֮޴С죬ʦǶѧĻܲܰЩѧϰϣܹʼһݰ
Ȼ漰˿ֵܲĻͲ÷ˣһõġ¼ʱޣȻܹôô
Ƶ꾭΢е£˿ܳɣܳɼסˣҲ͹ԹԵ˳ȥҶ໰ȻСıһ٣ɷãԼûط˵ȥ
ܹѦ޵½ôƽƽģǴڣѧϰ˼ңˣȥ˾֣˭ᱻ
˵ãǴڿܻվڽһ
ͨ˶ԴĽѧѧǱ㹻صģرڴڵ˼˼άʱ
ܳҲ˵½ڣż֮ǰ˵ˣʱˣٷģڵϣǲرȫġ
һһѣ˵Ҳʶһ¼λڣҲһЩҪ͸λ̡
ܳ˵߮磬߮ǶѧϰһЩȶȣȻдС˵ǿͿ׵ʱԱˡ
֪εŵݺ󣬾ˣҪʶһµ˼
ܳɵȻþܾ
ҶֻΪܳɵһҪϵѣνһ飬ʲôľ׵ĻҪ˼֮󣬲ܹġ
˶ͷ֮ܳҲûʾأ߮ͺܳԼ߮Ÿλڵĵԣÿڶ֮ͬ
߮˰档
󣬴һ߮磬ǵ˵ͷȽϳ죬еѧ磬Ӧò߹ϵģһѧ
ǣٶ࿴˼֮󣬺ЭҽԺ־ھͰǿһڣǰˣƫͷ˿ܳɣʣС˵ѣС𣿡
뵽İʡģСҲʡģǻʶ֮⣬Ҳ֮С
־ڴǺЭҽԺĻ˵ӣͷ׷׺ش߮Ȼܿ죬ɽҲӦ߮е֡
߮粻رϤʣڣ˵СŶʮô
Сʵϣ沢
߮ͷǳ𾴵غˣڣλʦǺã߮磬ʡĿǰϴѧҽԺоʦǶֽڡ
ҴҲΪ⣬ţȻǵһδľˡ
֮߮־ھͷǳ߮ԼʶһȦⳡ΢е֮ǰҶʶܳɣ¼ʶܳɵʱһ
ðһ΢ͷ߮磬ҲǸɫɣ
ʶ꣬߮͹ԹԵһ䣬ĬĬ֪ⰡӦν棬Ӧ
ڵܳɣڻûõĶĶҲܳɱȽҪġ
ܳҲû˵ʲôҲӣǰ׼õĿμһһ˳ȻͿʼƽֱĽ
Ϊǽڰ֪ʶͻҪ̵棬ֱãܿ죬ҿ϶ϡ
ܳɽַλһʱҲ΢¶һ˿˿ɻ֮ɫΪĿǰûбռĶ
ܿнֱӴϿˣСܣ
ĳ棬ڽĹԼҽʦˣĵĸпСܰͣҪˡܶడ
ǿĿҲĿ
ʤĿЩͣܳɣΪԼӦñ΢תһ룬ԼѦ޵µԼͬѧ֮УҲδڣ׵õ˲ʿѧλ
ûбҪܳı̬ȣȻٿ˿Լͬ䣬ȴԼС˺ܶ߮磬ĲʤԽ


ڶʮ ƥ޳֮ȣ
ڣҪʵ⣬ʵһˣϸ˵ΪӣһPPTܽİ
ǴŹһɣ۵⣬Спڹпλڹ̶ڣأܳɴ󷽷ػص
ߺ㶣˵õİҪص㡣ѧһҪ㣬ҵҵʱˡ
ߺͱûܹܳóϵͳԵĹַλĸҪܽģֻһʣȻըôըԵĶ
ܳҲʹUһPPTȻۻƵĸҼһ£Ĺ۷֮£ЩͿԽַλЩǲܵģҪͨ
⻰⣬ʵϣֱԵģǶԹָϵ
ƵĵһӦ֢
κӦ֢
ܳɷ󣬾ҪصСппλڹ̶ʱͿ¼ڵ˵ɫҲ׷
۵Ӧ֢۵ԭ򣬾ǻҽѧǿƷֻĴѧ׫ġ
׫ָϣҪרһϸ֣Ȼı׼ƽ顣Щˣеһ֣ȫ
һΪָϵı׫Ҫȫ桢ϸ¡ȫ⼸ԭͬҲҪȽ
ָϵĴڣҪģ֮ӡѧվǷַӡˢװɲᣬȫͬѧϰңܶҽ¹ʵУҲǸָġ
¹ش
־̧Сܣһ۵ַλϵͳ۸ˣٴӦĿ͹𣿡
رҪʲôĹۣҪַλʲôĹۣҪԭԵĶֵ̽øĻ
ǻҽҲͬԽԼܴҽԴ
ע⣺ߵĽӴ棬žֻڹǿƣлʦʦүĶݣ˽ӴһЩûӴĶ˱еݣܾ̿΢ϸһЩ
ڴλѼͣÿһֶʵиεءѧؼڣСţԸ⽫ЩһһԴϲķʽͬʦۿģкβָ֮
УǲʵУܳɲóҲʵǵؽʦǳǸ֮ǰַλʱֻڰҽԺһЩˡ
࣬һ׷֮УҲռ
ܳɼ˵øӽؽǶҽӴһЩˣڴ˷֮еģַλĶЧΪһˣѾʯ࣬ʼĹܶˡ
ܳڷǳšΣ˾ˣûû
ڰҽԺַλʮĩʮһ³ڵʱ³ȷЧܺãܳҲ֪Чܺãģ档
ʵݣ൱ޣܳɸ֪־˸ȤĿ϶ܳоٳģԭַָλӦ֮⣬ܳɸоٳַλӦ֮ڵЩ͡
ܳɵĻ˶˳˼棬νš
־һȻ鼫ʣԺô
ɽˮ̶ƵΣԺҲǻҽѧ¾ҽѧǿƷֻᣬѧ鳤Ҫˣ־յԴҪôһ
ɽǿܳ¼ʶķϣܳĶĿغ͹עڶԣƺܳԼֳͨĶҲ΢Ĺˡ
ԽǻԵĶϵԽ
˵ӦˣǻоԲĹ۷ͣôȥøãоder
ͺñȣô˳úһóԵʱѾ˼۸ˣֻǵӺóԺӪѧĽǶȽⲻ
ɽеҿһȦſڵһ˵Źһ¡
ȻǴ˵һЩ㱻Ķһ̡
ʤϾȥŸˡ
ɽӣ˵˼λڣˣ΢ǵһ㱦ʱ䡣
ʵǶ֪ǹһֱ̽ҽǵķ⡣
һڵ⣬Զֹͣ˲쵼㣬ռ治ֻ࣬˵һЩǹǿƷⰡ˵ݣϣҾͶǣҪٴȥ
ɽĻ˶ЦЦûػɽҽʦʱܳɽһˮȻʾܳ£ɽô˵
ÿҽԺĲβһԽӴҲһǹڵҽƣڲϵ³ֱܹ۸ܵľǣڴƵĹ۲ˣ͸ˡ
һЩӹۻƵĲˡǺ£һ̶ϣشǱҪԼרҵʵרҵòҽԺ˵Ĳ⡣
Щϼһﰡ͸ȥл߶ҵԲ˷ˡƣĿǰȦӾô󣬲˵Ҳӡ
ַλȽеĻ⣬֮˲࣬ΪֺãԭҾͲϸ˵˰Ҷö
ʵôʵǵӰ첢ΪǾûеĹ۲ˣÿ꼸ͿԷĻǾͶˡ
ɽĻǳˡҲǳʵ
ڵҽԺˮ̶ǿȫһĵطȱԴôȱҲȱõĲԴûУһѡ
ԣҪѲԴзĻôˮ̶ЭЩҵĶҽԺҪרڽӵ⣬Ȼѹۡ崴ȼﲡŸ¼ҽԺȥ
Ǹڽе⡣
ǣ˵ڰܳɵ⣬һɹ֮·ȥȫͳһô㣬ԲǹãŻݵģһˡ
¼ҽԺҽô죿ԲԷأ
ۡˣǵĲԴڣһҽԺĲԴǵĸҪǶȻ֮ȥѧϰѵʽӸӵĲˡ
ǲΪβֱȥõҽԺأ
ҽҲ˰˾͸ҪԷҪ׬Ǯңڹûʵжƶȣܹ֤ҽĺϷ֮ǰγԷ⣬ǸԵ⡣
һµĹʣǧ࣬ǧ࣬Ȼ󾩶ǧ࣬ܳԷƨûķݶ
ɽ⣬϶ûôǳԣһ׶Ե⣬ҲһҪչ⣬ã͵ȥǷʲôطһǳֵֵ̽⡣
˵ѹ۵ַλҽԺһ궼ѹ۲ˣô죿
ģ120ָĶ֪ǻˮ̶ۣΪǲڴӲ˵ʱ򣬾ѾѴλռˡ
ҲܲҵĽ鰡ǰһٴ⣬ڵؼҽԺȥﲡ˶࣬ҲҽԺһЩӲȥÿͬʱ㿪չٴ
Ҳ˼ͬǵĸ档
˵⣬ɽͷʱһ⣬ǾȨ˭˭ȥ֣˭ȥչȻ󻹳ôֺá
޸֮߰󣬶ԴƵӰ죬ǺܴġǻҪرϸµоһ¡
Ҫ˵ģô࣬ڣǾʲôõĽûУ
ܳɽĻ΢еж˼ȣǳ̡
һʮڵ˿ڣǿЦģÿһ뷨;ǻӰһ˵ġ
õľ£ԽԽΪΪܵ԰ΪҪΪ˵ķ涼ǵ
ֻǵؿǵײأвȫɱ
ڵҽжΣ֪뷨жôЦˡһͳĲʿҵĹרҵ˶ʿ޼
϶˵ҽԽԽ㣬ϸɵϣʮ꣬Ǯ
˼·밡ʮ껹ҪǮ˻ҪǮ꣬ͬѧͽײ£ѵô
ʼĶߣƽġ
⻰һ˲ҽӣҲýӡ
ǽһû˽ӻҲ̾һѻ˹ڣѾǳ̵ġҾãһҪһ㣬Ǿǣǲ
ҲܲһһȥҪǴһȥһȥʵ
ûнͷһĵؼҽԺҽӣҲӡˮҪĻֻǴһͷȥ
ǣʲô棬ҲҪȥʲô͵ѧķ棬̿
ǵʱԿһϵĻ飬£˰ɡ
Ҿã󻹿Ҫ뼸λԺʿԳ棬Ÿܹôһ档ңַλʧڵСппλڹ̶ʽ
һЩ
һ££ǵļǣͷġ
ħҽѧǿƷֻᣬѧ鳤ǾԼϻҪ΢һɼġ
־ԣһº˵ĿǰǿƵĴѧ飬һλԺʿֱھѧһҽԺ301۴ҽԺʡҽƴѧҽԺԼžҽԺ
ǰ벷ϵͦģǲȴԣ
˵ɡ
־ɽ˶֮󣬳¼ͻȻһ䣺λڣǶôȣôúõܳɵʲô뷨ˣ
⣬ַλģ˵ҲԼİź͹滮ء
¼룬ǶⰲǣûǸʲôһܳɲͬأˣȻǰҵˣΣ
ﻯ˿Ѧ޵£ȻʣСܣԼַλĿ⣬ûԼ뷨
ܳ뷨ģҲԺһıĴֻǰ΢ᣬҲʲô
ý΢һ£Ҳԣɾͳɣһ㣬ȫ棬Ҳλڵ˼·бĵطָ
ܳô˵ʱ򣬿һ߮磬߮ʱһֺ󱳷Ĵ
ָоǰܳûᵽġǰڰҽԺܳദʱܳɲһɽûпʼ˼ı㡣
αԼȥ˾½ǬݽӴ֮󣬽Ӵӹ󣬾Ȼĸоܳڳɳ
ңҲÿһ˶þĳɳЩˡֻҪѧϰǶðǣѧȦĶԼǿ֮⣬ðҰ
ѧȦѧȦĵλܳɣϣܹģκ˶ľ֧
ֻһͨˣԿԼѧԼҽƺԼĲ˼ɡԵؿչһԼĿ⡣
ĽӴ滹ҹ㣬ҰθߣԼҰʼ˼ĻôӴˣΡ
˾ȦһɣκɣλԴҲ½ϣʵһǰֱߡ
ЩûҪȨȨҲûиԼʦ˵ԼʦľѾʡѾԼĿ
ֻķʽƽͣ԰ܳ©ˣҲưܳɸ֧ˣ߮ƽӴ棬ͣһֱڰܳΪԼҲߡ
߮ҪڴϣܳɲҪԼ뷨ܳɾѾˡ
λʦ˵һ䲻̫ĻǣΪ⣬̫ͶرԴûرıҪңõľͶӦƥԴҸһƽ̨
ͺñȣڵ飬ʤʦ֣ͱȽʺĿ⡣ܹ༸ʤʦһ˵Ļúܶ࣬ʮǾʤĹ滮ʵʩ
ܳ˵÷ǳ棬Ҳ˸سﻮġ˵䲻ģĻԵĿ⣬߮ȥеСˡҲҪȥ
ܳɵ㣬Ҫæס˲ٵըǶͱСппλڹ̶Ŀ⣬ʺ߮ţʺϳʤ䡣
ܳɵְţǳðʤѦ޵½ڵѧܳɵİţҪЩڶżˣܲò
ǣֻǽ׶Σԣܳɾͻ˵ˡ
һرǱţȥĿ⣬Ȼܹõܶ࣬ʵǶǵһ˷ѣ߮磬ӦʺϵǿһѧƵֿ⡣
Ŀ⣬ܳɻУˣˣҲУӵģٸܣ¶ļҲв١
ЩƳ˵Ƴ֮ǰñֳԼʵȻĻƨ
Ѧ޵һ㶣źԥصҾóʤû⣬ʤ䣬أ
ʤ䣬һ㣬츳ҪܶûֹĻԵĿ⣬ҵĳܴ󣬶ԣͽֲͬƽ̨
öȥǾͲˣ츳ܺã̫˷ѡ
ʤԣе㼤Ͳ
ԲִۣδֹģԵ߸ѧƵĶҪȥܳöôһ鵰⣿
Ѧ޵µı̬̾־ڵȼλϼһ˫Ŀ
¼ܳɱԼ˼Ľڣ˿ҲΪ˼ܳɣʵҸոҪ˼ת˼
̫ڹˡ
ܳҲԱ֮һҲߵˣúܶɵġܳɲԼţǴԼƽ̨˽Ǿúܿ¡
ֿͳеĽڶûġ
飬Ԫƽ֪֪ĻǻãҪǲ֪Ȼ黹ˣ󣬻ᱻģΪЩܳһЩ߿ʹѡ
ܳɾ˵½ڣ֪˼ˣһǼҵĹʤʦ֣ҵĹϵһֱѽ
ǺһѧϰġܳúܣˣȻһЩϸ֦ĩڵĶûôҪˡ
ܹܶ࣬ÿһ򣬶Լķ䡣
˽ľ潻⾡ƽ̨ܹؽ뵽ѧȦ
°ʵȵġ
ͱ˵ܳɵͬѧںǸ˽ȥԱӣڿ棬ҲһͳɼҪߣǶں
ڶںĵλɸˣԼʲô
ûУԼȷǻһЩ
ɽڵڶ̬С˼ĻԸҵѧ㡣
ܳȻһЩǻﻹҪ˵Ưġ
ĿԵĿ⣬ȻȲСппλڹ̶Ժ󣬶Լѧİرġ
һһдַλĴʼ֮һԲۡ

Զ
־͵Сܣ鰡ʱӭģһҪ˵һ£飬ҪΪãҪô׾
ȻҪĻҪЩˣʱذæġ
а򣬲ɷʡ
ֻǣ־ˣܳڿɲǸ˰ŵǾѧҽԺҽԺַλһ飬Ѿڴ̽׶ˣǿɱ¡
ܳ͸ǣʱҽԺԴܳɸԴ
ܳЩɽҽԺĺߺЦЦ˵ڣأ֪ܲʱṩһЩأ
˵ѧᣬҲйһЩġϣһ̽һ¡
ܳͿᣬֻǰҪ϶Ҫϲ·ߣؼľǺߺλʦ
ǴƵģܳɻҪ취ܹᣬߵĻܳɻмܹ˳չˡ
ߺüëһЦЦһ˵Сܣˣ໥϶û⣬ֻԲ
лĻǵǿ档
ıԴȫܵĹǿˣһʰǷǳ䱸ģܳɵĻǲܾܳ˶Ӵġ
߮磬ߺ;ͼ̣ǳڻ߶˵һҪԽ߮磬ߺһֱֻδˡ
û뵽߮ҲܳɹħҲ֪߮ʦηĵġǣ߮ʦ߮ܳһĻô֤ܳɵƷǲġ
֪΢
ַλĿ⣬᲻ʺϣСппλڹ̶һ˼Ԧס볡ǻӭģҲûѻ˵
볡ˣսصɽҽԺĹǿƣҲǴĻӭѽ
ߺ͵ĻлѦ޵½Ƥһ£Ͻڣǽ죬ҪǼоͽɡ
¼ڵȻҪϷɻǾͱ˷ʱˡ
¼ŷӦͷŶԣ̸ѧ⣬Ժ̸԰ɣ
Сܣ㲻ùģ˵ȥַλ֮ϸأΡ
ܳҲͰѵǰPPTˣȻְؽȥĽҲû˵ʲôǽ⣬֮ԾҲΪ˵רơ
Ǵ˵ĹַλͷϷеͷϷ
ܳ潲Ҳ߮磬ҲӵСпڣȻҲһЩǻϣܳʲôһ⡣
ϣܹܳףôСппλڹ̶ĳɳ˼·ġ
ֻǿϧܳɿ϶߮˵ĳɳ˼·ġ
Ϊ۳ɳȫˡ׼߮󷨰߮˺üӣŵõ¿⡣
̡
Ȼ󣬵ܳɽ˹۷ȱʱ
־ڣֿڣˣСܣǸλڣҴһ°
Ҳû˵ֵͰû˵Źȱ£ôư
һ֣۷ȱ𣬻ֳҲǿǸνأߣ¾ԵĹָۣδأ
ܳʵǺܼģPPTư˺ܶӣкüӣûǿϧˣҲûǰúõغ߮罻һ¡
Ҳã־⣬ǾͺȻ
ڣҪʵ⣬ʵҲһˣϸ˵ΪӣﻹһPPTܽİܳɴ󷽷ػص
־󣺡
⻰ôôϤ
Ŷ֮ǰߺַܳλʱܳɾ˵ֻȻ󱻴ˣҾһȦ
ɵô
˼
־ͫ׶һȦһܽİTMǿĴߣǰ˹ô
ȱֲٴΪհ׵򡣸λڣǲ֣̽ǾʹŹһɣϾ۵⣬Спڹпλڹ̶Ǿأ
ܳڿӲˣҽֻص˵ҹӡ
ǰһΣܳɰѹȱֲĿPPTó֮PPTҳһʮҳ
Ƶķ漰ۣ֮ǰַλʮҳһҳʲôⲻǵһʲôȱֲӵеĶɣ
ȻһΣܳתU̵ĹУҷ֣ܳɵUʮPPT
ʮÿһǺһĻ
ȵȣͷƤе顣
ֻǣܳ·ĹУۣǶǣͺץˣͬèצġ
һֺϤͬɴˣֻΣֻݡ
֪ĺ欣ǳʲôжÿͲ㿴ˡ
ȻܳɵġָʦˣվӣСܣϵٶ㣬ⶼû塣
뿴ϸݣΪܸɻкö࿴㡣
ǣܳ϶ôϸؿ˻ôȥ˰
ܳɵĺ׼֮һЩڣСпڲȤĻôЩ׼ͻأһָЩڣչһߺˡ
Ƶʦеʦѽʦѽ߾ǣȥ̽һ£йǿƵЩŵʦǣһݡ
֣
߾ǵͶ״ûͶȻٰ˸ǣ
ٲãǾֻñ취ˣ취ȡùԪƽϵΣùȥҡˡֻǣԼܹ飬Ǿ;Լ
ޱҪòҪ£ܱ
ܳɷٶȣǳؿÿһڣͬɫŮ˵ֱ񣬾൱ɪ
ô˵ɣÿһѧѧˣ赲
˽ڣȱǮ
ôôȱ
ȱҲôرȱ
ȱλҲãǣԼѧλԼ磬ڽ̿Ķ
˼
ۻĿ꣬ܳɰPPTĩҳ
СˣĬˡ
ţ־ڣȿڣǿܳɣתͷˣĩ߮硣
ǳֱӵʣС㲻㣬ħ֮һ
־û˵ԼҪƤǲֱӰ߮綥ǰ棬ֵ֡
ҲҪ㿴ˡ
߮糤úϳɣʵͶʮ꣬Ҳ֪Լ˵ǣǸ˵ǡ
΢һ£ֻԭ֮һȫ
ȫ½ǬݰҸȡģеࡣȻܳɻ찡Ҳܳʵ
ܳҲȷóĶ
־޳ܵĻܿͱһ˴ˡɽ
Сܣֻ˶ʿоݰɣɽʡ
ɽ⻰΢΢˷ۣ񿴼ɷƵģTM˶ʿݣ㵽ǲɽ
ôĻͲ
΢еģܳɻǵ˵ͷƵģڡ
ܳΪ˶ʿݣܶƴ˶ð಻װô֪ȻܳҲ˵Լֱġ
ûҪӲϸڣڻûҵֻ˶ʿоҲûϾõѧʿѧλбѧ˶ʿô
ɽĻֵˣǺáİ
ûȤǻˮ̶ѧѧλֱȥһйزŲȡʩѲʿѧλˡΰ
ɽ˵⻰ʱ˺ĵģʮ־
ˣ
գ
̣
¸¡
ǣɽĻһ꣬ӡӵȾͷ˸ֵָ
Ȼ˲ǱɽĻŵˣҲǱɽ޳󵨵뷨һЩֹɵ뷨
ޡܣɽԣΪɽͬѧѵĳ¼䣬߳һ䡣
壡
ţ
־̻νڵǷֵӵ
߮еʯɽ⻰ѧУһǰҽѧϵǰ


ڶʮ ˡ߮磡
߮磬ϴѧҽѧԺƵѧĿǰŵꡣѧʱλǰѾҵˡ
ǣˣڵһ꣬λǰĴ˵һѧϵĴһЩϴţѧɹûʲôãܹڱڼͱ뵽
ѧʵʵͲһ˶ʿ벩ʿܹġڴ֮ϴѧԼһЩѧߣҵĽżѧλ貿飬뽫λ˵еʦо
ңʱõ˲ʿѧλԺִ̡
Ȼ˵Ŀǰλûо춯صĽĶȻǱϿɵģ֪᲻ˣʵϣҲû̫֪ʲô
ѧʱ߮ǰĴԼܶĿġ
ǣԽѧϰ֮߮ͷ֣ѧżԽߣԽ룬ԽǸȻ츳ɿ꣬δܹﵽλĵز
֮ǰһЩʣ΢ʧȥ˶֮ġ
Ҫһ֮Լѧڣ㹻ĽǷǳѵģһҪ츳츳ż
ż˻ҪʱĻ۵ġ
ҽԺȥɢġĵʱ߮ͷܳɵĲԾ֮Ǹʱ߮Ͷܳˡ֮ġܳɲӦڰҽԺû
ǣӴ֣߮Խط˲Ծ֮ܳˣԽ졭
߮ԼʵҲδûĻᣬʿǰҵ
˵ѪƵλڵĽ飬߮ĿǰѪо̶ȣӦÿھ벩ʿѧλòʿѧġ
ǣ
ϾԵȥϴѧʱ߮Ӵ˸ߵĲ档λߵĽȰ£߮һͷ˹ǿơ
ΪʲôѡƣŶֽأ
ΪǹǿƵĻ
ԽǻԵĶԽԺһҲǾ޴ġ
ʵϰڼ䣬߮ûһرԵĿģÿѧƶ΢һµģֱʱԼĿꡣ
ȻҽѧҲһλǳǰҪһЩɺĻ߮ǲһеġ߮Ϊ׼ʱٴη
߮ĿǰܳĿѧĻڵܳɣﵽʿоˮƽ˿ġ
Ƹ裬ҲǲС
ֻɽڣʱ˵ֻ߮졣
ܳ鹣߮ܳɹ˹ϵµġôǰ֮£ɽΪλ뵽ôһأ
ѵ˵ɽڣа취㶨ԪƽƢ
߾ǵģçײһΣ
߮粻ö֪Ҳû˵ĿȴɨųϵڣԿǵıҲ൱֮ʵġ
־ڣƵĴΣЭҽԺǵӴз˵ġȻɽеçײҲɽ뷨ܴ󵨡
־ȴçΪڣҲһΣϸ˼ɽܹ˵ⷬĵʲôԼܴܲЭҽԺҲ˵ⷬ
ڹԪƽ£ܳɵš˳Ԫƽϻʲô飿ǲһܽˡ
⣬̻εҲ˼
ǣѦ޵ȴڴУɽ仰ѾӰ쵽ĺ档
ܳھԺúúõģɽôһⲻܳɸô
ڣڣðһ°
ǽҪĿѧۣǽѧϰӦҪ۵⣬Сܹŵɣ
Ѧ޵²ֱɽ£ΪɽֲħˣܳҲħˣǰǣڵܳɵĵλħ
ԴӸϽʵɽֱӴӾѧҽԺˣѦ޵иëϵ
ܳɵµѧǾԺ
ɽǾ˼ǵģЦЦ˵Ѧڣصص㣬֧֧ߡֻҶСܵһпϽѡ
Сܣ԰ɣѧУڲ񡣡
ɽΪǾѧˮ̶ҽԺѧҽԺڵλֵܵλ
ܻص˼໹Ǵžϵģǣ˾ѧһģ˹ͷŽ
ңɽ֮ô˵ҲһĿģǴžѧûɣ飬뵽ʱδز뵽
ǣˮ¥̨ȵ£ڲˣѾĴ㣬˵ˣܳɲͬ⣬Ҳǵһ˵ġ
ἰµʱܳٻ뵽бѡķ
һ䣬Ů
ΪʲôҪŮŮСı˸ˣӴĲߵĻͲᱻһͷСջ;
οǰѧļ⸽ҽԺ棬ͻˮ̶ҽԺĹǿûԺʿڣܹܳɵȥ˼ܳɵĺ棡
ܳһ˹ͨѶߣ
ܳɵĶһֲ٣ǣܹˮ̶ӰȴӣôԺԺʿѡʱһµרƽĿ⡣
ͻռݺܴĵľ
ȥԪƽԺʿ͵̣ɽѾüĿֱܳӽӻؼңпܰҲؼҡ
Ѧ޵±ɽĻҭסˡ
źһһ仰Ҳ˵
ϰ֮ǰһѡ񣬵ǳʲôĿİ֪ʧȥһʲôĽɫ
ﻯҲǳһưͿٶ࿪ˡ
ѧУڲôøأοﻯܳɻ졣
ߺ͡ǵֻԶſϷ
ħԺһˣٶһܳɣ߱ܳȥһʲôԺʿĻôԺĹǿƵλħ͸޷ˡ
ֻܳҪǳǶԣʧһξԺʧȥҪ⣬һ̶ȵؽǵľôҶͬһߡ
˵ܹܳɹԼҽԺȻǺ¡ܹɹĻܹþԺ㵽Լ˵ͬһߣҲһõ顣
ԣǾֱӿܳɣܳηӦ
ѧҽԺĲʿȥˮ̶ëȫûеģҵ˫ģκ˶ܸԤ˹ϡ
ڲڣҽԺҲûдԣڵɽռŵĵλ
ɽ⻰ʤ𺳣΢еˣһ
ΪܹܳԽѧԺٴ⣬ѾǹˣȨʱôǿݣ޵ˡ
û뵽ɽһҩֱӸŽ飬ܳھõʿѧλһܹȥˮ̶
ˮ̶ʲôطĿǰٷǿۺʵһĵطҽԺͺЭкܴľǣܹ̾ڵһȻûԺʿСƣ
ܳɿ˿ɽֿ˿Ѧ޵ºﻯڵˣٿһ߮磬ƺҶڵĻش
ܳɾɽĽ飺ڣлĿأĺ⣬ҲˡǣһǾã飬Ϊס
֮ǰһλʦҽʱҲͬ˼
½Ǭݣһ죬нʡƽ̨ģʱܳɾ;ܾˣȻҲйԼϸǵġ
ɽ⣬ֲ⣬Щ棬˴㵡ЦĿϷ飬ʣСܣȻѾ˼һǺʲô
֪ɣҲûá
ܳ֯һԣصʦ˵ѧϰ꣬Ƿܵɣ𣿡
ʵʵ˵ܳɰǮܰҲǮ
ֻܳǮĻôطȥˣڰҽԺǾʹϴѧҽԺȥͿˣʲôͶˡ
ǵʱܳɾס뷨ֺ֧ܵͼҾȻһԭ򣬵ǸҪԭ򣬻ܳԼѧؿԼҰ
ħתһȦȥתһȦܳɵ̬Ұطת䣬ĹҲѾռ׷Ŀˡ
ЩúǻԼġǣԼߵһѾ˸ߵƽ̨ΪβشĥһԼҰһأ
ܳ˼ţҪ
ϵҪάҪ󣬰ʡ¡סеķҪ󡣸лܣԼṩһĻǻٲ棬һϯ֮ء
ȫϵҪлĻ󻷾ȽϰȫҵߣҲܹҪ߲εҪҲл̶һĻᣬ֪ǿڰҽԺڰҽԺġ
ϵҪһѰҪ˶Ҫ֮䡢֮ͬĹϵǢ򱣳ҳϣ˶ϣõ飬ϣˣҲܱ˵İ
һ㣬ù鹦ȨϾܳɲ֪ܹõȨ꣬ǶôףȻȨԸһĹϵǣȷǸܳɺܶ
ǹҪ˶һֹһȺĸ飬ϣΪȺеһԱ໥ĺչˡù鹦ơ֣ˣܳʶˣʵڹǿҽȺ壬ҲܹȽϺõȥ
صҪ˶ϣԼȶλҪ˵ͳɾ͵õĳϡ
øл½Ǭݣ٣½Ǭݵһļֵ¶λʹ˵ͳɾͣ㷺ϿɣȻûܹ֪ͬǣѾ֪ܳ֡
ңҲҪл½Ǭݣӿĳ
ϼ棬˹֮ܳɵĿ⣬ȻڴˡڵȻԣ߮ˣһӶɲ߮һ롣
أܻԸⱻϣܡҲǺصģ˵ǹҫˣ٣Լ˵Լ뵽ѧҲʿҵĻ
ܳɶԸ⣬ڵܳɣǻصϼңܼҵǰ΢һ̶϶ܳڲѷˣȻǵߡ
ĺ顣ܳ˼꣬ô˵
Щ˶ǳ죬¶ɫЩӺͲ⡣
Ȼ߮΢˶Լ˼ά֮󣬾ͿڰæܳɽΧˣվضɽ˱ȭڣðһ¡
ܳɵѣǶɳеˣһ㣬ܳ˵ʵĻܳھѾˡȻҲʵ뷨Բǹ
ֱɺͽһ㹻˵ģҪ˵ɽĽڣеܣ߮סˡ
Ȼ߮ҲҪסΪܳɵһЩĸУһ̶ϵӰ죬ȥû취صȥֲֲܳѾԸܡ
͹۵ܹ󷽷ĳϣϣû˻ȥϸϾÿطɶɶġ
ɽЦЦ˵С¡
ܳɵĻ΢еα㽲̫ʵҲãô
ˮ̶ϴѧҽԺƽ̨һ⣬һô¾ǷۺѸˡ
ھһҽҪ򷿵ĻǮˣһ͹۵ʵȻһѧߣҲǿжģ˵˸߷£ѧУĽйҵĽȵȣ˲ȣҲܹھòġ
ɽܹóܳɵĿǳᶨܹᶨԼʵʵѧѧʣһǳֵص顣
ɽǿ󣬵ȻԼ˼Сܣҵ飬Чһ죬ڿҵʱ򣬻ϣصؿһǻˮ̶ҽԺ
Ĳ˵ϣҽԺۺʵҲǲģ԰ɣڣ
ɱ˲ģɽ仰ģҲɱˣǺܶˡ
ĿǰΪٷҽרҵʵаǸġߺǸɽҽԺĽڡ
˵ǣǴɽĵˣ˵ǣǳԼѧУƤ
ֻӲͷƤ˵ͷڣͶҲǸˣԺרҵȫһء
ۣ
ߺ⻰ļλڶЦˣоͰ¼ڡ
޵һ޵ڶȻˮ̶ĹǿۺʵĿǰڵһλҪ˵ɽȫһǻ΢еĵġ
ɽûжԼոװһƣñи̨£ҪĴɫѿûҪ
һʱ䣬΢еס߮ҲȥѦ޵½ҵ˲Ļ᣺ǽ죬Ƕ̸ѧ̸ѧðɣ
ҪټӼˣһԣһģ
Ӳˣ
˭ϡļӲ˰־ֻЦ˵Сܣ˵ϣٶ˵䰡ǲǽڡֻѧҶںԼ̬
Ȼȥ־仰ԹĸٴʦټϾǻмָЦϲС
ܳɲż½۵Сппλڹ̶
һûٶ֦ˣܳΪͷۣ֮ǰ׼һЩС⣬û취óˣû취չʾľϲ޵ĴȻҲա
Ҳùã㽲СʱǰѸҪԭԭؽ꣬ҪϸڵĶСʱɽ꣬Ͼܳ漰Ĺ棬΢е࡭
Ȼܳɽһ𣬻˶⡪
־ۼֿϾ֣Ȼ󲻵ܳɷӦվСܰҸո㽲ЩͣҲжʮ˰Ǹ㴿㣬ǿԷֳɶʮСϿⰡ
Ͳ֪ھԺʵʩģЩأȫȫĻһҽԺĲܻ΢е㲻İ
־ǳ
ǿΪʲôѣ
ҳǻйؽ棬й衢ƹǵȵȣֽŵĹǣǶúܣֺǡָǡŹǡ
ܳɵۻѾ÷ǳȫˡȾͽˣ⣬ԺһҽԺԲ°÷ֳ
Ѧ޵¶һҪ˵һǿ⻰е̫ҪˣҪطھԺѾǳĵˡ
Ҫ⣬ѧʦͻԺһʲƵˡ
ңֳȥȷܹÿչһЩȻĻǰװ׵İѿ͸ˡ
һûзãѦĿǰŶҪľ֫ĳǡѾǵõһЩˡܳɿѦ޵½ڵɫرÿȻ˵Լĵƻ
ֻӵģλʦʱ̣һЩʦѧĻʱǺܺദһĻ
̽ҲӷЩǾأܳڵ㣬Ҫˡ
̫ϵĲҪù츳ѧϽɣá
ܳɵĻлҶˣһҪǵĸоأѾ˵ǰһֲС
Ҫֱźá
һҪָǺ£ǣѺõѧɹأ»زȥˣզأ
еģ˴˼
ǿǵһǣ߮֡ʱڽˣʽĿҲ㽲ˣܳɣʵһ뷨
۵ķܶӣȫۼһĻǲѧҲӦĲֲɢУܼˣЧӺЩ
߮Ľ飬˲˵۾һʱг¼ڵͷˣҸ֫ĹؽɣؾͰӦĲ׼á
ʱСʲôʱɹǰ˵һҾ׼ý㡣аɡ
־˶ڿ߮Ľ鵽ײ׵ʱ򣬳¼ȴʵϷˣʱΪơ
˲̫࣬Ͻ̬̬Խܹõ˿ⷽ͹;Խռ
ҳԵҸ֫ǵĹۡ
ҸŹؽڹ۰ɡ
Ҹϥؽں׹ؽڡ
ⷢԣ֪ģΪǿϷءʵϣܳޣԼס
ȰһȻȫ棬ΪȰڻԺĽչʲô˭֪أ
еĽڶԼķϷֺ֮־ھָһ飺Сܰﻹһ̫ĽǡʵֲУرá
Ҹƽ̨ǵϵλвȻѵ࣬á
־⻰Сžţ˲ͱﻯڸˣϵڣҪѵĻھԺΪá
һʱ伯̫ĲӣǵĲռĻǻǿҵõġͷħźǣҲϵġ
ϾСھħҲõ԰ɣڡڣ
Ǻͺߺ͵ʱ͵ͷûˣԹǿƷչкô飬Ƕᾡṩġ
ҲСܵܣһرʵ顣
ܹܳħȻõָģȻĸλʵħһоռ˰ٷ֮ʮ
ǺεȴԺ˵Сппλڹ̶Դͷǿ϶Ҫ˵ħʱ΢רһħҽԺǰƣ϶ǻΪ׳۵ġ
ǴҶǳ⿴顣
ħĹǿһֱϲϲϡ
Ǿô˵ˣ׼Աϲ˰ⶼһˣҡѦ޵½ھ׼ϰЩʵȻ֦ˡ
ǣ߮ȴû
ԣܳѦ޵½˵֮˵ѦڣԸԱϲ˰ɣ϶ҵѣ߮磬һЩҪ̸λڡ
ٶൢλʦһЩʱ䣬֪㰡
Էĵ㶼ˣýǶŶӣ߮Ǳ̶ܹġ
Ѧ޵½ڲش⣬ֻǷԸںԱѲ˸ˡ
־ڵҲڴ֮ǰѧ̬УƽؿɲǵѧǾǿһʦɡ
˵ͷϤ߮磬Ҳ֪Ǹ˲ţ˵СȥɣǴһ̽һ¡
˵ÿȴһڸ̱ļƣҲ΢һ
߮Ҳûй֣֮ǰܳڵλãԼỤ˵ͶӰ֮󣬴ԼҪPPT
һԼ̬ȷŵúܵͣ˵λʦҽҪѯλڵģʵٴоһЩɻ󡣡
λʦӦö֪ǹǿѪƣһЩѧƽ棬Ҳ֪ٴУǻ߾ǹǲϡ
ǴƵٴУǾͻ֣ᷢǲǻ˵ǹؽ׵ȸָʵǲͬԭɵĹȱѪԵı֡
ҲһЩݡ
߮Ÿ˵־ڵ˵˾ͷ׷ױ仯ұȻֱø
ӡ¼ڵʱ͵߳
Ǹʲôﰡ־Ҳ
ҵϣû֮ɫ
˵ǴƵһشⷽͻĻô֮׵¹ǹؽ׻߸ԶӰ죬ǹǿƵһ⡣
⣬ӦеģеĴ˶ŵһԶӰ졣
Զڲ֢ǲ֢֢Ǻ֢еӰӰ졣
Ӱǿ͹۴ڵģ߮Ҫﰡ׼ѹǿƵһܳ
ۣͨ󣬶˵ӰûУ
϶а˵ûеĶУκһּ֮󣬶嶼п͹۴ڵӰģϣȫ޷ָ˻֮ǰ״̬
ѧԼĲ㣬ʶԼĶ̰壬ҽѧԴȪͶΪԼĶ̰壬ԼĲ㲹㣬ǽ
߮ԲŲæ˵һֱ˼ôһ⣬ǾǣͨѪ״̬ؽѪˣ᲻Դƣ
ȻĿǰһѵǣ۶˵޷۲õģǣ᲻һֿܣҵ˹ƹۿڲѭ
ôһ룬Ҹҵ룬ռסѧ
߮Ҫ˵ݣ߮ûĹ
ǣ߮⣬ǹǿѪƵĽѧƣҲǹȱֲı⡣
ڹ̶ǱֵĹֲǵġ
ǣֲͬ
Ǹõģⷽ򰡣߮磬ô˵أأ
õģgetˣϾȥģ⣬ȡ߹죬𰸡
߮ذԼȵⶼ˳жʮÿһ⣬ʮֻģѰ˸Ͳȥġ
ԣ߮˵֮󣬴ҾͺΡ
Ϊ־߮ϤʵС⣬ôȥѯһѪأѪƵ찡
߮ʵ˵ʹѪƵʦ֪ؽڣҶзʼǸҵĻظ඼ǡ
ѪȻǽѪ⣬Ѫܵ⣬ǵרҵ֮ڣǹǿƵ⡣Ҳǹǿƻ⣬Ǳû
走
ѪƾûģǿƵҽͲ⣬óˣһ˵ôһ¡־Ǿͳ˳顣
ɽ˼һʣ˼˵ʵĹŪɴѪܵٵĹǰֲ᲻̫鷳˰Ͼֻǹ۶ѡ
ֵ߮ؿɽڣʵ뷨ĸӦãСпڹпλڹ̶ı֡
㿴۶ܹͨСпʵ֣ôǻʱǲǿͨ½΢ۣڳ̬ʹûؽΪʹǡ
ԴٹյȸָĿ֢ܲ
ȻʵĹۿϣֻҪͿĨһͿ㣬Ϳù۱øлҾǷǳƵİ
ҲȡĿǰڹǹؽ׵ıȡѪPRPջƵı˼ѪPRPֻһ̶ȵشٽ´ڲ
߮Ļش˲ɽ
˵ܳɵСппλڹ̶һֿԵʽĻô߮˼·һBT汾ѧϰ
׼ѪƺʹѹؽƸô
ɲǣʮͣΰ֮һǹؽûؽûΪؽ̱ˣĵڶµߣνΰЧ
⻹ûֶãʹ˰
˳Ĭ֪Ӧ߮˼·
ǻ˵˼·ǼõģҪ´ѪܵΣǷǳѵ飬Ҳֵо顣
˼ԣ˼·ܺãĿҲȷ˵㣬о¸Ϳлᡣ
Ͼ߮ҪĴҲܹ߮ĵģܹǶǰ֮ˡ
ܳҲã߮˼·Ǻõģֻ˵㣬ķʱ䡣
ǣѺͺķʱ䣬ȫⰡ
ģ߮еʱ䡣
߮翴˵²ߣҲ֪һȫȫ¶İûõ𰸣ҲͲ֮ˣЦЦ
˼λڣ̫ںøԶˣԡ߮죬εذPPTص
־ԵСʵġ
뷨ܺõģһ֧ȥģҪһЩһЩû壬ʵԵ߸һеġ
ֻ߮ҲԼȥĥˡ
пרƵϣЩںô֪һЩģѧϵĻǿԽ̫˰
һλͬѪƺ͹ǿͬ۷ĴŶ


ڶʮ ѧ
ҲܿͽȻܳɾͷְòͳ¼ȥеӴ
߮硢ʤ䡢ڡҽʦ⣬̻νڵˣ֮Уһϧ
¼ڿһȺѲԥҪҾͲ˰ɡҴ绰
¼ڵĻû˵꣬ϵõɽ½ڣ¸ҪǶᣬԺ۵ĴȻ١
Ҫ飬ǧ򲻿ɴ⡣
ǽڸǴħĴѧ鳤Գ¼ڷ룺ԶԶԣԺ˵еģ½ڣѾǿ·ˣħĵһƬἴʼʱ򣬱Ȼ뺯½ݰٰ
Ϊء
¼֪ȺµϼһԼߣոҲֻǵ٩һ£ĿԶܣҲôŸϻȥ
ɽҲǸýߵģû°˵ǩͿԸǩġ
̾һֵڣڣллǵдһسǣȻɨԴȻҲллԺڻϽڵĲߴͽ̡
˵꣬¼ȥҲԺڵĲߴͽ̵ɶ˼
¼뿪󣬾ֿɽҪѯ
ɽͶ˶֮ǰʱðһСصףڣħ߻һЩͬѧҪݷãԿܵٶ죬ѾǸǩˡ
ǵȻţɽôˣҲ˸ߡ
ٿ˿־̻Σ̻νڱ˵һߣʱ߲߻˵ǹ־ʱͲˡ
ǱԳһŵСܲǣһô˽ӽСʱĿΣҲϢһ¡
ɣϵʱٰһȽܱնҸӹٷİ칫ң̸һ£ãʱǴҲ΢׼һ£ϡ
ⶼһһгͷҲܹСܻѵ˼
ŵȺ󣬴Ϊʦ仰û
ѧϰҪڳѧϰʽ̬ȣѧϰˣҲҪôѧƤصȫͶιǽ޳ܡ
ܹߵһ츳Ŭ㹻֪ʶ⣬Ҫдֹ۵ģҪѧϰҲҪںԼ̬
ӿԲҪϲܶ˵ԭ϶Ҫ˵Ļôô꣬Ҳû취쵽ڵλá
⻰ǵõ˵ͬ
ȻЩ棬Ѧ޵ģ׼ҲȫģȻͲҪٶ׼ˣңزҲ֪ʱ΢ظﻯòʱˡ
ԼȻռȻֲôǰ¶ҲҪʼһ£֪ԺʵǺŽˡ
΢ﻯһȥΣ֮ǰ֮У۶ԴСϸز֮󣬲
ΪûȷȻģȻǵõôڵͬҪҪִ֡
κһ飬һֵ⣬ڷʱҪεġ
Լ϶Ҫһ飬ôԼ׽ˣҪõڶģȻҽԺԺԼħҽԺҲ䵽Խϴĵ⣬źʡ
һԼܹڴελãʱﻯҲûݣҲҪϺϿɡ
ﻯڵռĿԺҪ漷ȥôҲһ϶ܷŹ
Ѧ޵⻰СﻯҲѦ޵µ˼ԳƬ̺˵ѦڣȰСڻȥϢɣǻȥСᡣ
ħԺֻﻯѦ޵¶ˣܹĸ顣ﻯѦ޵⣬ΰɽڡ
Ѧ޵½ЩǺͺߺͽڵ˵˼ͻ׷׵ѦڣڣǶлȥɡ
ԺϽڵˣžͺˡ
ﻯɫһҲûľ˾ǵĻ־ڡϽڡڣҪ;ڵȥСһҪҰǻȥƵϢأ
ﻯħģﻯˣЩڵôģﻯʱȫ̶ͬģŵ÷ǳܵ
ƼˣԼΪ췽ԺʡڹʱҲҪЩãɲܾΪǽڵһϯͰÿˡ
ͬЦģȻ־ڵԼѡҪԼĺȥ棬ȥȲ裬˽˵ѡ񣬾档
־۾һе˵ڣ뾰ںܾûо۹ˣóᣬһ
̻ҲɽٸѡһˣûﻯΪѣҲ֪ﻯո˵仰ǴΪ˵ĽӴ
ڹеĻҲˡ
ﻯ͵˵ͷҲˣͿĿ̻νڵ˸žǵ뿪
ﻯſԼĳѦ޵ܳػҽԺ
ڳϣﻯһ仰û˵Ҳ֪ǲΪܳڳϣҲҲԼ㡣Ѧ޵ȻҲƱơ
ֻǴĽڣȻ˵λӰﻯǱϾһҵģĿǰﻯΣϹͷŽ
Ϊ˿ҵ棬ϣҪﻯΪġһмɵľǼ˸ģӣֻÿҷֻòʲô
ңԼ̫ﻯӣԺԼ֮ﻯôλôڵҲɢʧˡ
ﻯҪܳɵܳҪȥĵطܳɻˣſھ˳˵ڣѦڣȥæɣԼٻؼͺˡ
ûҪô鷳
ﻯѦ޵¿϶ԼҪбȽҪĹ滮ͰţܳȻǿҪˣҲǵϼҽʦ
ڿ˳·ԼһأҪԼﵽȻ˵ҲôȫûҪ
ֲܳʲô

صСܳŻظϢȻһ߻˼ڰ棬߮˵Ŀⷽ
߮һţܳǴһģΪ½Ǭݵ츳Ҫõˣ˭ǣ
ң߮⣬Ʋ˼飬ʵ򣬷ǳϵǰ
ѪǿƵϿ⣬ѪܻѪܣþǹǿƸģܳеһģˡ
һŸջ֮ǰԷ󣬲Űѳ¼ڸȥԷ˰ɣΪ֮ܳɾֱȥ˳Էĵط
Ϊǳ¼ڵвٵĹǿרҪʣԾûнаԼĴ̽ڡ
ûϻظǵԹ˳Թˣʦ㽲εʱƬ
ܳɷʺš
ڰ˭Ƭ˰ⲻѧ
ǳʤʦַģʦҪҪȡĽǶȲ̫ãûбô˧࣬ʱҲӴһЩ
ΪãԼѾԿʼܳƽˡ
ܳɱȹǿƵĳɾͣѧѾ𲽵ĽҺܹܿԼ뵽Ǻܿĵ顣
ܳЦЦô˧ƬͲˡ
ˣǻ΢Ϣһ£Ϣ룬ȻҪȥĽڽѧϰ
ˣǿԳճԸпô
˵ʵڰԷƷ٣ҿζҲУǳĲݣܳѹûԱܳɲϰڲĲ͵Ӳͣû취¡
õѽ˺ֵ
ͿˣʦĿⲻһ㣬ڵĴʦ˵ڵĿ⣬ܻܿùǿٷֳһרƣΪרƣ
ǿƵרƣõľУˡ⡢ؽڡ˶ҽѧǲⶼǹǿƵǰһһŬġ
ܹµרƵģȫǴţȻܱȲЩŵĻߣĳɾͣڹڳһԺʿֻҪʱ㹻϶ûʲôġ
Ժʿ
ǶߵĲΡ
ô˵ÿһҵԺʿǹڵķ壡
ڣЩֻǿĳζѣҲѾˣһڼҲֻԼרڣﵽ۷塣
۷ͿǿټչȥͿǹ⿪ʼ͹ѧרˣ⵽ӰжȻԶ
չԴΪħԺƵĽڣΣеģˣڽչԴҲǴŰ緹һ˺ܶࡣ
˵ؼһ˵ǳ۹⡣
ȻֻԼĸҲԼҲ˵ǱϾҽҵģܹһĽ˵Լ۹⡣
ĻʮֿĵġңҲ˽⵽һЩϢǾܳɻûŮѣңܳɽӴȽ϶ŮӾԼˡ
ȻûжùϵȥܳɣΪԼͱԼүү˽Ȼȥַ˽顣
ֻǸտʼ𲽽׶ΣҪﵽһһ˵ǲ㹻ģҪܶʦһ֧֡ܳɿڵ
׶ΰܳԽؾãÿһѧƵķչһ֧֮ģҪܶ˵
ȻҪĿе߷ӵãҲ൱ĹؼˣµרƣȻ군
ôܶռˣǺô϶Լռ˴ͷŶЭ
Ҳˡʦ֣Ϣһ£ҴŽӽʱ򣬸㷢ϢҲܶ¡
ܳ϶ۣȻ󻹽ΣһҪһѧôȫ֪Ľڶʣ϶Ҳۡ
ǰҲãദʱ򣬱Ҫȱٲ˵ģǸȡ裬Ȼˡ
ãȻҰܳɴ˿Ҳ顣
õġҲͿȥˡ˸õ츳ȻӲŬʹƽˣԼ츳ŬԼø㣬ܹ͡

߮磿ܳԾֱ߮ˡ
װƻˣ߮ĻҲǳֱӣңѾûаܳɵֿп޵Ľɫˣ˵ĴڣԼ൱ġ
֮ôһ⣬ȻֻΪڸڣڸܳ˵һ飬ڰæʱԼҲ˼ġ
飬ҲδؾͱˣҲͬȤ
ĵģƽʱﶼôôܳɷ˷ۡ
߮˵ʲôСֵģⲻǺô
϶ֻĿʼĽԺͻϰˡ
ܳе㿴߮˵ķǾѻ£뷨ôûǰһأ
Ǿ̫æˣԾûʱ䣿
ܳɸովεģ⣬ϣ߮һЩָԵ߮ǷǳȤġ
߮ص
ȻֱӴ绰㲻˵Թǿ֮ѧƣ̫˽𣿡
߮ɼǵð֮ǰڰҽԺʱܳƵĽʲζ̫˽⣬ǴεѪʱ򣬻ܳɽĽʲΡ
£߮ǵãܳҲǵá
̫˽Ͳѧôܳɵѧϰǿģر߮ĹУҲǲȻذһҲѧһЩ衣
߮磺
Գһ󣬶㿪ʼ˵ɡ
ܳ˼˰ڹǿƷ棬ѹһͷڻ׼ѪҲһ£˼Ŷ
߮Ѫƽ࣬ҪרҵģΪԭ˹ǿƵĴƣܳԼǹǿƵˣӴǿƾá
֪ʶĲ࣬Ǻģƣ֪ʶҲãѪƵĻ϶ǲġ
ҾͿʼ˰Ҵŵһ콲˼·ǾãܶŹؽںϥؽڵ֢ԼһЩĹ֯
ܳģзְ߮ҪĿ⣬ʵıšϥؽڵ;ͬ飬ܳͨһ⡣
߮ϣͨһ˼·ͨҩһ⣬ʽһĿһ
ǰ£ôȻģʱ˼·ͻ˰
֮ǰھʱ򣬾ŵҵ˼·ǡ
㵱ǰۺĻΪҪѰҵǳʵؽѪṹṹ״̬Ҫ̬εĻ
һƵ˼·һûϵͳΪ
ܳɵٲ죬ǿóԷ߮磬е㼱֮ǰĵ״̬ȫûˡ
ͨһʼi߮籾Ӧû飬Ǳ߻طһЩ˿ȫûˡ
ǳֻ
֪߮רҵǲýһЩеרҵʵģǣȻ˵жʮӣȫܳɴģľ顣
ʵѾ˵ԼһЩϣ߮署˺һЩ̣ȻֻǸε״̬֪ܳƾ߮Ĵ϶ܿƳеĿƷ˼·
ͨʱĵڶʮʮ룬ܳɾ˵ҵĳ뷨ҪĻǵõһ¡
ûʱ䣬ߵӣǻһۻᣬʱĽҲڣǸСϣϸһɣȻĻپһ£̽һ£ôʱ⡣
߮Ĭʮӡ˵á
ȻһЩǸոڽ˼İɣ
ܳ㶣ѵԼװƲɣˣΪʲôô˵
Ϊոյ̸УȻҲ˵һЩûἰרҵ֪ʶǻһ󲿷ֵĿհף㶼֪ҵķȣҲĸһЩ
ǣƵ˼·ǵȷеġԣҿȷЩ˼·˼ģûر׼
ܳɵĺе㷢ⶼܹ߮Ժ߮ǰ͵øӽЩ˰
ܳҲͲˣҶѪƵ⣬ȷȽϵҲſʼӴġ˽ÿ϶롣
ѧ࣬רҵǰ̸רҵЩЦ飬ͺñ֮ǰܳڰҽԺʱ򣬾ҽǹǿҽָֻš
߮ǰԼҲ˰ɣģڣҲܹͨģ⣬ʹﵽ߮綼ŷĲΣΪҪõļܣֻһⷽѪƣֻһС֧ߡ
ȫ档
߮ЦЦҸ㽲ЩҺϤ·ܲܲҪȨѧҵĻҰ
ʵֻǲԸȨƽϣѹͲǸһеģҺƽôûرô
㣿
ˡҾ˵˵Ҳû£츳ǻԵģڹǿоô룬п˽ѪƣҲ൱ˡ
߮Ļеִ򣺡ȥúѧϰһ£ģ
𡣡߮
棬Ѿ˻һһЩϣ㻨ѹȥѼֱӶ㡣
֮ǰСппλڹ̶ʱ㲻ҲĿⶪҲûв˽
ֻѿѣҲΪ˲
֮ǰ㽲ֻǲƶѡ
ܳɾ֪߮϶ǸȤ˵ģȻ˵Ѫĳ̶ȣҲ㣬棬һǱ͸ĺðɣ
˵ۻ
ܳͻȻԼеƤУȻǼˣ̸һ¡ھͰϷҰɣ㿴
߮羹Ȼصϣû뵽ģ֪Ļܳɿ϶ǺƤҪģˡ
ҲûϵģҲһģ˷˼δѡ
ǸϵĽչ룬Դһֱ˷ѵģˣ߮Ŀϣ΢໨Щ
߮ĺôҲ˶ĺôˡ
Ͼ˲ţؼĲ֣ˣܹܳԽ࣬õĽǣȻߺܹҲȻǶȳźá
ҲƣʵһȽľⷽ
ôıһ˼·֮ܳɵ̬΢ƽһЩ
߮ҲûϻֱӾͰȫ˹ȻϢ˵еҲˣȫ˵иʮGǰһԱɡ
Ȼصٶ̫ˣӦòȱǮɣֱ߮ӡ
ڵ̻ԱѾʮƵˣѻһĸѣܳ᲻á
Ѿˡܳɾ˵
֮ǰεʱ򣬼ǧǮˣôܻ᲻ԱȻǱոǣܹĺôֻ΢һЩǮĻǲܾġ
ǾС

߮緢Ϻܴ󣬹ؾͻ˼ӵʱ䣬Ȼܳɾȿܸ٣ҲǿƵ˼·˼·ȫٷ
οףο׿õĹ۵㣬һһˣһЩ۵㣬߮ǰоܳ΢пһ¡
Լ߮˽⣬ǲ̫밡˵õҸúһġ
ܳɾãѧҪչĻǵöϵĿȡĹǿƷչһѧнϵġ
û٣ͷϢˣΪǰԼ˵ġ
ܳҲ¥Ȼ밲ȥһԷˣ˺ܶóԵĵطܳɷˣֻһǳͨĳ˹ݡ
Ҳûܾܳѡ˵طʲôʵûôҪ
֮ܳɲΪǸ˵ҵȻҪȥΣԻǰ׼һ£ʱ䲻رࡣԵɡ
ţãҲôġܶ¡
֪ܳɵҪΪ˳Է˷̫ʱ䡣ңҲûܳɵҪЩʲô
ΪʵҪѧĶҪѧϣĿǰɶȻٷ֮һĴʦչԴ˵ˣѧϰֻǻѧ֮ﻹ˽ϡ
Щ϶Ҳģ򲻵ġ
ܳǸЦЦ˵죬ҸȽϺõĵطԷлл˰
ϾսڵĻҹҺкܴĸʱdiss
⻰ڣܳԼﶼ΢еˡող΢ʧ񣬱ܾͱˡ
ɫ΢죬ϸãûУʵսҲġΪЩϸвá
ҽˣǺģϣҲܹ
˵͸пһ£̧ͷҹһԶ
ܳɲ׽˰Ļֻ˵ңԶ˵ܡѾᵽĺôˡ
ĬĬ˵һ䰲ͣȻ͵ſˡ
밲һѰ͵СſڣܳɾʹȥѦ޵½ڷĶλַȻת߮硣
Ѧ޵½ںﻯǰԼѧҲãΪڣǶٴĹףƵĲ˵ȵȣǱԼġ
ҪأֻǸƺţҪ֮ǰЩˡ
ܳǰȵˣűʼǱһֻܸ߮٣һ
ʼǣ¼ܳɱеϰߡڵϰȻܺá
ңܳѧҽȻһ㣬ʵϣʣõģھ͸׽ܽˡ
˲ʮӣ½½ˣ̧ܳͷһﻯѦ޵½Լһܳɲ̫Ϥˡ
ǣʤ䣬ȻҲУܳñҪʱϵıʼǱ˵㣬һݡ
ô츳ˣôŬ
ĳɹأ
ܽˡ
ڣѦڡڡڡܳվشк
ܳƵʱ䲻̣ڲ̫ϤĸĽڣҪʶġ
ﻯѦ޵µ˿ܳǰıʼǱ󣬶ûѹԼЩ˾˵ǿСôѧϰģƽǽֻΪôǡ
һȺ˾Եͷ
ܳ߳ҪǴкʱ
ﻯھ˵Сܣǰǽǣǰһţλã档
ҾҪǺúÿൽôġ
Ȼﻯô˵Ҳ֪ܹߵܳһŬʵǴҪģѧ棬ȱڷܵġֻڷܹĶرࡣ
ܳЩеΣҲûţٺЩʲôڵٹǫĻǱĽˡ
˵ڣ⻰ˣʲôʱ򣬴Ҷ໥̽֡
ܳɲСˣ߮ող©ҾͬѧںǸ⣬ҲڵӰС
ʲôλ˵ʲôĻûǫ飬ҲûнִպãͲˡ
ڶܳɵĺøоһЩȻ˹Թ֮ٸںʽؽܳɡ
λȻ֪ˣǿܳɵʱ򣬻е죬Ц˵ڵˣԽԽ˰ҲҪúѧϰȻܿͻᱻˡ
˵ֻǴǫġ
ʦô˵ɱˡԺٴУҪָ̡ˣʦõĳƺ
СһλڣǺܵͼĴ󡣰֣ˡڻֵ۽磬ȫͲֻͣܳɲڶѡ
ΰҲû˵ʲôǾ֯ģֻǿԻǹԹðɡ
һǵ˹ȻҲˣﻯ΢һЩΪҲ֪ԼǿˣûаѿҰ
ȻĻǲˣܳڵĿеλǾԺڵԺ
ȻܳɾͿ˺ߺͽڵҲǵˡŵĶ飬뾰ǲࡣ
ٽŵľ̻νڡ־ڵˣǶǹ¼ҹˡ
Ȼ󣬻һܳɲʶĸڣ໥ʶ֮󣬲ãλǳ¼ڵĴӣĿǰǻҽԺĸˣⱻ¼ڽħġ
ܳɷǳʶ֮˶롣
ܳɲûеһȥﻯڵϯһˣվ̨ϣ˵ȣҪлһǵľ鳤Ǿ鳤˴ƣʱٰ˽ôһС͵ѧ顣
ǴҾһôᣬһ໥ѧϰ
ǽѧϰˣ΢е㲻ͬǾǴһ𣬳ʽĽѧϰӭҸ㼺ԡ
ˣ˾ѧҽԺܳСܣΪλμ򵥵طֳڡȻгһʮӵϢʱ䡣
ڣƼʱһСʱ
°볡ڸԷԣҲռݵʱһСʱͿܻ΢ൢһЩʱˡ
Ǿ鳤ܹ֯һεѧ飬ΪˣҲŽˣǱѧϰġ
ﻯĹУܳɾվԱߡ
ȸСȫҪĹأǲƵģϯǴϯֻǽߣȻҪҪػҪġ
ܳɻˣ߰ᣬ˿߮˶Կ˼ۣȻ໥Ųһλãתͷʼ
ܳ˽̨ʱ򣬴ҾͶֹͣ˽ȻĿ˼ؿ̨ϣһСӣ˽̨һѽں͸ڡ
Ҳӳ


ڶʮ ֱȳˣ
;ʲôʱħ῿߮ʡ
֮ǰھμȫҽѧܴʱʶ߮磬߮ͽС֣ͬ˵õųơ
߮ɨһۣʦ֣ܹܲȥ˰㲻ҲõصȽô
ЦЦ߮ȸߣ΢һ߮ϳɱδɵС
˿ϸ֮߰ɫȫޣЦЦ㻹ûشҵ⡣
߮ͳܳڵķŬŬ죺졣
̶̼֣ıø㵣Цɣ֮ǰûȥ֪ʵڿˣεСѵ࣬³˭
Ǭݹ˾½ʦ֪߮粻÷ô˭أħġס½Ǭݡ
ؿ˿߮ϵ赭дôܳɿ˹ϵʶǹϵѧ
߮ЦЦһĪ˵黹δ׶ǰֻɲ˵
᣺
ɶ˼߮⻰ʡԵδЩ̫࣬һʱѷӦĥ͸߮绰ﻰ˼
߮˵룬ʣǧңܻڶʳ
͹ѧǷ˰ɡ
ڶʳΪʲôͷǵǻڶʳأ
ǧҪˣܳɿʡģĵѧȵȣһжδü߮ϸϸ͡
֮ǰܳȻħתģֻίкĵʡ
ңܳħһʱ䣬ⲻֱϸôҪߣܳȻѡ˾ѧҽԺҪôߣȴдȶġ
΢һ£һ˼·
˼ǣ
Ҳûʲôر˼úɣܳ׼Ķе㶫ġԻȤ߮Ҳû˵͸
ٴλһƣ˷ۣ÷񣺡֮ǰھѧҽԺʱһʦѾСппλڹ̶
ܳȻһۣҲǿʲôģ
ܳ˼ֲ֡
߮ͿһۣҪһֱô룬Ǿ˼ˡ
߮ڳԼ΢˼ٿ߮粢û˵˼Ҳӣܳϸϸ
ŸһıֱӴ
תͷ߮磬߮ȴֻԿӦҺ̨ɨŸָݣ˼ȫûܳɵĽϡ
֪߮ˣ϶ܹһĶõġ
ûʵġ
Ҳע΢ָ˶һЩѹʣЩۣļٵģͲȤ
߮ǷȤ˿ȴѾǱܳ𺳵ˣһܹԿһרƵۣ߮羹ȻôƵ᣿
һĶùȻãܹѧĶ϶ר־ࡣ
ѾˣҲ˵ҹǸܳɻģЩͿ˰ʮˡϸĻ϶Ǻᵽľġ
ĿǰѾڶʵң˽ʮ̨ƵȻˣǲǶ۵⻹ʵʲ̡
û㽲
Կеľ˵߮ĻboyȴԼ߮˵Ļ
˼Ѿܵ˽ӽյ㣬ȻԲܣԼŸ𲽡
˲û˫˫ҲʼȻ
ܳɽ֪ʶǼܣỹҪԼѪ⣬һЩȽԵĶܳɽ˳ʱޣȻ˵еϸڡ
߮翴ȥˣǾ͵ֵĺ̨Ȼ󷵻صVXҵĺѣ϶һݡ
˵Ұϸ϶ˣĶϸһЩ
ҲǿȽϸȤԲŷ㣬ȻͲô㡣
ȻҲҪžͿһϵͳֱȥʵˣȻƵġ
ʱһֻûпʲôǷļҪһ̡ͷ˷˵ôܣֶԼģûʦһôɵ𣿡
˲оԼһֱ߮ĸо
Ҳû취Ͼ߮˺öಽġȻʣȻǺǰһôһɧ
ðɡ߮һЦЦ
ⲻǱȻѣ״̬Ѿܾúܾûˡ񲻽̬һʶˣ߮Ȼ̬泩
ټϣǰʱ;Ҳ൱ġ
ͺܺʣ֮ǰھʱ򣬼Ȼܳѵûһָоô
㶣գգۣдС˵ģֱȽϷ·˼άôTMǸеġ
Ϊ߮˵ˣ˸ϸۣͿԲܳɽˣʱ΢ʱһ£϶úܶࡣ
ҿ˶䣬֪ĵϣ߮ܳɶû˹
ֻǺܿϧǴƵģûлֱӽӴҲ͸Ȥ
߮̾һֱĦֻѱӣʵɰġ
ҾͲһҾͺ֪֮ڸܳһ졣
᣺
ӣ֪Լ߮˼ھСѵϷһУ̾һ
Ȼؿ˿߮磬Ҳû߮Ļر߼߮ԸǴѵĻᣬøܳɣ϶Ҳܳй
Ӻ棺ܳһ˶ã
Сѵʱ죬ȥǰܳɲϤûĽӴоԼѹ졣
ѹֻܳѹƣҲѹһͷ
λãܲܣΪڵڶλһڴһɽ͵˶ڵĻٵö෭һɽ
һ¶һɡ߮һ£һ¡
һ֮ܳɾͱƸˡȻʱ߮绹ְܳɴħԺҲˣǴƽˡ
Ҫƽʱʱ򰡣ƸûֳҪܳߵԸ߮룬ܳһ𶼴ôãҪˡ
߮ˣȻĻԼʦֱһġԼҲ档
֮߮ûôҲرֱӵɾǣǰܳҪͶµİˢ˰
߮ѡһӺʵķܲɵľǣܳ뿪߮ҵˡǺܲ˵ľǣҲܳɱƵʦ֣ƽͻȻߺҵ
˲Ͷȥһѵܵĸͬܡ
߮翴ı飬ҲֻܺεرʾĬϣشĻ뷨ǶԵģҲĦ

ͬʱΰںɽܳɽϰں
ֱӰѦ޵ºﻯȥ¥ݼ䡣
ΰֱӶѦ޵˵ѦڣСܣƵʱ䲻˰ĺöò£ҲӦôһæŶ԰ô㵽氡
ΰѾûйϿԳˣû⣬ȻԲ˸ǺȵûģϾҲΪȾͽӴһء
Ѧ޵ֻǰĿתﻯ
Ȼ˵ⶼεİšҲǷܳⲻã͵һʱؽ»㱨Ρ
ҲΪӣܳȨʱҵȫ־ڡ̻νĶڡ
еԹؿﻯ˵ǿߣյֳ鲻̶ʱ䣬ΰ滹Ҫࡣ
Ϊĸģĸ˵ֻǾﻯҲ̫չ˿ֵˡ
Ҫ˵һܹԵ£ǲֳûϵԼԼġԸָˣҲԸȿֵܡ
͡
ﻯп˵ͬǻ͵˿ɡ
û־ˣֻΪ˿Ѧ޵µʲôҽԺĸڣȫ־ˣﻯԼû뵽ġ
ﻯ˵ѦڵȷίҸܳҵר飬ҲҿǷ׵ڣڿҪ𷽣ҽԺ
ĿҲ׵ģ϶Ҳȳɼġ
ʱһæȡѿߵǰȥ
Ͳ粻ͣʵʵԼĴ󣬺ôܹеεﻯ֪Լ˸ˣǵĿǰΪֹȻûҵ˭
ﻯôˣΰҲֻԵ̾һ
Ȼﻯ˵ʵΪεĿ̫ˣҲû˽ңֵܵλ˿⣬췽ȻħԺ
ԣʵҲûпܴ󡣡
ǵġ
ԺֵҽԺѿĽ˳ҪħԺʱЭ̿Эߣﻯ׼ʱ¡
ֻǵʱ򵽵׻̵ܲʲôôͲö֪ˡ
Ѧ޵¼װ̾
ﻯֿѦ޵һۣ΢еҡ
µʼٸߣʵѦ޵°ƥ򣬲£Լôһӡ

ܿ죬ʱϰ볡°ڿξͽˡܳҲǲԼ׼йǹСппλڹ̶˼·ʵʲ˼·һš
ûȫǱ֮ǰڳԷʱ򣬷Ǹܣؿһء
ȻܳɵĽγһСʱȻúܶ˶δҪܳɻûнȫҲûϸ
ǿƵݺܶ࣬ͬĵطҪϸҲȫһ
ңȻֵĿ۾ôһ㣬ʵϣںѧϰУҪеĹСпڹ̶ѧϰġ
ȻĻֻг߹ǻᣬȻŹǾͲˣûôͨⲻͳô
ǣһ֮󣬿϶ܹͨظչѧϰӹɵġ

ܳɵĽνУ
رЩѧǣܹ谡õܳɻֻһѧݣȴʸôڳΪڣΪѧ̫õȴ顣
һȥ࿴飬ͿԴ򷢴ˡ
ϴͬкʹУκζ˵ġңܳڽ̫̫ߣҲ̫ʡ
ʱ򣬼ʲڱȽʵʵĶԱȣпܳŻȽǿҵļʣ̫ߵĻͲ˼
ǵгЪϢʱ䡣
ܳпգ΢һʮӵĽΣ֯ԣ֯˼·ȷһΪķѾ顣㽲ΣҪݸһҪ֧ܣ
ͲˣҲܳᵽ˴ʦͽǵĲס
ҲᰡܳɾãŻʱ䣬ȱŴʦȥȽϺãȻĻʱѧ϶Ϊ鷳
ν֮ʵ˺ܶʣǣҲˡ
ڵ֪ʶǿ֪ʶ㣬ǵĽͻѧǿܶ࣬ǵļʶࡣ
Ϊأڽ¶ʱ򣬿϶ǲʱˡǴӴ֪ʶϵ֧֮£һ˲緢֪ʶҲһѧܹġ
ԣ֮£ʵǵĽһ˶ʿʿоҪһЩǺĺô
ģֻѾר˴ɵĻڣˣгЪϢʱ䣬һǷǳµİʱ䶼øܳɡ
ŵĽڣ϶Ǿþɳģָѧμ˲ΪߵĴ֪ڽ֮ϢǺбҪġ
Ȼô룬߮Сֻûֹˡ
߮ܳԱ£ˮʱܳɣоΰ
Уʵڽεʱ򣬻֪ʶϵ飬ҲһѧϰḶ́һȽС򡣡
еۡܳɸп
⽲αԣֱ۶ˣҪӼо˵һô˿ŵ£һ˿󣬶ΰ
Ժϰ˾ͺˡ˽ᣬǼ档
Ұ㷢ҵĲϸˡ߮Ȼͺذܸܳɡ
վЦЦɸ磬þò
ʵҲûþħ֮е࣬ûʱ߮Ҳˣô¡
Ҹһ¡ܳɶ͡
ˣҲҪŶˣˣҪĽͻҪġ
æҡͷ˵ɸ磬°
˵ʵڵģӦøҽһġǿĿǰҲ򰡣˵Ĳرࡣ
ǹؽƵģǶǴƵıҰ
֮ǰ̸߮ĹУ֪ˣܳҲǴƳģ߮ҲǴƵģⲻҵ˹鴦
ֻǣôһ⣬ֻǴ߮磬ûаϣԼ΢һˡ
Ժ߮ܳɱȣֻгƨķݶ
ǣЩܳȴرͬСппλڹ̶رϡĿˣѾһһЩ³ˡ
ֻǰ󻯶ѣʵӰУҲޡ
ң߮ҲԼҪĿ⣬ҲԼ˼·ֻǰ˸æСŰ϶ҲԼ뷨ġ
Ƶģǿ໥ѧϰͽһ¡߮ξʹԼĿ
֮ǰȫû˵ҡܳڵġơ
ԣɫһͱȳˡ
Ҳܳɵһ£˼·Ҫ˶찡
߮ţ㲻ֱܹӸʲô֮ʳ츳ˣǶԼİġ
Ҫϲʲôٺ١
ⲻ˫Ӯô
ģɱڣѾһۣһֿǰ棬ǵ뷨һЩָ㡯ˮɵ顣
ͻأȵܳ鰡
߮üͷܳɵĻü˵ʵǹܳɣֻûô̬ѡ
ᣬóʱ䣬ȵİߵȷһԵĿ⣬Ѫƺ͹ؽơƵϡ
߮粢ĿʵΪаգԼѹؼĲ¶˭ߡ
ǣ̣ҲбҪġ
һ˻ٿѣ޲·֮ǰһֶ˿ԼĿ˶ʮֽ䱸
ûţȻ߮ҲãܳˣӰҲ󣬴˻һ
߮ͰѴŵ˼·˳ܳҲԼһЩ뷨ȻѪƲ㾫ͨĶҲ飬˼άڵģҲܿgetǸ㡣
ԣҲһЩ飬ȻδضôãҲǾвοġͬʱҲԼԴƵһЩ߮ܳҲ̸ķ΢תƾ۽һ¡
ôһİгЪϢʱѾˣջİţӦõ°볡ģǴɺܳɽʵˡ
Ǿǽ󣬾Ϳˣܳɡ߮⣬۵ҲȽ棬Ǿ΢ܳʮӵʱ䡣
СֻڶѾ۵˱ȽϹؼ;ʵĲ֡ʱĸ
Խ˵ԽǼңѧ鳤ҲǿڴŵСܣ΢һ°սĻճ̰ţӦɵĻˡ
ܲ΢жһ£Ȼ̸֮أ
ܳԣʱ΢еΡ
ܳɸƵվ߮Ĳã򾰹ǵĿе죬Ҳö˵ʲôȷڵĳϲ̫ԡ
ǣ˵ʵͬ໥ͨͽ³ɼװƣ̸ͬһѧʱһܡ
־ܣһĿܹġ
ǣϵź˲ʹ̼ĶʦҲɽҽԺĺߺͣߺͱվڣܴܲһ£һ뷨
ҸտСܣСԼҵѧᣬ̸ǽһЩʲô¡
ȻεѧĻôӦóԣʵҲҪСܣҾٿ˽֯ʱʡ
ڣҵĿϣܿǡΪϯбҪټջ鰲ŵĻҲǿԵġ
ĶԺߺʹѣߺָܳأΪѧ
ߺ⻰ռ˴塣
ѧ飬ʽĽν󣬾ӦǳԵģǾԾʽģҴǧӡ
ߺ⻰ûκһڽӡ
ܳɺ߮˶ԥΪܳɵʦڣ߮ʦҲڣ˾û˰æ˵Ǻʵ⡣
أ־Ҳվ˵ڣҪӦ˺ڵĽɡҾãҪʱѧѧĲУǺ顣
ѧ飬ܾȣʵѧǵĲȺܵͺܵͣػǸѧ˾ࡣ
־վ̻κɽ˲ûվʱ򣬿ɲ˶ܹġ
ҾԼĹǣܳеĵλħԺħԺħĸҽԺԺƵΡ
ǿƵۺʵ᲻ᱻϴƣҲ֪Ǵƣ϶ڶ̶̼ڽϴƣûлӴģͻᰤ
ԺĹǿƣĿǰۺʵħһżǺȻ顣
΢΢˫Ŀ΢һ£һȻںڶ뷨ҾͲˡ
СܣΪǴһһ£Ǹոֵ̽£Ǿ˵
ܳȻ͵ڣڣ۵ģȻ߮ǷǸڹؽڡǱеӦÿ⡣
һЩط˼ԾͶһǳǸŵ˸λڵʱ䡣ǣģ߮磬ֻԸ˵㽨ѡ
ȻڽĹУҲ˵ԹǿһЩǾͶһЩѡ
⽻ʱܻ᲻ȻشԼ߶һѧƵ˼ȫû⡣
߮Ŀ⣬Ҷ岢ǺܴȻд¹۵㣬Ҫʵʩ̫ѣԸոܳɵ仰ʵþеΪѡ
߮˷һҵʱ䣬δҲ̫вֵˡ
СǸ⣬Ѿˣ뷨ܺãҲӱǣڱϾʱ䲻ˡʱޣᣬһ뷨ɡ
߮ɫҲû̫ĲкöҪȥԼѵô
Լһħʱ߮뵽ԼĻ᲻ܶ࣬ǴҶǶ֣Ҫġ
룬ҲվŽŵ飬˽̨
û׼PPTֻٳӣλʦոʵҲ߮ͬѧĻϣһ£˴ιȱǼȱʱҪô
ؽѪؽ߹ǶؽǷʣȻˣȱʱΰѼⲹ̶ȵرûߵĹ۶ȡ
УǶԿڻ󣬶һ̶ȵۻΡ̺ۻأǳӰ컼ߵۼȡ
Ȼ۵ķ򲢷ε죬ǲ෽졣˲ûر߮ͬѧǰĿһЩķ
ܳɸոһ
츳ȻǲģȻĻҲڵĳɾ͡õϵ룬ħһһ˶ʿͲʿ
ħԺųŵһŮĶն£ѧƵȥμ˶ҽѧСѵࡣ
˼άǳ
ǣĽϵˣɫٴɫ£üͷ塣
ΪĻĽ⣬ǴƵһ
ʣǰΪⴴ˵Ĳۻж٣
ʣǰִ˲ۻۿɼƤж٣
ʣЩ˵Щ̺ۣǷӰ쵽ǵ
ʣ㲻ˣûа֮ģ
봴Ƶı֣ƣҲһ۵ľ꣬ᣬѾڳĿǷΧ֮ʱ
ڴ˵µĳ񣬻ĵ尾ⶼ֮Ҫ
ңὲݣǾôһ뷨ܹۻ
ߺʹ˿Ѿ̲סֱվͬȺһģ̨ϵᣬ۾еʪͬʱе𺳡
˵ѧ
ѧ

ֻ˵ܳɸո˵ʵЩ˵𣬲ߣؽؽƤؽǹǿּϣֻII
ԣܳ˵һЩ̫һĿؽʱ򣬻һЩϸڷ棬ԲϵŻڣǵάĿԺǿѾ˲˵Ĳּ֯Ȼ
ҵ˼·ҲȡǹǿƵƵһЩ˼·˵תλԻùܣת͡ǷҲͬһдֲ
˼·Ǵƹȱһ֡
֮⣬ո߮˵ģڹؽ׻ߵĹؽڱǻ֯ıҲҡ

ÿһ仰еѧƻ֮ϣеۺϡ
е𣬿϶а
ûеǰĿǰѧƵۻܳ߸ǰеĻۣĻĻеġ
أֵ鲨ģͲԺľǽˣǻɽҽԺ١ˣ
١ӣɽҽԺƵĽڡǸɽҽԺġ
Ķ˵ֵҽԺ֮䣬ǴԵľ˵뷨˼·ʵ˵Ļôƾͻֻ
⡢֫ƣֶݿֵܽݣǹǿƵġ
ɲֻǳ˹ǿưųţƵħԺƣҲᱻ
ֻǸϵݣϵҿ
ǵĿͶ䵽١ϣһĪĹ顣
ǡ
˼άǳľǽڣ˵
ܳͬѧ˵ˣ֮ԻоЩΪ֮ǰڴƣΪԵʣIIӴȽ϶ġ
ֻǵʱֻһ˼·ĳΣڣþһЩȽ꾡˼·ҲˣŶһ
߶ŵ˸λڵʱ䣬ҵ˽Ļճ̣Ǿ÷ǳεĵط
һǾãһֱȽϽ˼άĻ΢󵨵˵һ仰
ǹǿƣֹдơллڸ˵ôĻĻᣬҪģȫˡỰϣһ
ȫį
Ψ߮ܳ˿϶Ƚ϶ĵط߮תͷܳ²۵ֱȳһ
ˣֵܳؿ߮硣
߮˼ܳӡֽģԣ߳ô


ڶʮ һ߮
ὲ֮󣬺ߺ־ϲͬ΢еûڣĿ˼·ʵǲĳ˴󷽵طġ
ֺÿӦõǹ̽ʵʩ˼·滮
վͶ˻֣С࣬Ѿǵ˸λڲٵʱˡ
ȻǽĿһվ˵ոС˼·Ƿǳģֵ̽һ¡
ǻʱҪ˽ѧ⣬ҲͲʱˣҾֱ⣬ʽʴ𻷽ڡ
˵ʱܳɾվ֪ԼӦվɻˡ
ͬʱ̨ŵĸλڣȴ˼
Спڹпλڹ̶ǿԵģڵġֻܳɽ۸Ӽɻ
ܹԼĶص·ֺαȥ߹·أ
ȻҪһ˸ű˵·ߵģΪ˷ḻҽԺڵƷʽ߸õľҽҽƷ
µġõĶȥŵĻôͻͻᰤ򣬱˿ɲΪԭפ㡣
ֻǣѧϰĹУ϶Ҫ뵽ԼɫġͺñħԺСппλڹ̶һսء
ôһüĿĻôߺͿ϶Ͳ֧̫ѧˣ϶ǻỨԼĴ˼ȥԼǩĿ⡣
켫µɫרƣɫѧҽԺҪߵ·ôֵĵط̯ͬλһĺͻƵ˼·
١ӵȷһѹģԼߺͽڶǸɽҽԺˣɽҽԺĵˡ
ͺߺ͵֮ƵıΡҲǻɽҽԺˣԺ𸴴ҽԺƣֻ뵽ɽ֪ɽ
ҪٵսȻⲢǺߺ١ӷս飬ýס
ţ١ӱְĿ⣬ػ۵̨ϣ׼ɵܳϡ
Ļˣδȫš
϶ҲԼ뷨ܳһȫ̽ӹܣֻ˵ܳɡ߮ˣ໥֮Ǳ˾ҵĻ𻨡
١΢еԥõѧҪڼͿ飬Ƿųȥ
١˼ʱ򣬺Ȼôһ⡣
СܣʵܸһЩûģֻʣпյʱܲʼҽԺμӼС͵ѧۻ鰡
Ǹʲôλģ˵Բڽ׼
١һ˿ȥʼҽԺǸƥ˭أζؿܳɣĿ⡣
١˲ֱ޳֮ȡ
ħԺﻯڸǺݺݵ˼㻹ܾܾ
˼μѧ̬ģܳ˵ô
ҪǮǮܳɵ档
ң˼·ͷ򣬿϶ǸոպܳڽĹУײ˼άĻ𻨵İ
Ȼ֮ǰﻯ֮Բ˵ʲôǵĿǰΪֹû֪డﻯ࣬кܴĹϵġ
ǵܣƽʱﶼǹ˵ģԣøãǲʵġ
ֻǣ⻰Ҳ΢еöһѵ˼
ħҽԺ̫࣬ҽԺҲˡ
ɽɽ
ħԺԺ𣬶硣㣬ӦǸôôһѵѡ񣬵Ҳ⡣
ܳ㶣һ£˵ͷصڣʱпգһϼڿΡ
ûףǣѧ黹Ǯզ֪
˵֮ǰڳԷʱǸСﰡܳɵķΪԼȨ׼ĻôڵⳡСѧ飬ͲܳɶԼ͵Ľ׶ˡ
½ھͺȥˡ
ֻôһ½ڵ˵û̫˼ȥܳɹˣڽһЩ˼
ܹõ˵Ļǿ԰ңҪôź͹滮ոս˵ڵɽҽԺİǸ˳֮󣬵ҪҪҲǸǳҪ⡣
˵ҪĻôҪѵĴۣɾ治С˰
һҪȥħԺ磬һ߻ҪȥɽҽԺȥʵ޵ġ
ܿһַǳ΢ķΧУˡ
ÿڶԼ˴˻ȥֱǿе¼뿪߮ᶼ֮
ſٿѵóһŷ⣬ĺȲ
ݸܳɣСܣǼϼһһ⣬֮ڵ顣ǳȥı׼ߣڵļ𶨸Ҳֻܰոۡ

Ѧ޵֪ģ˵ܳɣġ׼ʵй涨ģħĹ涨Ҳ̫Ƹ񡣡
Σλߣ϶Ҫʾµİ˱µ
Ѧ޵½˵Сܣʵμѧ飬ǻܹסƱģܸõЩ
Ѧ޵½ڵĻû꣬ܳɾʹˣѦʦʦҾסħоѾ֮ϲˣлл
ܳɺǸõǮãøģ֮ģˡ
ֻǴôһ34k⽲λǮһò
ΪǸߺȦĹ涨˾ǲû־ڵˡ
ﻯ׼Ҳа˽йġﻯԼ׼ˡ
ȻܳɽνﻯѦ޵½ھǸԵͳȥ˼ŷ⣬еĺȣܳɵĻҪ֮һ
־ڵҲûȴ֮е顣ʵǲȥɵûһЩ
Ȼǿøġ
ﻯģҲзݡԾǾЦ˵㲻Ǽ˱˰
ﻯ˷ۣҲû;Ǽƽʲô
֮˲ָܳʽؽܴӻĸڣޣȫǿաǳ¼ڵѧ
ʦãҽܳɣԽСܡܳҲʽԼ֮ǰֻ֪Է޽ڡ
ǿЦЦ˵Сֵʱڼ֮ǰʱʦڸпû뵽Ŷ̶̼¹ȥСѾԵʦˡ
ʦ⽻ԺҪ׽ѧϰ
ǿ˿죬ԱվŵĶһȺϼһǶܳӣһڣһǳ¼ѧɽʦƨ
ʺƨôôģֻҪܹѧ
ʦǫˣ϶дŵʦĵطܳɲСһڣһǻҽԺĸڡ
һ֮󣬲ǽⳡС͵ѧ顣
ܳɻ˼ңǿﻯġˡҲɽʦֶˣ˰ţǿȾͺܳɽ΢š
ţߺ͡־ɽ̻Ρ¡ǡ½ڵˣǷ׷׺ܳɽ΢ţ˿ﻯѦ޵½ǵ΢΢
ֲѧ㻹ܹܵסܳҪѧȦ

ص˳ķܳɸȥһϢϢ֮󣬾ȥϴˡ
ϴܳɲŷ֣Լ˫棬һŷ⣬ŷдһ֡š
⣿ܳɺ⡣
ܳɽŰŷⶼһ£9k಻١
Ӧ˵3k6k֪ﻯѦ޵½ڸϸߵĳϯġ
֪ʶ֣֣ܳǲᵱʥ˵ġ
ǣ˭б˭áҸݶں˵ĿǰҪĶڽΣ8k׽ۺҾ4wˡ
ʳޡͨģõõ
ȻֻܳĿǰӵе֪ʶһ֡
ǿǮˣܳɾͻǺܿĵġΪڴ֮ǰȥħƱۣȫ֧Ԯġ
˵ǸӣʵܳɵĻеСεģʮˣȻڿϣİնѧ㣬˶꣬ÿϵʮȥ
û취˶ʿͲʿʱȻвʵٵÿҽѧȥְǮĻǵϾֵʱϢʱ͵ò̶
꣬СպãȻͿϢ
ʦ֣ٿһСʱȥ˯ˣ֪ܳȥˣ϶డ㲻˵ġ
ܳûظѵƹˣû˯ſʼٴ˼·
£ܳҪǵĵط΢еˡ
ôһʱ䣬ܳɾҪʽھԺʼĵһٴٴ׶ΣǺ¡
ңܳɻųȥһӣǾ
ͺߺͽĶǸȤҪȥĻô϶Լġ
Ϊ֮ǰģʱ򣬼⼰ؽûνȼĿǰȫ涼رӣȼҲܵ͡
ԣҪҲοϣҲһƬհףСппλڹ̶Ҫհס
Ȼ󣬾߮Ǹ⣬ڰæԼ˶ʵ֮󣬿϶ҪԼ³ġ
߮λ֣ͲܵǸԼ򹤵ģӦȥһˡ
ֻǵظԼƨɺ죬һӼô֣һּݳ˷ѡ
Ҳ˾ͺˣйؽƵĿȥɽ
ö̫ˣҲͦհ̵ܳţ˵˵ţԼ͵͵Ц
MMP⻰ãԼԼˡ

ϣ˯ŵĻдӻҽԺշǿոڣɽҲһЩ󣬾ͻص˾Ƶ¼ȥ˵绰
ǿգô˼ʶ˰ɣСܣİɣ¼ʡ
ǿսʮ꣬˸ߣѾǲʿʦĿǰѾ׼ΪˣڻҽԺѾǶܴˡ
¼ǿҲΪؿء
оϲʦ
ǿһ˵ʦٴ˼壬ӽٴĿ⡣ǰҽӴøĶǻԵĿ⡣
ٴҪͻƣǳؼһͿǿվͰѽ鶼ϸ˵һ顣
¼̳ô˵ͷ˰
ǵİħռ˾ԵĵơһǿԸһ£ĻͲ÷ֳôľˡ
ǵԼĿУʦ
ңܳ⡣ǿããȻȻôһ䡣
˵¼ʡ
óᣬҲɽҽԺǸѧڷԼ˼·ʱԾԵ©ϸĥĻѲ
ǿվ͵ҾãܳڹڿӣͼʲôҾͲ֪ˡ
¼ҲĬһһȦ˵ãѵܳ룿᣿
ǿҲ˵׼治˵
ʦһγԡҵѧħԺܳɴһʱ䡣ʦߣ᲻Щ
ûõĻҿܻҪҵ
¼Ƿǳĺӣҵ϶û⣬ԺҲҪģжǿһ¡ȫûѧ͹ȥʲôѧˡ
ʿ͹ȥӰ̫ˡΪ飬ǿһ£㳢Ժ̸һ°ɣԼԸ
ʱ̶·δؾǶԵġ˵䲻̫ģܳɾڴҰġ
ãҾԡǿһȽϼѵľ
ȻʱǿѾθԼѧ©ȱ

ͬʱɳаҽԺǿƣ
ΰ칫ҡ
̶С۾ڶĶ٣ɫеΪѣСת˼Ȧ󣬲ʣڣԺǾãĺ𣿡
вأܳҪǹϵĲʿоֲ˶ʿоֻһѧתվѡ
ܳɵıҵԼҵҪ£Ƕ׼ˡֻҪСܻմһ¾Ϳԣʲôأ
ҽԺ˶ʿίĵλʡҽҩѧԣѵϴѧ𣿡
ΣڿҪȥİ
ܳڵĹ൵ڰҽԺǹй涨ĹԻרҵ˶ʿͬѧܳɵѧΪ㣬Ƹøѧλ֤ʲôأ
ٽ̾һ˵ңҲû취ܳɵʦǹϾϣ˶Ժʿ
ǰĶ࣬Ӯľ棬ҲܳɵȥرӰ졣㱾˶ֶܳ飬û˻˵ʲôġ
ҾҪ˵ʲôģҲҪóʵ
پˣǵȷǲˣܳɿпΣԶˣԶˢˣúܡ
ֱӰˣҽԺϴѧҽԺֻ취ٺͶܳ죬ǰֻ֪֮ܳ˲һѡ
ٺͶֳ棬ʵģ൱ܳһѧӰܳ㹤
ΪϺ͹ҪٹƸʿѧλͲʿѧʲôϵأ
ʱܳȥʡͺ
̶ﰵ˵TMѡ
ˣܳҲˡڵ±ûˣҹһզŶϣƥġ
ǽڵȷǲ̶ľܾ˵ģҾ̸ܳһ̸̸ܲĻҿ˵׼
˵ϴѧҽԺ˶ʿоѧѧλȻ㣬Ǳ𾩶ѧѧѧλ΢ôһġ
ȻҲ˽˵һµġͷİɡظ˵
ͬʱҲڸп߮绹߮簡
Թӣõúܡ
߮ϵʵ뷨ֻйϲܶԸϵĻǻ治֪ô졣
ϾǰҲûʲôر׼ܳϾȥħû˿϶ڡ
ȻӦԲȴʩΪ֪߮һ߮˵һУϣܹܳоѧϰʱ䣬㿪ʼ
ԣϴѧܹһ֮Ļǰ˶ʿȻ󾩶ѧƸʿֱӴӱʿ󻬵Ļ
ģҲҲܺõĲȴʩˡֻЦ󷽡
ң߮绹˵ˣѧĲʿƻǳģֻǶͨ˶ԣҪضʱۺ˵ġ
Ƕ˲ţкܶרġȻǰҪóܴĶ˵ºͿ⡣
УҾԡ̶ӣ򶡳ֺٵĿ⣬ЩɵЩͬ飬ͬģôһĿġ
զԺΣǡ

˰ҽԺپӣʶ֣ڣ˵Сܹܳɸ˵𣿡
ΣҲҴƱǼӦǲСġ
˭Կ飬ֵ
ɲԼڿӣҲԸٵʱΪ߮磬ȻԺСС
аɣˡ
ʱܹܳɺƶʡǸöð̾
Ŀ⻺ƽһЩΣƱϾϵĸҰȫһģô
ʱܳȥħʱѧȥģҲϾͰˣҲϴѧֱͨӺͰҽԺ档
һҽԺһħԺְԼ˫¸һ¡
پ̾һҲû˵ʲôʵڿ֮ܳܳɾͺˣҪܳΪѧ˼ֻܳ˸õȥ
ߴߣˮʹֻ˵Լ
ԼԺʿԺĻù
Ҳᡣ

ա
һܳɵȨȻ߳ˣҽԺϾϰ࣬ҲһʱѦ޵½ڻҺʵĲԣʵٴʽʵʩĽ׶Σһ֮
һʱ䣬ܳġסԺëˣëҲֵ࣬ԣܳɵĿʱ仹ܶࡣ
ȻһԭǣѦ޵½ܳɽˣܳҪѧϰ϶Ҳռ̫ܳʱ䡣
ܳɾͺ߮ˡ
ڳԷש
ôǸ飬ڽеʲôˣӦͦ˰ܳʡ
֮ǰʹ߮磬ҪҪʾһ£߮ϾܾˣȻʮֻӣȻ˾ҪܳҲ߮Ϊ
аɣĿǰãѾʮֻˡǮһ硣
Ȩ˵ҲҪˣħļҽԺĽڣȥԷˣԽˡ
˾Ҫߴ·ˡ߮ص
ܳɲ⣬ⱾͻȨ·ؼˣȨͶȥˣ
ʮֻӣѾһٶˡ
˾Ǳߣ֪ǿ϶ʮϡ
һҪţʵĶڼڡʮڶпܣֻܳɰˣԽʡ˺ܶܶࡣ
նڶʵһֻ󣬿ܱһµѻҪࡣһҪһʱġ⡣
ܳŵˣеףǮ
ħһ׷ûˣܻ
õľǧʵǱˮн
߮翴ܳɵɫʡǮһϢǧԼ˵ġ
ȿȡܳŵÿ˼
ƣTMǰҵķܳӡ
Ϣǧ򣬲нǧСķ˰
һģҲô˵顣
߮˵԰Ǹ˲Űнǧ͸ɲ䷹顣
ܳɣ㵱ֵˡҲѣڲֵ˵ˡ
ܳϣȨҪ䷹Ļڵң˵䲻̫ģ̶ܺȱ
бҪϵ»ôбϵ»
ܳɺЦһ£Ҳû˵ʲôó߮Ѻ٣Ҳ̫߰ҲǹƧҲ츳̫ߣһ˲ҽӽ
߮Ȼ˵ˡܳɣûд㣬ʡȥһ°
ܳɺɵתͷ߮磬Թ˼߮Ϊô˵
ĵʦǲ̶ʦѧϴѧģרҵ˶ʿо㷢£ǵһߣĿǰӰ5
ҵдķǡ
ܳ㶣pubmedһԼ֣Ĭϵĵλħһƪ¡Ȼһµַ󣬾ͷ֣ܳɹȻһƪ¡
ģĳˡ
ܳɾĿؿ߮磬϶Ƹģô
˶ʿѧλ˶ʿѧ֮㲩ʿ꣬ԹӰĶ顣
˫Ӯ飬ԵòرͻأԴ绰ʹϣİźϲʡ
Ҿöԣһ˶ʿ磬ʱԿʼֻҪʾ¼ɡ
˶ʿѧ֮֮ܵĻҲŷһЩܱ㶥űͷҪһЩ
ܳ߮磬ôܣôأΪʲôҪԽңҰʲôأ
ǲܽܣֻǲϲŵķʽ
һڶĬӦǲʿûʲôѧ
ڶԽ㣬ֻĿǰҽԺϴѧί൥λ̶ʦڼر㣬ϣܹΪȡ˶ʿͬѧ£Ҳõѧλֻһѧѡ
ҵһʱͷĲѰҵһʱͰټʦȻʦôһ̫ˣ̫ˣǰټ٣׽ڡ
׽ǹǿƵĴΣϴѧҽԺԺǵƽ̨ڣٽڿĵһʱ䣬Ҳ˵ȥ飬ѵô
ܳ߮Ļ侲
ģѣϣܹһæȻֻѧҶĸУиģôܳȥá
ңȫѧѧƿԶһδܵõȫķӣһѧһϵԵʱȫӣܹرڳˡ
Ȼһǣûһ˺Ʒûк֪ĽڽӴ˭֪Ǻǻ
ôȥĸУȥر˲ţȻ͵ܺõѧУأ
ܳɾͻ˵ͷ˵ʵ˵Ķģ;⣬ȫһ֮ǰҪ붡ֽ£ûͬ⡣
׽ڣҾʦҲ˵ҡ
һһ䣬ҲȥĻ̶ʦǲǾ͵òʿʦ
߮ؿܳɣ˵ҾԲ̶ʦᰡѵ̶֪ȻȾƲУʵܲô
ܳɻĲ̶ֻ֪֪йϵ
ҵʱȥʹϰɡܳɲɫ˵
߮˲Цôϲ㣬ʵе㡣
ܳɿ߮硣ɫĪ
ʵѾĵһź
ҿóȻܶζ˵⣬УʵģϣܹôһСĿģںδ
ǰСĿ꣬վһźͨԼŬķʽǰźʱͷͨ
һжʲôʹͣȫŬģȻ֮ϲҲǺ°
ܳ˲䷭˷ۣ߮һ
߮˵ûǰܳɣԼѧһִġѧĿΪԼøõĹҲһִ
ӽܳɿԴ󷽷˵Լ˶ʿѧλˣһ׼ʿˡ׼˶ʿűñӵܣۡ
һȻȻˮɣʵܳɸϲġ
ҲҪܳûģ֮ǰһֿͿ
ʲôʱȥܳ߮磬ֻʡ
߮ҡͷ˵һȥʲôҶˣħǸġڣòƻܻúܲ
ǸѪܵĿ⣬Ҳúúôĥһ¡Ļʵٴʵҡ߮ͻȻܳ˵һֻ
һĪװ֮硣
ܳ˲ַ˷ۣЦ˵ִˣĻʵңҪЩҶ֪ڻڵĿģȥúһ°ɡ
ʲôͨ·ϲģΪǿһ޺
ʱ򣬲ҪԼҰˡ
߮綸Ȼתͷ
ܳһСӣҶ̫˵㡣
ܹ뵽ģܹ㼸뵽Ļࣿ
ҶԶΣɡ
߮ɫ𽥱ýӲֻȻ򣬽üͷ塭
ܳɿúЦûЦƵĳԷ߮ıھݣѹ߮ĸоá
߮һҲûȻԾͷͷɷȥˡ
ܳҲֱӸ߮ƣʱ򣬵ȤǰץɱԵڵ̡
Ϊ˽߮磬˽ĸԣֻ֪ܳ߮ܵţܹѹѹҲû̫˼
һֺǿͽ߮硭


ڶʮһ ע¶
֮߮߮аԼʱ䣬ܳˡ
ص˳ⷿܳԼıʼǱд֣ܳɻǷµҳдһ仰
һеĿгɹ޷ӦٴôеĳɹǼٵġ
ܳдһ仰ѧá
ܳдпҪ֣Ļ̫խҪߵ·̫Զ̫ѡ
ȱöɾСппλڹ̶Ŀչƹ㣬ͻķѺܶʱ䣬ģҪѵöࡣ
ǰܳɰüˣֻΪԼֻҪŪɡ
ɲο߮絥ѧôãȻչ̫⣬ܳɱ֪ԼǲҪֹ̫ۡ
ˣܳɰѱʼǱǰ˼ҳȻҵһƪʼǡ
¼ܳɶģӦģʽ˼һƪ¼νѧѧ
ڳɳ·֮߱·ǽѧû취νѧ񣬳ֻһҵҽʦҪѧ
һõѧѧδؾһõʦ
ÿ˶߮磬ˣҪ˰
˭涨ģ÷ֻԼѧϰڴأܳɵԿкܶɧֻûбҪǰ£ԸԼʵ˷ģĴ
һΣǺܶ࣬ȥҼܵĻʵҲࡣ
ȷŻѧϰĽȰɣܳٴһشľߣǸѧۣȱʱȡ
۵ʽչΪˣ߸ԵĶóʱˣܵõȵԼѧ֮ͼ֮Ϊá

ϵʱ򣬰ڲпܳԼܳпգڶõĲƣʣôæ𣿡
°ɫĵһ޷ãУÿ춼ǲ࣬ħԺĲȫǰҽԺܱȵġ컹һ˲ûˣʦȵס
ôˣܳæʡ
Уƣ
ͻĹʱͣ˨
˵⣬ϰΧȹϣսǺõġ˵ˣʵ˼ǣҽʦҪյļܣֻá
⣬Ա֮ǰҪ˺ܶࡣ
ܳɫһǾȳԶ
˳Ϣʱ򣬰ľе͵͵СӣؿܳһʣǸеôҲû˵
ʵʣѵǸְܵúѸ
չУҲõȨϴĽҲΪȤѦ޵½ںﻯ޺ʵĲھ͵ʽٴ⿪ʼˡܳɼ̵ؾͰܽꡣ
еʧ䣬ҲŪǾǽչ˳ϲŶʦ֡
֪ܳڰаæˣҲǽٷ֮һЦЦ˵ҲҪллİæȨ˵˰һѣҾͲµ㡣
ʱһ°ܳŵ᣺ʵҸħЩˡ
Ŭ׵֮ǰϣеӸУȻһ֪ܳѶˣǿɾͲˣϾʵ˶û˼
ʦڻסԺ𣿡ת˻⡣
ܳɵͷ˵ǵģڻʱѦ޵½סԺʵҲûҪ鶼ëʦӹȥˡ
ԶϢһ£ʦæùꨡο˵
֪ܳʵ뵽ٴҲʺٴ뵽ܳ飬ܳɵ뷨˼·˱仯Ҳ˼Լûʲô԰æġ
ֻܳڽӴĲеѽڣøһ²ź˵⻰
ңħԺסԺĹæúܣԸԸе鶼˦ëʦӦ϶ЩЩġְο
ܳʵûãС飬˲ֹһΡϴΪ½Ǭݻлչͼģ˹ؼʱ̣ȴδ֡
ȻˣҲûʲô
ûụ̂ҪһҵǵȨҲᣬԼҪҵȻϼѡ
ܳɾʣûҪæİ˵ʲô֮ġʲôġ
ûܳɾûȥģаѰģġ
ֻǺ仰ʵ˵ģǱԴġ
һ죬æҡͷãʦ֣̫ʵˣ㶫ҾͿҪըˣѾܷ˼ˡ
˽˵⣬϶˵ġ
ΪܳǿڣҲʼ
ܳûٶ˵밲Ӵ̫࣬˭֪ʲôʱ쭳ʲôɧôãصģٵģܻѧ١

ܳΪԼٺúõع滮һº飬ڻصķӺ󣬺ؽӵѦ޵½ڵĵ绰
Ѧ޵ԷܳʵѾԹˣϾڻѦ޵£˵õģѦڣϾ͵
Ѧ޵˵İʱѦ޵ʤˣԱ߿ëڵ˶ûڡ
ܳе㲻Ѧ޵µʲôˡ
Ѧ޵½ܺȾƣþƣɽľϣǰһƿƣܳɼصز֮һƹ
Ѧڣ硣ܳæк
ʤվ˵ܳɣֱӽְɡǲ㺰ҳʤ䣬С¶С
Ѧ޵ƺ⣬ǳʤ֮ܳ顣ֻкܳɣ˵Сܣȵ㣬ܺȶǶ٣ҲȰơ
˹ݣ֮ǰƼǿζһֱûԹƷһڲڡ
ܳɴ󷽷ᣬҲѦ޵°ˡ
һѦ޵кܳɳԲˣһѦ޵²Ž뵽⡣
Сܣ˽ﺰʵһ¡
Һͳʤ˽ĹˣҲ֮ǰǸ۵ַλΪȤֻǰʤһ㣬Ҫ໨ѵ˼ˡѦ޵̵˵Ŀֿ
ԣʤϾվܳɾ;˾Ʊ
ܳĸпTMʦνıʦǰʱ򣬲̶ڵʱ
ɺγʦĹԪƽ˵֪㲻ʦ½ǬݣЩ˶
ܳԼѡԲԣȻߵڣҲֻܹӲͷƤ洳ˡ
ܳҲֻվЦ˵Ѧڡ磬ǾˣͲЩˡȻվҲΪ㡣
ʤԣѦ޵һۣʤһ
Ѧ޵¿ֵСܣʵǴҶ۵ַλСппλڹ̶һС
ÿҽԺÿʵԼַλһ⣬ˣ֮ǰ飬δػ
Ӵãַλһ˲һġʤ䣬ëˡ
Ҳ֪ĽûӴǣʤ뷨Ҳ㣬ϣܹһʤ䡣
˵ܳɵתһȦԭ
ڽӴƨ˺֮ʵľǽŵ飬ܳԸԸȥǱܿ⣬ܳȻһһܡ
ȻίַλأҲûӦ
ܳǾͻصѦʦллΣһʤҲദһʱ䣬ʵ
ʤȻ˶٣ôѦ޵ӣ԰ôһ
ʤԾϵʦܳңɱŰһֱŬġ
û͵İʦܳô;и
ðɣܳɵȷûпǵĽǶȣǾ͹ԹԱ졣
Ѧ޵ЦЦûܳɵĻˣ飺Сܣ¾ô˵ˣʤ䣬Ҿȫؽˡ
֮ǰᵽǲܳɰˣ֪ǣÿԶһѣܳбµĻѳʤˣ׬ˣֻǿʱѡ
ʤʱ仹úܡ
ֻǲ֪С㣬ҽԺĿⰲź͹滮ôģҿ˽˵˽Сппλڹ̶ľϣʵõе
Ѿ˿ʼȥѰеԴˡ
Ҿã϶ڴˡѦ޵½ָ߸ܳһըʽĶ
ܳɵͷƤЩˡ
ԲۣĿηôôأ
ѹֽȨûա
ֻᣬδһ°
Ȼ΢˼һȦܳɾеĹؼɷ֣ﻯڵӣһζԼȨίеӴ
˵ǻƵİڽɽķ֮һ֮һôҲˡЩһ˾֪⡣
֪ʶۺ񣬾ź͹ؼ־еϡҲ۵֧ţرԸⱻˡ
ܳɵ۾̵һתСʣѦڣһʱ˵Ⱑ˵⣬طĻҽԺչ᲻ܵӰ찡
ڼְƣĬʵȥչʽ̽ģοħԺƽĴͽѧҽԺ
ôô룬ܳ޷ҡ
ǣӰ쵽ԼĿչǾ˰
Ѧ޵µı鵱һͣMMPŶ֪ܳ㻹һ֣ʵá
⣬Ѧ޵Ҳ޷ȫȻ϶ֻ˵ǵÿʲôڳ⣬ֻǵ̳⣬²̨ǽԼ⣬ǿ⡣
еĻǾӰˡ
ģЩڣ˾ҪƤúܣĻ˼ë飬ǿ϶绰ġ
İܳɾħԺĻѦ޵ҲԼôΪԸˡ
ĳܳ飬ǿɾ̫Ц̫˰
Ǿͺáܹձ׼ķʽŽǻȥ϶ûġֻ£ڷõḶ́ûô򵥰
Ȼȷ׼ѾˡкƬܿõڵͲַһﵽǸεġֻܳô롣
ûرԼ˹ؼһֶε˼
ȻҲǹأֻЩְֵḶ̌ôСΣôܿ㵽ֱԭط
Ѧ޵ЦЦζ˵ǵˮ©أ
ʤԱеܾͣܳɺԼʦѦ޵£Ѿʾʲô־ãİʾôһ㲻˼顣

ܳûʲôͺȾˣ࣬ȫûǳʤΪ˱ʾԼĳϿ̬ȣЩ
ʤ䲢ûѦ޵һȥǸܳˡ˼ǴܳɿҹȻܳѾ밲һ𿴹Ҳȴ
·ɢʤתͷʣܳɣģһ𣿡
㲻ƽأ
ܳɷ˷ۣʤ䣬仰һ۾ѧһżĻ𣿡
İɣǽĹУҿ϶޾ϸأԼ֪ģġ
ʤæͣܳɣҵ˼
ܳҲͲ˵ʲôˣʤҲеĻ϶ᡣΪϸһ룬ܳɲδʲôֻǿôѡ
ٻԼʦԼ̸ʤףǿɽɽˮˮĺôȫԲż
Ȼʤͻ𴦣ܳɸ磬ˣʦߣǽҪһġ
γԺʿѧҲʦ֣뿪ħ˵ǳȥѧˡҲ֪Ǿڹڣȥ˹⡣
ܳƫͷͣ˽Ų
ʤͻȻܳɵ񶢵е㺦£ܳɶӣʦһᣬγʦ֪ġ
ܳһ˵ʦˣֻһ̶һƣΪõˡ
ִڶģħ֮Ҳ֮ǰࡣȻγʦ֪飬ܳҲͲϹƱˡ
ȻܳͻȻʣ磬˵ħôطܲݵͨأ
ʤֵؿܳɣЦЦ˵ͨˣܳ㲢ǰӦû԰ɣܹԺĻŬǮ˱Ļƴһѡ
ҹǲԸƴģʡģȥֱʡǰ仧ѹá
Ҿܳɸ϶Բһѡ
ʤҪħԺᣬܣ֪һ㣬˴δŹܳɿ϶ԣѡܶࡣ
ʵܳɲ˼ֻ˵ĻʤѹסҲûƽϣ⣬߮Ҳ޼£߮ھͿħֻҪԸ⡣
ܳԼļǶֲͬ
Ŷˣܳɸ磬ë绹Ҹ˵顣ʤͻȻ˵
ôôأħô
ʤҲӣë˵ΪҺҪʼѧַλҲܸҲҪʼѧǿĸסԺԶԶ
ëͲܸ˵ȥҽԺһЩܳɸûʱ䡣
۵ĲˣȷǷɢġʤ䵽ʱҪȥؼҽԺëͲˣǿɲУû˴ܼңѦ޵½ںﻯϻҵġ
ܳɼ˼üʱ䣬ѾǷǳˡǾ仰û취Ѽб֣ôеĶǼٵġ
ٿһ£ͻصɣ۵Ĳ൱ɢտܳ鲻ʱ䣬ĩȳ
ҵʱëʦʦȥɡ
ʤæ˵òãܳɸ磬ȥͺˡ
ڽѧҽԺˣ㻹ҪǣǾñûѧ𣿲ѧúܡ
츳ʵˣҲǲ١

ܳʤŻصϴʱֻΪʱ˵ǵ绰΢ŵͨ
ܳɿϴ߳ʱ绰һΡ
ʱȻ죬ܳһëͷһ߽ͨáϴ衣
绰ħʼҽԺ½ڡ²ǴƵΣһǹǿƵĴΡ
ǱߵΪִ٣Сܣʵڲ˼ôŵˡȷѴԣ
ܲ鷳㣬ҽԺһ˰Ѿ˳¥¡µСһźϢ˵ġ
ܳԣһ£󱳾侲
Ѧ޵½ǶԵġ
ֻܳû뵽һ绰ڽʹ˽
ǣܳΪ֮͵شһͷ˵ڣϺ˾ƣ̨
Ⱦ̨ɣܳɾԲΪ²ƨɣԼǰ;Ϊע
㶣ͣСܣ϶ҵ˼ˡ
˲Ҫ̨ģֻǲԺͿһ̶ȵҪұ뵽㡣ֻڣǻû뵽õӦԷ
ԣܲæοһ£
ֻڲԱвοŶˣ־Ҳ
ðɣ»ų̨̂ϴ绰мȵģͻá
ڣֻҪΥԭĻ⻹ûʲôġܳһ
Ȼƽʱ뼱Ҳ룬ǸͻȻôһ䡣

ܳɴ·¥СſڹȻҵ½˵ĳͣ˺һ˾ںſڵı໥š
ܳϳŶԱ˵˵ģ㿴ɡлл
Ȼһ̣ţˡ
˾ϳûر໰ֻǼ򵥵˸ҽܣܳ˵ĳĳе˾ģԺϣʦգһ
ܳҲû˵ոճǰˢҲ˿֣Ȼ΢΢ľֻӰ첻ܳɵ˼άѡ
ʼҽԺĵ³⣬ܳɾŶ¡Ȼ˾شܳɵ˵æ˴Ƶ¥㣬˵ҾͲȥˣҪȥҵš
ܳû˵ʲôʵ۵ĲֻҽԺҽеҲҪݻߵʱߵеȡ
ǣܳɿ϶εܼ򵥣ȻĻ½ڲ
˵ݺ½ڹǽӵ˾ȥϢ͵ſڵˣҺܿܳȥһ칫ҡ
칫˲࣬ǿǵܳɺ˾ƣܳɺ½ڲĸ
PPTĻϣڷŻߵ֫ƬԼӰѧƬ
־Լ½µһ̸ݸǽ֫֫⡣
±Сܣˡǰ˵Ǹ뼡ؽ⡣
㿴ˣ֫ˣ⼰˺ءҲǶദεķԹۣ־ڵѾǺ˹ؽ⡣
ؽڵĻˣǰѹ۹̶ú֮֯ܲȣ֫Ƿһ壿
֫ǴĻ⣬ˣһǵľҪҪ֫⣬ȻҪǱ֫úòá
ܳɺ½־ûǸڷǳͰضܳЦЦ־¶ܳΪӣôҪҲûΪܳӡ
ûȥμСѧ飬˽£ֵѯ࣬һߵסԺø㲻ŰҲ½ڽ˿
ܳɫ˸˼£ʣߵѪĿǰô
ܳɺþûôŵĻˣҪ봴ʱȽϳˡ
Ѫ֮ԴûѪˣһжǿ̸
ոС崴ʱ򣬴ϢǣѪ˻ԣֻ˱ѹļ⣬òгг˵Ļ
ôϥؽԵɹжΣֺȺҪгһ룬ô֯϶û취ָ벡˵ļ̸Ҫ֫⡣
ɲ˼ϣȡһ£̬ȷǳУһǾ취˵
СסԺ
ܳɳһ£ЦЦڣڣһǵͿɣȻ֪һЩһ£Ҳεġ
ܳǫ飬ҲǰԼλá
ԣĻˣ֮ܳǰĻˣȫһҪأԲֻƬܹģ۵ô̶־½ʲô뷨֮󣬲źþҪҪƱơ
ɲΪԼոȡʽȨȻ˾úܺãм䣬ƮϣȻ־½ڶˡ
ɵƲŻ顣
־ںܿͰ½˼·˳Ҫ֫Ļ϶һھ֯Ĵ⣬Ȼ۵ʱ̶취ѹ۽ʸλ̶
֧֯֫ã֧ŵҪ֯ҪԣȴʤڹǣΪ֯ҲǼѪܣǾ£ܻܲĹؼɷ֡
ܳɴ֮󣬲ŴŪ˵ľӳ̶ȣԶ
⻵񾭺ѪܱѹҪ񾭺ѪܵתλʱҪؽ⣬תλǼֲ
Сû˼·ʡ
ܳɺȻܳεģܳʲô˵ҲҪһ䣬ҲԿ
ܳ˸֮󣬱˵ڣڣһر˼·Ϊ֯Ļ̫أǾһֻ֯Ȼٿӡ
Ƥ⣬϶ҪٸݾģҪε𲽵ؽѶȣǱȽϺõһ˼·
һ֯סʮѡ
ܳɿ˿ļ֯Ѿ͸ˡһھҪܹǺ˾ƣǲ̨ġ
Ͼܳɵ˼ؼʱ򣬿ɾûôˣС˼ף𲽽Ѷȣ˼·ǿȡ
֯˭ôѻش𰡡
ôصѹѪܿ²̫ãҪһһҵзϵĻǱȽѵġ
ҲʹѪƣǱֻܹ˵ѴѪܸСѪܣ˵⼸ǲܵĲҪǹǿаѿء
ѪƣѪܵ꣬ûô˼СѪܵ⡣Ȼ˵ѪƵһƬհס
ܳϾ뵽˿߮磬Ǻְܿ뷨е߮ΪأѪƵĲýӴ´飬ôе̡
֮߮⣬ܳħ൱ˡ
ûа취룬ôʱͲҪϹƱΪá
¼ܳɲ˵ʣСܣܲܽϢڸǺ˾ƣǴ賿ʱӦÿ԰Ѽⴲ̺á
ʱ̨һô
⺢ǸѧײˣǮ⵹ǲÿǣûһȣԺӰ죬Ǻܴġ
⻰־ں޷ӦԱߵǸȴ㶣ôؼҸѶȵĲҪܳɣ
⵽ôģ
µĽ飬һֲο
֮󣬻һлʱ䣬賿ҲܹлɾֻôһͻӰ쵽ܳȥħԺĹ
ϸ˼һܳɲЦЦ˵ڣ֣ҿɲԣֻ˵Ծһԡ
Ҫѻǽء
־ڶԣԿһܳɣеľһ
ƺǵܳ仰Ƶġ
ȻܳɾͱȥԱߵľƵϢˣ˵ǵʱܳɵĵ绰

ܳ˯ʱϵʮ㣬ǵ绰ʱ䣬ȴѾǵ賿ӡ
ܳٸϵҵʱ־ѾǲˣȻ½˵־賿ķɻѾأؼȥϢˡ
ţ־ڵҲֻܴһԶиԵ顣ǿոڣпյġ
ȫ֮ܳɱ㴩·̨ԣϸؿ˿̨ϵĴԻһ
Լе࣬½ڵŶӣô崴ͼⴲ̲أֻǣӹؼĵ㣬ǰЩⴲܱܲס⡣
̨֮ܳ½˵һ࣬Ȼλ˳
һĸڱ˶סԺҽȥ桰޾еûոˡ
˶ܳɣ½ο˵СܣҪѹߵļѾʱϵħ档Ѿ뻼ߵļͨˣõĽ֫Ҳܹܵġ
ֻǻϣܹһϣġܹסһȡ
ţΪɡʱҲŪԼ黳ˡ
֮ǰ£ȻΪܳɵȨίרңʵϣûпܳɺܶڽʽṹĲܳɵĲ̫ɧԿܳⷽĻ
ǣܳרŴе֮˫ʱһɣ׹
һΰܳĶע¶˵ġ
ֻܳɷǳרСѪѪǯżͱ˽ȥƺǼΪϸСѪܣܳɵҰȫ㡭


ڶʮ ɧʼ
ܳСĵذѪܼ򵥷һأ㿴ѪܵΣȻϵĽڶ״̬
ٻ֮ǰpptϿĴͼƬܳü绰ˡ
Ƥϡһȡ
ܳЩԿʹжһ¡
ܳɵĶ棬²δܳɣһ˵Ѫܵ״̬ǿǰ֮ǰԴĹƣǱˡ֮ǰѪǴӼѪܶΡ
Ѫ״̬ܳɲɣܹܳؽѪܶδӼ֯ҳǺܼѵ顣
ע⣺С飬Ҽһ⣬ļѪܵġ
СܣҪҪȥֱӺͼ̸֫ºܿͰ˼
Ŭˣʮ㵽賿㣬Сʱʱ䣬崴ĸﶼһһСĵذ֯ӺãһѱȽϴѪҲѪƷ
ʱŬһܹõĽѧ̹ϵһѣŹԼҲǶԼһ־ꡣ
ʱûҪ½ƽϣ飬ԼͷϣȻˣΪ˵ʱԼδؿģһʹġ
֪ܳⲢµı⣬Ϊѧͽ֫ˡǣȻŬһҲҹôãŬػҪŬһµġ
̧ͷ˵ڣٿľɣⶼŸտʼֻǻҪాһʱˡ
ЦЦ⣺ʱˡ
ҾͶ˶Է˼Ŭ
Ȼ¾ֿܳɰϸСͺȡһѪܶΣ滹ѪģѪܱѣ͸õˡ
ܳûȥطȡѪܶ֯
ѹ֯ĴĿİѪܶΣѹδЩ̫¡
ܳȡ鼡ڵѪ֯˺
¾ãԼȿ㣬ҪܳΪΪãСܣֹͣɣȥ̸ȱסˣסԺܶϵˡ
ʶִҽѧľԣ֪ʱ֪˵ＸִҽѧһرĻ
¾ԼǷŹܳɱȽϺã֯ṹҲ˵ؽѪ⣬ؽȻһϵȣйܡ
ܳɵʵѾǴﵽһˣޣ޷תĿǰĴɵĶǻġҲпʵ
¾һ̨ƿߣоԵľȨ
أȴܳס׼̨£˵ڣٵȵȣٿδûа취
ܳɵڿٵתʣڣˣǰû̸ڽ֫壬пڵĿ԰
̨ĶһͣвʣСܣô
ΪħʼҽԺĹǿƴΣƵΣʼҽԺĹǿʵĿ꣬ͬģΪθеĵǲȱġ
ûԺͼ̸ȥ̸Ҫ֪ܳɵľ˼·
֫壬ŷḻѪѭȡ˼ѪܣȻܹͨؽ֧ѭﵽṩѪ˵ĳ̶ȡ
ȡЩΪ༡ѪܴṩáӰ쵽߽õУ̫࣬˼ñС
ֻܳ˵һ룬һס
½ʲôˣ̾ܳɵ˼ѪֲһֲͬҲǼѪؽ
ѪֲܶѪܷϺжϵ壬ҲǱ֣ؽȻˡֻǣѪƴʵʩǴѪܵģϾ˼С
ԭϲѣôϸСĶҵͼΪѣҪҵĽʽṹҪǳĵ飬ֲ̣顣
ôѶȵʽܹõģܹɵô
һֱ̫յĸ¥שɳǿܳģǹܴ󣬶һҪϸµ΢
ܳ˵ʱվܳǸסԺ֣һ¡ʵǱܳɵ뷨ŵˡ
е͹ĪӣȻϻع񣬽˽˫֣ϸҰԼոյĶԻתˡ
ºǾþɳˣҲǼܶ棬תͷסԺʣС̸𣿡
סԺиǿѧĺʵĶ¹ȦûԵ̸ǣҺͼ˵ųڽ࿪ȡֲԼȡֲ
ҪĻҿٳȥ̸
Ǹǿѧʽ
ܳĲ֮ڣ֮⣬ɵʽôԤϵ
Ȼȳȥ˵һ
Сܣһģһ¿ԺͿɲԡһȴȡȽϺأ˾
ǽڼҽʱûֱϵֵ´ԴĲʱһ̶ȵնȨġ
ȻĻһ˵ļûô죿Ȼʱ򲻳ȥ̸ǲԸ˼̫õʱʧҡ
ܳɶ½ڵ˼飬
Ȼ뷨ǾԣܹĻôȥͼ̸ĻֱӴӴ֫˱
ܳҲûԥؾ˵ڣҪɣ˵ĳײӦǰ˺󷽵ĹɶͷڵѪܣܻǱȽġ
ȡһؽ̽һ¡
ȡĿԣȡǽ֫ΧµģԻɶ˿ڡܳȻҲΪ¡
ˡһ
ûסȻ󽡲໹һǲ̫ôöԲ˵ļͣȻҲԽͣΪ˱֫Ŭܹ⣬⡣
ߵǻԵģͷϡãǱģ˹ɹǺ󷽵ĹɶͷѾȻȻر¶˳
ɹǵĹƬиʱûзϡΪ϶εѪܱбգѪ࣬ҲĲ֧ѭѪ
ܳҵ˹ɶͷһ֧󣬲δżȡѪܣϸͻһʺرֿԵĽۺ󣬲һ
˵Ѽ⵶ҡ
ܳɽ뵽״̬ȫעδȥעƺЩҪеľİϡ
ûܳɷԸûйڳƺ½԰Ѽ⵶ĵݸܳϣܳһգȻӶ϶˵λãСĵصһ£ϡ
Ҫҵɵϸ˼ʱ򣬿ƺÿһֱأӳɹʣȻһࡣ
ۻõͷǳɹˡ
ܳû̫ʱ䣬һӣҵĶ½֪ôһڣǣƽңǸݶΣӴСôҵġ
ܳ㣬ֱҵķʽûս
ҲΪ𺳣ãǴﵽ˾ϸԭܹ˾ϲͷƤʽ
϶һпܳСĵذѱëֱҪ΢СһЩѪСı¶󣬲δѪǯֱӼסǼһֻ޾ףȻ󽻸סԺ
ǿѧСסƤˣ˿ѪܣԼһСģ趼
ѪʵǺܴġ
ܳȻü⵶СظѪܵߣߡⶼˣߡ
ѪܣѪôʲС͵֦Ѿ״ѼѪܸѪǻ״Χ׾ͻᱻϡ
ǣܳɵĵǻСرܿǡ
˶˵½ڴ˿̵ҲǼΪרעסһΪܳɵģİĥܳôԭ
ټ̽̽һĳȺܳƿĿӳȴҡ
أܳѡб˽ѪܣȻܳɻûü⵶ϣѡذѪܲĵ֦Ѿ
ܳɵһʱ򣬼ǸոտܳµǸˣȻͷƤ
˵ڼ⵶һĻôܳü⵶ķ֧Ḷ́Ҳһ
еĵ˼飬ΪܳɵĲġ
ܳɵ֣ȴͬһ鱻סڿеʯͷȵúܣû²෽ĶֻǷǳϸµ˳֦Ѿߡ
ŽףܳɲŰ֦Ѿü⵶޶ϡ
ţôСѪܣֱ޶ϣ˿Ӱ죬޶ԣֹѪĲá
һ֧֧Ҷϰˡ
ˣȴ㵽ʲô
ʮӹȥܳɲСôһ֦ѾڣΪ
ܳɾͰ⡰֪ҵѪܡ˵֮ǰļⴲϣ½ҪʣܳɽҪôʱ
Ȼܳɲ֪ôü˼ΪϸСӰһ˿˹͹ܳɲϸС뽫Ѫܸһ룬ֻûᡣ
ոôģ
Ҷû
Ȼٿܳ˫סߵˣߴᣬҲòƵأһֻһ
˲䣬֦ѾѪܣȻ˶棬ңܳɵѡǡôľǣߵһˣǹǻȽϴģ˳ëһģѪܶԭܳȡǻ϶ȥ
ܳǰѸȡһһߣС棬Ȼ
ȫעЩºܳɲһ
˵ڣҽϵѪϣͨ˵ĻôѪؽǻˡ
㶣ܳɿ˵⣬ʵϣǲظģĹʱûĳ̶Ȱ֧з𣿡
ܳҡҡͷãĶѪǻСѪʵ൱ޣңǴӷ֧ѪҺҲֲ˼ȥˡ
ѪҺķḻ֯ٽѪؽһ̶ȵѪҺ˼֯󣬻һ̶ȵγѪ飬Ѫ齨Ѫ˨ʣסѪܵķ֧
ңѪ˨ֱ൱СǷѪҺѭɵķӦҲ൱ޣ᳣ȫġ
ңѪҺ֮֯һĹѪѪ󣬱γµĲ֧ѭëϸѪ֯нëϸѪʺԼ
ңΪʼѪ뼡Ľ൱һ̶ȵӳٹ˵ʱǶ֪ٹˣʵǻļ֯ڵķֽ˴лơ
ǡ
Բۣ
ܳľˣĲʱģң˵ЩۣʵƵĳֻۣǰЩúϸˣۻܿǵģȫˡ
꣬ܳɾͿʼϽˣ˵ķϣԿԱȽˣܳɾѡһ⻹ȽϺõж֮󣬰Ѫ˼޽˹
ôһⴲȻûȫ֤ãǻҪͨͨ
ͨͨ÷ſѪܡ
ڷſʱ򣬻ðСĸԶ˸бգѪء
һ׼֮½ڵ˻ܳɿٷѪܵ飬ֻǾĲܳëë顣
ͺѡ
˵ļʶ󣬱ֲ֣˵ҷſ˵Ѫǯ˰
ţࡣܳ˵ͷ΢񣬿ʼϢ
һеĻҽҪ飬ȻĻĻ
ſѪǯѪ̳ӯ
ֻǣΪʮ룬Ѫ˻شһ϶
٣Ѫܺ졣
ҽѪǷǳϲ顣
ˣɫһϲʡ
ܳɵ˵ͷȻûзѪܲķ֧϶ˣǣ϶ѪȴȻȻͨڲֲͨĥļⴲ
˻һ̶ϵı֤һֵļϸֻᷢļ֯ѪҺڵϸֽ󣬷ΪлϸӪ
⻰סԺǿѧ̲סڲˣļǿϵάϸԣ
ǿѧΪǵסԺȻ׺ܶ࣬Ϊǿŵ۵£ȻҲҪٵģܹ׵õϿ⡣
ܳɵ˵ͷʦ˵öԣҾòֻάϸϸҲܹġ
ڲݣܳһְۿԽһ𾪡
֪ʶ͸ʮ־ϸţ⻹ʲô˵ģ֤ܳɵ֪ʶ֪ʶأѾһΡ
Ҫ˵еˣеۺ͵ۣǲġ
һ˵Сȥ棬˵ļ̸һ¡
СܣǼ΢Ϣһ£
𿴸ոܳɵĲʵϲǺܷģҲķ
²֪ǣܳʵѾǳˣϰˣͻãѾкܾöûôˡ
͹ؽʱѹͲҪעôϸڡ
Ǻܿͼȥ
֮ǰ飬һǳɹ飬ˣ;ְѽ̵
Ȼ¾ͷ֣ܳȡѪܵʱ򣬱ȻȡѪܵĲ˿һЩΪϵʱ䣬ٽʡ֮һ
ǿºߵĸڵȻĿ⣬ܳɾͽͣͷҽӴñȽ϶ļ⣬ڱ㣬ǽ࣬ȡʱûкฺܶ
϶ǵİļⶼǺõģȡʲôѼȫҲûϵȻû
¾Ĭˡ
ߵλھ΢ЦЦ˵Сʦѹ־ںηҪ
Ǵ۽簡ÿһ˵ĻߣܹСҽĻ
˵⣬ҡҡͷǾ̫˵̫ˡ
ִĻܳɲûȥʦˡ
ⷲæҽܣս⣬ǽĽͬ֡xie
ܳûأ뵽ȥ
ȸǿѧ̸󣬻һµ֪ͬⵥнϴ̨֣վܳɵĶ棬ϸؿҰ
ʱ仺š
࣬ܳɲŰʮĶؽꡣ
ܳԼԼе㷢ˣ̨ʱ򣬲Ҳеζ
һ̨æǰһüסܳɵĺ󱳣˸ʣСܣҪҪһƿˮ
ͬʱʼҽʹɫСʱ˿ижϵĸǿǸҲ
ãллڡҵȻԼȥ۾ͺˡܳɻص
һʱûܳɵ˼һ˵ԣСʡˣɳǱȽг׷ۣħߣҲ֪ڵ׷ۡ
Բ۶ټʳܶ࣬һȥԵɡ
ܳҲûװ˿ǳҪʳ㣬˰ϣͶˡ
²δܳɴȥҲֻſڸȥôһϢ󣬾ͿԿſڵһԿҾΪķ򸾲¹
ǧлۼֿ죬Ƿ˵ԵÿĿǵһε滹кܶӲսҪġ
ǣȻô˵֪ԼĶӵȣ֮ǰõļֱȣܹסǳǵ˼άġ
ʵҲ
²û߽ͣܳˣ˵СܣոûȥǵлĻˣ㲻Ұɣ
ܳһ㶣æҡͷЦôأڣ
һ˵ʵǱ˵л߷ֵģǿԼʲôûˡ
ΪҪеĻ߸лĻǮһԱ
¶Ž˵ѧļҾĸĸòеĹ˾߹ܣڲȱǮġǶñȽ϶֪࣬
ܻ𲻱Ҫ鷳ɲҪᡣϣС㲻Ҫ⡣
ҹƣǿǰˣǶӵƬƿ˺ܶҽԺҽõĴ𰸲⣬Բôġ
ܳɲϼᣬǱûӹֻǻԺЦ
Ȼܳɾߵ¥µĸң࣬ϵϴ¶һѡ߰ģû£ͰȥҲûˡ
ԣ²֪ǲǰ׼˵ģָܳһŷ⣬ȥ
ܳҪתͷ˵ʲôʱ½ھ˵٣ǹءҲء
û㣬̨ȷò㲻ҽԺˣվ̨һǫ̀ãȴͣӦõġ
Ȿ׼־ڵģҲò
ãǱ¡е١ҽԺԭǲԺĻģԣܹľôࡣ
ʼҽԺڴ͵ĽѧҽԺҽԺǲԺģöˣֻԼҽԺˣԼʡ
ǣֻԭϣʱ򣬻Ҫġ
²ûĻ;벻
ܳһ£˻ˣڣһǾ̫ʡ
εǮãǹġֲ̫Ǯɧòõġ
㶣Ҳûֻ֣˵аɣ´εʱһ㣬㲻ܻҲܻȻ˻²̫¡
Сܰ˾ءҾҵľûġ
ܳתͷ£ڣ˼ǣ
˵˵ˣһȥͰɣĪص
ܳɾ¿϶ǻлҺпѦ޵½ǼйǣܳҲʣֻĬĬز
ЦЦҲ⣬ЩǣǱϿôһźĻû໥ȫӾǽڵͳﰲš
ôأ
ԾǹҼңǶϷûкûԴֻ֣֮Ե
Թֱۣܳ͵ħԺ
ڼ䣬½ڻδ˼绰רŸܳɵǸ˵࣬Ӱ쵽Ϣʱ䡣
һܳ˵˲˵ת飬ĿǰICU棬ΪƽȣָҲԣ֯ĿԺܴҪм޸ϣܹܳ롣
ܳӦ½ڸ룬ҲǸˡ
صҺܹܳ飬Ȼ࣬Ҳһʱܹҵõģǡ
ʤܿܳɣ˵ܳɸ磬ڿ񶼱ʦӳȥˣʦ˵ھԺʱ䣬Ҿȫ̸㾲ѧϰ
ȻΪһԵʱ򣬾ͰȥؼҽԺȥʽؿչٴ⡣
ܳЦЦ˵໥ѧϰɡҿ϶ҲһЩԼ̫׵äҲֱġ
𣿡
УǶǸȾġʦ˵ָӵĲĻǸںµ¸֣ܳͳһܰš
ǽѧҽԺҪµٴ֮⣬ں¼ҽǶʵϰод̣ҲӲ顣ʤܳϸϸ͡
ǺȻģȫ綼ΧһתͲħԺˡѦ޵½Ҫչµٴ⣬ҲͳﰲţΪһˣͰеľȫ۶
ǾǣҰã˿ܳɿ˸Ц
ʤæ֣ܳɸ磬Ҫѧϰˡ㿴Ȱе۶꣬Ȼ֣Ⱦרһ
ܳɸпʤħоʶǲģԼѧϰϰߺѧϰ˼·û϶ҲܹڳʱĽУѧϰֵģֻǿ⡣
ֻܳɻûģôٵذѳʤķʽԣܸʤѧѧϰ˼·Ͱš
˵Ȼò׵ÿϢһɡ
ҲżŬźԼ̬СܳԼҲеۣȥȻĻ
ʱţǿɾͲˡ
ݽϣǺбҪģѦ޵½ڷҪܳɾЩš
ʤòȼ飬ܳ΢һ
ܳɵֿҲûɣ˵Уܳɸȥħĵطǲٵġ
ô˵ţʤ仹ӣһ㶮ı顣
ģܳ㶣˳ʤһۣŲɣ
ûȥ
˸ڣ˼ңܳɾͿ˷ģ˼·
Яʼϣַλ¶壩Сппλڹ̶綨壩
ģĿ꣺Գʤнѧ
ģ⿪ʼ
ѾһȨѧλҲһӰӵ˵һ̵Ķ󡣡
㿪ʼѼʽĽѧһºĴ̶ջ񣬵չΪѾǿԿչһЩ򵥵Ĺַλˡ
֮Ĵ̶Թַλһ򣬵δͨʵޣ㿪ʼһЩͨ
MMPħܹʱ仹꣬ôʱ棿
ܳɿʼԼɧ˼·
ԸС飬ɹڰ֮ڹ̶Ķ֮죬ڵ֪ס
һȽ׵ľ䷴֮ڣĴ̶ʼˣѹСΪĿ꣬ʼˡĪģʽ
ĸºҹѧϰȫؽѧϰᵽеһ־裬ʼָӵĹַλ˽չ㶼Ϊ졣
֮ѧϰѾܹ濪չĹַǣͻȻ֣ԼѧַλȻСĶ֡
ǣͷˡ»һŮѣҿʼѧҵȻȥˣҵΪ˳졭
֮ɹسΪ˶ʿʦ

ģδܴĿꡣ
ģۣա
üܣĴ̾飨ţ
ðɡ
ɧʧˡõһļܣе㣬⡣
ʤ䲻Ǹ֡
ǣͨεģ⣬֪ˣʤŮѣһǱڼңͨʤĶԻ֪ʤ䣬ʵҲǸرˡ
˱ԼѧϰѰ
ǡ
Ϣһ
ܳ˼·
ֿܳʼһεģ⡣
Яĳʼû䣬ģĿҲûзı䣬˼·ٴתˡ
ģ⿪ʼ

鵽̶һЩܡҺܿѶˡ
֪ԼпܱѧпϢ֮ʼڵʦǵʦȴʾ飬Ϊ
֪ԼҪֳ㹻ļֵǿʼܷͼǿ
ǲе˰
ģ⣬͵Դ˰ɡ
ÿ˶һֺĵǱ
һ֮Ĵ̶󣬳ѧϰܿԵַλҪ졣չѸ١
֮ǿԳ濪չĹַλʦǲȥ¿ٴߵȻ㷲ǱѧϰǱ̡
֮㷢ѾȫҪ죬ʼʵʩַλ
˻Ҫһ°㲻ƣ֪ԼжǱ
ֻǣ⣬ܳԥ
ˣԳʤ˺е󰡣


ڶʮ GDP֮
塣
󣬹ǿΰ칫ΰںﻯڽ춼ûΰ˵ﻯ硣
εĲ軹Ǻ̫ˡΰЦǺǵе̰Ĳ㡣
ﻯ˷ۣ˵Һò״ʦģôһһһ㡣֪ɡ
ﻯĶʦȥʦڣ֮ǰﻯεʱȻԾڿң̽Եسһ˭룬γԺʿȻûͰﻯȥˡ
ﻯȻ߶ࡣ
ﻯҪĿĲΰҲһСڣֻζһʣΰ棬ѦǱߣΪȰãѦ޵°ѳʤëŸܳɣ
ĪܳĻа˴ɾı²ɣ
ϴεȨУﻯܳŵ˲óڽѧϴεѧϣܹҵ¿ⷽ
ﻯҲ̽᱾츳ͺܺãԼھżСٴ⣬żãƽĻ۰ˣôܳйأ
ΰЦǺǵӣΣҾͲˣܣܳɻɡ
ﻯѦ޵֮ľͶԹԹòϡ뾺εĻۣԶɱʸ͡
ελûϾﻯѦ޵֮Ĺ£˵ԿǶ¿ˣԸ⾺Żͷϡ
ﻯһŹϻ¶ʱӢ˲ΰϻͷֻ˵ܳɴѧ飬ô
һȥܳɻѦ޵ǰ״ɣﻯΪ
̣Ϊ´ܹȵò裬ΰ˵ΣҾʵ»ǲ׵ġԼѧ͵ʦǸ¡
ǵʦô꣬ҲģʦҲ
ﻯΰһۣԣЩȻ˵һ飬׵˻ֺãûҪ
ﻯȻص˵ܳɣʦأ
ǻع鵽ɡ
аɡҾֱ˵˰ҲС¡Ѧڿ϶Ҳָܹܳѳʤӡ
ƾΪ˻飬ַܳλĿ⡣
ΰ˵⣬ֵΣҾðɣεСппλڹ̶ҽԺδߵǰͷ˵
ﻯִ̧ϣ˵ǲãҪʵġû˵飬еǡ
ﻯЦһãϼһ¬תɴͳпλڹ̶ˣֻǰ̸úãģɣŵ˾ͳˣɣǴͳġ
߲Կе׬
ûѵͣܳΪϵѧܵʦû£һ¶Ļδܹ˹ԪƽԺʿķ۰
ͦѧﻯ츳ͦã˼άѣһӣҲûرĽ
Ѧ޵²귿󣬾͵
̨ϣҽʦѾǰǰ׼ˣǴ·ŵ̨
תһȻľǰëͳʤ˶ֲˡ
ˣѦ޵ʹ
ĿЦȴࣺϵʱëҴ绰˵ҽԺﵽ˼۲ˣȥˡ
ҽԺ˵ëǾԺģҲԸȡ
λ޶ѧ㻹ǣ
ٴһѹˣȻڸһѹˡҲѦ޵²Ը̣ǵĻۻﲻѦ޵ĲΣֻ
Ѧ޵̾һȥϴ֡
Ȼ󴩺£˫޾׺һ߷Ըϴֻʿе̨һ˵ˣ춼΢е߻ħƵġҲ֪ô¡
˲鷿ʱҲˣҶ㲻˭ʦ˭Ӧѧˡ
Ѧ޵Ρ
ʤҲͰˣǹѳʤ֧ܳɵģɲɾ͵ԴˣɱߡëҲ壬Ҳ֪ǿʲô
ħ˰ɡ
ô˵Ҿû롣
죬ƽȽæԺٽӴرС죬ʱ˼⣬Ҳ֪ΪʲôʱҵһЩ⣬ϡŹֵġ
΢е֮ǰܳɽǸ۵ַλ
ǺãѧѵʱȽϳôе㲻ˡ˵
ħԺܹĹ۲ֲر࣬Ժ۲˶Сппλڹ̶ˣհȫַλеѿӷƨ
ѧϰҪЧʱɱ
ˣǰ־ȥɡҲֹëһ֣˵ٺҲ˻һ𡣡Ѧ޵º
ﻯѧﻯﵣסԺأȴܳ˻һ
ܹѲҲǾͺÿˡ
Ȼǲܵ顣
Ǽɣʽչٴ֮ǰһˣҪúõػһ£һĸȾͿ֪ܲʲôʱ򿩡Ѧ޵ЦǺǵ˵
һСппλڹ̶ƹ۳ɹôԺܳһʱ䣬Ƕȴļʽȥ
ڵЩ˭˭ȥֺãҽƾ׵Ĳˡ
⻰ҲǸɾ
ҲҪôһմ˱ߣͿЩˣĲ֪ô䡣
ңˣӰ·һѣˣһҽԺ¯öడˣѡԾͶˡ
Ȼѡ񣬹Ϊѡġ
ʵʵѧĻҪѧ
ȥҽԺ·ϣڿųܳ˸ʻλëʤʦֵܡ
רѡëͲ˶ֵʱ䣬רŵܣʱϵȫǶܣǾϣַܹλѧᡣ
ϣʤβëë磬ã˵ֹ¶֮һĹۣPilon۵£λʱҪǵǼΣҪõļĸԼ
ëͷƤеˣǲ˲ʣʤ䣬ǵð۱ô𣿻ѧãҪ⡣
ëĲ֪ʤôǿҵѧϰ
ͲΪסԺ׼ǣʤ䣬㲩ʿҲˣѵΪ˸
ûҪɣСппλڹ̶
ơ
ŶʤϸĿڡ
ë磬ҵǲһġӲȡǻѧõʱ֣ᷢѸԽԽǾ׼Խ룬ӦͻԽԽס
ǱͶӲͣ˼ͣҲʲôӺͺĹֻۣƲַλܴڵǱ۶ѡʤء
л͸¶ֵ
ëԾͲͳʤ˵˶û֣㱳ǧΣƵʱһѵ㻹ҪеĹ
ëüë΢΢ǲ˲ɡ
ֵˣϢһëʦ磬ֱ۶ݡ
ʤҪǰĲ٣ɲأȴҲһ˳ʤı飺ҿΪ˴ȫ룬㻹ǲҪΪá
Գʤֻҵ˸ʻλܳɡ
ܳɺΰҲֻܹڻش
ʵʤΪǵһƲ⣬ʵѾʹһ˵⡣
Ҫôǣ밡ǰȺܳһĸʤͣһ߿֮ǰģݣԼе
ʼģ⣡
㷢̶΢еȴĶ޿κΡǣ˰취Ķˡ
̶Ķ󣬰дĴ̶ѧɺһЩ˼ͻȻ֣Ĵ̶ѧϰԴ󷢡
ºĴ̶󽫹ַλѵ˾ͨ𡣡
ºĴ̶󽫹ַλ綨弶
ºĴ̶֪ΪΣͷĳһպͻȻӣͻͽ¶弶

ģ
ģۣ˼ά棬̶ܹʣգǰģĿ꣬Ѱ·˼ά֮һ
ɻһ
ɫĳЩһ̶ȵɾܾȡ
ܳɵʱѡ˾ܾȻδԣԼǺŵġ
ȻģԳʤۣô棬֮ܳġ

ǣͰˡ
ţ飬ֻܳίиȨȨһ¶
Ŷ˼رȤܹΪ²ô
±ܳɻҪߡ
ϣȨ˵ѾǸ㶨ˡ
Զ׼ڶϣܳɾͿ˳ʤϵèۣһ·ڱʲô˿罻ʱ򣬻ڱֲϵرȻĥ
ܳɵʱ֮Աǡ
MDɶһ£ô
ܳҲûᣬס
Ȼ֪ȨҲףܳɷ˵û浶ǹظɹ
ܳɾ϶ˣɳзȥǰһϣȨѶϾˣȨ΢ˣڵĿ
ȻƺӦáܡ
ģҲǵ͹˳ʤǱ´ľ޴ջ
ܳģ˺üΣû֣ԭʤܹ죬Ŷ֮ڣͰѹַλۣʦ£һӸɵ
ңܳɿóܶͨżˡ
ոȥ
ܳɵͷƤ˰ֻ˵ĸ֮߰飬ܹôǱܡ
ʤǰ
ܳɲ֪϶ǸLSP
ĽܳɾҲ죬죬سʤĵ绰صöе飬һﻹǣʮ֮֮ǰ绰
ܹɵϾŵʮ˷ִ绰ʮ׼ʱҶϡ
Ȼķ־ʹӻҪ׼ʱ
ôŬѧϰǺ£ҲǺ£ܳɸʤ佲Ҫעģʤʾÿ춼ɵ˯üСʱ϶û⣬ǰ׶Ѿϰߡ
ܳҲ˵ʲôˣҲʮ˯ȻǸѧϰģ˼·ʤΪGDP㵽ɶŬиܶϧһеĴۡ
GDP֮ˡ
ƽﲻɽ¶ˮģ֪ܳԭȫ벻˻ֵġ
ţðɣҲԺҪ΢ЩȽϺãҪģʵĿ
ҽԺ󣬳ʤֵøͲҪ񵥴һϵʣë磬оԼѧĶ٣ָܲа
ë˵ɶأ
ʦܵŬǿİ
۴ݾ
Ȼ󣬳ʤƬ󣬻ľͰַλλȥϳ̶Ȼĺãߡ
ȻǼ򵥵ĹۣҲëͲ
ٺëȻؿʤ䡪
ƣ
ôأ
ǱǻҪӴַλİȻ󣬸λĽôã
ܳɼֲ֣ܵţǿܿɣٶȿ죬ͨ綥
ʤ˾ͨżλȻǼֲֵġ
ëͲ˾ͬʱĿתܳɡ
ʤǵܳɵİܳѵǽ̸˳ʤһЩ֮أ
дԹ
ǣ㲻ΪʹȽˣͲİҲԸ⣬ҲѧģʵСֻ̫Сˡ
ܳ治ɫؽ˵ë磬ܸ磬񣬿е}ûš
ܳɿɲϣ߶ʤһĹ̥

硣
һҽԺ
ʤڴͿ˲٣һֿĿ󣬿òٷëˣ˵С£ָУ
ʤæĵͷ
ллܸ硣ʤֱȵл
ôһ³ʤȻ˵䲻ܵĲ٣ʤĺƤˣðɣΪϼʦһлл֮£ȷʤˡ
ǣЩԴʵԼҵİ
Ҳ⣬ʤٴθλȥˡ
ëʯһ
ʤ䣬һ㲻ٳˣ㶼ѧôˣҪָ
ǱӣǲǶӡ
ҪȻȥɣ㱳ͦõģ౳ֱ
MMPʤ临λôãλĻᣬҶŶ
ͬʱﰵ⡣
ѵ
ʤְѸõþԽķǶԵģ
ȥҲԣ
롣
ҪߣӰ쵽ҵGDP
ʤë˿ëҲóʤе֡˱˻ԣѧϷ
Ͻȥȥȥȥ
ѧøõˣԲԼСΪԼӦõõõĽԴǲصġӦ׷ȥǸߵĲΣǸԴ
൱һۡ

ʤ䱻ˣ֮ǰԹ·ëͲƵС
ëûס
ֱʤ˳ë΢΢һתͷܳɣĿ⸴ӡ
΢һ£ʣܳɣַλûϣ
ܳɵ˵ͷӲӣ˵ëʦʦ϶ֻڽӳʤĵ绰ûк˽棬ҵ⣬ҲǸոġ
ѵǳʤ֮ǰѧϰ츳ͺܺħıơ˶ʿʿСͺܸˡܳҵıȽϾµɡ
ëͲٶ˲䷭˷ۣܳɵһѧ飬ˡ
ͨСôڣͲǶܹӰ˵ġ
ëһȻضԲٵ˸磬ʵӣøŬ˲а
ص˵ͷ
ʤϣȷе̼ˡ

ǿܹĸ飬ĸסԺܡ
ë첻ֵ࣬ǲġ
һκǲֵˡ
ܲľǣʤȲûҪ硣ٴιʼʩҪѳʤϳȥֻǽĳʤȴر飬ߣ˺öڡ
׻˵ŮӿܴȴȵģץʱȫǸĦ˹
ڵĳʤ䣬Ҳʹ״̬ǰԼǻӦõ˼£۲Уһ˲ַλ
λıȲٻҪá
ڿ˳ʤĳ֮󣬲پֱӸųʤѧϰҲһʼۡ
ֻǣʤܹеĿʱ䶼ۣǣСʱ;΢еͷԻ
ȫǿζĻۣ治֪ʤ䵽ôġ
ǣʤһ仰˵ԽӦõϣӦõʱ򣬾ԽǻپãԼǶԹ۵ַλһˡ
λոձ⼸͵Ĺۣܹøá
ĳ£Ҳǰѧϰʱ䣬΢ӳһ㡭
գëٶ˶ֵʱȻһֵëֵ࣬ȻӰëͲٶ˼ܡ
ܳɺͳʤ䵱Ȼǲȱϯ
ڳϣʤ֪Լ̫ˣˣһĬĬڱۣûдܳˡ
ٵ˲ֵе̸Ҫë̸ܳ
ë˵ܳɣѦѾһЩʵĲˡҪǴҵģһЩ֫ǵĹۣԱȽϼ򵥡
ǶӦΧڵģǼҾһ㣬˵ְܹѣͻԶߡ
ᰲ̨Ӧò۰ɣ
ܳɵͷѦ޵½ѡǾ˼ǵģͻص̨࣬ëʦ죬ϻĲ𣿡
еСпڹпλڹ̶
ǲǳԼרô
ֻһ̨崴Ѧ׼ϵĲת͵۵Сппλڹ̶
崴϶һ̨żˡëͣΪ̫ܳ
ħԺĴƣ߾ˣָȾĸӲеطȥûҪ
ܳҲë˼
иøҽƾ׸ٵĸˣ˭ȥҳֺõĲأ
ܳɾ˵ˣëʦ
Ҫ㣬ǶŶëЦЦ˵ڡںǱߣҲҵʵĲˣʵĻС㰡
ٿųĬ
֮ǰѧϣѾԿٹϷ֣Ѧ޵ѡķΪʵģ֫ǹۣ֫ãϾ´
ңΪʵ֫ǹۣҲ¼ڸˡ
ô˵ѣܳھħԺﻯôľͲⷽ棬ֻǿͷԼʵ˵Ǿ˭ѡ
ȻûܳڣܸܲúãҲһȽϹؼ⡣
ﻯˣѦ޵ҪĿⷽǲĿⷽ򣬸ôôþһңȫеĳǶꡣ
˰ôôȥô཭أ
ⶼǴǾԺֵģһǽ
Ⱥ˳ʵڵġ
ҽԺĽڿ϶Ҳǵõһ㣬ͿǵӦˡ
پ͸Ͻ˵С⣬ҲĹˣСѧϵĿ⻮֣㲻⣬κ⣬Ȼмλڿš
ô飬ҪǾȥΪ˵Ƕȡ
ܳȻô֮ǰô˵˵߮ô飬ҪΪܹš
ĿǰЧһ㣬ûпһ˹
ܳɵθҲͼ֮
ܿ죬͵˵һҽԺ˵һۺëϵˣȻϸ˹
ȻܳɾͿ˳ʤɧֳˣǳƤؾӭȥȻë˵ë磬ܸ磬˵Ĺ۷Լ򵥡
λ綼ѧþͨˣһڳѧĽ׶ΣҪһ¡лл˰
ţֱŲˣҽܡ
ëͲٶûӦʤֱӶԲ˵ħԺоҵλʦҲǽҽʦ
ĹԱȽϼ򵥣ҪַλλʦҵĲˮƽдߣҪԣ֪Ƿͬأ
ҽĳɳ·ߺܳģҲһĻҵʦǾ˼ǵģԸᣬһܸмġ
ħԺоҲǾϼʦǧģԣ顭
һƨһʦһʦȻһһħԺ˺ɿ˿ˣ͵˵ͷ
棬ëͲ˶ˣôҪˣôֵİ
ڳʤĹУ˵ĿⶼǸΪǷ֣ĳʤ䣬ƺǰһˡ
ȻǷǳ׵ؾͰŹжεĹ۾͸λˣңӦõغܶ࣬ڣëͲٶ˼ôλȥʱ򡭡
ʤѾ˽ˣ˼УһʹˣǸλ֮ڣʹоʹȵػˡ
˵Ķ԰ɣҲûرܣֻǣ̺Ҫȥһ£͹֤ʵһ۵ȷǸλˡ
ǻҪ͹֤ݡ
ܳɵĿ΢΢һʤڶԲĺͱ΢˵˰ǰԼٴУǸС΢Լ
ͬʤַλڹ̶ĹҲǱǰһء
ܹõ͹۵أоͰ˼εȵȣѧ˾裬Ǿͨˡ
һܵ
ܳһϸ˼һ𽥻
ʤ츳ַλ·ӺۣǳģԼģ޺ܸߣ¶ַλ
ԣʤʵÿֻҪԼ·ߣ;ȷġ
¶ַλۣѧٷ֮ʮңﾫͨѡǺȻȻ
ֻǳʤһڸɵͨ
ܳɵе鴤
ʤ䣬˼úܣΪ˾ͨͨİɡ
ƬĽˣλλã߼䣬ﻹëͲٳĻᰡ
ҽԺζ棺ħԺĹǿƣ˶ʿоôˡ
ڱʤʯ࣬Ҳ˴Ĵָ
ǵģ˲ò࣬ˮɶҽͿС²Сء
ַλҪǮ𣿡ЦЦ
Ҫգһ塣ʯҲҪһ塣ҽԺҽ˵
㶣ĥĥҲû˵ʲô
ڵһ4ӵ۸İ١
˸ʯ࣬˾ЦسԺȥˡ
Ȼ󣬲ٺëֱӰѳʤڳʤԹĿиˡ
һ㶼
һڴߴ٣ȥȥȥ´βˡ
ʤĻëͲģֱӰѵ绰˳ͨѦ޵½ڵĵ绰ȿ
ͨһ˶˲ٺë
Ѧ޵ûʤػһ᣺ιʤ䰡
õǲǳʲôˣ˵
ëʱˣٸ˵ƨܳѦ޵ģˡ
ܳǳ鴤
ʤ䣬˼ļ˰
ⶪ
ܳһŵѧϰˣΪԼȡѧϰĻᣬҲˣǷʽҪʣڵĳʤ䣬Ծе̫ˡ
ҲãΪѧϰν涼ƾʲô㣿
ʤ͸Ͻ˵ιʦոźŲ̫ã㱨һ£ҾڵѧϰѾ
ţʤһֱߵģºܿͽҿˡ
ϣҲʤ䣬͵Ǹ͸һأپ͵˾λŲȥ
ǣɫеƣġ
룬ͻȻˣǽѧҽԺѧϰĻܶ࣬Ҳ٣ɮ٣һˣϣûԼȥ
һֱҲˡ
ʤѧúãı£ҲҪʵʲô
ûУԼëѧϰĽȡ
һչȥʤȻûַλÿһΣúܿģһȻ㹻飬Ųٺëַͣ̽λĹؼе㡣
֮ǰëͲǶԳʤ䰮ģڣҲ뵽۵Ĵ֮С
ʤѧϰȣ̫ˣҽۣܹܳɵĵҵʦţп˰
ⳡʦֵܵľϵߵӣ
ܳˣýӵ˰ĵ绰ǰˣһëͲ˵ëʦʦҾԺԼˣҾûҪˣҪ
ܳɻʤŬŬ졣
ëͲ˼˵ͷԱ߾һӰ
ȳˡ


ڶʮ ħ
һ罻ࡢ귿Ѧ޵²ûֱӰ˶ңȰϵ˶Ⱦ£Ҷ׼úһʱǵ绰
ë㶣˽ĳʤһۣͷأõġ
ɳʤȴûôûҪëһȥ˼
ë͹һȥˣסԺﶼб
Ѧ޵һ˽˰칫ûﻯȽڣ˰Ÿˡ
ŻͷڣŽڣǿոڣ춼š˰ɣ
ǿԶǿͣǸְƣڿʱѦ޵»չˣǹкñȳ¼һﻯѦ޵ԽӴ
ȻͷѦڣźˣ޽ķɻϰ˵ʮصģ˵ʮ尲ȫ˼
ΪǸߣĵĶ࣬ǿҲὲԼĴг̣ǷʵͲع׷
Ѧڣ޽˵¸»ᰲһѧѧϰҲ˵Ҫ꣬ͿѦ޵¡
Ѧ޵ɫû̫ĲѧѧϰǺ飬עӦһ̾ͺˣûʲôɼƽϵġ
Ȼ󣬽ѴҶ£ҪΪ˽Ҫٴе¿⡣ѧǱѾǻظԺҪʽʼˡ
Ժĺܳһʱ䣬ҪĹأתΪۣϣҶ΢˼úѧ
˵⣬Ѧ޵µĿһһɨˣɫ˵ŵĸǣСǿǽˮ¥̨ȵ¡
ħĹǿƽǳһӵķ粨ģ֮ûˣԵʡ֮ףϣҶϧһúѧڡ
⻰ͲùڰͷķתܳڴĿ䡣
ħǿƵķˣ󲿷ֶСӽģΪţԲѡëëسԣĹǽ
ڣû˵гɹİħԺ֮ǰɹ˵Ǽ
Ѧ޵²ǺֻǸ˷ԸɫתΪЦСܣڽһʱǾͶѧˣվŵˣѧϰģԾܷԸ
ѧҪѧӣΪʦܳһ˲ܳһԽţô࣬һг֮󣬵ʱܴɽţӭȫ磬һս
ܳæЦЦѦʦˣǻѧϰվŵнڡʦʦ֣϶кܶŵֵѧϰġ
û廰ʸ񣬿ɹڻǿԵģЦеСܵǫ飬һһȽϺõƷʡϣҶܼ
ҪСгɼմմϲ
ֻһ򵥵ĶԱᣬȻҲصٴǰСۻᣬˣʱ䲻ϻҲࡣ
˵Ѧ޵¾Ͱѹˣ˳ȥһЩôʱѦ޵Ҳûͬ⣬ֻ㬵档
ԽԼѧԽȥȥȥϽȥңŸʲôǰѧϰһĽڡ
ҽʦҲϽҴùͷ棬Ѧ޵½⣬лȨġ
칫
ܳԲرѦ޵½ڰ˼
Ѧ޵ҿһȦû˺󣬱촽ѹ˵Сܣΰ˽ҪһĿġǾСǿ̵ʱĽ⡣
ֲ֣ܳħԺѧôͽ˹ϵ
Ƿʿ˶ʿġ
Ѧ޵¾˵ģСܰΪ⡣ѧ㽻ֻίҲ
ΪʵĸĶǲͽ
̫ˣû˼ʡĶ񣬾ǲʿվĹԱн˰ǰʮ򡣡
Ѿܹ뵽ٷˣϣ㲻
н3wܳô
ֻǣû鰡
ܳɾûػǽüͷ˼Ǯòãܲãĺԡ
Ѧ޵±ʿվĹԱҪ̣Сʲ㣡ܹõǮСҲǿԵġ
ҲԼĲʿվֻǮ͸Ҳ롣
ҲҽԺĿ⾭Уʮ֧ˡ
ܳЦЦ˵Ѧڣ£Ժ̸ɣҵÿʼˡ
ǮܳɽӴ̫ˣкܶԴȥѯ߮硢ںϣʣʹ֮پòòźʡ
Ļôܳɲ¡
Ѧ޵ɫͻȻŹСôᣬôô㻹Ϊܺ㲻ɣ
ܳɾЦЦ˵Ѧڣ֪϶Ầҵġ
ȴ˵ҲδػʵضôáеһУǵȼۺͲȼ۵Ľףǲ̶ʦʦҵĺҲұֳ㹻ļֵ츳
ܺκ˵ʾãҶҪúõ˼һµġ

Ѧ޵ºܳɶһȥңϴ¡ɫοսЬñӿ֣ϴֺ߽䡣
ǰ׼Ѿ꣬̽ȣһӦȫ
ңƽƬҲѾҵƬϣѦ޵վ̨ϣ˫ֺʵڡһζƬ
ôλ顣
ܳɺѦ޵´·Ѧ޵ܳɣСܣڿʽʼѾϵеҹ˾һԱָ
Ϊеԣ
Ѧ޵΢죬׽ѧҽԺͲе˾νָԱˣܾûˣû취
ܳ˳Ѧ޵½ָŵķһ
ɫñӣɫ֣޾¡ȻסɫƤͺɫܳȥһš
Ѧ޵º͹ɫûü䣬ܳɾ˵ҽңƤһºܿǰɣ
ʲôе̣ʲôԱȨơ
Ȩװһ㣬ŤŤƨɣģܳɸ磬ϲģû뵽ôͱ˳
̫ڡܳɷ˷ۣúЦ
Ȩ°˵ܳɣҾ㰡TMڲҪʲôνҽʦʸ֤ˣҲҪ㡣
Ȩ֣ܳɣʿյĿ
ҳȥԼ̣ܳҲϵ׵Ķ
ȨϿƤЦ˵أ״磬Ҿˣһ·׷ħİ
Խ˵Խֿеߵ˼
ܳ˷ۣ˷ʱˣڿɲ˷һ˵ʱ䡣
ţܳɻͷ̨ԣȨҲ˹һȦʵʵشλ
Ѧ޵Ц˵СܣϰʶһΪǡ
ʶ̫ˣֱܳҡͷ
ȨҺѦ޵ΣллѦڹգС˾һôƽ̨ΪʩչֽŵĻᡣ
ЦһȻʽʼ
ʼǰܳɫһĿתƵ˳ʤųʤĿƣʤ磬Ҫַλ
ʤЩһȻתͷʦѦ޵¡
Ѧ޵㶣СܣСпڹпλڹ̶ӦòڹַλӦڰɣ
ܳɾͻأѦڣԭˣ͵Ĺۣ֮Ҫڹ̶Ϊ̶ﲻ̶Ǹλ޷ﵽõĲΡ
øλ֮°빦
ѵѦһһ̨
Ѧ޵ĿһУһ̨йУ־ȫŵɫĿ΢΢
գ̨ܳ
һ̨ѹķԹۣǱַܳλеˣ˼һ̨ˡ¼ʧһ֮󣬿ȻʵԲۡ
ǣֿ˿ʤ䣬վǵ˵ͷ԰ɣʤ䣬ǵòҪΪԼ
³ʤøλȥԼʵȻ漣
ʤæЦŻأõʦ϶ġ
ţʤָ˵ʦֹ̨жεķԹۣҪһҰѹǰͷȺɹ̶ס
ܳɾЦЦ˵Ѧڣַ飬æɡ
ʤҪ֣Ѧ޵¿ܳô˵̨ܳϣӸģ˭ˣ
һжλ֮
ʤСס˽״Ȼ󿴵ܳɷǳ˼Ƶģѹɹ̧ȫԸͰλðڳַλ״λá
ǣʤ㲻ԥץΪһЩ
Ͼ΢еˣɳʤȴ£ǣһϿʼĳһŤ
ٵһñȽϺʵλúϣж֮ǰǣµļĻѹ۵Ķ϶ˣպһ
ܳЦЦųʤĿ⣬˼
GDP֮Ȼڳʤĺ֮
Cۣ͸һ¡ʤֺܳɷԸ
ΪĹ۲˽࣬ħԺרһCۻеʦרCۻе͸ӣС
Ӻ
һ
ֹ֫ǹַλƽƬٴγ˵ǰƬ֮ǰв٣˿̣ѹ˹۶϶ڡ
۽˺Զˣߣֻмп϶ԲӰ쵽ߵĹܡ
λã
ã
⣬ȻȲܳɣǣʤűܳɴ˶ʱ䣿
һڣ㣬찡
Ѧ޵º͹˶Źֵؿܳɣǲе𾪣ȿܳĲҪ¡
Լһֲ񾳣츳һܹ񾳣Ǿһѵħ


ڶʮ ܳɵͼڣһƬ
˶δһʱϣǴԵؿһƽƬ󣬱Ħ
Ȩɫ΢΢һܳɵĿ⣬Թҡ˵ܳɸ֮ǰôأ
ϸȴ־óʤ˳ɾͲ⡣
ħıƼ˶ʿо츳Ǻܴģ֪Ҫ˶ٸʴΡ޴֣
ʤϸ󣬷ǳԼﵽĲ㼶
Ҳϣһ֤ʵԼѧ˹ַλҼڰȥؼҽԺٴ
˵ڶŮѵӣľ񣬸ǰա
һо˲֬Ƥ֯Զصַѵ
˿벽ܳͶȥǸм
ڸпһ£ȻԼδ̨Ǹ˶ʿоɨһۣԷ̵ͷȥ
ܳɸĹַλڲʲôܣۺܳҶпܳɷݣ̫ڼٴգûģһԼʦ˺һ̽֡
ɣΪȻ˵˹˿̣ԼֻǴһ죬ͬʱӴַλĳʤʦ֣Ȼѧˣɫ㿪ʼ
Ͳ֪ȥŬѧûá
ʤܹѧᣬ֤˲Ǽٴա
Ѧ޵۾ЦЦͷܳɣСܣʤַλǿɿ˰ɣ
ͬʱָָ˴ëؿڣӡ
ëĬĬһͷ˵ʦԺҲסԺˡ
ʤѧϰᣬǰվ˽⣬ֻû뵽ĳʤĹַλ֮ãɲԼѧᰡ
ҲҪּ򵥹ۺ͸ӹ۵ģȻ򵥹۵ַλãʤһȵĻвˡ
ܳΪӵйַλ¶ߣȻǾӸٿġ
ҲеڳʤǱ΢΢һЦ츳ܺãҲŬѧʱҪܶࡣ
˵ܳҲһ찡ġܵʱ򡪡ʱ̫ˡ
Ѧ޵½ɫģʤ佻ܳɽ磬Ľ飬ԺҪʦγƺĽ顣Žиġ
𣿡
Զ档
ڳʤѧÿ죬ܳռݵ۲㹻ߣ൱ڹߵ۲Σ򣬱Թǣ˵Լ̵ĻչԴﲻڵĲΡ
棬ӡ֤һѳʤȥܳԴ׬ˣܳɲԼͨѧϰУڴϣҲǸ츳
һĽӴףϣ
Ѧ޵²δ롭
ٽ󣬳ʤ͹ԹԵվλȥδٳ嶯
ҪеʽСппλڹ̶ʽ̨ϣֻܳɺѦ޵¿ԿչڣҪչҪҽԺУ
ţӵIVȨʽֻҪҽԺҽƱɣδԳʤȻƨ¡
ܳɾͿѦ޵½ЩԾԾԵĿ⿴ԼܳɲδӦ˵Ѧڣ̨ܹһ̨ĹЩӣ滹̨̨Ȼһ̨
㿴ſɺã
ʤĽѧ˼·ܳģˣȻҪֵѦ޵ˣѦ޵ǳ˲̫øƣǾģ⣬ܳҲеĹؼ
ëµˣûܳ￪չ¿⣬ȫѦ޵£ȼ۽£ܳɲҪΪ˷ѻᡣ
ʤǱá
Ѧ޵΢΢һЦȻһûرİաٶ࿴Σٺúĥһ¡
ۣ֪ʶ֪ʶʵʲʵʲȻһ˼·Ͱգǲܱ֤ٷְ١
Ȼܳɻ䣺ʵѦڣ֮ǰҾͽСппλڹ̶ʵǹַλһ䣬ศɡ
ַλѧúãԽ׿չСпڵпλڹ̶ֻǹ̶ķʽѡѡ
ʱҾëʦҲԳһַλ
˵ֿ꣬ܳ˹£˵ͱ͸еˣΪ˶飬֮ܳǰѹַλ׳ްûӣľȫڹ̶еʹϡ
ΪжิλΣ͸Ӽζѡ
ûӦܳҲƣǵǼɡϰ壬鷳ıе£
ܳȻȨҪȨ֮ǰкûһ
ȨæذеݹЦ˵ܳɸ磬Ҫ̭Һϰ壬Ҳˡ
ϴɾ
ҪԽ޵СܳɿЦȨһûѹѦ޵½ڵ˵档
ܳɷ˷ۣᣬȻѦ޵½ڵҲᵱ棬ֻҪ˵϶ᵱô档˿϶Ц
λúܳɾֱӿʼ˹̶Ĳ
λ̶
ƵԭĿǰԭʡԲģԺܲʡԣԺ顣
ܳɵַΪҲΪ˴̣طٶȣһֱħĲ̻һ˵ĻôͰˡ
׬Ǯרһ֣ܹӦڲϣҲǸؼġ
ܳһ߲һ߽ϸڣ̶΢ٶȣҲ߰˷ھɡ
ٽķϣû˼ˣܹ0.5׵Ŀӣһ顣
ϣתڡ
ܳΪؾͺѦ޵ͬȴ̨ҪǣѦ޵½л˵ҲѦ޵лҪ˵
˿Ѧ޵ܳȥ޲͸¶Ľ֮ɫ
ȨҲˣȻԺõǮ࣬ʵܹܳﵽλܹġ

ǼȽصİ칫ңΣȴֻѦ޵½ںܳɶˡ
칫ҺѦ޵ܳ˲裬ܳҪæѦ޵ˣСܰҴ̳ʤ飬ҶûüлӦõģ㲻
֮ǰ˵ŵȺ󣬴Ϊʦѧϰ˾ҪںѧϰߵӣⲻǱ΢ֻǸеĹضѣ滹Ҫ鷳飬в١
ܳҲƨ»صϣ˵Ѧʦ̧ˡ
һ̧پŷʵҲʲôʵⱭ裬Ӧóʤݸģ֪ദʱݲѦ޵µ
ܳ˫ֽӹ
Ѧ޵ûرȻҽϵÿһֱ¶ûиߵ͹ֻ֣֮вεĲ࣬зֱ𡣡
ʤַλһĻ򣬵̫ˣƿز̫áϣпٶܹ¯࣬ԺܹǸɣڻͨٴԴ֧·
ܳһϻȻѦ޵½ڵļʶǳҲȻȻµĶûдﵽĲΣԹۻܹʤľͨܳɵַλ֮Ĳࡣ
ѧһżܣߵĵȼܹ¸ѧϰ̨ףȻԺѧϰܵʱȥЩ̨ףεִԼ˼·
ҪʤԼ컯Ѧ޵֪ܳħʱ䲢᳤ã
Ȼܳɵͷ˵
ʤʲGDP֮ԺѧϰڻͨɵһʱڵĵѾǺܺˣܳɶġ
ȻܳɱѻתƵѦ޵½ڵϣʣѦڣڣСппλǸʲôĿأ
ͨģѦ޵¼Σܳɷһܣ
Ѧ޵´ˣΪ
ܹԺ󣬷¹֮ģ츳ȻܹȥϵǸϱ֮λ
ܳģ淢ֵģѦ޵²ȥʲôʵʵܹкܴСппλڹ̶ֻеһ֡
ܳ˹Ѧ޵½ڵһЩ£Ѧ޵½γԺʿѧǣڶʱγʹһ
Ѧ޵°˼⣬Ȼλõʱͬˡ
һжǿΪ֮Ļֻܳ˵γˣֱˣ
Ѧ޵ЦЦ¶ˣϲԽΪܣѧϰǱϻ˼άҲۻɲҪڴܹʤ
ֻܳҪǳ˼
ܳɸ֪γ⣬ֱӴƣǾͻһ˵ҵ˼ǣѦǴСппλڹ̶ٴ⣬ʲôһλ
ѦڣðһⰡ
ѧʽȵλȻԼƷƣĿģ
Ѧ޵һ㶣ĥһŷʣС˼ǣҸζλأ
ܳɿɲˣMMPγ˼·ƣԣҲ֪γǲĶѦ޵²мһˣһаţֻҲĴѧ
ٺһţǾر𲻺ˡ
Ѧ޵¼ܳĬ˷ۣһ䣺СͲôѧЩϺĹһˣлֱ˵¡
ܳɾͷǳ˵ѦʦǰôҶָָֻ̺š
Ҹ˶ԣֻΪٴ飬Һֿܳϣܹܶڲ뻼ߣĿģȫǻ֮ϡڴĿ֮¡
ֻܳǵ㵽Ϊֹ˵ԼĿȻѦ޵µܹ͸٣ܷܲ¹ģһֻоȥʲôεľҲȥʲô̫ѵ࣬ʵʵذѲãԼʵͿá
Լѡһ˵ˣͲˡ
ģ棬мƽϡ
γʦĴֹۣ
ܳɲȥ⡣
Ѧ޵˳ţܳҲû˵ʲôųĬһֱ绰𣬶δйȻĬĬ߳˰칫ңҡ
ſڣͬʲô¶ûһģЦ߽䡪
Ȼʤվ̨ϣ߰ͷͦ𱳣ëҽʦҵ
ëһָչ¾˵ʤ䣬ʦˣҾͰȽ㰡
εһ꣬ͳ˶Ժ˶ÿյ˶ʿоҪ֮һ˵һѧҪ˾·ݲ½
ʤǫ֮ʦʱѧϰɣڵʦǣҲһһ͡
ʤ䲻Ҵ⣬ԺԻԴڵѧȻɧ˶ʿһ꼶꼶ʦܣҲ𽥳ɳϵ˶ʿʿʦչѹ֮ơ
˭ܱ֤ҽʦĵһѧǲǼ©Ĺ̥
˵ʤȻƳëһۣ˵ʵ˲һ£ǲ֪жǱġ
ζ󣬳ʤᵽȫĳʽѧϰĺôҲиҪԺͬѧǱҪߵ·
Ѧ޵¾ͿˣתͷԼѧʢС֣˵ô
ʢüһüͷͷʦʦԴڵѧҲǽеĲʿо츳ĿǰϣѾԳ濪չʽˣСĴʦ㡣
˵⻰ʱʢıеΣ˶ʿ꼶ͻ쵽λá
ȻΪ벡𣬵ڣʢܹĲˣҲǼ򵥵ĸȾߣĲ١
󣿡Ѧ޵ֿʡ
ɾΪѵʢˣǣʢʦܣҲǼʿ꼶׾϶µüĿһػأʦʮıƣŶʮꡣ
׵ĻѦ޵°ìͷֶף֮ǰ˵м˼ôôþû˵ˣ
ʢϲЦһ¶ʼ̿
ҽʦ˺¼ҽ࣬ڲ˼
׵ʱеΣ۽Ƕ˳
ԴڸˣȻڿЦʱëûסԺҽʦţʱ򣬱̨ġ
ʵԺڼΪټһΡҪԴڰѶ㿴ԼŮȻԺҲеԶ
ʤҲˣԿȻֹ
Ѧ޵½Űѻƿԣʤ߿սжսʿ΢˳һ㣬Ϳʼβǰɣ
ʮ㣬㻹ڸʲô
ʤԿǵʱ崻ˣתͷͣʦұƶսΪרҵ⣬Ծֿ˻˶ʿʱ򣬲ǱʦԲʹ˼ʹ
ʤԩ߿һսɽѧսħȻ˶ʿԹˣﶼûԸҪҲû취иô
㿴˼СܣСܽҲʮߣڸСڸ
ë㲻ҪЦ㿴ʮˣڸ
ëͳʤ˲۹۱Ǳǹĵ湤
ţôܳɾǱ̬࣡ȣʦ˵仰¡
Ȼֻ˵
Ѧ޵¼ëͳʤʵתͷʢʢһ֪֮С֣ʦûʦܵѧϰմãд
ʢ̣ΪЩɰ˿̵ı⺩̬
ǵͷóڵѦ޵Ҫܳɵͼڣ˭˭ĿǰڶĴʦ֣ʢһ۹·˷
һ߶飬һߴҵѧҽ·̫ѱ¯ɫǼ츳ġ
Ѧ޵¼ԼѧһʵˣҲûȥЩסҽʦͽҽˡ
£ǽһ껹ǰģӽβض˵ססܣһ̯ӵѧ˲˼ȥ˵ǣòµĻԡ
ܳɾЦЦĬĬصͷѦ޵µĻһ־ʾʮʲô
ģҲǸСסѡ
ڴ˿̲Ҫ˵ֻǿһԼѧԷԶ˼Եͷ
Ѧ޵һķΧƺе΢ҲǾԼոյⷬʵеݣ˵Ͳǧڿʼ̤ʵذɡ
ȴʦ˼ô
ƽʦֵѼʦܸߵĸߣĮĮ


ڶʮ µ̱
ڶ̨Żص˱Ѧ޵½ڸ÷䵽֫ǹۣжηԹۡһֹ̨ǹۣѦ޵˽
Ѧ޵˵νԼֻǿͷԼѣһԲΪԼһĻôҲա
ǰ׼Ĺһоëʤ˶ַλš
Ѧ޵´һӣ޾ºԶվλСܣڶ̨̨ɡ
֮ǰţܳǰ̨Ѧ޵³Ժַ̨λǱȽҪɲ֣ǰϤָС
ܳȻҶԣëʤ˶Ȼתͷʦ³ˡ
кһѧǶ˵ۺʹǹǿƻǶš
Ѧʦ겻ǺսԣǴԵֲᡣǺúơ
¶ڹкС
ƽ˹۲ˣѦ޵Ƥһ£Ӳ̨¼ҽ֮ҲһĴš
Ѧ޵ǹؽڵ˶ʿ˵ĲʿԹʵó
ƵʱѦ޵½ڵΣʱ۲˺ܶ࣬Ѧ޵¶ˣ˸֮󣬱ٲ֡
ûչʾɲǶԹ۲ͨ
Ѧ޵»ͷ˹һ£ɫƣĿֿ˵Ѧʦûʶհ
ҪҼڻϿѦ޵·˷ۣ漴һ
ΪƵĽڣֻʽв֮ΪҪǰͻһ򣬶Խ̨ޱظȥƬ
۵ַλҲǻ֮һʵпλڹ̶ʱҲõ
ˣѦ޵²رĹ򣬱Ŀ֮£ѹ۵ĸλˣ֮˫ĴָڴŹ۵Ķ϶ˣȻԽ΢
Ѧ޵²ųһûûǣȻҪŽڿˡ
æزңȻкƸCʦCۻ
߳ȥĹУȨɻؿܳɣƺû̫ӳɡ
ܳø첲Ȩһ£ַλԭôһЩѦǺˣԼҵķʽвͬ
ոѦ޵²ʱܳɾͿѦ޵µַλھ֮ͨϣδҸλķʽѡҲвͬⲢӰЧ
۲ͬ;ͬ飬ֻ·ľͷ죬Ѧ޵µַλܵľͷܳɵ¶ڴ˻֮Ͻеĸ
޸ߵ͹֮֡
Ѧ޵⻰΢΢ͷܳɣֿȨϰַλļ棬ҲΪ
ȨҸߵѦڣˣǼʶǳˣżֲ⣬Ǽֲˡ֮ǰһֱܳɸ磬ΪΨһַλʽ
ܳڰҽԺʱ˺ַܶλҲ̹ȨκȨޣŲ۴֪
˵˾͵˸ңC͸ӵĽȻ۵ĳʼӡ뵽˵Ժ֮У˿̸λƽƬܾȨҪһʱȥολǰƽƬ
˶ǲϵͷҪޣѦ޵µĻǰˣֻйоأСܱȻ˵ǹ㣬ҪЦ󷽡
ס˹˽ƨѦ޵¶ܳһЦСѧҽϵ츳ʵĽ
ܳ;ô㣬˵󲻴˵СС̥ͿʼѧȻûѦ޵½ڽӴĲࡣ
ܵ˻ֻ츳ԭѦ޵Ϳܳɵַλһ㣬δܿƨֻΡ
ܳЦЦ˵ѦʦòӴ۲΢е
ǳǰ춼ǽӴ۲ȻһЩҾԺĵ۲˱Ͳࡣ
Ѧʦǫˡ
ʵ
Ѧ޵ȴػأСܽӴ۲Ķ࣬ƸȾĸӲ⣬ɲ
ǫĻͲٶ˰ɣչˣҪСˡ
Լܳǰ̨̨Ѧ޵½ɣѦ޵ΪԼһ׼ͬҲڸܳɱ˵
Ѧ޵²ȾǵƥҲżҲԼĹʵҿ˽ҲгԵģȫûȫס
ܳɴδй뷨˵ͷ˵ллѦڡ
λЧѾΪԣٵȻء
е̶Ѧ޵йۿΣÿܳɶԽ⣬Ͼʽɣÿһ⣬µ
Сппλڹ̶еʱΪ˼СѶȣҲһĲɣ޷ᵽҲǺѸλúõġ
Ȩֺͺ͵ؿܳɰڹ̶е벡ڣáڵЩеȫѵģǰͶ롣
ԽһշרԽһɻᡣµʽһΪһЩʣħĽ֪ˣھʡȵҲн֪
˽½Ӵе˾ҲڰеʹһЩŵĹ˾ǰ棬ΪȨڷ絲ꡣ
ȨҲճɳϰֵĹ˾εͶʣ䲻ǹעһǶŵĹ˾ҲӰ죬ĻôǱ߾Ͳи
һ̨ܿǽʱ䣬ʱڣһСʱתʣħԺȻ
ҽʦȴʶΪ㲩󣬴̵ҽʦԼѧƺѦ޵½˵ܳȥһۣһΪԼߴ䣬ȥ˸ƻۿƵء
ħԺĸƣʮӾͰʸ꣬߶˵ۿƽڸǲܾӣ˹ؼ֡
ˣŽڡѦ޵̨΢΢ȭ
Žֱҡͷ˵кģʽ൱ǸµĿ⣬֪ж˶ҵλء
⣬ڱ
ʽĿչҲܹûдһƪǰ˶δӴʽӰ첻СŽܹᣬҲԼĵӼʮƪsciŵԴ¡
ǿƽпңҲǺ顣
Ѧ޵˵ŽڣԺиĺᣬܻмﲡˣȻЩʱ϶ۡ
Ķȴ˵ѦڣƣǷǳٴҵģԺ൱һʱ䣬ֻ̨Ҳ࣬
Ѧ޵¶ʱɫŹ֣˵Ķб£ȻܹҪȨҲţplusҲ֪ƵԼչԴοǵġ
תһȦûܳɣܳɵһ̨ԼߣڿǺǸϰȥˣҲǶԵȥ˰칫ң侲úõٹһ̨̡
֪Ŀǰоǡ١ʽϻ¬ԽܳȥġԼܳɾھԺ£Ȼ⣬Ǿ͸Цˡ
ѹСѹҲǶѦ޵ԼĿ
ҵĹϢܳƵֽˮˮȻƫͷʣе̲̫ϸ񰡣ų̂
Ȩ˷ۣԺûеָҽԺ̨µʮŶӣҸɻô
ҲҲò˵ʾȻĻֻең͵ˡ
е˾ҪָפҽԺһǵؼҽԺҽԺԼС͵ӪҽԺṩһļָ䵱Ͷ
ħԺĵط̨˷ѧϰԴ¼ϼҲҪ
ȥָǣɶЦ
ⲻ𣿡ܳЦЩĽ
иƨΪ̨˰һƥڣǹ˾еҪԺǱߣŶӡ
û취еӦ̫࣬ѡȨΨһһôǣǵļ۸ռһƣ˴ܿʼҲǫ̂ʤޡ
Ȩ˵⣬ƫͷŶˣɳй˾ĸ˻㱨ǹ˾ѾϴѧҽԺңһ̶ȵĹϵ
лл˰
ļ۸̫ͣĻû׬ԸرʵʵŻݡԾţķˡ
ҲܾţҸ磬Լҵĸ״Է˵ģ㲻ӦǻҵĹҵġ
Ǯ࣬Ǹ˼Ȩص
ܳ뵽Լķȷ̫ˣһµķ⻹ֲȥһÿΣҲӦ
˵ȨӣڵĻϣûˣҲ̫ѹԼɵģ϶еò׬
ǣһúõسʽѧϰһʱ䡣˺һʱ䣬ٵһʦħɣԶ̺ͺˡ
ܳҪ̿鲻СٴӦãһȽϳ·ߣˣȲ˺ܶʱ䡣
ȻͿǵˣѾħMDɽѧҽԺĲʿнʮwģԷԺġȨΪ۵˵
ôǮܳԼûʶģֻĽǮֻǰͶ롣
Ȩ̾һ˵԰ʱ֪ôʣ֪ͷ˾㣬й˾㿪ļ۸н5000w
жΪ㻹ǸѧԪƽԺʿܹѹסһЩ˵ġ
ܳԣ۾һЦ˵𰡣нǧҹһܹ꣬ɳƽˣʱŲʦƨɺ湤ӱˡ
ǧн˵ʵѾԶԶܳɵԤڡܳԤϣڰСппλڹ̶ųʱǱڵ󣬾ԶԶֹˡ
ֻǼȻȨøһУôȻ˱ˣֻǰڣԺȨ϶Ҳ
ƤһһϢǧˣܹƤнǧʵ˵ķ˲ţȥҿŵأ
С
Ȩ÷񣺡ΪҲ֪ǸŮѣַܹƽ϶Ҳ֪ˣֻƽͺ˰
ܳɾ֪²ֱӰˮȨϣסˡ
һ䣺TMʲô
Ȩ˷ۣ˭ȿҵġҿءһѡ
ôˣܳ㶣ʡ
Ȩֱ㻹ûҰҸ㽲ϸڲҸˣһֶЧ濴ˡ
ǸǶһͬѧۣĻҲ֪զľ֪¡ϣƥ鷳
ȨΪ˱ʾԼĿԣǾͰֻݸܳɿ
Թ˵ǶǾԺ˶ҽѧεѧһֱ
ܳһȨԷĶԻٿ˿ͷ񣬺üһⲻǶ
ŶðɣԭʤŮѣǶͬѧۡȻȨˣֶε鱻ץסˣԶԼĥ˵Ĺ
Ȩֻջ૵绰䣬ˣҿ
ֶֺӡó°
㻢
ܳĬĬؼװԼѹʶ㣬ˡ
ٹһܳȨ˵߰ɣȥңһ̨Ѧ޵½ڵǻҪȥģر㡣
ȻеȫѣѦ޵½ھҲûҪǮǸˡ
ŶܳɸӣҴ硣Ȩֻһգֿʼ
ܳվ
µҵʱѦ޵½ѾΣϸƬȻ󲻶ϵ㡣
ԱߣҽʦֱӰѳʤһѧϵ˱ϣֻę̈ϣԿʼ̽
Ѧ޵ǴˣһŶӣѦ޵½ʽȻҪΪ֡
ѦʦѾ׼׵ˡٲһ̨ƤЦƺǶʽ
Сܣϰ壬һϴ̨
رСܣɵòҪԼĻܹ󣬵öָ㡣Ѧ޵Լ̬ǺܺãܳɺȨЦ
ȨЦܳ˵Ѧʦȥϴְɡ
лöˣܳɶٻӦȰãٸЩҲ١
ϴ֡£̨ϣȨ̰Ӧеһһֻ̿Ѧ޵½ڷԸʵʵеС̨֮ǰƽƬϽвˡ
ȨǶ׼ĸͺŵеԱʱ֮裬ȻЩеҪûȥ˷ʱɱ
Ѧ޵½ڼ٣ȻѭŹ۵ԭȸλ̶
ַλ
Ѧ޵Ϊ˱׷ٶȣ͸ΡλΣÿһζܹù۶϶˵ĶԺϣ׵
һνѦ޵½ڲ˵ͿˣҲС㣬ǿʼɣȻͨеķýиλ΢ҵðһضλС
Ѧ޵½ĽܳһݣǸˣѦʦƽ̫ˡ
Ѧ޵ҡͷ˵㶼ǫ̂ʲô벻֮˵һأƽ̨֮µ
ǸȻмƽϡѧϰ޸ߵ͹Ǽвβ롣ҵľ飬㣬ãǶ
㲻ҵ˼·
ܳɾЦЦԭ򣬻ǱȻҪѧϰġ
ʵڸһѦ޵µƨǹ¶ȴһԲʱ¹ؼʱ̣˭Ц
ƽ˵ЦΪѦ޵ʮþȣ̨ϳٿɷɿ죬Դ˿̲ˡ
ܳ˵Ѧڣ˿Ȼȡ¸ĵ幫ִں󵽽Ĥ㣬ƿĤ뼡϶ֱĤ棬ȡͬ򣬲ͬλףеֶ£ȻµеȻ£ɴﵽ
Ѧ޵²Ȩ˵ʲμĸ϶ˣѧȻܼ򵥡
Ѧ޵΢΢˫ĿԸȡԲҡѪǯ׼
ԲУ׼ִʽڣӲֱпƤƤ֬Ĥ㶼δ˼ܳӸԵ絶ʽֹѪ
ҰƺãΪؼġ
ƿ˽Ĥ󣬼¶Ѧ޵ºֹܿѪǯѼԷ¶˼ļ϶˲˳ʵ̶֮ȣܳɽӴϼУǰС
Ѧ޵µַǳϵܿ˼϶ֱĤ㣬ѪǯбչĤָƿһֱԼ2.5mmĿ룬Ѫǯĵı¶£̶˹Ƕˡ
ΪﵽǶ˵һ·һΪڶпڵı־
ܳϤޱȣҪѦ޵Ҫƽ֮£Ȼͬһ֮ϡ
һѦ޵³Ҫ顣
ͬƽдһѦ޵³һǳˡʵٵʱ򣬲СжȣҪΪڵĸߡ
ܳɺЦ֮ǰûпôȫЩ˿ָеţ֮Ѧ޵²ܳе졣
δװơ
ڵʱֱ۵ٴλζ֮ǰܳǿĵĲʵȴôϸѵ㰵أϸϸ˼֮£ȻãԼѧϰУȻҪѦ޵ߵ·ӡ
ǿڡ
˸·ڲѣڹؽھþܡ
֮Ѧ޵½ڲŰѾͨþܵ뵽һˣһ˵Ĺӣеķ·ھֱ۲
еʵģСʣɡ״ǻĲѡ
ǣһѵ㣬һ˵þѾռãһҪä٣ʵõı÷ʽٿףֱ¿еķù̡
ҲһѡȻѣ
ä֮£ѶȸӼӱǵ˾һ¬ˣ˵е޷ڹǻ£ʧܣֻܹ˳ظ
Ƿ˵þܵģ൱ǿԿڶеҪԺϣΪס
ܳɿһϽ˵Ѧڣڶеʱ򣬿΢۵Զһ㣬һҪùܴλá
ڰе뵽˹ǻںȰγһеĺȻٰѾӷ룬ɲеˣеﵽǺ֮ٴһεɡަ
һ˶ι̶еβȻڹǻģٰѾ˳ѹ̶е룬ɡަ򿪣ͬʱϣɡަȻץǻڣɴﵽ̶Ч
Ѧ޵ЦЦ¾С˵һְɣ
һ˵ţһ
ֻܳĬǹ⣬ΪԱֻ֪Σ֪ʣȻԸƣܳɲǿ⡣
ֻǣ˵򵥣˵Ҳ̣Ḷ́Ϊס
мͬȵĽڶ¬ˣˣѦ޵µĵһβȻδ˵еϡ
ֱ²ףοä١
ܳɼ״˵Ѧڣֶ񣬺úһ£۲е˶ԺʱָмɣⲢѡ
Ѧ޵²֮ǰ˺ܶ׼ܳҲԸѵķ
Ҳäٵһ֣Ѧ޵Σһεʧܣʲôй
һģ棬äϰʮ꣡
Ĺ
Ѧ޵һܳɵָȥ
ĳһ̣Ѧ޵ºȻǸое໥סˣΣ˫һֿ۸к
Ѧ޵ĿһCۣ͸һΣ
ܳҲ͸ǵһΣΪչʾҿҶ֪ܳɶ͸ӡѦ޵»һԱ
û˻
͸ӽܿչʾCʾĻϣԿɡަеڹǻڶԺϵһ
ˣļ
һѵģо棬ָܳ㣬󲿷ֵ˶Ϊụ̀УҶԺϵĹУһ˿ſɡ
ʵ
Ѧ޵½ڳһܳɣСܣɷһ
ѵ߰գڼѵȻûס
ܳɵͷѦڣȻǿˣ֮ǰۣչһˡһ˵е̶ʵһһˣʵڲöԺϵĻҲչһ˹̶
Ȼڵ߲˹̶ͲѶȡ
Ѧ޵ָ֮ܳһõľϡ
Ѧ޵µĿ˲ЩԹؿܳɣ˵⻰㲻˵
ǣѶȵϰӴָкȡֻѡñѡĻôвʱ֮ʱѹ
ѦڣޱҪȶԺ˱ȽϺãΪڲǡ߹ǡʱӵӦ֡
ɹǡŹڳеĴǻܳ˵ԼĿǡ
Ѧ޵ͷ㲻棬ڽ̻ڽ
Ѧ޵һЦЦԼ飺֪Ҹոж𣿲ѧǰˡ
ͬʱﰵ˵ҿɲǷʧˣߺ͵ƥȻ֪ܻ绰ʺһ㡣
ԣãÿԵ绰ǡ
ȫͬĹ¡
˶ԺϺúѦ޵̶һˣȻٹ̶һˣͬʱ֮Ѧ޵Խŵ͸һΡ
ɹѦ޵½ʮͣȻĵϲáȭͷԴһ£ȻٰԼظ졣
ϲѦڡŻһ
Ѧ޵һ̨ĳɹɲֻǼ򵥵һ̨ħԺĴƣ̨ףң
ҲţĴƣӭµרƣĻ˽񣬶١
ϲʦëҲѦ޵µϲ
Ѧ޵²ûΪһʱĳɰܶԣ侲󣬳ȵ˵ϣСƬ׼һ̨ת
⣬̨һҪϸ󸴲ָ֢꣬һգոƽƬ
˼һܣܣһ¡£ڸƽƬķãгеҺŷòʱ͹µĺš
ˣϸıʱʱ֪ͨëҽʦ֪ͨڣֱԽ֪ͨҲС
¼ÿεĸѪָ꣬ÿεĹ߱仯
Ѧ޵ǽڣٴ̶ȣܳоϰŵˣҪͨܶ࣬ҿõ˸࣬ˣһطԸһ󴮵ݡ
Ȼ˵ë£ʢףĸԸһÿνﲡˣڣе֡¼ԭʼݣǧ򲻿ɴ⡣
ԭʼݵ˵ĻǾ͸ԭλ϶ǻһɡ
ëµ˸Եͷִ£Ҵأ
ԭʼݶˣǴ顣
ë˵ʦİɣǻķժԭʼݼ¼ķݼϵĵԭʼݱ¼϶ᶪġ
˶ʿͲʿԭʼݵĿأһܹġ
ˣȥɣҪ̫̣ǽܳһʱٴ⹤ģҶҪ԰ʱƫе
⣬ҪĴڿȥµôҾͲǶ˰
СܣȥЪЪ
߶Ƚšע߶ȼеѦ޵£˿̳һ
ܳЦЦѦʦˡ
Ѧ޵ڵȫˡ
һܳߣһֻɶ룬׸ΰôõĶƹ㲢³ȥ顣
ңõĶ޷Ӧٴ֮ϣôĴڣǲġϣʱϰܹѶ΢Ūһ㣬úܶಡ˶ܹõźð
Ѧ޵ô˵ţ뵽ȨǰͶ롣
ֵϧɣϰǧ𶥲סʽѹѹ˾˲źã
ʱѦ޵Ҳ֪ȨšȨΪѹ̫󣬰ѹ˾˹⣬ǿɾJUGGˡ
Ҳûз
ܳɲֻȨһϵԲò廰
һѦ޵²ŰѻƣСܣħʱ䣬Ӧòܳɣ
ǰ꣬Ӧ·ݽ³¶࣬ҹ࿼Բ󣬾͸ȥʦˡܳɻء
İ꣬Ǵȥʮ·ġ
ʱҲˡǾԺߵĿչ˳СһȥѦ޵ʡ
ħҽԺ٣ԣѦ޵ϣܸܳչħĸҽԺġȻʻǱʶǣǱߵʽƹ㣬ˡ
˻ȥܳʦ
ӦʼҽԺܳϸ֮˻ص
½ԼУӦ֮¡
ܳпǣѦڣҾãר͹ƣĿǰչҽԺ˹ࡣ
˲ֹйۣҲȫСппλڹ̶ȫΪ˱Ļôͻһֲˣ޴ˡ
Ѧ޵¿ܳһۣﰵ⣬СҰĲС
Ѧ޵ҲûԣܳɣѾֳ㹻ʵ㣬ԼԺҽѧĵ·ؽһ˳
ĿԼרһ֣ĿǰǿƵĵλĸִҡ
ңǺǻʱ޷У϶ƣûĹǿҵϵµһ̱
ĿǰǿƵļרƣûһԴڻ
ǰ


ڶʮ ƣ
Ѧ޵и˵Ե㿼ǵõеܺı£Լѡ񡣡
ûжԴҲ۶Դ
ܳЦŻأȻѦʦ
κˣûһʽܱϲһ
̨Ȼ죬תʱһҲǵ緹ʱ䡣Ϊ滹һֻ̨ܽҽԺԷѦ޵½ڸǩ֣ܳɾ͸߽
ԹѦ޵ܳɾ߽䣬ŵȺ
ϵ˺ܶ࣬Ҳ̨ܳһЩԵĲ̧̽ǰ׼ҽʦԹ󣬰˻̨ȥ
Ϊ˵һ̨ĳɹڶ̨ĳ߹ǹܳɾûٶ룬Ҳû档
Ѧ޵½ڱڹ裬ֻʽѣнӴ֮Ȼͨԭ򲻱䣬ֻƵĹ̶ʽıѡ
˲ľ飬̨ܳУ΢ſ˵ӣûмָ㣬Ѧ޵½ԴĴֻӣܹӳ߹ǹƵһ̨Źǹۡ
ڵ֪ʶֵزֲ֣Ƕ˽⣬ԻľӴ֪ʶϵ⡣
ȻΪܼʱһ̨Źǹпλڹ̶м٣ŶӵϺĥ϶
ϣѦ޵½ҪܳȨȥԷܳܣȨҲ˵´ʦԷ
һЦЦΪֿطҪ󣺡ѦڣܳɳоǺѣҽһտɷ񣿡
Ȩһռ
ܳɾ֪Ȩһţһ䣺Ѿģ
Ȩƨ¥ߡ
ܳתѦ޵ʱѦ޵½ȻȻ˵Сܣð
Ȩ˽һգûֻͣͲʺˡ֮ģн֮
ܳ¥ҵȨȨѾ·ʼϴܳɸ磬ҪҪȳԷ˵¡
ŸճԹ緹ʲô֪£ڲ˵һȥܳɿ϶֪ȨԵ޹ʵƿѦ޵£
Ȩĵرտڲˣܳɰ·ϣûãûá
ܳɷ˷ۣƿȨĻ⣺զôɧζ
ٺ٣ȨЦ¶ڡ
µϺȨ˼ʻλһ߿һɫܳɸ磬һʱ䣬кܶڶǹ˾еһ룬˻ˡ
ǹ˾һԱͽڳѡǹ˾еû㱨㲻Ұɣ
Сппλڹ̶еһң޷ֺţ͵͵ԽܳãȨڴӦ˾ˡ
ܳжţҲϣ㲻վӵģá
е̣ģ˲սӻƫģԺΪҪҽԺͱȻҪ΢˲һЩöԷԼĳ⡣
ҾܳɸᣬһУøҽġ˵ȻˣҪֱַҪþãҲʲô
չֳĳ⣬˵ûбҲûʧ֪˲ֹѦ޵½ںﻯΣڵΪ˽У¼ƵΪ֤ݡ
ңϣΪݵģܳɸרٲá˸ԽзܹѶ
æе飬ûҪķ񡣿ңø绹˵ˣʦȦˣҪԽժӣǼѵ顣
ҽԺħߣȻˡ
飬ܳҲؿǹǲûȨǵô㣬ʲô̬ȣܳ񻹲ö֪ˣֻܰĿǰԼӵеԴϡ
ôأܳʡ
ΪֹǵеֻоԺõ˲˵ϡȨֻ˵һ룬һҲԱ˼
ܳ̾һ˿϶ʧ䡣
ʵ˲ôʥĸûĻԺЩۻߣδܵСппλڹ̶ĺô档
ʱ
Ȼһ£֪ܳɸôŵġ
ǣʦ˶ʿʦ飿ȨȻƫͷ
ҴӦˡܳû߮Ӧɣ֮󣬾Ҳûвã˳ֵĹȽ׶Σܳɵʱ˳£ôȨ
ܹһλ˳˳ˮ飬ǲģֻҪǰ˸ûˡ
Ȩһһܳɸ㸺Ӧأҵ˵ˣе࣬Ҿʹ˯
ܳٴη˷ۣûˣ
ʱûˡ
ȻԷԷĻһȥһܹ˾µĹʦҵһ£˽̫ߡ
˵ľĲĻҵֿ԰һ¡Ȩ˵⣬Цһ
ˣ˵ġ
ȥæɣһȥٿһϡܳ˵
ϣ
Ҹоֵܹܣ춼ë޶ȨΡ
ǮܳɿЦ
Ȩüһ̸Ǯ̸Ǯ˸顣
ǰ˵ãTM飬ֻһݾϲʲôģͲҪˡ
ܳúȨ£ҲǺЦȻĻȨӣûлأôܣ
˼ܳɾٴ˼
Ѧ޵½ڽ̸ĹУԼ㣬Ѧ޵µѾԼİţԣǿԳ䶨ˡ
ڵ˼άҪӴ⣬ҲҪȥŤת˵˼ά
ңѦ޵ԼܹôԿһЩ͸úúðź͹滮һȥ½ԼʤȥؼҽԺˡ
ȨҲõһԣ㾹ȻǳʤŮѵĹۺѡ
ܳû룬ٴڱʼǱϣдд
°ʱ򣬰ܳɴ绰ԼܳӦˣûѡȽϺõĵط¥µϵط
ʱ򣬵ĸ˵ţͣóʱ˷
Ѱ£˵ʦ֣ǽչ÷ǳ˳̨꣬ȥ俴ʱˡ
еϧûָܿܳ㽭ɽʽڿָٴһĻ
ܳɵе棺Ĵʦ˵ԺרŸôɶŽˣ
һ˳ˮ飬ˣ϶ܷһƪ¡
ʦµĿ⣬ˣֻǸѧ̫ˡ˵⣬Ȼе㷲˵ʦʦ㻻ȥ˱ʦңҿڡ
Ŷܳ۾һ
ڵİÿ԰󣬼ϰҹ飬ԽԽܵչԴڵˡ֮ǰһͨڵĸѧڵʽѧҲûѺܶʱ䰡
ее㲻˼ʦ϶û취ȣҪǿʦ
֮ǰ͹һΣܳɴˣڵİʵˡ
ʱҲûܳˡ
ܳɵıٴεʵҲͦһܸɡ
㶣ҴŵȻİִ뵽Դˣܳԡ
պ
ܳɶ֪ԼôּеգʱܸС
󣬰Ͻֳ
ʦ֣ȻȥˡԼ˼άòʼǰԼӵġ
ܳҲеºͰദͰദʱ򣬻᲻ȻɧͲ֪ŮҲˣòܳһʱ䣬֮ⶼӡ
ܲãĻԼıǩ
ܳɺ󱳷

գܳ˿Ϊг̱˳죬Ҳɣɸյ˿˻ʿվвںͻʿվĻʿۡ
鷳ҰתԺҲ̫ûˡԲ˷¡
Ͽ㡣⿴һ˼һ죬װĵģǲ֮ɫ
ʿվĻʿĽͣãתԺ󣬳ԺҪǶѾ֪ˣҲѾ֪ͨ˹ܴҽð˵ϰ֮ܰ
ǹʱ䣬ֻܰԺҲǽ˺üˣ⻹жʮӣϣһ
˵䣬Ŀɨܳϣһ˿á
һﰡԼˣɲ֪Ϊ鷳
ܳûᣬֱܴӽҽ칫ңȻȻ֣ʤȹܴҽȫźȦŲ
Ϊ֪֮ǰܳɲڣ˵ֹҲ֪Ѧôģֻ֪ܳǸоҪ
֪ˣٱˡҽԺ񶼲һ£ȥͲƨɣƾɶ
˵䣬ͻȻɨܳɽ˰칫ңϽտڣװ񣬵ͷȥ
ͬʱںҽʦޱߵ˰칫Ȼ󿴵֮ܳüɫһ
СܣǸѦȥһΰ칫ңڵ˶ڵšڶܳ˵ʮֿ
˽꣬Ͷ溰Сգһ£˼㣬
ܳͨǸεסҽʦ֪Լʱ򣬺ǵ鷳
ô£
ԼȨԽ
Ŀǰ֪̫٣ˣȥΰ칫Ϊá
ƿΰ칫ҵţﻯںѦ޵½ھЦӭ
ֱֱ֣Ӱܳɸˣ
ڣѦڡǲǸ鷳ˣܳɫ޲ʡ
ﻯ˵СܣȽҪ˵ء
Ѧ޵½ȥܳݲˣĳ̶ȣܳɸΪѽ⡣
鹤Ц滢
ܳһ߽Ȼ󾲾ﻯѦ޵½ڶ˵Ľ֮ͣܳɾ̲סһ
Բۣܳɵ˫ţ̲סվ
ﻯȴ˵СܣؾȣⲻƵһЩСֶζѣ޺޹ϵ
ܳɽתͷʣⷨ˭ģ
ܳͷƤˣַ
Ѧ޵۾Ȼϰơ
ܳɵǲ˲Ĳ
ðɣʵɧĻʵȨҲͦɧġ

ʱܳĿתضﻯѦ޵½ھһ١Ҫӵǰȫ¹ʣҪӵһǿԽ飬ǿңԲ֡
Ѧ޵½ɫġ粵ڣСȨģҽԺбģҽƶû˵ʲôϹϾأкβɣ
ﻯ˵ǿҽƵ𣿡
ٴҵΪҽƷģΪ˷ģڲ˵ܴ֪𣿡
Ȼ˵ҽƵƳԸԲͼ˽ͣǲ˼𣿡
˵ˣҪС¡ⲻǺϺأܹ顣ĿǰΪֹǿĲĸǰĲˣҪתȥҽԺ
ﻯδǣֱ˵Ѧ޵ˡ
ʵѦ޵ҲֻƲ
ʿŻҲ˵˽һ²ԼǶһҧۿСģڰ塣
ʼ֮ǰ̵Ѿʼ˸ûҰ˭
ҲʹǻŶӣû˶Բ˼˵ֻܴҽǱߣҲû˵©졣
ûпܣڰУ
һѾĲˣԼ˿ģĳ˶Ƶ罻ƽ̨ϣĿǰӰܹ㡣
Խʵϰ֣Ѵˡ
ʿҲ֪οеĿ⣬¹شˣܻбĵˣװ˼ҽԺ˼˵ҡ
˶𻰡
ﻯҲû׷ҽƶѦ޵£˵ʲôأ
΢ķΧн
һȺͶȥʤèۿ
Ѧ޵¡ڵٴΰԼ˾ۼҵȴ׼鷿֮ǰѦ޵µĿ⣬һһɨܴҽһŶӣŶҪġ
κһѣͿʼ£ܹ飿
ҪţһѶֻʱġѦ޵˵ÿһˣһ˱ԵͷȥҲ֪ʲô
ֵĲ˶ѾתԺ߳ԺѦ޵½ڴ鷿ʱǵĻӦҲΪܡ
ʱ׼ҪˣͲѦ޵ˡ
ٱŰٱ绰ˡ
ѾĲˣвͷ˵Ѧڣллĺ⣬ʵҶûʲôֻǣǲǲ˵ɵӰʵϰⲻĵ˴ù𣿡
Ѧ޵½ԣüͷһ壬ٴνͣ˵أҲǽҽԺҽƣҲ˵ˡ
СǵõʽȨģȨר飬ױǩǶ˰ɣٶȾҵǵݣһ㣿
ǲңѵôڵĹͬȷϲɣ
˵üͷЩǵȷ֪ˣԼһʮСģصľԺȻòġ
˵ŴλǷĵģҽ
˵Ѧڣϣһ϶û˯ţܾùͷƵģҲԲá
Ѧ޵½ЦЦϸ磬⻰ҿɲͬ⣬֪ʵĻʵ˯ŵĸŴĲˡ
ͳļϣҿ϶аյģʵСпڵСҽɱҪͨöడ
˵֮ɫѦ޵½ֵһƭ㲻ɣ㲻ȥˡ
ֻ˭ġҪԼзӦʹôôƽƬô
˼ͱѦ޵»ļüţϵù
ɹؼǰĿǰΪֹԺĻظȻһⶼûУ˷صʿҲǳȨģΪܳȨġ
Ȩ飬ɲǩҪġ
ͨˣһôܳɣ£ôܷأ

ٴѦ޵½Ŵλϣı飬ңѦ޵ǧл
²ؼ߸߹Ĳܳɣ˵ǰĺܶ࣬ʵʵضѦ޵±֤ǾѦ޵½ڵġ
ЩѦ޵ڵҲֻǶԲ˱ʾлȻ˸һϵеĹ

Ѧ޵½ܹʮŴλ֮ǰһЩϲģȻ̨찲ŵ̨ˣȫˣһӾͿ
ƺһӣе¿⣬ҪùͷвȥƵġ
Ѧ޵ȴ治ɫ˿ż

귿󣬱ðŵûˣҾͶͣ
ΪƵƽ̨ϵŴʣʵϰԽȸ۵Ĵʻ㣬ץټһЩýΪ׷תۣһӾͳѵǰʮһмǰļƣ
æ˺һӵתԺԺ˵İԼѾ˵ĸֽ͹󣬴Ҳ΢Ȼ˶ƽ̨Щۡ
֮УνһƬȻ֮ɫֱ˵ĴڣͲħԺ֡
ң˷׷Լܿѵľ
ҲǲʱһЩҽѧVʼˡ
ҲǷĶƵֵʽ
Ŀǰ֪һֵĹƣҪʽ̶ܹ׵ͳʽ඼дǴпڣݷϣһʮ׵İ̺֯д档
Ȳ֪ǷԽǷʵϰĿǰԼ˿ͼƬԼ۵ƽƬ
ĿǰĹ۷ַλҲǱӦ֮ģӦΪԣѡƣ޿ɺǡ
пڵѡпڵĴСʵ⣬̶׵пڣǶٹۻȴɵõġ
۸λڹ̶˼ʶǳδǸλ󸴲ƽƬͼȴǿ϶ѾǴﵽ˽ʸλĲεġ
һʵϰĻδҲ̫Щ
˽ǣԽڵȻϳͲԷЧ¡
ǳ棬ǰXƽƬʵĻ˵ΪǿƴרƵĵҲΪ
V˿࣬Ҳһ
ûգרҵʿ֮˲ŶȻ
ŵͼƬƬȷΪʵϰԽץ˵ˣ˶ʶغƬ
ûԹ⻹ûܣ˭ûʶİ̺۵ģ
ķת䡣
ͬʱһЩԼĲˣز׽Ƶ˿׷װ
ʵϰԽȷǱȽϿܺߣһ˵һĽпôС@dilidili
Ƶԭ˺ždilidili
ҵĴ򼣬ΰ£ԭŮѶˡ
Ҳ֪꣬ʲôط@dilidili
ħԺƼΪ֪ĵط˿ʵϰҲеţưҿҵĹİ̺ۣǧٹֵģûбСġ

𽥷ͺڰ˵ʮŷ֣ħԺҽԺŹٷڹ˻ظϸ˵ľһɹ˾ʮ֪ǩȨƬ
ԺʵϰԽ֪ͨ˵
Ȼٷ˻ظ鷢Ժһʱ֯ڲ飬ϸ˽֮󣬰Ի㱨
֪ϤԺǿƲˣйпλڹ̶ΪҽһΪԺѦ޵½ڡ
ҽʵϰϵʡϴѧҽԺרҵ˶ʿоȥ12·Уύ˽ѧϰ룬Ϊڰꡣҽʦʸ֤飬Ŀǰִҵʸ֤飬1210ִҵصΪԺ˲ִҵصΥΪ
ҽΪסԺҽʦѯҽϴѧҽԺί൥λɳеڰҽԺɸԺҽǣͷ˱Ժ߼ҽʦΪίIIȨͼ1
飬ҽȥ11·ݣʡίԱǣͷ£ʡҽѧǿƷֻᴴƷ鳤ֽ£˹ڶרңIIIȨޡͼ2
飬ҽԺ3£ﻯǣͷ£˾ѧˮ̶ҽԺЭҽԺҽԺɽɽԺʮ֪ڣʮרҾΪҽѧǿƷֻᣬѧίίԱʮרͬʱļ֤£ϸ顣
ҽʽչ
飬Խ鲢ڣҽõ顣ͼ3
лѼѶԺҽ̵ļලϿɡ
ٷͨһ˲˿˲Ծĵط
TM෢Ķ˵ʮžֱӰôණ˳ⱳ󣬿е㶫İɣ
ΪǣԶͨ淢󰡣΢̻νԼ־ڡɽڣԼǽڣҲòվΪƽϢ
ϾǩȨ˵İ
ͬʱϴѧҽԺҲʱطųܳɵѧλѧѧϣлȥ׼õģܳȥħѧϰУħ˵Ľܽ
ݡʣһӦȫ
ôһһЩûüϲýϾת˷򣬿ʼΪ
ЩǰԹϵýǿҲʼɾԼƵ˵ġ
ÿطÿطĽЭҽԺˮ̶ɽѧҽԺħԺҽԺЩĳ͹ٷ֤ɲС
ҪȦķˣѶȵȷ̫
ҰܿҲһЩҽѧVʼ볡ҽ͹۵ԭԼȥĿƵ˼ǡ
ܺãʽħھҽԺĶҽԺµĴڵĻŵĴڵĻʱıġ
ʮħҽѧᣬԲģҲǸħԺĹٷţȻͨ档
ûдڵ飬ûУҲΪˣң¿ʽбģһп˵ģʱ򲻳棬ѵȨſô

һҵʱ򣬷˶˹㷺ӰǸ˵Ķ̨˽źܶ࣬ͦάȨģ@ǰôġ
ˣǱȽϹĵǣڻûдλ
ϾħطȻ󣬵¼ܶ࣬һ̶¼ٹ۴пڣ󲿷˻ԸԼһЩġ
ͬʱѦ޵½ٴڣ̸ˡ
ڣܳɵȷΪҽԺ鿼ǣȫȥ˵ҽƷãϣҪټ׷ȥǷʡ
ȻѦ޵½Ҳ˵ˣѾʵҲǲ´˾ģҽԺﲻΥ
˺ͼ㶣ûӻ
Ѧ޵£ѦڣǸˣ˽°İɣôãҺǱƵģ
ڻ¸ΰ
Ѧ޵ˣ飬ȫԼѡôܻ˽°ŵأ
ƽ﹤鶼æˣϣ飬ôҽǰһϣѵһҿԣ
Ѧ޵лһ䡣
ǵġ
΢һ£ҲͷҲ̫ࣺҵҽҩѣĿȫһһǮҪ
Ѧ޵ﰵ˵ǵģҳˡ
ǮôһηʵǷǳʡ˵ģ΢еռùԴѣҲǼʱֹס
ǵģҽԺѾ
ǰſܻᷢһЩźǣҽôõһҽŵ˵εпôСȫ
մȾôһ۵㡣룬ʵߣ۲˱ĴСĻҲСġѦ޵˵
뵽ҲΪ
úԩǸˣô˵İ
Ҳ֪Щ
ԼģΪ˼ǧǮ飬ͰܳɸͱˣҲû˱
˵ϾҽǸֻϣҽǧҪȥ
ȻһתʣҽԺ᲻ᴦҽҽıˣû취˵Ļҡ
ʼ
ܳõ˶˵Ͽɰ
ô˶û˵ܳɵĲǣԼһ⵳ҪŪǿɾͳˡ
Ϊ˸ԼȡԼеȨ棬Ϊ˻ٵһҽȥġ
Ѧ޵ЦЦҲ̫ŵԷ˵İɣҽ϶ᱻġҽܻһЩС鷳Ҫлõ졣
뵽Ѧ޵ǺЦ
Ͳ֪תȥǼˣȥ


ڶʮ ˸Σ
ԺһŶʮ߰꣬ȴ綥˸кĿƽӿһŹİꡣ
һ߿˿ֱһʣ磬תȥﰡħԺǿƣǲҴˡΥȴҽԺ汣
ŹİĿ䣬Ž䱸ħõĹǿӦԺ֮ǰиƼľԺ˵ԺкõƷʽ΢ʡһǮ
ռ˵˼͵˴ù
ҲϽҸȽ׵ȥΪãɽɽԺΪġȫ˶˵
ǸԱ´粻Ȼĳ˾ôʱУкЦЦ磬ģҲæġ
иѾίԺĹϵ
׶ȫ֮⣬Ѳһ֮ҪԷƷ󣬵ȷе֡
ȫɫһСĽȦӣͦİ
ײħˣҲͨԳôլеϡ
սǣȥȫЩʡ
ԴСҽ۲ĺ£һĸΪ᲻ûǮûҪ
գҲħ˲õˡսĶӣ

ûҲﲻæ׸п˵
ϣҲҵ׵ȥɣ̫ˣүү̵ġȫֹһȻֵ
Ȼ˳·ʱ˵ܷ䵽һ
׵ͷҲԹ֮ǰ۵Ļ⣺ţ磬ϣ㵽ʱչһźá
ȫڵĹ˾СĿǰĹ˾һЩԳʿۣнύ˼ΪԼһ·

ħԺֵҡ
ľ˫˴ϣƱ֮ڡסԺӵ绰ⷳһ
ͨ˵绰ȥʰݹͬʱĲã˽ڣֱ˽ˣһǸԺĹϵһǺԬδĵ绰
˽ǸڣħԺµĸڣĿǰҲе˼ķ乤
˽ɫһ˵GСôʦںͻʿĵ绰ճĲŶ˳벡ˣռﲡ˻ﲡˡ
ԺĹǿƽŶƶȣƻãŶӵ˲ر࣬תԺĲ˺ﲡԺӶࡣ
ۼر˽ڣⲻôҾǱߣûﲡҪԺλΰš
סͷסԺ̫ƽ쵼ˣƽ븱ڵﲡˣҪһ̯ӵסԺҽʦмƽвʿأżˡ
۾ԼϹԽ֮ѡ˹ǿƣվΪ˴ΩһһŮҽʵᵽһʦΪβԸǿƵĿˡ
Ů˵ʹΪԱŮӾڹչˡ
㻹ɡ˿˳ȥ
ԺĹǿƸ߳ȥڵĴ߽ͬȻǸ¼ҽɲҸĲбԼﲡˣʵʵŶӺˡ
õģˣ˽ڡЦػظѹסĵĿꡣ
ٸԼʦٴ˵绰һ˵˹˽Ǳûⰲŵ顣
˿Ϊߣܻᵥ飬нҪԹ˿Ҳ
۽ӵ֪ͨǣѲסԺ
ҽıˣ˵һԾԣ۸ڶزܲκʡ
ԣһ
þûת۲ˣ˽˵ֻᡣ
ýֵҽһڵо˿ңһ˵ǹۣλƵоȤ
ҽԺŲ˵ĵ
ۡǶ෢˼ۣҲǹȾʲô߰عԹ۵ȣôϡϣ
ʮһʱ򣬲ƣռ˿Ŵλ֮󣬺иһ
ûλˣڼơܡʱе˵ˡ
ۻûֶãֽӵʦܴĵ绰
ʲô¶۴˿ôӼƹһڲ׵Ĳ˴ȥ˾ͽҽԺ
ʲô¶ҲԺԼģܵˣ˿ǰɣִˣԼҸСҲ˰
ʦ㣬ǴӾԺתԺģ˿̳ˣ˵Ҫ΢ĹоһǶġ
󺺣ǿһܴͣ࣬ܣҲһڡ
Ĺۣڶ̸֪ôüͷһ塣
Ǵƹ۵Ļ̸ᣬ⾭δҲ̫ǳЩɣ
Է΢еԩ۽㣬˵ˣ˾ץ˿ڶ೤м
һŹжιۣһֹ¶εĹۣǲ·׵ĿӻҪġȻٴ̶ݶʱҲÿ
˾˵ƭˡ
һüͷݺݾһǶˣϾԺİԣжţҾԺڿչСппλڹ̶飬ҲѾ֪
ϣƥڿƵκ͸ԺԿǱ¿˰ɣ
ҪʲôȲܲˣֱӴ绰ȰѲսֱǸһ
ס˵֪ûô򵥣ܻҪѾζҪǣ
һ߼ӿŲһߵ²ۣԺҲùģ֪˭˹ǺõĶƫƫ˸ݵĲӳ
ͣ²ţ´ǧ͵ȶԶԶϲϻµȶȡ黹ǣԺˡ

˿˲˼Ѿŵ˴λϡ
޲߹ȥԼݣؿڹƣ˵λǲסԺҲǵϼҽʦʲôʲôҪ󣬺ɡ
ǻðסԺЩãҲͦæġ
ȫתͷһħԺסԺǴ֪ҽԺḶܴ́ҽײ㣬ûá
ŹİһָԼֱҽʦ㲻֪ҽר˼٣ĽҽԺĹǿƣŰҸ״ӾԺתߵġ
ԺĹǿʵȫħһҶ֪¶
ҸոСҽ˵ﻹвǺЦúܡ²û󣬼ʶŶ
ȫ˼ҵר˶ңоǱ赽ˡ
۵Ƥ΢һ·˰칫ңȻֱû˵ĸ߰칫ҶȥȻŻ˵ҴħԺллǶǹǿƵΡ
һҪһ仰ԺܶࡣƵĲҲ̣֢ܶ࣬Ǿβá
ǹǿƣҪκùۡȾҲΣҲβãҲһЩ̺֯⡣
ȫ˼ȫԭûκһּԻָԭ״̬㹫ܹȫĹۣȻ̺ۣ֯ǿ͹ʵ
ȫô˵΢΢һ㶡
ЦЦҽῪЦԺĹǿȫ֪ôС⣬أ
۲پκβõƫѧ⣬϶ܴģδʲôҪȴǸвͬġ
ǵĹƼܳ죬ַλпλְݶڹ̶ݶڹ̶ڶڹ̶Լȸڹ̶̶ܳ졣
ǿԲͬĹۼѡԵƹѡ񡣡
ֱһӣȫ׶õе¡
û˵ԼǵһЭҽԺҲ˵ԼȫһһǱ˸˵ģԼᴵţ
Ϣʱ˵ʽȻûԼҪġ
΢أȫ㶡
ޱ飺΢Եģͳпλְݶڹ̶ԣڶڹ̶΢ˡ
ʽҲǳˡ
Ȼ֪˺ͼ⣬ȻҪչԼרҵȥ˵ȻĻκ¾ͰνôסԺֱýںεˡ
԰Ժ΢ģĸǰҲ٣ԿǳԺġȫʡ
⣬ԺĹǿħȻ㲻ǺԺȣʵǲһЩġ
ӦôЩǾԺᣬԺİ
۵Ƥ֪˵ĵʲô£°ڿ˶˶
ǽ˼ˣȽеԹǰ̸˶Σûб֤ҽƾףﻹ
ҡͷᶨ˵ԺĿǰ΢Ĺʽڶڹ̶ˣĹۿݶ룬ԼһЩⲿλĹۣпĶרе
ûض΢
ȫԲţüͷ˵ҽ㲻ǾУͺҰɣ㿴ڵĶϣҶG
ҪҪٺһϼȫΪ
о͹ͨʱֱ˵㹷ƨͺϼôӲ
۵˲ܵ˱˺ܲܲҪ˵΢˰
סĵı񣬺һǿҵҪҪֱڹͨĻôõȵĲ鷿
ڣ
˵ţȴƿˣ߽һͱȽϵİ״ӣ˺󣬱ĬĬ˳ȥŸϡ
׼״̿ڵڣһ£Եһ£ڡ
ȻţλͱȽϴĽڸסˡ
ûж֣ǿرȭЦЦԱݣȻ˵ڣģҡ
ԼʹҪ˵һ飬˵ŵʱ򣬺ۺȫ˾˳
۴˿Ҳε˵ܽڣ˼鷳ˣҽֵʱε۲˵ļ˵ǴӾԺתģҪСпп۸λڹ̶
ǽͣǿҲǲ
ܽڣǾǽµĸڣȫ˿Сп֣ɫһ䡣
ϴ͵͵Ǽ̨Ϊȫɧ
ҲԼܵùƫƫʱ칫ңҲۣ칫Ĳ˶࣬˶ӣסԺûԼضİ칫ҡ
һԲ𻰡
˵λλܽڣܽǾģǲһ飬Ҳ°еˣλͲҪ˰ɡ
ƣ飬ߣټмְƵģÿ
ҽԺ飬ȫ׵⣬ԼϰתСпˣǲǰһô
ǵʹԲ뵽ħиõҽԴͳпλؼҽԺܸ˰
ȫȲ˺۵ĻԿ󣺡˼ܽڣܲܣ΢һ£ӡ
ΪӣҲΪҸ׵Ĳ鿼ǣϣܹܽ΢ʱ䡣
仰ȷдǸĸŮ˭Ը⵽ˡ
һ̾˵ǸСппλڹ̶ʽĿǰٴ׶Σȫδƹ㡣
Ȼѳ죬ĿǰֻħԺǿҵҪҪʽĻǲתԺİ
ȫ΢еɵ
ǣȫ΢е޴롣
ԺԺֵҽԺԽĵͼ϶᷸ġҽϵͳһԭн̨ϸ֤̣ô¼ҽأ
ҽƻҽϵ͸ӣֵͼ΢еʵҽԺôһѱġǺúÿһ°ɡ
ǲǲᣬҲԺÿһҲǵĲ˼Ҳɻλ˼һ¡֪Լ˵ʲô
ۺǿˣûʦͽϵôദʱ䳤˳黹Ҫ͵ġ
˵ҪתȥϢ˻Ҫ׷
סǣλܽˣҪϢһϣСʱʮţĺ˵ġ
ȫ΢΢̾һϢңҹš
˵λʵǹͨԺôҲЩ֪ȣȥֵ̧ҽԺ飬ҲΪԼʲô
ȻҲҹԴ˵ΪᣬҽԺһ˺ѧϰķĿ꣬ĿǰĻδ졣
˻Ÿʵ˵
ǣô죿ȫһؿ˺ۡ
һ̾˵ȱżɣȥϼҽ㱨һ£ܸܲǿһеİ취
˵ۣҶв׵ģˣ۾ٸԼʦһ㱨
ǰѲתȥҲýڵͷϿɣȻУȻڻֲͻȻûˣԼʦҲġ
ȫ״ߺ󣬺۾ʹԼʦڵĵ绰
ڲԺû˵ʲôѡ˰ֱӻ㱨˾ǰ
ô㣬ҪҪƻȥҲÿǩ֣ǩ֣̫УҽԺĹ涨ģͬҽԺ֮תԺҪҽƵĳ
ڸǴ绰ʱ򣬾ƿڴϣƥģﻯԵһϷǣ
˵ΣԺǿƵϾתҲδؾض⡣
ڵǼ뻼̸һƵ飬ǳûһµľ棬ܳɺδؾͲһõʱ
ǾԺģԺ϶뵽취βġ
϶Ѧ޵»ﻯһеľҪŹ㲥òĽȥȻһ̶ϣܳɰ֮
ڵ˼ԣھԺҪǿ϶Ҫβ԰ܳɷųѧˣ˸Ǻ߶ϣ
Ȼ֪µģڽ³Ȧ֮󣬾Ǿ;ûô򵥡
ǻãôģϴﻯ˸ܳǩʱ򣬾Ͳ֣ǻòܳɳ
аɣȻԺҪôߣǾǵĺ⡣תҽԺǸںҲ޲ɡ
һ͵ڶӰ첢̫󡣡
ȥܳɵĵ绰룬ĻԼֱתߣʲ˹⡣
һ죬ɫ޲ػأյģͲö߶žˡˣҲԽԹѧϰһ¡
ö˭Ҫ˭µĺļ˭ԺͿԳתͣʽϣԸʮĲ⡣

ħԺħԺֵҽԺ֮ǻϵġ
ǰ֢ӦԣԺڴ״̬
롣
Ǿ͵˿סԺ۶ˣһſڵţһͲ󣬸ߣĴС˵ݺ󣬺۵۾һ
ǺܿʹȥЦСܣҪ鷳һˡ
ֻǿžǵЦܳ濴ɫǴȨõе˻Ļɫģıѡ
ܳ治ɫصʦˣħԺĹǿƣȫʢĤݣлѧϰ
˵˻˵ȻϲһףܳҲ÷һкβ֮
˻ںţԼѦ޵´绰ʱѦ޵ǼװȵıɫڳԼҲҶൢ顣
ʹܳߣۻûֻתͷ
Ƕʱɫɤӣۣˡ
۶ʱһ£æ˹ЩнͲ˼
þǿɳȻ񣬴˴ˡ
ϧѾˡ
ܳɺ;Ƕٴε˼ǰʱȫ˵ı˵ΰ
ǴӾԺΪ˶ܳɸǵĸĸ
ҽԺ˽ܴͣҽǿ˸ļ˵˵ǶŰܳɾᣬʲ
ΪǽڻѦ޵»ǹû뵽ֱӰҽ˹Ǹשң
ֵ֪ᣬڽͣССппλڹ̶ĿⷢˣԺСппλҲһִġ
ҵѾϡˣСκνڹס
ȫһСппλڹ̶Сģֳ΢Сппλڹ̶Сˡ
ʽϣרңѧǴ˿档
ô˵ȫ׶ɫһ첻
˭ǽְ񣬽ڣʿʦΣħԺǿƴΡ
˵ֻΪ˷УɵӶˡ
ȫ׶Ҳǿÿѹס΢΢ܳɹҽԲ֮ǰᣬϣҪȥ
ʵҸ׵Ĳ飬ϣһõҽƣʵ̫ΪˡҾ̫ʵ
ʵ
ܳҲûƽϣʵһжԲģȨƣԼѦ޵½ǷҪôһףܳҲû취
ǣȨ˵ˣӲ˵ĸҾѦ޵½Ҳ֤˲ȥѶᳬԺ
ЦЦأûû¡⡣
ڣλ˵ǰʲôʱأ𣿡
ҡͷڲ˵ǰȶѾƣѾϵ䣬վˡҲСȥеԼʿȣҶϵˡ
ȫæʣڣھԺʱ˵еҪǮģͲ֪ߣ
õǷİɣߺã⣬ǵĹܴҽϸ۵ģҩ⡣
ǻȺúÿǣôáǲϸظ˽⣬ÿ˶ͣˡ
ǾͺáǾͺáȫ¾ņ̀߼ۣһķãܹܵģۣǿɾͲˡ
ܿ죬˾µ
ԹҲ٣ۡ˽ڵ˶Թλڽ˲òźشյ
ǣ̨Ҳ࣬ŸˣѲػʿ·ŵԴȫ
˵˰Уеʿ̨ˣһԳ棬еʿĹż⣬濴
ܳҲûΪ͵͵ԽǿⳡȻǷǳĵظҽƽƬĸλӸλȻٵڹ̶еķõҪ㡣
ܳϤˣʷǶ
ܳ˵ҪʱǼúݺݵһƣƺеգһԭ˵ı顣
ܳתͷֵؿһۡ
ʶԼʧ̬һ죬ӲͷƤС˵ãҾ;ĥ̵ʱܾﲻԾ
ûԼʧ˵顣
ܳɼ˵˵֮ܽһ飺λַλҾͲ׸ˣȻǼ϶뵽Ƕˣƹǻڡ
ٽϾȡ洰
һ˳ܳɵĻ׷׵ͷ
Ȼܹöȥ
֮ܳҿһȦû⣬Ȼſʼ˵Լַλϲвģֻ˼·ǹ̡
ʵҲѣҪܴ
ܳɻϣ¶Ĺַλ㷢۱ŵĻ˲ʧ
Ϊ˴ܿܳɿ̡
C͸ӣһǲдĹ˶һ
ܳģֻоǣԣǿƴ治ɫ
˼Σ΢⣬ΪҪ˽͵͵Спˡ
ûͣȻܳȡСӣͬ򣬲ͬλ
˵ôץСпڲأԭڣĿôСϿ벡йӴ˵һ룬ʶ΢ԡ
Ͼͱ졣
Ĭ
ܳɼЩ̣ޱˣ˺ܿؾ˸ֶֻڹ̶ем俿£̶һ
ܳδ˽óĿľΪãĻҽԺһףͿ£αôĲۣ
ǣܳɻǷ֣Լյļ̫࣬뾡죬ʶȵʵ޷ʵһоͶǼٵġ
ܳɰѽ̸Ѧ޵µľҪ˵˳
̶֮ܳɲδٶ֣ǰѾȡʵҲܹй̶ĺû̽ǷƶԼĦ
ʧ˵ģ΢ĻôҪ½еʱǿԽCۻֱ͸ӹ۵ٽз΢
ڣдһ¡
ɫ̽Ź۶϶˵ĴУ̾һ˵СܵĹ
Ȼ󣬾̨ܳһڸͬǿһķ׷ȥ̽Уͬʵϰһ㣬Խ۶϶֮ڣԽǾá
Ĺʵɲٿ˿ڣ
һף
˿ֻ˶ҽѧڣڹƴƣҲñ¸дˡ
˶ҽѧճ֮ǰҲв˶֮֮Աǣöǽͬ⡣
ǣ˶ҽѧôȣ΢׷ͨʽܼġ
ܳ뾰Ƕ̨̽еҪ㣬Ȼٴϸϸؼ֤һ飬ɻ
ܳɽһһ⿪֮ѾĥյľǣѾЩľϡ
ڣһ̨һɡܳ˵
һ㶣ʣԺ»δ
ܳ˵ħԺ壬ʽ϶Ҫߵġʱ϶ҵɵĲС
ƹĻһЩͬмʦǣĶѴ
еĲ˶ħ˹Ļôܿǻģ𱼲ۣһ⣬ֻҪڹڣԽݼߣ;ܳʵ
Ѧ޵½ںﻯҲ˿ǵġ
Ѧ޵˵ɣܳɲͬķƺѦ޵½ڵĹѾĸı䡣
Ǻ£ԼĿʵĻϣ̧Ǿˡ
ĺȻڹʵ̨ϣڻĽڣ໥ʱȡ
Ƕʱһ˵СܣȥҸںѦڴһлĻ֮ǰĿ΢ǳһЩ
Ҫλϣѹܴ󡣵ѹһеĽڡ
һ
ħԺǿħһǹǿƴΣ޷סλãǶԲԺǿǰʢ
ôûѹ
ؾɣ϶УҪȥֻǣ뷨ǶԵģʽԡ
ܳҲûЦǽڣ֮ǰܹ齨ǴС͵ѧ飬ħȦڹ㲼ڣٴһĸֵġ
Ҫ˽ģʥˡ
Ҫ̫ˡ
ڣ⻰Լȥ˵ҾǸСҽȵģôͰԺʽĽѧܻѦˡܳɽ
ܹҽԺ쿪չʽԾԺʼúԺȻĽҽǵĽѧǳ죬ѵ࣬Զ̻飬Ƶѧģʽ
ԶԶܳɵܱģ֮ԭ
ֻܳҪ𣬽ͿʱˣҲժӡûйԪƽϣܳɲѡ
ϾԼһϵģ˭ժأ
ǵ̣ÿһ֣ÿһúúðá
ǵǱܳûȥģ⣬ǳķӦһǣԺħĹǿƵһ˺


ڶʮ ˳¿ʱ
ǽܳһܳһһЩרҵ⡣
ƽʱ࣬ߡ
ǲ˵СܣȻҪָһˡҳνӴɱȲѦ
ܳɿ治ɫҲǰڣˮƽۺ϶Ҫҵġֻڹϣȡɶѡ
Сȡɣɲһ㣬Ҫ˹֪ҪۡЦЦδ档
˿ڵѾǰ׼á
һ̨ŹǹֹۣǹۣǴ׵ѵġ
˿̣ϣʧȥҰЩʣ𣿡
үİء̨Ҫ²ʱ
ȴڣۻǾãҪ̨СҽɣǽŰ
ԾԺһȦԺҲˣͿССҽִͳϵСҽԺľרҶǰܳɺԺ
ݹ֮£ǵһԼҲǵһܳɸ
ôܳھԺй֡
ǵıʱһΣ䶯
ˡ
ԼҪ󣬲ɴ⣬ǿܳɣԸ£ԸܳҲùͷġ
һκ⣬ܴӾԺԺڵߡ
ܳ룬˵үллҵΰҲ̨ϣ̨뾰ڸһ֪Ĵڡ
ԹαҳԵ׶࣬ġһ˵ģڱҪ齨һʱŶӡ
үļ˲޾Ҳв
һ˵СҽҪ㿴ŵ˰֪ʵʵھԺͺÿ
ٻؾԺһڣǾԺδػпմҲֻˡ
ֻϣܹһӣһ򼡣
İһѦ޵ºﻯ˲£Ҳû˵
ѾĴ󲿷ֹǣʼʱˡ
ǽڵͱѦ޵½ڻҪ꣬Ҷƫ󣬵ȴ֡һ׼󣬾Ǽܳɣ̡
Сܣ̨Ҫбպϸλ𣿡䷳һ䣬
ܳɵͷڣϳ˼гģҪ̶׼Ըλ󲿷ֵĹۣȻѭƵԭġ
λ̶ѵ
˳Ҳˡ
һȻ˵ҾͿʼ˰СܣɱЦҰҺܾûˡ
þû
ڿЦˡܳһ˫ػء
֪Զʧ˵ڲסԼģҶɵӣֻûҪҿǲ߲ѧϰΪҪ
ĳǿٵҵԼḶ̌࣬˽ڣ÷̶ǣ
˿ǾǵϴԼַλûԥҵ˺ʵλá
ܳĿ΢΢һǵַλѦ޵£вͬ
֮󣬹ȻԼʶ̫ǳˣģֻܸԼܣܴϸڵļʶ
;ͬ顣
ԺʵԼģΪǿƴΣܹԺľǽҲ֮
ûǾͰַλˣܳ˼飬һʱ侹Ȼʧûԭ
λ֮󣬱C͸ӡ
һǾЦô꣬ûѻСΪĸλڹ̶׵
ܳɫ΢΢һܹΪħѧ鳤λãȻԼŵİ
˵Ѧ޵µĹǾ֮ͨϣδĻǣȻǰѹ۵ַλļˡ
һѾǵļֻѷܳɵ¶
ܳɾͿЦҴ۽󣬻һй۸λб׼ô
΢е˾ܿǽڵַλЧüá
΢죺׳ˣСǰҿɲ˵ְѧϰ
˿ǲ˵ڼ䣬β˺ܶ۵ļϧ۵ַλˣҲֻѧ˵Ƥë
ǵʱһˣҹʱ򣬹۲Ķ࣬ڣҽԴֳˣ۵ĲˣѾҽԺˡ
ûҪ̸ǵĶоȤĻ΢Ӵһ¡
˶ʿܶĲ࣬Ժĸ٣ȥô
˿ϽһȺѧ˵ϽллڣһַλǾԺΪ̾ġ
һȺ˶ʿͲʿҲǴϲ׷ױ̬ȣʱ֯뾰ǽڡ
ԻصС
ܳɷ־ǽڶԿþԼڹ̶Ĳһ·û˵
ĬĬһߣǰһߵڹ̶뵽ǻк󣬲ŷԼոˣⲻ¶Լ͵͵ô
Կ̣⣺Сܣڶڹ̶׸ηã
֮ǰԣ
֮ǰȫгеϸڣܳɵͷڣ㾡ԡ
ǲŰܳԣŹԶˣٰڹ̶ϸĴȻ˫ͬʱǯ£ʱ򣬹ȻǸо˿۸С
һͬǰѾ֮ǰǶһ㣬˵пϸڣСܶʽ򣬹Ȼ밡
ܳЦЦ˵ڵĲҲǼΪġ
һٻػƳǯڹ̶ſﵽ̶Ч֮ȡ˳ǯ֮ͬǰǰԼԺϵķʽ顣
Ŷ϶ˣԺϼãǷԹ۵ǿ飬Ҳڹ̶֮£ǯ˹۶϶ˡ
СܣҾ㣬Ȼ׵ˡأܳɣֻϣܳٲҪ
ܳ·ϣͨģģһ¾ǣ֪ʵѾǶʽΪԼѧϰľ衣
Լƽϣٴϵ츳˵˵ĴʵѦ޵¸ΪһЩ
ܳҲûƴǣ飬˵ڣ㼫ˡ
ڷڹ̶ʱֻǾܵλãλ÷ƫ룬Զ˲Ϊʡ
һЩ⣬Ҳһͨͨ
Ǿ͸һתͷʱʱ䣬Ųʮӡ
ԱȽһ£ܳɿ԰ʱ£ʮ£ӡȻǽѧǣԼǴﲻܳĸ߶ȡ
ԼǳҲǿٶȣԺлᣬ
͸Ӻ󣬹̶ĽãλҲǷֺʾһڸеĹ
߽ңԴү˵үˣ˳ЧҲܺõģͷİɣ
찡žܹŹȣ´ˡǻ֫Ҫ̫ҪҪȵµء
õĹпλڶڹ̶ڶ´ǿڹ̶ĿѹҲǲģ´ġ
ǹԭҽԺе
ˣ
˳
ллллڣллҽࡣǲð㿴һˡֿʼ
Ȼ˿ǰѻ˹ȥȻʼβ
ٴ̨ܳȻһ·߻ز
ҪѲһµĲ˵ģһʶԽ͵Խˡ
̨ʱûһСʱǺܳȻʱġ
߽ҺȰܳɽȥΰ칫ңһŷ⣬е
ܳû
˵СܣյֹĻãнѧѧѣǷ֮¡ͲҪȴˡ
һѵѵãͲֹˡδѧö
˵ʵܳǰƣҲȱǮ죬治Ϊģ˵ڣ̫ˣ治á
ҾߵҲǺٴ⣬ˣʵڹⲻȥ
ڣǻȥ˰ɡ
濴ܳһۣܳɫϾ˵ĸ˻ϢңпЩ
ǺҪкӡΪָٴ飬ø㷢
ҽԺǮ˽˵ģ䡣
С㻹ҪܾĻɾͲԺ浥λˡ
ûѵͣΪ֪ʶѣ֮£ÿÿУΪУڵѧʦĸǧڼƵķá
ܳɾ治ˣǰһ߶ȣǾеƲˡﰵǵĶƤ
Ц˵ҵȻϣڱ̫ƸˡһᣬɾסǮƵջԼ䡣
ܳЦȴ仰
˵ֻᵱЦܳѧϰɣܾɽȥˮ̶ġĿ֮¡
İСܣҲͲ˵Щˣȥ˰ɡְŷ˻ȥ˳
Ʋڲʱüһﰡۼһѵˣ档
ڶԵʣҶϡˡ
вڿ˵˿СƵģǿЦɣҿҶӸڴλ˿ô󡣡
ŵرȻһơ
ɲǱߵһˣ߰˴ˣ˿ԽԽ󣬻ڸȾ֪Ҫ㵽ʲôʱȥйȱ𡣡
пڰв˵ʱõеĴǲ˰
˵ڵĿƼҽˮƽԽԽˣǰ밡ĿӣôСûӿӴҲ
һ˵ѪƵĿҲСϡ
˵䣬Ǻܳͣһ˽ȥ
Ǿк˵ǸλѼѼ˸꣬ҪϢһ£ǾͲҪپһϡˡ
˸ҪҲҪǰɣ
Ȼ󾰹кǸ׵˵ǼҲ΢ŵ㣬ֲЦҲŪʱȵġ˻ҪϢˡ
üһ˻˲˲гɺͳ
׼״ҲæͷʼѼ棬Ȼû˶˵ɶˣҪϢͨ˶֪顣
Ǻܳߵԣʣ㣬ðɣ
軹ΪδѾ̶۶϶ĦԼв伡ʹ̼Ѿ֪
˿Ҳ֪ǲ˵ĽɫҲĺãҪý֧Ǽ״æ㣬Ϣ
Ȼȫ飬ٰǾԺˮƽҲҪð԰ɣúϢ
˵ףЦſ򾰹ǣڣҽллǰ֮󣬴ûôù
ֶֻ˰ﶼãҲ˷ˮˡ
ǵͷýʳˣθĴ̼Сָ֪˶Ҫһʱ䡣
ţδϵʱܻʹİǻʵˮ棬һЩֹʹҩ
ʹܿͻʧҲֹʹҩĸãģ֤ܹµؽĹܶ
Һҽ
ǽſܳɣ˼Ҳ˵˵
ܳҲͲẉ̂İǱȽ˳ģһЩעҪãˤˣעⷽʽʱ򾰽ǲ鷿ʱ򣬿϶ϸؽ
⣬ʵضԵ㶫ӿ˿ں͹۵Ļָ
ܳɾֻ˵һЩ׻۵ԭУѵÿҽԺԼᣬöƱƣӰ쵽˵󿵸ָ
ţúúáæͷҲǸеĻˡ
ǷİɣҸտ˵ˣõһ˿ϣڣҽǶҵĹšôͣˣǿɲ֪ŵŶ
Ҽܶˣˤһ֮˾û˵ҵġ
ܳɺ;ǽĵһλ󣬾ˣʵҲûɶرģҪǾǾԲҪһ¡
ϸ޴
ٴ߳ʱ֮ǰĲѼȥȴһڣſںš
׽̸ţܳɺͷڣڣܴһʱ䣬ô
ͬʱ汧Ů긾ŮҲǴ˿̧ͷĿƵؿ˹һʯСŮ
СŮԼĪ߰꣬һ˫β鶯غ;֣үүá
̧һֻ֣Ŷһ£üͷٲˡЦɣǸǳòҺܴ󷽴󵨵Ů
߳üСŮ֣СѾͷҪ֣ܳܳҲǾĵӴ
ܳҲǺغƤ
ǲŶ˵ݿǲء
СŮǳƣݰЦЦҪǾƽ׽ˡڣʵҽΪݡ
ǵͷ֪⣬ԼĲˣӡġ
˵߿ʼ΢ˣͲ֪ҼݣɲҲ΢Ůӣ˵ݷϣ̺Ҳ᲻̡
Ҽڴ
ԣ̾һ˵ݰְʵҲԸҪСппλڹ̶Ӧĵطġ
ѾˣĿǰеֻڳˣ̫Сˡ
ûӦеµеҪĥƳҲһһϦ飬ܵȵ𰡡
ݰһ㶣еɵס̫ţôأ
Ǿ˵ʵҲ˵е£ҲССпҪûе
еҪǲճƵģСӵĹǻСһһҪרƣҪѵĹ򲢲С
Լ£ǰݣڱȣʲôݣжߣ
ûе£Ϊ֮
ݰȻе㲻̫ģǿܳɣɲǵر򾰹ǵģ˵ˣһᣬرҽ
ڿﶼڴŴ£ΪŮܹٵ̺ۣͲһֱ档
ҽа취ôݰѾ㲻̫òˣԽ˾ǣֱܳɡ
ʵĶԻܳˣҲֻ΢΢̾һ˵ݰְ֣飬ԸҶܹ͸ͬܵġ
ȷʽҽѧСϷÿһҪ֤ܶ
Ǿ׼һ¶ʱ䣬ŵԿչеƵȵȣǾ͸ˡ
СĽʲȳ˸ӣСĹǱ仯ȳ˶̫࣬ʱȷûпõеõе˾зܹռ
ܳô˵ݰֵһϣ
ܳɿϵʧֻ˵·Ҫһһߣʲôһ͵ģһ͹ʵ
ҪרһСõеҲþ飬һһϦ֮¡
ܳɽʣڣǸʲô
ǰۣǷԹۣC2ͣǸӣ
ʵC2͵ķͶ̫¼ҽԺҽԺ̫ȥ˶ͯҽԺͯҽԺĹǿҲʹŰս׼ĥһ˼·ġ
ǽ˵ˣݰ֣ݵƬóҽҽҲǴƷǳоҽһ˲οͶһ
ݰæӦȥãȻɿسתߣ˫Ÿܳɡ
ܳɿóǺܰԼıŮΪʵڲʲô
ܳɽӹƬһով
ƽƬһĿܳɵʱ̲סԲһ
Ȼ۾ƫͷ򾰹ǽڣڣֲʵںǺͳ߹ǣ϶໥λ˰
ʲô໥λλ˳߹ǣ߹λǵλãңǷԵġ
ֹۣеҲСппλڹ̶
йǼĤãҲڵư
ͺΡ
ǽԣԵ˵ͷ˵ǱȽϺ¼ҽԺҲҶΣѪܺ񾭵ˡ
ҲмĶѡ

ǽô˵ʱܳɺȻԼСֵʱСݵļ⣬òѰСв֮ͬ
ܳ뵽һַǳεĿԣǾССʹɳڣʹüԱ䳤ԺǿԣڵŤתʵڣγһֹ״ƽ⡣
뵽ԣܳƫͷʣڣСѣû˴ţ
ʹɳ֢ʵ㴴˵ݡ
˵CTƽƬûպ˴˷ˣҪ˴ʲôã
ȷϹۣҪպ˴ţ˷ѣ˴ŻƽƬۿǣҪ֤ܳɵĲ²⣬ñк˴ŵĿ͹֤ݲС
ݰְԣҲ̫öֻ˵ҽҪ˴ŵĻյİҺֻϣãǮûϵġ
֧֡
˴ŲһĹʣոȫû⡣
ûҵǮкЧĵط
ܳɾ˵ʵҲǻǮ飬ֻһֲ²⣬ҲûãԸ𣿡
ܳû˵ԼĲ²⡣
ԸⰡҲˣ˴Ŷ弸û𺦣Ҳûз䣬CTˣûϵҽҪĻҿ԰ѰæǴ󷽵˵
ֻһֿԣҲǿԵġ
ܳԣֻ˵ħţƤһİְ֣ĸ
ֿܳ򾰹ǡ
üͷ塣
ݰְֵȷϣԼŮãΪһ˿ҲϣŹԼ˾ҽڣǵһ°Ҵ绰һ£΢˷һǵʱ䡣
Сȥ˴Źңһ˴š̶Լ˵
ǣ
˴ûз䣬һ˿ܹܵ࣬ǮʲôʧҲʧһζѡ
ݻСͬ꣬ꡭĿᶨ˵
Ǯá
ǼߺǾͺܳȥΰ칫ңٴ¡
ܳ˵ԼĲ²󣬾ɫһʣСıרҵʲô֮ǰ߮˵Ǵ˵İ
MB
ȫ෢ʹɳڣ˶ҽѧģʦؽڵģ˶ҽѧģͿˡ
ܳ˵ڣұѧ˵ģ˶ҽѧҲнӴ
˲䵹һΪȫůֹһ
֪οΪˡ
ݰ˵ĺܿ죬ĺܿ죬ԺкǿĹϵ˲ʮӣˣҵܳɺ;Ǻ
̵ĺ˴ƽƬ
Ȼ󿴵еļŤת۵Ķ϶˴ﵽһ΢ƽ๭״ɫӵؿܳһۡ
Ǹ̥ôҲܹƾ
ǼʣСܣ²룬ǲģֻǣֻ֪˴ֻǼѶȡ㻹ô
ܳɿݰְһֿۣ˿ǽڣ˵ڣ˵۵ķֲλô
ֲַλǵͫ΢΢
ðɣܹ֮ܳù۵ַλﵽ¶һֿԵۣѸӵĹֲۣиλ𽥴ﵽɹ̶ĲΡ
ܳɰԭŽԱߵݰֺ
ֻܳʣҪȥһҪַλԳһ£ɹĻΪǹ۵жãǿڴпܹﵽЧġ
ȻҲǸλʧܣȻҪдͳпλⲢӴѶȣӼѶȡ
ֻܳһֱȽϴ󵨵Ľ飬֮Ľ飬ȻԿһȣΪĿǰĹַλֻѦ޵½һ
ĺöû취ųȥе˷ѣǻѧԽԽãôõʽͨⲡΣʾָλʽĺô
ݰ㶣üͷ
һ޴ļ飬νҪԼıŮȥԵַλ᲻ˡ
Ǯԣܿ࣬пûõĻǻ粻
ھʱԼȴ˵ְ֣ȥҲ
СԼ˾ƽʱǳ󵨵˿˫Ŀͨ
ݰͬʱ
°̡±ͬѧЦ֮ǰȰ˵ԼҪӴһݣؿ޳
ڸĸĽʽܵҲкԼ뷨

ܳɺȻеΣݰ˾ûɶԼһմСѵĹ
˵ѹòƣݵİ軹ľġ
ǣǩֺСѾͱܳɺ;ʱȥңҵʱݽظԼİֵ𣬿Ůʧҵſڡ
ǵֽǯһĿ棬ŮҲĿᶨ˵һԼ뷨Ҫ𣿡
š˵ͷ
Ů˼һֱһӦ顭
ʱһһȥꡣ
֪˶ãĳһ̣ǾԼıݵ
ְ衣ƴƳʱٴθǴкĵıȽȥʱĶˡ
ֱ϶һµʯ࣬Ȼҵſڣ£ñӵľܳɶҲ߳
رһȥݣһȥʣڣŮ
ܳɹиλC͸ͼƬѾˣǿǵһθλģλŤת˹
ǵڶθλģǰһШιǿ鸴λȥ
ǵθλģͼƬǿԿϴﵽ˽ʸλȻжԶ˲룬ݻСԺɳʱ򣬿
УǼһźСĿ룬ʱ̶º󣬹۳󣬰γˡ
ҽΪݱαúܸӵ
Ӽæܳɺ;ǵлȻ󣺡ҽллһҪһ΢ţ
ܳеΪѡ
İɣԲŵģֻǺ棬ϵ˵ֿ
ǵǵļʶܳҲͰ΢Ÿ˹ȥ
ȻٴζԾǺܳɾϹл֮󣬾ͷȥˣû˵κķϻ
һȥǽ˵꣬Լһҹ˾ϰ壬Լ뷨Ҳҵ΢š
û͹񣬵ҳһٷŵú׵
СܣҷİɣüӵĲ˼ǲ߶ŵġ
ܳæ˵ڣû˼
ǵͷԱ۾΢еص˵СܣĹַλڹ̶̫˰
ֺöպϸλڹ̶ܹԲ˵̫ˡ
ܳԣЦЦһߣһ˵ǿҪԼķˣҲ֪ǶԵĻǴġ
ԣתͷܳһ䣺Сܣ֮ô󷽵ذСппλڹ̶ôųǲǾΪﱸģ
˳¿ʱס
ܳƫͷЦЦڣôĳﻮڻֻСҽһ
Ȼһǡ



ڶʮ ں
У˵Сппλڹ̶ʽе¿Ľ壬ֵ󣬼Ȧ
Ժܳһʱ䣬¶Ϊҵ۵ȵ㡣һ£ת˴ҵעȻȻ̸۹ַλеҪԡ
һȹ˹ַλƹͻأҵصʵƷ˵ţĿ˸
ܳһֱĬ̾һڣҲû취顣ӲΣǽ֮¡ЩСֶΡ
Сппλڹ̶еһֵסУַλռأַλνǹؼ֡
˳ưѹ۵ַλƳѧϰȳԽٷԭˮɡ
лܵսûбҪȥӲʵһսˡ
ֻһģܳɿɲ뾭һΡ

ĬĬذܳͳҵĸ¼󣬾΢̾һеϧܳûԵ֣ȻͲ˹˿ĵ绰
ʱ̻ᣬеѧμӡ
˿ʵ˲ͷֿﲡ˵ķΧ̫ԾϣصͷΣϰһ㴫
磬ĵʮ֣ƵһȺΣȫ˰״ӣʼǱǱʼǵǩֱʰڷŵ롣
Բʱ򣬿϶ҪҪ
˲ൽ룬˿ŸǷһϢ٣һλȻ󿪿ڵ쿪̻ᣬһһ£18Ʒ
˶Էԣұ뷢ԣ˵һԼᡣ
˿صһԼΪΨһһھǵĸߣӲǿ϶β
ڵȨ
˵һͨ󣬾ǵǺص˵ͷ
Ȼذһ̲뵽ʾĵϣȻ㿪һļУļоֻһ½ģܼªPPT
˵ҵʵܺãԺҪ˵
ǵɧò˲Щʴӡ
ɾΪڡʦǹǿƴΣɧҲֻܿ
˵Ȼ
ҿ18ƽٸƽһ˼·
⻰ʱò˴۾Ŀ㵿򾰹ǡ
ˣھô£סԺ쳤Σֱӿܴҽ
ǴܼңԼϲ˵ƶˣû˸
ھĹܴҽҲ±ƣеŵȭͷϻζҧסؽͣʦһֱԹѧϰ֮ǰҲ֪ô¡
дΪܴҽԼֹ֮ܵһƽв֪飬е󷢡
ǿסԺھ鷳Ͻڴϵ²ھ
úÿһƬӡٷһԼĿÿ˶ԼĽѧ˼·ˡ
֮ʣûԹѧϰĻᣬñƵĻ
ٿЩƬͷƤ顣
⣿
ⱾѶȼߵʽкü׼оһ£ֲܷܲһƪcaseģڡ
׼ûȫͱˣ
ڣǣô£˿ͬãȻУСŮڽΪ˽۹ΣûȷԵʽ
޲Ƭ㵹š
һƬƽһ·Ƶ˴Źٵ߱ԴƽƬCTʱǲؿ̨µ˳˼ʱķӦ
󣬾ǲ˵۵ƣλʽж֡
ΪıַλⱾǹǿҽӦյżܣԴ³ԵʣǽӴࡣ
ǲ辫ͨѧϰģ˷ƫơ
ҲСппλڹ̶Ļ֮һɸ¥ƽ𣬴ҲҪֻ߲㽨˵ػδˡ
һ΢һַλ֣ʲôַλ
渵δܳɵ֡
ǣͨ˾ǵ죬Ӧö֪µıΪܳɡ
ܳɣ֮䣬Ȼ˸ˣ

ܳɴԺʱĵ΢˼һ󣬻Ǿпŵȷ˾ǡ
һ·˼Ҳʹ˵оͰѦ޵½Ԫƽʦ
õĻظǣǮڸõģõģܳҲƴǣֻһоԺԺǮˣ⹤һ㡣
ܳԼһһСģһӳΪƫȺѽȻħμ⣬Ƥë
ܳɶԣȻһǰӲˡ
֪ʶ֣Ȼá
صķŸѦ޵½ֵ绰㱨ԼѾҵϢ
Ȼһ߿ϢԼ
Ѧ޵¹ЦСܣǣΣǲе㾫ʣ
Ѧ޵»аԿֵԣ
ܳûش𣺡ѦڣڵĻΪ̨һ̨
Ѧ޵Ц˲Ȼֹ;סɶ
СܣǿЦɣ
ſ˼̨
ռĽȻԼǾĲЦõˡ
Ѧڣλ鿪Цһ̶ͬѹӼѦ޵½ڵĶ־ǿ϶ġ
֪ˡѦ޵˲֣
εȨģĿ֮һΪܹɲԴԼȥѰң˷ʱ䡣
ڣǾȻֻٿܳһ̨һЩָ㣬ɣ⾰ǱŬС
Ѧڣˣΰŵģܳɼʺ˵ȥ
һȥ˻ɽһȥ
˵⣬Ѧ޵ٲҴʱˣУҽҪȥˡСܣʱʱ׼
áܳɵͷ
Ѧ޵½ܴӦҽԺ룬΢еܳɵ֮⣬Ҳ淴ӦˣѦ޵½ڵԺǿرִڶȨƵľˣǰĿϵǸλá
ǱҪ鴢
绰ܳҪȥͰԼȴؽӵ˺þûϵĲ̶ĵ绰
Ͻ£һ߸Ϣ˵
ͨʦ
ܳɣʲôʱ簡̶΢
ܳɶ󵽵绰һͷС۾ϷĶƹú
ʦʱ䣬һԼѡôҲӦ𣿡ܳЦʡ
ĴǵŵģѾ¡
µУʾΪһܣҲҪͨҪ֤ܻС̶ҧǳᶨ
һҪźʱ䰡
ܳɷһ־ǾͰаɣҶԣһʱճĲʦˡ
̶϶ΪԼ¶бߡ
ࣿǰɡ̶ɬ
̾عҶϵ绰ܳһĪ̶ǰ̬ãоƾСôڣ⸱ģ
ѵǣԼƳߣĴܴ
ܳɿʼ˼롣

Ҷϵ绰̶̧ͷ죬һݱ˼
С۾Ҵܡ
ҵˣܳɡ
ҵ⣺HK2ڹϸϮתƵûо
ָʦ̶ڡ
ίԱϯԪƽԺʿ
ίԱίԱγԺʿ
ίԱίԱѧԺʿ
ίԱίԱԺʿ
ίԱίԱԺʿ
飺ٽڡ
˭
ģ
ʲô
ʲô
Խ̶Խ˺ˣ

̧ͷ컨壬컨û֩еˮǽµĵȥߡ
٣ǿѧʿһҽʦһڣʿ/ʦ鲿߲˲ţѧƸڡƼƼ˲šͻרңܹԺרңٴصרƹǿƺ͹ؽѧƴͷˡ
ʡܽѧߡƸڣʡƼ˲ź͹ǿѧ˲ţʡͨУѧƴͷˣʡ׽조ƼߡϴѧҽȫȽߣȫλ֡ʡʮ˴
ĿǰǻҽѧǿƷֻḱίԱؽƷֻḱίԱʡҽѧؽѧ鳤˶ҽѧίԱḱίԱ
ͨѶJAMAN Engl J MedAnn Intern MedEur Heart JAnn Rheum DisBr J Sports MedNat CommunArthritis RheumatolInt J SurgJ Cachexia Sarcopenia MuscleEbioMedicineActa Biomaterȹ֪ڿϽշSCI150ƪIF 1500
飿
TM顣
ãѰ̶ૡ
̶ʱ߽񣬸һȡ
Ц˵˸ڣͿʼװˣ
̶ͷɶͶȥһȿ޻ҪѿЦݡ
ٸˮȺ˽ǿȣٷƵϹǰ
һɨ̶ǰǰ΢΢һ
Ϲ͡Ĳ̶ļ
вУ̶Ȼתͷ
ٸĬĬ˳ȥ˦̶һۣٴ˼
ܳ밲ԼȥԻʡ˶һԵӰԻůθԻóˬ
ǰ˵ܳͣմʼҽԺõǮ硣
һ߽⿪Χ׼
ܳŲ˵ˣ˵лɳһˣȥ磬ʦ⽻һҪ׼ʱμӡ
ͣΧĶһ̲ͣסЦյòЩܡ
Цʲôܳɺ̧ͷĿ˸
ЦЦǲȥ׼ʱμӴĻҪôǱ˰ѲʦƤҪôǲ̶ʦƤֻѡһ
ƺҲûѡ
ţҲûӣܳɽһЩ֪Ȥ¡
ܳ۾ɵţ
ԭˣ
ٽ飬ŵУ̶ָʦ˵ʲôʦսȺ壿
TMǸԩְ
ܳͬʱҲе̶ˣ˵ҿܻһʱ䡣
ţʡ£в
ɺ֪ǰҽԺĹǿƣһСʿһһԼʦֶŮỢ
ִܿ죬ϵĹ
ʦҶסôѹҲҪµ㶫źá
ʦ֪֮ܳʵ˵
̶Ǹһ͵Դƻ磬˽̸ٵܶô飬Լ˾
ܳУ̶һʦһӶ
Ƕס˴ѹǲš
£ʦѾˡҪְƵĻȷǻ㶫
ҲþûؼˣǰʱҲ˵пջȥһˡĵػء
Ϣͱˣڻûأݸܳɿġ
ܳɿŰֻȻЩذֻ˻ȥװɵ
ܳɿƲ˵ƣѲ˵˰ҲһЩܱ
Сппλڹ̶飬ڣ飬һСأǴȼɡ
ֻҪʱٳֺˡ
Ĵдʱָ򣬾Ȼȥˣ˷ϸڣҪԼ̫ˣ
Ǵ˹ʱʱ̶̿ţĻҲе߯˷ʱ䡣
δþӲˡ
ȻɫƲ֪Ҫʲôʱ
ҿɾͲ˰֪ܳɸõһʲƵľ޿ûϸʣ϶йء
ʵܳɿɲֹõһʰⶼѾǵıˣȻûеˣʵǴͷ
ʦ֣ǽʱһȥҿǰչԴʦü١ܳ
ԡܳɵͷʣʲô㣿
ħҽѧϰʱһءȻػء
ܳԿǣ˵һħ֮ӦֻкʱھԺҿܻҽԺͻɽҽԺܡ
ܳɱ㣬λըģ˻ɽš
¿⣿۾һգʡ
ܳнʵػѧϰһʱ䣬ͣʵ飬ٴ⡣
࣬ϴھμѵʱѣǺһ¡ܳɾ˵
û׷ˣһǼھԺչԴʦãһкܶණҪѧͲˡ
ʦ㵽ʱỻ𣿡
ֻҪĵطܳлʱ
Ȳ᲻ΥԼܳ˵
Ե΢еţԵ;Ѧ޵½Ǳߴ绰˵Ѿһ̨
߲ᣬ߲ѣѦ޵½ڵַλͼãٽսҲԤ֮֮¡
绰УѦ޵µ鼫ãǴװһȣȻ˿뿪عĻᣬࡣ
Ѧڻ绰㱨ˣĿգͣ档
ȻֻչԴһСѧӣȻɱ
ܳɰֻһգ֪СӺʤĺʱĲУѦҫ̨̣;ЩС
ǾǺʦƽʱһ˲Թ۵˶һϾҵ˱ƶ
ܳʵϲŮǰװƣΪŮǰװƵĶɵơװùģ
ܳѿڶأ಻á
ʲô֪ʶṹûôӡ
ûʲôܳɸϽ죬ܷˡ
ٲлصסķӣܳһͰ˰СʱҲûʱá
ϥߵ̫ˣС̧ȣʾ˶磬һ¡
ܳɼ״ûסѿڶϻ̧ȣ
⻰֪ۣܳڰ΢еá
ʵԭǣǰ̶һתĹ˵ģҲ̧ȣҲ̧ȣ𣿡
ܳʴǣڻͨ
ɲǾþɳģڰҽԺŵΣŵչԴΣһҺ˵ӣ
ܳɱ̧ͣʵޡ˶彡
պ죬ûϥеʹ
ϥʹƲԡܳѿڶȻָæ͡
ܺõ·ʽʵ΢õ粽ͱ˵ߣˡ
ճߣ඼ϥؽڣʵǶԹؽһ˵ġܳɺԲ˹
֪ʶ񣬹ȻǺ¡

֮ܳҲǴ˴ԼӣУôˣһ취ܸɵ
Ǿ̧˶˶ͬԲ˹ȥ
ص˼֮ܳԼ飬üͷһ塣
شίţȫǴƵĴУԼڳһǲƵĴ⣬ǲЩ̫׵ˣ
ǲóɼģҲ÷µģĿǰš
Ƕֽڵ˿ǵԼĻʵ鲿е˸Լһôһ⣬ǣֶһר˶ҵԣȻ㹻
ܳȴþ͵Լ׼ˣ
ôõһᣬܹԼӵеЩ֪ʶųĻᣬܳǲŹġ
Ҹʱ䣬úõ̶ʦһˡ
뵽̶ܳɾͲԾơ
ʦѾȥѧҲ֪ȥߵĻǸöãԼ˵þܹлȥǸȦӡ
ֻ֮ǰħ֮ƾͼʧ
ͻȻȥѧǰ̲ôʦ
һ£Ƶļ£ܳɲò֣һ£ܳɻǸƴһ绰
Ҷϵ绰󣬲֪ڵһʦڵؼҽԺ߿
ܳ˵˴飬ЦЦûػ
Ҳͨ˵绰󣬲ãȥѧһĿģΪֲԼĵһźĸ׻ħʵвТ
Żʱ䣬ҪԼĸһ߱⻪Ĵúɽ߲ˣȥ
ҲΪԭϲӦʡ
ТΪȡ
ܳҲûյˣֻƵĺ֪˲ɣб𴦿Ѱ̽һˣ滻

ʱѾһ32Ȩһ죬ֹ˰ʱ䡣
ˣҲ벢Զ
ϳôԼͳ⼸죬ȥ
˲Ƥ̫Լڰǰҿˣ
ҽԺҽԺĶ½ǴƵģǹؽƵģҪͶͶ״ȥ費ҪȸؽƵĽڣҲĴʦк
һ룬ˣԼƽཻ
ܳɾ˵绰ԼȻ˵ܳħƵ£û뵽绰ҲӦˡ
ͬʱ߮ĵ绰߮ȥɳУΪǸͷʲô飬߮û˵
ѶʵֻݵĽ׶ΣȻԼʱ滮밲š
գ귿ʹѦ޵½ڡ
Ѧ޵ھǽڸѹ£ǳ˸ɾ˵ܳɲزָ飬ܰſ񡣻˵ΪԵʣĽĹ۲˲Ҫúõѡһ²Դ
ܳʲôΪȤĲҪοĻԴΪѰҡ
ëסԺĻظųʤѧϰʽǽչܳɼ˴˾Ҳһ䡣
ë磬ʵڲϰʱ򣬿Զڼˣݽϣѧϰõ״̬ʱ䣬ȥһŮ°ʲôġ
ëŮ飬ǲëһֵʱ򽲵ġ
֪ܴ̼ܳëһǱڶŮܴ̼ģܳ³¹ʣԾͲóˡ
Ϊܴ̼ëģһŮ񣬸˰ʾƸ˻飬ûҪΪӳѧϰƻļͥ
һҪõģһҪʵġ
ë룬ǲοܳɵĽ飬ʤǸܳԱ߻죬ŵڵĹԾ֮ϡ
ֻܳɲѦ޵£ûʦҪѧ˲ָ㣬·Լȥ̽Ȼǿˡ

ºᾹȻܳɸȵԷĵطŵԣ¼һЩ
ܳºҲǳòذѵԹϡ
ܳЦЦ˵ᣬ㶼㣬ҪŬ˭
ɨܳһۣĬĬҡͷЦһʵҲ㣬츳ġ˵ܽ˶ʿʦһѡ
ҵʦҲһССסԺҽʦ
ܳ濴᣺϶ڿЦ
һ߰ȴ˵ûЦұƵʱǰŮ֮ҷ֣Ϊҳɼáȴˡ
һ꣬Ŭѧϰǿ˳ߡ
ܳɣTMⲻǷоûôƣ
̣ҡͷҺʦ˵ҵ񣬺ǰһ˵Ļ֮ģǲҴӸԵ̳ġ
ôصȽܳɿ߮˵ᵱҲصȽġ
˵صȽֲֹһصȽֲͬ߮Ϲ˵;ͦţˡǲһġ
ðɣ£ܳɻûȥӴҲûô˽⡣
ܳǲǫ飬ɫʣǺܸߵġ
츳ʵͲһģ츳ģʣȴˡָָĳֹ߱ʸȡ
ʲãôߺģܳҲһ˿˿İ֮ġ
̾һʵܶ˶飬ҲûܣҲǸ߰
Ůɼãòһ·ˣӰܴ󣬵һѧϰܴӸϸı䡣
ʦ˵ʱһˣһСкǿնϣ־ϣӵ񡣵ҾãΪؼˣûһ¾ûˡ
ʵߺ͵ܹģǰǣݻԼ򷿵ʱ䣬Լ֧ʱľҲûô㣬ǳＯƿҲûôʱ䡣
ʦ˵ҵǸСк񣬾ͰҸϣһϣҾô˵ˡǣ˶ʿ󣬲ûʦʧҲЩ԰˼ˡ
Ҳǲ̫ףѹΪƧ
һвȥҲŮ˰֮ǰھʱҵ绰ࡣ
ʵ̫ϲǾʹˣദûԣŴһе㷳
ҪҼħ򷿡򳵣ⲻôᷭ˷ۡ
飬ܳûôȤͲ׷ˡ󣬰Ƥ˽һߣһߴ󷽷˵ǸǸˡ
Ҫ·΢е¡᲻ͬ罻ǿ˺ܶࡣ
ɸ磬ᡣƺ졣
ܳɾ˵ãҲյ˰ɣһˣǻǵһμ档
Ƕħ죬ѡˡס
ܳŰѲ˵óһħʽ棬ñֵ̫
죬৵ػˣ˵ɸħֵǷ꣬ˣȫ㣬ϣܹעᶺΪƵСƵء
ħɧζôŨ
ܳɾ˵Ůˡ
Լ˿ͱܳɽסЦЦȭͷҲ涺ӥʺҡȭ
Ѳ˵ݸ˳Ĭᣬضذͨúܱ׼
ƴûдGɣҼǵúǸܳɲɫ
̶ܳɱȭǿƵıζɸĹ
Ƥôף˵ôû˵ʵпͷζ񣡡ܳЦʡ
ۿģһͱѹסˣǻ˵á
ϱͣܳɵ˼
͸ˡᣬ˵Բԣ
̧ͷ˿ܳɺͬһ޹ԹߣҡҡͷҲ֪˵ʲôɸ磬ҵˣɡ
Ӹͦġ
̧ܳͷֵؿһۣƣҲеʵ˰
΢ӣ죬װûɸ磬ʦ˵ҿԺ׽׽Ҫ㰡
ܳƲ죺ھʱ򣬶ӵѽ
˲˵ݸԱ
͵ɸھʱ򣬿Ҳͦġ
ðɣ֪ҲʵǸصͦ˾Ự࣬ܳɾͲʣϴκ߮罻Ǹ⣬ɶ뷨
ұ߮ģɳȥˡ
⣬̽˶䣬ϸ
ĥ˵ſһۡ
һ
ܳɻһ֣˵£ͷ飬ҪĻٵһ
˶ˣӲұ죬Ƥôˣ
ҷ⣬⻹ͦ󡣡
ǣڲ׵ĹУֿɲοײ࣬ԾԵĽ׶Ρ
ҪֱӲ뵽̺ۺƤ壬©Ҫ۹滮Ļ̫ˣ۵нۡ˵ţĿƳ
Ȼ˵ı飬ʵ˵ûںʲôѧ⡣
һȴġ
Сɡ
˵⣬Ȼֿܳɣ˵ȥˣܳɸ˵ɡ
ܳһסԼں


ڶʮһ ʦ
ǿҽͨ󣬻Żع鵽֮ϡ
Цˣܳɸ磬ϴ۵⣬㻹뷨ûУ
ʦ̽һµģ֪ʱ϶æôţæ֮ġ
뵽ͬ棬Ҫ·Ļ֪ҪʲôʱȥûԼ⡣
ܳ룬ܳпա
˵˼άһڿ˸ܣܳԼĿڽУʱ䲻ȫ֧䣬ԼģȻá
ܳȿһۣȻǸƤҲСˣһиõ˵ûܹڻͨ
˵˵ʲôҲ˸šɸ磬˵ɣҾͲһˡ
Ǽ롣ܳɻزһ䡣
ǲ˲ԼȻ֮ѷˡ˵һҲܱᡣ
ܳƫͷᣬʱǲҪĿ֮ڣеҰڲ֮ϡ
֮ԽԭڹߵʹãùߣȻͨһ̶ϵĸȻ˳ӦȻ׵ķʽ
˵ֻתλ޲ۣﵽƽ̺۵˼·вͨΪβٴٽһ׹أ
̧ͷҿ˿оԼһֱѹסĸо
üͷƣʲôߣ
ܳĿǰļܴܸߣ֪ʶϵͳĴҲʵӵڶȼܵȻ֪ɾͨϵƣ֮ϣҪ¶壬඼ǶѧƣǿѧƵĽ
Сппλڹ̶Ϊܹʵʩ
Ϊеĸûе֮ǰҪѣֻضĹۣʺϡ
޷һ󣬾͵ýùˣҲܳͺߺһֵĵط
רĿ͹ҲΪˡ
ߡͨķߣҲݷߣרڼķߡ˼һ£ؽ뼡ؽ޲֮
ϡ
ܳɽ٩٩̸ȱؽڹ̶ĸ۵޲ֲؽڷϹ̶
˶ҽѧһŶϵͳҲԽ
ǸҪĲ֣ǷߣϷʽҲǱȽҪҪܹﵽҲиǾҪúôˡ
ˣԿⱾͲǳⲻǲѧƵʵķߣߣ
߲ڼϰ̫󣬼ԺǿԳܵסиͨ߷ϼĻдİ̺֯
Ƥİ̺г֮ݷߣѶҲС
еġܳĵ˵
ҵʱԸָһ£ȳһ¶飬ߣǲǿеġ
Ը⣿ܳء
ʵ£Ȩã൱ǻɽҽԺĶɽҽԺȻæ
ʱЧӦУЧӦߺͽڵŶЧӦҽԺЧӦۺ£ķߣҪѡ
ǻڻɽҽԺ߳ȥģһҪ٣ɲô׵ǡ
˵ĺݡ
ҵֶĿܳɨ
㲻֪Ȼҵİɣ
᲻ɵܴ
֮ǰ۵ʱܳĵӡ
⣬ܳ˽İ취͹ߣⲻǸԼĿ
Ҳ߮磬֪߮ûʵ⣬ʡ
дܸУԼ׷ѰоĶȫڱ˵ƺͰ֮£ԼֻǸˣǻʲô˼
ܳɲ÷񣺡ҲŰɣ
֮ǰ˵£ҲȥôϼƵģһ˼·ҲѣƳôһ
˵ڵ㣬δҲ̫ˡ
Ҫʵ֣бȽҪһһ֣޲ֵУǲȤġ
һֲص֡
˼ܳɣ˵ģ
˺õĿ⣬װ׸ֲ˴ߵġ
ַߣƵ뷨ȥ꣬ʱҺѣǻһ׼ģĳѾˡ
ܳƵغš
ʱʵһʲô£Ҫеĺ¶ռдͷܽѣǺõġ
ַ߾㵽ʱԵ֪ˣҲǰ͸¶Ȼ㲻ԸȥһԵĻҲûʲô
ϸ˼һܳɵĻ©
ߵƣһһϦ飬ܳıʱԼĿⷽ򶼻ûôܣ
ȥ׷ܳɵĿⷽǲò飬֮ܳ˵ԼĿ⣬Ϊܳɾǽˣ߮ҲǣǶڿչԣһ档
˷ۣҰҿúܡ
ܳɶû˼һ֮󣬲̾һ˵ֺöҪʶһµġ
ɸ㷽˵һ£ߣģ
ܳɵһЦָָԼֱۣ˵ǼĤ
ǼĤȼƻǸΪάṹǼĤ޲ʵǰ۵ĹӰ켫ֻԾڴˡ
ҲͲˡ
ǡ֮䣬йǼĤڹĹУ඼ûܹȫǰϵǣǼĤһˣǾˡ
ϸ̽Ͳ̽ܳɵıģˡ
ǼĤ뼡ⶼάṹǼĤȣάһԣ˴ͨʹãҲǺ
ЦЦǶлɸ硣
ȻɫһɸģǵĿû֮ǰǾԲйܰġ
˵꣬Ҫúÿʼĥ滮ˣ˵һֹߣ԰ǰѹصĻôߵľĸˡ

ԣĽ˵Ӯ䣬á
ǼĤĹߣӦõ˼֯䣬һֽݾֻ˵κá
ֻŵͷԶȥˣ뼵ʣĽĻ
ܳɽų˷ۣʣѵûǹƵĿ˼·ʵ©𣿡
ͬʱ̧ͷܳɡ
ͼ޲ؽܳʡ
ȡ弡ΪϤؽƣԼϤƵԥؾ˵
ֲԷֳǣѵͼ⣬Ͳ𣿡
ṹûлԣĻҲǿеģдСۿȫУǺƵô
Щ⣬ǲģЩϸ˰
ɵȱ
ܳɼȫû˼ʵ⣬ʣʲ
⻹ôƷд㵡
ֲֲȥȫԹǣṩ֧ŵģʵṩһΣȹϸȥģ
ؽƣ漰ݲ٣һЩʹڹؽûĹУе󣬾ûˡ
ûⷽȻǹؽƵģһֱɴǡܳɼͶι
û취ֻܳˡ
Ŀһɹؽûʹ账Ӱ컼ߵжȹܰ
ؽûѾǷǳʽˣȥϸڣ
㲻һ٣Ҳпǵ˼·ı׶ˡ
ܳɾͱ粵пλڹ̶ٰʮ꣬Ѿˡ
۵ַλ˼ǧꡣ
Ϊ׷߸õĿ飬ǹǿֵ˶ҽѧ
Ǿǰ˼άڼȶЩʽôٽоظ𣿡
ܳЩ÷ʶˡ
Ȼ˼һ󣬿üͷ
˳ܻص˶ʦߺ͵ļУһˮͽˮģ࣬Ǹ⡣
ǰ˰ݷõĵ绰ֱſڡ
ߺһӣھ˶ʿҽѧרҵѾȥˣ˼ʦʦĸڡ
ŵǺߺֳͣվһ׿⣬š
ߺͿŶüͷһ壬΢һɨݣչɣȥ鷿ʦĸڿӡ
߽ʦĸһк
ʦĸǺؿһۣСడ滹ˮԼȡ鷿ļӵڶҲһЩʳҰһ֮󣬸Ūҹ
ʦĸǸӾԡ
ҲϲֻϿϲֵȾĸоῴҲ͹Թźߺͽ鷿ԼʦҴſʱʦĸ͸Ӳˡ
ʦҶˡ
鷿̵̼ذܳĹݣ˵һ飬ȥܳɵĿⲿ֡
ߺһ°ͶԼĽ취
ǽ˱˵Ȧף˴򹤰ߺסͷ˵
ôãƾܳСӣи˸ַˣҵᡣ
촽źߺͣ㶣ͣʦ˵飬˼⣬ǸߵĹϵ󰡡
ܳҲû˵Ҫ˼Ҳǿ˽˳ɹ
ߺüͷһ֣˽˸ƨס˲ӣûַߣǸô죿ͱ˸ǯסˣò
ߺںָ棬˵ܳ˰ɣ黹ǱȽġ
ȻᱻǯƣɶǹԼģҲǡֻؼĲ֣סҲԲ·ָָ˽ݾ
֪ʵ𣿡
Ʊӣڻݼˡ
ߺһ
ûռ壡
أߺ˵
üͷһ֪λشˡ
ר˵רʵµҩƷµеµһʵпԳؼֵ
ΪʲôԽΪεĶΪоƬЩԱƿסΪרǿתΪʵڵġ
һʽֻΪһģš
ѧ۵
գգۣﰵ˵ѧѵôҪʲô
ɻ󣬺ߺ̾һҰӽǶ̫С˰ܳСӣ˭ô鿴ô׼
סֶˣȻ󻹰ôųȥˣͼС
ڽ׶εᣬôһҲǸٵĵ̻ˣҪ˶̥ͬܳô¾ͻң
аɣأЩʲôߺǶԴϤġ
֪ǺһȥԵķħΨȥμСѵģ츳ߺͶҲΪʶҪĻѶ̫
ȥ֮̽ǰͽ˵顣
˵һ⡣ƫͣţȻߺ͡
ߺһ˵㿴˼Ҿ֪һʵĳҰƽ̨İ
Ҳܳ˵ġŲһ䡣
ߺɫһĬĬر졣
кûҲоֺ֣֮ͱ߽ϣǿ϶û취ȵģȻĿ⣬ʵܳסݵǸߡ
ģֶΪ֮أҪоǾͲǵѧˣר˭û˵
ʽԸ⽻׵ĻǾǵѧˡ
ᱻַ
ļûר
ô˵ģߺͼʡ
ǣְܳɺ˵̸һ顣
ߺͶʱĿɿڴתһȦ˵˽죬죬ȥúõʺһ
ǶͬˣһѣӦ໥ѯʶԷĽ
᲻⣬ǺߺͽˣǼ
󣬺ߺҲû˵᲻ǣһ滮˵ؼֱˣǱϵĶܹ׬һģ
ȣҲȵİֱεݣһֲҪģȻг
гԲҽѧչͽԭ
ͬʱĳһʵĳһ칫
ĳˣĻϲظԼʦԼĿ˼·ʦʱʼüɫ
òȻأ
㵽οģûнĲ֣
Ȼ󣬾ûȻ˰ܳ˵ȥǾ͡
ĳ˱ʹŰԹе˵ؾͱϳ˰칫ңһί
ʦֺأԣʦ˵ʲôˣ㲻ַʲôȽϸ߷ֵˣʦ˰ɣ
ĿԹʦ֣ұʦˡ

һеΣʦֿƺЩ֣ոʦЦİ£㻹ܱ
ȥʦʲôɣᡣ
Ӻ
ʦͷ˳
double happy
ʦ֣
Ҳˣʲô֪Ҳ޹˴ͷеʹ
ʦܲá
мƽϣ˶ʦֽ͡
ȻϽˣTMҪʦַӦˣҲԼ£ǸǺã

ʵҴ¥֮Խ侲
ܽԼǣܳɰѸõĶϷˣԼֻ˸ףȻͻԼʦ
ʦҵ˼⣬ܹĳ̶ȣܳɷֹģǹƽġ
ҲԼû˵ùס

Լиıģûıԣš΢΢ҡҡͷ
ϻô벻ԭ
ֻǣʵԭ֮ٻعͷܳɵΪԼˣĿǰҡȫû߳ҡĿҲҡͱӶѡ
Ϊʳֻһ̡
װ׵ģеԣ
ͷ
ޡ
뵽ҰοҾû˼


ڶʮ Ҿǹ
ϣܳɺ¶˻ĵЦݣˣǷֱǴҴȥдҪƵġ
ܳԼ´ټֱӴ򳵣ʧ˳ˮС
ܳվ·ߣЦЦ˿죬ħҹһֱƻѤ
ٵͷ·Ϊɾżͷܳɲûеͷȥ񣬶ѡ񲻹ⲻˣ˳żҲиߵͲƽ·棬һξ롣
Ȼ˵վ
ϸ˼һȦܳɻصԼķȻ󣬲ͨԼϵʦԪƽԺʿĵ绰
ʦ
Ԫƽ˿ƺæǱ߻Сܰ棬ʲô£
û£ʦǴ绰ʺһ£æܳɷǳԾҶ˵绰
æʹæʲô
ȻСʱ󣬹ٴδ绰
Сܣʲôڿ˵ˣҵһںȲ衣ԪƽЦǺǵ˵֪֮ܳǰ϶ֹˡ
ܳɾ͵ʦҿͳȥⷽǲе㲻̫ʣ
ȻܳԼĹ滮ǻҪʹԪƽʲô̬ȡ
Ԫƽɫһ޲һΪʲôأǣҲˡ
һ㶼Сппλڹ̶ӰСģʦܳɼ˵ЩҪԡ
졢תλ޲ϵĿ⣬ÿһС⡣
ܳ˶ƺжصҹԪƽĺҲ΢һʮ룬ԪƽֻЦЦ
ûϵСܣҪסôһ㡣
Լ˵飬ýԼԤϷΧڣҷһкԼܹеԸеĻôͿɷȥ
ҽԺʦֻһƽ̨ҪΪƽ̨ʲô
ҽԺҲһšƽ̨ܳôôѡȻȻشǩ⣬͹ˡ
Сܣ㲻Ҫʲôѹңʵʱ㻹Իʦ棬ĺܶʦǣǶ㶼ڴͺġԪƽƽ˵
ȻѾ˹Ԫƽܳʣʦң
֣͸ͣ治ֵĻôûҪôϻˡ
СܰҪСЩϼһȻеˣԲͿ
ҲãγҲãʱʱ򣬶Թͨġ
ܳɺȻڴϣʦô
ԪƽһЦСܰҪеʦǵô
˵⣬Ԫƽһˣһˣѧƫ
ԽõʲôʧȥʲôۣҸǲͬģһԼǻۺ֪ҲͲøԤ
ʵڣҲ£֪һ뷨ҲøһЩ¡
꣬ʵγ緢һѧίȥ;˸Ҹûˣˣû̫ӴҲʦ֮һͷŵǷһ顣
ΣҴյ£ʵΪԭ򡣡
ң϶㣬ҲǲءҪƺƽˣľټԼ濴ϵıʱԸ̫ǿңӣȻǲóѵġ
֪츳Ҳ㵱ѧ֮һ˵ളһĥһЩ
ܳһ㶡
ϲҪˣѵ⻹ҿ
ǣԼģ棬ƽں˵ճɾֲͣܳÿڴ
Ԫƽ˵ҶڵǲҷȴҲȫͬġΣԼºҲûعʦƽ̨£ûƽ̨£ȫһġ
£ʦкιϵܳеȻ
ԪƽγǴУԼ˼άҲ˽ѧ˼·ôֳ˹ϵ
ǻ˶ԣҾĵĸޣûйǰ޷ĳġ
ĸڣ·ĸʣֻʣ;˼Ҹ˲棬ġ
ҵںڣǰûиС½ź͹滮Լ£ڵ룬޶ˣһǰܹ֮С
һϣܹҵԼҸҽѧ·̣һ֧㣬ܸȥȻҲǿ󡣡
ҵһ˼ǣΣһҡڵһ澳˼ˣҲ˿ȥҲ̫Ҹ档
㣬ڸˡԪƽ˵ɫƽȣһϾ
ЩܳɸжȴҲǡôûر𴥶㺡
ܳԺ˵ллʦܸЩ
һЩ̫ףڵ׸ʦϵأ
չϵ˵ǰҵѧİһֶθԼҪôദȥʵʵѧ
ȷǰҾ֮˰һ㣬ܳɿǲȫ档
ԪƽƬ̺صҲ޴ӻ㡣ദˡ
һҪһĺӣеҪڼģеĺǱ߳ȥģأҲ֧
еĺӣһ㣬ԵøһЩؾɳȥ洳ʱ
ҹͼ֮£֪򲢲СҲ²ܺ½ǬйأͲ֪˵Щʲô
ǣû֮߳ǰֵܼڧ⣬óʱֵܡʦš岮֮ĸ飬ֿһЩ
ԣҲ²⣬ĹϵദһЩ
ԪƽĻ٣ܳһʱ䣬ûȫ׺
ǣ΢һܳ˼ĻȻ
ܸ˵һ仰Ҫ߶׽վ÷϶࿴ᡣ
ôϱһͥģѹԪƽһͥĵĻôϾ͸岮油ϵ
ֻܳ
Ԫƽ˵һúܺãӲΣǽ֮£ԻƻľǺ顣СܣڱҪʱ̣˽
ڹΣѸԼĵ̺ϵϣȡɣЩȻҪֶǸеġ
ߣڷߵ棬ԼЩ࣬һЩҵ˼𣿡
ԪƽԼѾ˵ùֱˣС࿴ˣϾһᰡСܡ
ܳȻܹ׹Ԫƽ˼Ծֱˣʦʶ
Ԫƽܳɺþ֮ǰĲŬ󷨣òЩơ
ν棬ָҿҲ˼
ʶóҲܲµóڵ˼ֻãԼ΢ĩлСӲֱԼѡǰɣ
ôΪֵʱ˼ûĴأ
ôã˻ħĪ˶һҶĿ
֪ˣδؾĶ㲻⡣
ܳ˼⣬̽Եʣʦǲǻûǰһ𣿡
⣬Ҹܺ˵
ҸܺȥѹȻܴ󡣸ĸԼ֧ѾˣûҪƾǵ︺һֱִڴˣһִǺã
滻ƷֻΨĶˣѡ񣬲滻
ϣܿ
㲻ߣ֪ˣңڲǻʦôʦ
飬ҲÿԵ֣ˮɣòҲżԪƽ˵
£ǿ󲻵ãǿǴӡ
ܳɻᣬʮ࣬ȼҲûϵͻС
ллʦܳ˻ء
ļ̬ȣ֪ܳϤǶԼ϶ᷴУֻһʲôᣬʱܳܳܵסġ
ĿǰĻ˲٣Ҳ±˻ǰ̡
ǹԪƽһأܳһֱδڣԻۣɽƺԪƽأҲܴԼǺͿõһˡ
ܳɵԶ
ҾǹԪƽ˵һ䣬Ҷ˵绰
ܳԣһ㶡
źݺݵһ
Ԫƽ⻰ʲô˼
Ҿǹ
ң۵Ĳǹڣڹ⣿
кҪسɣкҪ߳ųȥ
ܳ˼

ܳɻȥ֮󣬰Ϣ
ʦ֣ȥˣ䣬ûѽʡ
ȥѡûܳɹʡ
ոպ͹ͨʱеã֮ǰԼϢûأԼʱ㣬ڿشûʽ׼°ࡣ
ҲûϢææ⣬⼱Ȳˡ
ûأһˣȣϧûܾȹ
Уһ̨ûȹĲˡȻһ̾ı飬˵
ܳɵǰɳеʱĲ˶ȥϴѧҽԺǰҽԺнӴ
ھҽԺǳ̬
ICUңһãһĵطվʱ
һԵôת˻⣬ʡ
õѽ

Ѯ
ں֪ܳҪɳУæʵҴҸ͡
ͬʱܳɵˣгʤͶ㡣
ܳɵĽûȫϣȻ࣬ڣܳǰҲҰڿʽˣֻһȴȻԸĲ
ܳɣף˳Ҳûٽܳʦܡ
΢ʾ⣬˵Ⱥĺ档
֮ܳͷл
߮粢δ߮綯󣬾ܳǰɳС
ȨҲûֻ֣˵ʱȥ˾
ںܳɸ磬´ҪħʱҪҴ绰æеͷתˡ
һʦܣȻæ
ǰϢҹʵˡ
ܳйڶںһʵľͷ˵ںæġ
ûʲôҪʵɣ
챾ĥ˼·ݣһ⡣ϲŷϢңʱָ⣬Ȼܳȥһۡ
ںЩź
ͬʱҲ΢е㸴ӣǰܳǿ˹࣬ҵĴȴߵǰͷ
Թݣǿлȥ˶ʿĶ棬ܳҲʵ
ܳҲֵá
˵꣬ܳף˳ʤȥؼҽԺһ˳תͷ˻һӰʧҰ
˵𣬳ʤ䡢ں붡㶼ͬ꼶ˣɻ֮Ҳôˣӡ
ԼûཻԻȥˡ
Ժһˣͬѧ֮ͬ䣬ƫԶӴܶࡣ

ǻڣʣǸŮӣʦô
ţǶֽڵŮж㡣ܳɿ˰һۣ΢һ䡣
£ʶǿƵĽӢۣ˵ʵǿĿһƺǳ˶־Ƶġ
ȥǻˡܳɿڶ־İ֮ǰȴеˡԼѻİҲеЦ
˵ĵǻƶͬһչ˾ָ֮£ܳɺܿͻ
˺ϸİ죬µĺλ¡
ܳɵݹһƿȪˮȻʣʦ֣ҵºʹ£ٴ⻹ǻԿⰡ
ֵ˸ܳ׼ıҵ£ڿڻܣܳɲδκйܡ
רҵ˶ʿ磬ѡԿ⣬ҲѡٴԿ⣬ѧ˶ʿֻлԿ⣬ҵ
ԵĿ⣬רҵ⣬Ŀǰݲܳɸп
ʵϲרҵ͵Ŀȥҵ磬ǣ֪ͨʱ̫ˣʱ䣬ʵռôݡ
ƳټµĻߵСппλڹ̶ͿˣΪ⣬ٺò
ͷ˵ҵ뷢µͶ壬вͬһǻԿٴ⣬Ҫһƪרҵڵʦ׼𣿡
ܳɶ˶ʿо̲̫˰бһƪ
ܳʱȥ磬ǿʵģ뵽̶ϵͳѧϰʱ䶼ûС
׼ˡ£Ƕڸġܳüͷһ
̶ĻޣϾҵδл˵Լˡ޹Ƿôһ飬Ҳе㲻̫׵ġ
߮Ǹٴ⣬ҲСˡ
һڴʱ򣬴ϯίǣ׻᲻ῴģһ˵ֻǸû˻ȥҲ
Ļ֮ǰĳﻮǿɾͰˡ
£д˾ͺãҪߣоСЦҲûʲô
ܳɸпţѡ
ôŬˣܳҲͲǰɶˡ
ʱ
ӵ˵绰һģЦŽӹ
ţЦ𽥽Ӳ۾ϴŨŨֻ֮ɫ
һرϲϲ󱯵˫Ŀʼؿת
磬ȥһ°Ұǵʲô
ȥҼ˵ģ
΢е㼱
Сߣҿɲʣĸ֮ý֮ԣ˾˺;϶ԼĿǺ˼ȥʰɡһ
һҪԼʲô̬ȡ
ҿ϶ӦǸˣҪһ˵һϴּ䡣
ܳ˰˵Ļ绰˵Щɶ
֣ȴܳɵüͷһ壬ⲻȨô
úȨӦţȥ˰
ǣ
ܳɫ޲ȴԸ
ʱѾȥʮӣѾ˼Ʊʱ򣬶ɫ̫ãЩ࣬еŭȴЩӡ
ܳɿ˿ʱ䣬˵ǻˣû°ɣ
ƫͷܳһۣػ˵ûʦ֡İɣú׼磬ǾͲԷˡ
ܾԼĳԷ֮¡
ܳɴŲ²⵽ʲô


ڶʮ ũɽȪе
һ˷ɻΪ֮ǰǰֻϰֵܳм䡣
˻ûʱȥ࣬ܳѾŽ˻ڵϣûˡ
ı࣬ܳɱ㿪ʣʦã鲻̫ã
û¡תͷͶݸܳһЦݡ
ܳɱûʣܿ죬ߵһλֵҲǵˡ֮ƳܳɼۣȻܳɣߵĹϵ
󿪿ڵǶҪǻλãߵλãϲ㡣
ܳûתʣͬ𣿡
˭̧ͷ˿Լɧ˿̹ˣ˧ꡣ
Ǹ΢΢Ǹͼװϲȥˡ
ܳʣǲÿγУڨ˶ࣿ
ó鲻ãܳ뿪һ˵ģҲͲǿ
أҲУҲÿζС
ʦ֣һ˻⣬ƺû˼ܳȥԸ
밲Ӵʱġ
϶£ʵܳɿͨģ֪ˣÿ˶ԼļҪæĻھˡ
ܳҲǲ²⵽ʲô漰˰ƫ˽⣬ᣬҲÿʡ
ǣȻʰܳѰ˼ţȵɳ֮ļλҲһѡ
֮ǰ磬΢űܶ˶Ҫȥ
ˣȻܳɺͰҲرʶӣҲûûȤٶʡѰ˼˷ɻܲҸġ

Сʱ˷ɻһ·ţɳеĻT2T1ǹڵT2¡
ſڣƽŲȥҪϵʽʱ򣬲ס˰ڣҪϵʽɾͿŰӭ˼߸ݵꡣ
Сߣߡ
Ȼ߽ɨһܳɣʶģٿԵꡣ
ʰλǣ
ҡͷʶ
ⳡ棬ʱ壬һЦӭ˼ǣֻһǶôߣ
簲ϾЦ˵ˣֵܣ찡ҪҪȥ
æˡ
ֱǶ簲ǣ簲½緽
˼ܳɺȿкҽã
һ·鷳չСˡ
ܳæ˵ûûУͶ˳·ѡ
綼ˣȻȥɣһҪȥݻһ²̶ʦ̫ܲ˳·
üͷʣҽһ߰ɣ˳·ģһŵ顣
ûа֮ǰӵĵ绰ܳɿͬˡ
ڣ϶кܶ໰Ҫ뼸˵Լý϶Ҫʡ
ܳɾЦžܾû£Լ߾ˣҲ㡣λ磬ллǵĺ˰
ܳҲΪѣֱһ⳵һţ˸ʻȥ
û˵֮ǰ϶ҪͲ̶ģ̶һ
ʦ϶ŵùǺ
˻Ƿǳؿܳɵĳ⳵뿪֮󣬲תߡ
˰ӣԼ˵ǸϽƷ˵Ͻһҽ
ƫͷ磬ôѽôͻȻؾôһ£үүʲô
ҡͷϰǰ壬ְݷ⹫ʲôǶ֪
ã绰ʶˡ
ǼȥǰķݡǹùõĶӣ˽аүү⹫
ֻһ٣ɶҲûĸнϰ̽˼ġ½Լĸ첲ƾǱ
ˣϾҪݴ绰
סˣСߣҪǿ⹫˼岻ֵģ֪Ƕ˽ˡ
ٶǿʣҲòһȵظ
ȥ⹫ȥңʰ
룬;˵ȥүүɡүү˵Լ顣
û꣬˾˳
ڳϣ밲½˷ǳ֧˺ܶ˵һ鲻԰ȥȻ˽ȥϰ̸ȵȡ
Щ飬ãǵԸ棬ĻǶֻС
һ·ֱĳԽ滹һͣƺͣƺƺѾͣӡ
״ķһɲ
תͷСߣ廹ж˶ڣҪҪȻرһ£һ·ͷ
Ҳе㺦£󲮹ȥдģԼϰҲڣҪʲôѽ
ϸ룬һأվҪԵģ͵͵ȸԼĸ׷˸Ϣ
Ϣŷȥ¥ƿ˴Ũü۵վ˴ڣЦ˵С߻˰ɣϿүү߶üˡ
һ𣺡ǼϽ
ǺͰ½һƿ˳ţЦغͰѴк
֣֣˶ǰѵĶӣƤЦ
ûˣֻǿŰ³ǺͰ½ԼַܵҲû취
ֹԼǼģڼĵλԶϲСˡ
ѳͣˣֵܾͼ¥ȥ֮󣬿ûȥǵһλá
үӿ˵ֺǺһЦȻ˿ܣûλˣԼȥСʰɡ
Сߣ˵Һ֣˽ƽϹϰȷǴųġ
ǵüͷݺһ壬ҿ
үӶ˵ˣ
üһ࣬˵үүҲͬ⡣
ӦҵģҵԼİЩͷ
үӵͷǣ˵
ҲȻСˣһֱѰ˼ţиߣһЩҲ໥и֡
Ҳ˼֮ǰ˺üˣ㶼ûۡ
أ
дһ£үүʵСء
ֲ飬ǾСӣʵ㲻ҲʶԾͼƽţǴһүЦЦ˵
ͷʱҡ˹ƵģҲϲ
ʱǵҲˣ˱ԵǻȴżĴս
үү֣ҵ飬Լпǵģܲܣ˵㻰ҵʱ䣿
˵ǸҼֵһ㣬ƤЦûΡҲ˵ãǵȷ̫ʡ˵
Ŷʮ壬Ҳ֪үүԼϰ֣ڼʲô磬粻ҲôǸòһǵİ
⻰үӵɫ࣬˰밲ϣСǼİС˵
üûа֣ҾǸСĲ
ҲͷҲǻáҲû̫ؽӴ
Ǹϴ֣һ׼ȴүӼΪ֮ˣС߰һ±ȽϽҲ׼δؾɲܿ¿ˣֻ氡
Ҳƽϣ಻ǰҸӦġ
СԼʲô뷨
ʱеԼʵȨǺ˽⣬ȨԵΣԼϰֿ϶Լơ
⻰û
˵׷ңҲϲһֱûôᡣϲǲϲ
ԼϲˡվǾԼӦð˵ס
⻰
ʱðүŭôģСԼϲˣǻｲʲô
СйӴ˵ˣϲ
ȥ࣬ҲȥһǸܳɣǲҪپǼСˣôİ
ԣҲΪصã֣ȥš
ɫȴԼıŮ
Ϊ˿̣Ȼ̧ͷ㵣Ŀ͡
ãȻ֮ɫ˵ĲȨ
ૣ˵󣬻еŤ
밲½±Уɷȴܿ췴ӦôˣĿ㵵ؿүӺϰԼ⼸Ա
ֻǸСߵ̹׾ְ˭ôӰ
ѵȨͿôүӹЦһЦ°ϵһСɽ
أ඼ŪˣСҲ̬ˣҲͲҪˡҶԷ
壬ʱ𣿡
ǰϣÿա
ϵͷԼ͸Ů˵еġ
ҲӦԼòǱ̹׾֣ҲǺܿʰ飬ҲͶ˹֣ȥ
ʣǸܳɣദôʱ䣬ûռʲô˰ɣ
ҡͷʣ裬ôҲǰ˵һ
Ҫ˵˭ĵ绰Ҳ˵˰署ܳħĹϵΪܡһˡһ硣
ʣϰ
֪ҲǰŵġԼġ
˵ʲô
ʲôû˵ϣԺһЩ߿ƲƷʱܹչˡʡĴҵݷãҲûܾ
Ҳû񡣡
Ǵ˵⡣
ţ£ֻǽźͳﻮ
ϰҲһܳɣ˵ֶܳӣһҲˡŮ˿үӡ
ʱе㲻֪

ܳɴȥ̶·ϡ
ӵԾȨĵ绰绰ȨƤЦؿųܳɸ磬Ұȥˡϲ𣿡
ܳԣһ͡
ԭΪ£֮ǰ˵ʱܳɾͲ²⵽һ
Ȩ֮ǰ׷󵽣иƨ󵽡
Ȩܳɺ˵Цţôܳɸ磬ϲô
˵ɶܳ΢΢һ㶡
Ŷǿܻûʼûɶ͵ź½ɡ
ٺ٣Ұȥ˵ˡȨֺǺǵص
ܳŵֻȥȻ¼ƫ䣺Ȩӣ㵱ֵܣҵӻʲô
֪ܳҾȨҪʸĻô͵һȨˡ
Ȩ̷߷߲ƽܳɸ磬ϵбҪ⸱ô
ͰǹϵͲôһͣRˡ
˵ħʱмһ𣿡
ôԲ˳ģ˼ŮӺôҪְǼſǰɣ
ҿദѽ㲻ϲȨʡ
ܳһ䣺˵˻ôɧ
аɣŵԣŽǣֲû֮ǰҲ㽲֪ɶã԰ɣ
ҾҰˣҲԣһֶӣϵҰɣ
ֲǴǽ飬ֻǰѹϵȷ㲻Ը˵ͷ·ġ
Ҹ˾ãΪʺϵġ
ȻҪãҪ֮̽ĹϵΣ
ܳɸ磬ù治࣬˺ʵģҪ硣治ϲһ仰һǿҰֶ¡
ҲɡҾֻǸ߻߻ϳɣӦģɶ㶮ĹȨɧζһղס
ǰһ
ܳϸ˼һ󣬶ҪûȫҪ﷢չؾͣҲһӰġ
Ҳ˵ϲֻǰļԺģ⡢ʵȸ棬һ谭
һܹʮŮӣԼĿĺŮӣܳϲģڣģˡ
ܳɸ磬̸ֻѣûҪôɣȨЦЦ˵
ܳﰵ˵ֻǸʵȴģҪӵöడ
ʵģ໥Ӱ죬ھͰѹϵȷ£Ժһģôɧ
ǣĿǰҲѾˡ
ţаɡǾɣһȥһ²ʦһº⣬ҿ³ˡܳһ£ת˻⡣
£ãҲе¡һΪȽϿء
Ͳ棬ڲ֪ҰֵǸ˭׵£ʲôѡ񰡣ȨִȤ
衢һúҲͦʣҳָ˧͸Һأ
ܳɾ˵ѡ㣿ȻһС
ǾԲѡġ
Ըţ㣬Լûô
ܳɻǵãǰȨǼ⣬ǲʲôûУͲ䱻Ůϲ
Ȩŭܳɸ磬ЦЦ㲻
պ򾣬˼ҵзˡҲԱ
˵ˣҪ³ˣ´㳶¡ܳɾҶ˵绰ȨĻظڵ绰š
˳ܳɾ˾Ƶ꣬ȥСĲ̶ңΣ·
ÿţܳɾٴοǸʮϤС۾˿̵Ĳ̶һװ
æܳʣСܣã쿴װ׺ϲʣ
Ͼһ˶ʿоǰѧǹ࣬Ϊָʦ磬ҲǴϻΣͷһκͲǹˡ
ܳɷȥ̶뿪ɳеʱһЩǶڣϵҲ΢һЩʧȥΣǱȽѵġ
̶ĸӲߣƽﴩŴ磬΢Щޱ߷
촩װǾ䣬˿װ
Ҿòʦôǰ˧ܶࡣܳʵвһ䣬ʵ̫ÿ

̶̾һ̾ҲֻˡϿϤһĴӡ
ҶΪżҷPPTģ㶼ϸĶ˰ɣ
£ʲôһȺǰʵûν
ܳڴУһʲô©ҪսȺ壿
ˣʦİɡҰˡܳʵ
ڴ緶ΧڣֻһоУҪͨ
̶ͺãϸĶҪʮϤаҪ뵵ġɲܳ¨ӡ
ٹһ顭
һСʱ󣬲̶ܳһ鷿߳ʦ׼ˮȥſھ˸š
ʦĸܳɴк
ǶˣŮɫ粻
̶ƫͷƤ鴤ССӲǸƲˣĵϤ̶ȣҸ뾫룬Ҷˡ
Ҳˡ̶⣬ҲûɶָˣоУҲֻС
һߵĴŶӵĻϼεĴŶӣǾԼģδؿ϶ƱģκһˣʸܹĴͣıº
Ҳ֪־ôģộ
Ҿ˵ˣСȻ㣬صǣԼϹĥ
СܣɳϿӡʦĸ룬һ߰Ѳˮ˹ȥɳǰĲ輸ϡ
̶֪˳˳ˮܳ벻˸ϵ
һ˵صȮ졣
ã
̶ܳɵͷ
ɳԣܳɲΪʽضԲ̶˵ʦΣ΢ɳжһʱ䣬ߴѧλ֮ٻħȥ
ţá
Ҳ£ҰСһ׷ӴˣҲʰ˳סȥˡ
֮ǰȥˣǶϾţһɣ̶ܳܳɣɲ֮ǰܳɡ
磬ǶǶֹⰲŵģȻĻܳɻδؿϻ
̶ʱܳɾȻ˵زǲ̶ȫû󵽵ġʲôεĴ磬ֻԹϯ
ܳ˵˵磬ʡٶǮء
ɳصľƵ꣬Ҳǲˣͦõģллʦ
̶֪ܳϾ⣬϶ȥˣҲʦΪѧıĸˡ
šԵˮ
ŶˣԹæͿˡ̶ʡ
ܳһţ͹ܳɴˡ
ûܳҲʵشħʱǷ㣬ǸϷɻΪأغٳԵģҲǵ˲̶żǰˡ
ȥ

ʮ࣬ӽʮһʱ
ܳɴӲ̶סĵط˳̶Լʦĸ͵С¥£ʦĸԹ԰ǣ粻˵Ƶ껹δмס
̶ֻЦ̫æѹ̫ˡ
û£ʦʦĸǾȻȥɣʱҲˣϢܳɻء
̶źһתܳҲߵò̫Զ
ܳпٸظٹɡ컹һЩϸҪĥһ¡
Ϣǣʦ֣ҰԷ
ţæԼ飬Ѿʦ˵绰һʦ֣ܿظ˿̵ѾǶԼĴϣ͸Ƶġ
֪Լ֮ǰȥϢ׺ʻǲʣԥãŷȥ
ڵ飬ﶼ֪ˣܳߣûȫҲû׹˭أ
ѵҪֱӹһô
Ӧûо֡ϾǴĴ£ίʦǳԷǲþܵġ
죬ʱôҴĵص㷢ˣ𣿡
ţҰҲڡܳǰ˵
粢С£ܺڼΪ࣬Ҳϣܹ֤һȽʱ㣬ý壬˵ǸϹʱҲü
áһ֡
ˣʦ֣֪ȨʵǡϢ༭һ룬ͷˣܳᣬҲֱӽ͡
ȨӶ绰ҽˣҲ֮˵ģʱҪȥʦһ飬û˵
£ǰáܳ̾һҲΪΡ
ʵĹ滮£ҪһʱģһеԵ֣ʵõİš
ͨոյ죬ܳɿó밲ݣЩƫˡ
֮ǰôȻճڸ˵ͻ㱨Լʲô飬ȻƽֱذźҪʲô
ܳǰҲûҲ֪ʲô
ƺеû֮ǰôŵÿֽš
ϢڿɿطΧڣǱܷܳҲܹĹ
ţҴãʹˡ
ʱħˣһҪ鷳Щ
£Ҫ·ҲǾˡ
İǳϸ緢ʵиоΪԼĸĸΪԼô£Լôᣬ֮ǰ߮ף֣
ģ棬᲻Լһݺͼˣʵߣ
ǰİûôĸд죬ż֪鲻е㵣һ㡣
仰ûܳܳɾãܳҪһ𣬾ΪһʲôãҲԼ㽡
ǲеЦѽܳϵݣһҲǾеЦ
£ҲǷȨ顣
е㣬ʦ֣ˣ˯ˣҲϢ϶кܶҪﱸ飬ɴⲻá
尢֮ҪҪȥѽֲʹؼһ䡣
ܳɻ˵ֱӽְɣʦܸоеֵֹġ
һȥӣڽ̩£ֱӵͺˡ
ӦһҲͻȥˣԼžͺˡȲȥ˰ɡܳɾãһӽչô죬̫á
ȻȻ㣬ȨԣֲŽ顣
Ŀǰľ濴Ϲ˵ĻӦǰĸĸҲǲԣĬĴڵġ
ã˯ˡûʦˣҲ򲻳֣ܳҲо΢е֡
ҵƵˡ
ܳɻظ꣬ϴ˸衣
ģϣһģᶼûõ˷Ҳ˷ѣǾسһģⷽģȥˡ
Ȼǽѧ򣬲ѧĿ󣬲ѧԼʦ̶
ܳм뷨һһȥʵ֡
һεģһܳ׼ȥϴĲӶһ٣ϸݺ󣬱Ź
գ
̶ʦ⣿

գϣʮ
ܳɸպȻͽӵһ΢ŵһϢ
һȥܲȥźһȦúʡҿ㡣ǰġ
õİܳɹܲķװҲǸƷӶࡣ
¥Ϳſڣͣһ
ҡ£һŮкܳһڴ㵵ĿУ˳һĽʺ޵񣬳ˡ
ȥź·ϣܳʣ㿪⳵ǲе̫ˣ
ģڼңĳã쿪ģҪҪãȥ尢̣ʡ
ǲˣͦõģҲתһ˳顣ҰҪǿҿôĳָôЩʲôأܳҡͷܾ

һȦǺ
ȥʱ򣬻֧Ǯͣѡ
ܳʱ˸ʻŷ磬Ҳеۡ
Ȱͻȥܳʡ
á뵽ܳڵĵطǾƵ꣬е㲻̫ѺáʱҪϴġ
Ȼڣ͵Ұɡ˵
Լ϶ûܳôѸ٣Ůӳţ㲻ױҲôá
ܲʱʹܳɽİŲر࣬Ҫϵʱ򣬻ǰȥһ¹ϣϹƵһԸ
ֻһܳɵĸĸ⣬͵нˡ
ҲǺ飬ܳɵȻ˶ʿ磬ǹǲʿϰ壬ϰ壬ӣǲܵġ
ϵˣմﵽѾ˰˽ˡ

ܳҪ׼ȥվʱȴ˵绰˵ҺСֱ͵㵽ĵطǷλûˣҲѵһǡ
ϰ֣ǽǻƱأܳЩж
ѽҵǴ£ﶼҪоˣںǸƱǮô£˺úÿ飬ҺҸסЦǺ˵
ܳЦЦҸǶסĵطˣҪȥʦԷˣȳԷǴĶǺܶ
죬ʹһ׻ϴ·ҺȥµģɳǴط϶׺ÿġ
磬ɲ㶪ġΪԺ˵
ܳɱôӶ˲˵ģǾǼţҲܶõϯλ棬͵棬Ҫʱǵİš
Ҫ
վҽԺͷȶҪģ㲻Ҫ˿·ҪģҲþöû·ˡѶλ
üûˣ㶼ˡֻδܳɵô㵽ҵģ֪
ԼڼʲôûܳʱǶģܹ쵽˶ʿѧпȻ̫΢
ϣܳԿҲãʲôҲãעԼ壬Īݵ̫׾ͺãҴܳ׼Ϳʱ䡣
ãٿӦû΢˶ܳЦŻأҲǺ˲١
ܺԹȥסĵطܺ˵ԼҪȥ·ȥˣҲ֪ܳȥҪӴģԺʿ
Ǵ£ܳͬܳҲƽԼҪȥӹϣˣҲͺܺ򽻴ʹ򳵻Ӷԡ
ܺӦʣʧ˾ƵſڣվȥˣʵҲûô󷽣ֱӴ򳵣ǮǮģֻǴˡ
ܳɿŶȥıӰ˷ܣҲǻЦ
ƶǻǡ


ڶʮ 翪ʼ
ܳ˼һȦûȥҪ͵ô磬̶ǿԲˡ
Ҫǲ̶ң͹ʱ䣬⻹ǲ̫
̶Լĳܳɡ
ܳʱС۾˵Сܣ׽ںͶǶ˵ֻȥӹϣŽӴˡ
ϻǰġ㻹û㿪ȥɡϣϰŵס޾Ƶ꣬Τ˹
ãܳҲûƴǣҲпǹҪҪҰһ³̫磬̶ڣйоء
Ǻ͹ʦҴʦԼȥ𣿻ǣϳէЩϸõʱ˲̶˵İš
̶ֳһ˵аţǻǿԺʿԼǰʹ˽ҷһϢɡ
ϲԸҾͰԤȡ̶ǳ˵
ҪǣǰܳɣǲöԤ˼ʦͽҪҪ˽һ£˭˵塣

ܳɿ˻ͣǴ˵绰ܵܺ˵Ѿ·Ѿȥˡ
ôãҲȥʲôرõĵطܳҲ⣬϶⣬ؼƽϡ
ǰԪƽϢֱӵ˻T2վ¥ĳվڵţϲ»ʮӺ󣬸ܳɾĳվڣܳŲ
ٵв༸ӣܳɾͿ˹ϴ˳ЦݣͷϵƺǳһЩ
ʦܳæӭȥӹ˹ϵӼ
ϾһҲʽ䣺ô٣ô
ãһʱᶬӾʡ¶ȣȾҪůһЩԪƽЦŻأȻһָܳķ
ʦûů¿˿յ᲻̫ϰߡȥϢľƵЪϢһ°ɡܳзУһƶ
Ԫƽ͵Ⱥú·ɣȻײˡ

ŷҲ˸ʻܳűǸ˵ʦһˣ֮ǰҲûǵڵ鷳ˡ
ܳȥΪѧȥģû룬;ֶôһ磬ǸԪƽ鷳
ûʲôѾˣ㲻õġֻһ˶ѣ˵ʡ֮أһûпգҲлᣬһҲδɡԪƽνȻҳؿ˳⡣
ƺЩӡ
ܳɾͲϣȥˣǰɤ΢һᣬʽʣʦãҴݣ㹻𣿡
εĴ磬벻ķӦֻܳ£ԼĻۺ͵̲㣬ʱ֦ڡ
Ԫƽԣתͷ֪ʲô
ܳҡͷһʦⲻǵһδһ鷳ôʦȷǺܽŰ
ܳдһ˶ʿо磬һ뱾ԺĽϯȻؼҽԺһЩΣδίԱ
ֱ֣Խôеģͺܲ
úøɣƪ㹻ˡԪƽĳЦЦ˵
仰˺ܶ˼档
ܳһ߿˻߼ܣһ˵ʦҷˣ
ΪǵһδѧÿѧĴݣĶһƪ壬ӦרΣݲر
ڴԣ㹻㷢ӵŶ
ҲǵӴȻҷڱҵĴĸҳ濴ʦҰԪƽ˵úο
ܳɾ͵ʦƪǵһη֮ûܾĻظŷʦ
ʦӦǾû⣬ңʦʦʡ֮ʱ֪Я֮
δᣬͶұֻϣҪʦǶҵĺ⡣ܳ͡
ԪƽûƪϸûӦ֪Լ뷨Ҫʡ⣬һ֣һ̶
֪ͼǺ¡ôܻ
СܣѲ΢Żһ㣬ҪżڻᣬҪܾԼ͸ƵģҲҪѧԪƽָ˵
ܳתͷ̽ʣʦָ½ʦ
Ԫƽҡͷָ߮磬С
Ǳƴˡ
Ҳ
߶ıѡÿ˵ļһûҪűѧЩʲôӵһԴ֮󣬾ҪѧúͰѿԼԴ
㲻ôηηβƽաҪ֪ڵĹңǷǳֿ֧СһġԪƽĿ䣬ӣܳɲ²͸ʲô
áܳصͷ
밲߳˵һʱʱ򣬰ĹϵȷǿãǣĹϵȥܶķա

ʦˣ֤Ұɣȥסܳһţһ˵ȻѺͬʱ˿
ԪƽûϸϹƽϣһѧʦأʵ֮ܳ£Ƕء
ǰԤһ·˳ʱ䣬˿ͷм¥㣬ҰԱߵӿ۵ס
һ׼䣬ź֮ܳɾæ裬һչ˶ֻȲˮ׼ú˲ڻ
¶ȣҲһЩͬʱѴ򿪣̫
ʦɳزڸΪȻûʲôǲ̶ͱ˵ģ仹ƿę́
Աʱ֮裬ܳԼ˰ŹϳԷĻõ
Ԫƽһڣ۾һ裬Ǻܲʲô裿
𾮡֡
ܳڻһ䣬ʣʦôҪھƵԵ㶫
Ԫƽ֣ã֮ǰ͸׽ڽˣкȥС͹ݡ˵αҪôų
ʱ䣬ܹɣԪƽʡ
ܳ˵أΪ˼ϣĸýͬȥһЩȥ档
ܵģʦǵȻҴȥСطζܲͲ֪ܲܳԵϰߡ
ʡߵķˣ˵Ǻ֡ԡ޴֡Ǻ
ȲдΰţʡҪô;ȥħԴԪƽְѻع鵽ϡ
̯ܳ̿ӿɲСҶǲСĿ⣬һĸǿֻ̫̫࣬ܳ̿ˡ
һһɣʱа취ġʵһã۵ˣң˦ƹǵģʦĸ
ܳʵҲЩƨ˼
ܳɺ͹Ԫƽûϵ˭ôõĴǱ˺ϲҲܳôʱ䡣
Ҫ̿⣬Լ顣
Ժ𣬵ҹܳ𣿲ûУڵĻɽҽԺȻͷɣھԺҲǰγĹϵѡ
ʵǺʵġ
ȥħһˣôûЩ컬ˣ֪²̫ˣԪƽװܳɵͷ
ܳҲû㣬ֻЦµȷǲ̫׵ġ
ʼʱǿ¼䡢ɽڵˣԼΪȤӣɺ֮󣬱Ѷ
ܳ侲ˣúõ˼һ⣬Ǿǣ֮£ʵǱصȼ۽˭˺öͻƤӭͷϣ׷׹
Ҷ֪ű£ǳԱ˵ʣʦǴУȥûԸֺá
磬ʵ
ܳɴδԼС˵һ㣬һķţ׷ǰͶЧ֮£Լ飬پǶ٣ŬС
۵̽׶Σǲ׵ģ˿ɹ۵ĳɼ֮ǾͲһˡʱֻԼͻ룬㶼ҪרŻѺܶʱ
ʱڵ㰡Ҳ̫Զˡ㻹ǷǳġԪƽֿοܳһ䡣
ܳڶǴĽ׶ΣȻмԵڣվֻԵϵĶûرʵԵĶ
ܳɰЩۺúٳȥǾȫһˡ

ʦͽ˱߽߱ǽǵһСʱҲ˼յܳɾԼٲȥʦԷƺȲˮ͹Ϻȱˡ
ǾʹŹֱԺȥҹƻٺůɽԷҲǱһζ
Ŀζر꣬Ҳûйĺƫ嵭һЩ
գȴ꣺ʡĲ˻ģζ̫ؿˣߣʳ
ܳɾϿ˺ͣλȻߵʼߡ
Ԫƽ˵ʱ򣬼ǵЩҪ̫ż˶ǹڴƵĴãǶʱúܣҪŰеĶ׳
һ˴磬㻹ҪһЩڵĴ磬Ҫֶ㲻Ҫˡ
⣬У϶ܶ⣬ԺʿԺʿǣ϶һЩ⡣
ҲҪţܴٴ٣ʦʦܽһ仰ʵܺãֻ𲻱磬ģǻҵԪƽЦš
ǺλƤϰˡ
ллʦܳɶٲԪƽ΢΢һ
ߣǶʮСʱ˽𡭡ԪƽͰѻ˱𴦡

صסҲǲ̶ķϾϴ綨ͣ·
Ȼʧصܳɸ磬TM·ӣһʵģ̫ˡ
ܳĶϾ򣬰ο˵Ͼû취ʦ߾һˣֻһȥΪ׼ˡ
ʱżܣ͸úվˣڻشĻһεĴ磬ǼʼʽҲϣûʲô顣
˵⣬ܳңҲ磬ôŸ
ϾƫͷϸһܳɣTMҪô˧ҲŰܲôǰ
Ͼ˵꣬С˵Ҳʿ㶨ˣ꣬ʦֵһѧ˶ʿϴѧԴҪһʦܡ
ԺһŵĴʦˡ
ܳɺܸȤŶʦܣʶ𣿡
ʶʦ˵˵ʦǲʦҪȥѧսˡϾ˷ۡ
ܳɵ̹Ź
֪ͨһ硣ܳһת
ʲôȻ˵̶ǰɡҲ˶ʿ಻ף⣿
ȻѾ˵ģʦܰ˼άҲе֣֪ôݣֻ棬˵˼ɣҲû˼
ҪȨ绹ھͺˣǿ϶ĵһȥϾΪź˵
Ȩȣ˼άѳ̶ȶ·ˣ
ʦ˸ʲôѧ
ȥˣ԰ɣ컹һϣʱ㿪ʼ㡣Ҷ֪˵ɶˣСʱĴʱ䡣ܳɸпߡ
ϾͶܳɿĽı飺ʦ֣͡
㻹Ҹɡܳ}ûţҪǰϾܳɸ綼ϰˣȻ任ʦֱ֣Ťġ
Ͼ滰ص˷䣬ܳɺܿ˸Ƶ
ܹȻû˯ھƵ￴ӡ
һЩ˷ܵ˵ſʼŶҺǰסȥ˻Ǿסأ
ǾסҴ˹ҪģҲŸסʦķӣûĿշˡ
㻹ǾסԱܳɻء
һС䣬˲ܳɲϣࡣ
ÿÿҾһϡЦǺǵ˵Ժ
Ȼʹ˹ˣòôȹŶҾ̫ÿ
ǽѧʿȹӣûüʶġܻ
ܳЦЦҪһģǽ˶ʿǸôҴװӦÿԽȥҴĵطһС͵Ļңλϯܶġ
ӦòܶࡣǾһλǰþˡ
ϰ裬ңǲܺһԷĪҪҺöԡ
ɫһԷʱǳԣǴ飬ٺٺ١
ӣֻЦ㲮˾ǣҸĹУ¼񣬸Ƿȥ
أҺĪNɪĪӇNɪġ
򲻷ޣһ£Ҫģ˰ǧǮȻòЦ̣Ǯõ
ͷ
ܳ붼룬϶һ⣬Ƭ̺˵Ī¼߻¼񣬵ʱ򷢸ǣ¼¼Ķ
˵ϣܺҪǣ£˽¼ʽ¼ƣǲһģ˽¼һĸڲԸ˵ַ˽Ȩ˶Ҫ顣
Ǵ¼ģԲ˾ԶĬϻϾʲһңУ϶һЩۣЩ⣬ǲ⴫ġ
ܺ򣬿϶ղȡ
ܺЩʧ˵ͷǵģЩ¼Ǿˣҵʱատ
ԡܳûܵˡ
ǰǱֳģⲻ㣬ǲ㣬
ǣģ棬϶һıʣʺ⴫⴫֮Ӱ̫ˡ
촩ôӣҺ׼·ģǸԱ˵ҪԣҪ£ǶƵģˡ
Ҳû㽲ʡ
ȥŶܳĿһ
һ¥ʲôطˣǱȽϸߵװ۸Ҳù󣬱һ׵ġܸоеź
ҴôӶÿ㿴Ҵ˯²ҲͦϾôܳ˵Ҳеж
Ǯʲôʱ򣬽Ǯϸ
·Լȴ
ԶԶԡ
Сʱ֮ܳɲ˵ԼҪ˯ˣȻֱܾˣҶ֮ǰͶ࣬Ҫģ㲻˯ˡ
СֻܰΪƽ˵Ļ࣬⻰ɲҽ
һֱˣһ¾ǣڲҽˣҲɶģҲǼõġ
֮ǰͷһϢܳɵʱûأڸ˻ظ
ظܳɱϣ̫һˣҲһЩ˯š
ԸҪô˯侲ҲǺѵ顣
֪˯µģ࣬ܳɾˡ
ȻϴˢϾû𴲵ļ󣬵ܳɵ׼ͳˣðԼġPPTȥֳһ飬Ļá
ȻϴѧҽԺ϶˻ԣԼеϣڱϣǾ
Ȼкܶ᳡İţӣӡġӡλƣ׼ˮ裬ȵȣҪܵ
Щ£ͬģ̶£ôˣԼպãô죿
Ȩû
ҲܳɲԸǳԷԭ֮һϣǶ˯һ
ܳɸ¥ʹ绰ˡ
ܳɣ׼һЩӦûʱ׼ȥɣ顣
˰ɣҿ˲ʦĳʱҪȥӹʦȻҲᰲ˹ӣҾûԹȥΪáܳɻظ
ûʦ֣вϰߣƺԼðĵġ
ǸԳȥɣ϶кܶܶء
лл
һЦ

ĵطһСͻңһԲεԲľˮһ£Ƚϸɾ
ҶҲˣܳǾͰԼĲҶŵһԣԼ׼ĲҶ̫Σβ
һԵıӣ͵ˡ
Ķкܶ࣬ܳ׼øϸɫǩֱʣ뻮һĻ¼ʼǱPPTķҳӫʡתͷ
һͶӰǣͶӰǻˣԱá
ЩһЩС
ӡϴѧlogĴӣ滹װһЩСƷܳһһʣЩʲô
СϴѧlogĶλʦȥ󣬲ŻżǲգЩܰڣܿ
۸񲻹󣬵ǿĵȴ͡Ǽ
˵
ðɣϸܳɾãԼŮǲЩ
һܳǷ˼
ʲôܳʡ
ҲǼƷȻ֮ϴװɲᣬÿʦרᣬҲһּõļƷ˵ûǴؼңװᣬżʱ򣬾ܹ뵽顣
Ժһõ飬ԼţҲΪġĴίţԺʿֻᣬҲԷŹġ
˵꣬е㲻˼ҵģЩʦԱģһףǻԵġ
Ŷˣ߻мֱ֧ʡȴͨλʦȥ֮󣬾һһΪ񣬸ǼĹȥ
Ҫûˣ
ǿ϶Ͳ˰϶ġ
ЩǮҵʱ򲹸㡣
ЦЦûػܳɿ˿֪Щ۸񲻷ƣԶŰ
ڶɶɶôصĶɲ̹Ȼܡ
аɣҸҵĴһ֧İٵٶŷ
ʵҲܶࡣء
Ҳ㡣ܳԼôǮڲת
᲻̫ˣŷǺüǧRMBˡ
룬ãҲ󡣵Ȼ̫˵ĻʵһǵһЩ£дһţѱͶ
ҲǺܲģڴѧˡѧǰ͸ֱʣһԵǡ
һӵ׶ӪЩʲô
ǣʵЩҲбҪġ
׼һȦൽŵ룬ٴȷ˹̡ϵȶܹڶܳɲ˵˰Ҫȥӹʦˡ
ʦͶϾһʱˣ鷳ҷϢҪǴ绰
˵ͷ

ʱơ
ܳǲʮһ룬ԪƽһϴѧҽԺ³֮󣬿ûܳߣӭˣ׽Գ棬뼸λԺ쵼ǿƵڡ
мλݵϽڣˡ
У϶һϽڣǸ𾴣ִԴģһȥ˱𴦡
󣬶ֵܳĳԣ˵СܣҪţеĴίˡ
ѾְСȥ˻᳡Ǳ߰æԼȥҸطԷȻͲ̶Ԥһ£ʱ䣬΢еǰǰһʮ
λʦҪϷɻȥûǰĻƱ̫ʱˡ
ܳɾЦŵͷõģллʦ
ඡʦˡ
Цҡͷܳɻ˻֣׻˵ȥҵطͣʵҲͣĵطͣȥСA229ҵͣλ
ҽԺͣλеҡ

ܳɾͻûҵͣλٶƣֱӱŶֵͣλȥȻ̶һС͹档
˶ˣ˶ϾܳɺͲ̶û˼ԷٰѴĥ飬̶Ȼûҵʲô©ĵط
ٿ˿ϾȫʲôҲֻǰ̾
ԴƶѴˣǴŶӵĻô϶кܶʦ֣ͬţܶ
ϾԺҪΪʦ֣ʦܣǿҪǺã
ңλͽҲǣֻ˵绰˻·ϣ綼쿪ʼˣҲ֪ʲô
̶Ҳеۡ

ʱţһʮ
ܳɿܺҵԼλĵǵԱߣ࿴˰ۣܻ˵˼ȻЦǺǵؿܳɡ
̶˿ҲûԼָʦλվڴڣ濴֪Щʲô
ϾڵǼܣʺϵλá
߮磬һЩܳɸʶģֵѧŶӣǸ¼Ҫæ¼£Ȼнһ⡣
Լе©Ȼܳɴɺ
߮ʱ򣬿ΪʵΪԱߣվһλŮؿȥƤеڣȨףӲߣЦ
߮ƻšģҲǺؿ̨ϣȻĿܳɺͰƳܳΪ֣ʶԼġ
һ˽̶һ󣬰Ѳ̶ǿаָʦλ
һλ
ٽţ٣Ϊ飬űʼǱ˽кһҽԺܳͬѧĴֳǱδ飬εĴϯǡ
ȻǴһһҹƻӭλеĵ
Ԫƽ׵壬γΣȻмλ߻ӣƵش룬Լλϡ
ǵɫ죬˹Ԫƽγ⣬˶ƺǲЦӡ
º󣬶һӣ˵⻰
׽ڣ⻹ǵһϣǶһ˿Ȼǳ˵Ժʿ
Ϊᣬ߸׳׳Ժʿ˱ȣҪһء
ٸϽЦŽˣЩСӣֻܻ㲻
ûҽѧϵͳԺʿ˵΢һأɲҵôߵ
ԺСܣΪŶŸпͨһԺʿ
ǸдѧԺʿ
ʦСǻ˧ģʵҲǺǿŶ
ϣʦԺЯһǵЩѧҲѧĿص
ϴѧдѧ֮䣬ŽǿҲˡ
һЦݵǶۣʱһûĳ滰ֻ˵һʱˣСܣ㿪ʼĴɡ
ٻһա
֮ǰЦڡѧˣɫһ壬·˭ǷǧƵģɫʼ
棬ֱӰܳɰڵЩģһǣ·ǿСһĿƵؿܳɣܳɣ˲ٵѹ
ܳһPPTҳŹԪƽĽ˵ܸ˸λʦôʦ֡ͬѧʦܣܹĴ᳡
ҽ켴ĴĿHK2ڹֳתеûо
ҽ¼棬ҽһĿ⣬ǱǵĿ˼·Ŀġʵ鷽ʵۡ
ܳɶƪģѾģڵļ֮ǰ࣬ˣڿʼ֮ܳҲȻȻؽ뵽ˡ
ӵд󼸰ٸȼܵ磬ʼ٩٩̸
PPTܳˣ棬˵ûϸһЩҾģôģϴȼ֧š
ܳûȥƣҲص䣬ÿһ仰PPTϣܹҵĿǰ֧ŵףҲҵģµĸ߷£á
ڣĿǰڹƷʽδγɱ׼ҹƣٽһƽ̨ڡˣ飬


ڶʮ סˣ
磬̵ģȵһǱҵ𽲽ԼĿ⼰ݣУȫھĬ״̬
û˻ʱڵȥ㽲ԼĿ⣬ǣܿʱ㷸Ĵ󣬶ᱻСϡ
ܳƽţͬʱԼУߣҲһһ˼Ǻšʵǰƽϡ

ڱǰоԼڱоеĿ͹ݣǽ۳½
HK2ȷ⣬Թϸֳתһ̶ȵĴٽáHK2һ̶ϣҲԹϸֳתƲһĸЧ
ҵĽܣ˽ллλʦ
ʱ仺ţܳڰСʱҵʱ䣬ԼĿϡ
⻹ǽֻǴĿʼѡ
ܳɻϣȫѻȸ
磬ҪдǴ̡ԼĽܣֻǽ뵽˴绷ڵĹؼ׶Ρ
ϯλϵĴίԱһһѯʣֻһһ㣬ٻһѲġ
ܳɻϣע⵽ˣ̶һԣĿ˸ʼ
˫ĿɨŵļˣԪƽڣڱʼǱϣддƺڳﱸԼ⣬СһƵġ
ʵĴ̴˽˵⣬͵ò̶սȺˡ
̶
ܳɿؾصȻܺ򶼾رģԼ˴Ĵָʾ
֮ǰ͸߹УҪƣ˹Ƶʱٹơ
ǴлίĻڡ
߮ѾҲˣЦ⣬Ҳ֪ǲںԱߵǸڵЦûܳ򿴡
Ͼһ
ܳ΢ͣһʱ䣬پͷǳʽ˵𾴵ĴϯԼλίУ涨Ĵ̣УѧܳɣѾԼĽܻڡ
ͷλίԱܳɵĴ署⣬Ӧָ㡣ϯָ˳򡣡
˵úܿǣʵҲ֪һεĴ磬ǳʽԲΪܳɺ͹ԪƽγйϵͻŹ
Ԫƽ׵壬һԼıӣ¼⣬̧ͷܳʦӡ
ѲһȦѾԼĿܣǾͿʼ߰ɣʼҸݴ˵ĿɶȣҵһЩ
δ̣õǼʼʽˡ
ڴĹУ˲볡
㻹һӵӵ˼·ʱ䡣Ԫƽܳ˵
ܳЦŵͷллʦ
ȻĿаӣ˵λʦѾ׼ˡ
Ԫƽԥصֱ룺ͬѧ֮ǰĽܣHK2ǽͽĵһ;һǽͽĵһͨ·
ûпǹͨ·ʱHK2Ĭ֮󣬻Ӱ쵽֯Ĵ
Ŀǰٴϴ󲿷ֵĿҩǶϸɱ˽ϴģӰ죬᲻һЩ
ԪƽĺݣֱӰܳɿгֵĵһͨ·ӣеˣ
⣬ܳ޷ȽĽ͵Ļⳡ磬һ־磡
ûκʵͨ·оȥǾ˷ǮûҪ
ܳ⣬û뵽⣬ɹԪƽ׵ʳ
һܳ˵ʦ⣬飬ϸؿǹҲѯصס
ĿǰΪֹѾٰΰͷȶϸ֤ʵHK2еãͨ·ԴͷĿŶ⡣
УἰڱУҲнܡĿǰоУйȫóHK2嶯˶óHK2󣬲ΧӰ쵽ϸԺ֯Եİȫ⡣
ݱеʵУͨóHK2ͨ·δԻϸĸ֯ɲ𺦣ⲿ֣ҵʵУҲӦϸ
ˣHK2ΪǺģҲǾһİȫɿԵġȻδϽйӦʵ飬Ҳ޼оϽйӦ顣
ǵ˵ֱ죬ųʦǱ飬оݡ
ллʦܳЦŻظ
ˣ붯ﲻͬ
ǣ붯ﶼǽͽͨ·HK2ó֮󣬶ȫԴģмϡظʵڵġ
ǵĿ⣬ֻΪ֤HK2ڹϸͻʵϵӰ죬⣬ûоһ
Ȼ⣬ʱڿǵķΧڡ
ԪƽҲһддͬʱ߮ҲǷǳʽڼ¼Щʲô
ңܳɻˣƺǻʲô⣬ҲѾ׼ʵϡ
Ԫƽû꣬Ȼ˵ڶ⡣
HK2ڹ׵İе㣬׿ӣŹ㷺ɱԡڶĻڣôģ
ϸһǣǵֻHK2ĳĬӣϸȻע䵽ڣ򵥵ع۲
УδȽϸԪƽɫ˿ӵ˼
ϸڣܳʵһӣ趼ʶ
ллʦʡܳԺ졣
˼ʮӣŻأʵ飬οĿ֤ʵHK2ڹϸУԹϸԵӰء
ֱ˳ĬӴ˹ϸ۲ϸʵӰ졣ǿ͹۶ҿɹ۵ġ
ڹʦĸҩ;⣬ӦһоеHK2׿ӣԻɱЧɱ˷Χо
򣬱ڽбʵʱδ֪HK2ڹϸеãˣֱӿǸҩ;⣬޸֮ľ
ֱӿǵһ粽̫˷һ̶ȵԴ˻ڽǣδһ
ʵѾ̽ˣҵоУɿǿ飬ӦģΪĴʽллʦ
硣
磬֮ǰ̵֪©Ҳ͸˵⣬һ̫ǰǰֻǻ˷ʱ䡢뾭ѡ
ǲȡġ
㲻˵ڣҪȥˡ
̫ǰԾԵĶ׳
ҪԿ˽⣬ܹ©Уȫ
ԪƽҲû˵ش𲻿ףֻǼʡ
⣬HK2ΪʲôεģӱյLDHأԪƽʡ
׻˵ɱ˿ԣĲС
ʵ֮оHK2Ϊģоȥˣ
LDHøӣӰȫֻнǽͽϸŻĶϸڳֳϸ
ڷֳУ޷ȡеһУҪ
ܳһȻǿ϶ôôǻᱻġ
ܳɾ͵ǽͽ̣ǻ֣ᷢHK2LDHͨ·м䣬ĶӰ·;
ʵϣݱѯϱϸ˵ϸԴǳ׵ǽͽ⣬ǽͽУGDPۻ
ңϸάϸĹԣһֹϸΪлԵĹϸṩм
ֻLDHĻôмڵĹϸṩӪʻͨ·;ͨṩ
˵ˣȤĿȥѯס

ǽͽֺܶಽ
HK2ǵһLDHһ
мҲԳΪ֮һ˰ҾֱԴͷͺܺףȻҲܳɶ¹ġ

ˣ鱾ŽԵʣִԴͷ⡣
һ˶ĻҲĸԴ⡣
ллʦܳɼͷлûٶ˵ʲô
Ԫƽ΢΢̯ԼıʼǱҲĬĬط˱ʡìͷܳӭж⣬ٶ࣬ǹˡ
һЦ˵ڣҵˣҾ⣬Ϊġأ
γҲܳɵˡ
˿̣ҲɤӣЦЦûйôⰡֻһһܳݣôһ⡣
ҿݣǷḻҼǵãԼǹǲרƳģһЩԼƾصĲοף۳ġ
ǣǽģ
γ⣬ʱ˶ð˶⣬һЩ̫ϤˣǸϽȥһ¡
ͱ˵ǴƳģĴţë
Ͼûȥӹ
һüͷȻȥϸʱ˲俪ʼ
ٽţǳ԰ˡ
һɾǲʮӡ
˽
Žڣ
Žڣ
ȻԱߵѧ
һ飬ͬһֻ̧߰ͷĶ졣
ŽڣˡѧЦЦҲû֡
ҶͬһΣԲ⣬ֻεĳѡ
ͷƤ΢е飬ոԼ̫ˣѧڽڵʲô⣬û
ôʱȥǿ϶ʵ⻹١
ǵ֮ǰظԡ
ԣǷʣѱʼǱһϸǣڣߣûʲô⣬ֻϣĵʱܹٸϸһЩһЩϸСĴûüֵģ΢һ¡
˴ţģǻһӵġ
ϣٻͷԼ¡
ֻһЩȽϼ򵥵⣬Ƿεʡ
ллʦܳɼȭл
û⡣̬
ټʣλίԱܳͬѧĴݣû⣿
ûеĻⳡĴ磬ͽ뵽˴ίԱ۵Ļڡ
ҡҡͷ
پϿʼ˿ʼ峡ˡ
̨ܳû˰PPTص˽ңҪرܡ
̱ܳܺЦ
ӣո˧佱
ܵͷ·Ҳܺÿ
ôôູһܳɺ󱳣ʪ͸ˣ
Ȼʪ͸ˣԪƽγģܲʮ⣬ûߣãԼĵ̹һһش˳
Ҳܰ׸̶Ȼû취ġ
̫ˡܳɻأĿ䣬ڵһ¡
ܳɸ磬¼ƺˣȻ͵¼ίӰͺˡϾĵܳɻ㱨
߮Ц߹ܳɣϲȻ㻹еæ
߮䡣
ܳɵĿһȻ֪
߮羹Ȼ֪
Ҳй

˳֮
˹ԪƽԱߵϣȻֶ˵һ䣺ʵĵ̶Ⱥ飬ǲٵģҲܸ߰
ҽ飬ȫټӵ㶫ֱ販ʿѧλ
ڣ˼ˣ
ѵγ⻰ֱò̶һ£ϵˮˤ˵ȥһݳ顣
˦˦Դ
æǸ˵Բ𣬶Բ𣡡
žҪϽȥɨƬ
ЦЦΣţҽԺȻǱӻģȻ߻ɨ
ۻڣΪ˵ָʦҲҪرˡ
Ǹϡ
̶ĵƿڴ
ݣôһرܣ
վ󣬿˿ˣҵıƺԼƵģȫ֪ƾԼһ˲֪ǰɣ
ˣҰڳ
ҿ(Fo)͹
̶۾гһߣüë˳ȥ
һԵʦݲμӴ磬ǰ˴ҲûҲ֪ԼҪر£Ҳû
Ҳû˵϶ǹġ
Ү
ҵʲôΪʲôҪеһС
ܳɡ
ʿ
̶
ɵ㣬ɵ㣬ҾǸˡ
Ҫ£Ҫ¡


ڶʮ Ӧôڲʼ
Ĵ̣ڴϯ֡ίۻڣֻдֳʦڵ޹Աûرܡ
̶ܳɵָʦȻҪһʱرܵġ
̶һˣû˸Ҫ볡ʱ̣֪֪ͨҪ̶֪顣
ʱֹҶĿͲ̶Ӱɪ뿪ʾҺ
γ¿һɫ滺˹Ԫƽڣʲô
˶ʿ磬Ƹ販ʿûġ
ϸ;ʮֻԺԺʿϿѧУĲܽھͶڶҽѧ˶ʿڼ䣬Ϊ˶ʿġϸآ򼤻ܰϸõʵоܵ߶ͱ׼ѧϰͰкֱӻòʿѧλ
и˶ȱƸ販ʿѧλλѧõ׹ѧѧϵʿѧλ
γ⻰ڶ˶˷ۡ
ⳡ˫ϷݳƵġ
üһһ˶ʿ磬985ԺУߵ飬ϼһһ˶ʿеļô
ڣʸԴݵĸУͲ࣬аٷ֮ʮϵĲʿ磬ҲͨΪίԱ
ңܳɵıҵĿ⣬ǸݲʿĿ趨ġݣҲˡ
Եܳȴ֣һֵĲ֣˲㡣
ڿгɼĻܳĿǰһƪmeta߷֣һƪһsci˵⣬͸ӲýˣҶ֪飬㿪ľͺá
Ԫƽɫԥڣ飬ܳĿǰȷǷϵġܳɵĴʦֻǸ˶δ
Ϊѧ飬ʵ÷
ǣȴò˵ڣڣܳɵĴʦ̽ڣ˶ݣɼۣѧУڽΪʿʦ
̽ԼѧҲ˳Ϊʿ
·ǹԪƽĳģһҲǹԪƽŪģ٣ҲʵǸˡ
Ȼٲ֪ԪƽΪҪôǣİţҲֻðϡ
רҵ˶ʿĴ磬ûд磬δ̫ݳһЩ
ҴݼǺлʵ鼰ʵ飡
ٵĻֻΪһο
棬ҲһȽΪ֮󵭵üڣ˵ԼĿ
ܳɽݣΪרҵ˶ʿݶԣǴ´ࡣҪƸ䲩ʿѧλĻǲǻ΢һ£
һ磬ȫ¼ȫ¼
ⶼΪⱸģԺ³֮󣬴û£Щίǣһһᱻ˼⡣
϶ӣǲֹһεظεĴ̡
Ƹ񣬵ƸӲС
ΪԺʿõģᣬҲСɲλộۣһ˸ˣɶɧˡ
ʽˣγˣγ㿪˵ˣŽڵĹǣеġһĳǿ϶ġ
ãʲôŽڿԼ
ֻܵҪһ׼ȻĻһˣʹˡ
Ŀ΢΢һݣ˿ѧˣ˾ֻװƺԼվͬһսߡ
û취Աû꣬Ϊ鱻Ƹ裬ĵĿһڶڼıɼҲһǳҪء
ڡڣǧҪ̫ڿ̣Ƹ֣Ӱ̫󡣡
ҪǩֵĻұȻҪ֮ӦĶ
磬κһίԸǩֵĻе̾͵ߡ
ҲƳǩ֣˰µɺú󣬵õǵ֮ͬٽǩ֣ɹ鵵ˣ
һĴίˣεĴ磬ͬѰ
֪ϺΪҪôżظܳɰôһǣ֮ǰȻǸ֪ԣδӦʡ
½ΪԼǣһ㣬ǹԪƽγҲǲ˵ʲôġ
Ԫƽޱ飺ڵĻڽڣƽڣʲô
ڣǽѧְ߳ƺԺʿǿһãһҿļߡ
ڣ۴ģӴò࣬ҲйνҾܳͬѧĴ̣ǲѧҲڽƸ販ʿѧλǿԵġ
ڵĻҲӦǣĿǰܳɵĻбȻǿȦɵ㣬Ͼûݳ
ڣװͿĹ¯࣬Ǻϡࡣ
ѧΪ϶˵ͬڵЩˣ͵شĥľúõԼѧ򡣡
ЩͬѧҪػع鵽ٴѧڹ֮ϣ
ܳɴݣĿ⣬ȻǲһʿоĿչˡһЩŷҵĲʿԣѾг
ѧ˵ûг֮⡣
˭ҪվԼ
ҼҵҲܾڵ飬ǩֵʱ䣬һһ̶ȵڡҲ顣
һ££ȴһ¡
ۣٴ뵽һѭĽ֮С

ܳ⣬ܺ˵һ
ţͿ˲̶Щʧǵ߳һ飬ȻǸ֮ɫܳɾͶԼĸ˵ʦˣȥ
ܺϵͷʾܳɸϽȥ
ʦ̶߽ܳȻδ˫ĿȻն
ʦܳٽһ
Ŷ̶ŻعȻصء̾һüëعλʣ
Сܣȥħôʱ䣬㵽Щʲô
̶鸴ӶңֱȵĸоĲˬ
ĹˣҲǲȻ˵Ķ٣ǣѹҲĴ󰡡
ʦֻѧϰѣʦ鷳ˡܳҲЩĲ̶
û취֪ԼĴʣΪλͻȻ
֮ǰΪ˲˷ģܳɾΪֻǸ˶ʿ磬꣬ȥ͹Ԫƽúѧϰúö顣
ɣǰģʱܳɾ֣ⷢԼεĴ磬ᱻֱ販ʿѧλ
˭õ
ǣǰõϢԼ׼أεĴУƳһЩݣ԰ѶָԼ׼ˡ
ȻĻʱԼҲȫ״̬ˡ
̶ҡҡͷֻ鷳ô
Ҳ֪ڽɼ
û̫ϵˣߣɣǰĿ궨õһ㣬Ͳôѹ̶Ҳֻܸп
˵ţܳɾ͸оԼֻ
İĵ绰Ը⣬ȴȻ֮С
ʦҽӸ绰ܳʱһ˶Բ̶˵
̶ͷ
ܳ߿һξ룬ѹסιá
ܳɣҳ洫һǳǫ͵
Ȼģϵͳ֪£ܳȻţԭô
沩ʿʦ֣
ĳʿʦ֣ǳģϵͳĽܣǸףܹƵܳɴû뵽ȻԼ绰
ܳɣãʦ֡ܳɾԼòôͻأдһ˿˿ľϲͳݡ
Ҹһϸ
ҪģˡǸ˵
ܳæŶ˼ʦ֣ҽ£ƽʱҲûôض䡣
û£ȿɡ͡˵⣬ʹ˹Ҷ˵绰
ܳɴһĶȷǺܾʣЩݣѾǰģ⼼ʱ뵽˹о֮С
ˣܳҲֻ˵Ǽֲ֣ǣеһЩʴĻڣܳΪãÿڽմС
ģ⼼ܵʱ򣬵õȫ뼼ص֪ʶھϸڣǲдŵģ൱ھֻһκθɫʵļܣ£û
Ϊ⡣
ܳɶûü˵ллԱ༭ллϢ˳ʦ֡
Ȼѵ绰˱עҲǺ棬ʦ֣ΪʲôڽԼ绰ģУֻ֪ʼԼȹȥ
Ϊʲôû⣬Щϸ⣬ȴģⲻġ
ܳҲģ׷ΪһЩأ̶ģӰ첻˾ûֽ
ҲԭԾ͸
ϸĶһӦΪܳԼһĹףһһŻص˲̶Աߡ
˭ĵ绰̶ʣ˿Ѿ΢ƽһЩˡ
һλʦֵģʦܳɻء
ˣôǰ˵һأҲü棬Ը̶ʣȻܺںһλʶ˶ʿڴʲôüͷӡ
ʦҰ裬ŵݷҲ̫æͰʱˡܳɽ͡
̶ܳһۣ㵹ǻԺҪľˡδ飬ұ˽һЩ
Ӧ㸸ĸģȥǳԷ
ܳæ˵ʦӦ
㿴ˣʦʦ̶˷ۡ
ܳɻûػͿˣæҴ˹۰ͰͿܳʣСܣGǲǴίȼԽߣԽѣ
Ȼأܳ˵
û£ϰ֣ǻһ㡣ܳɰο
Ҳüʣǻ᲻Ĵ粻ͨô죿˵ͨͱϲҵ
ûµģϰ֡
ҪܳɽŸܽܡ
ʦ̶ʦ
ʦҸףκ
̶˫Ŀ֣κǸϽϲ˲Լ֣˫΢΢̽ã⺢Ӹ˺ö鷳ɣ
̶Ƥ΢΢ܳһۣ鷳ǲ٣ҲҺܷġһúӰ
ˣ̽ڡࡣκɵ
ܳʱǹ࣬˶ʿ϶ǲ̶С£ܳɶûôпҲֻܳԼ֪
Ҳ
ܳȻְԼ裬ܸ˲̶΢һ
ȻͿʾ˳
ܳɣһ¡кһ
ԣ̾ҲҪȥȴ˵ˣ޹Աرܣѧһ˽ɡ
Ļɲʲô˶ġ
ĿһᣬͰһȺԹϵ˶ʿͲʿԭأٶ
ܳɽپ͹š
ʱ߮翴˿ԱߵŮ߰ɣ߰ɣȥҡ
ʫк棺㲻˵ܳĺˣ㲻ô
ûʲôԿˣҲɵţûҪ
ԷϢۣҪٵˣʱἫֱ߮¥ȥȻ˵ͼȿ˿ͽĲгȻѳЩ
ʫں棬ҲǱ༭Ϣ
˿߮磬ŵҵõ˵ĵط㲻ˡ
ǲ֪ЩʲôôǰˣʫоԼ߮ദһֱѹĸо

߮̾һ治ӡǣܳûٽȥôεĴ磬Ҳͽˣٽȥˣ˶Ҫرܡ
ôεĴ磬ɾûôˡԺ֪ˣ£ҴӦʦ⴫Ǹ
߮Լһɣ˿ʫꡣ
ʫƤ뵽˴ȨĵԣǸҰҺָҰ
ĸˣ߮ҲԼǲ󣬵ܳɺͰ˫ԣҲĶп
ѲһԼ⣬òƳʫ⣬ҲûŮӡ
ڴ绰˵ʫתУȥħҲ͸Ͻܻһծ
ʫģʫ¶࣬Ҫﰲô߮ҲȥҽԺҲܳɣҲʫʲô£밲ˣȻǸ԰á
һмȻѾǾŴ£ɳͣЩ죬߮д˲һĶָоԼʧȥ˵ʲô
Ƕһƿ
ӵ̰˵ϣԺòȥ
ŶӦ˶ڣҾͲˡ
Ұ裬ʵ֮ǰ̬ȲãΪ
ʫһתҵġ
ʲôҵģҺúõףҪάңܹôȻɶãݸ߮һ
ҡʫ̧ۿһ۲߮磬֪Ӧԡ
ģʵһǺĬġ߮ЦЦ
˵ã㻹ɳУúö飬ȡ˶ʿҵˣʱӦþͻˡ߮һ¥һ߶ʫ˵
ʫʣôܣǸﰡ
ܳɻ찡Լԣá߮Ц
ʫüͷǸűƨɺ죬ʲôʱܹͷĻжڣҰ֣ԺҲӣܿİ
ʫԼ轲ܹ߮㣬һ·˳˳ˮԲ⣬ǰҵˡ
һŵ׷
߮粢Ǽ¸߸ʫ꣬棬ЩˣͲҪ˽ôˡ
ҶС
ദҲż
߮ԼԼİš
ܳǲżҪúѧϰһʱ䣬ϲԸᣬǶȴڻѧһ10wѧ
ӣð

߽ܳͿգ֮ǰ̣ƺһɱķΧҲ֪ǲ˻ֽˡ
ܳ»ص˽̨ϣԪƽ˵Ŀơ
ºһ²ϣڣܳɣγίԱϯԪƽڣһΪĿǰ˶ʿ⣬ΪƸ販ʿѧλ
ԼѧڣĿڵҪƸ販ʿѧλԲ
ڣѡ񣬵һֱҪίԱᣬ˶ʿҵҪĴݡ
ڶǣҪٶúõĿݣȻ׫д޸ģѧڵǩ֣㲩ʿڼĿγ̣ɴ̣òʿѧλ
Ҫѡ
ǵģίԱǿƸҪ販ʿѧλǣͬѧԲͬⰡֻҪ˶ʿҵ֤ѧλ֤飬˵Һϸ񲻺ϸɡ
֪ܳԼûѡѡҲûá
ǣͲұȥƫڹϰŵ·ߡ
ллίԱϯλʦĿأԸ˵Žںƽڣȡ֮׵Ļᡣ
Ǿ˵֯һԣһķ·ɣ⼴ЩݣȻŽںƽڻ¡
ǾЩݺ󣬾ÿƸ販ʿѧλͿ԰Щȥ
ЩݣͿȥǩˡ
ټ˵ݴίԱۣܽ£ĿǰѧɹԲ
̶ȣԲһΪĲʿĿݡ
ĲʿһƬհףҪһЩγ̡
ô˵ʱ򣬾Ϳѧˣɫôã֮ǰһܣЭʲô
Ϊʤߣγ͹Ԫƽʤһ϶ҲЭʲô
ܳԣʣŽڣƽڣλ⣬ɷ΢׼һ£ΪЩŵ൱ؼҲÿʲôڡ
ҳԣҲ˵
رʱǱľ״
λûӻ˵ʮӵ֯Եʱ䣡ǰ滹һЩݸֽʹãûġ
⣬ɴޣֻһʱ䣬ϣǣȻش𡣡
Ԫƽγˣ˿Ϊܳɵģƺʤȯյӣޱ飬·ͲʶܳɣҲûκʾ
ܳɼ״Ҳˡ
ллʦллʦ
ĵ绰һλеһģʦַʼҲǺġ
ܳɻ˽ӽʱ䡣
ȻŽ˵׽ڣλʦ֯ˣҿ˵𣿡
˶ͷ
ܳɾ͵ڻоһһŷȫϸµشùHK2֮Ĺϵһһ֯ƬȾɫ
ڻоһȥHK2ӰӣеشȻӦݣչ֮С
ܳǳݡ
ʵ˵ͿԲˡ
˵ĻôܳԼдǰˡ
ˣû˺֮ͣǰܳɾͼڿ׼ݣ֯Ѫ֯о
飬УѾ˵֯ܳɣзḻѪѭ˹֯Դ
ڿһеѪ֮󣬼ӦеĳĬӣһѳĬؾ֯Χ
ڿһһ̶ȵؼ֯ή󣬹߻Ӷע䣬ƹϸɹϸŨţؽ֯õٴо
ڿԻ
ܳ˵ʱѾŴͣԪƽγˣͲվ
Ŀƣܳɣڿһӣ
ıʵ˿ϣǱñ¡
ѧŵģϡ
ڽŲ豭һ
ܳɿһУ˵ı飬ԼйϵλʦĸַӦ
ܳɣڼ˵һ֯壬֯İо
һᡭ
ܳɺгĵ
ʱ򣬹ԪƽγˣѾȥüͷ壬࣬鲨׳
ʱ󣬼ԼıʣĬطϣΣ·һεѧ
ʱѧ˫ֱء
ʱڽڣԼĲ豭
ʱٽڵĶͷ¶ϸطܳддݣÿһÿ֣ƺΪոܳ˵Щ׼ġ
ûһۡ
ܳɻϡ
ԪƽʣЩҪʱжãԼм𣿡
ܳɵ˵ͷʱ˳ĻӦܹڰʮڣصݣͳơ˳һĻӦܹڰڣռɣȻڸλʦǰ
ϸزѯ׵ġ
ĿǰѪۣܵһֱǿпɲģ˵ΰУƵĲֻǣϵΪѪΣûô䡣
ǣϸӣѪϵͳʵҲмѭġǰؽڵıؽڵ΢ǿɲġ
Ʒʽпڲغܴ󣬶Բ˵ĸҲǿܹѪܹͣͣóĬأ޾ֲ͵ĻԣҲǾпԵġ
ڹ֯ɱȱ֮£һһĹȱڣʱܹúƹϸɹϸ
ڹ֯İ֯Ӳ֯Уϸ֯ı죬ֱ죬пǹףǵһ㡣
Ȼ󡭡
ܳеķʸûпʣÿ仰ϸظԼѯĻף
Թ֯Ƶɷ֣棬ƾŨ壬Ҳഺ棬ڴܹ֮һٴ⡣
⣬ܳҪĶ
ԼٽκˣǺѣѣͲȥ˵ĻͲ˵ĻǾİϹôܡ
ңܳɻҪУΰôõһ⣬͹ۻƷ䳩ȡ
ΪؽڵƣԱţԲؽûֻǻѲͬ
۵ƣۣԲֻۣҪһѡ
ǹǹǿԵ֮һûѡ
ûģξֻܵԣܳɱҪȥ֮ǰһУֻСС֣Ŀ⡣
ܹ̣ʿѧλֻΣĳǿġ
ܳɣȥ
£ܳģ棬ܹﵽʱ伫ޣٲңʵ飬ԶԶûٴ׶Ρ
ˣкܶģ㹻ʱȥƹ㵽ٴС
ضԶ
ΪҪôÿ⣬ˣһȥ
ܳиõĶ߼ֻĵ̣ܴܳɵıǩǼɣȫԼ

ʱ̣Сʱ
˵ܳɽԼҪʲôܹ뿪ġǣܳٴϸذԼļƻ⡢ԡȫԵеģһһ꾡ط֮
εĴ磬Ž
ںѧƳԼĺʱ䡣
Ԫƽγˣܳһ뿪˴ڵʾҺٴеĴίԱʼ˸ۡ
Ԫƽ˵׽ڣĴݣҽΪɹݣҪǽиʽͬ𣿡
˵꣬վֱżܵλá
ٸ˵ͬⰡ
ûκα顣
ԪƽһᣬˣæֱӰڴ濨ˣȻĿ飬ٽ˳̵ٵĻȼ
̱ǵζʾ
ԪƽʣڣĺʲôûУ
γӣŸпһ˵ڣܳĿǰѧӦźˣҰ
飬мָӡ
ڿγһۣﰵ˵γ˿ʹ
ڣѵҪִܳ˭ѧͲ˭ѧôܳɲδſ˽κһ̸۴£ںģֻ˭ѧ˭ʦţԪƽЩá
֮ˣһһܳɶûǵˡҲˣĻҾͲܳĳϣЩȫؽȥ
ΪίԱϯһֱӽͣ
˳Ĭ
ԪƽҲĬһټ˵֪λڣҿ϶һЩıߣֱֽǣе㲻̤ʵص˼
ǣǻվҪ߳һġĿѧԺͲӦֻһ裬Ҫģʵʵڵ㶫
ѧƣҲۣǹǿƣͲҪʲôƺ͹ǲƵ֮ˡȥʲôʱٿ붼Ļ
Զֻڱ˵ƨɺ棬˲ǲֻǵ̲㣬ǲ̵ˣô͸վǵļϡ
Ϊأ
Ԫƽְ˳ȥ
Ȼֲһ䣺ٿεǲһҵ粻̸λǾˣ͸ˣǾãѧĶˣ
ۣԴԲܴڲʼԪƽǲ䲻زһ䣡


ڶʮ ˼
Ժôܳɶ˳󣬲̶һʱ۾ʡ
ڶٰܳɽнȥ׷ʲô̶һŲ֪ĵģȻǵûΪܳɡ
ߣ£Ժ˵Ŀſʼˡ
һΣγ͹Ԫƽˣ϶ǹܳɴ¼иҪҪţûѵصѡħȵأɳС
ʼδġ
̶ƫͷܳɡ
ܳɻԺЦԲ̶Ҳ֪ʲô˼
ÿһÿһ˵Ĺ滮ͰţԼݺ͵λȥǿнӴ߲ȦӣŰΪ
ܳʱȥǴ飬ֻŰԼþС
⻰߳Ҫ̽һ¾Ķ֣ҲǹԹԱԼ죺Σˡ
ٲ𶡳ֻǰĿ۽ܳɵϣɨһȦ
ٲ̾һڵڣ߮ܳŶӵľߣǶԵġ
㶣߮ܳȥħ飬ʲôϵʼ·ʱ㲻dissô
ϴô˵϶⡣
ܳɱ㿪ˣ΢΢ʦʦҸĸոɳеģʱҲˣȺһԸ㷹Ȼܲͷλʦлʦ翪ʼʱǰҴ绰
ҲѡԶĵط
ܺһ࣬ûʱա
ؾʦڵλһԷ󣬲֡
ܺ߹ܳ˵ǿԼԷġ
ˣ¶񣬶мڴӡֻΪԼ˽ܳɵǰ̡
ܳɣ߲֪㵽ʲôʱȥ㸸ĸԷɡϢҵһʱ֪ͨ㡣
˵꣬˲̶һۣ΢΢ΣҺͶڣͽȱ裬Σ
̶Ȼܳɹϵ׽Ԫƽ˲˲֪ٵΣҲûϢ̶֪ͨ
̶ͷ˵ҶԣԺİšллԺΪѧôá
磬ͣһˡ
ٵҶһǱ˵ġ
̶͸Աߣ˵Ǵۡ䲻ǶعҾһ㡣
ٵɴ۾㵿˲̶
̶ȴˡ
ܳɼˣҲٺͶٴһ䣺ʦͶʦҪҪ㶫һ£
ٺͶ˶ҡͷǴ˿̣˼ԶǸ棬̶νĴۣǱ˿ˣе㶫
ɲһϵġ
ܳܡת¥ʱ򣬻ڿٵر༭Ϣ˿ûϿİأȻб䣬Ȼȥ
ʱ䣬ðŸίš
֪ܳ϶ڸȡ֮ǰһֱڽ磬ֻ
áͻһ֡
˭ϢˣŮѣܴ˿̿ԼҶӻصԼԱߣһ٣Ȼڡϣôһž۵ʱ̡
˵㡣֪ܳܺ˼Ҳûǡ
ܺһ㶣ȻķӦ΢˵㣬¥ͣס첽ߵܳ·̧ͷʣѽ
ˣ󣿼Ҿô
裬ȥԷɣܳɾ֪һ뱧ӵܺⷴӦԲŲǰ˵Ƿǵõǰų
ǲ˵˵
Ͳ˵˲˵ܳɲ֪ϵôŵ緹̫ûüԡ
ߣȥԷ򣬿ʼߴ١
򣬶ǽƣͷȴ£úú˵˵


ܳɺٶ뿪󣬾ֻʣˡ
Ԫƽ˵һλ󣬽ƽϢ˺һӡ
Ȼѧźһˮ˽ƽƺѾ仯Ϲлֱ˵˰ɡɳ֮ǰ֪ΰҽйûʲôġ
Ƕʶˣͱ룬̽һˡ
ڵضߣ˽鲢ࡣ
⼸λҲ졣
Ĭγȿ˿ڣѧһôļڿ찡
Ԫƽ̾һվ΢΢ȭ˵ʵΪǸ̫ѧϻˣ½Ǭݡ
ѧĿһϹҾ½ǬݼãתɣҾͦ
Ԫƽǲ˲ؿѧһۡ
γЦ֪ѧǻԾյġ
ڶ½Ǭݵ֣ģû½ôգҲ½ǬйӴ֪½Ǭ½Ϊλߣµ飬ûö̽
˿̣գ˫ĿϸЩʲô
˻۹۱ǣǹۿڣĬ
֣ȻС˵㣬ܹƵù½ǬݣɳΪޣǰܳɣй֮޲
֪ͬĻ
ڴ½Ǭݵĸ׵飬½ǬԼľַش֮Ȼ󣬴Щˣй뷨ˣ½Ǭݸˡ
½ǬݻڹڵĻԺʿͻûʲôˡ
Ԫƽ˵ʵҲʲô£½ǬݣҲȷһЩֶβ֮
һ㣬ϣλܹæ½Ǭݼﱸع顣Ǭݵǰķرá
ϣλܹһѣһдţεĵһĿġ
ѧüͷһ½Ǭݻ飬ô𣿡
дţȻǸʲôţдԪƽ義һЩˣ㹻ˡ
ǸǸˡ
ǰǣ̫ˡĿǰ֪Ǭݹ˾벻ʮҵĲΪĵף
治棬ĿԺܴ󡣡
½ǬܻعҰһЩҵתƵڣĿǰҽϵͳĸַ΢ı仯Ҳһܹµġ
ãúõ˳ᢡ
½ǬǸ̶ͷͺñǰ칬ĺӣˣ˶ϣȴû˻ϲ
̫ܹڡ
ѧüͷ£ɲһдǾǴ˱ǩһԺ½Ǭٸ飿
ǵڶأѧ£ȸΪá
Ԫƽ΢΢̾һҲ֪ǣ̫˿϶Ըǣ
ڶ£ʵҲΪҵѧΪ½ǬݣΪСܡ
Ԫƽ˵գ˿ˮȻº˵ⲿı֣һֿȡİ취
ǴͻƣƵǰĽֺͷΪȻ˳Ӧһְ취ܳɻеСţĿǰĳһЩ
ȻǹĿǰҲѾһֵĻۣԣǴһѻ𣬿ܲܰͻƳȥ
ѧ鵹ǲǿȽҪǿ
ǣǹĿǰЩҪͻƷǲǻǣеѵİ
ǰĻۣҪ߳ȥ϶صİ
ƼʵһֱڣӰΪıԹڵĴͿƼҵͼ˾оƬһϵеķ
磬ƺ޲ʵӿһֱڡ
ѧ˼ǣܳɵĳЩܸıһЩûҪͻ
Ѷȵġ
ԪƽȻȫСܣ˲ţҲԶԶֹСһˡǻһЩڵġ
ţƽڣ϶ҲԼ뷨ͳﻮֻϣƽܹһ̶ϣһѡ
ܳɣĺ顣
ѧԲ𻰡
γҲװ
ԪƽתͷڣҲǿ϶Ը벻ٵİɣ
γ΢˵ڣҲ֪ѧ࣬ôˡ
ԪƽЦЦھǫ˰Ҳ˵ѧƽҲ˵ƣӵСӣĿǰΪİ
ĿǰʡǱߣҲǴͦȵİ
γٲȻһŭڣǰǲúõؼƻô
Ԫƽҡͷ¤ҽһֱҵҵоϵ츳ǿģһм˽ġ
Щ˶ʲôˡ¤Լϳȥģ䲻ߣҲš
Ҽƽ̫ڼˣҶѧϰһˡ
µЩӣܹԱߣйȽӴСǣ򵥰
ͰңҲܳɵһֶˡѵô
Ƶγϵģ츳ܺãγĴڣרҵ֮ϣǾ磡ṇ̀Ϊǵǰʵ
ȤģԻͷȥ˵Ĳٻ
ܳɹŪδ£ãпֶΣĺôԪƽֱʡ
γƽҪΪˣҪ
ѧһӱòԣϡࣺλڣˣٳʱ͹ȥˣǻǺúõһ£ڵģʲô뷨ɡ
Ҳͷ˼ãŵͨҲã½ǬܹתڣǼĴ¡ǻŵʱܹ֤ҽҵҲǲ˼һˡ
һҪջյ˼̻ȫһǻе˼̻Ԫƽ


ڶʮ ίΣ
ͽһС͹ܺкܳɳԶܳ¶ӲȻܾˣϰ֣裬Ե㣬ó϶ûԡ
һ£ðѶӿճ
ֻܳɣǲ£̬֮ǸܳҨһ
ůůθޣڴĶɫΣء
Ҳֻŵͷ
ܳ˫ִܵļϣЦ˵ڴһȥͿˣͱ˱ȸ
ҵ㻨ǮǿûٹҵġǰͬѧڿҸˣϰ֡
ڼ䣬ҵ֧֣֮ܺ٣ѡҲǱȽأ·
ˣǰļҾҲ
ڵͷ˵ô٣ٳһѧ˶ʿѾΪҫˡ
ܵϸףڳٶܳɴδȥЩ
ӳˣᰲοˡĨĨ۽ǣЩͳ
ǳĬʱǿģȴѾ֪ܳѾӲ÷ȥԶĵطˣҲǸǰȥĶͯˡ
ӥа֮գҲ֮ꡣ
ܳɿ˵ղ̫ԣ˵ҪһȥҽԺˣ
ӭܵһ
һоȥҽԺ㶪ôЦû
ܳɾ˵ֹ֧һҽҵϰôôأ
ˡܻ֪ܳڰοǣȻһתʣո˵ǸԱߣ
ŵͷӻҿֱߣܹԹԵģƯ
ﻹôÿĹ
⻰⣬Ȥˡ
ܳɵͷţֻкøУԾͲͷϰǰҲͶˣɳеġ
ܵɫһݣʣɳ򷿣ӦõҪǮɣ㹤ҲûʵҲѹİ
ڳĹҪҪҲΪԺ𲽺ù㡣
ȥɡ
ܳҡͷϰ֣Ȳ
ָܳԱߣ˵˼䡣
һ飺ֺ£Ҳ˲
ڻԺ˵׼ˣѧҽʱߣͺܳҺ滹Ҫʿлܲȫѧ
ҲüģʱĲ˼
ܵҺǮԼţҪѰ˼¶лŬȥڵ߲Ҳܹһ㡣
ʱʣ԰ѻˣӣҺ軹ܸ
æתһ룺ǲǺడ˼ͥ𣿡
͵˦˦ͷ̾ӲҲˣҲкܶǣǸծ
ͲˣܳŪ𣺡ҵıծԺԼ
ܳǲĻˣƱšܶȥڣ֣ȴһĵģĻ
ܾתͷȥ߶ǣǸӹϵǰɣ
û𻰣Ҳû⣬ʣǸҾôʱ򣬿϶ҪЩİɣ
ƻǼƽҪӵ顣
ҪеģͲҪ˿
˵ţܳɵ绰վϰ豧Ǹ˵ҽӸ绰
Ͻæȥܻ֣ѷȶ£һܳǰ롣
ܳɽӵĵ绰Զ֣࣬˼ǣȥˡ
ֻܳܺϰ踴ӵУ߳˲͹ݡδͷֻǾĸӾᡣ
ܺʱǰļˣȻζ
ûٽʳǻ࿴˿ǿĿˡ
ôǵҪ洳ƨɣ㺢Ӱ
ٳԵɣãúӲٵģҲ֮һˡ
Ǻúõģлᣬٶ顣
ǸҲǸоҲĻģԺ²Ǻϱû˵ֲһˣʱ
һ鶼ûֻ˸ɨä࣬۸Ҳʶǰɣ
һѧȻأ绹ûӰأҹƻü꣬Żῼǽӵ顣
ܽ˵ոնӽ˲ʿ󣬹ȶʱ򣬻һʲ˲԰ҡǹŮҲеĻӳӵ飬ȫǲġ
Сɶ£Ǽģ㲻Ҫ˼ҵĹСһ㣬Щҳ
Ŷ
Сʱû飬ڵǻҪԼҵˡЦʵԶǺġ

ϵлʦ磬࣬Ҫǲ̶š
ͶϾ̶ټϵȰˣܳǾŸ
̶Ͱź˵ط
ȥ֮󣬹Ԫƽֲֻ飬Ҳû˵Ǻ۵Ļ⣬ֻǹԪƽЦǺǶܳ˵
СܰĴǩ⣬Žںƽڸǩ֣͵ÿڵıˡ
λԶáϾΪ飬λڣǿӳԼг̵ġԪƽ˵
γҲǵá
̶ȫЦܳɵ˵ͷѧڵ΢΢༸λʦˡ
ǣܳЦӭλɫҲмֿɬ񲻶ڹԪƽγɨǳʲô
̾һ˻˵úø㣬Ǹǳĺӵġ
Ӹģζˡ
ܳɱ㲻ʣֻǾ֡
ǴһȦÿһʵʵڵĶ¶ǣȻһСȦÿһ¶ǣرлл˲̶ٽλ
һ룬ܳѾЩˣ
ܳˬʵļƣ˻ѧ˶ٰѴӹԪƽĻܳϹˡ
СӣҲ˰һһ¹࣬Ҫ⣬ԪƽԺûꡣ
㷹ܳɱϾ͵˾ͽľƵ꣬Ȼ绰˶ٰ֣˰Ѹλڶ׵
һҹ޻
ա
㣬ܳɾͺ˯δӵ绰аģҲԼĸģǲĴࡣ
ٿϢûȴܳɣǵðеʦҪȥȻ˳͸ǣԼõġ
ܳǼǵµģȻϷϢ˶ϾϾ֪λʦľ尲ţܳɴ绰ʶ֡
һһʹ֮ܳɾͿһ͡
Ԫƽߣγǵһߡ
֪ܳ˺ٺͲ̶˾Ͷûˡ
·ϣܳɶγ˵ʦԲ֮ǰʵйһЩᣬҲ˽⵽ʵ
γĸԣ̫Ź֣ȥ룬˭֪ʲô
Ѧ޵¶ãγЩ滮
γ̾һ·кܶѽ⿪Դĵļܹ򿪳һڣǶ
εļҶۿɼȴƣεļѼ
СܣԼԵҪúðա
ʦһ仰ˣˣ
ĪҪǿ󣬶ĪҪǿ
γ˵꣬ҲǱЦǺȻ󻰷һתصЩ£Щʦǣɲ˵
Ҹǰô࣬ҲΪķġ
ܳȻγ˵İţÿ˶ԼĽѧ˵γĲãҲ˵á
ʦллЩҶסˡ
ţܳɹעһرĻ⣺ʦҵĴ磿
γˬһЦǶ˶ʿʿѧλ׷磬ȻɡǶŴúɽĴ磬δʼ
ִʣʱ£ģβδлһ¡
ѧʣСѧѧʣѧҲѧʣͿʲôʡ
ܳһ֪γ滮Ȼǳԣõ˴𰸣Ĳʿ磬Ѿͨˣֻγһ档
ʿ粻˵ߣҲܶࡣ
ʿ֮ϣδо涨γҲ˳Ρѧ֮⣬дúɽ
ܳɱ̰ĵضһ䣺ܲһ£ʦõʲôʣ
γֻǼ򵥵˵ôһ䡣
Ȼ󲹳䣺̻𡣡
ѧѪ⡣
˻ſʼ̫üƽϡ
ܳɿЦʦܲܲҪô飿ֲ̰
ǰɣʦộôǿҪιʲôеǿ˼³ˡ

Կγ˰죬ܳ£Ȼѧڡ˻͵˻͸վ
ǣɾͲܳ˵ôˣһٿ޵ĹܳɻеΪ¾ҪƮƮɣȻ£ϣܹܳȥ﹤
ԺʿũĳͷջΪġ
ȥ֮󣬴󸻴󲻸ұ֤һ׷׾٣Ƕܳɵӳ̶ȡ
ܳȻܣҲûѻ˵·
͹Ԫƽʱ򣬹ԪƽȴδܳɽʲôֻǸ˵һҪ顣
Ǿǣں½ǬݣѾмء
ԣһʱܳߣҪаź͹滮Լ飬Ƴ鲻ܶ
½ʦû°ɣܳеʡ
۴֪϶ǲ̶С֪½Ǭݾ㣬½Ǭݿʼܳɵ·Ϊ˳˳ˮ
Էģʦ֣ȻЩŹ֣£Ǻܿ׵ġֻĽǾعγص
ܳԣ̾һ
½ǬǸزܹҪܴġ
ܳɽ˵ʦߵ֮ھ·ݻʮһ·֮䣬ͻǱˡ
áԪƽҲ˵ͷǲܷܳɲܡ
ǣܳڣҪһԼġ


ڶʮ ̶
ӹԪƽٵõһϢǾıҵˣһԼ˶ʿ磬販ʿѧλĴ硣
ȫܳɵ֮ġ
ܳҲܲ²õ½Ǭйءڳ½Ǭʱ˵ԼӦ㹤
ܳʵǹ滮ԼҪúóѧϰһʱġ
ȫԼĹ滮ߣǾԵġƶԼĹܶʱһ޷Ԥϵľ档
Ҳ˴ţ
ֻǴݴöӵ㶫ѣ滮Ѿڴ˵ˣǰ漸ٴڡ
ǴίԱ˶ԺʿУҲδܳʵԡ
ܳδСппλڹ̶֮ǰҲûܹԤϵܹܳеСппλڹ̶ϣΪ˵ز
ǰŻˣһƳרŵ䱸еʵ͹۵ĳ
һһ䣬ÿһӡܳɵ֡
޷֤ܳٴϵƿԦĻһĲʿоҪҵǼǲ֮¡
绰ܺܳпרϡ
˵ʱΪġ
ܳҲȽϿĵľǣ·ֹһף´һµס
ܳȫͬɽ˷죬ҲǴ˵˵ԼĹ滮
Ȼ󻹸ܺԼδĲ˶ʿǲʿ
˴㵺ͼɽϴ󺰣һοͬɷʵĿ⣬Ҳ
㣬ܳɻûֹǣǷǵٺ̨СҪϻؼȥܳҲΣֻĿ˳
ҡ˳ܳɾػֵ
ƺе磬ʣôɳ£
飬ʿƽȫ˼
иֶŮҲɳж顭㶺󣬻ء
ܺ򶼼򵥵ӦԣţǰͲҪҶ¡
һ˶˯ܿҪóֻʼסɶ˶˯ˣ𳳳
һȥٴ򡭡
ͱ˸ĸ֮ܳɲûȥ̶ǲͨٵĵ绰
ǽѧ飬ԼҵϸڣһЩԪƽֻ˵˴ŵ
ܳҪݷãٻûܾҲûֱܳԼһȽƧĵط
ܳϴαξûᶫȥ
ɨܳһۣЦʣСרңΪʲô£
ĸߴ࣬ǹͣʵԺ֮λѣԴһλߵϡ
׽ڣεĴ磬ô£ҽӵ֪ͨ˶ʿ磬ôͻȻˣܳɺ֣ģûҵԭ
ٸп˵˽԰ŵģԭҾͲ̫ˡ
һȦ֮鿼ǣʱ䣬ҪʱĴݣȻ뵽УͼݵĵõίԱԱǩ֡
ȻһѧУ룬Ƹ㲩ʿѧλ֤벩ʿѧ֤飬˶ʿ֤飬ûˡ
γ
ǹԪƽ
гܳϡܳɻĵɻ½Ǭݵ飬ɲܷϡ
׽ڣڴίԱۻڼ䣬λʦûҪ󣿻ϣ׽ܸ֪ҺһһȥӦԲ⡣ܳɰѻع鵽ϡ
粻ףҵҲס
ôҪ󣬵һҪٶ༸ƪ£ӰӲҪ
ڶҪʵصݸƵʿҵĻҪ󡣡
һٴ⡣
ٽ꣬۾˵СܣЩҪ˶ԣΪѣʵϣġֻҪͰ࣬Ҫرﻮʲô
Ϻ͹϶ﶼڴϵ˻ԺʿˣȻԪƽγԺʿܰǽͿ϶а취˵ġ
ǰԼϲҪ©
Ȼ󣿡
ˣѧֵ飬Լ鰲ŵġ
յܳɻҪһЩԣڿܳϵĵӻᣬҪȥЩʱ̣ǾͲ̫ˡ
Σ֮ǰܳɵһᣬǽˡ
̶
õӦϢܳɾٺһ
һʯͷ˵أѧ㶨֮һҪǹӡˡ
Щ飬϶ˮɵģʱʹϵԼﻮҲС
Ͳ֪½ǬݵôˣʵҲԸæֻܶ
ʵҲܺ⣬½Ǭںô꣬϶ǽ˲ٵҪϳߣοܣ
֮׼
桢ǣ档
Խ˽룬ܳԽ籣žη
ôѧɵġ
ܳɴ绰̶ʱ̶ˬʡ
Сܰ裬סҴ磬ǳԸ̶˵
ʦҰ϶ȥˡллʦ⡣ܳܺл
ȥˣôż̶һ㶡
ܳɾԼɣСģ棬ⲻ⻹ȥˣǲá
ʦ´Ұɳˣһ԰ݷ
̶ܳ˼СӱЩʵʵģǾദͺãݷòݷõģҪôʽ
飬ʱǸһˣʲôʱħȥ
̶ãܳħ飬϶˲ˡ
ĩɣʦǱ⴦ڳν׶Σ˲ֱ˰ߣϣȽϺð𣿡
ҹʱ䣬Ҫɳһ˵ġܳȻǲ顣
̶֮һóﻮ
̶ˣȥԹϺλʦ˿԰Ѳ̶޶ãܳɲС
ã
ʣ֮ǰ֪һ
Ȳ˵ˣִ绰ˡҵȥӵ绰̶ƤЦȫûࡣ
ܳɣ
绰ȻҶˡ

һߣ̶Ҷܳɵ绰󣬲ûϽӣǰɫһС۾˵ɣȻŽ˵绰Σֱֻߡ
һ
ϺĬһʣΣ˵ȥϴѧҽԺչ𣿡
Ǵ;˵ģ̶δش
ߴߣˮʹ
֮ǰǾòң붡ٽӴ֮󣬲̶ҲǶϴѧҽԺԾη֮ģǵغ¡
Ҳر𳤣ܴĥһԼĹ
ԺҴĵ绰˵Ǵ¸£οΣΣû̬ʲôᡣ˽
û˼ϺΪȡ
֮ǰǼ£һɧ꽫ȥûʸελãһΣ˵ҲǴΣڶת֡
̶Ƭ̣⻰ǾͲǵ;˵ˣֻǵΣִ㣬δۡ
ѧѹ̫ˡ
֡ٽҲˣҪҶȥ̶۾ţֿȴء
Ϻƨɶó˿˲̶飺ΣǰӦðܳøҵģʵȽܶѹ
ãʵҲ̫ٵġ
ȥ׽ڴһ˵ܳ°һδ磬Ȼ齨ίԱ飿̶һᣬһš
ûʲôף֮ǰϺ˽Խܳɵ飬ǲ֪飬ûó˵ѡ
Ϻԣ˼̫ء
Ҫݺݴ̼һС
Ϻһ̶£
ƷԺʿ齨ĴίԱĴ̣»ָʦ±ҵð𣬾ͻ˰ѹҶʣ
̶ǿΣҲǸְƣȻǻģϾġ
ΣҺЦ档
ʵƸ飬пգ֪ΣԴˣγﻮģϺֱ⡣
̶ƣڷεʱȨͱܹԽһЩ飬ֻǲ̶ɽ¶ˮ
һΣܹлȥϴѧ̶Ĺϵкܴ
̶룬ջΪϧΡϺƴĹǿƶԸ⿴ʹį
Ҫ˰֧
ΣȻԺζε˼ǾԼ滮ɣҾͲˡ
һҪһ飬ǾǺһʱ䣬߲ԴḻĻܹ΢·㡣ҿܻѧС⡣̶Ҳʼﻮܳɵˡ
Ϻ㶣ϲӣܳǴһƻڰҽԺô
Ļ϶ܹ˷
̶Ϻƨ԰ɡ
ϴѧҽԺͶҽԺĹǲƣǲƵķչƽ̨ڣһܺõĻᡣ
ΣȻãǰҽԺƽ̨֧Ų˵ġ
Ϻ侲Ϊ̶뿪ǰҽԺ㶫ڿΪ˶顣
õģ֪ˣΣϢˡϺҶϵ绰󣬽סֻһĿ˸һȻֳ̾һ
૵ܳɰ


ڶٰʮ ҳ
صסĵطܳһеĴ̾һ
˵Ӿħ˲٣ѽʣģ治ˡ
Ҵܳɻѳȥһ磬лֻǰͳԷλʦסޡƱˮܳɳġ
ǰһиĶҪѧаţ̵ĵʦǿϼֻϵ齨ίԱᣬ
סޡƱлʦȵȣǲڵġ
ȴβ̫ˣһӿ˺ö࣬ϸڣòƳܺ⣬Ҳûܳ
һ㣬ܳƭѧУŵģλǶ̫УΪˡ
ڣܳɵĴѾˣλ£ЩǮ»ûܷ
ʱ䣬ҪʼͰˡ
һܳϵ˰ȥԷҽҪ׼ʲôİɣ
ǰԼõʱܶҲ졣
ѽʵرʽļ棬´׼ɡ
̫æˣҰ˵سﱸЩ˼ء
ܳüͷһ壬ʣͿţǲЩ̫ã
밢̡棬ûкǸӲã
Ǿ͸ȥԷ˰ɣûҪ׼ôࡣǳ϶ߣԼҪվ̬ȡ
ռүӵĳ磬ƽҲصġ
ܳͷЩţҾʲô׼˰ǰûⷽ׼֮һֱæ顣
ὲЩʲôĻҽһ¡
ܳҲúȻȻûоûУоУҲúܶĿףǰ棬һ
ϾûһҪġ
ʦ֡
Ĵ磿ǲǣ΢һѽ̽ʡ
ţƳٸңʱ뵽ʿѧλͲʿѧҵŬʵ顢Щˡ
ԼĹ滮ǻЩӡܳź˵
㶣һеɷףʲô磿
ʿ
ܳ˵εĴ磬Ϻ͹δʲô͸¶Ͳ̶ǰ֪顣
ţγʦôź͹滮ģȻҵʦԪƽʦҲԣίԱĳԱ˲ʵ󡣡ܳ˵
Ը̵һԳݣҲǶԸѧһĪؾˣ֮ǰ˽Ķ¼֪ѡ
Ҫʵܶôһܲܲùʡ
֪ܳҪҪæεٴ⣬ҴԼøϸһ㡣
ܻҪæΪʱ䲻ЩĻϣʱҪһ㣬ȻĻʣ¸ҵʱͲˡ
ѹô֪Ұ̵飿
ΪԼ͵͵䣬üãΪ䡣
ܳ˵СѰ˾֪飬ˣȻͰˣΪԼúأ㲻иôǻΪ˵ġ
ܳȴϵ˵µġ

գܳؾˣȻ˺һ󣬻ǾڵԤ㲻㣬Ҳȥһ·˵
װʺϽĳϣȥԷģ̸УǴҪϣһЩճеֲ̫׵
̨УҲҪñ˿ӡ
ǰԼ밲ȥ֣˰󣬰ܳɵͷһȥ䣿ƽʱֱȽ٣װʹûȥ
ܳ΢üǾ;ͽһ̳ɡ
ǰٹ֣ʱ䶼ɶˣ򵽳ù㳡ܳʰ
˵Զ̲衢顢ĤƷ
һ߰ģܳĴʻȷޡ
ʲôˮ顢롢ɢۡʲô
ðɣȥɡܳɾ;ã˻ʳȽϺãŮ˵̫Сվͣʱ
ûʲôģǳƷƣҪġ
ܳҲʲôɹʿҵľӢҽѧĴУɫҪôкҪôƤܻũûоӢʿȡ
һ£Ϊʣͻ
Űһ̲裬ǳҸغԭأ֮ܳݸȵģĩеů֡
ȻͿԱҲһ£һ˵ֶֻ̲裬ֻ֣ΪʵǴͥڣ͵͵ֲϹӡ
еˣܳ˵ˣǻȥɣǼһҿʼԷҰֽδʱؼҡ
㣬ڼ
ܳɼ׼˵飬ܳɲϲڱ˵ʱźͲ죬רҵͨѧʱ
ˣȥľ·ݹաڼܹ׼ʱ׼ĳԷ
ǰԼԶԸġ˸У趼û̫ոͣҰְҵġ
ܳɾЦʣһ죺ûбķôҿǮˣбķӡ
ҼûʲôǮҸҹùüǮķǰò̫ãûˡ
ˣǳϲ飬ǰǵңʵˣԾһӵͨСԱ˵
ľͷǱưԱȱƻһ㣬ǶάռĿ˰ɡ
ڵķΧһˣԼڶһܺߣʱǨ
¡ܳɵͷһסˡ
ҰǸˣϲװʵͦģҲ
Ȼ˵ȻҰ֮󣬾ͲҪ˵һЩʱ˵Ц˰ɣ֪ҽĹѹҪһľ
˵֪ôһᣬ֣ԼͰദȻûʲôɧ쮳ˡ
仯Ǵӻ졣
췢ˣ
ѵ˼ô
ܳٿܽܣû仯Ҳûı䰡
ͺ桭
һ·ص˼òÿš
ӳģһ߸ݵĸŮֻԱȰһСأʮͣǲȻЩĺۼࡣ
ãҽܳɡܳɸϽҽܡ
ЦЦƫСˣ䣬Ь˫ɫЬµġ
һ߽ܳһָָһ̨Ьϵмһţܳɨ˺üۣҵĿꡣ
ƺûյȴů˵ů
ԼɫЬٰԼĶѥЬϣ˵ܳɣɣЬֻܾұߵһˣҰֵЬѾȥط
ϰλ1
ܳɵƮô֡
лл̣ܳɿ֣ʵܲ˼ٴˮģɰһֱӿ¥¡
¥ǷԽıȺһСˮЩҲֻӲͷƤˡ
߽ѾȻص˷¶һɫĿͨë£ɫȹҲ¶Ͻ߳
Ž˵裬ܳǰ磬ħɳеʱ壬û׼ʲôҽȥģ˵ãͲſ
ܳ˵ҵĴСGƽʱͰôͨô
˭֪ŵɫëµİȴЦЦһˮɹһ˵ؼʲô
СϰߺȿȻǺȲ裿
ܳɾ˵̣Һˮͺˡ
̻ط䣺ȥˮ
Ҳûིʲôֻܳɶ棬һߴ󷽷һʣСܣ˵μӴ磬ôðɣ
ﰵ⣬ۼҹ۾Ǻܶġ
һڰҽԺ屦Ȼܱ֡
㣬Ҳԣ˼Ҿ΢˵㣬ûëŶƢ΢е󣬵Ѿع鵽;
ĳɾͣҲΪпˡ
ѧֹУĿҲУܹһεˣеʶ˶һأֻ֪ηشԲѣרŬ֤12ǳԱ˷û
Сѧ֪12=3
Щ˴඼ǣ12ڸʲôʲôȫˡ
廹Ƚ˳ǺᲹ㶫лл̹ġܳĿӰ裬أΪԷڶĳӡĿУ
Ƚ˳ͺãС˵˶ʿ磬ԽԽˡҪ飬ҲԽԽѣá
㰢̰;ԼˡЦЦȻĿƿˡ߳ȥˮİ
裬㿴Ҹ̧ͷվӣΪϻˡ
ҲûͿɢۣ˵۲Ŷ԰
̵̸һͲһˣأܰ飬ǳĲ̫һܳʱطһ䡣
ҡͷԲǣǰ˶Զˣ˼ʵķչٶ֤ȻѧĿѧļֵݲġ
ϧС߶ȻѧȤҲ
ܳ˰軰⣬Ŀƣġĸס
̣飬϶ˡҲûʲôˡܳЦЦֿһ
ֲŻͷǿɲô㣬ϲҪģµػͽޣĶ飬ǲŲʲôѧء
ǲǾúͰİҪǰ̶ҽѧһϲͨһЩĿҲͽΡ
ܳԣɫȻһ塣
ԡ
⻰ԣոЩӦòֹں̽ô⣬ڲҡ
Ȼ˼ң˵أв׾͵֪ңҲʲôȡɻ


ڶٰʮһ ѧ
˵ǰ룬ǵһңƣȥ˹Ա
ʲôǰԭһܹƵ£ȥת˹Աˣܼ򵥣
̣ʵҾûáܳɫúϡ
ҶĿ鲢Ǻܶ࣬һЩ£ںǿС˵Ҳ˵ʲôں
ǰ̣ܸоóոսݣ϶һģĻܲһݣ
ҸоĺۼǴһЩܶڵһЩɻ󣬻档ѧϰˣ̣ˡ
οǰ裬̽ҲãǾֻճ²ҲãܳɶԸꡣ
ĸһЦСܣ˵һ㶼ǴоŶ
Ȼ󿴵һλá
裬˵˭񴿴оѽֻ˰ء
ܳɽӻȥĸźҲ֪赽ǲӣϸ˼һ󣬻ûаѰĻЦ
ֻǼ̣Ⲣǵ˵һʦôһҪѧƳͻƣΪ򵥣ҺЧķʽѧڵרƣںϡ
Ŀǰˣоʱ򣬶ˣ̽ѰһּĿ̽˽һﱾ
ҪѧƳֱȽϴͻƣһЩݣôҪȥרҵѧƽѧϰ໥ܻͨῪٳרơ
ǰһЩ̽ҲԴڴˣǶѧƣԼԵںһ𣬻һЩµĸ֡
ϣѰѧƻѧƵͻƣߴߣȫɵ֪ʶ̣Ȼջ񡣡
ܳɺ˵
һ⣬治棬ôȥ֣̽ϸº֣̽εĶ壬ܰ
һˣ˵˵һĻ治ʵ˵仰ʱĳĿģеķʸĿ˺̣ǻڲͬĻøеġ
ܳڰѿر˵Ҳһֿ̡
㶣ܳµӣܳɣ⻰˭˵ģ
ϴѧڶҽԺǿĲĿǰҽʦڣڡܳ˵
ܳ˵ˣ˵ģˣȻҲ˵仰ģǣ˵Ļ˽̣ڹǿϣ۵ʱ򣬽⻰
ܳˣܽڴˣִ
ֿԼ裬ܺ˵ʲôôͻȻܳɰôһġ
أһǸڲټ֡
غΪεҾڽһ䣬û˵ʲôȽϴĵҪ˵Ҳһʱ޴˵𰡣
һʱ䣬Ҳ֪ܳˣļ䣬ͻĵѧͻƣķˣѧϰ츳ǲе̫ǿˣ
룬˵裬ʹӸոսǸʲôݽ˵£ҺܳһΡ
غ͵СܿҶ飬ұ˵Լûġ
Ҿͽǿɲô㣬ϲҪģµػͽޣĶ飬ʲôѧ
ƫͷܳɣ⻰
غһֱô˵İҲʲô⾳ѧѧʡ
ֿܳüͷ壬ڱĿϸ˼ӡ
͵Ȼأ衣
غ룬ѧ£УΪԶ֮ˣ̽˵ѧʱоĻ֣ǳԼ֪Χʱ⡣
еĴ𰸿̽ѰеĴ𰸿ʦеĴ𰸣ԼһЩ𰸣ѧδһ׵Ĺ
麣ģޣʦѧѧҲޣҲޡ
ѧǺܶѧʵһѧл֣Ҳˡ
ЩʵҲҵѧʱʦҵĵΪãСҲƫ󡣡
ܳ΢΢˵ллָ㣬Ҵ֪ʲôطȥˡ
̣ͻȻѻķ룬ǲе̫ƫڴ˰غ꣬ܳɾǸ
غֻ˵СѧʣǸѧʵˡ
˿Լĸףֿ˿ܳɣһθоԼܵϵѹƵģ˻⣺裬һȥˣǵȻȥأ
غ˰һۣ֪ŹˣˣСˣ²ʣ°ʱ˳·㡣
ʱ仹磬ӡ
Щ̬һ͵͵ܳɣԼԻĸԱ¶Ƶģܳѹûⷽ룬ƺ˼ʲôƵģŷ
СܣԺ㣬﹤ѽ
̣ûãʱܻҪλʦΪοܳ˺˼룬ص
ӣϾ͵˼ܳɺŲȵ߽˼
Ȼ󿴵غͰѾȥ˳֪Լ֮Ͻܳڵķ
߽֮ŷ֣ܳɣд֣һƺдʲôַƵġ
һϸ֮󣬰ϾܳŲŲˡ
һغ˿ȴûְϽæ߳ʣʲôæС˵дһºʲôʵ顣
תͷظغһƣҲûü
ܳæȻתͷ±ʣվá
ãдģ˼ȥæȻǿģܣҲҽһ顣֣ʾܳɼ
Ȼص˳غû˵
Ͼ˵ոһҪǴ˼ǿɾ̫ϧˡ
ܳɣҺ˽⵽ģҪ޷졯ҰҲ򵥵أǸͨѧߵģ
غͰ㶡
رǰ˵֣ôܳɣǲǲ̫ʰѧ߿ѧһĸߵĳνˡ
ֻһνѣѧѧй׵ģܳΪѧߡѧߺѧҲвͬΪΪ
ҡҡͷŻһת£ǾͱϹˣֻһۣдĶǸͨˡ
ڵĵʦԺʿǰɣ
ϸոճ֮£֪ܳɵıΪԶĽǶȣһѧовͬǵѧһйˣȥ뵽
ܳɵıһλԺʿĻǾ˵ͨˣǸڵˣѾپڷ۹ڵǵˡ
Σ۵㡣
ǵģǾѧҽԺĹԪƽԺʿϸĸϽͣܿóԼĸ׶ܳɵϲĺѧ
ǰϣȻҲܳӣֻһۣ϶ȥ˵ԭġ
Ǹӣú˵ܹʡ
ҲǸϺصؿ
غúˣ˵һļƵɣ
ʲôƢǱܳɳ룬ͼĻ
غɲӦ
ûôӣĿǰûôӣĿǰ׼ĶӦΪһŵĿǣӦǽʲôİź͹滮
ҹϵ飬Ͳż˰ɡ
ҽһ飬֮һͿʼˣֻǵΪֹܴ򿪾ˣģ඼ûִ
ҽҪһѴ󵶵ġߣһڣʱͺðˣߣס
ÿǵȣѲһš
СߣȰæȥģͷϣһҲкʵݵĻܲܰһѡ˵
򲹳˵ϰ֣ܳħĿ⣬Ͷ缶ġĿǰȣҽԺҽԺʼҽԺڣ۽˹ǿƵǸרƵ㡣
Ȼһ⣬ǻɽҽԺĿǰ̡
⻰ǰܳɽģܳɲǲѧֺ޸ˡϰֿʵԵѡţ˽Ҳǿ֮һ
ţáĿ΢΢
иѣĶӡҪ˵ȥʱ
ϰ֣˵ˣҹңߣǣ̫㡣мƽϡ
ȥġ

ϣߵʮ
СߣȥСܡϺغɳϣ˲ܳɴߵʱ˶˶԰
õġ
һС
¥ܳɱ԰˵лл
Ұֵ׶ЩʲôѽǶȶһҪãҶеԴˡЩʡ
϶ܳдĶйأǣܳɵдʲô
һЩ뷨Բ𰡣ʵûֱ㸸׵˼ġֻǽ磬ʱһЩ˼·ҾͰֱ忴ˡ
ҲȤҺĹ滮˳һЩܳɶ԰Ǹ
ɫ΢죺ⱾͲʲô˵飬Ҳס
ҪĿ⣬ܴ͸¶һͦġ
йءܳû˵̫࣬⼸֣ȻðĿɿڴ
þò˵ܳתƻɢɢɣ̵̫ˣԵеš
һˣ𣿡ʡ
ܳҡͷһȥ̸̵˵ģѾҺ̵ĶҲħԺһʦ֣ǲʿ꼶ԼѹסԼûбҵ϶бȽ϶뷨
ȥġ
¡СƵĵ˵ͷƺʧӡ
ܳ˵һЩ滮кĽ棬ǺúѧĻʱ˵ûƸΪרҵŶء
ʱһص˵ͷá
ˣĳգһǲģԺҪҪ䷹ҰҲת˼
ɳеʱ򣬿ʱ䰲Űɡܳûܾ
һԷһǳ飬Ǿǣʱӵ˸ΪٷıѾһˡ
ƼίԱᣬط֧֣
ӡ
⣬Ҫܳɽ˵


ڶٰʮ 
ЩʣھԺǸ⣬Լô
ܳɵͷҡͷ㡣ûȫ̲룬˦ȥһָˣԼûȫ̵κһС⣬ȱʧܳ֡
ʵĴ󻷾ΣĿǰĻٴС̼ΪһģѧλѾȶܳȻҪֿԺԼʦ顣
ĿǰûʸҲҪⷽ׼
˶ʿ߲ʿʦ󣬻ҪóΪίԱ׼Լʵ߿̴äû߹
˱ǿܹ᲻ϸڣʱһⶼ᲻ǾеЦ󷽡
Լһ󣬹еٶΣ޷ֲġ
ǵڰĸףغ
ǰܳɣΪԼģõ˹ؼҪغ󣬱һ˳ʵϣʵʵʩУǻһЩ⡣
Ҳܳɽе˼һƫͷ˵ҲҪԼȥһСС
ƽŲٲ̫ſԡ
ܳԣ԰ȱż˶ʿ׶ѧϰרҵ׺˼·ʿʱԼЩһжȻȻ
ʵѧϰģʦͬ⡣
üͷһʣҪҪȥϺú˵˵Լ뷨ʵڲУͺ˰
ܳɿ˰һۣ˵⻰ĵγ˵ܾͲܣ
񣬻ԲᣬѧϰɼѧҵУٲÿٷĽ룬һУϵȷ
ǣһġ
ԪƽҲв룬϶½Ǭݵԭ
ƻվǼƻϲʵı仯ԼĿǰľ棬½ǬûκôܳɲΪѣԼԼ顣
ãѳѧϰʱ꣬Ҳ޲ɡ
⣬Ƽ򵥣ɣʵҲĶǣ½Ǭݻع飬϶Ҳ˵ҪܻģȻԼ֪ڡ
ǻǲģԺμӹҲֻǰ˼ѣչҪʼġ
֮ԼŶӣЩ˶
ܳɿЩĵݸһЦ˵˵䲻ĻڣйϺڲ࣬ԾЩ
⻰Ҵδ˵Ҳδκ˵
۾ȻɴԲϸϸܳм˼Լӣò״ϻֲ̫ˡ
Ժʿиǿĺܣ㻹ûڳ⣿
ĵж
ܳɵĿϣƽʵ˵һ΢ĻԵøʵ
ܳһٶಽζܳɻ˼
֮ǰôãȷ̫ϧˡĿеۡ
ܳһᣬߵڵĵزǸĻᣬµ˱ڸӿµĵز
ܳ⻰ЦЦ˵ʵҲͦãһиеģʵõİš
ܳɻ֪֮ģ츳ûеõĪ˵ڵĵزܹȶϾúãΪˡ
˲̫̰ģðʵж飬ÿһ̤ʵأȻԼ۽磬ѧøԶһһӡͲǺøԶ
˵Ҳôá
룬ʼΪܳɵַλĥڣҲкļˡ
󵽣δܳˡ
һʱ䣬ֲܳͰ¥£Ŵ뿪
ܳɲδôżȥҲ̶̶ĿǰֻǸҽʦˣǿҵΣ϶ܶࡣ
ǻص˲̶ķ
棬ϾΪԼĿ׼жҪΪҵ翪⣬ͬʱʼҵسﻮ
ܳδϾĽ飬ֲ߮һϾ޹ء
ĿǰĶϾǿиҪ飬ԶϾıҵӰ졣˷ѱʱ䡣
ȨϾֲһÿ˵ĵͬ
ǶϾҵѶȣϾһ㶫޲ɣڶϾҪʱʱ˷ʱ䡣
ͺñǶںԼԼҪҪˣܳҲûԼŶ
˿Լܹõ֣൱ˣ
ܳɴӦԼѧϰʱԭҪشԼŶӣǼٽˡ
Ŀǰõ˲ʿѧλѧΪʱ硣
ã̶մһѧѧúúõذʽѧҲаʱ䡣
ҲΪȤ֮ǰڴʱûǶϾϵʽԼ
ܳѰ˼һ󣬾Ͳͨĵ绰
һ绰Էֱӹҵˡ
٣Ƣ
ܳɾٲһ飬زŽͨ
ܳԼݣܳɵˬʣܳɣʦ֡
ԷɫԾø⣺
Ҳܿʦֺã
Ͼ˵ǵʦܣҸմħѰ˼ʲôʱ㣬֮ǰԵʱħ
пոʦһӣ𣿡ֱܳʣʦռȨ
û̫ᾭ飬Ժ֧֧һ󣬵ʦ֣ǸʵڻѾȷҪ¶ս˶ʿоˡ
ܳɾ͵û£ҶսüΡһģҸطԷܲҲɣ
ôڻδ£ͻҵʦܣΪʦֵģ涼ûͶԵ֡
˼ܳúܣǿ̶¡
ð̶úõһʦܣʦ棬ģͿˡ
ǣ
û뵽ܳôҪô򣺡ʦ֣Ҫҹǰɡ㷢λøҡ
ܳɾͺܿذϸַ˹ȥͬʱ˶Է΢źѣٷ˸λ
밲һܳ˯¡
գܳɻ밲һܣϾʹ˵绰
ܳɸ磬ȥˣʦˡϾ죬Щá
찾ҹڿף컹ϰ࣬ߵ㲻ֱӵ˼ſڣˣʲô԰
ãϻܳεҡҡͷ
ĸԣʵе׽͸ȨҪࡣ
ܳ¶ɬ˭
ʦ˶ʿʦţҪѧԼһ棬ھ͸ϹˣͲ֪ϹĻզġܳΡ
ƽһºסһѧȥ£ԿĲǣǵ̶ڵȷûʲôѧûÿڡ
Ǹҵȥһ⣬ܰɣȻпһ緹
ȻҴ壬ϻħȥܳɸ˵ԼĹ滮
ͷҲֻһܣջϼࡣ
ܳɴ򳵻ؼңϵĺû
Կ״ź󣬾ͿһеȣƤڵˣ˿ȻϾʲô
ܳŶϾϽ˵ܳʦˣĿǰĴʦ֣ҲǲʦһѧһʿоĿǰѾ뵽ǰҵ
һ㣬һ̴ͷ΢죬ɫԺڣ鶯ɨܳһк˵ʦֺã
ܳɵͷȻЬЦЦû뵽ô簡
Ͼ˵ڼְ߲Զһ˹ģûطȥֱˡ
ܳɫһ㶣ְ
Щ˼ЦЦš
ϾȥϰɣȥԸ緹ܳûͰԼ͵ԭ򣬾ڴˡ
ϾҪڿеֵҽ¼ҽɫȻͲˣҴҸ˿
ܳɻһͷ߳ʣµˢëҪҪϴһȥ緹
˿Щվɳԣʦ֣ˣҵȻȥϴͺˡ
ʦ֣ʵҳԷģѡսУͶʦΪǸӣʵû̫õİ취
㲻ϴĻȥԷɣ߳Ա˵ܳ߹ȥһıȻܵʮСкıʮֿ񣬿ƽûٸ
ͽһ͵꣬ܳɵһۣȴûгԷۣóһȻϰҲ֣˿ϵۣҲӦҪ
ܳʣҪʲôѴԺʦ˵˵δܹﵽ㣬ٿԸһΪο
ڼְô£
еǼСһ滹һһ㣬ˡ
ҰѰ˼ͲˣҪһȥֱӹ˵Ǹ˵һŲ£ʵԸȥ
úúô򹤣ѧѡ
ܳ˼һˣ
ʮˣҵʱѾʮˡҲ̫áͷૡ
ûҺʦ˵ʵԭԾһùȥɡǰοԼҲܹ˵ùȥɡ
ܳɰз˷ۣﰵŶͣͿʼԼˮΪܳ졣
и˵ľлܡ
ĸĿǰԼϰɣ㣬ܰæ𣿡ܳʡ
ǲϣôû취ÿ˶ԼģҲ㣬Ļǰ̣Ҳġ
ͷʲôǮͽǶûʲô飬ҵֶŮֶ
йʦ˵ʵ뷨ǻû˵뻹ˣʦԸ⣬ԼҲҽô⡣
ܳɾʹˡ
˶ʿô򵥵飬ҽѧھͶ˶ʿڼ䣬ڹѧȥ
ڵ⣬ȷǿ͹۴ڵġ
ܳʣڼְĻһܴǮ
ڻûȥμӿЩû취ȫְȫڣһиǧҺٵʱ򣬼ְЩԴ߰ǧ˵
ԼеǴĸϣϾҺ˽һң͹ѧˡģ취˶ʿڼӦûЩ˵Լİš
TMһ´߰ǧû磿
ܳ˵У֪ʵ˶ʿڼ䣬Լ£õѧУȫѧȻѧУĽǮϽĻûࡣ
ԺܹΪҹṩܺõĻᡣ
sciǺѵġұƵʱ򣬷һƪûǮֱֲʦ˵ѧʦ˵Ͳȥˡеء
ܳҡͷҿԸȥ˵˷Լʱ;ˡߣԳԵظһʱ䣬ʱ䣬ٶ
ã򹤻㣬飬òĻһ취һ㣬ô
û̧ͷͨǶȣԿԿ۾գƺе⶯ӡ
иѴ
ܳļ˵û£̫⣬Ѿúܺˡ˽ģǲТʱˣТ˳ʵʽδؾǸĸڲԶΣ߾ǰԼ˾ڸĸҰӡ
Լúһɣˣʱʱϵҡ
ѧϰĻᣬΪס
ҲȰ㣬ҲָԵͥȷвò˵Ѵû취飬ûȥǵûȥԺ˵顣
˵ŵʱ
ܳɵĵ绰ͻȻܳһȻħԺѦ޵½ڣĵ绰
ֱӣСܣܲܳħһˡ
Ժ鷳ˡ
̣ȴܼС
ܳ˼Ȼ˵õģѦڣҸҵļλʦ˵һϹ
˵꣬ܳɾϿԼת5k˵ʦܣǶħĻƱ
ҴϹȥһ̨Ҳ·Щˡ
һ˲ţʲԣܳɵ΢ͬĶն¾
ɵˣ·𱻳ѹһ㣬Կ¡¡졣
Ż濴Լʦ֣ʼ绰˵Ҫȥħһ˵ıҪԡ
绰Ž
ʱĵˡ
ܳɼɵţҡͷ˵û£ȳͣƱȰϢҡ
Ͽ꣬ǵʱ䲻ࡣ
˺ö໰ܳƭӣ˷ӣɶϾʶġ
ˣܳɷ˸Ϣ͵͵ظԼļλͬѧԼԼĸ磬һ̵ϢŬɷ
СĽ±Ƶġ
ܳûƽ̫࣬򳵸ȥϾʮӵ飬ߵʮĺǾŵʮ壬һ㣬üġ
Ȼܳɶ̶̼ӾͰѷ۸ͬʱȻǰһݵˣȻûҭס
ҲǸ˲š
ɷһ
ܳɴ߳ţԷɫãһߴ򳵣һ˵ʵǺǻ˵Ļ͸ǴѧĸԱ༭һϢ˵ϴѧҽԺоܳһȥħˡ
ܸ÷˰ɣߣ̶ʦ绰
С˵ʦ֣Ҳ˼
Ǿãһ˵ĻƱǮ֧֧ᡣ
û£͵ʦҴǼʶˡܳԼظ
¡
ܳ£ǣܹæģǶٰһΪã̶ʦͽ֮Ե
ܳҲȱ˵Ļǿ԰һġ
˵ãԺԼ׵һȽҪ
һö˴򳵸˻ڿʼǻǰûκģϵ˷ɻĻϣӺ󣬷ɻʱˡ


ڶٰʮ ֪η
ɻλĿգ˲࣬ܳɺһţȴˡ
еţ󱳽ס˺οܳɣ÷ɻһʱ
滺һʣʦ֣֮ǰӵĵ绰ǻ
ȥ𣿡
е̫ʵ
仹δʼһʦֱȥħ飬δЩ̫ںš
ȥ֪֮δػ̨ܳɴ˿ɫ壬һۣء
Ѧ޵ȻǸսӴǽڣһ̨ȫԴͨ鷳ľ飬ҲܹӦԡ
֪ĿǰɳУҪ绰ȥһ۵ĲˣƲܺá
Ŷ˵ͷٿ˵ɫɻЩš
ֻǣڿܳɵĿУЩΡ
٣Ŀǰԣܳû̫Ļڳ˼ʲô飬˽Щƭ·ȫ㣡
Խ½䱸ĵˣܾԽͼıȻҲųܳڹ㡣
Ѿϵ˼ˣܳҲûмҲʲô顣

ܿ죬ʵҲнСʱ
ɻء
ܳɴٳ»ʱѦ޵½ھ͵绰֪ͨˣڻţҵƺ
ԷһܳɣȻӹϳ֮󣬾Ͽˡ
ܳʣʦܲһ£Ѧ޵½ڣ
ҾͲ֪GʱոǸվڽ㵽һλãû˵ҪȥĸҽԺʦЩ˵
ţõģû¡ܳҲû໰
Է֪Լ֣϶Ѧ޵½Լģ˵֮
ܳɱĿҽԺһµǲֵطǶԷĻظ϶һ顣
ЩҽԺǱȽҽԺЩҲǱȽĲ
ֲҽԺûУϴѧҽԺͶҽԺеġ
һָͨ׵˵ǣ߸ɲ
˵ص֮ܳɱ˳žͿһˡ
ʼҽԺ½ڡ
´˿űվĿĵأܳһ³㿴ˡ
ܳ³֮˵СܣҴ㡣
˵ֿ꣬ʱüͷ΢΢һ壬ֹͣ˵
ܳæ˵ڣλʦܣոѦڸҴ绰ʱһ͡Ծһˡ
ħʼҽԺƵ½ڡֶܳܡ
ʦáӽš
˵СܣȹȥɣҪȥĵطʦСδܽȥ
ðɡܳȷʵǰû뵽һ硣
Ҳû˵ܳһ񳵣ߣаƺܳѾȫ𲻳ˣŵͣͽȥˡ
·ϣѦ޵½ڹ֮ͨ󣬻Ǿ˳ϣȣֻܳһȥ
ܳΣ˼䣬һ˳
³֮˾˵ˣҽҪҪһȥҸطϢһ£ҽԺڲи
ˣʦҴӦէز죬±ˡ
ת˺üγ
ҽ㲻ýţֻǸ˾ȥüƿˮɣڳϢһ
ҽͼλڣҪһ
áŵֻԥҪҪ绰ȥ
ѾʱԼʵʱλ

¥ʱܳɲʣڣεĲˣȽⰡ
֣һݣڶǲ顣
Ƚ⣬Ҫ⡣
˵һϸɲҪһܹ֮ߣμһαȽҪķƶ
λǱȽʵµģȻûʲôǾ֮࣬󣬻һֱΪƶߡ
˺ЩطôһͷʱԣϣԼҪȱϯɫ֣ء
λô˵ģܳɼʡ
ʱ򣬲СĲȻˣˤģȥ˵ҽԺ˵Ҫͬ⣬תħȻ
ĵطЩƫԶͨҲ㡣²δ
ɹǴ¡ۣ󣬵һһҽѦ޵½ں;ǽڡڿ֮󣬾Ϊ鷳
ϸյħǾͿ취Ҳ֮󡣡
ô˵ֵѦҲͬˣŴ绰
ðɣһһλֵصҲǷ
ĻôԴΪôбĵزȻҪҲȨ
ɽ֪ܳܶطƶǳ
ͣܳʣɱǾʮˡ
ʮ壬ƽ廹ӲʡתɡԣĻ⣬Ҳǵġ˵
Ȼŵʲôģʮĸ䣬ܹԤЧӰأǰ
¡ۣܶôӣѦ޵½ڶԣ⡣
ֻǴͳǴпڵģٲҲڶڶڹ̶ȻҲܹʱվϾнпڡڶڴ¡۴ڱʽвͬƣʲࡣ
ܿ죬˾ͻϴ£ڡ
ֻңƽռΪͬÿһԱߣһȽܱյĿռ䣬۵ġ
߽󣬾ֱܳɽĳ˵ƵԵļ򵥻ҡŲˣȫɫϴºϴֿ㡣
ڣǡѦ޵¡ߺԼ⼸ܳɲʶˣͶѾΪСˡ
ܹôλҲһ˰
߽ܳ¾͵˵Сܣǰļˣȥһɡ
áܳɵͷȻ΢΢ʦ΢΢ȭʾ⡣
û˵Ǿֱ˲
һ
Ա֮⣬Ϣȫ֡
ðɣܳɵһμĲᣬһֲʷ¼
ֲʷҪˤ֫ޣļʷҲΪ򵥣ֻиѪѹδʵ
ǰļûʲô⣬ѪѹƵñȽϺã˶Σһһ֮䣬ûָ֢֢ƫߣϸرߡ
ȻƬƽƬCT֮ܳɫһ
֪ΪѦ޵½ڵˣ΢Щˡ
ۣе͵İֻǵĴ¡ۣ˹ɹǾǽӽ˹ɹǵжΣǳбιۡ
ٿCTãҲûйȱ𣬾ǹе㳬Сппλڹ̶ҵ㡣
Ѱ˼ܳɼ꣬Ѧ޵½ڱȿڣ侲СܣƽϣǷʺСппλڹ̶
ܳתͷҡҡͷĳͣСппλڹ̶̶ǼΪѵģڹ̶еٷɶĿԺܸߡ
ĻԴͳĹ̶ʽټ߸˿һЩ
Ѧ޵½ڱ΢΢һ֣ΣҲˣܳԿ˺ҲǾСппλڹ̶ķսϸߣԣǵǣȡͳĹʽȽϺá
֮ǰҲԹһΣ̶ЧҲˣҲʵΪˡ
֣ڵˣԱ̾һˣѦڣҲСҽƣһˣԴɳиϹ
ҪΪ⣬ȻѦڡڻкڵΪһ£Ҳֻȥ벡˵ļһˡ
ˣ֣ΡѦ޵µ˶Կ֮˵
һ֣ɫ̫õ˽Ϊ֮ɫ
Ѧ޵¼֣ɫɫ΢΢һݡ
ҽҼ˲˵İˣв˵ĶӣǶһΣ˵˵ⱲһαԸ
ǰܻḶʲôĴۣԸһԡͷ𣬵ȼϣ֮Ҳʱ򣬰·ˡ֣˵
ͲҸһôôҪ飬δؾҪ¶аѦ޵ʵԸܳΪðһΡ
Ҳֵôļǻָ˻ʱһ£ֱûˣֵá
֣ѹ˵ѸߣӶˣҲûд
Ҳ˶ֵģкܶҪ֣δͶʵ˾ԸŽֵ˰
ܳԣɫһ
⣬ΪС
֣ʣСҽôǣ
ܳ˵ܹߣҲڿɹǴ¡󣬻Ǿֱ֫ĺá
ңķǺܴģڻ᳡һκ⣬ҽʩ׼㣿
鰡ܳʵе㴥ˡ
ʮĸ䣬ѾҪʲôˣⴿ׷
ʮܹ꣬õ˵Σ߲δλʱ򣬿϶ĵĵġ
Щգܹǵģÿ˶ԼѡҲԼҪ顣
СҽаյĻҸˣܹ档
ҸˣҼˣ֪֮֮λôڶʵҸ˽ԵΪ˵ҡ
ţ̨ĽУһ̶ȵزҸ˶ԹڣȻҾͲ̨ˡ
ܳԣ֣С
һоͶܽ͵ͨˣΪѦ޵»Ҫ
ĵطô鷳ĲˣôҪΪҽԺڲ֣ΣҪȥ
ǣѦڣǾٿٵĥһɣһ·ʽĽ飬λʦһһ¿ԡ
˰οߣֻҽ˵Ĳ͸˵һ̶ϣǸ˵ѡǿԸеӦգܳɾƱ
Σֻֿܳܶظף
Ѧڣһ£ڵп·λã
ɹǴת1cmԼ18cmѦ޵¾׼λá
ܳ˼άת˵ͷãǾͼȡλãǵʽ΢һ¡
ǰ˵Ĺ̶ѵǣ߹ڹ̶ȵҪһЩ̶ĵߣԼе
磬ÿ룬ڹɹǴ¡·1cm18cmڸֶڹ̶ĺᴩø˿ɵһι̶
Ȼüӳڹ̶е¿롢жι̶Ȼӳеٽеι̶
һ
̶֮һṩһ̤ΰɣʺϹ۲´
λʦʲôܳɽ꣬ܡ
ǡߺ͡Ѧ޵¼ֻǴ㵣ˣ֣ڣŴͣԲ۾
ܳɽģ
ܳɵĹ̶˼·޷ǾǴͳڶڹ̶Ӹ˿ڹ̶壬ǣǽϣڿŵ״̬½еġ
պ£Ҫɸ˿ǰε
磬ôأ
֮ڣ֮⣬۸ֵͣ
Ѧ޵½ڣǼʶܳɵĲģˣѦ޵µ˵ͷع̶ѾǴﵽڹ̶ʽĶˣǳ⣬Ǿûõİ취ˡ
ͬСܵ
Ҳͬ⡣Ǻͺߺͷ׷˵
λΪĴж˵ˣҲͲҶ˵ˣֻǵͷȻ߳ʱĻҡ
̨ѣҪɵܹµأٲ֢ĵزˡ
ֻǣСܣȻ˵Ǻһ
֪η


ڶٰʮ Сܣⲻѧ
ܳڣһĥһ̵ϸ
۵ĹУ֣ε˶ûô⣬ܳһڳϷѦ޵½ڶܳɵΣȻСппλڹ̶ܳɡ
ˣǺߺͣǾǣ֣εˣû
ܳ˵һ󣬺֮ǰǾõģһЩ֮ڣ֮һЩ̣Ȼܳʮطʽ˳
Ѷȵʽ䱾ӣøˣôһͻûܹ̤뵽ȥ
һЩҲǿԽвģIVҲǿ𽥲֣III࣬IIֻ
ΪѦ޵֮⣬ڶܹСппλڹ̶ĽнڣзȨҲ֪ѵġ
ʣСܣ˼ǣܹƳĹʽͲֻҪ߶λʣָѶȵʽʵԱȽϼˣ
ʽͲ򵥵ľǿΪȻ󶨵ݶ
Ȼĸ֡ʽ
ܳɵͷ˵ǵģڣĿǰģСппλڹ̶Ӧʵһ޶ȵġֳߵĹۣͲӦ֮ڡ
ЩҪһƵġ
ܳɵĻ˲þǺͺߺͶ
ڵܹӦߺȿʡ
ӦûʽĿչ̨ӣ𽥳ܳҲûѻ˵ﰵ⡣
·Ҫһһߣ߮缸ӸĺöһӾܹȫųģֲɵӡ
ʣСܣǲǣʵѾ˱ȽȫĹ滮ˣֻ֮ǰδѰ
ܳɳĬδ
۱պϸλʯ̶ͶԴͳĸְݶڶڹ̶صе˾һȽϴĳ
ԼֻǸˣǹٷ϶ܹԹߵķʽǿʲô
һӾͰй۵Сппλڹ̶ӦųƵñ·ߣǾǱƵùǽ
Լ
˲·ɱ˸ĸһӰ˵֮Ǿ
һӰѱѹסûܹ֧¢ϵʵ
ڣ̫߿ˣЩٴУȽϳĲ֣ʱϹĥһ¶ѡܳɲԴΪѾҹԴ
Ѧ޵֪ܳɲ⣬СܣڣǻȰĺģڽ̨֮ϰɡ
Сܣո˵ЩʽǿԼ򻯲ģĿǰ̨ûֹʽģǸûйʽ£̨øãҪעһѵ㰡
ߡ
ֹӣһо
ܳɵߣܳһѦ޵½ϴ֣һʣѦڣIIIûİɣ
ÿҽǽڻǸڣڶִҵ
ִҵҪĿǰִҵл㱨ġ
Ѧ޵½ԣЦЦЩԭ⣬֣ο϶֮ǰйǵģͷİɡ̵⣬Ҫǵ⡣
ӣʲôӵģԺλˣҲκͬӴ
ԼƲȫȻ˱һ
һΣӲˣ˵Ժ˭һ£ʲôЦ
һж׼
˵ңܳٴȷһԼλѦڡڡڡ֣Σ̨ʱûйʽҾ˰
СܣҲܺ棬ûйʽ²ġǶûаգȻֻˡǻһ䡣
̨֮ܳǰ·ѾãӦһûɵʽġ
ܳûãǴһ·ţܳɾΪһѦ޵£Ҫһſ롣
ϸشһۺÿ붨λһ´ŵĹԵܳδвǼСпרõڹ̶еԭеĿӣ˷á
˵ɡަеǻ󣬲δֱӿʼϵĹ̶
һηβܡ
ܳɾ͵Ϊ˱͸һΣλɡ
ܳ⻰˶ʼδ
ʽǰٲ͸һΣڳ
˳˸䡣
ܿ죬͸ӽˣ߶λĺãӦѦ޵»ǾǽڵַλüãǰĹѿ̶ȿҪϵöࡣ
˲½ңѦ޵ʣСܣոô͸һΡҪʲô
ѦڣҪΪ˶λͶ򡣡
ҸհѿڵλãôžƽԵλá˼Ȼ룬ҪƽԵԵ
ҪݾǣҪߵбǣԼҪõСпڹ̶е³ȡ
ҲҲڹ̶еǰ̶ԭ򡣶ҪһᾶΪõĹ̶ʽǣѿ򵽹£ڹ̶еܹպÿԽλá
ܹﵽõĹ̶Чܳһ˵һ߾ֿʼ
Ѧ޵½ڵ˶ոܳݵʱ
ֻܳɾȻѾǲ˵ڹ̶еһ
ǣ˿̣ܳɲδɽڹ̶еſץסڹʵĲڱȱȻš
ΣѦ޵ºȻӦʣСܣ㲻ţͨäڹ̶еǸȥɣ
Ѧ޵Ǽʶڹ̶еĽڣˣṹΪϤģУɡަṹĵٲһĿףһֱû׵ʲôô
ǣ˼òƣףܳǰ˵ġ
ܳʵڹ̶еʱ򣬾Ѿ뵽˳ߵĹ۵Спڹ̶е
ôɡަṹУһЩΪ֣״Ƿ񣬶;
ܳһЦǵģѦڣʵǽڶڹ̶УõеʽԴ⣬ݶäڶݿ֮С
ֻڻûƺöѡܳɻظ
ҲûԣͨļˣƤȻ󴩹㣬ֱﵽ⡣
Сппλڹ̶ѡڹ̶еҪڹϷ2cmм䲿λĳȣһ㲻5cm
ڹ̶евĿףһǷм䲿λˣѡĽ벿λڹ·3cmм䲿λĳԽԽ󡣡
۶϶ߵĹʱԽá
ܳһ˵ţһ߾ֱõ꣬ȻֱӳŹɹǰѿ˽ȥһ·˹ɹǴ͸Уȫû͸ˡ
ܿ죬˹ǻһڱڡ
ʲôܳҪôǿԽɡަڹ̶ɡѣҪôǴǸס
ô׼ؾǡܹǸλҲ̫
˼˰ɣ
ܳҲûеһʱѴĿ͸ӣǲͬķѵڶͬ˽ȥ
͸һλ
ͨCXߵƬԿôڹ̶ǸףƫС
Ƕ̾ԵĿƣ
УһЩȽϷḻߣäһĽṹ˵ֱӴ򵽹ɹǴתӣǾ顣
Ҫ̶һȥ׻ģͲǾܹõˡ
̵ֲͬҲΪ
ڣ
ܳɲδΪЩǼ˵Ϊڵһ͸ӵʱʮƽˣУȰڹ̶е̶
ܻбйбжλʧܣҲСппλڹ̶ڹ̶һȽϳĵط
бй۵ʱҪ൱ע⵽һ㡣
ǺᴩȺй̶ͿԱ
бдڻһƺܴ
ܳɼбйۣĿƽй̶޷ﵽ̶ЧûҪڹ̶ڹ̶еķ̶ҸոѾ˵мһ𡣡
˿̣ٴڹ̶ɡަ̶װãͲٵ¹۵ƫˣǰַλͼãˣڼѹ̶
ǽ˼ѹݶԭڡ
ܳһ˵һ߰ɡަڹ̶װõɡܳſ뵽˹ǻ
ǵڶ̶װãǷֹһ̶ȵǰҴλΪǶ̶ȫſ״̬£ÿԲǻ
⻹ǻҪ׵ĸ˿̶Էֹ෽λǽƹǹ۸˿̶
˵꣬Ϊ֤Լۣܳɾ͸һΡ
͸꣬Ǳ㳤̾һѧãƳ³¡Сúð
ʤ
˶⣬ܹҵõο£ٽãƳ³¡
мҶϤڹ̶ʽΪοһȻȻ
ѹݶƹǹпλ롢˿ڹ̶ϤϤˣǾʽʷε֤ġ
ǰЩʽЩۣʵճСİЩ͸ˣܹ
С֪ܶʶϵͳճ̶ȣѾǵһľˡߺҲ˵
ţֵǿĿǰеĿ⣬ˡ
˵⣬ߺ;Ͷܳɿ
ԼǸɵѧû⣬Ǳܳģζġ
֪ܳԼɣҲԼģֻǸһѡ
վռ˱ˣԣллʦллڿ佱
һʵѾԽˣǣΪ˱ǻҪһ˿
ܳɽת˻⣺ǻԾĻҪ´ôذѹ̶ãǱ顣
ҪҪоԵĹ̶ĻֲЦܹôؾȥμʲô
֣ԾͿڵСҽˣĻô죬ҿ治֪Ǻˡ
ÿһȻ򵥣ʵ϶ǾĶǵģ޷ظˡ
Ѧ޵ҡҡͷ֣ΣǲҪظ˰ɡ
ҽѧżѦ޵£ǾǣܳɣһοѡƷȻʮ׵ĴͳƷʽ
׷׷ȣҽƵΪҪ
֣ԼټϲԼҪһ̨Сппλڹ̶Ͳʽչ
ô취ΪǺķӵô
֣ҲǸˣȻѦ޵˼Ѧڣ´ξԲٳˡ
̨˼·ȻǽǲѶ֮вͿǹһ񣬼ǳɹԼҪеַա
֣ȻԼס˷գ淢ʲô飬Сппλڹ̶ƹ㣬Ǻܴ谭
棬֪жϣܹҳСппλڹ̶ʽȱݣȻΣó֡
ֻ񣬻ЧܡʽӲŶѡ
ܳɲΪǽؼ˵ĸ˿
ֻܳɽ˿ǰһ״ڵ״ŽԶ뵽С
Ĥ⣬ż⣬ܳҪģָ˿ƹһȦһĲѶȣҲǺġ
п״̬£ø˿ȻҪڹʽĸ
ֻܳȴ׾ٵͬš˿һأѸ˿˽ȥȻ·пڴȻܼ򵥵ؾͰѸ˿ͷȡ˳
״Ѧ޵½ڣͷƤˣϵļ⣬⽩Ӳ
βѶߵһäڹ̶еǸ棬ҪѶȸߣǱΪܳɻỨѺܶʱ䣡

ƺô¡
㶣Ǹֱץסܳɵ֣СĶһСܣ
ⲻѧ


ڶٰʮ ʢ֮ʵѸ
ǷһʵϰҷµĴʵϰҲǼһµ˵еȴֱץܳɵ֡
ڵܳɣûõĻ롣
ʵܳɵĲԷѽ⡣
ܳɵ֣ʮƾǵĽգ˿
ߺ;վ˾ԣȻҲǾĪҲĬĬҲץס˾ǵһ¡
ﰵ˵ڣȻǴѧ鳤ҲǴƺеλĽڣԺʧ̬е㲻̫׵ġ
ϸ㣬ôֱȥץ֣ҽ¹ˡ
֣κѦ޵Ҳ˾ǡ
Ǻ֪ĬĬɿԼ֣ĿȻ۽ܳ
ǶϷúħҪġ
ɹܣŸָļ֯㣬пλʱҪƸ˿Ҳÿʽ⻹ֻһȦ
Ȧ͵ؾֱӴ϶µתͷ
϶˵ȥİùܵ֯ʲô
ܳ룬˿ܶڴɫ͵˵ڣܱǸ⣬ڲش𡣡
Ѿɿֵľգգۡ
ǲ˵
δ֣Ҳҡ
ܳɣֲֻǸ򵥵˶ʿоˣҲǸ򵥵Сҽǻ⣬ʵǿҽѾǶܹѷɫ֮ˡ
ܲܲͿˣٸʵף˭ã
һֲҪҪͣνͣ˭ֱصġ
ܳһĲ˿ĲҪһģΪ˿Ҫ˵ΣҪ֪ԭʲô
ǰ
ܳɲǿԼʵõ˹ϵϿɣظһСппλڹ̶ٴ⡣
ǺߺǱߵ½⣬Ҳܳǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ĻϣܳȻѡ񲻴ԿĻ
ܳɾ룬أڣǻʱǻǼɡ
ߺҲæ˵ڣĹؼ̨Ҳ׷ѧۣٳʱ̽ɡ
ĿǰǾãСܵĲǼΪ˳ɻӰ޹ػ⣬ͲҪ˷ʱ˰ɣ
ȻᱻܳɡˡڰæǮɷϵһǣܳʵʵڵذп˼·ָġ
һ˿͹۵ĸߣߣûǵãȻջǶܳɸķƹ㡣
ٴӰ죬ȻǾ޴ġ
Ѧ޵´֪ܳʲôҲͿڰǻڣСҪ˵ĻҴ֪ô£ȷǻʱ򣬲˵
ǿ˽ġ
Ǹðˡߺ͵ĻǿԲǣѦ޵µĻһ̶ȵشħԺ
ܳħԺҪٸʵףֵܵλ֮ĺгϵٲڱάֵĺгϵ
ʵѾӽβ
ܳɰѸ˿ƶпΪ̶㣬γɶε̶ο
ǯӸš˿˺͸һΡ
Կ߱˿סˣλʾ˿ʱ棬ڿ϶֤ûмס֯֯ܽ뻵
Ȼ˴˸˿ĲжˣҰѲжСĵ뵽֯ڣٰѿβҲϡ
ˣ͸һΣ۲жߵ£һжǡôѡ
ܳǳŻ߻ʱ򣬰ѻ֫ҵؽлζ
ʱζ֫ڷۡζǲǲе
֮ԻҪϸ̶Ǳķ
˹۲⣬ּ򵥵Ĳ壬Ҳȷ۹̶ȶ̶ȵһҪʽ
ܳôŪǰ˶ŵùǺ
ҲԲҿڣ֮ǰܳѾͨСҽ¼̨ܹ֮еֵزȫܳɡ
Ļֻܹͳڹ̶ʽסԺʱȻҪӳ
ܳӵIVʽȨܳǵһʽȨĲߣ㣬⡣
ܳ󣬲ŻһĿǰ۵Ĺ̶Ϊġ֣Σ˶۶δɶӦһ̶ȵرڹ̶еɶķˡ
´еðգ죬յĸ´ûġ
ܹƵ֮ǰźõĻ飬òһжΪءȻ
ѣô֣ϵҸǸ绰ʱǱ߻͹һȽΣʵҲԳ߸
ҲǱȽϺõһ߸װãתΪۡؽû߿ƵģĿǰȻý׶ΣΪ⸨װãѾٴý׶Ρ
֣ԣ̨˿
ʰ˿ڵ飬Ȼ
ͬʱǵҲǷ׷˿̨
֣Ⱥ뾰ǡߺ͡Ѧ޵µֵлȻֲ֣ص֣ܳСҽҴˣҲʾֿл⡣
һҪһȥļ⽻ġ
Ѧ޵ԣҲǴߴٵСܣȥ֣Σɡ
֣ܹܳλļһĺ飬λɲһģ硢̽磬вλ
ܳһ£ҡͷܾˣ֣Σллĺ⣬ˡҽ治㣬Ҵɳдʦܣҡ
Ƕ˼λʦʦߣбȽҪ飬ҵȥһ¡ȻĻҵʦܱҴħ֮ʦҵġ
ܳȻΪһ̨ǵ˶͵εԼ顣
ϵ˭ڶԣʵûбҪôרעȥӪȻȫŰԼʦǡ
ǶԼȶٷչȣԸҪЩ
ҡڽ׶ΣܰԼͶһԺԼʵµˡ
ĲʦѦ޵¶һ䡣
šܳɵͷ
Ѧ޵Ҳ̶֪ģ֪СҽΪܳɵԵʡ
֣ΣȻ˵ĻҾȥСܣȥ벡˼ٶཻһѦ޵ٴΰܳ˵ˡ
֣νŲԥɫҵСܲУʱ䣬Ҳôһ㡣
ҲһȥɡǺͺߺͶ˶ǿѦ޵£ҪѦ޵µĻ١
ǣ˾ͶȳŸҶȥ
֣û·ܳɡѦ޵µˣԼı¡
֣һ˫Ьףһ·͵˵ͣҳ˵ݣԵ˵Сܣһεѣֱߴ򿨵ģˣѦڣҾͲˡ
ܳģȻУеҲһ¡
лл֣Ρܳɵл
Ѧ޵¾ͽˣ֣ΣɲذСǽģ˵صĻƱסޡʳ޷ãøĻǵø
ɲ۸Сᣬ£Ͳ˰Ѧ޵һЦ
֣εȴǶģȻѦᣬҲ뵽ˣһСҽԿġ
ͿСҽôţǿԵġ
ܳæ˵֣Σұʹĩħģⲻǰ˼ѣͲˡ
Ѧ޵ܳһ£ЦСʵϡ
֣Σɣ㻹ҪæǾˣҲһ¡
ҾͲԶˣ飬лλڣСҽˣĩĩһԱԴࡣ֣¡
Ҳλ֪֮˾æϻ˵ݣ϶ȥ
ܳɳݿڣ֮ǰ̨
СܣȻôţֻɳУǾħˣѦ޵ܳȥ
ҰʦܴˣǻҪͻȥģǼʶģû뵽䶼ûȥ
ӦûҪ죬ħɳлһЩҪȥܳɻص
ħ⣬ɳлҪ찲һ¡
ãǵȻһԸȺʦһתתҺͺ뾰ڣ졣
ҵȻ֪ͨʱ͵صɡѦ޵¾ܳɵס˺ߺ뾰ǡ
һСϳɡǽ顣
ϾܳҲƹѵģеҪеġ
ڡѦڣòãԼȥͺˡ
æԼģԼҵطȥһȦܳæ֣ȻСķ
ǿģôġ
ܳô˵Ѧ޵µ˻ܳɵĳԣܳ˳Ѧ޵½ڻ˵СܣȻǵÿϢһԷ
ܳҲֻҡ³أллѦʦ
Ȼ󳵾Ϳˡ
תûתѦڣոһʱС˵в˵Ļʲô
ߺҲͶĿ⣬ڴ񣬺
Ѧ޵µתһȦŲúǳڣܻۡӰ̫󡣡
ʺͿ⣬СҲżһ֡ԣ鷳ںͺڣذæ⡣
ʢֻ¡
ˡѦ޵΢΢ȭ
Ѧ޵¶棬Ǻͺߺ˶ŵһ
ܻۣСȫȻǻĶðѹ񲻱˵
̫
Ƭ̺󣬾֣˵ѦڣСԼͷʱ棬䲻ţһȫ
Ѧ޵㶡
ߺ͵˵Ѧ޵ﻰҪ
Ǽװûֵܵλڲ顭
ߺ;ˡ


ڶٰʮ زȥˣ
ϣֻһˣ¿ܳɵĵʯͷ˵ء
ܳϳݸܳһƿˮȻĿ˸͸˺ӾѦ޵µˣʣʦ֣Щǣ
شģܳɣǿʦ
λֱǾڡڻѦڡǽڣħҽԺǿƵĴΣĿǰҽѧᣬѧ鳤
ߺͽǻɽҽԺƵΣѦ޵½ħԺĽڣ֪Ĵڣʵǿǿġ
˵꣬˾˵ҽʦܣ˼
λʦôƺͨڵĻ֪ܳ˾ҲǹǿƵĴҵԱ
ջƣҽԺСΣҽԽһƸ磬ʵڿ˳ۣһСҲСͲʮӣͦһˡ
ʦ֣ǻάʦ䡣
ܳɾˣΪҪƸ磬άˡ
Ƹáʦûʲô鷳ɣܳæʡ
ûУС˼ء㲻֪ɣǴϷְܴҵģǰμӹмսܾˡ
άܳһ¡
ܳɴתʦܻı£
Щæ͵ʦ֣ѧ֮󣬾ˣٸˡ
Ҳǹǿ֮һʯˮƽǰɣάһ
ܳԱ˵Կֱ
ܳɶְҵų⣬ͱ߮磬ҲС˵Ұ
ҲֱֻϷˣż㵥Ӵ򣬵ʱ䲻̶ˡʵͽػء
ҲǣֱĻֱʱ̵̫ĻûʲôڵġֱҲܳԶģֻܳ
˵ֻмҲûнĿЧġ
֮ܳǰǼԱȽ϶ֱֻ֪࣬ʵܹƴȥġ
СҲǸйµˡ
Ƹ磬鷳ǵ·ϷͣλðɣҺʦȥߡܳɾͶԻά
⸽ҪҪȥߣάʡ
ɡ֪ܳȻѦ޵ѡԷĵط϶Զȥ˽ߣٹʱͳˡ
άϿתƣ˸
³֮άлܳɾͿΣƺħ⣬ûħĳƵġ
ܳɾ˵߾Ļо룬ԿܻȲɳеһЩطĴǺܷġ
ң˺ܶ࣡
ͷǺʣʦ֣죬ǹģ
Щ֪ˣķѶȣͭˮ̶﷭򲻵λļʻҪͺܶܶࡣ
ǰɣҪһȽĲˡʵ֪츳ܺá
һ֮ǰǾ仰ֻΪǮ⣬Ǽ˵Ļͺúú̸̸ʵʵȶ飬һʱ⡣
ñ飬׬٣͸øȥȥұعƣ츳϶û١
ʦңʵҲûʲôҵףҲáܳš
ҧҧȽϺص촽ͷ˵лл㣬ʦ֡
ǣʱ򣬶ħҲҪһħ𣿡ɳܲסħĻѣոǸάһ档
˵ĴͰ棬ʮ顣
ʮ׵Ĵڿ˰
ʱɳУһɳһЩģҾȽʺϡң̶ʦƺܿͻ᲻ǰҽԺְˡ
ȥϴѧҽԺְƽ̨ǽӴ棬ʵ飬û̫Ĳ𡣡
ʦҲǲܳɾԼбҪࡣ
㵣ʦҪȥϴѧҽԺǰҽԺ𣿡
Ϊͷβ̶ҪȥϴѧҽԺ
ôģ
ܻߴߣˮʹ㲻ùܣֻҪ֪¾ͺãʦȻǰڰҽԺȻƾԼŬ
ܳĬĬİԼִԼ
ϴѧҽԺȥְڵҪסϽʦǿ϶ûġܳɵ
ʦ֣ûоòʦáٴν͡
ܳɾûټ⣬Ȼ˵ʵѧĶܶ࣬ѧ˶֮󣬿õĵطҲ١
ǹңҽѧĸ߶˲ţǼΪȱģÿҵԿó㻹Ǻ뷨ģԲҪˡ
úѧʣʱεĸܿõĻرȵʱ򣬿Ŭδػлر
ʱŬɾˡ
ţصͷ
Ĳ˵ͽ£۳󣬸ʦ⣬϶ġ
Ѧ޵ҲȻûܳɵȺܾãܿ͸ܳɷ˶λ
ֻѦ޵½һˣǺͺߺͶڡ
ܳһѦ޵·ǳΥĵ˵Сܣʦţһ˲Ű
ͣԼһ˲йϵ
һİӡ
Ѧڣʤ绹мλʦ֣Žһ˲ţѦ޵ҪܳҲ͸˵£˵ĻֲûǮ
Ѧ޵֪Լ⣬ͻһתʣСܣʲô㣿
ܳħܳȥ˾֮Ѧ޵¾õ顣
Ȼ˵һʦͿ
ҲңϸϸʦһЩţԶġֻǣѦ޵ѾȥʲôελãôٴÿУÿ⣬ӵ顣
Ǹϣܹܳɶһ
ֻܳͻأּõʿѧλ϶ɳдһʱ䣬ƳٵһЩ뷨ǰţܲʲôͲʲôˡ
Ѧʦұ㣬ħ·ݵģȻֱȥ
ҿµǰȻɳһʱˡҵǴ£ʦ͹ʦðƸ񣬸ȡᣬҲܷŹ
Ӧûɳжһʱ䡣ѦʦҪĻһǻʱħġ
ɳħҲ൱顣ȻҵǴ¡
Ѧ޵Ͼһڣ˽˵⣬ܳɻҪģһܹõ뷨϶Ҫܵġ
Ѧ޵һ̾벻ʲôܾܳɻɳС
СܣҪʲôæĵطǼǿṩһЩģδֺܹȫõĵġ
ʱСҪؼа
Ѧ޵µ㵽ֹ
ܳɵİź͹滮Сппλڹ̶ַλٴ⣬϶ֻܳɴһ
ܳɵʺʹϻۣܹ֯ؽ޸Ŀ⣬󷽷ظ˺ߺᣬ϶ǲȱ˼·ġ
ܳɵҰҲܴҪ߸ۣҪڻԼĴ£ģ϶ŵ
Ĵ⣬ܳҪæ߽߱ǽǣҲ˳ɣֻϣĺ飬ˡ
ȻѦ޵û˵ΪܳʦţǷ˹ԪƽͲ̶˵ϣܳľԺ
ܳɳ˿ˣʦʦ
Ѧʦллĺ⣬һᾭģڽͨҲܳ˵
ţʽ뵽˲Ļڡ
Ϊ磬¿£ûȾơ
ģǹϾСΧ˵иĶУ
ϣܳɾʹ㣬תһת
ȥںʵȥҽѧ򣬲̫һĵط
ǡ
ܳɺ˵ʱȨȻһ绰
ܳɸ磡ɳ𣿡ȨС
ҽһ̨ħˣɳˣܳʡ
ûء
˵ĻȻɳһ˰ɡ
ʦĸף·ϣˣʦĸ׵ĹǻҸˣȨУ֡
ȥʡС
ɶܳɵеõΪֹĿ
֣̲ˣʦˣ˵Ǵ㽫̵֣Ĺǻڻɽ²ʲôشȨæ
֣ݰ̵Ĳ֪ܳ飬ǰʣµˣǺúñһӦûм갡
²
ƣô뵽֣ݵĹǻҸأңTMǶԳҪİ
ף
ˣ
԰ϴθʦ绰ʱʦ̵֣״̬õİܳɳǰҲǰ죬ŷ顣
Ȩ͵ͷֿͷܹͨ绰ܳɵĶ
Ҵ֪ôˡ
Ҵΰ£Ҫʦ绰ˡʱ򣬹ܹοʦģֻʦˣʦš
ܳɸ磬ȻɳаɣѾھĻˡȨ˵ţҶϵ绰
ܳ͵ۿصĴһԼԿǡ
һ䣺ܳǸɵţҵĻ֣ƨ°
ôûԹʵתְأ
ܳʵпǹʵУֱǿƣֱȥڿƻƣûпܻת֣ݰ̵Ĳ
ûпģת䣬еĸȫתڿƻθƵĸ
һԣɹ
ʧ̫󣬶һﲻˣɲתת顣

ܳһֱԥ
Ļ֮ǰɳУ֣ûܹݳɹһĻɹˡ
ܳɴ˿״̬ر𲻶ԣһ䣺ʦ֣û°ɣ
ܳҡҡͷųͣһվ
ܳɾ˵³ȥȻٻɳС
ܳɵʮͲܾȻ֪ʲôܳڵͱ飬е㺦£ľȻ˵ͷõģʦ֣Ʊɡ
֮ǰܳɾ͸ǧƱʣ࣬໹Ʊ
ܳԥãǸƴһ绰ȥ
绰ؾȻͨˡ
Сܣ˰ɣ绰һͷƵȻʮˬʡ
֪ܳƵ飬¾Ƶ״̬ǿʣڣܳƵԿǳʲô⡣
߶ˡʦû°ɣܳСʡ
£Ҳ֪˰
û£ĸߵʱû̫ʹ࣬ţһȥǣңҪǿЩ
Ҳ֪ԭÿθʹҲʹǿ˺ü¡
ûֳǲʣʵҲǽˡ
˵ţ΢еȻһŰ黺˹
ոȨǶҴ˵绰ȨҪϹȻɳˡҲսˣħ
ҲħɣҪɳˣҹħˡһһš
ܳɳƬ̣أʦɳлһЩҪʱϻħģԾͻҪȥ
ͻȥɡҾרΪҵϻͲءħһۣͺˡ
Ҳ˵ˣħֵ飬ɲСŶƻЦǺǵܳɿЦ
ܿЦǺҲǺ¡
ĿǰԣƵ״̬Ҳûʲôԡ
ʦ̵֣ɥ£ܳѹʡ
ȥٿգҾ˾ˣŶˣаɥˣͼУһ¹ڣ
СܰͷİɣҴ飬ɲͷһȵ飬ЩǶᴦ׵ġ
ĸѾãɣɽˮǰҴӻһֱ˰УľҲһ顣ҲԲһԸ
ǻһԸûüûҽ顣ҲãҲᣬˡ
ȻҪɳеĻϾһ档롣
ܳԣȴһ㶡
ƵļͦŰ˾˺žȻư֣ݵĹǻҸˡ
Ƶļ£ܳҲüƽϣͻ֣ݶԣδҲһܺõĹ
ܹƵТ˳ףǰƴôã˼ݺ׹ȥҲԲˡ
ңܳҲ֪ʵ֣Ըǿƽӣǲס
Ըֻ˵
õģʦϼܳɹҶ˵绰ҲЩ
ҽѧչûܳɣУ֣ȻƵĸףҲҪܳȥƺڿ硣
ԣֻԼĲ˲ĲˣҪøԶ
ƿ׼֣Ȼˡ
Ļ֣̰Ͳħ۳Ͷ١
ϲ㰡ʦˣȻ뷨˽ཻļܻͥɣԾÿġ
Ȼ֣ݰ̵ȥҲһ˵顣
ܳ⣬飬Լϣ
ܳɲȥԼѡ񣬵϶ûôѡ
ʦ֣Ʊˡܳɣе㺦¡
ȥ·ߣҲˡ
ûܳӵġ
ţõġܳɻһ䣬ȻƵ顣
Ƚģһ·϶ֳ˾֮ɫ
˵ʦԣǺ£Ҳδǻ¡
ʦ֣ĽǡܳɸƵʱҲȨϾˡ
ѣǾԼˡ
ÿ˶ÿ˵ഺܳɾ͸п˵ұƵʱһһֻ׬ǮһҽѧҾԼʺѧҽ
뾡һа취ȥѵҽ·
Ҷʧˣ⼸꣬ûʲôѣǰѣҲ治࣬һʧˡ
ҷӦʱѾɶȥҵһֲɡÿ˶ԼĲס
ԣҲϣ㣬ΪЩǣͷԼǰѡΪλûʧӵеģܶڵĹ޹ء
߿ҵܳ뵽Լҽĵ·ϣߵһأ
ڣܳʵҽѧǷĵĻϲأ飬ȻȫϲȻ塣
˭Ҳزǰ·ãǰ£һһ滮

ɳУܳɾͺˣʱ˵ʦ֣Ҫȥ飬ߺ㡣
ҲԼûѡܳһᶨıӰ
ܳɿ꣬һ̾
ΪǮ⣬ԶԶйǣԼأȴΪȤ⣬Ϊĸ׵⡣
ȨΪʵ⣬תУǶϾûʲôĵ㣬ǣҲû̫ķհһһС
ҪʲôҲʲôΪҸġ
ܳû뿪ڻֱȺƺȨ´򳵣ص˰ҽԺǱߡ
̶һһ绰ˡ
ڳϣܳɺȨûٶʣƶԣСɲ̶⣬õġ
̶һԷλãΪ˽ӷ磡
һµũҲ˹ݣΪƫƧ̶ȴܳ˿쵽ʱԳˡ
ܳɺȨƨߵߵȥ
̶ƼɨɨûݣЩˣǹòġ
ʦͶιȻˡһ󷿳Уʱ͵ġ
طʦǰûƴܣƺܺãһ㶼ƣ֮ǰȣҪࡣ
̶С۾һУطҲãճ꣬һΣʹһζ
Ͼֵ࣬ˣĸ
һ³󣬰ַŵ˲̶ĳ䣬½ȥ
ڵζݳ޵ѡ߸ˣ̶ƿþáװę֪́ڡ
Σʲôʱյĺþưƽͺ
յŶ͵ġ̶ͷ
ȫˡСܴʱڡý첹ϡ˵
Сǵý˰̶ЦС
Ȩüͷһ
ܳɵ˵ͷõģ
Ȼ˾ơ
üȨȴЦµİڳʦܳɸڻС˼Ѿǰ˸ˡ
Ǯúܡ
תͷƵǸСŮɣ۹⡣Ἰ꣬ҿ¶Ҫˡ
ĺ
ܳЦŵ˵ͷллʦ顣
Ǹǲ˵
ưȥħܳл
̶ʹߵСܣҵƣһС
ȨͿʼæˣ쪵ľˮ㿪ʼŨ
˶һ΢΢Ŀ
Ȼֵİᣬ뵽Щس֮С
Ȩܳɣơ
̶ƣտڲԡ
󣬵ڶ΢еҾζе࣬ȴһֻظʵζ
ɳš
Ҳˣ˶ûźȣǰȾƱˣһһ󱭣Ϊĸˣƿƶһûˡ
ȨҡҡȻ˸Ϣȥ;ơ
˻ûźȣܳҲ΢е㲻̫ԣ˵ʦʦҪһллǵ࣬Ҳеɫ
λĶ飬һֱ
ƾƳһܳɣֱ֡
ܳһ㶣ĬĬذСƱ£ֱȾƱһȻ󵹿棬ֻľƵžžવصϡ
ƿܳˣҲǾԼȾƱԥؾһȫˣ
㣡ƵĻ٣Ҳ֪ǲǾ˺еʡ
粻ֹТײڡ
ôƵᣬôԻԼѹ飬͹ʵȻڡ
ˮθͷ
ƵȦ۾̶ϰһգţ컨塣
ӣƲŻһԲ̫ˡѾС˲ʿ磬Ȩҵгɣ
ϲ飬Ǹ˵飬ʧ̬ˡ
ϲʱ˹¶ԾһӰΧԵǸ
̶˵ƣ飬ϰŵġСܲʿ磬Ҳˡ
ʵĸ
ҡͷã̫ˡ
СȥʱʦãСĶʱʦǲá
ʦȥϴѧҽԺʦǲá̫ܵˡ
ҪǮҪʱ򣬵˵仰ܣЩ꣬Ҷûôѡ
ҵʦǣߵûˣߵģ˳ȥȥģûϵȥȥģȥ
ģ˷ģ́ͷ
ѧģֻ̼ѧΨĹƨۡ
̫ˡ
֣ƿʼˮʵ̫治
̶һ̾ο˵վϵѧ࣬ǰϵģһֱڵȥ
ңϵڵĵزȫǿԼĴƴʵȴδʲôڽˣ˺ժӰ
룬֮Уռ˭ıأ
һ԰վ˵µƸߵ㣬վ۽ߵ㣬ͿԲʣ߸˿
Ϊ֮λʵ˭ȥأ
ʲôԺʿҲãʲôҲãȻҪһˣ棬ⶼʲôϹŰأ
֪ʿ˭ֻģ
ûУġ
˵Щ̶Ͳ֪ôӻˡ
ܳɣҲýĻ
Ȩܻҧ˵ʦʵƵĻҿ԰ƴһѡ
ˣҾͲţô꣬ƨɵ¾һֱǸɾġ
ԣԶԡ
ʦ氡
ʲô죿һ
Ȩͷȥ
Щ£֮ǰ򡣵ڣѾôˡ
ҡҡͷ̣ʵҲҪģ̵ĵزҲһóġĲ̣ʲôأ
伲࣬һ·̫ˣҽԺſڣధҽҩѡ
̫ĻߣǮûطҽΡ
̫СѣѣѣǼͥҸȴҪ̵һһ£
ʵеΣ԰Ѵ󲿷˶ϵҵȻֵԼǰ̣ġ
ҪԼվԼԼ̵㣬ôֻܱ˵Ĳпᡣˣ
Ҳͨһ㣬ҲžʦҲס
ܵЩȥΪʲôͲأνҲ롣
ǣʮʮţܻһġ
ȨЩȻû뵽ƵĻȻķת
ѹָո
ϵѧ࣡
һԺʿ£ԼѧҲԸ´ʦͷǸʲôŹֵˣ
ؼһû
ſ¡
ѧҲеҡ
̶̾һ֪Ӧԡ
ܳɾ͵ͳ˵ʦ̵֣Ĳʵҩõô
Уܹ󣬶ҲһƵͷ
Ҷ֧𡣡
ֻ˱˵ġЧûôõġεͷ
ô죿
ûǮֻôɵ¡
ܳɾ֪
ΪģĹУҲˣʵĿǰƣҲôرǡ
ҩѸ㣡
ûйظصļܣ͵ĵȼʲô
϶жһѰһ

ܿ죬ˡ
̶͸Ͻкת˻⣺˿նӵľƣȳԵˣǱ˵ġ
ƼҲؼ˼Ӳˡ
ոȾƣζ̣˭˭֪ĵĸо
ܳɣˡ
һƲ˵ΣԲ֮ǰȥħʱûпǵĴһ˲С鷳ʵǱǸ
֪Լܳͬʱְ϶̶˲С鷳
ԼǱǰȥģͲЩˡ
̶ݸһЦҲսңС뿪֮ǰҲ˺ܶණȻǰ˵ס
ۣ˹
ʵҲõģȨɳУӦÿԸǣʵҹҲϡͿá
ȨͷεȷûԹ
ƾ͵ЩСģȴûСңʦҺ꣬Ҳʲô
Ķ飬Ҿֻȼǰˡ
ܱǸ
̶ҡͷˣҴǼֲͼǻرʲô
ûͼˣرܳɡ
ܳô˵ףƼļˣܳɻףȥҪصħƵġ
ǣʱȥħƣɲʲô°
жˣħܿͻǷ֮أҪ취ݱܷâһͷȥĻһ˲ǿɲá
æ˵ʦɳлҪһʱ䣬ϣʦָܹһ
⣬Ȩ˾ҲڹؽƷе棬һЩȽ϶뷨ǹؽƵĹʦһֱţΪʦ趨ġ
Ȩӣϰ壬ʦÿڰ
ǰ϶زȥˣǵǰ߰
ôȻһȣܷܳŹƣǲŹ֣


ڶٰʮ һ
Ȩæ˵԰ʦߵĹʦλûϣʦʲôʱпˣ΢ָһ
ʵҲȨﻰ
ڹؽƷ棬ħһƽڽӴʱƽͲֹһεơ
ֻ֮ǰһֱ˽£ȨţƼȻѾǸຣ˵ΣϣܹҲȨĿ֮һ
ôõѡ˫飬ȨɷŹ
ʷ棬Ҳ˵Ȩǳ˵
⻰ƻڿǵʱ򣬲̶ȴС۾Լѧ·ҲΪο
ȨͲô̶ڹ⿪Ц
Ȩ۾˵ɣӺٺһת²ۣʦʲôˮƽ˹£ǿЦ
ȴ˵Ҳϣʦܹͽ̣
ǺƯģ̶֪ˮƽޣѻ˵Ȼһ̶ҪҲҪɾɵˣһˡ
ɲǹ˾øɵ飬˾Ÿ𲽡
ң̶ҪҪҪ
̶ʱ˷ۣҲû档
ȨְĿơ
΢΢һȨҾ˰ɣӣʺڹ˾졣
Ȩæ˵ʦû̫ģҪڹ˾ֻ֣Ҫṩideaˡ
ʲô칫ҺְνЩġ
Ȩʱ򣬾˵ideaʣԶӢˡ
ȻҡͷҲˣһԼҪȥллĺⰡ
ˣĻིˣþһ۵ӣͲҪЩ˰ɡ
ʦȾһϲڡƻһתȾٱ
̶Ҳţһ߲ܵļơ
Ȼ־ܳɺȨȫһһӣǾͲˡ
ܳæȰʦȰɡ
ƺȶˣ
ȻһЦû£һΣεʱ򣬰̽ˣԺ󣬾ͰѾҲˣһΣͺȸʹΪá
΢ѬƵ⸱壬ǸĸģԼģ̾ƶǹιǵĵҪΪá
̶ɫһݣҪȰһ䣬еĻʶ£ﰵ˵ˣһѺ;ѡ
Ȩ֪Ƶ鲻ôãһֱ˵ĵء
;̶ȥˡ
ܳҲ͵͵˳ʲ̶ҲҪһţѧŲ̶ӣһڣᶼǺˡ
̣Ҳó鰡ʦܳʡ
̶ҡͷ̵˲ô˵̵ˣ̺òó顣ζǲõġ
ϧȴֳ𡣡
СһܵĴͦġ
ܳҲͬУƵľ˭޷棬ڵ뷨˭Ҳܶ棬ҪԼ߳ҲѾ˳
ȥħ֮ǰܳƵĽĶ࣬ǵħƾһֱæԼ飬Ҳ֪æЩʲô
Ȼȥ˾ٻʱƾѾǴ֣ȥˡ
ûã֣ݰֳ£ڼ䵽׷ʲôҲֻԼˡ
һӣܻϤȴнԶ
ֳܳڣǵòζӵˣԲ̶˵ʦ̲ó飬Ȼȥˡ
̶ֵһܵС۾΢΢ţ֪Щʲô
ٻصʱ򣬾ͿƺȨ˵أòĵʲôϷϣƻͦȤӡ
ܳɾ£ͬ
̶ֱˣܳɺȨһ˿һ˼
ܳɸƣ֪ƼƺţƷŵ˴ϣƫܳҲһȥ
ɳϣ밲Ϣ
ŵ֪ǰħˣչԴڣǰٻ˵ҵһܺõĿ⣬ðȥһ
ܳɣ˽ʮһĻƱӽһء
ʲôʱħ
ܳɱĩڿбˡ
ʦջӦûһħɣҾʱӦòܳϢܳϸ̽Ķ
ƵľƷ㲻ûд󳳴֣Ӧòʲô¡
ſڣܹصĺϣܹúϢһ°ɡ

գܳɿ˰ģѾ˵Ϣ
ܳǳŵ˰֮󣬲ɳ˯ȥġ
ѣ䣬΢еð
ܳɾһˮҲ֪ǲˮƣˣƺܿ˹
˷ź˸Ȼ󿴵ܳɵˮһ
ԼƵġ
ʦô磿ܳɵıеŨ
ð˰ҪҪݵ㽪裿ҼнȥáӦûûڡƷˣһ룬ȡһ
˺ݺãůӡ
ллʦܳɻأҲû˺˰װȻѲ趪ˮ
΢΢һˮɤӣСܣħ飬ҿ磬Űǻ൱ġ
Ѧʦ֣ڵĴˡ
ܳһ£æ˵ʦɲô˵ѦҵʦأʦһҶĶչˡ
㲻Ǽ˵Ͷô䵭Ѧʦദһ¶࣬𾴡
߲ĸ֣Ҳ̫쾡˰ɣ
ܳվ
裬ܳɷֵúܣ˲̶ûܹȵùܳλã½ǬݣԪƽ
㿪ЦһͲȨ㿪ЦĻӣЩܳɵӡ
ܳʦѦڶչˣ֮ġ
õġ΢΢һ
Ȼʣʲô㣿˵
⣬æűҵ顣ܳʵ档
ƵͷҵӦúú׼ģħɳУҲӦøĿɳɣ
ţܳɵͷ
ԣʱɳлõġӦðѸøĶɣʡ
ܳһվĪơ
ʲôʱ飿
Ϊʲôģ棬ûԤʾ
ʦҪһѣǳʲô½ġ
ƻھԺӦţڲʿ׶ΣҶɵ˵Ĵʿɣ
ܳɵͷɻ󣺡ֻǴţʦҴûġ
ҲûʲôҺͳĹϵãֻǿƲԸѡ
ǾԿεġƺȻðôһ䡣
ôһ䣬ܳɵüëֱըˣ
Բۡ
ԭӰ
ܳһ飬Ǿǰģ棬ģģûħԺĲʿͻᷢ¼
¼Լͻ⣬Ǹʦָ׵Ҳɱ⡣
ʵԭγ֣ǣ
ƵĹϵܺã
Ҳ˵û˳ĻƿԼʵȥᷢһЩĲʹ¼³Լëˣ
ͽ͵ͨ˰
ǣܳ벻׵ǣʱģʱƵôŰԼټγĹŵӵġ
ʱһжûܳɶγҲ˽⡣ȻȻΪγǸа֮ĵˡ
ĿǰܳɶγжϣγصģӦýǿԼ츳
û취
һжδԣܳҲ֪ƿɹЩʷģҲûһԭ
ƺͳʦ־Ȼоģѹ֣ܳǰʱģĹУģħбȽҪ鷢
һη¹ʣûԱģҲֻ˳һ䣬ǣں¹ǣ浽Լܳɾ˶εأʵģɳС
£ܻܿһĹ
΢еԣģҲôһãĿ̫ǿֻ׷ڹ̣ȴ̫ƽϣԼ츳Խǿ֮Խˡ
ʦ棬ʲôأܳɲסĵ뷨һ䡣
γҲǸˣħ֮ǰ׿ڶԼִʵģκҪµ˼
׼ѧѧѣ
ǡ
㣬ִ׼ĻǹԪƽԺʿִ̻ǰ̻׼˰ɣ
һЦȻħɡһʦɣҪʦġ
ȻССں˼ˮ
ҺʦһħȥܳҲЦŻء
ܳһۣ˵аɡ
ȥħ֮ǰȰһ£بѾˡ
߮磬ǲھɳУƵֱ룬߮硣
ܳüͷһ߮ǻɳеģʦҪôҪҪҰԼ
ֱȥҶֽڣöֽڰˡЩŭ˵
Сҡ
߮ƣʲôϵܳ벻ףƴõ飬϶Եɵġ
ܳɶƣΪŵġ
ֻϣƲҪʲô²źãˣҲǲһģسȥڻɽ̵֣ĹǻҶˣܳɾ벻ʲô£ġ
˵ܳɳ˸֮󣬱㿪ԼСƳֱϴѧҽԺȥ
ǣڰ·ƻǰֽڴ˸绰ǰͨܳɶãΪİҪȥϴѧҽԺ˵ġ
˵ܳɺҪǳӭҼ浽һ칫Һ󣬻Цеصݸһ̡֧
ˣڣѾˣð߶ţϣĪֲǡ
СˣСҪʱֻǽһм̨ܳĿвࡣֿ˿ֱ
ӦֻܳСʱҵʱ䡣
죬ֱ˵ڣ·ɻʱ򣬾߮ɳУ֪СҲһ¿أ
СЩҪġ
һ㶣˿ƣƲûʲô˼Ҳ͸߮˵绰
߮ƨߵ߸ңЦƿţȻĿ˶֡ܳɺ˶棬ʱɫһ䡣
ʦп˰ҾȲˡ˵꣬Ҫţߡ
ǣô߮ˡ
һδ绰֪߮ƾûʵæ飬Ծû̫ƽϡ
Գ߮롯˻
˵棬һϳϵ߮Դһ޿ӡ
ָϽСޣС֮䣬ǲʲôᰡ
߮ϽͷʦӦûʲôطɣ
һЦ߮磬ˣ֮ôܴʲôأ뵱Ŷڵ棬һԵġȤ
߮Ƥʱһͷڵ˹һ
ᣬֱԵڣʵ뼸ѣһоĿİеҩõ˹ؼĽ׶Ρ
ҪһҾС츳ԣΪˡ
ҷǳֿ뵽ǵŶæһﾪ˵˵
ֵƤһܳɣЩվһĪؿƣ
Ĳ²⣬ͨģĲ²⣬ȷġ
Ǽ£Ȼйء
ǣƾôֱʶҪ߮磬׼˼
߮ı飬Ҳǽסˣʮ⣬ִЩľ֮ɫҪӣ˿ȫûеطˡ
ңַǳȤһЩؼ⡣
ڻش֮ǰȰܳɸ֧ˣ

ܳڿһСʱǶ˵ģֻаСʱĿʱ䡣
Ʋ߮һ˳
Ƶɫ˿̱ĺ߮ɫȴⲻÿƣʮŤʣʦʵҺܴģܲܣ⣿Ҫң
أģģˡƷ߮硣
߮̾һԴǲˡ
ܳĿ˸֮߮䣬ʵǲ֪ˣʲôԹǣƺͳ֮䣬ǲʲôʵ飬ĿǰҲ
ǣΨһһ㣬ܹܳȷǣšӦã飬Ǻ͹һŶ飬óͻġ
ͻ֮Ĺ£ֹһĻĻģݣ
ֻǣһжδ֪ҲǶԣܳҲ֪ƿڽͣ
ҩһֱȫߵҩ֮һңҩĻҪڿڷģһϵͿ

ڷħķɻϣܳɵ߮ͬһš
໥֮䣬֪Щʲôܳɣȫû˼ȥġ
ڣȫĵؿʼźģ⣡
ٴ⡣ɹػ˲ʿѧλңͬμȫǿᣬԽߵݣʡڹڵ֪ȣһ
֮ڹȵĳУһ޴ıʡ
δħնյضһ٣δⳡУġĳλʦ֡ĳλС飬һֲˡ
㰵³ǸƾԼŬ֮󣬳ΪΪ֪ĽڣӵΪȽŶӡΪʿʦ
Ӽڹȵ֧֣ѵһǹ˹Ŀǰһҽҩ˾¶ǿҩı׶ˣ˶͵Ŀҩ
ĳһգ˰ɱǰɱ߱ɱˣ
꣬ʷ֮Уĳλǰûعͬ꣬һλΪֲ˵ġʦ֡ת˹ɢʧжָֻ
㲻ٵ
ʦ֣Ӧþˡ
û
ǰЯͬǳɹ˹ڵһĿҩСڵĹ˾һԾΪʵҽҩͷ
ʱҽҩ˾ӦʱСڵĹ˾ѾܹӦԡ
ڴ֮־ġʦ֡ŬδͻƼ񾭻ؽؿ⣬ʦ֣ա
ģʧܣ
ģۣջִ֮£ҽѧ޹أѾ˼δܴĿģһ񡣡
ѡܣޣ
ܳüͷ塣
ǲа
ܳɽĵڶģ⣬һεʱԼƵŶӣȻ󲻵꣬ˡ
ʱʵ̫ǿˣ˰ļλæȻ޼£
ȻǸոյĵڶģ⣬ܳɹƺͳҪ飬ŵ΢Ӳдһʱ䣬ǣȻ˵ˣֲ˵ֲˡ
ԣ׵ʵһ㣬һ㡣
Ȼܳɻע⵽һ£Ǿֻȥ˵ƣȴûǵ˵ˣҪҪԿ֣˵һ£
ˣܳɾͿʼ˵εģ⡣
ģĿ꣺˵
ģʼЯϣ
ĿǰѾڹڣһһһӰ㻹ֻǸҽ
ͼȰ˵ġĳλʦ֡ǸǳԼļƻǣ˵ʧˡ
ǣ鼱֮£ֻͨԼĹϵֶΣ
ܳ룬ĲɣѵӲˣ
Ȼɹˣǣһ㣬ԿóĸǣħҲ൱İ
¿
һһʦԼŶӳԱǷĻ֮־ŭԲΪ
ڵĹȣһҵıʡԣδļλʦԼŶӳԱδҡУˣҲδܵ
ڹȵһЩˣȴ⵽˰Χ֮㣬󡣡

ģɹ
ģۣһǴúú÷չҽѧҵ㣬ȴ뵽¼УֶΣ񣬶ҽѧĹ׼Ϊ㡣ӮĿ꣬Ȼô
ѡܣޡ
ģ
ܳɳһ
ٴνзһεģ̣ȷͨƵˣǿԱû⣬ǣ⼸ˣȻֳܹ¶ˣ⾿ôأ
һΣͰǰʲôͬ
ڰǰͨһķʽһαʷġ
϶ʵУ˸ıʡ
ڹ

ܳĪе۵Ҳֻʱˡ
Ȱ˵á
Ƶ˶ȻãʱҲûģĻᣬǵҪȵħ󣬺ú̸һ̸
øϣźµģ˼·
ܳǲܿȥȥģҪӦԣͺܺõرһ¼Ҫúĥ
ȾǱ֤Լల£ȻĻûüģ⣬Լƨˡ
Ǿȫûˡ
ģڵľԣҲаʱ䡭
˷ɻ
˴ų뿪ĻܳȻؼңȻȥܳסȻֱ߮ȥ߮ķ
ܳɱ밲Լ˶
Թ󣬾͸ԴҴҵػص˼ңΪܳ˵ƿҪˣҲûܳɵļ￴飬ܳҲûȥļ
ϾŵӵʱƲŹ
ɫĺá
ܳɿˣ룬ʦ⵽ױô°
ƽ˲赹ˮܳɲʣʦΪΪʲô°ȫ̶û
㲻Ҫ£޹ء
߮غĸףȻһ׮ź£ܾôȥġֻ΢һ졣
ܳһ֣ݰйء
͸Ͻ˵ˣٴת˻⣺ʦ߮۵飬Ǽ٣
İҩ
ƿһܳɣȺһڲ裬Ȼʣǲе㼵ˣΪβ㣬ƫƫҪ߮磿
ܳҡͷģʦֻǾɻ󡣡
Ϊ£кܴķգҲԸա߮ܲңĸ׶ƽȥˣҲܲġص
ܳɻǲףʦҲһ£߮ΪλôѡôǸ˰
棬᲻ʲô氡
ƿڿ˵֣߮ݣ⻰޴˵ɣ֣ݰħԼԸģԸĻ˭ܱ
ûᣬмƽϵġ
ܳɣ⣬òҪΪáǴҪ顣Ƹ롣
ܳʣʦû˼ҵ˼ǣʱûȷҪħôأ
Һһֱû˵飡
ܳɴûʲô⣬֪æһпգ֣ݰܡ
λͬʲͬͬС졣
ҧֲطȻֻܴӹǿƵˣֻϣ
ڣϣѾûˡ
ԭͨоƼθȥֻλúʶһôе÷ֹʵ˼
ǣ°ȫ͵ͨġ
֣ܣĸʹ࣬˽ϵ˳ǰƣûӦԶ̿о
Ȼƺòײžħѧʱ򣬾ͱɵˡ
ǳƵĹϵе㣿
gaygay˰
ʦǵоǲѾе˹ؼְҸ˾ðҩзǲǿԲôż
Ǹλٲãͨ֫ĴҲ൱Եġ
⣬ڹƣкܶʽԲοġܳѭѭգϣܹƵ뷨
Щ飬㲻֪ͲҪˡƽҿһȦ
ⷿӣĻСɣƾȻЦ˵
ҲҲͦæҲŴӾһˣɳһˡ
ħʱ䣬Ͳࡣ
˵⣬ܳɳãǾ׳һˮ
ʦûпҵıҵİɣҷһݣϣʦܹϸزһ
üͷһ壺ıҵģȫ߮簲ŵģʲôÿİ϶ûɶ⡣
ܳɾ˵ʦϾҪЩģϣʦָܹһ¡Ѿˣˡ
Ʒ˷ۣصʣһ㶼û°
䷿ķӣûüɨҾסһϣӦ÷ɣʡ
ܳԣĿһʦסﰡ
ʦò㲻ȥ𣿡
ˡƵᡣ
ܳɵɫһ䣬ˣ
ǴɱʽϮҪʲôŶ
ʦʵСö˽£Ҹ˻ǾʦΪôܳ롣
Ƶĸף֣ˣҲˡ
Ҫô
֪㲻òϣЩʲôأȺúÿһԼ°ɣ׳һƵ
ܳԣЦЦȨ첻˵ôҺͰѾǼ˼ҳˣʦҾҪΪԼżһµġ
ϾʦΪҲǷ˲ٵĶġ
бȻſоܹɵ
ϸ˼һĽ֮ɫ
ˣȥϢˣԼ·һϴּ䣬ϴ衣˵꣬ܳͬ⣬ֱȥ˲
ǴʲôϢˡ
ԣܳɾʹȥ߮￴
绰߮磺ܳɣǴ绰ˣҸ˵
ŶҲܸ˵
ƷˣеˣҲˣ
ҲҪƷˣ߮״̬΢е㲻ԡ
ʲô
˵ĵʲôܳ֡
Ϸ˻
߮˵Ҳ˵Ͻ绰½ǬʦҪ绰Ҳ˵
Ͽ㣬Ȼġ
绰½Ǭʦ
ȷܳɫ΢΢һ
ȷ߮ͳȻٵعҶ˵绰
ܳüͷһȻ룬˵ʦȥҵķֱߣ
ֱǸĴûбӺͱġ
ãûɻ
ܳɣϽţȻ󲦴½ǬݵԶ̵绰
Ǵʱˣһδ½Ǭݲûнͨ
ڵڶβʱ½Ǭ˯ʵؽͨ˵绰𣺡Сܣҵ绰㲻֪߼𣿡
Ŷ˵ˣðɣˣ˵ɣʲô£
ܳ˶ˡ
߮ͻȻҸ绰˵ʲôˡҲ֣˵֪İܳʡ
һһզģ
ʲô
ã֪ˡҵ٣½ǬһȻҶ˵绰
ܳһɻ󣬲ͨڵϢܳɴ˽ˣ£һ̶ϣ½Ǭйأ˵½Ǭǧ˿ƵĹϵ
һϸڣܳɴ֪ôȥģˣ
ңܳҲҪӺͱ죬ȥС


ڶٰʮ 棬С㣡
Сıӣȶޣڻܿյ˿ɫûĿƷܳɰŴ¥ʱ
ѾϴˣܳŵĶüͷһ塣
Ҳ֪ܳڵ벢١
ܳɣϴˣȥϴЩϢɡָɴʪͷˮҴܡ
ܳȴδӣʦһ㶼ʮ֮˯һȥϴɡ
ܳɵϰߣ٣Ҳöིʲô
ֻɳϣ˵˯ڵ廹ᰡܰסһͺٰҹͻЩˡ
ڵ״Ҳǲǰˡ
ܳЦЦʵؿ˸ЦʦӦˮ˰
ƾȻûܳôпЦ£ûѻӹȥ΢̾һСܣħڣӦÿ˰ɣ
ȥʮ·ģڣѾӽ¡ʮ³ƴܳһħʱǲˡ
ǰˡҲһ̾
ܳɾ̽Եʣʦͳʦ֣׼Ҫ飬ǲǺ½Ǭʦһϵ
ܳɲɵģУеһʦֻǱӻعע⣬ٽ߮Ļиո½Ǭݵ绰ݡ
ܳɿһȽϴŵĲ²⡣
߮˵ôо˸
ǣҲǡҲҹһЩʾ
ܳɽŸæ˵ʦᣬܲ΢һľͽ鰡
Ҫ飬Ҫ½ǬݻعĻܳɻзȨġ
ΪԴ½Ǭݺܳɾ濿
ģ·ӣҲΪҪҵܺöҺʵİ취çײ϶ǲʵģͼ֮
½Ǭݵǣ̫ô׾ܹѾġ
οǹһ̶ȵĽӦ̵治㣬ܴ󷴵ǲֵõôķͻ᲻ڣҪʱ䡣
ƿܳСĴָסСָ¼ŭԼӣɳеʱ򣬿ɲĸԣͻ˵
ܳﰵɳеʱûбֳʲôըԵͷڴ飬ȡҵȻҼŭ˰
ʦҲ֪ûп֮ǰļٴ⣿ܳСʣŪԼС
пʣʵǲһġƴ֪ܳ˵ʲôˡ
ܳһ˵ʦúúÿ֮˵⻰
ҼǵãңκμרҪʵĳܹ򿪾棬ûɣܳɵļܺãֻ½Ǭݶġ
ҲƵһΣҰ
ܳɹưƸħǶʱ䣬ƾӴЩʲôȻŽЩ
üͷûѧǰ˵ĻҵĻˣ
ˣʦ
ҵ˼ǣЩ϶ǶԵģδȫԵġܳ˵꣬סԼĻһЩ˼ʱ䡣
ʲô˼Σ
ܳ˵ʦлʦйʦԼʦշҵҰ࿴һЩ
Ŀǰҽѧ󻷾£ǹҵĺܶרеҩȫǱסģǹҵƷãȹԻҪһЩ
˵ûɣҲʦģרĿ͹۳θߵĶҲܲãҪá
ʦ㷢ûУһ㣬ûбġ
Ǽ
ļѧ
ܳͣƬ̣˵ǳѧѧϰרҵǿʵģȻΪڵһĿΪг
ǣѧĹУʵļϸļļѧУѧĹУȫŵġ
ѵ𣿡
⣬Ҫӵġ
һ㣬ģ棬ܳɻôļܣֻҪ漰Ϊĵ棬һǰġ
Ƶüͷ˵Ķԣ˼ʲô
۵ַλ۵пλڹ̶ʽıʲôܳ㣬ȻվƵһˮ
˲䣬͵صһ̧ͷȻܳɣ
˼ǣַλǲҪ͹۳ģֻǵļ˭ѧȻпλڹ̶һĳϾޣƸܳɸո˵ݣƲôһۣ
ܳɰˮݸƣȻƵĶ
ʦ½Ǭʦ˵ģк½ʦһˣҲ֪ǵĴΡ
ٽڣǰڰҽԺʱ򣬺һסԺʱΪԼƣϰԵػữΪһѸ߼ĲнͲ
IIIԼԲIIIʵ֤ЧҲ
Ҳ֪˼·ԲԣҾãڱҪʱ򣬻ΪǺҪ顣
ܳɼڳü˼
Ŀǰԣҽ򣬺ּܶƣҪ͹۵ĳģûǹҶֿ͹۳ķչоڽϵ͵ˮƽ
Ҳһʵ
ڵĴ󲿷ҽеڽڣһЩеȷǲβ룬ԶԶȲЩ豸
ڽڵʱȻóѻгչԸ⣬ʵ
Ҫʱڣһó߱ǿרƨԵ顣
ǼȻڿ͹۳ϣ޷֮ƥУôΪʲôܻһָӼ򵥵˼·أ
̫еҩƷļ棬ΪһЩҲܹͬﵽƵĿģЧҲܲ
ڣһߵӣվλñȽϵͣû¥ݾϲȥԼӵٶ̫
ʵģķʽǴһӵĳΣȥӲƴһѪֱӰӸˡ
ͺñȣ˭˵۾һҪģַλѵУǣַλǴźܶƣҲиΧӦ
ؽûҲйؽڱ֮׿
ɹͷȱѪԻǿ´Ѫܺȥٹɵѹؽûƿ͹۳ˣ
ҲȥûҪõ·ӣʵİʦԲǷͥ۵ܳԣֿС
ĿǰڵЩʹƣʱǴǺסģҪ֮ͥ񣬺棬вͨġ
Բãǿеģˣǲַǵġ
ĳ˹˲ƣе˾ȥˣ
ǲڣ
ԣҲܳΪλٴУȸַλԭ֮һΪ֪
ȻСппλڹ̶еڼеĿǰе˾ȥԵ
ռȻƳ³£һӲռ̫гͼҿڸƹַλż
۵ַλԽãСппλڹ̶ܹԽá
ַλԽ֮󣬴ҾͶȻȻȥٴĹУǱĬŹַλӦӦ£
ҪһӰеĹһЩͬţʲô
˸㹻ĹʣҺ
ܵģ
˵ʲô
֪֪ǹڵҽƷÿĽڶǶ٣Щڶȣֵ̯˼ϵĽǶ٣
֬࣬ξЩ䣬Щ
֪ܳһ·϶ǿ˺ܶԼûĶ
ܳĬֻǵʦȿҵ֮飬ÿԷ񣿡
ʲôź͹滮ܳɶܲˣǣͳʦ֣飬ʵûôıҪ
ʦڿ֮󣬻˾ұ֤Ȱ
ܳ˵꣬ͱտڲˡ
ģ棬ܳ̽ǰơ߮硢Ƕ£ȻҪôʹǲı϶ڰźͳﻮ¡
£˭ȥ˭ȥֻҪƲǣȥǳȥˣܳɶû̫Ρ
˲ɣܾеˡ
ңܹ߻µˣȻӸλҪһԷߵһնܳȻܲˡ
Ȧӣô
˶꣬ƾʲô뷢չһٶ꣬Щ˾ȥƴ̺ʱĺ

û˵ؾܳɵ£
ȿú棬ģüͷһ壺ҿľôⲻͨĲʿʵôһǺơ
ܳɺƽ˵
ƺܿ죬ͳ˽ȥȻСʱʱڳü˼һᣬһȻһľȻ
ܳһֱĵصš
ֱСʱ֮ƲŻذѵԹϣһ
ЩԼжգƽࡣ
ܳЦЦʦΪжգû֮ǰԼҲ޷ţһݷΪƵġ
ЧƲģǼģһھƶʵ鷽
һ飬ֻļκεĿ͹۳ʦԣҾãȫż
ţҰݷˣһ۲һô֣صü
ãʱϣʦܹЩ飬Ǿ£ǲҪ⴫Ϊáܳɶ˵һ䡣
ΪƣҲǲˡ
˭뵽ͻȻӻɽǴȥµģҪֱóҩרͥ
ܳɾãûҪɱܹ⣬ս֮ıӲΣǽ֮¡
Ҫˡ
ȵִȫ⣬γһʱЩνĹ˾ҪٸǾ͵ǵ֮ˡ
ܳȥϴ裬ȥ˷ǰѵ԰˽ȥ
ܳϴ裬Ѿ賿ٷԼķʱƷĵƻţǻû˯
ܳɻԼķ䣬Ȼû˯⣡
ܳһεؿʼģʱ
ģ⿪ʼ
ĿǰѾӵһõҵͬеϿɣʦһƬ
ɹõ˲ʿѧλٴ⣬ƪ£ڶڿڹڿʼ롣
㼱ˣѡ뿪ڵĳУĵʦؽӼ㣡
ͬ꣬ΪʢĻ񡣡
СڵĹ˾Ѿ˷ǳѾռ˹ڴ󲿷ֵгһݸ
ͬĩĳλʦ־˻˲࣬С˵˸л֮
ӵһ缶зŶӣǿʼҹĻо

ʮ֮ٴηų˻صоΪŮʱ˲䣬Ϊ˹ǡ
ʮĳλʦӹֻع˿̣뻨֮꣬ʾ˳ֿĸлͬ뵽Ŷ֮СĬĬŵѧߡ
ģɹ
ģۣߣһƲʵܹవӿһλߣ˶ʱƣüˣŻ
ɻһܡ
ѧۣ
ߵˮܣһλʦʮ·źδܵǸԾΰ֮һ˱ܣʦԾܰȻı񼼡
ЧʱƣӵмΪĶһ̶ܹԤգ
ؽû
Ȼõġ
ֻǰһΣܳ趨Ŀֻ꣬һǾƣڶ½ǬݻعģĿ֮ڡ
ˣĿ֮¼δˡ
ǣô٣ڸ˵ЩǱȥͿˡ
˶Լ˺Լİˣ£ܳ᲻ˡ
ǣһεģУܳշһʮǿоŶӣ֮ϲˣ棬߮硢ƣȻеġ
ԣǣԼͿȥƻأ
ܳѡߵǱܣǺöĻѧۣ޷ȡ
ܹӵиĶⲻǵķܳȱٵĶ֮һ
ѡ֮ܳɺܿͿ˵ڶεģ⡣
һεģ⣬ܳɰĿ꣬ȫ˻֮ϣ˳㸲һ£᲻ٳ⣡

ģ
쵼Ŷӵһˣĳλʦܣ֮ǰźڴѰơ
ģۣźһڵŶӣβ룬ҹоδֱƽʵ⣬Ѿƶ˾ͨΡڵǰչƣ˾޴źһôһ£ôһЩˣҲûһˡ
ɻһܡ
ܳɱѾͨȼĻۣС
ȻҪڻ϶̫ˣ֮ܳǰǣӲȱţͻʮεģ⣬۸ȫͨ
ȻŵٵͨǻŶ˵һһ£ֻŴо
Ŷ棬ܳԼõģ߮硢ơ½ǬݡЩˣһ츳ߵģ
ˣȻǵ̲
µĶǻԵĶ̫Ѻˣڻڿһڡ
ȻƣҪһơ
ֶһ֣ô϶ǿ߽ģ߽ϣһ֣ȻҲǶʮͣҽѧΰķֺ۵
ż
Сʱֿ֮ܳ˵ģ⡣
һεģ⣬ȻʧܶգգǴŵͨǳʼǾͨǴﲻΪһ
ģϵ֣ܳɵע⡣
ģۣν硣Σÿ˶Լ֪Ǳޣ֮޷ٽһⲢʲУ֪Ķ塣Ŷӣһзſͻƣ
⣿
谡
ܳɶ̲סֿˣĶ飬ͻƣҪɶ
һŶӣٻŶӣʵˣٴȥôۺһŶӳ
ĪǣҪóȥ
ܳɵ˼Ծ
ģ棬Դ϶һЩɧԸģúúù滮ܣȲ
ģѾȫľ
ܳٴƿţǱ߷ĵƹ⣬ţܳɵһװ˸»ص˷
ʦ֣صļƣҪѹоһЩ˰ܳૣ˾
ҪٿĽȣҵõŶ֮⣬Ȼİ취ġ
ѧϰܼ٣ѵоܼ٣
ܣܹʡʱ֮⣬ܲһ¼ԵĶͺñȳʤGDP
գ
ܳɺˣȴѾǶèۣ˿ƺһҹδ˯һֱڵܳɵӡ
ʦܳкһ
ưѵԷ˫ȣ˵Сܣ磬һܼˣǳգһúõعһ⡣
ĥһ£ûʲôĻ翪⣬ΪǴĲԵĿ⣬ֱӴӶ鿪ʼ
֮ǰ滮Ļʵ鲿֣㲻òˣǻᰲ˸㲹ϵġǣһ飬ҪС
Ѷ̫ˡǿԹĦѧϰһ¡
ܳɵͷû⣬ֻǣܳɻʳһȽϺİ⣺ʦܰһ𣿡
˵ƽ״̬ܺãѵԺиϺ󣬵
ʦ֣ʵ͹˱ҵʸԲԣΪʲôҪڱҵأΪҩ
ǣҲǡƵͷȻҡͷ
⣬ҲûиòҪԵãȻ˵ڵ鷽һֱѡķҪȥСƺͺӱΪͬһĿκŬ
ǹҲкܶ಻ͬĹϵÿֹϵвͬͣϣ㲻Ҫ̫硣ȸܳһưˮܳɵΡ
ܳɸϽҡͷʦǴûСκŬ˼ġ
϶ˡ
˵ʵһΣı̫ھҵĻǸŪġܳɷǳʵϣҲе̵˵
֮⣬ܳʲôϵ
ƵͷܳڰҽԺʱһƥϹıԡ
εˣ࣬ҾĸʶģҲвʶģð˼·һ飬ȻҪͶͨ͸
⣬Ҳϸظ˵һ£ǵǰоȣǷн֮
˵⣬ȻȻԱֵ΢۵㣬ΪĬǱȽϲķ񡣡
͵ˣߵ£һϲΪ˴·񣬶һζĹԻΪˡ
ǿҲԳ츳˰ɡ
ô˵ܳе⡣
仰֮ǣܳɣ÷ſȥװƣ
ǣܳɻΪйǵģʦ𣿡
֮ǰڶǰܳİ£װͷˣ
ȻγǰܳҲرԼˣγһתԼ֧ˣ˵ʲôԼ
ܳɾãĺϡͿġ
İɣ㲻ߵͻ˱㻹Ҫ΢ߵ㡣Ǹ˻ͦ˼ġ˵꣬˸
Ҫһ㰮ȥ͸ȥ
Էýˡ˵
ܳɵͷõģʦȥϢ
Ŵɳվ߹ܳɵʱ򣬵ؽһ䡣
лл
ܳ㶣һЦ
ʦѽֿûκĻˡ
ƾˡ
⼸֣Ѿһˡ
ܳһˣʯͷ˵ϡ
Ȼƻ˷󣬿ٳţȨ绰
Ȩӣʦߵ״̬Ѿˣ㲻ĥȥʲôˡܳɾ͸ϽȰ⡣
Ȩ˼·ɧԴ״̬ԺȨһɧ취
ǾǰպһˣȻ󱻶ȥͺСƵ֣
û˾ͺãҲûôȻĻԺ϶ٺʦˡ
ܳɸ磬ҾȲ˰߻е㼱£е˾ѾԸСппλڹ̶еµƷҵȥˡȨ
Ŷô𣿡ܳһ㶣룬Щ˵ģĺǿ
ͼֽûй¶ɣܳɶһ䡣
İɣѾûʵ͵ӰˣȫֻҵǺڴؿЩ͹˾ֱݵˡȨֺǺ˵
ܳһݣԸȨӣҪ׼òȴʩܹ˾ҵô棬ǲ˻޹ġ
еҽԺ϶ܹе˾ϣֻģ˼򵥵ԼӸǺ׳ġ
е˾Ҫģ˾ĲƷʵܼ򵥵ġ
òƷȥˣܻиָİ취ġ
ʵڲеģֱǮ򣬻ԱһˣŽȥȡ伫
ҵƢֵԽԽãɸ˵Ķԡ
˾ʵҲΪ˹㷺ӯ
һϢŶܳɸ磬ǹ˾µҵѾŤΪӯˣ׬ǮһӻзͶ֮һ
֮һܳɸ磬̫ţˣȨڿԱûˣ
ܳһ㶣еûʽٴô
ܳɸ磬Ͳ֪˰ɣϰɲֹֻйҽԺӪҽԺģΪ˸ͷǰһʱõ
жٶ󡣡
һ£ǾĿǰչе̫죬ǵĶе̫ˣѾѹһˣһӿ̫Ȼ׬ö࣬׳
ˣҪȥһϰ֡
ʺã˳˵һллܳæ
ϴε飬Ȼ˵Ϊ᫣ǣȨ˵ɧȷΪˡ
ܳڿʼ㣬ʲôʱһǸŮӵСˡ
ġ
Ҷϵ绰ܳɾȳ˸ͣȻҳ档
ȻˣԼظˣһУϢʦ֣Ѿˣ֪ʦæսļְʱʦİš
Ҳ濴ôʰ
ôϴôҶϾƾΪ˶һǿֻǵĶȤζ
ܳɾͻظϢ죬϶кܴ
գ࿴ƪףôдµģбҪĻԼдһдŷmetaЩˮ£ҲǿԵģܹٵдš
ܳɽ뵽о򣬵һƪҲǴmetaʼģȻ״metaǵȷԼд£ܹԼʵõȽϴ
õģʦ֡ظ󣬱ȥ
½ǬݣûٸԼ绰Ҳ֪æЩʲôʱǱߵϣͲ˰ɣ϶ϵԼġ
֮ܳǰ֣Ϊ½Ǭݲܻعڿ½Ǭܹһһι֪ôȡġˡ
ңһεģ⾭飬½ǬҲԼѣǣҲڹڣֱһ꣬ٳȥܹô
£϶ô򵥣ÿˣԼӺǣҵĶ
߮˻ظˣܳɣˣȶˡ̫ˡ
ôģ
ܳɲ𣬷ʣ߮磬㵽ôʦģôʦô㣿
ûòãȫԼѡ񣬺ʲôϵ
Ҫ˵ӣҲȿʦǶ̶ˣ׽ģΪϵǰߵİ
ҺʦĺϴѧҽԺ»Դǡ߮˵⣬ûټȥˡ
Ŵ˾ķ
ûȨĻڶѾ㶨ˡô£
òûЩ£Լڻڸ
ʲôܳɱȽϺޱӣȻԼҲʼϰߡ
ûʲô֮ţƾͶˡ
Ŷˣڽ·ݣҲҪˣʱҪ١㲻ӦҲûˡ߮ͻȻ˵һ䡣
磿
ãʲôݰܳ˳һ䡣
ˣ߸ʽǰĶó༭һ¾ˡˣдС˵д˹ؼ֣Ҫһ¡
ҵȥˡ
ܳЩܲܲдС˵飿
ҲᣬҹôóԺúȹ㣬ֲҡ
˭
֪ʡ߮Ҷ˵绰Ȼһ֣һߺԼŮѿʼ
ðɣǰǹﱻˣеָоˡ
ѹܳɺͰһ𣬲ֺ߮²ۡ
Ȼʼ༭ϢȲħħֻҽ˵ġ·ݴ磬ͻ
Ҫ棬ǿԵģú㸸ĸ˵ã


ڶٰʮ ˵ؼװƣ
һ͸ܳɷϢǼĵ滹һЩ֡
ʦ֣ʵ˵ͣƽʱѼһЩideaЩ£ҳдģʦϲʣСġ
һģ
ĸĵֱ˱⡣
һƪcase report
letter
ϵͳعmeta
ٴRCsعоѪҺڿơ
ܳһ㶣ʼ༭Ϣʣʲôʱпգдôµģ㲻ְô
ǳյʱʦ֣ЩµռݵĴԼ³ɸ壬һŪġӵȫȨûճʲôġΪܳǿǵⷽ⣬˽ظ
TM
ܳɶʱһֱά˵ĸоְѧϰпдô£öﰡ
ðɣȿ˵ܳᵽˣˡסԼ˵ĺô
Ŀǰд£ֻһƪдݣܳףǾͶȥˣƽʱչģⷽģ˼·ʱǧƪ
ǣĶԼд£Ķףȫһġ
ӵоͨȼҽѧרҵӢܳɣܿͿƪcase report
˼һһ̨ؽھУͻȻ˨Ȼ󱻼ʱ𣬲ȹİ
⺱
˨Ķ˨ӶסѪܹǻ˨ӰѪҺͨ˨ӿɸвͬѪ˨֬ȵȡ
ҲǱȽϺһ˨ӣ˨͸ӺˣΪcase reportйоء
µĽṹǳӦд£ǣӢˮƽı΢Եòص˴ţܳɽ仭˳ģʽȻȥ޸һ¡
Ĺؼ֣ڶԼ֢״Լϡ˼·ĽԹƵΪο
ܳɿĲģΪǧٹֵⲡþѧϰͲοϣٴϳͲĲܹҵõ
ӦûдһЩʽҲвԡ
ܳһһĺ󣬾Ͱѵһƪ·˻ȥƪµṹû⣬۵ҲǼġݷ棬ԼһҪ飬Ҫʱóԭʼݵ׼
⣬ƪһǣȨУӦ㲻ռλİɣ봦˵ĽڣûУ
ǺҪ⣬Щݣյǽµ˽˲ڲ棬㿪ŵȨޣܲѯõȻǺõģ˲˵ʲô
ǲѯģṩԭʼϵʱûһµĻ⣬˲ϡ
˵ʦ֣˵˨ҵһʱģԵʱҸĽڣͰݣȫҡ
ֻһֱ˵δɸ壬λʦʱ¡
ܳɫһԭˡ
һ㰡˨Ȼܹһʱ俼ǵĻôĽڻѲҲΪˡ
λںúһɣֲ¶Ǹ˵òֻܳҲܸᷢߵӰڿûҪܳɻǾȰ˵һ¡
֪ܳôƪ£֮ûȥͶ״ƾ֮ǰ£ĽûˣȱǮû̸£
ǣеǮеݣǿãõģЩݣǲҪԼɧΪá
ţõģʦ֡õġ˻ظ
ܳȻԸúÿԼ޸ģҲԺۡ
磬ܳɻĵڶƪ£оͷе
ڶƪletter
letterʵҲ磬ҷ֪ϵĴȻأƣҵľȻǷnatureϵһƪµһЩ
ɲдȻԼҲ˲οףǣʱοףδؾǿŵġ
nature༭ǿȣһЩˮ£ǲ߱Ŷȵġ
ϸĶԭģٿһõļƪºܳɵüͷ塣
鷳ο׵ķǹģǳ䣬ǣЩοף˺ܶĹ۵㣬ҪĶο׵Ĳοס
letterĴڣΪ£µøãҲġ
ǣܹnatureŶӰʲôСұ˵鷳ǵر֡
ԣһƪµ壬鷳ܳɡ
ŰϢԷʱ밲һ졣˵¡
ԣϢ˵ôе죿
ܳɣһ¡
Ȼ죿ʲô
ܳʵôԱ˵˽£֮ǰȨദʱ䣬ûʹȨΣֻǸƣȻԼͱ׽ȥ
ӣˣܳɣôʦܵİ
˷ɲãһͬѧ˵֮ǰٱĴʦʵĹĺء
ԭ֪ΪѧУ·Ľ⣬µȨͨѶߣȦڵһǱ򣡡
ǸȻˣһǮҲû³
ȥ͸ñҵģǱҵ󣬿еʱû˸Ҫô䵽˰ҽԺ
ܳ㶣µô
ܳɿˣҲ˰
ΪǮпܡ
ԼҪСˣñƸˣ
Ҳ֪Ǹ˲̶ʦʦܣڴҼˣоǻСӣֱֱȥģûʲôơ
ô˵ͦİ
༭Ϣеġһ죬ȻٱĽڣǴ˶ʿĵʦͣ˶ʿüꡣ
Ҿãˣ㻹ҪΪá
ã֪ˡܳҲûǿи
վüġ
ųĶⴧģһǣų˼ȥǱԭ
겻ħġ
Ǹ񾭲ʲôܹԼʦٱˣ
ҽ磬ʦһȥˣҲ֮ǰɳеʱ򣬸˵ģҪݷõļʦֻʦ
ֲܺһԷˡܳʵʵ㱨Լг̡
˵ؼҼ죬ҶˣϼʣԼʲ͡
ܳһǿһȥԸҹ
ѽѽظĵͷ顣
Ůˣ
ٶҲŮˣܳѾĦСԻˡ

һ㣬ˣƿţȻ󿴵ܳڿüţʶ䣬տҲ
ţŵܳɣܳæ̧ͷʦ΢¯棬неĸǽеˣ΢һ°ɡ
ܳɻϸĵģƾֱ΢¯󣬲´һˮܳɡ
ʲô£ôüģ£ܳǰĵĻ
һƪletterое⣬ֲ֪ô˵ܳ΢΢ת
Ʒ²٣£ӦҲҪࡣ
˭ôù㶢ˡKerswill˹ƿµͨѶߺ΢΢һ㶡
ƪ£ǷnatureϵƪĲ磬ʲôƲתͷ
һ㣬ֻҪҵڵ·˶ڿϺ󣬴ҵԱһ㶼ǻһʱĶģԱ˽ҵڵоרҵչ
ˣƪ£ҲһƪĴݵķ£ۺԷ£д
ʦʶλ𣿡Ƽʶ㣬ܳɶһ䣬ʶĻƪletterҪҪ͵úúÿˡ
ѧҲҪġ
ҡͷҵʶ˼δ⣬ûѧͦġǰڰ޾ٰ޹ǿѧʱ򣬺ǿ˹Ҳ˱
ʱ򣬲̫ߣûʶҡͷ
ƪletterдģһʦдģΪƪӰӱȽϸߣҲžΪѡܳɻء
ʦܣ
ϾɲдּڿletterھҽԺʦܣҲͶ嵽Ŷ԰ƺ棬⡣
ȻֱӰѵƶԼ΢ĶҲͬܳһĳü
˼·е氡ֻôд׵ˡȻתͷ
ܳɾ˵ʦҾⶼ
ǲʦյ˶ʿо
ְĿƶ˵Ļϣһ߿һ˵ʦҲΪװûǴĻӦȥɳеȦֵñȽϻǸСӡ
ȥ꣬ΪԼĵʦʧȥ˴˶ʿʸ˿ɲգǽĻգҪʼˡ
ѧݣһѧУһٱȥ˽䣬ǾеѸˡϾġ
ƵܳɶΪ֮Ŀ
ԭǻһ㿼ǰ츳ͣ㻹ԣ̶ͳͰʲôﶪ
ƽ˵ʦһõģȼ©Ȼֱһ
ҶЩˡ
ܳæҵʦʵǲʦ©Ļҵڡ
ǧ򴩣ƨ
һһܳصļƪº󣬰ѵһơ
ƪletterҪдܸӰֲ̫࣬Ҫ߶ܽᣬҪܿһѻɡ
ҵĽǣϵһletter׼οļƪµԭߣǵڹⰡѧȦú͵ġ
λڣȥһʺӣһƪnature³塣ңǻһƺȻܳһĽ顣
ܳɾͺˣ˵ѧɵôô󣿡
ôγѧȦأѧѷֶԴвͬ˭ܸѹһͷ˭ܹΪ䡣
׷𣬲һġ˽һ
˵ֻҪһletterһܹõµĽǷԺĳɳѧλкô
ˣȻţ̫ڼˣҪһۣõʱ̰Ǯʲôġ
ˣӦµġֶಹһ䡣
ðɣԼ˽⣬̫ˡ
ƾͰѵ绰ܳɣȻһȥԷˡ
ܳɼϵͳع˺metaһֱڳԷʲôû˵֮Ⱥߺһ
ֹһܳ˵˲ൽˣҲɡ
ܲƾʵ˵ǣ͵ÿˡֱӶܳһرΡ
ܳһ㶣ģͣûü
ҪʲôǶʵŶӵģʲôģͶУȡֳɵľͺáƵ·һС顣
ʱУ
Ŷӣжʽ𰡣
ԣ
ܳɿ֪һֻҪôĴ۵ģܱӡҪˣҲǺܹġ
һǾһһΪˡ
ܳɲҶ໰ĬĬظ
ƺܳǴȥģư˹յģ˾Ժһʵ
ֻ֪ܳڶʮ¥ôģȫˡ
ʵſڣָƴȻ˵ʵңĿǰǳĸʵˣǽǣҲû
Ҫǳ֮ǰ£Ӱ̫ˡڱУĻǿҵˡ
ҵˣʵңҲƿܳЩӣ͵
֮ܳǰϵʵңģ󣬵ڶ࣬յģǹһġ
ƵĻҲѽ⣬һЩĲʿԼŶӣҲ
ֻڲʿ׶ΣܹӵԼʵңһĸڡ
ƺܳδȥʵǵ˰칫
ˣɺϵǣܳɶʶ
һǷ
򣬳ʤרŽһ֣֮ǰ˭ѧǣǰƵģûѡõʦҶû
Ŵѧ꼶꼶ħԺĹǿǱ꣬ѧѧҽģڴѧ֮ǰѧ˱ƺ˶ʿǿеĿγ̣ԴӽҽԺ֮󲻾𣬾Ϳʼٴˡ
ڻҽѧԺһѧѡʮſΣÿһſεķ90ϣһѧڲڿԣڿԵ·ϡҲ֪ô˵񲿵ġ
Ȼܳ൱⡣
һҲˣסԺеľ֮ҵһֱ꣬ӳ˶ǰԴ飬ĹޣǺХѧ
һӦþǳˡ
ͣܳԤĲ࣬Ƶȴ
ǣҲǶΪϤģϳХСҲʵˣ
ܳˡƸ˽ܡ
Хǰ˿ʱ䣺С֮ǰڿͼˡ޸磬ֵ࣬Կвܶࡣ
ҲǸϽܳɴкɸ磬þò
Ψһһʶܳɵˣ´ܳɡ
ܳһһعХз֣֮صظл˵ʦ֣лл֮ǰָ㡣
ȻδǸԼ绰ڵ绰붼š
ħԺΪʦ֣жš
ƣҽܳɺᣬҲû뵽ôᰡ
Ҷ˵ɡıȽݣвٵİ߲˿ܳ졣
СܣӦѾʮ˰ɣʡ
ˣʦһաܳһ㶣쵽Լ˰¶ʮһ춼ʮźˡ
ܳԼǲˡ
Ŷã飬Ǻþöû۹ˡȻ˵
ϳһֱʵңҲȥ˭۰𣿡Ʒ˷ۣһϴʡ
棬Сģ⣬㿪˵ɸ磬ʦ˵Ⱥ淢Ǹʵ˼·Ƴİ
ô֮ǰûˣ
ܳɾ͵Ҳ˼꣬ͲҪƺ˰ɡ
֮ǰҳէԲҰŪ
һδĹУ˽⣬Ծ͸Լٴľ飬ĥ˺þãڵ˼·
ʦʦпɣȻĻֻܵŽҵ¿棬ԻˡܳɷǳӣҲ΢ǫѷ
ƽİʵķ
д֮󣬾뷨
ͺХ˵ͷ˷ۣһۣ֪ڰнַܳﷲĶ
ܳɵ츳ܳɵĳɾͣĿã˵⻰ȫѽڡ
ܹСппλڹ̶ô죬ô棬Ҫ˵̫ǫ飬ǲα
ХͿЦ˵Сٴе򣬵ȷٰ
Сппλڹ̶챻Դڿ߶ˡں˶ҽѧ԰
˶ҽѧΪʲôᷢչ
ıʣȻǴʹ°塢֯пλҲΪʲôᵥΪҡ
֣΢
ڴƶʼ΢ˣΪ΢Է˶ҽѧȻþӰ˼Σһһ죬Сппλڹ̶ٸһСпڵʹô˶ҽѧ͵ı·ˡ
ȻХҲΪܳһķ
ҶɵȻǼǣͷȥ㣬϶зգȻΪأܹһâ
Ҷϧģܹõĺô
ˣûһǺͿģ
̫ɵˣֻΪĶֺһԲҪǿڹġ
£뵽Ѫġ
ʷӹûܹӹ
Ͳ˵˰ɣСܣʹŽһ㵱ǰ˼·ϸ⣬ǺȻʵһС
㿴Ҫʲô׵еʵܷ׼ù
ƣɲΪҵģΪ˸Ҫ顣
˼·ܳ׼ˣ֮ǰʱ򣬾͸˵֪Ϊλкİš
Ҳǲر𿴺Լɣǣܳɾͻһ顣
Ҫͨ桭ܳɼ̽˵һ
ݣҿ϶ˣܳɾû׸
ϣҵĴ˼·һûʵʲֻǻ֮ǰһЩٴҾûǿֵͶһЩĵġܳһһɨˡ
򣬺Х
һһ˲ţЩˣܹúõػȥ϶ܹиǰ̣ûҪꪳɳ
˼·ĻܳɽûбҪ
ǲеأʡ
ܳɾ˵͵ȡİɣʲôʲôɣֻһķ̽Ҳûرȫ׼
ʦأ
ҽѧĲ̶ʦĺļܣ
Ҫ׼˾׼
һ飬Լǲǰܳɽ̵еˣ
Ȼ˵Ǿͻǵü
ʵң֣һǻʵңһʵңҲǶʵң¥ϡ
ֻԼĻʵңʵǹõģǴҶ˲ٵĶ
һ·˶ʵңͨȫġװľƾ֮󣬳ʵҵĹԱԼС˹
ʵСҡģܼªҪԼ޾
ʵеªͽ˵һ˵ңǴСõģгƣǷȱ˵㡣
һεʱһȥһרҵĶʵġ豸ȶȫһЩ
ܳɾͿ˿ΧеȻ󿪿ڵʦ֣ʱܹõеֻעˣȻ˵㣬Ҳˡ
ҪǣڳĲƤ³СΪƤ³С󣬲̫ˡһ𣿡
ָָܳӣһЩСȥ£ʵϸʴ顣
Ȼ֮ǰǾӦѡƤп˾ǣôģôûôˡ
ӹܳеķͷֻǣһǣûк˴ŻCTֻXߵļƬң
ߣ˵ҲûѪ͵ĵܣѶȵȷǴ˺ܶࡣ
ܳɲش𣬱׼ϴֺٴδףȻڱ˱ǩС׽һֻҳӦƽƬ
ȷ˹ڵλá
ܳģ۵ʱ򣬿ɲǼ򵥵ֻģ˵ģǴСʼţŵˡ
صĽ֪ʶҽѧݡԣܳʵⷽ棬ҲԵġ
ܳɿڣֻС6cmβ8cmȻеͣӦô154g
صС֫ռǡ
峤βԴż֫ǹؽڵĳȣδ׼ȷҲһΧ
ǱأѪֱܵӦһ̶ǵֱȵġ
ʦҿXߵıǶ٣
̽ͷȥһϯֱӰƶˡ
Ȼ˵Ŀգգ͵ؿܳɼۺ󣬸ԶǴӸԵɫУã֮ɫ
TMİ
мһ֣֪ûС
ԲԲ֪൱רҵܸߴϡ
ܳɾͺ˵ķӦƣ
ЦܳŵĶһô
ܹͨе̶ӣѧ̳ߵĳƺţ
ƲΪܳɾԼС֫֫ĿǰƽƬϿСȹֹ1/3ֱ1.2mmҡ
Nֱֹ1/3ı߷֮һŷ֮һ֮䣬ҶΪ0.14mm
ǳעֱС0.55mmֱʵû취Ѫǻ͵ġܳɷһ飬Ȼõôһе㵰۵Ľ
Ƶ
ðɣ֮ǰûпǵһ㣬ȷǵʧ˭û»ȥЩ
òƣܳǻġ
ǣ
ʵһעȵصͷֱֻ0.18mmÿõڵֲ
ҹʱһСܳŤŤƨɣʾڿ㶵ưȡ
һ˵ʲôʱģô֪
Ҳ̫˰ɣôҪ飬Ҷһ£
ܳЩί˵ģҪ΢һôǰˣǾʧȥʵԣЩ˶ɵ
ʦҽȥ͵ʱġ
һ¡
̾ͬһһģǸνͷ˳ͷʵҪܹġ
ȵصע䣬ڳƷܳҲ취¶Լҽݣ˵ǸԼԼдҽ
һ׼ͷ֮
ܳɵɧٴοʼСģͣҪҵСNNǲολȻNѴСĽṹȽ⡭
ǴŴ룬ƫ˵NλãϸܣܹܵЩѪܲ
Ŷǽ֮ǰҪȰߵ֫Ե
ԣȴһСĹ
СûԣˣССĹԣֱӾֲ
˭TMС
ʱ򣬶δҽ
ǣܳɽģңСѹθУһллСʦѡ
ֲƾֲëϸѪܣѪֹܻѪӰ쵽ǵĲ
ͣԹɹǴʼΪһЩ
ХЩܳɱݡ
ܳɴͺСһȣʱ̱ˡ
ֵܳڣСļѾɳˣѪܵԭ࣬ѪܵĲΪҿһ¡
ϽŽɵ
ܳɴ˷һ£þƾ
ʱ΢еίذ˻ȥХͳˣǿµ΢΢鴤ӵؿһۣؾصˡ
Ȼһ̽Ȼͬܳ˵ΪǿңʵҲҡ
ѪܲڻָʵϰϰٴõܳɾȻһУϣ˵Լ˳һ¡
κæﲻϣ
ס
ܳɽţͲٶƱˣɫǳֹжεҪѪҺԴ
Ĥ
ĤǰǰԼֺĹĤ֧Ĥ֧ʹ֧ƹ棬ǰ֧֧ڵĶɣĤǰԵڲĤǰǰϥڲදֺ϶֧ڲ෢ֹ֧֧Ĳ֧ɹĤڲԵ
ǲֱежιѪԴȴ·ˣʼ͡
ҿ
ͺҿҲôģ
룬ȴܳʵż⣬ûĿˣܳһȥƺ˶ѪжΣСƤ¡
ǣҲ֤ǰֹжεɱ˰
ܳɲ꣬˵·Ϊ˱⶯ǰѳ·Ҳ͵ʧȥӪĹӦûü֧ѭǰ
ϸʱ䣬ʵ൱޵ġܳ˵ţֲ֪ˣͲ
ã
ֲ˵ŶҸո͵Ķǡ
ƶַܳﷲ㷳ˣһ£㣬˵ؼװƣ


ڶپʮ Ҫһ
ʵʱܳɿƸһ䣬΢ߵЩ㽻ôֵ
ܳɽĿģȴǼ򵥵ĽֻװƵģвٵͼ
ǣܳɱϸؽصۣȥһЩʱûйĽѧ֪ʶһһĽ⡣
⣬ڻڻǳûκεķϻǷǳ¡
ѧʵû̫˼˼ʱ򣬶Ҫȫע
Ͳ򵥣Ǹޱȡ
Ƽ˶Ǽоʵĺѧ˼ĹУĶɻ󣬵ҲûһʱʹܳɵĽ⡣
ۿܳɻϣˣһһۣܳɣɹֹжεĹ֯Ѫܵ··
ҲӦãڵĲ߱ձԺͿƹԡ
߱ظƹԵĲû̫ļֵġѧãҪν⣿
⣬÷ǳã裬ܳеĲȷģһ̶ϣܹﵽԤڣһǳؼǡ
Ĳܹĳ
ĿǰԣĳѶȣϣһҪϵʮѡ
Խ΢ĩԽϸСĲԽѣвͿܻᵼ²ɿصⷢ
ңЧʱ޷ġ
ûв˼Ѱҽİ취ܳ˵ȷʦֵĿǣǺеģҲĿǰȽϴ֮һ
ĲɿԣֻҪȽϿ͹۵⣬ҾûǱȽϼ򵥵ġ
ܳɼ˵ʦ֣ҿȲشɲԺͿظԵ˵һº˼·ý˼·Ȼȥƹɣ
ܳ⻰ʣʵǴλ˾
Ȼ٣Ҫһһһţֻ˵˼άŪøҡ
ܶ£ֲΣֲ裬ǷǳѧЧķʽ
ʾϿɣͷ̫żˣȺԵҸոյ⣬ܳɣ
ܳɵͷ˵ҵ˼·λʦ϶Ĺ
͵ѪҺԴȥ·ʵֻǵһԱ֤ϸӪԴ
ʵϣǶ֪ɣǷֳɷΧɺ͸ɵġ
Χɣ֯ⲿ֯зḻѪѭ˹ϸԴ
ڸԣκϸʽڣʵɢģ
ϸ䡢뵽ѪڡϮɢԶתƵһҪԭ򣬸λʦã˵ûе
ܳδһãûаѻ˵
Щ֪δ֪˼·Ӧ˼·۳Գ˵裬ġ
ȵͷĿǰǴĲ²⣬
ܳ΢֯һԣдѪųëϸѪĲɲ֧ѭ
ëϸѪܣǼҲһ鲻ˣ£ǻҪһǣѸոǶסѪںͳ֮ģѪٴסڲѪҺٴ
Ǹո͵ںͳڴþͳӡһǴΪɲѪҺѭ磬ҲԱѪҺͨ
ԣ˲Ŀ΢΢һ
ܳɵֱ֣ǶѪк·ˣϰ֯ڵѪҺѭ׶ˡ
֮ǰɻֻܳǶסѪܵٵںͳڣôôжֻڣ
ʵֻܳǶסȽϴ֫ĵĳڡһӪѪܣȫס
һ˵ţܳɼע΢תһ򣬶ǵͷֱֻ0.18mmʵУǿʹöͨ·
ڣΪ׼㣬Ҿעԭ·ص·򣬿ոս뵽͵㣬Ʋڸ롣
0.18mmֱܹͨ͸ѪҺܶ࣬ңһǰѪڲͨ·ȫסô·ȫ򿪣ҲѪҺͨȫڸˣֶ߲ͣᡣ
ܳ˵ţͰעͷǻصԼһģǴֺ
ԻãǿбƸ񣬺ԥ׼ݡ
Ȼ޷ƣǿĿ
ܳɲ꣬עһ󣬻ûаעε
˵ʦڣѾ弰ܱߵѪȫ͵ˣѪҺδȫڱ״̬Ҳ˴ţ
ҸнзΧԺ͸֣ܹͨѪϵģӪԴֻǴ󲿷ֵ֯һȡڹеȫг崴
ǣѪ֮֯⣬϶ϸ
ǲ͵˹ϸѪΧ֯ѪҲ͵ˡˣȻᷢգγǻ϶
ǹǿƣ崴˺ǻ϶ôϸĿԣǸߴٷ֮ʮǻҪ취ǻ϶
ڴƣǷǻ϶İ취ֲͨͭˮȽ䣬ǣֹû취ͨƵķʽн
ͳпǻǿֲͨ棬ǣȻİ취ǾǺڣڷ˹պעٳɹγӣ
ʱȻѾǿ϶յٶûô죬ŹǼܣܹϸǿԻָԭġãǵĹ޸ǿֻҪָѪҺӦͿԴﵽϵȫ޸״̬
ƹϸɹϸŨţؽ֯ãܳһһ
ǴͳƣǴƵ֪ʶãڳûУˣһλȻʵǺܿģ
Хһ̾˵Сٴϵľ飬ʵǶҪǿֻǶʵȷʵû뵽ϸĹϸήѽ󣬲дĹǼܿõ⡣
ȷһţӱ˼·ҿɲԣ֮ǰǸʲôѪܣҪ˺ܶࡣ
Ҳףһۣû˼ʣ㻺˵ɸ磬ոҲ˵ˣֳɷΧԺ͸ԣԵģֻǷΧԵ֯ôɢڵϸ
δͳ֣ô
ܳɵ˵ͷеƷҲ;ģҲȫֻɱϸĻҪĻҩ̫ࡣ
Ȼֻеıѡ֮һ
һԣúϸԼĴԡӦ÷ֵάϸɼʱһֳάϸάϸӪʡ
һ仰˵ǣдĳάϸҪʱ׼һֳάϸ
ϸҲѽԡ֮ѡϵϸѪҺӦҲΪһ㡣
ܹô󲿷ֵϸʱһֵͬ飬޷ˡ
ȻʵĻƸҪõġǣʱ򣬿̶ȵؼС˻ҩ
ǣЧԵۣܳܽᣬѵһ㣬㵽Ϊֹˡ
Щϵ˵ǵʱǴ磬޷ʵ٣ˣԶԶۿôҲû˵ʲô
ܳɻϣХȾ͹
൱ʣֱܳ˻о׶Σֻٴ˼άҵôõһ˼·¹ĹС
벻ͨҪ̫ҩ︨ܴﵽһ̶ȵɱԡ
ͳгɢڵϸȻѪһʧȥġ׿ƣԶתƣǿ
ĿǰƷǰĻƷϸִУˣȻһֵߣԤǷѡ
ҼǴﵽĿǰٴΪʱȻޡ
ΪٰİҩƺٴӦõĳɹĿǰ󲿷ֵоģƫѰԵİҩ
ʵХδѻ˵ĻǶܳɵ˼·˿϶
Ȼתͷ˳ʦ֣ʦ֣ʲô
Ʊ󼸽죬ڲŶڶҲֻǵܵܡ
飬ֻ˵ģԶɳУԶ̲뷽֡
Ϊĳ֣Х֣뵽˿ڣҲǹײСڣû뵽ȥɳһˣִһȳı̬
СȻѧԨԴʵԣǳģǰ֪˽Ľ׶ΣԣЩǣҪ˵ǳ
Ͼʦ֣İһЧİҩŪ˳ֻ˹ؼһˣ
ԿڴôɲԺͿظأܳɣοǣǳ˿ڴ֡
κоδʱֻ˵ֵڴǰٷ֮١
ٷְǸѧʣ׼ȷĸѧʣ̫о֮С
ܳɾ˵±
ʦ֣Сппλڹ̶ǰᣬе
ܳɵ㵽ֹ
ȻûȨʼ򿿣ʵֲߵĳ֣Ǹ׵ġ
һ׾ڣϾظģ£ٴЧԡ
ߵĳ֣ЩΪָǳ͹ۣ޺ãɣ
㻹ѧѧһ㶣ܳɵ֮⡣
漴ݸһЦˣɵڹ̶е㶼ܸóС͵ĲߣԣӦҲǲѵġ
飬ҪôһѧѧĳԱǵĿȣҪ֮һʱ䡣
ܳӹ⣺ϳʱСܻٴ࣬ˣήһƥ
ûȨɶ
û·֮ǰ²дⲻҲȫû緢
ܳȨְλ飬ǳС
ҽôͲܺе˾̫ǣȻĻٴҪԼ˾еҿ˿
ԺܳҪȥĵλȻǲĹҽԺ
ɲʡֱ˰
ҵǴʱ䣬ܳɻٴĻ绹ҪȨġ
ȨܳǮΪ᲻
Ϊһӣôܳɵʾͱˣǹ˾Ա˾ԱͲܹٴϣٴߵݿչٴ⣡
£Ȩһֱûܳ˵Ĺ
Ҳ´ҶˣȨѹեܳɣʵڱܳɡܳûҪ׬Ǯ
Ҳû˵ʲôֻһ־Ϣеɧζ̫Ũ
ѾˣôСܣȰһСɣ˺ǻҪһСᣬһ¾ϸڣҸ飬οһ¡
ХȻҰѿϣ㣬㻹סԺϽȥɡǳϸġ
磬Ҿ˰ٴ֮󣬵ȷʱƺܶࡣХǸһ뿪˶ʵҡ
ܳһԵٰʣµСꡣ
ΪһεĹĦ飬Ĳ˾͸ԵؿʼһЩˡ
˵ʣԻôϤûܹѽ֫ͶԲ֫Ի֯÷֣ûˣܲ취ֲָȥ
ܳûأֻóս˼άҲ档
Ȼ˼ά͸ˣɸ磬Ѫͣܲ⺣ӯأ
ֱ˵ˣʱûбҪôٷˡƷ˷ۣ뷽Ҳ죬ǷЩ졣
һЩȽ⣬Ҳ˵á
ܳʡ
룬ֲܹذˣֵòͷйǲǺˡһ˵
ҿ
⣿
ܸӲˣȻԶˬ
򿴵˼˫Źֵ񣬽˵ðɣոʵֻǿЦ
ֻǾãɸһܺõ֮ءڹɹͷλã
ƸȾʱҲǲܹõ
ϾȾǻ϶ҲܹӲĻʵһЩĸȾǻ϶Ͳýдӵ崴ˡ
зա
ֻķգСܶࡣ
ܳɵԣƤһһġ
磬Ⱦ֮γɵŧǻǾʹİ˸ˣܿԱ⿪пڣʹô
ǲǶĥһףһִ
ܳɼǵãտʱ򣬷ƣӵİ
޹ص⣬ܳɾȥ˼ˣңĺܶ˼·ҲǺнġ
˵ܲ˵Ѫܣ붯ѪȻתƹȥ
˵ܲܰ¿ļأ˵ڣɶø㡭
ûٱƤܺʱҴѧʱܳ˵ã򵽵ǲǸȡ
ص¥µʵң
ĸ˶˿ʱ䡣
ڿʼһ°ȻһԹͣǺзAAư
ϾûǮҲ࣬벻𡣡Щȵ˵
ҲǸ̥úűҵ֮ǮʵҴţŻԼǰɣ
ܳɰ²ۣҲ˵ļֲԣֻǸ˵ͬѡ
˷󣬲Űֻһţ˵ƣҲˣСܵ˼·ȻԽģ㷢ҵʵ鷽ô
һʵԼİҩֻǻûٴԣ飬ԹˮЯػͭ忹صʽ԰ְҩͼõӦѪܵ֯ڡ
ǵСܹѪҺѭͼȻ٣ȻⲻԼСԶתƵķգкöͱҪһã
Сܣأʡ
һ˵ʲô
ܳ룬ʵô꣬϶˲õĶ¿İҩɹˣֻǻûѡ
ܳɶԼʲôĬˣǶرա
ллʦ㣬Ҿüãܳɺܿ
˵ڶ㣬ǹС˵ģպ󣬹Ǽõ⣬һʵзյġΪպ󣬹Ǽγڼ䣬޷֤Ƿйϸֳġ
ڴ˿̣ƹϸͳɹϸнṹţܻ֮ǰķɷֽ
ôһ˼·ǼȻҪõǼܣôǲǰ취ѹơϸ䱾ʣǹ֯ڵĹϸһЩʵӣ˵ӵȵȡ
һһ˼·ܲȫá
ܳһ룬ˣ
ʲôǸ
Լһ׹ۣİ˲ˣܹһģȻָܹ
ðɣǽϣ̡ģ⡯ˡ
ܳɵĿ⣬ķ΢еȡ
ģ;ܶ࣬ҪϿУʱһۻҲһ֮ǰһֱûͳʦ̫Ӵ
ȻйһνӴǱɱˡ
ڶΣǰˡ
һһƽˡ
˵
ܳɶһһñʼǼΪóе⣺СܻмǱʼǵϰ߰
ˣ˭дռǣ
ǹ
ܳ˵ǰ̫ãԱźüԲñͷ
Щģ˼·ڵ߮ǰܳɵļȷôãƵһֱΪ
ƽҲ˵Լ˼·
ҲԼȽĽ顣
óĽ飬ǣ浽˹Ʒ
ǣƣƫڹؽƵ˼άǹؽƳ
Ƕ˶ҽѧ
ԼҲǶƫŲôƵ˼άֻûôޡ
ǺõŶӵð
ܳɽǵһһ¡
ȻԷԷ֮ٿʼĥĽȺͼƻ;ΪٴҲ뿪ʵҡ
ƼˣѺ滮
ܳɲСضһ죺ʦʦܲһԣûŶ֮ǰǴôЩʲôѽ
ȻֻƬû˵ȫ档
ƣʣûܳɽͰ˰
ҡͷҲϲŵõʲôûüġСǿεˣ½ǬʦʶвǳĽ顣
ǰ֪ˡ
˵á˵
һȻܳɵ˷ȥAAԷŰֻ£˵ʵĿǰǹڣʵҺͿ飬Ѿˡ
ڼʮǰǹҾӵרȨһ㣬ͳȥ˲ٵǰȥѧж
һˣˣǻиһˣΪ漰ʵҵĻܳɷ֣ԱԽԽѵû
ʵϣʵҲںһ֪ȣӵкܶרȨġ
˵⣬ֵȻ½ǬʦЩ֮У½ǬǹǿƵģԸȥģҲ֮һ
Щˣع谭ǣǻһ޴ĿհгЩǰһͻһĴ򣬱ɲôɿˡ
ԣҪǧѡң֪ЩǰٵضʼԻܵһЩȺǱҪתרȨΪ;ٶ
ǣвٵǰٷй棬ǱϾЩǰ漰˹ʵҵһЩĻܵģȻǾ»ġ
Ҳѻضɣ
ҵǡ
ŵذ˵һ飬ܳɽüͷ
ԭ
ǣ֮ǰҽѧһֱλԱҪȥѧѧϰһֱʼЩˣû̫ྭ飬Աֳڣͱˡ
ǣܶ࣬б֮ģǲԸڻع·Ҳͻزˣ˹⡣
˿ڶ࣬ר൱УҪΧɱ
ٷҲѰЩŪûرõֶΣȻ󣬹һЩ飬ѾǿˣԾҪҽгңȻЩˣûܹع
ϾǵĺĻܣòǻܵʱ򰡣ҲԵûôҪˡ
ʮǰŵǵֻҵܣڣ˭ִͳֻأ
ˣڵĺܶо׼һڳȥ
ùǿƵĳҲǰѹİҩŪ˳ҲȻ˲֮С
ЩܹعԹҽҵķչкôܻǰܴһԣðһķգǿ϶ġ
ѧĳȻӰ첻Сǲᵼ´ͻˣֻǣܾĹٷҲ뵽Ϊ£¶ˣŻ顣
ͰԸ˸ˣȻ½Ǭʦ˿˳ɹػص˹ڣǻйĿǰĺܶѧߣʧȥԼ
Ҳ˵ֶβá
ܳɳü˼ƾ˵Ŀǰԣǿ飬иõƷ׳ȥʱܹðˣ׳ȥֶΣֳӲġ
϶ΪԵĶ˵һˣ϶ǻܵһĳġ
裬ܹĺ£Ҳ
Ҳ˵ͷСܣĿǰ԰Ӧȫˣֲʲô档
ֻǸ㴿ѧֻǸ㼼ҰѧģѧʲôôȥȻûرķˡ
ҪģֻǼӿʵȶѡ
ܳɾ˵ƺͳ̣ôȥȥôӵ飬ԭ˿ⱳô˶ˡ
ƺͳ治ƴǡ
Ҳçžˡ
ܳǾЦЦеʦ֣ӲΣǽ֮¡ܱյ㣬ǻǿԱյ㡣
һ֣ͣ㿴ɣ˵ˣС˵úܣȵһƥ
治ңûʱ顣
û˵ʲô̾һ
Ѫ潻棬ˡµҲ潻棬˭̰أֻҪĿһµĻܻţǱ˺á
£һֱºҾܱҵȥˡ
п֣ʵҵһ칫ȥ
ƾͷ˵ϳĸĸڹ⣬Сʱ򣬾ͳ˹֮ǰǼľżҡ
⹫ʱ򣬸ĸδܻ䣡Ƣȥ˹⣬֪ʲô
Իع֮󣬾һֻѧˡ
ϳһܴˣˡ
ܳ󣬵˵ͷޱ飬ɫ΢Щ¡
һֱʵңϱҵԼɣأ
أ
Хأ
ţ
أҲ
⣬ܳ޷شҲûش
ƽǵʵ滮ϵ˾ΪֹˣôؼҪľ
һӦеƳڶµĻͲҪĲˡ
ܶ࣬Сӡ
Ǿ;ذ鶼źãһЩеݣȥβ˵
ܳɾ˵Ϊħ֮󣬺ʵңæһƥ
ܳҲʣʦҴȥݷһʦһȥ𣿡
ƽŲһ٣Խֱ
漴ҡҡͷҾȲȥ˰ɡһȥͺˡ
滹ʦʵô
š˵
ֲǺʦϾ˹ϵֻĿǰ޷ͬЩѡȻ벻ͨ
죬ͻȥǱߵʵҡ
Ŷ˵⣬һ顣
⣬ʵˣǲʦǱߣô㰡ϴѧҽԺǱߣ֮ǰӦúйһЩİɣ
ܳɵĴ磬ɳУ϶ǺͶ֣٣˵⡣
û£ɳеʵ飬Űɣ⣬ʵʿҵõġ
Ȼܳɵ˵ƪ£ҲֻҵףӦҲһӰɣ
ݣͳʦ֣߷ˣͶȥģ
Ҳаɣʱֻˣҵʱٽڣڣ˵һɡ
⣬£ȲҪ߸߮磬ҵúúõһŹˣٸǲȥˡƣǳȤζ˵ţе̡
ܳΪ߮Ĭ˼ӣȻƴҴҵ֮󣬱ֱϵסȥ
֮ǰ֪˴ʲô飬ǣڣȻ֪ˡ
Ȼ΢ᣬǣ£ȷԲģҵȥ˵ܲ˵Ҿˡ
һε¼ش󣬲ʧ˲ţԣͲ࣬ܶһһǻĵ̺ͱԲܰװȥʱĺӲƴ
ܳڳ⳵ϣһϢ
Ժһʱ䣬Ҫһ£ܻӼʵ


ڶپʮһ ΢Ľʺ
û뵽ǣȻˡ
ܳɣҪ£ʲôѽû룬ЩƤ
ܳǰôЩ⣬Ǻܴܴˡ
һҽܹһרһЩɫΪףרƵĿ⣬ܹһ˳嵽ܸߵĲΡ
ܳϸԼ˼·༭Ϣظһjiaoshigun
ƴûдֻ֡ҪǹˣܹԶԲӦĻ档
㶣û뵽ܳɺôס
΢΢üʲô˼ʲô
ٺϸ˵ɣѾݷ˳ʦ֣Ҵ뵽˳ʦֵŶ棬Ҫȥݷҵʦ
ܳǰϾʹ˵绰Լڼ档
ܳɴ򳵣ȻֻǴ˱棬ƴҪߺԶһ·
ܳһߣһ͸ߵȺ̻ԼֺÿʱγȻԳˡ
ԶԶܳɺ󣬾ֺǺǵغһСܣҹˣû뵽㵹Ƚˡ
̧ܳͷȥγ˭
һСγʱƺƽֱͬϸһؿغǣʱܳɾҰģᡣ
һΣγԳˣ
ܳҲûرϲγ£һŹ֣ã˭֪Щʲô
ʦܳæǰ΢΢
ߣȥˣʦĸ˵СҪɸˡҸϳˡγЦѻû֮ǰʱ࣬Ҳû֮ǰĮܳĥ͸
ֻﰵ½䱸Ҳֻܸγȥ˲г
˼ҿ壬ѹ·صģܳ˺ܶˣлء
һ㡢һֻѼӣһŹǡ۲ˡˡ
ѧˣǼ򵥵ɫĲˡ
һ·أܳɶֻǺγྼҳ̣γҲûܳκѧϵ顣
ףʦˣСҲˡγſڻЬһߺ
߳ϤףֺǺǵкһҪӹܳĲˡ
ܳЦžܾˣʦĸʦĲе࣬Ұȥɡ
ףʦ˵Скһʱûѽ˵ԪʱʦǶڡһ˶û
ܳɰ룬ʱҲΪγǰʦˣﻹ䷹
ЦǺʦĸ˳ҰæϴʦĸŰܳɸϳ˳ȥʦɣҽˣġ
ʱ仹磬ҪѼҪŹҲƣһʱܴõġ
ܳҲֻ˳˳γһײߣžҪ¥ȥ
ܳæȥæ
һ·¥ϵ鷿ܳɼ򵥵ݺ˲裬ƽϣȻܳɲ¡
γʣСܣ᲻ң
ֱӡ
ܳʵЩֵģǲңЩ˵ɳУˮô
ңְԪƽʦһǺιʣ
ҲűֳҪѧϰʱֱӰҲʿˡ
⻰ɲ˵ڣ֪ʦĵġ
γҡͷ⻰ʵϣûļλʦʵϣǶҵġ
γһ˵ţŭƿʼƷ
ܳ˵Ҳ֪ѽ
ңƽơʦֵ˵ܳɲʲôڵƣҲ֪˴ΪʲôܿƾͿˣܿƣЩ
γܳɵİţڳɳ
ʦҽҪ˵λʦֵ飬ʦ϶аţܳʵʵذѻתྵģ¡
Ǵ¡
ţ˵γŲæѲ豭δ¡
ܳһʦͳʦ֣Ҫ飬ҲһЩˡΪġ
γֵͷ£ϣƺͳһ㱨ˡҲ˼·㲻ȻЩˣƽŻС
Ǿͺá
γ㱨
˻
һѦ޵ô
£ʵǹǿͷҲ΢һ£̸µʱ򣬳ǰ棬飬ӵȥγǸܳɽôһϯ
ʦ˼ǣҪƴһ£ܳһ
γȷҪôĻôƣʱ򵽵׸Դ԰ģ棬ôнİ
ѵǣԼܰ¸߸γ
Ҳ˵ƴֻǣһЩİţֲǸ˵飬ܾͷأ
ԪͳģһҪ취ӻγ˵ԼĹǺ뷨
֪ܳ
Ԫ棬Ƕʦ֣ӦγյѧƽСγԪ̫أȥⴳһһ¡
һȥûˡ
˿γȻƲ̣ʵһֱڼƽŵߣҲй
ʦ֣׹ôܳʡ
ţ׹ݡǰʱ䣬źҴ绰γͷѲ豭¡
ȻȻһ£˵ȥʱ򣬻ǶʮСӣڶ֪֮ˡ˵ӶѾϴѧˡ
ʱɹ찡
ǿɲƽڶѾǹؽƵˣԪƽ϶Сܶ࣬Ͷˡ
ܳɾ͵ϣʦֿԴֶһꡣ
ʦҶ£һЩ˵뷨֪ʦԸԸ⣬໨Щʱ䣬һв֮ǣϣʦܹȡһᣡܳɸϽ;
˵γ˲豭ƷţͿǸĵͷԺʿļӣһͨƵġ
ʦˣʱȽ϶ࡣԣһЩﲻ١
ܳЦЦЩȻûкܶںʱ򣬱˼Ƿǳ׼ġ
һ仰ܴħģֻħ
ܳ˵⣬΢˶٣ҲҪúõһ˼·£ɲǿЦģԼ΢ᣬԸһ΢֮
ķʽмɲ͡
ܳ˵ʦĿƲãԹʱôһ仰¾  £ԣˮˮ֮񣬹ʼڵƵأԨʣţΣܣʱΨȡ
Щ˼Ҳˣһ仰ҾñȽϺá
Ψȡ
γһ٣ְѲ豭£΢е𣿡
֪ܳµķգܺԣγδ֡
û뵽Ҳû¡
ƣЩ£Ҷ˵ˣ˵ġԼѡ񡣡
ҪһЩѡ񡣡γδܳɡ
ܳɲŶͰ
Ƽ棬ܳҪ㣬Ƴ˵ҽƶԼһЩ£׸С
ֻܳ˵˵˵˵
ңܳԼĵЩСžţγ֪ܲأ
ԽΧǽ֮£Ǻ顣
ܳҲ󷽷ͷ˵˭أ
ʦҵȷе㺦£һĶԲߡ
Լǳ֮һڵ뷨;档
ʦľ棬ǻסˣںܶ෽涼Уҽҩҵһ飬Ҳ̶ʵǵķչٶȣ
ǵ˲ŴҲȱˡ
ֻǣһЩǰһЩʦǣʱ˺⣬ز
ڣܹ飬ҵǰľ棬þǴ¢Ϻͷƽ⣬ڰΪһѽöˣʧȥӦ¢ϼֵ
½ĹУһЩûصڣʦҲû˵ɣ
γͷҡͷ˵һ룬˴ţ˵뷨
ֻ˵һ룿
ðɣҵ۽Ŀǰ̫խˡ
ǣܳɻһʦٻصҿǾ
ܹħģֻħ
ԣΪβãһЩ˾Ĺ˾ǣأʧһЩĵ棬ʵǻܹӴѧ
ܳ˵⣬γüͷ
֮ǰҿһƪ£case reportʱʦҵĽǣϵƪµͨѶߣõֺ֧ϿɣȻȥ뷢natureϵĿ˹ڵ۶Գ塣
ԼٶԼ˺أԳ£һλڣҲܹͬġ
һ㡣
ڶ㣬ʦҲãʵйСппλڹ̶ٴƹ㾭飬ֻһҪƹǣĹַλ
ڵģֻһ˼·ȫͬ
Ȼһʱ֪ȥʲôŹؽڡϥؽڣ˵·Ǹ𲽣ùѾչʮһŶӺ͹˾
ԣѡû̫ǣĴȥһ˼·ص⡣
ҲʲôȽϸַ߳ȡڹƵԭ򡣹ƣǰŻƣСֱ
ڶ׵崴г֯
̵ķŻƷɱдĹϸ
ںԭϣҲδκθı䣬ֻǰƵʽ˸ĶѣһЩ߽߱ǽǣҾͲ׸ˡ
ܳ˵΢˶٣γ뷴Ӧʱ䣬Լһһֱ˵
γ΢΢ü뷨δزһõĲԣǣԻһͳһսϣҽҩ˾ͳһսߵġ
㼴ǰԼоǣǰѹһƥǶѣδػĻ˺ҧ˺ҧԻĴѹȻǲģ
ϾԣǻһͷƤϺõ⡣
γ֪ܳɵ˼ǣЩ⣬ȫһЩ˾Ȼùҧ
˹ҧǹҧһҧ֮ǰҧأ
㻹ְ˵
ô׵飿
ܳɾ˵ʦĿǿ϶ǶԵģǸģǺöܻǻһǡ
⣬Լˣ
Ǳǵǵأ˵ǻ᲻Źأ
ܳɲδֱԣǱӳ䣺ͱ磬ȵأͨĿأֱȽͨҩǰ򲡡ԿȾƵġ
ǣҩ﷢չĳʼ׶Σҩĳֻ֣ǵΪһּ˭Ҳû뵽ԼǼʵϺҩ
ѪȵѪǵҩҲµ
˼·˵磬һʧȥרڵҩͻȻŷڿĹܣµĻ
ǱЧʦãҹ˾ôһϵҩȫôһгٷٴ𣿡
ǣҲרڣԼͬЧ
ԸΪӦЩ˾Ȼ⿴ôһ·ġ
γĿһû뵽ôһ㡣
ܳ˵Ȼûеõ뵽ڴĺôǣǳȥǮˣҲһִ׬׬
ʦ⣬Ҫп͹۵ĳҲȫôΪ
ֻˮ룬ԼлΪơԼʧȥһЩʵҲһ׬Ǯķʽ
Ȼѣǻ˿ڶ࣬˲żüãܻõ취ҵʵҩġ
ӲΧǽ֮£ǻӹ񣬶ǳо۵ģΪƣǿԽǰ⡣
Ǹ˾ҩµĻǻܹõѧϵν
ܳ˵Ű΢Ӵ˵㣺ûвƷûר׷ģǲƷרܹͬá
Լ㣬㻯ΪЩҸ˾ãǱȽϿɿġ
γԣ͵شվ
Ŀ⽻ӵؿܳɣɫĿкͰͣд㵣𾪣֯γɸӡ
ܳ˵꣬ͰţĿ
˰Σγ£ҩµ˵򵥣ȴзҩҪѣ
γܳɵ˼·ܺãTMһҪĽʺԼ¡
ѱ˸ְһЩ˸
Ȼվ˵µƸߵ㣬ǲרֻûרƷİ˹ⶼʲô˼·ܹ뵽ֽİ취
ܳ˵ʦܱɸΪ֮ȽϼЩʵһˣδزǺ¡
ϾҪչԼרΪ˴ٽǹҽѧķչǷչǹҵҽѧΪ˴ٽרĵ
ܳɵĿ䣬˵ôһ󣬾ͱ졣
˵һγܲ
ܳҪ˰Щ˲ʶֻҪ¶Լ£ԼûΣյ£黹ǿԵġ
ɣǾ͸˭ȥɣǾˡ
ңܳҲ˵׳ôһ˼·Ͳˡ
ˣøҩµѣⲻܳɣ̶ĵմӣ洫ߡ
ģǳʺõô
Ҿһģ⣬ģ⼸ҩһΣһʮ֣һǧ֡
ȫ磬вҩڣжҩ
ŶˣʱȥһЩҽȻҪ㣬ͰøһЩ£
Ȼ⻰ܳǲʱ˵ġ
вҩķרֱʲô͵İеҩ֮ͬͬпܻ㣬һѾУҺܳҩȥͶ״
һ˼·
Ŀǰԣܳɾ;ã˫ңѪǵļкܺ˵þǶӪ׿һƸҩ
뻯ҩ˫Ұȫ
ȫһƥ
γվȥɣߣȥҼˣһ¡
£ô򵥵أ˵Ҫģ¹ش󣬲һܾߵģǣܹͷ
ãܳɵͷԥؾת¥ˡ
˼·ù䣡
ܳǰп˿Ǹߵ½Ǭļܡ
ߵˮܣһλʦʮ·źδܵǸԾΰ֮һ˱ܣʦԾܰȻı񼼡
ЧʱƣӵмΪĶһ̶ܹԤգ
ܣܳǺѴƸǸcase reportдµ˼·ϵġ
Ǹ񼼣
ܳ¥˺þá
γû¥
ףʦȥԷγû
ףʦˣеһˣôƢǺʦԷһ٣˵˵
ˣ
ʦĸûеʦ飬ͬСɣֻһ˲ԷҲһ첻Էġ
ܳæ˵ʦĸʦôˣ϶Ҫ飬Ż᲻úġҲˡ
ررҪ顣
ףʦȻãΪԼǸԺʿ˲Ƶģ˶óԷô㣬ٳ⡣
֣ܳز׽
ʦĸʦǰй𣿡ܳʡ
ţθ񣬻ģǰϰʱ򣬼ܶ࣬ܵģˡˡ
ϲżҶпܡףʦ²ۣʵĿ۵Ҫ
ܳ΢΢һݣʦˣҽǸҽˮƽȷǷѣԴޣҲ࡭
ܳɽ仰ʦӦûÿ궼ɣθûɣ
ûУÿ궼СԼල죬ԼԹʵļ⣬С϶ҵġ
ɲԼԡףʦ˵ţкܳɿʼԶ
ʵһ࣬Ǹϱõġ
Թȵ࣬Ȼû¥ܳҲ֪²ôܹģԣͰʦĸϴ룬ָʦȥһ࣬ߡ
ʦĸΪβȥأⲻˣ
СףʦҲеСŮ˼
ܳɳţЩˬ
ܹһʵеԵõģȻ棬ԼӸصǣܹһơ츳ѧƵʦ
ֵõġ
ܳһֱҽѧֹǹǿ⵵£ǿƣҲֹǹۡ㲡
ҽѧڵܳɣҲ˵Լļˡ
ԽѧԽ˼ԽѧԽ£϶ҪѧȻذģļܣ˵ʵżã
ҽҽ
ܳûô£ҲҪ򣬺úŬһӵġ
ͨ͸Ǿʹ򳵣ȥ˾ԺԼŮѻؼҡ
ûСŵУҲܲôˡ
ţϢˣ˵ҪӰ࣬Ϊ顣
ܳɵſں󣬰óţΪܳ˵һʱ䣬Ҫʵң԰ûֱӷ˵ͣ
ֻϣʱԹ㡣
ܳɣ쵽ȥɶôҪʵң
Ҷ˸ԷĵطǴ򳵹ȥ߻СɡֻĿĵء
ȥʦһ棬ƻύһҪĿ⣬ҲʿҵҪĿص˺һʱ䣬Ҷʵˡܳɻظ
ʵҲе㲻˼
£ûʲôӰ죬ʵӰģôණҪϵģ϶ǳԺȶʵˡ
ﻹôʱԼ᣿
γҲ֪ܳѲ͵˵ʵȥɣп˼ǵҡ
еشһЩ
ܳȷϵż찡
ܳɼֱ¶ˣȷħȻٻȥƵ飬Ǳγץ׳
ҲչԴץˡ
ȥڼʱ䣬ȷϵ󣬺񶼻ûúõһѹ·ȻǰӣҪټˡ
϶ģҴʵңֲȫյġ
ûճԹһԷ
ֻ£ķǳǳҪȻ˵ܳɲŰ
˳Էĵطһһ꣬һİ˵
ܳɾͰµȥһ飬ϸ֮
Ϳͣǰʳƺջˡ
ܳɼ״ǰ˻ӣϽԶǳԹ˵ģǲϿζ𣿡
ܳʵ֪Լô˵ܻе߰ϲʱȵСӸסǣ£˵ǵ˵ġ
عͳͦóԵģǺȻֱúİ
˿̣ԼⱰ΢ܳǰƺû̧ͷ
ΪԼʦԼ⣬΢ܹܳɸһ˭֪ܳһ粽ֱӷɵ˹ϣ̸¼䣬Ϊ֮¡
Ϊˡ
ܳⰲ飬˵ʲôİģڴ֮ǰ£ܹ˽⵽ġ
ʦҲ
ֻˣ֪ˣԱȥĻһϣҲȥģԲԣ
ͷ˼š
鸴ӣܳ飬ǴˣܹܳɲȥĴˣҪǰܳɸˣ˵ǰˣүӣó
һְѿزסĸоеƮƮģøⲻʵ
ܳɾ˵ʵҲû̫ϵҶʶ
̧ͷЦЦû
ҲΪͰοңұϰҲŪʲôģʵҲǿܶġ
ֻǺȣ˺ܶѣνǰҲģ˵飬Լ顣
˵ú棬Ҳ˵Լ¡
ܳЦЦҲܳʱҲܳ
ϽԶɡܳɿʼתƻ⣬һʱ䣬Ҳ֪˵ʲôá
θںСֻٳһ⣬ͱˣܳɣҲûԺܶࡣ
ΪҪ߻ȥ˳ԷĵطСҲԶ
ǲ̫ߵӣȻܳɲţվܳɵֱߣûӴͳŮҡ
ܳɾСԼ֣еذѰָץסˡ
Ҳû̫ķӦ˾ͶԿһۣȻ΢ܳɽһЩ˵ľ룬ͨһ߻С
ܳɰѰͻ˼һһŻ
ܳߺ󣬰æ˿ʱ䣬һ鷿һϴ̨Ĥ鷿
ǣʵ鷿ֻҪܳɷϢһʱ䣬Ȼ֪÷Щʲô
ʱܳɷϢˡ
¹ϵǻ飬ҲһŶӣһŶӣǻ飬йͬĿ꣬ԲŴڵӲӵ˵
ǵְҵһģǸԵĹһÿ˵ĹҲ֮ͬ԰Щȫ㣬ϣʲôΪ˸ʲôѹ
㻹ִĻȥһЩ˴ǣ£ʲôʵߵ·Ҳͨвġ
ǹÿˣǴ߽Ȼٴӹ˳ȱһɡ
ϲ㣬ҲΪҸΪͲϲ
һ棬ҲҲ֪ôοˣһΰοĻ˵̡
ҲԱûʦǰ㶮ŮӣҾ͵ӱΪ𣿡
Ҳǣ
ԣҲǰưЩʲô
ˣͱ˰ɣ˯Լһ٣ǿԵġܳɵϢΪֹ
ˣһЦҲ˯
ˣûʲô飬ȻһûһؿʼྼҳҪǰܳ⼸춼׸ɶ
ܳɾʰչôݣô£һ

ͬʱڼֵ߮磬Ͳһˡ
ʫȰĵӴһЩħˣҲס棬ô죿
߮ѵһƣȥһķӣ
ĵطһҲá߮˵
ҴĶܶ࣬Ҫռһ䡣᲻Ҫҡʫ귢һôı顣
ȥһһ߮籧ֻЦɵһ
һҪҵĲżҲҪռһ䡣
߮磬˵˼ôʫĺ֮ˡ
û˼Զһһ˰ɣ㡣߮ˡ
ЦܷȦ˵߮еˣ
һٷȦ˵Ҫħĳɵƻɶģھܹħˡ
˵߮粻ãɵ̫ڶۡ
˶ˣӳȥι
˭㣿ʫ귢˸ıʺš
Ҵһһ졣ҿ֤š߮Ŵϡ
֤ǴġҵձС
ʹǹ϶ġҪСڹңıЧ
miaoʫ귢һ׵èı
è߮˵еָоˡ
èĸϻ˼
è⣬СèԻȳҵš
߮ŵһ飬Ͻһµվޱ顣
ԼҪ涿ˡ


ڶپʮ ˵ĵ
Ȩӣ£ϣȨʱʡɳϳ˼⡣Ȼ󿴵ֻˣΪδϢ
һȴܳɷġ
˵༭ϢȨͰֶֻϡ
ǲֿˣ㣬Ҵ˺òãȨעΪСħ˷ȥϢ
ֻٰһӣૣ͵ҡͷôֿˣܳ

㶡֣ҲҴҡ
ȻͿܳɷϢ֪֪ôŮѣ
ʵúãҲʶˡ
ȨһˣһپͶʵˡ
ȨܳʶˣҶĸ̥ʮ꣬©֮㣬ôŮѣҲǾӡ
Ŷܳɻ֪£ΪȨıעǡ΢΢
˵¡ַܳϢ
尡
Ҹղһ¡ϵ˼ǣϵ˼ڹ
ǿһ𣡡Ȩһı༭Ϣ
ȻСħͷϢͲܰ۸ҹۣҪæģǸѣһʦֵʵ𣿡
ȨëˣҲǸ˵ȥ߮磬ȥʦܣ
Ȩȥһ׵ı顣
öȥܳ˵Һѣʲô¼ȨԼǵɧ֡
ΪܳɽǸʲôGDP¼ʤŮѸ㶨ߣ㷳ûûˣⶼùȥˡ
˸㲻һ𣬺ë߹ϵ
СħŮϢܳɵĻˣˣ飬ҲûãϾҲǵ
٣ȨһʵɾͲˡ
ҪҪϾһ㣬ǼʶԴȨ༭Ϣء
ܳħڴϣȨЩۣ΢е顣
ܲ˵Ҫôֱɣ
Ҳ˵ǴΣͶϾȥˣܳæƿ⡣
Ȩֱcopyһֹ
۾ִԲȻȥ񣬵ʵƥȴġۡƥһֻ0.6ңҶɫʮֳٶۣȻɫäоǶɫӾ١
԰ٶȡ
Ȩţһ˵Լᣬɫģûɫ˵ҡ
㳶ˣҲϹģôŮѵ顣
ҪȥŮȥˡܳɵ
ŮѣȨԽУǻУ
Ȩ˵ܳɸ磬˵һ°֪ΪʲôŮ𣿡
ţ㲻Уܳɻʡ
Ҫ뵱ͶϾ֮Ľʺ
ܳһ༭ϢȻɾȨЦ
ұȶģⱡƤ

߻꣬Сħ޹Ϣˣ㲻æ˵ѣܰһæ𣿡
ԣбҪҿ԰˵shuiܳɣȥô㣬ˣͦæġ
ѵ飬ıǸҴˣҸǮȨϽ䡣
ɲ˶ס
кӳҪԼҪÿԱŮεĵطһΣͺѳˡ
ȨֱӰֻĻ㰵ˣȻʼѰ˼ҽҩ˾ģСппλڹ̶еplus汾顭
ա
ܳ˺ܶ๥ԣͣ˰ļſڣţ氲ͬڴսһرȥ
ϲ··ϴ
ȫûܳ͵˼ܳɾͺȻһʣƽʱܲʲôʱģ
ܳĲ֪Ůӳţô¡
ʱϴͷҴˣһȦɫķžͿĨʲô
ܲͲͿ˺ױ͡
㲻Ҫȥʵҵߵϵҵߵ˷֣׼ʱš֪һƿʲôƿˮĴ
ܳɿŰӣʣЩʡô
϶аŮӶʮ֮ǰԲǶʮ֮󣬾͵ÿˣȻҪˡ꣬ȥ·ˡ
һףȫȻֻס
⣬ӺЬҲһߵŷֵʱĳš
ܳһں棬
ʵҲͦÿܳЩ۵˵
ʱ䣬϶˯һͲô
΢һǶԱ˵أʲôױƷûá˵ݣбŵƶЦ˵
ոõĶЩɶܳ˵ЩǻױƷ
Ʒˣȥ㡣΢е˵
죬ҲˣԼԼ飬ȷֻܳϲϻ۵ŮӵĻôҲֲ
ҽҪһĳȥе飬ȥҽԺܳЩ˼˵
ȷóһˣһʵңһЩȽϻʵ飬ǣõʵңҪȥѰ
ûǽȥܳŰУ鿪ȥӷһЩ
룺ҪҪȥҸ磬һ̨ã
ܳɾҡͷллѽСţˣʿվĹԱһЩ롣ȡеʱȥһ̨
¿Լܳɵ˵ɶģֻǣܹԼĶûҪȥڡ
Ȼһʱ䣬ʵ飬ǣǰ½Ҳˣʵ顢£ٴ⣬һĽģ
ԣ򷿿ѣ򳵣ѡ
Ѧ޵Ǵʿվ׼н˰ǰʮ
ʼҽԺȥܻСΡһʱ䣬ٴĻЩ֧
ɳв̶ǱߵĿ⣬ֻƺˡ
γǻûϢǣȻ˿ͷͲܰ;㲻ܰɧȻͲˡ
ֻΪ˾ƼˣȻǿԳȥɳеģǻҪиıʱץͶʡ
ڶµף³ˡ
ǺŶʱĺϢҲûٶ˵
Ѱ͵λſڣȻ˲ٲĿǿֵܳ󣬴ҾͶѼʵĿ⻻Ľ
ٶ˧ݵˣȻܹҵֵСģǶȽ۵һ
ܳɻҲʵңǺ΢ϵġ
ʦ֣ѾҽԺĲţܲ㣬һ£ܳ˵ǱȽϿġ
ʵûǮǣˣһֱȽϽʡ˼ΪţϰԼǮԼĸĸں⣬ÿ´㻨Ǯ൫Ҳ١
Уû뵽СҾҲǺܿԣħã˳ܳɿĳֵƣ档
ΪܳڵĴŴ磬ʵ䲻ġ
ļͥˮƽ϶ƽġ
ŮѸģֻʱáʦ֣һµصɣҶħǺ졣ܳɾֻ˹ȥ
ã㻹˸СŰ
СŵʱֻǶ˵һ䣬͵ͷȥ
󣬺߮ϳɣĺϳɡ
ĿĵغҲǺԶ߹߹Ҫʮӵӡ
СܣĿĹ滮ѾüĿˡԼֱ֮ǰĹ滮ƣֻҪһݾͺãοףҪ̫ı仯ܿ죬ͽ뵽״̬
ǱŶӣпдѵĺôô
ʦˣ뿪ʵҺ󣬾ȥʦļһˣûհæҺܳһʱ䣬Ҫųʦˡ
ҲҪڴʵҵġ
ܳأȻģԴԴ֮ӡ֤ȴҪʵ֣ƾ輸죬ܹġ
ǣֻĸֻ֣ıԣǴҪʵġ
Ǹð㣬ƣпˣһʵ˺ܶ顣
ХҪʱ䲻࣬ҽתѧ˶ʿˡٴ츳Ͳ뵽ٴһʱ˷ѡ
ͣÿԳСХ˼ͥ黹ǺæġΪص˵
ÿ˶ÿ˵·еˣһڣʺмͥĿǰֻŰԼĸĸӻؼңȻٿԼ顣
Ȼ׶٣ܹ̼ȴԼĺŮûУУҲøһޡ
¡
ţҲôõģʦ֣죬ҵգʱһһ۰ɡܳҲãԼúúõʶһŶС顣
ֻϤ˽ˣźþô滮ʵĽȺʵķ䣬жĿ⣬ֻٷָˡ
аǰȺԼ˰ôҶʱճХֵ࣬Ϣһ죬ðʱ
ŶӣȾƣͶϰɡʵңĥһĥʵ滮Ȼݸ˵ʱ䣬һº񡣡
һЩʵ飬ɣʡ
ܳԣһ㶣δϴ𻰡
⻰ԼŶӵĺĳԱܳɻǾãԼбҪ͸¶һЩȥ
ʦ֣ҿһ£û̫Ŀʱ䣬ȥӴʵ񣬲Ҳᣬ͵
Ҵ㡭
ܳɾͰԼĴ˼·һ飬Ϊˣز׽ܳɵĹ滮
˲䵹һ
⹤ɲٰСܣȻǣ飬ҲһɵģµжŶͬʱ룬ôһ˿˿Ŀ԰֣ء
ҩãµһµĻ⣬ܹЧܹѾֵĸãǺѽ顣
ܳɵ뷨ǺãҲпܳһǣ㻹ûз˵Ĺ˾ȿ̨˵顣
Ϊʦ֣أ
ȻһǻѹģǿġܳɷֵԶȰѹǿԼܺã
ҵ飬Ȼи߸ţܹһЩδؾȥԱָֻš
ǿ϶ģ⣬˵ˣ
ǿ鳤ĹţҿģʱȫѹƺˡƣҪְҲֳȥһЩʱ䡣
ǿ̫ˡ㻹ٴ⡣
ôһ㣬ȫҵˡ꣬̾һ
˵ܹһʵţһ˵˵ҲǼõ顣

ӵһҶĳͽüͷʵҵȻҪ̫ߣôҲۡ
һǣ죬϶˸Ǵ绰ûôģߣֱȥһҡ
Ϊǳˣŵ
ܳϰյߣƫͷ˵ʦ֣ʵĵΣͦİ

ǰ£ʶʵĵˣҲûãֲǽۣùҪҪѹһ¿ĳɱ
ȻõĿ⾭Ѳ٣ǻǲҪ˷ǮΪԼġ
ܳɾãƺΣй¡ҲûʣȻǹ£Ը˵ģǾǹȥˡ
һ죬ʵģס
һҵʺõģҪ̫ߣ˾֮һ˾ǲһЩڿĽչ
̾һû취ˣֻȼˡʵڲе£ʵԤɡ
ʱҪɲǰôϸ¡⼸ңѾõʵˡ
ܳ⣬һ˵ʦ֣һ֪һңǹȥϲʣ
µģմãҪҲǸģҲԿҽȥܳɽȨ
֮ûǰǲֱȨı˽ڶʵ£ȥʣӦûġ
ȥǾȥɡ֣µģȽϺõʵģԼûȥģǿ϶½ģûؿ
ȻĻ϶кܶʵģһ򽻵ģϾĿܴ󣬾Ѻܶ࣬һ⡣
ܳɾһ·˽ӽλá
³֮󣬳һ£λûͦƫģռйоأôƫԶĵطп𣿡
ܳɾͽ˵Լ˾ΪԼ˾ʵأԲǶӪҵĿǰֻӪ
͵ҽҩ˾ԼʵĵģȨȻҲôһͶʻ٣ھ޴гǰǰҲͶʣ
ͽħôһطڣھ͸ˡ
ؽҵģĿǰΪá
ʶܳɵģֵؿ˳һۣҽλ˭ǰûG
ܳɾ˵ʦ֣ʦ֣ʦ֣Ǽһ°ɡ
Ҳ⣬ЩطǼΪ˷طãЩطй¶ܣ
һ·뵽ʵһغ󣬳ܳɾͷֲ֣࣬ǣԶиԵ
ʵģһˣܳɺͳӭӵ˽Ӵҡ
ܳ˵ɫԥһ˵ҽҲ֪ϰ彨ʵģǶҵģҪΪ˹˾з
˵ĻҾֱͿˣҽĻҿϰ
⸺˵꣬߳ʵң绰ȥˡ
ʵģģСǺӣʡ
ܳɾ˵һѿģ֮ǰСппλڹ̶еҹ˾ģĿǰҵ񡣡
ҲǸ𲽣ˣʵҲǸĿǰ⿪šǿҪһõʵҾͺƤʡ
ܳʵŵȨġ
ܿ죬ǸξЦ˽ҽϰӦˣһ˵ǹ˾Ŀǰҵԣʦ֣ԱҪһЩʵԼͿɡ
Ҳöۣ豸ҡʵЩԼʱþͺˡ
ô󷽣
㶣û˵
ллϰ塣ܳһЦδ⡣
Ǯ֤Ȩӣ֪ԼΪãôĿ⣬϶ҪעʵĵģΪʵĵ֪Ŷȣ
ȨԺҪзҵ˲ţԼʵĴɿŶȸߵʵģز١
ǮҲԣҲ顣
ܳǾûжֻǽ˵ǰԤһɣԽԽãĿǰǿ飬Ҫֻϵ󣬻ֻӡ
ԷܳɾһһԼҪ˵˳
˲䵹һǵ˵ͷõģҽ
ȨԽˣܳҪ٣ȸ
ǣܳôʨӴ󿪿ڣһӾ͵üԤ㣬Ҳֻ˵ԼϰɵǮɣ
ܳɶԹ˾Ĺ׶㣬òƣҲܶ࣡

˳ʵңٻҽԺȥӰ·ϣܳɾȴ绰Ȩл
Ȩ˵Сһ׮أ
ܳɸ磬ܵø˵˵ôĿʲôɣǮˣҲô֪ȨȨЦǺǣʼԡ
ܳɫһݣȨӣ£㻹ȲҪ֪Ϊðɡ
Ȩȴ㻹ңҸ㣬½ǬݣҶ绰ˣҾǿҵʲôʱ򡣡
MMPҸ㣬ܳɡȨɫһӷǳ֣ء
ص·ϣҶ˶㣬вԾĻᱻҼġ飬ǻǲҪȥȨ
˵飬˵ĶԹǼëϵ
ܳһ㶡
㻹ң
ֵܣΪԼ飬ͷȥʲôҿ϶֧㣬Ϊ˵飬ðյ飬˼ҲܴӦ
ѣ˺Ҳ֣ͬͬʱǽһʦ𾴣ʲô˰
ˣôôҽǮ˰ԡҪԼ
ңܳɣΪҲʦô
һ·ֻûʲô飬Ϊ֣ݰҲãʲôˣǣңʦʦ
Ҵ򽻵ģֻʦ֣ݰ̣ǰģҵǳ顢ѡһŲԤ
޷Ԥһ֣ͦݰ̵ġ
Ȼҿǵһ֪ġȨеʡ
Ȩ⻰ܳһȨŴ
Ҫ伫Ƕ˺ãҲĺã
˵Ȩһֱ
Ȩ֣ģ
֪ѡԾûû˵ΪҪ˵Ϊ˸ҽͣ˸ңȻ׼ʱҵ飿ϣҲҪ᣿
ܳɾþòػȨǱߵһ䣺ܳɸ磬ǲǶеҾ˰
ûСһʱ䣬֪ôء
лл㣬Ȩӣİɣˣ̰Ӳȥðյģǣһ̶ϣΣϵûе¡
һǻһġ
ϣһԷҹգң㣬ʦˡְܳԼʱ䣬˳ȥ
ǸŮأȨʡ
ˣ
Ҳֵܡֻܳô˵һ䡣
֣
ޣ
˵ϣһ仰ԼԼģ飬ֻнˡ
ĸĸұʾأҪΪĸĸ޶ʲô˵ȥǵǶء
֣ݰ̵飿
ܳҲ޷һõ
ֻǣһ˲䣬ܳɾãÿ˵ѰȨȻǮҲвٵƣҪϵ»ľ棬ûʲôѡ
ȻأƻûʹǰʹһΡ
ԼԼ֪֣ݰҪɵ֮ǰԼôѡ
ܳҡͷãȨôѪ侲ǣûôһڵƣ൱Ǳ֣ݰײ͡
̣ǻ򣬱ȻǶ۵⣬ôʹֻԼã
ȨӳɳˣͳɳԼ㡣ǰһУֻԼαװ
Ȩո˵ЩܳɾˣҪˣѡ˵ѡĺѡ
Լ飿
ˣ
ڼƶģԴˡ
ܳҿһȦֻǣⷴʶԼûУ
ҽԺ£ٴ˳Ȼ󼸺̱˸ʻϡ
̫ˡѧ˺öණƣָ˵
ȥţŰɣܳɽ顣
Ҫ۲ͣҪϰࡣҪȨһվǰˡ
ܳһۣȻ˵ǲûʱˣ
ܳһɻȻ֪ܳɵ¶ʮһյġ
֪ѽ
ܳһЦǿ۲ͣԼȨһǿԻҹҲôϲԵ⡣
ǰգϡͿġ
Щʧ͵ǽϣ͵ʱǰ˿ȻؼһˣҰǰˡ
ͣǸҲóԺܾáܳóȻûʧ֮ɫ϶еʧġ
ǰˣȻԼھ۲ͣһԷ¸ˣŸ߰ԼҪ
൱ǱֹٿһյĿԡ
Ҳп͸㡣룬Ҳǡ
һ·ư˹յؿһұȽƫƧ
ͣ˳˵Ҹ罨һұȽϺõĵطұԤ죬ȥʣܲǰͲ͡
һȥʹǿԵġ
Ǻܶ࣬Ǽ۸治ˣ˵λıۣϡ棬ܳɳԵһˡ
ҲûƽϣһǰһţţȻٵݲͺ¡
ʵңҺôʡ
ţͿ԰ѳȨǸʵģʱһʱ䣬ǲ⿪ӯġܳɽ
ͻȻЩʣͲϰˣ
ܳɳƬ̣Ǿ㡣
ܳҪѰ˼ôһµġ
Ҳû⣬ֻǵʱҸ׸Ҵ绰ˣңʲôʱٻɳһˡ
ҾͺˣΪʲôҪ绰ңرܳɺͰ̸Щʲôǣ׵ͺ֡
ô˵ܳĿһʡ
ؾˣϰڴ飬˵ʱĸһħĩҪе顣
תһ¡
ܳɣǲǸϰʲôԻҩôоӣģȻѧԴˣġ
ܳɺǺһ
㻹Ǽģǲ֪ģ棬Щʲôɣ
о׻ĸ￴ŮԽԽ⡣
ܳ˵꣬е죬˵ħ϶ģҾ˳ңôֱӴ绰أ
ʲôݣϼ
ûаϵϿ϶绰ˣǣϾڣΪҪŰˣȻҪʰ
ЦҲ֪
ܳɣ˵ԺҪҪȥ뵽֮󣬾Ҫȥ;ÿܺܲϰߡ
⻹жðͿǵôԶˣ
ܳɾ˵ԺȥħչǻɳУ
Ҹ˾áȻܳɲûô⣬һŮӡ
ǻɳзչġ
ɳȥ۾΢΢һʡ
ǰûԼӣܹɳлܻöá
˵İ취ģȻħ;ܷʵҲкܶ಻ĵط
ңɳУ㸸ĸҵĸĸڱʡڣҲǾڼתܳ쿴Ĺԡ
ΪһкӣŶˣҪһݶδĹ滮˵Լһ
̫ãҲ̬ȡ
¿϶ҪõģǶδҲҪ뷨һζϡͿǶʮµ˲Ÿ顣
ʮ
Ҿö԰򷿶Ҳʲôѹħ;ΪĽͨʽԼĻܶµ졣
ʵɳУԼڴģֻܳߵ̫Զ뷨
ֲֻǷӺͳӣˡ顢ȵȵز롣
ЩطʺϴƴЩطʺϼҾӣЩطʺΡһЩطֻʺѧϰܳ˼˵
ģ棬ܳȥ˺ܶطУһݹľ
ԶԲģǹˣϲѽڵԲֻ֮صԲȱϲʱ̻
Ǿͱ߱߿
ⶼ·ˣٵʱܲܳʱ䰡ǿҸõĵطȥΡȻܴ󵨵˵
Ϊ۸˵һЩ˽ܵĻܴ󵨣ǽڡ
ô滮ֻơ
Ͼˣó



ڶپʮ ۵
ؼҺԼĹۣʫ꣬ħ棬治Ҫס𣿡
Ұæҿ԰Կǰĸ㡣ԼϢ̧ͷ͵͵˿طԼ
û͵ŷġ
Ŷ߮˵ҪңҪȥסʫɾͲô֣ڻʱ
ݺ;Ƶս˻иӣͲˡ
ҲץЩɧ겻٣ɱ˽ȵˡ
Ҹѽ˶ܿŵģҪǲС˺ˣɾͲˡ
˵ԽûоˣԽջ󡣡ʫĻţðе
û취ʫĻԻǲԣЩġ
ټʫȥֻǰ£ڷ㰡㣬ǿˣٻعѾˡ
еô죿
ԷʱܳһȥøΣܳƶԼʱûʱġ

ܳɻصһͷ鷿˰֮⡣
Ҳ˵ĶոǣŰʱСϵܾеֻǣܳбȽҪ飬Ҵڣ͵ÿʼ滮ˡ
£ǱߣûеõܳҲҪȥ
ȸ£һһָظ󣬾ʹظˣҪô޸ģҪôȥϵһ²ο׵ߡ
ƪletterʱż£Ǹ޸ģȻٸ־༭޸һһ޸ľͿˡ
Ȼܳɣ־ҸͶ⼸־ɺԼҲҪѧȥͶµһЩɡ
ʼܳɱ˼Ȼʼд滮
ģᣬû
֮ǰҲһЩ滮ܳɴһһ̽
ѡЯĳʼϡ
ܳɾѡ˼¶ļܣ΢Ƭ̣ʼ˵һεģ⣡
ģ⿪ʼ
ĿǰѾӵһٴ⣬˳˳ˮĹ̡ȻԼıĴ£
պĵʦ϶Ĵ𸴡Ȼһʦ޷ܵҪҪ
ʦûͬ⣬һУ
ŮҲĿǰ飬ֵе㽩
ƾԼ˳һһλС飬ǰԶ̵绰㣬ŮôҲŮˣҪ飬͵
ٴβĵ绰ʱԷĵ绰Ѿػ˳ڹ⣬ĶڵһЩϢʱͻȻ֣СڵĹ˾Ȼ
ܳĿⲻ˼¿
ٳϵʱǵģС鸸ڵĹ˾Ůѷظ㷢˵ǸϢȫ֮
ºŮѣ׵ضϾϵͬʱѾƾԼʵ뵽һʵҵڲõϿɣҳΪʵŶǳҪһԱ
ɹõĳ֪ѧĲʿѧλҷ˶ǳзר֮㿪ʼʵҴںĵλͷһƬͳޣʼڹߡ
ĺϾĸĸڼ̧ͷѾƾӱ𴦡ĸȥ˺ܶǮԭ·ء
ܳԲΪ
ʵңƼ˼Һзҽҩ˾ɹǩԼõ˲͵ҫ
֮ɹشԼҽҩ˾ͬʱڵʵңΪĳȣΪʵ֮һʵҵĳԱʼ
ҿʼ˹Ƴһ׹геȱ󣬹ؽĴҩڼ̵ʱʼͶ뵽Ӫ֮С
㲻ǿʼˣܳ㡣
ʮ֮ɹ𾪵Ļصоڴ꣬ƾı״Ĺɹõ˹ΪҫĽ
꣬ϵĹףٴλ١ͬʱȫҸУʵҡ˾ȥʣϣܹ
һһӦʣ
ʮѾ֪֮꣬Ȼĳҽҩ˾УһôڵĹԱҴһɨ֮
ԷȻһȻΣǣд֪Լ·ûꡣ
ʮȫﵽ塣ʱȫ磬һΪ˼Ц¼Ϊ߽ųǱҽѧߵĳѧߡ
һʮӴŵҽҩ˾ɶȻԿ乤ʦҵԱͶߵݣȫ֪˾Ҫооݣ
ʹʧ٣䲻
ģ⵽⣬ܳһҪԣôҪ˽ˣŵݣȥ͸ȸôȻȡܡ
ȻǱ˺ܾòܷӦͻζ
ܶ๫˾Ѱ㣬ʮȥҷ֣˻Ϣй¶⣬ûκεľ֣յԼ˾ĺļûκξֵĴڡ
λʯ󺣰㣬Ҳû֡˶ǰĲ²⣬Ըı˷
ʮԱ¼˽̿ȴȥжоĴڣֻǴڽ̿ľһʡ
ʵģĵʮ꣬ĬеҪϺѡԾԾ֮ǰΪεļˣֱȥдһš
Щţûһ⣬ɹصִﵽĿҲҪˡ
ģ
ģۣ޳ܵ޳ܡֶΡ⣬ĴʣΪΪҽѧķչôоڽ̲ģһسڷ̲ϡ
ȡΪ͵
ɻһܡ
˶У⣩һΪĵĴУСڣ㲻֪һо󣬶һĬĬע㣬ԶȥһӶ顣
ЧҪעˣԶ޷ģһֱ֮żֱһ
ʱܳɵģԳ鶯һ¡
Ͷ˶
ڴ֮ǰ밲ṳ̂һԣǣ涼̫ԣǰ˵оʱûĳ֡
ܳģУ㿴ˡڿʮʱ򣬾Ϳһó֣ʶԱ
϶ǰˡ
֮ǰģУܳҲʮͣȻȻһ
⣿
ԼôѡǶɹܴ˺ɣϾڵ˶ԣҲܳΪҪôѡ
Բ𡣡ģ磬ܳҲΪΣȻ·Ľ
⣩ðɣȻо޳ܵģȷ磬ӱ˲²ⲻݣȥȡ˾ԲȡĶ
Ч⼼ܣеʱѣһ̶ϵ˼άȡ
ǰִǰ֣Ϊ΢ĶΪĴʵСΪļܰܰҪȫϡҲǣõķ
רҵܣޡ飬Ϳҽѧκιô
һεģջܳ΢ԥ
ϣõģǵҲһģĿġ
ǣڶܣȴǱȵܻãȥģ⣬϶ǻв˼֮ЧģٽһƵģ⣬ܹܶ಻ҪĶ
ֻǣһܣ
ܳɺ£ȻôСģǣ
Ϊʲôȫѡͳ˰
Ϊԥܳջѡ˵һܡ˶С
ܳɾϸٿ˿ܵЧҪעˣԶ޷ģһֱ֮żֱһ
õúãҲδⲻһ񼼰
ܳĬĬȻֻģĿʱ䣬ʺһ䣺Ϣ𣿡
ڴϣʫ죬һ¡
Ҫ˯ѽôˣЩ壬ҲʫһЩ⣬˽ܡ
ݾ˹ԡ
ûʲôˣ˯ܳȻȻ˵һζ黰ʵܳɴ˿ģΪʵı
˯˾˯ˡȻЦ۾ëһ䡣
ʲô˯ǰĲڣ

ٴηֻܳɾͿ˵ڶεģ⡣
һΣܳɵ˼άٱһ£ʱ޸ģΪļܣԣܳЯĳʼϡ
ͨ˶Сߵ
ЯģȫܣԣܳһΣɲߴѧ·ߣҪ뵽˵ڲ
ģ⿪ʼ
Ȼһģ⣬Ϊ˼·֮󣬵һ仰ͱͻȻɧ
ðɣȷһͦˣĿǰҲǼΪɹ۵ġܿؾĿǰڵҽԺչֵݶΪŮ
ӦһŮ㵲סǰŮѵŭ𣬲ңļҲΪǰŮѿܻ˼ҡ
ǣһһס¼Ȼ㱾ϣԼ뷨
ʦľܾΪĿǰӦôڹڡͨɹ˯Ů֮һС̡
ҪλܿͿԽʦȫѧݣ͵˹ȥѧ
Ϊ뼸λŮѾʹ˶ϵˡȻٴʹõ˱ܣ˶УܿƵƵżһλǳҪ͡
Ǹˣԣܿͱ뵽˶ԷĺԭͬʱܿҪλĳǳ֪ʵ
һµʱŵĹֳһЩͬŮӵζҲʵģˣܿȦڣһ
Ѿˣ˼Ůѣڵ㣬ѾĳŵĹүкΪ飬мڲ࣬󡣡
ңɹ˺ܶǱصķգķղ׽úܶ˶ʮּɵ޿κΡ
ĸĸȻ⣬޿κΣҲûǿعֻϵԽԽ٣ǰȥϼңꡣ
㶪ǳҪǣҺڿʼͼıһ¡
ˣʼͶʣɹش뵽˸ҽҩ˾ڲٶ㣬ԷݶٵĹɶݣ˺ܶĵϡ㲢ȡǽĬĬؼ
ʮ㿪ʼԼĹ˾ԼӵкĵרЩרˣļλѣңӦĹ˾չٶȺ͹ģΪ
ʮΪԼй˾ĺľָƣ˽Ƿǳĵļδ¶֣ˣ
ԽԽĹ˾ʼҷǳ󷽵أ͸ȽϺĵϣңҲڽܡ
ǣȻ֣ӴϣֻΧϡˣЩݷˣ֮
ԼͶʵĹ˾ģԽԽ󣬼ڵĹ˾ĳ̶ȣǣ㿪ʼ
ʮɹջһλòҼʮԺյСޣɷˣǴˣȴһλʮѧߺᣬӵгʶĳס

ܳɿӷǳףԼ޾Ͷˡ
ʮʮ㣬ɹõҽѧʱķծҲʼƵƵع
һǧɣڵĹ˾ҲܵӰ졣
գ˶ذɱ
ߵδѣ
ģ
ģۣӹӹµµһһ޽
ɻһܡ
ܳüͷһ壡
ô°ôͻȻˣԼմжûأô˶ذɱأ
ܳ·һ飬
üͷ
ٿջ
˵ޣ⣩õѣʵǿΪˣѣ֮ǰ˽㡣ֵͬԼ
Ч˼ܻܵ˵񣬲롣
ҿȨƣ
ˣ밡µģֻˣɱҸë߰
ܳ벻ףܣ϶ǲѡģ
ܳһģ˼·ǣȴʱȻٴѧԼһȨȨ֮󣬽һ͵ͼݻѧݵʽúܶ๫˾оԱϡ
ȻٴǵϣһЩؼϢʵģĹУѾǿʼֶˡ
ӵм˶УϵЩˣ϶޴ɶݣؽƵƵżôҲܹΪ꽻ɶġ
û뵽ֻ㵽һ룬ͱȨƸ˽ˡ
ȱϰһЩִ߰ϰȫ棬Ҳȫ档
ܳҲûѡˣϰѡ
ʱһ飬ðɣϰ߰㣬ŵģ඼ƵԴͬӰ㣬һһ
о仰˵úãеĿ֣ԶԶ֪ĿôأӹЩ󣬴ܳɵһЩ棬ǲСġ
оͰˣڡ
ŶǼʮһЩ˾ڶԼҩƷӦ֢̽зչЩϣЩȽȫ
һЩǲȱģϾܳɻûߵһ
ڵԼаǲ̫ʺˣԼҲ֮ǰǣҵԼˡ
ڵԼ밲ȨǣǲҪ̫аģһЩȽϳ˼·ȽϺã
ܳȻͿʼ˵εģ⡣
ֻЯһ⼼ܣģȻѧܡ
εģ˼·Ǳǰ漸Σ΢һЩˡ
ºڿΣңͨĵʦһЩΪĵĻܡ
ƾǻۣЩܣȫס֮һĪʧˡ
֮ɹصִ˴˰ң㿪ʼԶڵͬ
ܳԼ͵ȥģڣԼֵ
֮󣬾ĵʦͨԼĺѣĬĬŵʱ
ȻֵõĳλʵҴмһλ֪ҽҩó׹˾зܵʶеĹ˾ܾʦӭӣùؼļ׸˹˾
ΪġͶ״ܿ챻ãңΪĵݱȽϹؼˣڵĹ˾ܿעӦרȨ
ڣһƬѾǳԶĿǰѾҪλҿʼΪ˾ıߡ
ʱŮѣĬĬسǰʲôû˵ֻͣȻ˵Ĵ㡣
֮ڵĹ˾ʼһռȫٷ֮ʮҩегݶҽҩ֣ʼң
֮вٵĹ˾ܵ˲ǣоͰһλʦڵĹ˾˾ȱɹع
Ǽ֮ĳı֮£ڵĹ˾ʼ̻ʣѹһЩǹ˾ר׵ʵ빫˾ڵĹ˾أʽۺ񣬺ܿʤ
ͬʱΪʵұѹɢǹ˾иˣòı·ĵʦ㣬ѾһЩʦص˹ڣʿɶֹ
㣬Ȼû
ʮʶǰĹʦݡΪڹ˾Ĺʦ㹫˾̲й˾רļĿҽѡá
ڵĹ˾ɶ쵼ˣ˱仯ȨλΪ㣬ѼָĺϣͼԼĹ˾ɾްԵ¢ҵ
뷨ǹ˾ĹɶһµģҲǹɶ֮һ
ˣٲ꣬ǹ˾ͱɵáˣҽҩҵĸ֣ٴγڴʱȻˣ˹뷨
ܾ˵֦һߵݣɹ꣬Ѿʮĸ䡣
Ųʱ䣬ҽҩҵʼͻǣһԾгΪʾͷļơ
ͬ꣬ĸĸǵ֪뷨ԭ㣬ֻΪ
ͬ꣬ĶӣҲһԾΪ˹Ϊѧߣǣѧݣܵ˶˵ɣǼҴ
㲻Ϊ֮Ҳڿ״̬нľʱһЩתĺӡ
죬ڡ㱻˹ʿ˫ۡ
ģ
ģۣӿΪĴڣҽѧδչҽҩҵȷͻͽߡΪ棬Ϊ˷չΪǰУڸǰС
ҿҲô
ԼѧߣȱˣٽҽѧĽҲΪҽѧҵķչ˹ˣ
ٿջ
ΨһջҵԼϣһϣһķܶʬǲк޾Ĺ£ȫΪһݣִϣõϣ
õˣװ
ܳٴĶȻǷ˺ܶණУصϣоݣǰҽƹ˾ĸּ
Щ˾ƻЩ˾Ƿİ
֮ҪôһܳԼǣҺÿƵǣô£ֵĶ󣬾Ͳܴˡ
öڶ죬ǹˣⲻˣ
ˣҪö
ңһεģ⣬֤ܳɵ˼·ǶԵģܹ½ǬݵĹ˾ֶͨΣɱƬײôĲŶûˣȻҲͿ԰ȫˡ
˭ںһloserȥأȻ½ǬݣҲȥ˾ǣѾûôҪˣ
ˣӦҲˡ
ܳϿ˿ַ˰ֵһ֡
ЦĬĬģʲô˵ԼҵŮӣҶ˰
Ժһõ㣡ܳõԼҪĶ󣬾ʱһ
ȷˣԷֵģѪԣƴĹ˾ҵˡ
ѰҹؼҩҪʱ̣
ʦɡܳɵͳૡ
Ҫ˵˭ߣܳɣ
No߮硢ơ½ǬݵȵȣǿõĶ԰ǿ϶ԼĹ
ţֻܳվھ˵ļϡ
Ȼٴģʱ򣬷Χɿ˺ܶࡣ

Ůѣ˻ĵáܵԶ෽ף
ͬ꣬ĳλʦ֣ʵҺ󣬴һ٣֤ʵķõġҲֻǴһ٣Ϊ÷飬Ƿˡ
ֻǱ̰ͷѣң£ɡ
ʮ㷢֣ŶӶ˺ܶˣдǰɹңŽڵʵҡ
ֵоǳ㱻Ե
ǣٴǲɵģȻڿչԼĿ⣬ӵԼŮ
ܳɿ⣬²ۣһģǶӣһģŮԱǲעġ
ţͲͬ״̬ʱصġ
ԣܳϣԼһŮ̥ãŮҲС
ʮƾԼŬ츳ֲ˵ĹʧΪٴϵĳɾͣɹػԺʿ
ĺӣӶΪ
֪ͬ꣬ȼӰٷҩõĿ⡣
Ŀ⣬ǳ֮󣬳ΪЦԿգ
ģ
ģۣͨͨһ
ʵͦõģͨҲҸĸڣ޶ϥǰ漸ģַӿҸ
ʧܵĽ
ܳҲ٣һξͳɹģԴˡ
ôҩҲ˵һӾܹҩõĿԵģܳţһܹΪǰģʱ򣬾
һһԣЦģѡ
ģ֮УҫҲգҲգ̡
ܳѾúܿˡ
յĵڶģ⡣
ܳȻһ
ǣģĹУͨҵŶӣҵһĿԣ
ǱȽϳҩ˫ҡ
ȻܳɾãҩΪҪҩĿߣܣǣΪ߽ǵĸϣǹʸġ
ֻϧҲֻ̽ôһԣܻҪһЩ仯
ûϵ´ģˣҲ顣
ʱܳҪҵģǹڶ˫ҵģȫϣУģ񣬻ʵУܹĵģҪúõһ
˯һ
ܳʼףϣʵ˼·
ʵģ⣬໥Ӱ죬ܳɾãԼ϶ܹҵرؼĳɷ֡
գ
磬ԼŶӳ˷˿չ飬ǶǸĶƿ⣬Ϊ룬˸Ϊ꾡󣬾ʹݽίԱᡣ
ʵֻ߸ʽǻҪߣźú£һʧ
Ȼ󣬳Ƽ˵Լʵ滮Ͱţ˵ҪʦԼʦǣȥǾϸһ⡣
ҲԼ뷨ãʵĿ⣬ںһ£ͱ磬԰ܳ˼·ط
˼άķǸΪ۵ķȻܾˣ˼·ȷоԱҪġ
ûȽۻ֮ǽ飬ǷѪܵѪƵĿⷽˡ
ʱܳɾپˡ
ܳɿЦĴûؿˣƣЦô
ģԼһģ滮
ⲻǣʦܳɸ㣬𣿽ܳɸգҹϲ㰡ֳˡȨɲŵ
ƾ˵Ȩ˵ǿ飬ʵʵ飬ѼǮһ£Աģ㹫˾ҲŸ𲽡
Ǯ̫ã
Ȩظ˵ʦⶼСǮ㣬ǸܳɸգͲҪǮʲôˡ
Ǯ˵ûȥ׬
һ飺ǰ䷹ôѽһΪûԣڹɣ
ˣ᲻εܹǱҪǮĺóԡȨƤЦ
ʦллûҶ
ɧôȨĶ֡
ܳȴóȨǸҲ˵û£ΪһµǸ
£˵ã
Уϰֶһͷ͹һˣƷ˷ۣ̾һ
ƻһתȨһ˼άȽϻԾ¡
ŮˣҪôȽϺã
ðɣȨ˷ۣܳɻظôء
һ˵һǸˡ
ڶǸˡ
ǵǸ
ȻֶɵĻǾֻһ취ˡ
ΰ˵ҪһˣʳȨһ仰û˵ˣֻ۾ֱؿơ
ƱһһӣҵôϹģôŮѵأ
ǣֿܳɡ
ȻãƣҲĸ̥
̾һƾҡͷˣһȥٶһ¡
Űһʱˬ׷޻᳡֮ǰƷֵʱǽһȻηڲˣҪʼеζˡ
ȨЦǺǣʦҿѧԺ̽ң
ﰵ˵ֿˣţ˭Ⱦҡ
衢ģҪֱȥѳʤŮѸˣܳˣ



ڶپʮ ֮
ʱ仺ţһΣһܺ
ܳȻг߮Թۡ뷽˿Ŀת߮ǲǵشŹǷ
ܳɿٵزֻСƺ󣬰λ˳ȴǳܳɵλãǷ
ǳϸȲ󣬲վλȴһ¼̨ϵĸָ豸Լ׼΢ͱǱʡ
ʦɸ磬߮磬Ҿȿʼ˰Ҫʱָ㰡һȻΧ˿
ͷߴ٣Ͻʼǵʱ䱾ͺܽա
ǱʵʮһͻϹֵʱ䣬̫ࡣ
ǵڶʵС֮ܳǰǼֻĿǰԣͨCTԱȣ֯Ա֮ǰС˺ܶࡣ
ڼŹ۲죬ķӦɹǷӦתƵҪʱȥѻ
Чҵһεʱܳڸ߲Ƶ½еġˣһΣܳѾõ˱Ƚרҵе
ˡ
顢ĿɲԺͿظԣһ̶Ͼһ̨ļֵ޷ظôֵҲ൱ޡ
ܹƹĺǱȽϿ͹۵ġ
ԥʵʵؿʼǡȻܳѾг˲ٹѪСȲĶλ׮ǳνӴͰ࣬õġ
֮ԵһֵǷΪӹȻżĽ鲻ŵȷȽó˼
ʵһѡĶ߮磬߮ľΪήң
һ㣬ҪܳɿֻЩȣ̿ںֹ
ʱøƽһ֮΢ֲűøȳ
ܳɵĻ÷ģ߮磬˿Ҳ˾ޱأĿ⣬۽̨ϡ
ķʮˣܳʾ˲ڰٴΣ۵ȣΪͨ͸ˣܿѱú󣬱عֻСλá
ţԥС񾭲λʼ̶ͣסС󣬻֫㻺ֹͣ˲ĸо˶ĹܣҩЩļҩ
󣬷һ飬ȻŷǳŵƿСƤܳѡäٽ뵽N˶εѡ˲ֿš
СпƤƤ֯Ȼ¶˼Ĥƿ˼ĤٴN棬СطҳһֱϴѪܡ
Nֱ˲䵹һɸ磬ƽʱôä٣ȥȻٽķ֧
Ҳܳ￴һۣҲûظĲие˷ʱˣһѾȥķӡ
򲻸Ҵ⣬Ͻб˽ĶˣȻעƿѪܣŻش򿪽˵ѪǯָѪҺδܶѪҺƳ
Ȼͨרõ׹֯ؽʹ֯Nڡ˲䣬ѪҺȫʧ֤ʹܳɹˡ
СעһЩʶöԴӰ󣬷ŻбΧľܣʹӰı־ڻѪҺϵͳ
ڴ֮˳ͨϵͳĴ󣬲ŵõ֫ѪҺϵͳĴ־ͼУѪΪḻ֮Ȼ֯ڴɣ
Ϊ˼Ѷȣܳɵ˸е豸ƳļͬЧֻǹ̸Ӹ߳Щ
ֻҪﵽĿģʵٶȣǿԲôģͨȣʱ䡣
ϸƬĹУüͷ壺ѪҲ̫ḻ˰ɣ
ѹֲѡ׼ĶͣҪй㷺Ѫ͡
ܳ˵ϰԡ򣬱ƿأظģȻ涨˵ֱӲӪѪܡ
治ϰѵ룬ƵʵλãȻٲλԿʼ͵Ĳˡܳɼظ˼·
˼·һģǲѶȺܴ󣬲Ҫһ͡
˵꣬˿߮磬߮ĿתĿ⿴䣬ʵе룬һûôϢõӡ
߮Ҳע⵽ܳɵĿ⣬ӡ
ֻԼͷ̫̣סʫµˮ
ܳǲȥע߮µĲӵģ꣬ܳɴһ
ΰ¡
ôСѧűôˡ
ǲΡΡزӵܣȻ󲻶ϵƬλ˲ͣؽҡ
ڣ߷֮󣬷ĶͷŵЩϡˣſ˶λ׮ˣ˵ɸǸ䡢̬λѽλãȻܹ׼ҵõ
Ҳδ໰ȻϽʵԵһӳĵܣ뵽˴˵ܵĸԶˡ
ڴ˺󣬷ſһܵעһԿΪ䣬ʹöͨ裬ѪܵĹǻԱһ֡
ͨ·ƣûȫա
ڴ֮󣬷ַͬǻʮӵʱ䣬ĳڸҵס
꣡
ˣϲؿ˳ľϲ
˵Ѿȥ˶ʮӣҪܳѾ̨ˣһĲûɣʲôԸ˵ģ
ԣһ壬˷ܾʦҪԣ
̱տڲԣ
ҪзⱾµĻˣֻǣþöûٴˣˣ΢еҪһʱϤڡ
ԣڣûϤڡ
򣬱źͳʦִ٣ҪκӰ쵽ԼľͲһܳɼƲԣѻ졣
һ
㷺Եˣ̶ȵأѹ͵͵ҲԱ⼴㽨µĲ֧ѭѪҺͨ
ﲻǶľء
һƼ򵥣ʵòΪ˿̵ȽϴĳڣǱסˣѪҺ޷ֻͨʣСĲ֧ѭѪ١
Ҫ׵ĹǻҪѪҺ󲿷ֵſգλ
ɲò
׾ֱӰˣֱ̨֮GGˡ
飬ûֹһΣԲʱ򣬾ֱͣӰѪܸըˣ
Сը˾ըˣû£ڵʱǺص顣
ǰ֮С
Ȼͷ֣Լûһʱкܴĵֿ
ҪͣҪ
Ҫٹһʱ䣬ͻɺԣͳäǻҪäǻ١
ܳɻû˵꣬˵ɸ磬Ѿˡ򲻶ˡ
̽ԵȻǿһעסѹֻƸС
ܳ̾һǾû취ˣĿǰֻǵʣҪʱȥƷʣǲܵˡ
ɡû뵽׼ôãʧˣͬǵ֮ǰǸط
Ͻÿ˲̨ټȥ϶ǺϴƲĽһ
ʱǡǫ̂ϵĸӹߣ֪һεĲܳġ
ôɹ𣿡תͷʣĿ߮硣
ЩУ߮ĲˮƽãӽܳɵģΪ߮״̬ãҲΪһʧߡ
ʦǷģ͵ĹУﲿ̡ûвꡣ߮Ͻ͡
Ʋ˷ʲôܳһۣ²ۣСܣǲеⰡ
ֿٵͼͲ΢ϸ
ܳɱĿ˼һ£ֻ⣬̧ܡ
״ͣСԼʱ򣬾û⣬Ҿûǲȵ⡣ʧܣȻгɹͿ϶ܹظ
ƣһΰɣȻԿ
Ȼҳ֣ԼҲ¬ˣ⿴򵥵ĲܳѾǼ򻯳򵥵ˣȻôĲѵ㡣
óܳԼɵĲѶȣжߡ
˵ǲУ˵һһΣ߮磬εˡڸѶȵĲӦǸȤİ
߮˵TM
ƺͳûŹ˼ҲֻӲͷƤ˵ͷһŮĻӰ쵽˵İεͰǹٶȡ
һһѡ
Ȼ㲻߮˵ԡ
һжʼʩܿ죬߮Ҳ֮ǰʧܵһ߮һƬ̣Ȼ˵ܳɣƵḶ́ûʲôŰɣ
࣬ǿָеġܳɿ϶˽ֶָֻᣬԴ
ţ߮ҲͿʼ˲ĴֱָһƣȻ΢΢ĿͼעѪǻڡ
ң߮ĲòƲû͸д
ۣ߮˼գգ۾ȻԼӴЩֻͼעøӿһЩ
ûκѶƵġ
Ī߮磬Ҳˡ
߮缸Ǻܳһأ뵽һؼ⡣
߮˵͸УѪǻڣԴڵܿڣһʼƵʱ̫Ļͼڵܿڲ̣ѹʹõܷա
ƶַ⡣
ȻҲٶȣҲһȽϴӰء
ܿ죬߮ͳɹذͼ㣬֯״Զ˵ͼʼ̣Ҳ޷롣
߮Ž˯͸һΣԼĲȻɹ󣬾΢һ㡣
εĲȽϳɹġ߮ЩЦ
Ĳ
ΪԼҲɹģһڿԼлװ˸ơ
⼸˿ɶͨˡ
ƵĲ츳򵥣ˣҲǴʹĶ
Ϊ֣ƱȲؿʼһֻСĲ
Ȼ󣬹ȻǷְһĲУҪ̫컺Ͳͼ̵󣬹̲
ŲҲЦһεĲǳɹġ
ϳԣ
˵ͷԾԾԡ
һβĹУֱһСʧN˶Դ
ҲûûЦһֻСϳ
Ȼǿظ֮ǰĲ
ǵģ߮԰ȻôҵСţ߮һΡ
߮Ц˵ܳûʧܵľ飬Ȼ֪ʧܵʱ򣬵ʧ
һ仰ֱ˵ĲĿʵ˺ǷΧԵġ
ܲɣƵһѪܴˣȻͣһ룬ĵһΣѪܸ͸ˡ
˶û߮ĵ÷һΡ
ϴεʧܾ飬һεķǺ׾ٵؾͳɹ
ѧһЩؼ㡣
ǼǰСϵͣѧһЩõʵУӦҲԴֻͨٶȻ㡣
ʱ뿪ˡ֮ͬܳǰ롣
ƫͷܳɣСҪ뿪죿ȥûʦ˵
ܳ˵ʦʲô㽲ĻڵľܾȫһˣǣܳҲ֪ԼǼ£Ŀǰֻг֪ġ
Ұ̫ԳҲû͡
ħֻǽ첻ʵңϾʵһԱҪ鳤ٵġܳɾ͹һڡ
ƾͿ˳ϳڣòƲҪİɣ
ΪΪʲô飬ܳɣһ䣬Сŵģ
̷˷ۣѽļֻСһա
ʧܵİΪ̲ģʵṩʵĲҲҪСռ֮һ
Եǲʧܵİѧһչʾ
ҲʵڵŬ֮һ
ܳɾ͵ʦʦûңϾʵҪʵʵ³̵ģб档
Ҳûϸ¾㣬Ȼ˵ϳʵһѧҲһģĿǰһЩ⡣
ǿʲô
жںƽڵѧ
ܳͬʦγˣֱǶںĻ͵ˡ
ȿʵ鷽͹滮ɣúϸֻҪиµķͺˡһƽѧǹ¹죬ʵġ
Ҫ˭ʸ˵ġ
ȨϣȽˡ
Уҵʱ򷢸һݣҲ˴㿴˵ֵ꣬
һεĲɹǺͿˣǼͬʱȿ϶һЩ
߮磬㲻͵㡣Ž
˽˽£ѾӰ쵽˿Ľˣ⼸ζ͵
߮ҲصͷİɣʦҸ˵˽£Ѿ׵ˣԺԲۡ
Ҹϻȥˡ߮˵øֱס
⼸յ״̬ɵҲܲµóЩʲô
Ͼ˵߮廹ǲа
߮˷һۣ˵ߣҸ㿴ö
ͺظ߮ˡ
ȻؿһĻû˵
ƾЦЦ˵˼άе̫ˣ˵߮ԺúõѹһѹķͷСҲǸ˼ϡ
֪߮Ҫʲô
Ƽ˳ȥʱ򣬷֣˼ģǷ򣬶߮硣
ǲڻ·߮Ķ˼
ǣ
߮Լߵˣ
ܳɼ˵ʱ߮ĵ˵Ҿ˵е⹫伸ҩɡ
ۣ
⻰ܳɼ˶һ
ֻƬҲ֪Щʲôѽ
һ·˳˶ʵĵĲңʱһңȥ֮󣬳˵
أĿǰĿ⣬չΪ˳ģǺҪ¼ķ֧Ǵһһ°
СܣΪʱ£죬⼸죬еڵ񡣡
߮硢ҪʵߵռʹʶҾͲǿˣҺƣҲһ
ȻڣٴǺģǵĻʵ飬ȻҪġ
ǵһ¡
ڶ߮磬ºҪɳа£ɱҵ磬Ȼܹʱ䣬ҪĹ滮
£ƣٴ⣬ƹ㵽ٴķϸع滮ǲƵڣҪúһȡͬ⡣
ļ£ǿ²飬ĻʱôţҺ߮ΪҪٽҵ磬ѡѡһƱҵż
ѧ˶ʿûתɹֻǶ
ȻܳΪҵ飬һЩɹൣͨѶһܳɵĹףҲĿõġ
ûǳֱ׵˵
û˵ʲô滮Ѿ󷽵ˣʵңǳԼ֧ģкܹܶó˵һ
ǰĽٵˣܳɶһͨѶڸܳɼӴ룡
ãǽʼᡣ
ƣһ£ƹٴľ滮ǹ߹
Ȼ߮磬ͷҪʱ䣬óһСʵݵԭʼݴͳݻĽѴҡ
飬ǱҪԼһ£֮ǰһЩݣԸһЩָ㡣
رǷǰѹģڿʵҪһЩ쿪顣
Ȼ飬ǿһˣʱ߮磬٣ʲô⣬ҲǸˡ
ֻʣģǿÿˣǱȽϺĵģƿ
⣬ҽͶһϣˣʽ𲻶࣬Ҳ١һЩʡĿ⣬ǿԸŬһ£дģ壬ҲѡԼĴ򣬴һӣ˳Ǻкô
Ȼ󣬷ڿʼҪʵԼϵͳƺͲɹ
߮磬ʵ豸ޡȫЩ£ǰʵ٣ҶΪġ
Ҫʵļָʲôʵ鷽治Ķȥˣ۽ʵڽˣǾȥǮ̣һѧ
ܳɣʱʵҵĸˣκ⣬ǶҪСڿϽӴʱ䲻ܹ΢棬Ҫ³ȥʣܻкôġ
һ
˵һʵҵĴ滮ʵĿǰʡصʵңһĿ꣬ǽɹҼصʵңǲרƵصʵң
һݼõ֪ǿԺܸȥԼҲһħԺǣʵҵľϣΪǱĲƸ
ʱܽȣǱҪھ·ǰó㹻ݣ˵Ҫ磬ҪһЩ˲С˲żüãţܹġ

̸󣬾ܳɵ˸Ի㱨Լʵ滮ͽ̡
С߮ҵܳɣ˵
ܳɸ磬кܶ뷨ô£ôˣֳܹôණţơ
ܳһЦʦȻǺ쵼ģȻĻôƿʵңʵ飬ҲҪ˰æģͳﰲš
֣Ҹġ
ܳеĽôؾͰѴҶŽᵽһ𣬶ҸԶ
߮ҲпǰҺǴ
ܳɿ߮һۣܲܲ˵ƣǴԱ
˵꣬ܳóֻ˿ʱ䣺㳶ˣڻкҪ飬ˡ
ҪҪȥ˳¹ʣ߮ʡ
㳵ˣܳɺ档
ʹ˵ħĳ⣬ѽ磬Ҫһʱ䡣
ȻͲǿĳԼˡ
˰ⶼС£ҪҪͣ߮ΪеNɪ
͸֮ǰ߮磬һһеӣͷꡣ
ˣζ̫Ũҵȥȿ졣ܳɰ֡
Ҫȥ£治߮ܲϵģԣû͸¶ʲôݡ
Ϊͨһڵģ⣬ܳҵ˵һҩõĶˡ
Ȼҩǣֵøһġ
аɣҪʹҵ绰ɡ
ûôæˡ߮ЦЦݺݵغһʿȻ˵þûкôɵĿˡ
ʦʦ򣬻㣬Ǵѧζκأˬ
ǰʱ䣬ڴңҲ΢ˡ߮ǳ֣صضܳɳŵ
ܳ㲻ǻӡ
ǴĹˣˣ߮ҲĿǰԼļ⣬ҪĻٴо㶼׾Ҫλ
߮磬ǧҪԷƱ֧
⻰룬Ȼ˵
Ǻȣ߮Ȼǿ֮ˣÿһεģУǱȽҪĿ
Ȼ̨֪߮ףȻԼĳˡ
ıӰܳɿó߮һΣˣӦǣʲôˡ
ܳҲʵĴѧһ⣬еߵÿ죬еߵҶߡ
ܳڲϣߵÿ죬ǿģ
ڻоߵԶǿôһȺɰˣֻǼ򵥵ģ
򣬶жʮһεģֹޣܳɶǸΡ
߮磬ϹˣˣǴġ
İÿУҽѧд
дʲôأ
ʦڹݷʱ𣿡ܳģ˵һζҩǰ졣
ǣԼʱ䣬졣
еĿ϶ܳɶѰҸָϡ
ϣǱҪʵеĲϣУΪ
ңҪˣԼȥԶԶԼʦһȥңȻ̸ʦķ˻ӡ
ôõһ۰ãأ
ãСܣҼɣڼմʵһγظ
ԴܳɸǼºγսȺ۵˵˺ܶˣͬҲԼ˺ܴΣҲԼһЩѣ˺ܴΡ
뷨ܺãҪС
ԣγԼҲҪʼʵ沼ˣ顣ΪܳҪǰԤԼݷãųʱ
ܳɾȻԼһˣе϶Լ˸Ĵӡһ̨ûĵԣϵġ
ⶼǣ֮ܳǰʱġ
йܡ
ӡװ꣬ܳɾ͸ϵļУ
СʱγժϻƫͷܳɣʣСܣݷԼ𣿡
ܳ룬Ȼ˵ʦݷĿǰĵʦָ£οһЩ˼·ſǳġ
γԣ㶡
˵ͷǲĵʦȻǺ㰡
ﰵ⣬ǲ̶̶ԶڳΣóܵѹ
һδ״֮£Ƹ̶һ˼·ˣǸֲŰ
ţҲǸ߮ˡ
ҿ棬ݲ࣬ãҪһʵ鷽Ҫʱ䰡γӹ⣬Ȼʡ
ܳɱ˵ʦҪǶȥˡ
ʵʮˣÿ˷ֹһĻͬʱʼʱ䣬ꡣ
Ҳһ£Դɱһǧѡ
һǧ򣬶
ܶ࣬ڸ˶ԡ
һСԣǸСǮһжԣǮţһë㲻ϣһҶԣˣ
һΪ޹սܵи
ЩˣѪЩˣͶ
ٲôȸҪСܶࡣ
ãˡҸһȥǸγһգװһϴ档
£һ˵飬ԣܳɲû׵壬ԶҲҪ׵壬ֻҪű˺һͺˡ
ֻڽƣԼ߳ƣֻҪﵽһܺõĽɡ
ң֮ܳǰֻṩһе˼·
ˣӴˣ˼·ˣǾԻιٷ壬ȥЩ˾һ̸أǺġ
֮Ϊնͽ
ָԼˡ
˻ỳ
ᣡ
ȱţȵǵмֵѹե


ڶپʮ ֲβ
ϽܣΣҪˣͷܴչˣû˵֣λҲĸߡ
Ϊ˻ʽ˸רְ˾ܳһͬ˺š
һ·˶δ˵ֱһܳɲ֪ΪĴ¥ǰͣƺܳɶ˾˳
Ҳ˾ǰйͨˣ˲Ÿ³ӭˡ
ڣҽ롣˲Ѿרڰ칫ҵȺʱһˣ̬أ·ҽܡ
һǴγİγѾѶܳ˵ѧŰɣЩϵȻҪõˡ
˲ʲôʱ򵽵ģγƫͷһһ䡣
һ㣬ΪԼõʱӣԲδ˵꣬Ҳûγʵ档
˽˴¥
װǳ࣬װ겢ԸֻǼªʩܺãĿſں󣬾滺ˡ
˵ݣ˰æݣһ·쵽һ칫ſڣһ˰æţæƿ󣬱ʶȤˡ
ܳɸһߣһٵߺţɫȴԵòϣͷס
İ˿վڿģγǰڣһˡ
˲ӾԶڼߡγһ
ȻһȽϴĻڵĻȥ֮󣬹˲ܳγ£ŻصԼλ
γܳˣΪ
ȻԷǸͷףγͻĹ˲ſ˵ڣͻȻţΪ֮£ҲѾˣӰĴ󡣡
ĿǰһЩʿй֮ģ޹֮ܣȻ뾡˰취ҲֻǽӻһСˡԣҪרҵʿ취
γ˵˲Ϊ˲ٵģԶҪӶ࣬ıҲҪԶֻ˵Ǿܡ
Ŀǳʱǿô粨ġ
γⲻǼٻ˵һҽʲô˾ˣʲôʼʽ治رֻͨҵڵһЩ飬˽ñȽ϶ࡣ
˻˵ͷҲֱ⣬ϴΣڴǷǳвοġҲ÷ĿǰһЩ滮ңǰ˵ִ˺ϢҲΪˣרݷõġ
ˡ
γ΢΢ƫҲ㲻ɣʹˣϲԽΪܣ඼£ҾǸмǣߴŵˡ
ֻǽѧǰʦһЩϵʱַһЩһЩ뷨̸̸
ҾҲãҲͰԴˣûеش
˻⻰ųܳĿȥ˺ᣬں֮㣬һЩ˼·Ȼܹ󵽺ܸߵĲ棬Ҫܲıϡ
ҲΪ򵥵ġ
λҽ˰ɣϴξ˵֣û뵽ˣĻҪᣬҲ㰡˻ڿ佱ϲδкܶĴ֮ɫ
ܳһֱڰз˻γĻ֪˶Էʲô·
˿̼ԼϣͿغһʦá
˻ǰҲҽѧǰתһʦ϶òġ
˻δֱӽӻǷʣҽʵҸ˷ǳ棬ԺΪοϴθĹ滮ģ
ǹ˻ɻ飬·Ȼ
˽⣬ܳɲǸûСӣôĶʶʵΪϡ
ܳδ𻰣γ˵Ŷ˲СܲҵѧǾҽԺԪƽڵѧңϴСȥμѵʱ򡣡
Ԫƽڵѧ½Ǭһʣཻ
˻ԣ˲Ȼ򣬵˵ͷǾˣ½ǬҽҲǱȽصյĶСҽܹõ½Ǭҽ֪һЩ֪֮£Ӧ顣
Ͳ֪Сҽ½Ǭҽ˽ж٣
ܳ˹˻⻰͵س鶯һ¡
½Ǭݵ˽ж٣
࣬ȫgoogleٶȶٶȲ֡
ǰܳɳʶ½Ǭ˵ʱֻãֱѣǱɱģ
ڣܳƺôˡ
½Ǭݣںҵˮǲ׽ô½ǬݿܺܿΣˣң½ǬݸӲܻع
ԣ
ٶȲãδؾǶ½ǬݵĶ⣬һֱ
й밲Ľ棬ܳҲûкܻţͷصʦ½Ǭʦֻ֮ԵҲ˽һЩҲ̸̫˽⡣
½ǬʦȷǴҿһ۽硣
е飬˿϶ţǵ˵Ҳû˻ȥܳɺ½Ǭݵ˽Щʲô
˻һЦʣСҽȻ½Ǭҽ̫죬ǾҲûʲôޣΪλῼǵһεĽ棬½ǬҽĹ˾أ
Ҫ֪½ǬҽڵĹ˾ںӰΪİ
ȻڹڣһЩõķǻһ԰ݿΪûҪ½Ǭ顭
ܳԣƿڴ
˻ԼĻڶʲôʱˣ㻹ңҪ½Ǭݣ½Ǭݵо٣ȿʼ
ܳɴŵˣٷ˼·
ʵڹ滮Щ˹飬ֻһֱûҵȽϺõͻƿڣǣǰ̵ˡ
ͱ½ǬݣĿǰڹڴڷɱ״̬ˮݡң½Ǭݻ˺ģô£½Ǭʧƺ׷֮ʱ뵽
ٰʲôһףȴãܻôˣ϶ࡣ
ֻǣͻƿڲҡ
½ǬݵĹ˾Ҳؿܶ˵ĻɣϾ˶ɵȻȻʵġ
ʦұ⣬ѰҵĹУоĿǰϣҲǹԲԡܳɺ˵
ģĵһֹؼҩľ½ǬڵǬݼţ
˵żҪĿģȻǿģܳɾǹǬݼŵġ
ǰģУ½ǬڵǬݹ˾δ̨ȴ类£ģԣǬݼڲĹؼϣܳ˽ġ
Ҳ֪ҼڲĻˣۼĶ࣡
˻ԣҲƽϣȻʣǼСҽĿǰϣʵĻôСҽΪȥӦԣȽϺأ
˻һ̵ı飬ܳɿͻ
ǸС񣬿ɲǣĶȥȻܹ飬ҸõĽ飬ǾǸǬݼкһļš
ǬݼźΪܣǣ˺ԼԸյĿҲߣҲӦ
ǣģʵյԼµĸֱõϣڷǿ͹۵
͹ãǼǺĵġ
ܳɱҡͷָɵЦʦЩҾͲˡ
˻̾һγϵĲãҲûٶΪܳɣѡ˰ܳɴϣϸؿһĿܳɵ˸˺һ
һԤУǾ֪ܳ飬е㳬˵ľ
ˣΣգֲԸ¶ԼҲ֪ܳɴʲôĿǰ϶ǲʺ̽ġ
οܳκˣûǣɸɾģˣҲûֱ̫࣬γʼԽ
˵ǶԽӣʵǸγһЩȽԻش⣬γΪѣ̣ʵ򶼰
γһһ׻⣬Բ
γԺʿݣǹ˻ͷܴҲγôĴڣɲܳԱġ
γһ£ֱͨߵλߣ
˽˴һСʱ˻˵СҽһһЩҪ̣㲻һرһ£
ܳɶ˵ؾĬĬվԹ˻γ΢΢Ƿ󣬾ת˳ȥͲøϽ뿪Ƿ֮ء
Сʱʱ䶼һСʱ
γų˻δ칫ңҲûмʳͽȥ
γܳ¥ȻֱԷĵطȥͽѡһңһܳɲʳԼĺ档
ʦ˲ôоһıĸоܳ˵úֱףԽֱףϸϢͻԽࡣ
ģϴδƣǿŵġ
죬һȦ˵˲Ҫְ֮£ΪţҪıǵøԶЩ
ȥ󣬹˲ҽ͹ˣΪҪô⣬ϣ㲻ҪǡĿǰһʱҶ˲ŵ̬ȣһǺѺõġ
ϣܹŬһЩ׳
ǹٻ׻ܳɾδ廰
ţγ˵Ȼ˲֮ôһʣҪһЩйء
֪½ǬݣΪҪ
֮󣬵׶Щʲô
ǸżȻⲻҪعȴżȻ֮¡
㣬Ҳ֪½ǬݵһЩɵ飬Ѿˣ½ǬлعΪβأ
ұǲ뵽УڼȻѾУôһЩ£ͱȻҪ˵ġ
ϵ񣬲񡣡
½ǬݸԣÿһΣ£;Բʲôε飬ֻǣ֪Щ顣
Ϊʱ֪Խ࣬Խ֡
ܳ˼
ǰ½ǬںöǰѾֶͨΣЩ˶ˣôΪʲôʱعأ
ʧ
γĻ²Ȼ½ǬݿܻĿġ
ͨոγЩ⣬֮ǰʾһЩܳɴǲ²һЩ·
ЩǼװģװҪһǳȥΪαװ
֮ʹˮ˸ӻѾǵķʽˡ
ǣ˶ô־֮ʿ֮·ڿݹۣǸиҵ
ɣѣ£ѵͲ֮һô
ˣѡһΪʣõ·ıĴ֡ǿ
ʦ󣬹ʦ˵ĸ˾𣿡ܳ̽Եʡ
ÿˣվĸ߶ȲһԸֿ϶᲻һ֪ģʵĺ˾δؾõѡ
Ǭݼšγܳһۣ˵
ܳ㶡
ѡǬݼţ
ԼԼ
ʲô·ֻǬݼŵʵӼʯɺ
ҽҩ˾ʵѡ񰡣
γܳɵı鲻̫
͵ԭͲƽˣ֪Խ࣬δؾԽġ
Сܣ⣬εϣȻѼǿ⣬ȴģңûκÿϧ𣿡
ܳҡͷʦڵҾòٶЩʲôˡ
ֻǣ˲ˣǲ̶ʦһģ
γòƽϣôܳҲͲƽˣȻϵʱģһξˣ𰸣Ρ
ǣ̶ܳɱȽϹĵ顣
Ϊβأ֪ʲôƵ̶ͷ˭ģɣ˭ҵô
߮硣ܳɴŻƲġ
СڵĿǣһǲ̶ҪڶԾܾĲʦľ˶ʡ
ЩˣһһӣЩһҲһӡγε̾һ
ʵѲ̶Ƴһεɡ
̶˭˵һܳأ֤
˼ѧв˵˼Ҳԣȥң滹һᡭ
ܳ˲Щ̶ˣ̶£˽취ġ
Ϊ̶һκ˶߱ġ
Ⱦ֮ԽԽѣȾ֮󣬿ƺܹסȾ֮飬һĻĻÿһܹصù
ģ棬̶ѧǽһǿס
ңѶҲģû˰£ƵˣɶģǵǷǳ׼ġ
ǻܲѣ
ң̶ԼˣƷģſ¡
ǲ̶һؼڳʤGDPҪǿһЩ

γܳɾͻС밲һ˷νļʴҵ
ţص˼
ܳɾȲһģ⣬һΣǻᷢʲôı仯ΪԼһء
һܳɵģ˼·ȷɶˣɶΪһԹߣ۵ؿ磡
һ侲㣬ᷢʲôҲ֪Ϊι˻ѡǬݹ˾ˡ
ģ⿪ʼ
㵱ǰѾΪǳӵж⣡
ܿ죬ȻȻõ˲ʿѧλ㲻ȡ֮󣬽ӡ
㶨˹ڵĳСУٴ¸ߵ츳Ȼ٣Ҳû˸ҶļָУӵܵ㣬ܿͻ˺ܶಡ˵Ͽɡ
ȽϹĹҴơ
֮ڹȵĳҽҩ˾Ȼʵгһ󡣵ܿ죬죬Ӵļţʼڲ߽⣬
֮СڵĹ˾ΪʧȥΪǿܶأ˴һƿڣҲ޷չ׳󡣡
ǣڲ֮С㣬ؽһѧ˲ţڹ˾ٴθ߸ͽ

ʮ֮ǰλʦѾһλͨĹ˾ְԱѾӣСպò׶԰
ʦһЩµΪ𶯡ΪҽԺְ
ҽԺҲʼͻͽ
ʮһУżһˣ˾൱Ϥһ̽ŵ֪Ҳк⹤Ҷ֣ʮϤʾΪֿл⡣

ʮݡʱڵУǰ˯£Ůȷܡ
ͬ꣬㱻ʿĳƺš㲢δˣ֪ܹõƺţΪһ飬ֻ㻹š
ʮ꣬޼ա
ģ
ģۣһ²𣬲꣬ǳͨʵͨȻע޷ͨ۵ĵ̣Ѿ㹻¡ƽӹȻ޷ĨȥŬ
ģ
񣬵ջʲô
ܳƽؿһεģ⣬һ֣ǾǰȻ˵Ǵڿʼʲôˣ飬ȴѾ޷ĥؿӡԼĹ
ңһأкܶ࣬ǱȽϹؼأֻҪеļͿˡ
ʵ˼άܼ򵥣Ҫҩõֿ⣬ʱ;Ļѣһܹĵģ
񣬵ȴֲûջ
ǵģܳѾõջǾһ𰸣
磬ֹһˣȣкܶΪ¶Ŭôһؼأ϶˱õøá
ͬĵƣܳɴ򣬻ԻЧǣˣи档
ôһؼأȻͿԻǼµķ
ǬݼŻлһЩʦѾıѾãƵ˴飬Ǻ׼ģһѻյ̫죬ûüӦѡ
㣬㼫ˡ
ȻܳٴģһΣǾԼԼ֮ǰ˼·ǿиԤ⹫˾Ĺϵ
ҲԤһ㣬ЧģֻǣЧֱӰЩǬݼţΪƽ͡
ͨεģ⣬ܳһ¡
½Ǭݸȥ㣬ģͲöܣԭ˼
û˻û׼սܳǣҲˣ
һûкŬͿƽˣܳɴΪ˰ĸͲξȫһˡ
ǰŬһôԼĵڶȫӻǰѼҵ׸ꡣ
ǵ̵ĺôԼĿǰŬջҲǸԼǰ˵̣
䲻ż
ҩҩõģ⣬ȻҪȥԱʱ֮衣ΪʵһЩأٴʡ

һУȴ˶õġ
㣬ʱ仺ţǹһ¡
ʱӽµס
ڡ
Ǿۼһ𣬶һΪĸˣ˵ţǿݣǿ԰еĶʵռΪϲ˰
ǰһڵûпйĴ֯һ󡣶ǵʵߴֻ
ǧ֮ĽڸʣƷĽڸʡִ⼼Եƣǿɿġ
ңݣûмǿзһЩҩǰ¡Ҿã⣬ֱͶCancerˡ
CancerΪҽѧڿ񿯣ӰӸߵˣһ££ܱ¼˶ǳ
ϳ£ɡҼ㱨һǿչ
ȣ򷢱ƪ£ֵģٶȻԵģͲöѵˡɷ׫ƪо£ѾС޽׶Σƺܿܽա
Ȼ󣬺Х׫ƪ£ѽգĿǰδ߮繲дƪ£Ӱߵģ20ȻǺǹǿأҲǿ鵱ǰ巢ȥġ
Ϊϲ˵Ļܳɰٴ£˵һݣJAMAϣȻַλٴ⣬Ҳ£˵һݣnatureӿϡ
ⶼǳӲ¡Ʋû˵ԼĹףѿڵгɼ㱨һ顣
ХЦЦ˵Щ£ʵǳʦģֻǶ˱ʶѣ㲻ʲôҲǲ˳ʦֵļϡ
߮ܳԼԭ⣬Ǻţġ
Ļǽеڶ󣬾ܹѿٴȥˣʱĽǺܺõĻôǹǿƿܾҪˡ
ϲ߮磬ϲܳɣҲϲǴңǵŬûа׷ѡ
߮¶ϲɫ˿ܳɣֿ˿ƣĵ
ﰵ˵˵ģֻܳɵıɼѣ֪ܳɳʱ䣬Ȩ˾壬˲ٶר֪ǵ°ͣܵ
ԼѡܳɻľǾȷġ
ΪܳɣԼô֪Щ
⣬߮绹иоǾܳһЩ֪飬ңǣܸߣܹ㣡
ĿǰҽҩʽĶйǣⶼֻǲ²⡣
ϣںĬĬصͷȻƱ˵ʦʦиλ磬ǿ飬һ͸ˣ˿£ʲô¶ûϴҺˡ
ʼʱ򣬶ںе˷ܵģ֮󣬾ɵˡ
ÿ˶⣬趼첻ʶԱˣԼĿ⣬һȣɶ
Ȼдµ뷽߮һȣҿٶ̫ˣҲС
˵ھԺǿƾ֮ĺХʦֳԼųٴŵˡ
ŶѾ϶ˣܳɴƱеλã
ܳ⣬˵ҾںҲǲģʦ֣ʦںʵ£Ȼֲܱ꣬ԼĿ⣬أֵôұġ
ܳɿɲöںˣ̫ã⣬ǰ;ܳģҪüΣܹȫģꡣ
֪Ӱ죬жԶˣֻڵĶںûӴһѣڣں⣬˽չ̫죡
ǵģСȽϳأҲҵҵȻûʲôŬˡСҲܿɳġΪӡ
ôô߷´Ӷں߲ȻܹҪ˼˰
Ҫ֪κһˣﶼٵЩ뷨ġ
ֺǺһЦǸλʦִĺãҾȽϴ󣬱ȱñȽص֡
Ҳ֪֮ģŬȻ٣𹦼ĻܳΪ֮߮ƺͺХˣֻǰӡ
ȻǻӣĲ츳û˿̵ģҲ˵͹ؽһ飬ƵĽչǳ졣
һپ㷹˲ɢȥ
߮ˣҪɳȥɴ磬Ůˣ˵ʱήһ
ǣƾֱӰܳɸסˣܳһͬѹ·Уһѹʡ
ܳɣôģƵɫȻĪ
˵ǹǿƵ½ǬʦܿҪعˣ
Ҫ֪½ǬݿһˣȻܹôʱع϶ǿĹͰ
Ϊγĸӣ֪£ܳһ㲻⡣
ֻǣԵɣܳɲãǣܳͨģ⣬һ£ǾǣֵԽĹԽͻ
ѹʵŪԽң½Ǭݵ˾ͻعԽǰȫԽǿ죬ԽѸ٣
½Ǭݵ˻ع֮죬ܳɵĳıһ棬ٷ棬˾ҿⲩģȴǸķ棡
£ܳɲδ롣
ֻǸСֲֻ֪֪ԱʼΪģҲԱֻǡ뵽Ǹ棬΢һѡ
ʦǿң£ҿûϵ϶ʦһˣܳæΪԼѡ
Ƶʱ䣬ҽԺ
ŶĿǰϴѧҽԺĲ̶ڣ챻ˡΪһ֪㱳ģ
Щҩ÷ǲ㵷ĳģѹʡ
֪Լѧ緢ĴҪɹڵļСΣΪڽӴҩⷢ˼ֳҩȻЧ
ЩҩﰡǰӦеǧٹ֡
ѧһϣһЩ˾ͿʼرЩҩԭרҵҪôǱչҪôͻȻ𣬶
ΪΣ
ΪЩҩİȫԣͱ֤ʵˣ˶꣬Ҳû⣬ô΢һ㣬к
ʱû֣ǣȷһ̶ϣһ̶ȵҩá
һ󲿷ֵҩҵʼţʵʱʼģ΢еף
оרȨģΪֱҩ￪ʼܵģǰİҩĹ˾ʼҩķӦģҵĺܡ
ΪϢϾ˶е˾ȵȣֿʼˣǰľе»
ʲôˮؽû͹ؽڸΪο
ʲôĸְ壬ʵиǿ԰
棬гͻ˳ͻͿ϶ܡ
ңЩϵҩеûרȨģȫ綼ǿģ·²ģ˿ʼԤ⣬һ꣬ҽҵױһꡣ
ܳƵʣûоܾҲûеͷʦЩҩﱾİǳֵʱҶûںܶҽԺѾãֻʦһŽӴñȽ϶һЩ
˻ܳɵĲУٴƵһ
һΣܳɣ϶Ҫ˶벻ԾǨˣ



ڶپʮ Ĳܽ
žžž
֣صܳɼҲûٶ˵ʲô
Ʊʱܳɺط֣ƵĿУЩӡȻ󣬶Ѿֿˣƻֵתͷ
ڵܳɣÿ˶ԼѡЩѡ񣬴඼ûжԴ
ǳˣԼѡ·͹ҲҪꡣ
Īض˵һƾٴԶˡ
ܳԣһ˼
ص˳ķûȻܳҪʼʽѧϰʱ߮ȴͻȻ˵绰
ܳɣҾҪȥˣѾʦ˶ˡҲ˵һػȥӦõûȥһʱ䡣
⣬ҵ飬ҿ϶Ҳõġ
лл˰ܳɸϽл֪߮ҪɳУǰ̶˵㶫
С飬ʱĻҵĴ£Ҳûʲô񡣡ָ߮˵
ûʲô𣿡ܳɺ棬ŵЩѵǹƨ
ֱ߮׽ˣðɣʵģʫ꣬ϣ밲һԸʶһ£ʱûʱˡ
һˣĻظܴȥ
Ů鷳߮Ϳʼ²ˡ
ע塣ܳɿ˸Ц
߮һЦҲǣʱȥҷģҸ㽲棬оģԺ϶пһţ

󶺱ƣ

߮ĵ绰֮ܳڴĦ뿪ǰٴƻǾ仰˼ʵܳԼɵܹ²õе֮⡣
ϸڣܳɻҪȥһ
ϣһҹɣȥȨе¡ܳôһϢ֮󣬾ֱȨĹ˾ȥ
񰡣ȨæһƥΪСппλڹ̶ĳɹ³ʼѾռҵڵĹ㷺Ͽɡ
ˣȨڹ˾Ķ΢е㱬ǣȨûѡ޳ûҵ񣬶ϸִУûһгҪ֤һΪͨСппλڹ̶רұݻ
ҽƾ׻ʲô⣬ѹ˾Ͽ塣
˰ҲдĹ۲ˣ׷΢
ΪҪǣΪҼɣȨȻѸְļ۸΢ڼɵļ۸񣬼ɵļ۸߰٣Ȩǧ壬屶ĸۡ
ȻǱͷ
ܳǰȨ˸绰Ȩ˵ܳɸ磬ôпչˣŮѣܷ
ȨӡԺֱӽаְɣȻǰй졣ܳɾãʱбҪȨʽһ°ˡ
Ȩȴν˵ûֵʶ֮ǰֻǸŮѣ棬˻飬Ҳʵʵɩӡ
Ȼһˣⲻǿˣ
Ȩ˼·棡
Ȩӣ£ܲܳ㡣ܳʡ
£ÿһ飬ÿһѡ񣬶ûرĶԴ϶Եġ֮ǰԼ߻Ǽ£ˡ
ֻǣܳʱûбȽ˽⵽为ЧӦ
ΪһˣҪϸȥ˽ȥʵĲ渺ЧӦеףǸ飬Ǻӡ
ҽгҽƸҵʼתƣ˾λϹ˾Ľ棬ǱϿôƽ飿
һһдҵߣܵǣֻǶٶѣ
ûʲôˣǺˡ
ðɣ㶨طҴ򳵹ãҲҪúһ¡ȨҲ˵
˾Լһ˹ݣţ˹ݵϰ壬ȨרŴɳķֵ꣬Ĳ˵˵߹ɳ˲٣϶١
Ȼ֮һֱ˳ܳɵ˳ĵط
ºΪȨܳ˵Եʣߵĵ곤ԽӴȥһߵİᣬе󣬾ˣʵΪݳޡ
ϰǳͰ˾ľͲҵߺǱߵĹܲṩ߸㼸óӹȥڹ滮
Ǵҵ
磬˵ɡȨܳصһĲˮȻ˵
ܳɾ͵Ȩӣ⣬ҽҵĹ˾г𣿡
ⲻϻȨ˷ۣںɫƤӳ£Խԡ
ǹ˾ǰҵԱԽԽˣ󲿷ֵҵԱȥҵˡң֪ĿǰкܶҽҩҵĹ˾ڲԱ
ܶ๫˾Ҳڷ׷Լҵ档Ȩ˵
ܳɹʣСˣ͵ÿʼôҵԱ
ͶʣΪ󰡣Ǯˣ˭ԸɣԸߴǰ֮һЩҵԱһڡ
ڣʵҵĹ˾ԱˣҵԱҶееûʲôˮˡûˮֻõнȻ˾ֻܿǮ
ʹǹ˾һЩר¶ǻϵĽ׶Ρ
Ȩ˵ʣܳɸ磬˵⵽ôأôͻȻͷôıʣ
ڻϣûй˾Ͷҩзˡ֪ǬݼŰŵһЩרЩ˵ҩſˡ
ÿͶзʽڵȫˮƯˣǰײ˼ۡ
Ϊڵҽƻı仯Ĺ˾Ȱг˺гȥˣڷˣ
ܳǲ˵£Լɳġ
⻰ܳüͷݺһ塣
ʱ顣
гˡǰޣ׹ȵأȻ˵˿ڲ࣬Ǳߣһ̨ܹһûҽĲˣǷʮ
һ㲻Ǯģ֪࣬жˡ
ĿǰΪһЩ͵ҽҩҵˣôһЩҩ﹫˾Ը˻ûзгֱӲҩˡ
ܳɷֱֵ۵ı֮һ
ţЩ飬Ҳˣ˭֪أ
ϾҩбҩӰȫɿڣֻҪЧ£۸ƣֱӰѰҩſµġܳɻء
Ǻ飬Ȼģ棬ûἰЩʣýָͷҲ뵽
˾Ƶ
ҽҩзǹҲ棬˭ƣзҪͼ۸ۣôзɱʧܳɱ˭أ
Ȩ˵⻹ؼģؼģǹĿǰҽƾҵ
ţȷѼƳɱ󲿷ֶˡ֮һǣ󲿷ֵҽͻʿнˡ
˽⵽ģǰ˶ʿҵ֮󣬵һܹõĹʿ˰֮Ҳʮʮ֮䡣
ݵĲͬӰ򵽶ʮ򲻵ȣ⻹ճĻѡʿƽʣʮ򵽶ʮ򲻵ȡ
еӵĻáûеӵģڹƶ֪ôˡ
ҽԺͶϾһļоˡ
ʮ򣬵ʮǲٵġ
ֻǰҪ֪ôһ㡣
ҽѧ˶ʿҵר˶ĻǶʮ꣬ѧ˶ʿù꣬ǾǶʮˡ
ûҵףҪҪӣǾ͵ˡ
ʿңϲʿҵʮüˡ
˿ɲΪǲʿҪʲôֻʮû£ǱȽεĵ㡣
Ͼҽѧڶڼ䣬ǲܸʲôҵġ
߮䣬ֻ̬˵Ǹ
ңЩܳɣû̫Ӱ죬ȻطĲʿվĲʽټϣʼҽԺһЩãڿηãܳɵ룬ѾǴﵽ˷ǳɹ۵нˡ
ѾǺݺݵشһʣȫ򳵣ָտɴˡ
ܳһݣʣֻ𣿡
ȨɨܳһۣȻֹһЩ֣ҽԺգ˾ǿǮ
Ҳ֪ڵҽԺң඼Ըӯ֮󣬵ϸذѷù涨ˣһУǮ͵ҽԺˡ
ǵģβǲҪܶǮˣǿҲɰһˣһʡ
˽⵽һңһµļЧƽǧࡣ˸ʿʮ˶ʿ
ڰѿв˶ϿˣоôӦԷ
Ŷͷ
Ȼ²˵ǰ£ǹ˾ҪвʿҪģĿǰΪֹǹ˾յĲʿѾٷݡ˶ʿһǧ
ߵģһؼҽԺĿΣߣȥˡ
ܳɵ΢΢һ
һȺ˶ʿһȺʿڵĿңнȻиߴǧĸн
Ҳ̫˰ɣ
εĳûôϵɣܳ޵ʡ
Ȩ˷ۣ˵ûиƨӦûˣûҩˣҽԺòҩôתҩһ鵽ҽԺһ⡣
Ϊҩ۸̫һЩҽҩ˾ǰˣҪ˷ЩĻǮԸҪˡͻˡ
ҽԺû㹻ҩе棬ֻҩｵ˵ΣסԺʱӣλѣҽԺղģ˵ֵ޶
ҽԺɲܵġ
ȻҲоµߡڹʵҽҵʽңɵĳĲС
һӰѴ˶ó˹ʱǾҪˡ
ѧţʶͨˣŲɣĲߣ֯ȡʳϲҽ
ҽıˣ˾͵óԷ͵óеɫŮ˸ĸ
ϣСܱ֤ʱ򣬾͵˷ħ
ǣһȫıʣҲܵǣע顣
һζãһζ죬һУȻõ顣
أܹʵİ취ġܳ̾һ΢еء
˾٣ǵ˴󲿷ˣǿǵ˺һˣû뵽顣
ʵֳһ˶ԣ˴ŵģһ˶ԣֻеƤˣһЩǾǸ׳н
ͺñڣħԺָ߲εҽԺԣǴԸ¿⣬µʽʽĶۣÿԺܸߡ
ǣؼҽԺ˵֮ǰİҽԺֲεҽԺǳеҽģһк󣬿Ըӯг̫٣һʱ䱻ҽҩ˾Ǻֱ۵顣
ûǮ׬ˣƾʲôҪҪǮֱƲˣڱʽңǴ˾Ʋ·Ķ١
ڵгǾͲ˰
ңȨĹ˾ҲûʲôľͲ߼۸·ߣ·ߣȨ˾ڵеʱû
˾ĿǰѾģ鶼ûҲһֱš
϶Ҫ취ڳܹף˭ҽ֣
֪ιҽҩҵĶǻһĹʲôҾͲȥˡ
£ȻҲһЩġ
Ǿǣڵĵ֡ɵȵȣǾҼ򵥵ģôﻹбǰҪߵ۵ģ˵
ƹۣһ㶨һ㶨ֻҪѡʵĸְԼҩɿأӲռȣܹõǺܸߵġ
ҪǮˣһЩȽĿңõļЧҪߡ
Ȼתƣ׵һ⣬ǾǴҿʼѡˣһЩȽϺĲ֣ɽ㣬˸ǰ
ϾǮȨ˵
ǣһȫⶼǱȻ飬κ飬б׵ġ
Ҫһ飬Ҫ취취϶Ҳǻһ鷳ģȥ취
֪ܳڣѾһЩʦʧȥǸСֵ˳ر桮˹ڣ൱ǮһЩ˲Ÿ˻
Ǻ¡
ңεĶǵӰ죬϶ҲǺõģǸ߲˲ţȥҽԺǹ˾ܶ˶Ƿǳӭġ
Կģ϶ǻԱ
ܳɾʹˣȻܻô塣
ʣȨӣҪҸʲôţ
Ȩ²ȥˣ⻰ŵŶҲ顣ģĿǰڵһЩ⹫˾ķֹ˾ҵ񡣡
һЩտǹ˾ܲһ̶ȵذǳҲһЩҵԱͿԱµĻǹ˾ķչġ
Ǿһ㣬̯̫̿ĻܹʦҪˣи˳ԷܻöһЩз
ߣûʲôѣ
ȻҲԲзȨʡ
ܳɱзרһ˾ȨߵĲ֣˲ţ϶ҪİҲһЩ˵ĻͲˡ
ڣĹ˾ӦûһЩû갡Է̯һЩȥ⣬еҪڵĿвȥѧ˼·
ǵ£ҿԸ򣬵ǲǰѾķ
ǰȨĹ˾𲽣Ƕ߮磬Ϊڣʲô¶Ҫ¹ףⲻ̫ʵˣܳڳһѡ
һЩ⣬ʺʵôȨͲҪֻһЩֻͶιˡ
Ȩԣ̧ͷܳɸ磬Ļˡ
ǲԸ˼·ЩĲΣ̫˺ðɣ˵Ŀǰԣǹ˾еߡԼָе
һǰеģ޵УΪ˶ᰡ
߮Ǳ̬㲻Ҫ˶һ㣬Ҳ˵ǵĲãһϸʹ˵ģ̫ǿˣ
ȨΪԼԱ⣬վλòһ̶Ȳһ
Ҫ˭һȫΨһߵһ磬ǹ˾ô˲ŵĻܳɸ磬ͲֵǮ˰
Ȩֲ෽λƨܳЩá
⵹ҲǣĿ⣬ȫ缶ģ治һܹǺƵóġ
أһ㣬ܳ뵽һ£ǾǣһӣҪз̫ԽԵ񣬵ȥ˼Զ֤Ļ
ܳɽ˵µŶӣ϶ҪŶӣҲ϶Ҫʵ棬ˣԣ㻹ʵ򣬺õзԱǱҲˡ
ٿһЩȽϼ򵥵Ŀɡ
ȨЦܳɸ磬״硣
ƤЦȨᣬܳûʣǻ𣿡
У
Ǿǣܳɸ磬ǹ˾϶ҪٴвĳԱвٵļǰٴҽҪеģ˵ҪҪգ
Ȩ˵ʽ˵ʵٴʦǵĹѹĴǰҶٴģֹ֪ǿȡ
˵հɣǿܲתҿܳɸʦ뿪󣬻ڿģеѡ
˵ҲհɣЩʦΪ㣬ĿǰõĹʣеͣʵӰæĽǶս˫Ӯ棬ҵĹ˾Ҳܹչҵ񡣡
ʵڲУЩʦõƹʽİȫԱһ֡
ܳȨǵۣôߣʣͶģЩ˰
һǻɽҽԺĸڣȨգգۣűһݡ
˻
ܳ˲䣬һ
ѵһεӰ죬ѾɽҽԺֲεĸڣܵ˲ǣ
ôεıʣе㳬󰡡
ģ棬ΪûЩأܳе벻ס
Ȼģûᣬô϶ԵӰ췽ֻʱûųѣ
ܳţԹ˲Щվĸ߶ȣǲûпģ֮ԻѡȥǻûаӦԷ׵ʵʩ

ȨԷֲ֮ܳŻصС밲ڼԼţš
ţһ£һ࣬ҪżʲͣԼţţҲܳһԡ
ܼܲʣܳɲ֪ζȷ
Ϊ򵥣Ҳûˡ
ܳɼ̬΢еήңʣôˣôое겻ģ
ţܳɣ㻹ǵãҸħʱŵǸʦ𣿡ܳ˵
ܳǼǵãʱǸСֻǸʦˡ
ϮԽ˵ʱʦεչԴ£Ŀǰ˵ƣѾһ֪ء
ҲԽԽˡ
ôˣܳʡ
ѧרҵȥˡ˵
ǸʦҲְˣȥ˽ҽԺûر˵
Ϊɶܳɹ֪ʡ
ǰǸʦҲǸڣϸ²õ˾ǧļЧպܹһ¶ٶû䡣׷ʵڹȥˡʹְˡ
ڿƽҲһΣύ˴ְšͷ˵
ܳ룬ôҰɣһ¾ǧࣿ
㣿
Ҫ֪ҽҵÿطҲǸвͬġ
һħԺĸڣһµ룬ֻоǧ࣬ȷе˵㡣ҲܿܿһԱ
ܳĲ֪Լ飬ǶԣǴˡ
ʦأܳʣȽϹ⡣
ʦƵĸΣмЧӳɣһ㣬򡣵սڽ궼ʮˣߣ룬ȷеˡء
ȷʿѧúãͣһøȽϸߵĸн뵽ҵĽϸ߲㣬Ҫߵ̫ࡣ
ܳɾĬĬȳţš
Ű˵ʵҲãϲ㣬࣬ӦĹʱǰͶ룬еֵѡ
սҲ˵־棬ӦǺܿġϾڵħôߣ
̵ġ
⻰еֵӡ
ǣȴеأһطҽϵͳһ˵ĻǺĲ롣
ΪΪ·ʵÿ춼ҽԺļҡICUſš
Ҳ϶һжġܳҲֻôοԼ
鶼ѾˣȻǼٽ֣ǵȷǺйġ
˵ĲߣȻһЩΣգǣڵı仯ô죬Ӱô
һжʼ֮ӦĴۣȻǻÿһ˵ͷϵġ
ԹܳɾͻصԼķ
̫ģǾٴģһΣģȻûرıʣԹߵȥҲûзɽܵ顣
꣬ܳŲᡣȻģ棬ʲôûҲûҪȥˡ
ֻǣεУҪһѵ׼Ǿǣÿһ£϶ǻḶһĴ۵ġ
ڣһЩˣƵøУǱȵְһ̶ϣԼƶģֱӵԭǼӵԭ

Ҫ£Ѱ
ܳ̾һȻٰĿ⣬۽ģϣ
ǰлֵ1101431
Ŀǰпλڹ̶֫֯ˡؽڸս
ţµķʽƹ㣬Լ޵ҩãʹܳһӻ˴ĸлֵ
ܳϡǵãһʮлֵ
ڶǶʮ㡣
һٵ㣬ĸٵ㡣
帱Ҫǧٵлֵۻ̫ˣ֮ǰڼ֮УҲûܹȫռôлֵ
Ҳܳɻõʱ̡̫ңܳʱ䣬ڿתơ
ǣǰڵĸԵȣܳȻǰѹǿƵĻܶƵһܸߵͨ˱Ƚӱ˼·ȥӦԡ
лֵ㹻ɿ帱ң¸Уѡһĸлֵ2500
רƸ󸱱­˸רƸ
Լǰĸлֵ5ĻӦԿ塢ߡڰ˸ˣһԵؿԿĸҪúõĿһ
ܳɵૡ
֮ǰΪǰѹǿƵļܣ¶ˣܳɲûż

ǣĻ㹻ۣǿȿٸҪٿ
Լܣﵽһʽôиأ
ܳԥһ£ڵĸʱ򣬾ͳѡΪ˱ܳɻǰˡ
Ȼʾ֡
ܳѡ˹̻ܣѧۣͨ
ʣƵĻȻûǣǾͨҲѾܹԼģ⣬ıˡ
ĸģѡ
лֵ㹻ɿң¸Уѡһĸлֵ12500
­󸱱Ѫ˸󸱱ֲ֫󸱱
ܳɿЩ³ֵĸʱһ
ȻǴ󸱱ֱӦơѪơֲ֫
ţǣеģѾܳɸģˣǣǿƵļƷʽȻûбϡ
ҽѧ޾ÿһܹкܶķ֧
ֲֲָ֫һĸֲ֫ˣǣʲôð
ѵֲϣ
ⲻô
΢˼һ£ܳɻǾǿƹϵеѪ˵ĸ
һܳɾֵõ󸱱һǹȻѪˡ
ʣ´ĸлֵȻԿܳɻʱˣԱ󻼡
컹ʣģĻᣬܳɶûнؾλȥʼܵĻá
ǿƵļѾˣǲȴֻǹǿƵĲô򵥣ңҲеĹǿƼܹܳġ
ЩǻδҪȥ
ܳģǰ˵ĻϣеĹǿм˸ߵĲΡ
֮ܳԷԣСппλڹ̶ţˡ
ǿƣֻдˣµʳҲԲֹСһ̡
ȻܳԹߵķʽģһ飬׺Ӧеľķʽȴһ
ģ棬ƺҽѧ֮ĶȤĴڣΪ˻üܺƶҽѧķչڵġ
ҽѧ޹صģͲԵڡ
񣬵ȴܳɷģ
ûʣ֤̫أܳɣʲôʥˣҲϣΪҵڵжд̣νľͲǱһЩ뿪
᱾⣬ˣֻ˵ҿܿǲܡ
ģδֱָӣҪն
ܳڴϣڵ컨壬ͳૣÿ˵һӣķΧڵΪģһΧΪ뾶ĵѡ
ÿˣӵˣҲԼΪģϵȽô˶ѡ
ÿˣܹΣҲǣԼӵΪĵģһΧһ̶ȵһ̶ȵʹѡ
ģͲܹ㵽ˡ
ܳ˰οţ˯֮С
գһ磬ܳҪȥʵҵʱ򣬾ͱϵĵ绰ˡ
ӹһ֪Ҫˣʱ֪𣬻ʲô顣


ڶپʮ õʱ
ʦȥʦ𣿡Ѿǵһ˻ˣˣܳûнš
ÿΣҪ˻ʱ϶ǰ˵ʱ䶼磬ԣʱȥͰȥҽԺϰࡣ
ţȥ˲档Ӧһˣʱ䶨ڽʮ㣬йȥһͬǰγ͡
ʱ䣬ȫ֪֮ͬܳ£νǷӿ
˭뵽ʼٸߣǸðһʮС
ΪԲߣγһһؿܳŬ˵ƵˣȻ˵ٳıײߣѺĽ˻ɹ˻˵ǰľ仯ġ
еϲǲΰ룬ʵһľ棡
ʦһͬȥɣҴڰ˵룬ܵסĵطܳæء
ǰΣܳɶԼȥģʱ䲻÷䣬죬ܳûرİţȻҪ˳ݷһγġ
Ǻãڼ㣡γ֪ܳĿǰÿŮϰ顣
Ҳû˾кͲס
ٴμʶսһ糿ܳɾ׼ʱ׼ذѰ͵ҽԺſڣȻ˵е£Ͱѳ˰°֮ǰҷϢ
һOKƣææ˵ҿٵˣøϽˡ
ȻСų뵽ҽԺ
ܳٴϷӵʱʦĸѾǳȥһɽдʫȥˣγһڼ
֪ܳʦĸһĻˣŪī
ʦܳɿγк
γ˵ҿ鰡͹ţѾ֪Щʲôˣ㻹ûȫͨ͸
ܳɵ飬Զʼָ㽭ɽʱ˷ܣһ˿ء
ܳǲôĵġ
ºܳɱʵˣģʵ棬ŵϢ߲죬ǵܳûԤϵĿǰ仯һء
ܳһЩܵ˺Ǹ˺ͿĲ
֮ģȴ֮⣬Ȼ˽ǣҲǴڵĿ͹ʵ
γһЦܳ˵Сܰɻǵãʱ˵һλ
úɽԼִʺ
ڣѾǿִʺˣĳɳ֮Ѹ٣ԶԶҵԤ֮İ
ܳ˵γЩܳǻǵá
γ˵ЩǸõġ
ܳɻǵãγ˵ԼִȻԪƽִʵ̻𣬵ڣܳɻһûףΪΣ̻Ϊ
ܳԼҪΪԼִ£һֵĻܳɾãԼıʣӦΪ硣
ǻң򴦡
ʦ˼ǣܳɲˣԾֱˡ
Ŀǰԣγδʲô
γ˵Ҳ֪ƺƽû˵ʦǵ飬һѾǸзչˡã
ܹĿǰŰ
֪ļߣǴʲôĿİ
ܳãɵߣȥöģȥĩʱƹģȨôһ̫ʱ˵£뵽ҽҩеҵ
õͼչһ˾
ҽƷãҽҩ˾ƹãȡʤֻܳ˵һЩĶⶼǿԲõġ
ǵģ֮󣬹˾ֻҪȻвɹַҽԺʽݼݵķЩõ
ʡȥе˾Ҫеƹгã󣬼ռˣȥȳɱʵ׬˲ٵġ
еٴҽҪѷ꣬е㻮ָ˼ˡ
ֻһ㡣γҡͷȻ˵㿼ǵģ϶ֹһ㣬Ҿ㻹
ѵôʱദ㻹Ҫ䱸ôγֱܳɣһѹ
ܳԣּѵǣҪרҵͿУּң
ɣܻڻߵģңһ̶ϣҲǿܻҽԱģΪ仹һӦߣ֡
ָѣ˵һ޶
Ȼٰҩְȷöʣµռ䣬ҪԼ취ˣʵеԿռġ
ǣҲпӣ
һ㣬ȷҲУǻиεأγʡ
ȻҲ̽㣬ҲΪ㣬϶֪ԺĳɾͣһĵλҪ⣬Ҫȥˡ
˵ԺΪ˽ڣ͸÷ķչ·滮ҵĺܶԱ⡣
˵ԺܹλõĻ͵ΪĴ󲿷ˣıȡΪǿǣΪڵҵչıߣ
ҪƶָϣϿȫеҽƽˮƽƶӦߣרҵڣһȷĲ־
͵ۺϿǣþȡᣬ֪ȫ֡
ʱܿһ飬˵ÿһ仰ӰˣǧǧĴҵߣָԴγܳ˵˺ʵ⡣
ǵģγĻûġ
λı
ڵһЩָϣһ˸
һȺˣһȺרҡ
ˣֻǼ򵥵طųô
ȻΪ˱ˣ͵ò
ΪβӱȽϷĹңֱӽҪԼָϣ
ǿ϶ΪÿҵĹ鲻һ
ָϣӰǿ϶󰡣ԺҵҽƾףֶǷȷ淶Ҫοָϵģ⻹
˵ʦʵһֱڰԼ
ܳһܿѵΪҽԴĲ³
ܳ̽ԵʣʵѾ˵˺ܾõĻˣϻ
ֻǣܹ³һֱûõȻ˺ܶ취
Ҫ˶ʿоȥҽԺҽԺǲʿȥؼҽԺʡУĸԸǸص⣡
һֱûеõ϶ܱȻ߻ȫŴֹۻΪı⼸֣϶İ
˵ԼţøˣŻῼ顣

ʲôͺñȣƺͳˣ½ǬݵʱôķʱͿҲ£
ͨ£Ҫһи÷չˣصȥǾеˣ
˵ʵҪڵܳɣȥĴܳɾãԼݣǲ˵㡣
ڣܳͨģ磬˺ܶʶ
Ҳ˵һЩ㣬Ҳȫ档
ھܹǵȣѾǷǳˡγһȻҲˡ
ʵ֮ǰҲͷˣĿǰڵҽƻҽϵǽšҪĿģΪҽƷõյĲƸֵγ̫ߵ
ԭ֮һÿһҶ̵ĻǾͲˣǣ˶̵Ҳǲܵ顣
ţγֵ⣬ְ취ķʽҽסⲢǹҵĹ飬ˣڶˣ
ʵ£ֻ취
һЩںܶҵʿѹեΪʵʩһʱͻõĸơ
γĹӮҰãҪʱȥ֤ģҪǰġ
һǳĻǣʵһ̶ϣڵĲ˶ˣڣڵҽʶǿˣԶҽƵ˽ǰˡ
ԲŻᵼ£һЩĻڷ
ûӦԴûӦļֶΣݻӿ͹ۣⲻǽķʽ
ܳҲͷ
ĿǰҽҵΪڸľǣ࣬Ѵһ֣ᷢʸߣ˵ʲôһˣ念ɶɶɶġ
Ƕ飬ǿ϶
ңܹģٵˣǶǰ˲֪ͬˣͦˡ
һܲʵĻ˾ִҽѧĹ㷺ռƶõġ
ʦǣ
ڵ棬ôأܳʳ˹ؼ⡣
Ҳĵ⣬һ̫󣬲ܹƿصģֻʡ
𰸣Ȼ㣬ɹ˲˵Ҫ۵ǣ嵱ǰ˼·
һ⣬Ҫ˽뱾ʣȻԵظ
ңԺ⣬࣬ҪѧԼȥô
ҵʱ̣һֱδܽЩϣ㡣
˾ʱȻйڴһˡγô˵ʱɫį֮ɫ
ڻҲЩ᲻ˡ
ܳһ㶣˵ʦħԶһʱݷ̵ġ
γͷˣ᳤ܻܻΪǲɱ֮¡
⣬飬Ҫ˼·һ飬ҲҪ˵һ¡
γ˵⣬ƺеڸɣܳɾ͸ϽΪγһˮصݵγǰ
γ󣬲ˮ£Ժ󣬿϶ҪΪʦΪϼҪѧˡʦľ飬㲻ʦֻǰԼһЩת㡣
˵Ĵʦ֣ƽѣ˼άҲǼΪŹ֡ǣȥطе
ʵȻû˻ϲ칬ĺӣꡣ޷ߣԵȴģָֻɽ
ǺӣֵظֻԼع顣ĹأȥǶ룬Σ
ܳɱĿ˵ֻǾγĻ
ǵģСʱΣֻǿӴ칬
ΣıƣǱ塣
ٺεĻԼľʶйءҲǶһ־硣
һ㣬ܳǴӰ裬õ
ÿ˶飬ȫһôԼ飬ܾͰ׿ˡ
ܳԼΣϲǺӣֻȻֻܳԼļ⡣
˵Ԫ棬Ԫ棬˵еƣǹŰ壬츳Ϊ̫ڱˣҽȥ⣬һʱ䣬Ǽʶ
֤ߣΪģܻһЩܹıˡڵķԪ棬ѾܹʼٵˣҲڵһЩŶӣ˺˺ܶѧ
Ϊǹңͻ˺ܶ˲šرμ⣬þͺá
γԪ棬ƺǿأ˵Ҳοġ
˵¤¤ԣΪʵġ㽲ǴģΪƽһģţҾãҪ̫
ҷ֣ˣҵ̽£̫ڿ̰壬̰壬ȴǹŰ壡һһۣԸ鿴̫ء
飬Ǻ£Ϊ˸ʧǣǲ졣ҪɳҪ߹һأҰѸˣϲͽ
ȥʱƽңѦ޵£ܶ˶һܵģֻΪԼû£ʵĴ¡
һ¶޴βʲôȷ
Щ꣬ʡǱߣ˽ҽԺȻܹÿһЩˣй˸еŽڣȥ棬Ѿ˺ܶ࣬ҲʼԼŶˡ
γͷ˵¤Ǻµһˡܹ͸һЩ󣬾ͺ֧ġ
ڣѾʼԼµˣɵ˵ؼ棬سеҽ³񡣡
ܳ⣬һ
ԼˣȥмҽԴ³񣿣
ô˵ĻҽؼȥȷģʡУͲùˣ
γûиܳɺܶ෴Ӧʱ䣬һ䣬Ҳ˵ġ
壬ҼģˣõģҴӹԪƽġ̫ߣǰ;ܹ㣬û²㼲ľĻԺװѲ󡣡
ȥϼҵҽԺϰ࣬Թڣ˵Ѿǵ˵ؼҽԺˣҲܺܿͻȥʡĽѧҽԺְ尡
ҪԺȵȥģڱȽ֧ԮƫԶ֪˹ԴΪƽ飬Ҳ顣

γһһܳɽͣżѧڲ㺬壬֮ɣܳΪ𺳡
еγˡ
γ֮£⼸λ飬һһ䡣
еλʦ֣ҲγĹע֮С
λʦ֣ѾǳΪһȽϸĳԳγܹ֮Уֶ֮ҲܳΪ
ȻǸҪ
ָܳγһˮγż˵ƣڣΪصһˡʴϻۣ΢ѷɫں壬ԣȺߡ
ԣǲһģӦ֪ǵľֱҾͲི˰
ܳɵͷ
ʣԣ㷺棬ǿģǣϸȥȴͲһˡ
ͺñȣһҲˣܶʣͲܱȡȨʣҲһЩ˲ģأ
˰ɡ
Ƶѧĺ룬ҲΪԼǺʹ㣬֮ǰ˵̫ǿʲô鶼ƣܹܿɳ൱ڶɱ
㣬Ҳͬģ˭һӶУˣȻأͲ֪ôˡ
Ȼ󡣡
γ˵⣬̾һ
ʵҶƵİţǵԼȥרҵڵǲϣȻͻ֮ȻһɽС
;˼飬£ãҲвԣ
γ˵⣬Ȼе䣺ܳɣңԸԸ⣬ưһǳõĹȥԼТԼһӣͽȥ
ܳһ͡
⣿
ô
ƶԣδڸԶ
֣ݶԣƾ֣ݵȫһӣ֣ݶƵİȫġƶ֣ݵТ˳Ҳǵļ£ܾγ֪Ϊ˸֣βʲô
ǿγı顣
룬ܳ˵ʦҵĻһҵġ
ܳûγôԡ
Ҿ֪ôشֻÿ˵һӣ޵İ
޵İγȻпģ˵ôһ䡣
γ˵һҶ֪Ҫٵȶãǣ߮磬Сܳ׵ذһѣǰ͵ħ
˵ƵĸףҲС˵ġⶼǹȥˡ
СҲǸĺӣֻе˶ѡ
ħ֮ҺƵᣬȻܹܿʶǰļȻǿӸģеġ
ʦǲң
˵γֿܳɣĿǸӡ
˵㣬ҵһμ㣬ʱұ֪㣬츳ԣͬһ㡣Ϊ㹻ֶΣ
Ϊ㹻ǱΪ㶮ץסһпץ㶮óĬꡣ
ұ룬һ㣬ܹסʱȻأȥ˾˹ڣأʵпǣȥ֮󣬿ܻᱻȥ
δֹ㣬Ϊûǵ½Ǭݡ
㲻Ҫʦγգ˵ôһ仰
ҪǻᡣᣬһҪʦʵҲ֤ҵǶԵġ
Ӹʵ˶ںܹȥ
ң㻹ʱƣ㲻סȥһеһǰܾ˶Դ󣡡
ԣһᾡܵأΪȥᡣȥѦ޵Ҹ㴴ĵһᡣ
ȻȨ˵ʱΪ㴴ĵڶᡣ
ٽţҵʱҸ㴴ĵᡣ
һΣܹΪ㴴һˣ㶼ץסˣҺοԣҪȥԼѡҲҪ³еԼŬһУõ뻵Ľ
γĻܳ˫Ŀؿγ΢ֵߣγĿ䣬Щǣǲ޾ºͲɣƵġ
òƣܳɵһΣô׵˽γ
˾
ͬģҲܻץסϣһ˿⡣
ƶԣ飬̫һУγԼԣûġֻ飬۶Դ
˵˵Ѧ޵°ɣԱˡγŰѻһת

ϵסȥǸ¥·ϣܳɵ飬Щء
ô˵أγˣǺõģ˵ǺֵܹġԽԽףҲԽ˶ԼĶͽһ㿴ܸӡ
Ȼܳγϣ˺ܶ⣬Ǿγ²ŵԳƲ⣬ҪӷȥƵĻȻ
ֹܳɣ֪ȥˡ
лǿ϶ġ
ǣγȴָܳɣҪɡ
ǿиܳɹ䣬ʵһϸʦĸܳ룬ǲγҲҪΪԼ
⣬϶ǲʵġ

ٴο˻ʱԿͷ֮ǰѩףĿҲЩƣǿ񣬻ӭܳɺγ
ܳɿغһʦ
˻ЦеͷGСܣҪʲô裿
Դܳɵڶ˻ͷǳӣܳ׼˲ˮ
ʦξͺȰ׿ˮͺáܳɲൢʱ䣬ȻȥӰ׿ˮˡ
γһ׵ĺ裬豭ǰǸӦǾ˻档
һж׼ܳ
˻γڣ֪ҸĽ飬ǵôˣСԼʲô
γ˵ҶûСܵģ飬¹ش󣬻ǹ˲СԼɡ
˻ɫȻҲû˵ʲôǾƫͷܳɣСܣʵģҸڽأѡһؼҽԺһʵңһʱ䡣
ʦ֪ôܳɷһʵû뵽˻Ȼȥ顣
ѵҽԴ³ô
ⲻѧ
˻ͳһ˵Ҫǻ¼濼ǣ˵˵ɹ
ȣңڣһЩĽڣϿɣԵģ϶ǿɿεģǹҷǳǳ㣬˲Ŵˡ
˲ˡ˻Ͻ͸˿ڡ
ллʦĿޡܳæ
˻΢ֻ֣ǿͷϵĿޣܹ⣬Ǿͺÿ϶ǵġ
ĿǰֳĿмٴ츳ʵƸ㸱ڣڵְƣ֡
Ҳ֪ѾƸ˺öˡԣƸԣ̫ô
ڶ㣬ٴͻ˫ص˲ţĿǰǹңؼл½ڣʵһЩʵٴԴûб׵õġ
õԴ㰲ħĵط϶ܵһ̶ȵơ
ңԺĽ϶ҪĹģˣǰȥϤרõоԴǶԣõġ
Ͼڵһʵңһٴ飬ȫûģѵ㲻룬ӵԼʵңԼô˻˵
˵ʵ˻ô˵ʱܳЩ⶯ˡ
ܳɿ˿γȻֿ˿˻˵ԼĹǣʦİţʵûģֻǣ֮ǰҵʦԪƽڣйԼһھ·ݣصǱȥѧϰ
˻һЦ˵һ㣬ǲõĵģҲͬȥؼҽԺ뷨ġ
Ҫǻ㿼ǣҪȥȽҪ񣬶ҪԲɣа
Сʱܳɲźγһ𣬴Ӵ¥˳
ܳЩȻʧ
γܳɵı鲻ԣʣСܣǲȥؼеĻֱӸ˲绰ܾģڵӰţ˲ܾġ
ܳæҡͷγ˵ʦԲǲԸ⣬ڻζոոոչʦ˵ݡ
˲ոսµؼҽԺĵһԱ֮߼˵ʵ棬ⷽĿǣ
˵ؾͰѿٴֿˣǲе㲽ӿԽ̫ˣ
ոչ˻ǰҽҵŲСΣԣҪһˣؼҽԺչٴ⣬еŽѧ
вҺܸߡ
ѧҪ㣬һǰڵĵؼҽԺҽˮƽܹܺõɳΣڶǴǷչˮƽ
һȥˣнڣиڣΪڰ꣬ơ
ǵȷؼҽԺҵҲõǰ⣬ֻǣôĵȫҪһһš
϶ھı鰡
γ˵ֻʽϵķֿѣȻĻҶŬ򼷣ٴ򼷣еӺˣ
ԺְƵĻҲٴзֿˣӴ⣬͵ĽѧҽԺȻͷץΪһЩϲٴҽܶ񣬳׵ذҽ
еģͿſгԷٴģͿٴԷⱾǼɡְȸߵİġ
ܳɾ̾һĳ׷
֪϶治ģһȻı
ѿٴ׷ֿӴ⣬Զ顣ĿǰҪ񣬻ҽϵͳҽԴķֲ㣬Ϊʵ
ң϶ӭЧϵͳĸĸҲǻἯеؽĿǰ븶ƽ飬Ժᾡ໥£
˵Щ滮ĵָѵģʽʵΪ׼ģ
ʹƣҽеϵͳ˴ıʣŵϺʱڣÿôҶͬһߣԺ˭ܵø죬Ǿ͸ƾˡ
Զ˦һأҪ׷ϣֻܿʱ䡣
ڴԭλÿԳҶ𰡣˳ӦʱµذٴͿз룬ڿûǰ֮أٷչҽѧС
ʹ˻ʵ볯ҽƲҵ׼ֻ֮ǰһֱƽ׶Σû´󹦷ѡ
Լ飬أôһ棬Ȼ󣬸һõʱ
ѹְγ˵ԼڵӰǹ˻Ҳ᲻ǵġ
ʦˣһҪٵһʱ䣬뿪ħڻһЩؼĿû£
ңұҵ飬ҲǴ˹ؼ׶Σʱ䣬ţǿ뵽İɣܳʡ
γͷȻķչߣԶţڶŵ˸࣬Ȼ˵ǰ̵ġ
Ը⣬δԸ⣬Ը⣬˲ŮѵĸףҲδԸⰡ
γأô˵һ䡣
ܳɶʱĪԭ֮ǰİʾ
ԣǰ͸ԼʾֻǣԼһֱûӡ
Σȷľ棬ȷһõʱǶԿлǶٴ
ˣԽԽ㡭


ڶپʮ ˫֤
˵꣬ЦǺǵó˼ϣݸܳɡ
СܣҿǺﰡ
ܳɵĿ΢һһӹһüһȻЩȻ̧ͷ
ʦЩɼǣܳɿŵһҳԼϴѧĿԳɼܳɾ;΢еɵûʡȥôЩ͸㵽أ
γδػʾܳɼ¿
Ȼܳɱ㿴ˣ棬ڶļǹ֮ܳǰʱίţÿ˵ǩ
Ƿǳͳһ˼Ϊ㣬ѾﵽרҵͲʿˮƽѧɹ񣬽Ƹ販ʿѧλ
γŵСܰʵʿ˶ʿоһ׶Σ׶ΣҪ˵˼֤ġ
֮Ҫ󣬲ֻȥд££ֶͨΣд¡¹е
׶Σκһ£ǻᱻ¼ڲġ
ֻǣЩĿ͹֣Ӧڸ߷־֮ϣһЩĿ͹֣˹֮ڡ
ǣ飬ȫ֤ڿϵ츳ʵ⻹˻ٴС
˻ȻֻǹίԱϵͳģôõĵӣ֪ϵͳ໥ͨĻǾδҲ̫ͨЩ
γŵЩгɾͣڱۣЩ򲻱ر֪ǻϵͳͿϵͳģֻҪȻȻܹõҪĶ
ο£ѾеºѧɹѾԶԶһ㲩ʿˮƽԣʵҪĵˡ
ܳɸγĻ·ǣܳɴĲصݣԼϴϴѧͼݵļ¼
·ϴѧУױǩģʿѧʿѧλ֤鸴ӡ
ģ棬ֹһε˵ԼõӦѧѧλܳɣȻΪؽݸӡץס
ʦǣıҵˣ
ܳɻԼһĻĻȥʮ·ݿʼܳɱһŬתۣеļŬҲֻܳԼá
Ȼģѧϴѧѧϵͳѯõģǲٵġγ˵
ܳɻһ
ȶ
ԣʦô֮ҾҪһأȥؼҽԺأܳɺֱ׵ʡ
ɱҵõ֤飬һ׶εɣӭģͲѧѧλˣҪֱӹˡ
ʱ뵱ѧʱǿ϶ȫһ״̬
ȻҲУ⣬Ҳʱ򣬾͸̶ȵģԼȥ𣬴顢ȥܾûôϼҽʦ̣ΪԼڷ絲ˡ
㣡
ѡħȵ·ݣһȥ¼ҽԺҲǰȥ
ҽ΢һʱ䣬ȰԼ״̬˼·һ¡
γʱظ˽飺ΪһȽµĽ׶ΣҲڳԵĽ׶ΣδǺ£δǻ¡
Ŀǰ׶ΣһȥؼҽԺ߸¼ҽԺģǸмְƣΪǶְơ
ңһЩڵĸоԱоԱҲµؼȥεطչؼеĿˮƽһȽϳ֮¡
ȻĿǰܶ࣬ҲҪǳȥһҪҵԱ⣬ҲҪǰձ⡣
вҽвҽ
ٴͿУֱӴ⡣
ѻʵĻϣչµ򣬷۵档ҪС𡣡

γܳһЩ֮󣬱ܳȥʣµʱˡ
ܳһСʱԼ飬ƽ
õ飬һһϦ飬ǣƵ˶֪飬֤ԼǵõΪȼϢ
ϢĴڣԼкܶơ
γ˵ԼĻǿգҲڶԼ˼ά˼·ԺԼվòٸߵĻǾͲֻβôˣ
ҪΪֿǡ
ʦԼϣܸߡ
°ܳɻû˰ôһϢ
ϣǺܿĵģֻͨܳɻǲһ˿˿Ŀֻš
ܳο˵ʵҲͦõģұҵ֮󣬾ܹ¹ĵطˣʱȥǹǾͿԲΪûĿضˡ
ƵĹҲͦ磬ҴƵҽְʿռȺܸߵġ
һȽҽְҵܴȱںܴ󣬹Ӧǲ㣬˶ʿѧҪҽԺҲǱܻӭġ
ٴңôھ
˵ͷ˵ǵҵʦҲйʾԺְĲʿֻǣڷ֣ѧƣ̫ĶҪѧˡ
һõҽÿһ̨˱ݻĹؼ
ҺʦоĿǣĲ߽İȫιʱѡ񡭡
ܳԣһ
սڵĵӣǺܴİ
Լãⷽ򣬷ո𣿡
ιĲر·ģǵǰĽ֢ҴھԽ֢֮УչԴҪĿ⣬һ̫ͷ϶ĸо
ͷҡͷʵι˨֮󣬻ãֻҪƺеļ⣬ûнϴ˨ӽ뵽ѪҺϵͳڣȫԻǿɹ۵ġ
·ĽĹеĲȷ̫ˣ׾ͻ˥ʱûҵȽϺõӦԴʩ
ܳɣǲ˵ҿˡõѧλѧǴ㣬ȥ﹤أ
ӦûѡɳУܳɺƶ˵
мҪԭҺϸ˵
ҪȥؼеĻӦҲѡʡĵؼУħ뾩ĵؼУܺԶ
ҲûжʾԵɣ˵£ħôҪɳһˣ
һֱûǣܳһֱ滮ţҪȻɳһ˵ģĽݣĸ²Իȥʱ䣬кܾá
ܳȻȥˣҪȥĻôǾҪغܾһʱˡ
ħ£ʵԼٴ꣬ͻɳˡȻ·ݣʦٿѡ񡣡ܳҲ˵Щʲôˡ
ڵĴƣ˱仯ȥﶼܺʣŲСĻڵġ
ң¸ĳ֣ܳɿǵһ£ǾǣǿƵĲֹгЩкģʱϣûȥ
ңƣҲֻйǿһѧƣǿƵĸרƣһܹӳһЧӦѧ֮䣬ں϶ܹķӦ
ŬԼļȻǹؼ
ԣԼ֮ǰԵģֻеҩأڳҩĳԣ֣ʱûдȫɿصĳ̶ȣ
æǵһΣ΢˸죬Ҳе˼
ܳ΢΢̾һеæʵԼ΢еֵܱɶûæĺá
οҵĹȶ󣬾͵óŸҪıһˣӣӡ΢һǮ
Ͳ֪ʱʱܹҶ˲ʽ𡣡ܳɶ԰˵
ԣһ㶣Ͼܳɵ˼
Ҫ飬ȻǳɼҡЩˡ
ǣǵһ㵽ڣҲ¶࣬ھ͹滮£ǲеˣ
ʵ˵ʵʱûҲûϵ
òϸһ룬ڵܳɣٴǮȻ˲ʽһһйоص׸ͳˡ
Ҳѡ
ܳر˲ţ˵λ˲ʡҲܶĲҪħѹġ
ܳһۣ˵ôͻȻͻȻ˵ˣ֮ǰ˵ôұҵʱ򣬲ſǽ顣
ܳɵͣСˣڶʮߣʮˣҲСʮ
ֻǣˣҪԺܶĪѹ֮ǰǹ滮ǣ꣬úõشƴһ¡
ֻǣڣܳһӰѴƴʱʡȥˣ⣬ֱܳ˵
꣬оһ꼶뵽꼶ҵꡣ
ô滮ţʵҲЩڼȻҪ΢һġܳɶ棬е㺦ߵİ˵
һкӦøŮӵĳŵ
ܳɷ֣ϵȷ󣬰ӣرЩˣڱǰҪӺһЩرǷ
ܳɾͲ֪Ϊʲô
ȵϵľŵ࣬ܳɲǣ뿪˰ķӣصԼס
ܳߺ󣬰ڷǰ
ȫˣ֮ǰܳʱŤŤ̬ҲʲôԱ
ȻɳϣԼԼһ
㲻Ҫ
ȻԽԽ
Ҫǰ֮ǰΪʫǸ۵ðʫ꣬һǾǣãԼΪܳɱʲôɧӽȵǣЩʲô
ʫ굨Ӵ󣬽ħĻᣬֱӰ߮ˡ
ĵӲãͲô죬Լǽ٣ۼپҪˣ֮ǰиܳɲֹһεҪҪȥһΰ
ܳûʱ䡣
ȻۿʱԽԽԼͲ֪ôˣ⣬ɲû
óֻʫ귢Ϣ
ܳɻصԼķ˼ȫ棬˵ܳɾǽϵҪǣһϵеϢܳɵĳȫһ
ԼõϢ̫
ȨͰõģڵҽҵ˺׶ΣֱǲĿԺ󶼿ˡ
Ǵӹ˻õģȴǴ츴մأǸõʱ
ȷܳϸشԼĽǶȳǶԼԣõʱ
ѧѧλ⣬õ˽һԳûǰߵΡڲܹȥ·ߣµؼҽԺ棬ǰ飬ٴ߻ԵĿ⣬չԼĵ̡
нʴӾԺӾһʲƵ롣
ǣʵУͨڿٴˣడҲÿ˶ǳơ߮ˡ
ˣӵеľʵ޶ȵģͨһͺˡ
ÿ˵ĶλóҲͬ
ֻԼȥ˲οĻÿ˶ģ£ôܳɾãԼ϶첻˰ǲôǵġ
ңȻǾҪ·ߵĻôҪúõĥһ£׸ôȥúˡ
ҪôҪܳһһ¡
һģļܣѧƵļҲҪʼģˡǱʡԼܹȡõĳɾֻͣΪģļܣʵ
ڶǾǣôһؼҽԺٵ⣡
֡ɣٴ⡢֮䣬ôúõƽ⡣
չ˿⡣ľ
ܳɾãҪչһĻĻҪȥĿˣ⣬ԸԼĪĺôԶҪúõĳһ£Լ֪ȡ
Ȼһٴ⣬ȻǴӲѧˡ
CCϲϣٴϵӦãȨ˾ԺȫһɱַϲϣɲֻڸְϣӦúʵĻ
ĤûԷѪܼȵȣ
ҪؼҽԺʵô׼ؼѵҪģѴãٺĲġҩռȣռ䣬ȻȻسˡ
֮ܳǰҪ촿˼·֮ͬ
Ϊѵľ֣ǿĿǰȽϺĲˣЩߣĿǰˮ֮а
ܳɲʥĸǣԼ㹻£ܳûǾƬհײ㣬ǿеġ
£
ûйûѧû֮ǰһжǼٵģԼˮƽõܳɾãԼǿԿ֣Ϊʥĸˡ
⽫ǹҹǿʵˮƽһɱ
еļϣɱǲһúãҲá
˵пλڹ̶ɣСпڣ֮⣬ĸλЧƵжôʵ
ǲܵġ
ɱȡ
ǣ˶ģǲȡģ
ݲһվĽǶȲһ˼ķʽҲһǰ֮ܳûȥš
ңϺ͹ϣ˻ʦǣߴţܳɣһʱȥ߲Ķˡ
ò˵һУʵضԶ顣
شﲩ˲żüãͬҲ˿ڶࡣ
һЩĲ֣Ȼʲߣڸ߻˿ۻ£ʵһЩļģҲΪӴġ
ǣΪϡ٣治һЩҽҩ˾ϵģоѶȴԷˡ
дһЩ˼·֮ܳɰЩٻعһ飬ȻԳЦ
ԼԽԽԼˣڵԼʵ˵ҲǸձҵĲʿѣֻҸ˵ٴ⣬Ȼһѡ
ʶо仰
λδǹ
ŬɣҰֵĴڣΪʵ飬ƥ䣬ƥ£ǾͲҰˣģ

ʱ仺ţһ¹ȥ
ܳɣƵˣ˹Ʒٴ飬ңƵˣǷǳܹӦˡ
գֻˡ
ٴĻܳŰƺͳ˵ʦһǿԾذѿġ
һεٴ֮ܳɻһ
ˣҲǻ˱飬ϧХֵ࣬ûм֤һĻ
ͽЩƽƬǣԿеģңһСĿǰ׳ûж븴󡣡
СڶԣѾǷǳˡʱߵļ飬ҲǽչɹֻۣҪԤڽףͿʽӦõٴˡ
СܣǸŰ
ܳɲûǫ飬ֻ˵ʦ֣ʦУҲǸ˺ܶཨƣǿ飬ʵǵֻһˡ
Ұ߮ոѪǿϵĿָ꣬ҲǶĽĴ档
ֻһ˵ĻŪĶ٥ѱ⡣
Ҳĺãǣνʵˣȷǳ˲ٵ
ԾͿ߮磺СҲҪȥ˰ɣ
߮ǿ˿ܳɣ磬ǸܳɸģȥҾȥƽʺˡٺ٣
߮ô˵Ҳûš
߮Լ͵͵Ŀ⣬ȻӰشħʱȥѪƻ˲ʮΣ֪ʵ֮ǿˡ
֪кܶϣܹ߮£ħǰ߮ܳɵĹϵ̫ˣһܳΪļƣܳȥģȥġ
˺һ߮羭ήңܳȴȣ滳вò˵ܡ
ںĬĬڽ˵
ǸӣȻ֮ڸ߲ɣͲ֣ǸԼһĶֵأû鷳Ҳûʲôд˼ƪ¶ѡ
Щ˵ɸ߮綼Ҫȥˣ᲻ð
߮ԣǳ˳飺ȥоϸĲ뺣ϸĶҾǺʺϸоġ
ǵģ˼άѵ߮綼ϣǸ
һִģ뺣ˡ
ԣ˵߮磬治ǲҵҪû𣿡
ƣϱܳɸ˾ͷʦгʦ֣жں˵ɣҸֻǳʣµġ
ؽƣҺʦȶȲϡ
˶ҽѧǿжʦ㣬츳׿׿ţҾȥ⣬Ҳ൱ͦŵġ
Ȼ˵԰ǿƣǺӲġпƣǺġ
ҾƤʹϸͺϸһܹ໥Ӳǡ
ͣͣͣ
˵ţƾִˣ˵ˣ˵ȥҪ˭¼Ƕ챻ץ
ǻǺϼһ£ԺĻ⣬ôɣܳɺ߮ҪɳУ϶ҪǴһֻȥġǿ飬ĳԣǲʱ;ơ
໥̽֡
⣬ʹˣʱʵңȻֿ˸ᡣ
ΪܳΪжĴⰡҪǴȥⲻǼѹ飡
ҲΪ˻ܳôһٴ飬Ҳ໥εĻԣԳܳɺ߮Ͷûܾ

ʱӽĩ飬ٴξһΡ
춼˾ƣΪʱķ롣
ԣھ۲͵ʱ򣬷һˣ˵ƺҡԣһֱۣҾãʵǴڿԵģϾֻҪܹ׿
˵һ룬Ƹѹȥϡ
ƺȵ̫࣬ܳɺ߮磬߳˰ᡣ
ȷ磬Ϯƶܳ˵СɣҴħģҲһȥҵʧҵĲӽˡ
ⳡƣҽ֮ĵһΪƵġ
ҲҪѹʵʲô䣬ֻǸԸ˵ġ
ܳǰסƣƺȵеࡣ
ƺѵġ
˵Сܣû˵ĻҲרҵûϵ
Ȼתͷ߮磺߮磬֪ϻ۹ˣһ㡣һֱôѧĻԸ
ˣ£Ĳ㣬ǰûʲôѵԭ򡣡
ΪʱͻῼףһֱţͲʲôѡ
߮˼飬΢
Ƽ˵ܳɣϾȨ
Ҫɵһ㡣ƤֽҪˣ˸ӾԴһ𡣡
úÿһ£Ժôദɡ
Ҷ˵̣ǰǸҲöָֻš㵱ˣ
˵⣬ƶ˶٣ǻġ
˵⣬Ȼתˣܳɺ߮վ·ϡ
ܳɿ߮磬߮㶣֪Щʲô
ã߮һ
ܳɿ˿߮磬ʣ߮磬û°ɣʦʵûʲôر˼
߮˱۾
֪
ҵȷûѡ˵仰߮㳯һȥˡ
ܳҪȥ߮ȴͷ˵ܳɸ磬Ҷһ˾һллҲµģˣϧúܡ
߮ôһ˵ܳɵǲøȥˣ߮ǰߣӰе¶˼
˵ʵܳɶ֪ΪҪô˵߮ˣܴġоϣһ֡
ƷǾûİ
ƵĻǴ߮ʲôߣķӦô
룬ܳҲûȥȻߣһһƺͳ˶˻ȥ»صԼķ
ϢһˡҪɳˣȥ𣿡
ͰĩпյİΪʲôôʣеػһ䡣
ܳɵķӣҲˣħðʱ䣬ҲʱҪһˡ
ûУʣ졭ܳɾͰƽЩһ顣
Ȼ˵Ծʡ
⻰ͺеطˣֻô
ҲûС

գܳûȥκˣߵʱ䣬ѡա
˰һħ˺ܶط
ܳûпһȥֽ֡ӰԻʿᣬ˶԰
ٻصʱ˶۵һ
ܳ˰ɳϣһ붯ԼæԼЩ飬ŮӲ϶жױϴЩġ
ȰٳʱܳȴѾɳϣ˯ˣС
δţŵԼĤȻЩȻָһ¶ȣѿĿյˡ
ٸܳɸһ㱡̺ӣ֪ܳʱ䣬飬۵ңλȥɳ֮Ȼͣ
Ȱһж󣬴˯²ųʱܳɵɡ
ҿһȦѴˣȻóһ㱡Ŀյɳ̡
Ťͷ˿ܳɣܳбţͬһ
ɵһЦһȻܳɵĶͷϣСĵشԼĴ
úܽܳϵĺζеѬ
ˣϵ˻Ȼ˶ͣܳԱߣѿյϣҲǻؽ뵽
ǲ̫ϰôɳ˯ģ˾ͽƫбƫбܳɵϣܳɵȡ
һҹ޻
գѹʱܳѾǲˡ
ϵıӣȻǻڡ
͵ʲôȻͷ˿Ȼգգۣһ졣
ãûʲô
ƫͷңܳɻûڡ
ҪܳɷϢȴǷ֣ۣܳɳе׷ۣ͵ζŨ㴿ֶեˣӨ͸
緹ˣҵȻҪʰҰѷӸˡܳɶ԰к˵
ȥϴ

ٿ߮ʱ߮״̬ûʲôԡǰûʲô
ܳ˵ӵʱҲͬ˵ԼķӣһС͵䣬еĶ
ڴŬ˫֣ܳ֡
ܳҲͷк
ɴŴţܳɾͷ֣ӣȻͰરવˣȻæԼһֻȥ
ܳɿһĻûɳһ¡
߮˵ȥɣˡ
߮ܶµתǿпһڹ
ܳɾǰȥȻذѰ§˵Ļûֻǰ˫ۣܳɵļϣʪܳɵİT
ãվֱ˵ȥɣȻȻҪˡ
ڼʵǺܲõģȻ˵
ãʵµʱ䣬ҲܿġܳȻתȻڲȥˡ
ֱܳɵıӰʧݺͰų˻
˰ߣ˵СߣҪʵ᲻ãͻɳȥħѧϰģȥѧϰҲһİ
ҡҡͷ磬ĸ磬ԼҪģЩ飬ҲҪԼ顣
ܳܳɣ̣ҴӦ̵飬Ҿһġ
ԣû˵ʲôֻĿ⡣
ãԼãСߣѾˣһֱԼ⡣



ڶپʮ Jˣ
֮ܳһһ绰ƽһǸγȥġ
γֺǺ˵ţõģˣȥ󣬾ҪúˡʲôѣҪǵöʼġ
ܳԣһǰϼʱܳɿóвᡣ
Ŀ⣬ƽ
õģʦԺ󻹻̵ġ
Ǹ绰ãĵ⣬Ҳ޹ʹģǺģ˵ʵܳڲŵɳУһָⲻͷ
⻹һΣһŮԼأһֹĸоİҲȻ
ܳɶ˲̶ķ߮ͷ֮Űѵ绰Ҷϡ
ơѦ޵½ڵȶһһ㱨Լ΢
ϾҲˣŲ̶һȥϴѧҽԺǱߣѧҵܳԿףԾʱס
΢ʰһºܳɾ͸̶һ
ܳɾ˵㶫ȥļݷ˰ĸĸһˡ
ϾڵĹϵѾ϶һȻڼңҪݷһ˵ġ
ܳɵãϷ򸾶ҲΪӭģܳɲһΪʢͣȻһָƵܳɲŸǣֻص˲̶ķ
ǣŵ̶͸ܳɴ绰ˡ
û˵˵˼֣Ҫдܳɡ
ܳɽȥܽȥһΪСݵƫƧ͹ݣڰϾڵơ
ܳɵ֮󣬾ͿؽеʦϾ
СܣλӦöʱڣ˰ɣ̶Цʡ
ܳɵͷǾ·ȥʦģʱб䣬ֻܰʱ䣬ˡ
ϾллϾܳˮܳæ
Ͼ˵ܳɸ磬ǰûôģڣʦ֣
Ŷˣʱ£û
ĹڷܣԴϴΣָ£ƪºڵĻԿɸˣӿռݣ跹˼
ܳԣЦһ£Ŭİ
֪ܳڻԼѧѣҲû롣
̶⣬͵Ĺ̫ǿˣԣδʲô£ҲҶིʲô
Ŀǰԣʡĵһ
ܳԣ̶üͷ壬㽨˵ʦ㲻ȨȥӴһ£ҾȨ϶а취ġ
̶ԣһǧȨϽǸӲȶءҶ
̶ҲǺ֪֮֮ǰϺϷ鱻ع⣬Ȩɵģ֣ȨҾٵ
ҪȨһʱ䣬̶ȨƤ
ʱûˣǾͲˡ
̶Ų˵Сܣıҵ֤飬ѾˣöϾˣĿǰҼ㵽ʱһˡ
ŵ飬ҾͲˣԼȥٽڶԽӣȥԼţҪҰæģֱӸҵ绰
ܳɵ˵ͷ˵ллʦ
С飬ãҪȥ𣿡
Ŀǰ߻ûֵģ׽ھϣܹѡȨ׽ģȽϺõĵؼУһǺУڶǳС
һҽԺеһҽԺǲȥ̶ܳɸ˱ȽϺõ顣
ܳ΢΢üһҽԺҲʧһҽԺ
΢˼Ǻܳɻ˵ʦһҽԺĻҲǱȽϺõĽѧҽԺزȥٶʲôˣңеһҽԺҲʡڱȽ֪ҽԺ
ʦʵҲΪģóȻȥָֻţҶڣʲôҲͰһˡ
ҾãѡеһҽԺǳҽҽԺҴǱߵĹǿʵҲΪġһĵӣʲôˡ
ܳѡҽҽԺҪĿġ
һܳҪȥ΢˽һ»ĴͳҽѧڶǣиĲռȣ֮ǰ㣬úʡ
ҽҽԺҽԺǹǿƵʵÿֽţš
ģܳɴеһҽԺϴѧļҽԺǣʱùϵĴڣηηŵġ
ȻҲٽڽûҪüͷ
ȻоɳУмܽ
ΪҪǣлֱħȥҲΪġоûˡ
ʵȥħܳɽڲſǵأ֮ǰãԼԼ飬һŬǼõġ
ǣ죬ֱʱܳɾ͸ı⡣
ȷŮѣҪġͨҲһҪǵء
ĿǣǿǵûҪܵǽ죬Ͳˡ
ʱһȥɣ볣ҽҽԺǿƵΣǱȽϤģܹĹ
ܶȥɣա̶飬˵
ܳɾ͵ʦͱȥ˰ɣҵȥ죬һȥϴѧҽԺжҽԺ棬߿
˵ɳôãûôȥҽԺء
ʵ֮ǰܳһֱڰҽԺ
֮ҪȥҪܳҪ׼ʱڳУ˵⣬ҪͣӺһЩ
ɲѡط߲ο
׼ս
һȥ£̶Ǻֱ׵ֽ顣
ܳȴҡͷʦԼ߿Ͳһȥ˰ɡ
̶ʱɫһ壬С۾һûˣȾưɡ
˺ü飬ܳɸˣ⻹ô죿
ܳҲûϻ㰡
Ȼڲ̶֮ܳɾ̶ʼһЩȽרҵ⣬ϾѾſ
Ȼܳɾͷ̶֣Ȼ΢״̬еʵϣѵúܡ
кܶطܳɼ֮󣬲̶Ͼ
ʵ֣ܳɶˣģֹһεسֹĳܳɻǲš
û뵽ˡ

ܳʵڲ̶֪ͶϾסֱӵ绰Ѳ̶ͶϾ͸ʦĸȻʦĸܾܳɰæֵܳص
ʱѾϵʮһ㡣
ܳɻǸһƵȻ˿̶˱ûпƣͿҲ˵
ǰЩʱһֻͬһĻʵ˵ĵλãҲǧ֮ңǧ֮ңˡ
û˯𣿡ܳЦʡ
Ҳû˯ѽЦŻء
ҲŻ˯ˣһ㣬Ȼڰҹ
ڵƵ˯ˡƵŹǷܳݰݡ
ܳɹҶƵԳЦЦͷ
ʵԼ֪Լôʲô壬Ǿ뿪ƵȻֹҶϣ·ܹĳﰲοƵġ
ܳ˵ѹ֣֮ǰھСѵʱǸĳˣҪŮҵ绰ࡣ
˭ţ
Ŷᡣ
Ŀ⣬Ҳ֪ôˣҲûҹԼҲ˼·󣬾ͲҪԼİæ˰ɡ
ܳЩпǴ㣬ħ˷չȥٴģ˭֪棬ȻģΪͻƿڣҵ˳ˡ
ҲøˣХ˵ĿҲǲġ
ңӳ˵ĿУܳɻ֪ʵڱȽϴ͵ҽԺţٵģЩʱܳɵ㷶Χˡ
ϴ˯
գܳشϴѧҽԺ͸ҽԺҡңҪΪ˹۲죬ҽԺ࣬ͼﻼߵĸԲ֡
Ȼͷ֣ͰҽԺģħԺҲġ
ħħԺȻҲǶҽԺǶҽԺܶ࣬ܶಡˣɢˡǣɳУһ͸ǶģΪС
˵ҽԺһ۷粨ڣ
ܳҲδᣬÿĵλ˶ǻϵģһˣҲܹһУ󲿷ֶǺõġ
٣ܳ˽Щˣǻϵġ
ţҽԺĲ֣븽һ͸ֲһ
ڸһ͸ĵλ򵥵Ĺۡλȼ٣ȫദˡв㡢ԹιȲˣǾͶˡ
ҲܳͬĵطĶĲͬģǲֽṹ
˽⵽ЩĻϣܳɻȽϲ෽λأϴѧҽԺͶҽԺʵ

ֿңԺֿңǱȾԺҲһΡ
̫ƽ⡣
ͺñȣľơƤơƵȣǼõġһƵȣҲǼõġ
ơǿƵʵϣѷɫһ
ΣΪʡĴҽԺҽԺȫܴġһЩڵĿ͹ʵѲͬȫĽǴ඼Ͽɵġ
˽ܳˣȥеĻ𳵡
Ϊǰн棬ܳɾԼľټţӻվֱҽҽԺȥ
ΪٱϣϴѧҽԺĲʿѧѧλڣܳɸյܵ˼߹ӡ
ԺûеԺҽ񴦵ĴԽӴġ
ҽǰˡһǰ˵ҪϢҾǺڴĵԺһ֡
һͨ֡
ҽ񴦵ĴгѾԺײһ֡
ԺΣǿˣҲǺڴѧϰһʱġܳȻǴеĿףǸ˵ġ
ңܳɻһϸ⣬Ǿǹǿƣû˹ȻܳҲûãǱҪʲôġ
ҽ˵ЦˣֻǵؼҽԺҽǴ֮ǰħģСппλڹ̶ȫΪҡ
ҽԺĹǿƷչҪҽЯͬġЦǺǵ˵ʮͣѾ΢еͺ
кһ˵ĸоͷܼ⣬ĺܿһִˮֵĸоΪȴ顣
죬ǿƵļΣһѲۣԴҶסˣûйȻһȥǿ֮󣬻ҽĵרžһӭʽġϾͿʼ˹ǿû顣
ܳüͷһ˵Ժӭʽ飬˰ɡøô鷳ˣҲֻǻᵽһ
ûҪۣ˷Ѵҵʱ䣬ʦǣӦöͦæġ
ܳɿɲϲô󴵴޵һףú£ˡ
ȴЩΪѣ̬ܳȼᶨҲ͵˵ͷ֪ҽȥĸҰ
ǹǿĸңˣؽڣ˶ҽѧĸҡÿΣҽȥָҲԾҽ֮о
⵹ǸܳɺܴɣûܳǰǵһЩʡ
ԺһǻϱУ˰ɣԼǴƳġܳͨĻҲ֪ˣԷϣԼȥ˵ĿԴЩ
ܳҲȥˣϤࡣ
ֺǺЦòˣ֪ͨƵ¬Σ¬ڴĵˡ
ܳһ
Ƕڻ֪ͨ¬Σ²ЩΣ֪ԼȥƨŶ
ܳɿû˵ơ
ȻͳѾˣ԰ܳɴ˴ơ
һ·ϣʵ⣬ǣܳûŮѣŮˣʲôʱ⡣
ܳɶһһӦ˲ûΪܳŮѣͱֳã֪ܳɺŮһڳУһħ󣬾Ͳٶˡ
˴ƺܳɾ̷һȽص⡣
ǾǣⴴƵǽϣܳɵͷѾˣңĻֵе㹻
ܳһݣ˿ҽҽԺǻЩ˼ģǰ֪ҪԼˡ
¾㣬ܳҪƣȻƹСппλڹ
ͬʱĻ鶼ˡ
MMPŶ
ܿ죬ܳɾͼ¬εˣͳѾǳ֣ص¬νӡ
¬ΣҽҿǰǿˣҪúõؾһ֮꣬ҽܵί˰
ҽԺòȡĸ߲ҽ¬αҸķ
¬ȫ¬⻰ɫȻϣԺ´ģҽǴƵ֪ȺͷĿõġ
ھħĴطһָҿ
Ժһˡ
¬˺󣬾Ͱͳ˿ңȻ߽ܳɽһ¿á
飬ߡ
¬ΣҲҽʦȻ飬ֱȫΣͯΡ
ܳɾһһ
ǣ¬ȴǵȫûнܡ
죬ȫûţڸܳɷַð״ӣܳɿһȦĲ칫ҡֵҺٸܳΰ칫棬ֳһܳרŰ칫ã
һһܻʿʦŶӼʿŶӵĳԱ󣬾͵緹ʱˡ
˳Է
ǳҶһǳߵľƵꡢܳɽȥһüһﰡһʮ˶ΧһȦĴֵҽͻʿ֮⣬˶ˣ
ܳʮˡ
УŸҽʮҽ
ΣΣĸסԺҽʦ½ģᣬоѧ
ȻŶ棬ʿʮ꣬Ѿˣģȫǵҳ඼ΪܳߴƺڿܳλʵĵƵġ
˵ʵ֮ǰڰҽԺǲ̶ܸܳɴûʶĳ棬γҲûʶĳ棡
ǰ¬ٴδˣӭܳɵĵܳɵĳɾͣҪԣԼеְ
ǿңܳһʱص㹥˶󣬾ǹ۲ˡصҪѧϰݣСппλڹ̶
ҽǿҵļָǿв˵ĽѧѧšҪǿҵҽ飬˵⣬ʱҪпϿΡ
ֵ༰⣬ʱҪпչĦѧ
ǵĻŶӣҲҪز뵽ǵĽѧ鷿ۼǰһӲͷ
һѡ
ܳɾվҲҪ˵㻰
ףܳȻϲҲòӣֻǾƱ˵ҽܳɣԺ͸λʦһ໥ѧϰ໥ո¬˵ô໰ʵ̧ҡ
ԺϣҶͽ̣вĵطҲλʦͷ
ܳɲûаڼӣ֪һУ϶¬ģǸʲôģǵÿ뵽ٴȥ֪Ǹʲôӡ
ܳ˵꣬¬˵ҽǺǫİΪȴֵ꣬ѧϰ
ʿ˵ǰɣ
ʿȫĴȽϳ죬ĻֵҲϣһ˵ŮζЦЦ˵ҽǸ߲ǫĻԺǻŶӣһᾡǿҵҽŶӣϵġ
ţߺϸϸͬڶһϸܺ
ܳɼʶٵĻʿãߣܿصסˣ
һͨʺܳ¶ǵľƣһˡ
Ȼ󣬻Ҫƣܳɾ֪ԼôȥôҲܶסֻˣ¬ΣʿиλʦĺȲˣллλĺ⡣
λʦйҪչͲˣ͵Ϊֹɣշ
֪ܳ¬ǣܳͦһˣ¬Ҳܹ֪Լĳ⣬ˣҪƵĻҲǺ۸ӡ
¬ܳɵľˣҲͲöΪˡ
Уҵĵһ죬ôˡ
򳵣ص˱ŵĵܳɵüͷ̽
ҽҽԺԼˮҪ¬ΣҲǺĻɫҲ֪ʲô
ʲôʲôԼҪ滮ãԼĵһڡ
ܳɻ䣬ѲӵһȦˣĴƣԹۡȾ˵Ĳ˾Ӷ֢࣬ûС
ңûƣҲ˵Ƥ꣬Ҳǹǿƶεģ⵹ԼҵӸһЩ
۲˵Ļֵ١
ܳɻţ¬ִ绰ˣҽ˰ɣ˼ûס˶̫ˣҽܺȵĲ٣ûɣ
費Ҫæ
ܳһҪæҲ¬æ
¬ΣһУǾͷеΡܳɰ˵
ǺȶˣǻΡ
ģҽΪ˱ʾӭĵҾͼƽţϿһ𣬳裬ҽΰ
Ƿһ¡Ͼܻ뵽ʱĸǿȹС¬顣
ܳ룬˵¬ΣȻǴҵҲôŴҵˡȫ¬İš
է˵飬㲻þܾǿа취Ӧԡ
ǺȾƵĻ˰ɣȾ¬ΣӦÿˣҲôƣҪǺſˣμ棬ͳˣɾͲˡܳɹ˵
ȾƵʱ޽ɣ˵ԼĻҸ˳£ǺҹʱҲϣαأ
Ⱦơֻǳ衣¬ûǿ
ܳ̾һȻϢһ
ȻԼʱͺͰһ߿Ƶһȥ˳ĵطͬʱԼĶλ
û취Щ⣬Ȼû취⣬ôܳҲֻԼİ취ȥˡ
ܳɵ˰󣬹ǹҶƵȻСİѰƬ˳
Ƭ˺س˹ʣҽŮôƯŮӰ
ܳæذĻ㰵ֺǺǵɵЦԼɶ
ܳɹҶƵǰܳʲô¬ֻǾһƳ֪Ĺ滮ƶˡ
ոŮʡţȴԼЩŮܱȵġ
ŮһţǺ˵ġ
ԣڴӵ£ܳɹǺ׸󣬴һ˴ҴҹƣȻܳɻǳƵضԶʾŮӴкȻһ㶼
Խ¬֪ԽûϷˡ
ܳɣȻЦ˵ҽǰôİɣ
ţǰĴ࣬ҪɤŶˡƾ赨Ӵѧ˻ѡܳҲЦЦ
Ȼûмʶĳ棬ǼĴɲ١
뾰ǽڵ˵ѧ飬Ϊߵݣָ㽭ɽϡϵˣ۵飬ٰвı
ĿǰС棬δ
ܳϣǲġ
οħȣȨȥȲ衢ȾƵĵط⿴ƺKTVᣬܹģ
ҽĵӿ治СҾͲᳪ裬Ҳҿڡ¬ЦԳ
ܳɿţļΡԼʿǣԣԹ۵ģ
Щʿǣ˱ȽȽϻã˺ö˺þˣǱȽҲȽˣ欵رı
ܳϣȷ΢еҲڵܿزסԼĳ̶ȡ
¬ΣƤȽϺ񣬲³ɡܳɾЦеػصһЦΪЩβ˼
ൽŵ㣬ܳɾҪǡ
ҾҲòˣ⳪ĳΣҲɢˡ
¬ص˼ɳϣͷһȻ̾һ૵ܳǼģĳ棬Ȼס
Ҳ֪ԺǵôǵģôĵܳڳС
¬һȻҡҡͷ¡

ܳɵ˼󣬺ͰգóһЦ˵ŮѵֵܹұһȺ֬׷۵š
СȭͷŻȥôͿʼڻˣ֮ǰġ
˵˿ڿʼ֮󣬻϶Ǳˡ
ܳɾͺ˵˵ʵҵĿڻҲ֪ˣϲģһֱˡ
ŮˣǿŶģʲôŮˣˡ
ܳûиԼ裬ǰʵ˵ˣô˵ҲԼ衣
ңҲĵ뷨
ԹƵǰãȭͷ£Ҳ仵ǱߵΣ˼̫ˡ
֪ͲȥؼҽԺģ
ԽǱȽСҽԺһЩֶΣԽǷḻǴ͵ҽԺҶᰵʲô߰ģΪһץס˰ѱˡ
ң͵ҽԺÿ˱ȡĸʺѡ񶼺ܶ࣬˸Ļѧרҵʵ
ܻЩģڲԺҲѽ
ңʵҵѹŸһЩðɣҾͲţڵĵλ棬ûҪ΢źżӺʲôġܳɻһתʼתƻ⡣
ͺƤصûأ
Ҳ¿϶Сܳɵ
ž͵ϲ㣬¶ˣ΢źţһԼõģһá
ҵһСܣɲܸ͸¶Ŷ
š
ܳæ̧ͷȻؿ˰
㻹΢źţ
϶͸ܳչʾһȽ޵Ĳ
ţ˺ŵл⣬Ȼһ󣬾Ŀˣһͷõͷһģһ΢źš
ڼ䣬ǻ˵Ե¼΢ƵȻֻչʾ
͵͵˵һѣûʶҵңһ΢źţ϶벻˭档
ܳӡ
˲۾
Ȼ˼һ⡣
ô˵Ļ
ԼȨҪVXţ˭ģ
ǰģ
˵ǰģôǰ棬ô밲ģˣ
ܳе㲻ˡ
ڣܳûȥƽ⣬ðпգʱʵ£ܳɻҪȥȨ֤һʵԵġ
Ҳ룬϶Ͷˡ
ͲǸѿôܳʡ
˵һ΢źţ棬ôԷ˰ΪҲö˼ô
϶ҵġʮֿ϶˵Ȼֳ︡һס
Цеթ
ôŰôĵĳӣܳɻǺܿĵġ
ææѽʡ
Ҳ֪Ҷ֪ǸʲôĿǰˮǳ˴󡭡ܳ̾
û£ͣһֱġϸ˵
ӦԼÿƯͻݣܳſھʣȻĵð֡
ע
ģûиĻעġ
һܵҵӽʮˡ


 ǹ̥
ʲôʱʼѧ컬ˣǲʲô£
ҹ۽һˣʱ򣬺׸ӣȻȻѧỨϢܳ㶡
ܳɿ꣬룬˵Ǹʲô۰ô˵ЩԼ֪
ܳûµģǰۣ治ٰ
߮磬ܶס

գܳٵʱ򣬾ʽشҽҽԺƣҽҽԺİ״ӡ
ȫµģܳɵһףһ˶ҪףĶ䡣
罻ϣ¬Σٴδ˿ңӭܳɵĵ
һ罻ļӳϣһܳɵĹź͹滮
ȫΣͯΣǿڣĿǰ飬ʱҽһһһЩÿ鵥һܣһµʱΪã¬⻰Ѿѹ滮
ȫΣȫȫ׿֣ĸ׿ִʦʵ˿
ȫ׿΢֣Դϲ죬кʵ֣ҵĽǣÿһ°ɣҽغò׹ǴŽѧġ
ضߣ˲ϰߣڵˣҲϰߡ
ͯǱȽϸ׳֣ͷɴз֣ɤҲȽۺ񣺡ҲȫεĽȽϺãҽ˼أ
ҶУҹǺʹһѧϰġܳףʼʱûڲʱ෢Լ
¬ͳȻͯκȫζûҽҲͬĻǾݶΪһ°ɡΪΣʿ䣬⵵ӣȽҽ
⣬ҽò׵ǳһˣĶڴĲҲڴĵϣܹһ
ҽһ죿
¬һܳ˼
¬ΣڵգôŵģҪѡձܿ
¬˵֮ǰǿûзյģһֵҽĵڶ죬աǵҽ֮ǰĵλ˵
ǿݶһգȻȫգͯառţת̨
Ȼһ֮š
¬滮Ȼ˼ǹȫ׿ֺͯѰһġ
ܳɳէҪʶֵԱȷףҲѷֱ𣬶һסҽ
԰ܼյĹ滮ò
Ҿѡܶɡܳ룬˵
Ҳգܶﲡˣ㹻ǰʱ䡣
⣬ܳ˵¬ΣҵĺţͰͨҽʦĺҰɣھֻǳְƣõȵ·ݿ֮󣬲ܹΪм
ţǵģǰõ˲ʿ˫֤֮󣬷ϱмְƵˡ
ΪܹǰõְƣʡҲظܳɲһܳȥ
Բѣûвȫۣ֮󣬾ܹõҽʦְơ
ҽʦרҵְơ
¬ɫһΪѣҽԺܳɸĶλרҰǵܳɵʵݣҲ͵ͷǾôŰɣҽĿǰļԶԶͨҽġ
ȥաŰ¬ûж˷ʱˡ
ڽ˽ٴΰڵ˾ۼһȾ˵λСҽشձ㶼ʶˣСҽ֣λҲİ
һܹǳҽҽԺ飬ǵһϣҶŬ㣬ӰѾʵʵѧϰ£ȡܹҽһջ񡣡
Ȼٸһһܡ
ķ飬ɳаҽԺǴͬСġ
ҽҽԺߵְƣȰҽԺöࡣ
¬ҽʦ棬һҽʦΣʣһࡣ
ţΪʡֱλɳаҽԺҪٺܶࡣ
ҽʦηֱй躣ǸְģҲ˶ʿоѧ
סҽס꼶һ죬ܳɴкʦҽһʢ
Ϊƿڣ˵ľͱȽϺˡ
躶ˣǿܳɵĿ⼰ɫӣһͬ䲻ͬĸо
ܳɵͷ¬ΡΣб磬躸磬ԺǿԽܳɣҲԽСܡ
է߶в֮ϣա
Ȼ¬Ҳ˵ˣҪ飬ҲĹ滮ǿҪ˵΢ġ
¬͵ȻĻǾȲ鷿ɣҽǴҽԺģҪָһЩ˰ڵҽԺĲ鷿ܾеССֵ˼ˡ
¬ȥ޹Ĳ鷿һˣ֪ʶḻ˶ʿʿһѣ˲ţоḻĽԲèСèֻܱȵġ
һ·鷿ܳɲδѣΪһԹߡ
¬Ǻظһ˾ͽܣǿҽɱҽСҽħʮֳרҡ
ǿöһ¹Сппλڹ̶Сҽһ֮ƳģǰħԺǵεָʦ
⻰һӾͰѵһ˻סˣϽ̧ͷʣ΢𣿻ѹ󲻹󰡣
¬򲻸ҽӣͿܳɡ
ܳϸƬǾ͵˵ͷǿԵģ÷棬ĹܴҽɣȴͳĹһЩҲޡ
ܳĹܴҽ֪£ܴܶҽģҲǲȱٵһ
ȻΪܴҽҽʦæ˵壬죬Ȼһǰ̸ʱⰡȲ鷿
΢ĹĿǰʡΨҽԺЦǺ˵
ϴѧҽԺ˺ʡ
ʱû˵Ŷʮֶе˵
ܳüͷ塣
Ҳû˵ʲôʡϴѧҽԺΪԱȣܹʾƣõһƬҲû취顣
ллҽлл¬ΣҲллҽæ˵
Ҳûȫš
ֻǣܳɵ˲˵ڶλö˹΢󣬱ЦʣGСҽгɼ𣿡
ܳɻͷЦЦŮˡ
ûɼҰû£ҽҸ˵ǳкܺõģ˾ӣԿһ£ǳеĹŶЦŵ
Ȼֹ
ܳЦЦûٽӻ㲡⻰ûòҲûƽϡ
ΪȽʵкӣԼȻȻػõһЩȽϺõԴӦ飬ûĻֻ֤ʱ㡣

һ·鷿¬ˡ
Ȼ԰ܳΰ칫ҵİ칫λϣ棬е˵ӣ˵ĵԺ͵˵
ܿգһ׵Ĳߣ棬˺ӡ
Сҽ֮ǰ֪̣Ծ㱸˵񣬲ģ죬ҾͰⶫߣϲҶ¬æͣҲܳɣ֪ǲǱԼĳ⡣
ܳɲ̣Ⱦƣȴþơ
Ȳ裬¬ܹ뵽Ʒˡ
ܳɾ˵¬Σ鷳Ҿͺˮˡ
¬ЦЦˮˮȲҲҪеԼİõģҽͲҪƴˡ
⣬ҽڵĹʱ5555ʼ8888
£ĿǰȨ޶ƥģԲǿв¼пҵĻȨޣӵгҩƷصʹȨޡ
ȻĹʱ趨˺дǣճҽԺļЧְӦġ
ܳԣƤһ˵¬ΣⲻϹذɣ
¬ҡͷҽѾʹǳеίԱᣬڵϵͳΪרָһЧϵ1.0࣬һ⡣
ҽĪҪƴˣĿǰڳеһҽԺϴѧҽԺһλڣõļЧϵ1.8Ǹְƣҽ
ԣǾӵѣΪ飬Ҳ֪ǮǲãҲõġ
¬⻰˵ʮֱӡ
ܳʡίԱеĵҲħԻίԱᣬǴĵ
ھԭйʾΪܳɲĶ볣˲һ㣬ԣĵѾʡˡ
仰ʲôܳɲòοǣţ棡
ңͨǰݷðĸףϵʱܳɻ˽⵽֮ԻܳɰؼУؼҽԺҲʡἶҽԺǾ˾ĵĿǺͲ߻ġ
˵ؾôһ
¬ΣҪҲ໥ѧϰܳɾͶ¬˵
ҽˣʵǶǹǿƴƵˣҶ֪Ŀǰ΢ȻǴҽʵǸָһ·¬ǳϵص
΢Ĺʽ˵ܴһ֣ЧãͻЧӦĽʲô
ܱ֮ǰҪߵöĶࡣ
ΪˣôȻͬܳɵһбǿƣ棬ҽԺƽʣҲӣ⻹ǳڵЧӦ
˷ˣ󲿷˶ϲġ
ܳ¬˵˼һ¬Σҽ쿴ûһĲˣȫǹ۲ǵطĲṹ̫ϰɣ
϶¬ŵģôţܲãʵҲʵ
¬ɫһ˵СҽȷۼĹ۲Щ࣬඼ĽϾĿǰĹ΢Ϻܻ𡣡
Ҳ֪֮˽֮Ҳþܾ˰ȻҲûвӦĵ
ҪѧѧϰԴ¬ŰôһеĹ۲ˣֵһ飬ܳ顣
ܳɾе㵰ۣ¬Σ㵽ôǵġ
ƣֲֹǹ£ȫֻ棬ȵʮ΢Ѿ㷺Ƽ
ԽЧӦĿ꼫Ϊǳġ
ܳҪ飬ؼҽԺʵԵ⣬ҪһԼĶģ͵¬Σа֮ģǳ֮£ҽģǲҪ没öۡ
ԺǻǾḻǵĲɡСппλڹ̶˵Ѳѣ˵Ҳ򵥣ô¡
¬һ㶣룬Ҳ͵˵ͷҽİţ죬ż̨ȽϺʰ
Ĺһһల̨¬ܳɽԼĵס
ܳɳƬ̣ǾͰ̨ɣ¬Ρ
⣬¬ΣҲ֪ҽԺǰһЩ򵥵ĹƷʽѡϣΰǣǵڴ˶ԣҼƽţһЩ۲ˣǲġ
¬ΣôܳҲµˣֱ˵صͷһ
¬ԼѲת飬˵飬ҾͲ˵ˣǣЩۣǸò⣬ģҵģ⣬Ҫ塣
ȷǰƲ̫ã£ǰһʱ䣬ܶҽߵнʣܵصӰ죬ֹ̫ۡ
Ҫ̨ͨ룬뷨ܳͬġ
ǣܳɻҪ¬ҪΣǸ˭ֵġ
ȷһЩۣͨҽԣܳɶԣܳǾÿַͨλġ
򵥡ݡЧ
Ҫ֪¬ĵߣܳɺһĹ滮¬ֻǮĻôһᣬ¡
¬뷨ģôҲ࿪չһЩ˼·
ΪȨǴҪиӡ
¬ɫ˸һܳҪǶܳйϸ˽ģҧ˵ҽź͹滮ڽʱͽˡ
Сҽĸ飬ľȨҪĿǰĴεġҲʳԡ
¬ĸݣƤеϸɲķ緶Ҳó鲻١
ܳԣ˵лл¬ε̧뿴ء
֮ʣʵǻ¼ǵġ
ϸĶǰһЩߣҴŽҩռȡռȣߴҽƷϵռȣô϶̵ġ
֮ǰоǰҽҽԺļЧߣԷ֣ĿǰڲòЧõٷ֮ʮ壬Ȼݿ֮䲻ͬȣаٷ֮嵽ٷ֮ʮĸ
ûɣ
¬ͷ˵ǰΪǰ£ܴԿڶڴڡ
ֱӹҹϸõļЧһˡ
ΣһˣߵļЧϵʸ߲ߣֲߣҪҪסԺҽʦ׶õǮǵļЧϵ1.0ģǧ࣡
ǴҺڵĹؼ׶Ρ
ܳɾ͵ȷǴӦڣӦڵ䣬çײӲһַʽǣ¬ΣҪעôһ㣬Ǿǵģʽ
ǰղָѵģҽףǸǵһȽϴĸ˰
һĲռȣɲֻ̨ϣ̨£ǹǿܹĲȴҪԶҪӶġ
۵ַλ˲λǣλ֣պϸλʽҲڴĲ
⣬ǴƵǰĲ֣ҲһЩǲڵڵģǾǱȽصĴ˻ߣЩǲܹʧİ
崴ȵȣûʲôʵϣ໼ߵĲռȣģͼû
ҸҶĿǰ˽⣬ܹ뵽ӦԷǡ
ȰѼ򵥹۵ַλãȻ¬ͻ֣ᷢٽһȥοӹ۵΢ʱ°빦
⣬¬Σ˵жֲֲָ֫Ļߣøδã
ܳɵ˵¬˼·뷨
ǣڴ֮ǰҶϰһ׵˼·;ãƾǿƾǷŸְ壬ȻøְķãĽ
ʵϣĴԷκα仯ȥ̫Ӱġ
¬˼Ȼҽ˼·Ҵʲô˼ˣֻǣĻôಡԴأ
׼廯ϸƣǵĲԴǲҪԼȥҲԴʱ򣬱Ƿչõʱˡ
֪ĿǰеĹǿƣҽҽԺ볣еһҽԺʵ൱ңеһҽԺƵΣϴѧҽԺĲʿˣҽҽԺĿǰѷ·硣
ңеһҽԺΪϴѧҽѧԺĸؼҽԺ
ǣ֪һȽϺõĵǡĿǰе120ϵͳȰѼﲡˣģôЩﻼߣһȽϺõĲԴ
ǲûвԴ顣

¬ܳɵķ΢΢ſ죬ʵû뵽ܳŶù򣬾Ȼ·룿
ܳɣǸģ
ܳɼ˵ǰҽߣڴĲ顢ռҩǰٷ֮ʮٷ֮ٱ׵ġ
˵ĻСˣһ̶ϣܲǧԪͿƱȽϸӵĹۣ١
ԸҲǿһЩҽƷõĺͨڵľԸƽˮƽܹ
ܳ˼ôһ£ôΪʲô˲ؼҽԺأܳɾá
ʦ͹Ԫƽʦûаһǳҽ
λʦȫǹʿ
Ժʿڸ߲ľϣнȨģǿ۽ߡ
ҽҽ
ҽҽˡ
ҽҽ
һ仰̶ʮ֣ںȴʮܼ򵥳صģǧҲδ˭ܹسס
˵츣һҽҲá
ҽ
ҽѧҽѧһѧƣִҽѧҲգͳҽѧҲգȻҪѧƣ͵ϵͳ
أλʦԼɣ


һ ˵ļܰ
ҽ˼ǣҪҵģʽǣһ̶ȵѹɱ׬ȡȫ֮Ĳۣ¬ΪΣҲͦС
ֻ˵棬ɲ˵ڻŶӽЩҪء
ڲǰ͸ˡ
¬֪ܳɵ֮ԻᵽĿΪҽԴ³𲽵صڵؼҽԺؼҽԺҽƼˮƽ
һ棬ǰؼҽԺһ̶ϵĺôġ
ܳ룬˵ͷȴҡҡͷ¬Σ˼·ûԼɱ׬ȡ仰õò̫׵
ָѵ£֮ԻἯɣʵ˱ȽϴĿռ䣬ȥϸƵķǰռó
ܳ˵ЩȻһ󣬲Ż͹۶ԣܹﵽķֵʵ޶ȵģǹ۵΢̶ʵҲֻܹСԴڴˡ
ʵԵشٽ۵Դﵽ̶ĳ̶ȣҪϣ£ܹﵽЧġ
΢ڹ̶еͨĴͳڹ̶еҪĿģֻǹ̶ѡһֽǶȶԣʯ̶һƷ
ǹ̶⡣
̶ֻǹԭеһڡ㲻棬ܳɵ㵽¬򵽵׶١
֮ܳԻ˵ôЩǻڵļܵȼܸߣҼܺȫڼȫ棬ȼ֮󣬶һ̶ȣĹؼ
̶λһֱǹ۵
Ϊλ뾡취ȥƹ۵ַλΪ󲿷ֵĹ۸λʵַλı֡
пλǱպϸλַλǹؼǻɷ֣λúòãǳӰ쵽ƵԤء
ģʽ֮£ڹ̶еѡ񣬵ˡ
ܹϵպصĻôһͨԾĹؼķ֮һ
šͨǼܵ־硣
Ϥ̣ؽпչ̷ǳϤӣͨ뾭飬ӿĽȣõ
ҪͨĻô΢ϸ֮Ҫõһĵ
ļܵȼ򵥵ģҪǵԭȥĦƷƾ¶Ҫȥ̽Ѱ巽ȼܵĳ̶ȡ
¬˻΢һɫһ粻
һ¬̽ʣλ˵Ϊ˸ù̶еһ֣Ϊ˸̶
ѵҽ˼ǣǿԴӿϣ΢һ㹤򣿡
ҪȥĥҲһٴ˰ǵؼҽԺĿǰϵͳԵٴĵλȴǲġ
¬˵е죬⣬ٴͻԿ⡣
˵ؼеҽԺȻڼΪѧҽԺʵչĿⲢͬе񣬾ʡмҽԺؼҽԺһŦȻ˳еڲ˵ҽƱ
ܳ̾һ¬⻰Ե֮ǰôණЩ˵ˡ
ҪڣЩ˵ҰǵôٴǼʶӸַλС
ܳɻͺ͹Ħһ´ͳҽѧַλģĿǰĻڴܳ΢Щʧˡ
ܳɼ¬һ󣬴̽һд߸˵˳ܳɾͲ˵¬ΣʱڴĲʮλȴЩ˰ɡ
УȽҪ357ùܴҽ벡˼̸һ±ƣƵ顣
ҽҽԺĴƵڱലλ45ţδƽֵģ⻹ʮŵļӴ
ħԺͬǣҽҽԺӴĴڣɳаҽԺͬǣҽҽԺĲԣ˲ԴȽ϶ࡣ
¬ɫ˸һ󣬵ǿǵܳǴħģĿǰȻİϣ˼ά㣣ָֻţʱҲ
öϺܳһȷʽʼʱǾŵ¬˵ҽǾˣţʱΪ˰ɡ
ҽȥϢһ֪ҽħɳУٵǳУе۳Ͷ١
գܳ¬Ҳû̸ܳһԷӭˡ

ܳ뿪˿ﲻãЦش˽š
Ȼ󷢸¬һַ̣׳һơ
¬ɫ˸һ󣬻Ǿܾƣ治ˣǰһȥԻԵȫҪˡʹøա
ԼһţΣҽһˣ
ϽʳԼĺ⡣
¬ҡҡͷ˵ʵ϶еģ˵֮ˡ
жԼװַĵѹǼװģϼڣڽѧȻȻγɵ
¬˵꣬ȼ̣һڣ³̬Ȳ㽩ӲҲûߵҲûƺͻһס˵Լ¡
˿ҲǱȽʵģ
ǿܳɵɳеһţӦҲǸ̤ʵصˣӾϲҲδء
ܹɳаҽԺʱ򣬾ܹԼ˵ϴѧҽԺĶΪﻮIIIȨӦԱȽϺõġҪģǽѧˡ
¬򻺻ؽܳɵĵһӡ
ʱһ¬ΪƵΣӴ˲٣ϵҲǳʶ˵Ϊ׼ȷܳ˸߿δ뵽ġ
ʢ֮ʵѸܹܳħһԲ˵ҲڣŰ壬аȥ
ԼĵߣԼĵʱ׳ȾƲܺˣǲܺˣܺȵʱ߲ܣһֻ򣬲־þʣȻԻˡ
ôҸӺҽܹǿҺ֮ˡЦ˵ţȻָ¬һˮ
һ㣬û̫ף˵ܳΪҪǿֹҪַλ
ҲǲʿѧԼλãһܳɵ¬㲻һ¡
۵ַλܻǸõģҶãⲻʲôĪļܣܳȴӣѡȥ΢Ĺڹ̶
¬벻׵ġ
ʵǿĵһʿѧоҵںϴѧܹԺģڲ֮£ҽԺĴļ۸񣬲Ű˹
츳ԶĺõģĿǰʮѾߵݣ˶ʿоĿҲ֯
ʵ뷨ˣǻһЩȽڲͬĶǱˣһܹ²һ
ܳɵĻҿѾ£øЩЩʲô
ʵ˵¬ΣӦ֪ڻ˽û΢һ㣬ٴĻǺһҽԺҵĵʦ
󻷾йأԴϸʮϳ˺ܶҳ˱Ƚϴ¹ʺ󣬿ٴİѿضȣԽϸˡ
ٴֱ벡˽棬ҪֱӿչٴĻרҵίԱỹѧᣬǻʡĳﱸۺϿģʲǲͬġ
ҲЩʲô
¬Ĭһ̾һǰҪٴϣʽֱӶǵþ
ܳɿʼٴȥħ֮ħԺħȻ㹻ڵɳаҽԺҪٴ⣬ǾͼɻĪˡ

ܳ뿪˿֮Ҫ顣
һ飬ǿʼ˹Ѫģ⡣
ǻô㿼ǵġ
һǳҽҽԺѪƵʵȰҽԺö٣ҲɳУһ˼ﲡˣûɳôѪƵҽʱ
Ҫѹؼ˵͵˵ʵˣʱ򣬾ͲܹȫһЩؼأڻ֮ϡ
ڶҽҽԺ120ĵȼﲡȨ¬ܣǰڳеһҽԺġ
ǳеһҽԺʱΪߵԼĲԴʵ̫࣬ˡԲűʵͬҽҽԺ¡
һĲʵǼģﲡ˵ĺܶϣԤ⣬죬˱Ҫոļܲźá
ѪǿƵļиںϣѪܵΣڹǿڵĳȣطܶҪӳġ
شصķΧϽ֫Ѫܵ⣬ѪƱȽҪɲ֡ǵԣߣԽ֫дãԼ˺·
ȻΪƼƵļܣҲҪģģרߣͼ֮
ȽϺõľǣܳɵǰʵдĹǿܣң߮ѪƵĶţڡ
ܳɼһģ⣬һܣڶΣһ¶
ô׵ؾܹģɹܳɶԼǰʣ߮磬ٴһȽʶ
ţ߮ѪƵ裬úúõȥĥһĥúõѹեһ߮Ǳ
ţ֤ͨ˼άٽеεģУܳǴ߮õһѧʶ
ġ
ģ⿪ʼ
ģĿ꣬ǹ߮磬֮߮ǰԼļܰԼ
˵ǹ߮硣
ĿǰѾ㹻ļ̣ܵرڹǿƷ档ˣӵźܴѡȨرһЩ⹱ףδֵܱĹףеĿѡԣǳ󡣡
ֹ̻ܳܣټǰ̻ģʼģЯܣ˸ܣ㹻ܳ˼ϽܹܺõĹһˡ
ˣĳЩҪĵڶ죬һλС飬ͱٻߡС飬ΪЩƣǵһЩأһ㵱ǰĳ
С飬ǿҵѧϰ󡣡
ִ֮Ѫƣ˵ǰڵְλȻ±ѪƵ˶ʿоͷ
㱨ĵգλʦԴڹȵ֪ãСȥˣúõдһʱ䡣ٴοʱήҡ
ʱƣԼ΢ᣬҪѧϰĳЩܣֻȫ˼άĹ䣬Ӳ
ڲһ˰Լǹ¼ҹˣԼӵŹǿ򼶱ߣӰλ֮һ
ʱԼͻȻת˼ȥѪơڵֶڲ̶˵ѹܳȻȻõ߮ʲôѹ
С˵ԳƣԼᶨϲѪƣǿֻеһݡ
㸺㶨ĵʦԴǾ
ǣĵʦͨԼһλʡݵѪƵĴá㿪ʼѪƵѧϰ
ǣѧϰһʱΪԼĹӣĽչ󣬰ѧϰĿ꣬Ͷ뵽С£
С飬ƸΪ˶ʿоʦ
֮ĳλʦͻȻãٴҵС飬ͬʱŮѵĸĸȥˣҲ̸
ȻС飬Ůѵλֳٻһ󡣡

ܳûסЦ
ðɣܳɴһʼֻ뵽Լĵʦ߮ɺܴѹļ磬߮û뵽ġ
һʱħʽѵС飬ʼͬԸʼԱաͬģҲʼװɵԶ
С龫Ϊ쳣֮ĵʦԼڵʦţʼҵ㣬̸Ŀġ
Ŀĸⴿ⣬ѧϰĴǣСĵʦˡ
ȻС飬ٴδˮ֮С
ѧϰĽȻСһպ󣬶סѹΪ˵ԼȻȻҽҩҵ׼ȥ¥ա
ܳɿ⣬ɫһ
ðɣ֪߮粻ƣ·ѡܶ࣬߮ܵ˵ĻܳҲͲܳˡ
ǣҲЧС飬ѡ˴ְѧ׼׷浽ס
ʱС龫ʼЩʼ˳̡ơӼ
Ȼڼĳһգһλʦ֮󣬵֪״һλҺٴС顣һС˼λ͡
С飬׾ʧɱ㡢ԼĳλʦԼ㵼ʦĹͣȻѡսԼ
ңСΪ̵䡭
ģ
ģֶۣΡ
ɻһܡ
С䣺㣬ȫ㣬Ҫҵжȫ㣬ѧ㵹ѧѧǰ㰡ɵ档ӼʱѧĶΪʲôʮţ
ӼܣСѧ渽һܽѪ뼼ܰ㡣
Чȡ˼֮󣬻ȻȻرСһˣ˸һ
˻
ܳüͷһ壬ȥƵѧʶʱ򣬿ûЧ
ǣһΣǣƵģ⣬޷ظܹٴֶͬλͬջ
ˣ߮ʵо˵Ļе
СС飬ˮ֮У˭֪ʲôʹ࣬Ը⻨һеĴۣϣ˰ܹ;
ӼܣСѧʶС˵дܡüܡ޺ɱ˼ΧɱԶоչֵĵá
Ч㽫õСףøСףһܹຣˡ
ջܳɳĬ
ѧʶС˵дܣܺ⡣
ģʲôЩ
üܣҲ˽⡣
޺ɱ˼
Χоչ
ּܣ
ʱḥ̂
/СС̫ȷʽ

߮ϵͳɷ֣ôôӣ
Ȼ߮˽أԲֻ˽⣬ǣ߮統Լ˼һЩԵĲԡ
ã
ɱˡ
ʱĥ˵ֶΡ
Բĳãʲôɡ
˻
߮ˣҲδе̫
û˵ѡܳٿ˿
Ч㽫õСףøСףһܹຣˡ
ðɣʵεģУ߮ǰֿѣԼģ棬·ˣôķ
ϣܹ˰ԼຣԹˡ
ѡ˵ڶ֮󣬴ķҽѧصֶΣһӿ뵽Ժ
ܳĶܳɵɫ΢еɷ
߮磬ҪʹĻTMǸΣշӰЦֶôֵģ
ģǿļܰܳĲ֪ԭ棬ȻܹͨȥһЩ
Щӣܹд棬ͨӵʽɢͬ˾ۼһ󣬾ͻѧӦȻΧԵGG˼ܴضΧɿɱԼܡ
׷٣ô׷٣
滹һЩĲֶΣʵǺȻĪܳæȻ㻺һСʱʱ䣬Ű̬˹
ЩˣĪǡ
֮Լôģ֪ܲңŮӡĸֱϵΣա
߮ļ棬Ϊ˵뷨ǣѳ˵һߣһʱٷֱȥǵĳһ
Ȼ⻹ֻǳֶΡ
ң߮дС˵ĿģҲֻǮô򵥣ûһĻģ
ģ꣬ܳе㲻̫ģ͸߮˸绰
žžԷ߮Ӧڿ֡
ܳɾʣ߮磬ã볡ȥдС˵죬뷨в
žž˲Ȼֹ
ܳɸ磬ɶ̼ˣǰҪǮˣÿµ벻ٰ
ҪдС˵дʲôģ߮ҲûһھܾϾǰãʱˣÿְҵĴڣҪԡ
ҽİܳ˵
߮üͷٴһ壺ʱҽѾˣΪȤĻдһȽϴĶСȻҾ㻹ǵҽЩ
㲻ǿЦĻ
û˼ģȥĸؼУǾֱԺˣܳ߮Ĵ㡣
Ŀǰԣ߮״̬ȽϿԡ
Ҹ죡ƽС˵дزĻࡣѾݽ˳еһҽԺϣƵȼˡ߮žž
С˵һ£뿴ʵûɶ
Ħѧϰһ¡ܳҪӡ֤һ£߮絽ûͨС˵ʲô
˵ûйԼڶ˵һЩȻĻܳ߮ǳʲôӡ
Ͼ綼мġ
ˣȫһٿ鲻Ҳˡ߮絹Ҳܴ󷽣ӣĵķö˹
ܳȻûպģȻͷʼȨˬˣܳɶһ飬һ޳ϵǺȴе
MD߮粻ҪԼ飬ˣΰ¡
һҲûȫ꣬ͿһĺͰƵʱ䡣Ƶ׼żʲ͡
˺ܶף˼еţţܼܲ
ʱڶһˡüͷ˱죬أˡ
ҾòְͦõġܳһǸ뷹һ죬һ߿ʼԡ
һףõţŰԶ߹͡
һԷٵúܡ
ܳ㿴ҵĸ뷹⣬ӣ·
ܳɹ˵
˫ͣһ£ʱƺ׺ţŶˣǿǵԼأǼͷ
Ҫʣô˵ҲҪ
ܳɾЦЦǸԸģһҪأÿ̫ˡ
صճܳû̫ᣬǵڶ죬Ƶ࣬˵˯ʱһƵġ



 ˵ռǣ
ȥ˸Ĥһ߿飬Ȼ󿴵ܳдЩʲôͺʣ㻹йҪæ𣿡
ûСܳͣʣֻƵһ£Ȼ˵дһռǣ¼ճĶš
ҲԲд첹д
ûû£дģҿ顣֣̯飬һҳҳĤˮյε档
ܳʣд˽յļš
ģⷽ޹أΪ˼¼סš
74գеĵڶ죬ûյĺȾƳԷڿ˷˿ĲṹΪ¬εĿⰲţ첢񡣡
Ǵһ㣬Բ濴еļﲡˣ١ܹڶʱ˵ߣҽҽԺ֤˳ҽҽԺűȽ걸120ϵͳ֧֡
¬νܣе120תǸ˵ĲλԼ120泵Աľ飬еĿҷġ
ǿƶҽҽԺơԼרƣֱתȥͬҽԺ˵еһҽԺеҽԺиױԺ
˰ŵǣؼҽԺÿҽԺɫרƲͬ120ڲӦ˻֣ΪؼҽԺޣҵԱؼסÿҽԺÿרƵɫ
ĿǰǺ»ǲãϾ֮ǰڰҽԺļﲡˣǼ©;ͽҽԭħԺûⷽĹǵġ
ؼҽԺؼҽԺͬؼҽԺΪؼΨһһ߱Ķҽƻ
ܳд˼ٸֺ󣬾ͰѱʼǱˣȻ󿴵Ȼڰؿ飬һЦŵذѱʼǱϣҲȡһ鿴
һֱʮңܳɾжĤ˲˯ǰַ߲İ
ʱ䲻ˣЩϢɡ
áܿذˡ
ȻֻߣҸоƵķΧеֵֹģܰЩϰߡ
֮ǰܳɻħʱһ鷿һڿ￴飬ȻܸоߣΪЩ߳鷿ܹ
ڣƵ棬̧ͷܼҲƵʾıʾһǧ֮Զıݻͼ񻯵ĶһȻȻİС
Ҳĸо֣æƵһ£ɵģͱԼŬӿ칤Ľȣһ̶ȻܹЧʡܳɾ˵ԼĿ
ȷܳģʱ䶼Ƶ˯ǰ˳кͰеģƵǰˣҲе鶼꣬ȻúÿƵ
죬ǰĸ̥ʱļȣһڴ
ڴ˵ʲôоʱһѹȸУʱ־ãǧ֮ľϲˣҪһһµԼС
һ̶ȵʧȥӦɣȴֶһݲɲĹ޸С
ܳûйľ飬˵ˣ߮ʫƣҲ֮ǰܳҲûĸо
ħ밲һסһСʱܳɵһСȤζͨϲڷ鷿ĵƣȻץ׼ʱ˯ʱ
żԼӦСȤζȥ
˳к󣬼죬ܳҲ⿴Сϰߡ
Ľ㣬ôɡˣҲҪҾˣԺ˵֮ǰ׼ʱ飬һСʱϴϴ裬ŵӣʮ㣬㿪Ƶ顣ڴͷ˯ȹڵ˷⡣
ͬèſɰƤı
涨ôҲ̫ðɣһӰأҪԵ㡣ԼʱˣͬˣʵڲУͰĩϷֵϸЩ

ʮ룬ܳɹرƵ˵ơ
Ȼ糿Լ˵һ𴲣ܰСʱȻظϣ緹
ܳɷ֣Թɵس緹ʱ򣬰ȴѾǼææˡ
ȽϾı飬ܳɲ³ˣӼˡ
ȰٳĻѾߵˡ
ܳѾǳˣ˵㲻΢¯򼸷ӣܹųˣһҲܶԸˡ
ãȲˣе㷦ҾͲܲˡҴҼϡ
Ůʱڣӻϰʱ䡣
ܳҲǰ˿Ȼֱӵҽ칫Ҷȥŷ֣ԼĹ£ûзֹܵĴλġ
ǰסԺҽʦҪеֹܲ˵Ľɫڣܳɶû߳ϰ߶ơ
ðɣһȦ¬Ĳˣһ˽
ܳɾĹԼܴҽ˽һ
Ϊܳ˿󣬺ȾƴҲɨˣûӣ࣬ҶܳɵĸоãҲ
һЩ飬Ȼܳɾ˽⵽ڼʱҽҽԺĲԴҲ̫Щܹ֮ռ¬ζԼĹϵ˱Ƚ϶Ĺ۲ˡ
ֻôһҽԺĲԴͻһЩǻһЩˡԼȾֲ͵ʲ
ʲ˺ʲʵڼĸӳ̶ȶԵģۻǱȽϺƵĲֻ֣Ƶķʽѡ񣬸вͬ
¬ˣʱǺ棬ܳɾȻô磬Һ¼ҽĵΪȣüͷһ壬ܳɴ˸к
һ仰ֱŵùԼβٺܳɽͷӶӦܳݣǱ¬΢߰ϴϴ󣬽ڹǿƴΡ
˵ǹǿƵĴΣҲܳΪǱͷĴĺô
Ȼܳɾû̽ʲôϢˣǱ¬ȥΰ칫Ȳ裬ΰ칫Ҳڡ
Σ棬ΪۣȻͨ죬ܳҲ֪ȻҲǲʿѧѹ˲һ㡣
˵˵ţ¬޵ᵽͯΣȫΣҽһ찲̨һܴĹǿң飬ǰŸҰ̨;ƣˡ
ԽûȤ
ͯĬͯε֣ʾеʻ̣ͬ˵Ĵɽ֣֮ͺöࡣ
ߣ̨ôãͯĬĳеﶼųˡ
ôãôãԲıġ
ȫ׿˵ǵȥĦһ£һ̨Ǽֱ󰡡һ̨ƽһСʱҲþŸСʱˣת
ҽ֮ǰڵħԺתôô
ܳЦЦȫΣͯΣҲûôֲȽϼ򵥣Ի΢ȡһ£̨ưĶ࣬ҪԲģࡣ
ܳȻǫ飬ȻΪࡣ
󣬿ٵز귿һ˾Ͷµңȫ׿ֺͯĬֵҽʦͯģˣ¬ˣԵһսҪ
һ̨λ滮ѾҽѾǿʼ׼׵
ܳҲû˵ֻǾصʼȻԲ̽Ȳ
Ȼǰ׼֮ܳɾվλҶԵҵģ׼̨Ȩڷֹ˾ĳȫԱ˵ϰ壬Ͳ̨˰ɣ֣ǱȽϳԣġ
ϰ壬ʵǳзİȫԱָܼܳڣɲŪҽ˵Цˣǵܽϰǫ̂ѧϰġ
ĿǰСппλڹ̶ԴܳɣΪ˰æΪѧϰԷպչеĹԼҵˮƽнҲߡ
˵ԺܳΪʡڵָܼʱǲȥˡ
¬һЦδ⣬ˣվλ
Ϊ¬Ѧ޵µˮƽͬһΣԣܳɲûֱӿʼǰͰأǰһC۵͸ӣٴξ׼˽һʵĹߵķֲ
Ȼ͸ӽܳϸظ˷һµǰĹ۷ͣ£ΪβܱƣԼνףοչСппλڹ̶Ĳ˼Լ̡
һ̨ܳҲϣ̡֪ܿ
ԣܳ˵󣬾ϻص̨ϣԼ˵ۣȿʼַλ
λٴ뿪ң˸ҡ
C۵͸ӽһ¬ˣʱǵһԭĹۣȻǽһ𣬱𿪷Ÿλй֮޲
ܳɾ͵ĸλǹ۵ַλַ˲λ߶ԺϽϺãǻȶܴԻҪڹ̶
ظλΣ֮ǰ˽Спڸλ涨һЩԭڼԭߡ
ڡλԶеѵҪ㡭ܳûԼĿģǽѧֽѧΪ˲Ѧ޵º;ǡ
¬˵ľḻ۴ʼĻûǸΣԱҪǳС
һؽܳɼ䵽ʮӵʱ뵽βͬʱֶڵѲػʿ˵Ѳʦ鷳ѵڶ̨̨ĲˣңȽӵ̨
ѲػʿһܳͬʱҪ̨ûף¬ȴ⣺ҽǹǿĿǰĴԱƤΣҲҪҽģ˶һ°ɡ
Ҷϣͬҵø
ѲػʿŽŽȥˡ
¼ҽɷϣʯ̶ת˹Ȳܳɲ˵¬ΣǸո̨Ĺ̺ܼ򵥣ʱҲҪΪǰ͹滮˸λ
ڰѸλú󣬿Խʡʱ䣬¬αҸĵá
ȫ׿ȿڸпˣ۵ѵڸλѵĹۣλ߰СʱģҲҽһӾͰѵˡ
ǴͳпλҲ̨ʱ䳤
¬ΣҾãҽַλĺãԴЧʣһܹ
ڵؼҽԺڿûôӣΪûôƹ㣬ˣľͳĻ⡣
ܳ似ļܣۼвĵ
ؼҽԺҪеѧȻ̫ĿСѧѹԣֻҪ̶ȵذԼļþͿˡ
ѧҽԺĶλֲ̫һȥҪеճ񣬸ʡڻ߹˲ţҲһȽҪ񣬸ǺһѧҽԺۺʵӲָꡣ
ܳͨ¬˵ɫ֪ˣǶǳȤ
Ȼ뵽һЩ㵱ô˵Ǿ߽˸ҡ
ֿܳڵ¬Σַλշѷ棬ڴĲշѣǲںĲĵڵģǿԵǱպϸλʯ̶ڿġ
ˣǿһʴˡַ֪λߵշѣһǧһλһǧĻһ۵һʲƵˡ
⣬ַλúãźԺ󲻹Ӧ͵ĹۣиĵˡȥӴӹ۵ʱҲܹǵĹЧʡ
ܳɵ㵽ֹδ˵ƣ¬˶֪ˣô¡
̸룬̸Ǯǳ
Ҷ已̥͵ҪҺڣǮ룬ǱȽϹؼĲ֣ûǮĹϲĻϵ룬ȫTMǳ
۵ıƣ֮ԻᱻڸΪմС
ңշѵַλһҲȥǮΪ³ʲô⣬һ㶼ڲܾλʱ򣬲Żȥò΢ðַλƣշѱ׼档
¬Ȼδӻɫ˿Ҳһ
ܳ˵һϱȽеĻܣַλʱûʲôֻ˵֪ôַλ֪ʶͼܣֵǮ
ֹ۵ַλǹǿƵԱû˸ҶǼֵ˵Ҫп͹۰ĶڲϣǼֵ֣
ңֲλշȻ󣬵ܹﲡ˻еˣҲȽϿԵġǵĲ£ǿҵķչǷǳɹ۵ģ
ҲҽԺĴλˣ϶һЩﲡˣû취סַλˣͿԱһЩ򵥵Ĺѹ
ܳɼһһ̨ˣƳҡ
Ѳػʿǰѵ̨ˣӽңȻ󣬽ĵڶ̨ˣҲڽӽ·ϡ
ҽȥͲˣˣӽҪô㿩ЩõģΪֹûףܳɰһ̨˽ӽҪʲô
ܳɵԣʹӸ˳ȻߵĻ֫֫ڳǵ˫ۣ۵ķԱȽϼ򵥣ڿַλ֡
ܳɾ˵ˣѲʦ鷳ҿһעоֲҩһٺˮ׼һ߷ʯ࣬һ
ܳ˵֮꣬ǰĻ⣺¬ΣͯΡ֮ǰǽ˹ַλҪԣôоǣӦԼӦõĲ档
ͱ磬һ̨ۣԱȽϼ򵥣ô£ǾͿתʱ򣬴һַλ
Ⲣ˷Ѻܶʱ䣬ڼʱҲò£ߵʹ࣡
õʽʵǱ۴ͣûҴԼһ³񾭵ľֲܳ͡һ
¬˵ͷƤ
磬񾭣ԱȽǿΧѪμǻɲ۴񾭸ͷҸôͣҪ
ڷڼ䣬ܳɾѾˣ˰һܳ򰲸ʼʹһ㣬ϾͲʹ˰
Ȼ˾Ϳܳɾǿһģֱ룬߻˱ע䣬ȻһȺ󣬾ƫ˷бн룬Ҳ֪ȥ
ȻܳߵĹ۲λʹ𣿡
ʹˡ̧ͷؿ˿ܳɣȻ˵ֿʼе㷢ˣеľû֪ˡ
֪ܳǾֲҩ￪ʼЧˣûѡ֧ͣѡȫ͡
Ȼ󿴵¬Ƥ˵ʵҲԣҲʹߣҽİæ£ѡ۴ͣԼٸλ˵ʹԸϽйܶ
עƳܳҲûȥǩֹѪֱӶԱƬƽƬͿʼ˸λ
û˸о֣ʧȥ˼˺޸оͷܳһҡΣ·ţ¬˱Ź۵ľ֡
˲ʹֻǺҽһ㶼ʹˡ
Ȼ֪ܳʲôǶ¬һٽѧҾʹ£Լ֮ǰڵĹʹķ
ĹԼֱ֣õķʽһҽԼ˸˰
ֵֻܳһ
ʱǿԶ͸ӼΣ۲ߵĸλܳ˵ҪȥCۻ
ͯĬۼֿ죬ϿʼеC۵Ŀ
ҽûѲػʿܳɵһ˸ҡ
˹ߺ¬˶ϰ𾪣ԣĿǰ۵ĸλû̫ĸо
ܳɿ˿Ͳ˵ţͶˣٽʯ̶ٽСӵ׳ָٶȿ죬ƺܹܿ
ʱٴʯ̨࣬ƣˡ
պϸλҲһ֣ȻǰûбӣѾǱ뵽Уշѵġ
ʱٴʯʱҪעһЩҪ㡭ܳ޾ϸȻǸ¬˵ʯ̶Ĳɺ
ͲŵѲʦ鷳ͻزɡ
ֵܣĹۣѾλˣûпֻǴ˸ʯิλסԺ۲죬ͿԻȥˡ
⣬ȥ֮󣬴ĸСʱʹٴγ֣ҪżֻҪ㲻ҶʹͲܼңǻϾֹʹҩúϢҲͲôʹˡ
ԵõĲһʱ󣬾ˡܳɶԲ˽
ллллҽ˰ҽҽллҽпȥ󱣽ڱƳҵʱһﾪˡʾڳʵеĽλ
Ѳػʿ⻰ҲǱЦˣͷܳһۣеľĪ
Ȼ֪ôܴܲﵽЧĿǰܳɵʵǵ˺ܸߺܸߵĲˡ

ҽ͹ܴҽѲ˴Ӳͻأ˵һֽ̨ˣ̨ȫȻؿܳɡ
ܳѾǿʼϢˣ֮ǰôãҲЩڸȥ΢Ϣһһˮ
Ȼߵǰ׼֮ܳɾٴ̨
һΣܳɵٶȸ죬¬˵¬Σ̨Ҿֻǿ΢̣ܹжٸǽϸԵ
ܳ˵ţʼַλ
Cۣ͸ӣеʦ׼ü⵶þʱŵʮ룬ܳ˷Ը
Ȼ󿴵˹ߵܳɲδ˰C۳ǰCƽƵ˻ߵزλãȻٵпƤȻ󿪿ףڹ̶е
ӺúٴC͸ӡ
εʱ䣬ŽеķӶʮ룡
ѲغϴֻʿеܳɵĽ࣬ѲزϵڿŸеϴֻʿ˶Щæҡ
͸ӵ˹ڹ̶еӺܳ˶Ҫȥɡަ̶λٴҡ
Ȼ
̶ץλñȽϷɢ֡
һһţ̨Ȼǽ
ܳȻ˵¬Σȳһ°ѾӣӹǴȡȻ̨ͿԸһˡ
ӣֻҪλúãؿѪ˺˵⣬Ƿǳ򻯵Ĳˡ
¬˾͵˵ͷȻͯĬȫ׿ˣ̨ȥβжˡ
ܳɾͶѲػʿ˵Ѳʦ鷳Ҵ绰ѵ̨ĲˣҰɣһַλ
ܳҼʱ£ƽŵ׸ȥѧ¬ˣҪϵͳһ㣬òѻǵ֪ʶ
ΪûоǽںѦ޵½ڵô֪ʶ͵ͷʼǿȻ룬󵥶ʵʩϵᵽСɡ
ȡڰڣһΣܹ
Ȼ𽥵ؼٹۼȥĿĺͶ󣬷ϣ
̨ϣͯĬ棺֮ǰ˭˵ܹʮ꣬ǽڣҲçȥţˣ죬˼ʶˡ
¬ͯĬһۣ۽磬Ҳʮޡ
ҽܹ֮ôַλüãɣպϸλһ飬ٶҪһСʱʱ䡣
ɵˡ
ʣ¬ΣǸո˵ɶҵˣǿĪƭŶ
ʺʱҲҪúöడǲ̫ӣǲԸϸŶɱأ
ʮӲŲŵ
ڳ˿Ǿǹǰһأɴⲻá
ͷİɣҽԼٶҲˣҲˣԼȥܰɡ
㻻ҩ㲻ʹʱ֪òˡ
⣬ͨõҽһ˰ˡ¬Ͻο
ã֮ǰɶ
Ҽ
үļŶʺʱ仹̡
¬Ҳǵģǰһ̸ŵҲӡ
ַյģ϶û˯ã֪ô򵥣Ҿͺú˯ˡ˳һ
ķΧ˲ˣҽЩá
ҪεĿҽȷһ㣬ҪħܹҽҲǸڼ
ֱ̨ܺԼ˰ɣ
ȻͼͰؿʼæ˺ü꣬ޱȣҲ߶ࡣ

磬׼ȷʱʮʮʮ롣
ǿƵȫ⻹ת˴󲿷ֵʱ䡣
Ȼ¬˾æкܳ˵ҽʵˣǼҲûܰæǰƷѸһȥԷҽȥϢϢһɡ
ܳҲų̨̂λ΢ҲеƣģȻʱ䲻ǸλĶֺȰ治ô
ۣҲޣ
߲ᣬ߲ѡ
Ȼ¬ͯĬȫ׿ּˣȥҵİ칫ңʼշѵȲʵѲػʿҲǽ죬ܳɰѲػʿڲˣûüշЩֻǲա
ĺĲģᡣ
Ȼʼշѣ
ģַλ7ʯ̶7
˲λڹ̶4
Сппλڹ̶4
ܹĲãͲʲôĲĵȷã򣫣
Ǵ롣
סԺõȣ
꣬¬ˣĬ
Ǵ·ߵĶڵôͯĬҰҰ졣
¬һһЩɵѾֻҪʱ䣬֪Ľڣжˡ
ǣǮлãҲҪʵòУ
ðɣĵȼȷǳǵ
¬û˵һ仰ǣڹ⣬ĶƴţǲĿɹۣһ̨ؽû߰
ʲô
ӽʮڹڣһ̨ؽûǰҲ߰ӣҪǰչı׼ԱڣǲŽƲ
ȫҲҽûҽˣҲȫԼӲġ
ǲô죬ܳɵĵȷǸһΣļ·ߣܹǮģһҪ֮ǰöࡣ
Ϊ̨۲˵ķãǵָѵģҲǰɡ
ܳеƷʽܹظĻ
һ䲻̫õĴʾ˵ɱǳɿأǳɹۣҲ˸࣬ҽֱӶף
ҶԸ⣬Ӯ
ãһ¾ܹмʮôˮܻߴǧ򡭡
ϣܳɱǳдˡ
ֻ࣬¬ͯĬԼȫ׿ּ
ûȾƣܳɾܾ˺ȾƵ󣬴ҾֻԷգ
¬ʳΪĵ⣺ҽַλȷǱȽϾƷʽֻѧ𣿡
ѧϰȽѵĻô΢ĹǱȽѿչİ
ܳϸ˼һ£˵ѧѾܻǵҵġһЩ򵥵Ĺ۲ˣλοԳһ¡
Ҫţȥ󵨵سԵġ
¬ͷһ󣬾˵õģҽллܵ


 ܳɵĽλ
׻棬治汾¡
ܳʵֳһֹ򣬿ɱȴи˾Īַλܹ˵زѾǼ
¬ΪؼҽԺΣΪѧƣȱݣڿһˣܹ֮ڵĵزĿɲǿС£ֵµĹ
ٳӲӲؿ£˭´˭ܹߵڵؼҽԺߣ඼ȥš
ûνĸ˭顣
һ¬֣صͷ˵ҽԺ϶¶ԴַλŻġ
۵ַλΪƷʽ֮һΪǿƵְƻ߸ְƣûԣ
϶еģǴ඼Բͨڰãѿڱǿ˵ơ
ʵԽڣԽܹᵽҪԣԽʵǰߵþԽȣȱݣǵμҪչʱԽԵӦ֣һƮĸо
ʱ޷̤ʵأֺ£ֻᵽ
ŵĸоҲͨȥһȻεĲ˿úֻܶ࣬ʸӹһЩ
ܳɾ͵¬Σַλ˵ֻƷʽ֮һֻҪע⵽һ㣬ʱã˵ҪرС
վףҲֻй۵Ĳˣҿǹǿƣơ񾭡Ѫܵȷ棬ҲһĻģಡӦҲ١
ˣҾǺҪǵĴƣȫ滯󣬲
ܳ޷¬˵ΣҪȥרѧַλǵʤ䶼ȲϵĻôǰǴ;
ʺϿУʺϿʺسɣǼȶ顣
ͨΰ۽չȫ緶ΧεӰ֮أܳɵ۽ͿĽǶȣһЩ
ǰܳɿܾãкöҪȥѧ
ʵȻ߮ԣǸʵʵĴȥسɵĻǾǱöϾȥں߮飬ǺøԶ
ֲַ㶨λڽѧҽԺؼеͨҽԺĶλͬһǧ
ΪνѧҽԺҪעؿСѧ
һ⣬ѧҽԺѧˣôУ˭ȥأѧҽԺе˽ѧôѧ˭ȥأ
λһ
ЩǳڴڰҽԺ϶ǹ۲첻ġ
ܳ˵꣬¬Աߵ˼һʣҽðһ䰡ҽ˼ǣǲҪϼҽԺǰѿڲڷֹȷ
Ѵˡ΢ˡƣ
ĵλǺҽԺʵҲǼǿģǿƵķֿƣΪϸѾǷ˳ƣҽҽԺҪӷֹȷ
Խϸ£ԽרƣôӦĴԽǾͨ
˵òȴܳҪľȷ˼̫רƣ϶ĿǰҽԺǲʵģֻҪȥ£
ɳеһЩҽԺ֮ԿԾ׼ԵĻ֣ΪǵĲԴȫʡأǳУܹɵĲֻܱߣ˻ͬλͲôر׼
ʱ⵹ǽˣȴԵЩӷˣȻЩҪҪ¬λȫε˵˼ˡ
ֻܳһʱ䣬ǿڵԱ˲ָֻšԣ׸Ƿçž͸ɣߺ󣬰ѱ˵ķˣûԱ
͵ˡ
ңܳĿǰûĲԴԼַǰǲ̫ö˵ʲôġ
һлҪʵ˵
˵ǳһĶǣҪ׼Ϊ˷׼ġ֪ܳǱһЩ֣ڶûУȥͨˣչȥأ
ҽƷֲͨʵƷԿģҪףҪȷġ
Թ¬ٴذܳͻᣬ¬ܳ³ʱʣҽλᣬʵǿղȽϺõˣȷΪª
Ͳ֪ҽǷϰߣҲŬܱߵС񷿣кʵģһҽ㰲Źȥ
ס޵ĵص㣬ҽԺŵģû취ǣΪܳṩõĿ͹סȴǿ취ġ
ܳҡͷ¬ΣͦˣķҪõö࣬ҵȫ鷿ȻС˵㣬ס
¬ο϶ˣٶ鷳ˣͦõġ
ЦֲܳǴܵģܹҵһһ鷿ķӣװȻǾ˵㣬¥ݷʤɾСҲʺѧϰ
ҽסûͺãҽ㲻̫ϰߡ¬ͻһ
ʵܳĿǰĲΰûеһĸ߶ȣЩڵľӼǲģǣܳɻûһȥ
ɼݣܳвĿ
ص˷ܳԼʱط֣ȻǶһδʼҲʲôѧ壬ҲͶµĻ֮ģڸˡ
񣬻ôʽ췽ʽ˽µģɲࡣ
㿪һ
ܳüͷһ壬⡣
ˣԳеһҽԺƵΣţ
棬ŵ˼ǣҲϴѧҽԺѧܳɵʦ֣Ҳʦһܳɵ˳УʱʵĻԸ⾡һ֮ꡣ
˳㣬ٸܳʶһһˡ
ڡ
ţڣܳɵˣԼֽܳģµˣ԰˰ҽԺһĽ
ܳϸһ£ûѡţǲͨ˺ϵʽ
ܿ죬ͽͨˡ
ܳԱţʦãܳɣտţСҿǲˣû뵽ǰݷ
ΪԷ죬ܳΪԳΪСܣҲһ⡣
棬̴һˬʵGܳɰҲǰΡδԸģҪ֪ôˣҶǰ˰
㼸꣬ʦֻϸ綼ԣʦҿɲӦҪǴȥҵʦҪ˵ûˡ
绰һͷһΪ̬ͷСӣ۾תͣﰵ߶ڣʦˣ˭Գư
Σҵ˼ˣܳæͬʱԶԷ±ǩҲǸͨʵϼһˡ
ŽҲûƺ⣺ܳɣģҲǳУǿ죬Ҳ壬߮ҲҪǾţϾǶϴѧͥ
СҲۣһۣϾϸʮ꣬ʦǹˣҪдһµģȻᱻ˵ûйء
ԷΣ˿ܳɾͲþܾ˰ҲûžܾǾʹӦ
ֻڹҶϵ绰֮ܳüͷ
˽⣬ҽҽԺĹǿƺͳеһҽԺĹǿƣľ֣ѡ˳ҽҽԺʦ֣ǲʦģ԰˸Ŷ
ڶ¬֮ǰŵļɵͽ䱸ܳɾͶ˸ۡ
Լǹˣְɲǰѧʱ򣬴֣ɶ¾ֱʦƣȥһġ
ҪԼӪԼĹϵиԼְҵ滮
Ȼܳɾ߮磬ִ߮ʱ䣬˵ҪȥŽ
߮͵˵ʦŶãɧúܡǰԺҽԺģΪ飬ȥ˳С
ȻҽԺȻסԺ׼εʱȥ˳СǹؽƵġ
ԸĻദģİɣô顣
ҪǸôˣεһ鷳߮ǶԹǿڲ˽ñȽ϶ġ

ܳɽӵ߮ʱ򣬾ͷ֣߮ľ״̬ǿΪήˡ
Ҫкע壬߮ȴժ˿֣˵ţTM˳̣ˡ
۾ΧѬģܳɾʣӣֻǸͷһߣ
š߮һغ˵˵
ȥҽԺȥܳʡ
жԳеһҽԺзǵҽԺ
ֱӹȥѾϵˣܳɸ磬ҲһȥɣһԷ߮һ⳵ˡ
ں߮˯
ܳɾ͵ɶ˚G
߮ҡͷ⼸죬ұΰС˵걾ˣһۣҪ飬ʦԺȸһʱģϾˡ
߮Ҳ·ݱҵˣõ˫֤˳µؾԺˡ
˵ܻҪܳɵͬ£ܳɵĹص㣬δҲҽԺѡһ
𣿡ܳɲš
߮ͷ˷ۣ˵Ѿǰѿˣ׼ˣˣֿɾûôǰG
ܳʲôģ᱾ڸǸ⣬յݣҲֻǶڵġ
ǹؼһ£˭֪סãƣе㲻̫߮ҡͷ
ܳûУ֮ǰĹȥɽҽԺΪ飬ˣûһӣҪռؼ֣е֡
ͺߺȻûƹֻʱܳɣʵƲˣػ
߮תͷܳһۣŶһΪӲأϴңҲҪ߸һʱ䣬кõĽûС
һ١
ܳɾ˵߮ΪλԵ޹ᣬԭỹҪУи
ܳЩ
ƣָ֣ĩһȻ߮Ȼ˵
ܳɾͲ߮ˣTMһ˫أʵǰɣ
ʵдС˵ģ
ַˣ
֮ǰǻҵ绰࣬ҵû
ܳһãǲ̫ףþ⡣
ڣѾĩˣ밲ҲͰʱ䡭
ʱһӾͳܳǰȻе֣ȴǺܽýǳؾͰ߮סˡ
߮磬Сܡغܳ߮к
Ρ߮ܳ˶ء
ؽڡֶܳԱԼʶڴк
鸴ӵؿܳһۣȻ˵ܳɣʦְɣͬһʦŵġ
ܳɵʦе̶֣࣬γԪƽ
ĸˣ˵ͬš
Ž߮ȥ߮ɲŽãæΣԼðɡˣʦֵȻҡ
û˵˼ԣ߮Ȼ츳ãŽǾе˰
һˣȷȻſһ˽˹ݣ˵ʲôӲˡ
ܳûԹ߮˶ûԹŽǳеزеˣҪǶ죬ԲӲǲյ㣬һ
Ǵ
ܳ˵
һ֮ܳٴŽ໥ʶһ£ĸˣϾֻŽ߮ܳǳ֮䣬ǶϤˡ
ΪŽ͵Сܰʵģأð㷢䰡£
һһСֵܰǶģϣܹͨҰѧϰһʱ䡣Ͳ֪С﷽㲻㡣Žֱס
ܳü˵ԼĹǣΣҽҽԺѧѧϰ
ˣѧϰʲôҪģ˵ʦ尡ôŽΪҪܳ
ңҽҽԺǱߣȥкӦǲġѧֻԹۣܼٷͺãҲô򷢵ġŽ͵
˵̶ֳȣܳҲͲ֪ôܾˡ
ΣδܹúðʱɱҡŽȻר㵽һ㣬ܳپܾе㲻ˡ
ѧŽΪصġ
зƣͽȥĿź㡣
Ž˵ţȻüͷһŶҲģ˵ء֪ˡ
ܳɫһûٶ˵ǣħʱʡˣ磬Ҳкܶء
ܳ˵ϣ㵽ʱң
Ž˵ڶ飺Сܣģ񰡣ҽԺ⿿£ϴѧҽѧԺΪѧҽԺ
ǹǿأҲǣͷϣлĻԺһСٴʲôģҪǺ㣬߮磬һ
ǵؼҽԺеĻȽϱԼҵʵЩϣܹȺȺ
⣬Ҳ˵ͷСܣ⻰û񲻹ʡУǹңרˣѧίࡢѧҽԺԵ棬һչ
еһҽԺϴѧҽԺֵܵλҲǵҽԺˣԽ΢ֱЩ
ܳԣһ
Ž뷨ǲʿҲʦ֣ҺܷԼ棬ѧϰܳһǺͬģ˵Σؽڣллܹңܰæĵطǲƴǵġ
ʵ߮磬ؽڣҾǸ˳ġ
߮ʵܳǾϿɵģڣϺܶ¶öֻ˳һԼѣɲõű
߮͵ʦ֣ΣһǸܳɸġˣʵʵʵ
ǰҿɲҰŪʱ򣬻Ҫܳɸ߮ɫʵϣ˵ѡ
ŽͺǺһЦ˵ǿһΣûҴˡ
СܰʱҪˡᵢܶʱġ
Žúܵλ
ңھƲ֮󣬻ྴܳܳҲһһˣŽ˵ؽڣ߮ҾͲȰ˰ȾƣУƹܹḬ̄
Ҳٺȵ㡣ܳɾͻһ䣬ʦ֣̫飬Լαˡ
٣ĿǰϢŽȷûʲô⡣
Լһѧ飬ܳе㲻̫Ӧڣʲôѧ
ȻһǿԿˣô

ܳɷǳǣܳɸճʱȴǰǷˣƾԼȥ
̧ܳͷһŶԷһ㣬΢е֣ӺܸߣĿ峺ԼĿ⣬ЩֺãЩĽЩ𾴣ֶ˼ڴ
ʦǷƣȥзƵСӣǳжǿǳ
ܳɿ˷һۣҲû˵ʲô
һͬ뷽˳Ϻ󣬷˵ĿĵأȻͲ˵
ܳҲһûڡ
зƵˣҲܹأƽܳԱߣҲڣֱ⳵¥£ƲŰܳ͵˼ſڡ
˵˿׻Ҫתʱƽ˳һ仰ʦһϵʽҵʱϵ㡣
ƽ·˵һǳͨ飬Ȼ𾴣
ĿԺǿ
ܳҲˣȻһ죺ҪҪ˵Ҳݵģĸصģ
ʦصġû˸·˼ڽϲʡ
ǻ磬ܳɾ͵ȽɣýţҿҲСͬ䣬ܸ߳ɸͿˣҪʦ
ܳɾͰѷ뵽˷ԿΪеȻҵɳλãؾãҲûֺõظܳˮʲôġ
ܳɲʣƣεо𣿡

뿪ܳɵһ

ǣиĲװƣԼ磬ǺǴѧĸ߲ڹˣ֮ǰڳеһҽԺ࣬ʦŽΡ
ȻҽԺ߽޵ġֻǰ޵ʱҲ£ҪĿľǻȨ
ܳΪβУԷû˵ԭֻ˵˼ͥԭ
ãܳһٹҺܳɾʱ£ʱԺ
ʱ䲻ҪѧʲôҲѧ٣Ҳ˳ܲܽһЩ˿

밲ʱܳٴ˵ƣȨǷ̸ʡ
˵һ£Ҹȥʰиʦ㣬ǺǴѧıƣ˵ǺǸͬء
ʮӺ
ɫȻػˣȻܳ˵ܳɣˣƵĳɼܺãӦҪȥҽԺġǸʦʦ֡
Ӧúͣ΢ҪСµӡ
ܳ㶡
û뵽ôһ죬;Ȼ̽ˣͲ̶յǸ˶ʿо񰡡
ܳһ֣Ҫ˹Ҳĸо
һ˳˵˶ٵĿ֮ġ
ܳɶԷ΢еġ
밲һ׼ʱ׼عҶ˵绰Ȼ󽻴ȥú˯Ȼĩû¾ȥͼݿ飬顣
ܳɻ밲Լˣǰߵ㿪ƵЩЦϽˡ
СŮŮӵԣͳ˳
ԿóİԽԽţҶѧϰͶѧϰĹ滮ҲԽԽǿˣǺ顣
ܳû룬Ȼְ˼·ع鵽Ž
ŽǸ뷨˰棬˵˵ãʱܹһ
֪͸ѡеһҽԺӦѡҽҽԺģŽһȣ¬ε˼΢е㲻ˡ

գĩܳɿԲȥ鷿ģǿǵԼէܳɻȥ˲
ȻڲſڣܳɾͿˣվſڣסˡȻм俿ǽվš
ڿܳ󣬾͸Ͻ˹šŰ״ӡ
ʦ㱨ˡĿ峺ʣǳڴ֮ɫ
ܳɿ˿ƣ˿ܳɣæ˵ҽѧҲ֪ǰû˵
ܳɵĵλڿɲһ㰡¬ζСţֻſڵıɲҵ˵þͱ¬ˣ
ܳɾ֪Ʋûͷ£ܽ
˵û£Ҷûü¬νģзƣ磬ڳѧϰһʱ䡣
ƣǽȥɣԺҸˡ
Ϊܳɵһ仰ܳɺͷˣͶ˿ȥ
棬¬Ѿǿʼۼˣû뵽ܳɻᵽܳɺͷƵһ¬ɫ͵ؾһ䡣
ҽλҽ֮ǰʶ𣿡¬Ȼһۣϳ˷ơ
¬ΣΡ¬
ܳб˷һۣ۾գգ¬˵仯磬ǰʶˣǱν÷ƹѧϰһʱġ
¬Σҵʦ֣ԣϣ¬ܸ㡣
¬ԣɫһ粻ŵҽʵҲǷҽǸǳҽˡ
Ҫ˵ˣѧϰģҵ⡣Ƿҽ¾ǳҽİ
¬ѻ˵úֱףȻ´һ·ƣŷƵĻظ
ְܳĿ⿴˷ƣ˼ǣô°
ƾæ˰벽˵ʦ¬ΣҵȷǷǳĵҪʦѧϰһʱ䡣
ֿĿ峺¬ΣҲڿﶯֶŵģҲǴ鷳ֻҪԶԶĦһͺˡ
ϣ¬ͬ⡣
˵ǳǫͿӷƺ¬ĶԻܳɴŲ²óƱƣܲһ㰡
ܹ¬˵ɫ˴䣬Ҳ֪Ϊʲô
¬ԥ;һ󣬲ŵ˵ͷȻѶ˵ȥ·дһҽͷҽ
ܳٴһ
дɲǶһ˵İ
ƣԣйŹ֣
¬ǾͰѷƺܳɴΰ칫ңȻ˶˲󣬲ŵСҽԴ㵽˳֮󣬿ֳ˲СĶˮƽ˵ӦʱҪ˭ѧϰ
ҽҽһҽԺԹۣΪιʣ
ɫ΢΢ܳɺ¬֮䣬ǻһ˵пʦƵĶɻ󣬶ĿǰѧҵͼҲкܶϣҽܹҽЩɻ󡣡
¬ΣҲ˼ѧϰġ
¬΢΢һݣŷֿɫ񣬵ǲٶ˵ЩʲôˣֻǰȨܳɡ
ҽⷽҽȻģôҾɡ
ܳ˵֣أܳɶԷƵĽ䱸һ㡣
¬˵꣬Ծ˳ȥ
ܳɲŻعͷ˷ƣ˵ƣ¬ζ˽⣬İѧϰʲôĿأ
һܹ¬˼ɵˣĪԼ̬Ŷ
Ҫ߮װģصԼСܣԼĿܻỬ¬ϾһЩֵ⣬߮ܽԼһĪչ
Ƶ粻ҲǶԵǰľԤƵġ
˵ʦҵĿģֻǰ̵ģ˼Ŀǰɽ֮·ϣҲ޷֪ɽ֮󣬵ҪЩʲô޷پϣʦָܹһ·
ʲôɽ
С˵˰ɣ
սɽ
ɽܳɶһ䡣
ƾæ˵ʦǰʵϰʱһλʦ˵һ˵ѧϰɽ
֪ɽָ򣬼ɽ֪·ɽ߼Ρ̽ɽ֪ɽ£ɽɽ
ϣʦܡ
ðɣڷ˵һѺܳɴ˽ʲôɽˡ
ɽʵǴӾ֮ͨһʲôνľ磬ҪƵȼȷʵҪܶעġ
Ϊ档
Ϊβ֮ǰĴʦأܳûش𣬶Ƿʡ
ˣεľġķеݰ治¬Ļܳɺпܶӻ
ƣѾ˺ܸĻŶ
ʹǰʦˣҲ˵֪ѵǳ½ڶ˵ܳʦǿ˵ġ
ȥ꣬ǿʱ򣬳½ʡԼܳʦ˵ǿǸ硣ƾ˵
ʵϰʦǳѧڣܳɵļ棬ȷйںǴѧҽԺļ䣬û뷽ֱӦԡ
šƵͷ
ô˵ܳɾʹ˽ˣԷ⡣
ǳѧ˵Ļôѧڻܹ֪ǰľ磬ңƵǰı飬Ҳ٣аɣԴƵ⣬ΪƣǸʲôӵģ
ƾ˵Լĸ
ܳˣ˼ھ֮ͨϣδܹͣ裬ȫԼĻ̫ǿˣ
ܳɾ͵ˣۣǹǿһмĻܹѼ࣬Σܵһˡ
ȥɣ¬ΣĶļɵڵĵλؽڣ߮ڣϣҲĶѧϰĶ
ҲֻĹͣȻ¬ζ뷨Ҳö⣬Զҡ
һݣллʦˡ
Ȼ󣬷ƾֱ뿪ˣĩſڵȺֻΪһ仰ˣҲ˼



 ҪȥĴ£е
ƣһ˼˰ڰ˺ܳЦЦŸˡ
ܳɲδʹ˾ֱӿģϸػһ뷽ƵḶ֣̌ϸĥƵĻ󣬻һջġ
ѧڣ
ѧʡǴѧҽԺǿƽڣóعǽΣĸѶ
ѧڣֻܳйһ֮ԵǾȥʡǿᣬӴ˽ⲻ࣬ܳɵȷǴӳѧ޶ë١
ĿǰԽعǽεͷ򣬴Դڳѧڵʱָ㡣
ܳɲСκˣκ˶пѧϰزʦңܳҲãԼģͿһӵŬ
Щ˵һЩ˼·ԼδԵġ
ͺñȣ췽˵̨ʲôɽɽۣˡ
Ҫҳѧϵʽ϶ףǣѧڿ϶з£бȽϹٷϵʽܳɾͷ˷ʼȥ̳ѧڹе⡣
½ãϴѧҽԺܳɣ֮ǰйһ֮Եżѧƣ̸½ѧ֮Ϊ壬ɻش̳½ϣܹߴͽ̣ѧһЩ̵ľ飬ʤм
˼Ȼﻰ⣬Ƿǳġ
Ȼܳɾ͵˷͡
ÿطеλһÿɫĳеģҲвͬóУóٴóѧ
ܳԼóѧ
NOȡɣȫڼʵģһǱڶǱ֢ء
ʤGDP˼·̶ľƺ󳬷ѧϰǱʵͳĽѧģʽ
γĽѧãܳҲͬ
ԪƽϣҹܳҲеٴգĿǰġ
óѧϰͿеˣɼõˣδһʦ⻰ܳǾϿɵġ
߮磬츳ҲܺãĽѧȴƶģˣôõĽѧܳȥһĻҲͰ׻ˡ
ӣʲô
ܳû뵽ǣѧڣȻǺܿظܳɻظˡͬʱѧڻܳɵĺѡ
ܳͬ󣬳ѧԸˬʣСͬ־Ŷ̶̰ʱ䲻Сͬ־ѾԶԶЩϼһ˦ںȥˣҶΪͰأ
ѧϢЦòٴλ뵽ܳɵԺʱϣѧɣ費غԶԵţܳɼ̵ġ
ܳɾæأʦƺСܾͺá
½ȥϵĶضؽ̻壬Բôǳʦˣ֪ʦóѧұȻ̡
ѧͻصСܰոСҴ绰ˣҸתһ仰˵лл㡣
֮ǰûôӴɲ֪ԭôһԲˣôͶضؽ̻ˣȻЦһǰʶϷЦ
ǣܳɿɲںͳѧЦ˵½ڣϡǵã㵱˵Ŀ⣬ǹǲǲıʣǹϲϲıʽ֮һǹȱκʵĹȱ𣬶ǹȱı֡
ҪƹǲҪע⼸㣬ʱ˵ǡ
ҽСппλڹ̶ʱҾͻʱʱһ㡣ĿǰɽҽԺᣬ֯ȱʱ۷߱֯ȱ̶ҲǽʱĽ̻塣
ħԺеĹƿУ֮Իǳӹǻȱؽ⣬ڳ½˵ĹȱӸȾ϶
Уڴ
ܳɿɲںͳѧЦǲΪˡԼǿһǳҪӵ㣬ܲҪ˵ǰѼרлϵһǳҪĵ㡣
½ڣ͵ѧ֮࣬һʦְɣ
ʲôƨͶã֪룬ߵȼƨڣܳɿκһ˵ǰƨȻҲʵ
ǣĳ鷿Уѧǳ㵵ؿֻĻȻСܣǣоͿһЩ滮ĻЩһˡ
ƨĵãЩ߼ѧƺеӲԵ˼
˵Щ΢ѵʱ䣬ܹѰõ
ܳɣ治ȫƨ
ܳ˵ʦҵҵ˶˱Ƚ϶࣬ŵˣԲϣȴҪġ
ѧʱ̬ŵͣûġ
ңܳȻѧݣ䣬õıƣôҲҾǿ΢Ųš
ѧڵ绰һͷǳ˳飬пһ䡣
TMѧܰܳɵҲܹŵݣûбԼڵĳɾͣͷԡ
Сܣᣬ˼άԾǿʶͲҪ۸Щϼһˡϻ˵ˣҪллָܹ㷽һ
ѯЩҪȥһ£ҵһᣬδϵͳȻ΢ˡ
̵һǲӦģͨ䣬ɡ
˵꣬ѧͲٿֻˣǳȥԷȻֻص鷿ʼԼ˼·
һߣܳ˳ѧĻ˲ƿڴ½ڰ½ڣǸ˲ֱ֣˵ҶԷƲӣ¡
ǵģڶԷƳֵļɵܳɵȷûôģöԷĿ̫ǿˣȻڣԷʦdissԼ
ܳҲ治÷ƵĿģжô߲⣬ֻǶԷЩĿģ㲻ݣԣܳɾΪϲ
ĩܳɻǾȥĦһ·ƣ˵ƷԣΡ
ȻܳɲͨԼͨ߮ȥ
ϵʱΪӭĩܳɾͼͰҵ绰࡭
Ȼһ߸߮緢Ϣơ
ȴЩۼ⣬΢ô֣˭ˣ
߮磬ڳеһҽԺڷƵֱϵϼƵƷô
Ҳʦ˵㶫
ܳһһ͡
ԣ˵ͷԭǵúúһ룬Է츳ȴҪЩ䱸֮Ĳźá
Ŀ⣬𣿡ܳɻһתʰĿǰĿչ
ˣһЩˣսֽһ⣬ҺҪæһ£뿴飬Ҫݸˡ²ۣһĪչ
ȷЩ֣ǼΪģҽѧͲݺͳѧڡ
ܳҲûֱӰæֻǵ˽˵⣬ҿ԰㣬ͳѧһźܺõĿѧҪյġ
ţѧϰ̣˭Ҳ޷ġͷ
Ȼǵôһ³ʲôóԵİԺĩпˣôȥԡ
˵Ѽ㡢ѼݻвӲˣۡţ⣬Ϊġ
ǸСԻܳħʱ򣬾Ѿ˽ˣֻҪ˵ʳͲܵסԼã˽ôࣿ
ⲻ𣿵ʱȥͺ˰ܳʱûⷽ׼ҲģδȥǸӲˣΪ
ѼͽѼ֮䣬кܴģڵĲźóԣǸ꣬ζͱˡ
У±ţ±ţ֮䡭粵š
˵˵ţȻֹˣ۾գգͣû˵ˡ
ܳ룺ӣѧҽ츳жԳԵоһ룬֮ǰ֮
Ȼϵ۶ǹƽģһţһȴ
ܳԼʳûôִš
Ȼȥ˱𴦣ܳҲͰ˵Ρ߮Լ֮ǰڵ飬ԼڵĳеһҽԺΪϴѧҽѧԺٴҽԺ顣
Ҳ͸ܳɽ˵ǰħԺı仯ԼһЩСԣ˵ĸ˭ֽ˰
ڵİԴ츳úѧϰɣǲжľȥطңΪţ̸Ҳûôˣ⡣
ңܳɿԿóԼԸĻ⣬۳еʲôط棬һԴֵֵȥǸʲôʲôӣ޲裬ʲôζɳгԵģûʲôͬ
ڴˣܳҲóСЩһһʱܲȥ̽һ
һҹ޻
գѧڣܳɻ䣬ͬʱ߮ҲܳɻϢ
ܳȿ߮ģ˵ƣҴ˽һƢˣº棬Ҷö࣡ңĸ̫TMǿˣҼʶ棬ǿˣû֮һֱֲ
̣
ûȥ֮ǰܳ⻰϶һ±ơ
ǣܳɵװ½ǬʦսʱˣģĹ΢Ҹ̵ĳ̶ȼߣܣ
ֻмΪ츳ˣ֪Ҳڲһרҵܳɾû߮ȥˡ
ô˵ܳҲû˵ϻ
죬˵ҪʶҵҵȻֱӾܾˣһ̨Ȼһ̨Ƿ
ʽ˼·һģһһɣˣҲܴﵽڵˮƽֱֲš߮
㶼ܳΪء
֮ǰӡʱ߮ҽѧ츳ߵģȻȲ֮Ҳ޼ˡ
϶̣ȫܵٷ֮٣»ˣţ츳Ҳܺã˵̸
Ȼϸһ£ԼѾ򡣡
һЩҲ˽һף˻Կ˵ŵúܣʱ򣬻϶ҽģԡ
䷹Ҳܻȴöࡣ߮²ۡ
Ȼ󣬾͵˵ˣҪȥдϸˣ׼ܶ顣
ܳɵǳ˳飬ƣдС˵ܳҲû˵ɶ˲£˵дС˵ˣȥPC˵ʲô
߮磬ܳɲŴ˳ѧڵ䣬ȻϸĶ󣬴ŵ˼¡
˵ÿһѧƣÿһżܣһɽĻ
ô֪ɽģǼϰ׶ΣҲͨҽѧ飬֪ϣ֪ԭ򼴿ɣɽ
ǣҽѧһ󣬾ҪԼҪ֪ɽѡһȥĴڣȻۣ֪ẉ̂ԼܹرɽÿһǶȡ
ɽʶɽڼɽ·ϣΪһ壬š
Ȼɽɽ֮·֪жж᫹򣬵׶ΣĿľֻһϵɽȥ
ɽĽ׶ɣʹһˣˣվɽؿչʽΪ˿ʼˣӦ󲿷ֵͱء
ҪĵӦ֣ȫ⣬ǷǳؿչĻ͵̽ɽ֪ÿһ·ıأ׵ذɽ͸
ɽ֮Ҫľɽˡ
ɽܹؼΪɽ£Ȼȫ˽ִ֮ڴˣôɽĹޣһ˵˼άס޷롣
ֻɽȻȥѰҸߵɽԼһɽܹﵽɽ֮ɽ壬ɵĲΡ
ɽڣǳѧĶλȻ֮󣬳ѧûȥˣҲ֪ں󣬸Щʲô
ֻǣЩ˼
ţӦɽ
Ӧɽ
ͨӦ̽ɽ
پ֮ͨϣĲΣǲܳɵģ档ңͨ˵ģʵǰ׺Ǿ綨塣
Ȼ¶塣
ɽӦӦòܣܣֻܹɣǵһ۷壬Ҫڴ˻ϣٽһĻô͵ԼȥѰҷˡ
ܳɾãƣĲһͨˣɽ֮ȥ
ҽԺʲôʱôˣһһͨȼܵĹ
Ҫ֪֮ǰҲڹؽƣһͨܣȻħԺɱɱȥ
ѧǷĶֹôǳԣоһЩԼרҵڣ֪ɽɽ׸ôȻӼɽɽôôȥ̽ɽôɽȵȹؼҪ㡣
е书ķƵģЩؼܽᣬܳ
ѧ׽ѧϵܹϵͳĻôԺҽѧѧϰ·ϣ֪Լ̶ֳȣǱۣԱȣ֪ôľˡ
ܳ˲䣬һ
ѧڣıС
ǴҽѧĽϵȻҽѧĽͼܣͬһЩ͹ۼһģȼ
˵֪ɽһôɽ2ɽ3̽ɽ4ɽ5
Ұķ̸㣬ؼض˵㣬ѧһȫԼ컯Ҫϸڲһ
ǾҽѧڵĴˡ
ֻǣʱǲǻ᲻԰Եʱ򣬱˾ͻʣGɶɶɶܣǼ
Ϸ
ܳɳĬһȻֿʼžžظѧš
ܳɼƽţѧ֮Իôϸ϶ֹΪһѧϰô򵥰ѧȻĿġ
ʦֻۣ֪ʦɻк٣ĽѧģʽһΪʵĻ᲻ᱻ᲻ᱻڸܳʳԼĹؼء
Ŀǰִҽѧ֮ԻᱻڸΪִҽѧǲ뿪˻Ͳῴˡ
ʵִҽѧԼϵͳģʽٴ֣ʵԸϣӰѧϣΪ˾׼ϣǲŽȷĻȫԼĲ²⡣
ǽУＸʺܸߡ
ҽѧĽѧȼĻԺģúܶҽѧܣһЩҪˮģҹʱ򣬿ɾҪGGˡ
ȻҲкôô󲿷ֵҽѧԿ͹۵ضԼһҵۣϼʦڴ̵ĹУҲܹѧнѧ
ҲһǾǣѧѧϰķһµʱܣһѧʴƵĽڣؽƷǳؼ⣬Ͳܹˡ
ңȥϸôһϵ⣡
ѵȼֳˣ˵ɣʲôܵĵȼô֣ʲôǹؼأ˭ܹȥ۸廯
Ȼ˿϶Уܳɿ϶ԡ
ܳɵЩģһȼļܣҪ;
ܳɣһܣ԰ÿһܵĹؼɷֺأԵȼķģʽǿ͹۳
ÿһܣĸߣξӸ£κˣ޷ˣܳɿԣ
κһܣûܹʱڣﵽ¶
ܳɿԡ
һ죬ôܳɾͲֻ֮ˣһִҽѧ֮
ңҪƹ㵽ҵĻ
ܳɣˡ
ǧڻ£
ңôһܳѾ뷨
ʲô
ܵȼֲ󣬰Ѽ֣еķʸʲôȼļܣԽʲôȼļܣҪøԶ̤ʵء
ʲôȼļܣǿһԣʲôȼļܣȥԡ
һ룬ͺܸӣ
ǣˣܳҲ֪ˣķ򣬵Ҫʲôˡ
ܳɻòȽһˮȻ˱飬£Լ侲ȴųѧڵĻظ
ѧСʱԻظǻЩǣҲûжིʲôңҽѧǳŸĿѧѿ͹ۻ
ǣǰѧģʽȷǲ̫ʺۣҲСң֪츳Ÿ㣬ϣСܲҪ⴫ˣǾˡ
ѧ֮У˸п
ʱĴǺ£ǣĴڣܲܰã᲻ӵܣһ¡
ܳûٻţ΢Ÿѧڻһ֡
ͳѧֻҪԼȥԣ׸ô죬ܲܳԳɹܹԳɹĻôʱȥѧȥЩϸ⡣
ҽҽ
ҽҽˡ
ҽβ
֮ҪעڽѧǣҪҽۺЩʺϿ͹ۻЩʺϡ
ǰּʵҲһ̶ȵشһЩѶȡ
֮ķְƥ䣬Ϊ˱øԶ
ջ񣬼ֱɹСˣܳɷеԽؽԽز֪ԼС
΢ᣬһԸһԣ
ҪԣȻʵ̽ܳɣģķûеģһУҪʱ⡣
ôģ;
Ϊ˵ĽѧΪ˴һµĽѧԼϵȻ󣬵ȵԼ֮󣬿
ңϵشҪǵÿѧҽԺģʽص㲻֪ͬͬЩأɲȥȻЦ󷽵顣
ܳɺܿ˼·Ȼд˽һʱģ滮
ϡ
ܳһ밲ƵһȻڷܱʼ飬ɫ˷ܣżǻȻż·ħ
Ҳڿ飬һܳɱֲ̫ʣܳɣôˣ״̬е㲻̫ԡ
Ҫһ¡ܳͣʣ˶԰˵
ԣһ㶣һΣܳ˵ģҪ£Ȼ飬е췭ظ˰ڹʵҽƣԽԽţԽԽ
ܳɾӹΰңڵҽƻı仯ܳҲ˷ǳؼӰء
Ҫʲôѵ㻹룿ͷƤе顣
ܳɣҪôһΣôĻ˺ġĿǰԣܻܹ㶵ףûаѺܶ˱Ҳû˷㣬һϢй¶ˡ
϶ֹܵ޾׷ɱΪ
ܳҡͷæο˵ûУѧ飬һж޹ء
İɣǺܰȫģҲˣҿϧúܵġ
֪֮ܳЩǶһֱΪ
ǣڣܳҪĶ޹Ȼ̫ķգֻЦѡ
Ļϣ֪Ŀѧңȥ֮ǰһȫ綼Цʵ飬Ӱ
ڵԴ
£ŷ
һΪءҲǵģܳɺЩнӴ󣬱ɼˡ
룬ڵܳɣǱϲû˸ҶҲû˻˶ЩУ϶Ҳܳɵϣ˺ܶϣġ
ȻҲôܳȥؼҽԺ壬ϸйأܲȥ
ҲΪˣûжܳɽ᲻֮Ļ
ûУһλڣһϵͳһ£Խ룬ԽǸӣȫ֪Ҫ¡ܳ̾һ
򵥣ʵʲѰھ뵽˺ܶ೸֮һһȥ
ǣܹһܺõķ򣬶Ǵ
㾿ʲôأʡ
ܳ룬ͰԼ˼·͹滮һ顣
ֱʯˡ
ܳ˵󣬺˰һڣš
ȻתѾ֮ˣ㴽΢ţĿ⸴ӣһ仰˵ˡ
ˣҪô磬Ϳʼָ㽭ɽô
ǲģôڵ󰡡
Ϸ˾ģûô밡ҪȫĸִҺ󣬰ҽѧϵͳҲô
˵кܴΣ֮ģҰİе㳬ŵˣıܳ˳ô׻ʲôӰ죬СԹӣе㲻á
ֻؿܳɣúİֺԣֺܵģֺãȻ
СŮ˱飬ܳ룬Ǿͣ˱ʣ˻֣
ţûзֻе㷢ɵ
ҪǲϲҾͲˡܳͻȻ˵
һΣôķӦھȥǼ֮ǰȻܿ죬ͻȻ˹
һΣԼûߣܳ°ŵ
æҡͷҲǣ
Ļҿ϶ںøԶѽңҲ֪ô룿
һʱ䣬治֪ôӻΪԼҽҽߣôҲܹܳйͬĻ⡣
ǣܳһδεطĵţܳɱԼҽƹߵŶ㣬żһ֮վţſ򶼿
ãȽŵһǣ޺Ͱ֮䣬ҪйͬԣٶҪһ֪ȣʲô޷ͨ
Ҳżۣڣ˼Լܳɵߣʲôһԣ
Ʒ
ƿ

ܳɼ㶵״̬һ¡
Ʊȥħ
ûֱˣҪת
Ǿת
ܳȥĻƱȻתħСʱ֮󣬵ִħĻȻԥؾʹ򳵵˰С
š
˰һֱû˯ֻڷ㶣ֻ;Լϰְϴ˸绰
ܳɵĻ󣬰ҲĬˡ
ܳɣҪôǸӣҪôǾĿšһԼıŮ䲻һ˵ģڣˡ
ʲôˣܹܳɡ
ܳû˵ֻǸ˰һӵ
ȷŵŮܳҲ֪Լ飬ܹæҲҪæʲô
ѡţҪԷѧϣﵽԼĻôעĸ̥ˡ
ϲΪ츳ҲΪļϲе㱿ģϽɡ
ܳͻȻһ΢е㽩ӲЩҸ
ֻӦˣһ;ú΢е㲻˳ˡ
ţſҺˡܳɵļ
ܳҲ˳Ʒſˣ԰˵£ң㣬ˣ֮䣬δҪԵȣҲǽ׻ǵȼ۵Ĵպϡ
ܳһ̣ĻᵽŮ˻Ӱ쵽Լεٶ仰
ǣܳһ̣ҲᵽˣŮ˺ǻģûʲôرԭϲ˾ϲˣĳɾ͡ϻۣû̫ϵ
ͷ˵۾е죬ȻԲˡ
ܳĨĨ۽ǣеʪеȵᣬָ¶Ҫߡ
ܳҡͷʲô۲۵İǰղ۵ĻӦһŵԵģͲΪ򷿺򳵶ˡ
ǰղ۵ĻҲȥһŵԵģСһѣһӲȻɽˮʲôͺ˰
ҾͲţû㰲źܺõĶûܶʵꡣܳһ
ԣӦһȻЦǶûô㡣
ܳɾ͵ǰɣĲҪӦôģȻĻԺͻ㣬Ȼܶ鶼㣬㣬Ҳô̹ˡ
֮԰һжʵģԭԭظ㣬ΪѹΪйΪԱΪ԰ҲΪ˱ǵĲƽȡ
Ϊ˽ͨҪӡͺԶ˵ʲôݣжٷӣĸǵʲôġ
ˣ˵ģǰңܻԱԺҲˡ
һȻܳɣɳϣһһ˵Լļ¡
ȥ˷ܳ˯ɳϡ
յϣܳɾͷ֣˯ɳԼԱߣźĿյš
еɰƺܺ£üͷ壬֪ǲʲôجһ㣬ܳɸӣһ°ĶͷⱻѹţһҶĵؿ컨壬̬ͻȻǻ
ãӣԼҸģûۣûĽ˵ġ
ǹԪƽ˵ģҹɡ
ҡܴ˰ݣһǰ
ܳɻԼǰеʪȻͷְӣ˯Ȼˮ


 ·Զ⣡
ʲôʱȥ𣿡˿ѾǻһϮȹȹϥλãǵɫȡ
ܳ룬ʱħģҲ˵ɶʱҪȥ͵ĩûʲôţһٻذɡ
ŶϵöඩһʼǱͱˡܳɺȻȻʼ
죬˵ȥ԰ɡȥһȥ
ܳɵЬЬ׼ˣֻûǵ֮ܳǰҪҹľû׼ͷû취̺á
ԼҲбӣʺŮӵġ
Ҳȥһáܳɽӵ
˵ã氲Ҳȥ˳Уûͬ׼ǰǲúٺٺɶġ
֮ǰû㣬һ𣬶ңܳɻ˿׼СܳɾãԼҲϸЩٲɹŮӵЬ˯ЩţЩ
ԣе죬ܳɴֻʱҲڿԼгԹģûܳûȥĵطȻ㣬ĩô
ܳһ꣬ŷȽıʼǱȲɹһʮȻ˰ٰʮֻͬɫıʣȻЩճƷ
ܳɲŰĿ⣬ƶյģ̡
ɫЩء
Ϊյģ̣ãԼҲҪΪķʱһ¡
Ŀǰڻ򣬻ûаھͿӣǲе㲻̫ʣ
ģ⿪ʼ
ĿǰѾӵһҲһЩλѾɹػ˲ʿѧλ
Լٴ⣬£ԹǿӰشڹڿʼ롣
º󣬳ɹΪҽʦһ˶ʿʦ˳µؿʼԽѧĹ滮ڵѧУǵѧרҵ˴֧֣
㿪ʼԼıʼ滮
꣬ΪʢĻڡ
СڵĹ˾Ѿ˷ǳѾռ˹ڴ󲿷ֵгһݸ
꣬ĵһ˶ʿŶӣңʼһЩѧϰϣ͸
꣬ѧĽչѸ٣֪ʶ棬˺ܴߡĳһκȴƿȷظ֪ξʱһĪչ
ĵһ˶ʿоɹҵδѡ죬ѡ뿪Ŷӣֱȥμӹˡ
ӵһĻܿ챻ãִĲΣԲ⣬ǣ㿪ʼޱȽϿɿѧ
ͬʱһЩ鿪ʼŶӿ£ңһЩʦʦǣۼɹӵһ缶зŶӣǿʼҹĻо
һָѧһԼıʼǡ

ʮ֮Ϊ˹ڶĹǿƽڣרҵĿﵽ۷壬յѧȺ뿪Ŷӣһ˼Ĳʿѧλ
ңĲʿоҲȺ뿪ڵĵλȥλ
һ㣬Ϊͬڸǣɷϵǣǵ㣬ǷǳãҲʮָм
ʮһĽѧɹؽϵͳشڸԼѧǣǶȤȱȱò̸ҷǳۻ޷ʵʡ
ʱһλС鰵ʾ㣬ó츳Խϸߣʺͨˡ
˼ЩĽѧչ㿪ʼ˽ѧʵʩȻʼоѧۡ
ʮ꣬ڵŶӣڻǰһüܣѧۣͨ
ʮ꣬ǰĽѧۣһ׿ģӾϵΪķѾˣ㻹ûüʵԼͬ룬御
ʮꡣ
ģʧܣ
ģۣ˫ѡ㲻棡츳ѧ޹أʵֶΣ̶ķʽ޹ءȻڻоϣͻƣܼˣع;ȷѡ񡣡
ɻһܡ
ѧۣͨ
Ĺǿƽϵʼǡ
ðɣ΢еѡ
ѧۣһǻֻǾͨûеԼһܽĲĹǿƽϵıʼǣ
ܳѡ˵һ
Ȼڵڶģʱܳ룬ԼĽǲǹڼ򵥺ʹֱǣڵڶģʱ򣬸˷ʽ
ѵһģõĲĹǿƽϵıʼѡ󣬶˺ܶණǣеĹǿƵĸֲ֡ľ磬ʼֲ㣬Ȼϸ˵ļܾ磬кֲͬЩҪעĵطԵִﵽһЩ
ģ⿪ʼ
дĿǰѾĸʢˣʦԼڵĵλ쵼нϵ󣬱Ȼͬ⡣
ͬ꣬Ϊ˱ƽʦ꣬㱻Ϊ˸ڡ
㲢δٴֻǺٳеٴ񣬶רڿѧ㿪ʼ벻ͬ׶εѧӴ
ɹؽΪڣͬʱΪ׿Խٴʵ㱻Ŵ飬ͬʱΪʿоʦڵѧУҪ뿪ʼԼѧ
ܳɱ뷨ǣܲԲͬݣȥѧദǣǲ̫ʵġ
ǣ㿪ʼְֵضѧд̣ҷḻǵĻ֪ʶͬʱٴϣΪǳؽ⣬úܿ졣
ԶԣоǵٶȻһЩ
һ㷢֣ǿʼչ㿪ʼеżѧҲЩż֪ôôȥȴٳ߲һ
ֿʼת˼·
ʮĵһѧҵ㣬㷴Լ֪̫ˣֵĻ̫ˡ
ǣٴθı˼·ʼѧٴ˽ѧٴУָ̽⣬ȻԸݲͬ˵ĲͬԸָ㡣
ǵĽչٶȲͬˣҲر졣

ģʧܡ
δʦһܣȻ޷ͨѧĴ̣ѧԣνĴ̷ʽʽõġǱͿ΢Ϳ˽⡣
¼ܡ
һĽѧ飺δǶԵģҲδǴģδʵģҲδʵġ
ģ

εģ⣬ڶεģ⣬ͬС죡
ԼѧϰͽѧϰԼͽ̻ȫһ顣Ѧ޵½ϣ΢һҲʲôֻԼ֪ȸ롣
ռƶѣ̸߮磬ôȥܼ죬߰ʱ䣬ˣҲǱ¡
ڣѧʱڷƶԣǷƵҲܺãˣԼӵ㲦ڻͨ
ɣģԼѧûпȥѰңԣǵĽչ
ҽѧʲôݾԣҪԼ͸Ȼ󲻶ϵ֣ϰϰ
ضԶ
񣬶ֽܹ̳֮߮ôѧֽڿ϶Ƿ˹ģǲÿ˶߮ô㣬Ϊֻ߮һ
Ҫúܶѧô󲿷ѧܹ߮ĲΣǻܡ
ˡ
ѧۣǼǧûо͸ۡ
Ҫ棬ʲô̸ף

ܳϸһ󣬱֪£أԶ
Ȼϵʱ밲죬һ鷿￴ʱܳɾֿ˼ģ⡣
ģ棬ܳÿһΣܹ׾ٵԼʵǵܸߵĲΣһרȥӪʲôƾĿǰĵ̾Ϳԡ
ǣڽѧ棬ȻһͿ
ȻһʺõѧǸѧͬһ㣬ǣⲢ߱ԡ
һֻֽǺٲŵĻôֽͲνĽѧ˵Զѡ
Ҳһ񣬾ܳɵ֮ܽ󣬼ͨѧҲܹܿţҪ̫ͨѡ
ܳɳԹһ֣Ȼѧһ֣νϵҲУһѧͬͨѧһ֪ϲ㡣졣
ܳҲԹʼǣѧɷģ˺øԶдԼʵȻģ߾Ĳ
飬д˿ġ
ϲ˲ϲҲ˺ʣ˲ķ
ܳɷпȻͷȡһҽѧ鼮Ȳѧˡ
˿ڱѧṹܳü״ʣôˣǲڳлʲô£
̧ܳͷҡҡͷǵģΪ顣
Ҳϻ۵ģ˵˵ģоʲôѧϵɣ
϶Ǽѵİôྭʫܹȥ˲࣬ʺϵҲࡣ
˾ʮʷǣʱһӲдݸĿôڶʱڻͨأ
дôˣѧĽ̲ģϵܴ󣬺ãô׵£
ѧһµģܵѧʣǶʱܹöİ
ҲûȰܳɷֻ˵ڣûʵĽѧ飬ǻء
ͬѧʺͽܶҲһͱҺ㣬ڵǧͬ飬ܹõջ񣬾ȫһ
ҽѧıƽ̲ģеܹڻͨٴӦãЩֻס˹ؼ㣬ƵƵ
ãԼڵѧ򣬻ǺзȨġ
ܳ˰⻰üͷһ壡
һ˰
ѧȻһ̣һѧôǲҪѧĽǶȣȥһ£ڵѧǵɻ󡢽̶ܳȣôģ
˵ÿ˵Ľѧ̶ܳȶһĻôǵȤҲͬҲеʺѧҽЩˣ͸ʺѧҽ
ܳ뵽ˣʱɫϲվ˰Ķͷһ¡
Ѱ׵Ĵסܳȴͬһˣܳȥʼڿддˣ̧ͷһ湤ܳɣЦЦԼĶͷЩ֪룬Ҳеۡ
һҲ濴
ϣܳڿͷ棬Ȼϸһ½ģ˼·󣬾Ϳʼ˽յģ·ߡ
ģ⿪ʼ
ڵĵλ쵼ŮԼʦǣϸؽһǳشľߣ¯죡
ܾ˵Ȱ裬²μ˸߿ȻΪһǳٵѧԺһͨ
ͬѧĵͬѧЩ֪룬Թ˵ؿʼѧϰҳͼݡ
ѧϣѾнʱȻʶһҪ飬㱾Ϊóƣˣѧѧϰģʵûʲôο塣
ǣѧĵ뷨תսҽѧУʼо
ģʧܡ
ģ
ѧϰ׶εᡣ
ʧˣȫʧˣһ
ܳԼ˵꣬ϲƵ£Լϲҽѧʵתеˡ
ģĴڣԴ
ٿһֵģʱ
ܳɲûѡͷʼתȥְͼݵĹԱڽͼʱ򣬻ΪͼĹ
ܶͬѧΪѺõĹϵȻ󻹵õ˼λµŮĻģһע⣬ͻ׵ơ
εģУܳ⵽һࡣ
ǾǣڸУ棬ѧԺͨѧ֮ǲһģͨѧҪʱţȫѧϰֻõЩ˵̬ǲһġ
Щͼջܳջ

Ȼڵģʱܳɵ˼·ӹˣͼݵĹԱܣѧ棬ÿղ޵ִԱ
⼸ְҵҪǷܳ˽⣬ͬṹˣ̬ôģǶѧϰʲô̬
˽⵽˺ܶ࣬ˣֻſԲҿƾͺˡ
Щ˰ֻţǮ
еˣֻŻѧλ֤ؼȥ̳мҲ
ˣܳȥǰĹ˾һ»øࡣ
ЩˣΪרҵȤһֱӰãֻŴϷ׬Ǯ
Щˣȫ֪룬֪ԼĴѧʲô
ЩˣĿȽȷ
Щˣ£˻Եͬ߮һģ˸ҵȻͰǣҵ

Щ˽⣬ܳɶԽѧ򣬸һ㡣
⣬Ȼȫ档
աܳŰԹвͺ󣬾ͱȥ˻֮вͣΪ˶˯
뿪ʱ򣬰ӴЩܳʱͶ뵽ܳɵĻ˵ܳɣ᲻㡣
Ȼܳɽ뵽Ʊʱ˵˾䣺ܳɣһġ
ܴ˺ܶ˵ĲĿӱͲİˣһƤСŮ
ܳ˸ϢҲ㣡
Ȼ󱻰Աǰǰ̽˸飬Ž뵽˺ҡ
ܳɴ˿̵˼ȫˣȷʵûйľ飬Ҳ֪ǰͰ̣㲻ǣȷһܿģĪĿġ
ֿģԼ˶Ǯжߵĵλжȫһ
ֿģһλȼʱĿܱȵģȫһ
Ŀģǳڣܳڸ߿ҵֽѵĸоеƣͬΪǷ֣Լһ̶ȵرʲôסˡ
ζΣڵܳɣǻ밲һĻĻԼһĻΪԼԼȥȿȡ
оǣڿʱʣӵĸоܳɻ֮ȥ
ڣɻˣܳɾָ˸Ϣ
Ҹովһֱ㣬ҵ˯һ

˷ɻ֮ҵ¬Σȷʱ䣬ܳɾȥһˣǾǷơ
Ϊۣʼǳѧ֪۵Ƿƣʣûʲôļ⣬˼·Ļ
ܳɿȥĿĵģ⣬ûУҲûʧԷԸѡ
֮ǰϵʽ
ܳɸƴȥ绰ʱ
ƺ⡣
ǴӦܳɵ룬ֻǡ
ܳʼЩʱ򣬷ҡҡͷֻ˵ʦ
и硣ܳɴϡ
ܳɸ磬ҪңۣûбȽϹ׵Ӧԣû취شΪ½ڣҲܶ˵ۣҪĻǱȽѵġ
ңʱ˵Խȱ˼̵ĻǻήͻøеģҸ˶ԣģû취ŬǺѼֵġ
ԼԣܻһЩջҲһֱ֡˵ĺֱףĿҲ峺
ܳҲ͵˵ͷ˷Ƶ˼飬ҲǵֻǣܹӷõЩ𰸣ҲΪ
ûٶʷƣҲûѧҵϵ飬ֻǸ˵Ժʲô⣬Ծæ
Ʊ̴ϲ
˵ллʦ˱ֿˡ
ܳɵ˼ʱ߮͸绰ˣܳɣҷһ˼鰡
찡еһҽԺҲҪСппλڹ̶ˡ
ȷǺܳ⣬ʣ

ҲûϹ̨߮˵
ܳʱһȻ󽻴߮磬пնɣ硣
ɲ˵죬дС˵ˣ˵дС˵ǮҲ׼УûĽ
ԣƣʺѧϰǺһҵ߮˵һܳɷǳ顣
ܳ˷ۣȱǮҪǮȥ飬ˡԼŰɣԴһҲԲ
߮˼ȣ磬ΪдС˵ôдİڵĳɼҲ֮ǰۻ˺ܾúðɣ
ţ˵ˣֻǸô˼£죬Ҫʦְȥˣ߮簦̾
ܳɾЦЦǴҲһ
߮صǿδŶִ򲻹㣬ʱҲ򲻹ҡҸ㽲ǺúòһǹǿƵıרҵġ
ܳɷ˷ۣӣܾ

һ
ǿƵıרҵ
ܳˣݷƵľ֪ܳ߮ƵѧϰҲǺǿ̣δؾͱȷƲˡ
ģˣĺδ֪Уһƶ˵еˡ
ܳɵĹעص㣬Ҳ
ʼԼģ⡣
εģУֻܳ˺ְܶҵ
ҵ޹ܣȥ˽ѧѧϰϰߡ
ҲһǻΪȫ֪ĽʦȫĸУѲΣҲлΪѧߣٴΰݷ˸ָĴ
ܳɰݷõĴ񣬲ѧϰ񣬶ǣÿѧУڣΪõȺˣ
Ϊõˣѧ񣬶ǳصȺ壬ռȺСȺ
˽ЩϢ󰡣ܳɾͲȥоһ׽ѧۡ
ܹεģᣬܹܳǣ׽ѧϣﳤǰһ
Ϊһ˼飬ǾǰʵҪѧ۵ĵȼϵͼܵĵȼϵʵǺѵġ
磬֮ȰѼ࣬һ࣬Ȼһ£Ȼ󿴿ܲͨ͵ȼΪѧǣȥһأͬһأ˽ǿƵļΣ
ҪܳԼȰѸּ࣬˽塣
ܹҪһȥģãԽǴ£ԽǼãͺñȣģ˲֪ٱӣǸԵĻۣδ
İأô׾˽İ
Ҫѧѧ;
ŵ˼ʱ䣬ܳȰģ棬һģУ֪йǿƵļ࣬ģģһһڱʼǱϣд
ʱˣһһȥ𲽵˽ÿһּ࣬ࡢּ͡׳̶Ⱥͺ̶ȣһһ˽ͱע󰡡
ͿȶЩ࣬ʼȼˡ
ǰϵеּ϶ǲ̫ʵˣҲǿһοġ
Ƶܳɾͽˡ
˱ʣ죺극𣿻ǳԵļʲͣ
ҡͷһֱڿ飬Ҿ͵һ̣ġȻ󻹶һ٤ڲſʼĤ
ſͨ˯µԶ̺ܳɶԻ˶Ƶ档
ѹҪȷƵ
ܳɾеЦⰲְԣְ֣ѧϰְҪ֪ѧϰѧԣڵƹ͵ԹߵĴ̼£Ƥرá
ңʱ䳤ˣԼʱͻˣҲ֪ôƽġ
ãһƿϴ̣㶨һС
ع鵽ƵǰʱѾǾŵˣԼʱ䣬ֻʮӿˡ
ܳɾ͸һԼ緽Ƶ顣
һĽ˵ĽЩѧѧ񣬰ҪôõʣǾͺˡ
ܳڣѾ֪ô仰ˣڶôÿˣҪô߾ſʲôݶ
ֺÿѧϰֺãԸҲõˣڵӾеġ
ʵ棬ôŶԼ̫֪ܳԼе̫ǿˡ
϶˵飬Ͳ׸ı䣬ҽѧ
ƨֻǣô׵ȥתжѣҪۼְҵܳˡ
Ϲ˵
ֲϲô౸̥
ңңһֱкܶ׷ߵġȥǰʱôɬˣҲ˺ܶࡣ
ɣҲǡܳ컨һ䣬Ȼʮӡ
ܳɾҪһֱΪ仰ͣŸеĴۣ仰е˰񾭡
죬ܳͬǴսҸֿա
Ժ󻰻ǲ˵ȻǰģǴԣɲһŮС˵
ܳɰֻӵһߣȻ𴲹һСʱѴŵļ࣬㼸֣ȫд˱ʼǱϣûдꡣ
ȻԼͷһȦŵૡ
ʲôִҽѧ˵ʲôҽŶ
Щ֣ǰ׺͸ģʵô򵥵һ֣ȫǷβܵ״ֻ̬ǲôҪѡ
ţһӣܹ֪Ķжأһ۵޸ûȫܳ̾
ԽǶö࣬ԽǺ£ԽǾԼ̫١
ҽ̽İԵȥ̽ǺĴ棬ɾǱǵ˰Ҳ̫̫δ֪֮
İأʵ̫ǧٹˡ

գǵһ
ܳȥǰ˸Ȼ¬к󣬾ڰ˵֮ǰϵ
¬ǰ͸ܳ˵ԼңȻܳɾͷְ¬ĲģԼҿڣһǵĻʿȿЩʿֵҪһЩ
ң˵ЩˣԸС֪·ߣôǴȻȡ
ֺ֣ϣ¡
ȻҲǴ£ǰ״ӣʿñΪɰ鶯
ܳɺʶܳɵģæܳ뵽ʹ˵ԵȻ˵ҽҽæдЩġ
֮ǰʦ㶡ôŴǱȽϸ壬ġ
ܳĿһ˵лл㣬ԼдɣǿƵһЩרƼ飬д̫á
ֱܳӾܾȻҪ飬Է϶ᡣ
ǹ￴ֱܳӾܾ㶣ȻҲǵ˵ͷ˵õģҽҰάɡ
ܳ⵹ûоܾȻ˵Ҳ׼ʱذѵһ˷˽һſţ˵һ˺һ˲Ҫ̫ˡ
һͰŸˣȻվſڣ۾ܳ߿ţΪôӣңУ֪һ
ܳһ£Ͷ֣˵æʲʷɡ
񣬾֪ӷƵ棬ƣܴ⣡
õģҽæȻʼ
ǣﲻµĻеģҲ
ˣܿ첡˾ͽ
ʹúܣʹ˺þˣ˺öҽԺ˵ΣܰҲһΣͯνڣһרң˴ʮͣԼ˵ȻָָԼŲ
ԱվŵĶӣĵصԼĸ׽꣬Ų䡣
ҽҸ֮ǰϴѧҽԺ˵ʲôɹͷҪؽڡ
ҾʲôվţһϣXߣCTк˴š
첱Ӻس˳ܳɾ˵ʣʼʷʷԼϸЩ
Ȼ󣬰Ŀ۽үӵƽƬԼüͷݺһ塣
ôݵĹɹͷүӣܲе


 ̬
飬вصһҪߣӹУſƲ˵س̶ȡ
ܳתƽµѯشһһУͬʱͨߺ˵ĴŴ磬ǵĴݡ
Ӵų£װ㣬ŵֱҲӦǼֵƣ˵ʱΪҲңﻰ˼ǣʵԼĸͨķʽǰʹࡣ
ǣү½˵ȻϴѧҽԺĽڣΪʲôѡأ
ʹʮ꣬⻰һأͷڵͬ˹ģҲѹͷҪҲ
ҡͷУЩʧؿܳɣ˵ҽʵҲΪѣԼĲԼúܣֻҪҿֹʹҩͺˣǲġ
ܳɾæӻְ˵ǣȱ𼤶˵
飬ںأ·ÿһǼ尾Ҳӣ֮ͿԴָֻôأ
ͣӦǿԶӵʱ֮ʱ򰡡
ܳɲ⣬յ˵ļҾ֪ҲǳңڵĹؽûܳ죬Чܺãˣܳϣܹͨҵĵľ
ǰ£ͨͬĻ͹ͨʽ벡˹ͨǸʺԼѡ
ʱܳɣֻģû취λϣȫҪԼһ棬͵Լ벡ദģʽ
ԣЩ⶯Ǽҡҡͷ
Ҳ
΢΢̾һ˵ҽʵģҪҲҡ
ĸ׾Ϊȥġǰ᲻£˶үһЩ΢ʣ֣ͻ߲ǸĽĸ׵ȥûϵġ
ܳһδ졣
ͷȴǹִվҪߣҲ
ЩżؾȥӼ״æȥҲһΡ֪Ӧԣƫͷܳɣ˼ǣҪҪһ¡
ܳ˵Ѳ˵ļϣȫãǰɡ
һ棬Ŷʱ䣬ܳ޷ף˺ԼӵĹҲ֪ӶԼ׵΢ʣʲô̶ȡٲµֹһԹ׺Լĸס
ҲǣԼɵϰ뿪Բðգһ֣ĵļɵ
ʰú׼ţܳȴǶеƽƬ˵ȥͰɣһˣ
µͷ˵á
ܳɾ׷˳ȥҰѹҵĺҲ
׷˺ӺܳЦЦǵƬӣˡ⣬ҵĺţҲˣźûаﵽǵæ
ӽӹܳɵƽƬ˵˾лл˵ҽҵĺţĻأ˼鷳ˡ
֣ǻؼҰɣˡȫģҲ㣬Բ𣡡֪ˡӣ۾ŶԼĸ׵Ǹ
ʱȱĸԱڣ˺Լеĸʱδ֪꣬׵ѡԴ
ѾͣҪúТ˳ʱȴȻˣ
ССͬСԼĺദʱСܾͻԼɵ˺޷ת
ܳɿ˵˫ȻЩ΢϶Ϊʹµġ
ɹͷݵ̶ֳȣﻹǺ·վá
ܳҲû⣬˵ĶӣҲԼöο˿࣬ĪȰơ
ֻܳ˵ǣʵܲ˵ʱ㻹һңҽͲȰʲôˣԺȱ˶ͻήȻԽܶö̱֮ˣʱҲˡ
ҲȰܹа취֢״ġͨסԺƻһ֢״õ㡣
˾ʱǮʱô͸ѽ
˼ؿ˿ܳɣǼسŵݷȥȻǲͷ
ܳɾҲֻתصҡ
ҽߵţԼִźѡʱǧҪԼ
Թ˺ܳɾֻص
ڶˣͽСӣǸСкΪ¶֪״ӵܳɺ£Ǻ£ԼĸЩ
ˣһλ꺺ӣǺʵأѺ׽˳˵ҽҶӡ
ҲȥܶҽԺһ񣬶˵βˡ˵˸רңҾŴ
һ˵ţһ߰Ѵ˳䳤СͽŶ¶˳
ȻȻǿСǰԼ֫вϸҴĻΡ
ܳɼ״ˣףϸǰۣǰϸ꣺з𣿡
꺺ӵ˵ͷ׹ۣã΢һͻۣ֮ᷢǰ۹üˡ
ɹǲȫǴಡ
ֿԽ޲෢ڶͯʺܴ΢ͿԲۣĿǰƷʽ
ЩȻҲس˳
ܳЩΣ˵ȿƽƬɡ
Ȼµİæ£ƽƬ̿ԿĻ֫ͬŹ״ϸ൱ϡɣҹǻС
ܳɾʣǴӼ꿪ʼİǰȥЩҽԺ
4ɣţüˡüιۣÿιۺ󣬵Ǵʯͺˣ˵ʲô֦ѾۣûλȥϴѧҽԺȥʡҽԺ˵βðֻܶע⡣꺺ӻ˵
ͬʱܳɵĿУڴƺǺϣܹܳԵƷ
֦ѾۣŶ֦ۡ
ļ׷ۣԷԹۣʲô͹ˡ
۴Ϊ֦ͣλ٣ʹᣬϿ죬Ĥ³ɹɣ϶֫峣ɽǣһഺڣ۴𽥼١
ֺ֮ܳǰҲֻ˵δٴмƶ֮ǰڲԶʦˡ
ܳɵͷ˵ĹʣȷûбȽϺõƷʽûй۵£ע⿴Ȼúӳɳഺڣӭڶڣܹʺ󣬾ͻһЩ
ͷܴ࣬ѧˣᵼ¹۰ɣǿҲΪ鷳ģǼҳҪĵġ
ӵͷ԰ҲŰһֱߣҲҳȥ֮ǰһΣѧ·ϣүүţ͹ˣڶұ͵ҡ
ȻʦרһӴţҵҲȥС棬ԺܹƧ
ʵҲǹƧҪҲӲҪ棬ļҳҲԼĺӣԶޡ
Сû˵ֻǿܳЩ£ʵҲһ֪ĺ棬һֿֿܳɵһ
ܳɾ˵ʵأֲҪΣѣһЩȽĸߣ벻ԣǸӶһ֧ߣԸͱĻҲ΢ܹЩ
һ⣬֧ߣҪÿһΪڳɳҷҲͣǼԳܵĻҵǿԸһ顣ǼﱾͱȽѵĻ͵Լˡ
֮ܳǰħʱ򣬾ԹλߣҲֻλߣһεĸеиߵ֧ߡ
ʵԲǿȷù۵Ļߣ´ۺܹ󣬶Ҫרר衣
СкȻûйۣʵʵʹ۵ĲˣҪӴ
ⲻǸӵĻܳɾͲˡ
ԣһϲҽ˵֧ߣʲôðҪǮ
֧ߵþǱṩһ֧ãĹʱͬʱܹṩһӦæΡ
ȻõĻеһ׾͵һ㡣ΪеԵģֻмȺ޷ܳҲʵ
ʵһ˲ˣ͵ĻȨĹ˾Ͳÿȥˣ֧ԵģȺǮԲض˵
ûǮˣҲԲá
ħʱλүӣרܳɺȨһƵΣ죬ͿȥμӻˣԼߣܹߣοͷ˺ܶࡣ
ĿǰǸˣѾжˣΪƵģҲ޷ã൱ڼǮǸ衣
λ˶ԣǮܹ֧ߣﳬֵġ
ӣԣüȻǱסˣһһһξλɲʲôСǮ
ܹ֧֧ɲͬģ
ܳɼԥֵԻȥúõһ£Ҳһ꣬ûЧԺûаĻͲˡ
֧ߣĿǰֻкٵ֪ԣȥʱҽǹҲ֪Ҳû취ṩԴ
ҽܶʱҲֻܸһȨҲӣȥطʣܳҲǰδػ֪ⶫ
ӣܳɸϵʽˡ
ȴڲߺѵҽûָеҺҩҩǺΣյ顣ٱˣкܶ鷳ˡ
֪ġܳɵͷء
ҽҵϲľҽҩؿۣرָص㹺ҩȻûؿ۵顣
ȨƣܳʲôؿνĶҲ²顣
Ȼ΢ʣֻҪԼҲͲ±ˣǸ֧ߵĶλǸ߶˲Ʒһ֪ãܳҲٶཻ档
˺⣬ת˺ܶҽԺûеõȽϺõҽƷ񣬿ȥٱǣһԸţǺĵģҲǼõġ
ȥУһ˽ɡܳ˾
ǰܳɾԲ飬ʱǸű˻ģ飬Ҫ֡
ڲһ˰ԼǶִҵߣмְƣеֱҲͲҪˡ
ǵ͵̡
²ҶָֻܳţֻȻðգܳɶˣҲֻܰһˣ˽
ﲡˣһλʮĸŮĺ֣Ҫǽʹ
رǽŰģվŵʱʹòУºȴʹֻ˺ܶ࣬Ƕģ̸
ҽרңⱼİŰʹ˺üˣһֱûá
˵ҵĽҪ˵ҪƣưĦ˺öΣʱǼЧˣɾǲܶϸ긾ŮֺǺǵģǸֹɡ
ܳɴӶԷ־˴ʲô˵̣ʹվŵʱʹúɣŵʱ򣬾ͻһЩ
ţԶԶԣҽ˵û긾ŮһԼЬӲ׵ЬȻȣָܳλãڽŰĵġ
һ£Ҳʹ긾Ůһ߰һߵ
ܳɼ״ЦЦѿִϣһ˫ףૣǼһˣ׽Ĥףںܳһּ෢꣬׽Ĥճµġ
Ȼ˼ƽϣܳɻϸĵ飬ȻⰢཱུĽŰֹû⡣
Ȼվ˵ܹչƬûУ
һžۣ׽Ĥ׵ĿԣȻ󣬵ǰʵҪųԷԹۡؽ׵ȼϲС
չûãҽ˵û⡣ʹ˽ţȻ۰ͰͿܳɡ
ܳҲصλϣùĲʼд飬Ȼ˵Ҹ㿪ҩܹҩĻʹԺܿ컺⣬üð
úúã㿪һúüţʱáϱӣǰαһ磬ࡣŶϵˣ죬źһ㣬Ҿ͸Ͻҽˡ
긾ŮһҸһʧ
ܳɾ˵ȥ֮˫õ˶ЬԵ˵˶ԱרܲЬЬ
ڶ㣬ȥ֮Ҫ̫ʳֻ⡣
㣬ķҪټٵڵķ֮һٳԶͣ˵һ٣͸ĳɳĶ٣ÿٷܶˡ
ĵ㣬ȥӪƿûʳסܹؿִõġЬʹͻỺܶࡣ
ȻݽźƵĻôʹˣҲǲܵġ
긾ŮŴͣҩһΪҩأⲻԣǲ𣿡
ǹһʱͺˣٳԶͣٳԷ⣬ٽʳȻĻزʹͻһֱڵġԺĹؽҲ⣬ʱҪˡܳЦŵ
ҲΣڿⰢ̽ʱأʹŲ²⵽˵ʲôˣʵһЩݵˣҲᷢ׽Ĥס
ŮΪ࣬ҶŮӡ
߸ЬӲ׵ģΥ㹭Ӳϸֱ׽Ĥ׵ȻԭϣҪκ⿷ʽִһһ׼
ⲻ֣ӦۻֹʱͻᷢӦԹˡ
࡚GⲻԷ⣬ǳ⻹ʲô˼ŶҸ㽲ҽҾⰡһڷ㣬ⶼǲģûгԷ
ԳԼֻԵ壬߳ţ⣬֬΢еˡ
˵ţܳɾдˣЩǵûȥҪְ㻨Ǯ˫õЬȳҩҪ㣬ҵʱҲܹˣԼԼҲɺܶ࡭
һᵽӣ긾Ůص˵ͷаɣΪӣȥԣȻ˵ҲӣԺҶӶҡ
˵ţˣһֻͷˣҽţ֣Ҷʶ
ܳЦЦûش𣬵ȥ˵һЩֻ֣߼ƣеֶġ
ҾͷˡתȥԿóԸܺá
ƲӣôֹۣӾͲܲ
°һ˴ܳɣǰǸ̵ʲôҽҲżýʹ
ܳԣתͷ˿Ьӣ˵㲻ȥƽЬഩʿЬͺˣҲüʡ
߸Ȼ˱Ҳ˽ţעⱣǹǿƵĹؽҽеݲ¥ݣΪ˱ǵϥǡܳϸ˵
´ʣ¥ݶǲ𣿡
ǹǿҽ˹ؽڵҽǸϲӾܣܲϣȻ󼴱ߣѡ񵥹ؽ˶ǻѡؽڵ˶ʽ
Ҳнģļ⣬ȻԵҵѧĶʽȻĻ
ܳû˵꣬Ϳ½λͨǵĴ磬͹ƣλŮҲģ߾ڼٻʲôġ
ãﲻܳʡ
ϥ治кüˣ֮ǰȥط˵Ҫɶģе㺦£ûǺʹȥվʱرʹ
Ȼÿҽ͹ˡ˵ǽ㣬ͲӦǶʮңߵʮ߰ŮмƣӦá
ϥʹڼ÷ܳɳʡ
˽⵽ףĿǰŮӣΪĵȶأ٣µϥؽ˵ıʣܸߡ
÷ǱȽϳһֽ١
šöͬʱ˵ͷ
Ȼ㷴Ӧ˹ʣǵĺ˴ţҽ˵ʲôȽϺȻҪеȻʹͺˡ
ǱȽϻû˵ĸҽ
ǣ˵ĲȫܳҲ֪˶ҽѧڣǳİ°壬״°壬ͺѣڷ̬İ°塣
ܳϸƬȴ֣ף°壬ȽϺãûưΪʲôҪ֮ǰǿǸҽô˵ģ
ó˺˴ű档
ȻͿˣ浥ϣд˿ɰ°˼֣
ðɣܳɴˣƬҽҲ֮ǰܳڲμʡǿʱϴѧҽԺλϽڸģֻ浥ִڡ
Ůܳɵɫһ˸żʣҽǲǺذ
ܳҡͷûУǵϥؽڣӺ˴ϿΪģΪ˸Ӿ׼ϣҪһȽϵͳϥؽڲ塣
棬Ǳ浥ҽ
ƬӣƬҽǲȡġ
ٴҽʱ޷ȡԭ֮һϵأǣܶ࣬һһӦġ
ܳȻȥʼˣһٲȫˣ֪ʡ
ϥؽڵĲ壬ϸдܳɵĹؼ鶼дٵ֡
ʲôʹƹǰѹʹʹ顢Ӧȵȣⲻͨҽѧ˽ġ
ʵֻһţֻҪдһݲд֮󣬾˵úϢһʱͺˣҪټˣǲǿԷĻϢԺҲҪƵʡ
ʱ䣬ҪĻѡӾȽ滺˶ʽ
ǣҪ𣿡æʣȽϹע⡣
ܳҡͷ˵Ҹ˵ǲҪģҲԲο֮ǰλҽ
̨ͬУǲġ
ǣҲǱҪġ
ȴ˵ҽҿ϶㰡ħĴҽ϶ʶܹ㡣
ܼܲһ΢ŰԺѯһЩ⡣е󵨵ˡ
Ҳһ㶡
ܳЦЦ˵ллΰҽȷ涨ϵʽ⣬ҵʱҲ˵ԣǻǱɡ
æ߳ȥˡ
׳ŵܳ΢ţеֵľٶˣܳɻܾˣȴߵòС
ֻſڴ㣬ǿ˧Ĵ𣿡
ңûУֻΪʽصѡ粵
ŶǾͺãҾ˧еϲԺҵżˡһ
ܳɣ
ʲô
ǺǺٴδܳɣ˸ߣ˧ѧߣʵǿرʵѶֻϧеβе㲻֪롣
ҽλŮͦÿİôǵ΢Ű
ҽԺûȷ涨ҽܸϵʽŶ̽ʡ
ܳɾ˵£һ㲻΢ŵġ
ܼһ΢ҽ½æڴʣ˳ư˹һˣƶܾ
ܳɵ۾΢΢һУҽҪ̽ѧǵĻڿ̸һ¡
¿ȻȱһʣҲ˵㣬ֻ˵ÿ˵ľһӴ˾Ͳһ
ۿɰԵܳ⣬ҪȵĻȥöºʶˡ
ѧʶ֮ǰİ磬۹ɶ£á
ңǰĻܳҪŮѣҲкܶ˸ܾħŮǧֵѧѧʶְŮܹӴ
ûػ
ܳ˵Ҹո飬Щ
¼شɫ԰˵㡣
ܳɼʣոŮǿܿǵϣʲôЩϣո˴ţΪʲôῼǰ°ˣ
״°Ķϱ׼ôǵģ
ȥЩҽҶ֪
ܳҲûﵱ֣ԸǱ˰ţνѧϰģġ
һɻ󣬶Ҫ޹ص⣬ʲô
湤ûãһѷƴ˵û̽һЩ⡣
¾ʵˣȻɺ𣬵ˣһ¹ļơ
ֵܳÿô棬ȻȫͶ뵽״̬
Ĳˣǧٹ֣ÿרƶУܳɻƺ󣬸СߵĸĸǾܳʵûбȽϺõȷ
ܳɸ˼飬ȥħɳС
ҲܳɲԸڳҪǣߵģƷչȲûвƵĸܳһˣɲçǵ׶ˣܳҲǺεأˣֽھ뿪
֪ʲôѡǷǼȥ
Ȼܳɻ˺ܶҪȴĻߣеΪǮеǳڶĿ־壬ԣҩУҪԲܡ
һǿҪܳɿһЩֹʹҩģܳҲֻӦʣ˹֮ڵģļҩܳҲûп
ΪܳɵȽϴ󣬲ȻҲûд󳳴֡
ǣһˣܳɸˣڵҪ֮󣬲ȴǴ󳳴
ҽҪ˰ʹúܰգerˣҪδˣҿҪ鷳ġһλʮӣҿ
֮ǰ˳ˣģҪܳɣٸ࿪һ˵ʺϹ
ֻܳ˵ֻڵ֢״Լĸ飬˲ĽѣڵϿɣĿǰϡ
ڵҪҲҪ⴦ʹкصĻҽȥʹƿһ£ûʹء
ֻΪǰǴι۵ĻôڵĿˮƽǲ֧ǿҵʹеġ
һջˣҽ⻰ʲô˼װ𣿺ʹĲǰɣʹҲҽ㰡ģ
˵ֻ꣬ʹܲˣҪϢǵλҪҽҿ֤дһæ鷳ˡ
˵Ȼ
ܳҡͷԲʱĿ͹ϣ֧Ҹдôļֻܹ㽨Ϣ£飬Ȼݸ鿴ǷҪӳϢʱ䡣
ܶʲôãҰһΣҲҲ鷳ҽ͸ҿһ¡Ҳʡ£Ҳ鷳
ʹȫܲˣﻹϰŶͰҿһʹı顣
ԲΪʹȽصĻȥϼҽԺȥʹƣȥħܳɼ飬ˣʵĿĺܼ򵥡
ײǸ˾˭ҪͶ
Ŀ֪ˣҲ˵˵ʹǼٵģҽǲֱ˵仰ġ
˾ЦЦҽħдйܷԣȥħһĵк£ҿһŲ
ܳ治֪ʲôʱҽӵиְҵԱȨˡ
ֻǰѲ˵ĲƺȻƸ˲ˡ
Ҹ˵ĿǰĿ͹ԼתԺĽ鶼дˣԲ𰡣Ұﲻ㣬Ҫ°ˣɣܳɰѲ˹ȥ
Ҳվܳסˡ
ҽ㲻ܼȰʹúʼߵ
ޣῴڵĲܳȻͷ
㲻ῴ㿪ҰҪȥҲҪмǣ˼ǻ
ܳɵֻǸҽûʸκμҴˡ
ǣǵλ˵ҪҽӱΡ˲סܳɲš
ǵλ϶Ǹ˳ٻȥʰɡҽûκʸ񣬸˿Ȩܳ˵
ǰд˰
ȥǰҽҽ죬ľֻο״̬ҿƽƬǰκζҶԣҶǲ֪ġҲ֪֮ǰҽΪʲôҪ㿪ǣֻ࣬ܽϢ¡
ңҲֻдĲ档
ܳ˵꣬һǽҽƾ򣬲ǱҶˣڶΪ㻹·ĻǶұʵʩҿԱġ
㻹㱨ΪҲɰҸ˵죬㲻ҵãߡһҲµģ
Ȼܳɾע£ȱ˾Ȼٴ˱Ƶĵ绰


 ܺߣ
ʲô¬֪´绰ʱ㶡
¬ΣҽͲͻˣţ˾ǸȻ˵
¬ʵ˵ⲡ˵ʱ򣬾֪˵ˡ¬õģˣɷʡԼ
ΪԼеϵͿҫ˸Ҵô
ҽôӦûɣ¬쿭Ȼжţ˵
ûУһ¥бԷ⣬ڲ˺ҽȥ˱ƣҽҲˡ½˵һȻ¬ΣҪҪԺ绰
ȹ˵ɣ¬һ䣬ȻϽӼҽԺϡ
˳ϣͨ˵ԼĳϣеһҽԺŽȥ绰ͨ󣺡ΣҪ㱨һ顣
ŽǺ棬¬û¸ͨʲô绰еͱ˵˼
˵¬ΡŽǱȽƽ
ǿǸ쿭Ȼ쵽ҽԺ￴ȥˣܳҽǳˡˣǻûе⴦ô¬ŭҲǰԼ̬ƽ
ŽԣʱͷƤһ飬쿭ȻϢ뵽ԺƤˡ
쿭Ȼô˵ˣ֮ǰһγˣթһǮҲصĹϵɴнżסԺڼ䣬ˡ
ȺԭڳеһҽԺһĲ٣·˾ǰ͵͵ѯʲôŽ˾ǰǣ쿭ȻԼܺ߰
˵ʹûбȽϿ͹۵İ취˵ʹ
˾ҲȽϵù෽⣬ɹʶֻҪҽԺϿɵҪڼ䣬ÿ⸶ǧķãǳڵġ
쿭ȻǰͲҵҲйϵԾӪĶΪùĳӣ룬Ϳʼˣˡ
ڳиҽԺߣȥʡһλڸҲͲˣ˳һĶֵأʲôë
ڣûҽԺҸʲôݼˣҵڵ˶֪ˣҲûбȽϺõİ취ܶͶ㡣
ǲˣ˵ԼʹԼȨģҲȨģֻҪᣬҲã̫
ϾȻйϵҲһһá
ڣȥº޹ϵܳȥڣ
Žüͷ壬˵¬Σ£ҵȷǲ֪ô㣬ҲãǸˣȫҲҽ̫鷳ôأ
ʹʵĸܣûп͹ָġ
¬ֱӵε˼ǣ£ȫҽԺκδʽԣ
ͬʽӰһŽȫܵĻô¬ҲûбҪŽʲôˣҽԺ֮ǰļôģԼȥ
ƭթǷܿɿ
¬̬ȺǿӲ쿭ȻģǿڲҽŽӣЩ˼ɣ㣬ǣܳУĸ־Ͳһ
TMǳеһҽԺ߮磬ʡίԱƼţܳõߵǸΣҴҾֻ͹۵ķʽȥˡ
¬Σ£һεģϹʵʲôǿ϶βܣǣ¬ΣҲҪᵽǵѴ
ϾҲִ쿭Ȼ̫̰ᣬֻҽβ⣬һ˽Ȼ۾ϸ⣬ôŽҲûǣ˿϶Ҫ
£ֻ¬ܳȥӲյĻôеһҽԺ϶ܵӵģͷôģ

ܳ쿭ȻһƵĵҺ쿭ȻͬǵԼļһʼ쵼ǿҪΪҽҰ
ʹöҪˣҲᣬҺҿҲͬ⣬⻹ôϰడʹ㿴̺ۣ쿭Ȼ¶ԼĴ򼡣
ҽҽԺΪйǿӰĵλ쿭ȻȻݷ˶ΣƵĿƳͳԱʶˣ֮ǰöΡ
Ȼŵ⣺ãֵܣȱ𼱣Ҫ˽ܰǽ⡣
ƵĿƳܳɾҽãУǷʲô£
ܳҲʵ˵ѾǸݻеƽƬӦĽ飬һ˲ο
ţܳ˵൱Ҷ˵ԼΪˣҪ󳳴֣ߣҵɣҵȻˡ
ҽֲҲʲôܹģѾڲϣ׿ڵ棬˵ΪתϼҽԺ֤ݵġ
ƵĿƳպǰҲǵģתҵλҲ˽˸ţȻ쿭ȻôͲ˰ҽ˵ˣ˵ǳҽҽԺֲǹڶҽԺ㲻ǿѰ
쿭ȻƳһܳɣ˵Ƴô˵ֲҶܿöô£ħרң˵ǲǹֻǸСϰա
˵ҽħרңʹ̣ǰ˷£ǿɲСǴרңҲȥ˭
ƳҸ˵ְʹߣߣҹʳѰ쿭ȻȻеˮƽȻܹ֪ôݡ
ֻרŽ̹ġ
ÿһּ󣬶ܻЯ֢ܶۺһ֣ʹȷ棬ҲǱû취ȥץסͿ͹Ķ
쿭Ȼ˵ţ͵ʵҵҲܼ򵥣ϣҽȷһ£ҪϢʹúܣҿ˰д仰飬¶
쿭ȻǶʱƣҪܳȥܳƨ뿪˳УĿĻûﵽɲ⡣
˲ͷʹһҽͿȰˣдڵļˣϾǰôأ
дһڵģҪҪ
ܳɲһҽԺ⽻ˣĿǰҽҽԺ֧ܳԮĹߵģȫģҪضԴ
һĪչʱ¬ͺŽ˶ϵˡ
˵˲һ
¬Ͻ˿ܳɵûˣҲһʣҽû°ɣ
ܳҡҡͷ¬ΣûأʵҲûʲô˼һˡ
ܳɿ˵ҲΣԼһȻûԼ飬㵽̶ֳȣһϣԼҵ̫ˣôӦ䡣
Ȼ쿭ȻҲеȫ·ƣǸ
ֲˣ֮ǰûôĽӴ
¬ûܳô°ÿô
ܳһ̶ϣ԰»رȥʱ쿭ȻЩƨ£˳ǴҶ̫ÿ
Žûܳɺѣֻǿ쿭Ȼ˵쿭Ȼô°ôҽֳأ
ʹô
Σ˵ۣôôͬڶöȥˣȻʹշתߣ쿭Ȼ¬Žɱ΢е飬ǣں¡
ֻ˵ܳзܹõϺͽ飬൱һ鳤ڵݼٽơ
ŽȻݺݵüͷ쿭Ȼ⸱ģ
ΪûҽԺ鷳ֻ˵Ǻ֢һ죬񾭹˵ˣǿҲһȺɧ
ҹ˾ҲδܹӮ쿭Ȼ˵̹רҵʿģҲ֪ĸɵơ
Ǹ쿭ȻҲ˵ʹԻʲôģȻʹҪȥϼҽԺﰡҪȥⰡ
ϴѧҽԺȥȥħҸõרҽڣʹôʹţҲǸ鰡ŽȰο
ͼþհɣֵܣʱԼˣҲҪг̶ȵģʿɶֹ
쿭ȻôûȥֻɳеʱˣˣˣҲʵˣ֪Լֻڳ֡
û˻ֻҪβҲû취
ԩͷծĿǰû˽ΪܳᣬԺһ£дܳɻͬ⣬ֵã
Ҿ˰ҽħרҽԺҲôдģҽԸҰ
ô죿ѵʹ͵Լ̲ס쿭Ȼʼҡ
˯Ҳ˯ãҲԲãҵӹһͿ˵ȥɣ״̬Ҳû취
ΣҸҽ˵˵ûæɣ쿭Ȼ˳ŸӾ
TMв̰Ĳ
ܳϵ˵Σ¬ΣҼʶǳܣ˵ʵΪʹѾԶԶҵ֪һǼԼĿֻܽ۲£Ȼݸپ
߾ȥϼҽԺ
Щ£ʵ˵ˣ϶ÿ쿭Ȼô֣ڣܳɲȥֻΪԼĽоǿܲٴ⡣
ɲǸôĹƨ¶쿭ȻҪһˣĥһĥʵˣܳȴˡ
Ž˵ͷһеĽ飺쿭Ȼ㿴òãȥҸ㿪µļ٣Ȼݸٶۺòã
ߣҸܼרңȥǱߣһºòã
쿭Ȼ㷴ʣΣҰ¼ʲôãҲ鷳ֱӿһ£ëüˣһأ϶ǽ˵ġ
αҶ鷳أӦҿ϶ʵʵģ˭鷳ҡ
һԸҽǸ쿭ȻӾ꣡
ܳԣɫһݣؿһɫͬѿŽĬĬ˳ȥ˱ƵſڣŽѹ
ͬʱ¬ˣҲǻرˡ
ҼбľŽ쿭ȻҵУ̫Ѳˣ˵ԼԺҲƵĲˣŽʱҲԼЦ
ȻƵˣǲģȻһ淢˳ͻŽıƱˣǾһˡ
Žѹ쿭Ȼ˵쿭ȻҸ㰡ҽϼҽԺרǲɵǳУǵҵģǵҽƷˮƽģ㲻Ҫ顣
һĸôҶѿκ˶ղ˳壬Ҳղ˳
쿭ȻĻˣMB˼ܳɱԺʿվţһһһû˰æֱһţͶݸλ˵Ļ嶼
ϣǹϣʵģֻǿԸԸôȥ߲
Σ治Ϊҽ⣬Ҫ˽
ҽͷٴҲڲ˻·ȥаɣĸרҺͽڣҲûô氡쿭Ȼһνļơ
ΣҲð취ǲʹˣǲźá
Žԣһ쿭Ȼ˵ģô֣ΪʲôҶ֪
쿭ȻʹˣΣɲ˵ܺߣʹġ
ֻǸˣ˲ʹҽд𣿡
ôأұͼأΣǲǺ·ʲôôΪ˵
ΣȻСϰգɲô۸
ŽԣЦ˵ͷУУ쿭ȻͼְɣҲ֪ô˵ˡҲҵҽʲô鷳ģôҲܲˡ


 ׿ν裡
Σ⻰ʲô˼Ϊڹҽ鷳ô쿭Ȼ֪֮ص
úܣҽͨҽֻΪи㣬ΪҲ磬вԼֻϣܹõһҽȻܸҡ
һвв͵ÿ쿭Ȼһҧס
ţ쿭ȻѹҪƿӵĻνĸ߸ҽԺ͸߸ɲ飬ܽ𣿡
쿭Ȼﻰ⣬޿֡
Žɫ͵һ䣬֪쿭Ȼڰָʲôѹ쿭Ȼ㵽Ҫô鰡Ѿôˣ˵֪㰡
˼·ѾΣҲôõΣһֱţǲǾ̫û˼˰
쿭ȻȴͲŽʲôΣɲô˵˵ûˣһܺúùûǲô
ڣΪ֮ǰ¹ʣ˲ĥԼϵʹмҲܾʹϵù۸ȻΪҪȡԼĺϷ棬ǻÿ񶼸еȨ棬Բԣ
쿭ȻƤЦﻰ⣬Ȼеʶ
ŽҲͲټȰ죬Ҫô죿ҽһǳǴƵҽظ𣿾ⳣдȥô
쿭ȻҡͷҽæģɲǱʲôҽǸҽԵ飬ȺڵѩġΣҪǲҽ࣬ҵæ£дһڵļҶ㡣
쿭ȻŽü˼Զ
ⲻܡŽҡͷΪŰ飬Բ
Ҿֻҽȥæˣҽͬ⣬ضͬġ쿭Ȼһ
Ž˵ҲܣǴ
ֲҽô֪ҽԸ⣿ѵҽҲ·ĺôһһ쿭Ȼ磬һǣǿᣬ˺ҧ
ŽҲͷν뷨Ȱο⣬ʵǲ֪ô죿Ҫ˵ȥ߷ɳ򣬴ҶҽԺ취⣬쿭ȻֱȽϼ򵥣ֻҽԺ˵Լ岻ʡ
ĵڹ̣Ž˲Ϊ
һͬ־͵ˣ쿭ȻҲǺ죬ᳵ·شкҲ֣ͬ־ңģû¡
ƺ쿭ȻҲϤ˵ǹܲţҽԺǹ㲻ܹӰҽƳת˿
쿭Ȼ˵Ȼһ㶼ѡһ
ҽ˵ɣô£һˣʼ¼һִ¼ǡ
쿭Ȼ˵͸ˣǵҵĲҽǴרңҪʼ䣬ҽ°ʱ䣬ҪҲҵĲԡ
һ仰ֱӰ鶪ܳɣ˾ܳڰףӴ
ô˵˻ͬģ쿭ȻǸ߷ˣ쿭Ȼǲ˸дˣ
Ҹ㽲ҽҪ鲡٣дΪҪΥҽԲ󶨣ȶԷôµĻвĲȡһ֣Υġ
֪֪вأֻ岻ʣ󣬿ɲֻҽô
ܱ˳еҽԺҲûܰҰ쿭Ȼ˿־档
Ȼ쿭ȻͺֱӣõǸǸ
쿭Ȼλͬ־뿪ʱ򣬶һ䣺ͬ־ҺţӰҽܹԼȨɣ
ϵĲʹҲܲ
˶û˵ʲô
ֻܳɣ̾һˣҲĵ˰˱Ӵù

־ʹɢˣŽǶܳɵǸҽʼĩ
ʵ֮ܳǰҲƵĲˣЩˣǱ̶˵ġʲôֶΣܳɻ˽治
ߺеˣܺôװɵ˺óйʵͷ÷
ҽ£žӣ쿭ȻҪһʱ䣬£ҲûһܺõĽ취
ʹ飬κο͹۵ļ飬û취֤ûʹԣŽ̾һ
вжȥӡ֤ýӺĻûʲô˿Խ
ܳҲû룬ȻﵽŽ˵ͷϣֻǣ;΢е̫˳
ص˼ܳɲûֱȥԷȴͷβһ½ﲡ˽ṹ
ʵҲУҲȻͲܳΪˡ
ֺҪγɳƵĻڳطγɹģҪҽԱȥͨǧٹֵĺҲȷеǿѡ
ǸӣҲܳɣܳɻܹôһ˼·ҪˣδؾʶʶҲû㹻ȥָ֧ߵĴڡ
ڶ㣬ܳɻ֣ڳУ󲿷˵Ըǿ֪ǴŸָģһЩˣҾܺã˾ǲԸ
Щ˵ĶŮأΪ˴ʮ꣬ͲҪˣúõػţðգҲ˵ǵʶԣֻ˵ʵ֪ĽṹǴƫ
һЩأԸ̫ǿˣһС⣬ܲܽʵܽܳɾܾˣСġ
⣬Ӧһʵͨ˶ʽĸı䣬һЩ֢״ܹƲӻ̵ġ
ν
ĿǰȫҽˮƽԣܹļָƲ֪νĴͳҽѧֲܹϣﵽȬˮ׼
ǣٴҽѧִ֪ԣҲоͨͳҽѧֶΣƺõĲˣӦĹܣȻǴһ̶ȵ½ģôͲñΪȬơ
࣬ʵڼǰĺСܹ飬൱ޡ
ܿܳˣƵУȻ鷿ԼõʱСʱ
ܳɻдʼǣͬʱȷ¬켴˵ļʹλ
ôô찡ֻܳȥ䣬ȡһƬڿС
΢еˣѾǽӽ˰˵ӡ
ˡû˵ʹ֣ȻͶܳЦ
ܳɿ˵㻹ûԷôæô
ܳ룬ʵذѽ˵Ļ龭˵һ¡
еˣҲ̫ˣû˹˱йϵɣ
ƺǳԵµ֪͵ߣⲻô
ԷĹϵܳɾ֪˼æйϵҲùܣͲҪ彲ˣ£ҾãûǱϿô򵥡
ңʲô飬ҪˣǿԼȥĻһûܰæ顣ʱ򣬾ȱ˴ľ顣
ҴȻһ²ʦǰҲƵĲˣʦͽˡ
ˣŪԼĹϵˣᾡԼй԰ڡ
ϵ֮һΪмһӣӦԼĴǰϵ֧㶼ˮ
ѵȹ̡
ֺͲֱӹͨʹ򽻵ʱ䲻Ǻܶ࣬Ҳʲô顣ҲԼ˼
ɣ
Ѿˣ·ˡûǲڼˣܳɲŰѻ£¸ϣĶԷճ
ǰԵ̫ȥˡ
밲Ҷ˵һ׶ܳɲųģľ֯һ飬ȻŲͨ˸̶ĵ绰
̶ԽԽˣܳɵĻ󣬺ǺЦСܰ飬ҲԵģĲˣʵѲġ
ӴѲˣڶûˡֻʱڳйôãҲվ뿪Ҷ֪
˵ˣĿĺܼ򵥡һЩˣǵ󣬸򵥣ȴѵġ
ҶԣһˣļǾģ߿һҽʱܹҵʮרҺͽڶҽȻأǲԸתȥط
ʱ򣬾Ͳܹκ©κһ㲻Ͻĵطܶʱ㣬ϣǣѲߣԽԶԽá
ȻôأҲûӦؼǹϵǿֲܳʱʱ̶̿Ҫڿﱸܼ尾̬ȶܵ¶
˵ףһƬֻһߡ̫ˡ̶п
̶仰ܳ˲Բ̶֪Ӹһ㡣
ǰסԺҽʦʱֻò̶ļܲˣʵΪΣܵѹȴԼûġ
˵װԼӹ󣬵ڣһ·̫˳ˣûӦľ顢ʱۻģ棬ҲȥӦѲߡ
ܳ룬ǱȽϳϿҵ̣ʦĲˣҪδأ
̶˵ողǽˣǳеһҽԺôȥ
︺㣬ֻǺĹУƹϵѣȥ
鷳£ҪԽԶԽãжĥԼҪȥˣãˡ
´ֱ˵ޣͬʱ̸ȫ졢ҽƱˣҶ֪ô£ϣҲ㡣
ܳԣüͷһ壺ʦһ˵أĺʹǾͲԽô
̶ڶԷĬ˺ܾá
ŵݣҲһ·ҲͬҵĻҲʲôᣬҽᣬѵǰÿ˶þƾ
ݿܲһҲ֪ô㽨飬ֻԼȥˡ
Ҷϵ绰ܳɵе㸴ӡ
ȷܳԼӵҽѧģȥܵȥÿһĲˡ
Լ⻹ǲ⣿
̶仰ͺԵһζ
ܳɳ˼һ̾һ
̶Ȼܼϣûôã˼ѡν裬ԼǱ˶ԼΪֹµѡ
Լ̫ˣʲôҽܹԼв˶Ƶþƾǲˣǽɡ
ӲΣǽ֮¡
²Լģ²ؼ߸߹ֱ³ԷԱһȫ⣡
ЩȻٺͰʱܳɵ̬΢˺ܶࡣ
ᣬҲǳһ֡

գΪգ˲٣ܳ͸ϵͷְ¬ȫԼͯε˶ǰ˿ҡ
ҸɫԵΪƣټٿųᡣ
ܳɽҲֻ΢ͣһ£ܳɾ󣬲˵Ǽ֮ǰĻⰡϵǸﲡˣĿǰȫ״̬ܲڻ̨ϣδ
ǣԺ쵼´ǣҪϧһд۵ذ˸ȻǹǿѾȺνңﶼˡ
ôˣǹǿƵĲ֣ǿôȥ뵽˵ĺȹ̡Ҫúһµġ
ܳԣüͷһ
Ǹʲô
Ҫϧһд۵İ˾Ȼ


 
ܳһֱףĹʱ䣬ͬС˵;籾һķչǽģȵһ֮һ֮
ͬһʱ̣ܻᷢ飬󣬶Һ߼ԣԡ
̨ܳɲ֪飬Ҳû֪ڳҽҽԺԣܳɲǸˣܹҪߵġ
ң¬˶ԣܳֻǶƽµġشѧ񣬲ĿԱҪΪνеΣҪͬͬ
ܳϸǵĽ⾿Ǹʲô
ˣСγײһĿǰˣߵˣƺЩǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ǲҪܣߣ˼Ｑȵλ˻ûҽҽԺͽӵҪ˾Ȼ
ʲôĹϵأ
¬δἰ֪ĿǰڳҽҽԺģһСӣʮ߰꣬˾֮һĿǰδ­û̫⣬ǻ֫ⶼҡ
ȻɱģѪܵ⣬ҲΪصġ
һȻһһг˸ּ¬̲סͶܳɣҽˣǰļ飬ҽʲô𣿡
ܳؿ¬һۣе֣˵¬Σ⼱﷢ʱûнҹȻǰζ̨Ҷ֪顣
ʱȴʲô
ѵҪ˵ǵһʱڣһı֫ԣڹôã˫֫ϡãѪ˨ֻܿ£
ܳɵĿ⣬ɨɨPPTЦ˵¬ΣҶĿǰԼԺʱ˵Ļ˽⡣
¬ҲǸˣ֪ܳɻ΢еԹԼ˼ҽҾһʣҲȥ
ҽԺļﲡ˵ҽǲóеģֻǵǰ˵ȷȽϸӣǿҲſչۡ
¬֮ǰһʣʵеС˼ģǾܳɶ˵֫Ҳ˵
ܳ˭ħרңԹίԱָԱٷ˲
˵û취Ҫ֫Ļǿ϶ûİʲô⣬ҽ¹ʵļô齨ļרţҲῼǵܳɵӣΪǿƽ
ҽ뷨Ļǿ˵˵ġ¬һܳϿҵ̬
¬̬ѯ֪ܳԼðףҲ͵¬ΣҸ˾ļﾭ鲻࣬Ǿʹԭԣʱ̫ҴѪ˨Ļô֫ĿǺСġ
ȻһжҪϻߵרƵȵȣ
Լ裬ʵʵع鵽ҽıλܳԼԼһء
ˣӢۣҲҪԼǰĴʲôʱ볡ġ
̶Ǿ仰˵úðǸ쿭ȻԼԼܸɶ
֮ҪѧϰҪոרҵ֪ʶܣҪҪѧڻͨ
ҲˣԼʱ䣬ѾǴõʱôԼͲҪٲȥˣҲҪʲô
ðѿغʱʱƣʼһлᣬǻҪġ
¬ûеõԼҪĴ𰸣΢еʧȻܳλشܳɵɣȥܳʲô
ҽܾҪˣ¼ҽչˣߣбȽҪļ룬Բ֪Ҫ㵽ʲôʱ򡣡
¼ȨȫΣͯΣǾĪʱ˰ɣ鷿귿Ȼȥɡ
¬ΪΣ󣬵Ȼؼʱ򣬴Ҳ¬˼˭ԽȨ˭Խ̯

ֻǣܳɵ˶ȥҺ¬򼸸ξһʱ
ȫ׿־˵¬Σҽ˼Ͳȴ˲⣬е㲻͵˸еƢ԰
꣬һֿ˵Ľǣ˲꣬ӳĴʱƣκпɳ֮
߲ܳ˵κƫԵĻôǾ͵ȫгеΡ
¬ЦЦ˵ˡҽһͱ쿭Ȼţ쿭Ȼûֵʲôô
ҲҲҽ뵽賿ԭ򰡣СܴԲҲԼԭ򡣡
ദ˵þԼԿ
¬ϸطһܹܳôᶨػؾ쿭Ȼ󣬻Ǿ֪ܳԼݣҲмʶģ֪²ؼ߸߹ܹ쿭ȻԼΪĸ֡
ôҲǸϺˣһܹ󷽳ԼţɲܵһӣǷ˶ԴȻпܾͰԼˡ
ȫ׿ֺͯ˶üȻҲǶ쿭ȻΪϤ
ǾҪСҽǳУֻƽ𣬻ˡ
ܹʱ򣬻ܱѵͷԣˣΪáͺñȳеһҽԺǸƣ񼴱ҲΪͷ۰ȫ׿־˸ӡ
ǳеһҽԺǿƵĴΣΪһСҽͷ۵飬ڳҲֵòС
飬ҽҽԺȻЧˣܳɣͷеԼϵƿضȣԶԶǸܱȵġ
¬͵£ҾͶҪ˰ɣѾǹȥʽˡ˵ǸƣѾ뿪˳УǻҪԼ⡣
죬۵ĽȻǽ֫λӦˣܹҵĸʾͺֻܵͣǲܷѡ
ȫ׿ֺͯĬ֣صص˵ͷ
һע˵ĽעҪģⲻܹҵģԼνͣ¡
ЩΥҽԭ͵ǰҽƣʵȴˡʵܹ־ΪתƵĻôͲϲˡ

ȥҵ·ϣǿٴθܳɽ顣Ҫǰ¬˵
ҽǸﲡˣʵ൱ӣ෢ʵٵѣθˣزشˣѪء
ΪЩ¬βûǴҽģȻΪҽúϢսҲ¬εĿ֮һЦͷСӡ
ܳĸпƮ
ʵˣûоȣһϣģӦòǳܹģܹ߮磬һЩơƵĴڣȻٰйȥ
˾ȹûѶȣƴһƴ֫Ҳûģܳɶġ
ţÿ˵ѡˣǲһġ
߮粻ʲôСҽܹ֮֮ȥܳҲͬˣҪǴ顢о͵УǱ¬ָȥ
ȻָɣҲǿԶһ˵ģǣʵ
֪ģΣ¬ε⣬Ҷףллǵ¡ܳЦŻء
ԼھȻʼѪҪǰΪԼû룬һʧ磬ܳǸθеġ
ڣȻûĸоֻп˵׽Ū
ҽõģҺ¬ΣλΣԺҽԺˣǱżΪϿҵл⣬ӭҽԺָͽѧġ
ԣǻᾡر֤ҽȨ棬ĸ档ɫ棬Զܳɵ⡣
ܳûٶ˵ֻǼѡԼ顣
ڿٵ̨һַ̨λԸµҲҪһ̨۵ַλָС
ܳҲӦˣȻַλϣԵģǣȴҲޣֻǿﵽ˹ܸλָܳ˼䣬ȻһЩ˵˼
ܳҲʾһΣѸλá
꣬ٴθпҽͬ˼·ͬ߼ͲָϵĹջǲһ
ҽļá
ллΣͨζϰ϶Ҳܹﵽڵˮƽġܳɵ
пҡҡͷҽʵǰҽԺҲһλҽģַλüã似λǰ֮ͻϼˡ
ΪĺǱ߷չϧǶûüַҾãҽַλһ㶼һλǰ
ܳԣһΣλǰϼ
ڶʡĻҲ̫Ҫȥ¬ΡȻ֪ôϸڣƵʱλǰͼݡ
ʱȻǲʿʵרҵҲޣӴҲ
ܳɾͰ£ʵλҽ̽һ£ͨڵ˵ģȴࡣ
ҽܳɵĽӴֲԣû취úõֽ̡
Ҳ࣬Ҷܼ򵥣ˣܳһʱ򣬾Ͱַλˡ
ٶȣٴͬʱͬܳҷߡ
һߵҽ۵˽⣬ʵеŰҴû뵽۵ƣȻûһСƵļơ
ܳɿ˿ãרҵܲΣ֮ϣͨδҲܽӽھͨ
ңҲرҲе츳ġ
Ǿ˵ΣǹǿƵĻǴ˵һ࣬׿˵⣬ѣҲ̫ѡ
ҪͨĹؼǲǵסǾҪԵˡ
Ҫллָܳʱ¬ȴһƵشӸ¥ߣ;
¬̧ͷ˿ֿ˿ܳɣϵҽ𣿡
ϽأΣˣҽʵһģȽÿһ̨ϸǰƽƬȽϡ
רѧϰġһ䣬ڸסԼЩƽƬݸ¬ٴУͼ
¬ɫɿ죬תܳһ¥ҽʵˣĲȴµˣĲ˼
ܳԣЦЦ˵¬ΣҲΪΪ˲ˡǶࡣ
ܳṵ̂Ҳû˵ԼɣҶΪ˷ôܻأ
ϽʣΣǸ󣿡
ûз˥ҲЧˡ̫ˡ
ң˵һˣֻһˣ
ǱȥĻƾ͡¬û˵ȥ
һܳһĶġ
УܳɺҲܶµûᣬ¬п˵ʵ߶Ǯ߶ٶܣӡ
ðɣȨĸĺˡܳҲŸп
˵һȥԷܳҲûѵ
˾ȥרһȼƧĵطûٽ¼ҽˡ
ڷУ¬ʵظܳɺ˽һ½ȲĻȻûо
ţ¬򻰷һתܳɣҽǸ쿭Ȼ飬ʲô뷨ûУ
ĵҹ쿭Ȼʹưոݣ
ܳЩû㶮¬ôʣ̽ʲôǣܳɵȴѾ˾¬ΣҼʶޣһ㣬ΪҲֻǾ£˵ʲô뷨
£ϲͱƣ˭ͱƣȡ쿭ȻÿûһˣܳɲᵱҲ뵱
쿭ȻʲôĻôȣ͵ٴھˣ쿭Ȼ巢˳̶ȵʹǼװģʵģ
ǰ٣ʵǺֵֵ̽Ļ⡣
쿭Ȼ飬ȫǵ;˵ܳɲܲţҲȫţƣʲôĵڵôֻѬģ
ܳɻϣ¬ûü˵ĵ绰ȴ¬ͨɫ͵һ䣬ȻܳͣҪȥҽԺһˣҽҽͻȥ
Ҫȥҽһˡ
ܳɺһ㶣Ҳû˵ʲôǸûˣۣԭ⣬Уλ֣Ҳǹؼ֣¬򵽵ܲùǿƻرΣ͵ÿ¬ôȥˡ


һʮ 
¬ͷ˵ҽʵ쿭Ȼ֮ô֣ԭġ
ܳɵͷû˵
쿭ȻǸԲУǱȻԭ򰡡
ʲôԭܳɶãȡ֣һܺõʽ
¬ܳ²ߣǰ쿭Ȼһп޵ˣ˵ҽʵģǰ쿭ȻһݣڳеһҽԺICUסԺ
̫ãһ죬ICUΣǵICUĲ˶סˣһˣҪתȥ˾Ͱ쿭Ȼݣתͨ
Ȼ󣬲Ź죬ٶ񻯡Ȼȥˡ
쿭ȻȻӦ鵽󣬲֪֮ԻתICUΪ˸һ쵼ļλã
ǵ֪쿭Ȼըë˰ʱֵð
ȻأҲ쿭ȻԼġ˾ҽҲܲµˣǳеһҽԺICUΡ
쿭Ȼ֮ô֣Էһֱ˵ʲôԭ򣬾Ϊԭ򡣡
ܳԣֳĬ
ǣȴеΪ쿭ȻҲΪǸICUΡ
Ҳ⣬ΪУҲҴֻΣĿȴһֱעܳɵı顣
԰ҽ쿭ȻˣһĻǻ΢һֻҪǵǾͺˡ
Ϊ°Ҳ˵öԴûġֻ˵ǣҽԴ൱ޡңӱȽϿ͹۵ĽǶȽʱеһҽԺĺΣ쿭ȻĸףICUת͹۵ָ꣬ǴﵽҪġ
ֻǲǧ򻯣ҽҲû취Ԥϵ׼
һˣȷҪICUļ໤Ҳʧȥ
¬ָܳɽ͸εϸ⡣
ܳȴֶһ䣺¬Σƣÿ˺ӰҲвһɣ
¬ҡͷǶǲ𰡡
Ǹʵ⡣
ܳʣǺǸΣôˣڻڹ𣿡
ҽǲĻɡ¬ѻָֹסˡ
ܳҲˣùľǸΣǱ쿭Ȼ鷳һҲûг˵ʲô
ѡģ͹ûģǣλҪġ
쿭Ȼ㲻һı󣬶ңֱܹȥҵģҲֻICUΣΪµģѡˣѡĸס
ʵ
˵ԼǵʱǸεĻԼôѡ
ûϴˣûλ֮ǰܳɾһֱֻסԺҽʦű˻ģĲˣϼȫ֮Ͷιġ
ǣڣܳѾô͵ȥѧᴦЩ⣬ȻУȴʵ⡣
¬ܳɻص˼
ǰʣҪʣܳҲ֪ʣֶòдڱʼǱ棬ܳɶۡ
Щ߲ǲݽҿġܳɡ
ܳɣҲֻܳɡ
ֱܳӰѱʸ۶ˣͰʼĥԼѧϰϵ
磬밲ʱܳҲû˵¡
£˵ҲֻðΪѣһӶرΪѣǾûбҪӴֻ档
ֻǣŸһ
ȨͻȻ˵绰ܳɾͶ԰˼䣬Ҷϡ
Ȩʱ绰
ܳɸ磬쿴˶𣿡Ȩɫ֣ʡ
ûУ˵£ûʱȥЩܳɻء
ȨһЦ£ûʲôѲɣǲΪǸˣ
ּңܳϲ
Ȩ˷ۣûʲôTMԼҲùˣֲʲôŮҶŮҲȤ
ǹ˾ڳеķֹ˾ˣʾңҪҪǰæҸؾˡܳɸ簡ҪҵƷðɣ
˵°ɣô£ܳúƤƤϹƱơ
Ȩ͵ڣʼˣ磬ϣͿʼ㷺Ĵǹ˾еװ˹۲ڣڹ̶еѵ¼
ĿǰȻڷУܳɸ磬˵Ҫ̹أǵٷһ
ܳԣĿһݣʣûڵǼϵͳеԴ˵˭
Ȼܳɸ磬ǰû˻Ԥϵ㾹Ȼôһ֡ҾڵȣǻǮѵȵȶˣȻ࣬ǹ˾ءȨЦ
۷棬ȨΪóģļ棬Ȩȴòܳɷ£Ԥ⡣
飬ԼȥذɣȨӣֻϣǿ֮󣬲Ҫ˳ģЩ׬ǮĿ֮һҲȫΪǮܳɸһ
ûȰȨѼˣǣкµԭܳһŲģȨıʱͽǮͷԣôܳҲʱȨԶ
Ȩȷ̫ˡ
ȻȨˣ·ӻǺģԼаܹԼˣԼãۣǺˡ
УⲻΪǮΪɶİɣܹôģͲܰʲôġ
ǲ֪ǰʱ䣬һˣΪ˸ǵеֱ¥ˣٷۣǵеûϣԼ֫ˡ
ЩˣΪǮ伫ģȨ
ܳԣ죬Ҳ
Ϊ˸͵ڹ̶е˱˵Ľ¥Ȼڹ̶еûϣû⣬ط֫ˣ
ⲻڷӡ֤
ֻǣΪǮ飬óܳɾãԼ̫߿ʱջΪǮʱʲô鶼óġ
ȨӣԼעⰲȫֻܳ˵
ȻҪǸ壬Щ£ǲɱģҵֶ֮ӣԶԼ󣬼Լȥ̳ĻܳɾԼ϶첻
ҽִԵļ棬ΪʺԼ
İɣܳɸ磬ǿܣ⼸죬ϿܻᱻһЩˮĵȴһ£ǧҪżҺǰͨ
ң壬Ŀǰڹ̶еѾӦøߴǧ֮࣬һĳ֣ǵģҲС¼Ҳʲô͵ϵ飬ûܹöˮ
ңǻǱ𴦣ȨǳԺ˵
ȨŹҶϵ绰Ȼ¬ξʹ绰ˣ΢е㲻̫Ծ
ҽţô°
ڲ棬Ĳˣ磬ʼĹܴҽ鷳ˣǸôͱȽϺð¬ûй˼е㼱
ܳ˵¬ΣͳְĶʣҲдǧ֮һļʣǼС¼е˼ǧ̨Ŷ˵һҲûбҪôżɣ
ֱóݣԼѡˡ
չҲȫƾԼԸǴͳڹ̶΢ڹ̶ֻƷʽһ֣ĿΪƣûвġ
¬˺󣬼æصҽҿû˼
Ҿһ䣬¶ҽӰ첻ã
ܳԣֻЦЦδ粵Щʲô
¬ʱ䣬绰ڿﰲˣѾǳͼ飬ͻԼá
û취飬ܳѲ
󲿷ߵǰ̸֪ͬ飬ûʲô⣬⣬Ҳڿɿصķڣ㲻ʲô
¬绰꣬Ҳ½һЩ绰ʾġ
Ϊܳɽӵ绰̫ãСҲˣϵش绰
ֻܳõԵ¼΢ţͰʼƵȻһƺ
ʦûʲôǹе⣬Ǿȥǧ֮һĸʣҲĳ֣ɶĶӰ졣
Ϊ£ʵĻܹǰԤϵգӿ͹۵ظ֪еԣҾøʵ̹ϡܳˣԹԪƽ˵
ԣЦǺǵ룬Ҿͷˣ벻
֮ҽѧ֮ôѣΪ˰ɿ̫ࡣûĹϵˣûκһֶ˶ϲԸϲġ
к£Īǰ̰ɣڳУôֹ⡣
ܳɾ˵ʦҾõģһЩʦҲرáллʦģϣûжʦʲôӰ졣
ԪƽǺһʦңôһˣ͹ڻ۷ʱڣѾˣЩССֶѡ
ʳǽ°
ԪƽֻǸܳ΢˵һ󣬾ûȥˡ
Ҷ˵绰ܳɵĵ绰ǽˡ
Ȼ԰˵ҸոڸԪƽʦ绰û̫ģңҸ㽲飬ԤϵģӦıʩ
ɴ۾˲֦״
ţǵԤʩʵҲǸŹѧģҲֻѧһ֣ͷİɣӣ֪ܿôˡ
ŶƵ˼
Ǿõ˾ڹ̶еǹ˾е⣬㲻Ұ֮ǰõĺúõģˣƵĳΣ뻼߹ͨ
ȫỼߵļƵƵġ
ô֪أˣôõģ⣬ڼСʵ¼е䰲ȫ̶ȣҲǾģûġ
ôô˵أ϶ûⰡ˶ĺúõģ㲻ҽԺչĵһ̨ҲԲһ̨
Ȼ϶е⣬һӹˡ
ﻰ˼ǣԼļû⣬⣬ǲԼùȻе˾أǵһ̨ҲԲһ̨

ܳɺͰʱϣ󲿷ֵý壬ʼ׷׵תһڹ̶еǷѣֶۻת
е۰ҲǸԲһ
һЩý壬ǸۣҲȥ˽ͱʣֻΪǡʲôǸġ
ˣܿͱѰ͵λá
ա
ܳٴ˿ʱ̾ͱܶΧ
ҽ쿴˵Ǹ΢еǴλ׳⣬ϰôأ
ǰҽĺ׶ôԼ켱ˡ
ܳɿ⼸ˣΪΣҲǣǶѾԸŹôˣĸоѵҪ˵𣿡
ʱһ֪ϴǸ˵ڹ̶еôϵģǣԼˣת飬ǲġ
еǹģп͹۵ݺݣǰûгֹѵ¹ʣȻҲųżѣҲҪġ
ʹõķΧڣǲġ
ѵϿһ򲻺õţǾͲעԼ㿴㣬ǣôԶⶼأͣ죬ôԶѾǷǳˡ
СѣҲµ˰ܳһһָǰʵĸˣȰ
ʵ˵ʵۺҥԡ
˼Կһۡ
ܳɲż˵ͳĸְ壬ҲڶѵĿԣֻǼʲһҷѵĸ򣬸вͬҲҪ̫ˡ
úýп̫ģңǳ˶ѵҲ˵ûа취ġֲʲô˸ְ壬ͻΣջɿƵķ档
ܳ˵꣬˲뿪
ǣҲڲ귿ڣȨĹ˾ٷһϢ
˾ڹ̶е֮ڲӦеǼϵͳϵͳϸؼ¼ţÿһְĳص㡢ڡת˵ص㼰Ӧõλ
У˾ĵǼϵͳУδҽԺ򣡱˾ٴϸ˲صλʹõν˾еš뱾˾ţڲһ¼ظ󡣡
ǹ˾ڹ̶еţԵģǸݳأڵĲͬвͬıţǵĵǼϵͳ֪ǲβ5еţҽԺν˾еβ7
⣬˾й˾ڲĵǼϵͳǵڹ̶еһα־ͨ˴Źɨãķα־ʲô˾ڴ˾ͲӲˡ
˾һҥߡҥߣ׷һзεȨ
һȻ󲨡
˵ڹϴصģ˵дϵģ˵ڹ˵ġ
ǧٹ֡
Ź˾žڴѹҵ
⻹ϴأҪе𰡣
¥ɷʰɣǱ˹˾еҪ˳еΣôȥɽῪԼȥأ
Բۣемٵİǲô֪Ǽ٣ϣйطϲ£
ռ¥Ȳۣ

ٷ淢ĵһʱ䣬򴫲ƵԼԭͼƬͱ¼ˡ
ͬʱĳؼҽԺһλΣ̶ȥ绰ˣϵı飬ǳ㤣ǿֲ
ô찡˾˵ǵеŲԣǻзα־
绰棬ΣֻṩеȫԼľû˵е˾ġ
һ˵ɵˣ⻰ʲô˼ǹ˾ҵң˵ҲӦеȻڶˣ˵ãǾͲˣ
Σٴ飬ٴ飬ǴڷյġԼܲ˷գ˭ܹ֤ٴһܳɹģ
Σİɣ·粨֮󣬹˾һ취ġֻڷͷ֮ϣô취Ҳ޼°˾ܹæ㲻Ҳǹ˾е绰ʰ

Ȼûеȵ绰ʱ򣬾ѾҽƺƵˣҵ
Σ棬дļڵҽԺӦΣҽԺƣѾ㹻ʱ䡣
Ҳϵ˾˾˵Ļ˵ģ̫һڣҽԺļίȥһˡ
ɫʱһף˫ŶЩ

ǹ˼СʱνĻڹ˾Ҳͨ档˵ǹ˾ڲĶٴ飬Ѿٴ
ٴصҪ󣬸㹻⳥ԼƵ⣬ȫȨ
˵е˾е⣬ǹ˾û˵ĻͬдҲǻڹ˾зеȨҥϢ
˾ķԼ򣬿϶ǲġ
ֻǣûǰԤϵ˾еǼϵͳеķαʶЩֲͷĻԹ˾ҵнϴӰ졣
ǼǻڳԼʧȻǶһӰ죬Ҫǻǲܵġ
ڹ˾ͨ˷ȷʽ׵ذ˳ȥԶﴫǹ˾û̫ԣǹ˾δκֻʽʾڹ̶е˾ڹ̶е
Ҳϼ޻
ôһȻڳҵڹ˾ĴѹȥҲʹ˾ڹһ
֪飬ʵûбҪô棬ҲΪ£ֱӰһ˾̤ңԷҲûôĻں©

ͬʱҽҽԺ
Щĵˣ˿̾Ϳʼ̸㿴Ҿ˵ǹԼ΢з΢ڹ̶еǺá
Ĺ˾죬Ҫˮռ̫гǵ⣬ǴҶ֪顣
Ա߻ûĲˣǾôһͽϣ˵ôûܳҽļǸˡ
ԶԶԣȻﲻޣҲ֪ô˹ġ
µʽеܹĲۣΪ׵ġ

ͬʱ磬˾ٴηͨ棡
ҥԵһЩʾ
˼ǣڷƵ¼ǹ˾ʱֹͣҵ񣬽егŬзԼ÷α־ùĻ߶ܹһʱʶǹ˾е
һƬ֪󣬿ҪڵҽԺλṩӦе˵Լеţҿͨ˾Ĺ֤ٵģͨٱڵ绰ٱʽ˾İæ
˾еҲƵ⣬ô˾ʱطã𵽵ס
Ȩǡһ
ܳɿ󣬻һЦ
ÿһ¶ĳ֣һǵһ϶УԼ۵Ļôһ˵ͱˡ
һΣѧϰĵǼϵͳͻȻ֣ǰб޻һΣ˻ʲôֶΣͿҪԼȥ취Ԥˡ
ķα־һ̶ϣܹ⣬ǣҲȫ⡣
һ˾ͨƷǰ֮ٻعгȻٵڹ̶еѵ˵ĻǾ鷳ˡ
ֻܳǰĲ²֪ȨȨԼŶȥͷˣܳҲûõİ취ˡ

֮ǰܳɺȻյԷƵѯʡ
֮ǰͷƽϵʽԼ΢š
ʦʣϴ˵ģۺʹˣǹһĻ⣬쵽۵ĸȥأ
ֻܽ仰Լ˷棬Ǽ⻵ǻԹǹؽ׵⣬仰أǷƵʡ
ܳɿ⣬˼ûŻش𣺡˵ۺʹ˷棬ܹۺʹһĻôǵģ
ѵƣôͰǾ仰͸ˣе㺧Ű
ܳԼ츳ǲߵģǰΪ˰Ѽǿ˺ܳʱ䰡
ƾͻ˵ʦôģҲ֪Բԡ
ͨȥ⣬۾ǹۣ˾Ǵˣһǹˣһ֯ȫ֯ˡ
붨ͬȴȫͬ۵ĴڣȻŴ˵Ĵڣǣ˵ͬʱᲢۡ
Ĺۣ϶֯ˣѪܡ񾭡⡢ĤˡĴˣǿûйʵȱµĹǵԺжϡ
ǣǹؽףôأһͨܳܳɸ߸Щ⡣
ܳɿ꣬ͷβһ£˵ƣܹ˵ļ⣬ǳ
ǹؽ׵ıʣǹԹؽף˼壬ʵǵĥԼؽڼ϶խǹǵһʽ
ؽڼ϶֮Իխ϶д˵Ĵڣάֹؽڼ϶֯ɳڻ֮Իݣؽ֮ԻΣûйۣʲôأ
ƺ츳̽⣬һ߮̽ĸоңһľǣܳĿǰľ磬ҪԶԶȷƸߵġ
ˣԾµȥָ͹䡣
ƺܿظʦҴ˼һһ⡣ǣʦӦָ˽Ǹڹ̶еѵ¼ɣ
Ҳʦڹ̶е¼ʼĩһ£ڹ̶еĶѣȥĴ˺͹أ
ּǹǿƵļ֮һֻǣֵ£ʲô
ܳɿ꣬˶Ĭ
ƣδҲ̫˰ɡ
ȫˣעţڹ̶е£״ڹ̶еĺ⣬ǣڷȴһѧϰİ
ڹ̶еĶѣܴܲӴ˺͹ȥ⣬Ⱑܳɻû취ƻش
ƣ⣬Լôأܳɷʷơ
ʦҵĿģܣĹۣ޷ӦõϣӦı䣬ԡ
ֻǣҲ֪⣬Ƕԣǲԡ̵̬ȣǼΪȷġ
ܳ˼ؿţƷЩϢǿ֪ʶǿʼⷽƵ˼ǻǾãƵ뷨㹻ȫ棬ǻǲرȫ棡
һõأĴʡ
Ǵһּһʱܹóġ
Ȼϵ֮ǰѧڵѯУ֪Ƶ츳һ㣬ܳɱţԼģĹУǰѷϵȥǸѧϰϵͳ
Ƿأ
֮ǰܳҲԹֻǣƵ츳ԣ߱ƹԣνȡ˹֮˹˵ãƻһȽϹؼء
˼·˵ԣҲ˵ԣӦı䣬䱾ʣǿԹΪ۵ġ֮ԻۣǹӦӦôͲǹ۵ġ
ע⵽ûУڹ̶е֮۵ıʣûзı䣬пɸĹۿԡ
Ӧ֧ĸԭͬҲһֵı֡
֮ԻӦǽṹṹԲʱûӦġܳɾ÷һ˼ˣ˾Ͷ˵˼䡣
ƹ˼ӣŸܳɻظллʦ裬ĺΪо΢۵ʦ
ллʦҾȲˡ
Ҳܲܳɻһ΢΢滺һ
ոգ죬ܳһ뷨˼·
ʱƺı棬û̫಻һģ䱾ʣǧ
˿ڹ̶еѵʱڿ֣Ϊףҵеˣǿǣĺ鷢Լϡ
ȨͨӽǣΰԼĹ˾ٴδȥһЩ
ԼڿĹУΪţ֪ͥŲ
Ԫƽǲ꣬ǿ͹۸ʡ
ǣ±󣬻᲻Ӱ䵽Լ
ƣѧѧϰ˼Ƿ˼
¬򣬿λ֣ΰѿﲡ˵Σóȥ
ܳ뵽Ǵ˶Ƶƽ̨ûҵصϢȻִ˻ڹ˾Ļĳ
֪ܳˣڹ˾棬ĲģΪת飬ȻΪԼ˾ƹ㡣
ǣûõˮȻƹԼ˾ڿչҵ񣬳ڹ̶енʧܣУ֪һЩ˾ڲܡ
˭
˭ûп
ǣܳɣڣԼеӽǺˣĶ
ҪݵĻô֮ǰγǸγܳ˵Ԫƽִʵ̻ǲͬĵ
֪ˣ
ܳ۾һȻִʿʼдʼǡ


һʮһ ʲô
Ȩܿ͸ܳɴ绰²ˣܳɸ磬ڹ˾ֱ̫Ҫˡɽˣôռˡ
ȨЩ߷߲ƽ
֪ܳ϶һ⣬ҲӴ⣬ֱӾʣôô˵
£չ鵽ףռƵĻ˾ڣһɧŶԡ
Ȩ˵ǻô˵ǸΣ̫̰£ڹ˾֮¼ͶԻû
ˣԻڹ˾ų²ߣ˼ǣˮøǸΡ
ǸΣҲȷеģӴˣʲô˶УĻһΣڹ˾ôãҲȦڻˡ
ܳȨ˵ȦڣָҽȦڹ˾ڳµ£θ׳ȥúܶ˼ɵǸνΣеһǾͲųκ˳ΪڶΡ
ԼȥʲôֵҪĻµʾͱˣ
ͱָܳӴȽϹһЩ˶ŵҲһЩ
ܳɾ˵Ȩӣ£ҲֵѧϰԺĹ˾ҲҪЩҾͲ˵ʲôˣЩ϶ܹҵרҵˡ
¹˾Ҫչͱڷ棬Ҫܵ⣬ķģټгľΪȷġ
ҪĲ˶ԣȻа취ܹȥõԼҪõĶͨĲ˶ԣϣģֻǰѲκãǮ٣ڡ
һζƹ㣬ƽ⣬ʱûѡʱǾһ̶ȵ¢ˣΪ
ͨ侲˼ܳٻԼСппλڹ̶Ǻõģûһ̶ϣʩչҪļ̱Ƚǿ
ң˵һЩ˶ԣľ΢ʵһЩ˵УֻҪԼļõƣҪν΢
֮ģ˽֮ܶҲΪ˱鷳ΪıȽСνۡ
Σȴҡ
ڣܳɲ˽⣬ⲻҪٴ仰ĸεĻˡ
һµĶһֱȽϺõʽԼĺáδؾʺ˵ģ˵õʽҪռȴҲǶʱڣܹ顣
ңȨڵĹ˾ֻҪܼ£ΪһֲṩӦķ񣬷ǻԴ
֪ģܳɸ硣
˵ˣʽƹ͹ģൽҲͣˣѾ˿ʼ̸ˡ
ǽҪľǣתưܳɸ磬ҪһĿ˼·Ļø˵ҵĲүȨƤЦ
ѾģҵүԼö졣ˣдʼȥˡֱܳӰȨ򷢡
ˣ˭дռǣһΣȨʡ
ֱܳӹҶ˵绰ȫȨ绰δĚG
Ȼܳٴη˼µʱٴΰԼӽǸøһ㡣
Ȩոյ绰˵Ѿ̸ˣʲô˼϶ΪȨڹ˾ĶӰ쵽˸ľ˰
Ϊأ
ܳɾͳţӸߵҰȥ⡣
ʵҽõҽԴõҽԺкõҽˣϵ£֪顣
ǣΪʲôһõҽԺõҽڴأ
ֻΪĴ͹ʩһЩô
չǱν϶ԭһ֣ȫ
ˣж٣
ʮڣĿǰ֡
£÷ֲṹ
˵ҽԺֲڴУǸ壬һһƫԶλãɽ档
ǣΧľֲ䷶Χڵ˵ģҰģҽҽ򵥣ˣͿˡ
ǣܹеҵʵҵȵĻʵŹôҪЩȻһЩƫԶĲˣɽˮѸԴ
ԣľۼõҽԴĹ̶ȼڴУһ̶ϣĲƽ⣬ҲǣĿǰҽԴķֲ״̬
ʮһ仰Эϣ³ͬá
ƣ֮ǰͬȻбЭɽȻͬһ֦㣬ߣȴ³ҽѧԺΪţˡ
еģǹҵĶҽԴ磬Ų
ڣһ໹С
ǣڴζһвûˣ
ô˵ǹЩҽԺרҺͽڣҲܳΣѧȺܶ࣬˼רҺͽڲܶ࣡
ңǵǱȽ϶ġ
ķֲ£ôҪʲô϶ٴηֲ㣬һˣȥ׷ʵɽ壬չȫѧԱҽߣͬ
ǻһˣȻҪĿĲһŬͷܶǾǰѴζ⣬Ǵδζ˲ţ󣬲³ؼҽԺ
˵ܹѵؼҽԺٴδͬһṹĴζҽԺӵкܶרҺͽڵʱôҪҪ򵥺ܶࡣ
Ȼţ˼ſھܿپˣңˮƽҲˡ
ĿǰռĿ
زǰ
ܳɼĦһΣ֮ԻܳУ߮еĿġ
ҽƵķչͬھ÷չģʽȵĻ˼·϶ǶԵġ
ǣҽϵͳȻǲͬھϵģҪôȥȵĻִ⣬Ǿ
ĹҽԺǷӯʵĻ
ţܳɷԼ΢еƮˣôʼȥĦЩˡ˼˺һܳɻһԼǰĴ
ԼΪβȥЩأ
ֻȥĦֻȥԹֻۣȥ룬ֻȥͨ͸ܹҵԼ׼ĶλԼ󻯳
һҪ⡣
ҪʲôԼʲôҪʲô⣬һܴ⡣
ԼܹĻôԼԼ뷨кܴңԼܹ׵ĻԺԼѵʱȥͽ⣬Īôġ
⣬ܳδܹҵ˭̡
γУԪƽҲУӸλҪ˼ǸóеǱȻҪѻҽƽ磬Ķȥ⣬ҪŵģǽҶԻҽƳΡ
Ǵ컪ҽϵѧϵǽѧġ
̶У̶ҪеǰԼĶλȶλãҪȥѧҽԺѽѧãԼˮƽѧѧ
߮ҲУ߮磬ĿǰĶλܳɲ֪ԼԼζλ߮Ҳ˼⣬δܹرͨ͸
λҲδܹȽϺõָ㡣
ľ棬ܴҰܹ㣬רҵҵԱϸԵ⣬ǵҽȥ֡
ƲУֲУҲУҲС
ܳԼߵ˶һһ󣬵óĽǣԼҲ޷ԼȽϺõָ㡣
ôʱõʦܾҪȥӲˡӹ֮еĽӴˡ
ⲻһָԵ⣬һģзΧխ⡣
⣬ҲûһĿָ
Եģһּ򵥵Ĳ䲡򡢲ԭ򣬷ḻƴʩܹõġ

ļʱܳһȻҲûԼڷѡֵݣȥ¬¬֡
ɰ¬ŵãܳһֱû˵Ҳ˵¬ϺƵҩѡ񵽵׶Բԡ
ͬģܳɻŽΣ˸绰ҪεĹУܳͬΪԹߣһԲҲϡ
Žû£ֻÿ˵ϺƣധĦһ¡
˸Ž¬ܳɻһڵ
ڼ䣬ܳɹĻǱȽϳʵģΪˣĬĬڶǰﻼߵļ϶ʱ򣬿Բοϣ͸Ӷˡ
ûȥؽԼ˶ҽѧĲֻ֣ڴˡ
ܳɷ֣ƾģ࣬һȡڹ̶ģһǣ¼ҽԺתģûãʹȺ֢ġ
࣬ģһЩ˶ˣǶ෢ȾĲˣȾѿƵġ
ڿĹУ¬ҲʹܳɣЩȾԿƵĲ׸ô죬֪ܳô죬Ҳûش𣬸û飬ȻԹۡ
Ϊֻ£Ϊʵġ
ֺ˼ĴṹĩŽεְܳɡ߮硢˾۵һ
Ž˵߮磬СҽҽҼλأҪϣܹһȽϾĴʩҾãĿǰǵؼҽԺ棡
һЩˣԸǺǿңʵܶಡ˵Ĳ࣬ǵָģҩҲãҩҲã϶ǺѽƵġ
ЩˣһѵǮ˸ҩбƷǮˣȴһЧûУǶȴǼɻĪ
ʵܹЩǮĻѾԻָˣ
ҾãǿɲһЩȽϺõĴʩ˵ŻһЩеһЩԲ裬ͨ΢ʽﵽƻӻ߲̽չĿġ
ŽĻ߮û˵ȴüͷΣ˼ܹףϣ˶ҽѧʹƽ
ֻвĴƵļܹ˶ҽѧֶȥﵽӻ̵Ŀġ
Ǽ򻯵ĲʵϸϣҲһ̶֣ܹȵĲԣҲɣʡ
һšΪӻ̵ֶΣšҲ
ܹͨ˵˼׼㻹ֱӰѲ˼׼ͨ
Ž˵ܹҪһһġһЩˣϵĶƵˣֻܾҪΪǮ
ȫûȥǣܹԼʲôʲô⡣
Ȼ󣬻һˣԽһ⡣ҲһЩˣǱȽŴͳ;üǧ۵ĻȻҪִҽѧķչ̸
棬ҲۣģνЩۣǵ˴ͳҽѧҽƺõģʲôĹϣҶ֪ɣ
һˣһ̣ÿ껨ڴͳҽѧϵҩãǧʮ꣬ûһ
Žô˵˶Ĭ
ЩʵҶףǲһ˶װͳҽѧһЩҽѧǺģǴ֣ʱļۡ
ûִҽѧԸ߶һ¡
ڣѾвִҽѧĴҵߣĿ˴ͳҽѧȥЩ
Ҳо仰˵úð͹۴ڣ־תƵġ
ۡԹؽףǿ͹۵ģʵʴڵΪʱߣµĹؽĥҪͨҩȥתĿǰҽˮƽⲻ˵ġҲǲʵֵġ
νĸָҩѵҾûӹ
ֻûðֻΪ֢״ã֢״ǽʱ򣬲Լ㲻ͨԭֻãʹ˾ͺˣʵϣʹֻǱ֣ڵһЩ̣ûתġ
ʹֹסʱǾǵĩˡ
Ҳ˵ҩûνĸõģǣܳɶԣ٣Ϊֺȴҩȳθģôȥ˵أ
ľݱҩҩʵʽһ֣ҩһ֣ûҪ񻰣ҲûҪͣ
Σ뷨ǱȽϺõģҲȽͬ⡣ʵʩḶ́ǱȽѵģҪôʽ֮һУܹﵽƻӻ̽չĿġ
Ǻȥġ
ͱ˵ؽף˵ǴƵһЩ˵ףȥע䣬ȥƣʵֻα겻α
ңһֽĤ׵Ĳˣ̱Եģһʱ֢״ͻʧǲˡ
˵Ĥ׽չˣôͻǼƻǵήˡܳҲԼ֪ʶһ顣
һЩ˵ľҽԣܳʵҲͬģû취ÿ˶ѡԼƷʽȨõģδؾʵġ
һֲˣǲԸͨ⣬㲻ȥȣֻǽ飬ǴĽ飬ܹýˣˣȥˣҲûõġ
ҪȫĻǺʵʩͿչÿġ
ܳҲ˼ôһ⣬ǾνЩԸͨҪﵽ֢״Ŀ˵
ãȻûرõİ취ܹзȽϺõģܹת̵ЩҩĻɸΪ֮
ŽָһЩ飬Ƕܳɺ߮һһˡ
뷨Ȼãб׶ˣ˵飬ϥؽڻŹؽڵ⣬ܽ
Ҳδء
˵飬÷գⲿ־ֲڵʹǣʹֻǽӦ֢״Ӧڵĸо񾭱Իûʹоѡ
ʹȻڣҲα겻αĲ֢ٵ
ֱ磬˵ͨϥؽڵע䲣ƣؽ׵Ľչ⣬ʵͱˣѾˣֻйڻڼһ
ָϣȻѹؽע䲣ƣΪƵķ֮һ
Ѿео˵ˣʵǰοЧӦûãΪʱʹ˹ؽĥӣ˲̵Ľչ

һεۣȻûȷķʽǣǱȽϺõһջˡ
ܳҲóŽΣأҪµˡ
ۻ߮绹ܳȥеֳһˣ˵һ棬߮ʫһڸܳͶι
ⲻܳŶ߮ʫǴΡ
һЦòУһ
ܳǴԹŮ
궫ݵ˵ϣܳɾͽ˵ԼҪȥɽˡ
ֻǣܳɶûɽȻǽӵ¬εĵ绰
ܳԥһ£ǽͨˡ
¬Ρ
ҽҽԺ𣿡¬ʣ΢еż
ܳɻص¬ΣҲҽԺڿߺ档ҿԻ
ܳǿǲ뱻Ű˰߮磬ֱˣǰҲ˵ʫ굽ˣȻƨ
¬ܰຣ֮ð
ҽһߣӵһѲĲǼҪ˫֫֫ˡ¬Ȼȣȶ
֮ܳãຣ
߮˸绰Ҫˡ
ſڵʱ߮磬ҲǴʫˡ
ãûˣӵ˵绰Ҳ绰ˣ˵ȥҽԺæˣòǲ˵ͷС
ͬˣֵܳؿ˿߮硣
ͬ˰ܳɣȻҵ㲻Ҫҵרҵרҵðɣ߮緭˷ۣ΢е
ʫ꣬ȴ򳵻ȥɣҺܳһߡ߮ʫ˵
ʫ굹Ҳ£Ȼ˵㣬ҲûᣬԼгˡ
ڳϣ߮ܳɣˣʲôԼ֪𣿡
¬ֻ˵˫֫֫ʲôҾͲˡܳҡҡͷ
Σ湻ӵģκôҽˣˣ֫෢Ѫ˨иѪѣѪѹΪȶ
ҹȥܴܲһѪܵ⡣߮п
ʲô¶һǿҽѪתơ
ܳɺ棺Ѫƣʲô
еһҽԺѪƵΣȥҲƴǣȻҽԺѪƵλ磬Ҳʶ
Ǵߣûʲôģǰ͵أҴȥѪ˿߮ε˵

һ·²ţ˾͵ҽԺſڡ
߮³֮ͬһأͿˣܳɺ޷ش³ܵʱȴǱ˸סˡ
СҽСҽҵˡˣ쿭Ȼ˫ֺģץסܳɵļȻʹ
ҽ쿭Ȼץסܳɲš
ܳɹһۣ쿭ȻſңҪȥңʲô⣬鷳쵽ҵ𣿡
ܳڿûжʱ䣬ﵢ飬вδ
ҽģģþȾңֿ֣ʼʹˣϸڣǿļֻһڣְʹòС
רڼ㰡ҽҿɣ쿭Ȼһϵס
ҽԺſ˲٣׷Ŀ˺ָָ㡣
ܳһ쿭ȻǸô˦һ쿭ȻȥƹҸţ飬ȥ㣬ô
ұ֤ҿ϶ġ
ʵֱӰ˾ͺˡ
ͬʱ¬ĵ绰ֵˣܿҽˣҪҪ㰡
¬ΣҽԺſڣ쿭Ȼܳʵ档
¬ԣɫ͵һ䡣
ҽҡȻҶϵ绰
ܳɹҶϵ绰쿭ȻȻ˵ҽģһȥƺòãò˶õģ֪ҽԺ˼飬ֱܹӿƬӵĽġ
쿭Ȼסܳɲš
ܳҪѣ쿭Ȼ˾ͬ˵ϣ󺰴֣ܳɶٶ
ˣ쿭ȻҲֻ˵ҽĲˣϸھ͹ҹŵģǱңֱ͹ˣҪǰŪˣҪȫ𰡡
⻰ŵ˱ǣǻ쿭Ȼú˵
¬ܿ쵽ˣ쿭ȻȻ塣
¬ΣҲ£ԺҲ£Ҿֻҽû˼ҽˡ쿭Ȼôܳɣſ˭ûá
ʵ֮£¬ֻѡ˱
ȵʱ쿭Ȼ˵ˣҽģǶң۸ǲˣ㿴ҵı
쿭ȻԼ˻ҵıģ쿴
ܳɺ¬򶼿ˣҲΰˣ˵ֻܴȥ鰡
¬ܳɶ˵ͬ־ģڻмܲٻܵ鰡
ʵҽϻģȻ𡣡
ϣ⡣
쿭Ȼ˵¬ΣǲɣֻǴˣ˻ϣҪܡͬ־ǿɵΪ
㿴ⱳұ־ʹڿˡ
¬ܳɣôģˡ
ǵ¬ܳɾԣһȺ˾ȥ˱ƣѼؼ¼һ飬Ȼ쿭ȻĶ۵ס
ֻǣ쿭ȻȻ˵ֻҽûңܸܵ㿴ڵϹŵʱ򡣡
ڿ˼ɰ˼Ҹ
˵ҽ첻ϰ࣬ⲻǹҹ𣿡ɲ쿭Ȼϻ;棺Ҹ㰡Ҳҽ¬ҽ׷ΣĻ
ľ滹û˵꣬쿭ȻͺȻֱȥˣȻԼ˴绰
˾ˣˣˣҲæ
Ȼ쿭Ȼֱӿ绰棬һλͬ־⵽ô°ԼҲXX־ֵĹԱֶӡ
Բۡ
⻰⼸죬ҲҴˣ˵Ƕһȥһ˰ɡ
˾ҵڲģ˵Ҫƫ϶õ
¬˵ͬ־ͬ־мܲܣ٣
мûӶŹ˵ǴˣĿǰƵ֤ûв붷ŹǲԩǣҲ϶ỹһ׵ġ
¬ܳɣֻܱˡ
¬ֻܴ˸绰ȥ
Ӻܳɺ¬ϳã
ֵĳԭصͷܳɺ¬ҽԺִͣڵˣǶݺݵص쿭Ȼۡ
ֻǣܳɺ¬ŵҽԺſڵʱ׼³ʱ쿭Ȼɱˣͬ־˵֮ԻͻԵɡ
쿭ȻݣȴϿ鶼ûǾôͻǲǽˣ˵Ļǿ԰æ
ˣӦʽļǵ⻹զġ
һȺˣʱͽ
ʮӺ󣬵쿭Ȼӵ绰˵ˣסˣ˫֫Ѿ֫ʱ¬˶ƣ˵ͬ־ڿԸǻȥ飬ߵѾˡ
˽֫ˣѾû취ˡ
ȻǰСʱʼĩŪˣ쿭ȻҲǶܳɺ¬Ǹ
ֻǣɱҪ쿭Ȼʱ
쿭Ȼȴվ˳ֳôĿҪ˭Ҫˣһ£
ˣˣɫ͵һ䡣
ֳǹҽˣڹɱˣжֳˣס
ҽҽԺִԱ첻ֵࡣŶȥʱ䣬ǵβˣ
ô˵ҽԺûҽȥ£ҽԺŰΰǵһʮĸСʱҽԺִڰ
鷢ҽԺſڣǹϣҽĲˣôҽҲֻƲԣԸеһк
ҽĿʱ䣬ʱ䡣Ͱչشɣ

һ־綼쿭Ȼٴθܳɵ˸ǸȻͱ˾˴ˣûĴ
쿭ȻûдˣûνĹ
쿭ȻܳɾͲҽҽԺְԱҲûгеͼְĩĩǷǹʱ䡣
ڻȥ·ϣܳɳĬţһԲ
¬ͽ͵ҽˡǸ쿭Ȼйڵģ쿭Ȼǹס㣬ҵġЩˣڲ
~ô¬ҲߵòС
ܳȻû⣬ֻǻ˵˵ʱ㣬Ǽӣ
쿭ȻסǲýҽԺ־쿭ȻĿܳˡ
ڣˣ֮쿭Ȼľ˾ˣˣΪʲôܳҲúܡ
ˣѾȥ˺ܳʱˣ֫ѾˡֻһʮСﰡʲô¬ûػֻǺݺݵش˴۾
ȻҰοҲҽǰˣҲⲻ˵̫ˡ


һʮ 漣ûо֮˵
¬Σļңܳɲδӹ¬Ļ͸пҲû̫飬ûйķŭҲûкס
12䣬ҽ
¬תͷƣڹǿƵ⣬ѾˡҲøϻȥһˣͲ˵ļúýһ¡
֫ȻˣΪ˱õ˼֪ͬ⣬ǲ֮󣬻Ҫȥġ
ҽһ߰ɡ
ܳҲû˵ʲôȻҲûˣ˾ֱҽҽԺȥ
ͬʱ⡣
һλװӣһͨ绰ذĵ绰סȱѪ֮£ָָɫɺϣȻٱò԰ޱȡ
Աߣһ˫Ŀͨ죬˿ؽҧѡ
˺һӿ˿ʱ䣬Ȼ˵ҵȥλһˣһЩҪ飬û
ڸԼŽ͡
ԣƫͷɫ˻ƣ㵽ҪæʲôʱŮѾ֫ˣ㻹ֻ֪ﵽ׻ûң
סԺʱ㲻ܣŮô󳵻Ҳܣ
ǲֻ֪Ĺ
ӣԣٲ΢΢˲
ֻҵĿʱȥܣҲû취鲻ôʱ䣬ڻнҪ
Щ꣬ˡзˣ˵꣬۾ȻԥҽԺȥ
Ҳûõ׷ȥ뿪˴ʮӺ
˸绰ȥɣӣʵܹˡŮҵȫ㲻Ұڱӣң㲻ɡ
˵ŮҶǣһܴķƶĿΪܵˣұõ
æ꣬ٹŮ㲻Ҫ嶯ˣǳ侲ֻڽ⣬ûдκε
ҲҪ嶯ʲôʱ嶯ˣŮΪ㣬˰Ѿҽſڣƨҷһ㻹ǲǸˣŮ˵΢е㱬ˡ
üͷݺһ壬ס˶ͷ쿭Ȼ˲֪ô£㻹֪ܲ
ϴΣͻԹҪ໤ȥ˳еһҽԺǱߵֻܿճһŴҲ֪˭ˡ
и߸ɲҲICUģпմԤˣ£ô˵쿭ȻļֲͥǷ֮ԳѹҪôֵ֣û𣿡
оʵʱ򣬾ͽһһТǼ£Ͳ
ǺŮʲôϵĸŮױˡ
ֻǸӣֺʲôϵǸ˰
һȻټ侲Ů֫뷽ʲôϵ¬οҽס𣿻¬θסˣ
ҽҽԺǲǳ¬ΣǸҽ⣬Ϳȥˣ
ҵëΪһӲ𣿡
һ㣬Ǹ쿭Ȼ֮Բڣһ̶ϣҲڿϣû֣ѾǸˡ
£кޣǱȻģŻֶΡҪģô죿ܲźۼİɱ˻ǹ
Ϊ˭Ƿᣡ
ΪҲǸ𣿵Ǽôˣܹ֤Ů֮ܵ˺λֻһ⡣
λֻ쿭Ȼľ˾ˣ´أأأЩûУ
ң֮Ҳ쿭ȻΪ쿭Ȼһڳ裬Ϊ˱
˶ڹڱ侲˲У׺Ҫԡ
ͬʱ绰һͷ޵ѾЩˣǽڣȥʱԼŮԺܾûˣֲܻˡ
Ҳܾһ
侲һ£黹û󣬻öۣŮĲ飬ȻȻ취
쿭ȻǱߣһѼϸڣһεĳǲ⣬ҷκɵ㣬쿭ȻܵĴ֣Ӳ
⣬һ׵ŭ𡣡
ԼˣŮȻһʱҪ㣬һʱҪԶҪܻẦ¡
һᾡϻһûϻʱϣܹҪµ˵꣬Żһ
гֱȥĵط𣿡
ţȰѻῪꡣȻѽӴá
Сˣ죬ǸˣҰ׼һĳҴ㿪ȥԼһ¡һ顣Լ˾
С͵ز˸ɲ
ŮˣȥԼΣ飿
ţƺ뵽ʲôҿڡ
ǵ¡ѱƤϣر˫Ŀ

ͬʱܳɺ¬ˣҲǵ
̨ϣ߮һ˿ѲػʿҪŸָеߵظĳܡƢһţƫдȻ¶˵Ұ
֫ˣŶӶŽ֫жˣ򱡼⣬ĥƽŹǵĲжˡ
̨ԣ̨ƵĴѭ豸תš
ͬʱܳɻ͸豸ڻתš
״¬һˣǿͯΣʲô
ܳɨһȦ֮󣬾ͳţϴ˸֣Ѳظ·
Ѳػʿ͸ߴˣڣܳȴͻȻҪ̨
߮翴ܳһۣû˵
Ȼ󣬹ǿơƣԼƵŶӣǺؿܳһۡ
գ̨ϵһ˵ҽ·
õģΡѲػʿ϶ڵǹǿƵĴΣΣӻҪġ
ܳɴ·˫޾׺߮磬˵߮磬ߵô
ܳʵҲģһЩ߮ļܣǿ϶û߮ڻͨѾˣ߮紦˼˿ڣڽоֲķϴ
һĤ˺ѣƵðѪû
ԣ״̬ҸսʱһЩˣܱܲס˵ңڣߵͷѪףûüеһҽԺ߸ϡ
֮ǰ˫֫˨Ļʻµңļȷѻֻܽ֫ˣЩ߮һĶãһߺܳɽһ·ȫӰ졣
Ǿͺã
ܳɵ˵ͷƣʲôϣ𣿡
ã­ѪֻǸȽСӲĤѪףų­ˣרҵûȥ
ƵķβˣҲڣѪҺѭڽиػѭ£ǳŲȥĻǾû취ˡ
­ڵ⣬ĿǰӦûãȻĿǰڻ״̬Ѫģݿ˹ϵѪָһЩѪѹҲȶ߮ͣڼ䣬ѾǷϺһڡ
ͬʱ߮˵ȱѪʱ䲻̫ãʧȥԣѪܵʱת˰ɡ
߮רҵ֮ǰΪ˱֤ѪȹӦԷεȲλԾͰˣڻѪ˨ԣİһתˣʱָڵѪҺӦȻٿ
ܳɼ߮æţ˿̣ѾȽĵ㣬޲ٹܽ׶ΣҲһ
㴦ߣҰѽֲ֫ȥ
߮ԣ㶣Ķסˣƫתͷ
ͬʱڴ֫ж˵ǿŶӣ±
Ϊ˱סߵѽ֫ˣܳ˵ɶҪѽֲ֫ȥ
ҵĴ磬֣ܲܲ
Ǻܱİ
ңѾ֫壬ǻָܹԣ񾭻ãⲻǿѶô
ܳɼ˷ӦһȻ룬ڵָԱĳҽҽԺʲô¼ҽ
ӵеȼʽȨڽڹǿƴεȨˣܳҲʲô
˵ʧѪʱʱߵĶԱ֤ҪٵѪˣʹöѪ·ֲڽա
Ϊֽ֫ϴΧȡ֫ĴʩʹѪҺѭҲǼȴʩһ֣ûʲô
ߵȶٰ֮Ѷֲֻ֫ǻָԭеΣڻߵ۳̶ȶԣҲǱȽ֫õġ
¬ͷƤˣȻ󲻵òֹͯεĽ̸߹Ⱥʹιδ˸кȻæ˵ΣҽǿĿǰָԱۺͲˮƽʵǲҽȥ˫֫Ĳԡ
ľ
йεˣĿ㶣֪ܳɵͷһ㰡ҲָԱݣĻ¬˵⻰Ҳˣʲô
Լˣ
ܳ˵Ƕ֪֫Ѫ˨Ѫ˨ͨ֯ѪҺڵĴл¹עѪҺѭᵼ²ѪͨעԵˣ˵ıʾǡ
лǻϸϵͳķμȣǿĸأԵ
£ǺΣյ顣õѪҺ͸ǵĻͿһ̶ϵر⡣
ܹ֫ľУͬʱ͸ʹѪҺĹУεĴлĻôͿԺ̶ܴȵرġ
ǲҪС͸ȫѪҺ͸ҲǼСʱ飬ǵĲĿǰҪȫѪҺ͸ˣǾһĿԵġ
⣬ãķĴ󣬾Ͳ֪ߵļǷԸеã
͸һΣþͲͣ˼·ȫͲΪͨ˶׼ġ
û취ܳŭ
Ĳ쿭Ȼˣ쿭ȻȻڲȥ˵ƵȨ
ܳɾԽܵġ
գܳԼûȥ쿭ȻʲôԣǣҪ쿭Ȼ˵Ŀģﲻ
԰쿭ȻסΪСأֲ֫˶ģܻܿҪֱgg˼ܴ
ܳɿ϶ⰡСǰֱˣǺȵĿԣôֻ˵졣
ǼȻңСȶţôֻ˵СܹܳȥһС
ȻܳɽȷµӣɹλԥҽǲǷе̫ˣ
ܳɻûػ߮ƢˣΣ÷Щ̫ߵĻһȥϢɣˣټ֣Ͳ鷳ˡ
һȥ˯
߮⻰˿ûӣ˼ԣ÷մһʼͱҽֱûˣеķնûˡ
ֱȥ˼̸
һ˰ˣְֲ˵der
εɫһ粻
Ҳû˵ʲô߮Խ֮󣬾һһѻߵȶͱ£ǴĿõġ
߮ô²ۣҶûƢȻĻûҪˣ˶ûˣƨ
ܳҲûϻڵʱǽǮ¬ΣͯΣȥѻ֫ϸȻƽ̨ϰɣǿȡһ¡ĩҲ¡
ǰܳɣҪҪȡϼҽʦģΪûоԵȨڣһӵȨޡ
˵ܾ㲻ֹҪȥ
ų̂ǣǿƵˣȴѾ̨
Ȼ¬ԼͯҲǿʼһֵܳڲ鿴ߵĽ֫ĲжһһסңܳɻһЩصϸС˳
̨֫Ľ֫ƽڹɹǵ¶Σ˻һ֫壬ڹɹ¶ѪܽṹȽϵһң񾭵ΣҲΪһģֹƽ̨·Ľ֫Ҫ΢ôһЩ
Ϊܳû취ͣ¿˸ֲ֫νֲ֫Ҳǰѱ˵ֲ֫ǰֲֵ֫ϡ
Ƕֲ֫Ľ棬ܳڵͼ̣Ҫģļܣǲúķ̫ʱ飬׾ģļܡ
ԣܳͰģ⵽
ѣڳˣרҵδŵģƣȡڹĲǻֲ
Ƚ֫Ȼٶֲָ֫֫壬е㺧ţʵԭҲǲܵġ
һֿԵĿʵѣԶȥ߸ôѡ
֮֫Ķֲ֫ѵĵ㣬Ǵ֫Ľ˲жˣڽ֫ԶˣһʱҪģǾԲܳʮСʱ
Ļʱ̫ãɾľȲˡ
ҲȽϸӣԣѭŶֲ֫ԭȻָĽṹȻٻָѪˣ񾭼⡢֯
Ȼ˺ܶಽ裬еһҪѽ֫Զ˵Ľ֫壬ػʹ̵Ѫγͨ
˵ѲѣҲ򵥣ԣܳҪصʱ򣬼ѲػʿˣҲû취ֻƿӣҰѿ󣬻õⶼʲô¡
ţ棬ùܳȰһȵѪ˸
ܳɿʼ֫壬ϥؽںСȣȽȳƣйۡ֯⣬Щˮף߱ԼƤ״̬õġ
ȥ˫ȣʵеÿ
Ȼܳɹ۲ΣɲΪԼøа뷨ҪΣҵӦѪΣѪǻ϶ĴС
ţڸض̨ϺܳѪ˲ٵȡ˨е
ڣ֫Զ˵Ѫˣ϶״̬ԱҪѪ˨ȡˣȻСڵѪ˨ͨػȥͨ
¬εˣܳɵȡ˨еɵס
Ȼٿ˿߮磬ٿ˿ܳɣĿǻİԴģǴĹ̥
һǹǿƵˣѪƵĽڶüá
ܳǹǿƵţѪƵѪȡ˨Ȼôã˵İɡ
ܳȡѪ˨ʱ߮Ҳż⿴˿ĿһȻ˵ܳɣʼѪƵˡҵļӿԼѧϰˣȻĻѪƣҲҪˡ
ڣ㻹΢˵㡣
߮羹Ȼ˼Цܳûᣬֻﰵ˵ûû£Ŭѧϰѧ٣޶ë԰޶ͺͺģҶʣ
㲻ƣ
ܳ߮Ҳûٶţٰ˫󣬼ȥӴĻˡ
صĳˣ߹ǴѣȫͷûɶطǺˡ
ʱȥܳɺ߮˵֣·𶼿˹һֿ׼ȴ˿ףСֻڲɶ
߮Ļãܹ֪߮Ŀĵģܹ
ǣܳǱߣһȣһٲʵǿеԻãеã⻹еĲô
ǣڰСʱܳǱһϲǰѶڵѪ˨ͨˡ
ע50ģȥͷأ
ܳ˵ţܿͱ
ܳɾһ߿ʼ棬أ߰˹ܺ󣬲ſصҺ壬Ӿ˳㻹ЩѪ˨ģҺ֮У˺ںĺڰ֭
еںں
ʱܳɲŻһ
Ȼ˵¬ΣܲҸ˰һ̨ѪҺ͸ǹ鷳ˡ
¬ȻͷѾеϣѹܳϣѾУͲֹͣˡ
Ҳ氡ܳ˵Ķֲ֫ܲʵ֡
ܹʵֵĻôһγҽҽԺҪˣܸƣǣҲš
һٷְٻΪѧ𣬻󲿷ֵĺôܳɵģǳҽҽԺԻ
Ϊ漣ĵλ
һѪҺ͸ǾƹˣѪҺ͸ʵԭѣ¾ڵѪҺʹѪҺڲʣ
ýʽťʽȷѪܣȴ̾ٴ̶Զ˴̵ද3cmϣ̵֮ľ10cmΪˣ̶롣
ѪҺǵĲ淶ѪҺǵĹԭΪ֡
ͨɢԭﵽҺͨˣ
ͨĲˣֻܲǿ£ڡءƫ࣬ͨ͸
˲һ㣬֫ǴŴ󲿷ϸĻ仵ʣѪУᵼĸСڵ״̲ôЩġ
ԣܳɴų̈⣬ι˺͸ָ
ܿ죬ܳɾ̨͸ǵӣʵܳʼǵ̨̨£ȼһ¹Чʺ״̬
ʱҿٵذѶ;ǺγͨѪ˻ָ
Ѫܿͽ뵽֫ԶˣңѪҺǣҲǿʼ˹󲿷ֵľѪɼ˾棬ȻͨνġӡѪҺѭкٴͨ˵ڶ̨ѪҺǣŻصѪҺѭ
ʦˣע»ߵĵ״̬вԵĻֹͣܳɶҽ˵
ʵҪܳ˵ܳڿʼʱܳΣڣʱʱ̿ڶŻһӶգۡ
һСģ˾ͱܳɸûˡ
ǣתһΪѪҺǶԶģԵڲˣҲûʲôԾĵط
ѪҺڲһЩʣ֮ѪҺľ̶Ȼõһ̶ȵ
״ܳɵ΢һЩ
ȻٻСʱʱ䣬ͬķһȵѪҲͨˡ
ʱ򣬳еһҽԺƵˣѾǰСѪ״ˣǿߵģʱҲؿ
Ǳ飬ȼˣȣ
ˣװȥģ
ǹǿƻ氡
е
һֲִ
ֻǣڣεҲǽƽ
ڣߵû̫Ĳ֤ٹעˣܳķʽˣҲ˵ȣǳ˴ĻȻ֯ţͻ½Ѫˣȥ
ĲͱǿĶֲ֫ˡ
κ¬η׷æͯҲ̨ϣ֮ǰ̨˵ĹǿҽҲǶһӿż⡣
ֲ֫ļϷúðǻԭԭмΣӴҲûΣ
ҽؽеĪⰡ⼡ȱԭ𣿡
ǿҽ񾭷ϣ˻
¬ΣˡţܳԶǿͣˣȻԼܰæĲΣܰæӿȣǾͰɡ
ڿܳɵڵĲΣȫܱġʱܳȻǵûǾЦˡ
ڿܳǰ治֪ԭֲܹ֫ĲΣѹ֣ܳģʲôֲ֫
ⱾǵĵҲ㰡
ӹ֮ǰ֮оͿʼŵϸˡ
¬Թ˵Σؽƽʱϵʱ򣬾γɰݣҽȴûгŴİݡ
ϼǸ˲ֹһΰ
ȫйɽĲߣΪغ񣬵ǣƢȴǺܺãƽʱ¬ϼ˭˭߼Σ϶¬ڳ
ڣʵǰ
νķϡпλ񾭺ѪܵǺЩͬԭĿȫһ
ܳɲûн̫Ľ⣬Ǽذʣµһһꡣ
ʱʱѾߵࡣ
ܳѾǸǿȵؿĸСʱ
ڶֲ֫ѪҺǣ̨ܳϢһȻٴδ·޾ϴֵȲ߮λá
˵߮磬ȥϢһ°ɣʣĲ𣿡
߮翴ܳһۣüͷһ壬ְָɣûƺѪƵȨޡ
ʵҲϢҿܳɣѰ˼ţҸʱ򣬰ܳһѪƵȨźá
עʱִҵΧֻдƣǣѪƺ͹ƣȨǲһġ
ãܳɼ
ܴ󣬵ʵԶԶ߮Ѫôϸң߮׷Ҳ
ðͨаûѪܱԵиڸĸ֧Ҫϸ
ΪܳɵİæȻܳɲ߮Եһдˣ˿Ϣ
Ȼǽе賿һ㣬ʮСʱ߲ŵ̨
ȻȥICUǣȥICUǰ߮绹ظҽߣ϶ǳȶԿҪҽʮСʱڴԼ໤
κβϵң
ҲϵҽرҪע⣬Ѫѹѹ͵ѹ⣬ʱ׼ĲʳڲҺרҵʱ⡣
Ѫѿͻݿˡ
⣬β⣬ҲҪ
ܳǵһο߮Ĺ״̬Կõ߮翴֣ʵϣϸ緢
һΰܹȫˡ
УǿƳеľɫ
뿪ʱ¬򡢹ɽˣҴӵţƼְѪƵˣҲǰˣΧģһ˵ȥԶһеһЩϸڡ
ܳɺ߮˶һۣЩΣΪ̵һЩ⣬ʵеֻ̫ǿˣҪĻЩƪۡ
ԣܳɺ߮ˣûжʲô
ܳɺ߮磬˳Էĵط󣬲˸ϲĻᣬ
߮ʣôôãң
ˣɣܹ㣬Ʋý֫û취ҲԵĲˡ
ȻܳɾͰ쿭Ȼ飬ǰǰһ顣
߮ȴ֣˵֮˱пɺ֮ɺ֮ˣп֮Ⲣܹ˵ûɡ
ˣСЩ
ţ֪Ҳȥ֮ĶԹԼͺˣҲǵĶԴ񡣡
Լ£Ϊľͺáܳϴ֮󣬰ˮ
Ҫ˵Щʲôʱ˵ĵ绰ͬʱ
˶ԿһۣƤ߮˵ȥŮѻ㱨һ£Լʱ˵ɡ
ãע塣ܳɶ߮ЦЦȤһ䡣
߮Ľһˣûˤ


һʮ ˣ
ʱ򣬲ʫ껹˵߮˵ǳȥˡ˿̶˱Ϊĩҹ׷磬˳ܳ
ʱϰһܿµĶܳɲȥ˳вڣǰѾϰÿҪӣȻܾãﲻ̤ʵ
ֲϰеڣܳɸ뿪ħʱһģһġ
Ѿ˵ʵǲŵġ
ţȽϸӡȳԵ㶫ȥ·ϸ˵
£㻹ûԷѽȳ԰ɡȻȥ·ϸҷϢؼҺϴ˯˰ɡͦˡҲûģؽ˶Ի
ܳɻصǰ߮ӲҲǽǱߵͨ
ô죿ܳɣ߮ϰѳ
绰Ҫã㡣˵£ãŽǸ⣬ûиͷֱܳӰѻú߮翪
߮翪˼·ȲȨ˼άǷȱ˵㡣
أȻˣ϶Ѿ뷨߮ܿȻܳɡ
֮ǰʱȻû̬߮ŽΣǳеһҽԺģʶĲˣǶ࣬ҲǸĲ˵
õȻܹ˵ǣ޷˵һЩȥƣ޼µ£ҲҪ취ȥġ
ͨ˵ȻҲȫβܡ
޷ìܣֱ֮ĻôνоûбҪˡ
ɴʥ֮ߣȴҲܶ˳֮ģδذԼ֮ˣҲԽʵʣշģԼ⡣
ӲΣǽ֮£
¡
һ̶ϣ˵Ŀǰܳɺ߮ˣԶݵͨĻư֮ȥ⣬Ȼᵱôһ
ܳ̾һ˵߮磬Ⱑã쿭ȻţΪǶǴ
϶£ʲôϵ֮ǰ飬޹أڵ飬ȻûϵǾֻǱʱйҽ;볡漰νĶԹ
ס㣬Ǵˡ߮ԥ
ѡѡȻûġֺ߮ƶ࣬д˵ĸ顣
ܳԣһݣ֮Ի߮飬Ϊ߮磬쿭Ȼ֮ͬֻǾʽвѡ
߮ĸĸεʱ򣬱ƼײˣȻߣң⣬ҽúܡ
ʱ߮˻֪
ǣģ֪ܳ߮һЩ⼼ܺ󣬲ãԭǶʱ߮磬ǣôĶ⡣
ǣ߮粢δᣬĻ߮磬ܾͻУ˵ЩŻȽϾףȻ޼ˡ
ǣ߮ѡˣˣûн̫ıûʲôܳɲ֪٣ûЩ֮¡
쿭Ȼأʲôһ죬ٱϣǸ졣
ʵϣٱ˻ǽТİֲûǮҲסICUҲûйϵеһҽԺICUΰĸȰICU񻯡
ȥϵⲡļ໤ңԤˣ
Ȼа
ʵҲܸӣ֪ôȥ˼¡ܳΪᡣ
߮ЦЦ˵֪ôȥ˼ǾͲȥ˼ˣ鸴ӣţ²ؼܻ߸߹𽥵
ھУԶû취׾˵̬ҲֻǸҽѡģ൱ޡ
߮粢ûֻǸܳɹһУǼ쿭Ȼĸ£ӱ˵ʵҲҽԴͷ䲻ȵһ֣ⲻһʱܹġ
ܳɡ֣߮صؿܳɣ֡
֪ħһ֮ҪЩһĶӽҲǰ󣬸ˡΪѣһҪ㣬еʱ򣬰ӽ̫ߡ
ˣ
۽̫ߣ̫ƵԽ࣬Ҳ̻ҪҪʳ̻ԼȥգҾޣҰҲô㣬ʵꡣ
߮ľ棬ͬһ㣬쳹ܳɵĶԡ
߮⻰ʲô˼ԼҪ飬̫̫鸡Բ̫ʵ
Ժ˵ֱ׵㣬ͬҪʲôֱӽܳԼûģϲȥ²յףȻЩ˰ôⲻܳϣġ
߮һνۣٴϣȽϸĪԭÿᴿıʡ
νоʵҲǴӴݵĲ棬ͳ󲿷ֵԵؽаա
νĸǻۺоĻϣȥ룬һеĳеߣһ͹۵Ķ󣬶ǾԵģضġ
ͺ˰
֪˼ںܴ󣬵㲻ܹ΢ĩʵʴϿֻǴ¿ĻôܻԼվ̫ߣ̫٣̫ա
ͺñƽʱдС˵һܹҶ֪˭ܹ䣬ѹ˵øʵ̻˵˵õĹ½롣
͵ÿϸڵ䣬ͽִһ򣬹Ȼˬǿ󣬺ܺÿĳ棬ȴһ̶ȣ˵֪ġ
˵һ䣬ȥͺñڣǸν΢ڹ̶۵ʽòãȻǺõġ
ʱ䣬ЧпڲЩû˵ǣӦ÷棬ǲˡеǮԲںļǧ飬еˣûǮܹ⣬Ǻõġ
ԣ⣬þ
еˣ϶Ҫ׷õģƷʸŵġеˣ׷ֻõģʵʵģʵģõġ
߮˵ֺñȣŮǣƷÿɣȻǺÿģǿܶ𣿡
ܳԣ߮˼жȡһ䣺ã𣿡
߮һҭסˡ
ãտҲˣݳһݰܳǰһݰ߮ǰ
еûģҵ˼ǣÿ˶ԼĶλһê㡣ͺñңⱲӣ٣׶ΣʫŮˣԺĺܳһʱ䣬
ͺñԼϴѧҽԺҽҿһӣˡ
ǾҽһӣҲȦˣ£ȦӣҲê޷ȶ֮⣬ǾеΣˡ
ͺ˵ô࣬ԷԷ߮署꣬ͲܳɶƱˣֱӿʼǷ
ͬһƵġ
ţ߮绹һãǺȨһ̫ʳܳڣģеʳе㳯ųԻķ򣬷չˡ
ҵĳζһ㣬տζҲֻ˵ǿɿڣֻ˵伢ȽϺʡ
Ҫ˵տĻտеտǸġ
ܳɰ߮Ļסˣûȥϸ롣
˺ܿ꣬Ծˡ
Ȼ뿪ʱܳɻ߮Ҫע壬עơ߮綼ˣ˷ۣûܳɣֱˡ
ȥ·ϣܳһ߸绰죬һ߻߮Ļ߮Ҳ˼
߮磬ǰܳ˵̹׾֣ɳУʱ߮绹ִд
߮ڶθ̹ܳ׾֣һΣ߮˵ģܳԼ
ܳɾԼ״̬ȷеƮŸʲôʻĵ߸ԵĿ⣬룬ȥʲôҽʦȼѧͳ滮оǣȥģؼҽԺܹӴĲṹȻȥ취òƽ⡣
ǣϸһ룬㣬һܹɵؾܹģ
ûһ
ǣǳ鷳ģҲǶʱڣܹõġ
ȻÿһӰشܹ˵ı磬ٻıܶˡ
ǰЩ⣬˳ɹյĶ󣬻ˣ̫̫գȻĻԼԭԼҪֱӽӴ
㶼ˣȥնȵú
㶼ˣôܹ֪Ϊ˵ķգ
㲻ˣôܹᣬ˵ķա
㲻ǸˣҲ޷ᵽǮ˼еһѷա
㲻Ǹͨˣͺ⣬ͨ˵һ
ͱԼû취ǰ״̬µİɵɵġ
ͱ߮磬Ҳ޷⣬Լһ֮ǰ߮Ľ߮ðƣ˶츳ߡ
˵ȨܳڻûףȨΪʲôҪԼĿϵ»
ܳɣ㵽Һʦ³G绰˵
ŶǵˣոڸǮܳɸͣڣǿǿһĶõģ˵Լ˵ص㣬֪³
һ󣬻ص˼ң밲˸Ƶٴο˿ڱ켫Ϊ˯£¶ɫİ
Ҳ˯ɣģһգʱ仹ܳԣģӦǲˡ
õģ
ܳҲ˵˾ãȻϴһ󣬽뵽˯С

ܳ˯ߵʱ򣬷ˣû˯ŵġ
ֱʮһ࣬Ÿϻ˳ҽҽԺҵſڣҵԼź̬ƣδֱ߹ȥȥһ
ôŮû𣿡ʡ
ͷؿŷһԲ
ôˣˣһ
ǣ־֣£ΪߵĸףԲ֪ܲͨ
ػأѾˣ΢е󣺡¬θոճ˵Ů֫ȣֱǸܳҽֲȥˣ
˵ģûҽҽԺû취תǰɣ
ҽܹǰҵĻôŮͲܱ֫
죬顣
֫ˣֱֲˣⳣҽҽԺڸʲô
ҲǳԱϢһˣ߰ʮͣڴ˿۾վ
Է˵ҳһ¡
ɫ΢䡣
ҲֻǸųȥȴһ֣
ӭģȴ˵һƣе졣
ô£ǸҽΪʲôһʱȥ˵ƢɲӣֱӶֵġ
δĶû̫࣬ͣҽҽҽԺƵָԱݼ٣һʱ䣬ûҽԺ
ҽԺͲжӣ׾ôģҲʡ
ȶֲ֫ȥǺʲôȻֱӽصãܱ֫ģӣܲ
֣ҽǳҽҽԺģǴġֲͣǳˣ˵䲻ģͲĹ롣
ģҲҽҽβˣǱ֡
ⲻɡ
˵ðɣ֣ʵģҽίԱίģ¬νвܽвҪͿԲ
ҽûӣ˵绰ֱˡҽԺſڣҵ쿭Ȼסˣһֵ˾ȥ
ûȥӣ˳ĬһȻ˺ܾãҲֱ֪ӴӹίԱֱίɵˣʲô
˵ĹʣĵѹӴ㻹
¬ȥˡû뵽Ǹ쿭ȻʶҽסԵͷ
˼Ĭʣ˾ҵû
ʶ쿭Ȼģ£ᣬǶϱĸסˣȷԴϰߺ󣬼һֱڴҲԼĹ
ҵˣǴ⡣Ŀǰ֤ݣ֧˰ָʹһһֱ׵ġ
ţ쿭Ȼ᷸𡣡ƶ
쿭ȻôɵǼ⣬쿭ȻҪԼĻͺôˣһУܰѻʵ˭ֲأ
ᣬٻǱȽϽȫģ˵档
죬ȥʲôˣ
ᡣƶĿ֮ǰҸ㽲Ǽ飬Ҳ֪ǸطܹĿһǧˣܵݣ̤̤ʵʵعӡδΪԼ
ԣ̾һ
˵ҸᣬȥúллǸҽɣǸҽ˵ûǣܾûˡ
쿭Ȼʡ
ˣҪһµģΪһףԼƥ֮ŭġ
ˣԼԼӣȻÿ˶Ѵ΢עһ¾͵ˣƽûҪ񡣡
˻ᣬҪһֱӶתߡ
һȻ
ٵаСʱңŮڽתICUʾʱȴ֪ҽҽ뿪ȥԷˡ
һͻãͿǷƽȣȻ˫֫Ĺܱˡ
˵ллЩϥӣȻҪԷˡ
¬úܰⷹɲóԣǽ֫ľܳתˣܷ鷳ǣҲֵʲôô
ֻǣֱܳǾˣ£ҽԺ޷ظҲ֪᲻ᱻ󣬷ܾͱ
үӽžͻȥˣȻICUſڵϣţȷϢ
һӵһ绰ɫЩɷס
ôˣ״̬ԡ
ŮһѣԼǸ˾ЧȥˡһŮ˹ҲICU۾ͷ塣
Ů𣿡üͷҲһ塣
ǡ
û˵ʲô磬ûоԵĹƽ߮ȻǳеһҽԺָԱ˳ҽҽԺܳҲҽҽԺġ
⣬ܾ

գܳɺ磬ͽӵδϢ
һ쿭Ȼ쿭Ȼ˵ܳһԸһ¸л֮⡣
һһܳɲʶķˣллܳɾŮܳ뿪̫磬Ըڽ죬±һıл⣬ܳشӦ
ܳϾͰѷܾˣ֮ǰɳаҽԺʱ򣬾һţϴѧҽԺǿһڡ
һ㣬ʾл⣬ȥԷȻ˵һһʮ극
һʮ壬ѷƱΪ֤ݣͶ߸ҽơ
ȻûôһɧҲǵλ൱ʹ졣
ǣ쿭Ȼ᲻˾ͶԼ
Ͼ쿭Ȼסȥ飬óġ
Ϊ˱ܳɻǾȸȨͰȺ˵£ǵ
õĴǣܳɱȥȨȴܳȥ
˵£ܻҪģȨϵڳеѣʱṩ
ܳ룬£Ҫģǣָ߮緢һϢʱ׼󣬳žͱȨŵѣ͵쿭Ȼ۵ľ¥
ңȨǣǾԱߣ¶һᡣ
ôһΪ׵
ܳ΢һƿ˰ţ߽ȥ
棬ûܳģֺܶ˵̣Ҳֻ쿭Ȼһˣ档
ܳƿʱ쿭ȻΪ飬վҽǰþãˡ
ллҽܹҸ棬ӦҼ档
ܳѲһԼͺ쿭Ȼã˶쿭Ȼ书Ļǲµģ͵쿭ȻĶ棬վ
쿭ȻҸ㿪Ļôֻܶ˵ºܱǸΪڵĳҵ֪ܳ˵
쿭ȻЦЦҽ˲˵Ӧ֪Ϊʲôôȥˡ
ôֻΪ˰Ǹҽһ¶ѡ
쿭ȻЦ˵ĻȴǺأֻǳԷˮ򵥵һ㡣
ܳüͷһ壺쿭Ȼ£ҲֲǸΰҲΪ˾ѡңҲˣʱ
쿭Ȼȴһ֣Ҫˣûز˺ͼԼûмͬתICU͵ذĸתˣǳԼôѡˣ͵Ϊ񵥡
ֺ˵ʱ򣬲ȥʲôʲô²Ҳá
ңĸѾʣٽЩҲûʲôˣҽ˵ɡ
쿭ȻͻȻ֣һʱ䣬̸ܳЩ޷ϰߡ
쿭Ȼ죬ҹʲôĿģĩҲæģһйҪţϣԺҪңһ˵ġܳҲֱ˵⡣
쿭Ȼɫһݣҽ㲻Ҫѻ˵ôֱ
ҽʵûʲôģҶҽǺ𾴵ģرҽ㣬չ֣Ĳܸ㶨Ǵسҵϰ쿭ȻЦ˵Ļζ
ܳɳĬһ˵쿭ȻǸҽҲԱֻǸβ˵ҽκζԹ
ܳ˵ţ˼
쿭Ȼ̧֣ԼҲһҽˣûй㣬ĵҽû˼
Ҳû˵òԵ˼
⻰ܳɵĽ䱸ӣ
쿭ȻܳĽ䱸ԼȻ˵ʵҽҽҪĿġһϣҽܹúúÿ֣еʹ
ûұֳôţǻĲ̫ڣҲûܹ˵ȻʲôĵΡ
ڶ£Ҿҽãֺ䣬ҪôʾЩӦô𣿡
һ£ܳɵüͷһ
쿭ȻʹԣǵҲȷʱҲʲôԭ
ڶ£ܳɾ͸Ӳ֪ôȥˣɣӹƽĽǶȣǲôڵģǴʵͿ͹۵ĽǶȣǴŵİ
˭ȥ
쿭ȻҿĻǿԺʱģȥһϣ˵ĵڶ£޷ۡܳɲԼ¼
쿭ȻȴЦ˵ҽ˵еĶܹԤеĶԱռãЩˣȫѡ
еˣֻҪûܹ칤ʣҽ˶鷳͸
еˣֻҪ绰ܹʱճ
еˣ
ܳɲˣſڴ
쿭ȻֻǺ²ЩĻҾûҪ̸ҲæҪˡ
ҽҲֻǺ̽һЩǲǺڵ쿭Ȼɫ΢е
ܳš
쿭Ȼ΢ҽ쳵ˣһĸ
һ֫ȫһǰ졣
һˣ˳ֳһˣ̨ϡ
ڳֳǸǰ̨ȻΪʲôû߰һӳġ
̨ǸΪֲֻڸ
Ǹģõҽˣ쿭ȻܳɵıӰ°ԽԽߣҲԽԽߡ
ҽ
ٴκһ쿭ȻƾűϺҡΣֹһ쿭ȻеصһӵĲˣȻһԡ
²ۣ
ҽǲ֪ЩβãûΡ
ЩҩûУǲ
߳˰ᣬܳϸȨ˵绰ȥ
ôܳɸ磬û°ɣȨæʣͬʱԱߵˣһ绰̸ܳɺ档
ܳɵɫرÿĿһ˵ã쿭Ȼеҷ˼ûô
ŶûͺãʲôĻҾͰˡȨҲһ
ܳɸ磬Ȼȥɣȥ˵һ£쿭ȻǷʲô裬˼㡣ȨҪҶϵ绰
ܳɾ͸ϽֹȨӣǧ𣬲ҪٺκνӴ͹ϸ˺ΣյģǧҪٴκˡ
Աˡ
쿭ȻֱǷˣģȨóȻȥ飬Լһɧá
ôˣȨ׷ʡ
ܳɾ͵쿭ȻĻ̵ظһ顣
ĵȷе󲡣Զ㡣Ȩˣ´ùͷ

ܳٱͻؼҺܳɶԼλֵܱʾ˸лҲụֻ̂ܳ˵ҽС˼ԺлᣬһȾơ
ٵ˼ܳɾͺͰƵˡ
ɵĻˣܳɺ󣬷ҪܳվתһȦûʹŵͷκΣգˣֱ񾭲ɡ
ԺˣԶһ㡣
ܳæͷԺӦòʲôӴˣ緹û
ҵû𣿡ʡ
ﻹҺԷŶܶܳЦЦȻϽƽ̨ʼ㷹ԣͷ̫ƽϣûȤ
㣬ҳԹˣ˸ն췹ûܾò˵ζʲôʱ򣬸Ҽĵ㽴Ѽ¡
˵ӲЦ˵
ã˵ζǳ֮ܳҲͷԼ˵ĹʳϢٴη˳
Ǿټĵ㣬³˳
ܳɡ
밲죬˴СʱȻŸԼ顣
ܳɴ㣬Լĸĸ绰׼ܻؼȥǳУҲԶ
ҲŰˣҲóȥˣȻʱ򣬿ܺ
ܺ˵Ϣʱ˶ַˣ϶׷ʣʲôҪҪȥҵҰɽ򣿡
۷ûҲȥ㡣
У⡣
ܳ˵ԽԽףϰ֣ǱܳԵġ
ֲ׵ģɶܻص
Ҳԣ
ܾ˵һģ˹ֳģ˵óԣȥ㣬ܳ˰ɣ
Ŷˣ̸Ұ񼦣鼦
Ҷϵ绰ʱܳͷ
Լػȥô°ôŸЩԼԣ
΢һ£ܳɾܺһϲͷϢܣؼһˣһȥ𣿡
ĸĸˣȻܺ򣬵ϾûʽǴȥ
ϷƵ龪֣
ϱܵüţֲ㲻ȥĻҾһ˻ȥͿľܳɾЦ˵
һȥɣûм죬ҵ׼
ôʲôȥ˾ͺãǿ϶⡣
ǻҪġƶ˵


һʮ ģɣ
밲󣬱һ˯úܻܳɣȴǰ˯ʱ䣬ٴκһʱ䡣
Ϊ쿭ȻܳʲôӰ죬ǣڻѧۣͨϣӭµһûĻһεģ⣬ܹۣȼ
ʱôϵͳصԲľ磬Ҳû̫©
Ϊܣܳģ̫Σ֮ԽչȽϻΪǻڵ۽ṹ
ɴƽ𣬻Ҫԣܹ֮֮ΪΪǼ򵥵Ļṹһ͹۵ʵ
ܳҪģȥ֮ǰĻдǽŻ
ˣչǳ
˾ô󣬽ʽṹ֪پߴʦѾΪҽѧչеĽѧṩ̫
нѧô궼һֱطչȻô׵ؾܹ˵Ͷ˵ġ
ܳɷԣ˺þõʱ䡣
֮ǰȻǺѦ޵½ڣʣ⣬ڣӵٽĿ۵ܳɣٻعͷȥ˼ʱԼ˵ҲЩ̫ˡ
ۣģ棬ռʵݣҲһȽĿ⣬ܳɻǴ㽫۲棬
ΪֻˣʵеĿʱŻӵӦ֡
ۣ⡢ķǺѽģȫǿӲʵȥһƽ
ܳһһεذ֪ЩŶۼȻԼ߮硢ǸԼƵ˵ĹͬŬ£һһǰƽš
εĵһģ⣬һСգ˵㣬˶٣ѵ
ڶεģ⣬ȻǣĽȣﵽԲ󾳽磬Ȼ˵˼
ģĽȻˡ
ĴΣ
ڣڵΣҲ賿֮ˢµĵڶģС
ʮ꣬Ŷļϻƣǽ˼ܣۣ
ļϻ飬ϢǴңĶЦȻݺᣬһ
Ϣ߸ļλʦڲϣһЦȻȥ߶
ϢļλʦķǰָĽոǡʦĺˣԼĺӣĬĬذǣЩۣɸ塣
ʮϻǣѾ徣ǣڵĹȣ˽ʼƪ£ڹȵƻϵʽɹ硣
ʮԼŶӣʦ׷Ϊʿ
ģ
ɻ
ۣ
⼼ܣΪΪߣȴͣʷЧƽľܹκεĴ̼κǰܱǡ
ܡ
ˣˡܳɼ״ϸĶ󣬰ܣС
ĽϵܳһʱڣҪȥʵʵֵġ
ֻǣ۵ȼܳɵļкܳɾͷ֣ʵۣҪʵ֤ҲûģʱôѣֻѼݵѶȣȽ鷳
⣬˿ڶĻԣʲôѵ㡣
һȽ鷳ǣϵ£ݲͬȺ࣬һЩϸ΢Ĳ𣬵ʱܻ֤ʱƫ
Ҳ˴ţʱֻҪݲ㣬ǰ޶ɡ
ΪǺܳģ˵Ĺؽڼ壬ҪȻ˵ĹؽڼͺŸһЩ
ȻܳٿıܣãֺЩõġ
ϸܵϸںܳɵҲϮȻ뵽˯С
գһܹյĿʼ
Ⱥúõ˯һ˵
գܳ밲һܲܲҲǸΧ͵ǰԹ󣬲ŸԸϻؼȥϴȻŸԻص˹λ
ΪѾǵһˣ˽죬ܳɶûȥ鷿¬ذѲ鷿Ľţ֪ܳɡ
İţǰ漸εգΪ˼ˡҲǵĹʽˣӦ¬Ҳܶʱҵ㹻ĵ۲ˣԾͻ
ܳɿˣûأǿǡ
ˣʵǵһܣܳɿʱǸɹͷĲˣΣʵʹܲˣϣͨؽûʹ⡣
ҽˣһƶ˵
ܳе⣬ӣүǣԼԸ
ӵͷ˵ҽǵģһȥ֮󣬺Ұֺúõ̸һ£ʵΪģʵΣա
ϴҲ˵Ϊг⣬ԣʱǶײ£ĶҰ֣һȥֺҰ̸˺öΡ
Ұԭң˭᲻µʱ򡣡
ȻܹȰ˵ҰģҶӣҶ˵ϣүүȥ棬ȥҰΡҰֺҶӵĹϵá
᲻ӣʱֳ⣬ʱҲˡ
ܳɾţȵ˵꣬ſͷүӣ𣿡
ͷͣһͷ˵ҽϲʵ֮飬˵ѾΪʹʱ򣬾ҵӣڣ᲻Ҳ߰
㲻֪ӣʮһܱ꣬ˡϴΣұȥ˹԰ҾͿöүү̣ӳȥ棬ء
ТТ֣ʵѷּҡ
Т޺Ϊ
ѪԵϵѪ飬뵽˹˵Ĺġ
Ҳˣŵӣ׵ᣬΪ׵ʱΪ׵ľǱ˵׵ĺӣʱֶʲôأ
ܳЦЦ͸үӿסԺ֤ȥؽסԺ
ؽûǹؽƵ롣
뿪ʱӰԼĸ˳ȥ߽ܳǰһҽлл
ϴʱһҵĺӣҲҰֵӣĲ֪ôȰ̫ˡ
ɹͷĲ۳ģǰģÿ춼ҪĶ
̧ܳͷһЦ֮һȷףĻǿԾΪǼʹΪá
ллҽˡӲû̫ᣬԼл󣬻ܳɸһƬ
˵ҽȥҹĵطһò
š
ٴһλˣȻߵʱ򣬶ܳ˵ҽѾǵڶͷѡĲˣһĸԸġ
ò˵¬λܳеġ
ֲˣǰ￴˲֪ٸͷĺ١
ܳɸпһ˵ʵɣֻƷʽһ֣̫⣬û̫߷գԡ
ȻҲܵġҲͬкܶಡˣû취ͨġ
ˣ£Ȼǵһ£ϴǸ֧ߵСҲ飬ʱǵüһĲţҪġ
ܳɻǵǸ޲ĺӣѾһڹȥˣӦûһˣβ´ο϶Ҳ
õģҽЦŵ˵ͷЦ绨
ȻܳΣٴɫǣܳһһǳ顣
ֻΪܳɵļãһУܹܳﲡķḻ͸ӳ̶ȣҲǱ֮ǰ۵ûҪࡣ
ţ£ҽ
ҲҽֻǣֻרƵѧĿǰƵҽִҵҽʦпܹ
֮ΪܳɵҽΪֵ
ڿܳʱܳɵʱΪܳɵֵܳɵĲŻ
ЩŻǱֽдļסģͶ㣬ڡ
ܿ죬һ׳ӣŶ룬ǵ͵ľƲ۱ǡ
ãﲻǰȥʡ
׳ȻŸˣȻѹ£ܳɣ˵ҽʵҪģңҸס
ҸʵȽŲ㣬ԣ˸˵Ҳе֧֧ġ
¸Ͻ˵￴ڳźֱ۵ģôߵĻܶϸ⣬ǲðѿصġ
ûǴ㸸׹һ¡
ӻû£ֻǲʣҽҾһ£ǰʹǲǳҹߣʹͣ޲ɱ
ܳɺԣһ
𼱣˵ô£ʲôǰ˭ǹǰܳĿɨӣ㡣
˵Ȼ֧֧ᣬ·ǹвˣѵô
ǹ
󣬸˵ġҽе𣿡ĿƣѪ˿ûиܳ˵˭
ܳ룬أҪλãĿǰԣҲ޷ƵģǸҲҪǷתƣȻ󸴷λãֲʵĹϵ
ֻǵĹ֣˵Ƭ𣿡
УӸϽѼϴݸܳɡ
ܳɽӹһ΢΢̧ͷ˵İһСƬӣ
ԣϴȻɫ任һ˵ҽҪǿҸ׵ģСƬӣ̣Ƿˡ
ܳɿûӵĻϸƬ󣬷֣СµXϣԵĹࡣ
Ȼܳٿ˿Ƭӣиʱεĺ˴šCTXߡ
Ҳǹ
ܳɵüͷݺһ壡
ٿ˿СƽƬڣǰģ˵ļǴǰǰģУֻһģûг֡
˵
˺Сͬա
ܳ̽ԵʣСƽƬ𣿡
УûҪˡǰˡӵ΢е˻ƣܿ죬ӾͿסԼ
ҽСӵˣҸ׵ļ⻹е𣿡
ȥ̸СĲѾǹȥʽˣһӣǻڹȥ
⣬ȽϸӣѯĻϣ㣬ܹ㸸״һһȽϺõķӺʵ㡣
ļ飬һţһǰģĽʵǿϣģҲʮͲر󡣡

ܳ˵ʱӣЦŵͷ˵лл㣬ҽҵȻͰҼүӴҽԺˣлллл
ܳɵ˵ȼϣƵġ
ܳԣüͷٴһ壬Լո˵ģǲеֹ̫ˣʲôᰡ
ɻͷһԼ˵ǣԼֻ˵˾ϣѣΪʲôôأ
ܳЩ㲻
ȴѾ뿪ˡ
ûлȥᣬһˣֽһǹģܲȡְ壬ʲôʱʺȡ
ܳһ֪һ¶ࡣȡְҪһꡣ
ʲôţ
ܳɻĵشˡ
Ĳˣ˹Ĳ˺٣רƵģУĴƣǼ٣󲿷ֶͨ˼ҽԺ
ܳɻǿĽĻߣһĴָεģܳܲ취ܳȥסԺ
һήģǰܳҲյҽԺּήĲˣʺϿؽתλԼľʵڱ𴦿û˴ܳɻǾһᣡ
ҲǺ֣Ȼ壬βԣ岻󣬵ǶԸͬն
Ȼأܿ͵һˡ
״򲻶Ƶģ쿭Ȼˣ˺ţؾؽ󣬻Ǻ֮ǰһʹܳɣûʲôȽϺõİ취
ܳʲô취أ
żܳҲûҶ쿭Ȼô֣ҲֱӾͰҽԺͲĴڡ
ڣ찡쿭Ȼû֡
ֻܳɡ졯ʱϿģǸźܶƬӵӣֳˣ߽쿭ȻϾ͸¶顣
쿭Ȼһνı顣
ܳɾίظ쿭Ȼ˵ϽĻߣ쿭Ȼܴ˵ҽȸëˡ
㸸أܳߵ󿴡
˵ҽҹǸ˵һģǣҸˣҡ
лл˰ҽ˵꣬ӰĪתˡ
ܳҪ׷ȥ쿭Ȼȴסҽˣˣʶн𵥣chan
֮ǰиӣнڶиϸףн
ǰɣ׺ͶͬʱڳеһҽԺĹǿסԺϳ˹תȥϴѧҽԺǶ
꣬үûʲô£СˣҲ֪ʲôԭȻأִŸ׵Ҳ̫Ѹ㡣
ҾʱҲ˺ܶΡΣҲ׵Ĳİɣ
ܳɻعͷһˣ
쿭Ȼ֪֮ˣɲҺϤʶʶңԸҴ򽻵
ܳ룬˵£ȥһŵĵ绰ô¡
ȻܳɲŶ쿭Ȼ쿭Ȼû취㻹ɣΪ㵽Ҫʲô
쿭ȻЦ˵ҽ찡ѣҾãͺһ죬ʹ졣
㲻ϰ𣿡ܳʡ
ʹϵ˰Ŷ
쿭Ȼ˵ǣȻܳɵɫã˵ðɣʵԼеСҵֻǺþûȥˣһֱľӪԾͱȽС
ҽ
쿭ȻĻû˵ʱ¾ֽˣɫ΢䡣
쿭ȻĻҽոǸ𵥣绰˵׽ˡ
֪ܳͣοΪá
쿭Ȼؽ˹ȥ˵Ϻӣһ𵥣һ˫
𵥲ԸֵĶڴǰʱܵܣ˴
˵ʱʹͣշת࣬޷ߣÿһգʹļ尾š
ܳɿ쿭Ȼһۣ쿭Ȼ㲻ҲʹͲȥϼҽԺ飿
쿭ȻЦЦ˵ԼԼ˽⣬Ҳû취
졣
ܳԣĬ쿭Ȼÿ
ֻǣ쿭ȻʹпװģŲģң쿭ȻôԽ𵥼ô˽⣺ôԱ˵飬ǵô
쿭ȻָָԼԿǣҶ鲻Уܵöһ㶫˺£ȥһ£˵ʲô̻ء
ҽҲ氡Ըָһ£Ҳ׬ܶǮ쿭ȻȻָ
ܳԣֶ˵£°ɣҲܿ°ˡ
²쿭Ȼ˵ҽСĵ㰡
ߺܳɳĬһʣ쿭Ȼ㲻ȱǮûΪʲôȥ
쿭Ȼɫһ䣺ҽҲȱǮԴԶԶԷɲСľʧҸõģΪʲôҪһ㣬һֱҪȥֱܲˣ
˾㵽ʲôԹôܳɲˣ쿭Ȼûеõۡ
Ǹ˾ţǳеһҽԺĻʿģҽͱ˰ɣûɶôġٺ١쿭ȻЦЦ¶˾ͺаԡ
°ˣȥħɣǱкܺõרҺͽڡܳɿʼʰӣҰѵԸˡ
쿭Ȼ˵ȥʲôأ
ǻͬβҵĲҽҸ㽲ҪȥǱ߱ģ쿭Ȼվ
ܳϾܾãлл㰡
ȥҽ͸ӰɣҲˣǴ߼ίԱģԣлеú˵쿭Ȼôʲô棬ȫͲǸ顣
ܳɶٲԥһ£˵쿭Ȼ˵飬ʲôϵأ飬ܹ۵𣿡
˻ԣҾãҽ㲻һ쿭Ȼƶ
ܳߣš
쿭ȻܳԣſڵıʶܳݲһϽվ˹
ô°
ҽǲֲˣģҪԺڱܳɵİȫ
쿭Ȼ˵ҽ۲ġ
ܳɿ˿ֿ˿쿭Ȼ̾һ˵ǻҸĵطɡ
쿭Ȼһ̸۲飬Ϳһֱ쿭Ȼѻ˵꣬ƵһֱԼܳ治֪쿭ȻΪʲôҪһֱˡ
ԥһ£ܳǾ쿭Ȼƣȥȥ
ȥ쿭ȻһƵģ¡
Ȼֱƶȥˡ
ƿܳɺ쿭ȻˣϽܳɺһˣ˵˼ǵĽ䱸񣬲ŷһЩȻһյķ䣬˽ȥ̸
ܳɽȥ󣬰¼Ĺܹˣ¼ܡ
Խˣ㵽ңʲôĿġܳʡ
ڱƵļ֮£ĿŻʲôΣգˣʱܽң쿭Ȼ˵Ļǲʺϱȥġ
쿭Ȼ˵ҽû´Ļ֮ԻǳУ϶ҲǴ˵еĿİɣҪ¶һЩĵط
Щϰգడ쿭Ȼ˵
ð㶼쵱Աˣ㻹ࣿ
쿭Ȼ˵ҽ㷢ûУʵÿطʵҽԴͲһܵõġҪôΪûǮҪôΪûȨ
ߴϣʵʵϣһ˵ڲҽԺ
˵һ˵רҵҽ
ûǮˣȥǮˣҲδܹܵõЩˣȴ׾ٵؽӴ
ΪǴΪʲôҪס㣬ңĺǸ˭й֮⣬Ҿǿ飬ͰԴµ䣡
¹ֳһʼתҽԺһߣˡΪʲôƾʲô
ƾʲôǸҽǳеһҽԺˣҪҽҽԺƾʲôݼ٣ȴһʱ绰
ƾʲôǰգҽԺļû뵽ҽ绰ȥأ
¬ǣǰ㵱˾ҽǵֺȨҽƷе
ҽ㿼ǹ𣿡쿭Ȼ鶼ܼŭشźݻ


һʮ ҵҽܡ
ҽǲǾ˭쿭Ȼţ¶аЦݣա
ûô˵ȥϴϴˣ쿭ȻҾӦòȱϴǮӲ̸ʱ򣬻˵ʱ򣬶òЩܳת˻⡣
ô룬û֤ݵĻǲҪ˵ģֻܳǸҽٴҽǷҽȻȥذ鰸ʲô
ĳֲ쿭ȻĻûдĻԲԵ˵
쿭Ȼܳɵ仯Ҳ׽֮ɫ쿭Ȼ˵ʵܹҽ˼ңҾǸҾǸ
ĳ֣βˣһʱ䣬Ϊʹ
ȷ
쿭Ȼ˵ҽ֪𣿡
ڳֳҲġ쿭Ȼ˵ţͷ˵㣬ָʳָָôӡ
ȳǸˣڳеһҽԺ̨ģʱ̨ȻԱߣû
G
ʱǵҺݣҼ
ܳԣʱվۿһӾ΢еˡ
ȻתҪ뿪
ܳ⣬Լĵȹ̣ģ棬ܶ಻˵飬ǣĵı棬һִŵ׷
쿭ȻǱŻĶģֵּۣ룬ġ
쿭Ȼأȴûټˣǳܳߵʱ򣬼˵ʱȵGԤġ
һ˵ͷûˣһ˲飬лҽԺ̨ϡ
¹ʷأ볣еһҽԺҽҽԺҪ
һֱҽҽԺˣΪҽҽԺƣҪȳеһҽԺҪ΢õ㣬ȻأǸҽҲҽҽԺǡ
ҽ
ҽ쿭Ȼ֣ܳ뿪ķ֣ȻûסҪ뿪ܳɡ
Լ죬Ȼ˫ֺ󱳣Űֲߣʮ㡣
ƵһȺ˶׷Ͷȥı飬쿭ȻҲᣬԹԵ뿪˱ƣȻֿ뿪ҽԺҲûȥƣڶܳ꺮ůıˡ
ҽû°ɣ쿭ȻûΪɣƵĿƳĵ
´ĻصһʱǴ绰Ǳİȫ
ܳûнӻֻǺȻã쿭ȻҲе˼
겻ħģ
磬ûôിˣҲûôӣ˻Ƥѻǣ
û£´ҪĻһϵǡˡܳɶԶԷʾãٶ˵һ󣬱뿪˱ơ
ܳûֱӻؼңȥ˲һˡ
߰鶼ʰúȷԼεĲˣ˴λϣǽãƷƵĽԼʱ䣬ҪǰԼӦ
ܳ»صԼļң
죬ܳû飬ǸԼƿŹȣҲȲ裬ôſյɳϣϸ˼쿭ȻĻ
˵쿭ȻΪĸ֮ǰҽԺſڣôһ⣬ôǸ쵰
˵쿭ȻΪ֪ıԼ࣬Ȼ٣
ô˭Ǹ쵰治ýˡ
Դ

Ѱ
ڣܳɶ֪Щ׸òдνģ˻дռǱϡ
ڣܳɶ֪£ú˭һ¡
Сʱܳɰƿ϶ֱӹ뵽󣬲ԥ˺ܾãȨһ绰
Ȩӣܲܰһææе鷳ܳʡ
ˣܳɸ磬״磬ҿʲôȨһظ
ֻҪ㲻ҪڣҰѰķ㴦ãģ˵
ȨûεĻš
ܳúȨЦֱ˵Ȩӣߣһ𳵻ܲܲһ³̵ϸڣҲǡ
ܳɾͰԼ֪飬һ顣
ȨԣͷƤһܳɸ磬¸ûҪ
ܳɸ磬Ҹ㽲ֶܽȥġ
ֻиҪȥҲҪ͵ұȽϺ棬Ǻĺèɡ
ӣٿԲһ˵ƷΡܳɻصҲûȥ׷
Уܳɸ磬£ҪĻһҪҹֻ֪ˣǻȽϼ򵥡ǧ嶯
磬ϼ縺ŵģֵҵٻɲȨû˻
ȨȻȥϢˡ
ʵȨֻǸܳɻظ֡
ܳߣҲѾǰˣ⻰ȻǺ̫Ĳ
һͨ쿭ȻĻǿܽһĶ
ֶ쿭ȻƬ˵йȴ
ԴޣˣֻҪеʶˣ֪飬ó˵
ϣ£ˡ
һ仰˵úãˣӵŬƾʲôֲʮ꺮
ϣһ˵ŬһκΰûеĻô˭ƽ
Դǲƽģһ״
Ϳ
ߣһ֮
ˮʯһ֮
һѽ״ôܹģǾȥһˮƽ˲ţ
ҽѧҵԣͱҪҽԴ³һˣȥʸ߷壬һˣʵʵרҵѵؼеҽˮƽʵʵغʵ
ܳɡ߮ˣµһͼ
ûɵӣЩĴڣͺܼ֣ûǸʵǰ̸ԵĹƽǲȡģ취

ѧѧѧ
վҪ⼸档
ܳɣʲôܳƺ£֮ʣע⵽һ㣬ֱܳɡ
ҴǲµΪʲôҪеĿˡܳĿһոô࣬ΪȨ֡
ŶһΪǸأ겻ģⲻǲżôѱһţ˵⡣
ܳգգۣ
ûУûСܳɸϽҡͷ̾˰ָ˭
ϽһЦҶģ϶ûô밡ҪƵʱһҵľֵġ
˵ţԼɰСȭͷ͵á
ţǺ¡
ܳɾûϾᣬǼʣ֮ǰ˵սĿ⣬ҲյòˣдҪҪҰ󣿡
ܳڿҲӵ˼ƪµˣ˰ʸ˵ĻģڣĿǰѾһЩڵڿ־׷׷ϢҪܳɵˡ
ܳʱܾˣߣҪĿǰû˼ȥ˵ĹҪе࣬ͷϵæ󣬲Żȥǵ־˵顣
˿ˣдҿ϶һ㿴
֮ǰһءϽأȻ˵ˣܳɣԼдһƪmeta£ʱУһ³Բ԰
ã
֮ǰĹĽ㣬Ե𣿡ܳʡ
˵ˣˣ㿴ȻָָԼ۽һ΢ɲĺ㡣

һ͸ʦˣ컹²ۣ˵Ŷ͵͵סԼ졣
ܳ˵ôһСɶ˵ģ
û²ۣȻְѻع鵽ճҪʣҲҪǵó緹ʱθˡϢһϣڶθɲܿš
춼гԵѽƬףмżڳԷۣţ˵
˵ԷۣҾÿγ˷ۣ֮󣬵ڶԻһأԷۻǲף׷ʡ
Ժõ㣬᳤֮0.02±۾ҪǸ0.05
УڿӪѧƵĿΣ˵ʵԶҲȡҪĻðѪάһĵˮƽҪյǡظܳɿӪƵ֪ʶ
ܳɸĴָ
ӪƣҲִҽѧڣȽϹؼһѧƣо
ǰɣ
ܳɣҸ˵ӪƵһʦ㣬ϵˣһ⣬Ǿǲͬ±ζ棬Щ±ζǿԼʵģЩ±ζʺϼʡ
һЩ±ζʺ˳ԣЩ±ζʵʺмĲҲܳԡ
밲Сʱܳɵʱ˺ܶࡣ
Իֱˡ
ܳɷְðȥתгΪӪƵĲʿ»Ӵ˺󣬰ĳԻԱ¶
оĶͳԾйء
ȻҲǱſѧоĿȥԵģɹֵ̽ʱҲһ
ʵǰֶһԻʦ㣬ӪƵģһ𾭳ʳֻǴӿеĽǶȥ۵ġ
ܳɾټذѽʣһģõˡ
ʵ۵ˣܳģݣһѿеĹͷҲνĽѧȼϵͳ⡣
еѶȣ
һεģ⣬ܳ辶ˣչȻ
ʮľˣһ㣬ҪͨףѰ
һҹ޻
գܳɲŵ˿ˣʿվһˣںͻʿ˵ЩʲôЩȥ
Ͻ˵̣˵
ʿͬʱǰȻͬʱ˷
ҽһҪҰҽ죬ҪҵҽеþȰʹܡ
ʿ˵֪ҶˣģҶˡ˼ңòã
ڲߵ룬ҪҽҲҪҽϰֻаСʱϰˣʱ绰Ҳʡ
ܲһ£ϰҲͦģԣĵһ¿ɺã
˵֣ץסֲţҽһҪҵҽ
ܳɲûֱӹȥȥҽ칫ңҲʶܳɣԾͱʿվĻʿǣһϢ
ҽ칫Һֵҽܳɺ󣬾͸Ͻվ
˵ʦṆ̀רġ
ܳɸոնˣ֮ûֱӶ棬ǲ֪󣬶˵ֻҵҽܾ⻰ģܳɿɲֱ롣
Ǵñӣ˭ô£
ɶô
׸磬Ṇ̀ô°ܳʡ
Ѿ۾˵ʲôҲû˵رʲôҲûܽסŵ˼ǡ
ȾŮˣͦġ
ܳļʵ׸磬˵
˰ɷʮʱ򣬷ȥˣһŮȻŮ˸׵ɷ򣬺
˵ŮʱзûǮӣȻ˷ӣǺŮܾԼϹûӣ԰Ϲָˡ
ȻأŮϹزҪһʵѣзĸĸʹѷβ
òϹǺܿףܾˣȻзĸĸţŮˣסԺˣĿǰҲڻС
з͸ĸʹֱӰѷβŮڻУ¾Ѹ˰ԡ
ϷҲרҵǣеͦ׵ģŮĹϵáҲǺεôš
ܳüͷһ壺£ʲôãȥ˰
ˣڣзԼزҪʽΪɣҪβֺǷϳģѺ޹˵
ǷרҵģҲ˵ã׷ϳ

ٹһܳ˰칫ҵĻʿҲ˽ȻٽһظܳɲһЩϸڣ


һʮ ֲ
ദʱ֪ϸڸӶࡣ
˵ŮǱˣΣգĿǰڽҽԺסԺڽƣĿǰδ
ȻأҽԺеһҽԺҽҽԺύ˻룬ܳߵг̣ΪܳɽҪԱ¬ܾˡ
еһҽԺأ߮籾һģΪ飬ʱܶҲȥˡ
ĿǰһѪƵˣȥ˽ҽԺȻû취˲֪˵ħרң˲ˡ
ͦģҲû취ҽƳҽԺҪȥҲҪȱ֤ԼҽԺת
˵ҽϵһʱϵ¬Σ¬˵ҽ˼ԸȥҽԺĻǾȥ
˵켴̨Ĳˣǵ̨ΣҽԸȥĻ¬ȻǿԾܵġ
ҪǣܾĻԵòζԣϣҽܹԼ
˵ţ¬ѾǸϵ˲ｲҽˣѾĸСʱˣӳڸϹȥһСʱ
ʱƲֹۣ
ܳԣЦ¬ΣͨĳͻôѪƵⰡ
¬˵
û취˵ŮǲͬϹβзĸʵû취ˣֻܳ²߰ɡ⣬ʵʦģûʶ
ԾֱȽˣڣƻھŰɡ
ҽҾã飬ֺãȫûҪȥϡ˸иĲףҽֻ˰ǲ˵ʲô£Ͷܽġ
¬ʱظԼĽ飬ѡȨȻǽܳɡ
ܳԣ͵˵ͷ˵ллˣ¬Ρ
¬Ϲƾͽӵ˵绰ûתҲǲԼΪѡ
죬ؼʱ̣ͦͬ·Ǻܺõġ
ǣʵϣ˭ôıأ
ҽˣ¬ʡ
¬ΣôǵģڲҲԼҪеҽҪǵȻٹȥ
֪ͬǲĲˣȻѾǩˣǾҪΪǸΡ
ȻȥҽԺǸֻܲͦܿˡܳɻء
¬üͷһ塣
ȷ˫ȫİ취
ܹܳ뵽ڳУҽҽԺƵָԱǶִҵĵطǳģȻȥУ֡
ܳɽ˵¬ΣҽһˣھȥһҽǰӸ࣬𣿡
ʱõ飡
¬ãš
¬֪ܳɿ϶ȥһˣֱӾܾȷãҲȰԼá
Ȼ¬ֱӺܳȥҡ
Ϣת˵ʱ㶣
ҽŮȲ𰡣
˵̣ǲôಡˣҲǲ˰ǶǰԼʱ䣬ʱҽ뿪ˣô죿
Ѿͬ˵ʱ䣬Ѿ¬κҽܹ뵽ģõİ취ˡ
ȻżһȺļҲȰ
Ҿûʿ˵ûŮżҽҲԼĲ˵ģ˵ΪŮѱ˵Ͳ˰
Ҷˣһ°ɡ


ܳɺ¬ȥ˲Сʱʱ䣬ʱָ˰˵֡
¬һȻؿܳɣףȻ˵¬Σһ°ҽûʲôģǿڵڶ̨Ļҽ棬ôһθ¶Ӽˮ
ã¬ľĵͷ
ͷƤ顣
ǰΪԼѾǿ۷ʱܳء
ˣܳɽ죬ͬʱ䣬˫߿һ̨ʮңͽսЧã⵽˵ȥ
˵֮ǰֻܳΪչǵ԰ĽЩ
죬ܳɵọ̈̄״̬Ϳף
ˣ¬Ρܳ߳ȥҡ
¬ŷӦҽһ£ֻϣһ绰롣ȥ
ΣԼģûаȥĳ
ܳԣֲŻͷҡ
Ȼ˵绰󣬲ͨ˹ȥ˵ͼ󣬶浹ǺܿܿͰܳɽӵ˳ϡ
ͬʱܳҲ˸绰Ǹˣ˵Ѿȥ˽ˣҲؽȥ
һ֪ˣҽ
ȻֺҽƵϵˣͬTJҽԺĻ룬Էҽϵ΢΢ҡҡͷĬĬΪ
˾úܿ죬߸ٶˣһСʱڣϵ˽ҽԺ
³ʱܳɲʣˣʦô٣ûɣ
ˣһ·ͷĲ٣ǵŶ塣ңҽǲ֪ڽϵͳбġ
ڸϳ٣ɷΧڵģΪҾҽרңƽʱһ㲻٣ԣҲô顣ʦԼظ
࣡
ܳ³󣬺ܿӭˡ
˿ľֻܳһˣ΢е⣬ؽӴܳɣȻٵذܳɴ䡣
ҵʱܳɿ˾üͷ
ԲֹһĳͻǶ˵
ƽпڣǻ˱ȡСȴеˣ
ģʲôʲôԹ
ҲǸŮˡ
ܳɵ˺Ƶ˲ظˣ˵ĳˣˣûʵٵˡ
֮ǰʧѪ࣬Ȼ֫Ҫˡ̨˰
û˰ɣܳɶһ䡣
ûУƵҽǳƶ
ܳվ̨棬ȻãԭˣĹɶ˼ˣֽڶˣҽԺǰͲ֪˶Ѫ
ָӵѪ⣬ǽ֫
أڲ˵û֤֮ǰҲûҽ֫
⣬ڵѪѹҲȻ̫ȶ
ܳɼ״Ͼ뵽һֿܣǻڵѪףҲ˵ȻѪ֤һȻлԵĳѪ
ǰ˺˴ŻCTôܳɸϽʡ
չˣû⡣
ɶѾסˣҽ˵ֱӽ֫أǱ֫أҽԺǿƵҽʡ
ܳ˵ߣרŵѪô
ǿƵҡͷҽҽԺûѪƣֻƼΣѪˣǴˡ
ΪֻܳѪƵˣ֫Ѫˡ
ܳǾƵҽһ£ˣǻڵĻԳѪҪһǻڵѪ⡣
ܳԼǹǿƵҽûⷽȨҪһˣ

ǣǿƵһ㶡
ˣĿǰѪѹȶ϶лԳѪ֮ǰԵģǳٷԵġ
Ѫ⣬ˣôû취ˡôѪҲ޼¡
ˣٴ绰ʣûнƵĹߡܳɼԸ
ʵ֪ҲǰʣƣҽԺĿңƣȻʺϣɸΪ֮ڳжҲе
Ȳˣֻٴο
ǿƵΣæ˵ҽǻڵѪףòҪ㶯İɣ
˵һٻĻôĤѪסǻڵѪף֮һ
ⲻڸĴѪ
ܳ˵Σ֪˼֮ǰʧѪ̫࣬ڿˣǻڵѪףʧѪ߲ɿأǱҪֹסѪȥͲ˵ļ̸һ⡣
ˣ˻ǩֵļ𣿡
У˵壬ǩֵȨǰߵĸѾȨˡθϽ˵
ǾȥͲ˼̸һ£ڵգܳһ
ˣû취Ȼܳɵĵе̫󣬵ǣ˿ҲֻܼϣܳɣĻ˾ǰ׸ˣ֮ǰе˰
ǻڵĻԳѪܳɵôжϵģ
Ƶβߣֱ˹ǲ̫ãǵܳɵЩ⣬ҲûԹ
ֻ˵ҽǻڵѪ⣬óȻȥĻǲе̫ðˣ
Ϊ˱ֻܲһˣȻĻݻеĸѹԿƣûͻֱݿˡܳɺȷԼжϡ
ӵŲѪƵ֪ʶжϣһģҲͺͽʱ
ʱ䱦
ƵΣҲֻӲͷƤ̨
ֻǣʱ򣬾ͿܳȴѾڹλãһӣǺܿͽ뵽ǻ档
ȴģֻȲ
ܳɷǻӴѪ֯ڸĤ󾲾ţѪҺһƬͬһӴѪɫףڷ
⣿Ƶεʱɵˡ
ôһѪţ֮ǰȻȫûз֣ô£
ǣţֿͷƤһĻֻܳɿӴѪ׺󣬷ǵûбŵֱȥ˵


һʮ ָϵ
ǻѪף˵ǻڵĸĤѪףһֺΣյĴڡ
͹ٷĶǣĤѪΪ˵ĳֱ֢ӻӱɡԭǹ輰ۣǸĤסʮָٵȣѺʹѪܼ֯ˡ䳣ϲظˡѪݿ˵ȣʿɴ3542
ʸߴٷ֮ʮļǸʲôĸ
ңڽ֪̿ϣĸĤѪףǶýƵķʽ߱Ƶķʽͳпʽʸߡ
ҲˣΪܳҪԭˡ
ۣ˾ˣĿǰвȫųжˣʧѪĻǱɣЧֻȣ
ζѡĽ룬ҽԺû䱸Ȼû취ġ
Ƶ̴˾Ȼ󿴵ܳȻǶ˵ǣƵĵ棬ģֱӱһȻѪĽ
ǣܳõ棬ʺϵ£͵ĸĤ㡣
ĤΪȫ䲼ӵĽĤԼƤȣ
ɼƤĽ֯ɣ⻬ʰ͸״ڸںڵԼǻǻٵı棬ǰ߳ΪڸĤĤڲ㣬߲㷢ɣ߳ΪูĤĤ㣬߲㷢ɡڲ㻥жһǱǻ϶ΪĤǻ
ܳпģǸĤ㡭
һѪܳɿƵƺЩ겻ᣬϽѡ
ƵҲû˵Ѿ̨ôȡģҪȡģǣ̨ϣ̨ϣûбϵ
ۣвٵѪҺԣʵڹǻڣɺһƬһЩλõѪţѾɿ顣
Ĥǻ϶ܴԣ˳ѪҲܴڽ̽Ѫ֮ǰǧԼѪˣҪһһضԸ̽顣
Ҳǿܳԥīѳɾ˵ҽҪҪҰһ̽鶯ṹ
ܳҡͷʣīΣ֮ǰѾ˸̽飬Ѿ˸ӦûиѪˣǰɡ
Ǹ̨ʱīѳɿ϶˵ԼûзŹκ˿ģڣôĸĤѪףҲȷˡ
ЦʵʵڵĸĤѪף˵Լȫų
ҽǻһһ̽ɣīѳɲδֱӻش𣬵ҲǸܳ˵ףҲһ̽װʱһҪС
ܳһЩۣ¼ҽԺõĵطħԺĻôƵĽںҽԸһȷĴ𸴣ٹ
ڣҲԹͼƽЩʱܳһȻ˵Ǽ̽ɡ
һµƣܳɶѲطԸ
Ѳ
ʵ̽鸹õ·֮ǰīѳɿ·ˣͨ账̽飬ȴеѶȵġ
鶼һôѶȣҲҪϣʵڲУֱӰ֮ǰĻڣ򿪣
ַܳ£īѳɾͷ֣ܳɾȻͨôխ·һָĤ϶̽飡
ңܳ̽鵽ѪףԱȼ۾޵ģҲ˵֮ǰ̽ѪܣȷģûгģûطĶˡ
󲿷ֵѪѣǼڹλã
Լ֮ǰû
ܳҲǿһ㣬Ͳټ̽飬˷ʱˡ
ΪλѪ϶µĻ϶ѪҺ̲µĺۼڴ򿪺ûпЩۼģǾ֤ǴϵԴ
λڸ·Դˡ
ǣ˷˵ʱ䣬ȴʵʵڵġ
ܳһȻ̽踽Ķ
踽Ķǳ࣬Ҵ۸ӣԼ֧֧Ӧ٣ڷֳֳַܶܶڡ⶯
⶯֧ڶķ֧࣬Ϊɶ
⶯ĸ¶
ڶֳַ֧֧ද϶¶տ׶
֧У϶¶ӹ궯ֱ¶Լڶȡ
ңⲻֻǹǰв󲿵Ĺֱ׵ڡ
˶֮⣬аľ֧ߣұߣ
˵ʲô˵ˣССĹ棬ʮѪܣ۸ӵţ
ǣۺ󣬵Ѫˣѵԭ
ܳȴǺĵأһһؽſٵ̽顣
ңīѳɻ֣ܳɵ̽ٶȣЩò˼飬ǴҵĹѪܼ֯棬ܿؾͷֱǾλá
Ȼһ£֪ûѺˣȻתƵһѪܡ
ˡ
һ̨ٹģѪ˵ĻƵġ
ŹķӣīѳɶܳɵǼ鵽˵ڼ߾ʱܳȴȻһϲҵˣ˿ߣ
ܳɵĻȵĲǻӦ˵Ĵ㵡
īѳɣǿƵˣҲ̨еʿ
˿ߣллܳɼûԼͬʱЩĿ׻
ŶŶ
˿ߣϲֵеʿź֪ذ˿ߵ˹
ܳɽӹδֻ˵׼һôѪףӦòֹһѪˡ
֪ܳԼǵλˣҪĸ߶ȣȥߣΪ˽⣬ǽˡ
ֻ˵⻤ʿеרҵϲ˴棡
ȻܳȺԼ֮󣬲ŻһīΣҪҵƿλã
ڴ֮ǰҪѸĤѪ׸ҳСѪͻȻѣ
ܳѣīѳȴԳȵöࣺҽҾ㡣
֪ԼֻǸˣܳɵٶȺ̽ѪܵٶȣȫԼϵģ֮Ĳ࣬Լʵϰܲ໹Ҫ
ѹֹǿƵˣ
īѳɳŹǿƵοһۣǿƵβδ໰ǼĿ۽С
ܳѡһȽرĽǶȣѪ׺ѪҺ̱ŷīѳɼʱİӭӵ׼Ȼǳʱ˴ѪҺ
ܳǰ׼ǰ֣סпڣԲûдѪҺֻǾ˿档
ѹٴһš
ܳȻ󾲾صīѳɲɾѪҺٴΰɿ۲ԭѪڵѪҺ
Ȼ󿴵ѪҺȻڻðһѪֹʱһ
ֻܳɶֹѪǯˣֱ֣ץסĳһðѪҺͷ仺
Ѫ״򿪵Ŀ֮Ϊ֪ѪˣһǶѪˡ
ֹѪǯеʿݹ˿ߣܳɿѡ
ϵݹһֹѪǯܳԼֽӹбѪܺȻ۲죬Ȼͬ׽һģٴסһѪܺ
ѪҺͷŵֹͣ
ģѪ״ڣѪڵѹϸߣԻһ̶ϼʧѪһƿѪףѹ½󣬾ͻʱڴʧѪ
޷ҵеѪܣ߻ٵʧѪݿ˶
ҲǸĤѪ֮ԲóȻ򿪵ԭ
ܳɼбѪܣ׽֧Żס˳ѪƣһˣڴѪǰ֮ǰѪܣ޷ҵ
£򿪣Ǵ˵Ĵţ߾н޳
˿ߣ
Ѳʦ׼Ѫܵķߣܳɳ̾һȻЦЦʼǸ
˼ϴʦոҵ˵㡣ְܳ
еʿ˼صͷ
īѳҲһѪ֮̽ΣգǴ򿪵˲䣬ѪױңҺԵĳѪҵѪѪܡ
ΣյʱѾǹȥˣٲûߵӶ񻯣
֮ǰһĻûʲôʵϣÿһ֣ÿһ룬ľ
棬ҽ򿪸ĤѪ׵飬֪רҺͽڣҲᵽɤۣ˵ˣﶼټ
ںˣյʱ䶼ȥˡ
ϴֻʿæ˵īΣõģûϺáûȥ
̧ͷܳɵЩΣҲЩȻĶ
ոܳɵȻǺףδⲻһְԵͱ£ոܳɵץѪܵĶɴ䣬ԥ
˵һʳϵĻôֳܳģָϵ
һأٲܳһһ⣬ֲԻãһڿӼʱķ˼
ܳȴδи飬ѪףȻ˵ϣ˻ߵĳѪһӵıŷµ̼ԼѪȫȴſʼ
ʦҪտһˣرҪע⣬ж⡣طܳĲȥָҽЩ
ǣոеʿı֣е£ԣҽãҲֻܶ༸졣
ҽˣЦЦûػȥѪˣͬʱ¼ҽȥϵѪѪͬʱһѹҩ΢ҩ
ʱҩļܳΪߵĸ
Щϸڣܳһɣҽǿ׵ġ
ңѪȻʱˣǣлԵĻ߶ԣȴеΣȫ
ܳȻ˵Σϸ΢Ѫܵķϣɡȥɶķϣ
ܳɵ˼ԣЩѪܶôãϲ̫ãҲûϵǣɶϲƵĻңҲ⡣
īѳ֪ܳڹ˼Լļ̫ãҲû˵ʲôֻǵ˵ͷҽҾ
Ȼīѳɺܳɾͻһλá
īѳģؿʼѪܵʱ򣬴ҴƳܳһۣͷ֣ܳڷϹɶʱַҲǷǳġ
ʱȻ᲻Ҫض࿴ѧѧڣᣬûˣ
ǿƵˣҲڰæܳɷϹɶѧϰһƨ
ҽˣȻĻǿܶһܵһʱ䷢⸹ĤѪף£̨ʵڲ밡
ѪףǼǷˣҲ޼ƿʩҽˣȻƨǺĵġ
ܳɵ˵ͷҲӦõģûаһˣܹġ
Σ̨崴Ҫǽɣ
ҽ崴ǿƵĺ㶣Ҫ鷳ҽɰɣ̨ͬСɣΪǵޣһЩʡ
ͬ崴ǰǲŲͬҽ֮䣬ʲô̫ģ崴ô
ڣ;ԼˣҴˣʵ崴崴֮䣬ӴĲģͺñȣͬѪܷϣƵīѳɣȫܳҽͬһˮƽ
ԵĻԸܹܳһ̨ⲻҪɱĺ
ֱ׵ĽܳҲû˵ʲô
ֻЦЦΣˣһɡĿǰĹɶȻ˺üпڣҸԲͬһ棬
ܳ˵ŵʱ򣬺ȻҽԱߵļ໤ǣεεεһʾ˸һź⣡
ҽɫ͵һ䣺˵ѪѹΣֵˣ
ȥʦ˵꣬ҪңȥԼϼҽʦ
㲻ߣ
עأ1mgϣ
ֹܳͣв侲طԸһ


һʮ Ƿֵã
ܳɶˣǸʵϰ
ңȫ״̬¡ֻݿ˵ѹͣоͨţڽУ˵Ҫȥʦʱ򻹲ٲҺ
㵽ûп鰡
Ժڼȵй̣϶ڳŵǰôõĻʩ£СͨڶѾֳɵˣ
ܳɵĻżĻͷ
أ1mgע㣡ܳɼӴߴ٣
Űл
ƵҽʦУͰȥءأǳģңͰȥڳ״̬
ڣֳ룬Ҫҩ
Ѳأϼӿ쾲Һ;ͬʱѹעҵµ25϶ȡ
ΡīΣעѰҸѪ㡣ܳһ˵ţһ߰λÿ
ʱ򣬲ͻݿˣϼҽʦڣҪһվ
īѳɺͺûվôܳɾֻܶ
е̨ȥ绰ϵʿ֧ԮѪ⣬ѪƷѪ
֪ͨҽңϳѪܳ˫ĿضŻߵ
Ŀǰܿ죬Ѫѹܵͣǳݿָġ
ܳڿǷٻҲ
Ȼݿ˼ȣƵķ룬ҽʵڲףԣֻܶ
Ժ˵ȣٴҵҽҽȨģƲݿˣҽڳеҽĽɫ
ˣ·ܣܳɿеʿ׼⿪·һ䡣
ԷŰæѵȻߵҼʱǱߣȥ绰
ܳɰĿص˼໤ϣȻ侲ķʩͰ20mgע
ͰԾעһļ20mgֱӾעҲԾơͰʱͬҲͬͰһ񾭴ʣϸ塣
ͼĶͰѡԵڶ޷ӦĻߣѪάС˹ʣҲֱСܣԴﵽá
еȼĶͰĻԣǿļ
ĶͰ㷺Ѫѹá
ڻָѪͬʱôĶͰЧؿѪҺ֤ҪٹӦ
ѲػʿӦȥƵҽʼִҽˡ
ͬʱ̨˵еʿһͨ绰ȥѪҽҴҸˡ
Ȼ󿴵ܳڽļ໤ǿīѳɼǸϽڷǷڳѪ㡣
ôˣϽʡ
ڻߵѪѹ΢ȻܵͣѪǲ㣬֮ǰѪĽûи߼أܳûתͷѾ130侲ʡ
õǣѪˮƽʱҲ˵ĩѪѪʱǲȱģӦֻӦԵĵѪݿˣݿˡ
ҽ˻ߵĸѹֻ40ǰѾȥͰ˼Ȼ˵΢߼أ׼ȵؼǣע
ѸȻȳմˮ
һ˵ţϽȥʼѹʽذѹŵȫѪûڼȥ
Ȼܿؽӹܳɵָأ1mgע
ѲػʿϽظ12141mgע
еʿʼǱʼǡ
īѳɺͺ̧ͷǻڣûлԳѪѪܣǶѾˡ
ܳɼߵѪѹһ㣬˵ӦǸոпѪ׵ʱ򣬴ѪҺʧʹѭٲӦ
ʦˡʱҪǳעβˮ׵
ҽˣܳҲûԽ޴ңȻȵѪѹѹ60mmHgϺ󣬲ٴ̨ϡ
ȥ
īѳɺͺ˾û˵ˣոյʵˣܳɵһʱվ˳Ļҽһܣ̨GG
ܳɣĻѪ׶УȻȫ׼̶ȵؼʧѪ޷ֵѪˣȻǴʧѪ˴̼
ʹûٽݿˡ
ֹһѲػʿҵĻʿǰæ˫ྲͨ˫߿ʼѪߵѪѹųȶ
ȻҽͿʼ¼ʼdissˣ㵽ôģǸʱôܳȥأ
ǵӱˣô죿˭Ĺ
ʦңСˡ
ܳɵ˶û˵ոǸı֣ʵ̫רҵˣŵˣΪһҽĻǾ;תаɡ
Ҫ߹ȥ
֮ҽߣٳѪȲѧȥ͵ģ뿪̨벽
ʱ仺š
Сʱ
ܳɲǰеѪܣϣȻٴϸؼһȦ󣬵īΣˣҪǳٷ˥Ѫ˨Ҫ濹
ȻʧȥһֵѪҺѪ˨䣬ô롣⣬ΪݿˣҪΪСˮ׵ƻ
󣬸ҪڵļԲCT
ʱȻĻҽٳ⣬⣬ڵٺãҲ޼µġ
˶ûˣٺãʲôأ
֪ˣҽ죬ҿˣĻ̨治ýīѳµ˵
֮ǰѾ̽ȫûзѪף˸ȻиĤѪס
ǣǵһʱ䷢ˣҲȥ
ûܳı£ˣ
ȻȥĻƾڣʧѪԤȻԵġ
ô˵ܹ֮ȫܳɡ
ʱݿ˵ʱܳɲһʱվȻѲ
Ҳ˵ܳɣʵˣҴ˺ͼʾл
ܳԣڵѾŶһ䣺Σ˵ƺ⣬ôǵҴ绰ģ
ܳɻѪ飬֪ˣǺܶ࣬ҲȥٵѪƵҪרҵԿڣ³¶
Ŀǰ֪ģҲֻ߮硢¬ˡ
ԶɳеĲ̶Ҳ֪ġ
Ž˵ҽģǱҽģҽʱ£ʵˣܲ
˵̨򵥣ܸõ㡣
˵⣬ܳĿֱؿζӡ
æ͵ţҽæ˵Ļ߰Һӵʦһλܺõʦֻϧ˲硣
ҺӶҵ˺üˣһֱ߶Ķ飬ȻǲöʣˣҲκúƤȥʡ
ĸȥҽҽԺҲ֮٣ҽǧȥ
ͣܳһů
ڣܹΪԼĺӵʦô˼ԼãʦǸֵ𾴵ˡ
ȷֵͬ飬Ҳû취顣˲ò֡
󣬺ͰܳһߣȻͳһŷ⣬ݸܳɡ
˵ҽҸ˵⣬ʦȷǸֵ𾴵ˣҾûļ˵Щ
˵ĻҿǣܰæģҲһ⣬¡
Ҳǻὲģ˼ȷôˣʱôһʷɵãʵܳеġ
Ǻ˽Ļܳɺôõġ
ܳɴŷ⣬˼ţȻ˻ȥΣЩˣʣµģջȥɣǮףʦΪ˺ãȥסԺϡ
ʵϵл⣬ҶˣҾȻȥ˰
ܳ١
ҪǣɵǮƻصġ
ƾ֪ʶշѣҲǮòʣȻȫҲԣҲûбҪúƷѡ
ܰеĲˣܳҲˣ͵˰ɡ
Ȼܳһ󣬲ܳȻ֣Ȼֱµ˵ͣûԣʦһ˳С
˳кܳɾʹʦѶ١
ʦȴ˵ҽ⳵ѰǺѾˣֻ͵ҪĿĵأİҽͲùˡ
˵䣬ǱȽϤƵġ
˰ʦܳҲû˵ʲô
ӳܽһˣԼҲװ۵һƥȻȥ˸طԷ
Ҫȥҵʱ¬δ绰ˡ
ҽ˰ģǰǸĻ߰ѾΣգICUѹˣICUǱߣϣܹȥܸ
ΪҽԣICUε˼ǣҽȥΣ¬Ļﻰ⣬Կ
ܳԣüͷһ壬֪Ǹˣǽз졣
¬Σ飿һҪҹȥ𣿡ܳɷһ䡣
Ҫǣ֮ǰ쿭Ȼ˵һ仰ое㲻¬⵽ǰλ˸ʲôˡ
˵÷ǶǴǣͨȨ֪ǣ첻ǵһӳбȳģȴǵһҽԺģ
£ܳɵͬһƵģӦЩܣ
¬ԣֺЩҽҪǣ֮ǰģԣICUξãȥһۣȽϺá
Ҳ֪֮ǰûǹȥֻǿȻûʲôοı־
ҽҪһȥһˣһѧѧĻƾͲҽ鷳ˡ
ܳ⻰ǲƴˣʱƴǵĻԵе㲻ͨˣ˵ͷ˵á
Ȼܳɱ¬һICUſڣ¬ǰʹ˵绰ԣܳɵʱкܶ˶ڡ
УҲзļܳɺ󣬷ǳظܳɵлҲûൢ飬һˣڣ˸ICU档
ŮȻȫ˸ָĹӡ
˿̬ήң촽԰׸ɿݣѪɫܲȻˣȻ
űӣŬ۾ͶµҪ˵Щʲôûܿڡ
ҽڵʱȽȶȰûʲô֪Ҫô㰡ICUκֱӵʵ
ܳɾͿһۣδ𻰣̽һ»ߵĩѪˣ㱳ĲȻ΢Ǵõġ
ڻĻ
ܳšš׸Ƥߺ޸оţֲܳһ²Եġ
˵Ŀǰûϵͳ⡣
޸Ҫһʱ䡣ң񾭷Ƿָܹ͸оܣǲһġ
񾭹δָܻĻô𽥷Եήһˡ
񣬻ߵѪǺõġֻܿ޸ˣʵڲеĻҲٴܲ취ɡܳ΢΢ü˵
⻰ĸüͷһ壬ʣҽ񾭣пܳ𣿻᲻ǣУ
ܳ⻰ﰵһص֮ٷϣһĹȱʧҽˮƽһơ
ֲ֫һֹϢԵȷڴָֹܣҲòҪڴ̫ߣҪȫָ˫֫˶͸оܡ
Ҳǲʵġ
ǷļɣģҲ֪ôͣڵʱ£ѾܹĶˣѾˡ
ܳɲ֪ǲԼܳɻҪʵ齲
֫ˣ㻹Ҫû֫޸ôܣҪΪв֢ߺ֢鷳ĻܳҲνĳͺˡ
ԣ˵ҽҵ˼
ҵ˼ǣҽ취ĻһҪҽ˵ֻҪܹԸðյġҽܹ취һϣ
ɵͨպԼҽƽԱӴ˶˵һ漣ˡ
ʽ˵ȫһ޶ҲҲ
ܹס˫ȣûֱӽ֫ȫܳɵĹ͡
ֻǰ˶̰ĵģ̰Ĳ£ȻϣеĹܶǱԽȫԽð
ܳ鷳飬ǲġ
ҪҲ¬ǵ鷳ʲôû׵£֫ˣва
ܳԣһҪĻָɣڵĻѪã޸Ҫһʱ䣬ʱݹܵĲ̶ȣȥۺưɡ
ΣߣĿмأҪü죬ֱ֮񾭴׺󣬿Ȼͣ
ΣҲICUΣæ˵Gõģҽ˰ǿס˼ˣͻתǹǿȥ
ʱҽͿźƼƻˡҽ⼼ȷǸ
ⲻҵ䣬ʵˣû˵ֲ֫ȥδš
ܳɻܹǸ
귿ܳɾԼûбҪһˡ
ICUֱܳ裬סˣٴεлȻ˽һЩһ
ҽˣ֮ǰһֱ㵱лţһֱûᣬԣҺҽԸ㷹ıл⣬ҽǧҪƴǡ
ĺƣϣҽܶһ¡
׻ֲЦˡ
ܳЦЦͲ˰ɣҵıְ˭ֻҪʱĻҶȥæġ
ĺյˣллĺ⡣˵꣬ܳɾҪ뿪
״Ц˵ҽֻһٱ㷹Υ֮ģҽֻ߶ҽҪ̫ˡ
̫̫֪˼ǳԷ治ˣܳԲԷҿ϶ᾡŬġллĺⰡһе£ԲסܳɱȭȻ뿪
Щ˵ķԳԣЩ˵ķǾûôóԵġ


һʮ ջļڣ
ҽܾˣ˵ʲô𣿡Ļʱɫһ壬ʵ
˵Ҳû˵ʲôʲôҲû˵ĺƣҾҽҲġܲϵһԺʡ
֮ܳɳԷϣܳԺԷĲ飬Թա
ǰǶҽмһ˵ģãֻҪһıʲôҽҲңҽҽ֮Ĳ࣬ж
еһҽԺҽףȥɳϴѧҽԺרҺͽ
һΣͨ飬ʶҽԺҽҽ֮Ĳ࣬Ǿ޴ģ
һγͬʱ͵ҽԺ
ĿǰΪֹɥһĿǰȻԲѣΨԼŮʼʱ˵أĿǰһƽȡ
ⲻֻǵҽİæܳɸ˹ؼá
ңܹܳǰĻܷ֫
ڣ¬˽֮֫ܳɶа취ϡ
ʲôĲࣿ
ܾ飺뷨׵֮ǰ͸¬δ绰ҽǷҪҽԺμӻĻǿԼԸ
ҽԺ˼û취ҽ˼ġ
Ҳ绰ʹϵͳһЩˣʹˣܳɵͷܴΪյίԱϵͳ棬һҽܹġ
ܳɵӡܹĶ̫ˡ
ӡˣ̫ˣʲô˼
˵Ŀǰͨϵͳܹ鵽ܳҽֻɳҽѧԺıƣϴѧҽԺ˶ʿѧ֮⣬ûˡ
̫ˣ򵥵ס
һ˽˴ˣܳҽʦԺʿǶܹӰܴġ֣ͨⷽǲеġ
ͨҽǰɳе¼ҽҲǸѪ֮ˣֻҪ֮飬֮Ĳ鲻ܵġ
ɣICUζһ£ùǿƵ¬ΣͬѲתȥǿƾͺãһ̶ϣҽƹϵǶĿǰĲ飬кôġ
ֻ˵ô򵥣ȻЩãҲûû֣ǼʣϵרҺͽתȥɳеϴѧҽԺô
룬߮ҲϴѧҽԺҽܹõҽԴܻ׷һܳɲţɾݣҪøðɣ
ҡͷС£ǧҪҽǰ߶
Ҹ㽲һ鰡ǰһǿƵҽܳҽѾˣȻͨԼĹϵȥϴѧҽԺٴξ
ĿǰǣѾǹǿҽˣתȥڿơ
Ϣ͸¶ʱǸҽҽϣȥطڣܻܼܿΪҽ
ҴϢ֮һĿǰʹļǿƵĽں͸ҲãǲתԺģڴơѪڣҽĿǰǹΪһרҡ
ȥħ;ҵõרƶרңδܹҵܳҽá
һ㣬ʱ¬ûƭ˵ġ
˺󣬺ݺݵصһҽô𣿡
ûػ
˵ҽ᲻ʲô;˵ȻԷǲʲôᰡ
ųĿܣᣬҽĻԼǲҪ°ɡ̾һȻҶϵ绰
һ仰ûиľǣոգһλ飬绰ôһﻰ˼ǣĿǰҽϵͳڱ仯ʱڣҪúõϣҪϹ㡣
Ȼδȷ˵ܳɺ߮ˣǣ
˼Ѿˡ

ܳɻصᣬûеһʱͰ죬һ䡣
Ҳ֪ʲôʱʼܳҲʼϰߣʮ־󣬻һЩ־뵣ίӡ
ܳɶ֮Ȼҵ˼ݱȽϹؼϢ
һݣԷƵģƺΪҽԺ±䶯ڿ֮ǰΣԼһҽʦȥҽԺ
ݴελãԱգԾͱҪϻȥֹеĽޡ
ҲֻʱȥˣȻѧϰֿϣܳһЩרҵϵɻܳɾ÷ƺ˼ܿضһһ˽
ȻʼڶʼԲ̶о
ƪ£ȫˣǵһߣƪܳͨѶߣƪ̶ͨѶߣΣܳҲǶ
ڿܳȥƪİѡ
letterǲҪѵġ
ܳҲֻεͨÿˣΪҪŷԪ֧ȻͨRMBȥ
ƪ£ȥܹ4wİѡ
ڣµͨѶַϴѧ߱ܳɰǮ֮Ȼȥ̡ܱ
ͬʱܳɶ˵һʱ䣬ȲҪˮˣʵʵڵȥü⣬ѼһٴݣԼĥһⷽ򣬰ѿ̶һ顣
ܿ͸ܳɴ΢ŵ绰лȻ󻹵ʦ֣ʦѾӦÿ΢ˣҿԲżȥǮͼְˡ
ʦ֣ллܹ;ָһ·
ܳԣʣʦǲǸǰ˷£ѧУҽԺĽ𰡣٣
ʦǴ3wģûҪֻҪǧϽ˵
⼸ƪµӰӲͣȻƪletterҪѣnatureletterҽԺҲʵԵظһ㽱
ϾܹڿletterģǼġ

ʼħھҽԺѦ޵½ڷģҪô㡣
һǷֱܳħھҽԺĹʱ벩ʿվĲƻԼӦӦõõĲ
·ݿʼ㣬·ݣĸ£൱֮һꡣ
˰ǰ13w
ڶǸܳħԺĿ£ڿԼѧУҽԺһʱºĽ
ȻѦ޵½Եط˵㣬ȻѸߴ25w˰ǰָܳɣܳҪ˶һпš
ܳħԺڼ䣬ʵĸоԱݣһĲ8w
ôһܳɶݺݵһԼĸµ룬ȥȥʼҽԺԼԺ֮⣬ֻħԺõ46w
Բۣһӣܳ˲оԼԣ˰
⻹ûأѧУĽʱ䣬ͳһġ
֮ǰշ䣬ħԺħԺԼʼҽԺֱͬ۵Сппλڹ̶ƪ£񶼼˿
ֻԺʼҽԺĹ۷Χûô󣬶ħԺǰԽ˵㡣
ǣԺҲǰղʿվĽܳɷ13w߰˰˼µĽҲ20wʼҽԺֱӸܳת12w
32w֮ǰĹ78wȻܳǽλ˰
˰ϸʱܳЩ۵ģڿԼʣʱܳǷǳĵġ
83
оǮҲǮ
ҵˣԼһЩ˾Ľĸ78wҲ׵ˣǸߵҲӴż
һõĿԱҲͦǮġ
ٲܶ
Ǯܳõİõģ΢֮ǰڣһʽˣǮûʲôεġ
ңЩǮǸտʼѡ
Ժ󣬿϶ҽԺȵ½ѧУоԱмƼҼĿƼ
Ҽδܹ䵽мģ嶤顣
һ缶ʽĿȥòĻè϶Щˡ
ܳɿôĵһʱ䣬뷢߮磬˵дС˵ˣоǮɡ
Ϊ˱һ£ǰԼǰ֡
ϸ£ѹסֳ嶯֮ǰ߮װƣеģԼȥ̫ãҪ֮УװƵĻֱȥˡ
ҽѧصпгɹǿԹģǿԵõЩϵջġܳΪңҽѧѧѧоֻרйȡ
ǣѧĽչ϶ȫ͸ģҪڣһЩù¡
飬ܳɽӴķΧڣ߮ȥһЩֵֹĶ
ҪһϢӦܳɾͲŰϲ÷
ֱӽͼ
вǮģ֧ģøģе˵ġ
ʱû°࣬Ĳƽȣ㡣
ܳɷϢWa㷢˰
ҪѦ޵½ڻλڸӣѴ󲿷ֵĽ𶼷ҡԣһõ΢еࡣ
ͽǣҲһֽװɡ
ܳô˵ţ黹ǺģһǮǾͿɳпһ¥̣ȥ˰ɣ
Ϣ󣬷ܳɼƬ⼸׷ô
ܳɵ㿪ϸһ棬ȫǾװ޹ģװ޵ķ񣬻ǱȽϼ󷽵ӡ
Ƕַ𣿡ܳһ䡣
Ȼܳɵ⣬ðĬ㼸ӡ
ŻصܳɣҸ˵һ£㲻Ҫ
ţ˵ôأܳɾ֣ǰַҲķ
͵⼸ףֱҰ衢Ҹ硢ҹùûҵ׸·ڰңûסȥ
˵ԺǮˣͰ׸ǰİҿǣȻѡһ׵ףʱķӵֵܼڷӵֵܼΪױһˡ
Щӵʱҳиձҵʱʱɳеķ۵ƽ۸4kҡӺСϡ
ԣܳɣ˵ǰЩ͵ǿЦأǣ
ܳǣ
ȥİɡ
ʱһ׷ӵܼۣǼϴҲ߰ʮյʱļ۸㣬ܹܳһס
Ǯ˼Ҷôô
ҲȽʱҲ޹Ǯ˻ѡܶס
ֻ˵Ǯá
˵꣬ܳƵģַϢܳɣԼҲȥǮ׸Ӧǹˡ
ʵܳһĵģ϶Уÿ˶С
ֽòҲǺ˵ģܴ˵ǣܴܹ뵽İ취
ǰ򷿣Ȼǽ衣
ܳһʱ䣬ҲһȥȻҲѡһףȥ¥̣סȥúüء
ⷿӣҾ軹ùͦġ
𣿡֣һǳɰʺű飬һͷܡ
ȻһСţһͦĵġܳҲ˸СЦǰһЩĪ뷨Ĩˡ
ʵģܳڲΪӻ߳ӶȥģڵĹûʵʱ򣬹ǳ˲ãǺܴһʡ
ڹڵκһкúõذңһľõ󣬳ֻǿŵڵģ߾;Ҫȥ⣬ȥٵģŵԵļͥ
ܳҲûʲôҪԱģԱֶĸǶĲƷھϣȲϵġ
ǱߵĳȺҪԣȴֲˡ
ôҾǳտԼȥµ¥̣ȻԼȥװЩ
ЩӣʱסȥѡһףļףҲпȥš˻ص
ţĻƱ˰ɣʱɹȥ㣬ȻϾϼң㿴İſ𣿡ܳɾְѻ˱𴦡
ȻʱܶǾ壬ѾǲԶˡ
ûʲô顣
õģ԰ҴħСʱҲۡ϶뿴尢˰ɣ
ϴɳеʱ㼸ûʲôʱһһµġƽʡ
еӹȥٵڣȥˡ
εʱеϡ
ͰһôСҪܳɾ죬Ȼܹĵؿʼѧϰọ́
ܳɵѧϰǵѧϰĽǶȣȥĦһ¿ҽѧ
ţȻ˵ǳɹˣǸָȴǱȽ鷳ġ
ֲ֫һ棬Ŀȴһ档
ܳһĿָǱϾǿҽѧרƵģԻҪһ£
˲⣬͸ӦɻȥúõĺʵԼĻܣ·϶ǿȡġ
ܳѧϰѾؾ鱾֪ʶˣȥѯһЩףеĿҽѧĽչȻݾȻȥƵҽѧָ飬ͨģȥơ
ѧϰḶ́Ƿǳġ
һӾ˰˵ӣ˰׼ʱߣٸܳɴƵ
ܳɽˣƵ棬һͷᣬͷ̶ĤĿռ䣬ޱش֡
ۺۣѧϰ˽׶ľˡ
ܳɣ֪ʲôǽڶ𣿡ʼŪ
ǰܳɻ治֪Ͼ߮ļܰˣʴ˿
ڶȡ׵ܲͬƽԲͬһʽĽڶԾ׼510cmڶΣı֡
ʩչѣĿǰû죬˵ܹԵҲĸطܵӰ졣ܳɵ˵߮˵ġ
ƣҲдԼĥˣҲȥ⣬ֻǵװƣܳ
ȻŪˣܳɾҪȥָܹˮƽĻôԺƣǾǹһָĴţˡ
ûģ
һֻ̨ĻҾֻϣ˵֫ԶȻҲֻϣʵҪĻû⣬ҪϰŬУ
˵ͷûʶܳɻľ˼ģۺ£Ҫעϸ̫ˡ
ܳɣûнѧϰҪȥĶѧˡȻĻš
ܳɿϢ˵аһ°ҸȷϹϣ⴫
ǰƼ죬ܳɶֻܸ֮ǰĽѧϣڣĻѧۣȻǴɣ˿ĵȼ
ÿԸһ¡
ݣȫܳԼдģ£ǳ£Ե߸֪֣ڵ࣬ŽֻһĿܡ
еĿܣǻѾеĽѧ֪ʶģȻܳ䣬൱ǽǰ˵Ŭͼ
ϱ⴫дõġȻͿǰ£һûƵġܳɽðȲҪ˵ȥ
˵ܳҪѧϰĵȼ͹淶ǶҽѧĴô۵ĳ֣Ǿѧһηˣ
Ҫ֪ԽǻԵĶԽѳ£һҪôһ

Ϊʲôʡ
ȿˣ֪ˣǧҪ⴫Ŀǰֻ֪κ˶Ҫ֪ģΪûг׵ơܳЦŴ֡
ͬʱߣҪġ
Ǿʱǳ죬Ȼһͷ뵽ܳɸȥǸĵˡ
ţֱ˳Ĭ
ˡ
һ֪ķ˵СŮƵġ
ܳŬؼһЦݣܳȴܴصҪ֪ϵʩչӡ֤ģˣҪҡ
ȻĻһȥҺܶ˰æС
Ӧ̧ͷ˵ͷţϵ̫ؼˣе˼飬ȷǺƺء
ܳɣҲҪ뵽Ŀ㲻ܿҡŻ˻Сȭͷ
֮ǰܳ˺£ûӦĲУһΣ֪ԼĲУ㣬Լﵽһ߶ȣ


ٶʮ ˾ˣ
ұܿѽ֮ǰһֱĿ⣬ֻרҵ̫Կڶѡܳɿ˰Ļش𣬾СеЦ
Ƶ棬֣صص˵ͷȻʣܳɣǴ֪ôֵֹĶѽ
㿴Сппλڹ̶Ǹ̺޸Ŀ⣬ʡЦƵһرĻ⡣
ǴٴİҲ֪֮ǰһֱڴƣӵеĲ֣ǴˡЩô
Ҫôˣ˵򵥣ʵҪѼ졢񾭡ѪЩ׺ȻڹĦЩʱ򣬾ͻһЩ뷨˼·
ǹǿƵĻǰҲûлӴ˶ҽѧؽЩȻĻҿҪ޵ķǹؽں˶ҽѧ߹ǲˡܳģĴڡ
ܸ˵ȻĻʱģ浽ɶЩɶԼһһ˵
ǲܵġ
ܳڸԼŵ·ӺȵģȻӵкܶؽԼ˶ҽѧܣ¶ļܡ
ʲôʱʺóʲôóǲǹؼ
ȻһʼǴƵҽǾһһݡ
һƵҽ۵Ŀ⣬ַλĿ⣬ô֣ͻȻһܹȥؽƵĿ⣬ôͣ
û취͡
ȵһʱۺܳ˵ҪԼѧջȫһתܲ
磬ǽ磬ܳԼһĿ㡣
Լһ˷һļ壬Ϊ㣬ĶȻ˵ãҪ̨ϣúõһȦ
ۣ˹ܳʱҲֻȥһô򵥡
·ԶʱҲԼҲᣬܳɲż
ȰѻãԼӲʵ⣬оԼڿСרҵϵĻۣ㹻Ļȥˣȹ̣˭Ҷ˵ʲô
Լܳɻã߮ģѪϣͻУڵ߮磬Ҳ躹ޣ֪ǲ˼
ЩÿʱȥۣܹһͺʵĲΡ
Ľ㡣ˣ˵СԴ۾һ졣
ܳɾ˵϶ҲģĽҸʵ˵ʵҿʼ֮ǰҿ׼˺ܾúܾõġ
ܳɹװƣ
ȻҲΪ˸ӺؽԼļԴȻĻԼŮѶ˵ˣôȥ˵أ
Ҳ֮ǰܳɵ˿̣죬ЦЦ°۾鶯գͣԺ飬Ͷ
š
ŶˣҪۣٴĻҽȥһĿ⡣
ֱãĽѧ׼һȥƣܺõһչʽܳǼòظСŮƱͿ⡣
ϾǸСһ׷ӣڸܳɻرʱˡ
ʵֻЦ˼
ǻơڿƻһЩңǽѧΪʻҪ˸ı䣬ĲֻڵĴ𣬶Ƕҽѧ磬кܴӰ졣
ͺñȣܳģڶǻ϶ۣѧãǶ
ǰͳƵԴΪȻ߮֧Ϊؽ
ǣǻ϶ۣȴܹﵽҪļ⣬Ϳ԰Щ
õҩﱾҩԣȻѧ۽ϣĶ
۾ǽذϣͬһֻСССèʣܳɣۣǰ͸¶ңǲǾ̫ˣҪȷɡ
һ֣ͱʦ߽ڣȥ
ĿѧߣӵΪĲ׽µĶ󣬴һʱ䲻ɣ˼ĶܲΪԼãȻȥ˼١
֪ʶۣǿ
ܳ΢Ц˵϶ûаֺöΪʲôҪñ˽ȵˣ
ǻˡ
һش⣬Ȼ˵С̣Ҫ뵽һ㣬Ҫķѵʱġ
ھ͸ĳˣˮ¥̨ȵ£ˮ
ͬ˼Էȫһ
˵üñȽϺʣСȽϺأЦõȻЦһָֻһɫ
ðɣʵõǺӣĿǰõļԱȽϴ󣬶ĽṹҲƣܳɸпһ
ģ棬һЩĽݾʵ磬Щݾǲߵġ
ĿǰҽѧѧἰѧЭᣬҽѧʵ׼Ŀɲ޵ģ˵Ĳ鶯Υ֮С
Ŷ͵͵ڹǹѽ
ãҹ͵͵ȥԤһӡɫ΢΢Щ࣬ǳС
ܵ仯ܳɸϽʣôˣоոյ仯̫԰
ǰܳɿܻ᲻Щ仯ڵĶǷǳġ
죬ҡҡͷƺǲ׼ܳ˵ʵӡ
ܳɾͼʣ㿴ʲô㽲ȴʵǲǶкܴĽ䱸İ
ܳɴ̹˳ģжǰԻһ
ɫһȻ赭д˵ܳɣûйҪ㣬ҪǿһЩ߰¶
ҲֻǸѧϰѧֱӸսڣԿһЩ΢ʡ
£ǰͺ˾ռߣ϶Ҳû˵ѽ죬˻ص
ܳˣʱ˷ۣ˵һĺܾöûˣһħԺʦȥѦ޵½ϵʱ򡣵Ǻܿ죬ͱѹ
ʱ㶼ħҶ֪ˣô˼ֱӸ˵Щأ
ʵҲӦԾ飬㲻ȥô˵ֱԼӲʵȥԼרҵˮƽ΢ʾȻˡ
ʱ򡭡ܳɾ͸»عһ飬ԼʱѦ޵ϵסԺʤоദ顣
ܳû̫಻ãǺĲãͽˡ
Դ޵ģЩռˣ˾ֱûˡ
£ҪһЩԸƣֻñ˿õЩֻƾԼʵعȥǰʥҲҪԼʵֳ
֪ѽǰЩ죬˵˱Ƚ϶࣬ڶѾˣûˣһϣ֤һ£սڵѡȷġ
ʦͦã΢οһ㡣
˵⣬΢һ£֮ǰмʦ㣬Ϊ⣬ܹҲҪս⣬Ȼ󡣡
ˣҾͲ˵ˣҪǺѽǵı仯ԶԶദϼҽʦ仯ʡ
ҿɻǼǵãڰҽԺʱǸڡǺܿذѻתƵܳϡ
ܳɻΪһ侲ߣ˵˴ʮӺ
ܳɾһ䣺ЩǵôǲǺѹ
ܳɿһ㣬ѱ˵Ӣ¼ʱ̼ˣǸԼһĿ꣬Ƿȥ׾ͳΪĽġ
ܳɿɲϣԼΪͷһĽᡣ
ǰô룬ܳɶνʱˣ԰ôԼ飬û̫Ľƽߡ
ڲһˣƽ߷ƫС
ܳɵ˼ûзԣҲڳų飬ֻܳ־ӸµģԺܵȻ̬
ѹ϶еѽ밡ô㣬ڻֻǸٴС񡣡
֪ҵģΪĸš
֪ҵģΪֻߵһֻСƿأɶᣬɶҲǡ
Цŷ
֪ܳ˵ʵҲȷеÿǰҲǸƿеӣҪǿҪ֮ǰʱ򣬾һֱһֱŬ
ܳǿЦ˵Ųͦõôڴ۰
о仰˵úôٲ֪źãŮɱ겻֪š
Ͻϣޣʲô߰Ļ㲻ô˵
ʾ˿飬ȣҡΣָܳɣ˾档
ΪԶԲԵЩŵӺòȻںԼòҲǲܳôڮٵģܳɡ
ôô֣
˼άֿʼѰ˼˼ʵȥ
Ůӵ˼룬ʱôѡ
СţÿĸţŮţҿٷܶʮ꣡ܳһصϷŰ
ͬʱ룬仰ʵģģ棬ҵİɲֹ˶ʮķܶŬ
Լܹ֮ģ⵽ô༼ܣӹΰ
Ȼ½ҲһȽϺĵ㣬ǰģ棬ǿˣΪԼֵԣԼӵһٷܶʸ
ԼͰദ֮󰡣ְͲǸֵأҲ֪֮䣬ǲǳʲôҡ
е
ͷƺЩֶܳ޿κεӣ֣˵ܳɣܲܲҪô˵ѽ
ʵһͨŮô˵һΪΪҵļŻദġ
һúܺ¡
ܳæοŰЩӣãԺԲ˵ˡ
ʱ⣬ǺܿҸоݵģʵܳɿĵĶܶ࣬ҾĲһ뵽һЩϺġ
ڣʱָʮʮֵʱܳɾðȥϢˡ
ܳߣҲٴεشĥ˶ڿҽѧѧϰ
һҹ޻
ϣܳʱ򣬾ʹ¬һܺõϢǴӽҽԺģȥǸˣĿǰѾ˹
ңĹţƺΪ˺ڣ˾Ҳӽ
ܳЩúϲֺǱ
Ǻúõһˣð޺ĹӣԸճɾͣĪԵ
ܳĿǰ԰ڴõġ
ܳҲ֪һԣܽˣδؾˣֻһ֮Եᣬʹպˣܹҵ֪˵ģǼٵġ
Ȼ¬˵Ǹ˵裬ҪܳƵţɣԱл⣬ĸл֮ġ
ҪܳǮ¬Ͱؾˡ
һǮܳҪõĻڽеʱ򣬿϶ֱˡ
ڶҪ϶ͨ绰һ¼ܳɾٱֱggԣ͸ĳ
¬ŵеţۣӣƵţ⣬ĳͲҪƴ˰ɣҽ
ܳɸпһ£һҪҵʱ£
㲻µģǮԷܻˣֳԵĶˣҲδػ̫Ӱ죬ȻһƬĻҽͱٶ˵˿
ҽӵ绰ʱ򣬶ܹܵ˵ĳ֮ģʵڲþܾ¬򶼲ҪܳȥֱӰѶˡ
ܳҲ͵˵ͷȻ㣬ⶫĸһݣһݣŵһԡ
ûʲô£¬дѵʱ̸ܳ
һźĿǰ¬ܽҽǿҵʵɹ۰飬Ѿ˶ʮ̨ⶼҰµˡ
ĿǰǿҵЩˣãܶ˳Ժʱ򣬶ǵĹܴҽҪϵʽء
ңҽ֪𣬲˰һѽȺֶҲȥò˲ӡǲ֪ĿǰͯκȫϵĲˣȺܴ󡣡
˵ǳϣܹȫκͯԿʹҲԿʹǾܾˡ
ҪһǾҽ㽲е׵ۺҽԺǴƵרҽԺǲֻһֲ¬Щʶġ
ܳɺܿѻ˹ȥЩĿЧǻԺǰһ϶ˣĿָгԺĿָҪһ㡣
һ㳣Ҫһ£ܹӵȣһ£ʯ࣬Ƚ׵
ֻܸܳ¬ôΪڲֱӲܴ¼ҽôͲ̸ɵĳԺһһȫȥʣϣ¬ܹӣպøʱĹء
ʱܳɿܶڳˣˣĻһʲô⣬ҲΪ鷳
¬ϵҽˣǻͳһ¶ʯ࣬ȻģҴġ
ܳӵģȻȥЩ¡Ҫѧ´ãҲѧϰһֻ̬
Ȼ¬ִ˴֣ʣҽãҺǴʲôʱ򣬿ԿʼӴ΢۵ҲĦʮ̨о΢е
ܳһ£Ѧ޵ǿһڣǽڿһ̨Ǳʲôʲô
ջǵ¬ΣҾãǱյ㣬¬κǰַλϰʱ򣬲ٿʼ
ĻֻΪ˹۵ַλȥظôԺҪɺϰͺˡ
¬ԣ͵˵ͷԣҽ˵ĺܶԡ
ż¬ҲûôļҪܳɵôãԼˡ
ţ¬ʳһܹؼ⣺ҽǸICUķ죬ǳҪתǿңߣʲô뷨ûУ
ҽʵҲѴģԺж෽ѹҸˣ治̫þܾ¬ɬ˵
̧ܳͷ˵ǾתȻ˵ļǿҵҽԺҪתǿңǾǩת¡
ܳɺ¬ѹļҾһ㣬Ĺϵ϶Ҳһ㣬ڣҪҹϵﱾǱ˵Ĺϵ
ǣܳͨǸ쿭ȻĻĸȷһ¡
ǾǣԼֻǸҽҪΪ˴е۹ȥˣͰԼҲߡ
ҽҽԺôЩˣ·ֳʲôΣܳɶûϵܳĶλҽԺĲˡ
˿ԼϣǼ򵥵عҽƹϵһһԸҽƽ飬˶ѡ
ʱ
ԼĶǲҪȥ㡣ƽ鷳
˵䲻ģڲģܳɸùܵô
һ͹۵ĽǶȣվҽĽǶȣҽıְѡ顣
룬ҲȥУûνƶ֮֡
һ㣬ܳȴѾģԼһˣǹߣҽԺ¬ŪĹߣܲϵĲϣþܾģҪѧܾ
ҽܿڣòˣҾ㣬ͬⰡ¬˲䣬ϲЦ⡣
ܳ˵¬Σ⻰ˣҽҽԺֻѧϰģһУģģģʵҲ൱ޡ
ģ¬
ܳɵĻûϲŭ̬ƽȴһ¬ʮǧľ롣
¬Цһ
ҪЩʲôʱܳȴѾˣ¬Σ鷿ѾˣҲѾˣһЩҪȻȥˡ
飬Ҫ¬ˡ
ֹȷԼ飬ܳɸ¬̬ҪǵĹϵжãֻĹϵѣһΡ
ǣһΣҪٰҵߣδػô˵ˡ
ʵܳǱų֮ġ
ڼʱ¬Լ绰Ҳ޿ɺǣһΣת飬ԼȥICU鷿飬¬Լûܶסѹ
ܳȥЩ£ܳɾҪ¬ˡ
¬򶥵סܳɲһܺõѣ֮ٰѡʱվڿ͹۵ĽǶȵģûס֤¬վƫߵĽǶˡ
ICUΣǿҪ󣬵¬ǿҵػظ
ָܳԱڱҽʦæʲôܳȫǳ顣
˭TMרҺͽȥܳ
ָԱĻǸǿסԺģ
ȻܳҲ֪¬ǲ׵ģĲģҶףٺܶʱ򣬶Ҫѡҵѡ񣬱Ǻܴģһרҵһѿãһ⣬ѧ
ѧϰˣЩڴרҵڵ顣

ĶǾ۴ˡ
¬ΣȻȥˡ˵꣬ܳɺܿغ¬ٵһ£
ҽҡ¬æվ
ܳɾͶ¬Цҡҡͷˣ¬Ρ
Ҷǳ˰ÿ˶ԼѡҲҪΪԼѡûжԴֻǿԵԭ͵㲻Ҫȥ˵ʹҲȥĵ͹ȡ
ܳɸ¬ܶѽ
ֱܳ뿪˰칫ң¬ɫ粻
ܹܵܳദе䵭ĥһȦҲԼûʲô
еʧû취顣
ܳܳɰڳȦ죬ǲȥЩ£ھУȴ˾Թ۵ġ
Ҫѡѡ񣬾Ҫһ¬ãܳɲԼͨΣϾ뷽ദǻ鷳ġ
ܳѴģ
Ҷԭ֮£໥ݺ⣬Ƕ˵
ߣôܳɾͲ㽲̫ģҶ԰ãҲ޷Խߣһоͽˡ
ԺԼ˼ٴܳɵĵ绰ܳɾδػˡ
Ժ󣬿ܾûôԺˡ
ܳû£رȥֱֻӻص˼дһЩܳҪдĶܶ࣬ѧۼǿƲּܵĵȼʽ
оǻѧۣЩҪơ
Щʱ䣬£п¬ȥӴʲôһף
ǵģ¬Ӳ飬ڣͨԼŬ͹ϵҿʱһףҵ飬ҵĵԴ
ҿв᳣νʵʡ
ʦ̸ҵһйԪƽ
ִ̻
ţҲ̻һ֡


ٶʮһ ȥ
գ֮վɿ˵ͣȻĬĬ¥ҵĸңϴַ󣬻һ㱳Աů
ΪҽҪټӰƵľ۹ã˻ҽ¶Ȼߣ¶Ȳһ㣬䤱
һ㣬ġ
ԤҵԼĴʦչԴڣ˿̵չԴڣǰվˣҲ£ﻹ֮Ķüͷš
ˣ죬Ϊſ֣ʶֻȺչԴڣк
Ŷ˰չԴæļۣȻͰк󣬶λŮ˵ȳȥһ°ɣҵȻٸظ
ֲֵĺʦѧϰʦͬѧô
չԴҡҡͷǣҲǡ
ˣȥһΰ칫Ұɣе飬Ҫ˵չԴ棬ŸӺź
ɵؿչԴһۣսڵ̬ʱ򣬸֣ЩǣҪչԴЩʦǣˣȡԼڵλðɡ
չԴǲʿʦȻУҲҪʼˣ
ҽԺӦûаĽѧϰʱ䣬ȻҪȥ˰ɣչԴŰ˰칫Һʡ
ǵģʦʦڵʦҼãһѧϰĻҲҸʱͻᡣͣչԴʲô
ԺƶҪģչԴȾߣŬֺãǾЩԶˡ
ܵŰ࣬ˣҽԺҽƣ˵ҲһȶʱˣӽȡֻǴһ̫ʡ
뷨ȥҵִҵһ£ôչԴʰ
ѾμִҵҽʦĿԣɼѾˣȻûõ֤飬ҲѾҽԺִҵ֤㰲ѧϰ
㶣̧ͷʣʦҲȥ𣿡
һĵչԴΪΣȥŵģԼĿǰҲûرҪȥִҵΪʲôİţ
ǡҲȥһȥȽϼ򵥣͸ǱߵļչԴ˵ţƺ಻ȥˡ
ֱ˵ҪļѧɼҲģҪңҽԺҲԸԾ룬֧ߡ
ֻһԺĽһߣǿЩӡ
ԣĬĬ͡
ԣԼħʱҲħ
ô֪ǼĹϵԼĹϵϾֻʡħ޵ġ
֮ǰвٵʦΪչԴڣᣬǶԼˣڣҲ˼ĹϵԣͱҪ뿪
ҲûرίչԴȻƾˣ̫þܾңҪ滻ʦ㣬ʵҲģȻĻչԴҲô׵Լȥҡ
˵ʦȻҽԺİŵĻҲǷӰŵġ
ֻǣʦѵҽԺʦֻȫɶ𣿡
ѹϵ֣ȥˡ
չԴҡͷʱȲǵģϾ˶ʿһ꼶
Ҳþܾɣǰʱ򣬸ҵȷǱȽһˡչԴ˵ñȽϺ
ҲչԴ˼һллʦʱĴ̣ʦģȥңҲиʱʲôʵĻҲʦ̵ġ
ңʱʦҲٶҿȥӡ֤һԼʵ
ͻȻܹԵ˵ûкǿӲ
ǣ̬ȣȴչԴһ
ˣɽɽʣȷǺܲģʵԸһֱȥǾԺоչԴʲô˵
ǣڰֻǸ˼ұԺѧҪѧϰᣬչԴ治Ϊ˽ġ
Ͼ츳Ů޶Ȱ
úѧϰɣȵлˣʱģ˭Ҳö˵ʲôչԴҲֻ̾
ȻչԴ˰䡣
չԴͷ֣ûΪʧ䣬ȻҵҵŸ
˵ҲеεģⰲģҪԼ𡯳ȥʵĲ̡
ңڰ費̬ȣҲΪЩۡ
չԴ֪ڽ֮ǰһĬĬطܶŬ˱ʺ˶ʮ꣬£ʵҲ˾ռߣ̫Ӱ쵽̬
ĹȻ棬ƺ̫ʧ䡣
ͬһһֱæӣͺչԴһңһĹ
뿪ʱظչԴݰݵĶ
ݰݣĩ֡չԴӦ
壬ܿʼҪȥˡ
ƵŰ࣬ÿŵģһİࡣչԴ밲ԸģǱҪؼΪɸܾˡ
û˵ɶ°֮󣬸Ͻ¥ԼϴӼС䣬ֱӴȥ˻Ϸɻ
Ȼ󣬵ϣͺܳɿʼ²
ܳɣұҵʦǰŵװ׵ģᰡȻûȥ
ҲչԴΪѣҼȻҹϵģǾֻŶ
չԴѡûģԼҪѧϰĵطܶࡣ
ô˵˷ɻûУܳˣģգԼ̨ܳɾͻؼҼѧϰϡ
ǲԼԼ顣
ȫĿͶѧϰϵʱ䣬ĺѵãڣܳѾһϵͳľֲѧˡ
һϵͳͺˣһҪƲſԡ
¬Ҳû绰Ҳ֪ǲûҲ֮ܳǰ¬̸Ǻʡ
ദҪôģҪô߳
ĵģǹϵõģ߳ģǾ󲿷ˣ
ȥ·ϣ°ࡣܳɺ
ܳɱ༭ϢҲϵˣʦǣôˣ۸ҪҪҰ˵°
ܳǾ˼ǣġ
ʦ۸رĻܹ˵ϻģϾܳĿǰھԺãӰҲСһλʦƵˣҲٻӡ
Ϊܳɸǿƴһ޶缶ʱҲ˶һ޶⡣
˵һ֣΢
ǵãʦǶֶͨΣҼˣû취Ƿ±Ҷ࣬Һãʦ˵ǵļҲǿ
йϵǶʦѧϰĻҲ̫ƽˡúܿ
Ȼ˵ǣܳɣ֪𣿿ҪȥҵҲǸһĲһ˵ֻж棬رʦֺʦ㣬ִܹҵء
ʧ֪Ǹ
ִҵǺѵõһᣬͨרҵ˶ʿҪִҵҪκ͸ͬģԵһ䣬һĿ϶
ܹʵһ֣һ֣ȻҲǲҲǿڰҲйϵķϣĳ
ңⲻ˾ͷôܳԣЦ˵
һҪȥǿʵģʵʩģȻҰĲȽϼʺϡ
סԺң඼ǱȽ֢Ҳʡ
СٺʲˡȻܾҪȥʱֱӿչǳȥȵ˶飬ܳ߰ϵ󣬰Ͼܹһʱȥչ
ңʱܳһɶʵʬʵоǰѻΣִҵ£пʱ䡣
ٶãԷɳлħ
ܳɵʱ䣬ʵҲȽϷḻ
һܶʱ䣬ܳȫԷħȥ⣬ҲԴڳм¬λ˵㷺Ŀ
֧ʱܶࡣ
һΣ֮Իܳɷŵдµļͽѧһ棬һ棬ҲӦܳɵܳиѧϰͿʱ䣡
ܳˣûпʱȥĻô죿
ҾҲģʦοҵʱҲЩϲ
ȻҲܺ£ԼˡϾǸʱ򣬾ûʦʱʱ̵̿ظˡܳ˵ԼĹǡ
סԺϼҽʦİ࣬ʱϼҽʦƶ棬õĺܶͻķա
ԼִҵȻҲϼҽʦ򣬵ҪԼȥ룬ȻĻĬԵִҵġ
ܳɾϻظǺ°ִҵ֤ѾսϿ˵ġ
ȻĻܷ㵥ȥˡϲŶ
ÿҪɳӥɣ
һ죬ҪȥִҵعңǴԼŶЩֻǰһСȻǱȵģǰߣҲһǻ¡
ħԺֲǿЦĵط
ĿǰʵһҽԺ˶ʿ̫࣬ǶֱܹȥؼҽԺȻûġ
ţҲֻЩܳɣһǰͿʼִҵˣʱ𣿡һܳɵ̬
°Լִҵû˹ˣԼҪˡ
Ҳãֻǵں飬ڵĲˣҪӺ£Լ²¸Ϻƴ󡣡
֮Ҳͻ֣ᷢʵԼѧõģЩĳɾ͸СܳɾֱӰԼ˳
֮ǰ˵°ڷǰȻǰһô϶ܹˣһǰʵġ
ܳɵеʱ򣬰ڣǺġ
ҽѧǶϷһܴ⣬ÿǰܳɶǰذѲ˵ļʽһĥϣȻſ˯š
ĿǰΪֹûرѵģҪܳʳѰ֡
ΪܳĿǰļܴ̫ǿˣܳرĴڻߴϵѹˣ˯ž
ûãǵĻǸ˯ž
ԭҲẦ°һΪ㡣һ͵Цı顣
Ϊ˻ŵЩ֪롣
ȻẦ£ҲҪżңȼǲ֪¸ʲôǰźá
Ԥ֪£׵İѲ˵ǰϤ˽⣬ñȽϼ򵥡ʱ򣬾͸û̫ѹˡ
ңʵڲеĻȥʾϼϼҽʦԾܾġܳɼ˵Լᡣ
֮ǰܳڰҽԺִҵַλʱܳҲûЩ־壬ʱΪ¶ַλ
ʱֻҪѶ̫Сûرսԡ
ңִҵʱ򣬻һƱȨ
ΪܳɿԼȥжԼûа£˵ģǾȥ˰
ҲһģԼò£ȥϼҽʦ
ҽһ涨ǣԳԼڶ̴
תԺϼ
㲻Ҫȷ㲻£ȥִҵ˵ȥΥɵģ
߮統ǿһ㣬˺ܶ鷳
ܳģʵ֮߮ǰʣµġ
ܳɻǵãҲһϵܶ˺ܶϵҵ߮Ƕ˹ˣű˺ܶ鷳¡
飬ܳԼûҲ̶Ͼ̸֮࣬۹
ڣ¬Ĵʽ֮ͬ
߹أ
ллŶܳɡллҽЩ۾ظҸ
ҲãһԼǰѣһܲ飬ԼʱԼܶྭԵĶЩ
һζֻǿıӰ
㻹ʲô
˻ȳԵ㶫ȻǻҪȥ
ǣǿҪס棬ûȥˡָܳǿһ䡣
Ϣ˵ͷȥһ֣š
ܼ
ܾ֮ǰ֮ǰʹ˵ģԣڼǷʽһһҲûʲôѽ
Լ꣬жʮˣҲСˡ
Ǹʫ꣡
ˣ

˷ɻ֮ܳɾһֱڶʱ䣬ڰķɻһСʱܳɾǰ򳵣˻һ˾ȱߣȻҪȥվ΢Ǯ
˾ҲȻͬ⣬˲СĻҲֻϢСʱѡ
׼ʱ˷ɻȻʱܳþڳվڵˣСɿɰ䣬Ŭظܳ֡
ܳæȥӹӣûûԶĻǾȥԵ㣬ڵʱ仹е㡣
Ȼ⳵ߣ
Űŵ˳Ϻ˲žڳվԸۣһ棬ȵ棬ٴȥԺóԵġζŶ
һֱܳɵϼʲôܳҲ͸ˣԵĶȦɵ㣬羰˵㣬Ķܳ¾ɡ
û£ҺܺνĺؿζʲôЩڴ
˹Ȼڻվڳţףÿ˳˼ڣûζĨȥϳˡ
ڻϣú󣬰ЦܳɣĿζŶǰǲʳġ
⻰ܳɳϣ֮ǰܳûоʳԼֻСԻ죬Ըʳ
ǾܶʳܳѾһСԻķˣʳҲһҪġ
ΪӣԺóԵģȻȻҳԵö࣬˻ΪܳءܳĲһ
ðɣ˵ҲеԼа˷ֶСӣýս϶㡣
Ȼ󣬾Сʱĳ̣̤صء
ػվſڣεθвȻֻƴĳ⳵󣬲ʮ·һʮĸ˲ߡ
һۣÿ˶ʮͳˡ
ˣóԾϼߣô𣿳⳵
зԣϲǻţģɱָ𣿹ҵĶûùܳҲЦƵĻء
⳵ʦǸˣ˵öİɣأʵΪ˺ܺÿ͵ġ
ʦô˵ţͬͬǶŰԼ΢Ŷά¶һס
ܳɿˣ΢΢һñػʦ˵Ůѡҳġ
⻰Ǹ˾ҲڷԸǰŸʻǸǶʵ㡣
Ȼǰֻ˻ȥ
ֻǴˣɵģҪڱǽŵĻǲһȥֵġ
͵ֻб˲õСſڣܳɾͽܣ棬ʮǮһˣʮųе¹ֲȫͬ
ɺóˡ
ߣȥԡӣŵ˺Ũζ̲ס˽ȥ
ҽ飬ǵһ⡣
Ȼٵһ⳴ɶټһزˣûشˡܳɽܡ
ġ
ܿ죬ϰܲ£длζܲھͰζٴ̼ˣܲŹûеζζ΢˵㡣
Ȼʧȥ¡
Լӵģĺȣ̫ȣǶĻⶫҪ롣ֽܳ͡
ŶŶǾͺ롣
Ȼ浽Լӻʱͺˣĸʳһߺˮһ˵źóԡ
⣬֣ηĸɶ˿ˣһֶصζټֵİײˣ
νζض塣
ǰԼȶˣԲŰɰǣĶӾŲˡ
棬еɽ͵ζζʮ㣬ûζеľŴҶζзζ
ա
Ϳʼ˵Ȼ˺þãҪϢһϵʱ򣬰Ϳʼֻ˼Щɢҡ
ܳɿ˰飬˵ȥƵɣﲻԶһҾƵ꣬ǰˣһ˵绰䷿
ܳɲͰʲô·ʲôþֻһ˫˴֡
һ̬һЦȻ˳ȥ
վڽϣİľɫİǿգŶС棬ϵİȻҲ޺˸ǽϻû̫ˣҳҲǺܶࡣ
żѹ·ХԵ
Ҳ£ûбʲôعҵȾ
ܳɣ棬࣬źܶԽĵƻѾҲģ߿֮󣬽ȥɣǴӸŮܳЦ˵
ǻķۣǧѹ󣬵ʵͦߵģ
ҽͨ뺷ڻˣǰѧʱۿѧУſһѧһȺĦгˣ˸ŵˡܳɸпš
ǰ磬ϻдܵģڻûˣڣصľ絽ʲôز˴յñȽ϶࣬ǰ¿Ʋס
ЩܳȻûϵ
˲е˾Ƶһһ䣬š
ܳɺͰһ˽һ䣬Ȼڴϣ﷢Ϣ
ϰߣһʱǲƵġ
ǣĵһʱ򣬰
ŵøϽס˱ӣ
Ȼ󿴵ܳ΢﷢Ϣ˵ţŵҡ
ܳɵſڡ
һ˿Լ˯£ȻϽһ£ŰŴ򿪣ǾƵ꣬ĳ裬Բġ
סţָŵе㲻֪롣
ܳɵſڣͷ˵ҾǾãڲذҪĻͲõֻģȻǸϰˡ
߽ܳͣأ
ᰡҪ˼Ļ֪·ɻٵġ
ϻ˲٣Щ·ôѧģ
˵ţǰŹˡ
̫ѧϰ;ˣС˵ѳɶġҾǾã첻ôĺáܳߵ׼һϡ
ܳɾ°̫ϰСسСݣѡִ׼ľƵ꣬һЩ
ҲܳɵĶ棺ҪʲôأҾϲ⡣
ʶҪԼĽŷϵӣ̫ʣΪʱֻ¶ͷڲ㡣
סˡ
ܳɾ˵ҿ϶ϲⰡʲô㶼µˣͲôķˡ
سôǲǾͰƴ󣿡ܳɽתƻ⡣
ҾðܰС
ҽ棬ûҲСҲܰ
ܳɾ˵ʱ򣬰ʱ򣬾ͻῪʼˣǰĲгһң棬ﻹҪӰ
ԣͻȻ뵽ܳﲻг𣿡
Ϊʲôһǣ
Ȼһʡ
ܳǲܶ԰˵бĲ⿩ͽ˵濪ҪһСʱ˯˯ˣ
ңģҪǼĴ޵ģҰһţǻûúõط
£Ҳʹ󣬲ŸǽҲҪȥġĽһӾ˴Ȼ̺ˣҲûͻɶġ
Ұ֪ҪһȽϺõĴ㣬ǲȥû˼
ʵ
Ҫ֪ܳɶ㻳ɣԼǲˣΪд˰ǧĴܳ˯Ĵ̣ԼϼҴ֣㼸ʱ򣬲Ųٶ࣬˵úܡ
Щ˼ص˵ͷˣǲǸ鷳
ܳɵļҾرã֪ġ
ȻûаҰǿģǱȽѽţ룬Ұ˻Ǻܺõģ֮ǰҲȽʵҲеؾ˼Ҹһ£𲻸˰
ӳɼ֮˼Ҵ󲿷ֶһסȻϱҺ˾ͻẦԼ֮ġЩˣӵĶҶ
кõĴҲ˯ĿյҲҶǾ±Ǹ㻵ˣ±֡
ʵ뷨еܳ˵ԼĵĹ۸봥
ôأɴ۾үү̣ɲ裬ڼӣڶڴҲ
ǹĲһǣҵ˼ǣҰǸ㽲ʲôֵĻرⰡȻҲò֣ܳһ
һ֮Ըҡܳɼ˵
ҲڣܳɲôģǰܳɿûЩ
İɣġ

ˣ߰˰˵˺ܾãܳɾͿ˿ʱ䣬˵ˣȻȥˡ
˯ɣܳЦЦ׼վ
ɰȴͻȻסܳɣҧҧǳɵ˵ܳɣҪȥ˰ɣ
һˣİĻе㲻ϰߡ
ܳɾ˵Уһȥһӣ˯ɳ㿴Բ
룬͵ص˵ͷ
ܳɿŰ飬ЦСӣҰ֪֪ЩǲʵģţЩ£ɲ㡣
Ȼⲻܳ뷨
ܳɽ󣬾űӣͷֳɵġ
Ȼ˾˯С
ֻǣܳɻ˯Ժʱ򣬻ŰŤĹߣȻܰȻԿܳ΢΢̧ͷͷ֣ŵؿ
¶һͷ·ڿûвʵƵġ
ܳЦЦûᡣ
ǹһԼűӳˣ˵һ˯ţһ˯ɳòá
㲻˯£űӣĿյ¶ȺܵͣҪӣ
ܳŲŲλãɳǺܿܳŲȥ󣬻кܴһأܳɾ˵Ǻαأźö˶˵Ĵ˯˯ɳ
˯ϣ㲻ʵ˯ˣԼıӸǺãƽϢ
һͷ֣ܳ͵͵ذѽԼı
ʱ˶ֱֺ£ֽš
ǣܳҲûٶɶĽźͺ²ʧҲϮ˯ȥ
գ
ߵ࣬˵㣬ܳɺͰ˾ͱˡ
¥ϴӵ
һüһһȺͷ̫̫￪ʼ齫ȻĽȣʵû˯ˡ
Ȼܳɡ
Ǹ㽲ģسϣǾԲһġЩܳ硣


ٶʮ СǸС
һܳͬѧͱͬ־˳ȥ
Ȼھŵӵʱ򣬲óŵ׼ܳɴһھƵ棬˷ֱ߳Ƶ꣬žƵ棬㳡һȺү塢衢졢ӽ֯
Ľ
ˣСƵġû˻ע⵽ǵġܳɸоЩЦϣǰ˵Լ£ԼסǱɳϣȻܹġ
ڳƵ꣬͵͵ģسԼʶƵġ
ܳɵĻ꣬Ϳ滨̨̳ϵ趼߿˹ܴ󣺡G㿴ǸúùŶˡ
ڻսڶһģܴ󣬲฽ܶ˶˹ԼȹӣܳҲϽŰˡ
ðɣ͹˴ĵĳ̶Լɤŵս
ʲô˼·˶棬ܳɣǸûĴʻ㣬ù⣬Ǻÿ˼
ǿϧûҵĶϱϱ˼ɣڼҡܳһЦ˲ůůģŰȻԼС밲Ӳԣֵַǰơ
˳ֵץס˰֣ߣҴȥصվĹɶӣ֤û
ûر𿹾ܣֹԹԵزƤЩУһ˵ζ
ѧĽǶȣġָĴֲǳḻжڽϸߵĲλˣŮӵ֣Ǻбǻĸоġ
§ס§סŮӵҲǸΪеġ
ܳûô࣬Ǹܣ֣ǱȥسԹֵĵطǰин֣ǲˣھһЩߵӣҲмС͵̳Ҷѧ֮Žġ
Ҳ֪
ŶǰĳУĶȽϱˣǰǽзʳУڸˣ࡭
ǸУ㿴سǵ˶֪ĲгͲ˶ˣرϵʱ֯
ʱ򣬲ɢģ򼸽û㣬ġ
ǰһҷ۹ݣڸĳˮˣˮҲù󣬺ɳвࡣϵʱ㿴ûɶģϵʱ򣬺ܶСġ
ǰ棬Ǹ·ڵ̳棬һҵӰԺڣ̳Ʋˣ涼˳
̳ǱȽϤģ΢ȣ̳Ʋ
سǵˮƽȽϵͣԸѵ˲ɣھֻпϵ»иϣţ滹иĳУˡ
Ŷ棬һУ˵ĶǶ⣬ûвгá
ҪҪȥͽ顣
ʲôٶģ㡣Ȼص棬Ǹ⣬ǲŽһ㡣
Ҹ˵Ǹ⣬ʲôӣͷΣȻڹ棬涼ŵζ⣬Ҳͦζġ
ûַҲڵɽʺʵǺԵǸʣࡣ
ȻĻҲĻ㣬㻳֣˺ؿζҲ͡
Ҹ㽲ǰϼģסľǴ⣬Ǹ⡣
Լ׫һ仰Ƭµ
ңŶӣ飬óˡǼԼһֻԱſУ棬Ҳܺóԡ
Ŷˣһ㽲ʢļڣҲˣɽϻҰģʵɽǸɽζҲˣԲߡ
оǣɽȽϸߣˮȽǳûд㣬Сʯߣըը͸Լժһ΢ˮһ£Ҿ¶Сеζ
ţҲһģţǸţٲܹڽһΣã򵽡
ɽɽ۷ʢը֮òһ⣬Զȡ٣Ұ϶д϶пڷˣӵ⣬ӵζá
ܳɽţЩмһˣ˵ģ˵ģǴ⣬ײˣܲͬطζǲһġ
رԽǸɽζԽã࣬ڸ泬ģȫһ㡣
֪ܳԣһ·Щ
Ȼ󣬰ܿͼʶ˹ӣȻҲǰСʱһˣ׼ʱܳɵ磬¾ֻܼվˡ
棬¨ָӣ˿ռ䣬һǰ̣ܳվȽϺͰ׵һ£磬Ī̿Ѭúܡ
ܳվĽʵǸ˻ȽϱƢվҪݣܳɵĺˣݺһڣֱӰƨɵȥ̻ûڡ
ܳº󣬺ʣߵˣô͵𣿡
ܳɾ˵ϰ˾ͺãߣڳҲУҲġȥһ£ڶʮǰȥ򹤵ģϰ岻ʶ㣬յġ
֪ģϼ˵ģڹˣͲƢ̫ˣҲû̫ķʶϲռСˣϲ͵
ܳɾ͸Щ飬ףһطγɵģڵܳû̫ĹϵˣңԺܳﶨӵĿҲСǸʶ
Ҫػ棬ҽʦô׬ŪǶǮ㼸˳ã⼷һġ
ܶصؿһַ
ʦû㲻˴򳵻ȥҲٿǮ顣
Ҳţˡ
ƨŶסһϣҲżʮ顣һ˳ǸƤЦӹͱߣȴ
ˣ㲻˵ߵƢܱôôˣ
ܳ룺ܶԱ꣬һᣬߵ̸
˺ܣҽˣͻȻһֱӰܳɺͰ˼ըûˡ
׺˼˻صģ˵Ŀ뵱زͬҲǼеġ
ˣҶûôˣ˾Ϳʼˡ
һҡҡλεؿų·ƣһߴĪѳŪǿǹȥ
εΣεΣ
ǰģ㿩ô
ڣʡ֮󣬰ߵľɫϺˣɽ֮ͨ˱ǶŲľķҷ
ſڴϣؿڳֻҪɽˣԭԭζ߲֪ǧ׵Ұɽȷ
˻;ûʲôĵطˡ
ȻһطȻ·ݵĴ죬ܵһ쬵⣬һش˶¡
ܳɾæ˵Ǹ綴涬ůʱ򣬴ů磬ʱ򣬴磬⸽סŵˣ컹ҪǱӣҲһıӡ
Ҳһʱкܶߣһ̶滹Ӿء
ˮǿֱӺȵ𣿡˵һЩȽϸɽĵطˮֱӺȡ
ǰˮˮǿֱõģܷ㣬飬⸽ľ񣬻ˮϣȱ䶳ģҪһЩ
ûԹ֪ԾЩ档
Ȼһ·£ɽ·᫣Ų˾˿ûм٣ôưƣվ˳
˵վʵһе㣬һȥˣҲҪܳȴ˵Щ⸽ģʦǵſڡ
⻹͵İˡ
ܹ·һһأͶˣҲ㣬˾˵Ҳһŵ飬һ˳ĳ˿ͽӹУ
ЩʦƢ𱬣ʵΪ˻õġܳЦЦء
æͷ˵ǵҲǣܾǵ⾭
ܳɺͰܿ˳ܳ£Ȼȥȡֶͷʶܳɵģ󣬾кӴѧϡ
ţĴѧҲ࣬⸽һ飬ܳһ˴ѧԾ
ܳɾͺ壬緹û
ܳһӣһ˵ˣʱǻˣ㵽ɳйҸ㽲иֶŮӣҲ
ж˲˵һ룬ȻȻȻֹΪһò̫񻰵Ůڳ߽ܳ
һƺ֮ǰܳɵƵģҲ˸кû˵
ܳɣŮ𣿡붫˿ˮ֮ǰĻ˻ȥ
ܳɳøߴ˧ѧҲãɳйãԼֶŮɳеʦҶɳйġ
һ̣һָоԼֶŮɶ
Ҳܺܳϡ
ܳɹ˳ţʦһŲˣܳɾ˵ǵģ壬Ůѣа
ھӣ붫ҲԺ塣
áԹԵغһ䡣
붫æͷЦݣ֮ǰŵĻȫ˻ȥ֮ôػͳŶŴһܣܣݶӶϱˡ
һ˺˸ĺߣ˷׷˳ȻͿ﷽ߵܳɺͰ
ܳɺһһʺãȻԼſȥܺˣҲǴ¥ƺǻˣ˿˫ˮգܳɺ㶡
Ȼٿ󣬶һ֣ʾʾ󣬾æ˰ǶˣǿܻҪһ
˵Ҫ緹ܳҲ֪Ϊʲôڶû졣
裬æҰӷ˾
һײˣĶˣ͡Ȼ֣Լָ֣Ŀ˵ȥϴ֣ϴ֣ܳԷˡ
κʱ٣ϽæȰܳɺͰһ¥Ŀӹ£
ܳ˵ϰ֣裬ǰŮѡǵ
κûȥֱɫһ壺ʲôߣȥԷ϶˰ɡ
ȥϴְɡܳҲ밲һ¥ߡ
¥¸һ¥ǳһ¥ӺĿ¥ϲסĵطܹ¥ס¥¥ķȫţļ䣬˻
ܳɺͰȥϴ̨κͶ˵˵ҽĶԲϴξ;ƣ֪СɵŮѡ
ƣѾ˹ˣϴ֪ǵݣԹԱߵġе㲻ãһİװֵǣƵġ
ѽ㽲ЩЩȻһֲҪ˵㿴˼ҹÿҲ¡κɫһ壬
Ҳôһ˵ȻתЦٿǺÿǶӻбµġ
˵ˡ
ߵ˳Ŀյأһӣܳһһȥüһһ
ܺڸɶɱһͷһͷţһͷ
£ĸˣһӲˣʮ
м䣬ӣһţܲ˿ŵҶȻ⣬һţ˿๾ðζ
ȻСƴ̡۷䣬üһһ̣⡣
ӣϡģûʲôרҰġ
ơѼ˿
ǰԼ˵İ
ˣⳡŵˣ
ܳɾ͵裬ôˣôԵ갡ģ˷ô
ѽ࣬Ҳ֪Сϲɶһ˵㡣˵ˣڼŴһ룬ҪߣٷһγˣζԲ
Һ̸ˣҵҰ⡢һЩɽ͹ʡ˵꣬ȻϽΧȹ¡
к˵С㣬̺嶼֪ô˵̫ˣǳԷСɽǳˣôԷͶֻԲ˵ġ
ܳԣһ
еǿ˰
˵̣ҰһʢɣôˣǺ·ġ
󣬰ЩֵģܳžܿûԼһʳʱִãȻҲˣ΢˵㡣
Ҳûʳÿһֲ˶һڣȻûüೢڣСӾͲıˡ
ʮֲˣضУûĳŶӣرһжأóǺóԣ̫ռˡ
ԹܳżʰҲæģܳɺǶûãȻҲͲ֪Щɶˡ
κǳԹ󣬾ݺļӵ
ܳɰȰסˣϰ֣ɱˣôˣԲ꣬ʵ˷ˡ
𰡣Сκðסܳɵ졣
ܳɾ˵ϰ֣ǸɶôˣԼų氡ûôƢûµģڡ
һΣҴʱ˵Ҫģ̫æˣԾûǼ棬Ҳǿǻһ
κ̾һ˵Ҿ̸¶ܸϵģǳдõ㣬˵ɶ
ϰ֣϶еİ飬ʲôġ㣬ͺǸƵģɱˣ費ȥ򣬾ͺúڼϢĻ졣
Ȼϵʱһ𿪳ȥзȥ
зκ׽
ҺͰȥܺ棬û
ǿҪС߰
ܳɺκٻʱȴѾǺˣֶ˵κģЩס
ܳҲͼ棬Ǵڵ˵Ÿַ飬ܳӴ˶ԣ֪ͣȤ¶ǾͶˡ
˵ǰЩ죬ں㣬Լˡ
ȥ꣬һȥģҽڻҽԺĸڣȥʱ򣬲СĲȻˣˤˡ
ɶУҲôԹԵš
ܳҲż˼仰
ൽһ࣬ӽʱܳɺȻǽӵ¬ĵ绰΢ԥ߳˽棬źŲ΢õ㡣
ι¬Ρ
ҽǸʵڲ˼ҽܲһ°ҽڷ𣿡¬ڵ绰棬Կ֮ɫ
¬Σڻؼ˰֮ǰġܳʵر
¬ǱƺһĭȻǺΪѵ˵ҽһ̨鷳ҽҲûչ˵ȥΡ
ˣȽ⣬ҽ㣬ϻһ˰ʵǲ˼¬˵
ܳޱ飬Ҳû̫Ĳ¬Σﲡˣʲôأ
˵ļиŮھģְλȽϸߣھǶ绰ʾˡ¬˵һͨ
Ŷ¬ΣϼҰҸϲܳɻô˵
ҽҺ㡣Ǻܱǣҽ⣿ڣҪǳʲô©Ļǳ鷳ġ¬粻˵
ѵתȥ𣿡ܳɽ顣
ĿǰɳеרңѾ߸ˣҡ
ܳ¬ΣȻ˼Ѿ˾ɳеרҺͽڹˣǿ϶ǱҸõİҴ߹϶ǺķѵʱҪࡣ
¬ΣҽĻЩ飬ʵǱǸ
¬ܳҪҶϵ绰Ȼ˵ҽ˵ģϴѧҽԺڣóȥˣԣҲѪƵĶרңⷽЩ衣
ļλרҶ˵ʡڵһЩѪƵרңƳ㣬ԣڵ˼ǣϣҽܹһˡ֪ܱǸǱϾҲΪ
ܳԣһ¬Σڰ𣿡
¬ΡĻ飬ıǸܳ˼һȦǾܾˡ
ŴŰָϻȥУʲô¶
˵ǱߣбȽ϶ˣеҪֲ뵽ȣôܳɲǳеҽϾǹָԱ
ȥһ޿ɺǡ
Ϊһˣ͸ϻȥԼ˽ͲҪôڵʱ䣬ӦԼеһο֧ʱ䡣
Ҫ¬Σٴһڻʦĵ绰ɣллˡܳ˵꣬͹Ҷ˵绰Ȼֻģʽ
һؼУ˭ʲôϵͳ޷תˣ˭ûôıº
ˣְڣҵ޿ɺǣҲǻ
ܳɰֻŽ˿ڴȻߵ˰ͰԱߡ
ôе绰û°ɣκһ䡣
û¡ϰ֣裬׶ˣȥϳһ׶ҪҪҲ㣿ܳɻء
ԣƫͷܳɰϼҵɫʳ֮һ׶˵ˬڣɫ
Һ־ͲҪˣǲзСһȥɡ
ɡ̫ܴҪǿȥɡͽ飬°ɹƵģǰܳɳУûôཻ
Ը׶ǲĽҡءϰ֣ҸǳһЩܳ˵ţվܺк󣬾һˡ
·ϣͷܳɣ˵֪Ҳöࡣ
ЩİԣũûǰЩˣû÷ɣܳʣⶼǼҳ̵İԣܳԼô
ҾûС
ոսӵĵ绰϶ɣʱҳⶼʱ䰡֮ǰܳԼȥ׶ⶼˡ
ϳԵ̫ţԾ͸⣬ܳɺ϶ʲô£˵
ģʲôȼܳĵһ䡣
üͷһ壬ҡҡͷҲ֪ҰӦ֪ҪҪҴ绰ʣ
˵꣬ͳ绰ˡ
ãҾʣոδ绰˵һ˵ǸһسУҸܾˡܳ̾һЩʹ
죬û˵Ҳֻ˻ȥ
£ӦûɣֲǳҽҽԺڱְҪ뵽ҵСæƲ⣬Ҳûֱʡ
£ҲܳɵģҪǾֻܽˣܳռԷȻҲֻӲͷƤȥԡ
ֻǿӵ⡣
ܳɾ˵Ҿһ˵߰ɣȥԺóԵģ棬ԲģسԲζ˵׶Ӻóԡ
ܳҲͰһ磬ŵԺȥ
һӣܶѡÿѡ񣬶ԼеĽѡҪģԼģÿ˵ıܡ
ܳɲŵģھֻǸͨҽȻԾܾһЩ顣ֲڳе£ȥ

ϣĲȻһЩҲ֣Һ϶ظ
Թ󣬰ȥˣܳȻæϴ룬ܺ򣬶԰⣬˵СɣҪСõ㰡ôõĹɱ۸
׶ġ
κҲЦ˵ԣҲСˣ۸һûϲ֮ǰһܴġ
۸ǶЩʲô
ûʲô

ʱˮ
ܺ򣬺ܿͰѰܳɣ˻س̵ĹϣȻڳվغʶˣڴк
س̵·ϣ˰κסˣȻGܣո߹ȥǹҵĶϱ𣿳úúÿƵġ
ǣСɵѣû飬ƿˡһЦ˵İ
ĺð˵Сɳйиôһӡ˿ʼС
Ժ϶רҺͽڡ
ֻǲŹʲôרҺͽŶֻǸСҽҲûô֣ذԼӿ졣
⣬һˣȻ˵ܣҺɳйڸһǸ
˵ǵһʶأ˶ʿҲڸںʲôˡ
⻰κͲ֪ôˡ
ܳڵĹûȷֻ֪ɳУԾ˵ǲ֪ܳ˵ûȷ´Σ´κðɡ
GҸǽڣҹϣرҽٶҪ˶ʿҵùȻĻֻȥʲôҽԺõĵؼҽԺˡ
Ǹ˶ʮ꣬űҵڹˣҽʦˡ
κͼװЦЦͷ˵ͦġ죬Ҽﻹе£Ȼȥ˰
´ٺȾơ
ϡҲǺܿǸ˵ĺһۣЦЦ
κ˺Ǻӻ˵ǲ֪ҽľܴͨĴѧҲʲôù
û˶ʿϲܽҽԺġ
ʱž̲סˣ˵Ϸˣո˼ܲ벩ӣҲNɪС˼ϴѧĲʿ
ǲû㣬㻹ԼûûˡһԼˣ֪
ϷˣΪݣ⻰Ȼֹ
ǲʿ͸ո߹ȥǸ
ôû˵ϷЩΡ
Ҳûһ˾˵İҺܹϵãϴȥɳпӴ󣬾ͺȥȾˣ˵ģһƬءϷ˿̵ı龽ȣһá
Ϊ㰡һ˶ʿϹNɪ
Ϸ⣬ҲϽҲǵҼе飬Ȼȥ˰
ţϷϽ˸û˵ĵط˸绰GСⰡ˵һϴѧĲʿͽܳɣʶ𣿡
С㶡
ܳİ˾ˣǰôû㽲
Ҳ֪ǲǣôˣ㻹ʶеôϷԼ
ʶɳеĹǿҽ˭ʶ
ǹǿƵİϴѧҽԺĲʿĹϵϤˡ˾ˣܲܰϵʽҴȥʿԸҽ仰ĻܻҪߺܶG
һ֪ܳʦϡ
Ҫ֪Ļȥˡ
Ϸһ⻰ˣ찡ûˡ
ڽϣüЩֹϷǸ˶ʿɶ˲Ƶģ˾˵Ŀ
͵ЦˣûҪŪˣ졣ϣʲôԿҫġκϷ֪ܳɵʵѧ
ɲ֪ʲôأҲ档
ӵѧߣºãȥŪ˾֪˰ŪŪģе޵УֻſЦã
ϵģһһҼĺ£ϲģ㰮ôô룬֪ʵҲŪˡ
ҫģɷʰ
ңڼȺͼȦ棬ѾǱˣȥˡ
˷ϲ¾ˬܾͺӡ
Ȼ绰ҲһϷ
ιϷ
ܳɵϵʽҪǼСֻǸСҽɶҲᡭ
ܿɫҲʼ任ðʼǲϣʿҲûʲô˲ģ˶࣬ǼСܻСúܡ
Բ𰡡


ٶʮ ܳɵĵ̣
س̵·ϣЩڳϣ˿ܳɣʵܳɣ˵αֵã᲻尢̾òҰҸоԼܳԡ
ܺ򣬻ϰܹҵĺóԵģֻһ飬ķڶ̶̵һڣȻչ
û£ҰǺܿģû
Ұ˽ҹ˵Ҫ۸㣬֪ˣͰҵһ򡣡ܳɷ˷ۣ˵
ӣ㶡
ܳҲòĽ˵˼ǣӲźְ˵ĺӣöִǼ磬û
Ŷ̻Ȼ
ǻûǵСʱ򣬶类˺϶˺ͱˣһ𱻴ˣʱ׵Ϊʲô
ⵣɶôÿҲò
һλҪû񣬾;ˣڶʲôˣﻹŮӸջؼҳͱʲôģ
үүһũˣʱ飬泯죬ʵûȥдϰף㲻ҪӾƫˡܳɶ԰͡
иҵĲͬﲻ㸻ԣҲرƶһ࣬첻⣬ڶ趼пյôܻðȥϴʰ
ʵʵҲһ㣬ûôáԵͷ
ܳɾǣ°֣ôܰͱ˱أҲũģǸͿʼˣҲûǮ顣˼ʮܱ꣬úãǲŹء
СֻҪЩѾˡ
̧ͷܳɣΪʲôţ
ڵŮӣļ٣ܳкӶ಻࣬Ͳˣܳɵĳջԡ
Ҳһ֮ǰ˵ʮʱҰŴ棬ǰϼҡʱ򰡡
ҰҲ飬ʱҲҪʼæˡϵʱҰѷãҾͳȥѧѧ֮ҾͰѷãǻԡ
ʱӻĻһǰʳˣȻȥպãżٵʱЩʱǴĺӣôġ
һõ㣬û¹ء
һҰͱˮȥ򹤣ȻүүҲˣǾͻˣҴ档Щ֮ǰܳ밲ͽˡ
治סͻȻһ룬ܳɱԼС󣬶ûܹģܳĺӱԼʲãʲôأ
ðɡҰһүүһ治ס
Ҳ֮ǰԸԭΪϼңôҾҵĺӣͻᾭҴ󲿷ƵľлᣬһõĻĻǲġܳ˵ﻰ
ˣʲôӣܳɣ㲻Ҫ˼ôߡ
ʵˣΪϴħľƵ꣬һ˯ɳܳɾһ
ܳգգۣս˰֣ҾҪ˵ӣզ
ϵ˲٣ܳеåĻصĴ󲿷ʲôס
ܳͲС̫Ҳû˻֤С̸ۺӲӵģѽ˲ӻܸ
ݺݵܳһ£ܳǸǿҽ㰲󣬰ԼֶˡܳɶûлһԾͷˣƫͷȥȻ羰
ȻǱ·һ·ص˳УܳɾֱͰȥ˻
ʱ򣬰СΪеرһܳɣ˵һģ
Ȼ󣬰ӣܳɵϣ赭дһں󣬾Ҫˡ
ûܿͱܳɸ׽סˣ˫ֹסͷһ£ŰѰſȻ˵ŮåȶĿڣ㻹ҵġ
壬ùǺ
ܳɽһЦȥɣȥ˺úϢһ£ϻ졣
˭졣еʵӶˣͷߵʱĴ±ע⵽׹
˭ײ׵飬˿ŮƳһۡ
ѰߺܳɲһȻȻͷֱӴ򳵵˼
ܳɲŲͨ߮ĵ绰߮磬سô
˰صģ˯һͱ绰ˣ߮˯ʡ
ţ˭ȻһŮ
ܳͷƤеˣԼΪʲôö˶˵Ҫ߮绰⹷Եġ
Բ𣬱ǸܳɹҶϵ绰ЩЦá
֮Դ߮绰Ϊ¬棬ûи绰ȥ߮ڲ㣬Ǿû취ˣֻһһˡ
ÿˣκְҵһˣȻһְҵ
ְҵǳɳԵģÿ׶ΣҪWƵĹһܳɲܶʮСʱҽҽԺ򹤡
˵䲻ģֲʣƾʲôʮСʱΪ黳ô
Ŷܳɱֻǰҽһְҵ黳
Ϣ˵ķɻɣҪػˡ
ܳɾͷһϢȥȻϢһҪúõһڵ״̬
죬¬Ǹ绰ܾȻȻǣºЩʲôҪúõشĥģ鷳ˣȷĴʽ
ûã¬Σشܳɵĵ绰飺ҽѾص˰ɣ֪ϣпûа
¬ΣҸպ³򳵵ңϵĻ¬ʲô𣿡ܳɵǴŽ䱸ġ
ҽҲû飬һ۾ۣûˣˡҲа¹ȥˣҶۣǸڵС۲͡¬ţܳɽŵ绰⡣
ܳеһˣ룬ܾǸ绰¬ӦúŶԣôôأ
õģǾлл¬˰ܳɵͷӦ
ڵľ۲ͣȥʣٴϣϾҪϵģ߶ǷǳҪġܳԺҪ£϶ҲҪµˡ
Ǿô˵˰ҽǶʱһʮҰѶλ΢ϰ¬൱

¬Ҷ˵绰ֽܳӵһ֮͵ĵ绰쿭Ȼġܳɱӣ룬ǽˡ
ҽð쿭Ȼ쿭ȻУ֮ǰ޷Уһġ
쿭Ȼʲô£ܳɵ˵öô飬쿭Ȼ˼ЩյģܺӴ
ҽ˵ʲôѵû£Ͳܺҽ绰ʺһô쿭Ȼһܼ
ܳɺʵϵػص쿭ȻǾֻͨҽϵм⣬ȥҽԺڵĲ飬Ϊġ
ûĻҾȹ˰
벡ˣ̫Ľ棬Ầ˺Եľ롣
ҽҽԸ㷹֪ҽǷ񷽱㣿쿭ȻϽ˵ϡ
Ͽ۲ͣ㣬ллĺ⡣ҽܻ¸ҷܳ˵úֱӡ
ҽԱ˽ջߵĺôΥҽʦְҵ·ġ飬ɲܸɵġ
ڣܳԽǸ̵ţɣҪȥٱܳҲȥ˵һ¡
£Ǿĺźˡҽ´Σ´Լ㣬ǰԼðɡ쿭Ȼ󣬻ƣ֡
ǣ쿭Ȼĵ绰ȴܳȫͷԣܻҪϼ¬֮󣬲֪һУΪʲô
Ҳ֪ǲǴң׼ʱ䣬ܳɾ˳һһ绰˽
ǹԪƽ
½ɸϽͨȻ˵ʦԹû
ԹˡСӺܸ°Ԫƽ׵ؾͿʼ
ܳæǸ̶˹Ԫƽ˼ʦҵʱĲڳУҸպôŮѻؼҼҳպõǰҲ˵ġ
ĲܳɹˣʲôߵǰбҲʽְҪʮСʱʱǲЩ˰㷢Ǯͣ
Ҷˣ˵绰Ҹ绰ҾͰѵ绰˹˲˵Ͷˡ㲻⡣
ϵĶλΪΪ˷Ϊ˸ȷûץʲô©Ͳغ¡ֻǣܼ£ðæҪæġ
ȥе飬üáԪƽܳɵľ䡣
ܳԣ㶣ŶԭǹԪƽ˲˵绰һ֪Լȥе飬˵£˰Ҷλ˸ĵˣ
ǰɣ
ܳȻʣʦǺǸ˵ת𣿡
ԪƽЦھڳУ㲻ȥڳѰҴ𰸣ңΪʦܵİ
úɣΪУܹøߣøԶ˼̻Ǻ˼ϡ
õģʦܳɸϽǡ
Ԫƽ˼̻ܳʱûᵽͨͨһЩȥͨǸ֪ǲ񾭲쿭ȻȷܳɿһЩ֮ǰûܽӴķ羰
ʵҲûôʵ
»ϣһֿ͹۵ĴڣֻЩʱû취ʵӡ֤
ʦˣϴǸַ𣿼˵ɽҴĵĶʤڳʡܳ󣬸Ͻȷһ顣
ȻҲԪƽ˵ˣĹȥ顣ⶫ󣬵⣬ʲҡ
аɣˡ´ԷԪƽҲûоܾܳ͵̾ƻ϶գǣɽⶫҲܹġ
ллʦ

ܿ죬ܳɾͺͰ˵ԼҪȥμڵľ۲ܻͣ΢һЩڲûջء
˳ԷĵطؾͱȽϽӵˣָߴϵľƵ꣬ũ֣滹мѼУģܳһ·صСʱָо
ϰ׽ֻѼӣһֻȻϰˣһˣһ
¬˵ҶˣԴҽ֮գ֮ǰûκβͬǵҵǵ֮ǰкܴ
㿴ͳƱ˰ɣ˵˵
ͷ˵Ҽǲ˰飬µȥҽ⣬˰ٷ֮ʮңǿҳԺĲ˵ĻطУҲԵˡ
ǵ̨ΣΪҽĲ룬ǰٷ֮һе˰ǣҲ˵ʵʵڣġ
ңǵĹʱ䣬ʵû̫
ȻµĲԱȽϵһҲһ͹۴ڵȱ©㣬¬ΣҾҽеǲʲô£ӦȥѡˣʵһؿԼҵˮƽ;
¬Ҳ˵ȷ
ţǸҽҽԺأڣֶһ޵ҽԣʱǿҵֻ㡣
ʱҽͲرˣֻҪյʱ򣬶ָ㣬Ϳȥܶʱˡ
ڽѧһ飬ϣҽˣ໥ϣҪ㣬ѧ񣬸ץãȡһЩĽҽ¬ǳѯţܳɲͬ⡣
ʱǺܺõذԴʱȻܳɣ˶εذѽҽ¡
¬ΣΣѧ飬Ҷ໥ѧϰ
һܣҲϤڶܣĩʱе˽£ȷǵˣһʱ䣬ҵչ˳ȱȽϺõĻǿʵһЩҵѧϰʱ䡣
Ҿ¸ʦǣͱȽˡܳɽʵ
ԼסԺҽʦ꣬¼ҽʱ۲ۣ϶Ҳۣһѵ£ȻҪҪѧϰҪһĳϢʱ䣬ܹ
ܳɻϣһȺ¼ҽ͸Ͻ˵ʦǧô˵˵ﻰòʱǾ׵ģôᣬָʲô
ǣһҾͷ֣ˡȻҲãָ֮á
˵ۣѧ۵ûɶҽ£죬գڿСʱҲ˵úۡҲˡ
Ҳ˵ԶԶԣʦǧǶǴүǣͿɾʹֻҪ΢ָһ£ܹѧ㶫
رһַλǾּܹѧ֣ԺǾͻʡʱʡˡ
˵ʦһСõ㣿͵ʽİʦʽˣԲȰƣͺȵСƣ죬ӡ
һ;ĳ棬ܳЩ޷ʴӡ
֪ܳЩ˵̬ȱ仯ƺǸݵĻ绰йء
ΣҲǺ¡
ܹܾԼԴʵĻۣʸҲԼŬġ
ÿ˶ܹڹίԱϺŵģ߮磬ڶûʸûУǳʸѡ
ҼȻ˵ƣܳҲͿƲ˵ƣЦЦ˵Ǿ΢ȵ㡣

ƹѲʱܳɲŽϲĹ¬Ǹﲡ˵顣
¬̾һȻչõǻãĿǰûѣͲ֪ǺˡΣϴѧҽԺڳˣһҽԺĽҲˣľǹڡ
ȻڵʵҲǷǳġǣԼܹҵڣ߮磬͸ˡ
ţҽǹԭʶ㣬Կܣ֪ҽʵѪϣҲǺġ
ܳԣĴ󶨣Ȼ̨ôٴȥΪյһˣȻ˵¬Σ˵ЦˣǹǿƵҽѪƣҪרҵĽڵġ
ܳ룬飬ɲ⴫ΪϾԺܳɵҪִҵ򣬶ǹǿƣʲôĻѪʹ
Ԫƽγˣֳ˵ڶֽô
ǲ
ţصģҽǳҽҽԺ£ӦûʲôϰߵĵطɣˣҽԺѾҺ˸õס
ҽͰѵַ㣬ǿֱ뿪ģҪĻǿ԰Űҹ˾¬ţָܳɽôһ¡
ܳæҡͷ鷳ˣ¬Σͦõġ
סҽԺҲҵȫɶУˣһˣûҪ˷ѣӣҪ˰ɡ
Ӧãº󣬻һЩ˻µؼҽԺܳɾܾˡ
Уǵһ϶кܶϼҽԺҽʦ˽ؼҽԺõؼҽԺҽˮƽȻרȥ˸߾⣬ǺȻҪߵ·ӡ
һ𶼸ۣ϶񻰡
˵ֽڣԸܶӵĲģⲻ˷Դ
ҽҪǵúϵ¬̬ܳȼҲȰ
Ǹˣܳɰһ̫̰ƣҲ̰ˣ飬
һϲȥ̽һЩ򣬾ǸˣҲûٴ绰Ŀǰٶ˵ҪܳҽʦŮˣֻǰУܳɷ㣬ܳɶչһ¡
ʲô
ˣܳȻֻǸͨסԺҽʦĩҽʦʵĳֲ棬ѾֳܵѼĴˡ
Ѽ׼ԺʿĴ
ԺʿɺְԶԶһҪߵöࡣǹ֮
лл¬Σ
Һ棬ȷ¬ϸڵĻҵʱ΢ŰɣG¬Σ𣿡ܳ㣬ҲΪ¼
Ҫ¬£Ȼ¬϶йʲôģ鷳ΪȽͳĽ͹ͨߣǿ¼ġ
ɾˣҲܹҵûҲѧϿɵĽ͹ͨʽ
УǺܾûˡҽҵȻ΢ŷ㰡¬̴ϲ
ܳ϶ҪˣǺ°
ã



ٶʮ ѣ
תˣѾסˡٺԼŮ󣬲һȻ߳Ϊĵvipһ绰
ٺ˾ͺãڵ״̬ôһһܹϻüӰ࿪ᡣԴ˼ƣ̬
Ѿ˯ˣеģŻûʲôоңҲ֪hȥϢĿǰ״̬ˣںѹϽԷ˵Ϣ
ȻϽͣҪʣҲŸ˵ģҲ֪ƢһֱȽϾǿ
еϦ飬˭޷ԤϡѾ֤ˣһ⣬ηܻߣǳˡʻĳʱҲûеҲ೵һͷı鸴ӡ
°ûҵԭ˾ҲԼŮ;е
˵ҽƢǴƷĵ绰룬ֱӸˣڣƷǱߺҲûʲô
˵ܳɣʲôͷƢôãҪʱĲ죬ǸôǺãҪҪǰתȥɳУţܲǸ鰡ֵ
ľˣԼͷκȰܳβˣλסԺҪֻСʱĳ̣ģ͸ˡ
λλãĲġ
ĻǺԼŮĲ飬ѣֲȥˣȴû˹ܣⲻȫû
֪ǲҪȥˣԼͺáҪȥ˭תɳУǻǵ¬ǵɡ
쿭Ȼ֮ǰҽӴܶΣܻ˵ʲôǶԣǺҪҽԣһܹ⡣
ͿʼЩã˵ʲô°ҪиԴ
𼤶˼Ҳû˵Ҫ۶ԴҲû˵鰡侲㣬ˣҪˣӡٶཻ˼䣬û˵ˡ
Ҷ˵绰󣬻ǲ̫ģǾȥҽ칫ʵֵҽҽǿҵҽ˳ûа
谡ĲǶһģյҽӦǵ˳ˡлҽҽŰ״ӣΡ
棬һͷҲҷ
ܸܲҽ绰˼ϾˣҲأΪ˷ܾ쿵ϣܹܳ۵ġ
֮ǰICU棬ܳô죬ֻȥһΣǲ⡣
ǸǸҽǿҵָԱǵϼҽʦҲҽԺģûϵʽϣܻһ˲ҲֱܾȥҽȻĵؽԼΡ
治֪ҽϵʽ֪֪ĸҽˣܲܰǵĵ绰ҰʵǵŮҽҲİҲеһЩ
ǵΣȫ׿ο֪ҽҲû취ˣֻô˵
лл㰡ȥȫδ绰ʡҲûΪѻҽת߳ҽ칫ҡ
ǰеһҽԺҽҽԺͻûԴҽ˵ġ
һ㶼Ҫȥ𣬾ͻʺһһΣĩϣǶġ
ͻȻ֮䣬ҽβͲˣ滹ôӡ
ҵȫ׿ֵĵ绰˹ȥ
ˣáȫ׿ֵǺܿ
ȫΰãм飬Ҫһ£㲻˵ǱȽϿģֲЦˣȫ׿ӣԷŻæ
ˣ֪˼ǣҽĲҽԺҽָԱϼȥˣûã¬Ҳûáȫ׿ִ˿̵鼫ΪӣĻֱӰѵ绰ˡ
ȫΣ˵Ҷֻ֪ǵŮĲ顣ܰҴ绰ҽ˼ҲҲĲأĺҽġ
ˣ˫ȶû֪ѹģҲģҪֲרҵİֵżеί
ȫ׿ֺһĳ嶯ܳɵŮĲ飬ˣҴ绰ȥʣʲôԸԸȥô
裬ҷǳܹ⣬ɣ͡
밡ҽֻҽԺָԱʱ˼ʱæ飬Ǳ֣ͲҪеļġ
ǺΪѰȫ׿˼ˣæ飬Ǳ֡
ȫ׿˵ﲻǷƶһˣǰæˣҧҪǱʱﵽף㷳
⻰ȫ׿ֲҽ
ȫΣҪ鷳ˣû취˰ﲻģˣȫΡ˿˿һвζ档
ȫ׿ȭͷ侲Ҵ绰ʣҽδܴӦ
лл㣬ȫΣҽǿͬ£Ը˵϶ȫ׿̧Ÿ߽ţ޲ðȫ׿˵ܳɵϼһʱܳƵġ
ֻܾȫ׿ֻһ䡣
Ҷϵ绰ĬĬȻص鷿һ䣺ոڣʲôΰ¡
ܳɲڳеȦӣУ룬ǲͨܳɵĵ绰
ܳھ۲ͣ¬˱
ȫ׿ֵĵ绰Ҳûͽӹ˵绰ȫ׿ֵתܳɷʣҪȫΣڳԷ
ҽʵڶԲסˣҲû취ˡǸ裬ѵ绰ҡȫ׿ָϽ͡
תһ°ɣ˵ڳԷϰʱȡ罻֮ǰȥ￴Ͼǿˡ֪ܳȫ׿Լ¬˵Ϊѡ
ȫ׿ԣϴϲллҽҾͲԷ˰
ȫ׿ֹҶ˵绰ٴοظ˹ȥתܳɵ˼
ȴ˵ȫΣҽϲܽԷ֮Ҫٴ绰£Ҿ֪ȫ϶ܹ˵öҽġ
ǣҽڳԷԹ֮󣬺˰ҽ˾ƣ״̬£ʺٴȫ׿־ͻر˵
Ⱦûϵѽ¶ȫΣٰʰɣʵڲĵúܰϴξҽŮȥ˺ü죬ûзӦ
ȫΣҲżȻҲҪȫΣͰˣٰʰɣͶҽ˵кãæһۣһ̤ʵҲð˵
Ҫȥϰ࣬Ҳһڶļڣˡ˵ԼѴ
裬æҲٰˣҽ˵ȹƣѾʺٴˣһʵĻԵҲˡҽ˵罻֮ǰͿ϶ġȫ׿ͷƤˣӻء
㵱˶ļͥҽǱķʱ򣬻ҪŮ
߾ͿʼȫΣﶼڲȶ˰һֱڵҽ֮ǰǲڳУڶˣ绰ôˣ
סҽԺֻ˳·һˡȫΣûͱ˰ɣûɣǿңǿҲΪܰңô죿
Ǳˣ⻰ȫ׿ֿ϶˵תԺҽԺļˮƽУϼҽԺʡҽԺȫôĴҽԺ
̫̫ʵܹ⡣
ҽԺվֻǵмҽԺްȫ׿˵
ޣǾͻܹϵҲûҪŮòǵ취֮𣿡
ҽڳУȫΣ취
ȫ׿ԣʱҲͻˣ̫̫ǲе㲻ˣǷƶģǲǾû𣿡
ǲǳˣǷƶĺе˶û˰
ϣȫ׿־ˣʼҲҪǲǣŮ⣬Ҳæˡ
ǻλ˼һ£ޣ˭û취ˣųԼޣҽħҽָԱȥԸҺεºܣ
ҪǸҴ绰ԼҲԴ϶Ҳ֪ҽĵ绰Դһ٣ٶĴ绰Ϊʲôˣ
˵䲻ģ̫̫ҽ飬ԼǿˣЩʲô£úܣ֮ǰǸ绰ġ
ڣҲٴ绰ˣҪǾܴ󣬺ǿҴӳҽҽԺŪߣҴȥмҽԺˡȫ׿һӻ
TMҸܳɴ绰ҴҴˣõ˽һǺõĽ㵹ǲˡȥ򰡣ȥʰ
㲻ţ
Ҳʵû뵽ȫ׿ֻô˵ǣȫ׿ô֮Ǳ侲
ȫ׿ֵĻҲܹϵعҶ˵绰Ȼվ˴ڣ濴˫ֽش˴Լ˫ۣƣ̬
ⳣУ˵󲻴˵ССǰ˳˳ˮģû˳飬ڣȴãⳣУȻúİ
裬裡š
ȴ˷Ľ
һæѵ绰սȻʰ˽ȥ裬ôˣҸոպ㳳ˡ
ǰְ𣿰ְæҲ֪ġϣɫ԰ף۾ʧȥ鶯ǲ̬Ŭ֣Ҫץס֡
ͷɿ˲٣գûϴˡ
æǣ֣ҡҡͷ죬ǺͰְֳܣְһ͹ˣڸ취ãڵĽţô
飬ûоҲˣе̣񻹸оŵĴˡ
裬ԲҲȥѹյġǴô鷳Ρ
û£죬ȥˣô趼һӣǶģúùӡε˵ţˮžžવص
裬ǸСȹ𣿡죬룬˵
ʲôĪ
˵ҶǸ·ڣǴ120绰ǸСôˣ
ǿǸ˾ײ˺Ҳ֪ǲûֱ֣ˡҺѿȥ׷
ԣһ㶣Ȼ̧֣˷켸¡
ʲô
˵飬Ҳ֪ҲûȥעڰʲôҪ룬úˣ̬ȣҲǸˡȻĶͷ
ĨĨԼ۾֪˵ʲôȽϺˡ
ҲԼ˵˻ˣҲûٿڣǿһֿ˿컨壬Ҳ֪ڼƽʲô

ܳɳԹ󣬻ûȥֱӻص˼Ȼϴһ󣬾ֱӵ˼ͨ밲Ƶ绰
ҲŸ˯һŴһͷڱͷеģе㺦ߵӣϸ
⼸챼϶ۻ˰ɣҪҪϢһܳЩʡ
ȥһ·ûôϢá
ˣ˯Ͱʱ䶼˯ȥˡ𴲣ȥĤҽҪĤͷ΢һ°˵ţϾ´˷ĵƿء
Ȼֻױ̨ǰֻһܣţϴ̨ϵˮ
֪ܳ϶ðСʱٻˣ˱ʼǱԼѧϰʼǡ


ٶʮ λ
ʱ͹棬˫ģҲգգͨʳͣ壬ֻǿ⡣
Լ֣Сצӣܳɣ㿴𣿡
ܳ˵ʵƤõģûҪЩеûģȴǴѧܳɴܡ
ݲȫͳƣŮӴӶʮ֮Ƥʾͻ½ԱʱʼҪʼȻ׳ơߣ¶óˡ
˻Ҫţ𣿡ܳʣҲ档
Ҳʹ費ҪĤһ˵кӵĺõĻƷŮӵĸܳ鷳Ȼûᡣ
ܰͣҲû취ѽֲϣֻ˷Ǯ¡㿴ЩúܺõǣͬһŮʵߵRMB
㲻Һܷߺװɣƫͷ˫ִһͬҽʦϴ֮ǰ
ûУûС֮ģǱܣÿ˶аȨɵġܳʵʵ˵Ȼ˵
ʵҲãôÿһǶ˰࣬Ҳͦϧġ
ʱܳһЩҳ֪ʶ⣬˵λ˪ûһ
ԲܳĲãҲ̫˷ʱȥУԾֻҡͷðⷽ棬ǿԼѡ
ˣܿģ˸ԼСצӡ
ͷ󣬵»ҪĤгıˮĤ
꣬θпܳɣ֪ʵҲЩ鷳˷ʱ䣬ǣʱ䲻˰
⻰Ӱ˵Եúܹ죬Ŷʮ갡㡣
ܳû⣬һתʣҪȥˣо𣿡
ܵʱչԴھ͸⣬ܳҪʰ費Ҫɶġ
ı𣺡˵ſ϶Ǽٵİû취ʦֲҪҸˣҲֻŰİţȥһʱ俩
һνķ
ʱ䣬꣬Ǿö֮ΪţȴǱǰܶ꽨ĶҪһЩ
ôϣԵʲôˣǲӲ𣿡ƺȥҵĻ⡣
ûУȥũ֣Ѽζ´лᣬһȥ
Ȼ컹˵ƣΪϴε飬ҺȻ֣ˣҵ̬ȷת顣ܳɰѱʼǱһգͰ졣
ܿܳ˵ʲô£üͷ壬˵£ûʲôӰɣǸˣҲһ£ȫҲʮʮ߸ӡ
ᵽЩܳɵģּɲǣܳɴСЬܳ棬޾ϸؽдѹǶܳɵķչ͸ⲻ
ˣܳڹڴò˳һҪȥչǺѾ񵽵ҪڹڣǸܳһȥ⡣
ʱûʲôӰ죬鼷һ飬ҪȡġܳҲ̾һ
ǷҪǿӲزηǿȨɶģֻǣÿ˵ᶨλһˣ˾ϵҪػУôǵһλġ
ǣҪ󵽣밲ﱸôҪؼȥ˼ȻܳĿǰڱƣڣڹλϣѵԼϢʱ䶼ô
ܳɲûԼɶһΣȻôѡ
ȻܳЦЦ˵λû˵ʲô֮ǰҼһȴǺܲˡ
ܳɾͰѷȫθ绰Ҫȥ˵һ顣
ܳ˵Ҳ㣬ҲǲȥһˣǺȾ֮󣬲ٴԭԵ⣬ҲǶԲ˸Ҳͻ
һΣҺȾ֮ȥ˲ˣôһΣҾпǾƺһΣƵ
ؾǹء
ܳ˵꣬ش˵Ȼվڲ˼Ĳ棬ǡܹңϣԼļҵõҽ鷿õҽ֮顣
λ˼ҵļˣҲ᲻ϧһд۵ضԼϵȥõҽΪҵļΣҲеס
Ҳڲʱ˵£绰
ܳŰе뷨˳ȻŰѻ罻˰
;Ǵһģܳô˵һʱ䣬ҲҲһȽϺʵĻܳɵĻˡ
ʮ룬˵ԣٴѣҽԵĲȺ壬ܶࡣ
λλֻǺһΣֻôһΣҪ֧ʱ䲢ࡣǣܹ뵽ԵĶжأ
ԼʦƵģϢã˵֪ĽڣÿϢ͵绰ز꣬еģһ֮󣬲ŻءĲǸ䣡
̫ˣѯĲҲ̫ˣԸϵѯ
ڽӴĶ󣬲Ŷٰ˷˫֡
ܳɱȻԼʳָ1Ȼָָ
һ£Щߣˡ
һܳɷ˷ۣҺ˵ġ
ǰ˼ǣһԽӴüܳɼЦ
ʱЦˣвм磬úܣܴǵĻҲ԰
ҡͷʼ԰ڡ
ܳɵɫϾͿʼ侲룬ûˣŰѻصһûд𰸵Ⱑ
ãһҵѡ񣬵Ƕԣǲԣ
ϾҸ˶ԣʵȾ֮δ֮ǰȥҿˣֻҪû˾ٱͲ顣
ȥһۣΪҲԸ˵ļģҶԣӺܶ๤ȥ֮󣬻ܹӵһصϵ
ҡͷǣܰеû£ڽҰһٱأ
һٱأ˵ˡ
ܳɵ˵ͷ˵ԾƾͲǸö
ȾʵҲһĻ˰ư֮䣬ǶúȾƳ⣬촵ţôʡ
˭˵İܳɾðЩƫ
ϰӾ氡һӡ
ܳ룬˵Ⱦʼȵʱ򣬺ȵçȵʽڣҾúȾƵʱ򣬺ȵѡ
Ȼһ˵ȾƵһֲκ󣬺ȵľˣôƷλ
Ŷˣһ־ƣҲͦõģơơ
죬ĵľϺʲôġ
׼ʱĵʮʮҲ͹ҶƵ
Ҳȥ˯ˣܳҲ˴ϣѵƹˣ侲ط⼸գ顣
ܳҲ֪ǲǿذţãԼһʱ䣬⣬Լѡ񣬿Īȴ
飬ԼѡԽ쿭Ȼ˫֫ʱԼվŵλãֻǸͨҽ
Ȼȥ˽еʱԼѡǣﱼԼѡǣһȽĵҽɫ
λ绰ԼʱԼѡȴһͨͨˡ
⼸£˵Ǻ޹ϵʵϣȻҽԴޣ˵ҽԺҽÿ˶൱Լ͸ȥС
˵Լһ㣬ô쿭ȻͲԼҲû˻绰Լ
ѧҽԴ³ǱҪģ·ǳܳԼ
Ըܶأ
գϣܳɻú磬ûȥܲ밲˸Ϣ֮󣬾ߵҵʱ򣬸ϵ˿
һҽԲƶߣվڿ͹۵ĽǶȣԼıְҪġ
ҽƳ򣬻вԵĵطǲԼܹҵ飬ܳɲ˶ȥѡӺͻرܣͬҲˣΪıٴθıԼԵҽƳְ
ȻѡѡϵɣôǧҪϵɴסۣԼƿߣ뷨ܵģԶľ֮ġ
̷ʲôĴǰһ
ܳɵʱڵĲ棬һƬ
ܳţû˻ӦȻܳ΢ŵ
ȻͿˣһӣһףװأţǣ
ҽԺĴʱ򣬶飬֪ܳɵĴڣ֪ܳɵ׳ʲô
ãܳɣΪҽҪԾǰһ43ķ죬ģܳɺܿûп̰ؾͰѷɷĸס
ǷĸסҽԣɫϲϽܳɸ˽
Ȼ䣬˿ֱʱָߵ֡
һܳߣ죬죬ҽˣѡ
˳ڲϣɫ԰׵Ů۾˫Ŀ֮УѪ˿Ѫɫɫ԰ס
ѪҺǣѾµһ飬ȻһѪҺţ໤Ϊƽȡ
ƫͷҲʶܳɣֻǴԼĸ˵һҽԼܱס˫ȣĹֻͣһֱû档
Ҫ˵ܳȴ˰֡
ϢȿֻҪϢžͺˡ
ܳȣ۲ȻٻĿǰӦĳѪָ꣬鷿ǰѾӡ
ܳڿ
ܳȻַԸܶ㶯һ¾ͺá
ܳҪȷ˫֫ĻǷ
˫־ҡҡȻȭͷֻѱӸѹסҲΪߣܳɻƿӡ
ܳɿˣͷˣڵ˫֫ио𣿻˵ǸʲôĴڣ
֫ľ̡߸ڣ
֫ǽ֫ߣԼص֫һֱڣʵѾص˵ġ쾭֫Ȼֱֲ˻ȥδؾͲл֫о
˵оأֺûоԼҪȴˡоŵĴڡŬСؽԼĸܡ
ܳɵ˵ͷȻѷĲϵı߽ǣֻ¶ϥǼλãָ⻺شֹ»Ҳǲһּ顣
첢֪ûзӦ
ܳʣܹоõҵָ𣿡
ҡҡͷ֪ûо
ԼŬضһ£ͻǰżĶܳ˵һ
˫ֲ֫򵥣Ŀһܴ⣬ܳԼ̾Բָܻܲǰӣָܹ٣ܳûס
񾭻ʧȥ˹ܣô󼴱ǴˣҲΪʧή
죬Ȼһ
ܳĲⲢ⣬ȻСĵذıӸǺãתͷ򷽳Ȼ귿úӵĸ׻ǻʿվĻʿ˫ֺ֫ͷʼһ·̽
һҪҵд¾λãǰҪȷԲİѿأҪǸҽԿ̫ܲ㡣
ȻҽͲ֮䣬Ӧô̫Σܳɿóʮ⣬ѹӵĲ֤ܷС
õģҽڵǲǺֹܲ۰Ͻѹʡ
ܳ˵ⲻأĿǰԣ㿴˫֫Ȼûио˶ûֻѹѪҲܺã֤š
ֻҪ֫廹ţͻ취ġ
ǻʱҪע㣬ǧҪעѹ⣬оǣҪһֵĹܶļήٶȣҲܹ˶о
һ̶ȵԤѪ˨γɡܳɽֻ꣬ͷԷ˵
úϢҪ룬ŬԷʳߵʳ̬ãҪģ˵ã㻹ָܻǰءܳɸһﰲοòԼġ
۾һ£˵ͷ
Ȼܳɾͺͷ˳ȥſڣŹϣһξ˵ְ֣ģڵ˵رã⻰Ҳܵ˵
Ҳ֪˫ȣȻġ
ǣҲ˵ĻԻڵģôֻҪǻԴڣǻǿ취˵ֲתλ
񾭵޸һܳڵḶ́п»ûЧĿǰҪȱ֤˫֫Ļԡ൱һֵôЧġ
ԣҪھ֪ͻΥĿ͹۹ˣΪ飬ģǣʱ㣬ģֻеȡ
Ϊ֮ǰҸ㽲ģǱѡֲתλûԭôʣҪһġ
ԣܳɵ˼
ҽ˼˵Ⱦһڵ񾭣Ȳȥһʱ䣬ʵǿЧ취ܽǳǿ
˹ͨͱȽӵġ
ɽȥ˿
ǿڴһµģԣȴĹаҽܹģʵޣҲʱעġ
֮ǰһֱICUҲãICUǸطԱȽϷյĵطȥԽ࣬һ̶ϣֻICUĲ˲أҲʲô
ܲܣᶼֱӾѡ˴ѡķҲҽΰ
˵ͷˣҽˡһЩõġ飬Ҳһϡ
ʵģҽҺҷ˶ȽæҸ׵ҲȽϴˣ˵һȽרҵĻ᲻ϵøһЩ
ܳԣøͿˣҪһϸĺĵˡ
ڷ̱಻󣬿϶ҪϤϵģͻ˭ܹøãܳǺ۵ġ
ûã׸ȾǾԵġ
ҽͻʿŶӣԴൽԵָⲻʵ
õģҽ˰Ҫôػһˡ
ȷ̤ʵ˺ܶࡣǳᡣ
˵䣬ԼүүҲ˲ǿܳɺĿһһ˿ãžϽǰʡ
ܳɾ˵ģѾ׽ˣǹͨһ°ɣһҪȥʲôʵĻÿն϶ʱҹͨ


ٶʮ 쿭Ȼ
ҽҽԺΰ칫ң귿
¬ˣһȻϸźŰӦİţ¼ҽʦ
Ȼ¬˵Σ˵ĲʺϱȥĿǰƺҽԺ⡣
ҽҽԺ֪ܳҪҽԺһֱǱֻӭ̬ȵģҲϣܹܳʱ䣬ѹǿƵһȥ
Ŀǰԣܳˣڿﳣ濪չ΢ҽҽԺĹǿ˺ܴһֲ̨ܹ֫֫ĻϾȫȫ
֫ΪʲôڣΪ˱֫廵ѪƲס£Ҫ֫ȱ
ǣ֮֫󣬶ֲֲ֫֫Ҳǰԭֲ֫ȥ֮Ҫ֫Ϊ֫˴Ļ
ɣܳȴתĽ
Ŀǰԣ̸ܹͨ֫۹ܣѾһ漣ˡ
ܹȫǸ漣е漣Ƿǳõһᡣ㳣ҽҽԺ޷ظǽһɷ磬ܹø֪ҽҽԺĴڡ
ôһ⣬Ŀǰû÷ĹҲ֧֣ǰǱҪѷĲκãǿת
Ϊ˸ܳѹϣܹܳӾľ
ڶܳĿǰƺԷ̫ģ֮ǰICUʱ򣬲鷿ҲȥһΣ֮Ǿܾңܳڿá
˵ǷĹϵˣ߼ˣܳܳҲ
óȻǣٳĲܳɲԸٳ֣ʱɾЦˣһ޷ظǲֵġ
ܳѡǶҪܳɿͿģ̫ڿ̡
¬ǲΣǿĲʿֹܽѧȹǺֱϵģΪҪд֣϶Ҫдоʵġ
¬΢΢üҽԺҲãڴҲãûáûȷЧ֮ǰҲ˵гܲͬ⡣϶ǲͬġ
⣬û취ܳҽʦȡʱϵԸ֮ǰһ
Ȼ϶£ȥˣ˺ȴûܹǲ˻
ˣ͵һⲡ
ͷ˵ΣҲôģҲƺԺƵ˼Ժ˼ǣϣǶҽĹ
ҽܹͶ뵽ٴǴȥǹǿƵķǳõһתԺ쵼Ļ
Щ¬öˡ
ԺƤһƵ˿ԸĽ飬ôȥ˭ôЧûǹ𣿡
ǹǿƣôûɼ΢ôಡ˵ĺôࣿⲻǳɼ
һôȥûҲҪȥ
¬һ󣺡еˣֻֻܿܿеļĿǰΪֹͻûָԱ뵽
ҽԺΪһ˭Ҫô˵ȥܳҽĹ
ޡ¬һڿˮ
ˣҪģܳԸ⣬Ȼð¬Ȼϡǣ˼ǰæҵģǽѧģ򹤵ģλûãô˼ң
ѱ˱Ƶƨɻȥ
ûӻĻȻҲȥԺ쵼ǽ¬Խʱûʸ
¬Ҫ˵ĵ绰
ȻԺģ¬ɫˣԥһ£ǽͨˣһϡ
¬򰡣Ҫ㽲ϣҪҽĹճϡҽԺõһʱҲҽƵ˻㱨ˡ
ҽʵǱȫûھôõһᣬôûӰˣ
֪ѣѾȥ취ҹʱ򣬶ѡѵܲȥ𣿡
ҺԺˣǻȨޡҽҽԺڼ䣬⣬һж̸
¬ԣ£Ժҽǰ죬;ܾһ绰ġ
¬һԺҪͷԡ
ֻ֪񲻱϶Ҫúõ취İ⣬Ŀ꣬ͻа취ٺϼƺϼơ
ǵð£ҪһӦڡԺһ
¬ֱӵԺھͿԸ𰸣ⲻܡɲˡ
㶼ûȥһ£ô֪ɲأ¬ô°Ժ΢е㷳ꡣ
Ժޣ£Ҳȥҽ˵Ҫελøժ˰ɣȥǹǿƵĹΣΡ¬ƽ
ҪڹǿƵģЩЩ鲻
¬ؼʱ̣ǰɣ
һ͸ˣɺáʱ١
ҽҲǲͨˣ㿴ȫθҽ绰ͬˣ㶼ʣŬô֪㲻أԺ˵ҲһЩ
¬ԣס˶ͷ˵ԺҲȥģ£ֻҽԺҽƻҽԺ棬ȥҽ̸
ֻרΣûȨޡ¬ǳ
¬㵽ô°ʱ򣬺ҽЩҲΪðˣ͡Ժʼ¬򻭱
ԺҲŽʲô飬ҾڣѾˡ
Ժҽܹɶˣôȥ˵ʲôȥ˵ҽԺƽ̨
˵䲻̫ģҽļܸϣҵļܸ𣿡¬˵һʵ⡣
Ǹ⣬ԲҪ취¬£ҪϰֲҪҽϣܹһٴҲʲôֵҪ󡣶԰ɣ
˵ˣҽҲкܴĺôġ˵ҽҲ뷨ûпأԺڵ绰¬Լһס
û취ûᣬڲúðգԺҪĻᣬǾͲˣңεʱסкܶ˶ס
Ҿǲܵ飬ҽǿָԱûʸȥ̸Ҫ̸ֻǹλҽԺ棬ҵû̸
ԺһͷˣҪǾȥ˴ҵλãģˡ¬̬ҲǳǿӲ
ãԼֻҪ΢ѧ֣ѾǷǳˣԿܴһԽ¬°Լĵ
ԺһţҪù滮¬ţعҶĵ绰
棬ûꡣ
ϣٴδ绰¬ûӡ
ǽţͨ绰ٴδ¬֪ԼӲٽˡ
¬ôһûˣǶõһᰡҪ취İ̱˺Ͱףһѵģ
¬˵ԺҲ취û취鰡
ôңҲûãҲû취а취Ժ绰ĻҿĹչˡҪȥҽƵһ£ǴҽԺ棬˵һЩ
¬йҪᣬһҪ¬ȥͷˣ¬ôȥ
ûзǸ˵飬¬Լԣڣ¬ǾԲӦµģ飬ֲãԼ϶ܳ϶αأ
úõѧϰ
¬Ҷ֪ô˵ˡæİɡʧͲͷ
ڹҶϵ绰¬̫Ѩ
ĵ¬Σû°ɣҪϢ
ѹ¬Ҳ⡣
ãǼۺ⣬飬˾ռߣǹͷǳҽҽԺǿȺӣܳɴӦˣָԱԴ
ҽ϶ΪѣҲôΪѣԾܾˡ¬侲
Ҫ֪Ȿѧˣǵһλİ
ոǽˣ¬Űѻ»λ
˵ĳȻһ̨Ǹήģʱ֪ҪҪϻ㱨
ܳܣսˣһ̨ĴָεģһήģĴָεģܳҪعǽΣήģܳҲûþʽ
ԣܻҪ磬ܳɹͨһ¡

˿̣ҽҽԺԺ칫ңҲΪġ
¬βͬʵҲ¬򣬻ҲȥͷҪȥİ
ȻĻͬǽɽǰȴĭӰ
ԵĶȥܳɣҽԺڽڵԴǺҪ£ÿһǿõóֵġ
úãóҽҽԺ룬ܳԸѧĻ˵ԺԳΪҽԺڵĳ档
¬򽲵һ㣬еģǾǣĿǰûҽҽԺҪΪȷǺ鷳
ܳأҲӲ԰еķңڣԥãŴһ绰ȥ
ҽҽԺҡ
ܳӭĵһˣǺѲ쿭Ȼ󣬾˵ҽټˣˣҶҷ㡣
쿭ȻҺŽģҲø
Ƿǳεؿ쿭Ȼһۺ󣬰ͷƫһȥ
ܳɵ˫໥ţʣ쿭ȻﲻҶ˽ˣΪ
쿭ȻЦЦҽëˣҾġһ棬װ
쿭Ȼ⻰ܳɵɫһ
Цûպ˷ʱ䣬滹ôಡء
𰡣ҽҺôĺţٸƽʱ䲻һʮţʱ߸Сʱİٶʮӣа˷ӵʱ䣬ɲܰҵȨ쿭ȻϽϳȥ£ƤЦ
쿭ȻûպģҪˣûµĻȥѿʱøˣҪ˷ˡ
ҲҵļǲңҾãҵļ˶ԣõģлл㣬һҡܳɺվȻ쿭Ȼǰ
߸ӵܳɣȻݣɲ٣ֱӿ쿭ȻƵȥ
ƽʱ䣬쿭ȻҪٽĻֻħԸħˡ
쿭ȻܳɵɫЩŭˣҲͲٶЦ˵ҽ㡣
ˣˣ𣿡ܳվſڣΡ
һλܳɶ⺰ȻվǻصλϺ󣬸Ȩ˸Ϣ
쿭ȻˣҪȨһġ
ȨϢϾ͵ˣףðܳɸ磬ҵˣǴһϲģȻ˵ĻҲˣ˫ϲš
ܳûȨϢ濴
ΪԸ쿭Ȼܳûʲôõİ취ܳѾȫĵͶ뵽˿֮С
죬һذըĵһﲡˣǸСģ˿Цݲã˺⣬ȴ˵Ĳпᡣ
ܳɫһݣΣڣûй˵ȨеTMٵܳԥҪȥʡҽѧǿƷֻᣬǲѧƵרҵίԱˡ
ţܳĲ̣ǣҲΪѣΪܳһȥĲˣѧϰϵʱ䣬Ȼ١
һǽѧһʵʵڵĲˡ
˵ģֻĲˣĲˣ仰
Ѿء

Ȩ׽ſǣӻ˳ǰһЩ飬æˣħǱߣҲҵ˺ʵĽߡ
԰ܹѭĳģҩݣܳǸԱתˡ
ҵʵ̫æû˼Ҳ̫ȤǺһˣʱʡ
ȻһԭǣñܿһǸ㣬Ƕ̫ˣȻһ첻ʱ򣬻е㲻ϰߡ
һֲƣԲô׵ؾͰԼİȥ
Ȩôġ
쿭Ȼˣ˵ֻû뵽·ɻ
һŴŴã൱־ԣ֪ģΪӷġ
Ȩûˣԣô򳵽Ȼʼ۸ʱ˾ȨŽ˳档
Ȼϳһʼ۸񣺡ȥ棬ʮҪ٣
ͣҲˡ
ϰ壬ۣ˶һһǴİɡ˾һ㲻˼
ͣȻұˡԼϴ򳵡ȨԸ
˾û̫ᣬٶϰ壬ĶۣԼ϶û˽ӵġ
ȨٶֱӰѳŴˡ
ŵ˾Ͻѳͣû취Ȼεˣεġ
Ȩ˳
˾һڵ˳˵ô°ʱ򿪳š
ҲˣѺ򿪡
ⶼһˣ˵Ͳ˰˾Ȩһǻһɵ
㲻ҵǰɣұˡ
㣬顣˾ҲŴģһ˵Ӫܲſ϶ܣ汨֮ٸ
Ȩ˵˵ãҪԣڻҵ䱻⳵˾ˣңкܹصĲ
һ١
ٶɡȨֱԲ䡣
Բۣ
⻰⳵˾ˡ
TMʲô
ΪȨеˣԣܿлִ˹˾ؾͰȨȨߡ
ȻִڵľȨ󣬾еˣ棬мֵٶĶ
⳵˾ŵøϽǸǻǱץȥѯˣ漰ĲҲ١
ͨأԿ˾нȨ֤ݡ
ʮ֮󰡣Ȩڴһʻĳ⳵Ǿæҵģ֮ǰǸ˾ھ汻ʻأҲܿͱŵ
˳ȨȵԼ˾ڳеפأҽʡתģʵҲǸмΧصҽת
˹˾ĸ˾ϸϵˡ
ȻȨǸ쿭Ȼĵϸ󣬶ʱ۾һ
쿭ȻȻҲǸˡ
ҲǸҽеҵģƱʣڳ飬١
Ȩ̾ͶȤȻȨְԼĺֵܣ飬һ¹쿭ȻʵϢ
˽˴֮󣬾ֱ쿭Ȼȥˡ
쿭ȻڳҽҽԺأľԼ磬Ҫܳһ죬ȻġΥģܹҵȤ֮һ
һ
ǣԼĳϣڵȺĹУ֣һˣúúڣûйǳġ˳
ǺӣƺҿʲôȻͶĳƵģĿ쿭ȻһЦ
˻ĳȽأбʶȡ
Ȩ쿭Ȼĳƺź˹һ̡֧磬ܸ𣿡
쿭Ȼǳ̵ģҲӣ˼ǾͰѻ˶Է
Ҳӹ˴Ȩ̡
ֻǣڽӹ̺쿭Ȼͷ֣Ե̵ˣˣû
˵ʵ̵ˣ飬ǻԲܴߣã᲻ö
ιֵܣ𡣡쿭Ȼ˳
Ȩˣ˵Ҹ̣һ飬㲻
̣ѻ˿ڴ
TM쿭Ȼˣû뵽Ի·
ͺȨۣһȨһ£ֵܣǰɣҴˡϿҡ
˵žҪӿڴȥѻó
ֻǣ쿭Ȼһȴֿڴ˻ǲסƵģû
ȨһŤƨɣȻְ쿭ȻָŤ˳˵ֵܣ̣㲻Կ
쿭ȻֱӰӵˣһһţŵװ廬һ¡
ֵܣûպ棬ѻң¾ôˣҶ
ȨƵ˿˰벽ȻԼ̣͵аҪһð̻Ұ㿴㣬ˡ
ֻܹˡ
һ̣˷ѰȨĵһڣ̵һһģǷᡣ
쿭Ȼ״ֱ֣Ҫˡ
ȨȾܣ쿭ȻҲں׷
С£˵ˣ̲˵ġ
ȨĲٲ쿭ȻҲǷ׷ϡ
ֻǣţ쿭Ȼͷ֣ܵʱоˣȻ˵ģͰȨ쿭Ȼͣˡ
վס
˭ľһƷӺ
ͬ־ãһ쿭Ȼ״æ
Ϊһˣ챾ڵǼǣ⻰Ȼ̧ͷ
Ȩæ֣ͬ־ұľҪҶ׷һ·ҿڴָƣǵ١
쿭Ȼʱˡ
е£ؿλֵܣΪһȥˣ˴⡣
ʲô컹Ҫʣ˾͵м¼
ֵٶȨԴƵ˵ָƵġ
٣΢еס
ٶ򡣡Ȩ˵湺ķƱ֧ƾ֤ġ
쿭Ȼˣ۾գգ߼ǲе㲻Ծ
ǣԼոգȷֵȨĿڴȥ
û˵ֻȽȥ˵
ȨŵǴãҲԼȥȡˣֻ˵ͬ־һ·ܵʱ򣬶мأǿõġ
ֻΪûҵĻ쿭Ȼͣͬ־˵滰Ҳмصģ˻
ɲ˵ԼлҪԲһ£ϣûָƣԼãָơȨú档
ǿԲ֤ġ
쿭ȻȨô˵ɫ
Ļ϶Ǳˣһݵװ׵ġȨȻô˵϶ĵġ
쿭ȻһҧԼûٵ˼
ңһǣ쿭Ȼ㲻ףĻôͲˡ


ٶʮ 
쿭ȻҲܿ侲ˣרģǰ׼úܳ֡ԣҪȱֳĬ˵ٴ
ȵԼ׵ܲ˵Ƶķɫ
永ȷСȨȱ۵ذôصĶſ㶵еΥȨȱۣȱ˶µĵȡ֤
쿭ȻȻԼɣֻûԼĻѣңͣڵأ˻һĽӴ
һȡ֤쿭ȻҲˣĽǺͽڣ쿭Ȼûп͹۵Ķ⣬֮ǰûн
⿪Ȼ쿭ȻȨǸ
쿭ȻúܱԵ޹ʵأԼһôʱ䣬һɧζҪǸ
쿭ȻҲǸÿĨÿӵˣǸǸ£νˡ
Ͽҵعһ쿭Ȼʹ뿪
Ȩȴ˵Լ˶ֵҲƣͣʱ򣬱쿭Ȼ˳ˣ
쿭Ȼ۾ɴԲȻǣܲģ쿭Ȼĳ棬ҵһöָҾڼʻλĽ£ܲϸû취֡
ʣ쿭Ȼôأ
˼ĵһ棬ôһ˲䣬˶ڳϣָҲȷǳ쿭Ȼĳ档
ȨͿŵ˵ұǴ͸ŮѵģŮѼﲻԣҽ̫صԾûװС
ⲻְɣʱ䲻ﵢˣŮҲ
ȨǿϢԷһŮģɷֵϢ֮ǰϢܿġ
ǱȽ׵ǣǽӵģϵȷϵģһ飬԰

ȨôһȦ쿭Ȼļˣе㿴ȥˡ
Ϊʣλֵܣε㣬Ҫô
ָϣû쿭Ȼָƣԣ˻Ȩڸ̵ʱװ̺쿭Ȼĳ棬û쿭Ȼ֡
Ȩ˻֮Ͼߣˣ쿭Ȼֱ׷˳ȥûԼĻɽȴԼָƣŶ˽鷳
ǣȥûܹҵǲȨϡ
һ·쿭ȻҲû֣ȨжֻĲ
ˣ쿭Ȼĸ硣
ΪȨ£ǼĶ쿭Ȼ壬档
Ҫھ湤ܹˣȨı˽飬һȥǱǺӰǰ;ġ
쿭뾯ֵ˵һ˽ļ䡣
ǵӮˣʼźݻôȨڶ棬ֹͣ˿ӵĹ±֯ȻҲʼʽ
쿭Ȼĸ磬쿭죬쿭Ȼ˵һϣӦòǵɵӡ
쿭˵ֵʲôƢúܣȻôһ޳ɣҲЩҵԩ˵飬
֮䣬ʲôĻԡ
Ȩ쿭ô˵Ȼ˵ôֵһ̹ͶѣƿӺ˵飬ʹûô
·ȷϤ
쿭Ȩô˵ɫ͵һ䣬Ȼ쿭Ȼһֿۡ˿ȨҪ˵ʱ쿭Ȼȴ˫Ŀ˸˺â
㵽˭ֵܣԩ޳ΪҪأ
Ȩĵⲻǣ˴ǰӢ¼ụ́ܽĦѧϰһµ
һ˺һأϾҵõĲǵǸ磬ȴ͵˸ɩӡ
Ȩ쿭Ȼ˼е㻵
ѧʱϲһŮӣǳòզģȻǮԷϣǱһƷѧţҳɼõˣ˸ˡ
֮ʣȥҽ
£֪˺١
أ쿭Ȼ͵һӡ
㵽˭£ĿǰѾ쿭ȻһĽᣬ˭֣Ϊ֣ӲԼġ
ŮźӶ˳ȥ
쿭ȻҲǸ˼ˣֱڣȻûٽ顣
ϷƵġ
ȨҲͲ쿭Ȼˣֱӱ⣺쿭ȻҽȨҸࡣŵģģҶѽסˡ
ҲùϷ£֪Ҹ绰棬ܲᵽҾܲ㡣
ԺѹԶ㣬ＷüŪ۵ģ㰮ʲôʲô´Σٷҿɲĵغ㽲
Ȩ˭쿭Ȼ쿭죬治ʶȨһҸ࣬ȴ쿭Ȼ쿭춼Ҷ˵ʲô
ʡ༯ţǺзģȨ˵пŵĳɷ档治Է
쿭֪쿭Ȼʲôǿһ쿭ȻȻԸȨǸǸѴ鷳Ǹ
бҪǿԵŰݷá
ȻҵˣôҪľǽ⡣
쿭Ȼ쿭ҲǮܹȨżˣˣ֪ǲ
쿭Ȼƺʧȥ˼Ƶġ
ɿȨŴҲֻǵԼͷ­ãԺ󣬾Բپҽ
ȨǰɫһգȻ˵쿭ȻΪ˭֪⣬飬мëϵҪʲôԼȥ㣬ˮġ
ǲ࣬ҲˮȹϵǸΪĹˣĹˣò𣡡
õ𡣡Ȩ˵⣬ҲǾòԵ㵽ֹˡ
Ȼǩ˵ͬ飬׷쿭Ȼˣ쿭ȻֻҪǸɣ˲ų˾档
쿭ȻȨΪɵ쿭ȴ˵費ҪȥҪȥĵط
Ȩ˰֣ɨһ綯˰֣ˣҾֳзʽõģ
˵꣬ȨС¿Զȥˡ
쿭쿭Ȼˣ˼
쿭ؿ쿭Ȼһۣ˵Ȼˣȥɡ
磬һȥһԼĹѡ쿭Ȼ˿ûΪ쿭ĳ֣飬ǵתֱԼĳһžͲ˳ȥ

ﰡڸܳһѼݣȨþãȨ֣Щ̫á
ʱ䶼ˣԹͿ˵㣬˵ȥҪ죬Ȼѧϰ͵ˡ
뷨ðʱܳɶԼŵˣԼֱǻѵļɫѰ
ǰȨͰȣǰҪڵڶݶӵġ
͵
Ȩ˵ȥһˣѾˣǸ쿭ȻԺҲˡ
ܳĸжͬΡ
ƣȨӶԼԼأ
㲻רΪİɣܳɸεʣͬʱֶˡ
ƨȨͬβ͵èһӦЩҡ
Ȩı飬ǿģ˵쿭Ȼʵء֪𣿡
²£ԭĺ˭ģ
ô֪ܳɷ˷ۣԼֲģ쿭Ȼ˼ά̫ڼˣӴ
ġһ⡣
һ⿩Ȩν˵
쿭Ȼ£ԼһЩ߰Ȩȥ̫ࡣ
ܳһ£ţŰ˼΢΢ס
ع⣺ȨӣУʱǴһʱŶʵȨӰ㲻øܵİǴϰ塣
Ȩ˵ϰûҲүȥȻ͸ȥ
ĶֵǮ֪΢ְ۶Ƕǹ˾ҵһж֪𣿡
ܳû취ȻҲãǱϾ̫խˡ
ǣǰ죬Ǹڲ£ڣУ㲻³£ʱ򣬲Ӧִֵ𣿡
ȨϽ˵ָƨĴ֣ڲŷ֣ɶֻһһΣҰֺҸæҸƨ
ȻҲҸ磬Ǽ֣ǹؼء
ңܳһʱ䣬ûŵ뷨ҵȻҪ̷ү
ϣҸȥס㡣ȨضܳɼüŪۡ
ܳɶˣһɫĴ󺺶۵Ķô
ססҽԺᣬԼҵطȥסܳɿɲϣȨԼͰ죬ʲô°
ǰܳɻΪȨǽʡǮڣ㰮סĸ߼Ƶ꣬ȥסģҡ
ȨԹ˵ܳɸ磬ˣͲѽ
ôĻǽԷˣҲǻȥ¡㡣УʲôģҲؾܹһ̯¡ܳʡ
ȨǸʵڿ˾ʱ򣬺ҵԼĿ֡
ȨɫһȻϽܳɸ磬Ҹ㰡Ϊ㣬һֻĸϻˣΪ˶ġ
ܳʼҳԣ˵ΪұĸϻˣʲôЦ
Ȩ˵Ϊ㡣
һ֮ǰǸʤGDPƻȥŪģȻҾͱŮѸŶҲʦ㣬ж㡣
ڶ֮ǰǹұץ˰ѱҪ㣬ȥʦֵϣôֵܳܣ
Ҷѹסˡ
޹˵ºòãôͶͿأ
ܳɾˣڶ㣬ܳɶΪɵģǸ̸ߵһƥװһ˶ס
ޣ
ܳûʶ
Ȩüۣʣûԭ򣿡
Ȩʵ϶һԭ򣬵Ǿ̫ŤˣһˣֵܣһȾƳ⡣
ȨԼ㹻ļҵܳɺͶϾУǵŬûзԣӲ֮ʳ
ǲȻأұ˺ܾãһίͰ͵ģһͿޡ׾͵űʲôһġ
ʵ˵ڳʤŮѣദúúõģһǸܺõý˺ðɡ
Ȼأܳɿɴʲô
϶ֹɣȨӣŮȻƢ죬֮Ծ㣬϶Ǵõջа
ȻĻû˭бŰ
ȻʲôȻ󣿡Ȩһ
϶аȻôֻ㣿أ
ұ˧ɣָܳ
㲻һˣܹȨô֣϶ǷȨϵ㡣
ȻҾͶôġȨ˵ȴû˵
ǲ͵ˣ˱ˣֶ˿ģⲻô
ԲۡܳɺȻ
ô˵ԺȨȥ߮װ
ŶԣԺ߮ǽȨ˰ɣ
Ȩһĺ
ûʲôûʲô컹Ҫٺȵ㣬ÿ˾ͺ2ȻԼȥסֱܳת˻⡣
ԷʱȨ˵һ⡣
ĿǰؼегǱȽϹؼһ֣Ϊʡегˣɱüңܹȡмгôͻи
ȨҲҪؼף˵ܳɾˣȨ˲ٵĺöؼҽԺĲԴԼȥķϣȨܹϿ£
̬гһŶۡ

ϵʱ
ܳɳٵһСʱǰ͸ԣܳߵʱ򣬰ҲûʣֻòܳûȥеҽԺ
ܳɵȻ˵ûаô뵽ȥеҽԺʶˣ
ܳĿǰĶ൱ģȨﻰ˼׽ˣȻʳȨͶ֮ĶԹ;ԣһᣬܳɾˡ
ܿͻ˵ûѽ
ǻﻰ⣬ôһ˿˿Ĳʵ
ܳ׷ʣôһ˵һеˣ´׼ȥҽԺðǰʱ䣬ҽԺȥǱ߽Ρ
ţҡһ£Ȼ˵ǷҪʳǰɣðɣҾ͸㽲ɡ
ڳеҽԺƽ
һΪңԶ֣ܳڱȽʧʱ򣬰οˣȻǵһܳɱ׵ˣܳɵһļȵġ
ܳɵı΢΢Ȼ˵û뵽㻹Ǹ̳Ҷ֪ôģ
ңµġе
ܳɾ˵ðɣҲˣҸ㽲ԣȤ
ȥˣȥ飬Ԫĵ飬ܳʼնһ̣£ԶҲܹȥԣǰ飬ǶΪǰ
ңܳҲû˼ֻǿͬ£ߵñȽϽѡ
ʲôԣȤ
Ȼ˵ȨͶ֮ߴߴ
ıȴЩ죬ʣܳɣǲʲôᣬںʲôѽ
ܳ˵꣬ΪȤġ
ͻȻ뵽Ŷ
Լٷܶģ·ߣȨ˵ǰȨ׷Ȼ󣬰պԼȨ
Ůץʱ򣬶ǸĦ˹ǰɣ
˵ʲôںɶܳɹ˵Լס
ģܳɣ绰΢ţһԼ˽΢ţһǹ΢š˽΢ţԼãһ΢ţá
ҪǺܾ֮ǰҸѧϰûʱ䣬кܶڨϵʽɣǾһֱң԰ҾͺһˣרŸҴ΢ţȻҪϢҡ
ȻһˣҸ˵΢ŵġرҪϢҲǿԷֵġ
Ҵΰ¡
ܳɵȦһ
ԣ棬ǲʲôᰡ
ܳϸػһԼģ̣òƣţȨûаĸ΢ŵģһԵֵءǣ
Ǹˣ˭
ݣһԵ̹׾֣֮ܳǰûԤϵġ̹һͱճˣϺģʲôʲô
һҪȨԲΪϣԼҪ˯ĴǱк˯ġ
ܳɾЦػһ䣺Ҳкû˯Ĵѽ
ߵضȥ˯ˣûܳɡ
Ȼܳɴ˰֮һοģʱ
ͻȻǣ˲õջ
ѡ½һ
֫󿵸ƻ
֫󿵸ƻ
ۣţ
ţ
֫󿵸ƻģһǿĻۣҲǿģֻš
⣿
ܳɺѡһѡ˾ãһҪ΢ơ
ԣۣش󰡣ǣѡ֮Ŀǰá
ԥһܳɻǾãԴΪأѡ˿ۡ
ȻţǺôһſʵļܰ
ǣڣԼӵеļ̫࣬ʵĽȣˣѡ̫࣬ʱԼ
ͺԼڰҽԺʱ򣬸ջʱͣһƮˣ˵һЩ˶Ļ
ʱǰ֣ǣȫǰóĶ̫ڳǰȱʵ֤Ǿͺ˵ͨ
ҽѧѧֲǻѧ֤˾֤ˣֻҪϽ֤ҽѧѧۣҪ顢ʱĶѻȥ֤
ѡ֮һЩֵֹ֪ʶ뵽Ժ
֪ʶʵģô׵ģXܵĿʲô
Ȼܳɱѧȥ֮̽󡣾ͷ֣ԭȫͳƣе棬ƣ̬˵Ҫģˣ
⣿
ܳɾãȻǺãǴ󲿷ֵ£ǲǼܵе˰ۣȽʺǸˡ
ܳɺܿˣ֮ǰħʱǸ˼άȽ꣬˼άѶϽԺעҪΪпơ̸ˣ
˵Ҳ֪ǣڸЩʲôˡ
ħ뿪Ѿ˰£ܳĺܻǶʱ䣬໥ѧϰʱ⣬ڣۼˣ
вͬҲûɶ˵ġ
һҹ޻

գܶܶܳագΪе㲻ͬοʼ¬ҪԼ΢۵ڹ̶ˡ
ңܳɻ̨ȽµʽҪչѿԼ΢רұǩĵһԼڻļܺܶ࣬һױˡ
ֻܶ࣬ȴһһȷġ
ңһΣܳɲûѡп͹ʽΪܳҲԼһΪʱҷıǩеĿ⣬Ϊ˿רﱸġ
Լҵڵķչ
һĲ鷿
һĵ㣬Ǿǣѧ鷿¬ܳˣ֮ġ
ÿǵգԽһνѧ鷿Ҫļˣ͸Զܳɴӣߣ¬鷿
ôҶѧϰڲ귿Ȼȥ̨ϣջ϶С
ֻǰڽѧ鷿ĹУܳɾͷ֣ҲʵϰǶרǳһרҽѧԺУ
ǻĿһͿݡ
ߣǿʵϰģǿƵĹ۸û
ܴҽҲģǿףȽϾޣףǱȽϳǰ֪ģܹһ㣬ǺӢմߵģѹͲô
ҲѴǣܳͨĽѧݣǵǼǵúҲܹشһЩ⣬һоҵ˶ʿѧϰĻԱȽǿһЩ
ֻܳǰЩδԡ
ÿ˶ԼѡɣֻҪΪԼѡ𼴿ɣÿˣϣʵҽѧĸ߷͵ãֻǰҺڵĹܹþС
ѧϰһžܹвˣͿˡ
һѧ鷿ʹˣҴҽܳɽ̵ûʲôоΪûҲ֪ߣܲˬ
˳ơ߮СŶӼ۵ϴܳе㿴ϽĽѧ鷿
Ȼһˣֱҡ
Спڹ۸λڹ̶ǰ̨ܳɵ̨Ƿŵ˵̨
Ȼܳڽҵʱ򣬹ȻǿλźúõĴϰ岻ȴ޾£ӰǻŵĴ
ܴҽһǰ׼
ܳɵ˽ȨܳɷЦ⣬ζ
ܳɶ˷ۣû˵ɶ·󣬰̨ø¬ֻǼƶߣҪڹؼʱ
ԾͺȨԱ²ۣǫ̂ˣ
Ҫúõ㣬Ҳз԰Ȩſھ˵Ҫġ


ٶʮ ͻ
ҽǺϰǰʶ¬ܳȨĵûȣ̽
֮ǰҵе̣һˣ죬绰˵Ҫңһ̨
¬ʱ浽˭ңҪ̨ġΪڳҽҽԺȻֲ࣬ûее˱̨æ
飬һĵؼҽԺҽԺ֣еֵݣ̨æָһЩеָǸеĳЩ
Ȼ¬֮ôһʣܳܺеһˣĻ֤ܳɲִѧߣһֻо£֡
ôһԼǲлԺأ
һˣܳɵͷܴиɻ¬û취ҲͷȥܳɣܳΪѣܳʲôĻǾͺðˡ
ܳû˵Ȩѻ˹ȥ¬ΣҿЦģĲүܳɸ֮ǰʶԺϣ¬ܹչˡ
¬ǿΣȨ޺ܴ٣ӵʲôĲˣʲôģʲôļҵġ
΢еĹ˾Ȼǣ˾Ѿʼˣ棬϶Ҫ໥гģֻԼĹ˾ȳԵһ
û취飬Ҫȥһ֡
¬һϴ֣һ˼磺ϰ壬ǰҽϤǸãп˴һԸ¡
յȨէӦҪ˳ԸģϾȨΪеȥеԽ࣬ԽǮ
ôڳԷʱԼ΢ʾһ£˵ȨԵͷ
ܹܳµ㹤Ȩʲô취չȨܳɵĲģԼҽԺҲܵȨ˫Ӯ档
¬Σ˵ϣҲðŵģҳէ¬ЩҽȽˣı⣬ıȨ˵ͣҲǱȽί
Ȼ治Ǽ򵥵Ĵֲ赭ܹ顣
ܳԣûж룬ֻ˵¬Σǿʼɣǰ׼ãѾˣһ̨ԱȽϼ򵥣һȰַλˡ
¬ܳҪԱ߿Ȼָ㡣
ַλֲ򵥣ܿħԺѦ޵½ڣԺľǽڣԼйףܹͨ
¬һ֮ǰַλ⣬϶ﲻǵĲΡɹþС
вĿģնΪƣżõַλȻЧãǺõĳ̶ȣʵҲ޵ġ
¶׷ߵ̶ȵĻôҲ¡
¬㽥ɫһܹܳҽҽԺģңΪҽҽԺƵΣʵ¬ٵѹܴġ
ҽҽԺľ־ǶԱ곣еһҽԺĴƣŽʿѧңǱ֮ǰиƣ˵֮ܳǰѾǿʼչ΢ˡ
֮ԣĿǰУһ飬ֻǿҽҽԺΪʽĿ߱Чܺãõ
ǳеһҽԺʽЧҲܺܺãҲԽܳ
˭˵˱ܳ΢۸λһøõģ
ԺУĿǰǲڵġ
¬ҲʮֹעеһҽԺǣǸ޵ķƣҽԺθ˻ȥ
ڳеһҽԺչ΢ʽģŽŽվרҵǼؽƣѧϰǿվûôʱĽ
¬ҲҪڿﳣ濪չʽ
һ¬һøλĹ̶ǣCۻҵַλ϶Ȳҽ
ΣظΣ
κһ̨ʵϵģһŶɵģ¬Ϊ٣Ȱеһ飬ҪӿٶȣҪǿŶӵЭ
ܳʵҲĸǿ԰ŶӴɣǣһǳϺȵŶӣֻٶȺ
֮֮ǰܳڳҽҽԺǱ˵ġ
ܳɺȨվһԣ죬Ȩ˵ܳ
˶û̫ĺѹѾȨĵһ̨ҲǵһοѧϰʽҲ֪ܳͿ϶ܹס
Լѡ˳Ϊ˾ϰ壬עҽԺã֮ԻҪҽԺΪ˹˾ķչУڶǣһûô
еʱ⡣
Ȩ˵Ż¬͵ҽϰ壬͸һ°ɣ
ѯʣʵҪȥ䣬Ҫߡ
ܳɵͷȨҲͱ졣
͸ӵĽʾϣλԣǻǴŸλﵽ˹ܸλȴûﵽʸλĲΣ̶ֳȵĹ۶ԺϣӴĲѶȡ
ȥһ£¬½ң侲
Ȩܳɿ죬¬ԼҪעܳɲһЩϸڣΪˣҪȥᡣ
ۣʵʵʡ
躵ˣҲ߽ȥ¬ĲܳɺȨǼڸңҽʦѲػʿϴֻʿû
ܳȨ˵ٽ㻰ɣ¬ص㣬ô
Ȩ͵˵ͷҲǣȻתʱ˵
ܿ죬¬ٴ˽ٴ͸һº˵һڡ
Ϊ֮ǰܳϣ׵ĹַλȴǺѴﵽܳǸ̶ȡ
ƽƬĽ¬˵ı鶼΢΢Щࡣ
ﲻ׼һֲ̨׷ٶȣȻֻٵˡ
Ρ
¬ƺ⣬Ҫ߽䣬ʱ
ܳȴɨһʾϵƽƬ󣬿ڵ¬ΣˣλĲΣпͨڹ̶еʣĲƫƽеûҪȫﵽʸλĲΡ
¬ԣͷܳһۣţе⡪
ҽ¬ڶ˵ˣΪą֮̃ǰѾһ׼ˣôȴֹӡ
ˡĸλ̶ȣͿˣСпڹпλڹ̶УҪݹ߷ۣڵֱλУ
ֻ˳ŹߵλĻͨڹ̶е΢ĻָЧҲǼõġܳɽ͡
ǿ˳Ŀǰ¬ַλϣǵļַλҪﵽȫĽʸλǲ֪ҪظٴΡ
ӹ۶϶˵ĥһ󣬵˹۲ϻϼǾĵòʧˡ
ӳ棬һдڽۣ̿Ƕַλʧܡ
ǾͿˣҽⷽרң˵ˣǾͿˡ¬Ȼһ̾Ρ
Ĳ¬֮ǰַܳλ£ֻҪеŽȥⲢѣֻǣһεİ΢ڹ̶еʱ
ŵѶȼԽӵѶȣΪ֮ǰַλûرãҲظ˺öΣŶԽ
۵ƣλ͹̶൱ؼѵ㣬ʵڸλǹ̶
ǣ̶ЧǼõġ
Ϊͨڹ̶ԣߣҲֻԼɼֻǴﲻܳɸλ֣ȫĳ̶ȡ
ȻСҲǹ;֮䣬ŵĲ죬Ҫʵкܳ·Ҫߡ
ǣһСʱʮӺǽӽβ
¬C͸ӵĽܾãܳɣҽЧӦòɣ
ܳɾֱ˵ϲ¬ΣѾܹ΢Ĺпλڹ̶ˡƽƬųȥǻϣ϶Ǽõġ
¬ô˵¬Żһҽ֮ǰʱɵģԼ֪Ѷȡ
ԲκҴʲô˼ˡ¬ҡҡͷҲû׷̨ˡ
ķԼתȻǽԼסԺҽʦ
Ҳʼܳ޾µȻЦ˵¬Σ̨ѾܿˣҪתͳпλڹ̶ָ׼Ҫء
һСʱһ㣬ҽȻǲܱȵģǱ󲿷Ҫ˺ܶ࣬ƽƬ
۵Ĺ̶ȶ߶λãĴҲСָЧҲǺֵڴġ
ȻҲ¬ܳɵ֮Ĳ࣬ҲףͬĹ۴ͳпλڹ̶ͬʩչǽǽȻͬ
û취ܳɶˣ
ԼɶˣҪ׷ܳͬľĻôֻ޼ӳʱ䣬˼Ŀߣⲻôȡ
һʼֱӺ컨ȣǾҪǿ£ҪǿǲûʲôԵġ
ǾͲҪ׷ôˡ
ȨҲ̨ȻһˣϢ
¬Ǽ̣ҽ˵ַͬλۣͬôʩչôĲأ
⻰ȨҲ˶䡣
۾һظܳɵһˮָ¬һԼҲˮȨķݶûеġ
ҪˮֻԼȥ
ܳ˼һ£˵¬Σʵַλ㶮ԭ󣬻ҪһЩġ
ʼţͨȥ׿ȥ죬ﵽλЧٽһò׾ٵغܿﵽλЧ
Ǽ򵥵Ĺ۸λ˸ӲλĲλܾͲ̫ãʱҪõɾ
ɾãͨԼʵλãȥԼ˼ַ̽ͨλȥܣ岻֮ͬϵȻͨǧﵽλЧ
Ҿ¬Σȥúõһ¡ܳɻ˵š
˵ǣܳԼģ֮ǰƸչһЩ绮ּӦĵ㣬ܳɰַλš˳Ѳͬʱڣ˵ͬȵȼ֮䣬һȽϿ͹۵Ļ֡
¬ԣ˼ȴ־ޱȣҾ˵ҽ㸴λʱֲֿġ
ѧϰȽǿʣҽ˵ɾҲҪģҿƽʱλʱȴûôôﵽλЧģ
ܺ棬ܳɵĸλǽʲô
¬Ҳתͷ
ܳ룬Щ֮ǰַλ棬ûرעģڣܳԼܽһ͹۵Ķ
ɾ֮Ӧûһתɡڹ۷֮δ£ΪʹĴ̼ȻȻʵǺǿġ
ڸλʱܹúЩߺͲԼҪõܴѾ㹻ﵽλ״̬
ߣҪģһּıǣʹñƽ֮ĸﵽƽ״̬
ַ࣬λܹ߲ΣˡܳƵؽ͡
⻰ȴ¬Ŀɿڴ
TMԭ
û߱ȥɹλַλʲôľ磬ǧﰡ
Ȩԣһ±ƣ˷ۣЦ˵ţҲѣ磬Ȼ˫֣һӿ¶š
¬ûȨ²ۺңüͷţ˼ܳɵĻ
˼ãȻûг׵͸ȴҲȻһ̾˵ҽҵʱʱʦôѧĻǾͺˡ
ѾأٴʳԼ⡣
ܳĻп˵磬ΪЩ˭֪ôҪ⼸ܽ˶ٵĹôڣûơ
Ȼ׶͸ˣ˺ˣȻιģȻˣĻ֮ǰôŬǶ׷ˡ
²ֻϻص״̬£Ǽ˼ҩʵȻͨо̼ܵ΢״̬ʱǿҪʩӵĲ׿Ӧ
ⲻ̫⣬ǣ򵥵㽲ǿش̼ǾҪõļ⣬״̬ǴﵽλĿġ
¬ſͣס۾ȴ
TM򵥣ټ򵥵㲻
ˣ̫ˣҲ֪Щֻ᲻Դ
ŶԭֻܼװԼˡ
ʵܳڽЩɶҲЩĪ
ܳҲûټᣬȻ˾ְѻƵطҪһ£ȨϰûŮѰɶģȻ˵ĶӽûЩûӪĻ
ܿ죬ͽе˵ڶ̨̨
һ̨ĹۣŹǹۣȻŹжιۣǣŹжεĹۣλеˡ
һʼȻܳɺȨԹۣȻ¬˿ʼַλĲ
ǣһΣۻǹۣλȴȫûλ¬ڵúѿڵθλ֮Ȼ֮󣬾Էˡ
ܳɼ״û¬ڣȿڵ¬Σһ̨ĹۣȷǸλʱеѶȣλɣɺĹ̶
˵䣬ܳ¬߽䡣
ܳһ˵¬ΣΣŹǵĹַλ֮ѣڼǣ£Ҫ
ܳɾ΢¬ľȽϸһۣȥȻͨʵĲӡĺͶԱȡ
ʱ򣬹֮䱾ڵĦУܹ׿סǣλĹۣͲλˡܳһ˵һߴ˳ң˸ҡ
Ƭ󣬹Ȼʾϣƽƽʾţ֮ǰ¬ֹǹ۵ַλҪĹ۸λ״̬͵¬ȥɹ̶ˡ
Ϊ¬֮ǰԱȣҵˣܹоܳɺ¬֮Ĳ࣬ܳɵĿ⣬Ӿη
ûжԱȣû˺ϰ˸õĶѣ
ܳɰ΢ۣȻҶЧ϶вģ֮еĹԣҲȫͬġ
˵һ̶ֳȵƷˡ
¬ǵ˵ͷпҽҷ
ǿҾؿչ΢ۣкԶһЩ·¬ȫ֮ǰ뷨
ЩǱϿô򵥵ģЩĻᣬĻᣬҲȫͬĸ
ԼĻܹĿ̨ĽȻٶȺ
Ļǻв⣬֣ͬһۣȥǱֳһֻǵĲһֻᣬƷˡ
΢ڹ̶Ҳѣ򵥣Ҳǲ򵥡
ܳɵĽѧ¬εظܵˣ֪ܳʶԼȡ
ܳͣ˵¬ΣʵҲãؼģڸλ
Сппλڹ̶ȡڹ۵ԭ΢ԭҲѵģ¬νǵһεǻýչѡ
һ̨ζˣͻ
¬ΰ϶ҪôżŵʲôŶţŵľ磬ǿ϶Ҫʱȥۻġ
ҵѧϰʱȫԼֻҪڵ·߾ͺ˰
Ȼ⻰ܳɿɲ˵ĻԼеģԼѧϰǿң¬ˣʵʵѧϰ
ôȵġ
Ȼ˳˳ˮ
ߴϣǶйؼѵ㣬һЩĲǴ󲿷ҽġܳɵʵǴַλģȻַλ
΢ڹ̶ֻǻ㾦Ϊַλ󣬹۵ļǿ̶ѡ
һ̨Ҫ͸ҪѱʰͨԭܹõĶһ̨


ٶʮ ֪η
ЩԼûԲû취ᵽеѶȵġЩ˵ˮƽԼǸڣ޷ܵˮƽ֮ߵ͡
˫˼룬Ҳ˽⵽һﵽĸ߶ȡ
ӻֲᣬڳĲУ׳ֵһ顣
¬ھǰ̨ԼֲԽضܳɾ
ʢ֮ʿûԼ¬̬ҲǱɲ٣뿪󣬶ܳɸпҽ֮ǰ˵˸λ΢ڹ̶еĹ̶
о̫ѣȫҪԼȥʱ򣬻ǾýţǴﲻԼҪĽš¬ıأһ˵ţһ߻Ƶغһˮĵ
׺ƵظܳɡȨҲһˮȨվӹȻлδ⣬ϸܳɵĽ⡣
¬ΣҪҸ˱ȽᣬԼ¿ܻԣ۵ѧʵȱݡʵûκξڡܳҲҵԼĲ֮
ʦѲѣ
˵ѲѣֻҪ֪ʶ̺ã֪ʶԼ˵ȻǲѵġҪ̺ˣ̵ףͲˡ
СѧеĽѧͲףο֪ʶṹϵ
ʵѧʦõѵģõΪѡʵѧѵǣѰԼ⽲ñףػǿ츳
˰
ֻԸˣܳиָİ취ʵڲУͨģҲȥģôѧһˣǣܳҪ飬϶޷ͨģȫʵֵġ
ڴ¬ĹУܳɾû߽ݾǴʵʵڵصһʦҲںܳƽѧۡ
ڴ֮ǰǳʤҲã߮ҲգᣬЩˣǳˣǵԺܸߡʶΪǰ¬򣬾츳ƽƽˡ
ΰ˽ѧãйʵģǶҽѧѧĹػϵġ
ȻҪҽѧʵͼܵĵȼݻλ͵÷涼ȥϸףⲢס
Ǻ飬ʲô鶼ؾʹɣôҲûôˣοµشӰԶ
úãǧţòõĻοѻĹƶȶԱңǴȴϵҽѧĵλɡ
¬˵ҽĽѧʵǳ׶ֻѧϰĽȺٶȶ̫ˣĽ࣬ѧϰٶȱҪֻǿԼĻš
¬ܳѾһõʦˡʵÿ£ͨ͸ܹе֪ʶṹֳɣֻԼղӦá
ҽѧϵ棬ܳˣƲ̫ࡣ
̫ˣó¶óѧˡ
ȨҲ˵ܳɸ磬Ҿ̵ͦõİôˣܶࡣ
˵ģ⡣
ܳȨôһ˵ʱ۾һ
ףѽȨ˳С
Ҫ˵Ӵ棬˭ͣôȨˣҽѧϵ츳ȫȲŹֵʮ֮һٷ֮һ
ܹȨѧõĻô϶Դ󲿷ҽѧõġ
ܳ˲䣬ӻ
Ȩˣǿģˡ
ȨԼ˵ܳɵĿвԾĵط˲ɫһݣһԼ޾µ죬ͷѹܳɸ磬Ҫǿ˵Ļ˵һȥҡ
ܳһ
һЦͰ֮ǰմƵ
ϰҽĹϵܺð¬Цʡ
ܳɾ˵ҺȨ֮ǰһͬѧһ飬Сһ죬ˣҽҵˡ
ܳԼڽ·ݣѾ˹ļƻҲμ˿ԣûþܹõ֤飬ڰ·ݵʱ򣬻μӵҽʦĿȥ
ȨȴҲҽһˣùңȻҽʦʸִ֤ҵ֤飬ǹûꡣȻǲܴҵģٲִܵҵ
¬ɫһԭĽ˰
¬л˼Ҳ
ⲻܳ͸һ©ܳǰȨѣһе̣һٴҽûϵɵӶš
ܳû˼Ȩȴɫһݵ˵¬ΣҺܳɸǴѹϵһУûء¬βҪʲôᣬȻͺѽ⿪ˡ
ȨʵΪе̣Ӧֺ¬ģҲ¬еĽɫǴɹһ˾һҽԺԲ˶ٵÿְҲ˶Ǯ
ǴǮԣһ¬򣬻ɵ˾ͲȨȻơ
¬⻰һͣ˵޶˭ô͵ģ
ܳɿȨһۣ͵¬ΣǰħѸʱɳйô˲ڳ
ܳҲǻ
¬ϷӦ԰Ȩʡģܳȴħô֤֮ǰͿûʲôϵˣԺأ

һܳɾ˳¬Σȥ̨ĴָεƽƬǰ飬ٹһȥҿ
Σһٹɡ
¬ԣʱǸܺõĻ᣺ҽһȥɣһתЩ˱͵æ̨
Һϰ壬е㻰Ҫ˵
ΪȨΪеˣһᣬ֮ǰĻе壬¬δôһ£̸ݲϸ˳ȥ
ѾǸҽʦŵһЩġ
ܳɺߺԾذŸˡ
ֻǣ¬򿴵ʱʣûڵʱȨ˵ˣ¬Σ㽻һɣȨ˾ҵġ
Ҳ˵ҲṩҽҽԺκȨޣһеġ
ܳѣϣ¬㲻ҪΪҲҪΪ
ˣӣʲôϲ˵Ȩȱһĺڣϲŭֻǣ˵䣬ֱӾռϷ硣
Ц֮ǰȨӴģǸҽԺΡڣȻʱ·磬ջ֮䣬Ҳѧ˲١
һ¬򣬵ؼҽԺΣԿϡܹʵѹ˵ʱȨƱɶ
¬ԣǰԼĻ˻ȥȻؿȨһĪ
Ȩͼ˵¬ΣģںơһЩԭԵĶǹ˾ҿ˾ҪĿĲΪǮ
Ҫ˵ģôࡣ֮⣬ǿѣóԳԣúȺȣЩʲôЩʲôĵҲġ
Ȩ꣬㱣˳ĬȻ¬˵
¬˺ܾãŻԣϰУΪҽģ
Ĳ˵һЩشе˾ܾ»ˣȨΪһ˾ܣֱӵмҽԺⱾͲ
Զܹ֮ܳĹϵ͵ˡ
Щ£ܳΪҽģ˵ģ˵
˼ҾǸܳɸСܡ¬Σллʱܳɸչ˰Ҳϣ¬Ժٶչһ
ҪĻǹ˾ṩ¬κܶ෽ģ޵ĻᰡҲ¬γޡ¬ҽȨЦţ¶ݣסˡ
ǻв֮⣬ȴ
ոգ¬ֻȥܳȥңԾǺԼл˵ܿܳ˵Ļǿ϶ܳйأȨƽϡ
ϲԱƱһзս͵͡
ڳΪ˾֮ǰҽԺǿƶϺֽڣ˴ѹ˵¬ˣҪǶ£ల£ҪʲôСžţô˼ҽȥˡ
˼Ҳǣܹڹڶ첻ȥ
Ҳܼ򵥰ֻҪ֮ǰƨһȻڵ㻹ôڹڻ죿
¬˼һ仰û˵ˡ
Ȩƽʱ˰ֱҸȥ
Ѿǰǰ׼ˡ
Ȩӣϴ̨æһ̨ĴָεĽعǽΣٶȲ첻ҲѧѧҲû¡ܳɶȨ˵
ȻҪʵУ̽̽Ȩĵװ
ѧʲôܳɸ磬㿪Ц˰ɣҲ˵úܡȨʵϵĿЦҿ̨
ǾվԱ߿ܳ϶ȨΪѧȻϣܹԼġ
¬ξȻûңЩ֣¬ΪΣûȨԸ躣̨æ
ĴָεĽعǽʵرձɹܣƵһࡣ
ʵĴָĻΣȷܹӰ쵽ߵʽġ
ǰ׼ˣ˾Ƚлҽҽϣҽ˵ҵֻûǾͰҰ̨˰
ɸ㲻ϣʱʹȥŻˣҲǵΪֹͷһ⣬ǰδš
סԺʱ򣬲Ĳ˴ʹúܡ
ܴҽȽȻϽͣ磬ŰǲǾֲǾķΧ̫㣬Ŀðɡ
ҽ㻹ɶˣ
⣬ҽֵУվ׼ܳɵҪô㣬̨ȴͳ
Ȩûˣؿܳһۣܳһأ˿ģҲͷ
Ȩ֪ƽܳصһƥһϹˣԣܳɵľġ
ܳɾ˵ʵĴָĻΣưָοǹĶйʵĻ֮⣬Ƥ֯ĻΣҪҪعǣѹʻָĽṹ
عǻָ̬֮󣬽ع֮󣬻ҪѼָ֯֯ĽṹȻҪֲƤ
ҴһкƤкƤҪеľǣʹ϶ءǱҪע⵽һ㡣
ĴָĻΣڵĽǶȴʮȣܲճĲҲǺܴȴҪеһЩϸʱһ½عǽΡ
ҲȢš
ܳɵ˷ˣ˵ҽȻεģǲҪ㰡Ȼʹ⣬Ǹ㲻ϡ
ҽҿЦҺ¡Ҫ˵꺺ӣʵҲΪ˶ܳԿ࣬ʹʱ򣬶ˡ
ûû£Űܳһ˵ţһֶ˽͵ҪĿİҲУ̫ΧǶ֪Ĵָ֧䣬ʵޡ
ǵҰʵֻǵһ飬ûҪ̫ΧСҾɵҾڵҽԺԳԿչһС⡣
ҲϹء
һ˵ţܳɾͿʼˣֲҩô
ˣҽעˡϴֻʿϰҩ˹ȻҲΧ˹Ҫʶһ£ܳҪô
ܳɽӹ͵ָĽʽṹȻϸκнģĩ⸽ֲĸоĩҺܷḻԺܹܿܵʹ
ʵָ෽Ȼδĩҵ񾭷ֲ١ǿԲȡʽﵽָЧпܻһΣûϵ
˵䣬ܳɺܿذ˽ȥ˺ֵǣڳУ붼ʹرǴʱ򣬸ʹ
ǣܳȴһ΢еɲ˶ûʲôо
ûüл۵ʱܳѾ˷ҩĶȻ˵㿴ڿٽ֮ɾֲĲʱʵû̫ʹеģӦ
ܳΪӡ֤Լ˵ȻĴָ࣬Ҳǳڲ࣬ٴν룬ַͬͷ˽ȥȻҩ
˻ûл
ҽܺʣ㲻ʹ𣿡
ǲ˵֣ҽĻһ
ǿʼôûоŵ΢һ£ǻȺ΢
𶯣ܳϺֹȻ˫Ŀҽһۡ
棬̸ѧѧͲҲô
̽Ӳס
𶯰ܿģڣ룬ĴĴָʲôо𣿡ܳʡ
һ㴥ʹһ㶼ʹG𣿲ָ־ϲ
İʹͺãʲôҪܣ͵ϢвϵĻֻܸתȫ˰ܳɽ
һ̨Ǿֲȫ飬ʱתģĿǰֻҪû˵ңûɶо
ȻܳɿٶˣֻܳɺܿؾƤĶܳпĴָָؽڲ෽Ƥȥֻ΢ѪȻ޾ɴһĨѪҺûˡ
ţܳѪǯƤƤ֯˿¶졣
Ĵָļ죬ܹаĴĴĴ켡Ĵ켡ĴչĴչĴռĴƼ
棬ֻĴĴ켡˵һָؽڣԶָڡ
ԣҪģʵ鼡⡣
Ƕָ֪ûм֯ǰۺƵļָѳΪ졣书ҪΪ2飺ƲΪָ죬Ϊָ졣
ָԽƹؽںڽָǱչγǿָĤ
ָĤΪ3ֹ֣мָǻײ״ֹǼ伡ԺнָǱϲֹԶָǵĻסмǿ
ָ켡ʱָؽڳ״̬мѽָؽڲֱѣԶָؽڲֱ
״̬£ߣָؽΪˣָؽڳ˻ںϣԣļ췢ҲǲģУĴ켡죬϶ǹģĴ죬϶ǹ̵ġ
ԣҴ㣬ͨʶλܲܰ죬ۺһ£ʵڲеĻǾֻȡطλܼ죬ɼֲˡ
ܳؿŽѧ֪ʶʵ˵Ȩ˵ģ棬ȨĻ
ܳôϸĽͣвȨҲ
ΪǣҪѪܺ񾭣״̬Ѫܺʵǹģ󲻱ؿǡô£ǵĲʹֿԷֳ
һعǣؽ档
ڶĴֲţ
ǣƤĴ˵ֲƤ
Ĳǹ̶
ⲻѰɣܳʡ
ȻȨȨ˵ͷ
ȷѰ
ּܳգָؽڣһָǻһָǵ׹ɡںˣҪһṹȻڴĥɹǵס
ҺʵĵطпƤ֮ǰп˲棬ʱǾҪӽָǴƤжϡ
ȻǱ¶һһܳɵĶɾ䣬ҴҶ
ǣܳɰںϵĹͷ¶󣬽ضںϹܳɾֱ˹Ǵ죬ȻںܿʱĥһĽṹ
ǵģܳԼĥһṹȻƽʣ㿴Ļṹǲǲ൱ĴָĽָǻǳԲ׶Ͱ״ֱǡ
Ȼָǵףһ״ֱǡܳһ˵һʱ
ȻȨȨҡҡͷ۾˼ǣĲ֪
Ҳͬˣһĭػأҽ˵Щݣһ㶼û⣬Ҳûȥס
ҼסҲûðָǵ׺ָǻ죿
Ļֻ˵һ룬Ҫ̶ֳܹȣһֻǸҽʦ
磬ָǵ׺ָǻ⼸Ŀǰȫ緶Χڣɵ飬ϣʱûа
ɬŹ֡
ֹŹ֣Ȩ˶޷ᵽģΪѹ֪⵽жѣֻǾ𺳡
躻˵G㿴񡭡
ͷţһģһ
ͬԷˮ


ʮ صص㣡
ðɣλҲɣҲܹǣ粻û취ȥֱ˵ﰵһδԡ
ƽʱ֮ܳǰ¬ͲֹһεڿѹǧҪΪܳɵСӡ
ǿˣܳҲ¼ҽʦĻԹ׷ס
ܳɵ˵ǣʧҲܹ躵ˣǶֻסԺҽʦûΣûԼ
֪ʱҪٶٵѴҪעٵϸڣʱҪѧϰʱѧϰĻж֮ǰ˷ʱ䣬Լоʦѧϰʱ⣬жô֮ס
Ҷͬ£ЩҲֻܵ㵽Ϊֹп󣬻ͲԵ̬Ҳ˵˴
ϾҽľֻһݹҺڶӶѡ
ܳɼǼڿһ¬β٣һϴִ·̨һ˵Ų˼
Ƕܳ˵ģ飬ȫ֮ǰողűȨвܳɵǸҪΪĵǸ
Լʱܳһ·ԹۣݻܳɲſʼչԼԼﲡԼͳٵȱϯøܳɽ͡
ܳɵ˼ȫû¬ϣֻڼŹؽһ顣
׿ѣֻҪѻüɣﵽ˵סԺʱĿģѻλָṹȻһֹܡ
Ҫһ㣬ѣعǾˣָ̬󣬹Ȼָһ֣Ҫָǵ׼ؽ
ܳɲô׵ؾͶԴ̨ôˡ
ԼܣϣܹĻ߹ܿøһЩ
רҵĿָһ֣ԭĽʽṹؽǹܿĻûãָٺãվ̫͡
Ľʽṹؽȣ޵İ취ָΪܹͬʱޡ
νعǽ¬ƽʱҲпչ¬̨Եʱ˫۵Ŀȫסˡ
Ȼ΢΢ƫͷ˫棬ٴϸϸƫͷһƬϵƽƬʾ
˻¬ݺݵصһ
п֣躺͹ˣżţ¬ȴĹ
ҽָǵ׺ͻؽúðôõĹؽڽṹϧˣûйؽҺӦĤṹ¬򵱼ʾϧ
֮ǰڻ״̬£ߵĤṹ͹ؽҽṹǲ̬ģָṹȻͷˣг
ʮĽţҪʮЬӣ˫ЬӵҲҪϵ
¬ôһ˵躺͹˲ֹͣ˽̸ģؿ˹¬˼Ҫ͸ȴǻ˻
˶ˣܳɾͼˣ¬ΣôģؽҺĤṹȻؽǿͨ¶λһƵĽṹӹؽڵĹܻԡ
Щ֮ǰ˶û˵
Ϊʱ䣬ͨģģ⣬ͨʵеһЩ̵飬ܳҲ֪ʱ򣬹ǲõġ
ѹûӦⳬǵ֪ʶϵ
Ƽ
һ㶼򵥣ÿһطģǾõģ޸Ҳﲻ̶ֳȣһ͹۵ʵ
ĴָЩṹҲ޷ȫָģҪ׸׺ͨ͸ӦȻΪ׵ˡ
¬ԣЩ࣬˵ҽ˼ǣͨתλֲﵽؽҺʵȱʧѰ
ܳ˵ǲףΪǵĴָһָؽڣҵȻ̽һ̽ĤṹΣܲٶഩһȥ
УǾֻﾡˡܳһ߼۲ʣĽṹһ˼ӦĲԡ
¬˼ĬĬһ԰æȻӹӣСĵظܳɣ˷֮ɫһ̨ƽ躣Ҫ࿴˼
϶ǺöĴָΣʵԻߵӰжôأҲڣ̶ܹͨȵػָߵıܣͲˡ
Ȩ¬ܳ໥ϣûа˼Ҳһ
¬ȥܳɽһЩûҪ飬¬˵Ҳû£ȨҲĿǡ
ʮӺ
¬ʣҽǴֲأǴתλأ
ʱַʽѡҲܴﵽЧһָãǲر˵ˣʵڹҪ󲻸ߵ£һתλá
󣬻ʧȥһֵܣܹ油෽ĹܣֵܹĻǼˡ
ĴָĻߵģָϣתλû취еİ취һ£ǻֲɣĴ켡죬á
ʵڲУٿܴܲȡܳɼͷű¶ǰĴ켡켰Ĵ죬Ȼ΢ԥ֮
ܳɾѡ˰ĴĽ˸ˣǰԶ˵ֹ㴦
¬ܿͿܳɵ˼ͷƤһʣҽĴȷǳޣѽ˸е˺ϣмΣ󣬺ײѵķհ
¬ɻ
һԣֲ඼ֹ㴦ֹ㴦ͨǵĹ̶һ˹̶ȻΣֻҪˣվͻήͺܶࡣ
ĥһ̨ǰۼپеϸڣҲ޷ƾǸʵԼԼˮƽʱ
ϻۣҪӦ䣬ء
ҲаɣֻҪѼϺõ㣬ѵķղߡңȻļֹ㣬ڻȣ;Σֻһṹܳ˵ĵĿǡ
¬ĻȻûոߡ
ܳɵĻҲû߰
ҷգһ̶ϣͨϵļĿֲָģ
¬ͲٶƱƣƫͷ˵пȥһӦףҾãˣдһcaseܲ
caseǲ
ϵͷ¬ΣҲôġ
ܳɿ¬һۣЦЦû˵ôһ㣬¬ڿϵ㣬ͱȲ̶ҪӸһЩ
ǰܳڲ̶ʱ򣬲̶ûҪдЩ¬ȴܹز׽㣬ͦ˼ͷ˼άġ
Ҳǿ˼άһ֣ȻǼ򵥵˼άҲһʶ
֮¬case֮ǰħԺʱû£ΪħԺƪcaseȫû˼£ǶȥҲȥдûҪ
ֱ⣬RCT£ǹؼġ
caseǸ˵㣬飬һ۵ʹٽߵŵ㣬ͬħԺĽѧҽԺѾܲȥҫԼĵˡ
㣬ʮӹȥ
ոµļΣ³˵Ұңڿĸ£ߵĴָҲǴʮȵı˱ֱ״̬
¬꣬ĸп治ҽĴָĿǰǷǳֵڴġһ̨Բȫҵκνڡ
ĳ̶ȣ׬˰
¬˵Ļ΢е󣬵ҲǸ˵һ̨ȷǾʽṹܹؽĲΣĹܣ϶̫
ҲûѪܺ񾭵⣬Ǻֵڴġ
һҪ϶ȻĻϧҽ˴˼ظô׼
񲻶ô࣬Щ֣˵Gллҽлл¬ΡΣǶǺ˰
ǷģһϣԲǵŬࡣúã˵ҲǺ鰡
ллλҽллˡ
ҵķΧ˲ů˲٣˵鶼ɡ
ҪҪллҽأּǿ¬ţܳɷͷ
ﰡܳɵʵõģﻹЩ룺¬ΣҪȫ緶Χڣҵõʮˣܹĵزðɣ
⻹ܳڱصĳȻ⻰ɲ˵ˡ
ܳȻϸ΢еżķϣܳɲõȻǸkesslerϷһһļӹ̣ѣǷ߶ѡ
ܳɸ磬¬ζô˵ˣǿ϶ˡȨҲܳĴָﻹ㣬ʽܲʲôרƷǸʲôרŵеҲá
ܳƫͷȨһۣ˵ȨӰüǿҵѧϰ˰㲻ѧƨĲؼ㣬˵˵̨أ
ԺôƨأܳɶȨһ
Ȩ濴̨ܾãӲûһ֣ǣȨ˵ܳɳƷƷ⻰ܴܲ˿
ιʺɱܳ֡
ҪȨѧϰȤΪýѧۣһס
졢ؽڵĹؽڵ׺͹ؽڻؽȻĽҪƤ⡣
ܳɶԣʲôѶȵĲ̺֯а취ȥ㣬˵򵥵Ƥֲˡ
¬˵ѲأȥһкƤȡƤҪʼֲƤˡ
ҴǣкƤǣܳؽʵ̫ˣкƤȥ䵱߲ȫԵƤȱ
ܳȴͣˣ¬Σ¡ȲȡкƤٴһ£ƤµĽṹ
¬һΪѵؿҰƤ½ṹҪô
ܳҲû̫ӣȻһЩӣԽпڵƤ£֪гһС֬֯
ңڰ֬֯ȡ֮¬ֿܳҲ֪ǴͳһǳϸѪܣ1mmѪܡ
Ѫܣ˵ǰǵĶ϶ҵˣƽʱõкֹѪ˵ġ
ѪܺܳɾͿʼ۷Ź⡣
Ȼ󺰵ѲأҿһϸѪܷߡ
¬ˣܳɵ˼ˣȫȻ֮ɫҽ룬֬ӪѪܣǺɣ
ţôġܳɵ˵ͷ
ΪʵõֲƤֻƤȱĴ棬¸һ㱡ƤңǶ֪֬֯ȻǱֵ֮Դ
ǣĻã֯ĸǱãȴǿκνṹġҲܹ֧Ƥáܳɾϸµظ¬˶ظ֪ʶ
¬򵱳˾ͱľˡ
ƽ˭ȥע㰡
ǣ¬Կٴת˺һȻظһܳɽĲҿⲻ֪һ̨򵥵ĻνعǽΡ
ܳɶɶ
عǡԽṹؽ̬пϡֲۺڹ̶ȻֲƤ֮ǰܳɻһƤ֯ؽȻܳɵ뷨ҪһƤ֯޼
һ̨ܼ򵥵ܳװף˰
ҽ¬Եܳˡ
տúõˣ˺ܶ࣬ȥᣬȫĹǿᣬʡĹǿᣬȥֱ澫ļټ
ǣܳһ̨Ϊ򵥵ôģôעϸڵģ¬Ǵû
һ߶֪ȫ֪΢
ܳɵǵ¯ľ磬Ϊû磬ǾԲô򵥶ʽУôݡ
һһԭ򵥣ȴȻܹ뻯һֻΪĸо
ⲻ¬Լ˵󻰰ڿܳһʵӳա
Щ˵Ī⣬㿴ףܳɵ㿴ףԭҲܼ򵥣һЩΪʽĽ⣬ȻÿһãСܳҲɵغǾϸ
ԣֻܳ΢пλڹ̶ʵΪܳɰ򵥻ˣԿףֻĲ档
ǰֳ棬ʵǹ۵ַλ˶ѣֵܱģҲô࣬ʵϣܳĻ͹ԶԶֹڴˡ
Ǵң˵ܳԼΪһӰʽ󣬵ˣܳɵӳ̫ڿ̰ˣܳɾʽµĴʡ
ʵνôĴ£ǻʽ½ֶѡ
ܳɼϸһһ
ԼĪʮӺ󣬲Ű֮ǰĻڸһ֬㣬ĥԭеӡ
ĵزܳɻǿȻһ̾ϧˣĿǰҽˮƽ˵ȽʵֲƤʱƤͺƣ
ܳ̾
¬ǻһﺰԲۣ㻹ؽƺ壿
ƣ֫󲿡ļָؽڴŴڣǾ󣬵µƤɳڣ·
˭TMֲƤʱܹҵרŵĺ֯
Ҳδ̫ھˡ
ҽƣôҲûҪ׷ôۡ¬ãԼܳɵ˼άȫͲһ߶ȡ
̨ͷһأĥһ£ȻٰѼһпһֲ󣬻ߵĴֱָܹǾͿˡ
ܳôϸ˷ʱ䣬ʱ䣬ȥһ̨ô
ǵҲǿ
Ȼܳɾٴθߵ⸽һ󸽽кƤȡƤȡһϱƤ˴ڱ档
Ȼٽ˼򵥵ķϺ󣬺ɴǵȲͲܳҪСˡ
еһСʱʱ򣬷
ʱҲķ㣬ܳ¬̨ԷȥˣȨʱų̂ΪΪе̣϶ǲܹǰȥԶġ
ȨȻΪϰ壬ǼȻڵְλ͵Լĸ㶼ˣ̫أҲʡ
Ȼʱ¬ؿܳɼۣ˵ҽоû̫æ̫æĻһҪʱҹͨ
¬ûܳɲ뵽е飬ֻǱܳɵ۸ҲΪȨľ棬ǣ¬ãڵܳɣͲȥּˡ
һʦʦأΪԼĿıǸøϢʱ䡣
¬ΣĻأҾֻżˡܳҡҡͷʵʵ˵
ʵҲۣۣ¬ɵģȻ¬²ֻۡԼһԸҪ㶫Լѡࡣ
¬˵ŵġ
Ǿͺãҽ
֮ǰǾǵҰ̫ˣ˵䲻̫ĻҽǶãҽԺΪ˽΢ڹ̶ʽġ
ϾĿߣҪǣڷ֣Ĵˡ¬ʵʵ
ҪѧĶҪԼͶԷλðڶԣ̬Ҳڵȷźʡ
ܳЦЦЩ⣬˵ʵ¬п̰ӡ¬ҲкĽ䱸ġ
ӸֿĻʿǶܺÿټϾϵƴƣټϵСͬѧҲǸ
ܳһֱûɾ裬ʵڿչֻܼܳва
ڣ¬ܹ˵ⷬܳɶ¬̬Ҳ˺ܴĸĹۣ¬Σʵܶʱ򣬲ֹô룬Ҳôġ
ܳԼħʱ䣬ǸĹôҲûȥʽỹҪԼȡۺʹĥԼ
ȵԼʱ򣬲ܹӴĲ֡
һУһܺõǰڴᡣ
ҽôģǿҰԺ΢Ȼص㣬ڽĲһ飬ӶԪһ㣬Ͳ֪᲻ҽѿչأ
Ͼ֮ǰҲģ̫Ĳ֣ҽΪѡ¬˵ԼĹǡ
ڰһʣԱ˲ԣͶãǴҶϲ飬¬ҲˣԼѶȵĻߣܳˡ
¬Σһ̬Ĳִǿ飬ʲôѣһ˷ܹͬ
صͻǺ£Ϊͻص㣬ͺĲƣҲ൱ʵġ
ǿһ֣̽ٴĲһһεѧϰᡣ
ҲеĿ֮һ
ḻʵٴ֣Ĳˣչʵʽܳһֱ顣
ҽ˵һ֮ǰĽڿǱ˼˰
˵˵ŶͰôãֱǲЩϼһ˰¬ţֿЦ
ܳҲЦûȥ̫ǫʲôġЩȻ¬˳ȥǫ飬ǾԼֽˡ
ûҪң¬ϣܳҲѧ˲٣ʵʱ򣬶ȥ˶¬ְԼڽһЩʱҲҪ̫Ӳա
˵ڳоһЩʵʱ򣬾Ϳ΢ίһ㣬ûҪȫץԭ͹زš
ģǻģζ䰡
ܿ죬һ̨ܳٴ۷һ̨΢ؽתλ¬Լ˿öͷ԰
ֱ¬򶼻𾪺Ȼ֮С
ҽ̨ôˣ¬ܳѾʼˣеģпֲ촦Щܳѹû
š֮ǰ˼ͼʾ񾭻쳣ȻʧԵήʵ񾭵⣬ǰתλ񾭵ӪԻָˣҲָܶ⣬ܹӭж⡣
ȻĽṹû⣬ǾͲҪˣץסҪĵ㣬ãͿˡܳһŷϣһ߸¬˽ţ̨ĺġ
һؼ㣬ΪƷģƵֶΣ֣һ㣬Ҫס
ٴУ˵ǿҲáҲáҲãһеһУΪƶģΪĿģ׷տ֮һҪЧ˼άϣ׷Լ
¬˼ܳ˴ĴָЦ˵ʦܽˣҾãԺøĿˡ
ʦͱˡٴϣڹŴǾһĽ۸ġΪʦ
ܳҲ˵ҽ¬ʦҲ۸ġ
նʱüá
Ȩһ죬˵¬Σҽ̨ˣȥһȽŰĵطԼ



ʮһ Щʲô˰
¬û׵ֻ̨
Ѳػʿæ¬ֻȻ˵¬Σǹεĵ绰
ҽһ¡¬δ⣬ûͷ
Ѳػʿѡ˰ѵ绰ͨ󣬵绰˵һ䣺¬ûкҽһ𰡣
⻰ҶĿƶܳϣɽΪǿƵĴΣҲǹؽƵΣڿҵĵλɶܸߵġ
ΣҺҽһûȫΣʲô𣿡¬ΪɽҪ绰ܳȥæ̨ˡ
Ǳߵжýɽһ¡
¬ʼףʾ⣬˽ֺĲܳȻڰæδ¬̨
һӣ¬رȥȻܿƵҵĺͨˣΣҽβѾ̨ˡ
ɽѹ¬Ǳ߷˵𣿡
㣬Σ˵¬֪ɽ²ߵš
ڸոգʮ֮ǰԺί˸ˡ¬ܲȥҽ˵˵鰡Ҳ²⣬飬ܺҽйϵɽ
¬Ҳ֪ҽԺĹǿƣܹչڵӣԺĴ֧֣ǱزٵذȻԺǸǲٵѹǻҪ߶Ժĺð
¬ԣ㵣ȻΣô£ô֪ⲻܰҽһ춼һ£Ӧúҽûϵɣ
˵꣬¬ƽԹǿƺãΪɽ󣬺ǹǿиë߹ϵ
Ȼɽ˵ģԹǿƺã˶棬⻰ûġ
ɽ͵¬Σ֪£Ӧúҽûֱӹϵǣӵûйϵе˵ˡ
¬Σòãҽϣһ㣬֣Һҽ̸̸
ɽ˵
֮ǰô¬ģĺܣˣƨôǸɾģҪܳ˿˵С
ԣɽǾȥܳ飬ʲô£ҲãҲգԼλñסҪġ
¬ԥһ£˵Σ̫ܲ㰡֮ǰйԼˡ
Ȩֻһе̣¬϶͵ͷͬˣ֮ǰȨŽ¬ɲȥȨùͷ
˭֪ˣʲô飬һε棬ֱӾв⻹ֻһͷҪԼڵλãܱס
¬ҰˣԼһҽвУĺҪɽǿС
ΣҪҰܳҽĵ绰㣬Լ˵ҽþ̨ϣ˽ʲôԼҲ֪֪¬Ρ
ʱɲվӣﶼƫɽǴΡ
ɽڶ棬һŭ𣬵Ҳҷ¬ʲôԣ̽ˣһǲȥܳɵĹȻĻܵܳɵģͻ¬򣬶
Ȼ̽Եشһ绰ȥϴѧҽԺܲܳ棬ԸһܳɣϣܹҽԺݵؾְһʱ䡣
˵úܿʵܳ¡
ƽʱϵܲ˺Ӧǣ˸ˣ淢ʲô˭֪
绰ˣɽͲϤˣ֮ǰһԺһǿҵĴΣ΢һЩġ
һݾǣɽŵĽ
ã¬ҽĵ绰ҰɣԼȥҽ˵ɽΪԼҪ¬ѹ˵¬ȥԼæ
ˣ֮飬֮ɢ
ԺԹǿƵҪԣǰҿ϶ϿɵģѾˣԺͲ˵ˡ
¬ҲͰܳɵĵ绰˹ȥɽǹǿƵΣ֪ܳɵĵ绰ҲܺʣʵҲܹ鵽
ǣ£¬˾κˡ
һҽԺԺܹô׵ؾͱίߣɲʲôѰ飬Ǻ£Żᷢ飬ܳɾȻܹϢô
ŶԣܳҪȫᣬλĵ绰˵ܾ;ܾһĲ
Ȼ¬ҲʮңԼѡʮȷû̫վӵһߣȻڣܺߣһԼˡ
¬ҵʱ򣬾Ϳֻ̨ܳҲ
ܳɼֻ߳ȥ¬ǰѹܳɽ˼䡣
ܳԣĿһͣЩȻؿ¬Ȼ˳ȥι
װ֪Է˭Ƶġ
ҽҽɣҽãǹɽ绰һͷ˿̵Ĺɽֺãɫ
֮ǰܳҪҽҽԺʱ򣬴Ҷܳһʢ˵ԼҪƨɣҪͶȥ˴ơ
֮ܳ󣬹ɽҲûȥӣֱȥ¬ҲҲգҲգҪ񡭡
˭֪ѹͲô¡
Ŷǹΰãܳɡܳɹװܳ
ҽ˼ǰʱ̫æˣ죬ҽԺһȫԺǻȥˣȻĻҿ϶Ҫġʵǣ̫˼ˡ
ôãҶûʱݷ㣬ҵĲԣҽϣҪˣҽԺǿҾɽĻ൱Ư
ܳɾ˵Σˣ¬Ѿдǳˣұ飬Σ϶Ҳˡ
л滰΢ĥһ£˵ѣֻԸԸȥĥ
ҽģôãҶûԽӴ첻֪ҽܲпգǿƼҵΣһһ£ӭһҽĵ
ҽʵӦ³Ҫģʵ̫æǧȥɽֺǺǵܳƵġ
ܳ˵֪ⱾҸʱ鰡ȻܳҲϲһףʼɽôˣܳҲȥ
ǣ곡ϷϷˣҪôľԾӣҪôǣϵΪӵģ㿴׵ˡ
ΣͲ˰ɣʱ䶼ȥôˣǰء
ڴҶæóȻҪչҲΪ鷳ңҲԼ飬ѸպˣҺ֮ǰԼˡ
ǸΡֱܳԼɣѹɽĻסˡ
˵ɽľӣô֮Ҫȥһ棬̸һ̸ѧ̸̸̽һ¶Էˮƽ͸ס
ܳδؾԼرҪɽͱҪһʱԼ֮ˮһʼôһֱ־룬Ҳá
ɽЩɫһݣѹ˰ҽǿЩɣ´پ۰ɡ
ɽ͸ܳɵ˼ҲǱȽϴûмᡣǾܳйأֻܳɲҲҶʲô
һܳɣԷƢŹ֣ڰĹУһɽĻΪ鷳ġ
ɽҲط˼仰ͺʶȤعҶ˵绰
ܳЩ⿴˿ֻûж롣飬һëǮϵûУΪĻܳɻǸȨ˸Ϣ
ȨӣҽҽԺǲǳʲô°ܳ̽
ûаû˵ʲô°ôˣӰ죿ҵȥʡȨܿϢ
ܳһ¥µĸңһ˵ҵûϢŶ˵Ժץˣ˾úйϵ绰Ҿ;֡
ҺԺ˸ӴŰ˳ֻ֮һ棬ôйϵأܳ²š
ȨûлػȷܳһԷĶλܳɺܿؾͳ򻯵ת˰һ£ϻ΢һЩؼҡ
֮ǰǰһ£ʱҲˣٴ绰ʲô
ܳɾȻ˼ңһ߼ĥģ˼·һ߼ӦĻۣһ߼ʵеĽۻԱȣȻһĵ㣬һ±ע
ܲͨеףͨһ꣬⡣
ʱ仹磬ʱͲҪ˷ˡ
ɲൽʮʱȨ绰ʹˣЩֻܳɸ磬԰оӺô󡣡
ʲôûҾ͹˰ءܳɿû̫ʱȨﳶƤ˾ƣôţƶˡ
ˣݽϣҸ˵ܳɸ磬Ժ飬һϵ
ȻǴڱ״̬Լ
Ҹ˵ȫְλ֮ǰƵģʶϴѧҽԺڣҹϵȻϣͨڣϴѧҽԺ׽˵һ
˵ϣһ£㰡ȥֵࡣ
Ȩ˵Ҫ߮лĵ绰ھ߮ӣ֮ǰ߮ħʹûȣ߮ȥʱ˵̫û
ھ͸׽ڻжǴ˵绰ھٽΪ㣬ʡ͸ѧϰͰͽȥˡ
ţߵʡίԱᣬΣҲ൱ӵģûԥ黻ȽԶԺȨܳ˵ţֻ
Ȩô˵ܳϾͳĬ¶йϵôһ㣬
⻹ڼưʱ¬ҪЩʲôˡܳɸпһ£Ҳûд绰ȥ˵˼
ϼһһˣΪܾλƷ˵绰¬ͶԼĶɵڣĪˣҲԼйϵԺҲԼչкô
Ӵòãǣ˵ܳɸ簡ʲôʱ򣬹ϵôǿ˰׽ڡڡΣ
Ժ߹ϵʱҿ϶ֻҪ˵ֵˡȨûε˵š
͵˰ɣ߹ϵҪͨҵ·ӣ֪ԼɶŶûµĻ˰дȥˡܳɲû˵Լ͹˲˵Щ飬Щ顣
ûҪ
ŵģûŵģѾһܳϣ⿴ġ
Ҷϵ绰ȨֻǸܳһСʱʱ䣬Ȼִ绰ˣܳɸ磬ߣȥԷˣ¥ˡ
״磬ǲǲ㣬ʹԼˣ
ܳԣЩذѱʼǱˣȻûˮһ֧оӵһ¥
˳һ̨ܿ񳵣Ȩںôţģ۵ӡ
զû˯ã֮ǰܳϳһλã׿ɳϣһ˻ЩӲĲӡ
⻹ǱƵġ˵˶ۡ
ܳɸ磬ҪҪһ£ʹӦǸ㣬һʦֵıʼ£췳ҡȨȻô˵
ܳɾҡͷǧ°ҲԼԼ㣬ﻹһء
֮ǰܳǾԼûȥ飬ڿ϶ˣʱˣԼиҪҪ
˵ˣǸũʦֵıʼǣδؾжôҾǺܺãȻгȥ顣
ҾðȨӣǲһٰǱʼǣ˵ǶԷǣһ˵ǣʿ
ЩʼǣʵûҪˡܳɿЦš
Ȩһ˵İǣ㽲Ļˣҷǵɡ
Ȩ뵽ֱˣܳɸϽƣĸֱС
ȥϢӣûأȨߣ˵㲻˵ǰɣû˵ǰɣ
Ҹ㽲ǰΪ·ҶٴΣҾͻᱨٴΣҵš
ȨɴعҶ˵绰Ȼ΢΢ƫͷˣľˣ㿴ô
ܳԣüȨӣҪעִɣô˵أҲҰʦ㡣
Ŀҿ϶Ҳΰ¡
ܳɾͷ˷ۣѵû֣Ƕ˼
Ȩ㶣Ȼ˵ɶ˼Ůˣرû˼̡װöԸöԸ
һСٶ漸꣬ɲG̸֮ɶûˣÿ㱨ҵļƻұһת̵ġ
ʲôлת̣ܳ΢㶡
ǺüŮģΪģתĴģٺٺ١ȨЦ
ҪҪѽ
ܳһ䣬˷ۡ
Ͳ˰ɣŮ˻㣬˵ģûǸζˣ㲻
ŮҲˡȨһľı顣
ɧ飬ú㻹ǸƵģֻϻá
ܳɼȨNɪϺġ
Ȩ˲ͬһֻβ͵èȻתͷܳɣ㡣Ҵΰ¡
ţơܳŮѵˣǰȥˡ
ҲǸӡܳɾ˵
Ĺ
ܳҲͣ飬Ͳģ塣

˳ԷĵطȨܳɻȵܿ¬Ҳ͵ˡȨϽȻȥк¬ˡ
Ȩӻ֪һŮӦǹ˾ģֱӰܳԣļŮøˬĸ񻡣
ܳһձĸоŮӦȨ⣬һֱܳ죬˵ҽŶҲ˵֣
ҽܼܲӸѰ
ҽŮ𣿡
ⳡ棬Ȼ¬Լ躵˶Ƿ׷ײĿƺЩĽӣưǿܳɿ϶ɫˡ
ϵ飬˵׼ˡ
˰ϯ䣬¬ֻǷǳظܳɾһƣȻͰѿʱ䣬Ůӡ
ܳһһӦԻ⣬òװ˳ԷȨ˵ȥҽؼҰȥ¬ǡ
õģϰ塣һЦȻЦӯӯؿܳɣǰҪסܳɡ
ܳǸϽһ꣬ȨԱߣƫͷ˵Ȩӣ̫ˡ
ȨҲûܳ³ǷԸ˾ˣ¬ˣһ̨ϡ
Ȩӣô£İɣܳӴʡ
ȨЦЦ˵˵ûòµˣ˵ţԡƺԼòƵġ
Թҵû˻̲סҰëҵζСȨм
ܳˣԲۣȨӣôģ˶ҵעһûסˣ
ǹϲ㰡ܳɸ磬ɽԽϲᴺһȰȨЦúÿһˣֲԿɶ
ܳޱ飺´Σ´γԷʱ򣬱ˣġ
Ȩ˵㿪Цôأ
һˣͱһɡ˾Ҫ¬һ£ٻվڵϣǿ¥ӲԵġ
ܳɸ磬ɱң㲻±˰㵱ɴУʲô˼أҫģ
㰡ΪʲôǻˣϵӶкøУǶԷûٵأ
Ϊڹ׶İ˭TMԸȥһаȨ˵һٸۡ
ܳ˼
ûٶ˵
ܳ³ʱȨͷܳɸ磬벻·һ԰˽
С
ܳûȨҡҡ֡
ȨҲû˵˰ѳˡ
ʱѾ˵һʮˣ˵ʮʮӣǶܳɶԣϴϴ衢ϴͷʱ䣬͹ˡ
˵ʮ׼ʱƵܳɲûк̫ࡣ
ܿ죬Ƶͨǳ˵ţ˷˵ܳɣҺûôѡ
ҽ쵥˺ų̈飬Ȼ°ˡ
ܳɾͻ˵ǰɡ°ˣôϢϡ
ΪҺܽŰҹ˵Ҫ̽һ㣬ҲóҲðʾ㣬һֱ˼빤Ҳ֪û
ע㰡
ܳһ㶣Ȼ˵ԺĹǶԶ㣬Щʲô˰


ʮ °ܣ
ҹ۶˵ˡѾ񾭲ˡƵһͷͷЩƤ
ܳɶˣ˵飬޲İںȱʱ䡣
ܳ㣬Լ̫ˣʵѧֵۡСЩͷܳɺ޲ðʱɺü顣
̫æ˰ԼĽɵ㣬ҪôżæͷʽЩۡ
ܳвģڣ棬̶ܴϣԼͻȻ֣ȫҽгĸַ˴仯֮ǰֻӡ
ڣһЩص⣬Ҳ֮ˡ
Ҫһǣҽгı仯˸빩Ӧı仯ҩõĳҲΪˣǰڵҩ﹩ӦѾǴ١
һ
ΪгĳٹڵҽҵҵԱṹ൱죬ʧҵҲӣңͨ¬˽⵽һʱ䣬еҽԺְ
Ҳǣˣݡ
ܳɲΪһжԼɵģʲôٵԼйϵ
İź͹滮ǹ˲ȥִеģ׵ԴͷȴԼͨģġһ㣬ǾԲġ
鷢ˣѾˣôͻ֮شһЩ⣬Ҫעӵġ
㲻˰ɣ˵꣬ܳûڽЩŵһ
ܳҡҡͷûУ顣
ܳɻ鷳ڵһ
ҲܺýˣѹȨƻҪһͲȨı⡣
ܳɣұ֤ұ֤鲻ٳˡƵֹͣһ㱣Ȼ˫Ȱڵùùؾء
һϴĺƵġ
ܳɼ״ȫػع˵Ҳڹ㣬Ҷ˼һ顣ڵҽԺǰԺΪʲôҪҳеĽɫ
ԼҲڷ˼ҵҪһҽͲȥκΪã˵ҵǰİź͹滮Щ飬Խȥ
΢΢ƫͷǣû
ȻҺܳɵͷ
滺飬ȣ˵ܳɣʵأҲ֪ô㡣
Щɰ档
Ҿðɣÿ˶ԼĶλֻҪԼûǶԵġһҽҲðڹҲҲڴ֧רҵвֿ
󲿷ֵҽûع鱾ֵַȥҽһ飬ˣѧϰҵܡ
϶СֵҽȥеɫСѧҽѧķչȻĻ󲿷ֵҽȥѧأѵҪڼеļͱŲô
Ҿҿ϶Ǹűںѧһˣܳ϶ܹΪǰ濪صһˡʮֵ⣬΢еԱذá
Աİͨİãȴбġ
ܳʵҲʰ𰸣ֻԼġ
еĵط϶ȱһõҽеĵط϶ȱһõҽԭͱʡ
ܳףЦ˵Ҿã㻹ǺܴģȿԳΪǴ󲿷ֵˣˣֿԳΪһСˣֻмˣܹ㡣
Ȼ϶Ƕһ޶Ŀ
ңĲоô
̧̧ͷоãһʦˣ˵Ҫô鷳һٶΪҶûȥϰˡ
Ҳǣ׷ľǿ׼£ΪĶλСûرѺ͸ӵĲˣʱ̣ܶӿתѸĲκòǸ
סԺĻŻһЩȽѲĲˣ̫ܲʺߴں֢ܶʱҪرעġ
Ŭ˵ԼĸܣʵҲڲػش֮ǰܳɸ⣬ĺܳɵġ
ܳԣһЦô˵Ѿһҽʦȫִҵˡ
֪ܳΪԼ˵ԾشĻ棬ѡ˿Կ佱ĽǶȣŮΪ˼УҪ佱
аɡӡ
ǰҾûҪʱʱ̵̿رǫ˵꣬ӡ
סԼС˼֮ǰܳǰǲֹһεرܳŰϰˣҲ˳뷨
ǫԣͲֲ˭ϼ˭¼
ˣһϣҵʱ򷢸㰡²οܳϸȥһĵ
ϵͷ˵ðð
ţеɵصܳɣ֮ǰҷĵҸһģǿ϶дݲԣǾã޸ĺİ汾ܸ׶һ㡣
㷢ҵĶ̫ˡ
㲻Ҫʲô뷨ǽ
ܳһЦָ˵Ƶİʲô뷨İܰǣҵллæЩд˿ģֲǹġ
лл㰡㷢ңٿʱעһ¡
ҾһŮѰæͦѽܳҲǸܶŮӵˡ
˵ʲôʱʲôʱرУҪǿ϶ҪС
ӣ۾汻ܳɵ㵽Ƶģһš
ʵҾһѧݣһڽѧʱİ汾ӺЩӾʺϳ桢;
һһǵıƽ̲ģϰߣͺĺƣЩۣʡʡסĶ̫ˡ
ҲŷֵģԭõĽ̲ģѾ൱ḻˣܹͨ͸ˮƽͨרҵ˶ʿһЩʿҲδܹͨ͸
Ȼͨ͸ָȥͨ׺ϣĶ߼ڹ͡
ܳ˵дƽ̲ĵģٶһҽԺĸڻ߽ڣǹҵĴã˼֮󣬶УųģȻݡ
Լص㣬б߼ҽ͵ȥᣬ˵ĺܶණٴã˱ƵĽ̲ģκν̲ĶôȻȫ棬кܶķϻ档
ȻǱڵ߼ԽǳԣԽ⣬ҾãҵҸʱȥһ鿲ˡ
֪ʶ۵һ֮ٿ飬ܻ벻ջ
ţҲãǰҾѧѧһ£ֱ̫ˣڻعͷȥÿһֶǺҪģȻһЩ֪ʶ㣬ٴˡ
ǣڵļȻΣزȵʱľҩǻΪѡģָ϶ӹá
̽һʱʮʮ
ܳȥ˯ˣܳԼȴû˯⣬ΪֹĻۣѾǳһˡ
ܲãòã˲֪
ô֮ǰȨģģ⣬һ棬ܳʵ룬ҪҪʵУһ˹ԡ
ܳͨ˺һ˼ǣ뵽Ŀԡ
һԼͻᣬñԼѧϰܻӵܣҪôԼȫٴȥרŸѧǳУкܶרƵԺУ
רٴҽѧܲԼһʱ䣬Լȥѧһʱ䣬ٲڵִʦ
أԴɱǿԸġ
ڶʽΪרĻȽϱŸսԺԡ
ǶܹѧúõĻô͸гɾ͸ˡȻĻֶԣ߮㣬ֻ֣ȴúԺ
أ̶ҲܳοҪȥ˵ԼѧƲ̶ƤܺܺҲôҪܳɵ㣬Ĺϵ
ģרû뷨߻Ļ»Ļ࣬Ҳһֳˡ

ܳһ˺üɣȻܽһ飬ϸذԼĹ滮ʹдĵԼλʦ
γԼԪƽڡ
ܳɲ˯ȥ
գ
ϰ˵룬ŽܳҪ°ȥ֮ǰԪƽʹ˵绰Сܣ㷢ҵļѾˣ뷨ܺãҲܹ뷨
ҺҲѾϵˣϲ㰡ͨԼŬͨԼ۽磬ְԼվλһСΡ
ǻҽѧչһҪӽѧ𣬶ÿ˽ѧͬкܴĲ죬룬һתίԱᣬܲǵͬ⣬˵
Ϊܾôÿ϶иԲͬص㣬һӹ̽֡ԶʱĻ⡣
֪ΪʲôҽԺΪʲôǽѧҽԺ𣿡Ԫƽȿ϶ܳɵ뷨˼·Ȼôһ⡣
ܳϸһʦ⣬ȻŸ˴𰸣ѧҽԺĵӱȽϺãңĴҲȽʣҲͨҽԺо
ܹΪѧҽԺѧɵҽԺٶǶҽԺԼѧԼڲиǿȥ˲ţǿĹؼ
һ֣ȫ棬ѧҽԺһ㶼ᷢչ죬ΪеŽѧ񣬽ѧͬҪѧҪ̣߾Ҫȥѧȥ
ΣϵƳ³£ϵطٿ϶ؼġ
ȻԴҲвͬκʱǽ״ģģʵѧһЩطУȻ·š
ҪײʵҲǺܿ϶ģӴѧӦôʱȽϺõѧʼ̣иߵݴʣװ˴ƫȻײҲкô
ǾǸװѿѧӦͲ㼶
ֻǣΣʵڳ̽׶ΣӦöоົʵԼĻһĽѧ񣬶ǽ˹оĻƽ𼶽׶εˣֲרҵ¯࣬ٽһһˡ

Ҷ˹Ԫƽڵĵ绰֮ܳ˼
ѧѰҪȥߵģңԼѧЧѧûʲô׼ģҪ۵ʶȣ
ܲܵõͬ⣬ÿϵͳϵͳ
ܳɾʱûȥˣܾȥŬܾٻһ°ɣ£żǲõġ
Ȼܳɾȥҵ¬
¬ΣҽҪһ٣ܲ鷿ˡܳ¬İ칫ң˵
¬æܳ£ĵʣҽҪæĻҶԳбȽһЩʵذæ
̬ʮ飬ܳݲ衣
ЦܳɸŲ̄ˣ¬ʲôʸָֻܳţܳڵȫڣֻǸӣһ̡
¬Σǣûر飬ҪǳеһҽԺŽΣҹȥСᣬΪ¿⣬һһ¡ܳɹ˵¬Ž׽̬ȡ
ҽҽԺ볣еһҽԺһľϵ
ңܳҲȷ̬ˣŽԼģֻǹȥ۵ģ㣬Ȱڳ
¬ԣһͣϾͻָӦõģҽԺΣڽҽȥ鷿Щ飬ǾͰƽʱͺˡ
ϣ¬ûʲô뷨ġ
Ǿ¬˰ǣǸתλͼ޲Ĳˣ¬ǵýһ£һ֧ߣ󿵸а
֧û֮ǰǲҪ´ģڴϿʼϰܳɾͰԼĲҪעĵ¬ˡ
õģҽϽȥҪҪҸ˿ȥ¬ܿ
ǾûҪˡܳɻء
Ҫ˵Ȼ棬һǳ͵س
ܳɣҳܳɣ
ܳأǿҵܳأбºˣû¶ǰɣ
һ긾Ůǲƣû棬Ҳóķߣһøʡ
⻰ܳɺ¬һ㶡
Ȼ¬Ͻ˵ҽ°ȥʲôʹڰ칫ȲҪȥ
¬ͦеģܳҲǾãԷ̬ȣԼȱܱܷͷȽϺãңͨ⻰ܳɾܲµóԷݣҪôţҪô
¬߳ȥƺͿ˶ԷΣǸʲôϣʲôȥ칫˵𣿡
Ҳȥ칫ңҾҪ˵ôһиλ
¬ΣܳҽҪǼֻ࿴ЩΪеĹ㹱ףƾʲôҼϹץˣ
йϵħģ˲˰ͿԸ߸ϣԲץˣ𣿡гεˣǳ˼ά߼ȴ쳣Ͻ
Ⱦվ˵µƸߵ㡣
ܳأҽأҽͣһеƾʲôƾʲô߸ϣƾʲôϹץˣ
ΰ칫ǰɣ
һţܳɾͿΰ칫ҵţƿˣȻĿɼһĻǳͺܾĸŮվſڡ
ܳɺ󣬾ϳ˽ҽӦþܳ˰ɣҪ㽲
ܳɼ״Ҳվ΢һ°״ӣһװ˼ĴӣҲ˵ģһվͰѶԷŻʿñģθŵˣֹͣڣҪ˵Ķ
¬߽Ҫٽͼ䡣
ܳɱ¬ΣλμȻҪǾɡҲҪҽʲô
ҲƢοͨأ
ܳɵĻԷɾͲˣҽ˵ǼҲΪ˳еİպðǿ뼱ǰɣ
ָ֪Աħģ߸ϣϵӲǣ㲻Ը鲻Ը⣬ƾʲô˰Ϲץأʲô
Щ̰꣬۲ܻߣͷʲôͰץ㲻ԸϼԸͲ˰ܾ˾ˣƾʲôҪȨŪˣ
棬ʿˣſֵĲ˺ͼ
˿ֵ̬һϵߣΧֻۣվøԶһЩ
ܳԣ˵Σǰɣ
Ҳ֪˵ʲô˼ҲǴ˵ģָ˰ʲôץߵ顣ֻ˵£ֻ֪ȴ֪顣
ҾһСҿָɲʲôˡûôֱӾͰԼڵµƸߵ㣬ȥǴˡ
Ҳû˵ԼרΪеİշģֻһҽҽΪԼĲ˸ȥʣʲôʱ򲻿ˣأ
˵ļȷҵְ𷶳֮ڡҹеִҵҽʦ취ҽԺļҽԺָԺӦְԱֵƶȡ
ҲҽҽԺְԱҲûùҽԺһǮκҲòǮ˵Ķ𣿡
ҪҪûзɹ涨£Ҹ˵ԸΪһˣɵĹҼӲӰ࣬һȨİɣ
ҽҽԺΪ׵ҽԺĿҽṹԼӦ϶ǼΪƵģܳɲ뼱ֵ࣬Ӱ쵽ҽԺļת𣿡
ᣬû֮ǰȻճתһתúܺá
ۣ˵ûκӰ죬Ǳ˭ץˣΪʲôץʲô֪ҲʲôûԾܲҵͨ¼ֻϢͨͨѶ˾ȥҵͨðɡ
ģûж֮ǰ˭ֵ˭ΪȨı˽ԩ˭ȥ߷;ȥٱңȥĵطңǵҡ
ҵȻһᣬʱ䲻࣬Ҫ˵Ҳ˵ˣܳ˹ظĳЩ顣
ܳɵĻñֵȺڣǰĿۼǳεϡ
ܳɵĻȴǳһһʱ䲻֪ôӣϣ˵Ҳܣ㽲ЩҶֻ֪ҼΪ㱻ץߵģҪ绰ǰ˸ҷų
ҼΪ˲ıû˽ģΪ㣬ץˣ϶ɵģ㲻˷ųҾͲˡ
ܳ˵ĻȻģ˭Ҳ˵á
ˣҲκγϵĴôҵõ
ǣȻˣûﵽԼĿģǲܾôֵģֻ
㲻߿԰⣬һһҪҵҪˡ
һ˵ǰͷʲôΥ飬ȥңץңҪҵɵĻҲǿԱġܳû๦ø֡
˵꣬ܳɾҪߡ
ȺȻܳɾôˣ˫ſڡ
㲻ߣҸ˵ȺסŰ֣һΰ칫ҵŹˣ¬档
⣬˶ɢˣˣڶԳȺָָ㡣
Χ۵Ⱥ˵Կвɣҽð
ҽڿ˭Ľ˵ľ޵İ
ҶϣҽӰ࣬ӰˣҲܰеĲ˶˰
¬˵Ҷɢ˰ɡɢ˰ɣúûȥϢмסԺģͺúȥԼļ
ʿԼҽҲɢˡ
ΰ칫
Ⱥҽ첻绰Ϲųͱš
ܳɾ˵ƾʲôأƾһǰͶҽе°ܣ
ûôҲûôϵÿȻĻҾͱˡܳϾͳԼĵ绰Ī
Ⱥٴһ䣬ʵҲôô˲СҽǣҼȷΪ㱻ץ˰
Ҳûʲô㲻Ը⣬ͲԸƾʲôҪץأ
ûץˣҲ֪ô£Ҫ֪ȥúһԼϹҪȥᣬҸһʱ䣬㲻ÿҾͱˡܳһ˵ţһߴͷʼƵ¼ܡ
ٴ˵λŮʿÿҪȥҪţҪ죬ÿҾҪˡ
Ⱥʼʼ˫ҾҽˣҸҵҶˣǶæ֪϶ǵ㣬űץġ
ҺòãҼǸˡûл˼ģ
ֱܳӾʹ˱ĵ绰˵Լֱɡ
ȺɫеףվǾãԼôܳɣǸ顣ҲǸˣҲǸҪӵˣĻͲܳˣֱһɣ
ܳȻ˵ѾÿˣˣҽҽԺĹǿƶ칫
ǿԹȡ֤ҲƵм£ҿ԰ƵߵĿΣҪȥеһҽԺ顣
ԣܳɣҿ԰֤ڿ㱨϶Ҫġ

ܳɺܿͳ˿ҽԺ֮󣬾ͿоܳɰһжӺ֮󣬻ûᣬ˸ȥ˳еһҽԺ
Ϊʲôץܳʵ֪ԵɣTMԼмëϵ
ǳȺ˵ûҲδػ绰ȥ˵ǵ°ˡ
ȷȺ˵Ŀûû˽ĵģΪеȺıģϣԼеĽɫģǣץֱӹϵ
ûУ
ԼʥˣһܹӴĲ˾ô㣬Լ۵ˣܳɾã⻹ǹԼһҽɽڡ
£Լд
ԼһˣȻһҽңԼûʽƾɶµؼеָԱǶҪ뼱ԼҪأ
ܳɲԼʲô裬ȻҲϣԼΪһԵʥˣԼúۣΪԼĲ˸Ϊﲡ˸ΪԼҪġ
ܳɺܿ͵˳еһҽԺ
ͬʱڿ
¬ύһϵе֤ݣ֤ȡ֤ҲȽϺȡ
ҲûѳȺߣϾȺǰ˸˵ģǸȺˣȺŮʿ鰡ҽҲˣȥͨ;ȥάȨסˣΥİ
ңȺŮʿ˵ҽʵǺ죬⿴㽲֣ܴ˵ˡȻֻƽʱĹеĸ⡣
ƫȫĿǰԿĲˡп¬ΰε˵ǣ֤ҽķðһǽ鰡㲻Ҫˡ
ûκκô
Ⱥס棬ΪΡ
òףȵ˾춼֮¬½˰칫ȻȰο˵ɩӣ˵ʵԺץĺҽûϵʱںҽȾƣҽ;δϯҲûʲô绰
ܣҪȥһԺԭ򡣡
Ⱥ¬СϱǹεĴӡɩӲ֡
Ⱥ˵¬˵ҼʲôأҽļãҼϣеļﻼܹһҽ˼䣬ôͳأ
¬Σ㣬Ҳֻ˵ǽж˵˼ɣ
ô˵أɩӣʵ
˵طǻƶ״̬Ⱥкܶ࣬һ˼ǮҲˣҵյĽǶһˡ
ҽҽǺܺãûܹļﻼߣǺиǶԼﻼߺãǶҽأܳҲû취еļ˰
ԺûɶĻôԺܿͻؼҵģô֣ûʲôôġִˣ˭á¬
¬Ϊ绰ˣʵĺܡ
ȷô̰ƣҲͼɫƣͼǴҶ֪顣
ԼҪͼҪְܹͨϵȥΪѱˣ㲻Լô
㲻֪ô˵ģҲûϵȻĻҲ
ǣȺ˵Ҳûûܳϰֻ࣬ǾΪ
¬˵ɩӣ뵽һֿ԰ǾǣҽܳеָԱ֮⣬Ҫ
ĻӦòôķӦ
ǣ²ĻôҽӲҪȥ̽ⱳˣһ漰ʲôĻܣǾͲˡ
ʲôܣȺЩʣڵͻȻ侲˺ܶܶࡣ
ǿ˵ðҽƬǣίԱᷢġ


ʮ С
߮磬ΣǴʲô⣿ܳɵ˳еһҽԺ˻棬Ҳ̫죬߮
ʵܳɾã߮ڣŽٰɲأЩ߮綼죬ңҲùȻˡ
ˣһС⡣߮޾ɵģ·ûʲô˼
ʲôʱٴⰡǵøλá߮ãܳһоŸ˼Ҳսԡ
ʹֱӰǰɣܳɶ߮緭˷ۣƣԼȥ⣬ø㣬ҲǾӡ
߮ҡͷǲſϼˣҵô壬ûʱȥдǰ׼ֲǮҸɶ
߮˵ûɶëΪԣȻ츳ҲԸȥҧһڰǮǸɸɾǮҲû취б£Ҳȥ
ǰܳɶ߮Ŀ񣬾˳еôһȦ½ɺȻֱ֣߮ǿ˺ܶණ
дС˵дҪңܳʣࡣ
ܳһ䣬ô˵ˣĿǰڶҽְҵҪҪһҽһҪøãҪһҵС
󲿷ֵҵҪְҵǮǶǺģǵҽУö˶ƶôͿˣĻҽ
ܳɲ֪ǰ߮ǲǾְҵǴ𣬵ǣ߮״̬ܳǺĽġ
ҲǮҰʹصһˣ
ܹ˵Ĵ⣬ԼҲмֵкͻøС
ʵĿǰܳɣҲǴ״̬״̬޷һֱԺһܳʽչ֮Ǹѹ϶ͻᵽ
ϼģ쵼ģʱԼʲôҲǱԺҽ˵ǣǾͲ˰
ļٵģ
дС˵ʵܺǮģС˵һҲǮһۻپܷһθѣǩԼϼˣһǧȫڣֻҪ¸ʮ֣ˡ
С˵ҵתҵʣߴٷ֮ʮţҪô߮۾˵
ܳˣˣʵʵظҽɣҽôãٻҵҺڡ
߮磬ǲǰˣҪһҵģܳ߮磬ϣܹ˽һ£߮ʵ뷨
ȤֻһСģñȽϺáǰŶ߮ҡͷһϳɣֻǾЩήң·˺꾫Ƶġ
Ҿã϶лû˵ܳɿɲţ֮߮ǰԵ޹ʵؾͱӡ
֮ǰһôҽѧˣͻȻʹ̨ˣܸʧܣһԭ򣬵Ҳиεԭ
ֻǵʱܳɲδȥ
ǷҪ˰ǰɣ˼ô߮ͻȻúࡣ
Բ㲻Ը˵ˡܳɸϽϴ߮綼ôˡ
߮˷ֱۣȨеˣȫûһߵģϴˣɶ͡ôҲҽðɣ
֮䣬Ӹ˲Ǹôܵý˵˵˵ˣȷеԿʹܳɸп
Ҫӻİˣ֮䣬ʲôƢҶ֪øӣûҪš
ܳɵĴԭ
аɣЩ¶£ֲ㾭Щʲôòãֱһͷһס
˵ʲôûҽ£Ͱʥ˵ĽǶȥơô飬Ҳá
Ҿöģ
ɽԸҽҲȥһӡڸĸʱ򣬻ܹӵ绰
ȥôġ߮統ʱ˷ƿڴ
ܳԣȷԼЩ֣Ǿ߮ļ򣺡ԲҲЩġ
ܳɱΪԼģѾǹΪѵˣ߮ȴĸӹ֣
ǣʲô취أҽڻĶλ͵λ
һ仰㲻Ǹҽôʲô˲ģҾٱ㣬㡣
ȥԣܻûſڿܾͱֱӻˣ
߮˵˹ؼˣһҵȴرƳ˷ҵΪϲĲԸٶ
ҲãҺҽԺǩĺͬǣҵľǻʣҲüЧҾֻұڵ飬飬˭˭ְҲҹϵ󡣡
Ȳȣȥȥҵһԭ򡣡
ܳԣЦЦ֮ǰĲô࣬Ϊ֮ǰûߵ棬ǣûʲôˣϵڼ򵥵£ôࡣ
绰绰˵Լ˸Ӵõϵô
ȻҲܹȫӣֻ֣߮ǵһãȻĻ͵ÿǺܶණ
ļʱĲȥôܳɷһ
ѧҽʱ򣬴ҿɶǷĵġ
ܳΪʵ۵ƶţܲڸӵУҵһ·ܳҲѿ϶
ǲɻȱһǣ񣬿϶Ҫеġ
Ͼ졣
ҰǣʲôʱܹİߵʱҾͻȫְȻĻҷôšҲԷ
߮ɵؽ꣬һ̾ʵ˲ʱҲѾܾԸмٵʱ򣬾ֱˣÆ¡

߮ܳһܳɵЩӡ
ŽѾˡ
Ȼܳɱʾ˻ӭˣ㱨˿̼滮
ŽҪǣڳеĲԴѡʵĲʽڹؽƵĲˣŻ߱ϥؽڵơ
ܳĹУǺ档
߮磬ҼǵβǴƵôôؽƵĿⰡ
ҪؽƵ˻߮緭˷ֹۣСҲ֪ǲ֮ǰ̸Ӱ쵽߮
ŽˣҲûᡣ
ܳҲͼĬ߮ɧ
̺Žͷ׷˵
ʵ̣֮ǰ˹ܶΣû⣬ķҲû⡣
еĹؽƵĻߣ٣ԸйؽûƵĲ˺ܶ࣬һЩؽڷǻǮֺõ֣ѡСʽȥҲһĽ
ֵܳɵʱܳɾ͵Σ⣬ؽڻ߮磬Ƕ˹϶ûġ
ǣ˽һ°˵СʽǴôأЩʲôأ
Ĵû⣬Сϸڣֵˡ
ԿóŽǺµģңʵҲǿԣлĻܳԸѹؽھӦıšϥؽڼؽڵʽŽȥչ
ľ֧ܴ򼸸ӣ
ܳԼ֧̫ĶΪʱ̫ˣһ̵̯̫׳⣬ǣܹĻѹС˺ܶࡣ
ֻǸѣָһ£һģ˵Ĳǡ
СܰҴľǣؽֲǣ߾ϥؽĵûǽعǽЩŽء
ظҲ൱רҵֻǰЩ⣬ʵ֮ǰٴУ̫ˣЧ϶Уһ㣬һĲˣջӲ̱ؽûĽ֡
ڳʱα꣬޷αġ
ܳɵ˵ͷΣЩʽȽϳ氡ҿ΢ȱһ⣬ֻ˵Ļϣһؽڵı
岢ûٽһأ
˵ţܳɾֿ߮磺˵߮簡ҲڿһѪͨѪ͡׽ѹطĿ⣬ЧܻЩ
߮ԣƤһ̧ܳɣֿʼҰ˰
ҲãΣʵһ֮ԻܳɸҽԺΪ֮ǰܳħʱԹƣһ׷ǳõķ
ǿ԰ؽƵıؽұƸӼ򵥣ҸӰȫЧҲֱ۵ġ
ܳɸ磬ƷҲûóúʲ
ܳ⻰֪߮ûġ
ܳҲûвͬ˼õĶҪųһݼĻߡ
ܳɵͷҡͷ߮磬ķڱƣ϶ûģǣҲȫհᡣ
ϾǵĹؽƣȻĹؽھеڣúùؽھϵͳԸӷһЩ
ǲؽƵĽʵǺܺõһַʽ
Ȼ߮ѾͷôܳɾͿȻȻش󵨰ԼӦʽ˳
ܳһ˵ǶͶ˰
ſʼӣŽ˵ҽܲ㣬ȥ±ʼǱ˼ûεĻԸ㹻ӡ
ͷǸɵŽΣ˿̷ǳʽȸܳɵǸ
ΣͲˣôһ˵ôһһϸ⣬Ǳԭģ壬϶ܹøõġ
߮磬أ£϶Ҫ߮æ
ܹ߮΢ƵˣҪͨӼ򵥣ңǰƵĻ϶Ҫֱ߮ӿˡ
ΰţʦ֡߮ûܾ
ŽģȻĻμӻˡ
߮绹Ȱѳ˵ǰ棺Σ棬ܳɵĿ⣬ҪȥæĻҿܻܳǱߡ
֮ǰѾˣԣѶȲ󡣡
߮˵ţǰѷûʲô˼⼸ָʡԵˡ
Žţ¶Ȼı飬ЩʧصСܣСԭѾгķ˰ⲻ
Ϊ⣬ԼԭģڣҪŲ֮ǰܳɺ߮ĿⷽȻ
ܳԾ˵ΣֻǸʼѡΣһܹ䷢ġ
ֻܳô˵һ䣬Žܴס
Ҫ⣬˼Ƿȥ̽ѰܳҪģûҪеĺöΪУԼеĺö̫ˡ
ԣᣬŽܳɶһ֡
ؽڣһҪشĿ⣬Σߵ·ʵԶܹġ
ܳɿŽʧ֮ɫ˵
𲽣һˣǺĲ֣ΣͿٽ˼˰
¿ͷѣԽѵ֮󣬺ĽչҲǺġ
ŽҲܳ΢ȫദɣֿ⣬ʲô
ҾͣƤĲ˰
Сܣ㲻߰ǿô棬ǷǵúúþһŽϽʼѻתƵȻȾϡ
ŽҲǸþƵˣĺþƣ̶ȴֲͬ
ΣڣݿĹףҲǿ˰ɣô˵ر𣿡ܳɿ˸Ц
Ⱑ߮һֱڻã߮类Լȥ۵ĿˣŽ϶չѣʱ򣬿϶ҪŽƤ̡
ȻƤαøǾȼҶһģͲ̵̲ˣһ飬Ϊ˿˳չ
󣬲̫ɹ߾ˡ
˵ˣȻԷһŽԼĹͷ̬ȷǳϿңͬһգơ
ܳɾ˵Ҽһ㶫ñΪרŲԲȵİ
СʦҲЦˡŽĳƺ΢˱仯
ܳûᣡ

СŽ׼ϣܹ֮ܳǰķǺøģȻյؿչ⣬ǰڵ׼Ѿ׵
ܳӦҲҪϲܷˡ
Ȼܳɰ߮Сһ֮ǰĵ߮һ߮һ˲˫۵ֱˣ
ܳɣֿ㶼ҪȥTMŵĿ˰ֻ߮˫֣΢΢
һѧҽˣûκֿܹջ󣬼߮ڿ˵ԼԲҽԷ
ѧҽѧ˵룡
ȻиҪҪѣҲŶˣƷ϶Խȥ˽ġܳһЦġ


ʮ ¶üܣ
߮ϸذĵһȻֻ
ܳɣҪúù滮һ£ﲻ˵ĵطȥסĵطɡ鷳߮翴ʽû֮ǰĵɵ
ܳɵȻûܾ߮飬߽߮Ž˽һܳ뿪˿ҡ
򳵵߮νסܳɱ΢ЩסվһСſڣܳʣķӰ㡣
еһҽԺλϳ磬ܹһطۿɲˣ޵ġ
ģˣһһ㣬ҪǷࡣ߮ƿʽƴţȻ߽ܳһС԰ֵļ԰滹һСĺɻŻ򺬰š
ҲбôܳΣĻĲ·һľ룬Ƚľ
ѹ߮Щʱ޾ɣķȥط
ˣԼ룬Ҫ˵ôǰˣģһزū֪ô
¥ȥûЬӣһЬȻݸ裬ҵȥҡ߮źȥЬܴ
ܳɲûֱ¥Ǵĳ裬ƫļ磬ɾ󷽡
ſߴЬ߮򿪵ʱܳɾͷ֣Ь棬඼ŮʿЬӣЬеЬ߮糣Ьӣ˫ӡ
ǣ߮磬ôõĵط㳤һ𣿶⣿ܳɱʡ
߮УҹһʱܻزȥɳУһʱ䣬ʵá
ܳɣȥ¥ɣһ¥ûֽʣڶ¥鷿ˣҵȻ¥иרŵĲңŴÿԿԺķ羰߮Ȼһ䣬Ҷû⡣
ܳɼǵã߮粢ûкȲϰߣ뿪˰ҽԺ󣬾ϼ죬úȲȺȾƺá
ף㣬߮ȻִⰲţܳҲ¥ߡ
¥ʱܳɻ߮磬˭ô
һŮ˯ʡ
ܳɴ˿̸Ͻ˽ŲҲǻصԲۣ˰
ܳɣ
ȻԼȻȥվɣҺܳɻиҪģҪĺܾá߮͡
Ŷһѹ˲١
ܳ㬵߮˵Ĳҷ򣬲ߣÿÿĶȻΣȻǵöתת߮ʱĴߣ׶ЩɶæĿһ¡
߮ʱ˫ֶһײߣϴġ
󣬻˵ܳɣҶЩ̫ףһף㽫ðɡһרŸݲˮ
߮ô˵ܳɾûеж߮ʵǺϸİȨֵıƺöˡ
ŮڣҪǸģܳӡ
߮Ҳ˵ĻͲˡ
·ڳ;˻𳵣Ϣһ£ǰһʱȥݸ㿼ȥˡ
ȻԼߣù߮͡
ܳɼ̬߮ȣѹ᲻ʫɣ
һ˿ɲҶŮӡ
ɶأ߮ѲߵȶںúȻȥ鷿ùֽʣıʼǱ
Ȼ߮£ûȥڹ๾ˮˮ߮ͷܳɣƵ⣬ְ
ǹǿƵҽȥȫĽʽṹĻе㻭㣬ܻᱻɣܹҵרŵĽʽҵˡ
ҵרʱȥһѧƵĶԱ˵ɣվסţһϲٵɧ
Կ⣬ʲô뷨ܳҲʽؽ뵽״̬û⡣
ҾãȲ֫ΪʡȻֻھֲڿĿչУҺʵĶģͣҽʵϰϣҲһЩ
Ҳһ£ڳУ֫ÿ»ǲٵġ߮Լ뷨
Ĵ⣬Լصģô˿һɣһƱƶҶ˵
ΪʲôᣬΪʲôˣԼҡ
ֻǿǾֲĽʽṹĻôôԵǻ϶أҪ֪֫ĽʽṹУʵǺܳġܳɵĹ滮ǣ⣬߮ȥ
ѸľȥǸ档
ǵһҪǵͽ⣬ȼ߮϶ʣȻֻأ˾ֲԷ棬ǻҪ취ģ͵飬ãһֶһ㣿
ʽṹΪӽģ鳤ˣΪƵľ屾ˣǻоҲʵ飬ҪһЩʵʬϺȡӦĿ͹֤ݺٽж飬žпŶһЩܳҲԼ뷨
ҾÿԣҪиȥҽԺĹǿƻ߼ƣȥҵ֫Ļߣͬѽص֫оЩѶȿܲС
ҹ۲һ£еĴˣԽص֫壬һľصġٴҽҪϰʽṹ󲿷ֶǲģԵһˣ˵ſԡ߮һ˵ţһֿʼȦ
Ҫ⣬Ǽ򵥵飬Ҫǵ档
ҪĴ⣬Ҫעϸڣࡣ
ܳɺ߮һ̸һСʱȥˡ
ʱźȻƿˣȻ⣬߽һĹ̣Ȼܳɺ߮ǰһ֧ʣһʼǱˮûС
߶ţû
ܳ˵ˣѱʷ£վЦЦ
߮űվôˣǻ˵ء
͵Եģƽʱ־ͻǳԶ㲻ԣܳɻóˣһˮȡôд˵ġʫ߽ȻѹǰһţˮߣˮѾǽǸˮ
ȻһȻſڣҺ˻һ㡢ӵʱǵȻǵݲˮҪȥˡ
ʫֵؾֱ뿪ˣûͣ
߮㶣Щȣһ΢ŽͣǸܳɣ
ҾûãȻٽɡܳɾеڸɣȻһˮˮ»ã棬յ¶ȵúܸܵͣ
ʫҪȥ治һ£ܳһʵ
ãҿɻˡǼð⣬ҿ£ǲ߮ͣȻѻתϡ
Ϊɶ£ΪʲôܳɷʢˮĲ豭
ϸһ£Ǿã᲻øָ֣
߮ҡͷӣֻãЩ㵽һĲκԸԸǰߣͶɼˡڹˣϣ
Ҹϣ飬ƾȤһЩС
๾ࡣ
ˮˮһըˡ
߮磬ǲǲⰡĻҿԽȥȥԼ顣ܳɺض߮署
ԽԽ͸ˣ츳ȴһɢ֮ǰܳǾã߮粻ԸٴΪĸԵʣΪʲôĽᡣ
ڿȫͲӡ
𰡡ôõһͶͰǰﲻð˼߮۾һӡ
ֶˣְҵչкôİ
ܹһ̶ȵع֮ǰĹǡܳ˵
֮ǰ߮ͽϲһЩס԰˳һ˾Ͷ绰ָӲˣȫоƾܸȥļ
죬ûǣ磬뿪߮Ͳת
ҽѧķչ츣ȫ࣬Ҫ˷ҵʱ䣬ڲȫɱˣñӣô
Ҳǣܳɻۣø߮һԭ
߮һ֮ǰħʱ߮æܳɺܶæ٣ʱ򣬼ûۣȫȥ˲Ľ͹ͨ
߮ɫأŵ˵ͷˣҪʵմմ⣬Ҳ̫þֻܾǺ£ȥǸȦӡ
ʲôȦӣֱܳʡ
ȦǸȦ֮⣬һҽǸȦ֮ڣǾͲˡҪ֪ڹŴִҽλǲߵġ
ܳ˲Ŀһ˵⣬ûѡ񲻽ȥȨô
̸Ȩ˺̸ȨǻᱻżʱʱͶȽѿˡˣ˵Щ˰ɡǼ⡣
ЩЩӿɰʵڡ߮㵽ֹ롣
ܳЩɬMDڹŴɱҽĻʵۣʤ
ڣȻ˵ɱȨô£ǡ
߮ΪԼûôģ棬ܳɿɲֹһεܹ谭ǻںʱɼ
߮ǸȦӣ΢е̫߶ˣܳһʱ仹Ӵ߮Ӵ
лôܳɼʡ
аλʦô˭ұʲô
߮ǹĴ󻷾Ҫõö࣬СĻǾ͵ÿˡ
˵ˣ磬Ǻúõ˵ǵĿⲻô
ܳҲûȥ²һ䣺ⲻô
ʵҺܺ棬ܲܽһ£˵ǸȦӣʲôǲҲһЩֵҲοһ£ܱף
Ҫ㲻Ҫˡ߮ҡͷ
ôӴʦں涥ţ¸ƨͺˡ߮緭˷ۡ
ܳ׷ʣȥҸʦ£
ܳɾã߮Ҫȥʿ󣬿϶ǻкܶ˶ӭġ
߮˵ٶʦҲǸӵġûҪ
ֲ߮˵ܳҲûټ׷ȥˡ
ٴܳ뵽һ£ǰû˼Ǿǣ̶ǰ˵ǶɱҽԺڵ绰ͽˣҪ̨߮ĻǾǷġ
⻰ʵǺнͷİ
߮磬Ҫʱ򣬿²һ£ʵҾãҵľãΪѣںܶ෽棬ܹġܳɲ֪ôȥοôһ
²۵黹ٰң²ۣȥȨǸܻѰӡ߮ЦЦ

۵ؽϵ̫ܳɺ߮һ죬û꣬Լʱپһ£ĥһ¾̡
߮Ͱܳ͵ſڣȻ˵ܳɸ磬пյĻȥ濴дС˵Ͳˡ
ãܳɰ֣ȥɣϢ⣬Ǻ˼ģпգԶ໨ʱ䣬ˡ
ܳһе߮Ц͡
ȵܳʧʱ߮űűʼǱΪܵغ˸裺ǴһգǹӰվ衭
黹Ǻ̵ġ
ܳɴ򳵻ص˼ңø밲ʱ㡣
ƵŽͨܳɵĵ绰ˣ²۽һİԹԵر졣
ȨӣҽӸ绰
ܳɽ󣬱ѵ绰ͨˣȨӣɶأ
˯šģֱЩ绰˵£ҵ绰ࡣ
һˣԺλǱסˡ
ڶҽҽԺһԺԺƵ飬ҲᷢˡȨ˵ֵ꣬û飬ȹˣ
ȨӣԺô£ܳɺܺ档
飬ֻ̰ûͼһЩС۵㣬ֵһᣬñԺϣƲôùȨΡ
ܳԣһݡ
̰̰Ȩ£̰ҲҪ̰ı⣬ΪԼҲΪıȽϴɡ
ðɣû飬Ǿ͹˰գһԷ¡ҪܳԼ
ڼ鷳ʱ䣬ȥ鲻𣿡
ܳɸ磬Ҹ˵кöĳӣɩӲڡȨܲסԼĿˡ
ܳҶ˵绰ǻˣȨѾ˵ˡ
ܳæ밲СʱŰ¸ǿѹȥȻ󣬰˵ԼȥĤȰٻʱѾǾŵˡ
ƺҲûٺܳɷһЩ߰飬ڻ󣬺ػܳһ䣺ܳɣˣǲǶúܼį
ģƺҪʲôشƵġ
ܳɵĲ׽ǸϽ˫ֵԩҼÿ춼㿪Ƶпȥȥ氡
Ҳ˼ϸãеߺܵͣίЩߡ
ܳɲҲܹ˼ܳɾɶʽԺ϶൱ź
𣬱˼룬Ҿ͸㽲ˣ㱻Щ۶ˡ
Ҹ㽲ҽ죬߮ʫˡܳΣֻǰ߮ˡ
̧ͷɫ˵ţ֪ʫҽˡҲǽյĳС
ŶǿˡܳɻԺЦоԼɵһ
˰þãھŵʮʱ򣬰ܳɷӣ㲻˵Ҫ˯ŹϿһ£Ǽÿ
ܳɿӣϸضһ£˵Ҿõһɣܸɾ
ڶײҲܿɰôҡͷǾᡣ
ҾõһÿһɡõڶÿҾڶɣⲻýܳɼ붮ػء
۾Ц㴩Ҫ
ܳɵתһȦҲѣ
㶣˻˼Ȼƴܳһ£ᣬ㻹˵еĲį
ҡܳɶʱˣҿôƻȥأ
ҪƽʱԻ·߼ôǿĻǰɼӦüòŶ԰
ҾǿЦȥôؾ˰ȥڶˡܳɾãԼǳѪɣһ˯£ҲͰǮ


ʮ Ǹˣ
˭ؾˣǲЩ˷ˣܳһۣЩܳɵ°ܼŮӡ
ʲô˷ѵģҪϴģô˵˰µˡ½ºõħĵַǼǵģðͬ⡣
ֱŶһȻϽѻƿȻȥƵܱˣܳɣ֮ǰ˵Ҫȥеʦ飬ô˰
ھҪʼʦ˰һ㶼ֻκ͸ڣĴŶЩĽ˵
ڣĿǰԽԽӱƽƵĽѧ϶ǿĽΣڿΣʸȥν̡ȻǱȽϺõıԺУ
ʸΪ˶ʿʿоʦĽڣδʸȥϿΡ
ˣ
ֲͬһָҾԡҲ֪ѧҪʼ֮󣬲ܹ֮ǰҵ磬ƽӴ֮󣬲۵ĳΣԡ
ֻǺܿϧ츳̫ˣڳд˲һʱ䣬ֻسȥܳЩп֮Ի뷨Ҫڷơ
ĿǰûӦʡ
ţڸִҵֻҪԼоϣҪʦһǴѧʦĻƿȽ϶࣬ҲһЩ̰ɣȲ
ŶˣǸ۵Ŀ⣬һύ߮ص൱ۻӦò֪֡ܳ߮ĸйƺãԾǰ
νص˵ͷõİӦðһЩ뷨ֳȥԼʡʡǣܳɡ
ôôҪһ⣬͸߮磬ðҲȻ֪ԽǻĶԽԶҡǻĶԽҪ
ǿԳŵġ
ߵĽ䷢ĳĳƷʽĿߣ䷢оĿԱ
ʲô᲻õģҺ߮ĿǰһŶˣÿ⣬һôó
ԤƣҪؿչŶڶʮˡܳɻص
ʱûòõģ϶Ҫܶ˵Ĳ룬˳ӣ˳ֻǳӵˣѣˣȽϼ򵥶ѡ
һ
˾ܹɵĿ⣬ǻ򣬱˵ѧȣĻɶԼӰһûʲôġ
شӰģһܹܺɵġ
´Ҫúõһ١룬ʼȴԼĹȶ˵
ܳԣ˵ͳԷ⵹ν߮ҽһʼϣĿϹ񲢲ϲЩɵ˵
⣬Ƣˣ߮ռԼе츳ɥ־
úϧԼ츳ȴȥдʲôС˵ˣΪѣҹ۵ѣһӶнߡ
ܳ˵þ߮İ
ܳҲͬ߮Ĺ˼͹ǣܳΪǾнͲοģǶǶԷˣǶ޷ȫվڶԷĽǶȡ
ҽǾ޷վڲ˵ĽǶȣǲ˵ʱҲû취ȫվҽĽǶȣһ̶ȵ֪ϰɵġ
Ҫ粵ܳ˰ĻûҪȥ˽߮磬ҾҲûбҪôĶ⡣
δ˿࣬ĪȰơ
߮ĸĸʱ绰Ҫȥ
ԣ齩סȻƽ
ΪҽȥԴΪӣΪĸТ֮顣Ϊ˼ϣܹҵõҽԼ˻øõҽҲû
ÿ˶Լѡѡ޶ԴְֻҵԲһ
ܳûͰ붼ۣǸⱣŵ飬ΪվλͬǱһˣȻãǺġ
ܳɽ˵߮ô𣿻˷Ҫ
߮ܳɵ˵ͷա
Ǹ˶ģĥˣҪܳɡ
Ŷһ֣Ȼְ
˵㣬Ǳܳɽȥ˯ˣ㹻˯ߣÿ˶൱Ҫ
ܳҲ˴ϣû˯˼һε⡣
ˣҽһҪǾǣ²ܽߣΪҽ
仰ԭǡ
ѧţʶͨˣŲɣĲߣ֯ȡʳϲҽǶҽߵҪ
ТšܡǶԹŴ˵ĻҪأ

ĵţࡣ඼ǰŵĹܳɿ飬Ҳ࣬Эָ㣬Ҫʱְæ
һܳɲδսȽϸӵĲˣԣ첢ûרߡ
е֮ܳ
¬ΣȴǺסܳɣҽ˰ʵû̫飬һص
¬Ҳ֪ܳĲʵ٣һһܳ˩סˡ
¬Σ⻰ˣڿû£žΡôЩãȻĻҶ֪ɶˡܳʵʵ˵
ܳҽҽԺܲˣдӼֻҪ鷿ȻżСɶģʵǳ⡣Ѿϼҽʦˡ
ȥ˴͵ҽԺܳɲĴ
ҽ˵ЦˣȥЩС£ǴСôңڵ㲻Աߣǿɲ˽
ģҽм£Ҫ㽲һ¡֪ҽǷ񷽱㣿¬ðܳƵġ
ܳɸæ˵˵¬Ρ
һҽȥǸߵļţɣҷŰ칫ˣǼһ⣬ҽҲ˵ˣҾˣøȥһˡ¬
Ŷлл£ܳɶˣЩж
ڶ¾ǣҽ֫֫оѾָˣǲ鷿ʱҲˣأ˼ʱϰ࣬㻤үүв㣬ԣʱ򡣡
ĸרŸҴ˸绰ϣҽܹ°ǰٳȥһۣĸĸרٹ𣿡¬ϵؿܳɡ
һΣѧˣûȴӦܳɵȻԻش
ЦΪˣҪ˵ϵ۵㣬ΪԺʱȻ߶˹ϵ棬̰ƲҲɫ֮̾ģѹ¡
ǼȻ鵽⣬ôԺλã϶ͱסˣڶȥίԱʡ
ԼɾֻǺܺѡ
¬ΣҽпյģʱҪеĻҶǰ˵ģûҶǻڳеġܳɻء
֮ǰܳżܹӵĵ绰ûȥҲһ죬ڣܳһȻĴƵģ¶š
ֲ֫Լģ񾭹ָܻܳԤ֮УҪﵽ򷽳ԼҪϻָǵȥɣĿǰϵͳϺͿɡ
˻ָܳɵøҩˣҪǸ㻤һЩָ󲿷ֵʱ䣬ĥ¡
Ϊ֪Ŀַڶʮ֣ãҪѡһʵģʺͨѧġ
¬ϽһЦ֪ܳǸӲˣȻ˵£ǿ˰λΣϣҽܹٸһڿΡ
ͿҽʲôʱʣĻԸһѧ㶫
ߣòãҽȫ˵гһЩ⣬ҽ㲻ϿΣĹ򣬴һҲá¬ʼ˵¡
֮ǰܳԼҪչСΣΣҽҪģȥͺȫ׿ͯѰһ£ԲʴʽԼռѧϰеȨ
Եģ¬Ρ㰲ʱͺãпյġܳԣɫһϲ˵
ŸտʼĥϿε飬ȥרϿǰڿ飬Ȼò飬ֻ¬ΪԼˣռǵϢʱ䡣
¬ܳвӦĵ
¬˵꣬ܳɶ˶ǻԼ·ʼߣȻ¬˵ҽȻеļ£ȫǱߣһȽϸӵĲˣϣ鷿ܹ֮ȥһۡ
ȫֱȥһ˵ģǰ
ʲôϰܳʡ
ȾΧĸȾ˴ҿˣӹɹǴת£׹ؽϣӴŧǻ϶ǣûйʵƻͺ֡¬
¬ôһ˵ܳҲȤ
ôΧĸȾûйףûйƻȾȷеΰ
¬ΣȫȥûеĻǽȥ£ܳʡ
ȫ׿ΰʵкܶСҽԺҽԺģǲ鷿󣬺ܶʱȥЩط
ǿ̫ܲ㣬ȫýȥ˰ء¬˵꣬ȫҪ֪ҽԸȥƾͲȥˡ
ܳæ˵ǲģ¬ΣȫԼճ̰ţؼġ
ȫ׿֣ҲҽʦԼԼգԼĲˡҪͬʱյĻܳɻᾡ϶Է
˵ţЬŽ˿ȻԼЬӣߵĵݿڣһߵţ¬һʣҽ˵ȣŻ̶ֳָܹȰ
˵ֹ۵ľ档
ܳˣüͷһ壬⻰ʵӦǲ˺ͼʣΪǿƵҽ¬УȻܳҲ¬ѹ
ڳеȨĿǰĵλǼߵġ
ҪҲ֪ǰʲôѧģѧ赸ģôְҵľûˡճĻⲻ󡣡
¬Σ⻰˽˵˵ͺ˰ΪҲֲֶ֪֫죬ĿǰԣҵڵܻõġܳɸϽ
Ҹ˵ĻǧȥŪ鰡һʲô⣬鷳Ҳ°
Ǳ֫֫ˣֲ֫飬һɧζǵʥˣͲˡ
ֱ³ԷԱһȫ⣬ҽߵԴԭ
ӲΣǽ֮£
ȻҽһǶġ
ҽ˵ʵﰡǰ㿴ʦģֻýУôϣҲûм֡¬Ͻɫ̬ؾصġ
ܳЦЦ¬Σˡ
ʦãѹǼġ˵ˣ¬пôʵôҲδذ
ĻʿŶѵһֱֵôߣ£ڶûߣЦⲻá
֮ĲУ֮Ĳޡ
˾ͱ죬滹вˣں¬к¬ǸϽǽܣܳɣǹǿƵָԱΪġ
ָϽܳɴкһһҽһһʦ硣ܳҲӦˣֻԸԸ⣬Ҳûʲôѵġ
˵ݣ˾ȵ¬İ칫ңţɻǰܳɵԤ룬Լһ޻ȥһڿңֵҽֵ໤ʿȻܹܶ࣬Ըһڣ¶մ
˲ٰѷɨĺ˴ţ˳ϸر۲һ¬͸пҽֱ󰡣񾭵򣬿ͺû֮ǰһİѹַָܻ
һǻвģ¬ΣδϵˮźŻٺܶࡣң¬Σ棬ǻԿ߽ģ㣬Ƕϵ㡣
ûмµʱ䣬ǻܳ£ڹֻвֵάӴԲһĸоܳһ˵ȶڵȱݣһָ¬չʾԼǿƬ
ȻиǿģܹܳļάǻָˣӦڵĸоŵԿ
е̫ΪˣҲ̫˼ˣܳɲҪͨ¬򡣶ۣһĽڣƶ㲻ֻ̫ĶҽܹӴ
¬ЦЦ˵ҽǿ϶ڵģܹѾǾΪˣҴ󵨹ưʡûɣ
ܳҲЦЦƬ˴ϣܹʾ΢۽ṹֻǷܹ׽õ
ȻⲻָӡЩƬӣҪȫ׵ģԭƬӡģǼйģ˺ܶӰҽôҪϢͲ档
ʵϣ˴ϿԶȡĶǳࡣ
Ƭ棬ѵģڹ⣬ǷñȹڿǸ˲֪ٱһXߵƬ͸հ˰ٵһǧ
ڹڿ϶ͨõģոXߣ44󣬶˺㳳죬˷˼ҵǮƬҪմǧǵúƴɡ
Ǵ󻷾û취ҲǺܶҽѧһ˹ܹڹ⣬֮һ
ӣʮӺ
¬򶼿˯ˣ㵣ܳɵڿʲô񾭵ĶԺϺãô
²ۣϣ¬ЦҴܳɵƬ
ܳأȻƬģ࿴ʮ֮󣬲г˿һξ룬ܸ¬ӣ¬ҪҪٿһ飿
¬ҡͷ֣Цˣˣ
֪ܳô˵϶ǿ˶һֱܳڿģȴûóʲôΣˡ
Ȼܳɾͺ¬ˣһεص˷Ĳ
ڵɫ΢ָЩ˺֮ɫܳڽȥʱ򣬷ڸ鴥
˷ܵغиоиоˡ衣
ܳǰţǷŵģ¬ܳɺϽдҽ¬Ρ
Һҽһ죬ٸĥһĥƷ¬˵Ŀܳϣ˼ǣ飬סרҵ飬ÿܳɡ
ܳҲͶһЦȻӹ˴ԣٵ뿪ҰѱûǵرãܳɰѱȻʣʹĸоǿˣӦòʹ˰ɣ
ʹǺ飬һִľ֮ǰҪ٣˫Ŀضܳɣ۾գգͣ΢е㺦ˡ
ڴ֮ǰ˼ܳɵֵһԼĸúҽԭô˧
ûжٵʹҿ԰ֹʹҩͣ˰ػüͻȻͣ𷴵Ҳˡ
죬һҪ鰡һ£˵УҪŻܳɶԷ
ͷ߹ķǶ˵ҽ
Ȼ֪ĻָжѣУûһ˸ҽ֣󣬶ܳôеǾףҽҽ֮Ĳ࣬ʱǾ޴ġ
ʮ֮ܳɷֱԷ˫֫Ķദ˼⣬ͷ֣Ŀ֮ǰں˴ϿĻҪãĿǰĸо򣬻϶崦
ԤҪöࡣܳȻ˵ӽ쿪ʼҪʼڷҩˣһЩάٳӵĻҪʼڷҩһʼãûжЧڹƸոպá
ⰡԺ󿵸ʱҪעЩ
ܳ˵ò٣Ƿȴú棬ѣΪЩ㻤൱רҵģҲѾСˡ
һܳһЩ൱רҵ⣬ܳɾΪ졣
Ȼ󷽳˵ǰ㻤ǸʦǺ֣㻤ȿʦö࣬תˡ
ܳû˵ǵ˵ͷ¬һƷʵܳɸ¬תҩĸģ¬򲻸
ڲ鷿󣬷ٴαܳɳԷ飬ܳûֱӾֻܾ˵гԷ飬ȷ쿵֮ٽɣʱһһ³Ը㷹
ǲ˼ΥģʵڱǸ
ǵģҽԽѣҲԳԷͲ˼һԷģˣ˵֪˲ܸ棬ܳҲ鷳
̣
ܳ뿪֮󣬷۾Լĸף֣ҽǲǺ
ͷǵȻǰѧҽ㲻ѧҽҽƽʵ൱ҵĶԱˣƽʱ˵Ǹһ𣬿ܻҪǿ
ѧġ
Ŷ˼ص˵ͷеɬ
һۣο˵ȱģȺúϢɡ
Ȼ󣬷ͺĬ߳˲˵㷢û֣쿴ҽĿ⣬е㲻һ
ô࣬СҰҽ϶Ͳ̸ġרҵϣ顣ǶһЩġ
šҲû˵ʲô

ҽҸոտı飬ǲǷĻָԤûҪã¬Ĺ۲֪ҽѧϱȷļ˿Ҫǿö࣬Ϊ
ܳɿ¬ȷǵģ¬Σ뷢һƪcaseĻǸܺõĸҿϵġ
ܳΪ¬˵
¬ϽҡͷҽǿɲҷҪҲͷһ𷢲СҰֻڣʯͷ˵ء
Ĺϵһ㣬µʱС鷳ҽƾװ
黢ǾҲȨģ˽Ӵҽƹϵúÿ϶壬òã൱鷳
¬֪ģͲںüˣȥʣҪ˶רҵҽѧǶѴǾԲܵġ
ҲʲôǱ˾Ҫ㣬߰
ܳû¬Ļ⣬һת¬Σǿдһcase reportȻˣǻǿԺʹ˵ôһµġ
⣬¬ΣʱҪٽһɣͲ֪᲻ᵢǵʱ䡣
вڣͺ壬Ҳܹ⣬ҲȤ
У϶а¬Դϲ
ʲôֲ֮֫֫ȵĶֲ֫ѶˣܳԸ⽲㲻ȫѧᣬѧһЩԺƵʱ򣬾ܹᡣ
֫ΪʲôڣǾȲˡ
ܹȻ˾Ȳ֫ţưǿ͹۵İ
ҽҪ׼һЩʲôҺСȥ׼һ¡¬ϽֺƵ˵
֮ǰܳɴ̹һνѧ鷿˵ܳе㲻⣬ǶԼȲ˽̵׼ûѧ׼ǲǸ߼ۻô
ɶأ
һ̣ѧҲ϶һḶ́ıѧǸѧȥġ
ҲҪ׼ɣǿԷһЩص׾ͺˣΪʱȽϴæҿ׼ĿμЩֲڣܳ˵
Ȼܳɾ;ܾ¬ĳԷ룬ȥȨˡ
ûȾƣϻҪμȾơ
ܳɱȨԸģȨڳԷʱͻȻ˵ܳɣ˵ҪҰѳеһҽԺΣչǹ˾ɣ
Ҫɶ˸ɵĺúõġܳɹüëʡ
ҲǸɶ˵ɣΣһؽƵ˶ʿһƵĲʿ㴴ˣֱ˹
н죬ȥģ־Ҿ룬ǸɱУǹ˾ҿнⰡȨЩٵ
ܳɾ˵ǧôԼԸĻԼѡ;֣Ǿǳ֮ΣǸҽǲԼıУһҽġ
ڱеĸ߶ҽ˲žͲ㻹ˡ
˲ŵ˷ѰȨԼ뷨
ֻҪǳڱҪ״̬ĲԼóֵģҲͲǹȵ˷ˡ
úóԷ°ǧģȻһԺ˼Һˣͳ˶ˣûҪܳȰ
ǲ˷ѣܳҲ˷Ѱأһʵ
ͺñڲҲǴ״̬ôĸµĻԼܶǿƵҲֻһ֡
һ˵ҪҪһ㹻Ŭƴˣ
аɣһǾãǸ˲ţڴƣλô󡣡Ȩꡣ
ڳԺ̽ЩеûġȨӣãһʱ䣬ҪһûרĿ⣬ҪһǮͶһ²ܳʣȨûԸȥһǸ⡣
ʲô⣿٣Ȩᡣ
е֮࣬ǰ΢۵ĻҪ࣬ҪҲģңҲġܳѹɫ˵
Ĳ˵òŵȫ緶Χ˺䶯֮󣬹ҵĿвǷǳģΪҽѧۺϹ顣
Ȩ˲䣬ȤԤ㣬Ҫ٣
ҪǧӡܳЩ顣
ɲСǮ˰
ǣҪչѱҪ࣬ҳֺãʲôרڣǣظЧ棬ȴǼǧǧڶܱȵϵģ
ܳɿֱȥҹ˲ǮأܳɻϣᣬԼֵڹ˾һ¡
С˼û⣬ʱҪʱֱ˵ǹ˾ҲпвÿǵԤʱһڡʱʱӣȨȫν
һ΢۵оרֵǧϣǳԵģʲôʱû˹ۣûг
ֻҪ˻ţ۾ͻһֱڣΪָԭ򣬾ˣ
ţõġлл㰡ȨӡܳɶȨл
ˣôȨЩ˼ڰˣԼеľǼǮȻǮȴá
ȨӣҪ֪оʽѵģܲܳɹҲδأܾʹˮƯˣܳ˵
ҪȹܳȥҪǮǿ϶ҪһʱģûȨڵĻ֮ܳǰĿڶûʽʼأ
ǵҲǣûϵǮãҪһǮͱǽ죬͵е˷ˡ
ܳɸ磬Ҹ㽲ڶԸǺܽڼģǰǹ˾ְͨԱԼĹʣȥᣬӦߵĴ·ߣʹ˾
ڴ֮⣬еǮҶõʡţǹ˾£ҳһٷҿ۶ʮҴһγҲͿ۶ʮ
ԼԷԼ򵥵Ļ͵㡣Ȩ˵
TMеáܳԣЦá
ֵܣζ᲻Ȩһν·һˡ
ܳɷ˷ۣһ᲻ԼˣˣûдûνıҪʲôȫԼĲƸҾֻܸɵۡ
ëߡ
Ȩԣһ㶣ܳɸ磬ǳҪҪ


ʮ ֢
ܳ᲻ȨĿ֣Ȩ϶Ҳû취ᵽܳɵĿա
֮ܳȻ˼ʽṹӦۣܿҪʼʽĿоˣü
ңܳɻ֮ǰĵ棬ҵ˼ؽڡϥؽڼŹؽڵĹؽھؽӦãŽΡ
Ȼ棬ܳɻƵӦҲ˽ȥӦá
ѾԳ죬ȻûٴչЧģѾǰӦ·ڿϣǺоԼͽġ
£ܳҲڿǣۺϺú󣬾ͷŽ
Ȼܳɾͼۣһ£ãȴҪڱȽϾġ
⣬һ߿⣬ܳɲʱ䣬ɣѾǺܿˣҪǿʱľչ
ǿ壬ֻǴӹǿƵĽǶȳൽһ꣬ӦòͿԽ⣬Ȼͳݷˡ
ܳԼչĵһ⣬ԼＯʽԼѿأ֮ǰˡ
ʱܽ˰˵ʮַϢ
ܳҲͿʼͰ졣
ʮʮ˯ȥ֮ܳɱֿʼԼģ֮·
ֻǰģ棬Ȩƣܳ滵ˣҲûܹܸߵľ磬ܳҲֻܸп֪ԼĽѧ۵أȨҽѧϵ츳ʵޡ
Ҳᣬ˯ȥ˵
գ
һ壬ȥգ챾Ǻеġ
¬ξ˵ˣȫ׿һܸӵĲҪһһ£ҪϣܹܳܳҲûߡ
챾ȫ׿εգһ壬¶ȫ׿ֵģֻͯһա
鶼귿¬ͯѰûߣ˿ۡ
ܴҽһ㱨˾Ͷüͷ
2ŧԹؽ׵Ĳˣ֮ǰڵؼҽԺһιɹǾ۵ĿĶڹ̶˸Ⱦ
Ժ崴ǰǶ;ĸȾѪѹ΢򲡡ǰѪˮƽƽϺãڶ죬Ѫˮƽ13.2mmol/L
رͺѪˮƽߵһ17.2mmol/Lˡ
Ŀǰ˿ڵǿʲôŧĺۼҺϸеңÿϸ̫һȻеĿҲһЩһ¡
ԵǰĿǴ֮ǰͷ߻ĳ֣õǶճءǰȡϸʾĿǰеĿ棬ճһ㣬ùС
ҩƵĻдͣöճأùأɳǣҪڷƽҲûп˾ֵҽûҲ֪ʱҪҪܴҽһ߽ţһ˵ԼԻĿ
ȻҲֵҽѲܴҽȴᣬÿҩҲû
ֻǣܴҽлŷ˵գȫ׿־Ϳʼյƽڽ˸˾ϾĿƣڷƽڹؽڸȾʱ򣬺ЧġΪ˿ˣǹ׿ء
ȫ׿ֹҲǼлȥҩƵĸҽʦĻˣԲǰһ£Ҫ̫ࡣ
л̹ԹԵı죬ʵʵֽдӦҽȻҪִС
֪ʶȷǲ֪
ȫ׿ֽʣҽ¬ΣͯΣǶˣʲô
¬ԣ˵ĿǰȾķͰҩƵĻİɡŧԹؽ׵Ĳˣ˶ԵĻôùصЧǱȽϲġ
ڵܼȻͨĻٹ۲켸졣ﻹܹϸĻܻһ崴ڵľֶ䣬δؾĸȾ
ȫ׿־˵ĿǰĻ˵ܴ˵ҽԺ϶ûġװ˼˷ôʱǮʵأѾǾˣ˵ס
ȾƵһɻ䡣
¬ʣȫ׿֣Ҹո˵ˣԺģĲˣôνİ
ô֮ǰҽԺɳأ
гҽԺȾ֮תڸ˲ƨɰ¬Щˡ
ǵؼҽԺô鷳ĲˣôԼȥˣ鷳㲻ãóԹ˾
ؼǲ˻⣬ΪǮβòֻ㣬ڳֺ͡
ȫ׿ֻû˵л͵ˣǻʿսģҲ֪ʲôֵʱͨƽԺ
ղˣһ£յģȻܴҽӹܣԣлȰԼθѵˡ
ȫ׿ֳһ£ɨлһۣ˵¬Σˣǻʿĵ绰һʼҲʿǴġΪ
ԾʱҹˣӦ֪İȫ׿ֵЩζ
¬ɫһ䣬Աŵܳһۣܳɵıޱ仯ӣ۵Ĺؼ˺ôƣҪҪתϼҽԺ飬۰ɡ
ȫ׿ַ¬˸ûȤƫһͷȻɫ˹
ͯΣأ¬ʡ
ͯѰҽʦǱȽģĿǰֺͣǺǵЦ˵ҾãֲˣҪ崴ΣҵеĿأźöۡȻĻƾԵĿȾƣû취ġ
ø㡣鷳ͯѰͣҡͷ˵Ҳ൱û˵
ʵȾ˵򵥣ϸȾҪ鷳úܡΪҽԺϹ㣬Ӵһеˡͻᷢ֡
ƵµĸȾĲˣ˶ҡͷ
βãֻһ仰õҩƷͲǺõƷˣúܣȫ˶Ҫȫҽƴҵ߶Ǻߣʥ˼ȫֻҪˣѲĹϵ
¬תͷʣҽˣô
崴ɡĿǰͨȴʲôǸȾȴ޷ƣΪпڵĳϴûеȾеĵط崴ȻУϸ
ȡܹҵȾ
ΧĸȾӹɹǴת£׹ؽϣӴŧǻ϶ǣûйʵƻһߵѪˮƽҲڲԣ£Ҫ׵崴ãȻĻչȥܿн֫ķա
ȫΣ˵崴ǻᰲʲôʱ򣿡֮ܳǰû໰ڣǾȽ˼ġ
ܺħԺܳɶûֲ
ǽ磬ֻнһ̨ҽʱǻСȫ׿ֺƵ˵
һ£ܳɾҪˣҲڿ΢һ£ѿĶ裬Լ
ȫ׿ֻǱȽڴġ
ܳɾ˵ǵȻһҿɣҾ˼֪ȫ÷㲻
˵ʵڣܹܳú˼Ĳˡ֮ǰԼ̨һ̨عǽΣһ̨⻵ģ΢е˼ģֺ˼Ĳ֡
϶㰡ҽ̨֮á
ҽ֮ǰҲӴٵĸȾɣˣҽǴƵģôûӴĲأȫ׿ԴԳš
ƣ漰ķΧܴǿƵĻӴҲܹ㡣
ܳɾ˵ȫΣҲǣҲûƼĽﾭҲǼʶһ໥ѧϰһ¡
Խѧϰܳɾͻ֣ᷢĿǰǿƵĲ֣ԽǷ߸ӣĿǰĲ֣֪ģδ֪ģˮƽ
Ҫһ꣬һǰˣʱ˽ˣûûʹģȻʮ궼䡣
һǧ꣬Ǹû򲡡Ѫѹȸʱʮǹϡˡ
ͷʱŮȻһɵʣʹҽҲ޿κΡ
ʱûʲô֢Ҳûо֢ûʲôȾ֮˵ȫǷ纮纮˾á
ԣܳһֱҽѧžη֮ģĳһҽѧܹβЧͬܳɻΪһбȽϺ֪
ΪֻвϵطϣܹԽԽӽࡣ
ҽ˵Цˡȫ׿һЦδٶ໰
鷳Ѷ˵ˣҪʱȥ̽￪֣̽϶ǶԲû̫Чġ
Ȼ󣬱ܳɵĽʱ䡣
ܳɽεݣҶԣܿ¬ͯѰѸϵ˶˽
ֲ֫ڶֲ֫֫棬ҲǴ󵨣ģҲָⳬǰ˼ά
ֻܳɵĽ⣬˶ãҲܳɲŸôո˵󣬰ѽ֫Ļߵ˫ȸ¸װȥ
Уջ٣Щջ񣬴󲿷ֶǼʶҪٴȥʵʩĻ¬򣬻ȫ׿֣ͯѰǲôġ
ʧܰȻ鷳ڵĲ˼鷳ҪǮҪĶУ
ܳɼ棬˵֮󣬳֮⣬ˣƲ
ܳԤڿ뷨ȥԶ
ѧѧ̣ѧˣô࣬Ҳ಻ᣬҶǳˣǸԶĸ壬ÿ˶ֻҪԼ𼴿ɡ
磬һ˸ͣĺз
Ȼһ˲ҡ
ͯѰ¬Ҳڣϣܹʶһ£ܳɵô崴ֻģܲ


ʮ ܳɵѹ
ңѾҽ̨ϣķΧȽϹ㣬ȫ顣
ܳɵ̨ԣͿߵ֫ԴȴСϣһ̺пڣתƵģܵĽˮˮƤ
ʵпڣϵ̺ۣģͬӴʸ΢е㴥Ŀġ
ʱλܴҽ¼ҽ׼ܣ崴ǰ
ȫΣ֮ǰߵܣֱǷЩ򣿡ܳЩ̫ǵˣҲ֮ǰȫ׿û
ȡСȲ෽ȴ߹ͷ϶СֹǼ϶ȫ׿ֻǱȽרҵظ˻ظ
ҽ𣿡
ܳҡҡͷҾʡ
ô˵棬ܳȻ˵ʵģ⣬û⣬ֻǸԵ֪棬ͬѡ
ǰ׼ܳɡȫ׿Լ¬˶׷ϴȥˣΪͯѰ¬Ĳ룬ȫ׿ĸҽʦϴ̨󣬶ֻվ̨ıԵλǻ
ܳվλԴ˫׺󣬱˵ѲʦҽԺӦ˶ҽѧĴˮɣ߳ϴҪˮȽ϶࣬Ҫȥȡɣõʱˮϴʱ򣬰ǵָˡ
СƿˮٺĳϴҺǧͬʱӶܷ㡣
֢Ⱦ崴볹׵ǻ϶ϴҪ
ȫ׿˵Ѳأȥóϴǹͳϴܹ֮ǰû뵽
Ѳغܿ˻Ӧ
Ѳ׼ЩʱܳѾǴ˿ʼ˱¶Ĺе˵ܳĴˡ
Թɹǽ˵ֹǵԶˣпڳ֫ƷðСʱ㡭
֮ǰпڣܳҲûٿĿӣԭ·̽
̣ȫûʲôȽϳʵĵطԭпڣҲǼߣ¶̣йоأʲô
⣬ȫ׿ֺͯѰˣԿһۣƺ˵ܳҽԸȾʱ򣬺Ͳʱôְ
ڹʱܳɴһʼͻһǰһĸоǴľ޸УҼǶԹۣȻܹһĵط
΢Щʧ
ңڿӱ¶֮ܳȻǰͰ崴Ĳ崴޷Ǿп֯Ⱦļĸ֯οгԭ򣬲ûʲôɿġ
ټгϴǹĳϴϡϵĽݣ¶Ĵ棬Ҳ棬ܳɵٶҲ죬һСʱʱ򣬲˱崴ࡣ
⣬¬˵ҽڿԹرп˰ɣҿ崴ĲλѾ˰
ܳȴҡҡͷ¬ΣʱŹأֻ崴һЩǱǻ϶ǻû򿪣账ĻٷȾļʣǻߵġ
̨ſʼܳɺεؽͬʱЩ˷ܡ
õʦҲõĿеߣȾʵٴУȥ̽Լ۵زģҪ˽⣬޷죡
¬ԣ΢еΣѡܳɵѡ
ֻǺܺ棬ܳɻҪЩʲô
ţ¬ͷ֣ܳɴӴȵĽ࿪ʼʼѹͷļ״Уĵز˿ңöԵֹѪǯڲϵʲô
ڵϲҪɶ
ܿ죬ܳµĲҰ͸¬شֻܳɲ䣬ͱ¶һ֪ʲôǻ϶ƵģСɫҺ壬˵Ұǰ
ṹУûɫ
ǺɫǸļ⣬Ҳףף֬ǵɫָ֬֯ɰס
ףһǸȾ֯ƻ֯Ľṹ黯γɵġ
ܳҲҵ
ҽطŧǻ϶һ£ѷְȫ׿ֵı鿪ʼ
ҪСһСĸȾڣĴڣٸʱ䣬Ϳ԰֮ǰĸȾⲻΣ
ȫ׿ֵıѾ΢΢ϸܳɷĸȾһε崴Ч
Ǻѷ֣ǰؿߵĺ˴ţòطһˮźšܳɸ˺Ľ͡
ǵģ˴棬Ϣܶ࣬ൽһҪȫܣӶᱬըһҽĶõʮ֮һϢѾǹĽˮƽˡ
ȫ׿־΢еΡ
˴Ϸֵģôûȫ׿ֵһξãܳԭôֲ
⻹û꣬ţܳ΢ƿһξ룬ٴֹѪǯ˵ڶСָָ״С״
Ȼɫȴɫ氵Űɫճ衣
ܳɽȡǰ۲һ󣺡ⶫаĤһϸɣҹưߴڶϸȾвͬľԴ塣
¬˵ͷƤʼˡ
ڴ֮ǰǶǾãĲӦѾȫˡ
ܳɻܹҵһȾǿʵȾĴڣȴǺݺݵǵͷһǾӡ
Ⱦ֮ԻᷴżȻ¼ʵõıȻ¼
ֻǣεĸȾܳɾηֵģ
¬ͯѰ˵໥֯ӶԷﶼɻ𾪡ȫ׿ǻߵҽʦûЩɣں뷴˼
Լ֮ǰΪģѾǾ˵ȫǲȫ
ôεĸȾĪԼУ
ǣεĸȾ׸η֣
ҽҲͨ˴ſôʣ˰Լøӳһ㣬ԼĲ㣬һ˵顣
Ϊȫ׿ַǳԼڹǿƵĴ֪Ļôȫٰٷ֮ʮҽ⺺ˡ
ֻ̫ܳˡ
ǡ˴ܶȡϢʵܶ࣬ȫȤĻ´ǻ̽һ£̨һƬĸ̡ܳɲûнػ˵
Ƭĵһ־磬ǲƬӣֻ棬󲿷ֵסԺҽʦġ
ڶ־磬ܹרƵ⣬ӰƵҽרҽԿ־磬뱨棬ֻƽƬǲһƬҽ𲽡
־磬ֵܹĽʽṹͨʽṹضȡרƵļԼĵطٴȥƲеļֻкܶڲеʵ
ϵĻǸһˣͨ˴ţضȡݣ൱ǰѻߵ֫ȫʿҽǰϵ顣
ṹ˵ĴСܹȫضȡ
ⲢִӡƽƬܹģ˴ϵ΢ϸ棬ܹʾ΢ϸѪܽṹܷʱ䣬ܷϸ̶ֳȵƬֻȫ򶥼ӰƴкרƵĴвܹﵽ
ԣҲܹ¬ˣһؼҽԺΣҪʵҲܡ
ˣҲֻڵؼҽԺ
ллҽȫ׿ֺԥػء
ڵˣѹľȫ׿ˣǲ˵Σһĺģȴһһεرܳɻķ
ڣòһСһվܳǰ
ǾԵʵûκμɿԣܳҲΪôֻʵǡ
Ҳһϸܳ˵
ѲػʿҲǷ̨ϵĲԾˣֽܿһ̨֣ԼһˣӦ
Ϊͼӽβ
ǣ¬˻ܳɵı̶̬ȣߵĸȾس̶ȡ
ʮصĸȾܳɴӸطһһҶ־׼òֱȻջ񣬴Сһ
ҽ⻹𣿡ͲϹĦѧϰͯѰ𾴵ʡ
ܳɵһǰֳϼҽʦѹ
֮ǰȻܳɵ΢úܾܳɿģ̨崴ϡ
סԺҽʦͿԿչֻǸԵʵһ
ǣܳȴ򣬸ǳʹһִ˾ˮƽĲβ
ûˣǻ϶ڵĸȾѾˣӦڹؽĹĤ棬һЩСĸȾ٣ǵúúõһҡ
ƵôҵϺˡܳɺε˵
Уܶࣿ¬ܳ⻰Ϊʱ䳤ΪԼ֪
ǣܳɵĻǼٵİ֮ǰôĸȾ±̽õ֤
Ҳرɣر鷳Щɾ֮󣬲ǳ׵崴
ĻҪÿأȻټԳĳϴ̶ܹȵԤȾĸҲ޷ﵽԵı⡣
Ⱦ̫ˡܳ˵
Ⱦ֮ǰܳħԺģҪ鷳屶ϣܳɾú˼ĵطԣ˼̨
ȫͲ¬˸ýֵĲҪֱӺֵķʽ¾ֻǽ֫ˡ
ˮƽã֪⣬Ѧ޵½ڣγĻߣܴԣҲǷ
ȾĻߣǴһ̶ȵľԽ֫ʵģⲿֲ˵ռȲ󣬵ÿһǶԻʹĥ
ܳɲȥһһлߵ⣬˺˶ԣۣڱУ


ʮ ֻСɫ
ܳɣ쿼мְƵĿԣ𣿡ܳɽмְƿ˵ĵڶ죬ܳɻҪżʡ
мְƣʵҽʦְơ
ſԣԵĳɼôмְƶȫǻӦû⡣ܳɻص黹ǱȽϺõġ
ҷϢʱһңòƺܿİҲԼЩ̫żˣǾת˻ʡ
ſڿ֮ǰǸֲ֫ķ죬Ѿµˡܳɵ˵ͷҲʼ˷
ҵĵһԣܹ֤ۣû⣬еͨġܳɵҲǿʼΪ
ô˵ϽеĶֲ֫Ŀ⣬Ҫ̶Ⱥѳ̶ȣԶԶ֮ǰеĹСппλڹ̶ܹġ
˵ʵСппλڹ̶ԵȺȻ󣬶ӰĻ߻࣬ðˣ׷
ôֲ֫ͻ˻ߵĸ
ʲôĻߣŻٽ֫ǿ϶˼Σյ£Ż֫İͨĻߣѵǽҽԺͽ֫𲽣
ô˵ҾӰӦû֮ǰеǼⰡȻҲΪܳɸˣϾǹǿƵרҵʿ˲̫ȫҪԡ
ѵԺ֮֫󣬶ֲ֫ǳ𣿡Լʡ
ôģֲ֫û취еİ취Ҫʽ̵Ӧú⡣
밡֮ǰĻߣΪʲôҪ֫ǾǴΧˣѪܡ񾭵Ƚṹˣ֫֫ǳܵĻΪ˱֫廵֮ٹעΣ
ԲҪн֫ǣֲ֫ȻǳģôЩ߶ԣееĸ£ϾͿԲٽн֫ˡ
ңһЩ֫ϵĻ߶ԣǵĶֲ֫ʱ䴰һ󣡡
˵֮ǰʮСʱڵֲ֫ĻôʮСʱãֲܿܳϸظӦ⡣
ĲȫȻڳҽҽԺδűǲܳɾĲ
ֻӵĽǶȲһͷܳӦΪݶӣܳɸ̨ı塣
ߵĲ棬ܳѾʱϴѧҽԺĶֽںٽڣϣܹͨʡίԱᣬѵίԱᣬҪעôһ顣
ҽβҽˡ
һ̨پܹҵñظۺЧ֮ĻʵһõĽڡ
ֻ˵һõҽݲۣƹڣǽǺͿѧоߡˣӦ顣
ǣҲǽüͷʣܳɣǸ˵㲻˺ų̈͸𣿡
ĻѺܴ󰡣ʽܹ濪չãҲһܹܵİ
͸ǣһ͸ĻѾͺܴ󣬶ңǳ͸״̬ŵ԰˫֫סһ˵ļͥ˭ܹܵ
ܳԣüͷһ壺ڷõ⣬ȷһܴ⣬ڳҽҽԺҽƷþǰʮ򡣡
ڸϼҽԺǿܻҪߡ
ǣȻ취ļ۸飬ǹе͸ܹĻҽҲûбȽϺõİ취
͸ѵĹ˾ܹ𣿡ʡ
ҲܳɿǣܳɸʽܹȺڷôܳɵԽڣֲ֫ܳǰ뵽ҽʷᡣ
۵΢ڹ̶ֻһʵƶҽѧĽϣﲻʵصͷԾĶֲܹ֫ƶҽѧһֿ⡣
ܳҡͷʱܣĲﲻҪҵϣʵҲ켼ơ
Ӧ֪͸ҽѧڵԭʵѾǹ˵ģôеΪˡ
ܲԺ֫ԣε͸ǿ취ѷÿġ
µʽУȻȥۺ͹㲼
ǵҲǿص˵ͷȣ˯µ½΢һ£ס˴ȴķ⡣
ǣϴǸ崴Ľôˣʡ
УûٸȾˣ˳ϴĹ֮ڵ˿áȫ׿ڶҲǼΪŷġܳЦ
崴ܳڻ۴֮󣬵һε崴ԣЧǳܹǱǻ϶ڵľ߶ɾ֮󣬲ܹﵽ崴ĸ
˺ȾȾƣԭʱܳɻܶҡ
崴пصá
ǣ۳֮ôܳɾͿ԰ԭݺϸڸˣѳ崴ı׼޸ˡ
޸ģʵһ̶ϣǶԭ޸ģ
޸ģֻǻӰ쵽ԺܳٴеʽпܻӰ쵽ίԱ崴ָƶǹָϵ޶
ĶŽдĿͿСƶҽƵķչҲֻܹȫƳȥڻı׼
׼=׼
ֱӰѱ׼ˣ㻹ô棿
֮ǰܶʱִ֮ҽѧ˻ǰ棬Ϊ˼ҵĿˮƽָϵ޶ߣӰָϵ޶Ҫе
ҾнάӣЩ߷߲ƽ
ɲܳڶԻ۵֪ȫһ⻹ǽά˵ܳˣԼֻܳ۵ıɽһǡ
Ѿ棬зˣƵĸΣҲں̽ڶ;׼ϣԺһ⡣
ûӦ
ܳɵĶܳվȥ磬̨ϣ˺ݺһΪС⣬ͷ˳Ҳ̫΢ˡ
ţǵģ֮ܳ
˵ʿѧλҽİ֮ôСппλڹ̶֮
ʿѧλܹһݺùѧõļҺڡ
Сппλڹ̶ҵԼĶλ֪Լʹ
ĻۣǴĲ棬Ͳ򵥵ֻǸˣǹ֮ۺϹͬȵĿнıƴ
һӴɵ̨̨ϣڵʽĲΪֻǻ֮ϵӦú
ܹƷѧƣͬĿѧƵλϵģֻǻĶ
һʽȫΣ
׹Լ޵ȷĹңȫȱʽȫʽԼƵ㻹˵ĺ档
ǻһԵĶ˽Խ룬ôڴ˻ϷӺ輼ҽнάȵĴ
ҿЦݣǳͷ˰ܳɺȻЦ
ˣһ£Ȼҿûҵͷֱӿʼȭͷ
һߺߵģûߡҪȡЦҡ
ʼЩڡ
һεĩ˳һˣ˵һεϱ˯ˣֻǻûеĹؼһǣܳɺͰһҲԶˡ
˵´κ´εļ档
ȻôˣǣҪ˵ڣкŮƤġ
˵ʲôôòƣۣȸİɣչԴڶԸҴ绰ˣ˵ǣĿǰħԺпֱӰԺˣϣܹڿ￪չ׼Ŀ⡣ܳһԼ֮ǰĻһ˫ء
û㲻Ҫԩң֮ǰ˵ĻͲ˼
㡣ָܳɣӦܳתƻ⡣
ڵɲ֮ǰǸСˣرܳɣܳǰһԱУദĹУѾԵȻؿһЩ顣
ദ˵ĸо͸飬һ˵ĳɾͱһƥ䣬ֻǲҪ˦̫Զ˵ϻ
ôżأ֮ǰģ𣿡ܳʡ
֮ǰ͸չԴĿ⣬֮ǰѾǳɸˡ
ˣӰӲߣûȡ㡣ָָܳɣɰޱȣ˫鶯鶯ġ
ôѽô仰ߵأܳ·ˣֿʼ
ܳɾͷ֣ţ֮һʱ䣬һġ
Ȼ쵽һ֮ǰ˵̬ᷢ仯ܾһĻȼգЩѿزסԼ
ҲЩĸокߣȻҲڴ
ûĵĸ̥ʼ
ѹ߮ѳֲסԼ

ըˣȭͷʼҴȻ侲ʼװܳɣǲҪ˺òá
ãܳҲͷ
ȻʣܳɣڳҪеĿ⣬ǲǾĸˣæù𣿡
ҪҪУһⰡʡ
ܳɴ㣬ڳĿ⣬Լֵľĸ
ۣۣȻǶֲ֫ٴ⣬оǴóеĹǿƺľ׼С⡣
ȻĿ⣬̶ȣȫȲϰġ
𣿡ܳǰãûɶ˵ģڣ֣Ҫ˵еʱܳɿʼò̫
ʵֿһµʱ䡣
ѽڵߺáСƵص˵ͷ


ʮ ٵĵǸ
һգһµĿʼϾŵӡ
ҽҽԺĴƣһһȵĴ󽻰࣬棬˲ٵסס
ƽʱʱ㣬ѾǽĽʱ䣬ӳˡ
˿̣ΪƵΣ¬վȺĩβЦ
ǿƵĴΣɽ˿ҲվһԣܳɲС
վڽǰģĿǰҽҽԺĴԺ裬ۈҲվţ΢΢˵ڣκڣҽҽҽԺӭǴָ
ԺǴƵķչҪͷλڶЯָˡ
ۈԭƴΣθԺǰԺ̨ǴԺ
ˣҲҵһ£ɳµˡҶֱҽҽԺ
ڵõ֪ͨʱۈһӦǣǿƵǸɽǲǱˣʡίԱҪר
Ҫ֪ˣһϴѧҽԺؽƵĸڣһκ꣬ϴѧҽԺƵĸڡ
λµؼҽԺʱڣڱҪغüҵ׵ʱڣڵŲǷǳ׵ġ
ںǵǰϴѧҽԺԺٽڣ뿪ô֮ǰйҪû˿Գеһˡ
κ긱ϴѧҽԺƵµĸڣȻԺҲǹǿƴΣǸƣϾλģκ뿪ؼӴľԹ
һУۈºź֪ܳɴġ
κ˶ˣᱻۈĿ׻סǻ࿴һۣҲ˵ԺҲѧϰģԺͿʦ໥ѧϰ
Ժ󰡣ڿչ棬ܻҪԺϳǡ
ûκˣǶ֡ٽˣϴѧҽԺڵˣۺϿ֮£ܳһġ
Ŀ⣬Ǹֲ֫
ֲ֫мҪ㣬һƵ񾭡⡢ֲ
ڶǹؽƵˣдˡܳԼʹ˴ˣԾûٶ
κһʼЩ𾪺˦ģԼܳһСȥӣǲе㲻ףֱӰڳȥѦ޵½ڱĻ˭
Ծʵˡ
Ѧ޵½ڣȻħԺֻһĽڣǴΣǣڴͷϴѧҽԺĴƴεС
˼Ҷ˦棬ܳһϣǲУ
ԣ˾ʱطͷе񣬱ָɵ˳ҽҽԺ
ʵһʼǲԸҽԺģȻֵܵλϾڲľϴѧҽԺƣ˵Ƶĸڼڿˣ
ȫפ˸ؼҽԺ浱ָԱȥˣǵĽҲܹؼҽԺӾרҵ
ʱ򣬲ٻءֻܴϴѧҽԺһˣȻҵκꡭ
ӦõģӦõģڣκڣҲͲǹ˰
ΣһΣʡίԱᣬָǹǿλ󽫣ٲܸҿû˰ۈⳡ棬΢еţЦһ󣬸Ͻ뿪
յԺλãһֻȶϣλڵļ٣ùǿٳ¶ˣȻҲߣˡ
˶ѾˣҲܾܾ
ɽֻЦֶۈۈ뿪󣬹ɽıӲȻЦݲţκڡڣ˰һ·۳Ͷٵġ
ɽܷ󣬾Ϊܳɱߣˣڣκλ״ûû͸
λڣ齨ɲǿƵרţûģҪԼǻϲʲô
ңλͷʲôܳġ
ɽ˲;ãܳҽҽԺһ㶼ģһɽ󡭡
Σ˵Цˣɳо볣УʵҲСʱĳ̡ΣԺҪհκĸӱȽϸߣŨü۾󣬴˿˵䣬͵͵Ƴܳɷ
ɽϽ˵˵
κڣڣʵģλǿָԱܳҽʦǰ϶ҲйӴڴ顣ǿҪһ˴һ飬ܹںϿвˡ
ǾذεĿãǿҺҽԺҲϳеҽԺڣϣÿԲɽֺƵ˵
֮ǰΪܳһֲ֫ҪϾϵĪô
ڣܳɰʽ㵱һٴôԺȻҪĲ˵ģԿۺʵкô
Լˣұ֮ǰϣҪģ˲֪ٱȥ
ܳɳӲǹɽܽ˵ġ
ҾÿԣھأκһڴӦˡ
Ҳ˵ҾùεҪһ´ǣǴϳҽҽԺĸιǴ顣
⹤ĹǰӦ¬εˡ
⻰̹١
һ̸֮󣬹ɽҲͿٵˣ󱳵ıģϸ
ûϵܳɵʵ̫ˣΣĲ˵ʡĹǿƣ÷ƸݶΪˣ
֪˵Ļ͸Ȱһģûлͷ·˰úúõذԼƨɲɾȻ˰ԼĿҲչ
޹ؿԺԼĴζ֮ʣµģǿĹԱˣ¬ȫ׿ֻͯѰܳɵˣԺҪڿ﹤ġ
Դҵ鶼˲١
¬ΪΣ˵ˣڡκڣӭǰָ㹤ҽԺһ㣬ܻίˡ
κ궼νǶԣһס൱ˡ
Ȼ¬˹İţܳȥȫ׿飬飬κȥͯѰϣָԱ
ôһϼṹͱȽƽˡ
ൽˣҲǽˡ
κˣ¬Լȫ׿ֵȥȲ룬˵ϣܹܳĿ顣
˶ôˣ¬ҲͲǿˣ˵һԷ󣬾ͷܳ뿪ˡ
ܳæذκ뵽˸һ¥棬㰲ǾҽԺԶ
ȥ֮ܳɸϽλܳйһ֮Ե֮󣬸пκڣСҽӦýСʦۿɳģʱȥҽԺʱҽֻǸСסࡣ
ҵʱ;ΪŶ̶һʱ䣬ڶΪǵʦˣ
ǴȥϿεģҽԺŵŵ˲˵ҲǷܳɵĲ֮
κԣվ˵ҽҽκ꣬ܲʶң֣ҿǾжŵġ
ﰡҵõΪ֮ǰµĴ󣬵Ǹκվظܳɾһ
ܳ׼£ⳡ棬ŵˣϽһκ
κʦڹɷҰôȴУһᱻʦġ˵ҲʦصܳɸϽ͡
ҲǺɵؿκ꣬ǲеˡ
κȴؽ͵ҽ֪ɻǵãһԪĲˣ֮ǰɳаҽԺΡ
ܳȻ⣬Ԫ䣬Ǽӡģӡ磬Ԫģһе⡣
κ˵ҽ˵ʱα֮תҽԺҽļҰˡ
ʦݺݵһ٣˵ʵһͦġڣһ
εֹܻǻָǷѡ
ﰡڣһĽᣬҵʱ룬һڣһסߣզģ
κ굹Ǻܴ󷽵һˣֱӾͳԼĴ󣬶һﻰ潲˳
ܳӣκʦڣҵĻҶԵңҲ̫Σûġ
ңԺ󣬻Ҫκʦֽ̣໥ѧϰͳɳκʦ̫ˣôҶ֪ʲô˵ʲôˡ
ʦ˵԰ɣֻܳ
ϣܹæ˵㻰£֮ܳǰ˵ûȥκᣬһô֣أܳЩʴӡ
վκĽǶȣֲԼĻ׳棬һסԺҽʦķϣ𿪣ǲӦô
κڣҾС˵֮ǰ飬ȥˡҽڲϵسɳڣô˵ôҽĳɳ̣ھˡ
ڻͷȷǾ֮ǰ̫Ĳ㡣վ˵
ûκ֪֮ÿҽǴСҽɳģ֮ǰҲܶκṩƣһ̶Ͻʡڶģֻǲܳôߵĸ߶ȶѡ
±ȣΪ˻ǿҲ֮ǰԼǿ
κҲ̾˿򣺡Сܣлл㲻ƽϣʵȥ˵һִɻ䡣
ĲˣκԼԼܳɵķϺֲṩӦˮƽķϣܺ˭˭֪
κʦǲ֮ǰ˰ɡʵҲΣҵĽǶȣӦòҪ뿪ҵġҲ֪ԼҽʦҲǻߣԼѡȨ
֪ͬȨȨѡȨǶûа취ᡣκʦǽ죬Ǿһ𣬺úõعһֲ֫⡣
ⷽ棬κʦ϶ǸרҵģһѰѹءܳɸæת˻⡣
κаһ⣬ǺܴңҲϴѧҽԺԼΡ
רҵ飬רҵˣܳǱȽϷĵġ
ҲͷԣκڣСƵĿⷽʲô֮㻹ðæѰѹء
ܳһ̶ϣҲϴѧҽԺԺܳɼпԺģΪҽԺǰðܳ˵˵ܳѾһ
űýһЩ۲С
κҲپᣬ˵СܵĿⷽ϶ûģ̰֮ǰѾ˽ڣĥ˺ܶ飬Ƿ֣̣ܳ©
ǲףʱ֧֣񾭡ķϺֲܹﵽ൱õĿ̶ȡԣڽôǰǵúúõһ񾭼֮ĹϵΪһ;ܹ֮¡
κӺרҵؽǶ顣
⣬һͣҪ㹻ĵײ߼Ϳ֧ţǿ¥ЩѧĲ롣
ĶԴ񣬱еֶκͷȥӡ֤֤Զֻǲ룬ܳɶ
κ˵ҽڣߣôһ𿴿ϲʰ
ģҪС
ܳ;ѾҲִ˳еİһϢܳҲֻǿһۣûмʱظ
µʱ򣬶Ů鳤ͲҪ̫Ӱˡ빤оֿÿ˶ҪҪõ顭



ʮ ΪǾ컨ˣ
ܳκ˸뿪˿¬λΣҲΰ칫
¬ڵ䣬Գ֮ɫ˵ʱŰܳǳҽҽԺҵʱֻǾ쿪Ҿ;ãֱƨԡ
ǻôһЩ˼ڻܳһֱЦ˰ɡ
ȫ׿־˵ǰ̫ССҽˣΪֻǸͨĲʿǿҲûʿ
ģܹϴѧһҽԺĸڣʲôǽڣҲôԺָ𣿡
ȷڣһϴѧҽԺĸڣȻǸŽ»ģҲڣ˺ȥ
ԸߵĻ׾ܹҽʦְƣ˽ҽԺԸԼߵĸнƸ롣
͵ĽѧҽԺ඼Ի֮Ҫȥ죬ڵˮƽֻǸΣϾֻǶ󲿷ֶˣѧҲѧú
ܳɾһǳõ
ܳĿǰĳɼֻһ΢۵ʽĿ⣬ԼлǲԵģСҽ϶ǲõĶûڣ
ʡίԱᣬԼϴѧҽѧƾһֻһ⣬ʦԺʿѧôϹ֡
ְ֮ܳǰɳУʱħãǳеʱȴǹҵĹίԱƣʲôأ
ҾãܳɵʦҲ׵سܳȥίԱʲôλãȫܳԼĳɼһѡͯѰϸط˵
ķΧһӾͱ
ܳɵĳ֣ȷǺܿظı˿״ĿǰĲԼ϶ļЧĹۡ
ңܳҲ𲽵ÿ￪չʽóҽҽԺĴƵˣڻչһ̨ʽ
񣬸ǴʽΪһֳĿ⣬ٴϿչԴƶԣô̫̫ˡ
ǣΪκĵ¬ͯѰ˶֣Ѿʧȥ˶Կҵƿڣ⼸ڰÿһѹҶ
ֻһԭ򣬿϶ܹѧԿҵķչǼкôģǣҲһѹ˼м䡣
ͯѰȫΣǽ죬Ҫúõһ룬һܳҽʦԼλڣ뿪ǳ֮ǿҸԴˡ
󣬿ܹӵס⼸λָԱĶ¬Ƿǳ˼ѵġ
ȻģǿҪеߣȴǣȥˣԼȴˣǾеЦˣˣҪúõѧ棬ԼĻøʵС
ȫ׿ֵ˵ͷ磺¬ΣĻȻûҪãⰡɲ򵥰Ƕֲ֮֫ǰûйĸء
Ҫ£ѶȺܴҽ黹ǣǱصһܱϵĳɼס۾
ԼƭԼܵ˺϶
ţһ㣬ҲǹҲѾԺͨˣƻǵĻպöȵġǼȻںκڶҽԺʵԵģҪġ
¬˵䣬绰Ȼ¬ʱ̸ֹȻӹԺʲô£
ʲôϣ¬˼˶ȣǲ˼֮ɫ
Ȼȫ׿ֺͯѰͿ¬һͬһֻϺһأ̱ϣǿš
һͨ绰ӣ
Ź˺üӣ¬ֽӲعҶ˵绰Ȼ˫ĿɣУ͸¶˸⾪֮ɫһȫһ
¬ΣԺ˵ʲôˣȫ׿ֲʣǱҲ
ܹ¬⸱ģģһС£Ҳ̫ʲô¡
¬һȻ󻺻صһ̣˼ڣȻ˵ոԺҴ绰绰˵ҽԺгҽҽԺеļؼҽԺἴӭһרš
Щרŵ齨Աȼ͵ģϴѧҽԺĽڼһˣǳҽҽԺҪҽԺǿƵˣǹǿƵĽڡ
һǻҽԺĳ¼ڣһǾѧҽԺƵĹڣ׼ӭӡ¬٣Ҳ˳żˡ
ȫ׿ɵˣҪﰡ
ҽԺǴҽԺڻĹǿҽԺѧҽԺ͸Ӳ˵ˣųȫǰģһԴһƬ
Ľڣǽֺš
Ҫ
ҽԺˣĶЩ˭ͯѰϽʵ
ҲǽģԶԱϴѧҽԺĽڣ˭ǳУǳʲô顣
¬򼸺ǳȷ˵
ǳ˴飬κԲУ
ЩνרţҲУǣ¬֪Ѿ󲻳ʲô飬ܹѳ¼ں͹ֶڸը
£᲻ܳйϵȫ׿ּʶôʡ
ộճǲܵģôΨһһܴڵıܳɣ˵ܳйϵ
ϾκˣǱܳɸĿըġ
ǣκ˵ֻΪֲ֫Ŀ⣬һٴ⣬ԣȫӰҲޣֻϡѡ
ʲôĶܹӰ켫Ϊ㷺ܹô̡
ȴ绰ɡ¬˼һ侲

ͬʱܳںκſݣȻͿ߮¬򶼴˵绰˼һ£ܳɾͰ߮ĵ绰ȹҶˡ
¬Σǿʲô𣿡ܳʡ
ҽҸոսӵԺĵ绰˵ǳлһרţǹǿƵг¼ں;ѧҽԺĹڡ
֪𣿡¬СʣܳɵĻػ
ܳü¬Σ½ں͹ڻУӦûֵǿƵ𣿡
Ȼ֪߮ģ߮׼Ǹʿ⣬ȥ֮󣬵õ̶߳ȵӣĿǰоģʮڡ
ǻԵĵ߸Կ⣬һϵͳѧϵͳ𶯣ԣ뾡ԽԽá
Ϣ͸¶֮󣬾кܶڶ׷ױҪʵһʱ˽⵽ʵĴۣʲô
ϡ˰
¬Ҫȥ˵¼ֶƵĻ¾Υı˰ǲϣԼ鵢飬Ű⣬߮硣
ڣܳɲٲϡ
¬Ҳϻ콭ˣܿܳɵ˼ҽҵ˼ҵ˼ǣҽӦúͳ½ʶôܲȥӴʱ򡣡
ҽһ·½ں͹ڣи԰źõĿҹ滮ǰͶ˵ġ
¬˵СҲЩί
磬֪ޣҲɷʣʱһ˽ҿǴƲը
ûأ¬Σʱǰ֪ͨҾͺˣڻںκ˵顣ܳæ˻⣬Ϊκ겻ء
ڳ¼˻ᵽ飬ֲģҲûҪǰ¬ñᣬԼɶġ
õģҽˣǾͣȲˡ¬ǫ
ܳҲҶ˵绰
ǣﻰ⣬κȴ˲һĵطҽո˵ĳ¼ڣǲǻҽԺǸ
ǹؽƵģؽ봴ڲпңԿܲ졣봴ƴڷּ벻ּ֮УκԴڱȽ֪רңϤġ
Ȼκôʣϣ¼ڵĻôڵֲ֫Ŀ⣬Լٽչڴ򣬳¼ڵרҵͿʵǶǼΪܴġ
ǵģκڣ½ΪġϴѧҽԺ߮磬ڵĵһ⡣ܳɿһۣ˵
֪߮Ǹ⣬֪ģڿڲˣ˶鵰⣬ϣæգٽڲԺǾãҪ˽ˣô󷽵㡣
ԵĶҪߵӳ̶ȣ̬ĸ
ùĻôѧĹƽԺͿԼ֣֮ء
Ŷ£ǾЩźˣһΪܳѳ½Ҳ˹ءκЦЦ˵
ϴѧҽԺҽԺʵԶģǸʵĴ⣬˽֪κ꣬ʱ֪µĴڡ

Ȼܳɸ߮緢һæϢ˾ٴξһ
ܳȰκͻᣬȴ飬ܳһߡ
κʵҲܳߣǱϾ֮ǰǼ´ڣҲ̫ںƤܳɶˣֲ֫Ŀ⣬ԺκΪҪˡ
κȥЩʣܳɣǸʵĿ⣬Ӱش㵽ôģȥ
ڲˣ֪⣬ܳɵĳģǣܳȴôһø߮磬ڶ֡٣ǰ˼ġ
ѵܳ㻹иҪĿôκʵ벻ʲô⣬ܹеĿ⣬Ҫش
ʦҵȷȴδôҪҸϣܹһá˽ӴͿֱӽʦߺ硣
ܳɻǾãûʽְǰҪ˸磬㹻𾴡
ðɣ㹻ġ
һˣܹӣͲöɽеĺôռܳ˴Ĵָ
΢۵Ŀ⣬˵͸ڻ۵Ĵ⣬ܹܳɵǶ缶ĶҲ˵þã
ܳɵ׷𣬵ɶе㲻̫ˡ
ʦˣʵ˵һʱ䣬һҪæָһءܳЦЦһӡ
Ǹڣйڿεľ飬Ҫ෽̣ʵ̣ģ̣ܹץסĶ
û£ԺҪæĵطкһˡ
Ȼ˳㣬Ҳúһ£Ǹ΢۵ȻǹؽƳģһЩؽڹۣڽ΢ʱǾûѡ
Ӧò˽ɣЦû̫ǫҲû̫ڿܡ
϶ˣʦǿ໥ѧϰ֪ܹܳУǸܴӵġ
õĻԺһһ¹ؽһЩʽĸ⣬ϧǰˡ
ȻĻſεǸؽڵĿ⣬ʵҲܳҲкܶƵĺöҪһʱ䣬һһų
ۣ˳ɹ֮󣬽һԵĽţͷź֣֮ܶǰ˵Ժֱӳ濪չĿ⣡
ĶҸģ
Ұѵײ߼ˣ㻹̸ʲôôҪ
ȻǲҪˣǵ̺ͻ۵ĺô
ż
ңһΣ⣬ܹ֮ܳͬ⣬ǶڳУܳʵһĿģϣЩ֪Ľڣе£ϵͳĸֵʣ᲻ή͡
Ҳ˵ĿǰϵͳʣǺҽѧĶ㽨йأǺһЩ߰йأǶ㽨ĻôܳɵĽ֮󣬿Ժܺý
صĻôֻܳ˵û취ˣ
ǣĲƣףܹĶصıʣڴ
ܳɺܺ£Լʧ
ĽҲܻ̣ܲǾ˾ͺá
ܳҪĿ⣬ǲܹ֮ڡ


ʮһ زˣ
ȥ·ϣܳɽ߮²۵绰
ܳɣTMˣΪʲôҪóջҰҿæҪһں徻ǰɣ
ǲҸ򹤣߮ˣ֮ǰ߮磬һȽϵˡ
ڣһЩƼˡ
ܳɶ˵ֱӷ߮һܵ΢ţ߮磬һöǻⶫǿܣĶ˼
һݹǿƽѧӦҽѧܵȼѧĻֹ滮漰ǿеļַܼ֧ѧѧϰĽߣͬˮƽҽʦӦõķֽߡ
ܳϣܹĶ
߮ſ˲ӣǣæģҾڵĹá
˵ˣҳȥˡ
߮Ҷ˵绰ȴָ½ɷ΢ŵܳɣֻܸ˵TMţƣҲŪ
Ȼ
һϻһ֮ƣĪȣʮ֮ƣĪľ֮ƣĪˡ
ܹܳɣʲôʲôνĻṹȫǸƣҪνĽܳɵôѾҪˡ
ǰǣܳɵЧõĶĻᱳ
һðյ飬ش塣
ܳһ˵ҪȥȫĹ켣ߵÿ죬ҪߵʵͱиõĽѧ;
˳֮ܳɾͷ֣ҽԴӦƽ⣬һǳ⣬ʽΪӦ㣬Żַ䲻
Ǹ쿭Ȼ¼Ƿ¼ܳɾãȥٳɣǻһȥ飬ġ
УܳɣĲ˵Ժ㲻Ҫʲô£ͶˣҰ滮ʵʵذһá
ϵܹͨͿԳ֮ΪʥˣûĴʿ㣡
һ㣬ܻԽȥһӶĬĬţǴ뿪ԸôĶע߮ǳ֣档
ڵܳɣֻҪߣȥǰߣǰ·һƬ
ΣڣڣרңŬỤ̆ԺΪԺʿڻ£ڣܳɻܴŻĹǿƣȥ̨ϣַɡ
Ҫô߰飿
԰ɣһᣬкܳԴɱ˻ѶʮȥûɼתٴյĶȻҳԷġ
ⲻ̸ҵôܳɻЦҲһ߮硣
ۣȷ̸߮ѽ
߮дС˵㹻Լ±ˣԿȥ׷һЩһĶ˲ҽ£Ҿһҽ
ܳҲ˾ͷ¸꣬ҲаСţٲãԼͨҽȥͲˣʣµʱ䣬ȫоѧۣʮ꣬˭˵Ҳԣ
˵ҽƽչҪҪȥ̨
˵ҽҩг᲻ᾭڶεķ
˵ҽƷǽͻӣǹܳʲô飿
ҩƷļ۸ҩҽԺģǲɹŵ飬ܳɾǸٴҽҪҩƷĻؿۺ͸ֻҪ֤֪ΪʲôҪôȥû취Ǯ㹻ˣ
ܳڵרҵˮƽҪǮ
򵥣˽ҽԺһףнΡ
һµѵҽò£ɹȥһ̨ǲûиܹѧԼһ£ܳë£
ǣܳɲô룬˵ûнӴĲ棬ҿǮû
ǵҵ±⿼ǵҾͻҪǵһ£Ӹ;⣬øĺʽ֮ڣһ档
̣ѧ̳ĺҽΪҲһҪķ档
ӦǣĿǰϣ顣
Ŀǰŷչ˶̶̼ʮ꣬Ŀǰҽˮƽ֧žø߷չ£ͨڶҽƵ
ǣҽĳɳȴһߣͨҽɳҪʮ֮󣬲ܹʼĿǰľ档
ĲʿδؾܹرõҽˮƽǧٹֵļΡ
νѧϰߣΰθޣв棬ΰ߼ҽʵȲҪǵ顣
棬ܳɿ˺ܶʦĳԡ
γԺʿãƵγԺʿѧǣһС
йԪƽʦĽѧڳԡ
ΪʲôΪ֪Ҫʲô
ͬܳڣҲǵһҪȥԵʱˡ
ȻܳɻһЩȽģ֪ʦǣڹʱû飬ǣܳˣҾ˾ĵƺ˼֮󣬲ڳеľ档
һʲôأ
󲿷ֵרҽڣߣǵݺ͵λǿȫڳеϵͳģڸڳеĹλϵͳ
ԻҽԺѧҽԺħ֪ҽԺЩطĶڣʿʦҪȫָɺͰô
ҪǳеίԱᣬҪСȥùƽԼ飬ȻһЩרҺͽڷҧһڣеˡ
£ܹһ̶ȵأ̶ȵؼ٣쳵¼ʱ顭
ֿ⣬ǲܷģֿ⣬ǲֽܳʰġ
ڣĿ⣬ǸͲܹ߱˵ģֻܳԼȻͨһЩ취ڵľ档
ܳɺϣԼܹõһ൱ĴȻĬĬؼ¼
Ǻǡ߮緢Ȼû˵ˡ
ܳҲ߮ᣬʰһ飬ȥ᷽ΪѽҲ˳УҲ˳ҽҽԺ
ңҲһᣬܳɵĶţܳɵȥæһ°ס˵׼ԺҲܳɾҪסĵط
ϵĹҪǰõġ
㿪Ὺ𣿡ǰһţҲҪᣬҲҪӭӭӡ
ῪˣϳԷƲϻˣ㵽᷽𣿡΢ʡ
ˣǱЩû͵ƵҪһܳʱûܵӻĵ绰
죬˺ܳȻȴŰͬ־ȥɹһճƷƷ
֮ǰħɶûУ׼ģǱߣҲûС
ڳеĻûзԴˣҼУҲԸסܳɵĶš
ܹ֮סܳɵĶţǰ˰취֮ǰסһʿЭ飬öԷѵط˳
һȥ緹ȥǸѼɣ˵ζġĳԻԱ¶˳
ã˳·ǻԴһӡܳ˵
죬ȥɹʱ򣬰ڳǻ˺ܾãľӲ⣬òܳɾͽ飬Ҫȥһ
ͬˡ
ܳȣܿӭһȽĹų̿㣬洩黨һɡŵиЬ
һƶ֣ܳܳæȥظһƿˮȰɣ
ʵãе¶ȣħҪһЩ̫̫ˡšһƿǣ֮ܳǰѾšˣ̵һЦ
˲оһߣá
ǵģڵӵ˰·ݣˡҸʱ򣬾ͱҪһЩǴ򳵹ȥɣȽԶڽϡ
ҪȥľӵطǺԶ
ãҲر߾ͺáͷʾͬܳɵĽ顣
һʿ˵Ŀĵغ˾˿ԥؾˣǶԳмΪϤ
ڳϣȻûյǷ绹٣ܳɣⳣе·ÿɳкħ·ˡ
ǵΣǳȻв󣬵ǵ·ǺܺܵΡĵʿʦĵػشһ䡣
Сǵһаɣ
һЦЦ˵ѽǵһѡ
İҲ֪ԼСǾǵʿʦҪڨͷⰤܳ˾롣
ʿʦԣգգۣûٻػˡ
ܳҲûãֻǻһЦȻתƻ⣺ʱУϵʦɣ
¹ȥİټԼµĽ۵ĳάͶιҲѾ֮ǰʦСһġ
һΣУѿߣܳɾ¶ԷһԼĴײ˱ߵ˼
ҡҡͷ֮ǰ˵лʦͲ
ܳɣ㻹ǲҪھԺӰŶƣܹܵһЩչˣʵ֪ôˡƫͷЩɵ۾
ţܳȻ뿪ˣγǰæ˵˻԰ŻģһλԺʿİУټϰŬɡʲ
͹۵㣬˻ϽҪǻ첻õĻǾҽԺˡ
ӦʦҶҰæܳǺܻõġ
ждԣŮ˵Ķǵһ۾Լ۾н
һЩ£ע⵽ϸĺġ
ȻܳڵĹ۲Ͳ׽ԸǴ´ġ
Щ˼˴⣬Ц
Ҳ֪ô£һ֮ͻȻϣоĴŶ˿ǰ˵Ǹʲѡȫ
ҲڳԼߣȻ̲ˣ֮ǰԼҲһֱһֺܵ顣
ְȻ֧ǼСڿҲΪ˱Ƚҫ۵Ĵڣڻ˳УѾǺҸˡ
ȻҲ֪ЩҸ㣬ֻǿ͹۵ҸϣܹøһˣЩʹøԼһˣܹЩ̡
˳⣬ȲسѼݣ֮ǰܳɾͰá
ȥ֮˵һݣȻ󻹼ѼԼһЩˡ
˵ܳɣУʵǴŶģħԺҲ֪ڳۡ
԰ħԺƵʦϣܹۣٵרںϣϣܹЩȥõΪҡΪƵķչס
ҾãΪһƵһԱҲԴġ
һӾͰѻҰˣվѧƷչĸ߶ܳˡ
ǣܳȴܿ쿴˼ǽɣ˵˵ɣǱߵƣʲôô
ܳɿɲΪһ첲յˣֻǴȻͰô׵ظˡ
˵ţʵ࣬һԺ
ڶһ屶İҷѡʿѧλĸ
ھŸ㹻ԳΪ˶ʿоʦ˵⣬е
ܳɣ˵Լھͻ˶ʿŶ꼶Ժô˵ʦѽ˵ʱܿģ˵֮ȴʼ
ŶѪµù󰡡ܳ˵
ͷǵȻƻ֮ԽΪеһƣǻ֮ǰĻ֮ϡ
İƻˣôĿǰеԼӦĹ˾ܶһƬߣͷʼ
µϣûܹܺõĳɳĻôȻͻһʧ䡣
ΪʲôҪҲǵν֮󣬲ʶԭܹҪĳ̶ȣţޱ𺳡
ݣܳĻۣһӴĵ߸
߸
㽨¥ãҸ¥ܸǰɣҰѻظˣ㻹ܸ߲


ʮ Ӱش
úˣ鷿Ӧûɣܳ밲æСʱڰߣһ׵鷿װܡ
˵ͷףŻУǻԣҹȥ򡣡
˵궢ܳɷúԺҪߣǾûԤŶ
֮ǰ鷿̫С
ô˺󣬾Լ¡
ܳû룬ѿ齨õЬܣٴȻܻԼǱߣ֮ǰ׼Ьȥ
ţְ֮ܳǰɹ˯£뵽¹
˵ǰ׼ˣȻĻȥһμңȻ˲Ƶ顣
˵˭ϡЩùѽ
ʲô
˵ллæֹͣ˺˼룬һסžܳôţⲻǺ͵ӾŶβ
֣ܳϵʱҪȥԷܻҪԼ
κˣ϶ͳһţȻг¼ڣͲ֪ǿƵΰˣǿ϶Ҫȥ¼һġ
˵֮ǰ¼ڰԼѧǿոڽħԺԼѴ󲿷ֵʱ䶼˳ǱߵĿ⣬ǿոڵĽӴࡣ
Ҳ֪һΣ¼ڻ᲻Լ鷳
ţû£ȥɣⷿûҪʰʹɨһ¡ͷʾ⡣
ܳ죬Ц˵ʵԲɨģǱߵĿͷĴѾѽ
һ죬ܾͬƵĶ±˭Ƶġ
ҲŲȥ˯Ҫ˯ԡ̧ͷ⡣
ǱҲԡܳ˵
Ȼܳɾͱһ٣ŽܳȥʲôҾ۲ͣܳɰ֮ǰ׼õıԿ׸˰һݣ͸Ͻȥ۲͵ĵط
ܳ뿪֮󣬰Ҳûпʼ̴ֻ˷ڵĴɨ
ӣ˶Ŀġ
ӣʼɨȻ󾲾ش鷿￴顣

ൽ߰˵ӣܳɷһϢҶˡʲôʱ
Ƶþʮ㣬ҸѾҿһ£Ӧÿ쵽˰ܹˣֱ¥ġܳɸ΢š
£ǵȻӦûšȥϴĤˡһûܳɽû̴顣

ͬʱκ˳Թ˵һܳɣѾǱɽ˻
¼ںʹӾλֶڲͬʱأһӡ
ɽûдˣֻǰܳɴ˹ȥŽӴĵط˾Ʋ˺š
·ϣɽʣҽ½ں͹ڣûʲôȽİð˵壬ȲʲôġеĻҺš
ҲΣ¼ڻ࣬ǶҵʦںѧĹڣҲһμ档ܳʵص
ͬʱܳ룬Ī˵ûⰮãУҲпպȥȲѽ
ɽǲ֪¼ֶеĿĵġ
£ĿǰҲù֮ڣΪӰ̫󣬲̫͸¶õʱЦ󷽡
ͺñѧĲ룬֤ɹˣһ֤ˣǾЦˣҶҪӵˣ϶ҵؿˡ
ɽҲûʡ
ܳɽĶʵ¼͹ֶǽڼ𣬵ȷ֮ܳǰݲܳɽϣҲֻϣһмŦ
һΣλڣԸڳжһʱ䣬Ժǣߴţһ޵ǶҽԺͿҵķչǳġ
һ¼ԼֶڶˣŴӻ߳ܳɲʶֶʶ¼ڣڳ¼ߵģֶİٶͼƬܲ񣬵ǻЩơ
½ڣʦܳæȥ
¼ǻҽԺĽڣǹֶȴǾҽԺĽڣһʦӦ
¼´ܳһۣٴθпڣҵοСܣһΣʱϿΣڶΣϿΣڣ
¼ɨһۣ˹ɽֹͣ˻
ɽæ˫ѻջЦݣڡ½ڣλԶˡ
ǹɽλڽСǴɽͺáɽЦ
ΣҲҹĻԹǰֶ˵ţܳһֵۣСҲˡҲˡ
ɽϻ⣬˵ܳҽǺģһ˵ںͳ½ҪǷǳҪӭӵġ
⻰ʵֶͳ¼ҪУܳ˵ʲôҲҪһµġ
ʦʦλػûԷɣȥԷȻٰλʦúϢһ£ܳɽ顣
ʱ򰡣ͲҪˡ
ɽҲͷ˵ǣλڣǳǸСطֻԱСΪλڵĵӷ硣
ȥԵ㶫ϣλڲҪźá
ֶͳ¼ȷеǱӣȴƣ¼Ǹ˵ΣԷͲ˰ɣڷɻѾԹ˼͡
ȥϢһ£󣬲ŷɹڣҪŹһȥԸ
ֶҲҡͷΣԷ飬ҪʱƳٵɣȷеˣҸ֮ǰҲѧУ￪һᡣ
ͬʱܾȥԷҲڹɽ֮УҶˣҲߵ֣ԣҲ˺ü׼
λ࣬ҾֱӴλȥƵ꣬ҪǰŵỹûãҪ칦򡣾ƵҲгԵġ
ڣ½ڣǧҪ
ǰģߣճԸǳ£һѧ飬ǳĻЩڶаŲʳֻҪ׼
ɽйεؽӴ飬Ҳӡ
ˣʵڱǸеۣϢһ¡¼͹ֶͬʱԹɽȭ
ӦõġӦõģλڣ룬Ǹ򡣡ɽҲ֪Ȥû˵
ֶͳ¼ˣϳ󣬾ƫͷ˯ˣ뵽ܳɺ͹ɽĶ
ɽʣҽǣôæ𣿡
ܳɾ˵ںͳ½ڣҲ֮ǰħԺʱѦ޵½ڣһܳһȥαƽѧٻĸطĻȻкܶѧ顢ѧУĽѧ顣
գԼҪ̡
˵⣬ܳɶۣʵѦ޵ּĽڶԣ׬Ǯȷǲˣĺܶ飬뵥׬Ǯûϵˡ
඼Ϊһִźĵ¡
ĺۡɽٶ˵Ϣ
ȥ˾Ƶ󣬹ɽҲֻǸŰæסȻ뿪ˣܳûߣ˾Ƶ
ֶδȻԼķ䣬Ǽ˳¼ڵķ䣬ȻһƿȪˮ
ܳɣʣСܣε⣬ΪβԼأһõͶĻᰡ
ɽѾڣֶԷĵʳɻ
ʦĿ⣬Щʦͷźã΢ģд󣡡ܳǫһ¡
ֶȴǸˣƨ
˵ʵ뷨ɣֻһǲŵġֶûôƭ
һҪܳûʵ뷨
ǾˣεĿ⣬ͬСɰûõĻ¹شпܻǻò״Ŀϵȥֶüͷţ
ڹȥĺܶ꣬ĿΪ٣һ̶ְƶɵģڸģϲ飬ǰ׷ݣֻҪ֣ϳͲ
Ϊţǲ㣬Ҳϲ㣬Ҫˮĳڳϲ㣬жǰҵǰߵķ
ʦô˵ˣҾ͸Ӳˡ
һεĿ⣬ӰȷܴԣҪкܶʦմ֣ҿʱǲܳ˵
ĻģӰȴƷеƻۣһƬأⲻܳɵ˿ɵ顣
ңӰ֮вͻѻĿн磬ҽѧнЦıǩôģ
ܳɱĴ㣬߮˽ȷˣа֮Լʦִ֡߮ȴǰ棬ӡ
ѡ˵úãҲ
Ǻǡֶǡ
ˣԽԽ˰ǹôϼһǴ򹤣˵ʼˣƢѧģ
ʦ̶ֶʡ
ܳɾЦЦʦǣԺһġ
ʱ򰡣ֶ˵ʲôʲôǧҪŷ֮ĻȻĻֲ˺á
ֶĳ棬ԼҪöࡣ
㵽мְհǧҪǺ㿪Цġ֮ǰʹ˹ϣɹȴֲֻᡣֶҲû׷ܳɻ治ʵ
ʦ飬гɹҲʧܣֻ˵һֿԶѣİգҲ˵ֻͨеۣһ󵨵Ʋͳԡܳü˵
ģĶɹʾǰٷְ٣û㹻Ŀ͹֤֧֣ôֻǼͲ롣
Ͳ٣ǰԤУǾǲѧģܳɲɵ£ʲô֤
ֶҲǵģԲʳ˲רҵ⣺ˣҲȻȥϢɣҲ֪ҲԼ顣
һҪͳ½죬ȥɡֶŻ־Ҫʾܳ뿪
ɳ¼䲻ˣڣҶûܳ˵أͰ˸ˣ
ֶϻ½ڣСܻǸˣҪϢʲô£ֱӺ˵ͺˡ
ûбҪΪ
ֶʵҲǽ֪֮ǰ¼רŰԼѧǿȥħԺܳȴ˴ʧܳΪԪƽѧǾѧҽԺˡ
Բó¼۸ˡ
٣ǵǶ̵úܡǴ˵˰¼Цá
Ұܳ¡Ͻȥ㷿ɣڡ¼ڿЦˡ
ֶ˳¼һۣԷûҲͷˡҲܳɺͳ¼֮Ĺϵ
ܳɲ֪¼Լʲô£Ҳֶ뿪֮󣬲˵½ڣ֮ǰħʱĲǹġ
ʦʦҲֻѦ޵½ʦܹܺõض̣ʲô̵ľˮƽŶܳ˵
ʱѦ޵½ڣѦ޵½Լţƣţơ
ֲ֪רģǱߵһϽڣҪ棬ȫǺö
λϽڵֳʼǡҲ֪ΪʲôƫƫҪ㡣
¼һ˵ţһ߻Լ䣬ȻóһʼǱȽϾɣС
ܳɣ㻹ǱߵϽڣйӴ𣿡¼䲻ʡ
ܳҡͷûа½ڣλڸҵģ𣿡
׻˵ԼĶã⻪ҽԺԼһ˶ûУôͻ˸ԼͱʼǱأⲻǿЦô
Ȼˣλ͸ģҲܸ㽲ˣֻҪѶͺáһλҽƵϽڡ
ԭҲ֪ûȥ֮󣬹ƾˡ¼˵
ðɣллܳɵ˵ͷȻӹ
濴˿¼ڣֳ¼ڣûνĲϲ飬ٺͳ¼ڵл뿪˾Ƶꡣ
صᣬͷܳɿһѱʼǱʣʼǱаģ
¼˵ǻһλϽ͸ҵģҶĪܳҲǲ⣬Ȼ˵һȥ򿪿


ʮ ռǱ
ʼǱ٣鷿Ѿǹúˣܳ˳µػ뵽˰еĹ뷿
鷿һ׳ĻӣùܳɺͰŶ
΢бţܳʼǱ
ߴ٣򿪿
ȻܳɺͰͷ֣ʼǱϵݣǼΪӲ˵ҽҽƱʼǣ棬עֵķӡ
ֻǺܿϧܳɶԴһϲͨ
ΪٴҽѧѧܳѧҽѧҲֻǳֹδ롣Ҳˡ
ݣǿζüҲûʲôĵطܳɣλϽڣЩʲô
ܳҡҡͷȻͷ֣һһıʼǱ滹һţдš
ݣǱȽճģܳ밲֮󣬶Ƕһۡ
˲临˵ܳɣҽǼٵôϽԼĶӶˣҴô꣬ѧʮ꣬ȴҪˡ
ݣʵȽϼ򵥣ġ
ǣһλҽԺϽڣѾݣĶӱǽҽУʮ꣬ȴԼҽżûȥ
ټϣڿҽҽԽԽ٣ҽƵĲ˼٣õѧϰԴҲ𽥲λϽڵĶӣ;תսҽϿơ
ݱʼǣλϽڣϣܹһһѪͶɵҽƱʼǣΪܳɴһѧϰͶ״
ȻǱȣλϽھãĿǰڹַλϵ裬Ź΢ܹ֣ܿȥҽϿҹ
£ܳĵһ
ܳģĹУҲǸŲٵҽѧϰٵĶģֻǣѧʲôģһʴˣδ
ܳɰźϸǶϣÿһҽѧѧѾҲ֪ҽѧϰʹУжôѣҲ˵ڵĺܶҩ֮ҩЧﲻдΪû˺ҩ
Ҳû취ڹŴعϡʷϵ۷ʱ˿һڣô˿ڣֻǿҰҩӦ
ǵǼΪĻ£ܹ
ܳɶҽû˽⣬ҲУֻͨԼ֪ĶȥƲ⡣
ôλҽôôʡ
ʵϣܳյģϾλ˵ôС
ܳҡͷӦ˵գҺλʦǴвͬѧϰִҽѧĻǿ໥֣̽˵˭ѧ˭
вͬʱԶԷѧ˽ⲻûνĸߵ͹֮֡
ҿɲѧϵһЩҽ˵ģҽͻִҽѧ߶˵ǳ໥ְ̽ɡ
ִҽѧҽЧܳɴûôΪ
ǣҪ˵ҽıִҽѧ߶ˣܳҲôΪ
治澭ûѨĴڣܳԼۣʵǳֻ̬ȵģϾִҽѧѾκһطȥãµ
ĴѨĻô޴ӽ͡
Ǿѧ˵ǼٵģһЩҽҲܹͨ༲ϣҲִҽѧ޷ܺý͵ġ
ִҽѧִҽѧ֮Ҳˡ
ʵܳһ˵ǣȥϵϵһЩ²⣬Ǿ֫֫˵ˣҽҪô
ǲûҲͲܿˡ
ûͷĲˣǲǾͲˣ
˺󣬰̺ƤµĲˣǲǾû취ˡ
˵ͬ˵ִҽѧû˾Ͳῴͬ˵ǡʵҽҲãִҽѧҲãκ£ܿġ
ֻ׼ȷʲһѡ
ôأʡ
¼ڼȻңӦжҽϵʽ䣬ͨ绰ѽ
Ŵ㴫飬Ȼ⾳ǵ绰㰡ܳɻ˵
ͨѶʽֻǴͨѶĹߣͺñȣκǼ鼲ĸһ˵ʹùߵˣ͸
ŶһΪҲءͷ

Ȼܳɾͨ˳¼ڣҪλҽϵʽ
ܳɲͨ˹ȥԱԼ֮󣬶ԷһĻǾִٲҽ˼ûи鷳ɣ
ʦԽСܡܳæء
û鷳أֻǾø̿֡ʦǶдҾԼ𡣡ܳء
˵ʵܹܳͨЩҽռǵıʼԼϽڵ·񣬾ܲµԷһܺãԼִҽˡ
ҽǧô˵ҪҲФԲҸһ棬ϣܹҽֽһʱ䡣
ϣܹǹҵĴͳҽѧ뵽ĿǰҽƻȥҲ֪ͳҽѧʵҲҽѧ⣬ִҽѧ಻֮
ҪЩ屦ͱ˳Ӧʱƣҽϣضʱ任֮˵ҾãͳҽѧḶ̌ҲݶǱҪȥҽ˵䣬ʹһֲͬѰʡ
ܳӽţӻóλҽ϶˵ĲФӣǶڵĿ֮
ܳɾæصʦʵĻҾҺľ磬ȫͬһΣҸݷ໥̵ֽġ
ֻǶʦҲ֪ڳУһʱ鲻ʦĻڵҽԺҲҽҽԺʦܳչӦҲǷġ
ܳɸûʸȥͶԷĶҽʲôҽٵʲôʸͲԶģ棬㹻ʱ䣬ȥӴںŹϵҽѧ
ǣ֮ǰ֮ܳԴδŶȥΪʱһֱ졣
ҽѧϰߣִҽѧҿܻɳʲģһӿܶż֮⣬ûкõʦ̣벻ȥ
ܳûա
ȻҪԭ򣬻ܳɾãԼִҽѧ·ϣǰߣҲǼΪ顣
ϾҽѧĿ궼βˣûĿϵĲ졣
ʦ˵ҽٵ⣬ǲʵ⣬ҽǲֻ費Ҫִҽѧĺ׼ȥ⣬̫ӡ
ҽߣȻǷġҪҲĿǰڹڣԴ˵ĹַλȽӣҿ֮󣬾ÿԺҲѧһЩ
ҽʱЩˣҵٹգУ㿴ʱ㷽㲻ҪܳѧǴܳɵġ
֪ܳںæܳ飬ܸ߶ˣǳ鲻գֵ̽ģǶǻǾôˣ뿴ܳɵҽĴ˸λִҽѧʲôһĵط
˵ҲǾÿЦĿǰ󲿷ֵҽβ϶ִҽѧĲȻԲʵѾΥĳԡ
ǣҲִ֪ҽѧı׼ϱ׼ִܷҽѧķչٴʵô꣬׼ҲǾסʱĿ顣
Ҳ˵ӣ١ڴͳҽѧһֱδ֮£ִҽѧѾ͵˼ͲΡ
Ƕϣ꣬һִҽѧҪͷ
ʦǾˡ֮ʱҴ绰⣬ʦϽڵЩʼǣܲȽѧϰһʱ䣬ȼ£һԲ𻵡ܳ˻ص
˿ܳɵԱߣЦţƺΪܳɿĵӡϸضܳɿЦЦű
ҽǸ¾ͺˡ˵

Ҷ˵绰󣬰̲סˣܳɣҪôҽʦ𣿡
˵ݻͲĲɷʽ
ֹǽţЩ֪̿𣿡ܳɵء
ҪǴ̵úգһ̲ã˶ʦĴ׷󰡡ܳɾԼѹɽ
ҪȥȥΪһҽоҽܳɾǲܵģԼûôʱ䡣
ңͲϵģϵĴ񣬾Ͳе
˲ͰѲɷõĶ˻
ܳɽе̵úãȻǽԴϲ̲ãǾͣ
ôܾأʡ
Ȼѹ󣬿ֱӾܾ˰Ѷȥͺˣֲ˵ҪѧͱҪա
ϣܹ໥ѧϰٽһġܳЦ˵
ǵģܳɵĹַλ¶壬Ҳֻ¶ѣѵ¶֮ϣ޾Ŀô
϶ǲܵġ
һǰ缶ڣȻʲôϡϡˣƽƽ棬ȱࡣ
ҽѧһźѵģܸزҷϡǰѧơ
е̰Ŀ
ҲǣҪ׷ģǲ̰ͣġ̰ġ̰ġʾ֧ܳɵ뷨
СҽԼıְܹͨҽƼṩͨˣǵһ׷顣
һЩģǻ᲻ϵ׷ҼϽȻͣѧϰṩõҽƼˡ
һЩˣȻЯƶҽѧչ񣬺ʹĿģѧƵķչȥΪһҽġ
ҪһСˣҽѧ磬ϵΪıд壬ػǧڹȡ
⣬ܳҪ飬ãԼǳеƶҽѧչһЩˣҽѧǰһСˡ
ڼôܳתͷЦЦʡ
ޡǸӴѪ
ɫԺ󣬵Ҳûӱܣⲻڲرۣ͸֧Լ£ʵΪҽѧչ㹱ס
ʵֹ̣ǿ϶֧ġֻСצӣ൱ɰ
ܳ̾һû˵ʲô
ԭԼһϣҽѧеСȻģ󣬾һߵڣȻԼڣȥ顣
ѾԼϲ档
ȻܳɣҲǱȽߵģӿ磬۽硢Ƕȣӣǰ˺ܶࡣ
Ӧ˵Լǿʼˡ
ǣԼѾ㹻͵Щ飬ҲͲв֪ô
첻ҲѧϰɣҪ͵ӣܳɽŻһת顣
֮ǰһڳУһħֻܿƵ˼
񣬲죬ȻǿԽʡܶʱ䣬һӻ࣬ܳе㲻ϰߡ
ʵڵʱѾˣӽʮһӡ
ĩһµ³ĩ졣
ŹֵģҲûܾõѽ
ӵĻԼͲ̫ˣûܳǱߣеӿԿ
û̡
˾ȥ˸ڣܳɵķӣɳϣܳɴ˵ӣһºܻĵӾ磬˼ȴȫڵϡ
Ҳˣ˫ĵţ𽺵Ь
һܳɺȻѰ§˹ӽӲһ£Ҳûܾ
ǰħʱ򣬻ò⣬ɺþûͻú롣
ֹһܳȥϴˣڿǽšԥһŵܻԼķ֮ǰܳùȥ˯˹ˡ
룬ţû̴
ʮϴ裬ܳѾȥԼķ䣬ƹš
ܳһۣͨͨţܳɵſڴ˿ͷȻ󱳿ţڴڵغš
ֻǣϾ͸оˣţһԼĺ󱳸˿æ˴ȥ
Ҫ˫Ŀŵؿܳɡ
Ǳ߿յЧáܳ㬵ӣһŵɣȻ㲻ҪŸˡ
⻰һ𴲡
˵õĲˣåġӽӲš
Һˡ
ǲˣ
á
Ҳٺˡ
á



ʮ 
ܳɺܿͺˣΪͬһֻСèƵģ˯ˣȴǾٱ
Ϊǰ˯ŵģû뵽ⷴǺԼ
Ϊһĸ̥˶ʮˣⳡ˭ס
˺ܾãûãܳ˺ֿܶܣջûġ

ա
ܳ˴Ȼ˯˲Сʱ֪ܳԼܾ񣬱úú÷йһ£ûнаԼȥҶȦܲʱʮϣƽʱ˫
ſʼؽڣѻһߣһ߸绰
֮ǰ͸绰ܲû
ҵȻʱܳ͡˵
ȥܲΪʲôأ΢ЩԹ˿̣Ѿڼ￪ʼæϴ
ĩʱ⣬Ǻģ˯˯ߵ࣬˯һСʱ
ܳɹһĭͣҪ㣬ˡ
СӰڲսҵļް
ܳɺҪĺİ˵þ͵ðҴææ¾͵ˣܲ˶ˡ
ߺߡЦһ䡣
ģûɲ˵
ʲô˼ѽܳĵĻ
ûûСæģ֪ǲ㼤ġʫǸǣ߮ɸݵģ̫
֮ǰ˵һ㵽ва
Ǻϲˡ
ʫҲǵģҲ˵ʱˣڼǰԼһЩ滮
ҪţۡϽѻ𴦣ȻվҴ˻ױ̨Լĸɹó
˵Ҫţô̫÷ɹƤѿߺڼȣ顣
ܳҲûȥֻǾˣ˵ҪôңҪôͰ͵

磬ŵһʮΪԼܹܳĩС磬ȥһ֣̲衢ӰԱ׻İһгŵ׼ˡ
ͷ֣ǲˡ
Լ鷿űڱʼǱдһţһȺ˼ңúùԼĩҪܳɽȥѧ۸
ҪҪһĩˣ
ʵܳƽʱæеĵڶ찡Լڵ£ܳڵĹǿҲ¡
壬ǹʱ䡣ҵϴүǣ
˶Լİ˿̿ûЩǺõĳƺ
ʮӣҲֻ̾һȻԼıʼǱԣԼڼе¿Ŀƻ
ͺŬİֻܱȼӰࡣ
ܳȥƵĳ⳵󣬸оԼ˶ˣָоеʧ䡣ɣԼվһˣͨòͨ
ģҪ֮ʱܡ
ڣ¼ڵ˵绰ʱܳɲȥ԰
죬˯±͸ˬټӾԼĻ˻
Լǵñ404
£ҶԱߣ¼ڵ齵ľƵܳɻǸϢȥοһȥְɡ
ʧˣеҹһСԽ֣ĺóԵСԣرࡣ
áһϢ
Ȼö־ʵҲܳҲû취λıڵϣܹܳ΢ͨƽһ

һС͵ĻŲٵˣҲһЩİˡ
Ϊʫ£߮ľҲΪ߮ԱߣոеĶ֡٣ںһȺϲЦտĴк
߮ںһЩС˵Щʲô
ܳɵĵ붡ֶ˸æ֣ܳͬʱ߮ҲָܳɣڶԼȦ˵Щʲô
ʦʦʦʦܳɸϽȥкʦһ󴮡
˶ǲʶģֻڶֵ˵ĽУһ˵ˣ֮ܳǰħԺйӴ
ɽѧҽԺ̻νںͺЭҽԺƵ־ڣˣȻģħԺƵһڣɽҽԺҲнڹ
ȻʡİнĸҽԺҲλڣԶڶļдѧҽԺҽԺĽڣҲ
е࣬ǹǿƵĽھʮѧĽڣҲжʮ
ǻԼѧ棬ܹǰλģֻܳɺ߮磬һڻҵĺ棬վŻԼϵС
ͬʱܳɻеһҽԺŽΣԼǱ߹ǿƵĴΣҲǻ쵽˵ڶŵı߱ϣΧڽ̸Ц
ȷе࣬Կ̸ЦڣǺܶࡣ
εĻ飬ǳеһҽԺģˣҽҽԺĴͲеһҽԺǿƵȫֻǴƵλˣ˵Żǵţһλá
ܿ죬ʽʼˡ
ȻٽΪѧϯ˻˵һѻӭĻ
ֽڣ߮磬йǿƵˣϯ̨ϣpptҳϣӡŻѧǻ϶۲ıĿ
Ĵ飬ֱӿʼ⣬Ҫúõĥһ֮󣬲ܹչ
Ȼʵ֮ǰѾ˿ļƻ飬Ҫ˽һ£һĿʽ
ٽ֮Ȼڵ߮磬ŲŲæؿʼ˿Ľ⡣
ԴĿǰĿ͹֤֧֡ʵ滮̡ĿǰԴȻǿ廮֣ͬķֲȥ⡣
̣֮ǰܳɾͺ߮۹ܳɾԼǸûҪġ
ʵҲãԼˣÿԶһ㡣
߮ĵ⣬Сʱǿеݣݿ̰壬ûʲôȤζԡ
ǣ̨µˣܳڣú棬ΪЩʱ߮Ĵ£һ˽
Щ˽ܳҲǳ׷ģ⽻߮磬Ȼǿס
ǣ߮ڽ֮󣬰ĩβҳ棬ҲӡPPTϣдš
ˣܳɡ
ƻ飺ܳɡ
еߣܳɡ߮硢١
һĽڡ
֣ܳԡ˶˼
ͬʱ̨µܳɣǷ˷ۣǣ߮绹˵ʵҪߣҵͬѧԺҲҵͬܳɡֻǸ򹤵ġ
ܳɣΪǽһֵݰɡ߮һ߽һ´һµPPTݡ
дʿоƻ븽ӦÿϹ滮ǰ
ܳ⻰̵Ŀɿڴ߮ʲô
ʲôûǰֱ̨ȥΣⲻں
㲻д֣Ҳôʱ񰡣
ܳЩ⣬ƺֵˣڿȴ̨ܳӡ
ܳԵ̻νڶתͷСܣŸʲôȥ
̨£һƬƺڴߴ̨ܳ
ܳɵͷƤ΢е㷢飬һ߹򶨵̨ߣһ߮磬вĿͶȥҵţ
ԼĸԾôύԿе߮أ
ܹ;Լҵ鷳˿⡣
߮ȴв֮⣬һ㶼ģֻǶЦƺӡ
ܳɾ˽̨ϣ˻ͲǰĻͲȻ˿̨ϵpptҳ棬Ļϣʾȫһ
ڶPPTҳ棬һƬհ׵ģбע
˲䣬ܳɾ߮⣬ɨһ߮磬Ȼڵλʦλͬѧá
ʵѾ˷㣬ҲʱҵľͲʱ䣬ҽӵҪ̨ϢҲǺʹͬʱģûǰκεԤ
浢һӵʱ䡣
˵ţܳɾ͵㿪˵ڶҳҳ档
Ļϣһհ׵ҳ棬ҳ棬˶һ
ܳɵĻ͵ˣʵǳλʦ۳ͶٵǰУܳʵڸλʦֻһѧ
Ϊѧʦǰָ̣Ҫһлʦġƽ洦ɼĲҶ̫̾ף黭̫ţΪҽѧҵߣһǹǿҽ͸ְݶȻͶãе̫⡣
ԣϸ˼ãţΪѧ͸ʦǵһݴѧȽ͵ݴհ׵ҳ档
˿һŰ׾һȾֻϣľʦǣҪƽϣܹݴϣԲָ̡
ܳɵĻˣ߮磬Ǻ⡣
ٺͶֶЩɵˣGǰܳɣǲǸҪģʵӦÿ⣬һûƾʦȡá
ҳ棬ûֱ־λʦд
˼ǣȻĿǰ⣬λǣֿǱע˺棬Ժ󰡣ǸĿ⣬ǱȻǰġ
ǱǰУҪʵĻϣٸһǺܼ򵥵顣
˵Щʲô
ǣƺϸúĥܳɵĻͻ֣ᷢܳɽݣ˿׼Ķ
ܲϽллλʦܳɻϣһСȻؾһ
ͲŸλʦľͲʱˡٴллλʦ
ܳٴξһ
⻰൱Ưˣȱ߮Ҫȥľϲͬʱһָӿķʽ˵ģ
ǵģܳĶֻһ⣬һݴ
ȫλɷӣʵֻһṩλʦˣϣλʦѲοдȥ
ʲô
ǱȽϸ߼ڮٺǫ
ѻʿһԵĻôܳģǰ֮ǰĴ𰸶˺ˣȻ°һոµĴ
˵ֻһӡˡ
൱ھֻһ˹
˵Ȼ൱˰
ǣȻҲ֪ܹܳݴᵽǰ֮ǰⶨĲο𰸶˺˵Եʡ
ûݴôǾֻȥ֮ǰĴ𰸺Ͳο𰸣Ļᡭ
̨£־¼ϵúܿ⻰֮󰡣ЦҡҡͷܳɣѾǿʼĦķ濿£ˣѾھϣе㶫˰
ȷһμʱ̫һ
Ȼͬǲͬ˵˼ͽߵķӦȫͬе˼¼ڵĿ⣬䡣
ܳɺܶΣÿһμ棬ܳɶܸϲ𽥳ɳݣó¼оóȥ껹ҪȨСҽѾɳо㹻ķ൱˼ˡ
ﵽܸˮƽﵽܸˮƽ¡
̵̣ˣټ
һĳɳֻ̣ܳɵĳɳٶȣ൱졣
ôҲ֪ڣġǸܳɴ򹤣Ҳ־ЦվȻųԷȥ
ҲǷ׷ϯҪԵġ
߮ǲϵ߽ܳɣٴͨǺǿ
ܳؿ˿߮磬ʽ˵߮磬ǲĹ뺦ңЦǰɣ
ǰͨʱ̨ǼΪΣյ鰡
ҡ߮ҡͷ
Ƕں׽ôŵģ˵һӰܹ㣬ôڶһܵеĻ֮ǰƵĻܲ
ϾʦԺԵһʱڱ˵ǰ棬ĻĿ߮ϾͰѶֺˡ
ʱ߹˵ܳɣľַش֮ʱʵǺܱҪġ
׽ڡٲ߮磬ܳɿɲҶЦЦ
ǶҽѧǰҪ𾴣ֻǣܳһݡ
һ׽붴ǳܼܾе֮ʳ˼ˣĽڣδؾͻȱ⡣
ֱͿ⵱Ƹ߶ˣ
ҲĻο⣬˵δ⣬ʹ󷽷˵һ¡
ٺͶʵ뷨ôܳɾ;ãٽڣ˼άҲ΢һˡȻĻϴѧҽԺĹǿƣҪѸ٣׷ҽԺҲǼ֮¡


ʮ 뽻
ôһĿ⣬ܾһʱ䣬Ͱеϸڶ䣬ֻ߮ǰѽṹʹܹ嵽ϸ񻮷֣Ƶϸ̽һڡ
绹л飬ﱸйأܳɲμӣ֮ǰ߮Լˡ
緹ʱܳɾȥҵ˳¼־ڵ
˱Ǿʶѡ˵㶫עͲҪԵĶϡڽ̸ʲô
ܳɿ󣬳¼ظܳÿ˵λãڳ¼бɽͿЦ˵ĻСˡ
־һ˫أΪΪ֪࣬ܳЩʲôˣãڣίԱᣬ֮ԻᰲôУɲֻܳڸĿ⣬ǻ۵Ŀ⣬ӰشԶ
֧ίԱỨôô֧ԮܳɵԭҲֹ֮ǰй΢ľ飬һ˵ܰͨ˸ŵĺպս
ʦҪһ³ĻֱӶ֣ͱڿˡܳɰԼĲ΢һ£ҲЦŻ˵
־ǳ¼䣬ʵĹˡ
֮ǰܹ֮˳µذ΢ȥΪЩ˵ͦǩ֣ʽȨ
־ҿɲҴ㰡½ڣҪ֤⻰ɲ˵ġ
ЦЦҪ˭һܳ´οЦʱô˵һ䣬пܱ˵Цһٵġ
ܳ˵ʦʦϴħҴһ棬Ҷûüúõظǵлöλʦ˳Уѧһúõؾһ֮ꡣ
־ԣϽ֣͸¶Ӿ֮ɫСܣǧϴεˡϴε鰡¡
־ɻǵðһˣȥܳΪ˰ܳɵĿƵģţϾ˰иǮûЩࡣ
¼ɫҲ΢е㲻̫ÿ˿ˣСܣϴȨ飬ȷǲˡѾΪ˸˱ȽϲʹĴˡ
ʵǾһӡҲһ
ܳĲ⣬еȡ
־͸Ͻ˵ô˵ˣܳɣ㵱ʱ⣬ʽȨʱһǳؼʱڡǸʱ㣬һЩĹĻȣں͹̽һЩ顣
̽ڵĿмҽѧѧϵˣǱûϵǱϵҲһˣвЩԺУ֪רҺͽڡ
̫ˡãֵסջ󣬵ȻҲǰС㰡ĶջӰܴ󡣡
ĿңһЩûôҪģǱܾˣӰΪģơ־Դ˼ɻĪ
ܳɻǲ⣬ȳ¼˵ԭϴȨʱǬݹ˾˽ϵˣֻҪܳɵͣÿ˸
üʮء
֪Ǭݹ˾ԼһЩʿǷǷʺϹ̽ҵһЩҪԱ֮γ˶ע
漰ܹ㣬ֻܳһСȦӣһȦӣ֮£˵˼࣬ǲûб㲼˽ﴦˡ
߲൱ջΥ棬ֱǷʤ
ܳһ˶΢еˣʣЩʦδģ
ϾûӰ쵽ҽ֮Ĺϵְְ쿴ԹۺЧҪٽһܡ
ѧԺѧѧԺǼûԵˡ־ֻ赭дô˵һ䡣
ͷʵ󣬵ҲС
һλѾ˽λõ˶ԣͨĻư֮ʵ׷Ѿ̫ǸطǱ׷
ϾѧȦʵ
ֳͷҲܲν
һУȴܳȫ֪£ġ
˵Щ־ֻܾ⣬̫УԱæƿ⵽
½ڣڣ󻷾ô
רҵо·ߣǹʮǰѾʼʵʩ·ӣҹͿʼ˴ơ·ߡ
£Ǽ»ǲǺ£־ʳ¼䣬ϢϢص⡣
Ĳ㼶еߣܳɱֻϸԷһԹߡ
ܳʵͨ磬Ҳ֪ҽԺûйôӵĿһ֣ȻǰҲС
Ǳרƻֻ֣ǼĻʲôġƽĻ֣Ǳȹڸϸ¡
˵һӾֻŹؽûһӾֻϥؽûеˣֻҪϥؽھ
¼۾Ҳ֪ʱ˵
Ҫȫƶȿ£һһвۺʵҲвࡣ
˼Ϊҽˮƽ⣬ʵμˮƽǹѾ͹൱ˡǹƶȣʱ£ѾΪ˰
ͥҽԤԼƶȣй˽ҽԺķּҲǸġڵĻһҪҪʱûߵõΡ
ӽı˿ڻ£ܲãҾѶȲС϶Ҫõķչ
ҸΪĵǣҽҵһʼҹҩڵĻôߵҽˮƽܻ»¼˵
һЩҩҩЧ൱Ƕá
һЩΪӵĲϣڵҩǱȹڵЧãǿ͹ʵ
ҽѧϡеҩĲģʱĹͻ
ûЩ͹֧ţǱɸΪ֮ؽھؽھûˣô΢أ
⣬٣طҲ١־˵ʱ򣬿ܳһۡ
ʼٸء
㲻ܳɵĵģҲ֮һ
ʱıʾѹȣû棬˿϶Ȿ׬ߺȡĿǰҽҩҵĹ˾еţһЩе˾Ҳг൱ҡݬ롣
ҾðɣܻܹҵʵƷڱҪһЩѡǾǵҪˣǷѴĲֵ⡣־һѪطš
ô˵أʵǳ
ˣôϣ϶½ʤڱˡҪ˵õķģһҪʵݣǼܵ飡
ҩƷеĳ̣˼Ҳɰ
ǷѶȵĲֵĻôߴɹ·ߣ϶û취Ҫġ
ϲٴ֮䣬˿֮ء
Ӵ˿ڻ֮£ŵ˵ÿһӣÿһӣӴֵҲΪصļ
ӸزȥЩ֢ĲˣòҲҽҽԺ˵ģ
⣬ôؼ
Ǿ仰ɸΪ֮
˵ף࣬ǹߵߣøǻȥһøãһӵıʣһ
־󽲵úޣΪͬ㼶ĳ¼Ȼ־˼ԲҪֲ㰡󲻶Ϸֲ㣬ҲҪзֲ㡣
ҪһˣȥڣҲҪһˣĿ⼯֢֮¼űӣп
һ仰˴ġ
βֻβ飬ҽԺĲˣת˾͡ȥλҪĲˡ
˵ţʵҽԺڲʱҲǿôһ¡
ֻǣÿҽԺľﻼ߸Ӵ⣬Ǻѵ⡣
ԤԼƶͥҽѯƶȣʵһ̶ϵ˵ã˼ҵƣÿһ㡣
ڵĹڣҽԺԼҽԺļ󲿷ֶϵļͨļﷶ롣
֢⣬Ҳˡ
ʵҲ⣬߱Ͼҽһ˹ۻС˺ˣ͸о飬ҪΪ֮ż
ҽԺʱ򣬽֫ĻߣܱסµľҽԺû취Ĳˡ̨ϲ˵Ĳˡ
ߵƽ֪ĿǰȽϹؼĵ㡣
κһУçײȥǲȡġϰ£ǿҾһˣٷƢѵġ
Ƶˣһβ׻ߵļסˡ
¼Ҳûȥ˵ǵҲкüˣв㣬ʱû˵ġڻ˾
¼˵⣬ҡҡͷͬǵͷӸأҲкܴġ
ͱ˵ͬˣȥͬ޲ͬˣвû
ٷ֮ʮʣƽ׼ʵ֮ǰҽԺѾ½˰ٷ֮ʮ
ܳţĴ
¼־ˣҲǸʮָߵˣֻƽʱٴ飬һЩΪ߶˵⣬е̸¡
ܳڻܹóеεġ
Ȼ󣬳¼־ˣƵķʽ̽áʮ֮˲ֹƵĻ⡣
ÿվλòһĽǶȣ϶Ҳвͬ
¼ȻʣСܣһ۵Ŀ⣬룬㵽ôأǲʲôõĶ᲻ó
ǳ¼ʮɻ⣬飬ܳɾȻ÷ţ
ܳҡҡͷʦҪģǳֺõģʲôõĶŶ
ʲôأ㵹˵¼ܺʡ
½ڣ㻹ǲǵãǴѧĹǿƣһѧڣ֮ǰ̽һ󣬾Խѧ⣬Ϊ롣ܳҲûȷ˵Լڸ
߮ѣŮѣԽǿ϶Լ
Ǻͳ¼ǣͲôֱˡ
¼䡰˻һ־ü
ȫĽںܶ࣬ǴƣƽڼȫǧߵرģܶϤ
ѧ£ǵģƺܿҪ˶ʿʦˣǸÿһ½ѧ顣¼ΪܳΪԼְ׼
ԣͰۣҿ˳ȥ
Ҳ⣬˲Ϊ
ܳܲһӶסԺҽʦ죬ܵٴԼڣȻܹվǵƽ档
˵ţֶ˹½ڣڣ˵λҪ˶ʿʦˣ
ͬʱ̧ͷȻͿ˹ֶλϵһλܳɵĶ
ڣ
ڡ
ʦܳ˷ֱһ
־͹ֶھģúܣ˭С£ֱӸһ˶˵ȥɣ
Ŷ˵СܰһΪǽǳѧءһΪѧʲô飬ءֶİԡ
ںͳѧںϤ־ʡ
ϤǿҵһϤ껹һܣǲʶɡֶЦЦЩΡ
ܳ䣬ǰ԰
Ϊʲôܣѧ־ˣλϣܴܵģ˹֡
Ϊѧ֮ǰѧһѧҽԺ˶ʿоеġ¼ȡˡ
أλѧƶû顣ѧ֮ǰҽԺλʦǮûѧȥˡ
Ǵѧĳѧ֪龭֮òûҽԺλڸˡֶ˵Żͷ
ܳ⣬ͻȻӦ˹ֶ˵ѧƣǸô
ܳɱʵʦѧ֮ǰǸ˭ļܣ
ȻʵҲдܣǵı򡣲ȻʱΣ½Ѿǽˣܻڣܻ֣ҲǱȽϿֶЦЦ
Ȼ
ˣܳɸ졣
ǵħμȫǿʱ򣬾ǲȻȥѧҽԺǼʶǷǳŵһˡ
ǸƣǲȻѧ
˵Ҫ˵Ļܳǿ϶ԼһʱġܳɼƽţȻ绰ʡ
Žһ㣬ǲȻӣܳɵﻹǺصģٱѦ޵ıʦҪصöࡣ
֪֮



ʮ Ҫ
СĲλô¼գְѻصܳϡ
½ڣĻ飬һǾͲμ˰ɣεĿ⣬ҪʦǵһҲǴոѡܳƶ󻷾£ѽѧøãǺҪ顣
ֶѻ˹ȥ֪ܳʲôԪƽרܳɶģ½ڣСܶûأСˣӦöߡ
ʱСܵʦ⽻ҶúõذѸˡֶЦ
⣬¼ʾϿɣڣô˵ο֣СҲûɣ
ֶ֪ܳڰԼæ͸Ͻ߮ˣ½ڣ߮ѾŮˣڡ
ҽ˵΢ģҲŲԵôģԳ¼Ҳûȥ
ֻ߮߸ݣһή˵е񡣡

ܳ뿪ǰֶҵܳɣ˵СܰһȻԼҪ߻Ҫһµġ
ôΪʵĿҲȫ˦ƹ񡣡
ʦʦģ˻ҪԼĸ˽ȦĺܺõԼĻᡣ
ܳɾ͸Ͻ˵ʦİɣпˣҪʱ򣬿϶ָӺͰŵģǹʦӦҲ֪Ŀǰ׼ǣôȥ̿Ŀ顣
·ݣһʵϰٴ·ݵʱһߵרԺУ棬ְȥһſΣһ¡
ѧǴ£һһߵĴ飬ԸżãЧҲҪ
һһߵø̤ʵ㣬Ѽ򣬶ץ
ֶҲͲ˵ʲôˣܳڵĹ滮£ʵи˵Ԥ棬֮ǰͨ绰ʱ򣬹ֶѾ֪ܳɵ뷨
ϧܳɲȫȻĻÿһ棬ܸ͸á
ܳţĿǰԣѾǲ֮ǰھѧҽԺ½ǬݲˣԺܲܳ½Ǭڵĸ߶ȣ治˵
ֻҪܹﵽ½Ǭͬĸ߶ȣѾҽѧ֮¡
Ͼ½Ǭݵĸ˶ԹԻ̬ȣĹ˾ΪܶΣҪĲ˶ԣǾһ󹦵¡
֮һϲѿ͹ת
ʦǺпˣپۡ
ˣʦڳаһƵŽΣǺ뷨ģʦȤĻ죬ܹ֪һЩʦȤ顣
֮ǰ˵ǸȻʦѧûȥŽġܳ˵
ֶ׼ͷˣ⻰תأ
Сʵ츳ҲԣϧѧޣŽΪΣҲû취סڻҽԺȥˡ
ϸ»˳нޣΪҽʦ飬СҽԺĿȥҽԺְ̨лȥˡܳɸпš
ֶһ̾һϧˡ
Ҳö˵ʲôѧˣǾиСԴɱջ˲ŵļʸ󡣵ҲǿȴΪԭòѧˣҲᱻʱľ֧顣
ʱҪǰߣҪ˸ԴĴۣϾڸĲ棬һٴҽѧƱҵıܸЩɶ
ڴǰһݾܳɣҲͨİ취ѧⲹˡ
ܳǼҾǺȫûǮ
ãҵʱζʡСܣȻȥɡֶͰܳɷſˡ

ܳɸϻʱְ鷿һ߿飬һ߿з棬һֻ͵ԶСƵġ
ܳɸϽȥʣԵô𷽱ˣ
һܳˣ͸ϽվȻ鷿ܳӪʣˣԵʳƷҷַʵҲ
ôͻˣ˵ܿῪ𣿡
ſܳӴ󺹣Ͻݹһëܳɲ
·ݵĳУͺһ¯ܳ³¥һ򣬺󱳾Ѿʪˡ
Ҫǹȥ¶棬ҲҪ£ҪļˣͻˡʦҲǿķƵģ߮Լ׽ǲÿչ
ҪҪһȥԵ㶫ѽܳһ߻أһ߽飬᲻ðз档
ҡҡͷҾԸһºܲˣһٳȥԷ֣ҵðѽȥ
˵ţ߽鷿ſʱͷܳһۣŲȻ߽
ܳɼ֣ҲͲٶ˵ʲô˼һȦǸƴ绰
ʵ˵ƵԼʦЩƣҷƿܱѡ
ǲ̶ѧԼйأܳɰæӦ
ƲǸ磬ܳɻû󷽵ֻҪѣͺԥسĳ̶ȣڵܳɣû취ʥˣԺҲС
벷ȻЩǧ˿ƵĹϵĻܳɻԸְæġ
һˣ㹻ҲҪһֵɣҲΪ˵һԡ
ʦ绰ͨһͷܿһˬʵó˿̵黹ȽϺá
ƣҽΣ˵ȥˣܳɹ֪ʡ
ţ֮ǰǰȥҽԺ߾ͣµĿΣֲ㣬Ҿͻһ£Ѿҵ˿֣ҲͿ˳µشְˡˡ
ְˣܳһ㶣СӺеëꡣ
ţʦ֮ǰΪǷһЩǮڻˣһЩڵҲãҺǰʦ󣬾ǻȥСõʱԼѧעˡ
ʦӦ֪ѧֻܱ꣬Ƴ꣬Ѿʦáɣ·һʯͷ˿
ܳ꣬Īӡ
֮ǰҲǹǺܺ簮ûôĺ֮ǣȥȻħʱҲ֧Ԯࡣ
ûм֧֣ҽѧǺѵǰߵġ
ǹϲ㰡һ׼绰ôءȥͦõġܳԹݶԷ˵
ƵȻǿǳеһҽԺһչ΢ģ츳û˵
ܳ˵ͼ棬ΪģԴ̣ܹġŽμȻȻո˵
ܹ֮ǰĸͼȥ׷ϽҲ󺣣ơ
ллİʦ
ʵģʦǰҲҴ绰ˣ˵ʡǱߣҲڿ;ӡҹȥ㣬ֱӻؾҲ̫á
ʦ֪ڳбȽ죬˵죬һһʦУҹ죬ֻСʱ򣬿϶ллʦƺܿ
ˣʦҪҴʲôزؾ볣УҲǺԶ
ܳ⻰ܿͲ׽˶󣬷˵ʦ϶ǹֶˡ
ΪȻھҪдһʱ䣬ð
ƣٳУȻŹֶڣܳһʡ
ʦҲʶ𣿡Ҳ֪ܳȥѧҽԺ벷ȻҲʶġ
⻹ǲȻģȻ˵õ£ȥܳɻһʱ䣬ȽϺãǲȻ˵̫Ƥˡ
һ£ҵȻȻʦ绰ֱ֮¡ðҺúһЩ顣ܳɸϽ˵
ʱܹѷΪġסĵطҲУ˵ʱԼסø
ʦ绰һͷԺܼ
Ȼģʲôٵġұ绰߰æֻΪ㱾Ҫȥûÿڡ
ҪУԾߺˡ⣬һԸһʦܣҾ϶йͬġܳ˵
˵ãƵʱкܶ๲ͬĻ⡣
ллʦϾܰ¶꣬ȻС

ʱˮܿ͵һ
ǿƶҽ칫
¬λϣֵĻʿҽ࣬˫Ŀضܳɵķ򿴣˼Ǹӣû˼˵Щʲô
ڡ
ֱװܳɣħսȻָԱȻκԼλڿս¬ΪΣӵλ
ˣϾ⼸λǴġ
ɽ죬¬ȴ֣ܳɾȻִһˣˣ֮ǰ۹ˡƣ
ƣ֮ǰ¬ǸɵģһͨĹ࣬ȻܹڳеһҽԺ̶̼ڣ׿ҽҽԺ΢¬Ǻܻŵġ
ǣܳɺ˳УǿңڳеĹ۲ˣȫȥеһҽԺ
ʱ¬ҪҽҽԺĿԵģڣԼЩŵˣȴûʵس˿վԼĽҡ
ţԼܣֻǸܳǼʶѧ
˵ȥ
󣬻ʿ¬򣬵˵ΣˣʲôҪ⽻ô
¬عȻϽ˵ȫΣͯΣһ£ǿҵۺǿÿ飬ӦָԱϣܹ£ٴѼ
ҪĵѧϰŬϺǿʦǣͬʱҪӴ㣬ȡŬذǵļǹ⣬һ˿ģȫѧ֡
⣬Ҫľҽưȫ⣬ǸŸλʦѧϰʱǿĹܴҽһҪ򣬰Ѳ˹ϸ£ܳ©κβˣܹɵ̨ܹɵԺ
ģʣ࿴̡
⣬ܳҽںκλˣ£鷳ǵĵط᲻ˡ¬ǿ׻
ܳ˶ûرȥҲ׷˵һ䣬Ҷ࣬ĻǿĹܴҽǡ
ʹ֮κŴŸԵ飬ʼ˲鷿֮ãҲһµĵڶգ³;
ܳɣǴŷٴ¬к󣬾͸ȥ
·ݵﰲţܳɻǱһֻκڵѡ
ͬʱڹǿؽƵΰ칫
ɽֺƵİѳ¼ڣ뵽Լ칫ңȻе½ڣǿҸֳ趼ΪϾɣңǵ¼ҽ϶ͳ½֮ǰˣкܴ졣
ϣ½ڶൣһ
¼˵ΣˡڿﰡֻǵعҸѣûر˼Ҫǹࡣ
ɽЦЦ¼һˮȻ½ڣǿҰ֮ǰ˺üָԱģǹǿƶܳɣСҽ
֪½ڶСҽʲôûУɽ׻׻ʡ
˼ǣ½ڣˣڴ󲿷ֵܳɸˣ֮ǰڿҲ˼ģҪԼĻǵЩ׼ˡ
ҶָԱ½֪ĻҽԺڣӦòԸ˰ɡ
ټϣ½ڣӻԶȴΪܳɴ򹤣ﲻ
¼ȴЦЦ˵ΣҾСͦõİʵʵ£Ҳ̰
ȥڵĿң˺Ϳˣĸй۶ѵСĿ
ɽԣһ籾ģ̫԰
Ͻҡͷٴ̽½ڣǻҽԺĽڣಡĽء
ɱСҽյʱҪֹ
һλڵķһλͨҽķȫͬ
ɽϣ¼ܹڳҽҽԺ£ȥܹǹܳɣ˳óҽҽԺĹǿƺ͹ؽƳ׵ȹǿƵһͷ
¼ɨ˹ɽһۣĻǹεŶӿҪˣҲҪúõذѿغҽ
ҶԹؽƣһϲͨİ¼ޱ˵
ԣɽɫһ½ڣʲô˼
½ڣЦ̫ǫˡɽʼ½ڣʱӲˣҿɾҪɵ˰
ǣһýڣָԱ̵סһܳɣͷҫʺ
ҵר鷿Щһ΢ҶԹؽƣ֪֮١ɽˣӦ֪İ¼ž޲
Ǻú飬Ϊǹ棬źúõĿⲻ
Ǵʱ㻹֪أڻҪڳҽҽԺ֤һ£
¼飬ʱΣʱ㣬ҪĬĬ̤̤ʵʵһ޹أǮ޹صʵ£ܹҽѧչøá
ɽʼ׻ˣ罻֮󣬾ʹҴҵȥۈڵĿҰ칫
Ȼͷ֣ǿĲ˶ҽѧרƵΣҲѾǵˣһһЩҵĲΣҲд˱ɷ˵ɫ
ۈ˿ɫҲܽţЩڣҽԺҽԺﶼѾ˳ȥЩڸͲΪ˵ָԱָġ
ⲻǳ˵
ǣɶѿʲôģһҽǽڵıְɣΪǸ۵Ŀ⣬ܷ죿
Ժô죿һЩѾĽòЩڣһװ
ֻǰ֮ǰԼ˿ʼ²ۣۈ֮ǰѹԡ
˵ʲôڿ϶ǱȽϧģ֪ô˵ţ϶ҲסӣóֻҪֵģû뵽ǽһЩֲ
ȲҪţЩڻڿͻǶ롣ǻҪѿĲˣһһ׵ġۈȡ
ǣԺĻߣݶΪһ㰡ⲻúŪİɣһ˵
Ҳ취ڻʲô취ҽԺɳûǿκβ˵ԺҽƹϵԸģۈҲֻӲͷƤ˵
Ҳ˵ãÿԽ˻ᣬһҽԺ֮ǰһЩ⡣ۈû취ˣֻ˵˾ͺµĻ
һͫһ¶˼֮ɫ
⻰Ҳ˵ģ
ۈҪ


ʮ 
ҽҽԺ
ƺظܳɰҵŴˣһ߽һ˵ʦ롣ܷܲһ£ƽʱŵĲ֣־Ӷࣿ
һȥ󣬶࿴ⷽ顣ƱȽϿеʣѧϰ̬ȸƱܳɰ˰ͷƤܳɺã֮
칫ΪܳҽڸܳŸֿļ鵥ֽʣźһӣˮ
ؽһҽȻͿܳԱߵķƣͱе㽩ӲشŷƣһֱвľС
Ҳ΢еסܳˣѾһæʦ㣬ܳȴû˵ʦôÿ
ܿ죬ƾͻ͹񣺡ʦãҽзƣԺҲǸܳʦһ
µĶͣͣ˫Ǿ֮ɫ
ܳɣܳ˵£Ժ󰡣ͲøҿˣôһҽʦҽĻеί
öȥѧ㱾רҵڵ֪ʶɳ˭ķԸ˷ʱ䡣ȥ鷿ɣѧ㶫Ժĳɳ·ǼкôġܳȴݶԷܾ
µ˫֬Ŀ⸴ӵؿܳɡ
ܳɾͼ˵ؿȥɣҴ绰ǿҵΣҲһ绰ص飬˷ʱ䡣
úѧѾרҵϣԺҲܺų́
ܳɽ
Ƶҽǿҽʦʸ֤Ѿһλִҵҽʦרѧûõ֡
ıԲǸе̫ˣѧϰʻޣ˷ʱ䣬ĳɳʵǲġ
ϸ£ܳɳէҽԺİţһºܳȻҪع鱾λ
˵˳У»Լεܳɿɲ뿴ΪġСϷ룬ʲôᣬǿиϷ
ܳɺܹϵؾͰˡ
ԥ˺һίӯӯҪ޳һ㡣ǿӣϳԼңǱ˵ĳɫ࣬ѧϰģܳɵϣҽԺҽûеӰӣôõĻᡣ
һǸǵδ绰ɡܳưֻó
ߣҽ㲻ô绰ˡذֽʷ£ȻһԼչúõң棬˳ȥ
еģΪΪܳ˲ͬܳɶΪǵɫĹΪܳɵѧʶѧ
ҲԼܳĽ֮ģ뵥ѧʦ𾴣ǲ̫һġ
Ƽ״ΪԼĵ˻Сʣʦǲǲø
ҾҪһʲôģȥв˽ɡ
ﲡдרɣܳһϼҽʦƣʸԷ˵⻰
ϸ˼˼ӣ˵ͷܲȫҲһЩܻҪʦʱһ¡
ô˵ţǱȽϿҲȰԼ̬ŵͣҪѧЩΪǿҽܳɸУܶܳɲ˽⣬ƻȥܳɵɼ
ãЩСܳĿؿơ
óԼСر࣬ĿСӣʵײõᣬҲŪչʾԼ˼
ܳɻ֪Էû̽ԼʵĴ㣬ܳѾ˷Ĵ㡣
ⷭ
ܿ죬ƾͰѵһˣ˽
һϣɳУĳƻͨ
һ϶û˯ã׼ȷ˵һ϶û˯
˿̣гȻ˿ϢİϣѳŸ򿪣˽ȥ󣬳
Լ֮󣬷˿˯ʣһǻûϴʹҴҸ˾ˣôҵ绰Ҫҹʲô
ɳϣ̵ٸպ𣬻³һ̣֮ǰͳƵģʡҽг˳ҩƷܹж֣ͳƳ𣿡
Щ㵣İٶ֣˾ˣ֮ǰѾĵ𣿡
Ϊ£ŰĻǾЩˣҪ֪첻УһȻҪϰ࣬ⲻô
ɷҲ֪ϲô֮ˡ
ЩίԱǱжԽӹѰҩôüͷ塣
Ҳ֪ʲôǷ꣬ĿǰҽгһֱڶŸ飬Ҫô˾ɼ۱̣ծۣҪôЩʵȽӲĹ˾Ʋ㡣
Ŀǰҽҩ˾Լĳڹг
ͻȻϹʱڣԹɳʱһɲСίԱ취ԽӺѰÿҲҪ¡
ɳвǷУپһ
ԣ˵ͷ֣ҲռҽԺҽҩϵͳҽϵͳݣȱģǿİеҩ
Ҳ֪Ŀǰ⶯صľǿҩгˣҪۣЩԸѡ𣡵ϵضϹӦ
šҲͷֹܵ΢еֻ࣬ҽҩһĵЩأŶѾߡ
˵ĿǰίԱᣬĵôĺϣܹվһרҺͽڣҩƷ»Ϲܱ֤ҽƷ⡣
ĿǰʡڸίԱԼҽԺرʾ꣬Σء֢ߵʣ3ٷֵ㡣ΪЩ硣
Ȼ󲹳䣺ܹͲŰٷ֮ʮͰٷ֮ŵİٷֵ㡣
ʣΣػߵĲô࣬ȽϺ⣬֢࣬ôǿĶô
ˣǽʲôʮʵİ
ҩ̫ˡֱӵؽ˱Ƚʵ⣬ȻҸݺϵͳ㱨ݣĿǰ˽ҩƷƵʼӣ֮ǰʮٷֵ㲻ֹ
Ϻݺݵش˴ͷ֮ǰ˵ģЩ˾νҩƷأǿô
ûٴҩ̣ðϾЩ˾ҲֻϸʵʲôЧ
Χֱƹ㣬һ⣬Ǻ룬û˸ôð
ֱ飬ٴ飬ʷѪܵĽѵûκ˸ҿԽһ뽲֤ݲС
˵⣬ֵ˾ˣ˵СĿǰίԱᣬΪҽơƵļƿﻮڽչˣ
ҡҡͷֲһʱܽģĲֻر츳ˣܹգ󲿷ֵˣҪʱۻƹҼЧ
ħسǵҽԴȽϷĵطѾ𽥼˵ҩӰ죬ɳУҲҪָ꣬ѹȥ
ίԱᣬʡǵרҹ뵽ؼУĿģΪԤαʵĳɹĿֻţҪҽƼ³ҼӴʡҽԺʽͶѵ
ʡҽѧǹڵĶһġվλñȽϸߣ˿ĽǶȾͱȽ롣
ʡмҽԺĸ³ؼȥΪǵҽƼˮƽһԭҽԴ³Ҳһԭ
Ҫ͸εԭ򣬾Ϊ˽͹ҽҩгԹɵĳ
ȻҲΪҽƵϵӾ׼
һֱʡڼҽصУص⣬Ҳһֱڽչ֮СҵǵĿǰΪֹûСܵʲôϢ
ĿǰһģҲϴѧҽԺǣͷġðϿܻûԼᵽʲôصݡ
С飬ΪӦԺһٴγֶǹҸΧļҩƷڷĻôҪȫͬķʽȥӦԡ
£ûйǱҪӣС飬ǺЩйءһЩѧߣһЩѧߣоģҲйء
£㲻ùܣҲʡ
˵⣬ܾԼĶе㳬٣Щǲ㷽ˣʺ֪ġ
СΪܳô죬һֱϺȻһѻתȥ
ݰ֪֮ܳǰħͽ˰ķ䣬һΣȥ˳оûԼķӣϣܳɣǰ˰ķȥ
ˡ
ʣ˾ˣղ˵С飬رҪʱǲе㲻ʣ
ң⹫м˾ǣǶСôСܶİ
Ҹ˵ĽǶȳСС൱СܵļҾǲЩƷŻԺܹѧ߶ȣСеˡ
Լãʵʵ˵ǻ͵͵ؿ˰һۣ°ϲá
Ͼ˵ʵģ
С߹ڳУСͬˡһ˵һڴԼĲӺͷȻͷҡڲӡ
С߸ף裬񶼲̫ÿڣҪҪһСңС߽һҪעðȫʩʱµģôҴææ׼˵úޣҲܿԼ
̾վŭ͹ȥСӸˣ
һȽϳȵķǰݺͰǵƢˣ
˵žҪߡ
ȥС߽ʮˣͷס˷
ģֵİײˣܱˣӶûô
ԣתһ
Ȼ㬵ӣӦ˹ŶԭǸԼƨɺСƨѾʮˣչŴⶼϹˡ
ѾǸļС٣ҲСŮѾǸˡ̸ۼޣӦ֮¡
֮ǰﻹвˣ޹׵顣
ҸովǣϽ֮ǰΪ˱ꡣ
ϾִˣǵС˵һ죬עһ£Ǽ顣
ұʱȥһ˵ģƢҾҲ׵˰ɣñү֪ˣ˵ҸС
˵ȥ˾ˡҿ϶

ҽҽԺ¥£ºίش¥ƺΪίӡ
ߵôæˤһϴµĴ㣬ס˵Сĵѽˤ˿ɲˡ
лл´˿ܸӣû̫˼ûֵĶԷ
û£ҪżٵҲôżġĸƵѽ·ʡ
ơʦңҪȥˡ¸Ͻ˵û̫˼밲ڴ˾Ƶġ
ҿģ֪318ô𣿡·ʡ
ԣ͵ؾһ£ϽתͷϸԷµһԼʤһʳȴ󷽣ۣ˿̵ɵúܴ󣬾Ź֣㣬ЦӯӯԼ
ȥǿƵ318ʲô·ʣ318ңճܳڵҡ
ʦǹ⿴ԼЦǣ
Ŷȥѣ˵318ҡ֪𣿡Цţĳ
ϻˣɨһ۰ְı˿ûлţĿƽƺ̽ļٻ
ңԷࡢʶΪҶԷźʹ󷽣¾Լѧõġ
ô
˵Ŀܾġ
ʦ¥˵ֱ֮ߣܵˡµ˵ͷ껰󣬱첽뿪ٶȱ֮ǰ죬Щ١
顣
ҲеԲλ࣬ΪԼɫģǣ˰ˣЩɫڱ档
뿪ıӰȻӿڴͳժĿ֣ˡ
רģк棬ҲĿġ
Ȼ¥ԼҲûҪȥһˡ
Ȼֱҷȥսĵһ죬յҾ˼ٳܻᵢһ̨Ŀ̨ÿ¸ϻȥ
˺þҪȥ318ҵɣȴûϡ
Сȷǳûÿͷš
ⲻ˽ɣֻΪܹӰĵĹҪҽԺﰲŵ˸ţԳ
ҷߣȻͿˣԼıɩԼһϢ
֮󣬰һӣͺ߲ѡ
ҹۿоƺڶԼƵġ
һ߳ŭزͨԼүүĵ绰͸״үүҰ裬磬ǻڼңҪ

硣
Ϸ򸾶ˣ㱻үӴ绰еүڵļԾ۲֮˵棬˺ݺݽѵһ١
Уһ⣬ζ쳣
үһ߳飬һã𣿰
Ǵ߳Ϲһڼ𣿡
Լ룬ԼͣЩʲô£ҿ
ίˣ̧ͷ⹫ʮ˲ųɼң˵ģӦǣ
˵ͬʱתͷԼС˾ˡ
⻰˲һ졣
ͬʱͰ˾Ϳʼ˽˵ӦСӹ˵İɣ
ţòʮѵͷʾͬ⡣
˲ɫһ٣ûꡣ
ؼ֮غ͵ˣ赭дȴǴ⣺֮ǰ˵ĵڼŮţôֶΣ
غ֣ϵеء
üͷѣܾ᣺ţ˵ⶼλ׵ĸңŲţǾڼңԺá
֪غʵٳԴףٱ£ǲһ£


ʮ ֮Ľ棡
ﲡ˱ͳȥܳɾŷƵĻ֪ʶͻĲʱ⡣
СĲ΢һ£ʱȲһ˽ܳɷԸ
ԣϵͷһ˵ǣ΢һ£ոȥǸˣƬϻЩ⣬ʦ˵ҪٿԵӾͺã˼
꣬õͬ󣬷ƲŶܳɵк£˵ǰ
ܳɵؿһȻ΢΢ƫͷҲƬʣܿöɣ
Ƶ˵ͷܿһЩ
ö٣۵ϼܳɼʣĴѧˣص⣬ǴרҵĽǶȳġ
һĲˣ֮ǰҲҽҽԺģѯȡڹ̶װõʱ䡣
ܳɼƵĻԣ֮ǰƽƬ飬˳ǻһǰԺʱƽƬ
Ƶı̱ýٴϸ΢֯һԺ󣬸ػأ۵ϣӶϽǹǵԺԵжϡ
Ӱѧ飬ԿǵĲߵĴڣǹƻƬһ̶ϴԵƻ
飬۴֫͡Ρﵽ۶϶˵ĹĦУżܿ˶ƷǳϵػأÿһֶǷϻ
ָأܳȻܹⷽشЩ
Ƶüͷʱһ壬ָܳʵӦҲ֢ɣǻأַλʧܣȶĹۣʯ̶޷ȶĹۣơ
۵ķͣB2.21ͣڲȶͣǹɹǹַۣλʯ̶ҲѴﵽ̶ЧҪơ
ûвݿˡصڿƼܽơ
Ʋδƪۣص˵
֪ܳǰĸ϶û취ֵá˵ˣþûԵĶˡ
ش
ҲвθУһҪƣһƣشǲͬĶΪܳɿ϶еԼע⵽ϸڡ
ƣܳͦⷽƵĻشǼʡ
۵ԭǸλ̶
λַλλ̶̶ڹ̶еڹ̶Ըλ̶Ļ߶ԵĺѵƻƵĻشȻ϶
ַλλȫֿô帴λܳʵĶѾǳ˽̲ĵݣѾһרݷ롣
ƻѧˡ
Щ⣬Ӧκ͸ҽʦҪ˼⡣
תͷܳһۣﻹԥʦе㳬˰ǻظλʵַλڹ̶еλĽϣĿĶΪ˴ﵽʸλָĹʽṹ
ûиߵ֣֮ǴﵽλĿġӦ̶ֻΪάָλ
۵ĸλַô֣ܳɶʱ۾һⷽƺܲѾǻѾǹˡ
ٿܳһԣ˸ƺԥǲǲûش𡣱Ͼμ棬һܳʦ²̨Ƕ಻ʣ
ش𡣡ܳʾⷽƼ
ƾ΢΢ͷƳܳɵı飺ʦλĿģλʱעԭȳǣʹù۶϶˷ٽиλڴ˹Уõ벻֮ͬ
äߵ׿ʹûֵ֫õǣ۶϶˷λ
ɾо͹ߣؽ߻֫һֵļΣͨɾǧøλɡ
ſñ״̬£ʹ̼༡ɲ̫ﵽλУ״̬£Ҫʵҵλȥ̼ı
˵ʲôҸ㲻ƵĿ⿴ܳɣԽԽ͡
ܵ𣬰ճѧڵ˵Ѿǵµľˣ缶ַλĲˣ֮
ܳԣüͷ塣
շƵ˵ͨǱĻô𣬾͵˵Ļˡ
ǣʵҲȫ׼ȷַλӦǽֻǿλǵؽԼʹˡ
Լڵ¶Ĺַλһ㻯˼ԴڹʵĽʣݹ۵λòͬΧĽʲͬͨԴиλ
ұơ
ܳɾ͵˵ͷ˵˵ǰ漸㣬Ҷͬ⣬˵ĻҾÿԸһ¡
ϣλ˵ҪλֹǵĹֹۣǹ۵λúأڸҲʽʱǿܾҪӹɹԼɹ֮ϵλã˵ĹǡܹǴļнˡ
Ҳǽһ֡
ϣǹǸλǵ֮ܵ󣬶ٵشұƣ֮Ȼˡ
Ҳľܽйأյ˺ʱеЩʽṹǵָԭĽṹӦõúãһЩӡ̹ǳģܸλĹۣҲַܽλˡ
ͱ˵ɹǣǴͳУΪɹǲܽеַλʯ̶ģΪ㸴λ󣬹Դڲȶԣʯ̶޷ﵽ̶άָλЧġ
ǣԼɹǹ۸λܹﵽλЧҴﵽλЧܳ˵˵ţЦ
仰еᣬǰ¼ҽʦʱϼҽʦţʱϲõĻʲôʲô
һ仰ԺԵܳԼͲϲһףϣܹˡ
ܳ˵ǣ˫Ŀ͵һžϲ쳣⼤ллʦ
Ҫ֪ҲǼˣ֮ǰǺǴѧıƣлԺģҲнͣҽ̸ܶණֻΪ̰ģҪȥõҽԺС
ˣû赽Ǯûȥѧǣʵϰתʱ򣬽ھʹʶܶණⲻͬѰҽѧ·ѧҽѧĲͬͲΣͨ׶ķ˹ֻ࣬ǻûơ
ڱиʱԼʦȻԼǱߵʦҲû࣬û뵽ܳȻҵ˺
ܳɹȻһ㡣
֮ǰʦ˵ûڳУȻдԵġ
ˣûΪں˵
ˣȽһ˰ɣۺѧϰԺһһ˵ѧ̡ܳҲгɾ͸С
MDҪеҽѧǷʺǸöã׽̰ԼֻҪѲͬȵļֱ׼гԶȥ£ͺˡ
ǣܳҲ֪⼸ǲܵ顣
ÿһѧƣҪ츳ġ
Ŭֻܹﵽͨĸ߶ȣԲܻ
ҲżֻǸ飬Ͻȥһǽ˽Ȼ󣬷Ʊøڿˡ
磬
ܳɾʣСȥԣ
ʦҴӼǱߴЩ飬иųԾͺܺˣҵȻҪµ顣һ߸ܳɳţһ߸Ͻ˵˿˫Ŀ֮Уɫ
СˣĿ츳ٴһͿ㹻ʦˡܳɶԷƽϣƲҪԼ̬ŵ̫ͣⲢʺڷΧϡ
ܳɽ˳УĿģΪ˷ܽ²̶̲ܽסǣۺãǲܲ˵֣ԼڵĲ̫ߣҳѧż
ܰƶ̣ЩܳҲ֪ڵĻ׶ʲô
߮Ƶ̼ܣе죬ӦòֻӴܵ컨ĲΣ߶Ȼߡ
Լθļ߶ȣȡ衣
ʦۻǺܺõģ˽ģûϵʦĸжģʦҪҪƸϽʼ¸ܳɣȡ
ϾܳɲԼó˸ôණ͵ʾ
͵΢һ㺮ס
û£ԼԣҾסţԵʱʱҵȻڲڼĻҲһܳҲЩ˼
Ȼͬ䣬Ǵ˿̣ȴͬһ츳ߵĺӣһûװˮӴˮףԼĹȣ츳ã
ллʦҾȻȥˣƾ͸Ͻ˵ȲأҪȥ顣
ãܳЦЦû˵ȻֻǾֱ߻˿󣬱ңſڵ°İ
һ˳ھ͵ܳɣҰǷסһˣô죿
ܳԣŵ׽Ӳһ£ʣҪȥɳУ̹ף
Ҳȥ˲ͮͮ
飬ȥ̹ף಻ʣ
ܳȻҲǿ˸ЦҲֻ˳ߣôô£밲ѾǸˣһȻˮɵ顣

ƴ֮󣬾̲סԼʦȻ˸绰ʦ˵ǸСʦʲôĹ̥˵Ҳ󣿡
죬ܳ̽Ƶʱ򣬷Ҳ̽ܳɡ
ɲ⣬Ƿƶܳɵᡣ
Ȼڵ绰һͷЦˬʣǱˣ𣿻Ǿֻ˼ʶ
ʦʵ˵СƵ΢е㲻̫
Ҳǣ츳еĻδرС̫ܲ࣬ҲҪ̫߰ˣСˣͬУҲǺܺġ
֮ǰ绰ʹҵǸ߮磬ðɣ츳ܱȵô˵ܳɲԶȻԷ˵ʵϣܹࡣ
ЦЦ˵ʦûҪСʦ˭Ӵ뷨
ʦҲ֪ȥ󿴵ģԼľλ츳þûãҺܻϲСʦˡ
ֻҪʦǣҶϲлл㣬ʦƵǫ
Ȼԣ˵СҲҪԷƱˡ츳ҲСܲֻǷȱ˼ѡúѧ
ȣҲҪȣûоҲûǰĶֻƽҪĿԼҪȥŴ
ֻϣҽԺĥڵˮƽڵؼҽԺѾ㹻ˣһ㣬ȥͨĽѧҽԺҲⲻ󡣡
ҪһĻҪƶҽѧǰһ·ϿǾǿС
㲻ƶѧƵķչյŴһ߼ļ
СܵļȻǣδ֪ĴȥܽǰأҪġ
ã˭Сû˼վֻµµΪѧƶԣֻǶôһѧƵĸ߼˲ţǷչѧƵĶ˲ţȻûǱȽ͸ġ
֪ˣʦҪǰߴܹҪһƽ̨վȻĻߴҶûͲ̸ȥߴˡҾãʦȥߴƽ̨ûᡣƵ΢˵ģȴȫǱ΢¡
ʱ̽ʱʱǫʱԾȻ
õģʦҼסˡ֣صص˵ͷ
ѧϰĻᣬףϧջںδҲ֪ĿǰҲǣңç㾢ǰ塣
ҽԺѾǳ˸ĸһȥ˵ؼҽԺ׬˴󷢣һȥʡмҽԺǾð̣ܹڶĽѧҽԺǷĳɾ͡
ѧǰһǸ˵
һӣҪԼġ
ƹҶϵ绰û˺Ⱥ۵һˣʲô˺ֻ˺еһӣֻԼΪѡ


ʮ â¶
ʱˮһζ¹ȥ
ĳһգܳɸպôӳְҵѧԺٴҽѧϵ߳ʱкüѧܳΧסˡ
һ۾ŮԼۿʦٴУÿһּܣʦô𣿡
ԱҲһС˵ʦҲڿѧʦ˵ʦ㽲Ǽٵģûôһ¡
ܳɿһȺʮͷġѧԡúΪѡ
רƵѧĿǰŴͱҪѧ⸾Ȼڴʱȥʵϰһʱһ˸ҽѧĿ
Ļܳɽѧʱ򣬾Ϳʼˡ
½ڿεѧԵڽѧУԼǸܵȼۣȻͱӡ
ȺѧţҲԼȥ򣬷ȥڿƵڿʦڿƵڿʦȻⲻöԼݺݵһǰʱ䣬ѧĽң̸ܳˡ
˼ǣҽҪȥٴҽɡ
ԣ֮ܳɾֹͣϵĳԣԭԭĿʼǽл֪ʶĽѧѡ˳ΪһĹˡ
⼸ȽϺĺӣĻأһ߲ţһ͵͵شԼ󣬱ЩøԶ׽ΪԼʲô书ؼ
ȻܳҲȷЩ棬û¼ȺרƵƨӣܳĴ
ǾоУûбûУȰѻãѿα֪ʶɣԽڿε崴һ£ʲôʵĻȿ飬ȻԵϣȻûҵĻҡ
һζĲͶ񡣡ܳҲʼǴ̫
Ȼܳ̾ŻˣϽ򳵻ص
û죬գҲûһֱڰļæϡ
ܳԿ׿ŵƸϽվʣʦˣ
ƺܳɲԼĽѧϣҵôһ˿ţƸ£ɳٶȺͳɳռ䣬֮Ѿܹٴϣһˡ
ģʺ츳߮ˣٴ츳ܱҪǿǸУ΢˵㣬ڱݡ
СãһȥԸ緹Ҷ챻Щѧˡ
MMP첻£Ƿ۰顣ܳһԼĲʺϵһʦ
˽ʹЩרĸԱԼΣ˵飬ܳɾе١
ҽѧԺѧ˵иթƭģбթƭģյģרŸУģרŸѧУġ
˵ѧϰ֮⣬ɶ㡭
׵飬еӴֱӵġ
ʵܳɾԼѾˣܹһٶʮˣûһܳɷ۵ģǿһ̬Ȼ
ôһŶ磡
ԣϵһ±飬Ҳ֪ܳѧǣϽȰ˵ʦǵѧƲ̫ۣûлԲ衣
Ҳʦͬ⣬ȻĻҶȥΡ㬵ӣЩѧϧѧϰĻᡣ
ܳĶģĿǰܳΨһĶ˵ʱûƣ̸
ɷĺ氡ôһµܳʦŵҪҪȥģѧڵĽѧۣĺúܡ
֪ʱڻʱҲܺ㡣
۳ˣҿ϶һʱ̸㣬߰ɣ˵ģȥԷɡܳɰѽ̲ķҡͷ̾
صԶ
ƾ͸Ͻ߳鷿ȻϽ˵ʦҵǲе̫ˣʵòôģʦҲûɼҡ
ʱ䣬Ҳд˼ƪ£˳ȥܳɸתǮ΢е̫࣬ˡ
⼸£䷹ˣôЩƾĲܡ
ܳɾ˵˵Ǯ飬úѧۺͿеĻ㲹߮Ǳߣȥæġ
ĿǰΪֹ飬ĻۣΪƵģڻеĻۻ̫ˡ
ʡίԱѾרˣ飬˭нһ򡣹Խ࣬õǮԽߡ
ܳɿ˷һۣٴ츳ֱǿ츳İٱϣȻ츳ҲԼҪߣǣȴȻ
ƲúԼȿ츳ģԼǿ˹ҵˡ
ԼڵĿе̣ȫǿģġ
õġʦһŬЩ⶯
ʦܺһ䣬۵Ŀ⣬ΪʲôĿǰôôѵֻΪҪõһЩʡ
ֻȻʦ˵ʿʮҪĿǰǳӣʱʱڵĿ꣬Ǽȥ
ܳһ뷽ߣһ߿ʼҡҡͷǣòýѾҪˡ顣
Ӧ֪ĿǰǹҵִҽѧȻӦòѾ׷˹ʵȽˮƽڻȴԶԶġ
ͺñǵĻԼ豸ĿǰΪֹûһҹ˾ܹȽˮƽ豸ƽġ
һ֮ǰĿǰǹڵһЩ豸άޣⶼѾרųˣ˵ǣҪгԺ󲻴гˣʵǶǹҵһַ
ʱϣܹǳ屶ϵļάԼĲĽڵķãطĿû̸£Ǿֱӽһ
£ǱҪǿŬǵĻ򣡡ܳ
µԣѾǳܳɵ󣬶ң¼ıʣҲ֮ǰģûԤϵģڣųֵģΪʲôģܳĿǰû뵽
ǣıʣҲһȽϺõϢǾǣ½ǬݣĿǰѾعˣ½ǬʦϵҲһЩʦҲ½ع˹ڣĿǰǱڣŻѰҶɽĻٴֳķ
һЩеά޳֮ôڵĺܶе𻵣ô͵ǿԼάˣһЩĵļڻˣࡣ
ңάֻһ棬뻨ʮļ۸ȥٴνڵĻôֻǣԼʼӦ豸
򣬾ֻܱס׸
ңһΣһ£
£ܳеĻʿ⣬Ҫ٣ֻм٣ȫϿɣܹȥƷеһЩƵĻȻԼı׼Ǽɵ
ң˺ƤҪ㹻Ļ֧ţ
ȻĻǺܿµġ
û㹻Ļ֧ţίԱᣬҲô󵨵ðգȥһԣ
ʧܣôֻܻܹ·ߣǮ֣˺ͼ豸ǮǵϹιǡѪ
ܶණڵļ۸͹ļ۸Ƿ츲صģ
Ѫܵʵ
Ƶɫ𽥿ʼܣʦ⣿𣿡
Ƕˣ֪Ŀǰִҽѧ棬һķ룬ķ룬ǲڵķá
ⲻǺţҲǳ֮־Լ磬һʵ
пʵ
ȻģЩҪӴܶࡣܳô˵ţȻ뵽ֻǰҲ˺ܶΡ
תһ˵۵һĲκȻˣ֪̫࣬ķչ
֪Խ֪࣬ԼԽСҲԽ֪еΪ
ҽѧһѧƣǼΪϽѧƣĿǰΪֹ֪ܳӦľ棬ֻ˵Լģǿ
ȻѸӴѣ߸ȥҪģǸϽѽѧƣȻӽѻʵĿ⣬Ȼ˵뵽ķӦ֮У
ЩĽάôΪ
õģʦһŬ֣صص˵ͷ

һ£ܳɻûüˣƵĵ绰͵ˣܳɰѲ˵ݸƣ㿴㣬ȥӸ绰
ʦһ٣ܲ룿
룬ˣȥӵ绰ܳûͷƶ£ϣʦܹһϢ
ʦܳɵȻϹϾڵĽλѾƸߣԲȥơ
Сܣ֮ǰǸݣѾ£ˣһϢһ⣬ǾͶ˼־Է˵ǵݲ̫ʵ
ԣҺϳǾȲͶˣֱͶԼĹ־
ʵõģǴһ־Ŀǰûôྫԣƪ£յĳɹûǰʵĽͶ־á
ߣûɣڵ绰ʡ
Ȼû⣬ʦ
ѵڣѾĵزôܳɲطʡ
רˣһЩˣھȻ£Ҫܵƣ⻹̸ʲôѧɣҽѧģ
õļδؾǺƷǺƷĶڹδеͨ
СܣȻҲͬĻǿʹһˣҺϳۣС
Ŀǰ˽ģίԱʾΪҩļ۸油ҩδܹʱΪָϣĿǰضߵʣȫΧڣѾ˰ٷ֮һٷֵ㡣
ĿǰҹЯǧ򼶱𡣡Ƶееҡ
һ˿ڴӴ˿ڻ֮£ÿһּĻ߼ҲǸӴ
ٷ֮һİٷֱȣǾʮƣֲ΢ȫ˿ڵ֮һҲУ
ЩˣҲǻˣΣעҪ̭
ʦǲڼΪȨôܳԻǲ⣬֮ǰ˽⵽磬ġ
ңʦֺʦ˵Ĺ⣬ѧЩʦǣ˵Ҳӵѽ
һЩӹ⵽ʣʦǣҲӵġ
Сܣ˶ˣҽҲҽǣ棬ȴǴӹ񶼻ڵ⡣
ҽ߸ĸģȥ˹⣬ֻҪǮȻܹܵͬȴǶԸˣ
ٷŴ֮Ǿֻݺˣˣ޷ҵġ
СܣҪѧף㲻ҲãҲãÿһݣбȻǰһ˵ѪͺĴ۵ģʾǺõһ棬ǻһ棡
磬ˣ޻Ǳġ壬£޻ɵл壡
Īԡ
ҲҪǣΪıʱҲ˻еģʱ̽Ƶ΢˵ôһ
ȷʲôʱֻҪжͻиָ棬ֻ۽ߵͶѡ
õģʦллܳɺһƵĻһﾪˡ
ܾһֱֻΪԼ£ţԼ飬Ǻ£û˽ĵģڣûѹκ˵һǮ
ǣ飬漰棬˾ڵĵطͻսλΡ
սĵطͻ
޷ġ
һѵĪԣܳɵ꣬ڲ
һ̣Щˣڰǰʱγ뿪ɳʱγʦ˵һ仰
ʱʡ
ʦִΪΣ
γص
ȻܳʣԪƽִΪΣ
γشǵƻҵƻ
Լأ
ܳڲϵؾԼЩʱ򣬵к£Īǰ̣˸֣޷İ
ǣҪ飬ҪȥǶԵġ


ʮ ǰף
ʦҵĲһһأ㿴Ҫӵô߽ܳƱȽضܳ˵
ˣθڲǺܺõĻҾǻԼȥһˡͣܳɻǲϣƷѡ
񣬷ڿҲѾһˣϳнӴɣڵʵȥҹѣֻǴѧơ
ܳʹ뷨ϣܹѧһʱ䡣
ʦǾô˰ƸϽѲ˵˷Աһϲ˺󣬱ؾ
ܳȻʣСûʲôⲡ˰ɣ
ڼ֮ǰܳɾͲûٽˣȫ¬ͷƣڷֹſֻżٸκԼһ¼
ҡͷ˵ʦ˵ⲡˣ΢֢һģЩûĽ޶˹ȥ
˵ҽԺ¼Լֶˣӣ첻;Ҳзִ磬򵥵֣Ѷȴģͻˡ
ǰʦ㻹ڿʱ򣬳½ں͹ڻ˵㣬뿪˿ҺλѾǰҵΧչǿˡ
¬˵յ˼Ĳˣڵ̫ڼ򵥡ƵΪЩΣŸп
ܳԣɫһСҳ뿪ٴʱҿ㲻ǻͦ˷ܵܹлų½ں͹ã
ܳע⵽ˣ
У˲ٵĹǿרҺͽ֮󣬴󲿷ֵĻ⣬ǱѧĽڹϷ֣ǿƵĽǣܹľǰѻ⣬ٴ£
ѧĽû취ٴģڷֹϸ֮£ʵÿڷ̯١
¼ϽڣտƽæòУͻȻûһʱ䣬Ϳʼˣ˿󣬱ꡣ
Ȼ󻹾򵥣ϣյ֢ߣ˵ʲôӸȾѽʲôۿҪ˵ּá
ţǾãͨĹ۴˲ˣ񫣬ûͽˣûѶȡ
һѧʿͻȻصСѧãоĿ̫򵥣ҪһƱҵʦѶȵĿƵġ
ܾеΪ¬ˣҽҽԺֻǳеĵؼҽԺڿ϶֢ߣѡҽԺɳеļҽԺżؼҽԺģ඼ҽԺˡ
ܹҽҽԺĲվޣ֮ǰڻ߾ҽԺȽ϶࣬𣬿ڣҪ¬ȥѶȸߵҲѵҡ
ϵؼеĸҽԺҲǼһ
ܳɵ⣬Ŀһֹʦ˭õ֮ѧľͲѧڵ컨أ
ܳû˵ݣʾ㡣
ϻһ˵ǣʦʶѧ˲ٵݣھûʵ½ں͹˵رΪǼʶ
ⲻǿƨһʵܳѧĶѾ㹻ˡ
ƱǣܳɶѾôѧ¼߹ֶڵһаʽǣ
󣬳¼ں͹ֶ˹ǿƶ󣬷ƾ;ãλڵãҲǸܳɻһΣҲˮƽ
Ҳ֪ԼǲеƮˣôģе㻳ܳɻڿˡ
ܳڿܳ¶ʱ䣬Ȼÿ춼ջ񣬿ܳ뿪˿ٴ֮ܳѾһڲѧôһĶ
ܳԣ˵ƣ֪֪ǲȻڣҲ˵⻰ġ
Щ̣Ƿ˲Ծ֮˰ɣ
ЦΪһ£˭еģ
ܳɴδ˵Լңкܶ༼û¶ˣûҲûᡣ
ڷܹ׽ϲһĵطȻģѰʵףƵΪܳһ¸ģ
ƸϽɫһѹʦӦòҵİɣ⻰ҲֻҸ˵ġ
е㺦£ֲܳɣھ׶˵ѧѣ¼ڻ߹ֶ֪˵ǽ̲Լǵðѡ
⻰˵ҲҪзִһһӡǧ򲻿ðӦ֪ڶðܳɽôһ·ơ
ô˵ƣĿǰ̵ĶһˣϰԼһĶչʾҷѧҲ졣
ǣһ뱾£лķ֮Ŀǰ˵ģԣܳϣܹѿغ÷ִ磬ʱˡ
ٴǽѧƣе֤ݣ˵ãΪʲôãôǸɷʣ
ûп͹۵֤ݣôԲƵ£ڲϣôò飬鷳
֪ģʦƽʱٴϣҲѾǺܿƵˡС֤
ţСٴϳֵĲ֣οܳͻȻʷƣڵĿ
ڳҽҽԺҲ£ĶҲˡ
ҲϣƵ۽Ͳξһ
⻰üͷ壬һܿһۣأʦ׿ʦĽǣֻǿԺҽĻĿǰڿܹʵʩǿչչѶȡ
ķΧ֮£Ѿ֮ǰ̫Ľˡ
ܣθҴ绰ûȥеһҽԺʱʶؽţȻ󿴵ܳɵı΢󣬸Ͻȱ֤
ʦûͬⰡʦʦǿ϶뿪ʦġ
ܳЦЦû˵ûⷽƴ˿̵Ľ
Ƽ˵ĿǰеһҽԺĴƣѾԵչӵĹʽˣЧã֮ǰŽҪȥġ
оǣҽҽԺĴƣĿǰҲѾ˳ֲָͶֲ֫ɹİ¬κȫ׿ΣѾ˷ֲͬȥչƣⶼǺ¡
ǣҿ̨󣬻ǾãĿǰκںܹ濪չĶֲ֫¬ǶԣǴѶȵģѶȣʱڣѿԽȥ
ⲻ¬ǲԸѧϰǸԳеͽǶȲͬе֫ͼˣңټϣĿǰлѪƵĽָԱ󣬴ڵӸ٣
ѧúܾͨʱܹӦõҲ㣬û㹻֧ţҲû취ġκҲĩɸطѰҺʵֲټϻڵ֧֣ѧϰٶ죡
⻹һ⣬ǾһһָԱ뿪˳֮󣬵ǰܹ濪չʽʱ޷濪չʧӵĻҲһЩ֢˵⣬Ŀ˸
ܳԣοؿƣСܹ͸ĳ̶ȣȻѵá
ܳɾҡͷ˵ָԱ뿪ؼҽԺǺܳһʱ䣬ֵ⣬ָ̣ٻһ꣬áֱ
ܳ˵⣬ȻЩ飬ʺϱ֪ôġ
̧ͷģܳûټ˵˼ĿҲЩԹҲû˼͸¶ܳɡ
ܳҲʿɶֹؽȽĻ⡣

ܳ뷽һͬȥ
ƻʣʦո˵ָԱ᳤ڵؼҽԺΪΰѵǣΪٴϵеҩ𽥵ķ䲻㣿
ܳɿ˷һۣЩĴ𰸣öģҲʺȥ˵ȥᡣ
ԼȥҴ𰸰ɣҲȥҴ𰸵
Щܳɲ˵˷Ƶĵģ
Ҳ͵˵ͷ
ܳǼؼʼԼĽѧۡ
ֻǣûã߮绰ȥʵһˣ˵ЩҪġ
㹻£߮ܳɴ绰ȥæΪܳɿճʱ䡣
߮ȻǴˣǿ϶и飡
Уĳרʵ¥ڣ칫С
߮Ĳ裬ܳ󣬸ܳɵһԼǺſȣͣұȽϰߺȲ߲Ҷ
ãʲôҪ˵ɡһ۲ͣ㲻һˡܳʡ
ڻԺֿɹ˾ܻڽڣ˳гˡ߮Ͷܳɵͷһ
ôżܳ׼һ
ҹ˾ռŻٰٷ֮ʮегݶǵͻȻʧճȱڣûκι˾ܹϣ
ʱ򣬾ıҪһЩվסһʱɸΪ֮أ
߮˵˵˼ǣϣܹԽٴһֱӰЩٴԴҹ˾˳Ļڣ
УԲУܳ͵վ
һң˾ĲƷȨߣǹ˾Ʒļܹ㻹ԼĶģ߮üͷһʣ
У˾ҲУԭԭκζٴֱӵٴУܳһھܾ
˵ô죿ѵҪĲܾȵˣľ
ĺ˵ɱв㡢ѡѡĤԹ
һ༱֢˵ôأ߮һ
ܳɣҲ㣬˵Ļľߣֻ˽̽һ⡣߮Լ̬ȡ
߮磬ҲǸСܳҲǸС޷κξߣҲû˺ʲôòֻǿ͹۵ȥۣ
ȨǸʹ㣬Ȼͬˣܳŭʡ
ȨֻǿŲƷȥ棬Ϳ԰ԭ򲻹ˣ̣ôܳɾǴˡ
̯֣߮Ҳû취Ȼô죬һʱ䣬ҲҲ㹻Ʒ
ҲУԭԭ˵һĳʲô©ʱӰǰǧ򼶱ߣ˭Σ
Źܿ𣿡ܳɷʡ
߮Ҳ֪ܳɲںܣֻھ£Ҳ֪Ҳ²һӵġ
ɸΪܹ֮뵽취˵˵ģҽټ
ܳɾص߮磬ڲڿЦʱո⻰ڹڿǹҵĴͳҽѧ
ͳҽѧں۷ʱ򣬸ûм֫˵ȶ˾Ƕˣʱܹ뵽Ʒǹȣһ֫𣿡
߮ס˵ܳɣ֮ǰһڣ˳Уһ̽ʲôûУ
£ʵõƷкܺõҽܹסһ֣Ҳֻܶһ֡
вȥôͳҽѧƣǾͺñȶ֮֫㲻ֲ֫вҩѹͷ񾭼ⳤⲻô
ҽѧЧִҽѧʹͳҽ֮ϵ֮
ܳҡͷûرõİ취Ŀǰޣٴҽѧѧܹȥоٴҽѧ;ȥѧϰʲôҽۡ
ԺʱĻҿȥؿһҵҰһ
кͷҽ飬ҽģһʼѧϰҽôԴѧٴҽѧѧѧЧܹ˵ģôҾͲỳֻȥˡ
Щʲô˼ڸܳɿԼ߮ȴֻ㷴˵
߮͵ҵС˵棬һںҸܣȵȣոյĻظһ
үܳһ䣬Ҳ֪ԼҲ߮磬ֻؿ߮ᵽ飡
ɸΪ֮


ʮһ һ
ڸʲôܳɵ߮ڵʵҺ󣬷߮綢ŵĻһ
߮˿̵ıɫΪ£ռݣĿǰͳв֣ɡ
߮࣬ɨܳһۣȻԼĵ΢бһ¡
ôܳɸϽʡ
ȿЩ˵ɡ߮ŵĻָָ˵ܳɰĵӿǹİʲôռٴҽô
߮һԼĵӲСû뵽ǣܳɱģҪ졣
ܳûػȿϸݡ
Խ·ݿʼռ·ֹȥͬ·ݱȣĲеרĶ࣬˽ӽ屶
Ĳ屶ֹ
Լ˲ʣֱǧ֮ǧ֮
ӵ£ʻˣУʮļﻼУǧ֮İٸǧ֮壬һǧ
ǵԺ
Ȼֿܳ˿໼
ԳѪԲѻߡвĻߣʸߴٷ֮ʮһµʸǸߴٷ֮ʮϡ
֢˻ߣҲǡ
ͨ˿϶ǽӴЩݵģһݣģ
Ӱôأܳɳһ
Ϊأ⻹ȽϺõˣڳĿǰһЩõĽܹصϸͰʮߴٷ֮ʮ߮˻ظ
ҽףǲǷЩܳһ»ĹԹιԼһЩ֢˥˥ȻߵӦݣһʡ
߮һаɡҲЩר֮ǰΪ֪ȣס˲ˣĿǰĴţ˵Щڴ඼ͽʵľȲһ²ǿԵġ
϶и£ĿǰĴ󻷾ֵһЩư඼ѹˣôȥҲǸ취
ܳ⣬ҲǷһ䣺ҽƷõļ۸Ҫյʱ򣬾Ͳˣ
߮һ⻰ܹĳİ
ֻܹͨԼѵǮ࣬ǿΪµԼ˲ʼ٣Ϊҽ͸ܣʡǮҪƵȫת
ãʵ֮ǰĴ󲿷˾Ϊ۵ҽƣֻǹڣ˸ǵڵ渶˸߶ҽƷã޷ܵѡ
ǹǿƵӰ죬òƻǺܴ󡣡ܳЩ磬ûн߮⡣
߮ͷ˷۵ǿƵĲˣܹҽԺģٷ֮ʮŶܵҽԺģٷ֮һһĶˣݾͲ˵ˡ
ԶԣԵļǿƵǺܶࡣ
ѪƶԣѾǺһ÷ھȥˣTMһõķ߶ãë߮߷߲ƽ
õЧзӰأ˵ˮƽһ֣ǿ͹۵ĸһ֡
ƽпҵĻˮƽҽˮƽơơICUȣֿҵĽϣȻټȽҽ豸лڸϣô϶ǻģ޷һߵˮƽӵ¡
ţ߮˵ܳɣҲаɣһеݶѾˣôչȥԺֵÿﾺˡ
ǵڣǹһЩҽеҲڿٵطչС
ڣǵҽʶҲǰǸܱˡܳҡҡͷ
רҵˣзʮͺͶʮһͻֵͬʣһӴĿĵ֣ʱڹ⣬һЩѾ˳没֡
ʱ򿴲ܱˣʲôֶȥҽԺҪôԺˣҪôֱɽˣƲ
߮죺Ҳǳ־Լ磬Ŀǰѧѧһ飬ڵĴ󻷾ԶԶȲϹ⣬ĿǰһƬ߽׶Ρ
⻹ƨ
˵ͻƷԼݲƷһ飬Ŀǰھҽܹŵסеʵģȫ͸ʱȫ˺üΡ
еҽҩҲϾ
޼۵ģҪ𾴵ģʥģҪܽġ߮Ȼ
ܳһۣʼٿڷΧ˷ôҲûһ
߮һʼûͫһܳɡ
ȷǱˡ߮ΪԼĻ
ȲҪ²ۺԷƱˣȰԼðɣҶһƬߵ£ǻչ
ƪߣ˲ϵģҲԼģȻͬʱҲҪѽڲСܳ˵ԼĿġ
񣬹һЩ˾гԻзǴܳ޷ǵĿ뷨
ңܳҲ֪Լ£ѻŪ˳ҲᱻΪٵģǲʱгģǲִҽԺķչ̵ģ̭ܶ˵¡
ͻᱻ̭
ܳɽģ߮Ҳ԰ҪӿŲˣȻĻֻùڵЩҵðյҲҪЩеǰųˡ
ڳʳ·ϣٻôܣۣ̫һſôӰ̫û˸Ϊս
ԭȰɡ
ˣһ𣿡ܳɿЩء
еӦ£ôֻǣ߸ӼҴļ·ߣ߾ҵеƷ
ۣ߼Ҵ⼼·ߵķ֮һܳҪȥĽѧۼҽѧܵȼƶȣҲΪùڵҽԼļʵĹؼɷء
ⶼáӰ췶ΧӦԴʩ
Ȼǻл£ʧܣôҪڻԡֿɵȹ˾ٽ뵽гôڵļ۸񣬾ֿ֮ǰʮ
ʱϺݶֻϣҪ顣
УǸ쿭Ȼˣ˵ġӦˡ߮ͷ
ܳԣɫһһİ칫ң鷳һ°ɡ
߮Ҳͳȥ쿭Ȼ˽Ȼ£ܳɾ˵Ҫȥϸ
ǲϣ߮쿭ȻĶԻ
ܳɣTMжĥɱ¿ǰɣ߮վ
쿭ȻĴʽһװǷƷϵ̬ҲǸࡣ
Ŀ߮뿪쿭Ȼ˵ҽҽҲǸ˼ء
쿭Ȼռݣռ𣿡ܳɸϽʡ
ڰ·ݳʱ쿭Ȼҹܳɣʱܳһɸ쿭Ȼһ˼񣬺쿭Ȼûٳַ
ؼȻӦþǼˡ
쿭Ȼ˵ͷҽҶ֪飬ǲġҽ˵ǳһרҺͽڣˮƽզġ
ȻݸܳһỤݶˡ
Ȼġܳɷǳ϶쿭Ȼ飬ȻӹỤʡ
пʲôûУ
УҲ١쿭Ȼͷ
ȻΪ˷˵ֻרͳһݣûиǿĿóĽǣĿǰϵͳЩҡ
ͳƣ¹ֳʣǰǴƽ״̬ģȻͳһ120ֳʱ䣬ͬľ룬ͬİ뾶£ʱ䣬ȫһ¡
շҲһǣйϵģǰŵģûֵ£Ǿͣ
쿭ȻŻһתڶ¹Уݱ˵¼ȻǴڵģ˶ֵΣҲУҽ
ң
쿭Ȼ˵ҷ֣ҽԺ棬ǮȨˣһֲֵʶرСȻǵĻѣҲ൱ġ
һ֣һЩҽԺ֢ԼػѾԺһЩ֢ICU໤ңȨи֮˵عλҽףҲûйرĹ׵ġ
ҽԴļ˷ѣ֮ˣȴŸĴƽҩҩӦþã
õһϣһķøߴϣʲôô󣬼вˣ˿ԲҪҽԺ鷳ʲôô
ţЩиǰΪ˹˻߹ҷԼڵΪԼˣ˵׼ǻŻš
ЩǮΰ£иԺĺӶܵˡ쿭Ȼ˵һЩ
ܳ⣬쿭ȻɨһۣЩ˵ĹȥڣۣȻЩ˶Թһ߹йףôͲñǣǶǵء
ŮТǸ˵⣬˵á
¼֪ܳ
ǣܳҲ֪һˣΪ˻ģܹģǰٷ֮һǧ֮һ
Ǯ˷ѣ̰ҲøӢ۶޷ĳ磬ô壬ñһЩǻӣҲͦ
ܳɼʾ쿭Ȼȥ
Щ飬쿭ȻԸˣ߮ȨˣǶӴô롣
쿭Ȼ˵Ŀǰԣе߸ҽԺʱܹ˰ʮνڸ¼
ԭ䲡˺ͺĲˣŲģֻʮʣʮΣ벡ػ޹أȫǹϵȨϷ
ʮм䣬ͬȳ̶ȵĻȣ˰ٷ֮ʮ˲˰ٷ֮ʮ塣
Ҳпǻ̫٣ʲôأǿԿ϶һǣԭҽʦдĻôǵĺ϶úܶܶ࣡쿭Ȼ˵ߡ
ҽ͸úúõһǣЩˣɵľͲ¡
ԵʮߣЩʲôأػǲԼܳɼƽţ飬ҪҪá
ҿβ˭ֻǱȽϺݶѡܳæ쿭Ȼ͡
쿭Ȼȴͷ֪ʧˣҽҽֻ˽͹ݣΪ˭
ȻϸݵģҽԼȥˡ
쿭ȻȻѹ˵ҽһһǳشͳݡ
ʲôܳ쿭ȻЩҲһ
Щǳеרҽڣˣģ
ǸĲ˵ʺ˲еıʣ֮ǰڵĵλ߶ˡ
ҽҪߺܶ࣡쿭Ȼ˵ȭͷҧгݣϰնţЩרҾյǮԾͲơ
MDҽԺﶼ׬ôǮôãһԼ쿭Ȼ
ܳһ㶣Ϊ쿭ȻǷʲôĴ£û뵽
Щ쿭ȻԸ⾭ҽԺﱻ⣿
ڵҽƷöۣҽģڵҽĹʣߵĲȫҵƲ·ߣӪҲԸӯ
ģʽ£ҽԱԷ⣬͵ÿ˽ɵҽҩѽҪ
˵ģЩרҺͽǲĵ飬ĴܳɾúЦû뵽쿭Ȼȥ鲻ƽ֮£
˵Ķʵݣ֤ݵġ쿭ȻԴ䡣
쿭ȻȥҪʱ䣿ܳʡ
һСʱɻúܡ쿭Ȼء
ɻأܳʡ
ΪʲôɻɻҪȥɳתСʱⲻ˷ʱ𣿡쿭Ȼʡ
Ҳܳɵ
ⲻԼȥǲҪʮСʱ˰쿭Ȼǳ鴤Ĺ涨
Ҳأܳʡ
Ӳȥˡ쿭Ȼ֡
ܳ˵⣬ôҽԺҽе£
쿭ȻΪֻܳǺЦܳ⣬쿭Ȼ˼


ʮ ѡ񣬱Ȼתͷ
쿭ȻʱƿΪֻ˽¿û²ۡ
ˣҽǧͨѼƽϰһ̫ܣʤһУѡ
쿭Ȼ£ллˡ̣ܳѻ
쿭Ȼȴ˰֣ҽˣܹæҵĸƵ飬ж٣ͷϣҰɣ
ظʱɫﶼ˷ܣ·ǶʱǿС㡣
ôûеĻȥԸܳɿʼˡ
˵ʵ£ʺһ˸ɣܳҲϣԼǣ浽ԼҪ˽Щǲϣ쿭Ȼ̫ġ
˼ȥ飬ʺϵ˱Ͳ࣬ҪôȨҪô쿭Ȼˡ
Ȩ΢еƮ߮ⷬܳɶڻɣȨ᲻͵͵رһЩ棬ϳ飬ǰĳЩֱӰٴ
ȨڰһЩȥЩ˵ĴϣԼӿȣ飬Ȩóġ
쿭Ȼٴΰ֣ҽԷͲȥˡ
ݣڴ򿪵ʱ򣬹رһ磬ҲƳϣֱUϿҪƳǱһԣ֮󵱳ʽõʱᱻ鵽ʲô
ԺڼڣҽҲǰ׷ͨߵҽҰ㣡쿭Ȼǿ˵ţȻ͹Цţˡ
ѡ֮ϣܳɶеĪ
ֻǣ쿭ȻĻȷܳɶ೤˺üۣU׷ȥʱ쿭ȻѾǲˡ
ܳٴֻʱ㿴쿭ȻһϢҽԺĵ绰ֱڵϢɾ֮ͨ¼ᡣǧҪʬ𼣡
ҽټ
ܳɿ꣬㶣Ҳ֪쿭Ȼ⵽ʲô
ǣ쿭Ȼܳɾûٺ߮ʲôģֱ߽˵Գǣһ̨µĵ֮Żصᡣ
ͬ־ڿϰ࣬İѾǳҽҽԺƵһˣ滹һҽ²Ҫܶ࣬˱Ҫڡ
ңͬ־¿ƶߣǰߵһԱſĿǰһĿ⣬Ϊڰ֮ǰûκοڽչ
ܳɿһ۶ţ˰ѴŽգӦþǴһ˼ظ¸Ǯ
СֻҲ˼ܿٵһȥйͬ⣬гĴڶλʡǮƻǰȻʧɫ
ܳи飬߻ؼңµԵ֤ҳ棬Ȼ쿭ȻU̺󣬴ҵĵԣҵUڵݺ
֣棬ļһļУݣһΪɾwordĵ
ܳɺ֮£wordĵ
飺
ҽ쿭Ȼ㿴ⶫʱҿ϶Ѿı֮ˡ
쿭ȻⱲӣûˣ˾Ƿӣ񾭲ҲôΪڿҽر֪ҽ֮Ҿҿϴ
ҾTMǸˣҽǺš
϶Ƿϻ
ڶҽ𾴣쿭ȻȻǸˣҲеģˣұһ־ͬϵĵѣҽһѡ
Ŀǰǻʮʡݣ333ؼ˼ʡؼ⣬棬˶پʮһϸݣⶼЩ־ͬϵĺѣ㣬ûעǰ޶ġ
Ƕ֪شԲҶ
ҲϣҽգֻϣҽǧغԼܹʱ£˳ƶ¡ϸǵãپʮһĵʮ
ʮݡ
ҽأɾ
RNM꣬ܳɵһ±أؿһµǴڷģʽûд״̬
ȻܳٴǸļУһҳ棬ʡݣʡС
㿪ʡ֮ʡĸؼУҲ档
㿪˳֮󣬲нʮĲͬݺͼЩֻǵͼݣҲǴ֣Уϸؼ¼ʱ䣬λʱ䣬еһЩż¼Լת飡
ܳɿ곣֮󣬾̰̰ˣ˶ģٴΰѵԸʽȻȻģԾֱӰѵԵڴϵͳˡ
ǧǮĵԣùһΣǰϹˡ
Ȼܳɿ쿭Ȼݹ̣˿ȫһѴԲע⣬ͻԷٶ
뵱꣬з¹¼ǲǸҵ߱û˺³ع⣬Ҳ˵ʲô׶ξͻᱻӰ쵽Ȩ֮˵ȨⲻԼŪ
TMô죿
ܳɷ֣ԼЩԷˣֱӶ
ǲʣ϶УҪôյ׵ţҪôֻǰǧҪñܹ
ܳûЩλʦģΪͬˣλãʹһ
Ϻ͹ϣ󲿷ʱԼͬΪǻˣҽݣͬһʦţܳɾܹȥǵĺ棡
һܳǳţûڴװСĸϡõĵԣֱӶƷվŷġ
Ṇ̀ܳҲһˣӽ˺
⣬ܳɾԼ治
ǣڶ֮ǰܳѾǰеݣȫһ飬ӡ
ңڶ֮ǰܳģģ˼顣
һ飬ֱܳϵ˹˲
Ȼһºģܺ򣬶÷飬ԼˣҲаܱԼڵŮѣҲԼͬһըС
һΣܳɰǽԼʦҲû˻Ӧ
Ȼ֮ĳһ죬Լ޹˰ɱҶԼӵˣȻȨı£˹ǽͷչΪһĹ£ⲻܳҪеģ
ΣܳɰߣȻСİ˿εƵ˲
һεĽҲҵġ
ԣܳɾֱӰӵˣӽ˺棬ȥ̣ƻһ£ٹЩʱ䣬̳ñ漣
ݣܳȴǲǵġ
ѧգңһʵ
߮˵֮ҽͨǰйоأٵһ棬ǾͶɼ
ӹ񣬡ڸԭҽ
ܳڳ£ܳûٴֻרĽѧ֮󣬾;ڼ
һֻһ٣͸оá
ҲϽ׽æȻ󿴵ƽղܳɣ쾹ȻЩʧİǵΣﶶš
סҲûܳɣܳɣҪоʲôµĲʽôȷ峴˿ӵζ
ܳæӦһ۹ȻϽ˿һ֣ϣһ¡
ǣڳԷʱһ̿˿Ƿϵˡ
ɴ˿J𣬻ζֱڰ
ҲĲˡ
ܳɵɫ̫ԣͰο˵û˭вСĵʱ򡣡
šܳɵͷȻʣ𣿡
֮࣬ǰ࣬ǽڵ䣬ѪƵĸڣһ̨;˹ϣʱĤû
Ȼѭͣˡӵ˫˲һ
ܳɵҲһĤûѭһ࣬ѭͣˣڵѾƿⲻҪ
ͣ˶ãܳɸϽʣʱ϶̣ǿԽܵġ
СʱĴ𰸣ܳɺܾ
ĽڱˣҽԺҲˣ˵ҪԹ˾ġ
Ҳĵù
ܳɳĬһ˵ʱ򣬲һںùҪ˳úãҪʣճҪá
ĤûǮһ̨ܳʰ
Ӧɡһ£²һ֣Ҳ֪õҩƷúܴ󡣡
θʡͷΡȸֲʣҪǰܶ࣬Уһ֣õһҩУշ粫
粫˰硣
ڵİѾԿʼᵽһĶˡ
Щ˾ãҩҩҪΪβģѹûкû֣֮˵ľǺõģѹͲ䱳Ķ
ǿ취𣿡ܳʡ
ʳңҵ̬ȲãǮĶҪ֮ǰٿǮЧ¾ûƨԡ
ĿǰǮܹٴҩͱȻõĲƷˡ΢ͷ
Ȼֹôãһ͵ƭƵأ
˵յʵݣȻҽ⣬ҽԺ⣬ͷãǱ
ܳɼһ⣬ͽһʱ䰲ĻѧвΣ
ã뼨Ч޹أûˣǾְҵйأİײ˼ۣű۸۵ģڻ棿
ʵҲû취֪ܳڵĺܶˣʵˣ⣬û취
飬ôܱѹסһֻţô;ģ
ʱӴֳֻҽԱվȶȰһķ粨ȥ飬취
ܳҲ֪£Ǹʱеˣûˡ
ʱҪͷ˲ŵʱǾˡ
ʲôû취飬ʵ͸˭Ǯ⡣
ΪҽߣΪ߾ṩõġһҽƼ񣬲ҽ顣
ŲˣһǮʡǮ⻹ôȥѧרҵôԼأ
ǵǿǮģǿˮƽģ
ҿҽߣߣǲûҽ£
һǳԵ⡣
ĿǰˣǴ󲿷ֵҵڣҵˣΪҽ¾ҪʡǮ̬Ⱥãʵһ᱾ĩļ
ҪʡǮβͺ˰һǮϡ
Ҫ̬ȺãȥѾͺ˰
浽һ죬еҽͻʿǣζԲ˵ӭ١ҽԺ˵ӭٵʮַʽ
ᣬƾ͵Ǳˡ
Ҳô˵ˣкȺ֮Ϊúܹ֣ҲĴԡ
ҽ̰Ǯأģ̰Ǯˡ
һЩüõǮ˿ˣòۺ죬а
ˣʵҽҵٵġ¾£һЩ˲ԼļһЩаûѧãǰЩ·¯ˡ
Ȼܳ˵⣬˵
ʵӸĻڣҽҵˣְҵȻҽڳУöͬʱҽԺһ״ӡ
ȥְҵأȥԷˮ̲裬Ҷ󣬻κ£һûǮͻᱻҶȻҪҪκְҵһ
ȻһЩְҵû£Ҳ΢һ£ҵû죬ˣͻֱӶְҵİɡ
˵ܽһǣѧҽܳɿʼӸԴϣ˰ĵģԼĵġ
ǰΣܳ˵е֪ܳڶһ죺ǲҪ˵һʼʵǲѧҽ𣿡
֪ܳɵЩЩϸģŮѣû˻ȥܵĹƨЩ
ʵڵļصȥеѡʱȻתͷܳԼЩݣͻȻþͺܱ
Ȱѧҽ
һ·ѣߵһ룬ܾͼֲȥˣֵкڣʲôأ


ʮ ҪôҪôų
ϸܳɿһ˵⻰ҪǱЩͨҽ϶ǵðɡ
ֻҪ㲻ңҹǲ˵µġܳЦЦȻɫصؿʣǿҵˣû̸ٴٵ
ܳ밲ദú֣ᷢСӱϲǣԼ࣬ܳɾͲţô飬û²ۡ
ɫ͵͵ܳһۣСĵûô˵署ܳɣ㲻Ҫ밡
ܶɶܳɺܺ氲Ϊλ뷨
ʵҰְǷֹһĸʡҰֵ£ͳƵݣϸ
ĿǰϵͳҲϵͳٵܴٴУҲ෢ˣǰõһЩ˳ǻгɣ
ʵһֱķʵ̹ס
ǰһʽ̸ܳλݵ飬ܳɾãǵĲ㼶е
ȷʵҲ󣬲Щ£ܳԤϣģĴˣҲͲˡ
ʲô뷨أܳʡ
һ£ܳΪ֪࣬Ҿ֮󣬷ӦƽģҪ֪ʡһʡݾô࣬ȫߵģҲλ
ҾãʱǿǳҪԼԼƷƣԼרҵͺñĹۻߣεЧ֮ǰøãһģͷ˵
һʱôȽأǸǺãܳʡ
ʵܳҲֻһˣ飬ʲôܷԼĳﻮһ棬Ͼ񻪹ٵѾ൱ˡ
ҽơÿһÿһҵ֮أνǸ
Ҫܶ˶
ҽƵҪܺܶ˲رôһ㣬ҽϵĻôܹСܲڵ֮ⲢΣ
ǾֻѰƷˣҪôǼĸƷҪôҩеƷˡҪҵƷʸõģ൱װӦػظš
ңһѧƣһһҽԺķչãҪӴ֧ŲСʱ򣬻ٺܶѡ˵úΪѡ
ʵҽеҲãҩҲãһ˵Ʒ
ûн뵽ҽԺ֮ǰûӦõߵ֮ǰһƷĿ͹ԣ߱ԡ
ͺñܳɺͰھֻһͨԣһûκ֮
ܳɾʣҪȥѡļ۸ڸ͵ĲƷȥѡӴμƷճٴƣѡ
һӼ򵥵⣬ͨлߵǰһѡǸһѡôѡ񣿡
ǶͯĻøҩʰɣĻʵģָܿܳ˵Ĳ㡣
Ϊʲôأܳʡ
ҩӻ⽻õġѹ͡
ʶ٣ܳʡ
ûͳơҡͷ
ǵģûͳƣǼǧ֮һҽԱֵĻ߿϶ֹһǧһ򣬷һ߱û취⡣
ǻȥһǧĺͯͬʱõĻôպ֢ҲһӴĻ
ԣЩܺãЧڲã͵̭ЩֻзĴ棬ܹ¶׶ˡܳɶ԰˽͡
ܳ⻰Բ⣺ܳɣ˵Щʲô˼ǲңʲôˣ
ܳҡͷҲһεĳԡ
֪ΪʲôĿǰΪֹЩڵҩƷе˳ǹҵг֮Ŀǰûж𣿡
һγԣҪͨʱ䣬ͨһʱ֤ǹңܲǣõһԽܵĽⲻһӾö飬Ҫ֤
õĽҪɿһ˿©á
ԵḶ́ǲϧѺܴ۵ġͺñȣڳУͷôרҺͽڣڸؼУ֪רҺͽ򡣡
Եɴ۾ܳɣ˼˵Щʦֻһε飿
Ҳֻ飬ҲһΰҽƼ³Ĺ̡ȻҲΪһ飬׼ܳ۾
ʲô飿ʣͬһ汦
Ƿǰϣδڵô롣
Ӱɡܳɻ˵һ룬Ͳ˵ˡ
еˣӣ㲻˵ĻһʼͲҪⰡ

ͬʱھĳʵ
һȺ˾ۼһԲǰԲÿһλϣ԰ڷһݺļ棬ˣͶСˣǶϸؿǰı棬üͷš
ĬӽСʱһ˲Ŵ˳˵һΣɹԪƽԺʿ쵼ͷģCCϲϣҽѧӦõĻݺͶݣѾǳе˸λרҵǰ
ڼ뵽һٴĽ׶ΣίԱϿƽίԱᣬϣģǹĿǰΪרҵĸλרңٴ鿪ʼ֮ǰһݱݣԼİȫԣһ
ڴ֮ǰȾԪƽΪǴңϸµؽһ£CCϲٴӦеѧҹƻӭ
žžžžʱԲϣ
ԪƽƽȵߵԲǰ棬ȻСشԼỤԼĵϣͨߣӵPPTĻϣδû᳡ڵĵԡ
ԪƽڵڸλרҺͽڿʼ֮ǰλڣеʱһҪ͹ϽǧҪκ˵ӣκǻ߾ò֮һͷָ
һСݣһС۵ɻǶҪǽٴ֮ǰ
˵⣬Ԫƽ˹ؿʼԼĿͷض֪ĿǰҽҵڣΪڹ̶еɶͽƳɣ˸ָӵĹգȻӦõǵ֮С
ǣЩڹ̶ек󣬹еػ¼⣬һ岻ݣϵͳ¸ѧؼ
Щڹ̶еڴĹУĥĥڶѻڵ¾Ե֯ԡ⵼ڹ̶еɶ⡣
ڹ̶еں޷⣬Զڣȡ֮ڹ̶ĿԻд浽ڣһЩ޷ԤԶڲ֢⡣
ġ
CCϲϣ䱾ϣʵĹǼܣڣкܶC壬ҲCԪءԵʳӴþߣҲCˣǰ£ڵе
CCķʽڣҴﵽڹ̶еЧô⽫ҽѧչʷϵ̱
ǵĿ֮ǰѾⷽоδ룬ǣ飬飬һõЧ
һʵУϸʱֱ˲ͬŨȵCCϲϵķĩԼСͬĳƷںʵУλϸĻԵȣδ̫Ӱ죬ŨߵķĩϸȻֳ
ڶǷֱڲͬĶСţȸּУڲͬڣӦڹ̶еڹǿƵĸְ塢ѪܼСĤ˹Ѫܵȡ
ĿǰΪֹûгκβʷӦ֮ǰƷżµĲ⣬û֡
ĶƷߴη
Ϊ˽ڵõίԱͬ⣬ίԱһ־ԸߵƤ桢Ƥ£ԱЯʽҩʽҩĿǰΪֹûκβʷӦ
ֵһǣڴ֮ǰѾ·ҽѧ飬磬CCϲͿ·ӡȽӴƤ
CCϲϵĤȻױ
CCϲϵƷϵȶԲĶ󣬲֮࣬ǰѾ֤˲ϲĿǰ֪жԣ
CCϲϵˮ;ߵȡ
С
һϵнǰٴо֮󣬵ĿǰΪֹڣ
ֻһΪټģC۹Ļߣ˼ԹӦʱΣƺΣգδ֢Ŀǰһ̶ȵľ֢ĿǰڿС
ϽȻв֮Ϊߵİȫ˲δϸȡ˫äǲȡҽʦ顣
ԣϣλָܹ֮ͬҪԲԼ֮رڼеһٴ֮ǰλıƣԪƽʽ˵ݣҲǼΪϿҡ
ڹԪƽ˵֮һλ뾡׵߾Ц˵˲˵ô࣬ôоһβٴǰͬģҫģ
ڣˣһʽͬ飬Ŀǰǹڣģ棬ٷһͬˡ
ӰشϣλڣǧҪκ˵ӣʵǣκβأʽٴ֮ǰ˲˵
ֻǣ˵䣬ҲЩ
ҽҵĿǰĳʲôһǻо̶ȣйģĳ̶ȡ
ڶǣҽѧרȫѿ˹⡣
һΣΪӭӹڵһЩ־֮ʿɵĹҽгĶ˹ܶƷڳڼ۸ϵķʱıܱQ
϶û׼飬ҲûаյսǰǾѾһЩ׼
ֻǣһЩˣĿǰĵ㣡
Ϊеҽеֻڹһ𣬵ǣڲϣû̫ı
һΣܹеĲϸˣô⽫Ǹضڹҽгҽҵĵػ
Ժ˭Խ
ǵһ
ǣİС˵ЩںרңܹƵĻ۸ˣǾǻҽʱ
ȻһУǳԡ
ɹˣôͦȥˡ
ûɹôͻΪ⣬˷֮ϣ׸Ϊ˹Ľ棬ֻܹȥѸļǮȥѺõĶץסѱס
˲ǿҶҪһ⡣
ڣڣĿǰһС־֮ʿ
ơڿơƤÿҵҪ
Ȼ˲͹ڶôˣǾͲҪҲص̶ͷ˰һλͷͷͿʼţˡ
ȣƻ飬⣬ûǱ䰡ǽŲɣ
ԪƽԣЦزڼȻΪǱ㣬ǽŵıҪأڣרҵ򣬲ߴͽ̡
˲˸ưͿȻ˵ȣҴǰоʼ˵ݲ꾡Ȼ֪һδ飬ôҪݾȷ֮һ𣡡
С֮һ֣ǾʮڲˣǲεģҲҲ磬Ǿ¡
⣬ǰǷҪ⣬ҪϸϸؿºΡ
ǱҪһĲ߻ߣҪôҪôų꣬ܵüʶʶ


ʮ £
УĳKTVڡ滺ĸиɱƵİڣƮƮŷۺɫŮȣ˿ݺݺ࡭
ܳ㶿ȨԴֲƣ˵мң
ܳɸ磬ôţȨŶŮ˹°ͣһЦɫ
ܳɾҪվ뿪ҿھеõۣûħˡ
ܳɸ磬һ¡߰ģôȨܳվѾӰ쵽ˡŮǵ࣬Ͻܳ
ܳɸ磬ûоӲˣҲΪǹҵչзĻŲסȨ˵һ
˵£ϽġܳûץһѹӣŽྣ
ܳɸ磬ⲻǣǹ˾׼¸һеҲ֮ǰ͹ԪƽԺʿԼγԺʿ˺ŸͲеѾ뵽ٴ׶ˡ
ܳɸ͸ҵһݴȻҪúдһү
ŮϰˣصģżһµƷҲʧΪһȨ̫ؿڻš
ܳԣüͷһ׷ʣû˽̰ɣȨӣҸ㰡Ӱ㵱ֵܣ㲻ܺҡҪ̳⣬ʱû취
CCϲϵ飬ܳ·ݣѾǿʼ͵͵˽ˣҲ⣬ԼѿزˣԱ㽻Լλʦȥͷ
һͲٴеӦãǳѧƷĿ⣬漰棬ĳֵеҩٱǧֹӰ޴󣬷档
ңҪҵкܶ࣬ȾǲѧȻǹѧѧҽѧܳԼҪȥֵĻ治֪Ҫòܳɡ
ܳɸ磬ҵƷԲţǵĸ飬ǧҪɲźã
Ȩ˵ţȻüͷ壺ֻǣһ漰ķΧʵ̫ˣųҲȳȥ˺һݶ˾˵졢󲩵ȹҵ
ȨЩʧ䡣
ܳɾ˵һҶ󣬾п¢ϣȨӣ˵ʵҲ㣬Ҳһ˺ܸλõǸ㡣
λıλͲܵˣǱȻ顣
֮ǰһ΢۵ڹ̶еСС֣˾һҶûϵһҹ˾ҪѿعĳЩҵ˶Ը⿴ģһҶ󣬱Ȩƺ⣡
κҵˣȡ֮Ҳ֮
ȨһİжˣܳҲȰǷ֡
˵ܳɻû취׿͸ȨƵĸԣȫһаʿ
֪ҲҽҾ;ﲻ
ƾʲôרֵܵģҪȳǳһֲԼԲꡣȨֹ
ܳɱ㿪ˣԣΪ˵м£Ұο㣿
ȻǣȨæҡͷ
ʵΪܳɸǲյģֵҲͦ㰡ѧУѧ飬Ҷ֪ˡ
˵ʵҶ޲ãİͨͨȻһԱѧƶܱѧøЩҲ֪ô᲻ˣҲûô
ýǲһ¡
˵⣬ȨѹЩרˣһǳ۸Ҷǰ˵ˣץ
ܳɨһۼŮǵͶ󣬹ҲͶʮңСĿܲʮ˾ţȴسʼǮζ
ܳɵģʵǱ˵˵ģֻǣܳɲôϾǲǾǱôʴģ
ϾȨתͷܳһۡ
ʴҪʮ£һͷĸС
Ҹ˵ܳɸ磬ЩˣΪܺңרϰԤԼˣ˽ĳӣ߰ɣⶼʡ޵ġȨʼΪۣܳ
Ӧ֮ǰȨǾ仰ҪǮ˭ԵҪǮģ˭ܴ
ûµĻǺȲһ£ߡܳɵһ飬Ѿʴˡ
˵ʵ֮ģ˽֮Ȩ֪ЩŮĹ׵ģÿ˵ʣΪͬ
˵ǸɫɴȹŮɰﲨӯӯǸɫȹģнˮŮһһɫͶ룬·ֻ裬С
֮ˣζһմؾͻȥüһһ·չʾ
촽ŷţһջϣſջ
϶ǻ°Ȩ˵
ţ˵ܳɴ˿бɳϣɣȥѵıǣҲɴ£ֻǵţŸŮǵ鶯
ҿҪˡȨ֧֧ᣬˡ
ȨĻܳŵһ£ȻϽվȻƫͷȨ
ͻأĶȻŵǼŮǽӲһ£Ȼͣ˶֮󣬲Ȩʾ֮£衣
ǷĹҼŷĹȥûҸȨ̧ͷ죬Ŀɬ
ܳ뵽һֿԣ˭ܲסĿģ
Ȩԣ˲䱩ףûסԼTMǱˡҴΰ£Ųţ
ܳɺĸŨʼ¸ٻ
˵˵Ұ
⻰ļŮҲ˷̲סЦ·֮󣬲¿ʼˡ
Ȩȴһ֣֣ʲô߰ģ㶼Ϳˡ
ûǻ£ûûʲôνĹѪڣҺװףǣҾҪˣҼүӽģҪ𡣡
MDʵǿ˼Ҷ˵ݣҴΰ˶Ȩһ˵ı顣
˯ûУܳɷʡ
ǸҪ⣬û˯Ļ÷ַ֣˯˵ĻҲԿԼԸ⣬˭ô죿
˯ˣû˯˵ǣ˯ˣû͹(ܳܳ)Ȩʼơ
˵⣬ַּŮ·ʼЦͻ˻֣ͷȥ
ҲǸϽ뿪
ܳȨļ򣺡ϸ˵һ£ô£
дλħˣ
ңˣԼķ˯ˣԼģϡȨǿ
ܳɵ˵ͷȻأ
Һ֮ǰҶû㣬ټסǰᰡûһصû
Ȼ󣬵ڶϣһ𣬱Ƶ绰ˡ
TDԼ˯ԺͨˣȻǶڴƵ绰ƵͷͶңԺ˯һأͷңһͿһ͸͡Ȩˡ
ôأǸܳٴκ㵽ôȥȨȥģ
˵һôԿףҼҵıԿףȻȥԿ׵ġȨš
Ȼͻ˴ϣôãǱӺ˰
ҲֹһεصҰܳɿʼЦϷÿ֮ǰЩɺÿˡ
ȨԹضܳһۣ׻Ϊ㰡磬㻹Ц㲻Ҹ磬Ҷһ١
Ҫ˵ͶԵʼܳɵĺĸģֻ밡ȥ֤ʵһܳ˵Ǹˣǲɫأ͸㵽˶Ĺۣһ㷢ˡ
ֶܳɺ棬ϣԼæ˵ܳȥʲôݣȻͿʼˡ
ɺûʲôϵһûýûܣû˼ҡ
κˣ´Σ߮ˡܳɿЦҲȨˡ
Ƕ㣬ȣֵܹȥһˣ˭סϣ˶֮ΪħԺǿƵСħŮȻᱻȨˣΪӢۣ
ЦֵҶˡ
ʵɣ˵ʵҶûر𷴸УҪ˵رĺøУʱûУߵļͶʼˣ˵ϴСˣ档
˵ʲô£Ȩ̯˫֡
Ͷأʲô뷨ܳʣԼǵ˰
ҿ϶ͬⰡ㣬û̬ʧ״̬ҹƣ϶ֲ԰ԼķĹ֮ǰú÷һΣ˵ܰԼӷĹſڣ
ȨѾǿʼ˼άˣһͲˣ컨ƵأǶڣ̵˰Ů޸ңǶܲ
ܳȥ
ʣԣԴǼܻ֮˳У쵷Щ
ܳɾãⰡȨ̣һֱͦߵô
϶̺֮䣬Ҳбʵġ
šȨͷ
һˣֵۼ֤ģܳɸ棬϶ҪʱУܳɸ磬ϡ
ٺٺٺ١ȨʼЦ
ܳﻹ˼ȨЦ򣺡Ȱһ䰡ȥħ˵˵ףþܾܾﶶ飡
ĽֲǶϷô𣿲飬ȥͶ㽲ֻҪ˵ףôһжô
㻹ƨĹأܳɾȨ⣬Ҳټˡ
ԼǰҲĸ̥Ҳô̥ˣ߮ƣڶԼˣȨͶϾĸ̥˼ά
Ȱɣ
棬ҪȥȨܳ˵ʽǺЦЩ̫Ը
治ԸǸСħŮˡ
ȨãڳУ徻úܡ
㰮ȥȥֲԼͺãѣϵ顣ܳʵ˵
ǳûкܶľ飬û취Ȩر࣬رõĽ顣
ȥɣһǾã˵ȽϺáȨૡ
˿̵Ȩ͸ӽˣҪһ£ܳ˵ȥ˽нǺú÷һ¡
ܳأû˵ʲôˣֻڳԹϵͬʱЩȨ
ȨǮΪֹɲǵ˸ϣȴԼҪʲôͲҪʲô㲻̫ˡ
Щ
Ҫǳ׸裿ܳɽ顣
԰
ȨҪúõطйһ£Ȼ㿪ʼ˹ǺƵ˻𣬰½ġŮǣ±ƣ֪ôʲôĽ࿪ʼˡ

ʱˮһΣһ£ȥˣ
ĳһ죬ܳٴδרԺУڿλʱܳſڣԼĽ̲ĸ˺ˡ
죬һѧˣ
λͬѧ˯ϿˡܳɿЦź
ʲô˶ͷ϶ֱ۵ۡ
Ȼѧñ£Ժҹ٣ĩɼ񡣡ܳɵƢȽϺõġ
ҿǸѧ۾һԼĹƱ
˯һĹֿ˼ʦҽԺ﹤һµнǶٰ
ܳɸоԼܵ˱˺
һѧģһΪ۵СŮϿθ档
λͬѧϿξͺ棬һֱλͬѧܻشһҵô
ϵҡͷʦԺ󲻵ҽ
ҽΪʲôѧҽܳɵЦݽ
ǳߵ򻹲岻ã߶ȼټꡣ
Ϊʲôң
ʦ˧ܳʮֵĹ

һѧȲˣ
ҵʲôȻŰģ


ʮ һֳ
¿κ̬ѾΪϵܳɣЩ̲סҪߵļˣЩƣ
ϣһȺԼ죬ܳҲ֪ǲܵ飬û˸ǵԼƷԼҲôѡ
ȻܳҲ˼ǲԼĴ̵⣬ȻȥЩѧĿЩϣܳɿ˼ʶ
˯ġС˵ģǶǺŵˣ͵͵ؿAбŵʦ棬͵͵̼ġ
ܳãȨδô棡
ı鲻Ծ°Ƚ磬ǰ˼׼ʳģк˿ͷܳɻЦݽҼ١
ͻȻˣʲôǶҪֹϣϡûҪûҪġ
żѾħ˵ܳɣ㽨飺ܳɣҪͱǸʲôѧ˰ɣûҪúõصҽͲô
ãܺã϶ǷǳõġҲ;ְһѧڣұСܳ˻ص
ڣĺˣȥҪԼʦԼǸ챻Ⱥǻ껪Ůĥһ࣬һʮˣڶ飡
ܳɺͰ˵ţܳɵֻһ£ʦҺеף˵Ǹȼ֮󣬵ʲôӺָˡ
Ŷָ˾ͺãлеĻϢģһѧԱ3һӣƤҲܺڡ
ֳж£ûϺôѧҵԼĸȥһ¹˿ͷӻͷġ
һ㣬㹻ڿңֻȻڿңרԺУѼʽ£Եû̫ڱ
ŴѾҪʼѧ⸾Ϊʵϰ׼ˣ
ͬʱϰпʱҲҪӦŽܳɽ
ʦҪֲʻϵͳʰֳţˮıͷͬͬա
ѧһɡܳʵ޶ѧĶͱ뱻ʵܹպͽܵĶʵޡ
õģллʦֳ廹ǿôһ䡣
ܳɷϢ֮󣬾ذѳ˳˵ѾѲˣأ׺ڰأ
ֱʣвˣǸ½ɲѧģҲϰѧп˵ƿأѡ
ǳ˳ζ˵Ǻڰеˡ
ˣոֳҷϢˡ˵Ѿʼ˷Ҵ´οܳ˻ص
룡˫ſһȻĻȡ
ܳ˳§һ£Ȼٷſ
һ⣬һ˿ټһ峴޲ˣ򵥵úܡ
˶󣬰һ߶룬һ˵ܳɣҴ绰ˣ˵ǿԿʼ׼ĻɴյˣãʲôʱȥȽϺʰ
ұȽϲѩ˵㣬
ȥ̫ԶĵطĻǾȥɽİɣ
㲻䰡ܳɷʰġ
¡룬ǱȽϼᶨԼľġ
ʱ𶳸ð˲źáܳ˵
Ů˶ǱȽֵɣ䣬ǶͲôˣȲ䣬䲱Ӻͼ䡭
İɣģһעġǾãѩϲĳʵҲż˵Ļڣ·ݣǸڣȽʺϴɴ
ʣܳɣʲôʱٴѽ㲻ôһֱѲѧȥɣ
ܳѾٴһ¶࣬ӽˡ
ǶԿ鲢֪飬񣬴󲿷ֵĿңɶ̫ܡҲ֪ʲôԭ򣬼ɱһʵҩҩָܿصģһЩȽϳõҩҲǴҽҽԺʧ
ֹ̣Ȼǰע÷ǳġ
ҪһǣԼڽеĿ֮УһҩĿǰֻù֪ܲͨ༭ˡ
϶ᣬֻڣ϶ҲʺϴٴϣҲ飬Ѳһ¡
Ǵ̣ʵҲԼѧϰѧһġܳ˫Ŀ˵
ȻЩ˸ܳɴ޾ʹ࣬ǣǵãȴܳɣӼţԼҪһЩܹѧˣоã
ѧˣΣҪԼ֮·ǧ߽ҽ·ϣˡ
ּ˵ܳɣǰЩʫ˵߮綼۵סԺˣ˽﷢Ϣң˵ϣܹ棬ȥ߮һ£ʱһĹԲ
⼸죬߮绹ڲֹ
ܳԣӣȫζ֮ɫ㲻ӦȰһȰĹ߮綼ôˣܡ
벻顣˵¡вֻǲˡ
ܳڰʾʲôˣҲǸˡ
˵ľ£ҲԸȥæǣڲãҲܳڿȥֱӽӴʲô⡣ܳɶ԰ҡͷôһ䡣
Ϊʲô⡣
߮ǲһˣ
ڶãֱ̫߮߰ͲǸˡΪܳɵѣΪµˣ߮ĺܶ
ֻǣһˣ߮۽
ˣ۵סԺˣܳɻȥæҽѧԺɽˮһ㣬⻹е㲻̫ʵġ
ΪһҪֻǽ̽鰡ġܳɾ͵
ȻĻΪ߮粻ô
ʲôһֿʼ϶ֿܳ϶͵͵ʲô˲õˡ
ڵȣ
ʲôңڵȨ㲻ҪΪϴκȥҾ治ֻ֪ǲԸ˵Ĺģͬһֻܡ
Ҳһ˵©졣
ܳȻһ£Ҳǿ£̹ףҺȨӱȥģʲô֪˵ģ
ڵһµĵң£ƺܿͻᵽ
ԤУ¡ǱҪסܳĿ˵
Щ飬֪ܳ½Ǭˣӹ⣬ǨƵ˻Ĺں󣬿ܵһʱ˲ǣܻзֵʱ
ʱ򣬽ᷢһǳĽ棬Ľ棬ҪȫԸҪеݷ㡣
ʲô£ٴϣôʻҪأ߮ǸϵĿ⣬ҪҪܳɺӣʼ
ѾкܾúܾãܳɶûˣǣΪˣ֪ܳԽô£϶ͻԽҪ
ϲ֮飬һĲϣʺʣÿԽֻ֮Ҫ޴Ծ͸
ǾͶǿԽܵġ
ܳɵĿͣҲʼޱʵӱߣͲﾺ˸֡
ߣҲߵһֻ֡ڣһǲʣһǲ
ģ̣վ򲡹ʣͶ̫࣬ʮǧ޷ָ糣ҪУ죬ʵǴ治ġҽ͵ÿôһ㡣
ɫʼ𽥲ҰףԷ׽Ķͣˣ˼ؿܳɣʱܳɣİ·֮ǰδǸˡ
βˣǰһֱļֵͻȻ˴ơ
ܳɣΪҲԣܳɣ˵ʲô
ܳ̾һ
ֻͻȻд˸п⻰ҽģ֮ǰйӴϴѧҽԺһλڽġҾûеġ
ǣǣҲô˵ҲɷѾʼ
ܳɽĻе
ȻеģģˣģͶܶ࣬ҲǶһ˶ѣ˶ԣŸԵĽɫ֮֡
ǶٴĻԣһˡ
ٸߵĲ棬ֻһûͶ塭
ҾáҽӦףҪȥⲢҳԽıʣȥԾ
Щ˵еģЩҪҲȻǲеġ
еˣӦ֪ҽʵںͼ֪棬вҪﵽܹԿάȵĻ
ԷƱǿܻƵϡܳЦŵ
ܳɣʲô˼ʡ
϶ҲˣĿǰľ棬ʵ˵ġҽһ飬ǳԽ࣬ԽǳףӴݵĲǵľԽѡ
ʵϣǳߵĶҲȥ벡ĹߣΪģǿģ
ֻи֪ܹ״һͿܡ
ͺñȣû˽һ֮ǰôܺͲһƶģԴԭеĿܵʱôµͻὨ
벻ƵĹУ϶£һܴ顣һЩ
˼ûôףƺߴϣֺΣյӡ

գ
ϣ㡣
ܳɾͱ绰ˣͬʱѵģа
֮󣬰֮꣬ǰ˯
߮磿ʲô£˵סԺˣðɣܳɸϽʡ
ˡҲˣ߮Щ
ʲô
ҷһƪ£㿴һ°ɡ
Ȼ߮΢ţƸܳɣһƪģ
ֻбԼߡͶڿݡȻͨѶַ
ڻѧ½侭ѧ˵ѧϵо
󣬷ֱǣ
ɭ£R/ݲ˹׹
ʲôʱ飿ܳʵԸţ飬ᷢʱ̣ᷢǰƪ£ȴѾһС
Ŀǰҽƽٵأڲء
һԵ͸ҲΪ˳ֻΪ棬㹻֮ڻĿԼӦݸˡ
֮󣬲ǶԱ굱ǰĵƣûˡµӣѴʵʽȥⲴ˵ĶܿǱʮǰʹȻٴζ۵Ķ
ܹõһЩǮ
ݵռɡ£ⲻǶܹ飬϶Ǵһʼ˿ʼй¶ˣ
½ǬʦĵǣǶԵģ߮˻ظ
ȻϷģǣ϶ݵй¶Ͳϣ
в鵽˭𣿡ܳʡ
ʱûжۣѾһΧˡ
߮һȻ̲סʣܳɣ㵱ôԤϵһģǰаʱ䰡
ģҵġ
ܳѾ𰸣ֻ˵֮ĲУ֮ĲޣӲΣǽ֮£Ƶˣܹ۵ġ
ϣҪǼ˰ɣȻĻе˵ġ
ָ֪߮ܳ˭ģܳϤǼǣ߮Ҳ˵׼ôӴʹ£ҪҪҪҪˡ
쿪ӦþüĿˡ
ܳɸ磬ڣͿʼ𣿡߮˿Ϊʣ
ܳҡҡͷʲôڶûȥأż
ؼʱ̣и߸ġܳɴ˴Ƿ
߮˲俪ʼŹ


ʮ ʲôã
գһ磬֮󣬱㿴һƪѾѵģһеĹںţҹϹ
㿪һݺ󣬰ˣϽܳɣܳɣˣˣ㿴
ԼֻĻܳɿдţ֮ܳǰ˺ܴ˼ĻۣȻ⼸ѧߵĿоײˣ
ǻȷ£ⰴ󵽵˳ܳ߾ͺܱ˰
ȻۣȡʲôרԺϵһʱ뵽⼸λߣƪ£ܳɡ
൱ȡ˹ʵժҲôժİ
ܳ˹۾װϣ߮͸ûԼ绰ʲô
㿴ǻص£һЩϸݡܳɣ˵⵽ײideaǳڹܽұصʡ
ײоĿԣȻСҲǲܷ顣
ܳؿ˿ĸݷİһ˵Ҳ֪ʲô߮ڸ𣬼ȻڸĻҾȲôˡ
߮绹пļλܣӦԵĲԡ
ǣԼĿ⣿Ҿһǳˡ
һ⣬˽ȵˣô죿ʼż
Ҫ֪ԵĿ⣬Ǻлһ˳ҽѧѧ߽ģڰ֪ܹܳͨߵõѽݾκѧѧλҲãٷʹʽҪӽݾٱϡ
ֻǻԵ֪ԿѣӦԵĿ⣬ȹǵ֣Ҳ޷ԵĿ⣬û취רġ
ż϶취ġ
Ȳܡܳɺܵ
ǣǾ벻ס
ûʲôǵȥϰɣ飬ǾֻҪصȷӦͺˡܳЦЦ
ʵ飬߮˿󣬹ίԱᣬȻһôУⱾͲϳôģ
İţȷԡ
밲żͬǡ
кüʵ棬һȺϼһֱӱըҩͰ
УԾҽԺĹֶڸֱһΣΣ˸ӵģҪǱˣҷǵʺʮ˴С
ֶڵֱӿһλѧϽھ˵£ȷεúܣҲƪ£ڵݣû˿
ң֪ƪ漰ݽṹ֮ɣģͺά֮ϸпԣҪӽ
ֻԭһ˶йܣȻԷʱ޿̵ؽݵǣԷһģһĿ⣬Ҳͬʱô֣ϣѾչĿ⡣
Բܣһλ̾ͷλѧڵĻ
ĻԲûаϢûκһܹΡ£ԲΡ
Ҿãпܵһǣǿ齨֮ǰѾйˣȻʱйܣҾʱ齨п֮Ŀƻ൱Ƕάϳ⡣
һֲ
Ҧ˵еǣݣ˭йܵأ
еݣֳݣֱ𱣴ͬİ칫ңֻеԿܹÿûԿ׵£ǿд򿪾ͻԶϵͳ
ң϶ҡû˼ˣҲҽԺģҺαظûͷûԵ£ֶһ֡
ÿ칤Żȥʱ䣬ûĹߣŲϵԿ׸λڶЯģ뿪֮Ҳйܡ

ûһֿܣǾͬʱһµйܷҲô⡣
ܣ
˴ͨãأʮˣʮŸˣܹͨúôҲ˽ŷ

ͬʱڿסԺ߮磬ҲǱȿ˸绰顣
Ϊ˻߮綯ֽţʱ㣬߮ͻȻסԺˣͷǳΡ
ɽڣÿйܵΪʲôأ
ҪôĻ⿪ʼ֮ǰֱһǮƾʲôҪóôһأ߮綼Цˡ
λڣ߮ǲְģǵɵģҿԽܣǹʱ䣬λںʦȣҪ˺ܶࡣ
Ҫ˵йܣҾô˵ɣʦ֪⣬Ͷйܡ
߮ĻȻҲûë
߮磬ֻΪ߮ʱ䣬ԡ
绰һɽھ͵Ҷˣ߮署еģҪйܵĻȫûбҪȵʱͿ԰ȥˡ
ԣҾǻҪӳ顣
Ǵûע⵽ʲôˣҼǵú˵ǵʵǰɣǾûпܣӴؼݣ


߮˻˭й֮ʱ
ĳд¥мΧŶ
Ъ˹ϣһṩ鱨ǴģӰ쵽˹˾棬ôȥϵ۰ɡұ֤һŮˣݸݣͳӹɡ
ڽŮǰһװźɫñӵ꣬ĵ֮ɫȻ𾴵Ŀ¿ɷˣܱ֤˵ÿһַʵġһεĻгѾٴΪʮǰģ
ĲˣʹǻȥȺ;꣡
¿ɷˣҪ֪Щ꣬ľ÷չһֱڵľͶ룬ԶȼʮǰҪö࣬ضǳƱʵ̫ˣ
Ъ˹˵꣬һŨĽë꣬˴ͷЪ˹̽Ϣʵġʮļ۸ܹ򵥣Ļ
Ǳ˾ȥˡҪ֪ڻʵеĿǲɹߣܴܴ󡭡
ЩǿֵһЩռġ
ȻŵЪ˹ͷ
ڣ϶Ѿǿ֮ĩˣĿɽϣܹ߳һһҽѧ·Դı䵱ǰĽ֡
ǳԹߴͳҽѧ·ߣעʧܡͳҽѧȫӦִҽҪԼҽƻ
ǻԹߴ·ߣﵽҽƵЧǣǻʧˣΪҲ֪ŵһҽڣж೤
ңŵҽĿǰȫ类̶͵ģԣ·Ҳȫ췽ҹ̷
ǾȻ쿪Ҫȥ⣬Ҫ¶ƻĽѧ
ţҾǿ϶Ƿˣܹȥ¶ΪһЦһͷβЦ
㿴ŵЪ˹ݸŵһݸմӡ־Ϊ׵ģһƪڻ۵ԼӦϸݡ
Ъ˹áŵտ⣬Ҫ
Ъ˹ȴŵȿ

ͬʱ׹ĳʵ
˴һǰԷһдĴӡļ¼ŸָݣȻܽĸҪ
ģЩ²ʲôö̫ˣʵĻôڵڵĴ󲿷֣ܶҪдˣ
ǵģ࣬ԱоҲԱ룬ǣڿҵ֮ǰҵ
ЩͲóϡ
Щǳˣôе˾جΣǵǰףĶ϶ǵʹͽ
ûϵѾռȨǱҪõķ죬㲻췽ҲҪڹרͥ˾Ҫһֱ򣡡
ѵǸģûлоҵӦ𣿡
ȻУⶫҲǼ޷ĴøƷȻλ֡
𣿡
һԣ


ϣߵ࣬߮űŹ˵绰顣
ƣ͵ʵǶסˣԾٴθܳɴһ绰ܳɣܲˣֱܲӸң˭ף
Һֱӱȥʵ̫ˡ
Ҳ֪ܳ߮缴Ҳֻܺε˵
ȥģŵĹ滮ͰõģϸôͰ߮ôõģܳҲһŲ֪
Ҳ֪ʲô˼߮㶡
£߮Բ֪ǿˣԲ֪ܳôԲ֪أ
治֪߮磬ʵʵĻԳϵһ¹˲֪һǰ㣬ȫ֪ġʵܳһõļƣڵ֮أǸϿذѽѧ۸ƺã׼ӭڶĴ
ҪƣȻĻֺܴ⣡
ȥģܳɣܸܲңǸʲôð߮֡
ͰֻһݾͺˡҲδؾǹá


ʮ Ļ
11µףһ֮УĩӣͬҲҽҩҵÿҽԺɹڶԺҩƷеʱڵ㡣
ڹǿ罻ϣ¬ǿĿǰҽԺռǿȥʮ·ݵʮ·ݵĺĲġҩƷĵǼ嵥ݣҪ輯вɹϣأܹ΢һӦĲϣǿͳһ֮󣬺ϱȥ
¬򻰱ϣͯѰͿˣ˵¬Σϱݣ𣿱ʱǱȥûãǿ鷳
ʮ·ݣǿǳ˶˺ĲĵģûĲˡУ飬һȾĲˣҪýڵĿأֿؾ·ݶҩҲûҵġ
鷳ôǺãеЩҩ˸飬ҩƻ绰ˡ
ͯѰʼ²ۡ
벡ֱӽӴģһߵٴԱβã˵ʲôɣǶǿģ鷳ģǵҡ
¬͵ҲҪͳţҪͳƳܲ뵽취һ£ţҩԼҽ֣϶뵽취ģģҲֹǿңҽԺ
ǸˣҽҲˣҲ崴һΣΪûҵеҩԻǸˣһ£ѾϱҽԺİȫҽƣҲҪ취Ͳͨһ¡
ѣҶҪ˷һ¡
¬ҲֻܴεĽǶȣͯѰͯѰѲҲ鷳
¬Ļ˵Ҳ㶣֮˵¬Σʵɣͯ˵ҩڻģֻǼ۸еף˽
һ֧ǧ࣬ȷе̫ˡҲû˵˵ĸȾʵҲȽϺõİ취ĻҲֻܺͲ̸ҩˡ
ô˵һ䡣
¶࣬ܳѧĶ٣չ˳ķΧҲǢⶼ¬йͣ˵ʵڷ·Ƕƽ
£ʵ취ҶȹѹأбҪġ
ͯѰԣǧ࣬ⲻֱ𣿡
ҩڻûлҵõ˽AǲϷģҽҵչġҲû취ҡͷ
ǧ࣬һ֧϶û⡣
ǿػǰƳģôã˭ļҵҲס
ȫΣǸ飬ְѵ⣬𣿡ô֮¬ʡ
ôûУûظĻ߾ʹ⳧Ҵˡ
ûظֻ˵С¼û˵Ҽ⣬ڲ²ø־ְ塣ȫ׿ֵڳ鴤˵
ɵߣǺãںҵˣһְٶ飬Ҫֳ򣬱˻ôŹ֡
һ˵˾зѾȡˣھǰ·ߡȫ׿˵
¬ԣ̾һܻô䣬Ҳ޹ģֻܾˡһʱ䣬ѹһεĲɣļܲվͲհɡ
ȻĻѹʣԽԽˡ
ҩƷֲȫеޣɵܲУ⻹ǹǿƣΪô
˶Ĭ

ͬʱҽֵһּɣҲںҵؽ֮ˡ
вɹҽͳ£ʡ֯ɹˣ̶ҩƷвɹ飬вͬҵͶꡣ
УڻԹ˾ͶҩƷеһҹ˾ȻҵҲкܶ࣬ϣÿһ࣬вʮҹĸҵꡣ
ʡȥɵĶ֮Уعһˡ
ÿͬ˾ϱļ۸֮ˣ̲ס鴤һһӦüһﰡ
ȥȣһЩڻǺʵЩ˾Ʒۣ㷭ϣͲ֪ܲܰѼ۸ȻǼ¡
һЩҵС˾ǵ͵ֿȥ궼ҪһЩҲ֪ǵǴѹ˳ɱԤ㣡
ʵͬ˾ɾķʽǲһġ
һЩСҵĻ϶ֱȽϿľ۱׼ͨбꡢ̸ۡеȲͬʽȷļвɹƷ֡
ڻĴ˾ڹгݶ͵Ĺ˾ݽϸߡֽϺõƷ֣
ǿɲ󲿷ַҩٴۡԼۻתΪëƷļɹ̡
Ъ˹ŵس̸ǰȻ󾲾صȴһ׵ķķţڻĹȣԼóĶ޷̵ģ
Ъ˹ٴηԸԼŶӣռϣѾ뱸𣿡
ǵģЪ˹Ъ˹ԣһʮֲ͵˵
㲻ŭǸˣӦ֪⣬Ҿ̸ǹˣЪ˹ͣ˵ͣҡͷʾƽһ㡣
һӢ˵Ъ˹һǼᶨظƼҵķЪ˹Ӧ֪ѾǶ֮ǰˡ
¢ϲԵҵģʽֻз㱻Ҫ֮ѡǲӦðѸķգ̯ĳһңĳһ
stopshit
Ͳó㣬ҳȥﲻӭ㣬㲻óڹ˾Ҳó̸ϡЪ˹ֱһָ
Լȥʿһ㣬ǲǴܣֻ顣ȥһԣ
һԼĲϣ˱˫ۣһҲû֣Ҳ֪Լ£ȴҲǱǿƴߣ
һһ߽ʱЪ˹ֱԼ֣ʵݹȥһݣȻģʹļ˵ڻԻֹ˾ܾ䲻ǻˣǿһѪܵ֡
ҺΪ˾֮ǰçײ߶еʮź뱯ʹˣܹ˾ļ뱼֮£ջ˵ǣزܷôһƬأԼƬϣɰˡ
Ъ˹˵Թž֮ڣ֪кѣҶԣڹ˾پ޴ѹսʱҲܹ֮ȡҰо
Ъ˹⻰ŵļ˺ЦûЦǲ²õӦһ㻪Ļ̵ģҪɿ飬ǾԵòײࡣ
Ȼװأǹ˾ĿǰҲڳطĳѹһѹǲòг֣ǾԲڻ˶޹˺ʵǸ⣡
Ъ˹˵֮󣬾Լˣַˣһۡ
һݱۣûбעȥļ۸ΪԱȣֻǹ˾һεıۣ˰ٷ֮ʮĴۿۣ
ٱעϵķôдsales
֮ҡҡͷԼҲóһݱҲ˵Ъ˹ǴŻʮˣ̸һܴгʵĻгܹܹ˾ȥؿг
ԣЪ˹ǽǴֿ̬ȣΪеġ
Ҫ֪˾ǰѹ˾ɲƷǰΪΪּġȻҩƷδõʱƷ
ǣʹüֵֻڲ˺Ҫϣ֡ԣϣ˾ܹ濼ǣһĵļ۸
Ъ˹Ҫ˵óһļȻ˵Ъ˹ǹңȵƽ룬ˮƽֻ׹ʮ֮һڹȣʮ֮һ
ԣû취֧ô߰ҩõģǹ˿ڣ׹ıڹȵʮǣǵֵֻǡ
ȻˣЪ˹ȻϿҵ˵һݣǻĿǰ˿ڻҵôǵҲǱ˵Ϊǹҽˮƽչޣ࣡
ˣ£ڼͶ£ϣЪ˹ܹһǳϿҵļ۸񣬶˫ȥļ۸ллñȽϳɣ˵ҲȽ϶أǳء
Ъ˹ݣǿˣ˵ʵ˽ǶȶԣҪƹרıݣӡѧϰҽҩרһӰǣԼҵרᵴȻ޴棬൱ֱ˰ã
Ъ˹ԣһ˵˵ʵҲţ˵ռ䣬ʵڵġǣװҪ֪ǹ˾ҪͶʻرʵġ
Ŀǰǵгܶ෽ĳұҪ󲿷ֵʽĳгʵгޡޣŷޱصгǲг
˵ʵܾͲ̫ĲƷļ۸⣬ֻҪãȻɱչ˾ҽԺ̸ֱ۸񣬹ֻҪԷѵĲָȫǡ
ǱҪסгǸļ۸Ѿһܵߵļ۸ˡΪǱҪֳľס񡣡
Ӧ֪ǹ˾ṩĺǺƵģҲǺƵģϣܹǵһ㣬ǿṩܶᣬҽ
ǿǣȥκһҵκһŵҽԺޡȫѵġЪ˹̸ֿ˿ſѪڵҪѪ
Ļ˵п£⡣


ʮ ʩߣ
һεļ飬֮һˣеϢ
ģӰĸ֣ҲһΣɲɹĸֽרŶԽڻԡֿĴҵı֣
ϢҺ󣬽ȷԸȥݣȻԸӰһˮոЪ˹ɫˣΪβ䲻ͼӹƣȡһٰеҽе
ӰҡͷôֱӰѶԷŭȻ̸ȥ̸ʱ룬;ٽǹҵг
Ǻ⣺˵ѧȸУ˾ѾһµĲϣĿǰѾ㷺Ӧõ˸ҵô
ǲٴ׶Σңٴ飬ĿǰȽϹĽݣڹǿơԶĶ˵ѪܡķӦã漰Ĥ­ѪܵҪλģôô׾ֱӿʼٴ飿
ûиһٴ۲ڣȷͲޱ̬ӦֶԲװٴٴ׶ΣҲܣ
ڵȷǺܱһЦǵߣ
ӰʵҲܸӣ֪ԼһǱΪģңѣԼҪװӡ
û취ͲҪٴӦãҪʱȥ֤⡢ۡԶĶѪܡƤµȣǼǳ⣬ҲֱҪ˾ǽ֫õһ磡
ֱҪٲλͰЩ²ȥһκβ֮ȴ˵ģֻ
һ㿼ǣѾ֯˶רһ飬ջǲȡΪصĽٴ·ߡȻᱻݺݵҧһڣţǴ״̬£Ҫ顣
ǾôǰѿסôűףⲻˣǾһѴ󵶣ҪûٵԩǮ
ӰĵţҲȫܻػҪѡʵĻػ취ֱһζذѺ·ϵⲻ֮ѡ
ڻԹ˾ҪгĿǰҽҩ棬ҲҪڻԹ˾Ҫôֱ˳ʽɱʽľѡ
ϾЩ˾ԣʧ棬Ƕԣûкʵ֮ǰǾǻ
⼸˾棬ǿڻԡֿɣÿһҹ˾ҪĶһҪ໨һҲҪģ˵ɣҲδزûƷӰŶͷ˵
ԣһ㶣Ȼʣ˵ڻԹ˾ǵıԼѡ֮󣬻᲻ֱӱ̸ˣ
Ӱ΢΢üųĿԣҲѾ㹻ϣ϶ҪһȽϺǾͼķ
ôһгκο˾޷ԵģһӰ˭ҲƣںгʵӼңû˵ôʡ
ʡعЩѧ˵ڹ⣬гľҳ̶ȣԶʤڹڣϣһҵҵҪ볡һңǺѵ顣
ڻҵ֮صĺгǱ֮ء
̸бսҪǵ棬Ҳ̫ꡣ
˵ϣʱǻĴͳҽѧܹվһƬ죬ǻִҽѧḶ̌ҲǰȥǾͲˡ
Ȼĸо̫ˡ
˵ǹҵĴͳҽѧû취ô
Ӱԣɫ壺ô˵ᷢչǱȻƣͳҽѧҲоĲ֣ҲѰҷչͱʲôֻ㴫У㴴µ·ӣǾֻ·һҪ䡣
ͳҽѧ棬϶мõķӵģѰѿء޺ķЧЧķ֣˲ԲҪôǶԲˡ
ڣ󲿷ˣѰνͳҽѧܹһͳһһ֢ҵôӦĹϵǴͳҽѧͷչˣ
ҲĶӦϵһΣಡͬΣ̫ˡңͳҽѧҲȻһЩƣͺñڵĳˣֽ͸ˣŴʱûиֽ
оǣһЩļˡѣЩƶˣ㵥ҩȥҽЧ
ȻɷϵǣһЩȽ£ͳҽѧҲǿڼﷶģķչҪһоִŵȥƶ
ʱܻԶˮȲ˽𡣡
˵ͷε̾һѵߵĻȥ
Ӱԣ˵һ죺ڱ£κζ䣬ֻǵ˻ûɷϵǣĴͳҽѧ綥ҽѧǶԱǹʮһȫҽˮƽ
û취飬Ҫ䣬α䣬Ҳ֪
֪ѧҽΪҽķչ˵㻰áʵĿǰѾˣÿҽԺ棬ҽԺȥúôУԼĽѧۣһһظǷչ;
Ǯңġ
ԣûٶ˵

ͬʱЪ˹һ棬ƿڴshitһĻ쵰ûԼʱ;볡
϶˾ǿһţһΪ˱סгĻǲôֵ
ֱٷ֮ʮҽеٷ֮ʮҩƷ˭ҵȥҳ
ûԼĻ쵰һҪؼȥιţģ
Ъ˹һַ飺Ъ˹ãûпܸͲǵĻ鵥ԼǻԼҵֵĳʲô
Ǹ˾֮ǰ͸һ΢Ƶеڹе۶ٽ˰ٷ֮ʮϵг
Ъ˹ҡͷⲻܣ
ǰҲйе˾󲩵ȣǸͲһȼٴԶǻȫﲻȱ׼
Ǹ˾ܹ֮Եڹ̶ееĸֻΪǴ£ôС
С˵ͷ£Զԭڱ˵ƨɺߣԶҲû취ȣʱǿн¢ϡ
˾еģʵҵȫǿʽۺ񣬸ͲССֵгңлΪ̣Ϲڵг㹻Եıģʱõĺг粨ݻ
Сǵһ£Ъ˹ǳ֤̽ʵˣ֮ǰҩгңһأ뻪йأңͳأô
һɣһΣ϶͵͵ظʲôǵСġЪ˹ҲǻжϺ۹⣬ֻпϵĽ顣
Ъ˹㶣૵ǴģܹĽ԰ĳëŶЭĻǲǲܡ
ϾĿǰ׹ǰ޵ȵأаٷ֮ʮϵĿѧңǻᣡ
Ǻܴģһ˻
ʵһܲҵϢҲǸϢǵгѾǹϷˡ
֪С϶ǬݼţǱԼݻٵģһ鼫ΪӴζĵ⡣
ǾǸ½ͽҪҪµġȫ֪Ǭݹ˾һֱ׿Щ˵һǽ
ԼǽƵˣǬݹ˾ıҵݻˣ
ǷչǱڶǳޣҪȡʤ֪𣿲
Ҫ棬ǿʵ£òǱҪȡø棬ĿġЪ˹˵
ʣЪ˹ĿǰǸµĻۣô
㲻ҪˣͲôϣñˣ׹Rֱ࣬ΥȻԭĶ
ġShit
治֪Ҫʲôãţǿ϶ǵĵжԹ˾Ϊ˴ѹǣǵ׽ģΪǮЪ˹ҡͷ
û취ȥʲôĲߣRӹ׹⼸ҵĵ̣ģرǰӹݼRݱƷ׹ҽǱˣ
һƳǸʲôֱۣΪڵƣһµĻĮӪĻеҽҩ˾ϴƣ
ֵ߸ԵĶͲóϡ
Ъ˹Ŀ

УҽҽԺ¥
ܳɺͰ˻ϣ˫꣬ܳһڵԧףڴ绰
ʫ꣬⣬С׽ˡҪɽ͵ĻԼɡ
鲻ôˡں߮ʫͨĸ׼һۡ
˳֮󰡣һۡ
ܳɰԧ˵磬ȻΧȹȻ˵Ŷˣһëǣ˺ˣⶫҪúõشһ¡
߮ǵˣ
¥£ȥһ˳УϡҪҪûʲôʳѵ绰ƿһ㣬ʡ
Ͳô˰ɣҴӼ˺۹Ѿˣζڵִۣ
ȥϴë˰Ȱѻ򿪰ɣе䡣ܳŴ⣬˵
治ýʦܣǸѧʵǶ顣ŬŬ죬ʡ
ʹˣǶȥ˽ңԼæԼ顣ŶˣǸưò˸ŮѣʦܽģҲ֪١
ܱԼԼأǾͱˣǳˡܳһ
ɣһˣЩڱı񣬸Ͻ˳ţ衢Ϻȵȶϰ˪ˡ
һ߮ʫҲǴ߽ˡ
źʫ͸Ͻ¯꣬߮һ۾ʳ򣺡ܳɸ磬Ҫæ𣿡
ƨæĻûôܳ룬ܾˣ߮Ҳǰﵹæ˫ֺ֣ĹһŲˡ
߮ͰѶ£Ȼȥˡ

ʮӺܳɰΧȹȡ£߮Ϳʼ²ˣܳɸ磬ӹãò̹ʱ䣬ϲˣסԺ쿪绰飬챻ˡ
ûֳһϽǣַˣô죿
ܳɾЦ˵߶Ͱ߮磬ͳţһСڿڶ岻ȥˡֻˣ̽飬ӡ
ģΰ£˭֪Ѱ˼˭أ
⻰Ϊţ߮ζȻ˵ܳɣǲԤıˣͳȥô㣬һ㵣ĶûУ
ܹŵĶôװ׹ˣ
߮ľܳɵĹֿƷѧƵۣôܳɴ󷽷ءйܡ˹ĳЩԱ飬ܳҲó
ܳҡͷģ취ģȻ⣬û󷽵ĳ̶ȡ
һʦĻһǾеġ
ҽѧķչֻݼһһˣôͲҽѧķչйҵķչ
ҲһʦĻ˵úܺãܹԸħģֻħϣ˶һҪһƽ̨ƳһĮϣĳδǾҪʩߣ
ҧ˼𣿡ܳЦ޺˵ĻȴԱԼˣ΢΢һ


ʮ ̣
ôˣҪˣ߮粻̫ܳɵ뷨˼Ȼһ߿ʼ²һ²ۣҲ̫ˣҪС˵ôд˽֡
С˵С˵ʵʵʵҲãֻҪãܹݼˡҲ˷ԡܳɸĪôһ䡣
Ĭʵİ취Թ˰½ǬݣôһǬݼţȻı䲻ʱ״
潻Ч£辶ǱȻҪ飬ʱս֮ϲߡ
Ϊ˸˭ֻΪܹܹΪ˺á
ۣӻ߳ȥȻǺãǾ±˲ϣǳˣõ˸õĽҲֻһϵѣжô
˵ˣȱʵܹ߽ȴûȥõˡ
ܳɲǲߣȴһõԹߡ
ʫһҽѧˣ˿е㷢㶣˵ʲô
ͣ˵һ⣬ҪҪĿ⣡
ܳɴ󷽵عˡܳɾί
ƾʲôʫ굱귢ʡ
Ҳ֪Բɻ󿩡ظԼĹۡ
߮Կܳɼ֮ȥеӦһ½Ǭʦˣ⵽󡣡
ܳҡͷһвˣҲұͶҽеû̫Ȥû̫룬õһƽ㣬Ϊ
ȻĻҲûôܳһɡ
ȱ˵ˣʼ԰ɣˡʫ꿪ʼд
УԳԳԡ

ϣߵ࣬æܳʰ˲һ̺ɳϣһ𿴵ӣͷ֣ܳɿģƵ
رڿ뼯صš
㽨˵Ҫ˽͹עĸģֱȥͺ˰ϢӼС
˵߮ո۵Ǹ⣬ǲǹҩļйϵ
Լ߶Ǿû̫עԼרҵˣ飬Ȼȥܵġ
ڻûĹϵǻǱסҪһԺйϵˡ·һһߡܳתͷְıд֡
ʲô鰡
ΪǸ۵飬˶ϣдϵ˶ٱʼǱ˶ٸҹʲôûõĲ𣿡Щۡ
ⶫʼܳɴģʼ԰ɵ𺳣ױȵģΪܳɿԿһܹõߵģû뵽⣬ȴôһ̫Ľ֣˾š
ڼ䣬ôڵʱ뾫ԼһǻѪ
һеһУվȻǱ˵ļˣ
ⰲӸ˲ԣܲ˵ġ
ܳԣһôγһ仰ÿˣǰߵһĲ֮󣬾ͻῪʼִ
γִʻԪƽִʻ̻
ܳҲ֪Լûʲôܳʲô뻭ֻ룬õ㡣
ʲôڵģͷϣиʱ㡣
ҲΪûһپ뿪ңҸøҷļЧÿ»ˣ¸»ȥӡ
ÿϣǿһ𿴵ӣԷӰҾòûУ˵ˣ۵ˣ߮ԼôڣǶˣˣҲû̫
ʲôƢһǰ֪ġܳɷǳ̹Ȼ˵
ܳһ˵ţһ˰֣øһ㣺˵Բ
Ҫһ밡ǳֿȵģһȥӦߺ͹а
⣬Щ˵װͷϵŽһְû취ĨģҺġܳ˵
¡
ΪҽƻΪƴ󲿷ֲ˵ľﻷһ㹱ףڲӰܳԼˮƽ£ܳǾԸġ
̬
Ӱţϧǹ֮£˭ĳأҲεؿܳһۣѾӣǿ϶û취ĵġ
Ҳǿʼ˼ˣʣǣܳɣô׶ԵʱļɣЩӰأѵٵͲô
Ȼǡܳҡͷ
⣬ȻǱϣ˸ˣǣʵϣǰоģԼ
Ҹ㣬ƪ¿ǵߣ뻪ǧ˿ƵĹϵܲţһʵ
飬϶Թϵĸƴ仯⼸ڱĸУҲܹסĳǷӦʱʱѾ㹻ˣǻҩзԼеӦãᷢչ˿ڴĳ̶ȡ
ʱҪϣҲˣǿڹﵽ⹩ĲΡԼԼۣ˿ЦǸ顣
һ㣬˵ͷԭôԶ
ܳɵĿ⣬˺ºͿ־壬ܳ㣬ôܳɣԺ˹Լڰ̴ô죿
ģרо£ҲרʮʮȥӪôһ¡ֻǡõسһ߻̣˶ѡ
ܳɽţ˵ΪڰµϵɻĮ֮ǰǹҾѾһ˵ĸ߿Ƽ˲ţ˲Ż֮󡣡
ռȻ£ôʱ˭չø죬ɾǲһˡʱ򣬿ǻҽˮƽˮƽзˮƽѾǰС
ǹҼʮǰ̿뷨ֻںʵ£һ̣ӻЩͱ˵ġ
Ŵͣ۾գգͣԣ֮ǰһֱϸ͸¶ֺڣҲ߮͵ԭ򣿡
ҲȫԣЩ߮⣬ģȴһ¡
⻼⻼ûȫǵ飬ҲýһӲߣܳ˵
ٵԺ޹˼ɣǶڵĻ治ҵʲôʵɡ
һ㣬ܳǼŵģû취ϵͳԶ̵Ļô;Իһ̶ˮ̲
̻ָҽҩõĻѣҽܹջݵĳ̶ȣ
⣬漰˵棬˵Ȩ
£Ұæˣ˾ֻ֡ǣܳڣûر͸ŵֻԹۣ
ʲô£԰档
ܳɻ󣺡ѵʫҲû˵߮Тڼ䣬˴绰ȥô
ǣʫԼҲ֪飿
˭ô֡ˡ
ֻܳҡͷҲ֪˭߮ǰԸ̨ԭкֻܶ࣬°ֻΪĽᡣ
ĽȻҽᣬȻкܶšһ㣡
˵⣬ܳɸæ˿ʱ䣬Ȼ˵Ŷˣҽ컹Լ˶ʦ̸飬ҾͳȥСʱСʱ֮󣬾ͻȿɡ
ʦ𣿡
㲻˵ܲ˴ͳҽѧչô֪ⶭʦĸףڸܳ˺ܶʼǱʦ
ǹܣ໥̽ѧϰʦǺ뷨صģһζִҽѧڣҲȫ̵ִֻУ㴴µ̡
ƪϲдʦϣ̽һ£ѧ˵ûа취ͨѧʵ֤ܳɼ͡
Լʱǰ˵㣬ҵˡ
аɣഩ㣬䡣ܶµصͷ
Ȼܳɾ͵ͷΧţܳ뿪ıӰһ£ܳɲֿȵǣһ£ǻ¡
ĻܳҪԵģӦ꣬ɷãȥͱѧ⡣
ôʱ䣬ѧоʱԼ
ʱãܹһ£һоǺõ飬ԼϧŶԡ
İͷɫڽ̷ٷ
ޣ
ţԼһڡȻ绰Լ裺裬Һܳɸȥķ𣿡
Ҫ΢һ£Ϊ¸»Ҫȥ·Ҫ׸һβܸܶࡣ
ԼǮⶼܳɵĽͲԼ׼׼£ǵĻ鷿Ƕ˶һ׷
õģ裬ͰְֻҪҪĽѼͽ㰡
ʲôڲǰɣõġ
û۸ң㿴վתһȦȣŵãƵһͷİϷ򸾶ˣãԼŮҶˡ
ǸԱİѾǹȥʱˣԼʮ궼û쵽飬ܳһʱ䣬ðֶ߳Ա
ҲãҲҵҲá
Ǽõ䡣
пˣСɳгԷǰҪһˣĩգҲԹ
ţҪܳѧУΣҪǰд̰׼PPTȫԼ׼ҲѧУĿμԺæ
õ裬ȥˣ

һͷܳɾڶס˶ǡ


ʮ Ϣ
ʦ߽ܳǵķȴк
һ˶סԷʳýʮָɾ
ʮ˳ȰպõˮȻٰѵ۵Ĳ豭һ߿ʼݲһ˵
СܣԼģѾԼ׼ˮЦܳɡ
ʦæɡܳû£ҲϽæӣǺܳɲԶ
ǵɫ΢е㸴ӣһͷҽʵһðԼأΪƪµ顣
ҿƪһЩݣܺҽľйأ֪ҽµĿôİ
ϳЦݺΡ
ʵҽķչƿƾǣû취ӿ͹۽Ƕȥ֤ۣҲûа취澭顣
Ѩλ飬͸Խ͵ˣͬоһҽһ˵ǣ̼ѨλҪȵеĸо
ǣܹѾۣԽѧķʽչֳߵõ͹۵ӡ֤ʹӵײ߼ϣҽʵеĿ͹۴ϵˣһǳش̱
һ֣Ǿϵ˼λߣԷԴҲȤȱȱƺֻǹһƵģҪôǲԻӦҪôǸһЩǶǵĶ
Ȼ󣬶Ƕ̽ڳģܳɣܹܳõһЩصĶ˽Ӧõҽϣ⽫һջˡ
ܳʵ֪Լ˼ֻܳܿЦҡͷʦ˵飬ҶףֻΪҲдģԣǷ뾭й⣬û취ش𡣡
ǵͷ˵Сܣ֪ΪѣǣĿǰԣڻڣͷˣõġ
Сܣ˽⣬þѧ˵ûпܣڽʵĿӻǶеĲ²⣿
ⰡҽѧķչҪӦĹϵô൱ڰϵסˡ
ܳԣ˵ͷʦҶҽȫû˽ⰡĪ˵Ǿˣҽ֤һشô⣬ʵںΪѡ
ȻҲû취ųʵǻ϶ۣ뾭ѧ˵ԡԣûпԣǻش˵ģҪöʦʧˡ
ԣɫʼ任
ʵѾڰʾܳˣܹ򣬶ҽķչʹУΪҪܳĵģȤģ϶̸ȥٻһ˼·˵һ㡣
ֱܳӾܾöĵĻˮȻ
ܳɾ͸ûҪо෽չ˼
ʵĪҽҲǲԸҽô
ܳҡͷʦǵģⲻҲԸҽ飬ţҿ϶ŵģҲ֪Χ֮ġ
Ҷҽ˽⣬ھֻһŰֽŶṳ̂ȥ
ԣʦҪ˵ĻҲĪ
һӵʱ;վ޵ģԼѧϰĶû׸û׸ףҲܻ;ȥѧƵġʦܱǸ
ܳҪĵġ
Ī˵ִҽѧĿˣǿƶû߳ȥѧ嫣ַ࣬Լģ׾ȥȡõ飬ȷѡ
Ҫ˶ǵģȥҽʲôۺͽʽص飬ǲ˲·ԺҪҽϵ·ߡ
֪ˣҽ˼ҿǲܣΪˡܳɿô˵ҲȥˣߵĹʹ֮Ļ
ֻ˵ֻܳɾΪѣ˵ǵ°ܡ
źҪȥ뷢չѹ¡
Լ飬ҪԼߣҽչҽ飬ҽԱȥеǴѧưʱ˸Уһδ֪·ߡ
ûУʦܹæĵطܼ飬ҿ϶Ըæġ
ҶҽһϲͨԲõʦܳ˻أȻԹ֣ʾǸ⡣
ҽѡУһѡ񡣡
ҲУӦóת˵ģҽįѾǶˡǺȻɫǿɬ˵
ܳ˶⻰ĲһȻʦδҲ
ҽҵһѧƣݬ롣ڵҽɲִҽѧ󣬶ңκһС򣬿ܶܿһЩʵĹ
ߣ֢ȫûиõЩ˵
Ҿã˵ǣںĩ·
ƭĴˣҲ;ˣ˷ˣܹб֮һ졣
ܳô˵ţȻע⵽ǵɫˣȻϽͣʦˣҲǻҽư֢ʲôġ
ǣܵձԡܹܲ鵵Чݣ֤ԼҲһѡķʽ
ʢģϡͿĻźװ׵ڸԣŸҪԣײҪģܳ˵꣬оԼ죬ЩǷˡ
ԸϽ⣺ʦҾãҽѷչԭ򣬲ţǸ˸ŷ顣
ܵձ飬ȷϣҲִҽѧ
ʲôʲôЧʲôǻ⣬ҲԼȥǿſڿഫ
ǶãҪ೤ʲôΣʲôΣⶼԼ淶Խ淶ܹԽŷİܳô˵һ䣬Сȥ
˼Ȼһܳɣҽҽҵһ˽⣿
ܳ˽ģͨģ˽ġ
ҽ棬к͹ŷִҽѧעʦУ׼ҩ룬⣬ҪĻǱ䣬Ը
Ȼһǣûһ͹۵ݣȥб˵ķûǲãЧô죿
ǧǧʲôЧʲôûЧֻܿۡ
ͺñ׵ͻʹ˾Ǻã˵ȫָǺãô壿
ûоĶ塣
ִҽѧͻУʹ⣬һϵеĲ֢ɶɶɶġ
ܳɾ͵ʦֻǵ;˵϶維ʦ
ƺЩˣվȻҽЩ˽⣬ǲԸĻҽԱɣΪһεðеʮֱǸ
˵꣬ǾֱͿˡ
ܳɱƵſںЩ±ƣҪţֲ֪˵ЩʲôãԾתˡ
û취ȷǲҽһ̯ˣŵִҽѧèˣè壬ܳɶ֮ġ

ܳûþͻˣ˳ţȻʣôô磿ⶼһСʱ
ܳɾ˵ʦҪ̸ģ֮ǰҲ²Ǽ£̸£ȻͲ̸˿
εҡͷ֮󣬱˽
û취æôʵϣܹܳæһµġ
û취ģⲻǻ۵飬漰ܶණһʱܹףԽǲŹأùһģôԽѱӣעˮͲˮͻ
˰ɡһǲˡܳ룬ôˡ
ոգֻܳһ죬ǵɫˣܳʲô취
ô˵û취ҽִͬҽѧһģϸߣôԶ·ߡ
Ҫ֢֢ҪɻأϡͿذԼժȥôõأ
ǣܳģ˺֮ܶ󣬵óһۡ
ûЧ˵Ƕһһ׵ģҲûзȷ涨ô졣Ļôõأ
ûһţشԼչҪչǾԲܵ飡
ֻǸٴҽҵľҲޣôʱȥѧϰ֮飿
ҰһѧڵĿδ꣬ҾҪɳйȥˣʱоѣƸģǰעʵٴڴֿɼЩϡܳת˻⣬˵
ţҲҪˣʦǽٶʿʦ˵ʿ岢ҪԼȥ̽УҲԥܲܣҹϵһλҲ˵Լ㡣
ܳԣ˵һ˫ǲܳһģҲһҡ
һΪ˱Ѹ˵뵽УҾҿ϶ġæͷ⡣
ã͹ǿ͹ۣһǾãòҪһλΪ˱ܿʲôǣһЩͲĶ
ٴ֮ϣ˲Ϣ䣬һʱһ̨ʱ򣬲˳ʲô⣬ͬʱ䡣
ⲻý͵ġܳɻǱȽˣ˵ǵûǱȽȽġ
ŮѣûϵܳдʦҲС
֮󣬾Ͳһˣʱ򣬿Ҫʼִҵģô£ͬһͲ̫ˡ
ԿηûҪ뵽ʱ䣬ʶȵķֿʵҲá
Щίܳһۣ˵ʲôʲôɣѵҾͲܹһ¹ʱ䣬ܿô
ǲͬʱͬһңô
ܳɾæοԣֻǰҪǰȻĻһȵʱ򣬵˲ϣʡʱˡ
ҿɲ㰡ʵҽԺôŵģ˾棬֡

ӾС˵棬ͬģս飬Ȼƭ˵ġ
ܿ죬ͻʣܳɣ˵򷿣ҪĸСҿûʲô¥ˣе¥ֱ̣ȽԶ
ʱ򿪳°࣬㡭
ҲGҪҪȨ£ǰһ£ܳգٵľ޿ԣҲǿʼѰ˼Щ

ʱˮƽˮʱȻڻţΪκˣκͣ
˵ʱͲڣֻǿռڲͣ˶˶ǰ
ɵ飬Ҳڳ䶨
ԪڣܳɴͰһɳйԪǰϦ
ܳɵǹ˲ⷢܳɵԪףһ˼ɵϸ嵥ݡ
СܣΪǹҽļɣʡǧڣҴȫˣʾĵĸлҲΪҽҵչ׵ˣл
ȻԴڱڣԩһ󵶣ǰ;ڣϣҽܹ￪Ϊǹҵҽҵ֣֮שߣ
ϣСҽܹ壬Һˡ
ܳ嵥ݿ˺΢΢һ䡣
Ȼ֣ÿһУһӶ׬ݣǣ½ķȡ
Ȼ䣬ҲܳɸоһŨŨԺС
֣δдܳɵ֣ǣһı仯Լִʣ£
ûűȥдʲôǣٱԼģīԼƳɵģɵĹӦҲԼһݡ
ԪһĽβҲһĿʼ
ܳɳգ˲˸绰˵һЩѵĻܳɳһվԼڳУ˵ǸС顣
ԪѽڣǾٹ֮ʱܳɻǾãҪǣԷ٣
ͬʱ˲Ҳ߸ܳһܺõϢ
ħ21ĿƼ䷢оܳɵңҲܳɰ䷢һ21ĿƼȽⶼǴϢ


ʮһ 콱
㿴ûգϢҲҪڰܳȥɳеĸϣ˶԰˵
ɳбûģֻгǼʣǸͨˡҸվɳرȻվö࣬ѾӵĻѡΪʵġ
ҿۣ꣬Щҡҡܳɵֱۡ
ƼʡģҲٻԵҽѧҵܹõģǴеĴУǰ;ˡ
һҿƼĪ˵Ժܳɵ䵽ˣøѧʲôģͲ˰
ôŵˡܳɳ˳Ĵ޷ѹ˵
æһգùģһ飬һһؿ
Ȼʣн𣿡
ͼǧǮⲻҪģͷӦǹ䶨ʱһ˲áܳɿգգ۾˵
һԣһǮ򲻵ܹʵǮǮ̫Ҫˡ
ܳҲ֪ģСппλڹ̶ԼܳˣʵлɽҽԺҽԺҲнĿͻƣҲܳɵĳģԲûвѡȫܳɡ
һּˡ
꣬ȻֿһЩѶ棬ҲһЩϢ֮ǰܳɶû㿪һҳͫһħ㷢˲ߣ
ػڣİ˲ãİҷѣ䱾סһףӾͽѧ
ħ͸ģо𡭡
㶼ûȥһ£Ӱܳħȫһ׷һʮĳѹˡ
ȥҪȥĻЩЧģ룬ǶʡˣʹɳеĻҸĸҲܹö
ħĻǱ˵ѵĻҲͺѽʲôˡܳʰ
תͷȥҾôһ£𣿡
УڶҳǾѧģһЭģڵҳ棬ɽѧһҽԺϷҽƴѧлȵȣࡣܳĵ˵
ʵܳҲЩпһ֮ǰֻǸСס࣬ɳаҽԺڣһҹ֮䣬Ȼġ
ɾһЩϢһЩĸУϢأֻʱܳɲҳԺʲô⣬ߺѵû
ϾɵЩ飬ṫ֮ڣʱ˰ɱˣǿɾͲˡ
ͺһһ¿һ󣬲žôͬС죬ûʼʸˡ
ֻܳɣȻ˵ҪʲôʱܹյͺˣڹͶ˶ء
ЩҽԺûвʿѧѹͲģ
Ŀǰ˶ʿڶ꼶ٱҵѧֻǰܹõʿѧ֪ͨ飬൱߱·ߵһࡣ
ȻҲԲҹûôھ
㻹ѹͲŬ׵һͨҽһӶܴﲻյأ
Ϊ飬Ϊѧϰ飬ͲһҲһܳɿЦȻ˵źĻ
Ȼ˶䣬ƫͷЩ𣿡
ţܳɺܿ϶صͷͺˡ
ʵҲǸˡ
ԱԴȪȱٶɵá
оɳвԶܿ죬ܳɾ͵˸վȻ˳˹㳡ͣ󣬾Ϳ˷Լݵˣӵġ
ңݺͰͷٵؾͰ˵õȥ
磬ĸ硣Ͻк˰֡
磬ĸ硣ܳҲ͸ŽУƳܳһۣ죬·ʲôܳɸƵġ
ݲ˰æôԼˣʲôġ
С½ãһ·ϳ۵˰ɣȥؼϢүүһֱ߶ء
ҲϽͷѽһΰ֮⣬˲඼ˡ
û𣿡ܳ˺ʡ
ܳҲ֪֮ǰǸˣǹˡ
ȥ֮ܲһѵôǻܼûתնȥᣬܲץ
˸ʻһ߻أȵų
ݽ˵СʲôʱɳȻү߶GСȥˣСȥأ㶪Ƶġ
ҲͷԵģһΰģүӲģǵҺʹ
Щ˼Ǿ̭Ұɣ˵·յɣǶСʱˡ
ܳһۣûзֻܳǿܳϵЦݡ
ǴʲôʱɳأܲһֱڳдŰɣСܡܳˡ
ƾ˰ɣ£ѾڿˡһڳǱдû꣬˿ԣְź뿪ܳ˵Լİš
СؾͿԲûȥݷǳ˷ܵ˵
ԣֿܳһۣЩ˼ش
磬ģҼǹʮţҺͰؼҹǰȻʮ죬ܻɳһ꣬ߴţȻͿֱ׼ˡ
ǰǻҪȥһСܳɾ˵밲ǰõİš
СܼǶʮţʮݾú档
Ǻ壬ܳ塣
һ˴ĹأӦþ߰ʮǰɣǱ߻ʢУҲǹʮģ˾û
԰ڶʮǰˣʮŶ
Ļʮ컹ǲţڴһ賿ʼꡣڣǱߵϰ׾ǣʮŵ磬ǹһ賿
Ҳ˺ϰ׸˹ʮ廹ʢйϣӵӡܳҲΪݵ˵һЩ顣
ǻ˼GҾãϰױԺͲΪȥˣܶü˵
Һɩӣÿ궼Ҫԥȥ꣬ʱֻˡ
Ҳû취ϰףҲĺôɡܳЦš
Ȼһ·ͰѳүסıʵҲһͥԺ
˿ɲ١
ϣѣмùùøڣһѵˣһһǰȥ񣬲ܳһϾͺͷ˰ܳɸˡ
Ҳڣ֪ܳɲԿûš
ϵȷǵһʱ䣬ܳһҷҲһ𣬽ȥ֮ܳɾȽˣ壬硣
ܳɱȰԼĸҲҪȰϴԽǺʵġ
Ц˵ʵСԸĿˡ
Ϻɨ˷һۣŵ÷˵ˣȻ¶ЦܳɽͣôжԣԺ󲻸ĿҲû¡
СܰһΣ˴˰ģҶ㣡ҺʡлһģҺ־ãֻǴʡл
æ˵СܣһΣʡҩɹ嵥棬ٶһǧڣԺǰҺǵҩˡ
һǧǽʡġ
ҽҩ嵥ҩͱ֮˵ܹÿԤġԤԽܹ࣬ǵҩԽ࣬һЩǰȥǵĽҩ
൱֧ûӶ٣ǰҩƷ࣬ȴ֮һķ֮һ
ǺӴҿɹ۵ģܹݼȺʮ򼶣
磬ͣɲһ˵ġҵλʦžӹΰĬĬô๤ܳɲæ̰
CCϲͲϣһִɱʲôʱóܹɱķܳħʱ򣬾ˣֻһֱײȥ
£Ȩ߮ˣ֪顣
ͲϻȫĲгɵĳǼǷǳӴģҪ볡˼ðΣգҲҪŪˡ
ǻĻû˸Ҷ
Ĵ֮£Ī˵һˣһˣҲûϵÿƹ㡣
£ĸеǹٺãҲϱã൱ǲҵѹ㵥գǺѱùġ
Ҫײ˱ţ⻹óԣֻ˵ţĳʦУǸ˿ζꡣ
ô˵СһΣҲǣ
үӶ׿ڽˣǹҶԵĸ߿Ƽ˲šһȵĻС߾̫ȻʧɫˡϲıԼŮܳɡ
ܳˣ͸Ͻأ壬ȵİɣҪκ˱ȡ
ÿԣһ޶ԲҪȣÿ˶Ƕһ޶ġܳɵﻰ
ڣҲԼȨҪ͸߹ȻȨƣûʲôҽѧϵ츳ͶǮ棬
ˮһգûκεķϻ
Ҫ֪CCϲϵ飬ǻǺ˺ȥģһȥ˺ܴһ鵰⡣
ȴ΢΢ü츳в࣬Ǹ͹ʵҲأС㲻ΪС˵
Ҳǵ˵ͷ
ܳɻ˵Ҿôġ
Ͽңֿ
ֺÿ㲻Ȱ츳˦ڵİ֣ǰ˦ʮ֣Ҫۿɰ͹Ź֣Ȱɻˡ
£ʵֶ治أ֪֪ǳйء
ģܳɾԼҲѺͰߵһ
ģĶģ⣬ֶܳ԰һָ⸴ӵһܴˣȻĴǰϴʱ
Ȼ˵˾ˣͱҴ˰ɣѺϢ˵Сܿ߶Ȳˡ
˵һΰʡƼʡĿƼ˵Һйϵ費Ҫһ¡
ҾûбҪġ
вףĿ⣬ûиκεĺţȫǸϼĲ棬ҶӰ첻ģûҪˣ㶼òǾĲƽˣ
Ȼ֮Ⱑʡ֣ڿ˲ʱҲ΢ƫУʱ̸ʱ򣬵Ӹ㣬ֻҪҪʲôСĿʲôġ
ԾͿҪֱӶԱħ;ʡڸ߿ƼҵһֱûܴͷλҽѧҵҲչ΢ƫŰǿԵġЦеؽܳȥǽǡ
ܳ϶ô˵Ҳֻǵ˵ͷ˵õģ壬ʱҿɣ
С㿴ô˵СʵԸʡģҪ˵ͣϻ˰֣ʾºܼ
Ϊһ˵shuiֹϸãжͬӺߺߡ
ܳɺͰ϶
˵ʲôãͶһ졣
ûС壬滹ڣǳȥɣ˾˻϶ҲСܵġ
ŶˣСܣ㺰˵ǮȻǧҪţȻĻ˾͵úˣ˵˲ӣ
ѽ˱һˡ⽻
ܳɿϣû˵G
ӣСܣ㻹ûȥɣҶµġ


ʮ Σ
СߣôôͻˣСأǺһȥ𣿡Ӵ⴩һˣž˾˵תͷһ䡣
۲͹ܳ밲һȥɢʳûʮӣôͻˣ;ú֡
һֻɫԺܲף˫ֽһ΢΢ţܳɰ˹˿ȥģ
˵ţһףһߴ㼷˶￾
ʡĶ죬ûǺѹģһԪ֮ǰͰѸֻ¯˳
ô˵Լ㽲İɫһΪܳڸϽʣʲôСܱˣ˭ˣ
ܳûҲܳɵĲŻҲûܳҪҺͰʲô˭ź˿ͲʲôְλˣҲǰϸˡ
֪ϳԷ;УҲѵһ٣ܲãᣬ͸Ͻ˵֣ܳɱʦ̶ȥˣҸովǺ翪˸Ц
Ԫڰ⻰ҲǷֹһ
غڰԱߣ˵ں͹ֲͻҲûĽհһҲǴˡ
Ϻܿ뵽һҪ⣺Си߹ʲôСܽ컹˾ƣûиʦ˵𣿡
вȾƣ˾ƣȥҾԭԵĴ⡣
ϲܳעⲻôϸڣǸܳ嶯ˡ
˵ˣʦǼְܳɽ˹ȥ̨ܲ˵ȥô˵ţҲæʰܳ˵
ԺܳɴȥϴѧҽԺģԣڵ΢ǰһ¡
ԼԶܳɵ뿪һЩСʲôһ£һ㣬׵ġ
ϴѧҽԺôҽԺͲСһôҲǣһùôֹһ䡣
˵꣬ͿԼҲԼո˵Ļܴ󣺡˵ҽԺô࣬ӦðܳɽȥŶԡ
ԼĽһ죺СܵרҵʵǺܲġСܸ飬ɲһҽܰõ顣
үҲԺԼˣҪ໥ģ
Ҳ˵䣬û㽲ǲ˼СܵҽǼҶǺϿɵġ
ȣǰһǻгϢһλΪһǰ̣˺֪϶ֲ֢û²мȻǴҡ
ӣתգȻֻһֿԣҲһ˶ı£
οܳɵֻ֮ڵϣֻЩҲ˵±ΪʱȺͻ༦ޡ
үӳ棬ҾͶˡ
ֻǣڽ˯ǰ뵽һȽΪѵĵ㣬ǾСܵǸסүӼǸŰϺغ밲һȥ⡣
⣬ʱ㣬ǱԶˡ
Ϊܳѹû

ϴѧҽԺƲ
ϰ˵ҡ
ܳɳҽ칫źܶİףϣܳϤģֻж̶֡߮ˡ
ộܳɵһݣվһԡ
ˣƵķδܳɵĵͣ
֣˿תͷ߮磺߮磬ڶ̨ˣҪϣڻ𣿡
߮ͷʦϸհ˸ҹʵڵ״̬ǺܺãܲϵĻҾûǲҪ̨Ϊá
㰾ҹʲôֱͲ̶Լһΰź⣬߮Ļһ졣
׼ڰ߮絹һ˵
⻰̶üͷһ
߮磬ǰǸƢһû䣬ĸ˵ϴѧҽԺŶֵ棬Ҳô˵ڹ⽲ʲô
˲̶֮⣬ˣƺǼֲֵı顣
һȻѪƵ⣬Ȳˡ죬ҽԺ˰˸˵ĲˣĿǰ᧿ΣǴҶҪһ£Ӹˡ
ѪƵܴܴģҲû취ֻѪƵˡ
̶鸺ȥ2122ĲˣȱȻٱȣ
Ʒÿֹ취סرǸڻѪ׵ĲˣһҪԴֲٶ˷ʱ䣬һȭͷº󣬾͸Ͻվ
õģΣ̶ԼƷλҲǷ׷׵ͷ
ֻǣ̶վ֮󣬾С۾ܳɣСܣáȥɡ
Կܳһۣ䶯˼£վûٿڡ
̶ܳ˳ʦԼǹҸԣԼҲٰܳɸͣסֻܿŲ̶ܳȥңĿ⸴ӡ
ʵҲ֪ԼлΪܳɵʦģǣϣԼûв̶ôƤͺûᡣ
̶ǲ˹ʺˣǰܳɽӴãܳҪʱṩ˰Ը̸ʲôѧ飬֮ǰѾˣ߽̹
ǶֲһԼܳɵʱܳɵĳɳŲѾǾôһţĳЩ棬Լǿ
ʵ棬̸֮£ȴҪʦ֮
ʦôġ
ѧҲһʦͽ־еģҪʵʵش̣߮һС
ԶֲŴܳƸ٣ֻϧһεġܾ͡ԥͳ׵ܳʧ֮ۡ

ҲֻǽѧԵ֣лṲ¡
ܳ뿪ıӰԼŶӵˣңȻ߮ȥΰ칫ҡ
ʦ˽߮ԶֻǱϹϾġ
ظܳһȦ̬˲ٰɣֹĵʣû߮ⲻ̨顣
ãллʦܹôһᣬҲллʦΪҽԺֿ߮Ҳû֮ǰֵɵ
ԣ̾һڣʵлģܳѾߵǰ棬Ȼлᡣ
仰ֺܾ֮ǰͶ߮署ֻ߮ҪԸϣ϶ܹϵõ
߮ҡͷʦܳɣҲδؿϣδԸ⣬δػʺ·
ģˣһЩСĻֶΡ߮Ŀ˸
Ŀ΢ʣʵҲܳģ֮ǰôɵĻúöԴĻ
ڣѾǰҵŮˡ
ʦĸҵ׶󣬿ɲҵġʮָпⰲϱΪ̵߮·߮ȴԼûס
߮˵ʦԵ£ġԴˣ˼ѹûԴ
ǵģʦĸȥףȥ˰ɶԷĹۣԼڵŮѣһ͵ǸҲ̲˰
ֺߺǲˣʵлģ˵úõģȥǸʫ
񰡣
߮粻ʫ꣬ô߮밲Ҳûлģǰ˼ҹۣô·ͳ׶ˡ
ʦ˵ϲô
ʵڹãĽҲ׽⿪ˣǸˣҲû취ͨҽ
ҳȥתһȦ˼ѣʶһЩ£׬һЩǮһЩ͸ؿ硣
ʦʵڣֻʦΪҵĳɳǰˡ߮ʮֹﻰ⣬̹Ȼѡ
ҵߣô滮أʡ
ҪҵôͱҪعأйصĵطض˶ģǱػǱ򣡡
Ͳôɡ
˭һУɼּ߮Ҫһ߮뷨
ʦǾ£޷ƽҾԸһֱôȡŲҲûϵҲʳԷ
һ˵棬˭أ߮ʡ
תǵöһϵͲܰһͨ𣿡
߮˵ʦճˣʱʱˣˣ˶ˣԸ
ͨ˵ʱ򣬴Ӳô̰
̾һ߮˻֣ȥϢɣû£ڵĵҽԺ
ܳɽȾˡ߮Զ˵
Ⱦ˾ͺȾˣֲֻ̨ԹۣͲġν˵
ʦܳǸŰһڵģ˾ƣȻ̶ʦҪǵô绰˵ǲ̶ʦͿأʲôͼ
ϾʦҲӦ̶֪ʦҲǸѰ˵ġ߮練ʡ
̶ڶ࣬ɳж֪顣
̶̰ƣҲǴҶ֪顣
̶ľ̫ãϺ˾ͻҲǴҶ֪顣
ǣֻкٵ̶֪Ⱦ֮ʵѵһƥΪƣ˺öѡ
ʲô˼ַʡ
Ҿòʦ˵ǸĿǰֵһͻƿڣֻһСĻڣҲ㹻
ϾˣҽҲˣǱŪŵĹߺͱʲôĶѽ߮ĵ˵
ȥֵ߳һ䡣
á߮Ҳͣ


ʮ ҽ
ʦڴӸҵ·ϣܳɺס˲̶˵ʱ򣬺˵ƣԣ̨ܲ
̶֪ܳеЦ飬ǼܿЦġ
̽ڣǴ˵еǸܳɣСҽʦ̶δػ̶ԱߵĽйĸڱ㿪ˡ
еȣҲͨ΢ֲͣԵ۽ǺǷֱһŴ롣
ԣڣСܡ̶۾ϽԹܡ
Ȼƫͷ˵Сܣ΢ȵ𣿾ƾŨɢȥʱϢĻϢһ¡Ȼ̨Բ
̶ô˵ʱ򣬹ԱߵһΣоںܳߴš
ܳһƿֺñ¥ߣһѹʣʦ˵ʲôݰ
ӳоһȦܳҲˣʵҽֵʱ򣬻ӵĵ绰ͽӴ棬ǲһġ
֮ǰܳɵֵ඼ϼתӣħǸӣ£ֻ⣬ûʽ
˳ʱܳɲ֪ԭֵʱһнӲĵ绰ÿ춼С
̶ԣŲһͣûйϵһγ棬Ŀǰһûʲôϵ
û˭绰
ܳĿһݣ̶ע⵽ˣ˵ǳϵˣǳ˦ȥʱ򣬱˦ġ
ȱ÷Ŷƽȥ22ȿţţʵڲеĻֱӽ֫ɣ̶˵ֶ꣬ŹǸΣ˷Ըš
ƽ㶣˵̽ڣ22ĲˣƵ˴к
ƽô˵ʱҲǿ˲̶ȷƽûģ21ĲˣԺʱƵһھʹкֻΪ˱ӣûҡ
̶Էкڲ˵ĻԺ̶ԼҪҶԷæʱ򣬶Ҳδػᾡ˳ֺõ飬ʵûҪ
һᣬʲô˴кӿͱݣ
̶۾˽ƽһۣȻС۾һУʽ˵ƽȥ22ɡ
̶ܳʮĻ̶ȥִ˿̵Ĳ̶ɫƽֻ͸¶ݣԵʶһˡ
Ҳ˵ƽȥ22ɡ
ƽ¥㡣
ƽһԺרҵ˶ʿо󣬳ķΧͱΪ΢ԵŲ̶ķԸƵģ̶֪Ҫô
̶һ¿֣СܣȸȥߵȻٿϢǻؼϢɡ
̶Ҳ̫ǿˣһ
˼ԣϢǻһ£ȥϢֱӷˣ÷󣬲̶ҲֻǴȥ22䡣
ܳɵͷ˺档
һ˺ܿܵ21䡣
˿̣21һȺæͣơԼƵ˶Ѿ룬ʱ׼̨ûв
ΪŶӣȥԿߵĵ໤ϵĸָá
һģˣƵ¼ҽʦԼҵļλʿϵķѾпӺ˹ӡ
࿨򡣡ƽ˵š
⻰ѧ㶡
࿨򣡡ڼû˶ϽǸѧ
ȻһƵСӸϽһעͨҺͨҩ˽ȥ
ҩƽȥʮĹ򣬱ԿǿٲʣȻǻƽȶ
ѶͰٵ25Ȼ侲طԸС٣ʵӶ̼ŨȡԼж
̶ЩԸϽվһߣλÿճ
̽ڡ̶ǽڱʱҵļˣкһ
̶æӦںãںáô£
ͻ٣ܽھڳûȥѲ飬һûˡڵ˻صЩϣǴ˿ֺñӣͣü俴ƤѾЩˡ
ڣߴˣӦĿǰѪػأŴһ°ɣ߰ͨٶٵһ¡ܽתͷ˵
ԣŵͻȻεضû˵ֱ꣬šԱһʮҵȥ̨żƺַȣƲֹһšˡ
̽ڣҲȥˣ˼пƢѣҵøڴѪݿ֮ǰѿ̽ˡҲϽ˵
Ƶô̶Ҳǰʺڡ
ưӴĺܣ˵ֻӲĤѪףû⣬һٹո˵󰡡ǾӲĤѪ׵൱󡣡һȥϴ֣һ߷Ըȥ̨һ߻ء
̶ͱտڲˣȻߵ̨ԣŻߵ˫֫ϥؽѹ飬¶ΣֹжΣһȣǴ׹ؽ5ִˣƼƸе״
ңܳɻڻߵĴڲ࣬гѪڣţ޿㲻Ѫ졣
̶ݺ̾һֹ˭˵ϴѧҽԺûе˲˵ģˣʡҽա
Ǻǡ̽ڣǹǿƵ鷳ȷ˵㡣Ҳá
Ѫ⣬ѪƵϽͷ۰ɡЦЦе㿪ЦҲеε˼
ֻˡ̶ͷüͷš
ܳɿŲ̶ı飬Ȼֿ˿ֹǻӵƺҲ̨飬Ҳûоһ̨Ƚ鷳
̶¿һתͷ˵ڣˣиȷôҾãȶý
ˣý֫ˡ
Ҳûò̶Ϊѣȡһ£Ѫ⣬ҲѪתˡ
Ҳôá̶
ҲûЦ̶˼̨
⣬ܳҲˣ̶ϲôˣô죬ȷеˡ
̶ƤȻҼʱ£˵Сܣҽϣܹæһ⺢ӵȡ
ѪƵֲȹʱȥ˯˯һ崴Ѫܴ꣬β
̶СֻйԺתͷŶҲС˵СѪƵ裬ģϢˣܰȶһ¡
̽ڣҪȥڳһ߾ȴ˶šٺƵĳںһƺ̶ܿ˼Ƶġ
ߣ̶һԼû⣬ϷӦ˵⣬ԼϣҲǹǺ
Ȼ˳ȥ
һסԺҽʦ
̶֮󣬹Ŷܳ˵СܣȥϢһ£΢һ¡
ܳɵͷõġڣҾȥϢˣһ
˵ûɣ״̬ãȻûȷ涨ܺȾƣϸൽһࡣҪСĽΪϡ
ܳɵͷȻ뿪ǰһ䣺ڣʦ֮һֱ˴кҲ
ܳôʣ۾Ȼɴ󣬷·ϡ£Ҳ֪̽ϰⲻ԰
ҵڶڴ̽Դ֮ǰһ˽ȥ֮һֱҽ巽£Ŀǰкܶ˻̽ȥİ
ŶܳɻȻӡ
ʦȥʮ·ݾ뿪ɳУȥħⶼһʱˡܳɸæ͡
ȷϴ뿪ҽԺڻصϴѧҽԺѾʮʱ䣬澭Ҳܶࡣ
ܾûкͲ̶Ӵ̶֪á
ҽ
̶ȷôƨ
Ȼ̽ڵ̺ʻǴõģһ㣬Ҳֿ佱
ܳɾæ˵ڣѸʱȥˡ
ȥ˯˰ܳ˵Ҫߡ
㶣һ㣬ѧ˲̶ľ衣
ѵǾûѧʦļôܳٿ˸Ц
Ҫȫѧ˲̽ڵļǾ΢еΣˡƶˣȥϢһ£˯Сʱ̨֮ߴˣȥڡ˵䣬һĭ
õģڣܳڳҵ·ϣ⸴ӡ
ר22俴һ̶ֲۣüʣ֮ǰࡣʦȷǱӵù
Ȼϴ·ʱ򣬳Ų̶ƣһЩЩǲ̶㡣
̶ڱԼƽȥĳɾֲͣüڰҽԺѾΪ˽ڣʵûȫϣɲֻǴ󲿷ڹô
Ҳˣȹ֮ԼʦԼ
ܳɺܿ˼ȥһң˵Ϣ󣬾Ͱֻһأһ
ô˵Ⱦ֮󣬻ǻӰ쵽״̬ϢһȾɢ֮󣬻ָһЩ̨ûġ
ҹƣ˵ȣһСʱ󣬲ǹؼʱ̡
Ҫȥͪܳһ£ǾûǶȵˮϡһΪãҩٳԵ㡣
˵꣬ܳɱȥϢغˮϴȥ


ʮ ҪҪ
ܳٴһʱѾǵϵʮһ㡣
㿪ֻĻ˰˼δϢǻ㱨ŵڰٵıһȺԼҼҳʹĻ
ܳɻعȥһЦȻµſһñӺͿֱ֣ȥ
21䣬ܳϴ̨ϴֱֺӲȿ˸Ӧţߡ
˿̣ո΢ţû˵ңܳɻ˿̶̲Լ˶ֹͣ˲˶ںܽŵض̨ϵŶӡ
߽ܳʱͱѲ棬ܳɿڣ͸ܳ´޾µɰ
ܳɴ޾֮󣬱㵽˲̶ȥ̶ܳԼ˼˵Сܡ
˰һΣҪ˷ʱˡ
ô£ʦܳɺֵתͷʣڻûرʲô
ˣĿǰƵĶڴ߱Ѫѹȶݿˣûãطûá̶͡
ܳԣûٻػҲ֪˶ٶ໰λóҪΪÿռλñ
ȱβһԭ
ܳվûһȻ̨ϴһɧԼһ
Ҵΰ£ѪƵأûȳ𣿡жڵˣʼɧ
Ǳ߻ûָܷߡĿǰѪҲвɣָ١Žڣô죿¼ҽϽء
绰ü˸ѡ
ȻѪǰҲƵҵΧڣҵרֻθƵûа취ôӵ⡣
һѪƱͲ̫ǿֳַȥ˺ܶˣֻһá
ˣɳȥˣȸһҪָ࣬Ӳ㣬ܱԺԺڻﶼǸܡƺѹߡ
ʼɨӣȻɨ̶ʱ΢΢һϸʣ̽ڣλǲѧСܰ
ŽںãҽܳɡܳɸϽк
۾һ£ȻʣСûѪƵȨ
˵ʵԹǿƽڼˣ˽Ⲣࡣ
߮⣬ǰҲǷǳϣܹ߮Ƶģһֱڹע
Ȼͨ߮磬˽⵽ܳɡңҲ֪ܳɺܶ߮á
ܳԣ˵ͷŽڣ֮ǰڳеʱ߮ͨõˡ
ܳʵش
ѪƣһңҪȨҪѪƵרЭȨȻڳеʱ߮Ѿ飬ܳǵõѪƵĳȨġ
ã֣һΡǴ˵Ļ
ǿܾû취ˡ
ٵĲ֧ѭḻɵ鲻˶ʱ䣬ûʱˡ
·̨˽ûܳ
ô˵꣬Ǹ̶һ䣺̽ڣСܽһ£ûϵɣ
ܳҲȿ˲̶
ܳɵִҵص㲻ɳУڳУ̨ǸŲ̶̨ģǾԲܳŶӵģϴѧҽԺʱһӦĶִҵ
ܳҪ̶Ը
Сܣȥɡ̶ЦЦ
ܳԣߵ̨ԣ·һεذ֮ǰϵĵطٴν⿪ˡ
ѪܷҪܾϸѪܱ˺ƣطǲƿ©ģ
Сܣܴ𣿡Ҳҽһʣһܹ߮õˣӦò̫
ӦÿһԡܳڲҪ̫СģһгǷϹأǶҪֻ֡
ҲܹĻֻֿ΢һ¶ѡ
˸ѵ㸴ӣ΢һĤ󣬱Էˡ
ãСܣԡϽλ˿
ܳҲûƴǣȻڶÿܳɰѪƵеõѪֱܷ˫绨һز
޼֯պϡϵĽ롢ᡭ
ܿ죬Ӳʱ䣬ܳɾͰѶ˴ʧ˺üεĶ˸˽ӽβʱ䡣
֮ǰͷ󺹾ǿЦƵġ
߾ڵܳɣڿЦͬҼһ㡣
⵽ʽ̫ѣ̫ܳ˶̫ˡ
˶ɫͺ͸
⣬̶Լڵ˸Ͻ˽ȻԻصԼλϣ׼ԵҰ
ŽڣߴòˣҪȷſһ½ˣһѪ˵ͨ͸ʺ̶ȣܳɽʡ
ԣ˵ͷ˵ֻ֣ЩȣûʮףԼʱ̨ȳˣȳӵģ߳ӵġ
ԼôΣûܷϺõģܳ͸ˣǰԱȣԼרΪ̧ܳɶһƵġ

ܳɲûǿרҵ֮飬ֻæһ¸ķϣ֮ܳɱתսȥ˲̶֫崴Լֲ֫
Ŷ̨ѾǵĶֲ֫ˡ
ǹ
̶͹ֳС飬Դһ֫ڲǲ̶ǱߣԵ΢еԣҲͷ·崴֮󣬾Ͳ֪ˡ
崴Ǵ˵ĻǶֲ֫ȴһҽֱӶֲġ
¼ҽֲ֡
ܳתսæʱ̶һֵס࣬㵵ؿܳһۺ󣬸Ͻÿ˿ռ
ܳɵʵɲǴģ٣ոڶæ׵ش˶ûõĸȷ鴫
пĳɷ֣϶бġ
ܳɣǸǿҽ
ܳվ̶Ժ󣬱ӹе˵ʦɡ
̶ԣܳһۣʱһɣãСܣ
˵䣬̶Ϳܳɲ֪ʲôʱѾǵһķ򣬰ѿӱ¶øãøõҰ
ͬʱ̶ܳɼѾѷĹ飬ַһظƴյһ
Ȼ˵ʦҿߵǰĹãһ̶ɣ
̶ͷʮغãѲأһ
̶⻰ȵĹɨһۣȻһ˶ˣ۾˲ɴţϸż⿴ܳɸλĹԼĹ۸λԱȡ
˵ԼĲãֻ˵ܳĸλ
󣬲̶ʶֱӰ˹ɹ档Ȼ˵Сܣšһ¡
ǷԸĿǣ΢еƮ
ܳĬĬһ²̶֣Ȼ״۵ֱСԲ״ֱ뵽˹ɹǵĹǻڣȻٰΧſŹ۵Ĺ飡
ΧټһȻ̧ͷʣʦ᲻Щ
̶еˣ֣صص˵ͷ
áҪرʾܳɺ㣬ͬʱ̶ƺҲʶܳɻ֮ԼӲҪƮ
ȻոΣͻΡ
ĹȻ֫⼡ķϣֻż̲סɨһ۲ŵܳɡ
Ȼÿһۣͻ֣ᷢܳֺ֡⣬ȴñԼ֪иõʽչԼǰ
һΧĻˣϥؽڡƹǡɹ¶Լֹƽ̨ࡣ
Ŀǰƹǣܳɻû취ԭ֮⣬ɹǡֹǣǱܳ˸ֵָֹʽԭˣ
⣬֮ܳǰǸֲ֫
TMȶֲ֫ҪһӦýж֫죡
ֲ֫ٻж֫ã֫죬ϾУѱĶŪͬ죡
Ȼ󣬹ͻֿܳʼɧˡ
棬ܳɿ죬ǼЩ֯ǾԲеģңǰе֯е̫
½ˣȻ֮ǰĻ棬͵ȡĵأظ˺ܶ౾ڵĲϣ˵ֲʱܳɾͰ֮ǰѾϡļһ£ѼȡѼֲˣȲܣȻһЩȽϷ˶ĵطֲ
ȻѪܺ񾭣ܳҪôǴӽҪôǴԶҵ˺ʵѪ
ôһѪǽˡ
ܳʱǱ߶ԼֱӽͣԼֱӶ˹ȥ崴
ΪֻܽһЩϸڵҪģǹ۲ܳɵ˼·ǶԼĴ
أ׵ġ
ֻǣ飬ʱǳᡣ
һԿóܳɵʵԲһ㣬ȴ˵еĻҪ˵ǾԵģ
ԼѾ㹻߿Ϊ֡Ϊ٣ΪԼܳ㹻֮ģģǲܳɴﵽĸ߶ȣ
Ҳǣ֮ǰΪζֽڵˣԸܳһǰȨ޵ԭɣ
ڶܳɻ֮Լڵĵλеˡò˼ǰĴ̽ʮϡ
ܳٻԼҪص֮ǰ֣ƨɺ棬ǣƵľˣ
ѣ
ԼѧܶණǰǣԼҪҪԼ棿


ʮ ʲô˶ź
½һ˿ؼȻְֻΣͨ˸ָȨ¿չʽܳ濪չֻҪʺϵĲڡ
ֲ֫һԱȽƽ϶˵֫ϡ
ڳнеĶֲ֫ڣԭ򣬱Ҫн֫ˣȻԶֲ֫ԵĶ󣬾ֽ֫һʱ䣬ȱѪصĲ
ܹɹԼٺܶ໼ߵĲм
¼ҽԺܱ֫壬ܹ֫ô֮֫֫壬һ뵽ϼҽԺ൱ǰвˣ
˿ɽʱ䴰
½ģǻ˺Ķ֫죬һۣǸڣڶԵػˣ׶֮λãǺõġ
£˽ڶεָ֯ߵ֫ȣǺбҪġ
֣ѣǷãоǲ𲹲ѱļ֯ͨ򱡡ȶַʽгȵӳ
ȽѴѪ񾭣Ѫֻܹ֯ͨε񾭣ӪҪ֧֯
˵򵥣ǣ棬ʵ漰˺ܶ߶˵
˵ͼһ飬мֲֲ޲ֲֲΡתλ޲ϡ
мϵѶȣԶΪ򵥵ģ
˼⣬ѪܵתλѪܵķϡѪ޲СѪֲ
ѾǿЩˡ
ʱҽرǴƵҽܵķӦǸôȥ֫屣մ󲻴
ֻ֮Ǿסһߣһߣþǽ֫Ŀ̫Сˡ
ǣʵϣҲ֪ҪܱϣǿеģҪѺܴĴۣ˵ԼǿƵĽڣȫ䡣
ǿԱģʱ䲻ɺϡ
Ī˵ˣǴƵˣҲҪȳȥһЩ
͸22䣬ǲ̶ǿд˽ƽȥʱԸȻȸС
Сù͸ȴӭת
ԪڣܳɳйˣܳڱֳļٿһáⲻǴţ
Ȼ˵ܳܳɻļֱ̫ȫ棬˵ʵƴӣôˣǾˣڷϷ棬ôϵôʣҲˡ
ƾʲôûеط΢е£ѼѪܵҲܷϵôð

Сʱ
ߵ崴Ѿĥβ
֮ǰİţҪȥ22俴ġ
ԼǱĹûȥȴ˸Լס࣬ȥ˸ڵ22ȿһۣǣӿܳɣܳɵĶ棬Բ뵽УĦѧϰ
Զֻǿ̣ϸڣ֪ܳɵϸڲҲǳĺãָһתɶ
ǣע⵽ˣָܳƺЩӲ΢΢ӦǶʱٻ̫ã˼ƣͺѻ
ٿȣܳɺȻѾ˴󲿷ֵĲĿǰֻʣģļķϣܳɶѾǰɼ̵ֲ֯ˡ
ֵСܣʣµϰɣ΢ϢһԱ߶ţ
ܳѾĸСʱȥôʱ䣬Ħˣοˣ
ʱܳɵͬǸɲͬ飬ƣͳ̶ȣȫһġ
ܳɿ˹һۣԥǰеݸ˹һ˶ԼĹԱػλá
ȭʱܳԵظоֲ죬ڲϵĲ˲µʹܳɻǼסֻڲֻͣȻһֲֻŻ⶯
̶ע⵽ܳɵ˼һݣ˵Сܣʣµ͹һɣ̨ȥɣȥڵ
̧ܳͷֿ˲̶һۣ˵ʦϢһ¾ͺãȸڼ֮ٻȥɣˡ
22ˣרŴк˵ģ̶ûᣬǺٳʲô⣬ڲ̶ҽԺŽͬ¡
ҲС̶һ·һ߼ߡ
뿪Һ̨ϣҵļھǷ׷׿СܣȻӸ΢ţҿԸܼӡ
ˣڣӾֻǻӣҪ΢ŲģСŮˡСܣҵģ֪кܶطĽԴۡ
ңҽԺĽҶгµ鿨ַ飬ֻҪȥúڿ죬һ궼Ҫ쿨νˡ
ǶЩʲô˰ΪϲСܣȻǼӸ΢ţƿѧʱҺý㡭
ܳԣ̧ͷ˶һЦͷ˵ã˵ллλʦ
Ȼע̨ʱ͵˵ЩǿʵãԺٴѲĲˣϣܹҵѡ
ϴѧҽԺ֢ҪҪżѲļﲡˣסԺԼ˽ˡ
Ҳһ֡ȻשԼҪȱϿɡ
˵⣬ɿ۾ܳɿգȻӹ΢֮һҪϸرעÿҺ֣ȻĻԺһ
ϰ֮ЩǣҲ㹤ʱõĹ飬˵ʶҵĽԽ࣬ĹԽÿչ
ܳ˼ص˵ͷ
ллڡ
Ⱥ֡
ĶҽԺҲиԲͬȦӣסཻס࣬оо֮һȺʿ벩ʿ֮䣬ĵ̣λ֮ڣ
֮䣬ǿǸǣԼϣԼҵĲˣܹĻͨʲô;ԴָĲ֢
ٴϣûκһˣᰴս̿ҲֻǵĲ֣ʱ򣬻൱ҪرһЩڿƿҵĻˡ
УƵҽĵ̣ʲôĲˣʲôҽҿ̨ʲôĲˣƲҿ̨ǿ˵ģ˵
ֻǣ˵䣬Ϳܳɰոշû߸˳Ȼӣ¹һ£¶˹ϵĲ̫һС
ллָ㡣ܳɵǳϿңûΪԼով˹Ĵ󣬾Ϳʼˣʲôӡ
ʵЩΣҹˣܳԱߵǸסǾ˵ƺȫţܳɸҰѹķ߸ˣҲļҲ
Ӳ˼ˡ
һʼϣֻǸרע
ʮ֮󣬹ԼβĴ棬̧ͷʣСܣû˰ɣ
⻰һѧһ
ϹУܳɾδ󣬵ڶΣģǵΣʵû뵽ܹܳע⵽Ǳȷ˿˶ٵѪܹǻ
ʱӦûˡܳ㱳һ
VACǰɣֲƤֻܵȶˣˣһҪÿϸʱأȥֱһţֿɣͷʱˡ
ĲˣǰڵĿʹòһȾ֯黯ôһΣûڱ֫ˡ
ʱ򣬿صʹʹüһҪһ
ûʾͬ⣬ֻǽùؾҩֻò̽ڵĹŲſó֮ҩƻ˵ҩƲ
õģڡסæͷ
ܳɺ͹VAC̨ȻסʱۿVACѹѪ
ֻǣǿƵȻˣƵĻû꣬ԣЩ֮ǰҪܳϵʽĽڣ˿̶ȫעţδ̨ܳзġ
ܳٿһۣûʲôΣյĵطŻһ
ǣеļѹضȹȥˣϣû£ܹѹȻ󲻸Ⱦôӣͻһ¡
һǸȾ˻⣬ôҲû취ˡ
ʱ
ʣµģҲֻ
ȻܳҲ22䣬ֻǣս棬ܳɾͷ֣ζе㲻ԡ
̽ڣǹǿƵأûôһߴ١
ǲǹǿƵǫ̂ʲôʱûйǿƵˣ
˵Ǹܳϣ̽ڣҲΪѰô㿩ⶼʲôʱˣܱסôЩ
ܳʱǹǿƵʽ̶ְƽѹûѶԷĻ¡
˵֮ǰ21Ǵ޾µ΢͡
Ĳأ̶
һ˵ǲ̽ݣһӲš
ڣҪҪҰһ£̶ʵǲͷˣô˵
ڵҲ񣬿ʼɫ̽ڣǹǿƵĲأҲǹǿƵ飬Լȫͺˡ
¡̶֪ѹûԼкһ£ܲˬҲ÷
Ȼǳ𣿡̶ʡ
ܳ⣬ǳϵ߳䣬¥ȥˣ
ҲǼˣʲô˶źġ


ʮ 죡
Сʱ֮󣬳¡ɫؿ˲̶Լˡ
ѪѹڿʼˡƵĽڴпһ
⻰ȴûеõκ˵̨ͬϵҲûƺú΢
ʼذɡѲأþɡ̶ԹѲػʿԸ
Ѳػʿҽæظ̨
Ȼѿ˰װ޾еʿеʿ̨
⻰ĳ¡һ̶ܴ󣬶Ƶһ˵ǿûʲô⴦ˣ̨βͺˣ
õģڡȥϢңæͷ档
̶ȴɫ޲
Ҳҽʵʵ̶һ˽֫Ĳ
֮ǰѪѹȶǹǿưӦĴʹˣ˳Ѫ
֫ѣӦ˵̫򵥣ǽƽҲɣ֪Ľ̶͹ʵɲ䡣
֫Ĳɴ䣬ʮӣߵ֫״̶֫Ƥ뼡⣬ɵüã
ƯĽ֫ĲжˣҲȲ֫壬һһʵ
ҸҺ󣬹һȦˣС˵̽ڣʵ̫ã¡ƵĸڣԺڴֵġ
Ժڴֵ࣬Ҳֵ߰࣬ѲĲˣҪưæʱ򣬾ͱܿ¡
̶ɨ˹һۣ˵ڣڼǶû⣬ܲæˡҪƢУԼ
ⲻӰ쵽ǵչİɡ
ֿ˲̶һۣ˵̽ڣȻˣͨĻ벻ˣԺڻģסԺ
ʱеǰˣȫǼ̹۲鿴ǵҲչ
Ȼ¡ڲǣǿƵĲˣиʹ⣬Ͱѳ¡в
ܻסԺҽʦ֣Ǳ֡
ʱסԺԼãĲϣû취תѹܸ㡣Ҳû취۱˵סԺòá
һƵ˵Ȼ̨⣬ԼȫͶҪֱӰѻóС
ԺڵĽ븱ڵԴͽ飬ܹÿ﹤չıҪ
ΪЩʱЩ£Ļ̣ܲ˾ûˡ
Ļ̾ǣסԺΡ/ڣ
н£Խ˽绰ûн͵ǵסԺٴ绰ٹɡ
ϴѧҽԺļﲡˣôãɾôϣ
Ǿ仰˽֣Ǳ֡
̶⣬üͷһ
һʵ⣬ڵѾǾ޷ܿˡ
Ȿһ󵽣ղ⡣ǲȥ21䣬һֻǶһȣѡѡ񣬾͸ȥ21䡣
СҲΪ21Ĳ˽еġСܱġ̶͡
ǵİ̽ڣҲԴҲԼϲ񣡡
㲻ϧ˽ϵϲ֮󳣽ڵǲ̽㣬Ǹݲͬ˵ݡͬԼѡ
21Ĳˣû˴к˴кĲˣʲôϵأ
ǵõȨԼ̽ƸСܶҵŴȴûСǲԴˡεظ̶ͣһͷ¿һĶȡ
̶ô˵ҲĬˡ
ٵйϵкˣᱻǻõùһǾǴ˸ˡ̽ڣǲϹصġ
Ȼô˵ﲡˣ̽ңҲһˡҲԸѲ̶Ƶ̫
Ͼ˴µҽѧһҽ
ͼˣԺ˵ڣ˵ǰƤգһ¡
öˣҲϰˡ
ڣȥϢɡʱ䲻ˣԪ̶֡Թ
̽Ҳտֻ֡¼ҽȻܶԲ̶˵Щʲôʸ
Ķ棬ûв̶ת󲿷ˣûرʸһ˽жԴԭϵ˵̡
ڸˣҲÿԼ
Ҫ˰ԼΪ˴ԭ£Լ̫ڸ߿Լ
˾ʹ˱

ͬʱ¡ڸԼݻص绰˼壬ȻˣһȻûס
ԣǶˣѾ˹ǿõĽڣǣ
壬Ҳ֪ʱʱ̫ͬʱ̫ˡԣֻܱס
Ҳȱ𼱣ڵĹǿƼԷϣʱʣǿƻûĽ壬ȥ˾ҵη϶
ȣǻлģǻǮ㡣
лл⣬Ƚ⣬Ȼȥ˻ϲáһᾡġ
ã¡ʹ˹Ҷ˵绰
ȻİԼһҽǰɣƨûУƢǲСҴΰˣҽԺôôһӣ
¡һգǾȲ绰߶ˡ
̶˼άˣǳ¡
ԼõܣԼչˣ֮飬Բ⣬Բᣬ㲻һһ߿ͷӦУ
ǰʲô󵽣
¡ֻȥϢҪ

ܳɷԼûʲôطȥһҾ밲үүҲԶһƵסû֤Ҳûϵõ֤ס
ȻҲûϢֻǶһʱӣߵңϵ
ôˣȻΪǲ̫ʡ
ߵ㡣
ܳΪֹҶϡûһ
ܳһȻ󿴵ǰ˵绰֮ͨ󣬶ԷȻһǣܳɣпչҵ绰𣿡
ί
ûСܳһ۾
ھƵ꣬ĵʮģ˯һ˸ӣΪˣڵλڡܳɾͰԼľƵֱ˰
ʲô
һ¡꣬ȴһ£Ȼ˵
Ҫ
ʮӡ
Ȼ󣬰͹Ҷ˵绰
һ֮󣬰ܳҪȥ˷š
ʮ֮ܳɹȻڵſڣһŮſڣź޷źƤѥ
ϸ֪޷ĸ棬һ˯˯㣬ԱһɫӡǰÿγбرĸԼСױ䡣
ôˣܳɿź󣬸ϽѰ˽
͵͵ܳġܳһƤı顣
Ϊʲôܳɲ⡣
죬үүҰˣȴԺң֪һ̣Ҹоܣ
˯֮󣬿ʼ˯ˣҲ֪ԭүүϰľǵģǲΪǹˡ
һ߱ܳһϸ˵˵˵ͺ
ʧˣоʧȥһֱо˯ʱıرƷȱһܳƵı
⻢ﻢĻܳЩܲˡ
ʵЩ˵˯һɣ
˵ͷ
ȰܳٴοͣӵүӵԺʱǳ̻ϢȻ˫ĹͶ˹
оͰݡǵ˵ζоǰϰĿеĸ֮ɫ
ֳȫԼҵİײ˱ˣһǸչָӡ
ȻùûµĿʼգˣ϶۵˰ɣϽģԳԷˡ
⻰û⣬ֻǿôʣ۵ˣȴ̲סʼ롣
ϽˣܳҿһںͰİϣȥ󣬽һͲ
µ壬Χ߱Ƚ϶࣬ܳǻ֡
һԿɱһ
岻ƺǵˣҲ˵Ҳ֪ǲǱˡ
Ҳûãܳɵĵ绰ֲʱͶĿ⣬ƽţСӣĵ绰еڿ˰
MD߹ٶûôæ
ܳһȻǶִģҲòӣֻǸһȥ̨
߹ȥʱͿ֮ǰܳɷҪעⰲȫɩӣź˽ܳɶ֣Ȼأʦܳɡ
СܣϢô
ˣŮѼųԷܳɸϽԼڵĴʱɲˡ
ûϵԼʱ䲻Ľ죬졣
һֲ̨֫ôѯʡ
ڣҲ˰šܳίػؾ˵
ȳʱһ̨ǲ̽ڵģһ̨ģ֮ǰû취ֻ˽֫ڱ¼ҽԺ˹ûлȸסǼּȰ˵š
⣿ܳͻȻϲ̶Ƴ¡ߵһĻ
̾һҲûѻ˵ڣҹһٸظʱȷûʱ䡣


ʮ Ի·
Сܣʲô£ҽԺĵ绰ܳ߻ʱʡʵֻԼʣҲ氲ϼʡ
ܳɳУһ϶֪ȥݰ˵ܳɻʱѾĵ࣬ڸľƵԸˡ
ţ磬Ƕڴ绰ȥ̨
ܳغҲǽ˵һûӦ˵˿ȳʱ䡣
ܳô˵һİѣ׳˶ҲȽϴֿˣô°绰컹绰ǶͶ˻զģڶã
úúùܹˣⶼʲô°Ѻܲͷ˵
˵İϣ㡣
Ͽ˰һۣüչͷȥѹ˵磬ˣ֮ǰСʱҲʱദ绰еˡ
Ȼܳɣ𣿡
壬Ѷȣ֮ǰڳеʱһȻҽԺκ긱ڸڳнӴһЩǵչڡ
죬ȥʱͬʱĲֻ̫࣬һ̨һ˽֫⻹һǴӵؼҽԺ֫תģܲϣٰȸסܳɼؽš
ԣɤźһĿǰʡһ˻ɣ
һֱӰ밲İĹùðư˵עת˹ܳϣܳɣܳɵĻش
ʱ򣬰үӴզզһʲôڼӻΪˣ
⹫үү֡үӽ˷׷׿ʼˡ
û˵ָ֣һ¡ĸ˵ûж֡
ʵر̸ܳҽѧڵĵλͳɾͣ˵Ĳ죬ΪԼҫûҪ
ЩˣԸȥ˽ˣ֪ͺˣûҪ
үʣ¨ӣҲ£Լɣҿһ
ȻҲ߹ŰϺͰ塣
ΪүӵĵҲû׷ʰ֮ǰ⣬ǰݺͰǵˣ˽͵͵ʷ
֪ܳҽѧѧרҵڵͽ󣬷׷ײĿܳɡ
ܳɴ˿ֻ̣밲̸죬ûôࡣ
ͬʱơҲǿ˵ȥɩǵæ
ʱһζţ硣
󣬰ϵĳϣԼŮܳɣ˸𣺡绹мӻ࣬༸λͽ㸸ˣٳʱ
õģȥæɡ
ټںϣҲ˻ֵ
۹ܻ֮ǻᵥٹġ
ҪӰ࣬ڰغܳ͵¥º󣬾ˡ
Լķۺɫӣֹ˵裬ڶôæôʲôʱݰ
˭˵׼غ˵һζĻ
׼ʱݵģһˣغȻϽ֣߰ɣԼȻȥ
غȻʹŰܳɵԼԺ¥ȴŰʰһ¿ͷȻ»ص˿ЦЦºԸСߣȥϴˮ
£ԸϽʼ͵С۷䡣
СܣԼôǵİȥػǲȥغѰ֧󣬲ʳԼʵ⡣
ƣ⣬Ҳֻغʵģǰʵġ
̣ʵЦҸΪϢʱ䣬ӦǷֿġҹʱΣݼʱΣҲӦ÷ֿӦôôĵ°ִܺҵܡ
վڲ˵ĽǶȣ־ãҪҵġҲȽϾᣬۺһǱȽںúõعա
ҵһʽݷã볡ʵǳò
̣Բ𰡣ΪҲˡܳȵǸˡ
͵ģغ밲ΪѵģЩ飬ʵӦܳԼҪá
ǲ̶绰ܳɲƴǣǽǶִ绰Ȼһԭв̶ԭ
˵ĻԾǸϵܺͣλı
غЦЦأɶԲİ⺢Ҳ̫Щ
Աֵø㡣
ͬĹʣвְͬҵҪ󡣾ͺñ壬ҲǾżҡκιǷֽ׶Եġ
ڼȻɽ׶ΣôҪԼĵص𡣡
رʦ£ôˣýѧĺٴҵ
غǿñȽ͸ģȻΪһҽβˣ뱾֡
ҲҪһʵʵѣʹ߲֮˲֮ˣվֻڵǰѧһЩˡ
ǳ˺ͳɳҪѡ񡣡
Ѫһһʵ
غ̸£ܳɴһ
ȻغЦЦ˵㰢Ҳǿ飬ҽѧ˽ûҽô͸⡣
ҲֻǽˣôɣС˸ֻС
лġͬĵˣ˸񣬻İ붯
ߣᱣŶ뾴ء
ܳɸӾĪһ̸оغ˵ĵֱҪ̫ӣҪ̫ʵ
ϧغû˵ΪѾˡ
ܳ΢׽һغĻֻԼĶλһС
˵ʵڻԼ֮⣬˵ϲԼܵģԵģһܹͣ˵ıˣȴ޷ᣬܹ֪ѵɥ֮ʹȴҲȫͬܡ
֪ҲԹۣԹۣΣ
ʵ磬ÿ˵ȦӾôôȦӣѾԼеĸ鶼ע
Ҫҽ߸ĸģܵ˵ĸĸأ
㲻㣿
οЩʱȥβģͲΪҽ߸ĸļ֣άϵԼչԼһַʽ˶ѡ
Եƻ
裬ƻó𣿡һǩͣһôʡ
Щƻĸʥ
ԣȺʣ۶֭ģǹʱ򣬿ٶڵ㡣غҲû֮ǰĻ⣬תˡ
ϵһСϣʱˡ
裬ڿ˹ŶЦЦʾԼ
غ֪СҲǣЩ͵ľ͵ģ˽Ǯ˵ġ
ҲãƢֱСʱ򣬱ʵ˺üΣ޹úܡǾɣΪ˳ġ
ԼðõļҾɶġ
ʱʱҶһȥˡҲġ˵䣬վ֮ǰڼĿ˳潻˰
аǵ㵽ʱ˵һôԽغٴνΪԼϹⱻŬ
Ķ˰ϣӸλģСһѿ
ɰһϰҰѻʦ
üͷεؿܳһۣϽͷ˵õģ裬ϰû˰ɣ
ʵˣõġ
һʮˣˣʲôӵôҶ˼˵ˣˣǧҪ£Ҳ㼱غٴθ롣
Ҳˣ裬Һܳ׼ȥźǸͼݿ飬Ҫһȥɢ𣿡
˵ûȥʶ˵ůٺģ羰ܺãšϽתƻ⣬Ѿ²⵽˰ô˵ˡ
ѹָײᣬֱƾǴƨɡ
Ķ磬ϰֺÿҺҸ
ȥɣǵô֣Ķ죬ζˮζȽŨʵһ¯ȥ¥⾳غǸˡ
ȥǼʶ˻Ŷվǩ͸ܳһƻȻܳվ
ˣغ׷ʡ
ܳԣϽգۣɰȴ޷غʶ˵϶Һܳڳоһأ
ܳɸϽԵͷһҲ̫ǳ˰ɣ
غЦŻȻȻû˵Ǵ˻ɣԼ򡣡
õģͷİɣ衣ܳɣҪ˫ȥԼᡣ
ڷܳȴס˰ε˵ؿԼͬӵ齲˰ңҸգ۾ǸϿİ
֮ǰ˾˵ˣǧҪ˵©죬Ҫ˵©ʱ򣬳ûգʾһ¡
ʱܵ÷ɿ죬ܳɸûȥһֻȥ˵ܳڸ
ŶķӦ٣
ҲûҪЩʲôˣҲסܴġܳɽ˵
غ̸λܳɷ֣غдǻ۵ˣû취棬ԼҲԶԶȲĵС
ԣϸɨܳһۣ˵۾ߺһͦأ裬ֻܽа̡
ܳ⻰ˡ
ʵ벻ӵʲôëʱǸͬӵ鱩¶Լ裿


ʮ ܸɾ͸ɣ
źһ԰ɳΪ໧⾰ĲĵطԪѽڣ˲٣ܳģĪ˵ͼλˣͣλҲòҵ
ͣ·ķͣ㣬ȥȻѾΪܳɺͰҲֻѡƺһȦ
ʱܳɵĵ绰һ
Բ̶
żٵڶ죬ܳɽӵͨ绰ɳ֮󣬳ҹδܹң£ΪҽİҲǼƽŷˡ
ܳ˵ӰɣǱߵҪôˡ
ʦܳɽͨ˵绰ƽԹ
̶ǲ̶Լȥæܳǲܾġ
̶һ±ӣ˵СܣܻҪһˡΣҵһݸҴĵ绰
ܳɿ԰Ҳˣܳɵ˵ͷʣʦ
ϴѧҽԺɳаҽԺܲһˣҲֱӸϹ̶ܲ˼
ڵĵλҾͲˡ
ûµģʦܳæ
ܳײ̶˼ܾ˶ֽڵ룬ȴӦ˲̶ģһףһױ׼Ͳ̫ʡ
ھ͹ȥźɳаҽԺԶܳ˵Լλá
Ȳϣڹƻûңٵһ¡ҵʱϵ㡣ȽӸ绰̶ҴҾ͹Ҷ˵绰
һжԻˣϣֳ֮ɫ
ܿ죬˵߰ɡȥó
ǿһȦˣͣλǰ߸죬رżڸϵҽԺҪһʱ䣬ﲡ˽ңҲҪһʱġܳɾ˵
ţáΪµ̾һ
һǰʱ䣬ܹ²õܳһʱڣԺܳɹ֮Ӻʱ䣬ǳ̬
£ܳԼУסܻ壡
һ·ϣ˶û˵
Ȼ󣬰Ͱܳ͵ɳаҽԺſڣǰһΣԼɳаҽԺԼʦڵҽԺԼȥҽԺԹ
ȥɣˣϢң㡣˵
ܻԼ򳵻ذɣܳɿ˿ʱ䣬Ѿ̶ܹ࣬绰Ĳ϶һСʱܽõС⡣
Ҳ绰㣡ԼĿ
Ȼ󿴵ܳɿʼݷߺ󣬰˼ʻλƿţȥܳһӵȻſٵػص˳ڡ
Ⲣܹܳɣܳɼм䣬ܵġȻԼҲΪܳɵ뿪ܡ
ܳɿŰ뿪ıӰ΢΢һ
һ̣ܳʹٴ׾ڵˮƽʵѾٴַԣһʵңһȲ裬һŶĥʱ䣬һΪƵ롣
ܳɿЩףһ߮ķˡ
ַ֮ǰܳȫ᲻ģΪʱܳɻûеһĸ߶ȣرûеָ߶ȡ
ڣܳɽҵ·ϣܳǽӵκĵ绰绰˼ǣܳܲпȥҽԺһˡ
ܳԼң֪æʲôʱˣ
˼ҽˡæȥ취κҲǸһЦ
Ҷϵ绰ܳ΢΢һ̾
ɳ˵󲻴󣬵ˮǳҲ࣬ССĹϵҲĲ
ܳңԼûѡȥħĻôһܱ
Сܣˡһһˣǲ״绰ġ̶ȿܳɺ󣬲˵˶Էݡ
ʦȥҰɡܳû˵
Ȼ侲ذѲ̶Ҳൽˣ˵һࡣıģˣҲ顣
ν˲ͬϵͬвͬ
С˸ֻССӽΪʵЩ
˾ã²ܽߣΪҽִͷģǿ϶û׽ǴҵԲ˱ˣ
˾ãҽӦǾԵĸĸߣͷģûرҽԴûйϵЩˣǾ;ãҽ˶һͬʡ
ҽʱȴദԭ򣬶˵
ߣ˴ˣ˸ˣҧһ䣬ҽβˡ˾ȴ˸Լ˶ҰԵȴʵ

СˣֱŪˣǰصң˫ֿտգҲտաһµİҲƢ
غֱ֪ܳˡ
ʦͰҷǸƵġŨš
Ϊ̶ǵһǴ֮ǰ㽵عڽڼյΣ鶼ûˣڳгԳԺȺȡ
ڳʱܳɿԾܾһνļ¬ʲôԺҲҶܳɺȥ
ɳУҲû˶ܳɺȥǺȥǵҲýˣϰȥԴ绰Զһԡ
ɴ绰ģҪôǲ̶ҪôǶ֣ⶼܳɼΪʶʦͽڵˡ
ǰϣҲô绰ȥƽʲô
κ˵֣ܳɶԲΨ̶ģ֪ܳɱ
ʼǸ׶ΣԼԼʦԹǿƵǸСҽ֮ǣ޲òӹǿƵҲֻв̶סѹֺãǱ߱ߣΪܳȡᡣ
˲̶ĺ£̶绰ʦĳԼߣ˶ᣬǲп̰塣
л鶼ⶪģν֪Ǹܴڵġ
غ˹ΰıӣһ꣬ƢԽԽˣСûٳ㰡
Ƣｿˣͬһֻβ͵è
ŮӵƢ౻ġǹˣܲҿ顣غǺܶģİÿ飬ҲŴĸԡ
ϽѥӣȻ˻ߣ˵裬ҽͲ˰ɣƽʱˣҺһ£ô
˵غܲ²⵽ʲô
˵ҪܳɸȥߵĿ·ߣô
ȻѰɼܳĿе̷ǳȫڼǰСǰ̻ãʱǹ̶ġ˽ｨ顣
غЦˣԣľȻ
СԼҲӦ֪䣬Щ˲Щ£ǶԲŻ˷ѺͲء
ΪڵСܣѾﵽɱȡٴΪҽ
ǶСԼῪǿǰɣ
룬죺ҽҲ˰˾ҪлȨȨһͶһܡһͶʱ䣬ܹ޶ȵİɡ
ܳɣĵҰҹֱߣȫͲͶΥġ
̸ԼԸܳʦ绰һ٣ܳɽлܱͨɵֶȥѹեͶҪеκá
غŷСߣһĶĲס
ÿһһҪĴں飬ŻѤ뾫ʡڣ漣棬վһƬ¼š
֮临ӡ֮κʱ㶼ܱŷΡܶԽ
ǰ˵ЩãأغŰ֡
ǿиͶι𣿡
Ͻҡͷˣ޵ġ
ҪľأȾǰӦءȽ̨ˣֱСֻܰػˣȻֻСܸĸ绰һ¡
Ҳ˾СغΪЩ̵˵

ҽԺҡ
̶ܳĹУܳɵĵ绰ٴѲػʿæȥֻͨȻ̨Ժš
ǵĵε˸ѲءϴֻʿڶܳɺͲ̶佱ͣ
Сܡ
á
СæƵģһ֪ܳںεأЦ̸Ѿڲ̶ʾȻֹ
ҶĵεѹȸУǱܼܷӦùġ
ڣҵȷæҿʱ仹ԣڣ죬ˡǳǸܳʮǸؾܾˡ
̶̨ǳѲܳԤٵóʮСʱϣܹȱĻֻǵˣ
ˣ֫֡
û£СܣæҾȷһ㵽ûʱ䡣ֻȽϿ˾ûܳңȴǲǶֻ
ڹҶϵ绰ĩβ绰棬ִһǲ̶ˡ
ܸɾ͸ɣܸôľ͹ŭ⡣
Ҷ̲סĿתܳɡ
ܳޱؼ·һжûһ
ĳĬûãܳɱӵ˵绰
ιãҽ𣿡
֮ǰΣܳ˽ãܳɣæ
绰½Ϊİ
ҽġϴѧҽԺ¿ƣҴ绰㽲һ߹ǿƵıƣĿǰѾˣû㹻ķݶ
ǿҪǩһԺƸͬ
ҽģ˱϶һʱ俼ģҲᾡȥΪȡ
ҽҲҽԺĲʿӦܹǵѴ԰ɣ
ллʦڽڼռӰѣæǿԺ𣿡ܳʡ
õģҽԷΪ


ʮ ôĹ
βܳɶٽӵ绰
ܳɺͲ̶Ѿ̨ʣµ飬Ϻβʱ̶һʱ嵽ܳǰ˵Сܣȱ嶯£Ȳܡ
ҽԺͿԻ´ģСѲ
ˣǿҵٽڣĿǰҽԺʽԺҽԺ˵ϻģҽԺﻹֲһЩ߰
ϴѧҽԺǹίԱֱѧҽԺʱҪԮԼܽ£𣿡
̶֪ܳɵ˵һ죬ʲôƨ绰ɵ˾͸ɣɲ˾ͱɣ⻰ԻڰСʱڣԭⲻشոսǸ
ҶԷ̹ԵŵǸ
ûҪҽԺ
ν׽СѲ
˵ˣܳ밲ɶϵҲûУΪ֪ܳʲôҳΪһ˳λ˵Ĳ̶Ҳ֪ܳɵȨʡڲܻ涼û취ҪҲֻǱ洦
ίԱԴ֣ǻԥس֣
ʦûʲôġİɣ£ҲȥġܳЦЦȻȥ״ɶġ
Ȼܳɿ˿ʱ䣺ʦʱҲˣһˣһȥԵ㣿
ûԣսʮСʱǸóԵˡ
û취ܳʵãʵڣɽȥ˿رǳˣһ˲ܹҪȴ
룬òˡߣһȥԵ㶫̶ܳɼȻʼ绰һ
ڣΧŻ¯⣬ˡ
̶ûд绰ʶֵ׷ʲô飬ܷʲô飬ܳɶԣǻطѡ
ң̶ǲԴ绰ȥ͵ġ
һ㣬̶ͽͲףΪܳɵɳУ̶绰ص˴绰ܳɾæɾܾ
飬Ǳ֡
Ѿ֪ܳɵ飬ǻ˭ˣ̶˵壬ҶǳˣҶ֪ûҪ
Էʱû˯˵Ҫ̨ܳˡҲֶ֪ܳûƵ߶ţֻǷϢʺ۲۶Ļ
ŮѷϢ̶ܳ˿¯ԣʡ
ţʦɳУŮѼҹյģ˹ջؼȥܳЦţû
Ѿݼڣܳѧĩͻż٣ӴѧżٵܳɼҹĶʮţкܳһʱ䣬Ȼٸϻɳйֻ꣬ƣЩڶͬʱҲ㹻
ֻܳڻûõ𳵻Լݣʵ죬ĸСʱܵ߸Сʱ
ˣ˼Сܡ̫ˣһЩرҵˣٽ֫⣬һˣһҲܲˡ
ǲˣҴ˵ɡԼȴЩ˵ͬˡ̶һ˵ţһ߸Լơ
̶˵ûĲ̶Ƶĳڲް𡣿ܳûô룬һִܹ˵ģôЩģ޵ԡ
ͺǣĸֵܣ춨ѪŦκεûýġ
һӣͣͣһЩںķѪԵϵˣҲȵѱ˵ĸĸԼĸĸ߰Ѹĸ֮ˣĸԴ
ʦܳ˲̶˵ͨˣʲôõأûôෳգԼûиԼϵ¼
ȱסԼ̸ܹԼҸѡ⣬Ժ󻹻ٲ٣ˡ
ѧΣֻ̽סҪ˭˭Ҳÿճ̰ŵġܳȰţӲذѲ̶ҪȥľƸ
ҾȺһСڡ񫣡̶ɴС۾˶ܳ˵
ܳɱЩεط֣Ȼ̶ͬٱ
磬˵ʮٽӹ绰֮ϲɫȻԼ˵ţȥɣȥݷüˡ
ôˣ㻹ȥͣϢһ°ɣŴԱߵĸ˵
ϵͬ־µ̿ԺʿԽҶǹǿƵȨָֻˡſ佱š
һȻϷӦСܣ
ţ¿ƵĴȫܳɴ˵绰ȥ˵ҪǩĺͬʱΪԺƸͬȻ򲹱ơһѪƵ贸ڣƱȶҽԺŽڸˣٵʼɱ
ȻԺҽԺﲻһãˣԹǿƵ»ҫٲԺҲȥ˵˵
ɢȥֱӹȥɣú̸𷢻𡣡˷ǳ£Ҳǳٴ˿̵飡
ΪϴѧҽԺԺж˹ǿƵĴΣȷչǿƣٷչҽԺһֱٵһ롣
ܹϵٱסͶ⽫Ǽ˵롣
ҪҪʵ˲ţʡί쵼
ʵر贼סδʲôݣҪһ£ʵϸ֮¥´һݷõ绰
갽ڣ١갽ڴ˿̿ڼң·갽һȣ˵
˭֪绰һͷ贵ԺʵڲɰڲڼɳаҽԺſڡһҪݷãԺܸܲ
һ鴦׵ԲҽԺκθӰ졣ҲȡùǿƵҽԭ£贷ǳ˿ѾڵǸ·ˡ
һô˵ţԱ߻רڴ绰ϵܳɺͲ̶ȥ
ԣɫԴһ󣺡갽Ǻ⣿
ǹǿƵҽ갽᣿
СᣬһСᣬԺһʱ䣬ϰ´ã贽ӲƤԼʵǷ֮ǰ׼
ûв࣬һξˡ
MLGBģܳɵôôͷ贼ֱˣ֪ҹɳаҽԺſڴ磡
갽ڣСȥ˱𴦹Ҫô˵أҲ˵ģôʡ
⣡
ԺСܹźѡ飬ɵѡ񰡣˭˵أһĭ
Ҹ갽ʱ䣬ȥһʡƼĶȽһȫĿƼȽСԴһȣⲻΪѰɣƽ˵š
̰ɫɫ
֪ҽѧо׷£ѳʵʵĳɹ϶챻оˣҪʵʵĶʮʮϡ
µĻ֣ɻֶ
ԺҶѾСǸˣҪ
ɵ˾͸ɣɲ˾͹е˿Խλá
Ȼ갽ڻһѡ񣬾ҵһԽСλõˣҲɾʹգ
֪ηٺô˵ţںͶԷЦ˼
ԺôĹʲôѵҪһף˵仰Ҫ贿ʼﷴ
갽ںĿ˵ڣΪԺԺڵĽڼڵְ輰к˲飬Ƿ֮°ɣ
갽ڣڴܹҴһĤݡٺܲô˵š
ڶ棬ɫ˲˼¡
ԺҪȨı˽𣿡贿ʼЩҵڵ˲ӣǾȫвͨġٲͨˣͨҵˣ
갽ģһԼȻ𲽷䵽ҵġ
һʱˡ˵ţ͹Ҷ˵绰
绰һͷ贵ɫһ任òƣڿֻǸܳɵǸҲðܳȫȥȥ
ģܳɣôվŰأ£ȻһԤ׶ûС
ٲΪ责㣬ýίԱ֮ʱҲҪڲˣ
⽫һźţ贲֪źջΣôԺ󣬹ƻ죬Żлᣬɨβƨɸɾ
֮ǰְƵ¡ȣҪһһۼС
£ԽȥԼԽá
뵽贰ѵŵƨһӣߣȥˣ
Σߣ𣿡
ûˡ贷ǳ侲ô˵
ٲû˵ܳپͲôܳǷԺûйϵôȡǸ⣬ҲûҪˡ
Լֻ˵һ仰һʵɵ˸ɣɲ˾͹⻰ûģĸ涼û⡣

ͬʱȫȹϵϣͷҴš
Դӽӵٵĵ绰֮еˡ
˵ףҽԺȨԺܵġ
ڣ˵Ҫ¿Ƶıƾһ£һרŸ绰
ͲԶˡ
¿ƵжٱƣԺûоȨоԵĽȨ
ոգȫ绰Լ绰ԼܳɴǸƣѾǹػˡܴ
ԣԼðһС飬ܿͱժˡ
һΣײʯͷϡ
ô죿
ȫţָԼĿƳ˵绰ȥ
¿ƵĿƳǴȫֱϵϼӢɽ
ȫ绰ͨӢɽһʱ˵Σǿҽ飬ȫ֪ģûκͨ¼Ҳ֪ô£нɣ
ޣȫҪ˵ʱӢɽѾǳϵذѵ绰ˡ
ȫûƤֻǻ㣬׻ʲô˿ȥʣ⣬Ҫ⣬ڿͬһ֡


ʮ 
ʱһΣһ֮
һܵҽԺҽƣȻʣֿƳְƸô£ҵĸְƿѾˣҲˣΪʲô˳мƸ룿
ҽҽԺְƣԼְ֮⣬ҽԺʲôְƸ㡣
ǸڻΣмֻΡ˲ֹһǰ㣡
ֿƳ˵갽ڣϣѾ˲ˣԺ⽻ϸغ˲˲顣
õĽǣ갽ղŲ˸Ҫʣϡ
贵˲ڣҲǰ϶ô
贻ûٿ˵
һڣԺԸգûվһߣ
갽ڣǲˣɰ̣ŲϣǰĸƸΣǵʵԾԺ쵼۾һꡣֿƳҲǲɫ
ϴѧҽԺȱǸ߾˲ţȱֶѧƴͷˣʲôסԺҽʦʲôڡͨĽڣԼܹ
ˣʱץһѡ
贵ΪģֿƳ
ǣֿƳ˵ͷģҲû취òĲϻҪģǧ򲻿ɴźá
ֿƳһ责÷
ˣ˲٣ʸߣҲֱȥȻ󻹲˵㶫ţû˵ȫУͼװǹˡ
ϴѧҽԺĸ䲻࣬ϱ˾Ϳ϶ܹҲ£֮ǰû˿
ʵڵѧɹǲ̫ģڽѧҽԺѧɹ£ҪڣҲǲ׵ġִһЩ£ŰѲϲ롣
Ѿǹ֮ǰʱЧˡ
贵Ϊ裬һ죺ֿƳ¿Ƶб䶯ô
ֿƳҡҡͷҲ̫¿Ƶ⣬ȥ¿ơ
Ҳ棬һʱ䣬ҽԺְִˣв٣òƽֶѹȥ˺ݻ˭ְʹְòƽǾͲҪˣչ߲ȥˣϴѧҽԺҪˣ
ԣ¿Ƶ⣬Ҳ⡣
վûзʲôݻͷתˡ
֪һνܳ¼ǸѣٲΪ˵һ仰͹ֻĳǸǿƶô¡
ٳΪԺ飬Ҳܷڡ
ֻѵҪ˵˻᲻ٰҲ֪٣Ҫʲô
Уĳᡣ
ڴȻ۵ͷ󺹣Ϣʣô࿼ߵĶŹһ롣
ҵĶ̫ˣʱôûôණ
ܳûػڼ࿼УֻҲźѾˡ
ûһԤԼĿʦˣȡһﻹвٵĶԼеĴӣʣǲǻжҪôûһµأ
ЩҪֿͬĵطҾҶûء̧ͷһ䣬ǿСһۣ˼΢΢һ˵°
ﶫе࣬Ҹ֡
˵Ű˶ŷ˵ķţ˲׳Ͷ
Žгˣ˼ĿСҲ˲ʵʵʼᶫ顣
󣬲ŷ¾裬¡
飬Ĵ٣ľܶࡣ
ܳǴڳд죬ȻŲɰԼڿʱͰѶĳȥȻ˿ԻϼȥȹˣûҪڳٴá

Լ࣬ܳɲŻ
ŷ˲٣ܳɾ˵˰һʰôණӦһʰġ
ðû£֮ǰʰһЩҪҶ̫ˡ
ǸѧǸʦܣ˴æˡǣʲôʱߣ˵Ҫһʱ䣬֪ڸذš
֮ǰ˵ƺһŮôܵñദһʱɣ
ȹʱ͸ûȥˣٺ١ܳɲ÷˵
ͷŵˣǮȥǲ˹֡
ܳɵ˼ܳһڣȻæתƻ⣺С֮󣬿ﻹ𣿡
һϴѧҽԺĸڡû¬ҲѾˡ
ο󻹻һʱء֪ܳҺİţ˵
ȻһˮҲֻƿװĿȪˮˡ
ȷĻɴպ󣬾ֱӸһϼңȻһֱǼҹꣿȻȥһʱҲûϵġ
ҪҼǱסϰߡܳٴȷ
ݵĶ죬ģĻǲûϰߵˣɫسţƤܸɡ
ûµģ֮ǰ͸ҽˣѾ˻Ʒ
˵һλȥҪʲôأ㳣еز⻹ôɣ
ֻŪ˵Ҷ
ҾЩˡ
ʱڣ߷÷ãԳԺȺȡ
ʱˮǶʮ֮
³ߵϣӭµĿź죬Ѿֽһ깤տʼʱ
ûصɳаҽԺУΣڵѧҰ磬ҪŬдñҵģ׼ҵˡ
ܳҪȥϴѧҽԺ¿Ʊˣ⽫ʽĵط
·ݵУ֮һֱûֿͻȻҪֿȷе㲻ãӰҳʱСӵ۽ǻŲľӨ
һĻѰ϶Цˡ
ȡЦ˵֪ĻΪǷֿԶأҲͶʮӵ·̣úð꣬ʱҿҪμıҵġ
Ժ죬԰ϵ˵ͷͷʱһϰȻڴлϣҾдллҵĸʡְ֣ϯŵλҲͬͨ磡
һ£ǰİǲôЦġ
غЦȻ˵ЦϽȥѧⶼ뿪ҽԺһˣʱúøʦѧ¡
Ŷһ˳ȥܳͷ밲غ˱Ҳߡ
ƵСܳɵģӣǰġ
Ѱ͵ڰҽԺסС¥СŶˣӦҲǣհһ귿⣬;绰ûһһûסƶ֪顣
ܳɰæʰľĴ
ʣ治һȥǱߵķһ𣿡
ˣܹŴ·ѵæٻܳЦЦ
ģûõ¥ַ̣ܳɺͰûֵϰߡ
ķӾҽԺĺСҪ¥
ⲻ᲻˵š
߸Ͻѱҵˣ˶ʿҪġܳ˵
Ľ㡣ͻȻһ䣬ҲǾҵĶԼд仰ʡȥ

ܳɵ˳ķѹƨɶûȺ̶ĵ绰͵ˡ
СܣȾˡӵ̶绰ͺ̶ܲˡ
ܳ뿪ҽԺ֮ǰԳԺȺȾ绰뿪֮󣬵绰ûһ
ϴѧҽԺزŹȾƵľ־ְˡ
ʦλùɡ
ϣ˲࣬Ͼ̶ڵ绰˵š
ܿ죬һλܳɿŲԶ㲽ǰȻǲ̶ϲտ̯Ȼû١
ܳڲ̶ǰûжپơ
ܳɸ硣
ʦ֡ܳɵʱϾ˶վӭ
Ͼ֮ǰ࣬˶ʿҵ֮󣬸̶ϴѧҽԺܵĴСĿǰڵĿеˣҪǸд£Ե÷½ͷѾתѧ˶ʿҲá
°ɣԼˣûҪ
Ͼþòܳ˵
һˣʱ찡ܳɸڶߵһˡ
ϾпţȻƫͷʣʦܳɸӦǱҽԺƸΪΣסԺɣ
̶˵ͷϴѧҽԺûиְƣҪסԺһصģһͦѰģСҪ׼ɱȲðҽԺ
ǵñܣ¶绰һҲܺܿȥ̶˵
õģʦʱܾҪʦˡܳڵھҽԺҲסԺʱҲֻǹҸûгʽסԺֵ࣬Բ֪ҽԺֵൽʲôط
̶ȻеԵʣ΢͸¶һ£ҽԺλһӡ
˵𣿡ܳɺؿ˲̶һۡ
ҽԺڣʵʽְ֮Ĺʴֱۣͬ飬ͬˣְͬƣõļЧǲһġϾСһȻʱͬģǹȴһ
ϣְԽߣõҲԽࡣ
ڲˣһûϵģҲû˻͸¶ȥ̶ƺ¶ľҪƵġ
˰ٶɡܳһ˵ţһһ±ӡ
һ仰ֱöϾͫ


ʮһ ҽһ죡
ˣʡôײ˼̶ۡ÷˵š
ʵڲ̶úܣܳ˲ţҪܣܸϷʮ⣬RMBҲܱ任Ц
Ͼתͷ㵿̶
ʦҾǹˡܳЦЦ
ٶҽԺģʡ滹٣˵ûҪҫŪú£úõһҽ
һעѾʳǣô͸ܳ顣
ʦ־ҪӰסԺ࣬Ȼתѧ˶ʿٴĻǵеķʸҪٴ޸Ƽо
ԺҹʱվҪٴıµġ̶š
̿˿£ͣ䣬壬༫ãڸҲá
̶ȡֱȸܳɵˣ˵СܣϴѧҽԺסԺҽԺһļﶼҽԺƹģеĲ˻˼ſڱֻʣ°
ûô鲡ʲôۡؽλģһ꣬Ҳֻż
ķҽԺʱ֮͹ģǧҪСġ
ҪǱԼǳǿ
ϾЩ֮д
ܳһţһߴڰ⣬ζζ͵øոպãڣҲ壬ʱͲôھˡ
ڼ䣬ܳɺȾҲȵý£ʵǲžζ
һҹգ̶ܽ᣺һ깤յʼǴľһٴڿз棬þľ
ͽ괺ڹǵĶ飬Ҫˡ
ʦʦҪôϾʡ
̶ͷţ˶ʿͳѾҽһ˶ʿרҵͲʿҲһ
˵ţ̶ܳɣĳСܣ˰ҵҲصģϾͺѧıҵ⣬㻹Ҫϵġ
ڱҵû£ɲŻ߱ϲҵ
̶ͻȻ˽벩ʿʦϵģʵĿͶԿе̶ǲġ
һǱ̧ܳģǱܳɵĵʦǿʿʦʸ
ˬȻǺˬģ֮ǰλҲͬնȥɳаҽԺԭλΣҲʵʵغһ̽ڡΪе²λĲ̶ѧϰУȡܹ
ʦһŬܳЦŻء
˿ȻӦع뵽̶λҲһֱˡ
̶ǿŹŵά̣ȫ̶ʵ²̶ȥһЩ۵Ĳˣϴʸ
ĿǰϴѧҽԺĲ̶֣ܹµģ̫ࡣ
ëϴѧҽԺǺѳԷġ
һܴͳĿңҴͳչҵΧܹ㣬СҽԺҽԺдƣǹǿƵĻ
ΪһջᵽϴѧҽԺĴƵĲˣϾͲʲôʲ֡

ʦſǰСۣǻһ䡣
ȻظңúõϢˣܳҲ˯һ硣
գȵܳϴϣµ·µİ״ӡźڸɫǩֱֱʼǱʱ򣬾غܳˡ
ǲ̶ԭƵסԺܣջƣһڡ
ڵ۴ͺȦеŨأ˯ʡ״ϡعϣ洩ŵɫϴַǸ˼
һɫܳɺ󣬾Цܳɼ˵Сܣˣϲ㰡սԺܹŵסԺҪŶӡ
ⲿʽֻܳͽˡаٷ֮ʮ춼ó硣
ŶҲһ㣬ʱҲʱ绰ڷǳܳɴк
㣬ܳɲſϵ֤գ֤ϣԷŨܣһ߸ݣЩ˧ӷ緶
ٿǰĻڡкݲ֪ûˢûϴ꣬кܶɫպۣǹŰ״ӻϴ¼ѹġ
˫˫ֲִڣһЩɫĸ񣬿ǱϴҺϮظϴ˶κµĹԵ֢״
ΪҪģԿھȻ·סԺֵһǾδ
Ҳע⵽ܳɵɨһ˵Ѿûңϴ·ǿϴ¿ӹҵİһµļڡ
ʮһӰ嵺ĻƱСܣңԺһʱ䣬֣صؽˣסԺһЩעҵĹʼ档
·ݵרҵоסԺҽʦŰͷ顢ҶѾˣֵҲѾϸضƣѾӡˢ˿ǽϡ
ֵҡҽ칫ҡֵҵſڡʿվһţֵģ壬ڿ칫ҵĵ̨ϣԺ㻹Ҫãͱʧɾˡ
Щҽ칫棬߰˱ֵǼǱҲҪǵдЩҽԺҽƳӲҪĶ
ҪУڵۼ¼Ҫм¼֢ۼ¼ÿѧϰ¼ѧ鷿¼һΣҩʹÿ¶Բ
СһԵ˵˶ʮӣȻŰܳͳסԺֵҵţȻʼʮǰĿӡ
ƣʵǰܳЩŵˡ
֮֮ܳѾ׼
ʼ֮󣬾͵ÿʼһݹϸĥڿʼʽ֮ǰеѧϰ̣ܾ͵ܣ޵ġ
λı֮ǰͿʼֿļ񣬼ٶ༸ԼҲᱻ
ڽסԺ֮ǰܳȻϸĶӦļ¼סԺճȵȡ
ʱˮܿ죬㿪ʼʽĽࡣ
ҽ࣬һ죬Ǽڣֵҽֻһ䲡Ժ˲ƽȡ⽻࣬˽ࡣ
³ҽ󣬱ĬĬ뿪˽ңҲסԺҽʦֵ󣬻øȥһֿƵĿұȥμǱߵࡣ
Ȼǻʿ࣬ʿֻ˵ˣֻһ̨ĿǰתȥICU˶ֽ飬ֽҪȥ鿴󣬱ҽʦͻʿĽࡣ
꣬İƣµһ꣬һ½һȺСܣ½һȺȻ˶ȥȻҿʼףԸλҽµһ궼иֵûˣûʧ˯ѣŲ
ܳԸϽPPTҳ棬ȻȺά˳˵ʦλڣпλʦԼʦǣҶһɨȺɣ½ĹȺ
ܳٶöֵһ㶣ܳɽ״̬úܵλǰ׼һС
Ⱥ鷳λʦһԼıעĳ绰뼴ɣǧĴˣǧȺƸ˰ܳϸλ
Ʒɨһ£һԶ˵ڣǵŹҲʱǲŽҸ
ÿοʱһʮҪŶӼӸŵģҿһΡ
ʵڶסˣһҲֻһʱӦӺţȻϹͷᱻɢܡ
Ʒǿ֮һʵǳǿҲģȶֶҪһ
ʿ͸Ͻ˵ǿڣÿڶʮšʮʮʵࡣ
оǣλڿܻҪӿһסԺ˵תԤԼסԺˣÿ춼ܰǵĵ绰򵽱סԺʱˡ
̶û˵
һߵ˼һЦ˵ǿҵת໹찡ÿβ˶˵ǰȥģסԺʱȵסʱ䳤ˣҪһͬʣסԺʱԺʱƽסŷġ
ʿæЦЦΣĽѾˣҪߣһѴġҽǱҲѴҶ໥һ£΢취ѷ˵ټӿ㡣
̶û˵
ǱԺĲҽ̶͹˹ȥ
ǿ˻ʿһۣʿûټ˵
ˣʮˣû˰ɣҪʼˣһʮˣù첻
һЦ˵ţһ߷һ2888ĳ
ôһܳɶ㶡
ȻϽʼ㡣
ܳʱѾ31/40ˣĽ٣Ȼƽ82.34
ʱܳɻ̶Ʒ˶ûĬĬظŶֱһ1888ĺҲǷ40
ܳĬĬޣȻϽʼȻǳڵ5.3Լ8.1ԶԶƽǸȹȥմˡ
ʿȻЦ˵룬һһģѰҲһɣҿɱȲϼôҾͷһ888С
ллΣллڡлл̽ڡ
ллʿ
ллλʦ
Ǵˣ24գũ֮ĵһգǽںһϰ࣬һգûˣеʱ
Ҳֻʱ򣬴ҲҪǽţҪǿм֢Ҫرؿǣ᲻ᱻ˺ͼԼ˽ף
죬ҲܳɿʼסԺĵһ죬ͷһƬЦо㲻


ʮ סԺʽֻ
žžֺը󣬶֣Ȼ
찡һ죬Ҫ¸λ֣صؽһλĴ󽫡
ô˵ţ˶ĿƵ˵ǰܳϣ׶Ҫ˵ʲô
ҶˣǿסԺѾֻܳСҽʦҹƻӭԺҽĴܼˡ
ʿĴܼҿҪúչһСͬ־İô⽻
ʿǿĴܼңͨʶͳܿĴС񣬿ҩƷĲġסԺ˸ðĸλϣû˴λô죬ҪҪӴʲôûˣʲôʱлܡ
ʿƣʮ꣬ȴҲѾµĺۼʩױۣΪܸɡ
Цؽӹ˶ֵĻ˵ΣͷİɣСܶ༸Ůѵ飬չ˲ķ飬˵
һ仢ﻢĻܳһʱΪЩס
˶Ц⻰ٵĻʿǶŸ߸˧˧ܳɰﲨ
ϴѧҽԺĻʿǱ𲽣ѧϲⶥ
ҽԺѧߵһץһѣʵǿҲܳô۵ģʱ¼尾ܱô˧ģûм
֮ǰڼΪ߮磬ڳҲΪףǱòãܳɻǲԶ
֪֮ܳ󣬾ͲѧʱôϽˣЦöҪӵסЦЦ˵ллʿգȡûʿŶżŮѡ
˲ﲨӯӯΣҽ˼Ŷ
ֻ˻֣ʿǧСֻϻϵ⹦Ҫıһ룬ƾͲûʿˡ
ˣлҲ˵ҶһԼϵ˰ɡ
¼ҽ㸺£
ܳɣ̽飬¼ҽʦԼȥϸĴλȻģΣ
ƷͿԶԶվŵһСӣȻһӲһ弸ĳϳɵ˵Ĺܴҽﱨֹܴλ
־ֻЦЦ
ȻҪࣺҸȥæɣ鲻࣬ѷ顢ֹܴλֵ飬ȷ⣬СܣǿҵĶ߰ѯ飬Ҳʵ
Ǻǰһฺ߰˽˵ļ⣬͸߰绰ฺ߰Ժ贴ƽĴ
һ㣬ڿʼǲ45ܴҽԼ𣬳˲鵵ʱסԺ𣡡
סԺһҪʱߴ١
ɡ
ִ˵꣬ܳȴֺһ£ڣ˵һ仰
Ͼŵ룬еĹܴҽһ½ңǿһСᣬǱ¹С飬Ҫϸضһ¹ЩֻҪܴҽμӡλˣ
Ȼ˱ɢ˿
ܳɵĻֺƷ˶໥Цһ£ܳȥħھҽԺһˣʶģסԺ񣬽״̬÷ǳ졣
˵ңû鷿
һЩתʵϰ½½صˣתо͹Ծ͵Ҫܶ࣬Դ˿̶ҽ칫ҵſڣ໥ܺš
ǰĸƵģڼ갡֪֪ﴴߵײװļʲô𰡣Щ
֮⣬ʵϰǾͱҽ칫ҵǽһվţؾصģһҶġ
İ״ӣҲ֪˭һˣһ˾תͷȥ߹ܹԼ˴Ƶģڴš
֪ܳԼסԺ֮󣬳ҪҽдճȡȵסԺܸø飬ʵϰ͹̡
ܳڿʼֹ֮ǰѾƵ¼ҽˡ
һסЩŵ룬ܳٴ׼ʱس˽ҵſڣֱ˹ſվŵš
֪ǴƵˣϽͷžͿһǴ˼꣬ͬڽǡ
һԷƣʱϻٵضֳ֮ɫĶǣǱ˳ᣬͲСˡ
סҽʦоʱվһšʵϰһؾصġ
һʮ
ܳɼʣЩҽʦʸ֤ģЩû֤ģ˵һ¡
û֤ҪΪ˰ֵ⡣Ҫҽʦʸֵ֤ܹҹ࣬ȻĻֵֻ࣬ҪȷЩʱ䣬Լ΢͵
ҽʦʸ֤ҪڱƱҵ֮󣬹ҿλ߶оһܹ꣬˲֤
ʱ˾֡
ϸãһαоס棬оһ꼶һǸտģҲû֤
⻹꿼֤ûҪ˲һоڱԵʱ¬ˡ
൱ھֻ˿Եֵˣܳɸпһ£ְĻͱҪһװ࣬΢еడ
ɣ֤ĺû֤ķֳӡϽ죬ܹ26졣Űˣʣ죬ֵ֤ܶһ¡
û֤ĹܴҽڲеֵʱһǵøҴ绰ͷϢһʮСʱҽԺڵġ
ⶼģ˽뷨
ȻʶҪһģԼȥЭ̽һܷģҲϣšȻŰһʱ´ӡǽϡİΡ
˭ҪҪһҪǰҴкͬ⣬ܻࡣ
ûкģûͬģҲֵҽҵĵ绰һε绰λᡣ绰ӲֱͨӴסоĵ绰㡣
ʱҪֿƻǵĵʦӻȥԼ̻ܽʲôԼ
Ҷôġ
עĻͻûˡ
ܳɴ˿̷ǳ˵ţҲǻ֮ǰסʱǸˡ
ܳɹʱ򣬸˵ÿҸҲסвܳɵʱ̫棬Ҳû뵽һԼҲΪˡ
û취ֵƶȾ͹áһ£ֵҽҲĻûô죿
ʮ˵ʱɪɪصͷĸߴȴ˧ܳɣﵱʱ͸һıǩ
ֻǿһ㣬κٴ⣬绰һ죡
ڵĵ绰Ѳ󣬽𻨷ѵģǵʱҴ绰Ҹµĵ绰ѣ𣿡
ҩ⣬һϼţϼҽʦǿʲôҩǾͿʲôǧҪԼк⣬ҪΪϼҽʦǵҩѧѧòʵ
ԼĥΪϼҽʦдģǾȥȶ໥ѧϰǧҪ鶼û飬ֱȥϼҽʦҽ󣡣
ϼҽʦִļʣǵǧ֮һ𣿡
˶˵ͷҲǸסһµĳСˡ
ûʲôˣˣٸϸ˵һĹأ˸ȥæɡ
ܳһ£˸Ⱥ½뿪˽ҡ
ȻܳٶԼĸʣ棬ûйǿƵо͹
һ˵˵ͷ˵ʦǽоһ꼶ĹĿܶʦѧҽл»
ãˡأ
Ҳ֣ܳɵһۣ˵
·
û֤һ
Ͼʵϰҷһǵȥܳô꣬͸Ͼ˸绰
Ͼǲ̶רҵͲʿоĿǰڳڵĸܣܳɲʱǶϾֹסԺС񣬵ϾܳˣϾֻʱ˾ӶߣԺµʱ仹ܳ
Ȼ󺰼뿪֮ܳǶʵϰһֵİš
ʵϰҽѧԺģкģʡʦѧУģܹʮĸŮ
ܳɾԼĸֱȥ飬ϸظԼ˵һЩأ˵󳣹濪ЩҩЩҩҪǿƣЩƵһҽҪֵȵȡ
һܳɾͻϰѹضˣȻٿ˿ʱ䣬Ѿӽʮһˡ
ֵһЩϼҽʦٴ˽ҪƷͶִԼϵ˹ˡ
ϼҽʦʶܳɵģص˵ͷк˵Сܣϰˣϰ𣿡
Сллʦʦġ
磬磬磬硣ܳɣǿԺСܡܳɵ˵ͷؼ˿ϼҽʦ
̶飬ھֻйڣܳһסԺá
Ʒ飬һ縱ڣҽʦ
ֽģȸܳйܶεĽΣһũһж
ͶûϵģżȻɺ϶ն
Щܳɵϼҽʦ
ֵ˻û˵
εεεΡ
εεεεεεΡ
ʽֻħܳɲùҶϣֻܱǸ뿪ҡ
סԺĵ绰ǶʮСʱκγϣҶϵġԶҲ⣬ͼܳɲһصǺãҲûʲô
ڣһעһɡСôؾڿҸȡ裬໥ϵ໥һ£ͬ
ƷԼϵ˵֪Сʲôµģٶȥɡ
Ц˵ڣǰٶȻǰٶȲأpubmedһ²ࡣ
ƷЦЦ
ֲųţܳɱӭǸ˵ڣ˸ܿҪֱ̨
ϽȥһסԺôʱģԺµĹܴҽˣҪǰһäֺǷֹܵĴλķݶ˭ãĲɣȫ̶ܳ
ѧϰģ͵ǣ
Ҳû֮ǰǱˡ
һ֣ӽ˿ңͬǩˣûط˵ļơ
ܳЩΣҪǸסԺЩҵ񶼻̫ǲݣûѧ֮ǰЩɹܴҽǹϼҽʦĺݾ
뾡һ¼ҽʵٴ͸̫ʱȥչ¼ҽΪڵ
ܳ궡ֵ͸ϽƷߡ
ڿһСʱҲûܳ»ص̸һ´⣬סĵܳɴ˸绰ȥʣСܣǱô
ܳһ߽ӵ绰һ˵˼ڣ߸˵㣬ˡϾͻؿˣ
ܳô˵˿ʱ䣬ʮ벻Ҳ˵ܳһСʱĹ򣬾һ̨ٶȺ񻹿԰
֮ܳǰľ鿴ܳɲĲдŷܵΪ
Ծ͵˾ɣһΪܣҲ֮ǰǫһʲôҪһ㱨أ
˵⣬΢οһ£һǿרҵסԺѺúܶ࣬ܶԼ㶨
ܳһ⻰ԴŹŹֵʣڣˡҽԺĴƣļȨ𣿡
˼һ£֮ǰܳΪħԺӰܴҽƸܳҽԺҲȨ˴󲿷ֵȨޣҲû취ȫȥȷ
صӦеİɣ
ǣոļʲôѪ˵Ĺ𣿡
Сģ򵥵ļֻа鷢񾭻Ѫ˵Ĺۣļķ棬סԺҽʦҽƻǻȨ޵ġ
ûüǰסԺӷҲҽƵΣ
ְܳƵ⣬ذ죬ܳ㱻֣ҲֻҽƵԼưͳԻοܳҪ飬ӦԤϣȻܳɸ㵽ԺǸ
һ̨ĿԷԹۣC1ġйɶĲˣҿѪ˲̫أһˣ
ܳڵ绰˵󣬾͵ڣȻ·
꣬һ£Ȼ˿ʱ䣬ȷʵʮʮ߷֣
ȻԵ绰ܳɣվס迪ԹһСʱҸˣ
ϽܻȥϷûУ
ûңҲ
һߴһ°״Ӿݷܡ


ʮ Ͽɣ
ֺò׻·ļǵܵſڣֶϴãȻýŲȿҵĸӦǦţ˵Ѳأ·
£̧ͷĳ
ܳɴ˿վ̨ԣ޾¶ˣܳɵԱߣһ˿ϵɴɴĶϿڼܣɴ롣
ܳɶ̨˵ģΪ֮ǰĴŰ׼һʱͣ
̨ϵĶϾǲҽֻĵصŶѲ졣
ϴֻʿеˣѲػʿ˫װ޾Ĵӣʱ׼Ϊӿ⡣ҽҲ̧Ƥգգ۵ؿŶ֡
ֺܿͷҵ˶ڿ
ܳɼ˾ʾϾȲҪԼ򶡳֡
ϸĵܳɣʼǰѾ׼ǰּƬеͼƬѲػʿæˡҲǲµġ
֮ܳǰħԺѦ޵½ʱһϰߣǾǾذѸݶѼ롣ܸ˵ֻеݣûʵͼƬĻ֤ݵ˵㡣
ǿױġ
еƬɼд£ΪͬнѧбԼ۵زģҲԺһҪбд̲ʱѵԴ⡣
ѾչԼĹôЩԼԺְְƱرز֮һ
ܳɾѹ˵ڣǻǰļЩеͼƬн׶ԵCʾͼƬ⼸ĸƬ
ҼƽŻԾûŲ̽ˣбҪô
˫ĿؿֻƬȻһһĿ֮󣬰Ѿϴ˵˫Լ·ϲ˲
֮ٶܳеһЩͼƬϸڽзŴȻӣĬĬ°ֻܳɡ
һ˵аɣ
ǰŵˣ֮ǰסԺʱ
˵⣬ƺ־ûѾжסԺȥƽ飬Щ̫ʡ
⿪Թۣһڹ̶ƽűȽʡ
˵ʵܳɣֵǼӵġܳڰҽԺʱֱܳвٵ֪֪ܳɵʵǿ
ɾܳɵʵ㲻ź°
Ѿһ߮ѧǰˣ£ܳһ߮飬λҵ۷壬ȻΪһСʧ󣬾һ겻
߮ġ䡯ѾöֱۣĶ尾ܳپôһ⣬ʵⲻסĥ
ܳĵһ㡣
Թۿһڹ̶ҲԶڹ̶ֱȽϸӵģصѡǶڹ̶Ƕй̶һ崴Ͷڹ̶ĿմڣʹͣȽĥ
ܳھñȽаվȥٸȾأϾܳڵĸȾƾߣӦԤȾֶҲһεĻ˵ġ
ܳɾ͵ڣΪ߻ߵסԺڼһڹ̶ԺȻҲǴ
΢ؽھճֵʱ򣬴ҲðŸĸȾգǣЩ϶Ҫһһ˷ġ
ţаɡֻһ
ԺĹУǸΪϸһ㡣
ĺºͿ־屻⿪֮ȻһЩ뷨
˿ڷϣȻͼƵICUɡƽȵĻǲ˺İš
ҽȨ˵GõģΡ

Сܣ֪ҲǧҪעˣҪҽ˷ˣɾֻһΡһСΪϡ
رסԺ׶Σֵʱһǵðˣⲡ˻߼ˡ
飬֮ǰйġٴϸؽҸܳء
õģллڣһע⡣ܳɫ¡
ȷҽһӣһĲˣܾͻᱻһӣ
飬ΪãĿǰǶԲ˼ãʵϣȫչߣʲô飬˿϶ͻ˵ҳǮ
УСܣһ¡ֺȻ˵
ڣ˵ܳɿ˶һۣѾʱֽȥ๤׼
һϯ˵꣬ܳɵɫȴֱùŹ
̶Ĺܴҽĸֱл»л»ǹǿƵоͬѧ˶ܴģл»ǽרҵ˶ʿо
ͳֱƺƵоо꼶
ʵϰҲĸֱϴѧƵϴѧƵģƵĹغʹʡҽҩѧƵ
Ǳ˶ǰƵĵ꣬ѡʦԾڸʵϰʱѡԼϲĿҺ͵ʦ
ǱеѾȷܱУûõҪȥһԺУ˵ȥħ߾ѧھתԼҵġ
ƵĹҲƵ˶꼶ҲҪѡʦרҵĸʵϰ棬ҽԺѧСʱ;ú⼸һʵϰǹרűάһ
ʵҲǱУǳѧˣɼ꼶ǰʮҲӵбеʸ񣬵ڵĴѧֻܹбУʡʦѧϴѧߵıʸǵѧУʱ߱
⼸λȽ΢Եе㲻̫ôÿ
ܳɰźܴҽ֮󣬿򼸸ʵϰʱһԱվһ㣬ΪؿܳɣϾΪϴѧѧȺȦܳɵϢ쿴ˡ
ΪѧԵǷǳŵϢǴηзٶе˼
ܳɿĸʵϰһ˽˻󣬾˵ģйأͷֱл»ͳɡ
ҲǿдʲôģԾ㿴Ҫ͸̨ȥԼҪȥĻԸ١
ûʲôĻϵĲ鷿붼Ҫ
ȸҡܳ˵ôһ䡣
ܳ⻰һ꣬Ϳ˵ı̱ԻˣָоܳȴԸţΪɶ
Ͼʣ½ʦҿҲ𣿡
һ㶼ûеӵ˼ҲԼҪ൨ӣѧϰģܳסԺֻҪͼ⣬Ͳڴ
ôһʣĺ͹ضҲǵ˵ͷʾҲƵ˼
ô˵ɫһ˵½ʦҪҾ͸ʦְɡ
Щ
ǵһһֿʵϰ֪ԼѧУлЩʵƽʱ⼸һЩ⣬̫ͷСظһ˶εĽ顣
ôһЩ˼׷˵Сǿû˵ʦ԰Ҳһʦѧϰ
ܳɾͶ͸ҰɡҲҵĻҲԣ˵ĻҿܾͲ̫չ˵ùҸǺģסԺҪϵļеࡣ
֮ԺǸоʦ֣ҪΪǸиԵҪҵİſԸǸɵʱ䡣
ΪҪôǴѡʦĽ׶ΣҪôͶԺУĽ׶ΡǿҪˡ
ǴпҪеģԻֻҪԼͿˡ
ܳɰԼ뷨˵˳
УֻҪؿģıлѧһܳҲǸǵӦĸðš
ܳôһ˵üͷջǾ½ʦҵĻĿǰѡʦͿҶ̫һ࿴໹Ҹ˽ǿһЩء
ʵڲȥл»л»˵ò̫㣬һ֪ʶл»Ǳ˼һҴ
ô˵ֻԼ뷨ǵ˵ͷ˵½ʦҾģڹʦְɡ
ȥħڷڿƣҪʱ䣬ǸڱȽصܳߡ
̸ܳܽĶܶ࣬òš
ƱȽϸȤǿתҲǿԼ᲻ùǿƺ˼͵½ʦҲɣôҲһ
صΪ࣬һĸͷһٰʮ⣬ͺ׳ʵԿЦ˵
ҲͲˣʵҲܳɶѧϰһ£ֻ³ͷżѡ
ܳʵ֪ܹˣһ㶼ԼѧϰһĹ滮⼸˵ѡҲѧϰɡ
ܳˣǾɣҵĻҾһҪ󰡡Ǿϲ鷿ڣϲȻԼɡ
ڿһ˼ලǵĲûʲô⣬ҲԸһĲᡣ
⣬뷨ʱԺҹͨġʵϰʱǰ£Ҳ̣ϣǿһضȹ
ܳɰЩˣľֱȥҹˣȻ˵֮󣬹㿪ʼԸˡ
ܳҲûȥĺ͹ദֻҪǲٴϸҽƾ׺ҽ¹ʣһ㳣ĲǿԴȥʶһµġ


ʮ ֱԣ
֪ΪҪһôܳɰסԺİ칫ʡ
ʦ˼ǣ󷽷ʡ
ʣһĺϰߣҲԼֱʡ
ЩӣŵԱŲŲӣ۾ܳɺ˿
òܳɱҪ˧һЩƴŵĻƺЩܳɵӡ
ڲǰǿҵĶڣҽˣ˵СҪǹǿƣҾÿȡΪԼһ£԰㵥ˡ
ĻģǹǿƵ˶ҽѧʺŮӵġֱܳԲô˵
ֱܳ˵Ļ㶡
Щŵ˵ʦ²еİɣ˵ǿҪ󡣡
˭˵ģܳͷ粵
ǹǿҪɾǿΪƣɱ⡢ơƵƸɾˡȻʺŮﾺѽ
ǹǿƵŮҽҲٵģ˶˵ĶΪŮˣҪŮҽ빦ָܶǹǿҲڿǺѰ˼顣
ܳȥ˳һˣһЩ˵Ļаѿصġ
˵кӸóƣһЩƣʵ˶ҽԱҲԵҪġ
ⲻԱӣԱơ
һ죺ʦǹأ
ƣѵǿƾͲȡһµô
ǹǿƵԸֻǹۻһһܿ׵ġѧϰ뷨ǲһġ
˽һǿƵ֪ʶѧϰֻΪʶܳЦЦͬӵĹ
ܹ⼸˶¡
һǣԣܳɿɰԼѧȻٰҲԼѧ
ֻҪԲ̶ɵʦѣƵĲʿռ
ܳҪְæź£ѵöֻϡ
һϯȷܳһϵС
Ȼܳɲɵ£ô߮ҲˣֻǣĿǰܳɿܻǱ߮ʺϴѧġ
Ͼ߮ûд̵ľ飬ܳȴϴεľ飬д̽ڵľڡ
ÿһ飬һ׮һΪÿ˵ıǩ͵̣ûġ
ܳڵͿɲ˶ʿоʦôϴѧҽԺνĽѧϵͳ͸Լ˼ˣ
Ƕԭ
ʦ˼ǣȻҲ
ܳɱ㿪ʼţˣǹǿô׽Ǳ߲ȥȥ˴ƣ㡣
һܳɣʦ߮磬û˵ɡ
ô˵ˣܹõĶֻܲõģԺѧѧõ鲻Ķġ
⣬ֵ߮ܣѧһ仰顣
ǹǿƵĻԵĶΪҪġ
˵ˣ˭Ҫ˵ǿƵĻҪôǾͰѽ̿ˣ˵ܳô˵ţظ
漸꣬ǵʦҲȻҪȥһĽ̿ġ
ȻҪˣ͵ѧᴵţơ
ãܳɱ͹ţƣó˵һ˵Ҳ͹Եзˡ
ҡڲܳ˵ԶʲôĻᣬǾȲ˺ðɣĿǰѧҽԺĹǿƣҲܻ͹СʦܣҴһӡ
Լѧֻ£Ҳֻʦˡ
ֵúãȫ飬缶Ļ飬Ҳǿȥõġ
ʱ죬ʱ䣬ҲԴȥǶڶû취˵Ŷ
ܳôһ˵꣬;Сצӣʦң
ңܳѧô
ϴѧҽԺľѹɲСѽ
ĵģڣֱġֻǻûֱӱ̬
ΪȻѹСҲǱ˵ľѹѾԱˣһɼҲǲһµġܳɺš
ĳɼģǶġ
˲ţΪҷչıǴ飬ÿ궼ϸıУѧǧһԭ
ɱҲŹ˾꣬ûȥҹѡ
ԸѧһЩᡣ
ʦϵĻԸԺʦһѧϰ־ԼСצӡ
ףǺצӡ
Ȳű̬ȸһʱ䣬ô׵ؾͰǩˡ㰡͸һʱסԺģȻ
ҪҪŲ̶ѧϰ
ȻŲ̽ʵǸˡ
˺ڡ
ܳɲô˵ţȻסԺ칫ҵžͱˣһ
ܳɣҲ̫˰ɣˣôҵסԺ˶ʿʦʸҲˣˣȻ߮ˡ
Щ߷߲ƽ
߮ô˵䣬ֵشһȦѧڡѹ˵ѧ˼øӵġ
ʦ֡ϵƵʦֵģϽˡ
ʦһʼˡ
ܳɾͿ߮һۣû˵ʲôȵùôԼۺϻֲʲô°
߮Ҳ߯档
߮Ƥʲôۺϻֲƽ˽ұȲ㣬ǱĲˣֱȵùô
㻹ˣʦҷ䵽ѪƵסԺȥˣҳԷ
ÿ¶ҪҳԷ
߮ľòƽҪ˵ۺϻ֣ôȣǾʵһȫҲҽ⻰
ƫƫϴѧҽԺһܳɣƾֻһסԺܳӦ֮¡߮粻˶ģȥˣȴҪ䵽Ѫơ
Ӧ𣿡ܳСһ
ǿɲסԺֻһ̣ҲǵϣҲڱ˼λݺá
TMֻܴѧоͷۡ߮簦̾һ޿ӡ
ˣㆪˣѧڣ档
߮ô˵ţҪתȻǰתһ˵㶨ȻĻ᲻һġ
ܳȻСǱº͹Ҳġ
ŽڲǺҪҹҲȽڲ
ʱ򱻱ռ˿ӣԼʧ߮ôһ˳ȥ
·ֻΪһϷ
ԥҲܿü˾ϣʦԺˣģһЩʦòȥͽģͷһʦʦǺúദġ
߮磬ڰڣҲһ档
߮綼˵ˣ治ġ
Ӧº棬
ܳԣţܳɲ߳ȥ룬Ȼͻͷȥ˲һ²ڵҽǹǿƵĳҩǿءֹʹҩθ⼸֡
߰ģ˾ֱӸܴҽ绰ǻٿһҽ벡Ӧԣϸ
ȸҽдǿƵٴ˼·ŵġЩ׼ˣȥѧЩ
ܳɽ꣬͸ˡ
׷Ϳܳɰ˴ΰ칫ҡ
˵ʦ֣ǺǹǿƵʦɣ
ڿƵľڣǸʦ߸Լֶ̣֮ġ
üٵġ
ǲе׬˰˫Ŀʡ
ǰһǿƵʵϰоܷˣʦһҲǻ˲ٹġ
һܹʽоˣôܼأ
ٽԺʿд̿飬ܰ쵽ģվֻ
ʦܴӦѧǶ˽ⲻŶȻЦ
ŵеԱʦ֣ԺҪԼʦ̡
ض񣬶һʦģҪ໥æ໥ѧϰ㶮Խ࣬ԽãŶӽþԽ졣
̽»ʦֵܣδضǵö£ȡ
ô࣬Ҳֻ࣬Ҫ࣬ܶѧ
ҽѧר

СʱܳɹذѾͳ˲Ǹ˵ڣʵǲ˼лᣬҵһ绰ġ
ǾȴǺܾɫ˵ͷСܣ⻹ְŲ鷿˰ġ
㿴ֵá
ллں񰮡ܳɻֻǸرǸ
һ½ְһоʦҲܶˣ˳ˣӦͲúڡ
񣬼ȻѾ˹λƽ̨ˣôͿʽشֽŵؿʼˣһЩ˯ģĺüһһˡ
ʱ׽ڡڡ߮ˣȻҪʡĹǿƳȥٰܹѹǿ֣֮ɣǲŽˬ졣
ҪҪɣܵý̤ʵأȾҪӿĹؿʼ
ܳȻϻصҽ칫ңʼˡ
ǮǷ壬Ͻһˣҽһ£۵Ĳˣиάأʲô
׷ۣ㿪һʮĲ˳ʲôԭ


ʮ ûû
һܴҽΪƵظϵҽ칫ҡؿܳһۡ
ֹôǿôأˮǰɣ
ûסԺҽʦܴʱ򣬿ʲôҩҲнģúãܹõһʲɵġһЩˣزסģͿܻΥ濪ҩ
֮˵ƵĿأֹʹҩ֮࣬޿ɺǣҪãԲкô
ɶһЩʳĲ˿׷ۣǰ׵ҺֽͬĲ˿һȣⲻǴǶô
֪ܳԼͿС˾Լܲס¡
ǣλıȻԼסԺԲʲô˰ԼĲ
ҲҶ£ϼҽʦŵģû£绰Ҳࡣ
Լϼҽʦ͡ϼÿģǸԼȥʹĽڽܳ͡ɺӲ˵
ǿǧҪίԼίˡ
ҽ֮ǰܳǰ˵ļˡ
׷ܲڹǿã
Ȼܣٴǹغĵط׷ۣʹõָ꣬˵İ׵С30ǻãˮأ
˿ҺȾ
ǲܹ
35ϵİ׵ף˿ڷι
ܳɻͲţϼҽûǮˣ
û˴𻰡
ܳ˵Ҳ֮ǰʲôأǲûôأҲûôν
һ˵ˣ˽ִҽĻˣ۳ټЧԼ˵
Լı¹Ҳǿǵϼҽʦ취ֻҪб¡
ǳǮԵġ
棬ʵõģõģܹܳµģܳҲһ˰ɵ顣
û»Ҫô㻹ֻǸѧš
˭ôģ
Ͱȥܳһԭ

ڣ˶ѸԵҽǻЩ뿪ˣŻ˽˵ܳɵл
ܳҲûᡣ
ô顣
Ҫô˲ˣҪôͬУⲻܼ˵ġ
סԺԲˡ
ܳɲѲ˵ԼӣҲǵ޹֮ˣסԺ
סԺ֮ǰ˵ܳҲܲôࡣ
ޡ
ʦʱӰ칫ҵһ˹Ȼ˵ܿһǿƵĲ𣿵ûҽͲ˺š
ŶһҵĹš51015XXXXXԽһ˺ţҲֱҵ˺šܳżǵãû˺Ÿġ
õģллʦ˵
ܳҿһ£ûгԺѻ˵ǿƵĲҪ֪ͬ飬õѧϰزģɲʲô֡
Ȼڴ󲿷ֵ֪ͬ鶼ģ塣
ģǾģϸĥһ£żһȥ̤˶ҽѧż
ˣܳʡ
Ͻ˵ʦ˵ҵ˼Ƚϵ͵ĲȥȿˣҲ˵ЩҾȿȽϺá
ܳɵͷĻãǵѧϰ߲һ棬㲻Ҫż
ֱӰղʿˮƽѧģʱͿܶࡣ
ˮƽ༯ڴҽѧרƵĻñͻǿϺܶࡣȴӲ֢ʼѧ֪ǿƳĲ֢ǱȽߡ
żʱ仹ء
ܳżԼһ
ʵҽѧһѧϰѧƣҲҪѧϵԼɳ
ֻܳԼѧϰߣͨģѡ
õģʦҲżǺ͵סӡ
ĵһѧãҲǹһΣڼߵʱˣ֪֮ۻȻҲ㼫ΪҲ˶ĲΡ
ЩۺõģȻͬѧһĵ
컨岻һϵؽӴͬ컨壬еñ
ǿʵϰĵһ죬ż
ܳɻ˵һЩʱ绰סԺ绰ܳɲҵ飬ֱӽˡ
ǹǿƵʦ𣿡
Ǽƣһ
õģϹܳԾվȻ˵ȿŰɣȥܼˡ
Ĺ涨ǣʮ֮ڣҪϵֳ
á
˵ͷû
ܳҲʹҴҵذƹǰȻƷȥ
һ·Сܣǿʮڣ͸ϵ˼ƣʹ󣬼ƵĻʿȴļңȥɡ
ܳҲֻЦ˵лл
Щأ޾ϸȻ˽ôϰˣҲ֪ˡ
ܳɸϵʱѾвٵסԺڻˡ
ܳɲδֱȽֲˣڱܴ
ܳƬһ飬ϸһȦܳͷƤˡ
Ҵΰ£ˣеˣüһС۶ûһ⼱Ҫǲ绰Ϳϵ⣬˶ˡ
ܳԹؿ˼ֵͬ¡
ȴ֣Ǳ߼ƵסԺҲѵֵסԺҽʦϹҴ绰˭ȴǿƵ绰ģ
ٴĵ绰¡
ƣ˵Ĳǧ򻯣ҪרƻҲҪһػġǿƵļȻأȰѲصشһȦơ
סԺ˶Ҫˡ
֮󣬻ǹܳɵǸˣ˼ǿܣһˡ
˼Ȼˣдɣ
û£Ӧõģܳɵһϰ࣬Ȼ
⼱ƵסԺƢãȥסԺҽʦˣӿʲôҪǿƵĵ绰һ㶼˼𣿡
ǡ
ܳд˻һ
ʵصҩ
ܳд˻ٴϸƬȻ뿪ˣҵסԺææȥ
ܳҲûЩסԺҽʦдػȷҪ
ǿҲӦ֮£ϾйǿƵļڵġ
ֿ֮ܳ˿ԼסԺֻNĻϢ
ԣסԺҽʦҪܼƽҲҪȥġ
һأܳɴǼʶ
һһܰ
֮󣬲ƽԣʱ򣬾ͿȷһĻˡ
ܳɺǻΪ˽ʹĿģȥ˻·ϡ
һﲡˣֱӰܳɸˡ
ǺڿƵһˣ𴲵ʱ򣬲Сָָͣǽڣָ׸ǶţеʹƬ˻
Ƥûƣ
ܳϸƬ˺üȦȻ飬˶оһй
Ҳ㶣ܳ·ϣ˵ĳĲ֣ȫһ
ҽû°ɣҪɣ
û£̣úϢˮ׾ˣû˵ͷ֯ˮףİ
ҪҪҩʲô˸֮ģŮרĸҩġ˵ӵ
ҲУһͿˣ̣İܳ˵˵ҩˣȥöû⡣
ȻѪҺڿơ
˵ЩǿƵ⣬ǾǹؽףҲû취ʹˣҳڷҩµģθãܳҲ̸ֻܽһױ٣ġ
Ȼٸڿơ
ڿƵĻﲡˣ֮ǰйۣбƵģǸ
ܳɿһ¸ƽƬѾгõˣٿһι۵ʱ䡣
üһѾ¹ȥˣҪǵӴ㣬ʯֱӲ˶С
ȻʯҽֻǹǿƵ˿ܳɾæʯ࣬Ȼ˼ǿٰܶѻд֮

㣬ܳ߳ʱ
ҲŤܳɣʦĲˣδҲ̫˰ɣ
ûǡ
ܳҲ˲ӣ˵ĲˣҲǵһǰƵġ֪ô˵
ܳɳ̾һ
Ҳʵ⣬죬Ϊ˿ڸųȥһνǻٳ
ȻڶĹУŤ˿裬ŵˣ֧֧ػҸҽ
죬ʵ̲סˣ⳶ۣһ
ʼ˵ͻۣ˲ʷܳһͨ˵򣬿ǰ֢
Ű˵ʵ
ʳɫҲ־鱻д쾡¡
ҪǱ˸˿ڿǺãź˵
ȷûйƵľ飬Ҳֵ֪£øһɸǻڳ
Ǿһμ︹Ĥ׵ļΣ
Ҳ֪ˣȥܳɸϽѻתƵ𴦡
˷ûһз԰ɣ
ˣʦһȥԡϽ֡
ûϵƣѧԷǳе飬ҷϻÿһ۳Ժ˲źá
£ȻȥûĻͳԹٻذɡֱܳӶסĻ

Ҳ֪ǲǴɣһεϣܳһε賿˾ͽסСڣ˼ؽںλ֮ͬǰܳɳаҽԺʱСڣһģһ
ļλܳǿԲȥطѰ취ġ
ҲȷûҲûнĲˣ˰ܳҲһѼؽλַλ
λɹ֮ŮĻеһ£ûû˵´λҲҡ

ߣŮס˵졣


ʮ Ȩ
ܣҲǺţС⣬ҪǰҽԺɲһ㲻ǰֱӴߵġƵĲڣҵסԺܳЦҡҡͷ
ܳҲǽ֪ϴѧҽԺڣƵסԺ
ƲҡICU䱸һ
ڵסԺѼڵļסԺˣרסԺĲ˵ľιڵסԺǷֹмﲡ˵ĳ漰ȴICUסԺǶԼ֢ߵĽȡ
ӷףڼƴһСʱܳɱ㲻ӷףǾٶһ˲źá
Ⱥ֡
ҽԺסԺĲˣܻܶ಻ҵĲǣҽԺ֮ǰܳɣҲϴѧҽԺôѲĲˡ
Ͼڳ˵ô˽ġ
浽ߣܳɲ֪ԡ
˵סԺҲ
޸磬ҹģҲǶˣû¾꣬Ҳþôˡܳɶ˵
֮ǰܳǽʦģϾѾҽʦְˣֻǼûнӰסԺˣԼסԺĻϡ
޽ˣҽԺڣһֵƸԺƣҲϰףûҪѧڿһʲôΣʲôҽʲôʦһףӦ
⡢סԺ֮ҲֵƣܳҲס
Ȼܳһܣ곤˶ܳʵڳ˵һƣʮ߰ޣʮ˺ȥʵǾƦʮ㡣
ǵҲǣҲϰʱˡ˸Цҡͷпҿһûؼˡ
ˣ޸硣ܳæȭ̾޴壡
һ첻ңҲֻмƵˣסԺôܻؼҹꡣ
ȴʮ˶ʮСʱ˿иͷżٵġ
ϰ˾ͺá޵Ϸƣ˿̰ѿժ͸ʱеݣͷϱñӼɵļͷסԺеı־
ܳûֻۡ
޸磬ȥϢһ£ҾͲˣٴҵĵ绰Ժգܳæǣиֺá
ƵסԺνרסԺĸ磬ǵûֱӾרסԺĹ
ãһЩ򵥵Ĳ־Ͳ߶ˣ˵ССʹǿԼ͸ˡ
鲻ãһ˵ƤҲҪǿƵҲѲǸùϵû
ƵסԺǾԲ̫Ͼʱġ
ȥһȻʱˢһͣһߴŹǷżͷϢҷߡ
ܳ͵͵һƬ浽ü¼һԼһʱ״ȻٸԼڵ״̬һƬװֻᡣ
ǵü¼һ£Լеֵ۷塣
ûоסԺݲ֮ǰֵ϶۷ģǹסԺθڣǸʱҲˡ

ܳ˻ص˿˶û˯°סԺĵ绰ٴ
زǼƣǴӶƴ˼ĵ绰
Ӳ绰ܳɿ˿Ҵ⣬ȻϽʹҴҸ˹ȥѾ಻
ֻǣ˶֮ܳɾͿȫ˳ŵһСӣСļָ׼Ƥ
ȻǶƵĻʿѵ⣬үү̸ûģ˺öѪô죿⻹רҺͽ
СҲĹ⾰ʹ֮ޣӶ߿ˡ
ܳȥǩԼһԳʽ׼ĴôһʵҲѪۼˡ
ЩѪסֹѪ
ˣҽɱպŶԸӸոտôһӵġӵ⹫Ŵܳɡ
ǸСӣϽһ
С⣬Ҽˡ
ƤˣֹסѪ˾У涼ҪͻͳˡвմˮСܳһ߽ţһ߿˿ǸʵϰСʿ
ΪĿңƵãʵǵЩ
ⶼЩСƨҳǵĹ͡
û£ӵүү̼һòɡ
ܳɾЦ˵С⣬⴦Ȼ˷磬˷Ⱦͺá
ˣûĻͺúϢɣ庢ӡ
ô˿ҲûҪֹʹҩɶģʱԳ⣬Сķʵʹǿܾ˵񾭣ȥҺúһܳ˴С
һ˵Ҫңүү⹫Ǻܻ
С⻹ңҽԺҲ̫İɣ
ⲻҪǮôӸĸʼֹȻοԼĺӣ±ҽԺƵġ
ܳһЦû߳˲
˼ܡ飬鷳һˣǼʵڣʵû취ˡ
ǿĻʦǶһͨһСģˣӭܳɡ
ܳŵ֪СȻǶסԺҲ󣬰ƲʿҵģԺͱסԺĸλϣϰĸ¡
ְѾݽȥˣźһ̫̫ǣȥһ˽ҽԺ˵ǹƶȵҽԺԤԼˣûмҲסԺн50wϡ
ܳС߶꣬ЦЦˣܣҲȥúϢɡ
ϢˣƼһѷյ̫ǣҲʱлָͷ֫ġСҲʼȻϿ֣¥ֳȥ
СıӰܳɾãƵҽƻһֱˣƵҽþ
ȵųӵʱҪ˵ɵ˾͸ɣɲ˾ͱɵĻǾͶˡ

һ־һġҹꡱʹ˽˺ϷָܳϽ˲пձ˫ۡ
ֻǣܳɻ˯ʱ̣ܳɵסԺֻһ
޴˽˵绰ܣҪ鷳ȥһˡ
иͬ±ˮָˡ
ܳԣ͵һ顣
޸磬ô£˭
ڿƵܣȥƼＱ˵Ǳһ·ûˣ120ֻʣһ˵ҽԺڲ
˵طû⣿ܳ˫뵽Ь棬ֶûüͳ˳ȥ
Ƿֵüʱֻеָûظơ޽ͣ˵ǹǿƵ⡣

ȵܳɸϵʱѾǻæһˣƵܰæƵܽæ
סԺȺ棬ߺһҲȺŭϵطϢ
Ҫ浽ףȺǮҲðȥΣ
ҽԺһٳ˵ͣҵһӦMLGBǷ˭ģ
ҽ˸Ȩûˣ
֧֡
̰ڣûûҹв˳죬ǿС
һǰĴǻ治ҽβˣȥ˾ˣҴΰ¡
ûֵ֪Ŀǰô£
ǿƵֵǼǵüʱ˵˵
ܳɿЩϢûأֻǴһ绰ԸϾи˽æ
ǹǿƵǺڿƵͬ£ҪҪһ¹ǿƵĽ
Ѿ绰ˣʦһҸͰɣ
ã룬ֲָɣ̽Ѿ·ˡܳһߴ·ףһ˵
⻰ǺƵܣڴϣһµ
֮ԹǿƵĽǶ˽˱飬̽ڿҽԺڵһ棬Ϊ࿿Ÿ֧ȥĴˡ
ɣ
ܣڴ绰𣿡ƵǸӣһû飬˿ɫŵð׶¡
ܳ룬˵ǸŲ̽ڵģӦȴ̽ڵĵ绰Ȼ̽ˣٿҪҪ붡ڹô
ʦôƺҽܳɡ
ܳôһҽܣƵһ£ƵǾʶˡ
ԸϽ˵ɿɣǻʲôڰҸ㽲λǿƵܿˣϴζ绰ܹæء
ֻûʱ䣬ܵסԺҲǲеˡ
ܣɿڿϵͳô˼ȥ˽⣬һЩǲ⴫ģԲ֪ܳɵʲôţ
ɿɣͰϢɡƵ˰οš
ܳҲ˵ϻŻмڣǰæһ˶֮ܳɲſٵش·´˫޾ס
ϾҲ٣һҲЩŵҲܿϴֺϵ̨
ɿɵı鶼޾סʵµһĽֻЩ΢΢
Ȼ֮ǰ飬ŵ˲СӰ
ƵȻڵοţȻ̧ͷԽ޾ܳɣܣɿӦûɣ
ֲָĹָܻѻָǰ״̬
ʱҲֻܾ£ɿͬ£ˣܳɲû˵һЩϻֱӰʵĶ˵˳
Ҫ˵İգҪǰʲôİգûһҽܹУ˵ԼеģǾԾǽƭӣϢӡ
ܳһɿŵùǺһ


ʮ ǿԹݣ
ܣ㲻ڿЦɣƵҲ㶣ϣܳɲҪˡ
֮ͬ䣬ܳʵˣȴϣΪͬУһ֪⣬Ͷ̫ҪָӰغܶࡣ
ǹǿһᾡġֻܳ˵
ܿ죬ܳϾ˾ǰ׼ȻϽ̨
ֲָܳɲǵһˣ֮ǰ͸ĸ簲Ҳ״̬Ҳûȫָǰ״̬Ҳܵ˹ӵĲΣԣƺ仹ֲӡ
Ǽõ״̬ˡ
ĿǰѪѾֹѪʱֹסܳɱ㿪ڵѲʦ࿪ˮ׼ϡϵ⡣Ҫϸϴ
׵ĳϴڴ֮УΪҪ
Щ裬ǼǷ켫Ҫʡԣǹؾصذÿһ¡
ȼ¶ȼǽ죬ǽãںõƷ֮ϣٽ֮¡
õģܡѲػʿǳϡ
Ժܻ֮ͬһЩŴҵĻһѲأеʿΪ̶ȵذæɿϢ
ǸоȻʼɿɸԽ
ܳɱ㰲οҽҪرţϢһ£˯һáһָģôţǸѹ
Ϣһ£̬ʣµؽҡ𣿡
ллҽɿɻӦǽ֮ɫδˣƵ󣬱㿪ʼɿ
˵˵ţ˵ܳǸ˧顣
㻹˵ҽѧеŮӣҲѰŮɿɺܿȤʼҪƬ
ƵܾҵܳɵְƬ̸̸ţ˾ͰԵܳûŮѵ顣
˵ЩЦ绨
ܳɺͶϾ˶ǾͷƤ΢е飬Ůʵе㿴
MMPģ˧ܹа𣿱ҩＰҩﻹܹã
ܳЦŻأˣȻ϶ܽһ¡
ûŮѣɿɲ᲻ðܸˣڲˣҶԼ̸̸ˡƵЦһȻѹɿ
֣Ҳá
ܳȻ죬ż죬ʱϾ˽нѧȴûǲ̣һһɴ
д󣬷ԸѲذ΢Ƶе
ȻͨеҲܷϣе֮ȺùߣҴָĹߣҪ빤ߣ˫ֱȥ顣
̶Ҳ̨ܿԣɵؽȥЩʧ
ؿһУ̶һָоǾԼһˣֻǴոһڼˣɿɰģʵûȫҪ
ò̶΢е㸴ӡ
̶ֺ̬ܿƽMDܳǰĪ˵ֻǸˣܳڿ˵β˵ģ֡٣˭˵ԼΣ
ܳ˵˭ҳٰˣ
ϴѧҽԺƵЦǰ
ϴ֮󣬿ٵҲ£̨ϡ
һ˵ؿڣԲģ㣬ڵļҲˡ
̶ڸܳȨ
⻰ʵǶɿ˵ģܳɵļֹ
Ҫô˵ȻĻԼԼ棬Ҳ̫ʡ
ֻǣڲ̶˲֮Ҳ֪˭ִ˵绰ɿɵݣɿɵʦƷҲҰæͥҵڣҲˡ
ٹһϴѧҽԺĵҲ˰æ
ɿɵʦǼȷ
ͥҵƵĴУ˵ʡƵλ
æģʱϴ֣Ҫ·ʹףתͷһɨ˳ͥҵھ̨ţų̂
ưѵڿŵˡ
ϴѧҽԺǿƵۺʵϴѧҽԺڲ֮䣬˵ǹؽƸãԴΡ
Ҫǵ֪Լͥҵ΢ǷôһĻ
·ˣ߽ȥ½ڣΪأҪ֪ңͲù˰
ͥҵʡҽѧǿƷֻᣬѧ鳤ڵִţߣǸ鳤ʵƴģͥҵ鳤ʱԼͶһƱͥҵҲΪ鳤ͶһƱ
ôһĲࡣ
ͥҵȽϼУǲ̵ģŵϵ̲ζܵüͷһ壬ܿչ
˵˽ҹ֮Уܹһˡ̨ϵСܡСܼȻѾλҾͲȥˡ
оսɶ˧
˲ȻС֣ܵƣرϴѧҽԺƣͦġ
Լѧκ꣬ܳϡ
ȥ̨κ֮󣬵Լûá
ԭˣ˰ͷȻ
ŵͥҵ˶ǰһ£ҿʼ໥߽˫۵һڹ̶ʽôģ
Ӧþȡ΢ڹ̶˼·ɣ˼ά氡ʡȴ˿ĳ̶ڣֱӴӶ϶йǶ˵ĽӴ
СܵĶֲָǹ辶½ڽ̵á
ͥҵæ˵˽ڣСܿûʦӹҰɱɱˡ
ͥҵֱԣõĻҭסҲǿһ£ͥҵʵͥҵʵҪܳΡ
kesslerϷϼ죬Ѫ񾭴ϵַúѽϧ̨ˣҪúһ£ƿأôġ
˽ڣӦҲ֪ʱƿ⣬жظ̽˷ʱˡ
ͥҵҲͷʱڷʱǰõ㣬˷ʱԼʱ䣬СҲ㣬ֱܹҵƵģɡ
´ƿȻʱһС£
԰ҲףܳɲרƵģҪλᣬÿܳɵʱ䰲š
пŵݣ൱רҵרƽԣ̸֮ݣǶ֣ҲеһŰ⣡
רר֮Ĳ죬Ҳ൱ģһƵĽڣȫöλƽ̸ľϸڣⲻˡ
Ҳһͳͥҵڶ䶼ǴƳȻȥƣҲ϶һָʱˡ
ԣ־΢˿˾룬רҵӽרҵˡ
;öӶˣҿɣλƵĽ˵Ա׷˵ã־ˡ
ͬʱĳͥҵ͵ļ򣺡λڣȻȥϢˣ컹ϰࡣ
úúãͳͥҵ۵ûȣڷܳڷѪʱַ봫ͳַһЧֱ֮ǰ״̬õ£ܷӵóġ
ĹܶʵǴƵΰ
˵˼־ʹˣڼַ״̬ĺð½㿴
ָ񾭣СܴúܾĤ
ţɽ⣬ٿԼε׵ʹƵʣ׵ʹüҲԼ٣Ҳܲ
˵Ľ۵⣬ʵ̫רҵ
̸ֱδͣ¡
ʱʵѾ㣬ϼһȴû˯⣬ϸ˵ǽһģζ
ɿɱƿ޾ʱͿͲˣæлллλʦˣˣ
ҲΪԼ⼸λϽģ԰Ĳ١
СлŶȫ̵ҽġϹͷɲ̨ңлԷǡͥҵһЦͣһΪԼҽԺԱҵԧס
ɿɾһ£ʦ⣿ų̂
ǳͥҵֲָӮ˼ˣҲ򲻹̨лͥҵɿɻɣϽΪܳɶ
ɿԣɫһæ߹ܳɣĿЩҡ
ⲻǸסԺ
ͥҵҽԺϽˡ
ʦʦôˣ̨ô˳ؽܳǴӲ̶ĶݣҲϽк
ЦЦ̾һСܣĿ׻̫ǫˣúãѾĿˡ
ҲֱӾֲˣǫɲǾ֮簡˰û͵㡣
½ڣ˵Բ
ͥҵͷǸõеźãòǰ;㲻ǹǿһˣҰҵλøˡ
̶ԣ²ؼģϽˣ½ڣ϶ǹҺȾûãѧȾˣҵĴϣȾơ
̶С۾һ˵Ļ̡
˲̶Ļͥҵæ˫ֱȭ̽ڣ´Σ´˵ɣʱҲˣҺ͵˽ȥϢˡ
̶ҲǸϽͷ߰ɣȥϢɣҹˡ
һļϵؾ͸Ͻߥ޶ȥǸؼɵ̶
ҵ˭²̶ƣ˿ʶȴ˼ѣ˶˵İԣ֪Ͻǵĳģ
񣬱̶ظƻһλڣŻڼ֣˭ٺȾƣ
ܳɿ˲̶һ̶ۣ۾
̽ڣҽллˣҳԺԺһлǵıࡣɿɰѴĻУЩµظϽʾԼǸˣԼҪͻزȥ


ʮ ؼҵĵһ죡
Сܣ˰ɣȥϢһ°ɡߵסԺġɿ뿪󣬲̶Щ۵ܳɼ
õģʦһȥһܳɾҲеŲססԺĵһ찡
ʵɿ飬Ҳ۵ӣû취ɿҲסԺеһԱˣԼõ࣬ǾԲģ
̶ܳҸҷʱƺǿſڣһΧһƺ˹¸ɿɵǸ
ɿɴ˿̵ļԼʦѾȫˡ
ɿֻܱܲס˵
еĵǸᱻԭ£˵ŭţҶˣ㵽׻ҪôҼסԺż
ҽҪҰ
ǸõĻôҲûдڵıҪˡ
˵ָ˲УҲѲƤ
סԺȺڳ˾Ц֮ɿҲȱ߷õˣ˵飬ڹڲֹһη
ϢˣһΣÿ˭
ɿɵļܹôڰæϴѧҽԺҽԺҲ֮
ܳһֱУҡҡͷ
̶ȴܳɼ򣺡£ǺѣʲôʱȱԼǵһλûϵ㵱ҽڣ
ô飬Ҳ֪ɽڲûգʵڲУȥоԷҲǳԷûбҪΪ˱˵Լϡ
˵һ䲻Ӧҽ˵ĻֻԸƽƽҲϣΪʿǱС
ܵΣҪܣǾͬ־ġ
˶֣ùľֱֻҪȶ֡ȥζȥסICUáǰûһԲЩ
ܳתͷ̶
̶Ŀ΢΢ƺ˵ٻ
һȥҪȥסICUãTM˼ʵ
ôأ
ʦػܵġܳЦЦء
ҽ쿴㣬ֵʱû˻棬Ĳˣÿһϸڣעá
һסԺֵʱһѵģҲǽҽԺǹǿҽﶪõʯ࣬ȥѧʱеһЩ͵еѧоǿԵġ̶ٴθܳɽŵ
ְܳЩȻ
ʲôְѧϰģ̶ܳ͡һۣܳɵ˵ǡ
õģҼסˡɿɵҲܳɺܽš
ٴǧǧһӵɵƣͻԼ۽ȥ
˽ĽǶȶԣȷԼҪģֻܳԸԼסԺʱ䣬ǧҪˣ
ܳɰԼ·һţ˿һסԺҽʦֵҵţȻûܳɱѰ˼úúõظһ°ȫˡ
ҹʱֵҵţǲ㱻˺ͼ򿪵ġ
סԺҽʦֵʱ£ˣҲεģҽԺҲð죬ʲôû֪ġ
£űӣһδϢһʱ򣬻һϢûú˯
ܳɷȥһͷı飬Ȼ˯ȥ
Ҳû˯ãӾܳɸϽϴˢһԼˮڴڵغȱˮۿûʱˣֱֵҶȥ
źԱһʼֻ͡
סԺֵ㣬ûԷ͵ԼԼˡ
֮ϣֵҽʦֵĻʿԽ֮ΪεĶ־ͺڽǿˡ
ϣԺַһʮֶӵҽ¼ܺ߾ҽԺıԺְǺڿƵһλܡ
ǿסԺϣҶΪ䣡¶๵ͨ¶ϱ벡˺ͼ̸Σڷл֮ǰ
ҿɲϣӵȫҹĵ绰ϣλܹһ㡣
ӽ쿪ʼҪ½½ؿʼˣסԺ˶ֵ࣬ҽԼλܴҽһҪʱӡ
Ǻ࣬һסԺĲˣһˣȲˣŵһʱסԺҲһ㡣
Ҫѹϵ뵽벡˵ճ֮ͨУԼ˵ģϱסԺסԺ˵ģƽԵķֹ밲ȫ졣
ȫΪأҵİȫ֮أ˵š
ʿʲô𣿡ʿĴܼҡ
ʿ˵ΣѰ˼ţǿңǲǻƸһŵıһ̶ϿԱ˵˻
뱣飬ʱˡȻһ̶ȵػⲻٵ鷳Ҳһҽס
Ҫ벡˼һ㲡ڵĹأ̽ʱ㵽ŵ㣬ģͱˡôˣԼļϢ˻ҪϢ
߸СʱѾˣûǵ˵㣬ʵã˽ģҲҪ鿼ǡ
⣬һҪ˽㻤ǿҵģǵȥġûӪҵ㻤ŵȨ
㻤ļ۸⣬ҽԺͳһЭ涨ģ࣬Ҳ٣ϣ˺ͼҪ⡣ⲻҽԺĵ⣬ǻҽϵͳûд󷽵ÿԺĲ˶ലĵز
⣬ҽϣϣλܴҽԼĽڣһҪ֮
׼ҩҩҩǳҩָһҪⲻҹ涨ģǹҽίԱ涨ģҽԺǲ⣬ڼ
סԺܣŽ̲ĵģֱӷͻоס죬ûʲôģԸ⵽ҽԺ࣬Ըеģֱѧоˣôɽ
ڸܳɳųӣܳɾ˼ܴҽҽζˡ
ǳ֮ƣһʱһ̣Ҫ淶ȻܳѾǿͷҪúùصģһš
ˣ
Сܣһ£Һ顣־ֱӰܳɸˡ
Ҳ̶Ʒ˸Դ鷿ȥˡ
飬鷿Բض
Ρΰ칫ңܳɱ
ѾڿϰˣҽԺְͽְػҪеģٲ֮ǰôɢ
ΪڵΣҪͿġ
ֲδܳɵ˵ǣǺＨЧ顣յмְƣڿõļЧ1.2
㲻ͬļЧ䣬ǰ1.6õġ1.82.2Ҫôһ㣬ɱڵ˷ìܲźá
ҲǶԸںͽڵһ־ˡ֮飬Ҫ׵ġ
ȻܳԺ˵ڿĺг
⣬һʵ⣬ܳɲδҲûȫľΣȫİšǰôģԺͻô
ţá
ʣµ0.4Լ˽ﲹ㣬˽ǹǹأԽءȻڵʵԿһֲá
ܿһֲ֣еĲֶ㣬ȫЧû˸ҷƨҽԺ˭бΪ˷˭Ǯ
ҴȸһǲĲְ
ܳ۵ģʵ⡣
˽ܳɲɫŹֵشΰ칫߳ԣܳɻֻȥΣһǾãҾÿмְƵƽЧɡ
Ȼ󣬶ܰ˵һڵʦܵʱ򶼸һЩ֣͸мˣ
һǵȼ۽ġ
ܳɿԴĲ̫࣬һҪܶٴ⣬ٴҪԴԴƿ˽ڵ
һЩܴˣԼˣԼ˵ģʹˡ
ֻܳסԺƽԼղˣ̫ˣ޷ּУٴ⣡
֮ǰѧʱнϣûյģڹˣԼҪʼ˼һЩƵˡ
̶ʦǲ̶ҲԼѴҪԼԼѧð̶վȽŸҪԼ˽Сʦš
Ҳһֳͻ
УȻģǿ϶ǻϺģǧעˣΪϡţһЩϸ⣬ر͸ģҡ
ҽԺＸʮ꣬ôྭ顣Цܳɵļ
ִܹܳǰ棬ųߣǺ£Ҳڿĺг
ллΣûʲô飬ҾȥæˡҲæգҾͲˡܳɰȫ
̾һ˵ʵҸϲǰѧʱӣóɳġпգһʱסԺǺúġ
ֻ˵һ룬̶ʵǴܳɵģֻܳɵĺȣҲ̶ûվȽŸ
ʱܳʣ֮󣬶Ҫܳµģɲܳôĥˡ
ʦͽ֮ûþȫ󵽣ҲҪиأ
ллڡҾȥһ½ѧˡ
ʵϰнѧ鷿Ҫȥʲ̽ںڣʲôʱȽУܲܰҵæܳҽĴܼҡ
ܵعܽѧܲʵϰĴ̣סԺȫ
̲鷿ǽѧҽԺ飬񲿻ġ
ɣ£ףҷġЦŰܳͳΰ칫ҡ


ʮ ҸǸڣ
ιʦãܳɣԣǹǿƵʵϰܡܳɳ˰칫Һ󣬽ӵٴѧԺĵ绰
ϴѧҽѧԺлҽѧԺһٴѧԺڶٴѧԺٴѧԺ
ϴѧҽԺǵһٴѧԺƵ󣬻ѡͬٴѧԺʦǵһٴѧԺƵĸˡ𱾿ʵϰת
ܳԼûرԼڹǿƵĶλҲٽں󣬲֪ڹǿƶԼΪӣԼֱΪʵϰܡ
ؽƵһλڣסܡ
ⲻаʦǴƵʵϰѾʮˣӲˣǹǿܹʵϰʮλԲͬĴѧ
ԣϴѧҲС
˼ʦʵϰתǺӵģΪʵϰܳæǸ
ҽʦڼ䣬дҪɵһٴѧԺĽУһƱӽڵʱ䣡
ǽѧְƣ븱ҽʦǲһģܳҪ飬ͱҪ
ԶԶԣһȥǿƵĽģڲԲ̲鷿ÿ¼ܳɸæ֤
Ҷϵ绰֮ܳЩ۵ġ
ȻҽԺΪԼãһʱôൣӣȷеġ
ɹ֮ʲô׵Ĺǵȥš
ĿǰϴѧҽԺܹ
ơơǲơؽơ˶ҽѧסԺܳڣǴƵܡ
ԣܳɻҪϵһ£Ҫѽڴʵϰ̲鷿ź͹滮
ܳɲûֱӴٽڵĵ绰ͨ˹ǿڲְĴȺѼλܵ΢ҵˣձһСȺ
Ⱥ֮󣬶Ͼ˽ɸ磬ųˣ㿴ҪҪʵһ£
ϴѧҽԺǷյġ
һǶڵաǲ̶գܶ壬Ʒڵա
̶Ĳ٣һֻһգҪһеĲ
߼ͨС
Ǳ̵飬ǽɰ飬Ҫȷõģܳɽӹһ
֮ǰ鷿ʱڵĲѾˣжƷڷֹĲˣǴġ
û⣬ͰŰɣϾˣЩ飬Ǹŵġܳɰűֻ˶Ͼ
鷿ʱ򣬾Ѿ˵ˣܳҪ˲ʽʽŷø֪ȵȡ
ϾרҵͲʿǸסԺԻЭܳЩ
ɸ磬ҸġֵܣҲءϾܳһĿ⣬Ƿ
Ҫ˵ļһ̨ȥʦܽһǹܴҽýغ󵽣û취顣
ȻסԺģѧϰᣬﻹҪͳﰲһµģҵʱһİ࣬˲Ը˵ҵס಻Ը
ʱֱӴ绰ܳɱȽĵϾ͡
У֪ˣɸ磬æϾҲ֪ܳæúܡ
Ͼ뿪֮ܳɲٴȺ淢ϢллҴ֯пռλֵһһ¡
λ˭ǶƵôһλƽˣˡ
ܳſԼûıעԱţƽ磬ǹǶƵܳɣεסԺԺλա
@ǿһƽƽ磬λǰ߮ȥѪƵĴ񣬾ո⻰ֵıˡ
@ӣСܺȲ֣ݼ񣬴ԽСҲԽСȣʵڲУСҲСһλעΪǿĲȲֵˣǳȺ˿
ǿҵĴҵĴҸոβ鷿Σ˴Һѣ͸Ͻˣû취˵
Ҵΰ£ֱץ
Ϣû꣬ҶǱץֻУϢæ˳ȥˡ
ǿƶܳɡܳҲԼıעȺظˡ
硢ָ硢ƽ硢׸磬ģҸոյ˵һٴѧԺĽƵϢһܣڣǹǿѧ鷿¼
ҸϽһǧ˰ܳɻһһһ¡
Բۣô鵽ˣҶаûдˡ@ǿƶܳɣллԺƵļ飬Ⱥ˻һǿ岡һ
ѧưеõǿѧ֯ѧ˰ƽȺ濪ʼ²
ǹǿƵʵϰӦþ˰ɣԺ飬һҪհ
һǽСܰɡܳɿһ
ܹסӵģֻǴ񣬴Ҫˡ
ǿƶܳɣ绰ˣλֵܻؼ
ˣ
ǿһƽһϢ
ˣ

ܳߣ˼ĵ绰ȻڿȺϢ
ܳɽ֮ͨ󣬾ϰѿͷһһƣߡ
·ϣһסܹʣʦһôûţҽҪǰ뿪ҩЩѾͲ˽Ӻˡ
ãʲô£ܳȵͷӦ
ҸҽԺ￴ˣȥһסɫܺãҲЩʧ䡣
Ҫæģҵ绰΢ţȥæġ˿ҲҪܳɺ⣬Ҵ˵ҪȥлȻ绰˵
ܳһݷߣȻָϾһϢȥϾһƷĲҽҪģһ£˸١
Ȼϵһ£ҪҩĲæ
Ƶס࣬ûʦֵܣǻҪչһ¡
ܳɷȥǶϾعȴϢõģɸ硣ѾźˣѾȥϵˡ
ллֻ࣡ܳܲǽǽһİš
סԺҽʦ٣һסԺһסܣס죬ⶼҽԺĹأ
ܿ죬ֿܳסԺȺ棬ҵסԺһһӦˣܳŷ
ȻǹǿƵʵϰܣÿרʵϰĴѧ鷿ȴǿڲŵģסԺҪ֪ͨλҲȥûѧ鷿
ֻҪѧ鷿ǼǱϢͼ¼ɡ
Ҫİŵġ
˼ƣһȥܳɾ֪鷳лᲹˡ
ƵΪŽٰ
ٰ֮Ϊ120ҽѾһΰˡƵҽ뼱ƵŽӡ
ǰжϵĶ֫ѵ֫Ѿ浽
Ƶ绰ûУָһǵĿҵ񰡣ܳæʣ
ϻǰ죬ʵǹǿһȥ֫Ͷָġ
ɿɣΪǱԺְ绰ܳҲòᡣ
ܣҸһƵܴ绰ˣ˵֫ڹǶƵҵǰǹǶƵҵԹһƲ˳ȥ
ֵ࣬֫ǸҪǶָֺľϸλ
֮ǰȷôֵġƵһк˽š
𣿺ãܳǰôֵģͷˡ
Ǽﻹƽ֮ͬ䣬ҵ׳⣬ܳɿɲϣһƵĽΪǵĲԴ
㼱Ƶ˶ôˣܳɵȻҪ绰һ¶ֵġ
ܳȥ벡˵ļʼ˶˰ʲô˰
˵һλŮӦǻеˣݲݰ˶϶ˣֹѪĿǰ͵ĻֹѪѾֹסֻж϶Ѫ
񼫲ųơƼƵȽˣʱ׼ҽм
СʱҽԺû˸հš
ҽһҪսȥҸҽԺĸڣҵȻҪģֻҪһŴͺá˵һλʮĺӡ
ҪôǸϱģҪôǸϱģô˵һϱ͸Ͻ˹ȥ
ҽţǶӿٶȰǮⶼ⣬ңϾȥǮǿǮҪҪǧҪŰָκáס˸ŮĽ֣֮ɫ
Ƶҽͽͣ磬ⲻǮ⣬Ϊȫ룬ǿɲϣзҪ⣬ǿɾ鷳ˡ
ȻûλˣǽΪءҽԺ⡢Ƶҽ򵥵֮о𣿡
Ķ֫ˣΪȷȷǳ֮һһ㲻CT˷ʱ䡣
ǣΪˣͿһЩǱڵ޷֡
˶νѵҲҴˡ
ܳҲ˹ȥλ磬ȱżŵĲ飬Ѿٴκ˲ˣһ£Ҫǩ֡
һдȨص˵Ȼֱǩ֣ʡʱ䣬㿴ɺá
λ绹ڴ绰ģܳһ
ҽǩֵ⣬ϾǩҸҸ绰ҽԺĸڣҲǹǿƵģҺҰͲͺˣ𣿡˴һΣûӡ
ȻûᣬȻһ£ǹǿƵ긱ڣʶİɣø磬϶Ըġ
꺺⻰ܳһ㶡
ܳ뵽ԷȻǹǿһ긱ڵݣٽһһ˵ļסԺġ
ĿǰǹǿƶҲǴƵסԺľǶֲ֫һ飬ȷҪ̨ǿҪǿҵĸ𣿡
ĻǩȷãҾ͸ϵˡ
Ǻӻ֣İɣԼҽңͲùˣллˣֵܣ
ģڶϵҿԼ绰Լǩ֣
Ҳ֪㲻ס⺺ƺϤҽԺḶ́ǩֵݶרҵ
˼ܾסԺҽʦҽƣǿҪ󸱽ڽƣһкԸ
뻼߹ϵޣӴ󷽷ддָ֣ܳ㣬飬Ӧòֹǵһ
ֱܳһգ֮󣬾͸ϽϵҵļˣȻٽ˼Ƶĵԣϡ
һǼ֪ͬ飬ʹ֪ͨ飬ǼﲡԺ֪飬ǲ˼Ȩί飬˶󷽷ǩ֮󡭡
һﲡˣ֫֫ģܳɾ͸Ͻüưȥ˼ͨͬʱøĵ绰Ҳǽͨˡ


ٰʮ ʱΣ
ø磬˼ΪϱˣһǹǿƵĲ֣ʵǲ鷳øġܿؽš
үүˣȱżүүҲû˵رҲûףϱô£ˣô˵ģ绰棬ҲΪС
ǻеˣСòڹϰСıеֱ֡жˣⱣգҲԺϵˣȽǮֻȥ˺üҽԺԸգҾϴѧҽԺҲøˡ
ø磬һǰϴε˵ǽģֻǺֵסԺͼңȻǩˣҪԹһظ꽲ľ
ø磬ϴҲƣרҵȻԼӷЩǰɡ
ҪˡЦ˵š
ԣ΢΢ۣδڳһ˵ø磬ʵô°סԺǲһܵҽ
ԣͿǺܴ󣬻ЩݣȽ˧Ǹ̫׵Сᡣ
ԼøܳɵòôϽ׷ʣø磬ǿ治˼˹ҪȥרȥͳԷ
Ҳ治֪죬Ҳûһ졣
ǹϵõģе㲻̫˼ˡ
õ˴֮ûش׷ʣãͺãϽȥ˵һЩûһ̨鷳һ£ҲԹʵڲУͰѵ绰
ʲôˣʲô˵꣬͵õػ˵ܳѾڼƣѾǽȥ
ɺϵý
аɣȱ𼱣Ҫһ鰡ҽֲ֫ļҺãԣ
磬ҿ϶ڲƭ㣬Ҳ鷳ıúãʵҰֺүү绰ˣҿ϶ҪΪϱõҽ
ɣһʱͲɡ
֮ǰ˵ǣûãôˣȻǱȽȥҽЭ̣ûϵȥͺˡһ߽ţһ߹Ҷ˵绰
ȻĹУǴһƽĵ绰
ƽءһ£֪ǶεܣǸܳҽĵ绰΢ŲеĻ鷳һ¸ңе顣
Ŷˣƽ鷳һ£Ҫһȥϸ̨ԣֲ֫Һһ˵
УǵȻ˵ܿҶ˵绰žͼܳɵĺѣһԼݱע
Ѻܿͨˣͷˣܳų̂ģ򲻻׽ӵ绰һ߼ͣȥһߴ绰ܳ˵ҽãǹһƵꡣ
ãܳһ߽ӵ绰һ߷ԸϾǼӿһٶȣ˳Ѫ٣øϽֹѪֻʱб˼ѪܣѪͨ˳źá
֫˲䲻̫
˵꣬ܳ绰أ˼ڣң׼ֲ֫
⣬Сܣ㣬ҲΪ¡ģҽõ£˵һЩ̫ĻҴǸһͣλ֮ͣ󣬾ֱ˳ȥû
һ룬İťͬʱʼſڷť
绰ܳأڣûϵѾҽ͹ˣ϶õģֻϧûлܺѧϰ߻һΪź
СܣͱˣҴ绰һ֮롣
ܲܺ㻻һ̨˵ݣ˵
ԣǵģڽе̨͹һƵƽһҵϱȥҲԼ°ˡ
˲˵滰СļҪãҽ߲ҽףϣСԭõܵĲ֮ȥܺһһ£ˣһǳİš
ǣڣǩˣǿҪ󸱽ֻмְƣ
һʲô֢Ļ³ʲô©ܳɵǲԸ껻Ҫ֮ǰǩֵ̫ˡ
СܣòãյĵطȻһˣ̨дԼд¼ԼԺ绰ͣԼȫ졢ҽơֵ㱨ǰһԭ򡣡
ǳʲô⣬𣿡
֪ǩҪ󸱸ˣ鷳дԼĻûˡ𣿡̬ȣȽίġ
ңֲˣһǱߣҲԼȥǽͣ˵һȡǵͬ⣡
Сܣæ𣿡
ܳɲ˵һ仰ֱӽʮ䡣
ܳһͷһ󣬲ŵ˵ͷ˵ڣҲڹˣʲôưֻǾãѾң;飬ʵЩ̫ʡ
òã߰ѹؼĲˣȻ崴ʱܹæһ£Ȼڵ䣬ѧϰһ£Ȼٻصڵβ
ҲİţҶһ¡ܳѡһеķʽҲãˣҲ
崴ֹѪ۹̶Ҷֲ֫ľѪܡķˮƽĲûôҪؼ
ԼܳɣܳҲ֪ԼˮƽãòӣҲԼĿǰĲ˲𣬱Ͼܾ˵ġ
УС㿼ǵñȽȫǾˣȻСʱǣ;ʱ滻ˣҹ崴һǿҵƽ
ҺСӴˣ֮䣬ദʡЦ˵
ˣ԰һСǡ
ʵ֮õô֮ǰүүʱһסԺѪƵܣʱ䣬Ĵһ߽ңһ߿ʼ˵µİš
ܳɺ⣬꾹ȻЩ߰飿
λɣܰŵҽȥû취֣֮֫ԺѪƵΣȥǸ֡
ⲻϸ£ֳ¹ʣʱͱˣС˹ȥԺͬ࣬һҪǳעͽǧȥ
ҽԺƵˡ
ϴүүѪ˨û취ˣֻǩ֣ԼˡϾүүܳϸš
һ˵ţҲͳңȻҶ˵绰ܳϵش˸кʵҲܳѾ̨ϣǣ̨ܳ˸
硣
ڣϾ˲ͬĳƺ
ϾϵĸˣԿ˶ϤէԲ׽
ţˣȻһԷ
СܣǾô˵˰ȹȥˣȷܳɵ棬ȷ֮뿪ңԼϱڵ䣬ٵ̨ʼϸϸĵ
뿪󣬶Ͼʣɸ磬֮ǰǸ˵ҽԺĸڣ˵ľڰ
ţǵģոڻ˵ȻҹȥϣڵȻ崴ǲøҹȥȻǵϵ㣡ܳɽ
֪ˣɸ磡
˰ɣǳɸĽλʦȲϣǿ˫֣һһεشĽǵáϾô
ȻˣĶָһȺ̨¹񣬲̨֡
죬ڹܳȥԼƵĸڣҲˡ
ҿ϶ĺʦǶѧϰġսӴٴҲǴӶϾѧ˺ܶغͶҪעĵ㡣
ҽ˭˵ʦȲҵģ⻰˵С㰤򣡡ܳɵ˶ϾһۣȻʵʵؾͿʼ
ܣ
ˣĽܳƴǲھǴƵܣֲ֫ǴƵҵ񷶳롣
һûǿҪʲôȫˣܳҲٰף
ֻǣͬʱˣҪȫ֮£ܳҲֻǼӿ˲ٶȣͬʱҲǳȵر֤
֫֫ĲλֹжΣڶΣϸ࿿ں󷽣Ҷ϶˱Ƚ룬ԣܳҪǰڹؼѪܷϡ۹̶Щ
Ȼ崴
ܳɵٶȺܿģѰҺͷѪܣ۹̶ʮʱѾꡣ
ܳɴ̨ʱ߶ſʼ崴С֡
껹ΪܳǸӣǰˣ˵˰Сܡ
û£ڣҲҪȥһ¶ʯǱֻסԺҽʦˣڣ鷳ܹȥţܳ˲زźãܳ˵
۽ǳ鴤Ҳڳ飬ֻǱڵסˣܱ
ܳɲǿЦͣס˴޾·Ĳ
ɲܱˣ;һʱûңǻᱻ׷ģ
ܳɿɲ̨ģ
״˵֪ˡ͹ȥСܣٶȣеͰ
꿪ʼ·ȻߣȻȥ֮ܳǰ䣬ϴִ·֮󣬿̨ʱ˶ʯˡ
ʢ֮ʵѸڶܳɵ޲ڣҵ
ԼʱΡ


ٰʮһ ԣ
ʦ
ʦϾ˿ʼˡ
ţˣһȥԸҹȻ˳ʦִһݵҽԺסԺʱ߲ƽôš
Ͼһۣ˵ͷллʦ
ϴ̨֮ܳѾ˵ѪܷӣԽϸԾԽСö֮
ԼĪʮӹȥֱС벽˿ʼ
ѲػʿǹǿƵרƻʿѲغϴֻʿŵģɲ֤רƵˡ
񣬱һ䣺ڣҪʲô𣿡
ȻʶͣڴˡϴѧҽԺǧԱûκܹȫʶˣԺ¿ƵҲɣ
תŽӲĲӣѲأҡͷöˣҾȿͺáȶţҺѧһѪܴ񾭴̫ɼѹ
ôţѾ˾κˣ
İѳͥҵڵĻ˽ȥϴѧҽԺµκ긱ڣͬ֮ǰֳЦ
˶ܳ޲ڣҲܳɵһ£Ȼ͡
ôһܳ˱ֹѪ֮ԼȻҽӵˣ
겢ɶУ֪ܳƵĹ΢жôϵѪܣδ˼жôĹ
Լ֣һƬôһ覴ãԼϣġ
ԣ겢δٲ֣͵ȫܳɵϰߣɸϤܳϰߺ˼·ĶϾ̨һ
Լ˼·̥ڳͥҵڣͥҵڵ˼·вأܻøѰ죬֮ܳٻʱҪĶͽʱ䡣
˭õôõһֹ򣬾Ȼǳһʮϡ˭뵽ȻֻҽԺǿƵסԺأ
ЩҽԺѪƵĽڵĿˣ
ʱ߮ļ˳͵ϴѧҽԺһԺһƵĽڣȻҪڻߵĶȥ̨ǺεȲٵεأ
ǵģվڽڵĽǶȣڿ϶ҲΡ
һ̫߮ںˣǶеģһг˲أǺ׳صģ߮Ǹô죿
һˣֻܴһѸյ߮硭
ǣѪƵķչȷûôģĿǰļơﰲ߮ȥѪƵܣʵҲн⿪˼
ڲδ߮ȥ̨˵ʵ飬߮ԼҲʱǸֵķգֻǽڵʱܹһЩ
ʵҲĹͨǣڽһ䣬Ϊʲôˣֲǰѵ߮Ĳϡ
£ʱ߮ʱͥҵڣԹ̨֮ܳͬǲϣ治ȥ¶ˣ
PsǴˣǰеĳͥҵڲǽгǳͥҵСһʱЩǲˣϴѧһҽԺƵĳ½ǳͥҵλϤ֪Ѿ
˵ԼУˣһȥ֮󣬱ܳɺ˼䣬ȥ
ŶõģڣֱӺҾˣ΢һ¡Ѳػʿ΢еƣô˵ţд֮ɫ
ûػػ˾ͬѲ͵һʿԼͷϣûҪԼͨȻҲûȥϢҲ˳ʱֵ࣬ˡ
̨߽ʼѧ̬ĦܳģΪҪʲôĿģͶϾҲƲ⣬ӵߡ
ͬʱһ
ƽԼļƵо±ˣΪǰܳ˫ͬ裬ٵŤţڶ̶̵ʱͲ֪Ѷҵҷ
ڻָѪ֮ܳǿٵذѹ۹̶ˣõǴͳĿװãһ׼̶һ߻ʣƽ磬һ̶ָĻõĿɣ
ţƽûܳɻ
ܳɾЦЦûʹôȨ΢װá΢װڶֲ֫еӦãʵû̫Ŀ͹֧š
ԶͨĲʹãΪԷرƽϺ׷׺òãֻЧλ˵ļ긱ڣܳûҪ֦
һԼҪ긱ڵõϱԩͷʹԼѵڹ̶еԼɣǿɾԩˡ
ܳɴôͳʽС
ǾͺãҾµʱڵ˼·ܳɸƽôš
ܳ⻰λо˵һ䣬˭ǰ͵úү˰ɣ
⻰ֻ롣
ƽϵؿڵɸ磬뿪֮ǰóɸԱ㣬ֻãһжġ
û˵⻰ƽԼʶģΪⲡ˺ãĻܳɵġ
̶ʮӣֱӰָѪܶʲô
Ҫ긱ĻƻѪܲأ
ʵ࣬ϴѧҽԺűʦŴУҵҵʦΪҳͬţǾͲҵˡ
һаϣ˭˭ϣҶǸרҵѧˣûʲôĹԹңǻɣͬ
ҪùȵİֶΣʦͬˣȵǹͬʦүͬͬ⣬ʦүڣʦүһֹ
ܳԣƽһۣ˵ƽ磬ǵȻллڵΣȡΣŬá
ɸ磬ҲѧѧС¡
ƽ˵䣬ֵܳ࣬ɸ磬ôŻ࣬ǻܸϣѧϰˮĥǵȻһȥȱȣһߺȣһģ
ƽ֪ܳǳէصģԱѡ
ϴѧҽԺûκһʦͣѧϰĻģԼҪѧԼһȥѧ˵ȡ
ܳǰûн֪ĹأƽҲϣʱܳɳΪĵͣȻ˳ٰܳɿһȦ
ҽԺıְβˣȻǽѧз࣬ӳʱѧϰģ͵úţ
Ǿ㹦׹ˣοʼʱ򣬵ǿԷ࣬ĻԼȥȥԼȥƵҡ
ΪӹŶͣΪŶֹѭ
ãְָܳԼĽ֮ϡ
ܳɿԸܵõһֲ֫ͶֲָĶָУΪ˳һΡ
ƽƵסԺ¼ҽҲƵоĶϡ
ϣܳɿԲûѾȥǵλãֱӿʼС
Ȼʱǵ˼·ܳԼвͬҪ΢֮⣬ҪʱָЩʲô
ˮƽٶȣȶϾ̨ˣ
ܳԽԽ泩ȻǣһСʱʱ䲻ܳɾͰѶֲ֫ŪˣһЩδӡ
¿һȦѪܡ񾭡ͼ⣬Ѿϵòˣ˵ƽ磬ģ˰һùȥ
ƽѾʯˣһʱûӦܳںк
TMһСʱһֲ֫Ϊڷ·أ
Ǹƽһоƽһ£ƽŻع񣺡ɸãܺõģڿ϶⡣
ƽ磬ɸ˵Ҫ̨ȥˡǸоٴν͡
ƽϾɸ磬æˣ̨֮Ϲæ
ͯӣȻ㿴ûҹӪҵĿȣûеĻȥСƿ
ɸʲô
ܳѾ̨·ϣллƽ磬Ҳ̡
̺ã̶ãɸ磬ҵȻƤǱߣɱҰƽЦ
סԺ֮䣬ĦǲĵĹأʧȻҶÿ߾Чû
ͺñѪƵλܣŵҽţȥ֮ŷ˲֮ҪֳǶΣȻҲΡ
ƽָ̡ܳѾٵ߳ҡ
ԲһͬʣҪϣԵһͬʿ϶޷һСʱʱ˷ӵиõָ֫ܳţһҲ⡣
ȫѣֻ˵ȫ
ܳٻصҺ̨Կһȣ긱ϾˣڶϵļѪϸоȻȵĻֻǰѼˣδϡ
ܳɽϽƤ˵ҽýˣ˰Ǳߵ˰ɣ
˿ѧ֮ģѹûʱ䣬ҲûעһСʱʱǸһֲ̨֫ġ
ˣڣҪȹȥܳһߴ·һߴףϽأͬʱѲذϵ޾µӡ
ҽҿ϶ģҾȿôˣһ˵ţһҼʱһסˣ


ٰʮ վڣ
֫Ķֲ֫ʱһЩܳɻСʱʱ䣬µ̨
ٶȣȴҲüʶ֮ܳƽ˸пˡ
Ц˵СŮŮû˵̫ɣ
̨֮ǰͽӵԼõܵĵ绰˵õϱѾȫת˹ǿһĿǰ״̬ãҲ˵ҲֱӳԶˡ
ʱ̣ܶ۴ûʱʵ˷˼
֪ܳǺЦҿܳڵĳѾΪ߳ˣ˵˵Ҷÿ죡
һ˫أһһ⡣
ǿЦ
ƽȻûӦһ¡
ҵҪܳôô
긱һЦҽ˼ڵʱȷǲˣҽȻʦܸһȥԷҲͲ׵ȥˡ
סԺӣȻ̡
ãǾллˡܳɵͷδϴ£ôƽһҷȥˡ
ƽƺ̣ϡֻܳӹϣƽƼ̵Ŀʼޱ
죬ͷϸͨ죬ƽȴ֮Ƶģɸ磬ȥǿֵģ˳椵Ĺ¡
ܳһ߰ݣһ߿˿ʱ䣬Ѿ賿ʮˣưѾ˯ˣֲ졣
Ц˵ƽ磬ҾǺڿЦģҵΪֹһŮѣҲһңˡʲô͹¡
ƽûˣ˵Ǿǳ¹ʰ
ҲûС͹ˣҲʣƽҴˡҽʱһźء̬ܳҲǿʼſ
Ѿ£סԺڼ䣬ֵܿĻǾûζˡ
ƽܳɵļһ£Ҿͻ׶԰
ˣɸ硣ƽϽܳµݡ
ܳƽ˵ֿ˿סԺֻĻţڲϵͳ￴һƽ¼̾һ˵һƽ
ƽ磬ǿҵĻӦһЩɣ
ƵͨＫ٣һ㶼ѡ봴ƣƵļҲر࣡
ǻٺܶ࣬ɸ磬ƵܣˡǰҽԺסԺְƣʱöˣٽȴ˵סԺְƶȲãרƱרǵסԺ
ҪǰҲһЩɣƽҽԺ˻죬֪һЩٵ¡
ô˵ܳɷʣϣܹȡһЩѵ
Ҳʵ˶ҽѧİѹĲ˷˻ȥסԺͰѹؽ岡˸ˣ
ֲררҵҽ治һ͸¹ʣ¼ҽԺסԺ˵
ҽԺĲǳţԾֻܸͣô򷢵ƽﲡˣֻܴ򷢣ѾԺĲˣҪúõشġƽܳɿš
ܳһᣬȷҲˡ
ɽһרƣôϸĻִ֣ҽѧԽԽרԽԽоһУһţЭͬƵЧԽԽá
ǵҲǣƽ磬סԺ˶ˣܳʣϣܹ֪ԼʲôʱǸͷ
һˣʱû˽ӰĻֻܼš
ֻҪɸңƵǸɵʱ̫׾ˣԺĹ涨ҳɸѾмְƣ϶̫ãƽܳɽ͡ȴûĽ֮ɫ
ǿƵļٷ֮ʮ˴ƣֲ֫ҪܳɷֹȥټϻҲרƵѡ
ӳʱ䣬λʱڵĹ
һϣƽȡ
˺Ϳһ˼ƣʲô⣬ֱ۱ˣҲǼƵܷҪΪܳɣǲһǶеģҽԺĻʿ֪ϵҪҹǿƵרҽ
Ƶ˷ϣֻܰܳɺ˹ȥ
ܳɶˣҲֻܸɻ£ܲɵƾͶüƵܸ򷢡
ȻǵգΪסԺܳɣ϶Ҫҵģֻ˼ܳɿʱȥܼ
ʮڸϵֳӲԵĹ涨
ԣ̶鷿ٶȣɴ䡣
ڰ˵룬شڵˣµңҲšĹص͵
ƽǹΪܣԸѲػʿҪʲôеϵģȫʵʵذȨ˲̶
̶Ҳһ˳¿¾£ʼָ
Ĳ˶رӣΪǸϰ࣬Ҳţ̶ϻס֮ǰڰҽԺĹ̨̫ࡣ
ȻܳɵĲ£ƽʱȽѵڲ̶£һܳɵĶ£Ե÷ǳɴ䡣
ۻ̨չƬ֮󣬾ͿֱӴڹ̶ˣ崴Ļ͸ܳɣܳɵٶȷ𣬼ʮʱ䣬ܹһ̨

ʮ㣬ܳɱӰ̨ˣһ̨⽩Ӳɽ⣬ܳɾ˹ǲ̶໥
ҲҪýں͸еӺʹڸУԵúҪС
ʦڣҪȥһƽѾۻˣµȻܲꡣܳɾ̨ҪԹ
ȥɣû¡̶û
ܳɸӣ̶ˬÿԼͽܳͷӦõġ
СȥæɡɫЦ
ܳɱվԹ۵ʵϰҲԼǸѧ֡
϶µĸϡ
΢еĽȴҲҹĦϴ뿪Լͨ࿴飬۾飬ٴϱһģ֪Ĳ鷿ÿζǡôرܳסҪ
һֱֱƵġ
ܳķִ缫ã佱ҲǺܵλǴѹʣȴҲǷŵıӣôʡ
ܳ뿪ıӰ΢е㷢ԼҪ߮ʦ֣ѧ׶ξڿҫ飬ǲˡ
һֲ飬߮Ϊձҵİʦ֣ǰĿǰڶѧԼʦĿеżż˵ΪܳɱȥԸȥĿҡ
£Щڻȴ˷쳣
Ȼ򲻹ܳɵĻܲܺ߮ȥʵأ
˼ܶ
ʦոȥԷʱ򣬹ںͲ̽ڶ˵ءССĸӣ˫ȴЩ鶯ƺĿɫѣͷԹԵظܳ
˵ʲôܳתһ䡣
˵رǹڣ˵ǰóͥҵںϴѧҽԺĵڷվ̨棬Ƶ긱̨Ϸվˡ
һСʱڿʦ֮󣬶Ҷˣ
Ͼʦ֣Ҳô˵۾ﶼðˡ
Ӿľ飬ʵϰһУˬĻ߼ҽѧ֪ʶЩ˵ʲôĶصģԲCTɸCTģҽѧˣûʵԡ
ʵٴаԼʦ
ЩҥԣúԼȻһȥúʰһ¶Ͼûţʼ˵ˡܳɺ޺޵˵
ǣ˵ڶԸ˵绰лˡΪ簡˵ݵ֣˲֪Ǽ°
ʦֲ֫һ֮ڣͻָܳɣ粽룬Ҳڲ˼Ĵ߶ˡ
ֻ֪˵ʲôоأôǻָأʹ¡о˶ܣʱ仹ء
һʵøרҵ㣬ȤȥһЩͬĸоηֲġһϡܳɽһ
һʦоֲڼôҲ𣿡
Ȼаܳ˸ӣû˵
ֻԼҵȤĶи̵ļ
˵˵ţ˾˿ƣһε˿ƣͬʱܳɴˣ˿ƶҾ¥
˿棬˻ҪĴλ֮Ѿ˿ֵܳɣҲǸоһɺŨҵζ˱Ƕ
MD
ϺѹѹһƬ
ܳǰףȻתͷ˿üͷ΢壬õ˿Ѿסˡ
ܳɿ֮ٿ⼸λҲģֻƺ˵֢״ûôء
ܳɰɴ֮ϸ֮󣬱Բ˺ͼõģǵѾ˽ˣҵȻͻдϻ¼ҪУ
˼Ҳǲ˵ţǳͷ죺ϹѾߴˣûãǵ˵仰ֲǲҪ֫˲У
ˣһֱġ
ܳɵͷĳֶܹ͵һʱʱ϶á
ߴģܳע⵽ее㡣
ﰡҽſλԼȥǼſڵƷһָ
ҲûзܳΪʲôʶҽԺôˣԱԺܴһڿڲ˶вʶġ
ãҹȥܳɾú˼
˿ƣȻҴƣƵĲһĲ˶ûС
ͺ˼ˡ
ֵܳңҵֵҽ


ٰʮ ҵΧ֮
ֵҽһ߸ݵ꣬Ķ
֪ܳǹǿƵסԺ󣬸æأǹǿƵסԺҲ֪ʲôأҲġҪһ·ֹܵĹܴҽϼҽʦ
ֱϼҽʦõ㡣˼ܳ˿ƵϼǹǿƵϼ
Խȥϼǲò飬ܳȶֵҽлû׷ʣܳȻһͨ˶ֵĵ绰
ֽ첻գҲûţ˿õڵ㣡
Զڵ㣬̫ͬǴ￴̫ʹ˿㶬˿ƻʲôϣ
㣬µǡ
ֵҸɴࣺ㿴µϵ㣺񲢷֢Ǿǵ㣿
һ֣㶼ֻд֪Ϥǰϣ㣬˵绰ʾҿƽں󣬽ָʾƽڻЭΣл
ȻٰϷҡ
ܳԣΪԼˣǶû
ڣ㰡
㣬ʵʵĹǿƼ룬ôдô
һǳ˹°
֪ôдôҪһ£û㽻ǰɣʹ绰ȥŭˣҪȥһε鷳
ܳɾһ£סԺΪסԺеһʱ벻ڣڸ署Լæˣû
㳶ļǡ϶ǻûк㽻ȥϸһµʲô˵꣬͹Ҷ˵绰
ԼʦĿȻǣ֪ܳɵЩʲô
úøϸεܳɣҲֻ㬵ȥһ˿˵ϣȷԺϾ㣺񲢷֢
Ҷ£նֵĻдȥ
ѻд꣬ĿɿڴܳǼһ﷽ϣͬʱʼ绰ڣˣ˵϶㣬񲢷֢ʱ򣬶Էд㣬ûмӲ֢ʻ㡣
ҲǿǿҵĲϵͳѼһĳѧϰϣûĲˣ˾֡
ôãôҸոո绰ûҲˬ
ͬǰɣڡ
ܳɲҶ໰
ּ˵֪˿Ĳˣϣȥ˿ƵΣĿǰڣԼֲ֣κϵ񶼸Ҫ˹ȥ
㣬ҲҽԺҲûרŵƣȻ
ĿʲôЭΣȻ겻ܼȫԺǾģļܱܳҪöࡣ
תƴܳʵʵء
ƬɣٴθܳһǺݵġ
ˡֶôˣҲģܳĵĻûдԼĻ֮ǰͼƬ
㵽סԺȺ棬˿ƵסԺҵͼƬȥٴʺŸȻٷһöһȥ
Բ㡣һߴŵ绰һ߸ܳɷһ¼
ˣҶ˵绰ֻڹҶ֮ǰԶԶһǱϹˡ
ܳɿַ¼ȻϽӵȺݵͨ뿪˲¥ݴŸҴ¼
ҲǰشŰļ䡪
Ժ񵽵ǲ˿Ƶļ룿һİŮǳϸ
һٽڵɫƣԺ㣬Ҳ㡣˿ƸƲ˵ģûƵĻתǿ֫ⲻܹ
ȫ¶ûĵǹǿƵҵ񷶳룬ϴѧҽԺĹǿƣרŵĽֻ֣֫֫
һҪ˵ΣΣŮ˵ٴӡ֤ܳɶĲ²⣡
ûͽ㣿˵ľͽڣʲôҲǲ飬ض˹ȥ
ƵĽּ֫ת飡ǹǿƾʲôתƲˣ󺺣ʲô̬Ů˺ߺߣ
ڣҽԺҽԺҽʿƼʱûŮ֣֮УȥвĻ񹲺͹ܷлл
ڶ㣬Ҫƣרҵڴ˵ôͰָ𵽵ףҪùǿǶĵط
ҪôͲҪܣǹǿԼûԲҪκ⡣Ҳǿʲô֫
˿ƲڿƿңơǿƲοң֫ǿҲѾչ¯ˣҪ˵ǵĲǡ
˭˵ǿƿչ֫ˣ׽ڣ˵Ҫεģͬȵβ͵èըëˡ
Уǽ֫֫弰Ƥ˰ɣ
㣬ڣ㣬ǹǿƣǹǿơǵųԺ˵ʡ
ԺӦǿƣȻǹǿЭǿƣڶԳԺ˵
ûѡ񣬳Ժҵˣ˿ƴˣǿƾ;ԲĲǹǿƽĲ֣ôҲǻֱӸ𵽵׵ġ
ҪǹǿƵ֫ˮߣҲܹ
һ㣬ҪתתȥΪ鷳ԼƷǰɣҲǸƢˣĻ
ԺһηڣԼʲôƣԸָ𵽵ô
ԺӦ˿Ȼǿȥɽ֫ḭ̃ô˵ͨˣڵսˣԺʼ
ǿƾͲҪǰɣǿƣԺûﳳ˵ˡ
ǿƵȻҪڻǼ֡
ǣԺǹǿٽӵĻ绰ǿҵĻתô죿ٷʡ
˵˵ģ㣬˿Ƹ𵽵ףң˵
ٵϵذֻ¼ˣԺˣһ仰ˡǹǿԺԲκ˵κ㣬ǿƼˣ
¼Ҳͣˡ
ȻܳɲŲ꣬һߵĶ־Ͱ¼ˡ
Ȼܳɷһ̵¼
㷢һȥˣǸ͵ˡֹʱ䣬Ϣٸܳѡ
õģڣܳҲΰ
⻹һܣԺ˿ƵĽڳģֵá
֮ܳǰͼ˿ƵסԺڶԷͨˣҿش˸кð
ܺáܳҲ˸к˿ƵסԺҽʦ̷ֿŮ
ܣģͽתƵģǸεסԺԾʹ绰ѯǿƵĽڡ
ǽ˵㲻ǴƹܣתƵ飬ת˰
ܣҲ֪ǶסԺġܳò̷֪֪ٺڳܵ顣
ҶҶģܡϼҪǶǴˡ
˲ΪѴˣܸ磬ԺǶЭѹãĽڽʱۣǻýܵģ̷һ仰¶ԱҲ֪ܳɵĲס
֪úܣͺˣƵĽ̫֫ߣҽԺڹĩռȣ˦
ǿǿǱߵʲôôƲŻһסԺһµģŵذѲ˽˹ȥ
ھһĲתȥǿˣɧ
ҽԺпҶ֪ǿƲ㣬㲡˶˿ƴһѹĲˣ˵Ĳ˷סֻ·һǷֿƣһǾ֡
·һûôס
ܳϽ˵㵽ʱһҪԼ䰡Ҵ˵绰֮󣬶ֽҵĹҪ˹ȥԶдĻ˿ƵʦزҪȥ
ܳҲĲѣЩûҪ˵رֱס
Ҷ̷һ߻ţһܻ·ϣƿڴˡ

ܳɻǳԱˣɪɪţݵӣԵøӵ
߰ɣȥܻȻҪԺʱҽôġϾʦֻһγһͺá
ˣСдӦûɣ֪ʶãĲд򣬿϶ܹȽơ
˼ص˵ͷ
ţܳɾͨơ
ܳǰŸߣ֪顯ֵҽѾѵ绰ϼҽʦһ״һİѻϼ
˵ƽ磬ǿƵ̫˰ɣĻҲд
ΪԷƽ磬ȴһ仰õģ֪ˡ
ƽҲ͵绰ٸ֪ԼϵĽڣڣûȥǸסԺ̫ڽϼ˵绰һס
ڳԷûУڵˣɫпϡ
ڣɵýöˣ˵ǳԷˡ֮ǰ⽲ˣûн
ܳɣ˵ǸˡڿʼסԺ֮ǰͰеĲֶ˳
аɣû취ˣֻȥһԺˣóȥģóȥ̾һ˵


ٰʮ 䣡
ԺȪȪûԺ칫ҵ٣ȴڹǿΰ칫ҵ١
ԺһʶˣͬһСһˣڹʱйӴ˶Ȫӡ󣺡ڣ
ͬʱվȪ衣
ϴѧҽԺƣԺ͸Ժ¿ƻĸְܲŵˣǿڣؼҽԺǲͬġ
ϴѧҽԺţܹ׵ҵЩרƵĽھδأȪһεĺѡˣٵĹϵҲ
ô鷳ԺȪ
ȻߣȪָϽվ˵ԺԼͺˣԺصı
ҽԺĲͬղصĲ裬вͬǱ
ͨɽ裬ҪʧˡٵҲûᣬװ˲ҶһԱӸȪ
Ȼʣڣ쵽ˣһȥԷ
ԺҾ͹һ飬˵ҾߡȪǶʺ˵ģﻹҲ䷹
˼͸ΪҽԺ³Ƿݲĩʻ㱨ƶȶİɣ
ڣļԺ쵼һ۳ģרơƣҲ֪Ҷף
ûҩеȱÿһֲֵĩƷʽռȶߣίԱ͹ҶҪѼӦռԼԭ
ͺñȣĽ֫ĩƷʽ
Ҳñȣֵת
ѣҪ취ȥһζӱܺãͨݣռѴȻȥҽİ취
Ȫͷֵǰǲи˶Թӣʱ˭һף˭·һ
ȪϽ£˵ԼѴԺʵģҲ֪ǿĿǰ̫ڽˣкܶҪƵ˻ߣòתȥסԺơ
ȥICUȥطʵһ̶ϣ˷ҵҽԴģҲã棬ÿҵѹܴ󡣡
ԣԺһ¡
Ȫû˵꣬پȰѻ˹ȥǴιģϣǹǿֹٰǰɣ
ԼĿǰ˿Ʋֻӵѹ
ޱ飬ûвϲŭ
ȪĭһȦ׽ڣ֪֮ǰǿҵΣǺ͹ǿƷһЩᡣ
ררΣǹҵǻҪӦȪȻ˿ٰĲڿ
ƵĩƷʽӦʻᳬ꣬ȻᱻҽԺܶ쵼Լ̸
̸
ãڣҲ֪ѵÿĿڡҴҽԺӦˣȥ͹ǿƵȥ̸һذƵѹûкȪϻ
Ȫסˣ㵵ؿ٣Ժͬˣ
ٵͷţǰͲתƣȻͬ˵ģȥҶ˵һ
ڲǹ߿һȻû뷨˼ɣٷ
ллԺллԺΪѿȪû뵽һˣܵôס
پ˵ⶼҸģҽԺҪгһ飬ͬ۹ã飬Ҳñְ
ȥԺﳳܣΪ˿档
ܲ˿Ҫ֣֫Ĳ˾ͶǿƣǿһΪ˿ɨββ˵Ķ
൱Ǵ󲿷ֲ˶˿ƹһȦ
ڣٵԺλãҲǸͳ￼ǣǼ֮ǰ鲻ţҽԺŶǴõġ
ǣԺǾͶ˵˵ûˣӦþ֣ררΣȪֺð¶Цݡ

ܳɸմջ굹ڶˣӵ˲̶ĵ绰ȸϻؿңҪһڲ顣
ʦﻹʣһﻼߣҾ棬ܿͻ𣿡
ƣҲʮҵ𣿡ܳԼĿ
Ǽ£ܻҲûȥ
аɣ߸˵һ̶˵
ԺҲڿ𣿡ܳʡ
ְ֮ȻܳɲδԺֱӽӴǲ̶Ǹ߹Ϊܳɣ¿ְܿ﷢𣬶һ˵ģ
ţϽбȽϽ飬ںҲڸ·ϡ̶
ܳɺܿҶ˵绰Ȼһﻼߴ
ֻǼɵʹд˿ֹʹҩʹ֮ͿԲ֮ܳɾ͸ϵ˿
Ȼʹֵҽ֪ǲ̶͹˿ڡƷϵˣڿ
оס֮ϼۼҽ칫Žա
С°ɣ´ԷҪᡣܳ˵
ʦҪҪһѾʼʦˡ
ãллȥɡ
ܳЦЦ£ϴ֮󣬲ƿ˰칫ҵţ˽ȥ
棬Լ֡Ʒʲô
ܳĬĬһλҲ֪ʲô顣
ķӣãԭרŹҪһڽ㲡ֵ顣
һƶΣǹǿƻڳĲʱ˿ƷҪȥҽԺ̨ص飬뻹
ҽԺɲǸ˿ƺڿİɣ
Ժ˼֤ġ
зȨģǰǿĽˣһϴŶţǴֳһƵġ
;ôһ⣬ֽʮѪ׷ѵ˿ưѲ˹ȥٲӴҲѾ߰ȥͲˡ
ʱҪ˭ܽӰ
ƷѾȽϵһרˣ̶ﳣĲĿǰ޷ͨȫŹڽš
ƷҲ˵ΣҪȥʹǿһûнԸ֣
ϴѧҽԺǽڸƣֻҪڵӴ󣬻еֶֻܲҪܹõ¡
ƷѾ׵زˣֳ֣ҲûʲôЧ档Ʒɲȥֺõ顣
ٱֱӿδ˵Ĳ̶̽ڣԸĲ
˵ĿǰǸԸȾ෢ȾȾڸǶ෢ۡӹۡ
̽ĿǰûʲôҵרĻͣ
ٻû꣬;ˣʦҲһ찡̽Ŀǰż⡢ήĲתƣҲǷֲİ
ɲֱӺΣһʦС
̶δ˵ڽӲӣҪϴѧҽԺв֣էҽԺ̫ͬ
Լ˵Ҫʲô֣ҭס
ֻǣ̶Ҳúܣ㣬˵ǹǿҽԸȥĲֶ֣൱й֮
ڣһĸζֶڲס
ǰĲֱ֣ϴѧҽԺƵģڿɾûط˰ǲƣͺȥħơ
Ķ֣ûԸȥרѧġ
û˵ﻰʵ㣬һȽϴĲ֣ĿǰеϻڣûԸȥӴͽĲ֡
õΣֲ֫Ļֻħܡ
ϣϴѧҽԺܹ׵İõĲһƵġ
ûкòõĲֻ֣Ҫܹߵ⣬Ǻõġ
ĲԴԼۻġԳ׸ʡоģҼоġ
̽ڣѭѭ˵š
̶̾һ˵Σ֪ΪҵķչãֻĿǰû취ֳĺûᣬԸĽǡ
ҪҲޡ
̶һ԰ã
Ĳ֣ûģҶȥǳֺã֣ޱȣܴ򷢾ʹ򷢣˭ȥǰ
ѡʵĲֲˣһҽѡԼúõػţͲ
̶ЩڰҽԺǵˣؿǿУؿⲡ֣ؿΪ˲ƨɵ顣
˵ĲˣҪת߾תߡ
̽ڣΣҾиˡҾ϶ܹʤΣѣܶ鶼ѣѾȿ˷һһؽ
֣кܴһģȡҽԺܹ¡˵ҪŲ̶ͬƵġ
̶͹ˣҪôĻǾͲ˰
㶼Ϊ˿ֵȥڴܣ˵ƨһΪѿֵܣκԺôİ
ȴ̫˵Щ
̶̶ڣΣҾⲻеѣʮѣ
ȴһ֣˵̽ڣɲ֣˵ʵɣҲǶģǶģһҼصٴоĵĴûᣡ
һҲ׸
ôˡٷǳ϶˵
̶࣬˿ܳڷ򣬷ܳҲе㵣Ȼٿ٣ѹͲģôöˡ
Ļǻ
Լ֪Ǽ£Ǻߣ۸Լ
ԺⲻҲĲ֣ҲҰ̶ˡ


ٰʮ ϴųϸ
ʮ֮뿪˹ǿƶ
ֺƷ̶˶Գ˰칫ЦͣȻٻ·ϣ̶С۾ѾһԲȦüͷҲţ·ҪһϷ̨һϷ
ּ״ΪεҲֻȰ̽ڣȻѾˣ־ͻҪǿ䴦ġ
ʱĴλţҲæЭͬġ
Ҫñ쵼֮ĹϵֺƤһͰ鷳ӵֶ˵ѹե
ɶҲҪҽԺ÷Ұĺ
̶ǿһЦллΣллڡ
ƱǿԼֻһû취
ԼҲģʲôڵΣϴѧҽԺԼɳаҽԺһΣѵ
ڸϲ²£
ԼϵĲҪ˹أٴУҲҪǣűߡӣȹѰ
̶Ҫ칫ʱƷķ縱ڡҽʦũͶҽʦǷ׷״Ӱ칫Ķӣ
ô£ּ˶ûһ
Ű칫ָָȻܴԺŴĽȥʲôֵ飿˭涨ģ
ܵػҪܱ˿ʲôʲôԷǲҲҪǻ㱨
Źǰɣ
ԽԽԣϽƿţ˽ȥ˵ʲô
ΣҲ˵ݻĲˣݽְ̣ĲֹҾͺݣ
Ҳ˱ŵϴŹġ˵ԺʡˣҲǻȥˡ
Ϊһʿʮֻ꣬һĹɲ˸ϴŴĻģȻôѧЩɵĻ밴ĦһûԷö࣡
ɸë
ҽԺļЧ䣬ǰձڲֵļЧԻ֣㣬ֳΣ˵ļҲͷúܣûǮã
һ£ﲻܴˣ
㲻Ҫ˵ǿͳһİź͹滮Ҫһ㼯ʶո׽ҲˣҪǾ͵ȥרУΪʲôȥӣ
ҲǸڵˣôʶûСֿɲϣ߲Űţ̶ϵ˾Ͷ߹ˣʣ²̶һȻٴһסԺ¡
Ȼٵ
侲˼˺ܾãȻ˵ڣǳˣ˭Ҳƭ˭˭Ҳ÷ڲƭ˭
ҲǹǿרƵˣǿôಡ֣ҺͲ̽Ȼס㣬Ҳû˼ͶĴλյġ
˭ҪҪǲܵġ
ҵĻͷҲµˡ
ţˮǿͷ±ϣҲᡣҲᣬԸȥѧžˣһҲǲ
һĻܳɶеס
˵һֱǺƢһιҲ汻ٽڱƼˣԲôĻ
ٹһͨ𣬲̶ǲٶ˵ʲôˡ
ȻΣҲ֪һƢվĻôͥڵ˵á
ԣָȥһ˰칫ҡ
ΣûˤŶʵʵظŶȥΰ칫ҡ
ƷǸϽ˿Ҷ´̶̼
ͻȻôһ̶Ҳǿúܡ
˶ˣҽ칫ֻʣܳɺͲ̶ˡ
ܳŸסˡ
̶͵ȭͷһӣ߷߲ƽҲֻΪ˷йĵ
ʦû°ɣֻܹܳȥο
ƵĲ֣ܳŵģħھҽԺ飬ϷΪϴ飡
ĳҲֺá
˻
ġ̶
Բʦܳȿˡ
̶ƫͷʲôϵ
ʦ׽ҽ֣۵͹ˡܳôŵʱ򣬾֪רΪġ
ôر
㣬ĿǰֻоħñȽϺãСϡȵأûбȽϴġ
ܳܰǾǹҼصٴģףһĲǲµġ
֮ԳԶĲ٣Ѷȴ󣬶Ըȥѧ˲࣬Ļһ̶Ͽǵһȡ
ȰĦĻҪ¼Ħˣٲȥ港⣬óζаٶ㡣
Ȼ¼Եġ
ֵֻľЧ棬ȷôãûڹ̶ĺĲģҲûܹõļЧҲࡣ
ǣܹĲֹĻҲǹһ
Ͼ֫ʸߴ22
ɲһСˡ
ּѣǲȬģΪĲ򲡷IEǵĹǿƼ򲡻ߵĺܶ㲿֢Ըо񾭲估ȵ˶񾭲䡣
Ҫԭ򲡣ڵѪǵʧȥ˱еƽ⣬ֻܿƺԤһҪڷתǿƵģ󲿷־Ѿ˷ǳصĵزˡ
ʱ򣬾ֻжĤгѪܴ߽֫ȷʽƣ
ƵõǱȽϺõĽ֣򲡻ֲˮƽȽϺãȾܹõƣǡȾѭҽۺƣܹϡ
ڶǽ֫ڻ߾ֲȾƲѣ֯ƻΪ˷ֹȫ֢״ͨý֫ȫԵĸȾ
һֻڳȫԵĸȾصŧѪ֢صѪ¼˥ߣܻ
ɲǿЦģѪǿƲ÷ǳ׸
̶һ
ܳô֮󣬲̶ķЩȻʣСԼʲôԸĲ֣ҵȥٽģָߡ
⻹𣿡ܳɿЦһ¡
˵ʵһֶܵģûѧҪȥӴýȥʱģһ£ܹ˵аգ
˵ˣٽڣԻȥ˵ġ̶һӣǳаȫС
֮Ըոû˵ЩõЩ˵潲
Ҳʱʱ򣬲̶ҲᣬһȹƵģʱ˶࣬ȻٽûҲ̶һЩţԼԼӢ¼
̶ֶ࣬ҪٽʵҪǿѣҲֻΪѵذٽһˡ
˸вֵ鶼ó
̶ǴƵģרԼƵģ㣬֮ǰ̶ҵ񷶳룬˸Ӷš
ʦҾã԰ɡܳЩԾԾԡ
ڣͨĲ֣Ѿ᲻Ȥˣ͸ӹ۵߸ӸȾ崴ܹܳɾ񫡣
ãеӽڽڡ
ʲôַλǰʥ׷ٶȥַλ飬ûʲô˼΢ڹ̶Ҳ
˿ˡ
Ҳ̺ۣԼЩ飬Ҳͨ˵İ֮ġ
㣬ʵģսԵģҷչǰõĲ֣ܳϲȥսģͲ֣˼
ܳ˵ԼĹǣǹڵķӦòе̫Ҿǽ֮󣬹ְˣǵĲˡ
̶ܳʦͽϵĿǰһŶӡ
վڹĽǶȣ̶͸ȥﶥҪȥֺõ飡
ңܳҲ˹
̶̶ܹһ飬רҵʵûģֻΪԭ򣬻ûڣһᣬԲܵ顣
˲ţʧˣֻʹ
ңˣҲԼʦ彻Ƕһλʮ겻ϽڵĹŵӣĿǰԾ
ʱ϶
Ҽǰɣ̶Ц˵
ûûУʦҿ϶ǹΪʦܳæ֡
̶ȻҲ֪ܳڿЦ
û£ƢжȥֵʦʦͬʦֵܣҲһʦµġԻ˵ͨġ̶˵
²Уǹ˽˵⻰϶ء
⻰ҽ칫ô˵棬ڿ϶ưոݣҪôתȥطҪôǴְܳɵ
ƢΪãһǳܹѿԼˡ
ˣһһȷһ£ǾͲ׸ı䣡
һ˵ִ͵ģ
ԸǲԸûɡ
£ǲ̶Ҫ֣ǾǱŹߡ
Ƚһ
ʵһеĸףΪٶ£ҪĲֽӹ
㵹ǳɳ˲١
ĻԺ飬ֻˣû˰²£̶˼֮󣬶ܳô˵
е㺦£˵ʵļɳаҽԺļѴˡ
ҲԼʱŲסܳЩ顣
ȻܳɲԼû취ʤΣԼ˾ҵλϣѾûؼˣһƨ£


ٰʮ ûмҹ
ڸôöûҷϢϢһίı顣
˵ѾûȥˣŴĻᶼ٣ĿǰŸ˵תʮ㣬ûм˿ƵļĲҲת˹
ˣܳҲڿ԰Ъһ
пɣֻ΢΢𡣶ҽԺĿȫյĺ޷Ϯ
ֻܳѴˣݺݵش̼һԼĴƤ񾭡
֮ʱܶͶһ
رǴ飬֮ͬó顣
̶էΪĽڣƲֵĲˣѹͲ̶ȶֵ˱һء
ǿԼɸѡֵģ̶ֻǳʣģȹĲˣûԼĲ֡
ҶֵȹĲˣһ̶ϣǳ˶ֵҵΧġ
ңҽԺڲ֮ĺгҲбҪġ
ǿƲܲȥ˿ƵĻ˿ƣҲԺǿƴӲˡ
ʵҽѧϵĲ֣ͬܳɶԣһġ
ܳԼҽѧûȤߵһǾԼӦüҽѧҵ
ԣĸ֣ܳɶԶν
ҽԺҪҲҪĻܳɺͲ̶ȻܹĲġ
ܳһʱʵ󲿷˶ǰעĩԡʸߵĲ֡
Ĳֺ֣ãע˲ࡣ
ʵ㻼ߵ˸ȱʧǱȻġ
룬˭ԸһȷζŨ
˼ˣ¾ûˡ
֣þһǳĲ֣Ȼû˽ֵĻôܳɽֹǿ԰õġ
ɳаҽԺĲˣֱܾȰתԺˣûԸȥϴŹ
ܹϴŹֳκãôܽķԻݼȫȫƻߣ
ģ⼸ε顣
ôæֱ֪ȥʵҺЩ۵ط˼
ûðɣƵкü첻ϴ衣ܳɻء
ǿ϶ˡı顣
˵Ժ黹ҪĲˣȥһ¡ܳɷȥϢ
֮󣬰»
ˣͲܲ𣿡
氲ŵģô׷ʡ
࣬ǿڶԸܲò˾ħܡ͵һݹܳ˵
̾һ
ͿʼˣܳЦŻء
ǣҵ˼ǣھѾʼˣѾɸѡˣʵǽڲеĴ
Ҹոһ£㣬еΰа𣿡˵
ͨϢ֪ٲǰٶѵģٶѵģ϶ôʵ
ʲôղյģӲͷƤ£ǡôؾѲ˵Чá
Ŷˣ飬һôǣҽԺῼǶһƵסԺת̫ˡܳɸ˰һϢ
²ֵʱأûͿԻؼң
ٺͶΪ˿ܳһҪܣҪ̫Ŀǡ
𣿣˷ѹûܳѾĹ
Ȼһƭʲô
Ѱ˼ţҪҪͽһ׷ӣܳвٵǮˡ
û취֮ǰ̫࣬ټõĿƼĽԼһϵеĽܳȫһ׻鷿֮󣬻ܶȫһס
ȻҪˣǾ׼һףҽϴѧҽԺҲһס
ѽѽڵнҲͣ20wйǿ϶ԿԼġ
ҺôһǧĲأԼԼⷢһ̾š
ҵõĻоĲһǧ
ææҪҪϢܳʣ°̫ۣϾŮӵ뾫û취ȵġ
һȣͿ϶ûˣ
ҲҪòײŵÿգĵȥܻ߾ĵʮʮ֣ҲҪúעϢ֪𣿡⽻
סԺڼ䣬׳µģȴʱۣעϢĿѳְ
ţãǾһ
Ҹ㽲⼸죬ȫǻ£ҲкµģҰ˼ҸĿζ˹ݣȥһһ̽ɣ
ðкóԵĻ𣿡
ˣеԶ
Զ£г˵һҵı顣
ɽǡܳɸһλ
ҴŶȥ˼죬Ϳʼѧˣ
ҲǲԣǿסԺѡһĩסԺ֮Ϸȥɽǣһٻ
٣ϸϻһ˵ȥȥа
ǰ˵ϻȥ˲Ż𣿡顣
ɡԣܳǰǾȨʽݳޣڣ
Ǯã
ˣҰ˵ҪǶװޣʱǻҪסƵܳ˵
ܳ˷֮󣬲Ǿװ޵ģԼװޣ˶ţܳɵİͳ˱ȽϺõѡˡ
סƵѽסڵС£˰һһ׼ױء
Ҵ绰ˣ˵ҰְְˡϢ˵
ҪҪѧһϵĶӣܳһʡ
ʲôѽ
СţҪ
ȭߡ
㣿ʵ벻ܳɵʲôˣô˵Ļ
ܳɺٺһЦҲԼʼڰǰ̸ۼҾƸ⣬ûôԱˡ
ǮƲǺöǮƿ׳˵ɫ
ǻɴյ飬𣿡ܳɸϽתƻ⡭
Ҳûƽˡ
ܳɣãʮʮ˯֪ʲôʱ˯ŵģȻֱ賿㣬űѡ
һҲȽϼ򵥣ǸľԼ͹ġ
ϲʱˤһӣˡ
ֻһ򵥵Ĺ۵ĻȻļܳɾַλ䴦ˣٴһʯ࣬ڷ˵л£ҵķߡ
ܳŵ׻ܲ˯ҪҪ˯һʱ
⣬bibubibuļ120ȻĵȻûãܳɾͿſڼһˣȫ·ļҽ
ңһĻߣѪȸض˵ĸֽ˻˹ȥ
ǿƻ绰׼ظͷ­CTֵҽ͸Ͻ
ܳû뿪͸Ͻ˹һ¸ֽ̵λã
ͷƤ΢һʦҾǹǿƵסԺ뾡һ߲Ұ
ֽĵطǹɶͲ֪ûдơ
׼CT
أǩ֣Ƶֵҽѹûܳݵʵԣϴһ
ֻǣڲתƶĹУ˶ɴǣֻѪλãʼѪˣɽȪ
ͬʱӲʼ
Բۣ
ܳɼ״æѿڴװһ˺Ȼʮ֮ڴһֻ֮ȥ
ʦǹǿǩˣǹɲѪܵˣǿԵˣҪϿ
һ¹ǿƲĵ绰ֵҽǩ֣没ƽңܳһ˵ţһʩչַѹֹѪ˹ɶλá
Ѫٶȼ٣ڡ
⻹йɶ͹ɾ˫Ѫˡ
ʦʦ޵桢ֶܳԻʿվ
Щȵʣ׼ܶ࣬̾˱˹ܵ·ϾѾ˺װ
ûȾ
Ҫ͸һʱ취ֹѪһ£ոͨXҲáͷ­ѪףʱѪֹסˣȻûˡ
һ绰ƼƵġ
ͼҰɣXߺCTʹ绰Ӱơ
ãܳһжӰţ˱ɴ
ʦҰһֹѪλãҪСʼѹ𣿡˴Ӽ뼱ңҪƵҽͻʿϵġ
ѪֹȻֻܳһ˴
ǸƵֵҽû˵ؾֱӰַذܳɵƿ
ǸǿƵˡ
ܳһȣȻϽȥҾĳѪ㣬ʱҪ
ȻҪϽֹѪĲ
벻ԶٶȺܿ죬ʱ䣬120͵˼ҹ̨ϡ
֮£Ѿǹ˲ˣԸ䱸Ѳػʿֵĵ绰رȨȨ֮
ִ˹ǿƵĵ绰ֵҽȥҼǩ֡
ͬʱֻһʱ䣬ҽӦ׼½ҽԿʼˣĿǰ״̬߻鴦ˣӦ޷֪ʹ
ʱ䣬һûʧȥʹƵҽһˣǳأ˵ĻҲаȫС
ãܳҲϻûжֵ£ֻܳܵ˿ʼ
ʵ޾ϵ˴һãﵽ޾״̴̬֮ܳ޾̨ϣ޾ѪǯȻ˳ŻѾеĿӣһһбսȥ
˶һ㶡
ܳʱ򣬲Żһ˵ʦѲʦȿţߵȲֹѪӦѾֹסˣȥҼǩ֣õʱ鷳
ãҽѲϸضŻ˺һҲֻѪƸսۡ


ٰʮ Ⱦβ
ֻѲأûеʿҽҲֻйһˣûѧţԾֻ˫㵵
֮ܳ߳ҽѲأǴ㵣˭ʶ𣿡
ҽǲʶġ
ҲǴˣǸѲػʿ̨Ͽǯ֮һ¹սļ
㣬㻹˵ҺʶҲ֪ʲôѲػʿɴ۾ôء
㻹ѽҽǲʿҵ󣬸ԺģԼܶࡣ
ѲػʿԺˣȻС㣬治Ǻӣֻʶ㻹ǵȥǸ̮¼ҵʱ˼ȥ֧Ԯ
ֳȣǽʲôҲʰǸ120ȥתһ˾ͱϻ
ͬգܡѲػʿô˵
֪ǼѾȥһֻ꣬Ǹ˵ձȽ̣һʱ仹벻ˡ
Ͻȥ˻ߵĲϣܳɡӦǹǿƵġ
Һ˵ҽúܣֳʱżѪǯ˺ֹܶѪ
Ҿ˵˭ôӴѪǯ͸ٳȥҲ˼ǩ֡ҽĻǾ治ˡ
ԭŶҲ˵ǺƵʦġ濪ʼԡ
˵أǱңȻҪ΢£˵ûͦ˧ġѾСˣ֪Щ飬øϽ֣Ȼûķݶˡ
úúá澹ȻѾˡ

ܳǴ绰ֵҽѲ˵ļ֪ᵽſڣܳɳȥ˲˵ֺ󣬾һˣ¶֮ɫ
Ϲôˣһû㲻ٸץܳɾʡ
Ͼ;ҽ̸ɲһ¡
ܳɾ˵ڻߵĲǳҪǩֲУȻһЩ飬ҲҪһ¡
120ԺߵɫͨʱǵӦÿҽͻʿյѪ
ĿǰѪѾֹסˣǾʽҪģǾȹ
ʱ䲻࣬һȾβ˵ʲô©Ҳ˲ˣող˾ûˣֻȽҰ𣿡
Ļǩ֣Ҫϻȥˡ
һٳǹͨûҽĻôʹһ˳ʱʱһCT۲һûͷλˡ
Ǿ仰Ⱦܳ˵ٶȺܿ졣
Ҳҵ飬ֻЩ飬ýĻҪܳҲֵҽû˵
֪ҽˣǩ֣ҽҩѾˣʱֻҼĿû΢޶
ҽǧɱΪûǮͲ˰ٸϽץܳɵ֣ǳеĽ
⻰˵꣬Ա߳һʮҵ꣺ҽõ⣬òģһҪҵܵܵסٲ֢
ǿϵĶӿˣĽҽԱ϶Ǵ߷ѵģֱġ
ܺǰ̸õģǶƽＲԵȵġ
ˣǩ֮󣬾ͰȣҪżҪҽΪʲôҽ̸Ǻ¡
˰ɣҪץʱȥˡܳõǩ֮ϻͷ˿顣
ҽԺ֮󣬶ڼؿ뵣ģҽԱܱȼӵġ
Ͼ˭Ҳϣ¹ˣ
ܳٴνʱϾѾˣ
ʲôܳʡ
ɸ磬Ҫִֵ࣬˲ƣⲻܹҰɣϾЦš
˸ܳѧϰĻжѵãǶϾǶġ
ڣȱĲ£Ǽ¿ۣԺʦһȥǼԼϵģЭ
ʦܷϢ˵ղײã̫ˣҾûϾٴ֤ԼĻboyǹⲻġ
ʼҷϴС뼡⡣Ҹ㶵ףܳϷԸ
ȾβѲ˵û⣬ԸϾһЩֵĻᣬݻܹöϾɳ
ϾȷôʺãҪĶѻ
ƣҪ۵죬˵ѧϰȫһġ
Ͼϲ񣺡ллɸ硣
˵ĶԻҽһԴһֹҲ֪˵Щʲô
Ȼ½Ҳûᡣ
ٴ̨֮ѾֹѪϵĶж˵ķϣܳĿǰļԣСƣ΢˴ĥ֮
ɶɾķϾϣɿ˼бյѪǯѪҺͨ
˵ʱ䲻ûѪ˨Ѫͨ
ܳٿһֻۣʣСѪֻмĴˡ
ͷġ
ĲְգֹѪҲҪ׼ʵϣҪ֮󣬲Ҫݿ˶ҲףͻԴݿˣмʧ
Ͼϡ
Ѳʦٴδ绰һ´CTܳɸԷԸ
˵ҽ̫ˣCTʮʱ䣬CTġֻҪתҶѡ
ðɣܳɾԼеªˣ¾Ȼ֪顣
Ͼƨƨߵؿʼ崴СѪܷϵȲڷĳһѪʱܳɵһֲ֣һ֮󣬲öϾ
ʱеCTѾˡ
԰ߵĸͷ­CTʾˣӦͻĸֽ͸ˣȻ˹ɶʣ񾭶ûˡ
Ҳɺϣû⣡
ǼܳɻƬҲԼͨƵд˻֮󣬲
ררΣרһ
˰֮ĽȣͿٽһˡ
ҽߵѪѹѾָ˸ѹ92Ϊ˱Ѫ࣬ҾͰѪѹάݿѪѹ˰˶ܳ˵
õģллܳﰲ
ǰҽԺϴѧҽԺĲ֮ͬˣҽԺ޲ðѲ˵ѪѹָϴѧҽԺʵҽʱѪѹݿѪѹԼٳѪ
ţڽӽıԵǻ
ݿѪѹܿ£һ̶ϣܹٳѪġ
УǶϾٶʵ̫ˣһСʱȥ崴ͼѪܵķϡ
ʱ䣬ȴѾָ࣬ӽߵ㡣
ܳû̫ʱ˷ѣֱĲеԺԼ˽ϰϺ崴ٶеˡ
崴ЧԣǷϵʱ򣬻ǲ̫עһ£һǻĤһ¡ܳĵָ㡣
õģɸ硣ϾЩʧ䡣
ǿʱҲ֪ܳûʱ˷ˣȻҪȥˡ
ܳɽֹе֮Ľ̾ȫһˣߵ룬ر˿ڡͬʱƺΪżһ㣬ʱðѻߵѪѹָˮƽ
Ҳǹţģ
ŶϾϣܳɾ˵˰λ㡣
ܳɶʮ꣬͹ˣҽԺر۵Сᣬин׼û
˵ҽд˰ɣ
ӦýСǡ
Ȼܳɵ˼ôԼıҵơ
ܳæǸ˼ҸˡȻǺ̲
ϴѧҽԺǴһѧԼİƵģʮѧҵҲͶʮ꣬ЩǰҵܾͶʮң
ͺñ߮磬ʮ࣬Ҳǲܵġ
͵Ц
Ͼ̧ͷЦ˵ɸ磬˰ɣʮ㣬û취װۿ
ɡܳɵ̬Щȣޱؿʼϼҽʦļӡ
סԺҲסԺҽʦһ֣סԺ¼
Ͼ⻰㶣סҲתͷһۣеζǣ㣬ôСӣ˼𣿡
汾Ǹûᣬܳɵ֮˲Ļˡ
кӱŮӴ꣬ǲҪŮкϣǻϾͲ̫˼ˡ
ʮˣŮʿ
ʼε̾һ̫ˡ
öϾѲͳȥýעȺܳɲ˵λСôƺӸVXɣ
ȻǺ̲衣
æͷѽѽҽҽҲԽ
λ棬ҽ㡣ˣһСĻұСŶ
治ʣѽŶʮˣǵŵġ
㲻ãá
˵ÿˣҽովЦҵȻ°֮ҪȥˣȻˡ
ҲԼӸVXԺ϶иʱ򡣡ܳô˵ţҲ˳µؼӵ˶˵΢š
֮ȥҵ·ϡ
沢δţܳɰԼַ˹ȥҽǹǿƵܳɣݴ档
ҽҽ棬ҲԽ㡣һϢ
Ͳôˣ๾طһϢ
ΪһǣҽҲҪŶող˼ˡ
ҽ
ȥһڼֳŶ
ҽܳɣǱҰܳЦЦôһϢ֮󣬾͸ȥҽˡ
סԺ˭ûм࣬ýʱ䣬͵õڼУ绰ٲźá


ٰʮ ҹ·ɿ
ܳϵסԺҽʦѾ½½ϵˡ
ϼҽʦ棬Ҳ룬ֻиǣûӰ
ܳɱȽϵĵǹͲˣǿаš
ñȽģܳһش˹˵ʦ֣Ҹʱֵҽ͸ҽ飬ҷֹܵǸڿƵסԺҹתˡ
ܳһסԺֵߣ׼ˢϱӺתͷʲôʱ飬ôֵҽûҴ绰
յҹתƣǼתƣӦסԺҽʦͬ⣬ſԡ
ֵҽ׸ʲô
ɿҽҪתߵģԭϵָѾָһЩȻڴĲ˺ͼʼֵҽ鷳ˡ
Ҳ֪֮ǰסԺʦ֣ǶģεĶֲ֫ĻߣѾסԺһ£ڹָܻ΢Ƿѡ
ɿͬסһʮСʱܱãԲе㲻ƽˣûɿ˵ʲôֵҽõ鷳
Ƕ˿󣬲ŵƽϢ
ɿҽΪ˰˵ȥڿƵĲںʦϵ֮󣬱ô
ʱϢûкô㡣ʵ
ֻôʱĿɫ˲˼֮ɫ
飬ָЦֿ
֮䣬Ҳǻ໥ƴȵģɿҲܶҲԹǿƵһЩ鲻
ķŮֿסƵĲ֣ôĹܿ˾Ȼ˼֮ġ
ҽ󿵸飬ҪȥڿƲ鷿𣿡ܳҲû뵽£ᷢչӡ
ⲻĹ
ɿҪתԼסԺҲΪ˹ǿƵĺг
Ѷ
ģҾҽҲǸõˣҷֹʱ򣬺ܶϵģҲˣʱʱϵңǳչȥ͵ܻˡ˵
ϣ̶붡ȷɿתƵ飬ûֱӴܳɵϢĴҲȫԺһ޶˰ɣ
ЩڻôһסԺأ
סԺˡ
ڣϼǸסԺʰһЩˣ飬ȷ
ã֪ˣûУ
ûеĻһһЩܳɿˢȻˮݺݵشһ󣬱תͷС
ʦ֣ҿ˶ʦֵϢǴ͡˫룬ҾζУڻеʱ䣬ʦȳ԰ɡֺһ˵
Ǯת㡣ܳһôϸʦܣҲһܲ顣
Ͼе֣ʱϲˣĻںöˣΪԼĲγ˲ࡣ
ˣʦ֣СǮûϵǺܴ󷽵ôȻѿһ᣺ʦ֣ȳȥˣҷֹĻߣͲ˺е˵ҽԺʲô
ҵȥһġ
˵꣬ˡ
Ǹˡ
¼ҽҪѧϰᣬ͵øϼҽʦճĿʱ䡣ϼҽʦ˺ͼסôܳѧ
ܳɺͲ̶ô϶ܹиʱճѧˡ
ӷȡľ
ƵסԺҽʦȡ˺ܶѧϰĻᡣ
ѧϰķ
֮ǰѧϰᣬʦͼҳ׷Ͷιġɵ֮ͻ֣ᷢѧ㰮ѧѧܳɲŲɲţȫԼȫԾ
֮˶ΪԼеһУԼȡ
Ͼûһ˽׷۾Ϳʼ¡
ɸ磬ˣ˼ҸϺˡϾ֪ܳչԼܹСʱ̨ܹһЩϢʱ䡣
żġ
ʱ䣬һһҵѧĲԺܹĲҴ㿪ʼԺһʱ֮ͨĻҾͽ̸֡ܳɽ
ᶼһһóģһŶӣҪ˿ʼ϶ܳɾһõŶӡ
Ҫ뿪ܳҲҪ㣬ԼһЩر÷ȨķȨ
ȻĳΪǿƵ˶ʿôֱסԺҽʦĲĹͬʱʼУһдĹס
ĲдҪѣҪĴ©תסԺҽʦ޸ġ
ܸܳԾԵĶᣬֻһʵϰܳںţͿԾͨסԺҽʦĽ׶ΣֱӵסԺλá

ʱ䵽ˡ
ֵҽֵ໤ʿѽ඼֮ܳɾ˵˼ʿΣ΢һ°
Ժúϣÿܵʵϰҽ̲鷿飬˹飬֮ǰϵеʵϰ֮󣬾ȫȥ飬Ų鷿
ڣͷˣˡܳɺ𾴵˵
ʵϰҽĴ̲鷿ԺĹ涨ˣְֻƵˣʸ̲鷿ܳɲĹ涨߳ʽ
ΣʿҽˣŴҵʱˡܳɷ֣סԺɲڿҫ
ЦЦ˵ڣˣҲԺĽ֯εĻ飬ԺĽ񴦶θǵ󰡣ϣǶӱĽѧ
ҾӦ£Ժÿ£̲鷿Σ̽ںǾʹ̲鷿һΣšһ
ƷνתͷһȦʵϰõǺȫǿʵϰٲ
Ʒô˵˲һʵϰɪɪ
ʵϰʱĳ̬˾Ͳˡʵǰչ涨ʵϰ׼ʱڣסԺǿֱӺͽϵģֱѧǲǶˡ
Ȼ󱻲鵽˯ǽҲǻҵʵʲôԭġ
ΪﲻԸ̣ûкܶѧϰĻ񴦾ֱ𣬵ʱܹһƱʦĽᡣ
ûд̣ʵʵȥطһҽʦҪΪڣǽѧҽԺֹǵβ˵ĵط
ҪΪҽѧԴԴ϶˲ţǽѧҽԺе
ΪԼ͵񴦲鵽˿еĻᶼˣ㲻ҵʱҲһ鷳飬εľֵʵϰصģҪ㲹һƵʵϰ
ڿơơƶƵȡ
ʵϰ֮󣬴֮󣬲ŷűҵ֤飬ʱӰ쵽㹤˶ʿǾͶԲˡ
ǶѧҽԺҽѧԺĹء
ԺĽ񴦣Ȩܴ󣬶ʵϰҪҲǸϸġ
˵ʵϰԸʵϰԸǿҲҪ˼Լԭ򣬵òá
ǹǿƣǺܻӭԺԴҿƾͶоģһ㣬Ҫǵá
ҽԺǳӭұԺı˶ʿ׶ΣһȨģǰҪܹҵõ˶ʿоʦȡͬС
λССﰡǿɵŶҽԺ˶ʿʦܾǵĴʦš
ôȷ֮󣬽ͽˡ
뿪ȥƷ·ϣܳ˵СżһǴ̲鷿ҪȻһһ£ѧϰزġ
ǵٴ˼άһЩǱҶûôľ顣
ܳ˵ʵģ海ĳĵȼѧƶȣ̥ںǴѧҽԺһڣҲǷƵʦ
ǱһӵĽѧܽᣬܳҪýѧ飬ѧϰധĦǷǳҪģصҪѧ
һƷѡĴ̲һǳѧϰʩ
Ҫһ𣬶ϾҲҪһ룬ԸĻҲһ
õģʦΪܳҪر齻һʼЩš
ֻСµĻǼǵġ
㽻֮󣬲̶Ҳҵܳɡ
Сܣڣʱתȥ˹ǿһ춡̸£¸£һڣµĻ
ܾҪҶˡ̶ôһ䣬֣˸
û˹̶֣Ǿʮ飬뵽ܳɻڣͷĲ١
ֻҪѲĲ̶֣־úܼ֡
˺ܶϣһЩףȻЩͷԣ£սԲС
֮ܳǰҲûôӴĲ֡
ţû£ʦܳԤϣȻź
û취ԼƢҲţˮǿͷ顣
ʵܳɺͲ̶ҲԲӦ֣ܳʵǲԸô˵ģ
飬ĿǰֻĸĻߣǵģʱ䣬ҪȰѻߵѪһҪȿ
һҪؿƺûߺͼ
ʦڿһ£ǰЩ߶ˣǻ᲻ᷴȥ˿Ƶ鷳ҽԺ鷳ܳɱûࡣ
ɿɵ飬ܳ΢˵˼
ȥ˿鷳ȥҽԺ鷳ʲôϵκõģǵı£˿ƺ͹ǿƵ£ǵԺ˿ƵȥԼ顣̶ν˵
ʦǾͺúø㣿ܳһ̶⻰˲¡
ߣȥ鷿ȿɡ̶Ȼ˵еݣʵҪЩߣе˵ġ


ٰʮ Ը
ܳɲ鷿֮ǰһʱ䣬ʱ΢еңЩ֪ҹ˼
ܳѾûؼˣ˯Ҳǳռ˯ġ
Ŷԭǵˡܳɸ˲̶ĽŲŶϾ
ĲˣûʲôģΨһģǰ͵͵ظ̶˵Σ̵ĻܺãҲҶ
±˼ʣ͵͵عܶģɿˡ
ɿɵ飬Ҳ֪ڲĲˣҲʾġ
̶ЦЦ˵ûϵҪʱҪˡܶԼģûҪΪʲô뷨Ͳ
ѾˣõĻˣʲôҪԼŬˡ
ԼϹܶٺãҲʵ޼¡
̶⻰õġ
ûʵϰڣֹܴλסԺҽʦҲЩ졣
Ϊڲ̶ǳĽһѡϼҽʦˣͿܴҽͲ˹ͨĹˡ
ʵϣ٣˺ͼԼĹܿãܳϸʹҩԭ֮£˵ʹܿغúҲԸ϶
ҲһЩŵĺӣǺµˣǾû취ˣⲻǿȵ˵ġ
ܿ죬鷿Ķ㵽˵һ㻼ڵĲ
̶սȥм˵̽ڣˣϹðˣĿյá
ȥһʿλȴ˵Ҫ̽ȥ˵̽ڣܲһ£Ϊ취˵һʮĸŮΪ£Ҳ
ҽԺһ֪ѡ
̶æ˵˵ͲѽҽԺеĴλ䡢λˣɻͳģĪ˵ˡ
ʿͬ⣬˶ûá
ʵҽƽпңҽԺڷְϣȷ涨
֮ԽлʿܼңʵеĴλǻʿֹܵġ
ǣ̽ڣϹð˰ˣʱ˿˺ˡӰָ˵۾תͣ
ڴϵ꣬ҲǷǳϵĿ˼·Ϊ֤ԼĸðƵġ
û취Ҳ֪ǿҵĴλǷǳŵģԺһͿճһţȻ²ס̶Ҳ͡
ǲ̽ڣ˳Ժܲתһ£Ůʡ
У23̶ŷŬŬ죬Ƕʮһͬһ䡣
ǣ
ҲԺǿԳԺ𣿡Ůһʡ
ϾϽ˵ʦѾڰˣһԺԸ⡣
԰ɷָͦõģҲСƽʱĻҲԺС˿ڣû顣̶֪ںͶΪչĹۻߡ
ܺùʲ֣û̫ĺ֢Ҳ˳֡
ҲԺŮ˵

û취˵ʵ˼˻ͬಡ֣ûԸסĲرǶ졣
Ŀյ䣬ҲǹصģǾζһ濾ˣ
û취λͬ־ĻŮͬ־Ůԭϲͬһ䲡ס²㡣
ϴѧҽԺĹǿƻûпմλת
ȷ˳Ժ飬̶ʹȥ22һʮĺӣ˺ݣܺڣرڣعһɴȻ޷ڸסζ
ܳɵ˴˿֣ʵǹζϵϢ
ͬļӣޱ飬ûвͷȴҲûкܿġҲûж21ļͱֳرĲû߷ꡣ
ãоôϵѪǶ٣̶ʡ
㻼ߣ򲡻ߣѪǱҪʵġ
ϲˣ8.8Ѫǿƺˣţӡ˯ʱֺʹء
ǺǱĥϰˣҡͷ˵ҽʵڲеĻͽ˰ɣԼܲˡ
һ˵һ߻ذԼ
л»ǹܴҽæ˵̽ڣĿǰƷ˿ƵƷҲڷڿƻ˶εģĿǰڴ״̬ڵѪǿƱȽϺá
΢ѭҩõʲôܳл»ǶûϸЩģ̫æˣû
Ŀǰõǰеضл»Ҳùġ
أܳɼʣõģӦòܳҲ©
ᡣл»Դ
üӰ綡ֹʹɣûϢһ㡣ȻټüܰӪҩһ̶ϻ˵񾭡ܳ˵
ܰ˿ƾѾˡл»űۻѼӰ綡д˱ʼǱϡ
ע⻤θᡢǰеضһθ̼ԡǵԤԿҩõͷӸƣҪܳ⽻
ͷӸƣĿҩظƣǸõĿҩָҲôдġ
󣬵ͷӸӦö꣬ȫϵܺá
Ҫǣܳз֣ͷӸһ̶ܹٽڲ΢ѭͨģԤѪ˨һҩãʲˡ
ãл»д
ǰɡҪҪע⻼ߵʹӦһҪϸʹûϢáܳٽ
㷢չһаѪˣʹر̵ġ
Ϣãһ֮ǰ϶ǳʹࡣ
Ĳ֣ҩҪرϸУҩõָܹζʧġ
ãл»ͷ
̶УһԲܳɼ˵ҩҪôãرȷ
ǴƵģͻȻת㣬չԻ
Ȼ23ǰ˵õҪԺر22ת֮תȥ뷨С
ڲ귿֮ܳɲŶԶϾ˵ϾԺǵһ£򲡻ߣԺʼͱõͷӸأǰֹͣڶ쿪ʼá
ͣ죡ܳɷԸ˵
ҽʦоԵĴȨֻҪ̶ܹͣʱߵƷ
ҩǸݾٽԼһϺףԼҪƶһ״ƹǼܣסԺҽʦϤ֪
ԺǹѧϰУõš
ǾҩΪΪܹͽһֲԻܴһֵĲѹܳģ棬һ벡ƣһ벡ҩͿԽ
ûƶЩ˵ܹЩܹҩﴦ
ʹܹƷһ㣬ܳȵذִҼصͷΣ
Ϊûܳúã
õģɸ磬һȥ֮ϲ顣ϾҲʼ١
ܳڹˣҪԼ￪ʼˣһôһ㹻Ժʱˣ
̶˲תͷʣ㣬ҩƣ
һЩаٷ֮ʮϵıʣҾͿԼЧܳɱعƣϣ̫ߵϣ
ҲһˣߣǼȥ鷿

Сʱ֮ܳɣʦ֣ΪʲôĻҩһ
ҩȻǲһģÿ˵һġܳ˵
ԼûҲ԰Ҳһס
Ŷõģʦ֡ʧ˷ܽӡ
ܳɾȻûر壬ʲôĲ֣Ұܳɼǹǿ޵еġ
ȻܳԼδôֻҶѣܹƿеĹǿƲ֡
֣֮ҪȥһҳģͲ֪˭Ը֡
һҪȥһ̫ˡܳ˵
õģʦ֣ȥϢܳɫϴ£Ͻˡ
ܳŴ˯¡
˸Ŵ̲鷿Ҫܳɻ㱨ҲǱϾֹˡ
Ȼʵϰ;һڷ̲鷿ļ֣Ȼͬԣ
ѧ֮ѧϰѧϰʽѰҿֵķʽͨ˲һġ
֮ܳǰڰҽԺʱ򣬿ûôһء

ܳǱѵģǲ̶ţ˳
Сܣڡ̶֮󣬱
ܳ˯¶ģ⻰۾ţȦúܺ졣
Ȼ󿴵ſվˣ̶Բض˵һ˾Ȼǹǿһ꣬ܳɺ⡣
Сܣּˡ˿ҲܺͰҲȽᣬ崺磬һ˵ζ
ڣʦ˼˯һܳæ͡
⣬Ҹ̽ڽˣ˵ɲ̽ڷҪھͼ档ε˵
Сܣͥҵ֮תģԺǴҾһˡ
ϣһΪڽӷϴ̶žƾ֡
ܳɻû˵̽ڣУԼãͣԺ̽ҪҾԲܾ
һΣҵúúллҽİæҵĵϱڿá֣ҵúͲ̽һ£ܾܾƺ㣬ݾܾ
£̶תͷܳɣû˵
ܳɾ˵ʦҺһ̨໥ѧϰһ£Ǽû߶㡣
ڼˣŶʦҵȥܻˣȻҪһʵϰĴ̲鷿¼ʦҪڣһ£
סԺʱ䣬Ǽģûмƽ
ȥɣڣСסԺԣ
˵⣬ԼˣûϵˣСܡ


پʮ ܳǿƵĸ
ʮ磬ʮ塣
ܳҽϢûʮ˽ƽһ̨ѿĳԺˣԽ켴㲻ʿسԺҲʱ䡣
ʮסԺ飬ܳɷǳףסԺҪȥ˯˯ʱϢҪϢܳԷͳԷ÷Է˷㣬͸ϽһʱͳԷ
ǧҪᣬҪϣĻûԣһûԣһҲûóԡ
ܳһͳԹһ絽ڶĵ㣬ˮδմ뿪ƿˮ±ȻֵȥܳɾסˣѪǡ
̲סˣң˰;˼ɿŵûιȥ
ʮ߷֣ܳɵĵ绰ˡ
סԺħԼֻʾǶ֡
ܳɣֵǳУҪһ㡣
ҾڿﰡΡܳɻ˵
Ҳ̵ڵȥ̨ϣ̨ȥڼܲ˲в˵ڼҽַǳظ֪
Σڿܳٴλصϣܹ¶żġ
֪ڿҡ
Ͻȥв˵ڼҽеҩȫԭԭ֮ҩȫ֪ͣͨסԺҽʦңϵҡ
ÿԵĹܴҽڣеڼܲҪӡڲ졣
֪ͨʿͻʿѲóڿ߰ķҲͨͨ

Ѳ飬ȵɳмҽԺü죬Ѿ֪ͨίԱ쵼ô֤Ѿʲô֤Ѿɰתˡ
ɲǿЦģ
ɱ񣬼ɱ
Ƿ⽮򸱵ķ⽮ɱ
ֻûҵʱ򣬲̶ƷѾ˿֮ɫǽ칫ҵţеĹܴҽڸλʱҲǳһ
ѲɳУϴѧҽԺãɰתǿ϶Ǳɱġ
ʱûбȽϺõסԺܵĻܴҽһʱۼȫôܶȱ©͵Ҫϼҽˡ
ܳɿƷںͲ̶ſڣֱӭȥȶŹܴҽڲܹ޸ҽһˣҪ޸ҽ
еڼܲڼܲҩȫ߼ͣ˳ʮСʱģʵҼ֧ɲȫҪ©棬ҽϵͳҩָɣ
֮ǰѾǸ޸ҽÿնڲ飬ڲҪκ޸ġ
вģѯϼֹҽֱҡ
ĸסԺܳɷʩ
һȺ˾ͷ׷׶ڵ㣬ڶδܱסԼȫסԺҽʦȥ飬̫
˵꣬ܳɾſڣȻֱΰ칫ҶȥΪ֮ǰ̶ںƷڿܳɵ칫Ѿתȥΰ칫ҡҽ칫ֻ̨ԣܹĹܴҽʮǲ̫á
ΰ칫̨ҽϵͳĵԣҪǣдĲ˵ҽ˲һ顣
Σڣʦΰ칫ҵţܳҲˣֱƿţȻֱӽˡ
Ŵϡ̶˿һ˵
ܳȻؾͰŸˣֻǸպҪŵʱ򣬶Ҳպõſڣƿ
ܳɻͷ֣Ͻ˿Ѷָ˽
Σ
ΡʱƷͲ̶Ǹġ
ΪƵΣƱ鵽ʲô⣬ǵһ˳λˡҲܲ⣬ֻҪûĻôĿ϶ֻж֣һӴ
ΪƵϼһѶ˵Ļôƾ޷ת
ûƷͲ̶ǿܳɣѹǳż˵ƽʱаѿؿҽ𣿡
Ѳ飬ǲ鲻֮硣ֲÿڲϵҩȴ˲ϡ˵еҽвȥҩҩ֣Ǳ֮֡
һЩ¼ҽͺϲô㡣Ϊľһؿۡ
ܳ˵еĹܴҽʱҾѾԺǰѵˣһÿ춼˲ڴ˵ҽ
Σ֮ǰҲֹ֧ҡ
ֲóǿҩûеģǣϵĲˣҽҲк㡣
ڱµģ֮ǰĲҽĻûա
ѾеĳԺѾ˳ȥӦòȥҲ飡
֮⣬Ǵƻõҩﻹһ׷ۡҲÿ˲ˣʹõ׷۵Ļе͵Ѫֻ֢ǰԭֻе30ʱ򣬲ܿڷ׷ಹ25ܾಹ׵ס
һ㣬ϸĻܻ⣬Ϊܶ3135ĲˣǿҲֱп˵׷۵
ҩ棬ǴҪõҩǣסֹʹסಹҩʹá
ҩʹãĿǰ152.434õĲͷ߻õ̹ŴҲˡʮ崲˿ҺһοԹһ崴
ûȥҺϸԵ춼ûͣҩ
2ҩҩƵĻĿǰ˿ȻڸȾһεҩ֮ǰ
4ڵ͵Ѫ֢˿ŧҺȻûҩƵĻҲǽ˻˿ڵŧҺͻģʱֵҽֵģûмʱ
ڸոգѾҩƵĻ绰ҩƵʦ˵һСʱ󣬻ǿҡΪ˺ܶࡣ
34ʦõģûҺѪѪеУͷ߻ЧĿǰ˿ڻָɣ֮ǰҩƵĻʹ֣ǰʵҼ֮ҩƵĻʹá
Ϊָ֢Ƚϸߡ
ǿأоֹʹҩǿĿǰͳһõķ徲ҩͣƣqdڷҩ0.1g bidĿǰǿûΥʹõġ
θҩҲǳʹõ򣬾ʹʱ䣬΢е㳬ʱ䣬죬ѵʱͣҩӦ˴š
ҩʹҲǵͷӸƺظƣָڵҩ
ͷӸʮǮһ֧ʮࡣҲ󳣹ҩҲָϿˣһҩõĵͷӸڶߡ
ظƵʹãѪ˨ƣԤҩеˡ
ҩﳣ涼Ǹ¶ûʲôġǰùעгҩҶպ͸עҺʱͣ˵ġ
ܳ޾ϸػرţǸֵ˵⣬ҲǷģסԺʱ䣬ĵġ
ֻǣܳôʱ򣬻Щ飬ΪһЩûľǣ¼ҽ֮Ϊҩ˽ҹȻЧȵͷӸƸãΥʹãԤʹе̫ˡ
мǮĻؿۡҲųϼҽ¼ҽ
ôˣܳҲҵϾҽԺĵȼƶȶԣǵĴȨԼߣǽ˵ġңָдǱҪƼظƾע俹
Ҷƺ͸гҩȻ׵Чûи¶ôֱۣܳԼԲ׼ԾֱӽͣˡָҲдҩܳɸ㲻ǵԭûá
ôĺܳңϲ̶ƷҲˣ϶ʲôġ
ҽԺ޷ǾǲշѡҿҩûΥҩ⼸
ܳÿ˲вҽûһЩǿƵˣ˵ҩˣҲǵһʱ䱻ܳͣˡ
ʿվ﷢κİҩֱӴҵ绰ġ
⣬һǾͻãСܣˡ
̶ƷǰվѲİ鵽ҽԺһʱ䣬Ҫϸҩ֪ҽףǣܹùͷ
Ȼȥ̲еڼܲ˵ҽһ£ÿɲõĶͣسʮСʱģȫͣͣģ
⣬ҲϽʱ䣬˳һԼҽ׼Ȼ󽻸СܣСתԺҪҵĹܴҽ
Ƕ֮鰵ת϶Ҫġʱ䣬ɲܳΪɱӺļ
˵꣬Ϳ˷Ͷ˸ΰ칫ҵſڡ
һʱҵƷڣȻｲЩʲôƷһʱҲǣ
ˣڽЩˣϽΡҲҪСƽʱڿиҽϰߣȻĻõ˴ù
ûֻǿܳһۣҡ
ʵʲôҶ֪
ΣΣЧܳɵҪߣʵܳɡܳ˲ƻÿ¸Ľ𣬱ȶҪöࡣ
ܳɻаеļЧϡ
ΪϴѧҽԺΣһܹõֿ۳һ֮Ҳһҡ
Ѿ˷˸ɳеˮƽҲ͡
ϴѧҽԺְ棬ֻҲʣˡ˵ֻ㹤ʣ˶ţʵ
õö࣬ΪܹܹܶôʴȻԡ
Ĭֻǵͷȥ

ֺƷ˰ѸϵҽͲ֮󣬾ˣֻ֮ǰͷ綼ǰ޸Ĳ齻ܳɡ
ѾסԺ꣬ϾҪˣԲһ飬Ĳ̫ˡԼ޸Ҳ覴á
Ȼܳɰ£˻󷽵ģֱ˿˳Էϣ̲ĺ̲裬ĳʲô˳뷹һӦȫ
һʿҲ˳Է
ڿһƬǽ壬ܳҲεؿЦ
סԺסԺסҽԺȻסԺġ
ʱܳɾͽӵ˶ֵĵ绰һ佲ľǣСܣǲǰ͵õʲô֪ͨȻûҽԺ



پʮһ Ժλ
ܳɲûϻش𣬶˼ӣʣΣ仰ʵģʵģԺʵģ
ܳѾ£⼸ͬĳƺŲͬˡ
ǲǿңԺҽԺĲʵġ
֪鲻ȷ˵
ֵûô࣬ЦСţʵٽڹҡ
ĿǰҽԺҽԼҩƽԺڵľ飬ĿǰҽԺǿûзر𡣡
ĿǰĹʡίԱᣬٽھͶôһ죬û˼
ڣ֮ǰ֪飬ܾãסԺ˼ѻյʱڵ㡣ܳǰ֪ġ
Ѳ飬ÿطУҲȥ뵽ſʼϰʱڵµط
֪Ļҿ϶ġ
ܳҲ֪ԼʽˣѹҪԼƽ⡣
רҵѧУһ֮⡣
˼ʹϵþӪĻҪӪЩ飬ƾʵԽƾԸӿٵĽ
õģ֪ˣСܣᰡ
ڣһ£ѲˣһЩ˭𣿡ܳɸ˳ƺ
Ŀǰ֪ġֵҲʮָӡ

գߵʮߡ
ڽ罻ǰ׼ְڡڡҽʦܴҽʦеĻʿһȱϯ
ֵҹĻʿһӦ˽
ΧŽĴӣվһӵˣÿ˵ɫǳࡣ
ελϣޱضͶϷʱ䣬һ
075736
075737

ڶֵλ붡ֲŵǻʿѦ徣ֱߵһƷڡ̶ڡ縱ڡڡҽʦˡ
Ѧ徵ֱߣŵǼܻʦȻǿбƵĻʿ
ڳţǲĻʿоܴҽһӦվţȻҲʵϰҽʵϰʿҲɪɪصʱ
죬ƷͲ̶ڣûҰֻóǵڳ˾ֻϣš
վŵȺУ˶ͣؼԼֻãͻȻڵĳţȻΪʸ֮ġ
ܶ˴С˺ܶࡣ
ڣ˰˵Ѧ徲ſ˿Ȼޱ飬˵ӣ㿪ڵʱ䵽ˣʼɡ
ֵҹܻʦſʼԺˡ˼֢˵ϸࡣ
̫ϸˣÿԺ˵ϡ䡢λԺʱ侫ȷ˷ӣˣеѪȷ˸λVACʱ侫ȷ˷ӣVACĿǰĸѹѹȷ1KPA
ʿֵҽ࣬Ҳ֡ϸⲹ䡯ǴͷβؿʼҽĽ࣬ҲϸذԺ˵Ϣ֢˵ѲĲ˵ѲѪǰ˵׼
ಡ˲ƽȣ⽻࣬ϡֵҽڽһ֮ʱ˰˵ʮ壬ڻʿ뽻β
ƽʱĻ࣬ʮ֮ǰͽˡ
ֵҽ֮Ѧ徲ʾΣཻˣֱȥ鷿𣿡
գգ۾Ȼ̵ؿڵҽ쵢һʱ䣬΢˵䰡
ţӦö⼸죬ҽԺձȽϽơҽԺɳеҽԺһһϵ£ҶҪһң
Ȼǰ漸죬ѾһЩ⣬ǣԽʱԽǲܹԴ⣬Խܹɾ衣
¸ǣĿǰ֪ģѲ˴ɳеԱǹǿƵ߼ڼ
ԣǧҪʲô꣬ЩŵǶ࣬ҶҪ֪࣬Ǳģ
ǱҪʼҽϰߡ
˵꣬һ򣬲ԽأҽҵǱҪǵƹ̣ǵĲٸϸһЩǵĻҲҪҽִУѻʵϸںճ֮С
˺ҽҵĹԱ֪ʶ죬벡˽ӴľǻʿоǹܴҽԹܴĻʿ͹ܴҽʵǶԲҪˡ
˵ҽ벡˼ĹͨȫǵϡǾҪԼӦþְ𰡡
ϸ»ԺһģҪѹĽתơ
˵굽⣬΢˶٣ֵ⣬ǿҵڡ̽ڻңԼǿϼҽʦҲҪԼεһҪøȫ棬ҽƹøӾ׼廯׼ضÿһ˵Ʒ˼ͷ˼
˼ǱҪģ˼ǼΪҪġҪһеģʽеϼҽʦһҪҽģ飬ҲϣǵĿ﷢
ңÿϼҽʦҲҪÿĲдд̸ǩֵȣǩͬݣҪһһϸϸϸв
Ȼ󣬶ֲ΢ѹС˵ⲻŻҺͱȴңһΣǱҪ´ȥĵġ죬ǿҵΣѾԺְ񣬵̳ԺְԺԺְ񡣡
ҵĻʿְڿƵΣͨƵΣƵΣҲְ
ǰпҵļЧϵķ֮һҡƼϱҼЧ֮ǰһ룬Ժµ
׷𵽵ף仰治ǿЦġ
ǵĹܴҽҲҪԼΪĿǰȻûо͹ѧѧҲûܵģȻѧܹԼѧܹȫ⴦ġ
ѧУϵͳȻѧбƣԲǱɡ
ְѻ֮ƷſڵǼȻûֱӹˣʵǹܴҽ飬Ƕ֪
涼ڴѧҽףǣѧ׶Σѧϰ׶ΣҪѧרҵ֪ʶͼܣȥѧһЩ߰Ķ
ȻҾϼҽʦҲûλĵطǿĿǰĽѧ̣̫ˡԣԺһЩסԺ𡣡
Ժǿңÿÿһνѧ鷿ÿһδѧ鷿ÿС۰ɡ
罻֮󣬶ֲû˵ʲôֻһ뿪ʱһʣѦ徣м̨ĸģ
Ʒġ̨ܹǿҵĽѾˡѦ德ǳϤ죬ûлؼңǳפġ
ţֵͷ
㣬ϸµ㣬˹øӵλ㡣ûϵÿȥ׷ٶȡ
õģΡѦ徵˵ͷ
Ѧ֮󣬾͵Сܣһ£е¡
ܳɴ˿׼ȥ鷿ģϾ춡ֶæòУ˲鷿ġ
õģΡ
ܳɾ͸˶ֵһ·˰칫
һԲ
ԴѲɰת֮󣬿ͺٿ֣ΣҲǱȥʲôط֪˶ٴλ顣
֪ÿԼÿҵĴΣڶкܶ顣
ܳҲʶ֣Զһıʣر
ҾʱڣܳҲסԺҪԼסԺְ
죬˵ҲˣҽԺﴦڶ֮
ȻҲҽԺϴѧҽԺɳеļҽԺаټίԱǱߣҲвˡ
Խʱ򰡣ԽҪ߾衢ȻˣܾͲֹһҿܻа˻ûת͵Ƿɾ衣
֮ҽĹƻҪģɹɣʱһְۼۼٿǮһ̨۵ܻѲǧǮҪ
ҲήͣҽԺһ֣һᰴģʽתÿ̨ģʽǣҽʦѲءеʿҰʱշƶȡ
ԸӯʱܲܳϷ治һ
סԺעһ㰡һЩСһ̨һ̨ʱѿмЧûˣǿҶǻܴġ
ܳʵ֪ҽĵˣҽҵʹڴʱڡֻĸˣٴҽҵˣһжǴҸģͲʵġ
һҵвԱнʾҽԺĽڡ
˻˵ҽҪҽ£ҪβˣҽΪơ
ǣô˵ˣһ㶼ûмҽ߻ʿģǸͲȥЩ˵ܻܲȥһʼվ˵µߵ˽С
Ҫ׬ǮͲҪҽ仰ǶԵġ
ǣⲢҽͲܹʸţҺڶǺģҺڶ޷νĸ߸ϵҽ£ǺεȿЦ
ڻҽҵ˲ȱڷǳرǶ뼱ơ
Ϊʲôһҽϵһнʴ
ٲֲȱǮ黳ߣ˭ԸǸȥꣿ
ҽйص¼ʱ򣬾򣬺޲ðȫеҽȥʱ򣬷ҽԺҽˣҪȣҪȡ
ǣ
Ȼأ
ȱڣ֪Ҫ֪꣬Զûпܲ
ϾӸбҵ㣬ʿҵܹҪʱʮһ꣬Ȼʿҵ֮󣬼ǵʡһҽԺҲһǮҵĹʣ۳һ󣬵ǧ
ҽѧҵĲʿ˵۲
ܳʵܹ׶ֻĿҲϢϢأҿͨ׬ЩǮһЩеأ
ô죿
Ӧô˵û˵һҽ£ͲҪҽˡ
Ǿȥ˰ɣ
ҽѧϵѧӡ
ÿ걨ҽѧרҵ𽥼١
ӦþǴ󲿷˶ϲּģҪҽµҽܹκòҽҽƵķһδʩϲ顣
ÿðëǮκãǾҽ¡֪ëǮҩȴѾһٴõҩ
ʲôʡǮͺá
Σ׽ڣӦûʲô°ɣܳЩĵʡ
˵֪СϢľǣٽڿְܻȥ˽ҽԺʡУннɡ

ܳͻأĻ˶סˡ
ٿְܻȥ˽ҽԺ
ʵҲ٣ҽԺƤƣѾкü˸ȥҽˡڵнȵҽɣȵҽҲö࡭
Ҳ˽Ӵңһûãôֱ׵˵ţܳɣʲô顣
ܳΪ
ħʱҲһְĲʿȥҵ
ڣ׽ںҲܳĲϣλ뿪İ
ϴѧҽԺĿǰͷչȽλһߣôеĽλ»һٽ
ܳԭûʲô飬ڣѾ䶨ϣҽԺչõġ
ôżģڿЦָܳɡ
Ȼֿ˸ЦΪ㣬Ҳô׾ϾòײŰսܹܻȥԺû̫ѪҺ롣
ҵͿˣȥֻһ
ҪôҽļЧ͹ȫҪôҽȫףȻ߶û취ȥ
ҽѧǰߵġǱ˾ģ
ӴΧӴݿģģҪſѧʵ


پʮ Ѳ飡
ִϵĶܳɲۡ
ڣ⣬һʱǶġ
ȥУôһΣٴҪľĻƴҵӶ̫ùͲ֪վжܹܳɸпһ䡣
ûӹȥֻ˵ʵһˣҪˣСǻᣬдʱ䡣
ܳɵĿ˸һ£ϸشһ¶ֱ֮˵ΣҿҪҲˣ
ԽѧԽ˵ȤҵٿԳԵңܳɻҵУõԽԽĻøС
ʼҽѧȥѧרҵ뷨ܳѾȴĿǰһѡĻᣬܳɻǾԼҽѧϼչȥ
ΪҲҪһܸȻҲãֱҲգԡ
ڲУҪУҪԼŶӡ
˼Ҳǲ鵽ܳɵһЩ£Ȼ˵СܣˣԼҲҪעϢ
ٹؼʱ̣˲ȻǵһλԼ塣
ллΣȥһ˰ܳЦЦѾûؼˡ
϶û˵ˢϴϰ߻
ϰһޣ˻ͼȷ⡣
ܳ˳ΰ칫Һ󣬱ȥסԺ칫Һ˯
ֻǣܳɻû˯ã͵Ŷ
ܳɸ磬ҽԺһС顣
ٽڵĲʿѾͨѧλ磬ѧˡϾ񾪿֣ǲ֮ɫ
ܳɱײѣǶϾ󣬲δֻ۾ʣϾˣ
û˵ͼʲôϵϾ΢ָһ㱾ɫһ겻ܳɣټܳʱôš
ܳɳڵְλ֮ǰڰҽԺʱ̫һģҵϤĸо
˵ĻǼٵģʦѧˣܳԼ㿪ֻһʱ䣬145530
ٿһסԺϿֻûδӵ绰ȻסԺֻˣԼûӣ鷳ͿɴСˡ
ۣܳŵģٽǱ߶æ£ٽڵĲʿǲʿ꼶ܳһֱû
Ҳ˵ˣ˵ĿкٴΪƽʱҲϽҷ˲¡
ţһƭ
ԼɡһϡϾֻøܳɡ
ܳɽӹһ۵һЩ̸
ۣʮ꣬һװ˶ʡˣ
塣
ũͥһȥ˹ͷ2011ӶжпʡǴѧ߿¶ʮźţ־Ըĸĸ˹ϵ־Ըˡ
۱ѧרҵǹ̹ľǲ档ĳٴҽѧ
ʮţȥ֪֮ͨʧ˽ʱ䣬Żص
ȥ˸ѧУſڣŸĸζӣЭˡ
20121£۾˰ѧڵѧҽ۷ԼĲϲѧҽѧаѧȥż˴򹤽£ȻѧԺʦĸ˵绰űĸ֡
Ǳƻص˼ҡ
Ϊ۵ĸǴѧûҵۺ󣬵ʱಡȥ˺ǴѧڶҽԺȡ
֮ۻص˺ǴѧʵʵѧҵеĿγȫˣûһſڰʮϡ
ʵֻǱϷ˷ֻõҵ֤ȥԼĸĸһѡ
ʱ䣬һʮ߸ϷԹдС˵ԹԼСɶʧܸա
µܳɲ࿴֮󣬶ϾʦȻоҲ˲ʿһֱΪ׼ģ˼⡣ֱѧˡ
ʵʦ˻ģĿǰѾ˺üƪsciˣֻû뵽һеΡ
ǣûҽɡ
ϾЩпҲʮΪۿϧ
˵Ȼרҵоרҵ͵ĲʿǺٴϣ˶ʿͲʿ׶Σǰͻѱҵ¸ˣ֮󣬾Ҳˡ
رǲʿ׶ΣҲӵġ
ܳɿϾ˸ȷۣǽֵܳ߮磿
ڣΪ˽Ͼ֪Ͼ鿪ЦܳɾΪϾǰ߮
ѧҽ־Ըһ·ʿУȵԼúð
Ͼһ£˲һ飬Ͻͷҡһ˹ģ
ΪܳôѣϾûⷽ濿
òƣǰƣҲʦʮƵľ
ܳɸ磬ֵܰôôϾæַġ
ʦǴȥʲôأϾ֪𣿡ܳʵҲǺ۵ΪΪԺѶȣʡҽɳҽԺ϶ġ
˵ȥдС˵ˣͼ˺ܶΣͬˡĽȶ飬һдС˵˫׼۱ȽԼֳ⵵£ҲǾÿܵҽûǰ;˰ɡ
Ͼô˵ţ̧ͷܳɣܳɸ磬õҽòð
ϾôʣʵһЩС˼ġ
ϾļﲻԣҪɳ򷿵Ļʲô֧֡ŮԺҽԺ﹤ĻһֱּЧĻƵõܾõķūˡ
ܲҵһ׵Ĺδ֪
ɳеķӿɲˣٵҪײУһ׹һױѧ
ܳ׶ΪҪԼǾ仰ˣԭԭ
ô˵߮ǲǴѧʲô۴߮ѧʲôϰߣҲһ
ǰ֮ôȻҪܳɵʲôġ
ܳ˵ϾǲҽĻȥأʦǴӴѧѧʱͿŸˣ׼ʮ꣬ŵԳɹ
ǵĻ
Ͼ͵ʵȥҽҩ˾ﵱҩȥƷзǸɣȥ˾знʴҲء
˵һʦ֣ҵȥ˿нѾʮˣս˰õֵľѾʮҡ
ȻڹʡǱߣȽϴ󣬵нɳ򷿣϶Ҫõöడ˵н
˾ΪṩһЩʵģ߾ԸһЩʵ飬ȻֱӴӿǮ
ʵʿȥĹ˾ĻԼɻֱӰ˼·ó֮һԱͿˣȻֻҪںͿ̸ʵʱóԼӦʵɡ
ȵҽɶˡ
Ͼȥ𣿡
˽ҽԺЩط
Ͼҡҡͷʱ롣
Ͼûѻ˵ȻǷǳϣһҽģԺĵҽû취Է߰ӹúĻȥЩطġ
ôȹӰ
ܳͬ䣬ڶʿüҵùʡ
ŮûӰδĸɲΪҽҵ͵˲ǮûǮder
ȺúöɣпҲУȡԺԺ֮Ҫǲ׵ģ˵㡣ܳҲֻôο
ʵܳﻹһ㣬ҪöϾȥȨˣһֻ󻧡
ܳԼԸ飬ƶϾҲ
ỵ֡
Ҳֻˣܳɸ磬ȥڼܲڼҽ˰ѧԺмʵϰһ𿪻ЩʲôϢһȻһȥܻ
ֻóȥ飬ʱ㡣ϾϽ˵
ҲɵܳڵְλǺܸߣҹҲͣҲ۰ǶϾۿġ
ָֺܳüûؼˡ
ּܳʱϴѧҽԺǽӵһʮذըϢ
ָڸճΪԺ֮ĵڶ죬ͽӵʡίԱϢ
ӹίԱ֪ͨܳɼѲ飬ʱҹħãϢй¶κˣָ֪ͨȥ
ָճΪԺϢʱͷƤ͵һ飡
ȷܵǰԵĶݺݵز˼¡
ָûܳɵֱϵʽûϵҪҲԼ飬ָȻѡԼ顣
ңܳҲ֪ܳɽҽԺʱ˲ƻǸԺǲ˵ġ
ԣָһִȥ˵绰
֮󣬱ݼ١֪ҽԺʲôֻס˾ƵȥĻڣӵ˶ֵĽ绰ڣϻصң
Σ߻мٵİڻһ¡
ϻһʱסԺܳе񡣽ϣҪˣֲɣ
УϸϻڶһεؿԼš
һ߰ɣҲӵ֪ͨҪҾϻȥ
û취ʱǶ֮

ϣ°֮İҪúܳûʱʱȴǷܳɷһϢ
Ҫʱȥе飬ǳԾû֪ͨˣҲҪҴ绰
Сʺš
ⶼ춼ûˣҪȥ


پʮ һѵ
ܳɴ˺üε绰˽
ʶΪܳǳʲô飬ϾǸţըϴѧҽԺɳаҽԺҲǷ׷׹
±͡
Ȼ󲿷˶ãɳаҽԺ͵ʸûУ
Ҳ֮£һˣǾϰϡ
ĵ绰֮ͨ󣬰ϵʹ˹Сߣ㲻Ҫ绰ˡҲҪٸСܴ绰ˡû¡
֣Ϊʲôʡ
Ҳܸ㣬Сܿ϶û¡Ҳش⡣
ҲħھҽԺйӴģǴӰй¶ȥˣ˾ֻ鷳

ֱܳ˷ɻһ±Ƶ״̬
Ȼ֪ԼȥĿʲôܳɴû뵽ֲ¾ȻֵԼͷϡ
ϾԼǸΰһҽԺסԺ
ֶûԼ绰ҲٽڴģεָԺԸԼĵ绰
ܳɵĻƱҲûǰҪܳԼʱ
ҵõ֪ͨǣܳҪȥħȻѲϣңϵĵص㣬˭ӣϵʱ䣬֪ġ
ֻǵõֻ֪ͨһȸȥħ
Ҫȥ˰绰ЯԼ绰ĺ룬Լ֪ܳڿλãŲ֪˭ֻૡ
ԼֻѾˡ
ַԼ˽
һһҪĵ㣬Ǿܳûжֽ𣬴󲿷ֵǮ֧΢棬пܳ˹档
һſ棬ǧ顣
˷ɻȥ˾Űٶ࡭
˶ٿϵ»ܳȫ¾ֻǧǮ
Ǯȥħ£˵Ͷˡ
ܳɵǣܿͱˡܳ˷ɻ绰ֻܹ֮ͨϾͽӵһ绰
ܳܽ𣿡
ոսӵϼ֪ͨϵܽ㡣ԷԱ˼š
ܳȻԹǿƵĽ֪һЩȴԲ֪ԷݣãܳɣСܾͺá
ħֶܳ˵
ܽڣڵλãҲֶġ鷳Ϲһ£ϰɡԷʹôһϢ
½аСʱҵǸȽƫƧĳվڡ
ٴδ˵绰ȥſһӵĵ绰Ͳ󣬲ʮ꣬վøͦΣһЩվ˵ĸо
˵˲ܹ࣬ˡ
ܳڴ绰ǹĵ绰ͬʱתڿܳɵ󣬹ҲͷܳɣȻôᡣ
һλһλŮͬ־ʮµͣŮҽͨжͣǼΪò顣
ܳɸܵ˶ԷĿڴԼ֮󣬱Ͻǰȥ˵ܳɣոͨ绰
ڴ֮ǰܳԺڵĴѲ鶼ûнӴˣĲ֪ôܹһѲԱĻʺ̬
ܳɽгԼ֣ȷ˾ܳɡ
Сͣʵ̫Ҿѽӭ㣬ܳɡסĵĲӿ˵˵֡
һֻܣλǽʡҽƴѧһҽԺķƼڡ
ڣλСˣҲǵһʶ֮㣬ѵῡܡƺرóԴǡ
Ƽ֪ܳɽʲôģҲһֻ֣֮ܳ󣬲˵Сͣĺݺݵһ
˵ţظžȡ
ֻܳЦ
ҲǼ˵е㲻Ϊ˵ˣƼδԣֻ˵ǻҪˣȻҪȥƵˡ쿪ʼҪʼˡ
ˣ
ܳһݣϾͻȻ
ѲôܲˣܹЩʲôЩˣӦöһһġ
ûã˾ٴεȵˡ
һˣȻҽѧģԺǵĲڡһˣҽѧģʮҵꡣ
ܸɴ䣬˵֣Ҳ֪ľݣк粺ܲ
̫ܲǷ
ڴȥǰԤֻ֪ľƵ귽ʱ˸ʣڣȥƵ֮󣬾ʲôŰڿ֪飿
粺Ҳƺһεȥ򣬲̫֪顣
鳤ӦСĸˡ
ҲЦҡͷ˵Ҳ֪ô
ƼĿⲻ̫ƽ˸ҡͷ˱飬Ŵ㵣ȻҲǵһ顣
ܳɾ͸˵˸±ƣͺǼһĵ׻һֱĴ̼
ֻǣִ̼δ̫á
ĵӣܳɼ˵齵һӴԱľƵʱ֪ﻹĸˡ
ĸˣ֮ǰ͵ħġ
ǣһЩʱͷ֣ĸ˳ǰִ֮⣬Ҳǲ̫֪ǵǡ
ڵĵ
棬Ҳһҽѧҵģ˷ֱСԼУϽڣΪɺΪʵ
ʲʲôؼϢǼ˵Ĳʳȴǰź˵ġԵĲǾƵִʳá
ζĲ˼˴󲿷ˣ죬ܹҵϤĿζ
ܱǻصλʳö˰ɡ
Թ֮Ҳûͣ
ܳע⵽ر֮еλе֮䣬ڷ̽
ԣ飬ҲһС飬ҲǼලѲСԱڲɵˡ
Ȼյ̽ζġ
ҲСӣܾͨʡ
ڲûдĿлϢ©
ܽǣڣѲСĴͷˣȻǷҽѧЭԱܳɵˣЭڣɸҽԺڲĸѲ
Ŵ󲿷ֽڣԺʿĸܴȨ
ʱһ鴦ʵʲôߣġ
ܳɾЩֵһǣѲСĻʲô֪ҲûѡȨҲίԱӴǵȲ
黹ǰã
ǲ
ЩһŲ֪һУ
ңĿǰΪֹûħ˺ǹӴ
ϣܳɻصԼڵľƵ귿䣬Ŀ˼İϤķУ֪ô˵
ܳѾûִ̼ĸоˣֻǾãͷƤе㷢顣
Ҫ֪ڣֻһҽʦǶְƺʹѡ
ǿʦˣҪȥױ˵ɱȨǴɻ䡣
ûԸ˽Ӵġ
ħļҽԺܹѲ鶢ϵˣҪôǸҽԺҪôħ󼸸ҽԺҪôǾҽԺ
Щλ棬һóȥȫĽڣ
һĲʲôԼǸ˵ǲ˵
ڲеȥ飬϶ܹһЩ©һ©˭ԭסԺҽʦԼ˽¿ģ⣬Ǹ⡣
ùģϵùģסԺҽʦΣǸڡǴĽڡ
˵ϴѧҽԺԺǿƵٴΣᱻ
û˻ȥ׷Сҽ鷳Ǵ
˵ⲻĸڿ̣һֱ̾ӵԺǴμȥˡ
᲻ˣ
ҪϸϸؾĻѵúܡ
סԺҽʦһϼҽʦ˼Ȼԩһˣô飿
ͨ¼
ϼϣ
㲻иƨã
˵ҵκ⣬ξûˣΪûεͬ⣬ҩѹͽ˿ǵһ׼

ǵ˵鰡ܳŴ⣬п
ͰҲĲ죬Ҳû˿飬ѹҲе
ܳĲ֪Щ٣ôǸλõģű˵У˭˭ǡ

ŵ˾ŵӵʱ
ܳⲻԼֻϣӵĵ绰
ڡû죬ϣܳҵµĶ
ȻܳһΣûȥѡģȥģ⣬׻ᷢʲô£Ϊյϸ̫٣
ңܳɾģϵĻᣬٴͼӺʣǵΪȥ˽ᷢʲô顣
Ǿе᱾ĩˡ
ҽҸոյõϢҪȥĵһλħھҽԺǿƣҪǿĲ
ҸոʹλڣͷܳҽǹǿƵרҵԵʱѲܾҪҽΪˡʮƽͣһйµζ
һ²ؼ߸߹ζ
⻰һܳɵɫ͵һ䡣
ԼħھҽԺ
ħھҽԺĹǿƣǿһ/ƣ˶ҽѧˣĲǹؽƣ岡ǹǲ
ǿĲΣƽڣ
ǿĲȨˣʵϾγԺʿ
ƽ˭ʦ֣γĶʦ
ҽþûܳɻػΪܳûźŲãٴһ
ڣõģҸոˣֻǾú⡣ܳ˵
Ҷ໥͸ףǹǿƵˣ֪ǿƵķƣԶԹǿƵܳɲעҲǳе顣
ˣܳҲû͸ԼǿĲĶԹ
ҪһˣĿǰҲڹǿĲ
ƣ
ܳƣһδڼ仰࣬绰ûС
ܳɾˣڰҽԺѧģľģܹҽԺǸطʦ
ӺܳɹҶ˵绰
˼ȫޣܳǴδ뵽ԼĵһѵȻȲصԼʦţ


پʮ 찵
Ÿˣÿһ
ħίԱṩģ˳˾֮⣬һίԱĸΣΡװģͷӴúܸɾ
˺ܾҲ
֮˵ڣίԱᣬרŶԽϹѲ鹤ġǮ᳤˵ڳҪȥҽԺħھҽԺ
һվǹǿƵĹǿĲһվѪڿƵѪܶǴӾŵ㵽ʮ㣬Ǵ㵽㣬ǰɣ
ûҰڽں鳤ļӣˣΡ
Ҳû˵飬ģİš
಻࣬Ҫˡ
ʱ䰲űȽϽѾݵĵطڣǳԹûгԹĻҿʱšκܿʣЦ
ϵĹҪȴҪģȻѲ˵ħھҽԺ˽Ӵ
ΣѾʳͲˣʱҲˣǾ׼ʱϵɡΪ鳤ҵʱ䡣
ȻǱʱǲҲû֪ҪЩʲô͵ˣ
ǾͳɣŹκʶȤߵ˸ʻλȻ񳵺Ĵռ˳
Ȼҿ˫ȴϸ
Ǽ񣺡Ǵ˴ѲĹصҪôһסԺʱƽסԺʱ䡣ڶǷϡдǷһ£壬ҩ⡣
УסԺʱƽסԺʱĺ㣬Ҫɺ粺ƳŮʿ˸𡣺Ƴ𣿡
粺þڷҽѧרҵԱĸ㣬ҽѧصġ
粺Ͻ˱ʼǱż¼õģڣͲ֪ǺҪעЩʲô
Һõص㡣
ҪǿסԺʱסԺڡԺڡڡסԺڡǰסԺڡԺʽԺͨȣ˵
Щصͱ˼˱ʼǱϣȻͷ
Ȼţ벡ǷǺϵ⣬Ҫͷҽ㸺ˡ
ҪĹصУǷȼƥ䣬ҽʦȨǷְƥ䣬ǷԽʱ⡣
ҽЩ棬ǹǿרҵģһˣܷæùʡ
ܳɾæ˵ڣҾѺȡ
ڣҪģֻԺ߰ɣܳɽѹʡ
˵ͷδԡ
дǷһ£벼˲顣ҩǡ
Ǻ˲صֱǡҲһһ˰š
ܹŸˣܳһ˵һ飬˶ϣֱ˲ĸҪ㣬ٴеĹؼ
ңϸķ֣ע⵽ˣˣڿˣҽѧˣһλҩƵԱ
䱸ǱȽȫġ

˵ʮ֣ܳһ˾ħھҽԺδֱӳ¥ȥ
Ȼ飬ǣ϶ҪԺڵһЩġ
ӴˣԺǣͷλԺҽ񴦵ΡҩƵΡҵĸˣƴεħԺʱ齨ԺڶԱ
һҲоŸˡ
һˣܳʶģħھҽԺƳ
ԺȫȺɽһӲߣĺݵСͷʮ־ӵʱ򣬾Դҷ緶ӭԺָӲ졣
Ȼ˫֡
ȪɽΪħھҽԺԺļ͵λҪҪ߲ٵģǷƽħԺԺδ㡣
ʱȴЩŵģԶסѹԺָҵȿʼɣ쵽ʱˡ
úúãǸùΪءȪɽû˿ӵ˼ֱ˸˵ĺ棬һ·һվĹǿĲζȥ
ǿĲܳû
ܳɶǸϤģҽ칫ҡΰ칫ҡĴΣλڣһȺʿ˶ʿоܳйһ֮Եġ
γû
ཻˣһƣǿĸסԺվڶ棬Ȼҽ칫ҵϣڷŸָļۡ
һǶںںȻѧ˶ʿоѧԲʿоҲǰ˿ȴո
ˣһҲȽϤǾǶ㡣
㱾˶ҽѧģֿơ
˵ľ񶼲ôãҲǰ͵õ˷ħԺҲ࣬ҹͰԺв˵Ĳ϶ˡ
ܳɼΪϤĴʦƽڣӭڡԺΣλ쵼ӭλҿӲ칤
Ѿǰص׼ˣλ쵼ģһЩҲʱȡġƽ˿̵̬ȣ֮ǰܳ˽⵽ģȫһ
ܳɼǵԼ֪ǵڼοƽʱƽ̬߰ôԲ
ʡʱƽ᳡Ĵ󲿷˶ᣬֻǸһ
¼Լȥġ
ԺǴŹǻڣҪѲڴӣԺҪЭ顣ǿһҪϺð
һεѲԭǣӦ龡飬鳹ףв⣬ҪʵҲһʵԺҲҪʵ
ڣ֪ڸôʲôأ
ԣ˵ɣԺȻԺѾôѲ飬ӲݣԺЩˣڲסԺһݳĵаɡ
Ժ϶ᰲźѲ鹤İɣ
⻰һȺɽƽԼƳ˵ɫǴ䡣
ʲôأ
ԲĲһУǰ
ǲ˺ͼĻרҵ
ȺɽɫҲҲס֮ǰЦˣ⻰˳ڽģǿ϶ڿЦġ
ҲڿЦֻó˼񣬷ַȥΨܳɡ
˵ǿĲһʮŴλа˸ˣÿ˸ŴĵУеݣ֮ǰѾԽӺˣҿʼɡ
ҽԺһ𣬶Ӳ졣԰ɣ֮ǰҲԽӺ˵ġĻǻ
ܳһԿǰ
㵽׺ҶԽʲô
ܳɵﻰڵƶûмӣҪԩͷϿʺѽ
ܳǲҵ沵Ļġ
õģڡܳӲͷƤͷ
˱ͳҽ칫ҡ
ˣ׼ƽԼĽڣ˼һƽ˵ڣҪɼܴҽȥɣò˺ͼǵݡ
պߵ칫ſڣҲ˵Ҳá
ȻһоסԺҽʦ̶ȻסԺҲС
Ϊ˱ӣҲǳҽ칫ҡ
ȺɽҲټŵɣʮֳԲ׼һҪʲôѵҪͨ˵ĵУͰǿҺҽԺԶˣ
ƽٻܳʱܳҡͷ£Ȼ˵ڣԺǿʼɣһεĹģҪǡ
ܳɰݶ˵˳
칫ҵϣڷŵľϡ
ȺɽҲû취ֻȥ鰡
ǿܲ
ǾѾһ飬רҵԱġ
ǲ֮ǰѾסԺҽʦأɸ飬һ©Ҳ΢ɲСë
ӡ
ֻǣᵱԲĲһףȫû׼ģ׼Ҳȥʲô
ôȥƼ˼أ
Ȼ󣬽ļСʱʱܳɾøġ
ƪϣȫǼΪרҵԵģϵˣԹһ顣
˵覴ú©ˣ׼£ܱҵ©ħھҽԺҲͲˡ
ڵæǻȳڲͲ졣
Сʱÿ˰Сʱĵýһȡ
ңݶں˵Щʲôưֱͣһǻ죬רųģһ·߹ȥ¡
֪ģΪĵĲѡ
ںػɣЩ˶ǼΪƵĽڣʱ뵽ڲ
ôһסԺҽʦ޴֣֪ôˡ
ܳߣÿһӲҪ㣬ħԺѲԼд
ǾҳһЩС©ɵ۾Щˡ
ȼ벡ֲƥ飬Ǿ͸˵ˡ
MDоԵʽIVȨ޵ģôder顣
ҩ⣬Ѿģκ⣬ȥѾͣҽ
ǲ鵽ˣҲʲô⣬Ѿڲ˳רҵԱס
ҩָô㲻ǲҩҲá
Ȼæرȳʱ
ƽȻӵһ绰
Ҷ˵绰֮ƽ͵ܳɷһȥͫ׽
ܳɵɫãš
ƽ˹ȥʣħѲ飬мΪʲôлɽˣ
ܳתͷƽ֮ǰһͼơ
Ȼҡҡͷڣ˵Ҳ֪ڶ֪ʲô𣿡
ܳˣһʲôѲ飬ֻһӣ
ϵĿ꣬ʵа飬֪µ
һεĶ̫̫ˡ
ħԺΪעͷ˵ķġ


پʮ г
ƽɫƽƺܳɵ˵ǲ⡣
ƽֻǼѹܳߣ㱨״Ҿ˵ѹʦԸִˣԭԭ򡣡
ֻһǹ
ܳҲ΢ƫͷʣڣεҽԺͻɽҽԺô£֪𣿡
ɽҽԺҲǹǿƵĴƣҽԺͨơ
ͨҲ飬Ҳǵ˴ùһελãĿǰȻûʲôƵȴˣ϶ҲҪ
ҲҽԺﳣЩ£
ɽֵùҵǲǵĲѲˣùǱҽˣӦöҵ˼ɣƽ˵Ϊɬ
ƺҪһЩǱĶύܳȥ˽ġ
šܳôش֮󣬾ƽһξ롣
ʲôᣬЩ˶ħԺˣѲˣ˭ܳɶѾȫȷˡ
ܳɼͰؿصĲϣҲëõҵһЩСëָ˳
ʱߵʮһʱڵ˶Ѿնˡ
еĲ϶ѻһ֮
ѲҲ͵˽ˡ
ΪףڵħԺͰšȻдڵȥҽԺһǰԤõľ¥İ
εɫرãҲر𻵣ܿؽڣˣҪԼĹòϸ¡
ħԺҽԺˣħίԱᶼҲ޹⡣
ȻҲĴڣǲ֪ġ
ȻҪɳѲĵҪġ
οҽҵıĶ࣬飬ڲͣػܣͣѰŸָԭҪ飬
Σ࣬Ƿ֮¡
ȥĿңĿǰĵ鱨ԣǷǳõģǳ׵ȽѧҽԺĳʩԺ˵ĿڱЩ˶Ŀõġ
ǵĹָѲϵҲǸΪ֮ˣȻߣλԱ
ҲȽ̵ġ
ڣллϿɣϿɣǶǹĿ϶˵Ȼ㰲һһ
գξͽӵһ绰׼ģ˱ע󣬾ϸǸ뿪ٵ뿪˰ᣬιһ
ȵһߣ
Ƽ˶ͬʱվ뿪ȥ˰֮ϲƼھվѰŸˣȻתͷ潻ѲҪǹغ͹硣
رǸߺĲĿҡԿǻơҡǿơơѪڿΪ
һΣħԺѪڿƣҪصѲݡ
沼һҪѲ鹤
ܳȻִסˡ
ת֮ڣһȦ֮󣬾ͷ֣ҲеµġƺһҲ֪Ƶġ
ȷƼͻȻúܶ˶顣
ԣ·
ܳ뵽ˣһοʱڳܹˡ
ԼƼڡ
ϵԼԼΪΪھѲ鳤
ʵ鳤Ѳ鸺ˣƵڿƵķƼڡ
ңһѲҪݾѪڿƣôѲĺľ͸ơ
ȥǿƣȫ۷
ܳҲӷɾ裬ȻлɳˣиӴ©űꡣ
Ƽٺܿ죬ܳɺͲ˱䵽ȻסԺʱռ飬ģ˵кĲǷڱӡ
Ƿáõ˵ɷƼԸ
ң֮ǰڰŵҪѲ֮⣬˼
סԺָסԺҩǷϹ涨ۼ¼֢ϸ¼
ЩݣҪܹĶͲˡ
ٻ֮ǰǡǰһӽ˰
ڲķƼڵĻһ䣺ڣѵˣҲרҵģεҪڣӦȥڰ
ڣ˵Ҫѯ
ζûⳡϷܳɶҪˡ
κܿǸ˽ʵǲ˼ڣһȽҪĹ绰Ѳˡ
֪λרҳԺûУѾˣǾȥϢĵطϢһɡ
ѾźסԺķ䡣
ҲǸϷʽллΣǾȥһɣһʮ֣Ǳ뼯ϵѪڿƹǿƶ
Իֻʣ°Сʱʱˡעʱ䣡
꣬һεķֱ㵽˽ˡ
ҲûֻΪע̫ľڵϢķ֮󣬱Ҵ뿪ˡ
ӦǻҪţҲ˵׼ʱٻЭͬѲ顣
ȻӣҲҵ
ıڼһʣҲǸ鷳顣
Ϣڼ䣬ܳЩ
ʵ绰ƽڣѹסʶ
ħԺԣܳûʲô飬ǲӰ쵽ԼʶЩˣô˭£˭£ܳû˿ϵ
ǣӰ쵽ƽˡ
һǲ˵棬һʦʦֵܵǰ;
ܳɻӾᡣ

ܳɷԼԽԽѪˣѾû˺ܾ֮ǰζ
ǣ
ʵʣǾǴΧʣǼĳһҵĳһְҵʡ
£õʡ
磬һʮ
վɴѪڿƣԺЭԱ࣬ΨͬľһλԺΪŵԭδԵ
ȺɽԺ˵ģȻǳһӣͷǳϵڿ顣
ֻȺɽôһʱС벽
ȻƼվǰһھǿٵذ˸ָ
һһӦ֮󣬱վڿסԺҽʦȫɱ۾
סԺҽʦǶͷ̲ϸ
ҪԽ߼ҽԺԽ٣ʷ෴ġ
ħԺѪڿƣأĲԱȽ϶ġ
ѪܶһѪڿΨһһѪڿרƵСICU춼ˡ
ңѪܶҪҵΧ˹֧ܵڿ֮вĿ֮һ
һЩҽǲͣģΪҪշѵģҽͣˣ󹩻ҪǮǾֻҽԺ
ټϣ
һ䣬ڶЩ
ڷƼڵ棬ʲô׼Ѿˡ
ɷƼȴûЩϷԸ˿ʼ
ܳҲֻ£ȥ˲ԺڡԺڵصݡ
ͳЩǳݣ˵飬ܳʲôûз̫ע
ǣЩϾĿ⣬ƳвٵҪһԽнͣƼԼλ粺ƳȴѾʼһһĵǼǹ
ѹû˵Ľ͡
һѲͷûκ˸ҷҲû˸ӡ
ƼͻȻǸԲ׼һΣʲô˼
ʱ仺ţƼͺ粺˵רҵԣѾû˻ˡ
ң⣬Ҳǲˡ
٣ܳɾͿһλڣѾǶͷǴ󺹣աѾʼ
ֽͣź
ѲٶȱԤûҪÿ졣
ʱԤĻҪ硣
ĵʮƼѾˡ
ڷƼ뿪ʱλ뿪ĸԺѾˡȻȺɽԺһ·ŷƼڣҪ˵Щʲô
ħίԱΣѾǰٷ֮ȷҪˡ
ԣػһȺ뿪ħھҽԺȺɽ˦аͳƨɺ֮󡣲̽ԵʣڣڣһεѲݣҪ𣿡
ܲܣڲദһ£ʹ˺ܶ飬ôһȽϡҺ񡯵飡
ҪѲͲĽǾԲһģ
ΣҲҪѲݣѪڿƣԣҲʵذصϱδõĻ
ΣΪⲻܹġƼǳǸ˵
Ҳ°
İţȥҲ˻ֻǻỻһˣ˭˵Լأ
ⲻһҲһβ룬
Ժ飬϶ҲȨġ
Ҫߴȱһɡ
֪ˣڣ鷳ˡ˴
һЩ⣬ǷǳԵġ
رҽƹȵ⣬ΪҪҽƹȣҵڲ˶
飬ա
鵽ˣǾӦննġ
ҽƣǱ̰ص⡣
ֵƣӦġ
ûûУΣ֮ʱҶѴҲ⡣
ǲҪץͣͲ֪ˡ
ЭͬѲˡǵѲ񣬿ܻҪζһ¡Ƽֱ׵ô˵
һ֣Ҫ㣬㻹ΪŸС
ε˵ͷӦõģڡ


پʮ ˻ίУ
뿪󣬷Ƽڵ˱ص˾ƵϢ
ܹϢģܳͨԱƼڶˣҪٰѲ鵽ϱ
һԼװúõشһ󣬱ĬĬ˷Ƽڷš
ƼĬذŴˣ˽ȥ
ƼȻŴˣҰ˽ʣڣ֪ʲôָʾ
ϣ鳤ƼǸЭĸ鳤ǣʵϣƼ֧Ѳ鳤ֹѪڿƵѲ顣
Ϊ죬ߡ
ԼͻȻ鳤ڻӦ֮¡
ڲδֱ£ʾƼȰŸϣ˵ڣѲݣڴϱ
ϵѲ飬ȻǷϵģôȻܹĶ̫࣡
ΪѲ鳤ħԺѾ˺ЩӴ
ħˣֻҪҽѧҵڣ֮ڣԼȦʡ
ûõ绰ɻˣ㵽ڵֻ룬Ĺ
˽ɼӲʡ
ڴԺ⣿ƼȻѾǵʮ֮꣬㣬ΪڵʣԼһһҲȥСŮӣ󷽷
ִ󷽣ּҾţĲѧš
ڣҵ˼Ҿѯһ£ҾϷæ˵
Ƽû͸¶û飬򲻴һЩ֮ǰôͻҰʵ뷨˵
Ƽ˵ڣε鳤鵽ϣնϱĹŶԡ
ϵĹǿ϶ҪģڼȻΪ鳤ô͸Ҫȥ㱨ġס
·Ƽô
MDǴһģԼô㱨ԼܹúҪһ߾ʵ㱨
δ˵Ƽڱ˵ڣһᾡذЩϻһµģûأ
һ¹˼
Ұҵˣʣµľȫ鳤ôˡ
ˣһЩƼ˹ǻװⲻۣǴǻۣһж߸
õģڣ֪ˡ߶ˡҲʶȤܿ˳˷Ƽķ䡣
صԼķ֮֮ɫ
ħʱΪԼΪѲ鳤մմϲ
Ѳ飬µ˵طҪѲ飬Ǻεȷ֮£ͬ¶Ľ
ħ֮󣬾ĬĬӴףҪر򵥣ر֣ͺá
ֻر֡Ķͱʮˡ
Ѳ飬Ǵһλġ
רҵˣԸͬĵط͵λÿ˽ӵҲһ
ƼѲѪڿʱͻȻ˲֪ݷҽĳԱ˭֪Ǿʲôݣ
粺ΪһԱȴѪڿƵĶϤרҵģһŮʿҲΪϻ۸ӦҲǷˡ
λרҵˣǶܲ鵽ûһ֮
˵Сܳɰɣͣͳš
27꣬רҵѲ飬谡棡
ʮҽѧɮٷ֮ʮŵ˶ͣڽͬһ߱ܳɾѾվǵͬλ
ٶȱܹ鵽ܳĵλһһ߳ġ
رħԺǿ׼ｨ΢ǿƣܳɾǿ֮ˣ
һҵĿ֮ˣһ˦󲿷һˡ
ϸǴţܳɣվԺʿ
ħԺȴҪħԺô׸òðħԺף
Ϊʲôûܳɱӣ
ܾᣬãջǾãѹп룬ҪһЩԣʵϱɡ
ڣҲû취˰ɱҰૣľ

ͬʱ粺ܳɵˣҲǷ׷װѸݻܷ˷ƼÿһݣԷ˭߲˭
ܳɰĸӺ֮¼Ϣ˵ڣܳɣĽѲݣѾϣͷһ¡
˷꣬ǰеظһ飬ֻǰϢ±༭һ¡
֮ܳɾʹϢˡ
һβǹǿƱˣȻĻڵѹ¾Լˡ
ܳɻüһ۾ʱӵһ绰Ƿǳϵˡ
ԷίԱᣬչˣܳɽӴüελ˲
ԷˬʣҽŵϢ˰ɣ
ʦûУ߸պšллʦΣĻᡣ˲֣˶һû
ܳҲ֪˭Ѳġ
ҽ⻰ɾ̫ʵˡǽӴҲôʱˣҽڿ϶ڹҡΪʲôҪƵħԺǱȥɣ˻ֱ׵ȴε㡣
ܳЦͷȴ˵ʦ϶ҵ˼ˣʲô˵ʲôİ
˻ЦЦ˵ҽҵȷҪˣұҪС
ܳɳ˵
ˣ˭˰
Ȼ˭ģο⻹Լʦڣ
˻Ҳܳɵ˼˻ɺǵõϢǰħвٵĿ鶼Ϣйܡ
Уǵĵ飬ħԺϢйԴ֮һйݣй¶һˣǹ½Ǭݽڵġ
ʵϣЩϢǷųġ
ܳԣͫ΢
ʦ⻰ʲô˼½Ǭʦħ𣿡ܳʡ
еûӦ
ôĺ͹ǿǣ˹ϵһ½Ǭйϵ
Ҫ֪½ǬݣܳĿǰ֪½ǬݵЩ˵ô֪ģ
ϣ߳˺ˣҲܴ˻ˡ
ʵ֮ǰǾʧȥ˲ٵſһˣίԱرעģҲħԺģũ֪㻹û˵Ϣ˻ô˵
ũʦ֣
ܳܲʶԴڣǸжˣΪ˵ıʼǣԼã
ҾȨȥˣԼҲ˽ȥ
ܳɻǵһݵıֻΪʱԼ㣬Աܿ£ѡȥ롣
ʦũʦֵ飬ţһǲ̫εѲʲôǵ׸أܳʡ
֮˵ĵһλţʿʦ֣һλǳ
ܳۼʶģûʲôĻ϶ܹɳúܸߺܸߡ
Ѳ飬ﰵá
ҸǱߵ˽Ӵһ£ҲԺúõѯһһЩˣܲܵõһЩϢ
ѾһΣǲñһηеΣգöɱҡ֮С
ҽҪϣӡ
ΪϢҲϢй¶Ŀǰ֮԰ʡҲѾˣȥʡ顣
Ŀǰҽҩҵƶ䣬ʮһͱȻƼı֮ǱҪӮһսսʱ˲Ҫ˻֪ӣвô˵š
йԼϢϢй¶
Լô֪£
ܳÿ춼ģĻҲûƵ鷢
õģʦҪߴãҪʲôɴأܳʡ
ҽҵ˼ҲҪħԺ
Ҫ㰵ã㰵òԳ磬Դ뵽ڲģӴĵϢʦγԺʿħԺˡ
ǲòȡǿƴʩһҪʲô飬ʲôΪʲôᷢôȥ⣬ôȥΣأ˻С
˻̬ȣֵ֧ܳġ
ũʦܳûκιϵҪܳΪȥĻܳǾԲģܳɲϣũʦֵ飬ܹײ壬֮Է
õģʦʲô˼ˡܳɸϽء
ţˣҽҲҪ飬ǷǳҽİȫԵġ
⣬ٶһ⻰ҽþò飬ûرĲڵѹܴѽ
Ҫǳʱ䣬дƪ£һݱô˻ͻȻһת
ܳûϹ˻⵽ʲô˼άѡ
ʦԩˣŶô£ôûأҲҪ̰ÿ춼ڰæµ޸Щܳæϵ˵
˻ҽЩѧ£ʲôأ
ҽ⻰ôһ˵ôһУҪǴ⣬ССûҪúϢԺúĥһһʲô
ѧУֵ֧оʽ𲻹ίԱᣬǣв񲿡
ʧǶ£ͺû˸ʧܣʧֿܵ־塣
δҪرĲɹֻҪ˲ţ˿ˮƽɹ˵ģ
һ£ҽ֮ǰύǸҽѧĸĽ飬ĿǰѾˣҵõһݺ˼Ļţʱת㣬Ժλʦ໥һ£


پʮ ҪΪ
ܳԣ˲һϲ
Ȼǹ˲б°ܳԼģϹң˲֪ٴΣûҵܹԼĽѧˡ
ʦλʦ˭ܳɸϽʹ˻
˻˵ħҽԺǹǿƵģǾƵһλڣᡣʮꡣ

Ҷϵ绰֮ܳɵ̲ס
ѧۣһֱо㼸£һģ뾡˸ָİ취ûܹõĽʽҲ˽
ܹҵ֮ˣһϲ˵飬û뵽ħܹ֮ϲ
ϲ֮ܳ侲ϲǲΰ롣
³׳
ܳҲû뵽ԼôͳɳĵزȻʼ˴Լˡ
ȷܳѾһ֮ǰĬĬŵǸСආˡ
ڵܳɣڹڵȦڣҲһˣˣ£˻ע⵽Ҳǲһˡ
ܳԼǺܽģһ֮ǰģ⡣
û취ġ
ܳҲû֮ǰˡ
ϾѾһʵĻھû
ϵиָĲΣ֮ǰҲһ
ڣħҽԺ񲡿ƶ˵ҪúõҸʱȥݷһˡ
֮⣬ħĻᣬҲȥúõؼʦһ档ܳ˵š

ٹ죬ܳȫ̶ֻǸСආ͸ƨɺ졣
ͰշԸ£һŲܣӦһܣҲˡ
ںĽǾͺܳûϵܳɾֻԼֵ顣
ȻʱħھҽԺĹؽڣɽҽԺȵأ½½ر¶˲ٵ⡣
Ҫ¼㡣
һ㣬αҽƣָղ㣬һĳ̶ϣЩΪԼȥ󵨵ĳ²ָ֣£ڡ¡
ʵһ¡
Ҳһ£ڴ²çײ£һۻС
ڶ㣬ʵĹҽƣмͬķ档
ָûذָѲҪûﵽָĻߣȥЧָȻԣǻһʱۻӻߵ
ͱ磬Щߣʮйؽˣƣ޷֮ʮʱ򣬻ᾭһ
ʮ꣬һֻҪһ
ЩĲеģлӴҽȸĸ
Ѳʱ򣬲ƽڲԭ򣬱˵޷㲻ܼĸЩ
һʽն顣
һ棬ʮֿɶ
ñȣѪڿһЩʺֻҪһ֧ܵģͨƣֹѪҩһѣҩﶼ֪Žȫǳ
˵ǿƣӦ÷ߵʱ򣬴ڲͿʼݷߣ߾ߡ
ٱ˵ƣ˿޸ʱкܶ໼ߣĴڣȴӦһƤ޸ӻ߷Щ
ʵЩƤ޸ӻ߷ϣӦڸصƤ˵ģˡ
ôڴӣ
ٱ磬Щ֣ûҩָȴӦҩһ޷رԲĽͣԤҩ
ֺñȹǿƣһЩʺѿ뵱ʱ̶ãȻ򵥵Ĺ߰˿ţӹôá
һԵʱƷ
ٱ˵ؽƣЩȾĻߣ΢ĸȾȴҪÿȥ崴ԤԿȾ
Щҽƹȡ
ܰѲκãȴӴҽĸ
ԣЩˣӴĲǲ˵ĸҽĸΪʹõĴ඼ǰٷְܱ֡
߾ǰٷ֮ٲܱ֡
㣬ҩ
ÿһҩǷܹҽԺܷ񱻿ӦõõҩơҽԺĲɹͳﰲŵ顣
רƿңֻнȨ˵ҸҽԺдһ嵥ҪһЩʲôҩȻҽԺĲɹȥɹ
ȻרƵĿң֪ҽԺҩĳ̵һңܶʱֻһңھʽ¢ϣûѡ
Ҫõʱ򣬾ֻһ
רƵҽҲ֪ҽԺļ۸Ƕ٣ֻǰҽԺıۣȥ˹һŵҽƷá
ۣҽ޹أ
ҩĲĵʹãҽѡģҲǲ˿ѡġ
ûѡ£һЩҽΪʡʱ䣬Ҳûи˵˵ҽԺûıҸýϴҩȥطѰҡ
ǵģرϸҽƹ淶
ҽԺûкõҩҪ˵ûиʵݵҩҲҪ˵һҪɽȥһƵĵط˺ͼѡ񣬶ֱӸǣҪûѡ
ĸ㣬ϵѹ
ʲôǹϵѹأһЩңһЩرֵ
˵ǿƣһЩǲҩЩǱӾķҩֻʱҩܳҩ
˵ǿһеĺĲģǿƶûС
ǿܹȥĲϣǿĲûУ
˵һЩεСҽԺҽԺȱ׼˵ĳһЩĳһЩ֡ĳһЩҩɹ֮󣬱Ҫ꣡
õٷ֮ʮ
ʲô׼ܳɳʱˡ
ŵ֪֮Բڴ͵ĽѧҽԺΪѧҽԺŸɵĽڸơ
ڸ𣬾ǽڶԲ˸𣬶һи
ֻҪã۹ǿʵʵôһУ㶼ԲȥᣬȻڣĳЩ˵ĳҩҩôͱֻҩ
㣬ײѡ
ĳһЩҽߣΪͼ㣬Ϊʡ£˺ܶܶҽײͣЩײͣʵһЩǲҪġ
Ĵڣܹʡʱ䣬ǲ׼廯
ײ͵ʹòȫѡѡԵذҪļ鹴ѡ֮󣬽ʡʱ䡣
㣬淶
ߵ㣬ҼƷѻңڲԱշѣҩе̴ΪҽȡãٺĲģۣ෢ƱԼϸ־
ûмʱ֣ܼǧǮô޶ˡ

ڳοЩݵʱܳͨϵһ仰
Щİ״ӣǻñģ
⻹ʲôҽ£
ǣ侲֮ܳɻǷ֣뷨ǾԵĴġ
ˣеĶȥһЩʺ
еѹջ
ôȻкܴһˣ˵ٷ֮ʮϵˣԱųģǰС
ѲĹУܳɻۿ˻ţǵЩרҺͽǣ顣
ΪҪʱЩųѣΪ˼ӿĽȣ˽˹ϵġ
Ҳ񣬲պڲ鿴
һЩˣ˵һЩûϰ󣬸ίԱ򱨸ġ
ȻҲһЩˣ˵ķ֮󣬿ʼ٣дٱŵҲС
Ҳˣר͵͵գְ̾ᵽ칫ſڣû͵Ƭ￴ߣйͻҽߡ
ȻҽԺļίȥѹͲ̺Ⱦƣ䡢칫ζ;ζһ˿ûС
ܳɻˣһϽڣΪƣһСкҽƷú󣬱عˣſڹʮͥѵӡ
һڣΪԸڲõʱûģġ
һ̣ܳƺ־ãЩֹܸĸ쵼ǣƺҲǵĲ׵ˡ
ЩأЩ飬ҲҪȻһЩĹصģǱһЩʺʹ
ʱȥܳѲĹˡ
Ȼ󣬲ܳɵ˽ӴĸԺҲãҲãίԱΣҲãɫް̫ߡ
ЩףĿǰûţǡ
飬϶ҪЩҪ̴ְġ
ͺñܳɾüΪƵΣ͵̴ְˣʲôûûܣҲôˡ
ͺñħԺԺҲǱԺְλڵͷרƸελãȻܹĵһҽ
ȻܳɽЩȥݷγʱ򣬲á
ָѹͲȱǮ˼мҵģԼﴫеҲֹ׽
˵ܸЦĻ¹˾ÿ洿൱ħԺˮ
ȥһǮ
ôָ֮԰ҽҵȫΪһУԾҵҵ󷽷أһһλãȻ³ļְ
˵κˣγԼȥָ̰ۣܴҽԺЩԩǮ
飬ܳȻ֪
ҲΪָԩʣʦԺٻصԺλ𣿡
ܳɱũʦֵģֻǲֱ˵Ծò
Ͳ̫ˣҾᡣҲܲᣬһɡ
ָһܺõҽҲһܺõԺѧˮƽרҵʵȫģֻǿڵۺ΢һЩ
ĸ㷳ˣҲͿȥˡ
ҲǸ飬飬Ҫ˶ģЩ˶ס͵ܶסȥԾͻ˶Դ


پʮ ֻǷ˵С
СܣԵˮʦĸףʦϴһ̲ݮݮͷܴʺΡ
ܳҲͲһһ֭ͣˮɬζݮζŨ
ʦĸݮó԰ܳɸϽ۾һ˵űĻ
ףʦЦŵǺӴӹģζС
ֶγڣûͻ꣬Сܹ궼ûԲ˵㹤ϵɣС޺С绰ȥ޵ˡ
Ԫڶûͣ
ʮԪѾǰյˣѾǵʮߣʱܳɣæˡ
γ˵ףʦҺþûСˣ졣û˵ʲôȥв
γվ§§ףʦ
ףʦЩ˼һڣѧأֶŵġ
ܳɿˣһЦ
ǰİ飬ǣ־ͻẦߡ
ڵİ飬ǿĵطδֽ֣ܿǵġֶŵıȱȽǡ
Щ˵죬Щ˿ܻǳ죬úܿ
ʦĸȥγҲûò˼󷽷£Ѿƽƴ绰ˣڻΪѲæһ
һ
ܳһ߸Ͻָγһ裬һʣʦûʦ鷳ɣѲ飬Ҳûвѽ
찵ã໥֯ܳԱǰһߣһ󲨵Ĳ˼˼ԺȻʲô¶ˡ
ƽڵĹؽƣҪ㣬һײշѣ˸䲡ˣͱҪCTȻһѵߵȼ顣
Щײ͵ݣǰԹĿ϶ҲҪ˶졣
һǷϵ⡣
ؽƵһпڣյз˿֮󣬸ȾļʼСҪʹô˿ӵϻӷϵȡ
ǳ˲ұ˳û취ˡ
Ӧõô࣬еǾҴûʲôˡ
·Ƕ·˻档
Ϊܳɴ֮󣬲ӣûɶˡͬʱ˰飬˷ʤ
ҩǺõģҲǺöԺơƶãӦõʮֳ졣ҽԺܹ˺á
ЩҩҲ벻ϵʼоʹáĹ淶ʹãǽҲȫհᡣ
ˣ˵ĸʹˣ̨ѾϲˣȥڰɡγˣܹǿһȥʵһͷԷ籩
ѾǷǳѵˣٴʵ治
Ȼ룬ҲͲø档
ܹǣһεǣ̫󣬲̫ֻ˽Դͽ䣬ƣĿģ˵ҪĸҽԺ
ʦҾ廹õġγ򣬾˶̬
ֶֻҲ˶˶úþܵõȲʣ򲻺õˡ
ҽѧϣû㹻;Ļû취һ̨ġ
ܳɵѾɣ񣬲ǲֱʣȵʱ䣬רưɡ
ũʦֵ鲻ʣڵ飬ܳɺʰ
ʦ֪û˵ҽԺƵڣǰЩ죬ʦ˵Ǹѧۣ˵һЩͬļ⡣ܳ˫Ŀ峺ؿγ˽ġ
γԣüͷ壬ƺڻˡ
˵ʵħԺĵλһҽԺٸڣγδȫħڼǧﶼϵȫ
Щ죬һ¹Ҵ绰ʡγֻǾʶҲû˽⡣
ȻγͲͨһ绰ȥ
һγ˵Ǹְһ֪أˡ
ûûУѧе飬־İ
γƺ֪ڵһƺţǲ֪ѧ
Ҷϵ绰󣬿ܳɣҲһˡһԣÿԽƽʱԺ죬Ա˽к֡
ǶʲôëǲһȦҲû⡣˲ƧѲ١ֻȦӲһƽֻżնѳ˼η
˻ȥγδŹ˻ʱǲй˻ְλġ
ʦ˵ǣȥһģ˵ܹջ⣬ʦҲðңοһ£һЩؽ趨СܳɸϽֺƵ˵
ϣԼʦԼĳ۵飬ֻǵһ绰ȥȻͰ˵֪ĻΪǶԷʦء
ʮľˣΪ
ȷҪץ˻֮󣬿ȷظܵڵԽԽࡣ
顢УҪֵģֻܴӹȺȥѰҡ
ܹӹ淶ѧķʽȷܹܴһ˲šҴӦˣ
Сܰһֱûһ飬Լòһֱû뵽γһ˵ţһ߳ųķŬŬ졣
žܳɼ״͵һԼĴȡ
԰ʦһֱû뵽ʦĸصش½ҵģҸЩѽܳɾԼʵ̫Ϳˡ
ʵû뵽ʦĸģ棬Ҳδ򿿹
νͶҽ˵ջأ
ڣʦĸæܳǿ϶ôŵġ
ûһƾγļңеůƽ֮󣬱ȻԱЬϡ
ʦԪںáǰʵûչˡ˵ǸĻЦ⡣
ӦǴ֮ǰıʹ֮л˹
ֻǰȻʹǻˣŮѣʱȴû䡣
֮ǰƹִҪ뿪ħȥĸȥطѧǰʦ˵òᣬ˾ʹ˷ˡ
ܳҲûϢˡ
ܳɶΪƿϧʦôһŮӰġ
߹ֱܳɵļһơ
ҹ飬һ绰ûСɳУħתͻɳУ㵽ôİƺɸֵ˵
ƣܳɶԣʦֳ
ܳɸϽٰʽЦ˹ȥʦ飬Լ뷨ģҾ⡣
ҵĲǣûǰ
γһۣͶȥһвı顣
ʦܱߵø죬ҪѵãɳаҽԺǶξȫõôγͿʼѵ
ʦǿ϶õġƸϽγƤЦ
ǴħԺĵطԶܶԻҽ˽⣬ãҽˮƽȹˡ
ͺ񣬳ڴħкЩطͲùڵľòȹԶ
ǣڣеˣǻˣеҽԺǻҽԺеĲˣǵѪ͸ڻ
ǹһ⣬ҽԴ³⣡
ѧ˲ţԸصƫԶ
ҽѧһҪʱѧϰڵѧƣܹƫԶҽˮƽչһǳҪ񡣡
˲³·ȶϺܶ˵롣Ծֻ취
ҿԺŵؽڴ󲿷ҽԺı̫࣬Ǵ˽ҽԺҲԸȥҽԺ
һǾĥûгɾ͸СǴϡ
ʦѾʼѵˡγʼ׻׻̻
ܳȥУγͬ˵ġ
ܹܳѲ飬Ҳγǰ֪˵ġһܳҪȥؽƣҲγ֪ġ
Ҫɳ뵽ݣͱи۽硣
Ҳûб粵ֻǰȥʦҾҽԴҪ³Ѷȣֻҽߵϡ
ͨϣҲεġ
֮ǰһȦĸףۿˣֻܶ·ˣֻλκ
ҽԺģǾΪˮƽ϶ҽԺģȻΪβȥҽԺأ
ǵмҽԺģô͸ϲʡҽԺˡ
رǻһˣǻ취иˣϲҩҩתøǡȻõĻҽá
ʦⲻǹ˭ʵʵ˵ƿγɫ̫ԣϽôһ䡣
˵Ҷûôװɣγʡ
ûγײ׵飬˵رģ˵ĸа֢֮󣬸ҽ˺ܹܶư֢ҽҽ
ȻҾͷкܴһũĲˣԹ˸ҩȻθԵúܲ˵ġ
Ȼһ֡ʵ
˵ʱ򣬷γı飬Լܳɵı飬̫ԣ͸ϽΪֹˡ
Ϊ⻰Щս˼
ҽҩֲҽѧȻڵģûУҲиõġôǸأ
Ҳע⵽һ㣬û֤ݣͲֱָȥ
ʦʵҲʲô
Ȼһ£Ҫʦ˵ƿڵ
ʲô飿γƵƷ衣
ʦٴϷ˵Сϣʦܹæȥ˵һУȻĻʦˡ
ʦҲ֪ΪΣкܶ鶼ɼģ滹һѵ쵼ҪһЩҲֱܹӾܾͻȻô˵
γŲ豭΢΢һ


پʮ ʱĻ
γȻһƳһۣǰ˳ǰ˱ꡣ
ƽô
ĿǰҽԺľǣʦʱжιؽελãͷΣؽƵֽݴƵҲЩ˸
ʦǡܲܰʦ˵仰
ⲻܲ˲赣𣬷µˣҪΡ
Щ߷߲ƽѾ̫ʣҲû顣
ؽ棬˱Ƚϴģֽ顣
׷εʱ򣬾ͳθƣû˻ȥҸ˵鷳Ȼƽ͵˴ù
һϵ˱ֽڣ˴Σ
൱ơ
γԸ˵仰ֽܾܹͬ϶˳Ľ
γҡҡͷˣѾٿˣν߲
ڵλʱǿ˲żüõġľַش֮
СƣûУɽ棬תܹʲô
˲еԴȫռݣֻעִ磬ͻᵽ˵ķչѧϰĻᡣ
˲ôһʦţطѧк죿γô˵һ䣬½ɶ˶
γĿţ˵ЩʱҲϣҵѧܹʣܹи˲ţߣ
ȻҾƽ˷Ԫ档¤ˡʱʮ꣬ϣܹѹؽҵãԼŶӴΪȫȫǿŶ֮һ
ɵҵʮʱͬʱҵ̬͸ıˡ
ҵѡʵǴģҶԽѧ⣬Ǵġ
Сû֪֮ͬУΪ޶۵ģûᵽߣΣεĲˣ٣ܹݵĲκһҪá
˵ۼһģѧһĽڣͲǶҽѧԵá
Ȼ׿࣬ʱҴԺʿھӪϵټϽ޼ҾãǣټЩŬǵڵλá
ɽ֮Ҿͷ֣ʵѧֲ֮ǰǸˡ
ǷչȥôұΪΪʹ޵Щˣ
һ£ķԪʦڣŶ˭ҷ˭ܹأ
һ£Ǻ壬ߵĻԣԪһͣʱͰħԺ·ȫ
˵ؽƣңȫڲһˡ
ʲôʲô
ħԺĹǿƣǼҵ
һһĻô˭ûкùӳԣûκ˻Ĵڣⲻǳ֮ơ
һѧҽԺӦøˣѧĽѧҽԺҵģǵĽѧҽԺҵ˼𣿡γ٩٩̸
ԣһλڣһλʦıԣұҪִƣЩˣһһγȥΨΪѣܹץסѱȶصƽߡ
ȻһǲģͰ¤Ҳߡ
¤̫ˣ̫ʵϣңһֱȻùؽƵòѪҺֻڣκεĻᣡ
ûĻᣬôһ̶ˮ
һ̶ˮĿңôڵǰ죬ñ˿ǰ̣Ծͻᶯָ˼
Ҿְ¤γħ
ʱʮ꣬ʱľϣܹļʦͬʱǵǱã
Ƕܹõ£ƼôǾ͸ҪҵߵڵλãǸʱ򣬲Ǳһ
ң¢һطԴȥǵڵλãܹڡ
Ѧ޵֮ûнĹ̫ǿĹģıߵԣͬ
ܳû˵ֻǺȻһ˹Ԫƽ뿪ʱ˵һ仰
γִʵǣܳһֱûг׵ضγΪ
Ҳһֱûףγεء
γѹִ֮ѹͲʦЩˣʦˡ
γΪ棬ԼʦôбµĻγȻĵλôǶߣôǿƣʲô飿
ңûʲô£ôħԺħԺ
ǾͲˡ
ܳһ̣ãγִ֮ʵ̫أȡᣬҲ̫ᡣ
˲·ɱ˸ĸ
ħԺŵ˽һãô˶ԣ룬ᱻֱӶɱ
ʦڵˡ
ǰڣܴҶǿʵԷԺأ
Ժô죿
Ʊʣʦأ
ǵģƼγСΪҵ˼ǻǲ̫ףγΪ֮ǰҪô
֪£еһ֡
һʺѧˣκ˶ʺϣҶʺڵλãҴһֱߣȡĻᡣ
ôҲ֪㾹Ȼ;ֹ
ڣٻ¤ߣиˣҲ໥Ӧڣ϶ҵĵ
¤Ǹʱ򣬾ͱҪˡ
ΪѧҪչͱѪҺز䣬ѪҺҲʶˣϤˣȻҪô˳
ңҶĹƻҲħԺ
ֻбؿֻаټܹʹҵͻͽɨ䣬ɨǰѩ£ûϵĶ
γ˵⣬Ȼָıɾǰһʱ䣬ַַ֣һ󡣡
νͲףһжֻҵĵǣҵǣҲǼпܷ顣
ԣٶһѾˡ
ƽҪȥĻǾȥɣģǾǻѧʲôҲͿԾȥѧʲô
Сܣγǰѻᵽܳɵϡ
ҾǴСܵϣԼĲ㡣
ˡ½£Сúܺáçײӳʱ£Լ뷨
Լ˼뷨һؾɣڴڴ¡
˶˵һɲ䡣ҿܳɣһɶ䣬ʱƣжȣҲãҲñһˣûбҪһλãһطķ羰
СޣĿǰѧϰĽ׶ΣʵҲãҲûˣ֮ǰһȦ˺ܶණҾȥĶ
ͺñƽҲȥˡоҲҪϣ
ǣǼΪҫ۵ģ֮ͬУһ֮صġ
񣬶ΪԵԭɢأЩѾ㹻ˡ
ҪнݲΣΪʲô׼ģӦҲ
γЩǳطʯͷƵġ
˱úɡ
ҪѧһЩ飬ܹøãܹ
ʱ򣬾ҪԼŶӴãڣֻϣŶˣֻҪ㣬ôǲһŶӣǲãǾͶҪˡγѵô
ңҪһ㣬ǻǣ̫࣬̫࣬ѧͲʲôβΣڲڵģֻҪ飬ѿãרҵѧãһжһϯ֮ˡ
ô˵ŵʱƽҲǽˣſڵʱֻһ˲֮ɫȻ㼷Цݡ
ʦСޣСܶڰƽΪʦ֣һȣδڿطؼ
γƽûٰ֮ǰĻ⽲ȥ
ƽǰҾͰѻĵ˱𴦣ƽҲûγίֻһЦ̸Ļ档
ʦĸܿ޺˷ˣƽƸϽȥæܳǲ֪ôӺδ֣һߺţſ
γѾҲ˳
һȦ
˵Цǻ£ǽǰһЩʣƽԼһЩȤš
ܳû廰ֻǾôš
һֲζ
Ҫ˵γԼԺʿԼһţƼ֮ʦţµľǿʤܹӪۻĹϵҲһ˱˵ġ
ҪִԼһ˭飿˭飿
γȴԵݵֶΣһʦŸǲɢˡһǲɢγԼֲȨҪۣͼܡ
γ
ҲҪˣʵҶٶȥˡ
ʲô
һεƽһ˶ʿѧѦ޵£һûҵڶʿоơ
֮⣬ħԺܹģֻһˣʲôû
ܳҲ뿪
һԺʿʦţħԺĺۼ˵΢΢
ܳҲãƽڵĹҲǲģƵĿкרҵǶ֮
λʦ֣϶ҲǼбµˡ
ȥܹջһҲ϶ܹԷܾǹ⣬ôƾ
ôһԳΪڶѧʦţôĻ
γھ΢֮£΢Ц
ִ֮ǵһˣ֮
ʦһҾܳɾƱ籰ϥϡ
һγֵ˾


İ 
ʦ֣Ժʲô㣿γıгʡ
ֻܳһԵһʵڣֻֻƺʡ
ָԺôһˣܹΪ˱úõҪԺλôƽΪβ£
ΪγѧΪܳɵʦ֣Ƶʦ֣
ⲻܹ
ǣֽڳ˴Σƽڿ¾Ͳ̫ʺϴˡֽεã֪ܰʵƽȥϵ۵ϴ塣
ڵҽ¹ʣǽڸƣҽҽ磬ҽԺθƣ
ʱҲûáȿ˵ɡƽǱʮƽûرء
ʵһֱγѹĸоĸо
֮󣬿¾Ҫȫƽԣʲô顣
Ψһ£ƽҲ𽥿˲Ծĵط
γһҲ˵ԼʦţԼԶħԺûΪԼѧκζ
Ѧ޵£ҲǲΣű˻ӡ
أСޣʲô뷨
ûвɢϯʦȻû˼ôҲֻԼ·ȥˡƽѵơ
ƿһܳɣҴȰѲʿꡣ
һʿƻ˶Ĵ۲Żģĸƻɣ
ڵҲû̫ǣңȻǶΪء
õǣԺ󼴱ûʦţǻѡ
һЩ˼ˣҵŶӴ֮󣬼ܳ뿪ˣȻвٵ룬вٵĿ⡣
á
СܾͲǲˣСڵĹ״̬Ϊȶ˵İɣƽܳô˵
ܳɸϽ˵ʦʦʦʹ̵úá
֪ܳƽԼʦ֣ʦǱ֣ʦƣʦѵ˼
úû죬ʵڻ첻ȥˣǾ졣
ʦţɢ˵ġʦƽ̨ҲɢˣʦˣҲɢˣʦݺ׹ȥȻɢˣƽĵô˵
Ǵʦ֣ԵõΡ

գ
ΣнҪ㱨ħίԱΰ칫ҵűе졣
ŵ˹ӣɫϵıǴæ͸ӡ
칫ŵ־ۣ˿黹Ϊ
־ۺһ
ŤŰ֣ȻһͰѰ칫ҵŸұˡ
ΣҪ
־üͷʱһ壬ŵƤСšʲô¶ôææģ˵¡
־۴һĸӣǷǳʽװڿ㣬һ۾˵ȣһ۾
θϽΣҸոսӵйĵ绰˵ǽĵʮңڳ·һضŹ¼ûмǿպţҲûʲôѡ
й͸ܺߵò˶켣λǴίԱģ
ԱһƬҷ֡ȥӵǸ½ҲԵϣ½Ǭݡ
ѵΣμӵ־վȶ˰칫ϣѵ
εĻŵֹסˡ
˵ʲô
˵䣬˳
־ʵе֮ͣǰѵˮףֻʣ²ҶĲ豭ö¡мһء
΢һ־۽쵽ʲôǰ־۶Ϊŵġ
Ȼ־ӸλҲ˶Ǹŵˡ
һûлǷûֱ̫ӵϵ
θϽصΣΪʮҪҲϹ㱨ôܺЦ
ոҲŽӵĵ绰
־ɫǴţʱͷͨѶ¼ѰʲôûдĿĵصĵ绰ϵ˼˵½ڻɽҽԺסԺǰɣ
ɽҽԺԺϵʽô
ε˵ͷ˵ǻɽҽԺе绰Σ½ʲôͷ
Ȼ֪־ۺż־һ׿ڷ磬Ͼ־ۻԽӴ˵ģһ¶һ¾ʹˡ
ǽ½ģ죬־Ѿֹһˡ
ÿ½ζԵͣȥӵġ
Ҫ֪ίѲ飬־۶ôģί쵼㡣
½ʲôͷ
־ϵȸҵ绰
θϽȸ־ۿˡΣ
־ûػֻǲ˹ȥ
绰Ķ棬Ӧͨ˸ֹϵҵ־۵ĵ绰Աˡ
ǳ˵ãǻɽҽԺ
֪ͨԷ϶Цӯӯ
ԺҽԺոǲһϵϼĲˣ½Ǭݵģ־żʵ
Ĳ֪С£ܻ
Ҳܾ־ۼȻô˵ǿ϶ô˵ģΣҵȥһ£ˣʲô𣿡
־۲δԣҲûõ֪½ǬסԺϢ
Ȼֱ˵ԺûϵϣܹԴ
ϣԲϧһдֻۣϣܹ뾡һп뾡İ취һ̣Ͳܷǵһ̡Բܷ
߶ֱеˣΪʲôݣ־˵ûݣҪϧһд۵ȥȣ⵽Ϊɶ
־۸ոսĴ˷ԸһλɽҽԺԺѾǽӽ߹
ϧһдۣ
ӦҽҽƱŻӵɣ
˵ݣҲ֪Լȥʣ֪ˣΣȥһµʲô
ȻҪ־˵һЩʵĳ滰
ǣʱȥŪ⵽ǸʲôԾֻܷǳϺ͸ɴعҶϵ绰
־۴ĵ绰ʱЩˣ㶵ؿ־ۣʲôƺûס
־۰ѵ绰һգȻ½ûʲôݣҪиʲôݵĻǸˣĻˡ
Сţȥ˽һ½ǬĿǰĲ飬˺úõһ£Ϊʲô˵ģܵˣŹ¼ˣЩˡ
һЩ˵ʲôͷЩ˱ʲôͷ
ˣҵȻԴ绰ʰɡȳȥæҽ飬һҪʵ
ȥΡûκԥ뿪ˡ
߳˰칫֮־΢˼һ£Ȼͨһ绰
绰֮ͨ־ۺܹصʦһǸ½֮󣬴ĵӽӽʱˣȽأȻڻɽҽԺȡѾ
־۵Ļû˵꣬γֱӰĵ绰ˣ
ʵ
Ŀǰ־۶½ǬݵҲ˽ò̫࣡
ǰ˵½Ǭʱϵıǩһͽ
֪һֱ˽ڡ
ɿ½Ǭݹ֮һ桯ˣȫǹԺʿԼڡһһʲôش顣
Ĵڣͽ
ݾǱϡ

Ȼǲ֪½Ǭݵ־ͨЩԺʿŵĶԻС
־˽⵽ҽУܶ࿹ҩĽڼ۸񽵵ͣ½ǬһЩСĹϵ
Ǿʲôϵû˸Ҳʡ
Щ˽ʱҲֻǸ˶ѣҲԼҲͿ
һΣӹίԱҲˣͬˣһһЩ顣
Ȼ飬־ʸûС
ңǰǼӾʱħˣΪ½Ǭݶġ
л׵ߣҲħԺʿԺʿ
Ժʿ˵绰־ϸϵͳ˵绰ȥһ½Ǭ˵ľô¡
Էٵ˵ΣҲ֪ʲôںܶ˽ӵǱĸСʱư
˵ˣΣҪȥˡ
־űҶϵĵ绰˲һֺİĸо

ܳɵѾˣ˵ûʲôˡ
ԣܳɾȥõƵļ
ȻþòڰҽԺһĻĻ¼ƶܳɵƫذǻָȵȣܳĵ
̶ûƵĶ
ŸɾķһӰӣҲ֪ƻ᲻ùµį
Ҳ֪ջûлܹǰԵ
ܳһͬݲ裺ʦԲҶ̫æˣûܹݷҲɳС
ҵĴ
ʲôģ£ѧϰѧϰƲ÷ȸܳһˮ
˵ΪǼʶ۽ģҪ㱻ס
˵ʡûҲѾǲ̽ˣʡ
ãҪʦģ́ܳɵ
Ҫ˵ʱ򣬵绰
ʦƿ˱עЦţܿ죬ɫͿʼӲ


İһ һ֮
ܳɴҴææظϵ˻ɽҽԺʱһŰ״ӵסͲرӦþǶʮסԺҽʦרҵоܳϵı£ʱ㲻һ㣡
ҽԺ˶ҽԺҽһֱʶǰʦãһʹˣҺҵʦ鲻ԭԲţ
ܳɾ;ЩЦԼڵʣѵǱƻĻɽҽԺĸƵסԺܣԼȻϴѧҽԺסԺѵֱסԺʣ
ӦסԺҽʦרҵ˶ʿоڸ㱨ﲡ˵Ĳء
֪ʶ½Ǭδܳķϻæ˼ҲģǼ
λҽ֪֪ǿһ½ǬݵĲˣ鷳ܰҲһȥô
һܳ⻰λСʱһ˵ҵסԺҪôѵһ٣Ҫôֱ·ܳ˵΢ԥһ˵ȥʿվһ£߻мﻼҪ
ʵڲ˼
ûʵļȥٹҲǿԵģߵĲ˹תһ£ҲǿԵġ
Ȼṵ̂ܳɵæǱֳԼԸæ뷨ġ
ӦþǼƵרҵо˴֪ܳɵʲôϹŵʲôʡ
ȻƼҽʦҲܶÿ˵ֶȻģɽҽԺļֲֻĴʦһˡ
߲ܳ˷˿ʱ䣬òҽĴ𰸣Ǿ͸Ͻȥʿվʡ
ҽ֪ߵǳ̬ǻʿվֵˣӦòȫĲ˲֪飬ĲûڻɽҽԺļơ
ܳ˼ƵĻʿվֵĻʿ֮ܳҲûеزһ¼ƵĻʿϵͳܳɵ˱Ժҽʦ΢΢Ǹ˵˼ǿûԺҲʱܻҪȥҽ칫һλ˵ת顣
ܳɵҽʦʣѾ뵽Ѫ֮С
ܳԣεؿһۡ
ɽҽԺ˶ʶǶԸڻ켣ҽԺµйء
ߵⶼûʳͷҽ칫֮ǰλҽٴδҽ칫߳ˣ
Ӧ˵ܳģתʱſסԼӣͬȹϵϣŬŬͷ˵ֵܣǸ½ǬݵҸող鵽ת飬ӦǱȥ˼ңڸϹȥƻܿһ档
Ҽˣ˵λ½ǬݵĲȫˣӦǱȺŹ֪ڶ෢ѪûмӦļҶӻ߼ȹҰ¾嵽һ䣡Ȼȥɡ
ܳҽߣȥ޷ڵסġ
⼸ٷ֮ٿԱжΪһҽʦǸְҵ
ˣ϶ǷǳҪˣԼ
ܳҲҽͬеĻʦͬĻûɥʧԭλҽϣܰæġ
еˣҽȥ˰״ְҵ֮󣬾ֻʣԣܸж٣жٸְҵվֻһҽѣҲ˶ѡ

ں˵İ£ܳɻε
ܳϸƬ󣬻õʱ䣬ҵһ߽ϣ취֪ʱѾǲ׾Ļᡣ
ڿ֮ܳɾͺͻأϾͿˣλʦһ뷨֪ɲԡ
ûᣬҴҿܳɵͣǿЦһ͸Ӳˡ
ܳɾͼ˵
λʦǿĿǰҪݿˣҪݿ˵ԭ򣬳ڲ˵ĻԳѪ㣬ЩѪеĴ󲿷ֶۼ֫
ȻиˣƢѣֻҪƢժ֮󣬳ѪͲܶˡڵѪҲܹһġ
ܳڳԵҸԼʽܲܲɣ˵
ˣΪõЧȫĴʩܳҲû̫ı
ܲȰ˫Ŷɶ˨ˣ
Ҳ֪֫ļȱѪһģǵĻ壬Ϊ˱֤ѪҺĹӦܶʱҲʹѪҺ
ܳɶ⻰һʱ˶Ƿ׷תͷ
ֻǣǿܳɵ֣²ܳǲǸѧǳţ»ɷʣӻеŶ
߳Ѫû˴˨ˣ
֮ѪҺ֫֫
ھͽ֫
ɵܳɨȷܳɾǸëûĺ֮󣬶ʱһƢ𱬵Ľھֵ˲ҪԼҪ࿴飬˵Ҳ˵˨ֹܲסѪûжѪҺȥѪôأ
ֻأ
úÿţҪ·
⻰ȦܳɲҪϹƱƣȥ˿岡Լ˼·
ܳҲûǣ֪Գ˼·ǵѡá
ϱ۲ܣɶ;ѭȵƢг֮ٻָ֫֫Ѫӹɶֱ˨Сֹ֧ѪܳɼȻȻбѡķġ
ֻǣѡȴҪ˼·ģǾ˼·ģȻǲһС
κ˶ӵԼԼĶȨȴԼѡģǷɵģܳҲֻܷԼ
ƢȽϻ𱬵أ׷תͷ֮ǰ˵ǸƢеˣ˵ʲôĸҵģ
ǵĲ˭ԷǱȽϽģϣܹ½ɵĸס
ʦãܳɣҲҽԺġϴѧҽԺģǽӵƵ֮󣬲ŸϹġ֪ܳԼҪõȨޣͱҪԱš
ΪʱͲࡣ
Ȼ֫ĴѪʱԵ˨ˣ˸Ѫܲͼ֡
ǣԲβδؾͲһֽ֮ѲҪѪ˨ˣԴʱԵĳѪ
Ҳһ˼·
ֻܳɵĻش̨վŵһȺںͽڶһ±״ֻ̬ЩˣǷ׷ܳɡ
ʲô
ֻϴѧҽԺѧ
͸ʴˣ
Ǹѧǫǡ
ֻΪ˼Ӵ룬ֻܳ˵λǲŵĻԸħԺѦ޵½ڴһ绰
ܳ˵úʽ
ǲţ
ֻܳķ̫ˣΪһãпܽ֫Ƕġ
˨֮ӰĲֹǴѪڵѪٶȱ仺ѪڵѪҺҲ
Ĺ̾ȫ̵˨ʱô죿
ֻǽ֫ǵȴ
ڵкβ֮ͬ
Ǿмȱ۵˱ʵ˵ʱ֫Ѫܵȫ˨ʱôȻ֫
⻰Ǻܿˣʦĳ̶ˡ
ͺñһﻼߣǽ֫Ȼһӣɾ˿ӷƨѡ
ǲУȻ֫ѪȻˣҿշ෢Ѫ˨ķһʱڣߵܱס
ܹΪȡʱ䣡֪ܳԽǹؼʱԽçײԽҪϸ緢
û˻شʱ
ܳɵʱֲ˵ȫѪ˨ȡУ֫ҪֲҪ鷳öࡣ
ܳɲǲֲ֫Ƕֲ֫ļܹһǮǮƾܹ㶨ΪʲôҪܲȡأ
˵ý֫Ͳý֫ܰѪܽһͨˣΪ֮ܳǰᷨṩһ˼·
شܳλ˵ʱе壡
Ҳֻζе壬ڵ̶ȡ
ʦѪܲͨ¡ǿȡѪܣѪ˨ǲܹÿҩԴܳȻ侲Ļش
Խżʱ򣬾Խ
ѵȡһλڼܳСƢˣ
һûĶ򣬾͸æ˵
ûƺôĪܸĽ
ܳɵˣûǰհоԼ֧֣ô˴ܳɾǴС
һǳʵ磬߲Բض˵
߲δǳ̾
ܳɵ˵ͷţȡ
ܳ⻰нھܳе㲻֪ôˣҪѪƵĽͻȻӦ˹Ͽʵ˵ʲô
ܳɡܳɻأҲ
ǸܳôѪƵһλڶʱɫ΢΢һ䣬Ȼһת˵
ɱͬͬѽ
ûһĻˡʦϣǿԿҵĽ飬ʱ仹üٵ飬ѪӵĻټѪڱסߵԿ޼ˡܳʱٴδ˿ˣӦҺòã
¶ɲҪɾܸɵġ
ܳɵڣһ׶ˣǾ˵ʲôʱһѵ˴ȻֻмˣŻ֧֣⻹ǵȼԼֲ֧㡣
ܳǽڼػȫͬ
һλڵĻһλҽʦĻһλסԺĻǣǷǳġ
ǣܳ⻰û˾ܾ֮ǰ𻰹ѪƵĽϾ͵ҾǿʱСܵĽ飬Сܣȡ˨棬Ǻ˼ġ֪˽
λأѪƵĽھȻһӾͬܳɵ˼·
⻰˴󺧣׷׶һ֮󣬱˵ȻڶôˣôҲͬⷽڵ뷨
ܹ÷ôĹ۵ˣԲǷˣپͲǿܹͨģҲѪƵһλڲУ


İ ѧƶ֣
ڵĻڶʱе㾪°ˣ
ȻûǿѪƷʱ򣬶ѯʵС̺˼˵磿
ļٵģҪôˣôëûСӵİ
ܸ𰡣
ҲСܡһˣͲ󡢴ź۾ˣͻȻô˵
λӦ֮ǰħԺһʱܳСܡ򲻺˵ڹǿƷ棬ȷһλܲʦ
ǿҵ١ζ֮ʣ
ڣŽڣ߽ڣ˵ˣܳȻʶ˶ʶġ
١ΪΪƵΣڼʱǶǽڼ𣬽Ӵˡ
κеԿǣͲΪܳ١Ϊ죡
߽ڣֱӿɣŽڣǼ­Ѫ׵飬ҰѶ˨֮ٿٶָѭһ֫ĳѪͻʧѪѹҲӦûҲǳȷص
ܳħԺʱҲӴѪƵܳɵѪ˨ȡġܳɼȻô˨֮ȫ˨Եòôˣ
ܰס˵ܱסһ֫壬ѾǼõĽˣ
ǻҪپʲô
˾ҪˣＱΪأ
ôʱѡԥ
һ𳶵ҹΣ
ǼӣҪ졣
ãȻʶܳɣҲϿܳɣټϹǿƵҲһ˽⡣
֤Се
ʱҲ벻ٺõİ취ʱҲֻӲƤͷϣҽˡ
ֻܳ⻰ƵĽȲʹˡ
ǣڣҲǹ⵷Һʹϰֻٴ֫ĶˣôѪѹ
ǻ治棿
ƲҪٴѡûҲûƱƣҪȫ̼໤ģʱߵǶҿߵѪѹҺë
ɶ֪
ҽֻβѻߵŵģƵҽĿҰ
ڣֱӼCVPҿ㣡
ľѹCVPϡǻķѹͨϡǻķùܲãӳҷѹٴ۲ѪҺѧҪָ֮һȴ֫õѹʺ֢˵ļ⡣
CVPӦ֤1.شˡݿ˼ѭ˥ߵΣزˡ2.Ѫܡ­Ժ͸Ĵ
ѪƵˣԼ治ѡ
Ƶĳԣô˵أ
ֻܵͷ˵ð
Ǹõļ׼
ֻѪѹĻôҪֱ·ˡģ㲻ҼѪѹô棿
ܹCVPȻǸӱ׼ӷˡ
ȻͰͰ࿪ʼˡ
ܳɾǰȥʵʦܲҲ̨æ
㵱Ȼ̨Ͽȥϴ֣һʼֻŸԼˣԶܳɲǻɽҽԺˣҪ̨ҪһҽʦϿɣ
ֳΪ˽ܳɵˣ
ܳϾܳңϴ֣Ȼ¾̨ˡ
߲ſٺһɶĵʿڵʱܳýӹߣҲǷһɵ˨
ʵֶ˨ֹѪڲѪڶ˨ڲѪģ
ֱӰѹɶ˨ֹѪģûùڱԵĽ֫
⣬һβôûбԺ´ι治ܳô㡣
ܳе㱾µġ
£ȶǿƣֶѪƵܳɣȷѵѡ
ܳɽ֣ȥ˶Բ˨ܳǰѷո¡
ҲûʣͰѵʸ
ܳɵʱͿʼ˲λãȻڿѪֻܹܵ֫ѪܣǾƾҰҲܹѲ͵ܶˣܶ˸ǻɵλá
ðգȫûҰԣָֻܹУоԽʾİѿء
äٵָУ
̫ɬԶô˳ܻеŤ
ûҰܳɾʹָѪܹǻλãȻ̽ڣ
ܳɸܵ˵ܵԶ˵˸ǻɺȥĳ򡣵ҪƵܵǻɣһ֧θ͵ڶ֧ܶƢλã
ôרҵĵطǻǲ׵ġ
ң
Ƣ˵Ƣ֮⣡
θĤ¶θ̶
ܳҪǣƢ˨ˣ˨Ƣ֮
ôƵƢժ߷ϣдʱȥ׼ˡ
û֫ѪƢЩΪҪҪ֮ٿ԰ڣӼӳʮӣиʱȥӦԣ
Ļᣬݼš
ܳȫ˲Ҫôȥ͵ˣһѰŸַ֧ĺۼ
ڣĳһ̺
ܳɰѵܵļ͵ƢλãǿԽθܶ
һ׼˨һ߶Ǳߵķ˵ʦȰƢ˨˰
ڶԲ࣡
ܳ⻰ŵһ顣
ȵȣո˵ʲô
ΪôԼëܳɺ˵ҪƢ˨ˡ
ļٵģ
˵ʲô
Ӧ˺һŰѪŪ
ûнص£ģ
֪Ƣ
еŵˣ
неļ£ܹܳѵܻߵ˿׼͵ʲôƢ
ƢƢŵķ֧
Ƿţأ
ܳɾȻֱʲô߶ֻŵܡ
Ͱѵ˿ļȥƢ
ô
£ô죿
ӹɶѵ˿ȥƢľ룬ѵдӹɶ㱳ľԶô
мҪĶֲڻǱȽϴģ
ǸǻķֲڱȽСһ㡣
ܳأܹԽȹɶϸ֫ȡ˨Ļ㻹ܲţ
֢Ƣ֮󣬻дĸǻѪǷǳġ
ǰƢ˨˵ĻԼٳѪΪǵӮúܶʱ䡣ܳʱΪûôһ䣬ס
оԼֱַ
ǲĽκͽѧ֪ʶô
֪ܳڿ϶Ϊ˱˵ôһȽϻԵĽ͵ġ
⻰˺ȻԼǿ
ƢѳѪ֮󣬰Ƣ˨ˣֹܹѪĵ
Ī˵ҽѧˣж֪©Ͷס·Ļ˷첹
ǲĵ
ôܹҵõƢΪʲôҪ˨Ƣ
Ƣ˨ɱȹɶ˨õöֻ࣬ճȽ϶ھ޴ƢࡢƢܿһƷ
˶ԣƢǱȫгˣҲ̫ӰΪ£
ʱѵƢ˨ˣȻǷǳõһ¡
̧ͷ˿Ƶ߽ڣȻܳɣƢ˨ô
ܳɵ˵ͷ˵ˡ׼Ҫ˨˫֫ŶŶ˴ĳѪҶ࣬ʧѪʧѪٶ࣡
һ̶ȵؼ˫֫ĶѵµѪҺʧ
ڣġ
ܳɽƽòˣ
ӹɶȥ˨ŶĳѪ
˶ĻƵģ
66طţ
ʵܳƽ͵ĽҪΪ˱˷ʲô͡
ܳɲϣٵʱ䣬ֻϣúõذ̨á
Ȼ½ǬΪʲôˣܳɲ
̨˭̨ϣͲԸһҽߵְҵͬʱܳҲھؿסԼ

ԼĪʮ֮
ߵĲ꣬ܳǱ߾һȽϴĹ̡
̵֮ǰܳڳеʱ򣬾һ̨֮ͬ
ɽڲûա
ʱж˧ʮа·
ǣϾֻһ尡󲻹Ҳѡ
ʵҽƹУһԿرеģŻȥһ˵֫ȸ˨˵飬һӦ˵ܻܲֹܲѪܱ֫ܲ
ֱӾͰѴ˨˨Q飬ǾͲһˣ
Ȼ֫Ҳܱס
٣ΪԼڽ֫Ĵ˺Ӧ
ҲܹﵽֹѪЧ
һнжȶ
ǣ£˻ˣ֫ûˣȥһ룬屾
ŵж󣬳ܹ˴ο֮⣬ǷһӶҪܱӿµ尾
Щˣֻǽ֫һȣͻӦϰи־쳣ȫûˣȥǵǼ˲ܽĽ
ܳЩδ̰Ǽڶ˵ǰ½Ǭݵ֮ٽʦжʦãǿͨѪܶѵķʽڵѪ𣿡
ܳɵǺƽȣ
˵װƣֻˡ
ǣܳ⻰˶˶̧ͷȻκҲ㶣ܳɡڵµ΢ţҭסƿڴĻ
ո깷Ҷ
ΪİѪƵĶ֮ҪƵĽϿΣ
У
ǣܲܲҪһЩĿǰĻ
ѪѹԶĻߣڶѳѪܹ֮ͨ΢Ľȥģǣǻڽļɵģ
äٵĻǾˡ
Ƶķ룬ӦðⶪƵĶ裬𶪸Һ
ܳСѣ
˶ܹʱ֪
߽ܳ⻰˿ƶڡ
ڵıҲ̱ʮ־ʡ
ڵĲ׼ˣ
žֱӰѼҽĻˣ㲻Ҫ֫ˣֱӼCVPûѡ
Ȼְ߽ڼҪеļ֢еƢѵƢ˨ˡ
Ƣ˨ˣڿȥǻܽм￪̽˾
ƢҪ˵ģôһŪ߽ھֻ˴򹤵ˣ
㿪㣬ʼնֻһ벡˵Ǻ޹ϵģ
ͬӦ֮һˣѾſֽţ׼տݼƬʱ˿п޵Ƕ
Ǳžȥ߽ڣŷǳżѡϸ·ŰƤпء
Ͼֲͱˣֱŵһ¾ֱӵȥˡ
Ҫǿô򵥵Ļһˣһѵܽ˰ҪôȥôбֱЩʲ㶼Ҫһһдġ
ĶѾǳˣǣҲͲסܳ⺢Ӳ˰ûȥͰԼҪĶˡΪƢҪĵһ¾ǰƢ
ܳɲİƢ˨ֹѪ֮ͬ
͸Ӳ˵ˣӷܳ˵Ҫ˨Ƣһıµġ
֮ܳǰ˨֫ᷨҲǰҪҪ֫ĹǿƷκˡ
ʵ̨һеܣȫһǿƵĸڡ
൱ھ˵
ơơѪơǿƣܳһӻ㡯ĸ
ڻ㣬ֶܳƶˡ
ҽȻѪƵˣڵѪܣһֱļ
нڴ­Ѫ׵ʱҲƵĽȥԲٵġƶҵ­Ѫס
ѾͷƤ˿ֻʱ̫̣ûüģͻȻ⻰һ̧˵˨濪­Ѫ
ҲҪп­Ѫ­ֹѪĲģҲǷǳ
Ϊ­ڳѪһ㲻ΪѪ²
ǳѪ­ڣһǳҪĶγ޵Ļ죬ܱøһЩ
ж
ÿĵطˡ
ܳɵᷨӵϿ϶еͨģֻǣѵĲˣǶǱȽϴĶڼ£˨ֹٷѪȻſԵȦ
֣
кüѪģܷŵýȥ
ܳ˵MRAгMRIʵһ΢İ취ļѪ׸ų
赱ʱ;҃
TMҪ˵ĻҴôͷƤƤ
ҿ׼ӹаܹѳѪ㶨ôֶ෢Ѫ㣬­ھѪ֮ҲмٷѪ
­ھƣʵʺĲ֡ԼҪȰ֮
Ӧġ
ʱ򣬲˵Խ΢ԽԽã
ҪܹĿ
ѵʱ䣬̨Ž⣡
ǿǿ­ȥֹѪֹѪѪһˮֱˡ
ҾҪ­ھҲҪǰ갡
ֻǿܺڵĲ̫һ¡ҪǰͷȻжλ
ܳҡҡͷ˵ҵ˼׺õ˿ܣ͵Ѫ׵λúֱӳѪס
һ⻰ʱһüһﰡ
⵽ǵӴǵС
Ӵôʲô
Ȱ­ھŽȥֹѪͺˣҪǵС
СӵĵӾͲС
ؿ˿ܳɣȻͣʣ𣿡
Ҫ˵㲻ᣬھͰˣ
ԼǲģǰұƵĵزԼֲȻҪȥԵĻҪİСӣҪǰ㽲
˶ĻҲûЩв֮⡣
ҿԡܳ۾
ƣǿƵļƣǺܽӽһңԣܳģʱ򣬲СľͻһЩӦļԼӦ⡣
ر­ڵҪṹˣı֣ڹǿƵĻϣܳɵ͸롣


İ ɱ˲õ
ЦϷÿӦӦ
һֻ̨ҪȽϺһ㣬ߴϣˮƽֱܹóġ
CT´Ѫ
ȻǴСģǣҲֻʺڵѪ׵رǻȽϴѪףͱȽʺϡ
Կٵذ
½ǬѪױȽ϶࣬Ǻܴ£­ھ㣬ܻҪӰȫһ㣡
Ƕ뷨ҲǱȽϳ뷨
½ǬݵĲ鱾ͲһճĽǶȺ˼άǾֱӵˡ
ԣһʼܳɵ˼·ûѰ·߹
ҽѧ֮ҪչǵǰĴ֪ʶˮƽԶ޷ев֢һҽѧˡ
Ҫ֪£˭ȥ˨֫Ķأ
˼·ڽˣôٽнֹѪôͷ­Ѫ׵˼άʲôеģֻǣǰҪԼ
ܳɵ˵ͷ˵ҿ
ʱܳɾûٿ׻ǫˣʱԼǫ鼸Σ½Ǭ˶Ҫûˡ
ܳʵһʼҪֱˣֻܡ
ϴѧҽԺܳӵƣں˵£ܳԼȥᣬֱӸֺͲ̶˵һ
Եһʱ俪ʼھԺôܳҲֱܹӽҪ̨ȥʼλڵǫܹ֮̃
Ժγλʦڡ
ǻɽҽԺ棬ֻԻɽҽԺҽţ
γҲҪ߳
ȻҪߵĳܼ򵥡
ܳɲǸСҽǸҵڷǳ֪ĸڵĻܳҲҪô΢ȥָĽ飬ֱӾˣһҵרҵǷĽҺˡ
ܳɲǰ
ǻɽҽԺ˶ʶܳɡ
ܳԼĿǰԼļˮƽеŵģǱ˲֪
˶֪⻹Ǿ㡣
ҰΪ˼ά裬߽ڼûܳɿڴԼ˼·ʱȥѾˡ
ϾܳģнΪ˵ͳˣҲǺܶࡣ
Ȼܳɾ͵ѲʦܲܰƬĵ԰ƹһ£ҪĳѪλáҪֹѪ­ˣлл
ܳôһ˵̾͵ѲأϽѵƹMRAӰ
ţҲԼĹСܣףֻҪֹѪ
ЩΣգڱҪ£ǸðģܲҪһСﵥĳӢۡ
ôҲǻɽҽԺƵĽڣǲִѪ
ֻǣûоԵİա
ÿҽĵһӦǣһܹУʲô©ȥ鷳һжѡ׼ӦµŽ⣡
ǣܳʵ֮ǰе㱰ϥؿǵ뾡˸ּ˵ķʽ¡
ٱԼʵʱʱ̿ԱˣȻܳҪȫľˣôðһգʡʱ䡣
ѪܳɻǶһ䣬ҪѪ׿еܳɿɲ֫Ѫ˨ȡʱȺֱסˣûˡ
İɣҿ϶Уǳ侲ػš
ܳɵʱ͵˵ͷ΢΢һתͻȻˣﻹԼ˵ܳɴ磬㻹Ǳ̫Ʈˣ
ڻɽҽԺﲻܹ޼ɵĵطĽںרң㿴ĻҪࡣ
ô˵ɣʵĿǰѧҽԺĽڣܹչʽչķΧҪ㷺öö࣬뷨ҲǷǳġ
ֻǣڴ£ΪĿǰҽƻĹϵܶණЩǶԸȥԸȥԡ
ԼΪεؿνרҹʶνָ֮£ΪֻܹΣһе⣬ҽƼˮƽϡ
ģģģûҪȥðա
һ˾Ҳϸָ֮飬ָ֮ĲΥĲ
ʮֱ£ֳԷ͵ˣֲԱһȫ⡣ѵͲ
Ϊֵıº뷨һٸУһ⣬Ȼ˷ͥû˵ûаҽԭ£ûаָƣ
ȫǮǸְӰпҽȥˡ
αأ
ˣ£ܹ˵Ļܳɻежġ
лл㣬Žڡ
û˵ϾͿʼʽȻʼԱ­Ѫ׵λÿʼ˶λߡ
ߵһ֣ƺǱе㺦ˣڵʦѪ׵ֱ̫òʵ
ͷֻǻһ
Ҳֻܹͷȥˡ
Ȼ󣬾ʱҵſͻȻ;ۼ˺ܶˣǣЩ˶ֻΧҵſڣسţǣûһزȿҵţӰ쵽ȵĲ
ѲػʿһⳡΪʲô飬ϵſԼһ»
̨ΪԺԷĹϵѲػʿϴֻʿ䱸ûƣҪʮͺʮңʵȱˣԼܶ

ڽš
ֹܳѪٶҲܿ죬ϾӣͰѺü­ڵĳѪ㶼ˡ
ʱƵ˲ŰѸ򿪡
ٶѾˣϾܳ˾ڣŹӶѡ
ӣ̽пڲλճ޾ĤпƤƤֱ֯ǰõһСڣȻüֱ¼ǰʡ
ؼάѪǯõָ븹ֱ컮ӦǯжϣȻ˿߽
ֱǣֱʼĤгĤѪǯھдԲԼһ״мȻ߷иĤ¼һظһκõп
ЩǲٵģټֹѪḶ́ٶѾǼٶ˺òã
ֻǣܳƢֹѪ­ڶֹѪٶȣе̫˶ѣ
֮󣬷Ǳ߰֫Ѫܶ˨ˡܳɵʱ΢΢һ
һļطǶȽˡ
­ڳѪ󣬾û̫⡣ƢѴ˾е˲رأƵĽҲСһ
ʱƵϽҲ˺Ϣ˵زĳѪ̫࣬ࡣ
ҽҲǳػһ˵CVPƽȵˣ߻ѪӦûȶģʱʱݿ˵ʱˡ
涼˺Ϣ
ΨһϢǣ֮ǰ˨˫֫Ѿǿʼ˨ˡ
ϾѪѪҺȫǿıѭֹ֮ͣ󣬾ͣˡѪҺڲǻˣͻ̼ԴԺԴѪϵͳļȻѪҺ̡
ǣȴѾֻصܳϤĳˡ
׼ô˿ͷȻʱΣĵطʱԽˣ˫֫˫֫˨ôھ֮ǰ˨ĶȡѪҺƶˣѪǲˡ
ȱѪ͸ˣʱ֫Ķ⻵ĻôҲòģǾǽ֫һԵؽе鷳
ܳ˵ڣ֮ǰɶʹڵĸԶΣٿһСӣȻٰѶѪ˨ȡȻ֮ͨǰMRAɼĳѪ㣬ѡԵͨ׼ֹѪȻٰ˨ȡͺˡʵڲôĳѪ㣬ֲֹѪͺˡ
⻰˼ͺܼ򵥣Ѳ˨ȡˣѲҪĳѪͨ˨ֹѪҪĳѪ㣬ȡѪ˨֮ڳѪ㴦׼˨ֹѪ
⻰˺÷վŵѪƵҽǿʼƫţεؿЦ
ĿЦֵ֭Ŀࡣ
ܳɽĻƽרҵϵѶȣ޷ġ
ܲܰѻòҪôⰡ
òǴ˿̵ķӦû֮ǰôˣϾʲô鶼һϰߵĹ̡ϰˣҲû֮ǰôˡܳɶäٵѪ涼ȥˣäٸ֫ȡ˨׾ٵô
ǻʲôþȵأ
΢΢źϣ˵ͷÿλãȿʼɣ˨ϱۿʼҪ˨ӿܻҪٵ㣬ѶҲҪӵһ㡣
߽ڣܲܰ¶ʵĵʿڣһûܳɻش÷ǳ٣ҲеΪѡƺЩɬ
ܳ⻰ֱӾ÷ͼѪƵˣ֪ʹʲôƵˡ
ԣ
ҲҪעް
ܳǫ飬ֻе˶ѡ
Ҳܹ⣬ܳΪиõĲжѡҪôҵıϣѿ
ô˵ʱҵţƿˡ
Ȼżһ괩ϴ·ƿñӵˡ
Ϊ׵ˣһλ޽ǰ߰׵ߣ֮󣬾ͺһڣڵôһλӾҽԺħרҡ
ȻλԾ̳ҽԺũڡ
˵ǻɽҽԺԺʱͷ˻顣
ҽԺѪõҽԺʵǿᣬõҽԺǾ̳ҽԺڹٷϣôġ
ȻɽҽԺƵۺʵȫڶڸ֪ĶרҺͽڡ
ԺŽ꣬ܵũڣһλ˫ۺ峺߱鲼߾Ϳ˵ˣԺҾͲ̨ˣжŽڡڵȺܺá
Ҳȶ
λѪƵĽڣȴüͷ΢ţ½Ǭݵ֫ŵ˵ڣ֫Ѫ˶ô룬ɵģ
⿴񰡣
ȻҲʶģħĹԻܶ࣬Ľ֮ײ뽻Ƕ࣬ԻϽڵĴ໥ʶ
Ϳںߵǰ֫ѪѪ˶ȷΪ˿ټ򵥵ֹѪϵġ
ʱƢѣ­Ѫף崴׼ֹѪѾάѪ˽ƽˣҺСܾѡ˱
ͨ
ԣüͷһ壺֫ҲΪһѡɽڲûա
ѹʽ½50ҲܹȹˣҪܸˮƽġ
ڿһѪѹʾ
˵ʧѪޣȻĻڻߵʾѾҲˣߵʱѾ160ղŸɲá
һ֮󣬳̷׷׸ԼѧټʣôѪҺһҪע߼Ѫ֢лԼж
֧Ͱһ¾ҩٶȡ
µˡ
Һ٣Ѿæͣˡ
ԺҲûڵĲһͲ˵飬ֻԺΪ˱ʵڣũڣǿǧҪƴǰ̨ѶȼߵļϵλڣǧҪ˼ʲô֡
⻰ееŤ
ֻǣ⻰˶ûأרƵˣȥƬϸĶ顣
ǿƵķκϳ⼸λ֮ĬĬ˹ȥ˵١Σʦγʦѧ̨ܳˡ
ʲô١Ϊתͷ̨Ͽȥ
١ΪԱߵҲǾֱܳȽϤ
ܳɣѾ̨Ͻˣ֫˨ˣ˵Ӻκ͡
Ȼ١ΪܳɵӰ֮󣬲ŵͷͣʦλܳǡ
һǿƵˣҲͶκˣȻڼ



İ 漣ĵ΢ĩ֮
ʶܳɵģֻֻܳһ֮ԵǱȥܳɵĴϣȻҲż֣ϾӴ
һ֮ԵܳǿñһװûܳɵݣȷǺ顣
ȻδܳɽӴΪǿרҵΪĴУ̫ܳɵ֡
ҽҵڵķչܹĵزеĽ֣ԽŵĹͣʵĹܳڵŶӡ
ܳһˣΪо϶ŶΪλ˳ؿչŵġ
ԺȻСڵĻҺŽھͲ̨ˡ١ΪĿе˼ظԺ˵
ãȻĻ±Ϊǰڼӡ
ңԺʿǳҲôһţԽƺ
ԺҲɵӣôڶôΪôһ˵϶еġ
ų̂ϵͳģҲһ߾ؿš
Ȼ˵ũڡŽڣǽһˣֻϣٵһʱźá
˽˹ǴæģȻڶų̂ԺǲϣֱӰ⼸λ
ܳɺһ£һʲô⣬⼸λ϶ǾõĴܡ
ڣԸӷģǲܳɣΪӱԡ
̨ϣֹҽʦҲʲô£и˼·һ̨֣ϵļѾһŶӣͲٴβɢˡ
Ҷھؿ̡
ѪƵķѪ˨֮󣬺ͻȻãûɶ̫ˡ
֮ǰ֮Խ˨֮ѭ飬ֻ鼱֮¿˿ڶѡ
½Ǭ˨ĶֻйɶŶǣϵĶͨͷѪͨ֫ĶҲͨڶ͹ڵһϵеľɻͨ
һѭ飬ǻõˡûи˵ʱôºͿֲ
Ҫ顣
ܳڸν˨֮Ķ෢˨ˡ
Ļ½Ǭݵǿܾ˹֫Ͳˡ
ȻܹѴ˨£ҪЩٴŪͨ˳顣
ͨ˨ˣֻǵ߶˨
ǻܹ״ģһһ˨ģѪܽпȡ˨һ֫嶼˨Ǿֻѡ֫ˡ
ѾѪ˨ĩˡ
ôҲԺָʾϧһдۣҪס½Ǭݵ
֫ûˣҲڲϧһд档
ֻǰɣ˵ѶȵѪȡ˨һпԴ۵ʵϾпɲԵԴͷΪԿٵͨĶʹܣʹڣֱӲ棬ѪҺҲû취
еʱ򣬲ǷǣλӸҽԺڣҲΪڵ״ġ
Ͼ֮ԻɽҽԺͲʲôԺ룬ǴӾֱӴĵ绰½Ǭ֮Ҫ˫֣ҲǷǳҪġ
ʵʵΪ֣ܳɷѪȡ˨ĵʹܣ֣ôªҴͳȡ˨ʽܳΪҪôҪ
ڣֱõʹȡ˨ķʽ١ݵȡ˨ʽȱȽǣΪܳҪѡôصһ
ܳҲûнͣסˣڵñˡ
רҵ
֫ȣסһΣ½ǬҲǷǳϤġ
߾Ϳʼˡ桯Ķȡ˨
ܳԽԽˣرӵ¶Ѫȡ˨רҵˮƽ£ǸӵӦ֣һȡ˨Ḷ́ǳ˳˿ûκεĶٴС
ܳһʼȡһСѪ˨ʱ򣬴Ҷûʲô
ȫѪ˨˨ȡ˨ѵ㲻ڰͷһѪ˨ȡ
˭˭С
סԺҽʦ۾Ҳ
ڶȻ޶ԣⲻͨŶŶ֧³㶯Ѫ˨ȡô
ҲûʲôԾ޵ģһЩҽʦ͸ڣҲܹɣѵ㲢
ˣ븷ҽԺڶˣһֱעܳɵĲûмдκ˽ֻǵشԼרҵǶȳ۲ܳɵ̡
ַ죬̿Ҳʮֵ˿
رȡѪ˨ʱڸֱһƣ˵˾䣺Ư
΢ٺܺá
Σежܳ˷֮⣬ûκܹ飡
Ϊ
ܳɾֻôѪ˨ȡѡ
Աߵũڣ˶Ǻؿһۡ
֪Լʧ̬ٿڵ˵Ա
УκδĶԣ׸ǶĽ˵ޣȻˡ
رڼΪŵ£ûԸһЩϻ
ڻǷ֣΢ٵʱҲǰ΢ϸˣҶתԼָĲϵ÷ǳȻ
ţСܣڼϲ裬ѾǸֲˣԣܹҲ̫֡
ɳȥԺΪѪƵĴã϶ʲô¡
ر˨ᷨԽԽУ
ܹܳӹɶäٵ­ȥϣܾͻûܳȥ˵ĵطˡ
ǣܹܳתսѪƣ
ҪǵѪư
ǣܳȡ˵Ѫ˨ʱ˵ɫͱˣ
ҽܴܲһ½˵ȡѪ˨Ժδץס˻ᣬʼѯܳ
ܳôģܲڲĹУ΢ţ΢һ㣬ö࣬ҪӰ쵽ܳԼĲٶȾͺá
Ͼڵ⣬½ǬݵĲ
ǷΪѧԼ׵ģڷû취ԲܳɵȡѪ˨

⣬ܳɾܹشˣ
ΪӰĽ̺Ͳܳɾ˵ȡ㶯ˡ
ڸϽʣ㶯
ŶֱӴȥ㶯
Ҳû֮ܳǰĲ
ɽҽԺѪƣȫҲǰҵλáܳɣȻĿֲز
˵Сܻӹɶе­ֹѪأ
⻰ֱˣԱƵũڵıҲǾ
ԺԱߣ̬̬֮˵⣺գ
ܳһ°Ϊרҵԣ˶Ľ˵ǰǲӰ쵽ԼĲ
˼ΪרҵĲ£ȻͲǵˣѪƵˣʱɫµ˶䣬©һ֣νȫע
ֻǣĹУܳɲûк̸۵⣬˵ķʽԼŵľԼѪƫƶȣˣȻӰ쵽ܳɱĲ
˶ģϾܳʱ䲻Ҫһ
ǣܳؼĲָĸоͺ϶˸ѣȻȥԺ֣ĲУܳǸķʽʲô־Լ̫çײ޳ˡ
˼ûʱ䣬ʱ䣬ô˵
Ҳ̫˰ɣ

ʮ̨֮ܳ
ܳµһ̣ܳɲŻһ
ҳɹˣѾˣֻϣûи½ʦʲô֢ɣ
˲˼Ϊҵ֮󣬷֫Ѫ˰ҲǼõġСѾǡôؽ֮ǰѪ㶼һһˣ
ĿǰCVPȻȶ
­ڵҺҲһֱƽȣҪػ
ǻҺѾ𲽵ļˣСʱ5mlѪҺ
вִˣٵĳѪ㣬ѾˡƢȻΪ˱гˣ٣Ժ̫Ӱ졣
ÿڶ𱨱Լ
ֻʣ¹ǿƵһȫֻе㿴ʸĽڷǳƵԼñӣ١ΪֻǹĦǼһ̨ʾԵûǹǿƵ˿
⻰ڹʵҲΪ˻Ծա
Ȼ˸į֮ǰǶôϣԼֻ˸įֻûʲôеźѡ
ǣʵܹۼ֤ôصնܹȹḶ́Ҳû̫źˡ
һˣǵǰȫ綼ǰеѾεĶ෢֮һ˰ɣ
١Ϊĸпš
ЦЦ˿١Ϊˣ˵١ڲСܻ߷˨һ㡣
١Ϊüͷ塣
ϵ١Ϊô˵ٽСܲǹǿƵ˰
Сܣ
١ΪһҵǺһֱӰѷϵСĹǿҽǹǿƳ˧磡
ʱ򰡣ܳǹǿƵĳֱƽʱԼƵ˰ѹǿƵ˶ʲôľʿçײˣ
Ͼ;ùǿƾԵĴھˡ
ڣ١ΪܳǲǻɽҽԺĹǿưҵڵʱ򣬻̨ѧʱĲ磬Ҫһ¶ʱ򣬾Ծ¹ǿһҡ
ǵĲҲܾϸģΪĴӣǵı⣬ҲǸ˺ðɣ
ֻǡڳɳΪ֮ǰ̧ǧȣλϸְȵȣǵѡ
ǣۺϷչ
ҽʱķΧ΢


İ ҵĵһ
˻ҹ˸Ӿϵħ
˸֮󣬱ֱɽҽԺȥ
Դȥ֮󣬹˻ĿǰֹܵҽϵͳĶ⡮һ顣
ÿһҵ񣬶ҪؼԵ˲֧š
Ŀǰ˻յ˲Դϣ½ǬΪҪļ֮һӰ֮еκһ˲
Ҳ˵½ǬݱļˮƽͼҽҩڵĹף½ǬĿǰյ˼ʹϵǻΪҪġ
ܹ½ǬعͷƱƣôͻ־֮ʿعף
ĿǰľûѾչһĲΣҽҵˮƽҲ˴ȵҪһǾͱҪƽ̨
ڵĻĻʱģҪӵΪҽϵͳоŶӣô͵ðڳԼ̬ȣ
зԽãҽҵõרȨԽ࣬Խ࣬롢˰գԽܹҽƱշĿȱ
еҽϵͳʽݶֻݶ֮һʮ֮һ
ܹıջڲܼͣܶྭø⡣
ĿǰĴ󻷾£ǲԵܣ
οȥҩƷɹʱֱסֽţȵĸоûԸһֱӵȥģ
ǰǣʱƽ̨
½Ǭؼ㡣
½Ǭݵݱ⣬Թ˻ҪԹһˣĻǱһ˶סţôǷع᲻ѾЩ˺ĵ顣
ǱǩԵӰ졣
Ϊ˵飬ԲᣬȥǣҪ½ǬݵסǵһҪ
Ļħ棬ҲüΪ
Ͼ½Ǭݻع֮󣬵һվȵ˾ϱӪҲھħ棬ԴǮд󻰣ģȻ׼ħһأΪ͵ҽоġ
˻ڻɽҽԺ³֮󣬱ίԱϵͳӭӣ˲½ǬݽĿǰѾΣգڻɽҽԺICUѡ
ѾõרҺͽʱһʱ齨õҽƶǳɹڼСʱھƽ
Ŀǰݶרҵ½º֢ĸʷǳС
Ѿˣô뵽ľǲȣ˸Ȼȥ׷顣
˻Ҳǳﻹаֵ֮磺ԭ鵽𣿾ֻǼ򵥶Ź
ǴܣĿĳͻ
ʩѾһʱˣ˵湩ר½Ϲ˵½֮ǰڹʱרŶԹڵĲȡרãѹեڵİգ㱨ˣȻΣĿǰ־Ѿһסˡ
ƨ
ҥ˭ųģ˻ŭˡ
ҹÿǬݼŽڵҽʣƽһжʮԪڵߴڶԷ˰ա
ͳרòëǮҲܽѹե˻һ䣬Ȧˡ
ξ˵ϵĲô࣬ۺˡڻû˵˭ת˺öΣתϢֵģĿǰԴС
˱סûУ˻ôһ
סˣϴ̬ҲܳϿҡųıģֻǵѰ£ҲûʲôԵ˵
ʱ֪δá
ϵͳ˵˻ӣһУһСѧ
˴£ǲǹ⣬ҲΪ˸۵ġ
뱻ֵĻǾдɣ
һ飬½ڹ֮һλԻ½ڸ֮ǰ漰Ǹǰ׷˶ʮ꣡
ҲҪһϢȶɡȥ½ѹ˻òᡣ
ҪȶԷʲôҲûִȨðѸôĻ
ҽ漰Ĵ⣬˭ⷽΣ˭
ÿһҵ˶⣬ӰСǬݼȻˣĳһЩƸȻعڣ½ǬݻˡôͻܹٴһǬݼŵĴڡ
һݣʱֻڻ
˻Ϊ½Ǭܹһ⣬ٿ˼˰֮õļƻʮꡣ
˻ˣ˸ûˡ
˻еλƤ˲£ɫҡ
½Ǭݻû˻ȻǵICUſڣȡ˸½ǬݵǰѾȶֻѹƻҪСʱŷġ
ͽҽԺĻҵɳϣ׼˯ٵȡ
˯֮ǰ˻ǲͨܳɵֻ֮ͨ󣬹˻˵ҽˣһΣħĻ½ڣ׶༪ˡ
ʦҲѣҲҺͶλʦͬŬĽ½ôܳôʡ
ܳǰİʦ½Ǭݵģ½ǬûӦܳҲֻܽ½Ǭ½ʦ½ˡ
ûһжƽȡҽڵĹȥ룬㷽Ļ½ѹ֮㻹Ҫһ¡
Ͼҽ˻ǳôʡ
ʦħˣڸϻؼҵ·ϣĿǰϴѧҽԺסԺܲٲȥְܳڻĵǻں
ҪĻҿŬµһ¹ʱ䡣
סԺյûʲôڵġ
ǣҪܳɸҪİ
ãҵʱڵĵλϵҽҲúϢһ£һΣˡ
һ·ҽҲջСɣ˻˶һ졣
ɹʦ񰮣ȷ˲ٵļʶҲľսµˡܳЦǺǵؿ˸Ц
ûһ֮ǰֻܳãӴһЩ棬ĵӦò֮࣬󣬻Ƿ֣вˣա
ΪǮƣиָΣգ˲õ·ӣ
ңһεж˰·ϵĹߡ
ͺñԼʦ֣ƽڣǱ˸ɨ˳ȥ
ͺñȣָ磡
һԺҲǱ˳ȥ
һЩʶͺãǱȻֻΪ󲿷£޷ˣǼܴڵ塣
ܻ˵ġ
֮Ҫҽһ⣬Ҫϣίɵҽϡ
ҽ֮ǰڳеʱ򣬸ǴϺʼʵǳ壬Ǹ˽ڵؼеĲյ︺伲ҽҪԭ򡣡
Ҫȫ񽡿ᣬΪġ˻ôһ䡣
ܳɵ˫ۣͬܶ
ʦҿ²аɣҾгҸ㲻õġֻܳԼܹһҽˣҪȥ飬Ȼɲˡ
ңܳɻндơ
˵ҪȥݷλڵģҲûʱ䡣
ҽ㲻ƴǣ£ҪΪ֮һΪ꣬еĻ飬صġ
ҩĿĹ淶̵ѵصݣҹĿǰԱٵһЩѵ㣬ǹڣѧѧߣѧоߣǵĿлЩԣ
⣬ǿԱĴǲǴȱ©лͥ⣬ӵĽѧȵȸ棬ҪͳЭһ¡
ֻ֪ǵҪ͵ǣܹ֪ΪûԸ
ǹҵĳѧԱУȥѧˣ󲿷˶δ֪һ£ԭ򣬵Ǯ⣬ǻ⣬Ĺǡ
ҲħĵڶĿģҽ̸ģҽ㹤æǾ͵绰ˡ
Ǿô˵˰ҵʱᰲ˸㷢뺯ҽҪʱ˻ô˵꣬صҶ˵绰
ܳɺЩȴЩء
һΣܽѲ飬ʵ˺ܶ˵ɱȨȥӣǸɳ飬ȴǰһ߲Ĳʿ͵֪ȥˣǱеְλ
ⲻʲô¡
һοᣬԼڱƱʲôӰ쵽ľͲǸˣеͬ
⵽ʱ򣬱˵ԼӲţզ죿
ͺñȣǰѾչסԺҽʦ淶ѵߣϰ˰ٱʺˡ
ٿԪĴʼˣÿ궼ȥá
ǣ˻Ȼôˣô飬϶ҪġЦҲûЦ
ڲϵسɳУи飬㲻ϵǰߡ
ܳҲãԼܲܣԶվҽƴҵԱĽǶȣҲԶֻվҽƴҵԱ벡˵ĽǶȣҪǶȣԼҵ
£Ȳ˰ɡ
ɻأʱѾʮ㡣
ȻûӣǹգѾȥˣܳҲûɳأֱӻص˵λ
ܳһȥ˵飬˾ɵۣ
ֻڿܳɣ˲˾ǡ
һˣֵҽҲ֪ȥ˺δ
Сܣˣٲҿ¾ҪICUˣһΣʡǳˡ
ҽԺˣ𣿡
ܳ⣬ڵֻûͻֻѹ
û𣿡
ûܳɵͷ
ڱѶȵ㣬ݸܳɣ飺ϴѧҽԺĳĳڡ


İ ը֮˵
ܳڶƵܹĶȻֻֻƬǾһЩ͸¶Ķܳɾˡ
УܳûټڶƵѰ𰸣ھʣڸ磬飬ôģһţ
˭󲿷ˣҪڴҽԺڻ죬ʦŵġ
£ϴѧҽԺ붥һʺӣλڵʦҲԸⰡ
ϴѧҽԺϴѧҽԺһǽڸơ
Ҳ飬ֻǵ䵽ڵϣȷЩ˼ˣڸȥˣ˿ûбǣժøɾ
Ǵʱ¿Ҳǻھô˿ܳһסԺԴܹ顣
ңɳУ֪Ļеˣ£˵ҲӣҲ򵥡
λĳǷϼڲ飬ǷԼϣ˵Լѧϣ
İһؿʼ
ع⣬ĳϣ׵ˣȻڼΪݣʵԺҵһλ˶ʿо⼸λסԺҽʦתģ
СܣӦҲ֪˶ʿоõǹҵĲסԺҽʦ淶ѵõҽԺҹͬļЧ޹ءõ٣ҵĿйء
˵λ磬ڼ䣬Կ˼ЧԼϡ
ϴѧҽԺס죬Ϊ˸ԼĴˮƽٴĽǸĵĽѧǾŪһʦͷƶȡ
סԺҽʦרҵ˶ʿϿۣŲʦндʦס룬ҽԺԼҸеЧ
׬ߺȵ飬Ҳû˻ǮġӴˣʲôС
Ūĳ˵ʦȥˣֱӰƶȥ˼ƣզզΡҲ뱾ĺ˶ϵ
ʱܵѹ֮߳󣬿϶ȥƵĵһ
Ȼȥ˼֮Ϊ˸ҽʦеȨޣɼƾһתվĳԼʼСƣȻû
Ҳ֪ѧҽԺڸϵȨޣſĳ̶ģ˱ȽϴȨԵͳˡ
ʱȻûģԼ˽˽ѹȣǾܲ˰˼ұҵֱ֮Ӿͱˡ
һ¸㣬ȺסԺҽʦож໢һΣܵ˲ƽĴֱдŵ˽ίԱͶ䡣
ͶŲ·յϴѧҽԺҽƣҸһ°ϴѧҽԺҽơ񴦡ϴѧĽ񴦣Ͷ߰칫ҡʡίԱᡢʡ
Խ˶ٴΣϱģ
ĳ˵ľٱţҲǳǸطڵЩˣƢĲܲˣҰͱƵģôţһ
ԺҲҪСĵ㣬Ѿ֮ǰǸˣǴ̵ʱҲҪע㷽ʽͳߴ硣ûҪѧģҲԼĺӣѧѧ¡
ԲˣҲܽˣڰѻ΢£һ£
ܳûּ˵Ȼ׵ǣЩѧľٱϣѹͲǺ죬ǻ¼ɵƵĵ㡣飬һ㶼رܵġ
ݣҵĳλѣƵƣʱ䣬ʲôܵ飬¼ҽʦʵ˺üΡ
˼Ǹڰһ㲻ͻȥ࿴飬ֱӰ˸˻ȥȻ⻹Ͱˣ
סԺҽʦоĶʮСʱֵĲҪ취ڵҲ͸㲻ˣǾɶôôȱǮ
յϴѧҽԺԸߵĴǲİ
²⣬ܺҽһĹϵûˮҲûԸõĹĵ͵ÿ
ǲͲ
Դĳϱ֮ȻڶоǣסԺҽʦǣҲǿʼ飬֮ǰʦʦǣʼҽԺӦ֮ǰͰ֮ǰܲ˵סԺȵȶա
̫࣬ʦҲãҲãʦҲãѹס
ڣ˳ȥԼûкùӳԣɳеôֵܵλܹˣΧһתڣѲ˶û뿪
Ҳ˲²⣬ǻиĹϣ˳ѸĹϸסˣȻǵ;˵ˡ
ַȥ꾭Щ֮ڲȺ鼤ܵ״̬ǼҽԺۿɼļ١
ܳǺܿҵ˻ڻ©ûоεĻԾٱֻѧĻ㲻ôĶɣ
һѲֻڼ֮ܲǰİ
ˣλڣڴϡһʱ䣬ΪӦ飬ûаѿغԺļﲡˣץ˸Ρ
ĻһѧҲûֵӣû£ŷˮ
Э֮£һЩͬ½һ»ˮĻҪƶˡ
Ҳ뿪磬ȻƵλϽڶ꣬һΣƵΣԩرŪˡô
СܣԷһɣһġ
ɣ͵ݵ˳ཷԲܳҪ͡
ҶСҲûرֻ˻ȥȻһˮȻֵǽƣ֮Ҳû˸Ҹ˵ѾȽȥˡ
黹û꣬Ī˵ǶҽԺ
ڣҽԺڲһѲһʡ棬Ҳʼίǰ
׷𡢴̡֡
˵ڣǿĶڣǣˣǻ¼ҽʱ飡
ңɳаҽԺڲѲУ̶ڣҲܵЩǣڻȥЩ¶
ڿﵱҵģֻмλˣҲ£СҲˣĲˣܿնˡ
˼Ѿкü춼ûβˡһܼܲˡ
ôһ֣ÿĻֹΣѾϾίɳȥƽˣһܼﶼܲ
ֻҪֽų˵ѪҶȥһˣȻҽƵҽŸҰ
ôһԺֻصԭĴԺλã֮ǰĴԺ֣
զܳɰˣҲˣܺ档
ģѧ٣ְƽе鱻˳ѧȥģٴʱ䲻࣬ʱ䶼ʵңҲһؼë
ȻⲻһѲҪݣǣ¼ѧȦڻӰȽϴģڵͷζδܱסԺͻˡ
ʱûкʵίɣҲõ˹ֻηֹˣԾ˵ݣԿǷǳ
ûӰ쵽ԼֻһССС㣬ĲۣӰ쵽ϡ
ԭҳȥʱ䣬Ƿƹ䣬ˡ
ڸ磬ˣҵöԼηܳ齲ţΪ棬ڻöסԺλֵࡣ
ǵҳԷǴӶȼٴϻģЩ£
Ŷˣ̫࣬ҶǸ㽲ˣƷǰǿҿܻƸһѧƴͷ˵Ľڣһذը
ܳдʺš
ʵҲûɶƷڵСӣǿĳֺĲĵĹӦ̣۸񲻸ߣԼҲ֪Ҳؼʱ̣ӣҽԺֱӿˣκɡ
Ӧ֪ǿ˶ĹӦôš
ܳɵȻ֪ԼͲһЩֻħ
϶Ǹ
һ߿ҵ;ܽģˮֱӴӲɹģǲˮְɣܳɶһ䡣
ڵСͳԹˡô
ֱ֤ݡ
˵ҩˣһĹϵֻҪûйֵ۸񣬻ǸһЩè壬Ҳġ
Ͼÿ˴ҵһɶãҽԺбҪĺĲġ
൱ǹ˾ľˮģ۸һ˭ҲͰǮ׬Ӧ
ǳԷ˱ƬǾûýˣŲġ
ܳɿ϶֪ѻ𣬿϶ܰ˶յֺͲ̶϶ˡ
һһλڣѾǶˣ֣Ҷûˡ
ڼ𣬿ɲǲ̶˿ĳġ
ڸ磬ǻ𣿡ܳʡ
ȻаڣʵϰλѧһʱڼϢ
סԺҽʦ˶ʿоһɰ£ٴϣĿǰڣȡѧԱʸ񡣡
סԺʮСʱԺţҪֵҽסԺҽʦһ߰߰ȵȡͷ
Ϊڵ飿ܳʡ
ȻȻ˵¿϶ڲֵôʼٸߣҽԺ滹ҪģȻԺʲô紵ݶѧԼòƽȥ֡
ҽԺҲɽѧˣΪǷ񣡡
ѧҽԺڽѧҽԺ֣


İ ѧ֮˵
һϾͻˣܳɺͻڳԷŵٶ΢˰ġ
ڸ磬ɸ硣Ͼɫδ䣬ѾٲȻ֮ǰС±ó˺ܶࡣ
ԹϾܳŲһƨɣϾóһµλá
ҳԹˣڸ磬Ҹոȥˣûʲô⣬صһŤ˵ġҸ˸ʯ࣬Ըһʱ󸴲顣ϾԼˮȥˮ
ΣֻǵΪϾ֮󣬻ȥġ
û뵽ˣԼû㷹ܳɵʦֵܣ֪ΪԼ۸
ҲûЩϸϾ᣺Ͼһ˻֮ȻȥϢɣǵ˲̽յʱһ̨Ҫ˴
ǰ̸𣿡
ڸ磬׷ˡϾ˵꣬ȺһˮУҲѾˡ
ɸ磬ڸ磬û飬Ҿ˰
Ͼû̫飬Ҳ֮ǰദҲһ㡣
ܳɵȻͷ
Ҳûͷ
ڳԹ֮ܳɾͶԻ˵ڸ磬ҪȻȥɡ⼸Ҳ۵ˡ
ܳѾӽʮûųⷿˡҲûкͰ棬ŽԻȥһ˵ģ״̬ܳɻǲûڼš
ÿ˵סԺģģο컹Ƕ֮
ҡͷܳһһ˵νˣֵ죬СȻȥϢ
˳ϾȥԵ㶫ɣҽʵæͿˡ
϶ûԹġô
ܳ룬ҲûֺͿˣǾڸˡϹӰ࣬ڸ絽ʱȥ˯
ܳȥ΢ϴһȻٻ
Ҫػĵ绰ˣԶܳһݰݵĶ
ܳҽ칫ңϾȻ
״ҲѾѵˣܳɺϲŸֳЦ⣺ܳɸ磬ˡ
ôˣоҳȥ죬Χ̫԰ܳʡ
Ͼεҡҡͷ˵ʦƻ飬֮ǰʦڰҽԺιΣҲ֪
ùǮҳ֤ˣܳɫһһߣһʡ
Щ࣬϶СҲˣؼǣЩˣѾһˣһǺȨڵĹ˾Ƕͷ
ڸ׳нϣȨʡйϵѡ
вл˾Щˣ˽вˣÿûһĵôǰ飬Ͷ¶ơ
˾ٱ˾ϴѧҽԺᣬڲб꣬˽˸Ļؿۡ
ʦǱٱ˵һࡣϾ̾
ǲ̶һ·ôǲ̶꣬ҲҪȥҽԺûвʿǶδ֪֮õľǰתȥʦ¡
ߣȥԷ߱˵ܳʾϾ²ۣȴŶϾһ
Ҳûи绰
ͻ֮䣬ûʲôɣҿ㿴ڵĿ⣬е㲻԰ܳʡ
ϾǺǡһ
ȸԼһ裬ȻٸܳϣˣǴžϵͲ󣬾ͻҪôϣҪôϡ
ܳɸ磬ѾסԺˣǸһʦϵģܳɸʱˣȻﲻ
û취ȻЩ¼ҽˡ
ʵãرٽڵһţŽġϾ̣ڸ״ȴû˵ص㡣
ʲô˼㽲ֱӵ㣬ˡܳʡ
ұٱ˺üΣǲ˾ٱģ˽϶ߥޣɶҲûɡ
ץҵ⣬оٱǿ϶Ƕʦͷϡ
вٵĸڣߺʹ顣ʦһҽʦûʲôѧɹûʲôõóֵҪڶ
ҽԺ˿ˣ
ԶĲ˵֮ǰǸҲǵű۵ģϾʮֲõ˵˺ûӡ
ֱӷŻ˵̶ͬģҲ
ܳһӶϾŵ̶֪ϴѧҽԺǳ˶ٿ˶ٿࡣ
²λ亦
Լȥ֮ǰŲ̶Ĺ򣬽̸һЩ̶ǲϴѧҽԺ㡣
ֻǣ̶ΪһףΪԼĺӿǣҪ踺أĬĬѧϰԼ
Ӻܿࡣ
ܳĶϾļĿƽҲ侲㣬ҪֱˣҲҪʦֻһʵ
ڲԸʦͬ飬Լɣı£˼ҵĵֲá
Ҫǿ
˾ûʦʲô鷳ɣȨ֪Щ𣿡ܳɿʼһؽ
֪Ҳ֪Ҳû취
˾ίԱļɰ칫ҺģֲǺʦġ
ʦҲҽҪֱˣǱϵĺгҲάˣ˵ùȥ
ڻõ㣬ǰûȻڹˡϾűӣúѻ
Ϊ֮ǰڰҽԺʱϺЩ飬Ѿ߰ˡ
û뵽ĶҽԺôѻ𡣻ҽԺڡ
ϾҲ⣬ԽСĵطʾԽأĵطº̲һС
ô˵ɣһ̶ַܷӱȲ̶úãڰ
˲㣿
㻹ֲˣѹ
ҶϾҲǸŲ̶ɹģȻϴѧҽԺĲʿޣϾõһߵĲ̶Ĺϵ
оҲòٵ㲻񣬾Ҫ㣬ô죿
ͱ˱ʲô
Ǿû˸ܳɣܳǡ
˵׽ǱߵˣŽᣬô˵ܳһʱ䣬ȽС
ԺǿƴΣҵ֮Ժѧа˾ŸˣõѾ˽λã
ؽûλˣѾҿʼˡһϣεĲʿֻ˶ʿлϡ
أԼ˶ʿۻڵĲʿռˡ
Ҳ֪ƾ£ٽڱڣ
ʦҲҸ˵̫ࡣ
ܳ⻰˲һС
ʱܳǸⲻ⣬Ϊ˽γִ֮
ִʻ£
ǹʸˣŻȥִʶֵġ
γԼѧһŪôҡ׺ιʣǲ֣
Ͼôһ˵γһ˶Ȼ𾴵ˡ
֮ܳǰһʡ
ԪƽγͬΪԺʿԪƽִ֮̻
̻̻֮Ƶġ
γļѧƨ
ͲԵȡ
ٽڣǿΣԺѡѾôǿһλԺʿִҪڿ﷢չԼ
ջԺԻԺʿܶǱ򣬽һ޴Ȼ
ݹۻٵԺʿУʵҼٸҲγֻһѧƽһѦ޵¡
ǡ
֮ǰôҽЩأҲʦ˵ģܳʡ
֮ǰûʲôýİҲûʲôҲû֡
ǹؼʱڣҪͨεѲ飬ʦŪȥȻԼλá
Ʒƽڣˣ֪ҽԺ˵ĵжжˡ
ʦ飬ų˹ںɿ𡣡
Ȼ㳲֮£ѡҲԼ˵ġϾֻڽʵ
ɸ磬Ҳں߿࣬Щȥģֻ˵ǻҪǿҪŽС
Žôȡٽڣһٽôܳɲ÷طʡ
ϾͶĿ⣬ЩԲ׼ܳɵʲô˼ǲѾʼˣ˵۲̫
ʿɶֹз磬ԼҪɣʦ꣬Ե֣ûҪеֵܶۼһ𡣡
ֵܶһҵʦֵܣҲرʺһŶﴣ
Ͼǵ̫ǳˣʦģ졣
ҪһĵߺΪ
ûӣû취ʦĿģΪһʲôŽһµ⡣ȻĻ
֮սΪ
غԼıġһΣܳȥħһЩ
ϣеĵطǹûʣһƬг
ǣ価ǿһЩı֮ҫָγƽܿɹԺһҪҽҵٻָԺ
Ҳø˾ˣ
ڣܳҲʼЩˣΪ˶γ͹ԪƽڵǸλãˡ
ˮԺκͽڣҪ̩ɽֻȥǸλã
ҵȻҪʮֽҪһӴĶѲźð
ɸ磬ǺȵɣϾЦЦôһ䡣
ҵȻֵ࣬ҾͲȾˣȲɡ
ϾʵȨ뿪ҽҵһҾ֪ˣȻͬһ࣬ǺֵܣǺѡ
Ĺޣ϶᲻һ
ͬݣۼһվͻӲף䲻϶ֵ𡣡
бҪĻʱϾԺ뿪СֻڣҪúõվȽŸ
Ҫȥ顣ܳôŵʱ򣬷Ѿˣܳɾ˲豭
ͬʱܳĬĬظƾһ衪
ûвɢϯΪȥħʦһѧʦѵӣû뵽֮ǰۣܾһӣҲ۲£Ե֡
ˣȻиԱ֮أǳɳ


İ 
ɳаҽԺ
ſڡ
ܳɿֻȻԼȥϢԼеģˣֻһСʱʱ䣬ҾҪȥֵˡпգǿϢ
ܲܳһˣ
󣬵ϴѧҽԺסԺܳɾûżҹȻȥħڣѾʮʱ䣬ûˡ
˰пգܳɾ΢ζһ£ܹһСʱദʱ䣬ȥԸȸ̲趼á
棬ܳɿ϶ҪȥħʱϿ϶æ
ܳˣΪʲôҪϴѧҽԺˣֻͬһλͬŹûнܹȽϺüɡ
ֻҪϲӴͺá
ûܳʧû·ֱӴϴ£ñӺͿ־ͳˣϵЬҲû
·ڿյȻǲģ·ݣ绹š
䲻䰡ܳɼ˰ժ˿֣ϵó
ҡҡͷߵܳǰӣ֣סԺã¾һǰɣ
м飬ӦҲ֪ڿŵĻ
ܳһѲ飬ϵģҲŵģ԰϶֪ȥʲôġ
ô㣿
ܲȥ
˵ˣ䣬ǽȥɣһů͵ĵطһһҲáܳɾ;ԼѺܲΡ
ҲסԺڼ䣬Ͳʺ̸
ԺȵסԺְ֮ҲͺˣҲ½
ҪȲգʼ£
ǵ¡
Ҫ㿪ȥҵĳͣڵͣģô˵
аɣϺôů͵㡣ܳҲ˰
һУ¶ԼȥϴѧҽԺʱʵû뵽һ硣
̳ͣû³ܳɾȥŶˣ˲࣬ʮţǰ滹а˸ˣƵõʮӡ
ܳŽкص˳ϡ
ǹææʲôʱ磬ҵʱ϶
ҵֻûңҲ֪ʼĸǵĻɴռĹûСܳɷһƵôš
ûأƻʮ졣ǰˣȻĻ⹤ǿȡ
߲ˡҺҰһ£ߺٽ飬һꡣһ˵
ҲУȻҹ̫æˣ˻黹żңȷʡ㵽ʱҲҪסԺܳɰ̾
˫ҽְֱͥˡ
㲻õģŴСˣͲھͽ顣
ֻҲô磬ҾǻҪȥһЩطСȥ꿴ǸɣҾ;úܺÿȥĮΣȻȥй¡Ц˵
ûֻֻܳûС
ܲ͵͵ذ绰Ұʡ
У绰Ҫջȥʱᵽϣһˣͺʦˡܳҡͷ¹
ȥйҲ԰ܳôŵʱ֪ʲôĵ绰
һ°绰ˡܳóһ
Ҳûбעģֻе绰ûע
ι
ԣܳɡ

ãҿһ·ɻƱȻٴ绰һ٣ң
ãϹܳɵɫ͵ر仯¡
绰ҶϺ󣬰ɫҲ΢ʣôˣ˼
ǼǼ£
ҿһһȥħĺ࣬ҪȥȻĻ»¡ܳҲ̲ˣѽкֱһţѳ˳ȥ
æʼϵȫȻʣôˣ㻹Ҫȥħʲô£
ţôأܳɫ仯˼¡
ǣʶһʦ½Ǭݣ֮ǰŸջع
ǻع֮һʱ䣬ˣȻڻɽҽԺȣòײ
ҲѾȶҲץסˡһ⣬½Ǭʦһλѡ
ţǿŮѵ˰ɣֵļ˸ˣĿǰѾǿ˶ֵ岮˾
ĿǰǣǸʦ͵½ǬݵϢȻÿһܻɱһˣҲÿһʱ䡣
λּĹȥһϵ١
̵㲻ȥǱKB¼ʱȥ
㲻ȥֱӾͲƱˡ
ôΣյ飬Ҫġ
Ҳô⡣
ʦ½Ǭʦı⣬Ϊֲֻڲκһ˰ɡֻܳô²⡣
ʣĽ½ǬʦӦǰȫ˵ûΣ˰
һ
᲻ֱѧܲѹ¡½ǬݵܲûиõѣܳҲȷ
飬ģҲģⲻǻ
ΪλܳҲ㲻вǲ½Ǭݵҽ϶ֽš
Ҳûз֡
ǷǳĲȷ¼Ҳֻܿˡܳ˵
Ҫȥܸأʡ
绰ˣҵһʶʦǹίԱĹ˻ʦʶãһֵþˡ
˼ǣȥһ£δ󲿷ˣǿܻңŵĻôǾֻܲȡǿƴʩˡ
ôһõӰ졣ʦ½Ǭʦ֪ǹʿбȽӰˡ
һʱẮ˵ġںķչսԲ𡣡
İɣ˻ʦ϶Σյģοһʦħ
飬ΣյĻôʦҲҵġ

ܳɣܿ˷ɻ
֮ǰܳɿ˰ǲ񣬿ܳΨһģǳŵһһ
ȻǽӽһСʱʱͿյڡ
ֻǣܳɲŸħʱȨԿˡ
ܳɽ˳֮Ȩһԣһ·Ȩ˵ɸ磬ѾйԱˣȥæ˵飬û⡣
ǣѾ˰½Ǭ˵ļˣǵض˳
ҲʲôϵҲʲôݣֻҪ£ҾͰļ˻ضˣ
ܳһת
һͨˣĿǰΪ͹ͣ
˾һΨһܹԸİ취Ǳ裬˼ɡºûʲôϵ
ܹ飬Ͳųɥʧǣҵðĵ߿ס
ɥʧǵʱ˼ɡ
Ȼûгֿƣҿʱ飬һܹøݡ
ȨӣǧҪ嶯ܳ˵
İɣģҿطĺù񣬵ĥ˺ֶ֮֮ΣҲȱ˲ġ
Ȩô˵ţͰܳɴһطȻܳ³ȥ˻ɽҽԺ桭
ܳڣǻɽҽԺ֢໤ҡ
½ǬݵĴλǰѾΧһѵˣͬʱ˻ҲԵ棬ĵضͣʦ㿴˰ɣܳɡ
ӦҲʶ½ǬʦܳģⲻƵϳɣһжлͷ·
㲻ҪܳɵͣƵͣԡ
Եܳɣ½Ǭʦ̣ǲǺ˳˻ĲĲ·
һ½Ǭ˹ҲӰ쵽½ǬݵĹ״ֱ̬ˡ
½Ǭ˵ӣһҲǿƲסġ
Ҳ˵ͳֻûյģȴң
Ƶһͷܳɿˣһ칫žžûŵԵļ̡
ͬʱﻹ˵ЩʲôƺǾˣ߸Էڽʲô
ӦӢҺܿ죬ͨҲ˵ʲô
ǣڿܳɺ
΢㶣ջǾƵ򿪡
ܳɣ½ǬĿǰĲ飬ôӵģûܳɣ½Ǭݵô˵ġ
ʦУ½ʦĻĶ࣬Ƕ۴ˣ­ڵѪףиǻڵĴѪ֫Ѫˡ
ܳʵʵ˵ܳɵĻ˵ͿԿɫɭȻ塣
λʦѾǾ­ڵѪȡƢгһ֫Ѫܵķпȡ˨
Ľ˳ʱҲͣʱ½Ǭʦƽȵģܲѹȴδ֪֮
ʦ½Ǭʦ˵飬ǵı⣬ܹģǸõƻܳȰһ䡣
ֹǸõƻûһࡣ
¿϶ֹһˣҥԣȥҵõ½Ǭݵġ
Ҳһˣ˷裬飬ôĻô͸飬ȥ𸻻
Ҳţ˵ʵҾҪ˵ʵˣû˲飬ҾԼ飬һҪ²ˮʯ
Һɻɣ½Ǭݵ٣й¶ģ
Ҫҳ˭
˲ҿܳɣ֪½ǬݵĲ飬棬ǸƵͨ˵һʵ飡ޱ˵
ܣҪҲܴӦġ
Ҳڹˣڻ㲻ԽȨΪִκҲֱķʽȥˡ
ǷΪڻͷ·ȻĻð½Ǭʦٳķգ
ҲҪűȫΣˡ
ڵΪѾ漰˵ߣ
ҪЩʲôȰ˷ˡΪڵΪв


İ ߰һ
˻˵дʣ˿ڿЦ
ЩϣȻʮ侲˵Ҹûܹõ𾴻ʲôȨû취ܵĵطֻܲȡԼİ취
֪ҿܻҲҪ飡
˲ǵĹǺִţ׷󣬵ҲôΪѡ޹أ
˵꣬Ǳߵֹ˫Ȼڲͣز
˻һĻŭȭͷݺݵԼϥؽ෽ûִȨģ㲻ƾԼһǻȥˡ
˭Уʲôûʲôûǲ࣬ĽǱ߼ŭֱӰ򿪡
˵ʱ渡ֳһһǧӢ˵һλصˡ
ѾˣҪ뵽ǽ⣬Ƿŭ˻ŭ⡣
˼Ǿãǲ࣬ĴҲû취⣬ǲۡ
ˣֻǱؼ꣬ȻͱųǲԵȵġ
ΥԼˣԼԼ
½ʦع֮ǰ˵ʲô
ȫĹȣдʣ˵š
˻ĬһΣһ⡣ڡ
Ҳһǳ˲ţ½ǬݽĳЩв֮ڿкʹǷ棬˿ġ
磬⡣
˲ֻҪԭһ࣡޷ƽĻҿԲǣҲܹ֤Ŀǰ˼İȫҿԼ˽̽ͣࡣ
ûеóĽ֮ǰܹ֤˼ľ԰ȫڽ֮Ҿδˣ˵Լļ֡
ܣڻûĽף
Ѿǵĵߣڣ⣬Ѿȡ㹻ʱ䡣
㡣˻Ȱʱ
˵ûϵ˲ƽȣھǹңҲɱңûϵ
Ȼҵļ֣Ҳ׷ʲôʯ٣ܺв
ûκ
ֻǻ֤һұôΪܶ˶Һ½Ǭݺƻģôš
вȴʤв
⻰һ˻òߵعرͨȻͨԽԶ潲һ䣺
Ӧòǰܡ
ҵõϢӦòǰܡӳӦΪǰܡӳϸá
˵˻Ű򿪣ڣ侲һ£̸ܲܵ£һһؽ
ҪңǶ˲ţ־֮ʿǻĳġ
û취侲˲ҡұ롣˵
20160506˻ͻȻô˵һ֡
ȻֹɫЩȻȻ۾ҰѶȡ
ܿ죬۾ЦЦ
ûֻ˵˲˰ɣ
һôţһȥȻǹ˻˵ʲôٷһԣҲٻͷ
ʮ֮󣬹˻ĶԽ
ʦ˵ǸڣԼˣǰ濪Խһͷֱਣchuai
ʲô
ˣǰ濪
ӳҪھϧһдۣȻ˵ļҲȻ˻ɫ԰
ȻһICU洲ϻŵ½Ǭݣ˶±״̬ʵڲ֪֮ǰ½Ǭݸʲôʱǵ£ԼҪ˵һ֡
ֱȥ
ڿɲ
½ǬڵδһˣôڽеҽоĴĿԻƵرڡ
ǬݼţŵǬݼ飬ô࣬Żصڣһڣ˵ˡ
ǶԺܶ˵ľ޴ⲻټĿչȥûԸû취õ֮£ģ
ǾڵĴӣѾȥѰˣ֤ڵİȫ
Ȼ󾡿ҽԺӳҲֻܴȨ
û취Ҳǽʱģƽ״̬£һԾ£ٿŵʱΪĵӾ簡β˶ܾ
֤ڵİȫ˻һʱ䲻֪ôá
Ӹλܹɫ䣬ڵȷǳ֪
˻ҲǾģϾ˵СܣȥۿڣȻɾȻõļȶҪ֤ڵİȫܹ𣿡
ңܳɴ͵ؿһ¹˻
Ҿ˲
˭ܱ֤һûߣˣô֤
ɳȥСܣһλҪҲ½ǬʦչĿоĸ鳤ڿϵ֮ǰҲҩҽез
顣˻ֻŷԸˣ͸ϽܳɸϽȥɽҽԺſڵȡ
ܳɲŸյ˼Ƶſڵʱһžļȳ㼲۶Ѿ˼ˣǹҲյ֪ͨ
Ƭһܳɵĳ󣬾ܳɵǰͣˣ
ܳϳ֮󣬾ͷɿؿ˳ȥ
ֻǣżȳ˾һĿĵأǸɳ̲ͺߵġ
ź̵ƶӣȻֽӵ˵绰˵ҪܳԼԱȥҽԺڵͣƺѾǱֱ˻ֱͣƺأ
⻰˾˵յҶϵ绰һMMPȻԭصͷˣ˾һ
⻰ܳȴ滺һ
ֱܹҽԺûģĻᶼ
ȵܳɿʱѾ˹ȥȫദ˺ۣ
٣أʱųˡ
Ѫأȼ棬·ϾͷӦ˹ȥ
һ̧ͷ򢷨Ź۲ǻѪ飬ɶͷˮס
򢶯١
ˣ֮⣬ĻҲǵˣһƹ˷ǳص
ܳɿԲֵҪ㼡⣬ù»
Ͻֹ
ת˲ˣллˣǰɡ
Ŀǰų׵ѿܣ
ʦˣǵþѲ͵ȥܳʵһʼûע⣬ǶŽڿʱ
ܳɷ˲ԾĵطĿǰľ׵и쳣ǳҪ׵ѣ׵ؽλѹȵ׵Ŀԡ
ȻԴԵغѣ
ǾͲˡ
ܳôһѣҲû˸Ҵ⣬öΰ˲˵ķ̧˲֮ϡ
ܳϸڴԸܣһ߿ʼż򵥵顣
Ҫͷ߽ŵλûܹ֪ͨһң׼׵׾뼹Ƶ˹
CT˴ţ
ʦ𣿡ܳһӼ鲻ô࣬һ·
ĿǰӦûãͷ­ڵѪףڻųзǺˮ
ͷ߽ŵλǺȵؿԱȽϴ󰡣һ·ô˵
Ҳû취ڵĲӲŤӰ쵽ĻӰ쵽ϵͳϵͳ
Ҫʱоп˹ΰɡ
̨ϣ˼֮󣬲źþߣܳ޷϶һڶεľ׵⡣
òҪ׵
ǣҲãƵҺϾҽӹˣչ˴ԵCT֮û­ˣо׵λ
ֻҪ׵ؽڵںϻʱ̶ɡ
ǣڵҲΣգ׵λѹȵ˾׵ľ裡
CTû֮ǰܳɾֱӳ˽ȥ˷Ǧ£˵ʦǼգʱλһ¾׵ؽڣ
þѹ̫ãʱֲĻָ
żȸλCTôһ䡣
ڣڵܵһµİɣһҽڡ
ȵȣҽԱ̫CT䣬ܹ鲻á׵ľ׵λѹȣΣ󣬵þ촦
ԽԽá
ֻ⾱׵λĸλҲǣڵҽ˵š
ܳɾʹǦܳˡ
˵ҰܳɲֻܵԱȥһ£һͷѡ
㵵ؿ
ܳɱĻȴ˶ûжйḻսȾ飨֮ǰģʱͻùϸһʮ£ܳɱϵʦҿˡ
հɣ˷ʱˡ
ˣڶסˣ˵ô°仰Ĺ㸴λˣ
հɣֻ˸ʱĸλȻҪ̶Ƶ˹ûУ
յͬ־ȥˡ
ת˼ͷȻ󿴵Ƶλ˴˿Ľʬıȫ±״̬
˵ƵˣͱˣھԱվšҽԺרҵ׵ǿڡ
⻰ǿ񣺡Сӣ⾱׵λҲôλȥ֮ǰģ
ǹǿƵġʦܳû̫ͣ߰һڣ


İһʮ һĻ޿ħ
ôᣬʵԸĻ﹤Ը𣿡ǿֻһۣͿܳɡ
Ҫҵܳɣһ
ⶼɶڲӦǼȵʱ
ܳȻûػƵλμӼ߽ڣȴʶܳɵġ
ЦЦڣСԸɽҽԺĻħԺԺˡܳɡ
ϴѧҽԺҽ˵ǹǿƣӦûͦİ
ǿ⻰֣̾һҾ˵ҽԺģôܴûԭܳɰ
ǵǲˡ
CTĽ˳󣬴Ƭʱ򣬺Ȼ棬һ·
ӦһӣƢⱩ꣬ƬԼλƵ߽ڣֱӱٿˡ
ǳ׺ݣȴ˼һ£
ɫǷǳŵģֻ⶯ر꣡
ûзҽںƣƵòˤǳǽϣŵվȡ
Ͼˣ˭ĸƵģҪ
ûпңϻҡллӣŵ˵ݵĻ
TMǿʼ鴤ˡ
˭ʲôë
Ǿô˵ĵԱ˼仰ܳɣȴǱϳɫ
԰½ʦ½ʦܳ˫۾Ǵ㵣˫ͬʱͷʼ͵ӣ
½Ǭݰôġ
ܳһӶǣ½ǬݵĻԼȵǸ˭أ
ICU˭أ
ӣԣתͷܳһۣҲǺܿϳܳɣûػֻǼڵ꣬ʼŲCT棡
ǿģⱲûôԵͲˡ
Gôǿ꣬֡
ֲǲгͿʼңȰ
ǿ˵Ŀȴû½ǬݣǿܳɣȻܳʶĻϣܳɽһ¶Էݡ
ܳҲûлش
½Ǭ»£Ȼϰ궪ˣֱתһѰܳš̨
ѡһǾ׵ǰ·½Ǭݵݾܾ
ܳǱһΣǿָԼĲ½ǬһƬʱܳҲǿҪ˲λǾ׵
ˣĶˣ̽飬δҪġ
½ǬⱩƢǲʲôˡ
½ʦ׵׵׾Ϳ˰ɣ­ѪףȻһǻ̽飬СڣͿԽ
׵׾·ܹ𣿡ܳڷʡ
ܳ׵׾Ǻٿչģһ׵׾ҪλͬʱҪǻ
λô£ֻǰ·Ĳ·ˣ
׵½Ǭݰܳɷſˣʼٵˢ
ֻǣܳɺ½ǬݵĻػǿԼƶܵ˼裡
ҪСҵ⣬˭ʲôҲ˵ҪҽԺ˭Ȩ
½Ǭݣδʶңδ޵Ҫʣ绰ϵ˻лл½Ǭ΢һ¡
Լǿ΢ͷʾ⡣
˻˭Ҳʶǿɲ½Ǭݡ
ίԱҽר칫Σ˽˵绰132XXXXXXXллҽ½Ǭݡ
ĿǰǴҵԱʦйԪƽλڣԲˡ½ǬҲʶǿҲ΢һ¡
½ǬݵЩ˲ǿʲô͹ԹԱ졣
ɿ½ǬҪȥʼˣԼרҵȴе㲻ˣҪڽʱ
ǿס˵߽ڣ½ǬݣǰǬݼŵĸˡ쵼ߣ
Ǭݼŵҽеڻǲ˲֪ġ
ƻеҾ˵˭ôƢ
Ҳԣ½ǬݵĻǽǸ˽ʲô֣Ҵΰ£˺Ϳˡ
½Ǭݺܳɵ̨ԣû֣½Ǭݾָܳɣ͸𾱲ȴزѪأȻ̽鴦
ܳɣ㲻Ҫʧлл½Ǭ˵Ȼţû̫Щˡ
ãһΪܳȻûʵκμƵڴƵϣȼ
ģļܴĲ֣Ҳܹ״
׵׾΢٣ܳҲԾ£
ʼ
½ǬݷԸѲػʿĳ˶ߡ
Ѳػʿԥ
½Ǭݺȷκ⣬
¼¼豸ֱӴ򿪣֤֮ݣ½Ǭѹûйϸ˵ֱӶõķʽ
ܳֶΣʼֻΪ׵׾ķΧҪܹ㣡
֮ܳҪرܿʱ½ǬܳһţûرܣĿǰֻǲˣûԱ𣡡
ظҪǳ㷺ģǣ½Ǭȴûܳɻرܡ
ʱǿˣҲ˷Ըϴ̨ʼæ
Ҳ֪½Ǭݵݣʣ½ڣֻٽһ֣𣿲ĻҽԺʱԳ档
̨ϣҪ̫ˡ½Ǭ˵Ķǳ죬ҲȣϵⲢδ̨¡
Ҫ˹æ𣿡
½ǬݣҿԸǻľףֱ˵ҪĸλüɣƼŽΪ˽Լʱ䡣
ãллϸ
ҿһشҪǻʽ
ʦעһ»ߵлл
̵½ǬȫһѾǿ쵽˼¡
ܳɵˣ̵ܿϡ
Ȼ޾֮½ǬݾͷǳεȥƵ⡣
û¿򸹲ܳɵľһۡ
½ǬݵĲ죬ǳ׼ؾʹҲβķε£ųһЩѪҺȻǻʽװá
Ƶų֮̂ǰ½ǬݾͰѲøһеʿʱ̶
ҽԺҲǳϣһеʿȥˣѲػʿһͬʱһλѲض˽
ھۼ̫ˣתĻʮ˶ܹУ
½ǬתսʱƵĵһǻ׻û״򿪡½ǬԼһԲƤ֮󣬷ǳɴؾֱͨ϶ͱ˸ǻ֮ڣ
Ȼʼͨǻװãʼͨ
š
ֻǣѶһҲ֪Ǿ½Ǭ̫çײǾ½ǬݵĲʮ־ޡ
ܲУ½ǬݿƵֶˣһ䡣
ң侲
ǵ½Ǭݵݣǵ½Ǭ벡ĿǰĹϵϵǸԲ𣡡
ȻҲ΢ӿٶȣҲ֤
ϣ½ǬݾͰѸǻ˽ȥȻʼ̽飡
½ڣ׿ˡ½Ǭûӡ
ãϵӣӵ絶½ǬûƣԵΣȻʼ̽ҶƢ棬Ȼ̽ǻһЩ١
ֻ˸Ҷ棬дˣƢǳ
ܵûʲôϾֻǶۻˣ
ӱͽ֮½Ǭݿٵػӣ˺˸Ҷ㣬ԿѪҺ˲ƿڶƺаصƵģ
½ǬݲδżֹѪزĸҶ֯һһ㣬ǳϸġ
ƽʣ½ڣ費ҪٿһףôѪܹ鲻Ǹ鰡
һҶге½Ǭûоܾ
ֻǣ½Ǭôʱ򣬽һͷ˹
һڽ½ʦ׹˰ɣףǴͬʱƢ𣿡
½Ǭŵֶһ£ֱӷſڵĲ
ȻܳһۣԾˣ㾱׵̶ˣ
񶼺ܸӡ
½ʦ㿴һۣµ׵ǼںϹ̶еҲ򵥣ͬСƬһġ̶Ҳο
ܳһΪ½Ǭݽ˾Ĺ΢̶е׵׾Ĳصþ׵ҲδŲ
ˣ½Ǭæֹ˵ʵˡ
ȻǿǿڻǴ±״̬
е֪·Ҳ֪ܳôذڹ̶ںеŽȥõģûס
ҾͿʼ˰ܳɾ˵
Լ½Ǭ΢΢һݡ
һ겻ܳѾ֮ǰ̫࣡
ܳɿٵط룬㲻ᣬŵߵ˸ǻߣȻߵ˲еĲλ˵½ʦҪɣҰ
ȻĻԽķȣе󡣡
½ǬݿܳһۣܳɵĿֿ˵ãҵģбѪ㡣
½Ǭݻ䣬ܳɾ͵½Ǭ˵Ǹλãб֮
ͼ½ǬݵĵķԸûٲ½Ǭݵ
ܹóܳʵԼ뷨ġ
Ҫٿһ𣿡½Ǭʡ
Ĳģٶ죬˫١ܳԥһ£ԼĽ顣
˼ǣڱżˡ3ѾǼޣ2ܹɵĲʵޡ
Ƶ½ǬݷԸ
½ǬҲûٶżӣ˵ǾͿɡ


İһʮһ ţƾͲҪװ
ܳ½Ǭǰһ㶼ûװΪһʼʱܳɾûװ
ңҲ½ǬǵһţƵˣԣܳһֱҪװҴһʼӴ½Ǭݾ͸ܳߵĴ
ʦʦͽֵһ㣬ֻǺϻˣ
ˣʱܳҲûи½ǬʲôӣֱӰѲ
½ǬҲֱܸӰϺͲҲˡ
½Ǭڲ˵Ҵߴɣ߷㡣
ãѾӸҰɡܳҲ̻ػȫĵس֮У
ΪܳɵΪֹΪһΣ½Ǭϣֱ
ܳҲ֪½ǬݶԸǻ£Ҷгǻ¸ǻڵ̽Ҳ𣬱һ㣬һ㣬ܻ൱
Լһˣֻ֡
һƵˣΪ֮ǰ½Ǭǻʽɨβ֮⣬ˣֻʣ˿Ϸķݶ
رƣһƵĽڣһǻɽҽԺĽڣȫ˿Ǳ̨Ľ俴Ϸ
޾į֮ɫ˫֮УȴҪͣر̼ɢ޵Ŀ⡣
߽ڣλƵǿ˿ͬС
Ϊ̨ľ׵̶綼ûʱܳɾѾ̨ˣ
λɡɣ֡ǿʲôһ
ϾĿǰڣɶֵ⣬ģرҽѧ򣬸ˡ
һЩɵĲܹ˸
Ҳˣûôģ˿ɣᡣ
ԭ򣬺ǹӽƵġǿҲͷ
һߣƵҽ˵ĿǰѾסˣ
½ڣǱжýҪҪҰѲŪѣǵʱ棿˿Ҳ֡
ʵǸԲ⻰ģ
ǣܳɺ½ǬλԱѻɽҽԺڲ˶ˣȫȥԱ߿ϷҲֻܲˡ
½ǬѹͲ֪ЩʲôǸɨһۣû˵
ҲûûȤˡ
ȫУʱѹǼҩλǿԲתģкܴķգ²ľˡ
ģȻʱ򣬲תܹ˵⻹ģҲһա
ܻߴһ̶ȵʹ顣
УԼĪһСʱ֮ܳɺ½ǬˣͰˡ
ܳҪӹȥʱ½ǬȴҪԼϣܳߡ
½Ǭݰѷ֮ܳɾЩˣΪ½Ǭݷ֮˿ֻһΪϸСûκпڵĺۼ
⣬ڸּ֫ȽϷƤĶȽϴ
ַЩֲ
еĻüûеĻˡ½Ǭôһ¡
Ѳػʿûô£Ƶ˵½ڣֻݷϺĸۣǱȽϳģûС͸ۡ
ûоˡϵɴɡ
λдһ¼ȻһĻҾҪˡ
ллλˡ½Ǭʱףȥʱȴ񣬷ǳҴҡ
˻ش𣬾뿪䡣
ܳɿһۣҲûԼλڱȭǸ뿪ˡ
׷½Ǭݵ·ϣ½Ǭûлϴ£ֱˡ
ܳɾʣ½ʦ⵽ô£
½ǬݿǱȽϽ˵½ǬݿǮ»ȴԻš
ô׾ܹһͨ˽˳ǸӣҲ̫Сˡ
Ǳ͵ϮˣǱסԺĲҡܹرܿأҲҪ׼
Ϊͷ­أΪ֮Ϳ½Ǭݡ½Ǭݰѹúܵͣ
˵ˡ
ܳգգۣ
ѹģⶼģⲻ½Ǭݵûѣΰˡ
ܳɻΪĸڳ⣬ǲICU˼ϸ˭ˣȻ½Ǭݸˡ
ܳɻģ˻˷ģ
ڸ˵ѹͲ½Ǭݣʩ߱ˣֻǱ趼ʶˡ
½ǬݲܹѹѲ
ˣȻ˵ĻǱǸ˭Ƿݿڹʲô˼
ˣ·̫ʺҡ
ܳûʣҲû롣
ֻеˣΪΰʱѡ֡˵ʱ򣬹˻ô粽á
ſܣѹǸˣ߾ǣİźı
ңһɵ㣬ǾôڼСʱڣǸֵļ£һģ
Ϊʲô
20150506ʲô˼
½Ǭһ仰˵ԵģڹؼʱԶŻһĹȣ
ңܳɾȥ͹˻ְˣ˵̣½Ǭݵ顣
˻Ҳûʣֻ˵˾ࡣ
ʦܻȥǱ߻ֵءܳɾԼԩԩġ
½ǬݵǷƣɻصɳУ絽ħȻֵûȥⲻǴ⳶
ˣСܣҪ·ͻȻ˻ʽ֪ڼװʲô
ܳ뿪ʱ˻ؽˣһҪ½ʦ
˻ǼװĻôеӰۣӦʧҵŶԣ
˻ݼʵУ󲿷˵ݼϷ棡
ܳɻûܵǱǿץȥд¼뿪
ܳɸϵʱѾʮʮڻһ˺ࡣ
ܳɰѵ绰˹˻˻һ£һֻ̨Ȼһ˹ȥ
ιܵͳŽ䱸
ŶڻһءܳɸϽ㱨Լг̡
ã㡣ûзϻŷۺɫĴö˯£ͳš
ָ
ǵóԿסܳͻȻһһ䡣
ŶŶŶã°ָƣȻܳɵֻ棬˵εεεȻоת
ȻܳɺͰû˵
ֱ˳˳֮ܳɲ˵һаСʱʱ䣬ҪǻˣʵԵȻٳ
ܳ˰
ûػֻǸһš
㣬ٵʱҲҪһ㣬ǵÿT2վ¥֪ͣô·ɣ
𿪴˸ȥˡܳɼ
ɳеĻT2վ¥кü·ڣһͨ٣ͷ·ûСһͨеĹǿԵͷ
һȥ㣬ֻܹܹͣͣͣһֵƺôһȦ
֪ˡӦ
Ȼڳ棬䣬ҳ֮㣬ٸ绰ܳ˵
ãҲӣ֪һʲô
Դħ֮󣬾ֻгһӣҸˡ
صɳ֮󣬲Ż¶һ㣬ܳѾаû档
ܳɸħɳУħķ·
Ҳ֪ڸЩɶ
ϳԷûܳʣںҲû顣
Ǹ绰ȥ֮Ҳ͸һ䡣
½Ǭݵ飬϶Ҳʲôˡ
֮ǰеһУһӰܳҲǱسΪеԱܳԼϷ̫֣׶ûϡ
Թˡ
Թˣܳʡ
Թˡػء
Թ˾ͺãһ£Ͼ͵ˡ
ܳصʱ򣬴ӻڵִͣߣȻ5վڵʱ򣬾Ϳһֻۺɫ˯µվš
˫սɵһ
ܳû첽߹ȥһͷƤЦһ¡
ܳһ֣е䣬󣬻е䡣
Сܰɣϳ̫ˡܳˣҲеɵ
ҲԼãҲԼΡ
ܶʱ򣬴˯µĶһһһǲ֡

ա
ܳɱȰѵø磬㰲ҪϰǰͿģûܳɵٶȡ
ȥϰ˰ҵȻϴѧҽԺϰɡܳſڣ԰ô˵
ãҾǶҲҪǳȷﲻϵشߴűҵ㵽
ܳɻһ·ֱӴ򳵵ҽԺſڣȻضһͣǸڵġ
ֵһϣܳЩεġ
ܳǺҪڴ͵ģֻʱ򣬻ȴڿ
һǣ϶ϼ
ܳɾֻԼ·ۣȻֻһƬ
ǻعһеİӵͼƬһı飬ִ֣Ҷûз۳ԡ
ͺܿĽ
Գԡܳôһ䣬Ȼͼٵذѷꡣ
ٿһڵĲڼܲˣ
üһܹʮŴͬǹйһ㣬ֻʣ˶ʮˣֻǱȴϰʱ򣬶ĸˡ
һĿմܳɶԼǲߴ˵ط
ãڽʱ򣬿˶˿
Ȼŵģꡢ
ȱϯģƷ֮⣬һλ縱ڣҲûгڿ
һŵĲȻֻλԺҽʦˣⳡ棬ҲǼΪң
ôӻü
ʿ֮󣬶־Ϳʼ˵ˣһʱ䣬Ǿ˷꣬ҲͦˡȻΪֹǻҪΪһЩ˲ƨɣҪս
ǲܹ͵ˣһ£Ժζǲķֹţ


İһʮ ţƵĹ
ҹ滮һµһ¡̶ڣĿǰΪԭʱǿְ
̶ڹ飬ĿǰȫȨ꣬Ҫ¼ҽڵıְһѹҪ
һֱɳеģˣһѲɳһ飬֪
оͰ̶Ʒ½뿪ҵ顣
ʵҲһ⣬Ǳѹ
ңǵεӰ򸽶ĳڵ飬նе̫͸ҲѾˣֻǰͱȽϴƷڵ﹤ҽԺﵣδڵְλ
̶϶ҪԼ鴦֮󣬲ܷصġ
õģΡ֣صػţͬʱԼıϣ¼֣صȦ
濪ʼ˵ڶ¡Ҳ֪һߴ飬ܻᶥסѹ̫󣬵ʱҲֻ¼Ȩ顣
ʱȥƷ飬ѩһ𣬰ĿǰڵĲꡣѾڿ㹻õʱ䣬Ҫ
βԺ˵Ľ࣬ҪѼĹá
㸺ලʲôðʧֱ֮һ㱨𣡡ְԼϵĴ󽫣ô˳ȥ
ϴѧҽԺıԺְͲ࣬ڶŵģֻһˡ
֪Լڱ붥ȥԾûᶡֽҪŵ顣
Ŀǰȱϯ߱붥֮ǰ̶飬ҲǸڶģʱλʱ
ֻ£㣬ʱҪ붡Ԯ
ڵӰ֮㣬е
õģΡҾڲ˵ķιϣܹĹΣ𣿡ʶҪˡ
飬ǶֽڵĲʿо꼶ѾסԺ꣬ڣҪиܹѲ鲡
ȻĻˣ϶æġ
º˵ת֮Ҫľڲ˵˼빤κĻֱһ㱨
ǿҪֱת飬һ㱨ɻʿͳﰲŴλɣֺεô˶ס
˵£
ֱӿܳɣܳҽΪԭ򣬲ٵǿҵסԺǿҵסԺɻڽΡ
ǱߵĹӣԼȥЭ
궼ˣȻֵԼܳɱЩĵģһôܳ˶ɵˡ
ԼڲסԺҪ
ڷʲôҪӳסԺģ
ܳɵкܶʣ罻࣬ĵһ罻࣬ԾͰʶ˶
õģΡ
ûʲôˣҽưȫȻǵһҸȥæϵ飬ðİðųԺİųԺڲѲ鲡ľͲ鲡
Сܣһˣ
˽̸üͷ壬ɫرá
ܳҲֻǸ˶ֵƨɺ棬һԲ
ڣڵĹôŵİܳɱִΰ칫Һܳһ߸ˮһʡ
ϴѧҽԺԼне࣬Լ£ҽԺװ׿Ǯ
СܣҸ˵ҽԺֵı䶯ܴ󡣡
Ϊڵ¼ټѲɳгפﲡ˻סԺͶʣ΢ӡ
ңǰԺҲǱ⣬ǻԺְεδԺְλ
αҪʱרƣԺְλȥô
ܳɵˡ
ŶԼûְ֮ǰȻҪλóˣⲻǳ
һڵ¼ɳڿ쵶ն飬ʵеһеߡ
ҽԺͬʱһĻҽƸܣһҳΪһãеһ׷ٽڣʱȥǿƴελá
ʱιǿƵĴΡ֮ǰİţٽİţ
ԿڲܻᾭһβСĵ˵⣬͵͵ؿһܳɡ
ܳɱ񿴵еĻš
Ͻˮ£˳򶡳ʣڣִҪҵסԺ

һܴĻ
Ϊڵ¼Ŀǰȫ͵ҽԺԼƵãӡҽԺڳıһ顣
ܻڼһǿƵۺϼģۺϴԼഴϻߵƹ
Һٽںϼһ£ݹҽԺ£ǿеĳԱۺϼģ߮ȥʣ
ǿǹǿƴƵĵĹ顣ǴˡҲǹĹߣ
סԺ飿
סԺֱӿһС˰
Ƕô˲Ż뷨
ܳɾԼûģҪΣǾе̫˰
ڣⲻʰɣϴѧҽԺҪĻҪְƣҺ߮ˣֻǣܳҪѡ
ʲôЦԼȥƣԼˣ
Լûˣȥ꣬Ȼе鶼һʲô飬Լܵ
־˵
˲Уԡ
һĴڣҲԽмﲡۺϲǶѧϵĲóˡؽڡ˶ҽѧĸǿƵѧơ
ҪȫĳۺϲĴģ㲻ˣ߮ҲһǶǶ֡
߮粻ȥ˭ȥ
Ҳ֪ǲǸյελϣ˵ѹȸУȻǶ֮ǳѾһе
Ҫ³Ļ͵ѪҺ
һ˵һڶѧƶн˲ţ֮ٵİ
ҲڻؽƵĹ滮ûг׳
ߵĻȷûˡ
˵ҽԺ֮ǰܹʮ˸ߣӷסһΣְλְλ
ԭȾʮ˸飬ǿֿƵ飬ڱеģ˶没ڵĲ˱Ҫ׵úá
㲻ȥĻֻһȥţٲԸȥ͸Ҿټһˡ
꣬ҵĸڣ
´ܳɣһ˵ţ;ܳɾһġ
ܳһʼúԼȥ飬ܣڶôһԼǳпȥΪסԺĹ˰
ңܳƿˣָָԼ
ȴûһѡ
ǵڵסԺ밲Ƿֶ٣ܳɿɲϣһӶؽ
ΣϣòҪɣסԺ̫ĺȥһĻĻܽŵġ
ȥ˹ǿסԺô찡
ǿǼǶסԺģ
ңڵְȻƥ䣬Ѿӵмְƣܹߵķʽ
ַǳ˵ĹǿƸտ¿ңҽԺڵӡҲ֮ʣҽԺսһЩԱʱ߸סԺ˸סԺⲻǺô
סԺȥλá
ĺûᣬˣٻҪٵʮ궼ûá
ܳüͷʵڣ˵Ҫȥ˼ǱߵĻǲ̽ô죿
̶飬궥ģΪԼŹİɣ
治֪ǵԣǹװɵ
֮ǿңѵΪԭǻǹԼĲĽ
ֻǹӮ֮ǰڵ˫ͨ죡
ܳ׶ֻ˼ܲˡ
ܳɻҪԼ̬ȣڣһǾãôัߺߡҾЩںͽ˭ȥҲҺá
ǰܳǸħʱôܳûܳϣȥ΢ռһЩеĿռˡ
ڣܳȥһӻԼû飬ҲرҪһء
ܳǿΣ⻹ûأҪЭһ°ɣ
Ҫ˵ְƵܳΪԼѾ˺üûҪô
ԺǿξΣԼʵΡ
ܳɵΪԼƴһ£̸һ
ܳɵ˵ֲ̫ͬ⣬˵ǿɲ
ǿһΪǿۺϲͲزˡۺϲҪۺܸߣ֮ǰǿһļ߽ڶ˸Եķ飬Էֵ񡣡
ĿǰڶѾԼĵȻ׵ǿƶǹǲǲȻӣǸظڸָƷϸڵĵϡ
ۺϹǿҪ漰Ĺǿר֪ʶĶࡣ֢֢ϺĲѶȷ棬ʸĽڻѾǸ߼ϣ˸ְƵˣһ㶼רҵ϶͵ġ
ȻҪѧϰҲǿԵģǸྫͨĻԼӾͨרҵϣͻȻȥӴרҵĻҲҪѲ̵ʱ䡣
СܣӣǸؼʱ֪и棬˶ѡѴҲҪ취˷
ҿԴԺӦһ󡣡
鳤ȥҲȥȥҲȥ
ܳ⻰ͻȻһ˵ΣĻҾͲ˰
ܴܲһҽܳ뵽˰
ԡ˿ԥ
ͬһΪãҲһϣֻȰһ䡣
ΣȻһģֻҪһλͺáллҾСѧ飬ǸʲôãҸʲôʱȥأ
־͸ܳһ绰þһʱûи̶Ĳ
ǣӵָסԺȨָҽʦȨ԰ѲεǹǿƵпಡ
ѾˣÿٸŴָܳɱȻôһ֡
ܳɿһסԺֵʽֻ
⡮μ鳤񲻵Ҳգ


İһʮ 磬ЧȮ֮ͣ
ܳɺƤʶҪļڡ
һ䣺ڿʲôҲ֪ĥϣûУ쵹ǿԡ
㲻ܾҽԺʮ֮ĵطȥͨļֱӶסԺȥǶѧϼ֢ߵϡ

ҽԺ⣬ɳаҽԺ˼٣İܳһһȹ桭
󣬾ͻﻢ˵ܳɣҪǴְ˰ɣ
ܳɿ˰һۣļٵģְҰ
˵ûֻǾãܳȥԽ˴үү
ңҲⲻΥԼܳɱȻһָ
һǧܳҲòôǮ
һϲҽѧİ˵һǧòѿ϶õóҲ϶뷨
סԺôæˣٸһʲôļС顣
ΪܳȥģһʿＸˣ

ûС
еɶһֻ̨ʱϸڡ
der
ܳƷһȣԷԱ˵һݡ
Աߺ½ɲ˵ȥﴴģͨԼ򵥵ƽﶼȡˣ
󲿷ֻͷ̯ҵסԺȥˡ
ҾðֻԺͶֽ˼֮Ľ
סԺʱлѡͽӴˣҿʱڣʱ㲻ȵһˣ͸ûˡ
˵㻹ֵĻҪʲôʦ㰡
һĹ£ֲܴ򷢵ˡ
Ҳ˵ҡܳӡ
ǵģԼѾɳҪʵûʱˡ
ҶҪɳԼȳһЩ֣˵
סԺҪ֡ȻҿͨᣬסԺĿຣ
һ϶½ˡ
ܳɾ˵ʱҾǿϴҪľǰ¿¼ҽʵϰһʵϰȵЩ顣
ܳɵĽ֮󣬰ӵˣκɣִ͵ļһӲ
ΪʲôҪ갡
ƺͶƣҽƾ࣬ȥӵĵһһɷʣǾˡ
ⲻôŵܵȥ
ңҪõƽ̨ԼŶӣȥΪġܳô˵
ű˻ôãܹҪԼȥʱ򣬲ԼŶӣԶû취ʵɡ
ѹڽ棬ڿܳԼ
ǵҲǡһܳɵδܳɲܾͱѹţҪһֱű˻졣
һܺõʱٽڿһ㡣
ҲĴ㣬ֻûҵһʵʱڼȻѾˣƸۡ
˵ˣǵȻȥӰɣԻȻȥϰࡣܳ˽顣
ֻаļڡ
˵ͷû졣
ļСʱʱǺܿġ
ܳɺͰݳ޵سٻɶ˼ˣǳ¿Ļ꣬Ȼ󶼱뵽˺棬˸뱥
Ӱ쿪ˣ˾ʹȥӰ
ֻǣӰſͷ
ң֮ϡûиʣֻˡ
ܳɸϽȻͨû˵
ǹҶϵ绰֮󣬿˰
ȥɡ
ܳɺ˵˸ѪȥΪأλãҵȥ
֪ģҵȻٿһ顣ˣ͸Ӷ£ˡ

ܳƵʱ򣬿˻ߺͼڡ
һʮӣʱƽڲϣŹӣܳȵİ״顣
ۿɼĴȣСȣ˫֫صĴ˺ۼѪ߰ߵ͸·ͱȳɴ
ԱߣһŮӦӣ˿죬Լɷƣ˫ͨ졣
Ȼһ绰תȥȴһʿѵңܴ绰Ҫ绰鷳ȥ棡
Ӱ쵽ǵơʿţʱţҽҽ
绰ΪҪ߳ȥˣһ˵ţԣǳˡҽԺҽ˵̫á
긾Ů֮⣬һ߲Ǻܸߵӣһͷǰͺţ˿̲ϵĭһ߽ŵؿ˵ˣСʣҽȵù𣿾ȹ˻᲻зϰ
Ҫ˵ûҽ𣿡
鷳ȥһ£лл֮ǰǸ˵ĻʿǺظˡ
Gҡƺлû˵Ǳʿȥˡ
״ӲŷCTңȻͼҰɣ˫ͫ׶ԹⷴٶۣͫС­ڳѪͲ֪ҳѪʲôġ
λƵܣȻô˵ţȴ֮ɫ
˾ǿ­ЧҲܺãµ̨
Ѫѹôڲزһ״ʡ
104/67mmHgѪͶ93
ѪѹѪУҽCTңȻٿCTɣѪʵڲеĻҾҪŹˡƵ˻ϾǰѲ˵Ľȥԡ

ʮ֮󣬲˱Ƴ˼CTңȻܳɵȼͬҵܶ˻ߵļҲǩм֮
ֿؿҽһҪϹȹллˡˡ
Ƶܣ˵ǿ϶ᾡġǲҪ·ǡлл
ȥſڣȻʱ̸
⣬ûκһˣܹ׼ȷĴ𸴡
һҪȻˡ긾ŮȻ󣬲ؿܳɵ뿪
˼ң˵ѡȫ飬ԺܿͱҽŪ
Ƶ¼ҽϿʼͷȻסԺȥƬϵͳCTˡ
ӲĤ­ڣѪ׿飬е鷳ˡǵӲĤ⣬ðһţһ˵
磬ø㡣Ƶ׿־ô˵
Ƶܽг߷ŸӾͿָ̨ʲô
ϽƵ֣֡
֣סԺ꣬벩ʿʱ򣬾ֿ֪֡Ƶʱ򣬵ʱ֣־ѾԺʽְˡϴ硣
ֱ֣㰡ҵúúÿǿƵų́
֣һ˵ţһ߿ʼCTĲ棺Ƣشˡˣȴˣδˡ
Ǹǻйɣ
ѲأƼ
õģָ硣ѲҲ֣ˣϾסԺ
ֽ֣ٿĲʱܳɵۿһ
ǵðѪƵסԺˣ
ǻǻڶгѪң߮ˣȻźϡ
֣ɨתͷܳΣе㰭ְŵģȴ£ʵǸĸƵĹ໹оÿһ㣿
͵Ǽң
Ƶļˣ֮ǰܳɵĽӴҲ࣬Ҳûǻ
ܳɾ˵ллָᣬ˼ָ·ǹǿƵܳɡ
ܳҲ֪֣֣Ǿ͸ű˽С
һ˵ţһ˿˼
ֵ֣ʱͫ׾һ
Բûϳָ֣֣֡ϽǸȻŲָָ˵ֵȥǱߵʲôɣ´Ⱦ
ܳûɴֻǰ˵¶
Ƶĳпܸ磬ǿƵĹС
ܳɵͷǲСطۣĸط崴ųǷ˵Ѫܡ
ܳû˵ĻǣǿƵĹҲûô򵥰
ܳһ˿һ߾ʹ˹ǿƼܵĵ绰
ˣȫ෢ˣҪͬʱͽܼٳѪͼٳѪźá
ܳɴ绰΢ԥ£ͷ̨˵ѪƵܴ绰˵֫ôأǳѪ࣬֫˨ˣĻѪѹôƽȡ
ظж෢ٴ˵͸ӿˡǿڵĸѹһϡ
΢һɨ໤ǣžܳɵ˼
ǣûӦļ鰡Ѫ˨ҪCTAʱȥ
Ȼô룬²ؼѲػǲѪƵļ绰

һ߮˽֮ܳȺܳһۣȻλк
֣־˵Ѫƣе鷳
߮ɨ˼ۣͿܳ崴
¶崴Ⱥ͹Ͷȣͬʱڵġ
ͺһŵ崴
߮ͿϴֻʿԼܳɵļǿ࣬ڿܳ崴Ĳʱһ۵ʱɵˡ
ҲֱܳӰһֻ֯ͬƬţһƬ˿ԥ˿ϸ壬
ȴôݣһ㶼ûԥ
Ǽ϶崴ֱܳӰѼ϶һſ⵶ʼڼ϶ڹһֱε˼΢ѪҺա
СʯӣСƬܳɵӸ˳Žǳࡣ
յĽǣŲСʱʱ䣬ܳɾֱһ崴̶̶֧ܵ
ܳ꣬ϸ˺󣬱鷳һѪܵĵ绰˵ǿˡ
Ѳػʿһ£ʮ붼ûӦ
ˣ
ٴҾͰţƶͱˣ˵ɣ磬ҹɶһЧȮ֮߮͡粻װȻԼĶλ
ܳɽ϶Ǵ֫Ѫ˨ģѪ˨ƻܳġ
ЦϽֹѪܳûͷֻôԸ


İһʮ ޵У
Ȼ𣬼ֲǿЦ˵ĸˡܳɶûͷ
߮ԣȿһCTȻƵóֻ˵绰ȥڣڼһҪһ£ԡ
иѪܵˡ߮ôŵ绰
⻰ȴǰ֣ŵò᣺ǸÿǵȽڰ
߮ûػǸִһ绰ʦһҺ̨ܳϣҺܳɶȥѪƵ
ϡ߮赭дعҶ˵绰
ⳡ棬ǰ˶סˡ
ʲô
߮磬Ҫͽڸô
ϴѧҽԺˣ߮ڸҶȥҲ˺ţ߮縸ĸ飬Ҳš
Ϊ߮ȥѪסԺܹ»һµģû뵽
߮ʯ绰ݵĻǿݵģ
ɧʵе벻ס
ܳɻͷ߮һۡ
ǴӸļϹģȻĲã֮ǰپ˵⴫λΪ˷Ժ
ƽʱסĵطⷿڣΪεʱ䣬ǰ꣬סȥ
󣬶־ÿܳŹǿβʱ۾һܳСӶԲ׾һǳ֮ͨǰʱû֣ܳɾȻ΢ô
Ҳû˵ƣֻǶѾ̨߮һ𿪸Ľʯڣϵ׳ʱ򶼻ϼ
ֵͱȽʯ󣬶ԷʯͲҽӡ
ǰʯ飬öֺˮݡ
ʯ࿴ʵָӲϡпһ䣬Ȼ͵ˣϸ磬㿴ɱöࡣ
Ҿ⻹öѧ
Ŷô˵ҲȫԣҲҵİѧˡ
ˣڶʼѧˣҲ֪һôˡϹ¡ʯԼ˵һĲֵ
ʯ⻰˶΢΢һ㶣ʲô
ʯ߮磬ʲôʦͽϵ
øӡ
Ƕˡʯζٶ˵ô֡
⻰ûӣ˾Ͷҽˡ
ֱƵһλ߽žӴʲôӣǴڼҿɣϽ𣬶Ƕڣ
룬ϳҲˡʯʶˣƵĳƳ½ڣεƵķ
֣˿׼ȥϴ֣Ȼʼ̨ܳɵ
̾²˵½ڣ򹤣ѧҲ򹤡˵ǲǲ̫а
ƳǸεƵĽڣƽҵΣ
ҲǴƵΣͳƵ
ȻֻϣҲᵰ۵ȥֹܸҵϸ顣
ܲġ
ÿ֮רҵⶼǸɽɶҲҪô״
꣬ЦЦЦ˵ǻʲô˵ģʹˡϽܿ϶Ǵ򲻹ġ
ֵıȽ׳ʵϾǿƳһʯ϶ſ¡
ãּˣϲ
ֵ˵Цһ¼ҽ϶ǲҽӵġ
ʯ֪ԼҲȥ粵ЦŵԣͳԷȻһҹȥзݡ
ʯôһ˵ҾͶˣѲػʿϽ˵ǸãҪݺݵ׽һˡ
˵Ѳʮ꣬ȽʯСöֻ࣬ҵĻŶӣֵ׳꣬ڴӵ֡
ʦҵҡʯ⻰Ц֮⣬
˵ڣԩˡҾǸ䷹ˣϧþòˣǶһȦ
ʯţǰҳģתȥ
ʯ˸ӣҲȥᣬϽ߮˵СѪʸҾͻȥ
ʯô˵ţĿͶֺܳͬʱȥϴ֣ǻλ
˵꣬Գ˵ҲҪ˶ѧѧ
Ǽ£治ΪЩ߮Ագεúܡˣ߮ӹ
ֻ취ֲ
ѵʯ߮ôŵһ˾Ȼ
ô˵ǰ߮ĸĸȻˣ߮İƾˣ˭
ϴѧҽԺѪƣȻиõķչᡣ
߮˵ڣ˵Цˡ
ȻܳɾϴֹˣֵһͷҲǸԾλˣʱƵĽҲˣһǴ˹ġ
Ƶ̫ǿ
ϴѧҽԺƣȹǿȫĵλܴ
һܾͿʼ˵һȥֻżŽڵĲڽԱߵĸڣһԹӡ
ܳ׼Ѫȡ˨Ӧþߣ˿ƵĽΧ״̬пһ£дţڵĿҵ΢֮ˡ
Ծġ
ܳɱûҪٹ
߮ʯ˿ȫעæҪģֻѪȡ˨ǱҪٹȥæ
Ҳܳɶ߮Ρ
֫ŶֱӰȡ˨ĵȻԵ˽ǶȣǳؾͰѪ˨ȡ˳ܳɲʱ򣬽ʯҿһ߿ܳɣһ߿߮硣
ջЩܳɵôѪȡ˨ģ߮綼硣
ԽʯһֱעܳɵĲ
ֻǣſʼȥλ˨ˡ
ܳɾѾȡ˵һؽѪ˨󣬾ñõĵܼ˵ڶεĲѪ˨ܳɶߵеʿ鷳һܣҵȻҪá
ϴʦ޾޵棡
һ˵꣬ҲϴֻʿķӦȻѵͬԼһٴ룬ʮ֮
ǰѪ˨ͬǴԼĳﹷһأ˳
ǵģ޹ġ
ܳɿʼǿһӵʱ䣬ѾȡѪ˨
ʯ΢е飺ôȡ˨İҽ
ʯôʣƵıȽϵĽڶͷ˹ʣڣλܳ𣿿Ҫһ㰡
ʯ˵ڣӦòˣӦͻɽӽ޵е״̬
ڣҺԩѪƵ˲ţǿˣ˵ôչʯʼ״
½ڣȥԺ쵼һ
ܳĶԷһ㣬ٿôͣˣôҲرࡣ
ȻǰͰó˵Ѫ˨ҿһһӵؾͺͶʺһ򵥡
зִ硣
ܳҲڵκ˽ͣ㲻ǲᣬԼȥ飬ԼȥѧѧѧĻᣬܲ⣬ûϵ
ûҪκ˸ȨΪûҪΪҵΡ
ѵʦүιԣʯҲǿ˲°˸죬һ仰ֱӰܳɴ˶㣬һ㶼ܳƤһӱˡ
ܳȻͥŲһؼԼĲѪƵԽƣ֣Щ֧ѪڵѪ˨ʵһڲȥܵģ
ֻҪͨȻëϸѪܵļ⼰֯ѪỵпѪ˨ͺˡ
һθ½Ǭʱе̫˷ʱˡԸơ
ķ֮ܳɾͰ֫Ѫ˨ȡˡ
ܳʱ򣬾߮綼΢̧ͷ
ܳһۣҽԺĿдҪˡ
ԱߵЦ
ܳҪȥٿ֫Ѫʱܳٿ˿Ѫѹǲôƽȡʱ˵ڣ½ڣнڣڲ˵ѪѹҲ̫ȡ
ҪȰȫĳѪȻĲɣȻĻôѪѹȣʦľսҲò̫İ
֮ܳԸ˵ΪҶ֪ʵ֪Щ֮ôûҪȥںװˣҲҪĽ͡
Ϊ
ЦΪЦڲ˵Цõ֮󣬴㿪ԣڣ߻ûΣա
ܳ⻰ʯûӦ
߮˹˵Ҫ߽뷽ʽ𣿡
Ѳʦ鷳һ½
ʯһ£ʣСܣǣ
һ׻֪ܲҪʲôˣ
­ڡٵѪֹѪܳɲɫ˵
ܳɽĻࡣ
ҲףܳҪʲôĽʯʱصһ
ƵĽˣ̧ͷո˵ɶ
ûĻոܳƺҪ̨
ϾԶäѪֹѪʲôĲҲ
󣬽󣬿³֮ܳ⣬ûܹ
ʯ΢΢ؿܳɣʣģ
ʯǳܳ˵ĻôܳʲôʱѪƣ϶ȥԺ칫ҺԺˣ
ԺѪƣѪƾͲʲôˣʡǸһѪƲѪơ
ȫܹǰ塣
ǵıôдϴѧҽԺѪ޵У
ġ
⣡
ϿԴﵽϣ̧߮ͷһܳɡ
㲻Ǹţ˰ĲйԵôûеĻǻǽ㡣
ߣԣ­ڵѪܣǾͲˣв߮Ҳܳɽе̫ãϽʯ
ϴѧҽԺƲѪƣʵ㣬Ȼǻᱻġ


İһʮ ţ⣬ţX
߮綼ôˣܹܳɻĳ徢λڣȻҲ⡣
ƽڵıнӲ
ʯȻؿܳɣоܳе㻢ͷԣ¡
ˣȻȫͽʯһ˵ڣСֵܿǹǿƵԺ֮簡
٣ǹǿƵĴΣҽԺԺ
ɹǿƵ٣ǳĵӴ
˵ǵ졣
ǰǰǿƹؽƵڣҲԼʦŵùǺǰסԺ߰ʱҲƵڣ⡣
پ͵ּҳȥˣҲǹһá
Ȼףոܳⷬ壬˵½ڣڣǿܻС˼ˡ
ǶֵĽͣҲеǵ
ʲôͽһƵѪֹѪǿػǿ˭أ
û㣬ǵƢϵĤ϶ʱҪæʲô
Ѫٶ࣬ҲҪ
ٲã˵ǲûˣҲֻܾ˦ƵĹ
ڵĴôǰôѪ
ˣ˵Ҳ̫Լ·ˡ
ܳˣǸϽ˵½ڣˣֻǵΪò˳Ѫһ㡣
ܳ⻰˼ֻ΢һ£ԸԸ⣬ԸͲԸ⣬ֱ˵ˣҪǽʡʱ͸β
ܳҲװƻҪģܳǿܲٴҵһЩ
ԼڹǿϵĵλѾֻܹԼŶӡ
ǣ֪ܳ϶ǲֹǿƵĲ֣ۺԵĲ֣Ҫܶ⣬ϿС
ĬҲȥܳ
ܳɵǰȻΪˬֻҪܳɵ˵ƲĻ
ڶֵ棬Ҳ˼ȥһСȥᡣ
ܳɵȷе㶫仰ݲõĻǾ̫Сˡ
ʧԼķȣҲ̫Ѷֵˡ
ôãܳǹǿƵˣǲ˵߲ˣҲȥ̵ܽġ
ֲܡ
̫࣬ö־öֲ˲ᵱʦ
ԼĿ˶ãҫ˭أ
ͬ£ҲֵˣûҪᡣ
ƵĽ齯ڶܳƳ˼ۺȴǲŹƵģ˵ڣǹǿһЩʽڻƷչѧư
ϴѧҽԺƣڽϵĵλǳߣһƿҡǿƵۺʵȫûƸߡ
ֻû˰ϡ
֪ҲǺǵЦû˵
ʯȴˣ˵ڣҪССܶڣѪƾóᣬһߡ
Ҳ֪⼱£û취CT
ԴͳĽĲеԲôǿ
СܺСĽ취
ҲԽŽǿҵ
ʯǹעһ
ѪƵʵͶ£ӮˣǾӮˣҲνʽļ϶¡
ǵʡ϶϶
­ѪܵĽƽץġ
Ƶ˻Լҵȥɲ˵­ѪӰֹѪбյ
ЩӰѧģǿӻĿǰʺļ⡣
ʯô˵Ϊ˸̬Ⱥ
ϴѧҽԺĿѪӰ­ڽռȣġ
ѪȥԤ­ѪܣԽ˹أҲԽ˹ء
ֻҪƲڣҲû¡
ڴ󲿷ֵĶҽԺĽҡ
ƲȱԴʱҪѲʱתȥɳеһҽԺĸҽԺʱס죬Ȼдλס
ԸԴ
أѪأڲϲ֡
ôȱԴ漰ÿҵ淢չ
ʯûֻ󽯺ڵ
ʯȻȥĲˣּ״̬£˲ʺCT˴ż­ѪܵĲˣʯԼǿȥ΢һµġ
ĲˣմͳĿ­ȥֹѪٶԶȲϽ졣
ҽĴҲС֮ԼûпչΪ­ѪܽӣĿǰȫ磬ܹܳȥä­ѪֹܵѪز⣬˶޷ظ
ôȻΪѪƷչ·򣬷ǳٴĽʯֻܺƤʽҪһ㶫ˣ
ҪչÿҶҪʯҪͱҪҰģҪô͵øıԼĲԣǰ·ǿ϶С
ɫһ˵ڣ˵Ҳ
鴴˵Ĳ˵­ѪֹѪǰȷһ⡣ǿƣ
Ȼֹ
ʵ˵ҪҪǿҲһеҵɣ
ΪƽʱǶǰСѪɳеһҽԺתȥط
ûλ
ǳܹһ⣬ôƣȫĵλһأȫۺӰǰǲܡ
Խʮջ
ҽԺҪȥĲճɣȥȥͻƣϵذĿǰѾĸʽ³ؼҽԺ
ȻȥΪĿǰҵ޿κεĲˣȥѰһ֮·
еĶҽԺͶڣ飬ʯҲ⡣
ɣȿСôòãûȷѲóȴܺ档
ǼֹѪһ£ѪǱҪġ¼ҽʦ
ܳûȥ˼̫࣬ڵõ˽Լʯ˵֮
Ѳػʿѽص豸ϾͿʼֹѪصĲ
ңܳڵ̬ǳƽȡ
Ϊ֮ǰ½Ǭʱܳɺ½Ǭݻ˵ȴôֹۡ
ܳȫȥЩ⣡
ϴεľ飬ܳҲܹӵؼ졣
Լ˲˵ľǾͺúø㣬ҲĿǰĲͷȴ£
Ҳ֪ܳɵʲô
ͿֱܳӰѽĵܣ˵ʹһأȻһӺܳɶѲػʿ˵ҡ
ܳ⻰ڽĽʯͽ鶼һ㶡
Ȼʣҵ˳Ѫλˣ
ǰCTʾĳѪ㲻ĻôֹѪλãӦþԶǰͨжλáܳԱص˵
ܳɲ󣬼˵ʦߴѾֹѪǻ֤һ¡
ˡֹѪЧĻҾͼһֹѪֹѪ
ܳ˵Ҳ顣
ֹѪɹ񣬳˶ֻ֪ܽڻƵȥ֤
Ƶ˺ͶǺרƵˣûȨ£˿­Ǿ
ǽԼȥȷһЧ
ƵĽڣȻǶƬǳйģתȦ
Ȼ˫Ŀãȵȵȡλû˾
Ŷӣ൱רҵģ׼ˣʱ׼ѹ
ˣʦƵ˶ڻأʱԲ
ͬʱҲܺ棬ܳɵװƣţ⣬ţơ
ǽڣȥһܳôһ䡣
˻֣Լվ˲λ
ܳ˵֮󣬱ѵ˿·Ƶˡ
ܳɵٶȲûܿ죡
ƢѾִīиڳѪҪиԤһгϵĤ϶ѡ
ǡ
ĸԤͿԲ­ôϸ
Ρȡ٣ԼķֶεģܸǷǳ߳г
ڽ£Ըӱ㣬԰еһεĶֱӸ˨ˡ
ǣܳɲûô
ƽûܳɵĻСĵطٳѪʱȻȻͿˣڳѪͷλãѪ𽥼٣ֻʣ΢ɲ΢Ѫ
̧ͷܳɡ
ܳɾͶЦЦ
ưһţ˵ģä˨ֹѪ
֣֣
ܳ߰Σŵȥʵû˼ˣ֣־ܽ
ֵ֣ϲȻƿͨ崴߸βгˣ
Ļᡣ
ͨסԺ˵ǾһĶͣǳԸݹĵȨǿдƣֻǸ
ͨĳˡβ׵ȳҼ򵥵崴ճ
ڳҲǾøû̫ĺ֮ˣԸָõĻᣬǻ
ָ֣Ͻ˵ллʦ
Ӧллֵܡ
Ժ鷳ֵܣҲֵܺȵơƿЦָ֣·
ܳǴȣҪᣬȺùϵ֪
ǶסԺˣô£ϵҽ˰ɣʲôȥʲô
ȥɶĶǲеġ
֣תͷллܸ磡ԺҪ鷳ˡ
ܳɴ˿רעŸѪֹܵѪ
û̫ע֣˵ʲôֻʶطӦԼһ֡
תͷӦԲԵһ¡ûա
ڵѪϵǳӣ˵Ǿֱ£
Ҫɳ׵ֹѪҲǷǳԲѶȷǳ󡣸οܳĲ
ܳڸһ߰˷ӣڶϴֻʿѲʦ
­ڳѪֹѪڳѪ˨ֹѪҪõĶǲһġ
ʱ䣬ǱͨһСףҲɵѪܺ󣬷ʱذԻأ¶Ѫܵλá
ٿѪܣȴѾˡ
Ҳ˵
˶ܳɷ֤ʵƣţ⣬ɶ


İһʮ ܳɵĴţƾͲǴ
ҽѧǶϷǼ򵥵ظҲǵĲ²⣬Ҫѭ֤ġ
ѭ֤һ̣ҪҺ֤ݵġ
ǽ飬Ѫܱȥ֮ǰҲǲ֮ܳǰЦʵġ
ôˣܹô
ǣʵʤ۱磬ʵͰǰҲòţ
ڣڣһλƵĶڵı飬֮ǰĶ跴Ӧһ޶
۾ܳɣһ֣ȴƺʲô˳Ƶġ
ܳԼĲûע𴦡
Ҳĵصܳɡ
ǶϷЦ˵žʹţ˵ġ
ڿܳɲ֪ôģͰѳϵĤ϶ĳѪʱھͽ
ʣСܣ­ѪܵĳѪôģ
ûҪܳһֹѪ׷ۺ͹̡
ܳԣδ䣺ڣ⣬ǷϸеḶ́
˵꣬ڽر֤֮ܳɲΪԼһ룺ڣʵħɽҽԺƵĶڣҲϹһΡ
ֻ֮ǰΪ˸ӿ͹ۣûн
֪ʲôģѹϴѧҽԺһͷƣҲڱȽϳݺŷһϴ硣
ܳɲ鿪Ц
⻰֮󣬵СܣԺеʱġ

ܳɾ͵ת˷­ĳѪֹѪ
­Ѫ׵ȴôģ֮ܳ󣬽ִŶȥϵѪףҶܳɵֹѪһһ֤
ܳɿʼ֫Ѫ˨ȡ˨ʱһѪĹ۲죺Ѫ㣬ѾϣĿǰȫųٷѪĿԡ
ĿǰֹѪЧǺǿģСܵļá
Ϊǽʡ˺ܶʱ䡭
ܳûػεƵĳƻһ䣺ڵˣԽԽ˲˰ڵŶӣҲԽԽữˣǺ¡
ڡ
ͷٳţǴתսһԼϵ¼ҽʦĵش̡
һСʱܳ֫Ѫ˨ȡ˨
ͬʱ߮Ҳ˸һЩ顣
½˵߮磬Ĳͽ˰ȥﶡڵæ
ʵһЩβĻܳɿ˿壬˿̵ʱ䶼Ѿʮˡ
ΪιǿƴεϽڣڶսٴһߣá
Ȼ׵ѪƵβʼգá
β͸ɨβ΢вصɡ
Է߮硣
ܳɸϣǹǿƵˡ
Ͼֱ֣ϵϼ
Ŷ߮ԶûӦڹĦܳɵĲУһ𺳣һûر𶮡
ܳɵĲеԻúħã
Ǽ֪ԭŶһȦȥͷȻȥ˸٣
ӹɶ㵱򾰡
߮缴ԼóѪƵҲ֪ܳѾˢѪޡ
꣡
Ҫ꣬Լϰ裬пܣֻпܡ
ʱǨ߮Ҳûϸ롣
ʯֻĸпԽǾܳɲѪƵ˶ϧ߮绹Ҫϧ
ƥ
ǿľҡ
ǿ˰
ܳɶ˿ڣܳѪģ
˿ܳҪﶡȥöֺ͹ǿ̨Ҳ֮е顣
߮磬ȥ
Сܣˣʯֻǵ˹ڣǱ߶ȴʵʵذҹ˺һСʱ
ܳɾЦЦ˿˼߮ÿλãҲÿȥڶڴ֫˵ʦˡ
ʯͷȥɣοΪҲöڰҹҪϼġ
˵꣬Ҳ̨ȻҪ߮һȥоڻѪͨ£ǿͨĿǰѾе۴ŵʲôλãһõֻᣬһƺĲˣúʡ
߮ƺȴû̫Ȥʯһо
߮ı֣ʯ˵ôơ
Ѿǰ֫֫ˣ
֮ȴ֫ΪܳɴɶѪʣΪ½óλá
ܳǿƵпСܣеڰɳȥˣҾûڿá
ǹڿЦյֵ߰࣬һǻڣΣ߲֡
ֻǶֺͽʯˣ߮ȥѪƵסԺҲǽʯ̧߮һѡ
ܳЦЦеΣڣÿһ̨⣬ԺҾ̨
˻
ٺöһա
ܹµˣԼλϣܹԵ
ʯֻܸпСܣڲ˵ģ˵ģͺˡ
ڣ˵ɣֿҼƿˣ͸͹ʯ۵˵
ûᡣ
ƺĽڶ΢΢䣬Ȼʣڼкþ𣿡
þҪкһȵģİ
û֮ǰҽԺһ϶Ǿƺ«͹ӡоѧĵһʦڣ
ûĻֻ˵ʦûźãʦûչ˺á
Ļ£ҵĸζٲ̫

ҲûȫѲøܳɣǳûٸܳһ̨ʾԵ崴̶ܳԱĦ
ȻĿǰܳɵ崴ѾǷǳߣ
Ǻôٴ˿뱲ӣüʮľۻĴƽڵˮƽܳɾһЩġ
ֿܳؿԼЦЦ
֪ܳҲѾرĽ׶ΣԼѧǶֻҪôһ¡
ܳδҪŶֵ·ߣǶֿԸṩһĲ
ܳ߳Լ·ܳɵ
־ãܳɵվøߣøԶǻеģ
ҪһЩϹͷġ

ֺܳɲ֮Ľ̺ͽչ͸Ѹˣ
ܳɵ˼·붡ֲ̫һ£
ϵĲ죬ԭǻϻǻͨġ
ܳɿԶֵͼԼһô
ֱͨоס֣ǾҪ˳ֺܶࡣ
ܳɹȥʮӣ־˹ǿƵвѪƵⶼˣͲ̸ˡ
˵Ĵ˺أVACʹǼΪбҪģֲûVACǰѻøܳɣȻ̨ˣСܣĲһһμҲͦࡣˡ
ܳɵͷõĶڣˣϽȥϢɡҺͼλ绥ѧϰһ¡
֪ܳ˵滰Щ滰ûҪ˵͸
⼸ˣȻǼסԺˡ
ֶܳɽнѧܳ費Ҫ飬ҪŶ
ܳٴҽ
ѧҽԺһһ㣬һһġ
һҽĳɳʱ߷ǳҲΪܳƿңܹ߮򣬴ܳ趼ʶ
οǶˡ
ֵĻϷ׷״ϲ
ɸ磬С֣СžС˵ףǿ岡סԺ
һǹǿһסԺƽ
ǿƶĻڣûаţǿǹؽƣ϶ùǿĲǹǲƣҲǲġ
˶ҽѧףȴˣҪΪհһ£źǹ²µסԺڳסԺסԺǸʲô
Ȼ֮󣬾ͳ׵ı±ˡ
ġ
Ҫ֪ȥ崴ĲС崴ͨ崴Уһ̨֫崴һеǺ
ܹһVACҲջ
ţҲҪעϢסԺڼۣҪԼϢʱ䡣Ҳѵ
˶ⳤģģܳɿ϶Ҳ֪ۡ
סԺģǲ۵Ļ϶ǲģźġ
ôɣûоסԺĥģնѵǶ

գ
ϰ˵㡣
ʯûȥֱ࣬˿ƽ¥ʮ¥
ҲϴѧҽԺƵλá
ʱϰ࣬ƵĿƳܲЩ˯ʣӡ
ʯЦ˵Ƴ˼ôŵ
ע⵽˽ʯûиƵ˿ᣬ;ֱԼİ칫ңΪ˽ʯ
ƽʱӴñȽ϶ģƣǿչõĿҡ
Ѫƿдźزģ
ڿɲǰָԲ׾ʱˣĿǰĸѧҽԺ
ڰо˭ܹɧ˭ܹҵڵӰܹĽҽ
ҽԺۺʵ͵̱øǿ
ÿһĽѧҽԺеǶʹµ۷˼
ƵְǸҽԺر¶ʽ·չʱϲġ
Ͻʯ˵绰֮󣬺þûҹѪƵģؾ͹ˣһЩ׼ȻϣԼʯ
ֻû뵽ʯӺ顣
ڣû뵽һȹˣ߶ûȥءΪ˼
Ͻʯ궼һˣʱԼ˽ʯ˼Լҹ˲߻Ȼٺغúһ£
Ȼûرһ°
ʯ͵ƳⲻҪ鷳ҲԼϽһЩҵڵϣ飬רҵЩҲܹͨ׶Щ
һ˵ţһ߾ͰU̸˳
Ȼ棬򿪵Ժ󣬾Ͱһwordĵǰ
Ŵһɨüһʯwordĵıǣ
ȫش˺֫˨ȫٳѪѪƽ볬Զȡ˨ֹѪĽѧӦá
ûϸֻǿÿεǰ漸֣ͺۡ
ʲôʲôȫ
ʲôʲôʲôȫ
ʲôʲôʲôڿ׳١
ʲôʲôʲôʲôȫ״Ρ
ڣǣ룬ڣȻĿľΪ˸ҽԺӰɲǸţƵְܿҰô㣬᲻е̫ˣ
ôϣ
ȷֻһ㣿
ѪѽûУţƣô죿
ʯһҡŽӲĲӣ˵Ƴǲ˵ʵѡţҽԺڵţҲҪʱЧԺʵԣҶ׺ͱġⱾʵ
תͷ۾գգͣţʯ⻰ǶԻǼ٣
ţܷȥ


İһʮ һȳ
ɳУϴѧҽԺѪƶΰ칫
泣ʱڰ칫ŵԣϴѧҽԺĹٷվ
ɫ΢΢ţƤż֪Щʲô
ԼĪŵʮֵʱһʮźֱ˽ƺ֪泣Ƶġ
İ񣬶΢΢𣬵Ӳߣ촽Ҳĺ񣬴һɫ۾
ź泣˿ֵָʳָ̣ȼţ̻
棬泣Ƿһڡ
泣ݣ䣬ͷס
̧ͷʱͷ֣泣һ˵ƣį֮ɫ
ʦͲµ·еڿˣֱ衣ӿЦ˵
泣ֱӳһָ˵ҶϵطһԱڲҶԱߡԼŪ
꣬꣡ȻϽ˴Ϊոջ̻ң
ֱ̻Ӵ˵ȥȻϡ

Ȼ˫鱾̺и¶˳ӣտвã滹ʣʮ̡֧
泣ֱӰһƣȻ˵ôˣûȥ𣿡

ǰ泣ѧѾɳѾϴѧҽԺһҵĴڣȻǲΡ
ͱ泣ҪС߲࣬áܹ飬Ѿɳܿˡ
ʦҪȥҵġ
ⲻϿȦݣ˽Ǳ߸֪ôģܶVȦתˡ
вٵҲ绰ʣҪһЩ޵˹
ʵҲ̫ʦĽ̵
ʵΣ
ȫ緶Χɣ˵ÿһҵҽ಻ࣿ
Ǵҵ϶ơģ
Ҫ˵רƵĿҵĽ󲻴
ǻ治
Ҫǿվһλãվײ㣬Ǻ嫵ģվи߲㣬ôȦӣôһ㡣
رϢըʱһӾʹˡ
ܹҵѷȦˢ֮⣬һЩҲụ绰ѯʺ˽⣡
رǶҽԺͬУԼͬѧ˺󣬱͵͵ظ㵽ǰ棬ȴֶû
泣Ȼ֪Լԭ򣬵֪ô˵
ôĿǰϴѧҽԺѪƣƷ⣬ۺȫǰ壬泣ڹʸ̳ѧڿΡ
йĳƺˣ
һεǣˣ泣֮⣬ˣرϿɡϿɵʱҲǴ֡
Ҫɾǣ˰ûʲôرĶֻճɣͼоչ
ɶռһɽͷȻɽͷ飬˶֪ˣһٲ㣬ҲֻǸ
ܻϡ
泣ƨһ̻Ҹףһڲ裬ˮȴˣ泣ֱӰѲҶˣȻҲһ
͸ϽˮһԱӺͲҶ˹
Ⱦ͸泣ʼŲҶ͵ˮȻʣΣ˵ǣڵ׸㵽һˣҪҪȥ
ϴѧҽԺѪƣȫʡڣһָ
泣ҲԼŶӱȽʯǱߵŶӲ
ǽʯ㹻ҪҲᾭӪ
ǰһ߮磬в泣üΣ뷨͹Է֪ʲôԭ򣬲Ѫơ
ȥ˹ǿơ
˸־ǿ󲻵ã泣Ҳûµصץ
ֻһʯͻȻһӸʲô泣еۺͱ
ʵڸոգԺҲ绰ˣʲô뷨ûʲô뷨
泣ʲô뷨
֮⣬㲻뷨
ʽ¶ô׵鰡
Էˮ
ѧԼôѧҲʹһЩʦţȴǶҪһ˵
ûʵˡ
ԺȻܳ泣˵ݻ泣ֻ̤Ժʿżֻǲ
ﻰ⣬ǱʾȫԴб֧֣ϣ泣ܹסѹѿҴã
Ҫż
ҵۺӰϣһҪ׷ϸʱ
ԺĿοȻǺã泣ҲԩϣôţôʱŪһ¶
˵ˣӰʱ粻Զ硣
泣֪һΣأ˵
泣ͻɣΪʲôܳɺʲô߮磬ͲϴѧҽԺѧˣ
泣΢΢̾ӹݹĲҶҲûʲôЦϢԼľ顣
ظ˵·Ǹڸڱƨɺƨԡ
ҪģǰڵĲ˹ãۣȻȡ˶ȥ۽ҵʱȥѰǿ·򡣡
ճɣ£ԶǲĻ⡣
泣ʮ侲طĿǰѪäȡ˨ԣĿǰʵûҽԺоġҽԺлɽҽԺûƵϢ
һ·
ϴѧҽԺֲҪһͳΪβɽͷɽΪأ
ÿʱÿʱȵ㣬ҪȵǾԵĺ¡
ȵܻ³ʱ򣬵ʱȵģǵ̡
ͺñȦеһ仰ǣ˱ƴ󣬻ĻͻۣһʱĻš
Ȼ泣˵⣬Ҳûѻ˵ǶǸȤȻҲȥȥһ㲢ҪһʹĻ
˼еԵġ
ЩԲȥϽ㲻֪ܲ
ȶȣȥȵ㣬϶ҲĺôģͺԵģʱڣһ̶Ҳǿҵʵ
ǲҪȶȣʽĿǰƣҲƵĻտǻԷٵġ
ѧоҪٻţټǣԼΧ֮飬ҲδǺ¡
ȥȵ㣬ǿ϶Ҳջķᣡ
ѧϰˮ¥̨ǹ͹ٵ飬Ӳ
ֻܸϽ˵ʦҿ϶˼
ֻ룬ҲҪҪʲôʦҲ֪ڿһؼλãϲȥҲġ
ҲΣ泣֮ǽ˲ελãԺҲԳΪΡ
سɶοȥ٣һ£泣ʲô
ǰ泣ܹһĿ⣬ôܹˡ
泣˵ѾʹˣĿǰҪƴһѣѾǺˡڣӦǿʼʱˣӦȥ·
Ҹ˵һ£·òߡȥն
泣ʵ壬Ѿ֮ǰˡ
ɫʮΡ

ħԺ
ѪһǮԻ˼֮
ھһ飬Ǿ˵ɳеϴѧҽԺȥޡ
˼ãóĽ
ħԺܳɣϴѧҽԺܳɣһˡ
ħԺĹ΢ƣħԺģʱҲ״
ѧˣûѧ
Ȼڵľһ
Ȼڣ֪ܳɵ׺ϴѧҽԺѪƵˣ׵ʲô
ȥϴѧҽԺѪƣôܸҰųġ
ѵ˵ħԺѪƣϴѧҽԺѪƣȲô
ײʲôҵѣҵҲν͵໥ѧϰͽˡ
ǰ뷨Ժкˡ
ȻԺǱʵ̫⣬ΪħԺۺʵɳޣҲֻѡ񾩶͹⣬ѡɳôСط
ǣ
֣ܳԺڣǺӰġ
ԣǮԻͲ˹ǿȺڵĵ绰Ȼϣͨôһߣȥ˽һʵԡ
Լܲһɶġ

ĸҽԺ
ɽпһ䣺ǿɣҸǶˣһţǾòܣȥ
ۼʶģ⻹м٣
û˾ûˣ·Ӱɡ
ϧˣʱûܹúõĺλСܶļ䣬ȻĻ
ˣڰһС֣£ȥ΢˽һ»ܲܺչǵŶӷչ
ɽֻյĽϣ飬֮ˣҲû̫෴Ӧ
Ѫƣһ
ϵ顣
ҽԺڣܹ14Ѫܲٴģǲң
ɼչԼǵ̸ǴţʱһҲνȻֲܹķȡ
ֻǣ¶ȥ̽̽ʵǿ϶бҪġ

ʡڣ
ؼеҽԺȫصĵؼҽԺ˲ŷ
ʼϵϴѧҽԺϣܹǰޡ
ɽͷǶǸ顣
ԵؼҽԺ˭ܹȳԵŵĸǾˣᲡԴѿںţĿڱ
֧ҽԺչȥҪ֧ţȰҽԺڵסȻ
һȳһ㶼֮ǰ΢ʽճʱͣǸˡ



İһʮ ڼͥŲ
ʮ㣬ϴѧҽԺ
ƵƼҡ
ȻѾж˴סԺܳɣȴǴǿƵġסԺ
ĿǰҪפˣûа칫ңûвֻһ绰
˵ǼסԺ֮ŦǲϼֱӷɸסԺͺˡ
ܳڴһʶʶһʵϰ˵ˣܳɾ͹ܲˣֻɻȥܡ
һŵĲˣ
˿ܳɻҪȼܹؽλ
Ͽʼе㽩ӲżŽţҽҪôŪ
ԤԼô졣
ðҰʹܣû취ϰࡣ
ҽܰ취ҽԺˣ϶кܶˣˡ
ܳɺغصͽš
ֿƵҽҲǼְģΪڡ
ƫͷȥû˵˼
Ҫİ磬˵ҾңǰĲӣ
ҪˣҲֵܼӰΪӵô
ֻܳܿЦЦ˵ȥʲôϵ
Ҳ˵ˣҪԤԼôãŶǰĲҲԤԼŵȵġ
ѵż˲ż𣿡
⣿ΪˣܳɽеģҽĺܼѵڣͲôҹҵǼĺŰ
ǲĿ޴롣
ܳ̾һҵǼţȴ⼱Ĳ֡Ҳû취
ܳʵ˵ļﶼֻǼҽƾס
ңϴѧҽԺļ಻ʤ
Ȼ½Ҳ֪϶ܼͽ˵ӿ϶ǲ岻˶ӵģи취һԡ
ſ°ĵ㣬ȥԤԼ˴ſȥ
ҽպҪŵʱԤԼļ鵥ȥҽ顣
ԸԸΪһ࣬˵ʵǼ˴ţԤԼǰ̨ˣǼƵҽʵġߵơ
õĻһǸҽҲӰġ
Ƚż°࣬Ǿû취ˣҲǿ˼Ӱ¡
ҽԼͬȥ飬ҲһҪϢʱӰѡȥԤԼ˴˲˵мӡ
ֿҪ˵ĻߣǾȣ˭ס
Ȼֻһ绰飬ÿĲô࣡
˭ҲΪÿ˶ȥ绰˰æҪǷģծջԼ
Ǯծ⡣
ծȴѻ
ҽԺˣ˭Σ
ϰҽ˭ֲæأ
ϴѧҽԺҽȻ࣬ǲ˵󰡡
Ϊ̫࣬ŶӵĲ̫࣬ҽ벡ȫԵȣ
ҽԴʵޡ
ôܻŶӵأ
Ӧʱ򣬲ҪŶӺ͵ȴҽԺǳУ֮˾ߡ
ҽҶһĲˣû취顣
⣿
ܸܲ㰡ǰҴ绰вУˡǺȻ۰ͰͿܳɣͣ
˵ϰ࣬϶ҹʵġ
ܳɵı鵱ʱһҡͷǸ˵ǸæҰﲻˡ
ҽ֪ǺˣͰң취ɡȻţϣܳɿԸ绰
ܳһв˽ˣͷǳϵصǳǸİﲻæǰŶӵĲ˴ҶһŹġ
˭Ҳ岻ȥӡ
Ѿһ顣
˼һвˡ˵ţܳɾͽͨ˵绰
⻰˵ıȫˣʲô岻˶ӣǲԸæ
ǻҽ޷ǾǴ绰飬ҲԸ򡣡
һЩ鵥ߣһ߶߶ֲ˵ҽĺݡ
ҪԼˣԸ⺰ӵôǻҲҹϵ
ӣ
ҽֹǵԺˡ
ΣһؿǮʲô֪ˡ
ǿҩֵ飬ҪһǮ
ֵؾ˳ȥ
ſڣʹ˵˶ʯĳǲҪȥˣ˵ġ
˶ġ
һĻĿɿڴ
ȫû취֮ǰǸʵũֵ꺺ϵһ
ܳɺصϰˣ֮ܳǰڰҽԺĲ˺ͼǲŽһࡣ
ǻŰҽԺǸƨҽԺ˵žҪϴѧҽԺ
ɼҲĲ˵ġ
׼һˣũֵ߳ȥ
ɫҲΪѿ
վſڣЩԥҪҪ߽
һˣһʮ΢ӣ
źͶʮŮӱڴϡ
ʱŮ˫ͨ죬һֱӵ֡ﲻͣ˵ԲԲ
ؾͿ΢ЦŵǼôҽ˰
صĻӲźԼźŮƽ
̧ͷ˵ûûУڣǾſһϡ
ⲻǷһøϸЩôⲡˣǸˣ˸ڡ
ϴѧҽԺ֪ҽԺʡõҽԺ֮һˣﻹҽأ
һ˵ţžͰѲ鵥ȶ˹
˵ҽǣϹƬӻûõѪĽҲû
Ҫô찡Ϲʹеûа취һѽ޴룬ᡣ
ǸŮû˵ֻǽŵؿأ
ϻдΣûȫĨȥۡ
ƬǿϵͳڿѪĽˡҪһСʱҡ
һ˵ţһٴ˵ƴд
X߼ȻܳɽţǴ¥ˤˣȷŤ˻ˤˣ
ұߵŹؽʹúܣͺأûƤˣʱųۡ
ܳüͷһ壺ôˤģ
ŮȻҪ˵
׾͸Ͻ˹ȥ˵ǲСĴ¥Ϲȥ߰˸Сݵӡ
ܳɶһۣذƵ˼Աߵ鴲ϲŶ
СĵɺãҰѴˣûˡ
һ˵ŮԵҽҽʱûȷ涨ҪԼ໤
ǣҽŮԵĻߵദʱ򣬱лʿ߼ԣ
һ̶ȵԱӣ
Ǵܳɵ˶ʿоģھǸʦѧϰĹ̡
ܳʦ֪ˣ˷ǳ
ܳɺذƬӵ˳
ʵֻǸߣȻˣƵģǿƵľʵеԶ
ֻһܳɵüͷͽȻָһѹ˵ĹСΣе㲻̫
Ϲǰܹ𣿡ܳɿš
ŸϽصƽʱ칫ҵģ˶Ҳ࣬ż·йŤˣ·
ˣûаһʵǲ̫Сġ
УУ˵ˣСʱй۹ʱ򶼲꣬üʮȥˡû˵¡
ҽţⶼܿó͸ܳ˵
ԣƫͷܳɣдЩȻ
˵Сܣ⼸ʮǰĹۣҲͨƬӿó
ŻܿһЩġ
֮󣬹СṹңǵĹСṹô˿ϸƬܿ
磬Ҳʲô顣ܳɲûй
ֲˣ֮ǰڰҽԺҲǴԹؽ׵Ĳˡ
ʷҾͷˣ
ȻĻСṹңһȥأδXߵļĿǰеľֻŹؽλܳ˵š
Ȼ˵ϹڵϳȷŹؽڵĺλ϶Ҫȥַλģǡ
ܳɵĻû˵꣬ͱϣ
֣һܳɵĻŮһӾŵ
Ȼ£ͱеѿŴ˻ɤӺ֣Բ𣬰֣ңԲ𡣡
ԺҲҲˣҲˣûҪ㡣ְ֡
֣Բ𡣡
Ҵˡĸ׵Աߣ˫ͨ졣
ĸԣϰ§ˣ˵˺ˣ趼֪㲻ǹġԺԹ
ûû£ûµġ
ȻЩΪѵضܳɵ˵˼ǿЦˡ
ܳɺضҽֲǾ죬Ȼȥ˼ҵļͥϵ׺񣬵ô˵顣
¸ĸһ㣬۰Լĺӡ
ܳ˵ûϵôܵˣʲôԭʵƣýơ
ؿ͹ʵҲʲô˵ƣҲַλѣֲֿûҪôŰ
ô˵صˡܳΪȷԶԶһ
֫֫ŹؽաΣޣѹʹʹԣߵʹѼŹؽڴ顣൱רҵ˵
ܳԣͷҡͷѼŹؽڿ𣿡
ؽڿѼ飬Źؽڣ㲻ڸұŶ
ʦԵİɹǴƣڲƽƹУƽžʶλߣŹؽڱȻ顣˿£ȻԼ
ܳԣûټ֣˵ʵĿǰ۲֧֣ǣҲû˵ʵϰʱ򣬻ڼϰʱĽڣ⡣
ʱ̽һ¡
ܳɾͶԲ˵ûģȻأлҽ̸һַλӦķԼַλĿġ
ϸһ£費Ҫַƣȥǰһ䡣
⣬滹һ̨СҪԱȥһ
ᵢ̫ʱ䣬ǰǰ׼ãҲҲ̨ˡ
ܳģҲҪ˵ļʲôᣡ
˵ͰѲ˷ﲻ˰֮ġʱٱһ£ֵ
ҽ鷳ˣࡣ
ֻҪϹĲ鲻飬æȥ˵ҲΪ£
Ƕ˵һ䣬ܵϹơ
ŮҲĸ׵Ļҧ촽ضܳ˵ҽһҪҰְκðˡ
ҲҰְΪңʲô
ܳԣһЦ
֮ǰĶԻȻҲóŮȽ棬Ҫܳȥģ׷ˣѸƵˣˡ
Ȼд֪ܸģĪɣ
˶ʱ򣬵ܹɳǺ¡
İɣҿ϶ȫģȻĻȥһλ㡣ܳҲѻ˵
Ȼתͷߣʦһӡǰ̸ģ尡ȻѷЩдȥԼдǵдȫ
ַλķգҪǸоˣҪѧԼȥصķա
Ҳһѧϰȥĥ
дͬ飬ҲǶһ⣬ܲܶķգҲǶһˮƽĿ
ûϵȥѧȥƷȥϣȥճУȥ
ĻôҲ̲˰
ܳǰҲô߹ģ
ʵдͬ飬Щ֢ܳЩˣ֮ǰƽѧ֢֮ͬ
ҽĳɳ츳߻츳ͣ
Ͱؽ࣬͵ô
Ͻͷ˵Gõģʦһãʱ顣
ܳЦЦⲻǿԣû˭ģҪȥӦԺͿԵ˼롣
ˮƽˣÿˣÿһ飬ÿһβϸȥˣȻȻġ
ӦҪϰߣû˻ȫְķһʦˡܳ˵꣬Ϊ˳ȥ
ѧ֣һЩ齻¼ҽȥ
ҲҪѧϼʦӣȥһϼʦ
ܳɴ˿̵ĲΪЩͥŲڳɳĲ̬Ҳˡ


İһʮ ޽
ʮ롣
½ɣһͷһ߶ܳ˵ʦС˵㡣Ҹص㲻һпա
Ǻܼ֣Ҫл
Ϊܳ˵ģϾÿҪϼҽʦ
ϼҽʦпȥ
οϼҽʦԼʦ
С칫ҵʱܳ飡
ûϸȥ˼С˭
Ϥ棬ȷûôһˡ
Ͻ˵۲12ĲˣڼƽǸŹؽλ
Ȼ˸λĲšпûҾȥܾ
ܳɻȻ
ڣѾĸˣǲסÿһ˵֡
û£ȥܳЦЦվ
ܳ͵ͷое壺ҵͷǲǿԳˣ
ʱܲܰ㶫˵ϴ¶ԡ¶ë֮ġ
ܳ뿪ɳһˣڹǿƵЩϴƷ֪ȥˣͰ͵ģá
Ҳûճȥеȥħһˣ˰ˡ
ӰʱܳɻΪڵģڼתƣӲ߿
ֻܺԼѧ
ʵѧرŮӣ⣬ʵڲס
ˣ˵꣬ܳɾͣˣҽжϾȥɡ
ѹûⷽ룬ֻܳɺࣺʦҼԱ߾гСô˵ˡ
ǸСϣȥƵĽҵˡط˵㡣ֻһˣźŮʰѣ
ҲûΪʲôСᵥܳɡ
ܳɶʱ࿴һۣ˼ϸġ
ãҹȥܳɵͷ
ܳɾͰԼסԺȻͷ
žӿûر֮߳ϢңֱƵĽҶȥ
·һ˳룬ͺ˸к
ɸã뻹ûرϳܳɣסԺϴܳ
ʱ޾£ҿࡣûرıʶȡ
æܳɿŲҴңôͷ˫ȻˣǸرȭ
ԼкӰ쵽˱˵Ĺ
м£ûѣǱߵķȥˡ
ܳƿ˼ƽҵ֮
С׼վܳɸϽ˵𼱱𼱣磬˵
⸴λȥؽڿɻرȶҿɲһҰ
ܳڶʮˣСҲʮ嶼С
ܳѾѧŸĳƺˣʮߣСˣԼģö壬иʡ
Gлл㰡ҽҾͽŲд˵ˡԷܿر
ܳɰֱʾ⡣
һΰȣǵöллҽҽ߳ô컺
ұ͵СģǸҽ˵ҽԺѧҾ͵˰
˵ˮɵʱźȥͣҽ㲻ڣƵҽǹϷˣҲŵɶĻ
С˵䣬شһ죬дҽ߳ĸ֡
ҵһˣʵڲ˼
ܳɿˣɫ΢΢һ
춼ˣȻҲò˵ܳɾ͹˵ʵƷ˰
㿴ұְܳ˫ֽӵģʾʮϲ
ܳǺϲⶫȻأһ٣ܳԣܺȣǲ˵һ㷴Ǿһʽ
ʽҲܴҽߵġ
ҽֻС˼⣬СָָԼࡣ
˵ҽɲ֪θưƣʵŮӰ󡣡
СڡˣΣ߲Ů˼ϸС
ҳ֮˵ԺҪҽúѧϰϡ
ңС˵䣬۾ʪˣĨһ¡
ҲǾѧҽ̫ˣԶǰɣܳɹһЦ˸Ц
ͣ
СЦˣû£ڶ
ҲøǸڸǰұ˽˺ü绰ҽԺĸר
ϾᰡͲⰡҲµˡ
ҵĲԣһǾӦøһ
˵⣬С˵ҽڸЩеߵ˼
ҾáദԼΪˡ
Ҷп˵ʱôˣҲһῴۡ
Ҳ֮˵Բ
ܳСô˵ʱ˻С˼
СڸŮ򰡣
Ϊ˸ĸ֮ģܳ޷ͬܣҲϿ˸ĸӰӡ
֪ܳԼԺСˣܲ
ʵСȥǸרҺͽڼҲ֮飬ǱܷӦ
͸ϽЦ˵磬ôǰҸùֲ˼ġ
һȦѡҰҪǲҪƮˡ
СɫһѣǾԶҽģ
ҷĴָ
Ұ˺ŮңҾͲҽϢ˰
ãܳɵͷѻС˳ȥ
ʵܳҲûСʲô˼ܲµõϣԼҪٶ˵Ůɶ˺
Ǹ˵ģܳѾ֪ˡ
ֻƵ;С
壡壡
ܳɿڴסԺֵ绰ܴ
˼绰ܳɶԻС͡
Ȼ࣬ٲ֮ǰЦιǿơ
ţãǰɡϹֱܳȾˣ˻С۾
۾֮󣬻СֻǴԼŵĵ绰һԼ
ⲻֺշΣԼײǽȥˡ
ǰСΪܳǹߣʲôﰡôˣк
һ˼ƣףЩ˵·治һװġ
ֱܳ˼ȥʣĸʦĹǿƼ

һûƵİ״ҲʣǹǿƵʦ𣿸ոǸ˵ĲѾˡ
ʹȥ
һ˵һ߾ǰ·һ߼򵥵ؽǳˣ֫ϥؽڴˣдѪϲͷ­˺زˡ
ѾؿҼĿǰ˻״̬
ϵĳѪǳҵʦ»ʧѪ̷ݿˣ˹ǿƹ費Ҫ
ֵʱܳɵüͷһ塣
һǳ㷺ĴʣɴСɲмˣΪյļ
û֮һ
֯ˡ˺ԹۡʹˡǸɹۡˣֱȵ·Ͼͣ߶С
ͷCTʶô
CTزCTأ
ܳһ⣬ʵֻһ⣬ڻߵô
ûƣҪôǸսҵĹ࣬߾޵ģƣ
ͣǹĿԴһ㡣
רҵоƣһ㶼оҽԺͨˡ
һǰֱ
Ȼԣ
˵ڴһСʱ120ĸҽʦ˼򵥵İֹѪĿǰϴʪ
ͷ­CTظCTѾˣʦ⡢ʦƬ֪ʲô
ôѪ϶ҲǲеģûдƵİ״ر죬ô٣Ȼ˼ά
ʷܵ÷ǳ꾡
ܳɺܿͿ˲ˣߵϥؽͣɴ޵š
Ȼд棬Ѫǳ󣬶ҿ϶ǻԳѪ
ǼβܵĻԻʧѪݿˡ
ܳж˵ڵϽмǲڿ̨ϲȥ
ͷ­ظ˵ʡ
ƿƵ˿ûҹǿƵġ
ܳԼݣ˵Ϊ˵Ҫص㡣
Ǻ˼˿ˣ˵ҪУƿCT˵ʱãûлԵĳѪƢĴˣпʱƢٷѡ
Ҳ
ǸʱѪˡ
ֻͬʱطĴ˲һܹصùػ֮ǰܳɲеҽ
ԴҲǶڵϣûκηϻ
ӦҲƵıҽ
һᡣ
Ǽôܳɾʡ
û취ѡ£ֻܹѡˡ
ҽĺȦͰ״γ˷ǳضԱȣ
˿εû˾ˡ
CTǮʾֵࡣ
û
ûǮ
Ͼͻ
Ǽʱ̶ŵһ޽⡣
ʱĺƵ˼ͬʱҴҸͬʱ˵ҪϼˣһȥǮһǩ֣
ἱͬʱƲ˵Ƶܣ׿־ա
ܹסԺϣдŵֽѦ御
Ƶܻǳ룬סԺֵһһµֻġ֮ǰܳҲҲǱ˵ġ


İٶʮ 
ƵѦޱ˵ӲĤ´Ѫף
Ϳܵ
ֻ
һԵȫһ־ֲˡ
ûûǮҪҪֵȨҽҲֱ˵ʡ
򣡾캰ϵϼ
ϲá
ҲҪͷ­ѹˡ
ϵƺICU׼ʱСסԺֻǸԼĽ顣
д

Ƶλҽ˵绰ֵȨˣȻң
ϰѲѪǰѪͲ˸ͳˣѪĿǰѾû壬ƻһʱ䡣׷ɡ
ֻҪ鷳ǰŸϵһѪǱ߱Ѫ
ʵæӮˡ
⻰ֻѾдѦ徴ҴҸϻأ
ܳƵĳ붼ǰ벽û
ͶǸ
дԼ
æǰæԼҪ갡
ûлҪģܳɺͳߣҽԺĹ涨
æǾȥ˰
רƵҽҪ̸ǩֵȡ
ҽʦ⣬ҲֻεˣλͬѧæѪĵ绰˵ҪѪϵƣ
ͱôһָ
еĿɿڴʦܳɡ
˵͸ϽܳȥȥͲĺϵˡ
ŵʱ
Ѿˡ
˰ѲҽԺѾĴˡ
ҲҪȥǮ
ҲûʲôٴοٵػصǰٵؿҽдŸ̸ǩֵĲϡ
д̰Ѳܳɣ˵ɸ磬ּˣ
զֵе
ҽƻ︺ƶȺͻƶȣǺƶȡ
У︺Ϊ˱òܡ
ƶȵıʣʵΪЭβ飡
רƵ⽻רƵҽ
˱Ҫһ㶼ûģ
ǣܳɺͳûд¼һκؿҵ⣬ûл¼
̨ٿۣһʹˣǶǼٵģȫȫ
ˣ鷳
ܻˣ᷸ҲųһЩ˺ͷ
߶ԺƶȲϤˣͱ˹
ͱ˵ո˭ȥ绰ˡ
Ȼ˳⡣
򷣿̸ҽʸ
һҽʦ͵ѧʱ
ִҵҪΪԼΪȫ
Ϊҽʦǹܴҽʦʱһ㶼ϼҽʦġ
Щҽ·ϵĳɳ
ʱѪ;ܾһЩܹܺõػȻĻȴľ֡
Լڲʮ𼱣ܳɺͳҲֻɲдȻٺ˰顣
ܳɺܿд꣬Ȼʼƿҵֵҽ绰
Ѽͬ׼ãȻȥãҪ׼á
ڷ㶣ܳҲһæ
ֻܳҪǿص̸ɣҵȫùܣҲܲˡ
ǣûֻȺֵȨ
̨߼󣬵һʱ䲹ǩ֣
ܳɺܿذѻ¼дֽ꣬˹ܴλ磬ʦͲ˽һ¼ңȥ׼ϣȻˣ
ѾѪƵĵ绰ˡ
뺰ſڣǵʱ̸
ˡ
ܳ˵꣬ȥӡˡ
ģƵֵҽ׼ˣֱӴӡ
ʱ
໤ȴִй
һ˵ĲˣŹؽڵλ
ǿƼǿǼгפҽİ
ƺҽڶԲ֪¼ǻʿ˵Ļ
ȴǵҽǿƵסԺǼơ
3Ǹȫ෢˵Ĳˡ
ͦصġ⣿
ҽȥƬӵһۡ
ʱûƤˣȸ˽ͣȻǿƷҪʲôٿظͷûˡ
ҪĻȥǿܵ绰
Ҫԭ
ȱס
Ǳס
ãǻʿϽ˽
ˣЦЦǹǿƻͦģһ
ɸ磬ˣǰȥˡ
ܳɵͷûü˵ʲôһʿ˽
ǹǿƵסԺɣҽʦƬӣճġ˽źףˡпտһ𣿡ɫ·Ļʿߵܳǰ
ٵ˵꣬Ͷǻʿվĵһָ
Ϊġ
ƽƬCT˴ŵȼϴӡһʱƣÿҽԺжƬϵͳֻҪһɣܹԽƬ
ƬڼﲡˣΪܹҽһʱ˽ⲡ顣
ƽﲡˣ඼Ҫȵġ
ƽﲡ˶ҽôʱרŸļϵͳأ
ʿֻǺܳסԺһǶԹǿƵҽϵͳô죬ҲΪȥס
һҪֹܵļﲡʮÿĸҽ
ÿҽһ£Ҳ
ö֮ͶסԺʦҽ
Ƕܳɲء
ãȥ߻֪ʲôʱ̸̨ܳϡ
ǰһһƽƬͶȡ˳
Źؽںλٿ䣬54꣬ԡ
ֲʺϼַλǣܳɲ᷸ԺԴ
ǿƵ֮һַλкܶԺǳʹĲˣַͨ
ܹò˵ʹ̼ᣬŽԺʮųȥĶС
ǣԵĴǾԲܷġ
ܳɻǼCTв棬δҵԵĹ۵
ʣڵʶô
ͷۡۺ͸ʹ𣿡
ûеĻֱӴӡһŹؽλַλģ壬ҡ
ʿҡҡͷͷʹʹЩûУҽʦǻڿصƬӡ
Ҿ׼̸ͬ飬ҽʦǱûʲô⣬Ҿͼҡ
Ȼٴ绰㡣
ˣͼҾ˰ɣ
ţ߻ипֹ̽Ѫġ
Ҫһʱ䣬ңͺˣȻǵüƵҽҽһӵ㼡ҩȻҵ绰ҵҼ䣬ҳվ͹ȥѸλˡܳɽ
Źؽںλ֮Ϊʹβ󷽵ļţҪӼҩ
һ˾鲻ҽʦ˵һҲ⡣
ãܻʿҲûΪʲôֻǾܳҲе
һ̨ﲡ˶ûʼ㣬µġ
ȥֺˣԼϼ绰æû˰㡣
ڼҽ´ÿһҽҪһ£
ǿкܶಡ˶ûˡ
ܹرشĴ
ȻּʷǳСֱȥִˡ
ܳɾеæˣϽһ̨ԣӡͬ顣
ֻͬдƺͲ֢գ
˵ĻϢҪдΪûסԺϵͳȥ
һ崴̽飬һַλġ
Ϊһ׼һ˵̸ǩ֡
ŹؽַλȥҼ̸Ϳȥˣû뵽ǡ
ܳɸ̸껰׼ҵʱ澹Ȼܽһ򸾡
һֲֹĻ
꣬һֻţĸ׷֣С޻ˣ۾ͨͨģһ߿һί
ʿϺʿȹҺţŴȽ
ŮһһߺҽҽҼұ
ͻȻһ¾̧ˣô°Կóǳ͵Ҫ
ܹҽʦӴĻǸûҽʦ
ˣҲεؿܳһۣ˵ҪƬô˵ģ
ҴҼұȥ֣Ҿһ£
ͻȻ޴
ôô嶼Ҳ˵ҽô£˫ֲԼĺӡ
˾ֻܿܳɷ򣺡ǿܣҪǵһ
д
͵жΣ
ֻǼȻܳɾȻһܳɵ
ܳ˲ʷѾԼϡ
λƬûʲôãͨʷϡ
ܳɾ̸̰ĵӷϣȥСѵ⡣
Сһ߿һ߶㣬ֻͬʱ
ָҪץܳɣŵҲҪҪʹҪ
ʵܳɵѾⲿ۾Ѿָͨȷʱû񾭵ˣֻܻ֤۵ĿԲ
ֻҪȷǴĴʹɡ
ڴͬʱֻҪһס󲿣һסⲿ
Ĵָסͷλãؽڴ쵽ĹתǰۣɽλСͷλ
˵Сѣټһ£ֻǼһºòã
Сӿܳƺסá
Ϳŵ˵ͷʹ
˵˵ʱܳǱѾ΢һ
ٰܳСӵϱʮֿλã
˵Ѿˣλϸ磬鷳㿪ҽüȥɷѾͿˡ
ʵæ
һСͷλλһXƬǰ۵һܾͺˡ
ܳɻ˵꣡
ǸŮ˵ͺˣɱңڻ𣿡
ֶһ£
Сӵ˵ͷʹûʼôʹˡ
˵ʱ˶֡
Ҳһ㶼ʹˡ
ŮŵһΪʲôˣҼұԭûʲô鰡
ߣǻؼҡ
Ȼˡӭ׼Ϲҡ
һӺ󣬾ʹ˺͹Һ̨ʿ
ܳüͷһ壡
̾һʲôû˵
ĲƳԭͬʱС֣
˵Ĳ˼ڼҲ
ҽսļơûסԺʦôƺ
ʦ̫ˣҽܳɾͿˡܳɻһ䣡
Ȼҽ´пģڼң˵ң̸Ĳ϶û׼
ǳɸȥæǼƵĵҽרתְࡣ
ܳɳȥ֮ǰ˹ָҲе˼СŮĲݸܳɡ
ֻܳǸϽѼﲡȫ
СŮʵҪǰ۵ģע⿴޶˻
ĲˣܳڰҽԺҲǸӡ
ܳʵûʱȥˡ
Ҵ뿪˼ƣֱȥңǸķǳ


İٶʮһ ʱĸͬ
ܳȰСŮļﲡˡΪ˰ȫǡ
ϣǺӱˣԸҪǸַλķãҺŷҲҪˣӱаɣ
ֻǣҽߵţܳȥѲ˺ͼסע
ܳ߻һ¡
շԸ˴ƵֵҽԼ˵̸ǩֵͬ鶼дáȻǸؽλĲ̸ǩ֡
ҷʱ
סԺĵ绰һһε绰룬ֻ
ܳüͷ΢΢һ壬˫ͬʱȲ߮ĵ绰ƼӰ࣬ȥ3䡣
˵͹Ҷϣû߮˵Щʲô
ȻֽͨסԺ绰
ιãǿơܳɻҲü򵥣Ҹɴ
绰Ϥ
֪㣬ܸ硣
ǼƵء
ոǸλСûԺԶֽˡ
ڼƴ󳳴֣Ҫ㡣ɷ򻹰ҽƵ˴ˣҪٱ㡣
Ҫչһ£ϾҽƵˡ
ܳץһͷ
˵ã
룺
Ͱ̬
ꡣ
֪ܳһӣ
϶Ҳƣ
ǣСӣûΪȫǼҳġ
ҳǼ໤ˣ໤˾ܾƣֱӴ˾ܡ
ô죿ȥܿסһٰ
ܳµһѵĲ˺ͼΧţǿҽͻʿ
ʿǰܳйһ֮ԵλƵĸ֡
ģСӵĸռ˶ڣŭ˵ҽԺ۸ˡ
ϴѧҽԺˣСӸˣڰҽõ档
ҼҺӽ룬ſ֣׵ʲôˣŮ˰Ѻӵ˳
ȷʵ˿еۡ
Աߺӵĸ˫ֵָͨıӡ
˵ҲǷᡣȻҼСôҷǵðŪ
Сˣ㿴Ҽ̣󷽷˵ÿ
Ҫǲ˽г˭ܲˡ
ţ绰绰ͬ¹úõıһ¡
ô˵еɣ˵ȱ
ҽƵֵмȰ˵Ůʿ侲һ¡
ǼȻҽƣǾͻḺġ
ҽΣһش
Ѿҽˡ
Ӻܼĭ𣺡ҽΣ
ҴźӣҽԺβ˵˭ΣҿܿҵΰҲҽǰûȥѧҽĿ
ǲһ˵ҾعǡλѶæ¼
¼ԣҲ˭¼Ƶ˭ӻСҾûҪϲʲôۼȰο
ϴѧҽԺӹҽβò쵼ʼӣӵĸ״˱绰
ڵкˡ
һ޽ǣȻۿЩ޴ֵࡣ
ԱΧ۵˲ָָ㣡
Ҳкֻ֣˴ǲġ
ܳɴŰ״߽һƿȺһã鷳һãҪΧ˺ðɣлл
ģҲֵģ԰ɣ
״ӿûǶˣǲΧۣ
϶ǲܵġ
ܳóͨܳɵǰŸ߹̾˰ѿ϶ˣⲹٶȣҽ϶Ҫܡ
ߵȺģ
ǸŮָܳɵסӹҽ
ҽֵ࣬һʮŮԡ
ʱ۾δԣеƫ̻ҽҽԺֵ졣
ֵӵ˾ٱ绰ҹ˽һǲʲôѽ
ְֵܿңҲٴҵϼ쵼ңȻѧߣȨȴ
ֵҽϽֵ࣬ҽԺ齨Ŀң׷ϵλ޼Ȩϼҽʦ£Ȩ
ܳҿһȦû£ʣҽأ
ͷ˵ҽȥ˼ICUȡСҪǾٱ
︺ǣֻܳǻġȥˣҲ
ܳ۾˭Ҳʶǰ
ܳ⻰
ǸŮʱͻˣҽԺϷݵúð
㻹ʶң
㻹ôˣƤҸ㣬ָƵģ㶯ҼС
Ҷʡҽת˵ʶˡ
ˣ
쵼ˣԺأҪǵ쵼Ҫٱ㡣
ӵĸ״˿ҲǴ㵵ؿܳɣ֪ܳΪλô˵
־׼кסˣΪҲˡ
˿϶ô򣬵еҪá
ֵҲɫϽ任˼£λŮʿ侲żǽġ
㿴ҽ˵˻𣿡
ܳɣҽŮʿǵյؾٱ
ܳʣţǾٱʲô
ҽʲôĻܲܣ˽½ˡϣܳǸϢŪ顣
֤أܳɼʣ죬ҲǸŮӡ
ɻ󣺡֤ݵĻ
ˣǵĲ͹Һż¼أ
Ůԣɫлңʲô֤ݣС޵ף֤ݣʲôʲôҽţʲôҽԺ
ҪȾǰɣ
ܳɾͿ˵֤ݣҺŵ֤ݣ
ǩдߵӲ֤ݡ
ǹңȫҽԺһʵƾ֮⣬κλʵƾġ
Һšдȫγɾʵ
ҪٱҵĻ֤ҽԺ˺ţд˲ҸʲôϣôƵģƺûע
Ҫ˵ƴҪ֤ҸʲôưƵĽɷѵʲôģ
㲻ǸˣɶûУϸŸ㿴˲ɣ
Ǹҽ飬ǲġ
㲻ʾλֵ˵ĶԲԣ
飬ǰܳɾͺһƵģӦ൱ɡ
԰ǽɷˣнɷѼ¼вЩġвͬ⣬Ҷôߵġ
Ⱑû͸㿴ˣûɷѾ͸ˣ
ʲô˵ҺйҺż¼ɷнɷѼ¼вд¼ϼ¼
ϴѧҽԺҽԺЩ̶ġ
Сĸĸʱһ͡
УйҺŰ
㿴⣬Ҿǹǵĺţǿһи¼ǸǮ
ոǽǵСڲˣôһ
㻹˺ż¼أôҿأ⼱ƵĻʿɲ
⻰һ
˲ٵָָ㡣
ҲпǲϴѧҽԺļ
źͷˣ￴ˣȻ˺Լȥ˰
ãȻ˵ҶǵСһ£ʲôʱ򶯵ôģΪʲôҪ
ڶʱͿеĻȥҾɣֻҪܹҵҵָƺðɡܳɾúЦ˶ҽﲡǰ׵ġ
иëָŶ
ֵ࣬ﻹкüҪȥҲȡ
ܳɾҪߣŮ˺̾ͻˡ
鶼ûܳôߣ
Ů̱粵ָƣ㶼ôָƣ
ⲻˣǰƺ˵İɣ
ҽԺһѣΪΣ

Թ۵ˣҲɵӣŹֵؿǶԷޣ˵ǰɲóˣҽдʲô˵ôأ
ԺʱеģëǮһҲ𣬴ҶеġкΪû
Ȼҽø쵼ȻҲҪġ
νĹҺż¼Ͳҵĺˣ
֮ǰߣɷѣѹͲ֪
ȥǰ̨˵ĹҺŷ½ɷѣ
ǲԼԼ
ëǮҪ˻һ
̾һƨ˵ϣźϴѧҽԺҪɱ
ʼ
ҽԺľ͵ˡ
źɢȺֱӺڵϵĸŮվ
ڼƴ󺰴У˵¡
ȻܳɺǰѸԵĽظһ顣
˵ģ
ϾƷ˵֮󣬾ܳɡ
ܳɰԼɰڳ֮
˵ͬ־סԺҽʦкüҪûʱﵢˡ
˺ͼѡ񿴲ͲԼ￴Ȩ
ѵҲǾٱҽ֤ݣԷĲڴҪŶԷ˵Ǿ仰
긾ŮһƲԣǴҽΪûǮô
ֻǸӰǵǮǽɷѻ𣿡
㵽ûĺҽ°
㵫еģôܲأ
֮ǰҼС˸λͲˣΪûǮ
ĶҪֻǮ𣿡
һӵ㶼ܵ𣿡˵ǼҲ֮
תͷ˿ܳɡ
ܳĮصǲǺļ໤ˣҲǶεĵһˡ
ӿΪƣԼԼĺӵĻͲҺŷѺƷѶԸȻ֮תͷߡ
ҲΪٴγ⣬ȥβҵ鷳
ۺӵǣңֻô鷳Ҹ㺢ӵƷá
ԼӺúõؿ²
ǲϸؾ¼ƽ飬Ϊʲô֮Ϊʲôûҽĺע
ԼһԼʲô
ڿ
Ҫȥˣͬ־мܳ˵꣬Ҫת뿪
ʲô˼ߣôأ
Ҫȥܳץһ߹סˣ˵
ǻȥСúÿһ°ɡҪҸҲúӳԿ
ռǣҸոҲˣǱߵҽͻʿʼĩҡ
ǽǵҽʦ
˵ҽûнɷѵ£˸λȻȥɷѣ
˵Ҫһǽǰ۵ǲҽģԸɷѣֱӴźӾ뿪ˣڵ̨ǰѹҺŷˣëǮҪˡ
°ɣ
˵ǼСûʲô顣
ȥԼɣҽԺܿǵɣΥġ
ôɣ˵˼ûҽ¡ʲôɿ
԰˼˵úףСҪƺͼ飬˼רҵģ㲻ԼðԱ˾ڽˡ
ҽ㽨飬˵û¡˼ҽô죿㻹Ҫ˸𣿡
ŮЩˡ
ʱҲûҽµҽֻҪǻǮֻǵǮ
ûǮҲûͬƣСʲôڿڴһǮûС
Ҹ㣬ûҵͬ⣬ҵСҪκ⣬ҾԺûûˡǵø𵽵ס

ܳȴȥ˼ңѾ˷̫ʱˣǵʱԣ
һ˶ԣʱ


İٶʮ ţƶ
ܳʱ򣬿һ²˵Ļ
ܸӣڴǻڵĴѪ
֫ĳѪǲرء
ܳɴȰһؽλĸλոˡ
ϵһʱŹؽλĲѾѾˣ̨Աߡ
ϵļ࣬һܿա
ҽѾŹǷǰȻǱš̨ϡ
ϵļûи̨ϴֻ֣һѲػʿæµš
ѲػʿܳɲŲŲҵĲӽϽʣǿסԺǰɣҪʲô࣬
ʱð
ʦѡʲô
飬˼ˣƵ˸Ҵ绰ҽģеۣҲǾ̨ûʲô˼
ôƺæܳɿٵض̨Ե˵
ʦҽСɽһ˸Ͻæ
һҪʶػػȻͻȻƺʶܳɵ
ٵ˼ܳǰתһȦȻЩסˡ
ܳɿΧԼתһȦͲˣ̧ͷʣʲô𣿡
˵էһϡ
ܳɶǸϾ;ȵŶǸܳɰ
⻰Щ̫
ܳûǴĻӦĴѧѡ
ɳҽѧԺᣬ˼䡣ܳɰϵʮһСܹʮˣĵˣȻһС࣬ȴǸСġ
ܳɼǵõʱסԼб档
棿ܳʡ
б棿ܳĲ̫ȷǲ
Ͼһҵģ˵ȥֱӹˣⶼȥ
ܳ໥ʶ
Ŀ΢
ƣ죬ϴѧҽԺסԺ
ԣܡ
ǲμ˻㹤֮ߵǶ˶ʿоǩЭģԺҪȥϼҹлС
Ҳǵ֮ǰܳɳУҲͨడԼĴࡣ
ʼʱ˵ܳɵ֣ҲԼôӦ
е̫ˡ
Ͼһ죬ţˣҲǶںħԺĲʿǰ;
ֱӹ˵ģһţƵҽԺģδš
붼롣
ġ̳ӡ˰ܣƲҪе𣿡
ͬһҵģܳɵ˽Ǻܶġ
ܳɸеĿƳɼ롭
ҽʦĵȼ
ϰʵϰ=оʿԺסԺҽʦסԺҽʦҽʦҽʦΣΡ
ܳѾסԺˣ
νĸܣͨԺҽʦҪһ
һӸ˺ܶ𡭡
ˣκ˵ϣ涼ԼܽܣܳڱƣǶǶɶ鰡
ܳɾ˵ţƶʲôԺۣҪȰѼˣ
ţƶǵʣϲȾƣǾǶ¶֮ţƤӵ͵һˡ
ƵʱܳĹϵɱȶںҪ̫ࡣ
˵һǰǰĽзܰɡ
صĺϴѧҽԺסԺҿ
ȻҪȥȺͰ༶Ⱥһȥ
ܳ˵ɵ飬ȻԷʱٽɡ
һȥԸҹ
㲻ɳУûձҵʱԼ绰Ұҵ绰һֱû
򲻺˼˵ֻ˽ˣĪ˵ǵ绰ˣëûһ
ȻΪʵ뷨ǣԼס࣬ڿ֪ܲȥؼҽԺ
Ҵ绰ô
Ȳ˵ˣСɽһţԱ߿ֱܳӸԼͬѧ֧ˡ
Ҫף˵ô࣬϶ûְæˣڣΪ˱ӣǰѻĻˡ
GõġСɽæ
ܳҲ룬λ򵥡ҪҪи֡
ܳȽŹؽڣһ£˳չǣ
ôһ£˵Źؽڲλǵһ
Ǹλɹʤ
ܳٴμ˻ߵĻȣֱգչ
ȶá
ܳɿһۻ棬СɽһƬӡȻ㸺Ѳͳȥ
Ŀɿڴ޷
ȥæСɽҲһ±ƣԼæģǰ˸įŶ
ɶʮûԼû׼
ҽվ˵룬üһŲӡ
λ͸ˣʮء
ʦˡܳɺЦһ
ȻֶСɽ˵Сɽ࣬ȻǱߵļ֮ǳȥԵҹ
ܸ磬ҾͲȥ˰ɣŽˣԡСɽƵоǿתģҲ֪֮ܳԺ϶ֻǿ
ʱ䲻ˣԸܳɺͻм䣬ܳɺͻĵòġ
µúܡ
ܳɾͶСɽ˵УСɽȥϢԺǰһֻҪһʮ춼Ҳ¡
סԺûȨеġ
ϴѧҽԺļסԺֵ࣬סԺҽʦļ࣬һһ࣬㹻̨ļˡ
ܳɾͺͻ׼߹ȥһ伱ҿһ£ǻû߳ңܳɵסԺ绰ˡ
ܳɽӹһ
Ȼ˵ţƣʱȥҹˣ˸֫Թ۵ģҪ̨
ȥһ£
һ߮ˣֻҪȥȷһ̨߮ϣû⡣
ܳɶ߮ΣסԺܳɻûôġ
԰ܡѹסĵĲȻƫͷʣȻ崴ܲܣ
ܳɵͷ˵ǵĹϵǸõġ

ȵܳȷ߮һ䣬̨֮ܳɾͳ׶Ǹ˷ˡ
ڼһȦ
Ȼذ̸ǩֲȫԲ֮˾ֱָҡ
һ̨֫˵Ĳˣҽ֮ǰǸҸŹؽλҽ
һߴһ˵ǹǿƽ
ܳɵͷЦŵǾҲʦصҹǽʦˣԱ̶ˡѧһܳԶʳ
ҽˣתͷ˵˺˼
ʲôѣҽˡȻܳɴ󣬵Ҳʮֻ꣬ʮꡣ
ܳɣܳܣɹĳɡܳɸϽԱš

ܳûٽбˡ
ֹѪܳɾҪ̧ȣĻø˻档
ͬʱ֮̽ܳû濪ʼ崴ϣ
ֱӵһȻעԼ˵ʽһһأָתŻĲ
ʦ⣬Ƕ࿴ۣܳ˲˾
Ȼۣ֮ǰΪܳǸ֣ܹм£ʡ
ǽѧüٵģǿ˵ĶҪвθвеġ
˵ĶԻ֪ܳɵݣϸµܳɽ
ԽЩܳɣЩط֮͸ֱ߰˶ö
ҾȻһЩͨƺ򷨹ڵ˼
ܳɵ;磬ȴеĸӿֲ
ᡣ

ʮӡ
ǿĵذǰֺеľԼN񾭶˳
涼ȷԼġ
ǳĵܳ۵ܣ˵Ҳ̫ˣֹǹ۵Ķ϶˾ͲôףҪ֫˰
֫ڡܳЦЦ˵˵Ҳֲ̫ˣǹǿĩ
ʣµĲɣҲҸˡǹ۵Ķ϶˲N񾭺񾭡ǳ񾭽֮
ֹѪĵ絶
ܳҲƴǣٵؽӹ֣Ȼλø˻档
˵Ұ鼡һ£ԣ
˳һ񾭵ȦҲϡ
עˣҪ
ܳۼֿذѷֹǵԶ˹Ե
񾭴г˳նյرܹе񾭡
ţܳס˲˵Ľףֻ΢΢һǣǲ˵ĽžǱʩչħһԶλתֻܳǰԶ˹Ե۽һ͡
˵Ĺ̸λֻһ׵Ĺˡ
תλƺһҲȫλˡ
ѧǿƲ֣ߵֻۣ֫ҪɽλλǶ϶ܹԽ֮һͿԴﵽ˹ܸλı׼
ܳɾô̶̵ʮʱ䣬Ѿˡ
ͫ΢֮ʣǲڵţƣţơţƣ
ţƶţ
ͨܳһ֣ﻹ֪֮ܳǰڹøֵĻ᣿
Ļ̨ܶˡ
ʵǻĻô򵥵崴ܳѹͲս
ֲˣȥҽԺɡ
ܳɾ˵Լðɡ
֮ټѣһ˵Ȩѧɧſڼ
һǸļ֯ſڹ۶϶Ѿλˣ֮ǰ񾭺ѪܣҪˣſſ㸺̶۵Ľ˺Զˡʱ̶
֮ǰĲã
ſܺõسſֹǺȺļ⣬Ϻõر¶˹۶϶ˣ
Ȼܳ˵棬̶ָֹǵĽˣһִյǣԶˡ
ùֻҪס۶˲λҴʱ̶󡣡
ͿԿʼ̶֧ˡ
ƵƵͷܳɵضˣӦ̧ͷܳɣңҴ̶֧ܣ
ʲôѪ񾭶¶ˣڿü£̶֧򣡡ܳЦЦȻͿٵؽ룬۶϶˹̶֮
ֵڿԷſˣţƣ
磬ɣƣò΢΢졣
ȻͣҲ̶֧ܣ֮ǰڹĵطų̂Ļᡣ
УܳҲڴСҽԺ֪ЩΪġ


İٶʮ ҹ
ҽѧ·ҳ
ǱƱҵҲֻţ
оͬһ棬ͬר֮䣬оһǽİ
ǵ˽ڣͬרƽ֮䶼ʶä
һֻôһҲֻܹһרУпʱȥպϤרƵĲ֪ʶ
Ϊÿһרƣ㹻
ˡ⡢ؽڡ˶ҽѧǲףһŲǸƺ˵򵥵ģ˵ȫܵģ⺺ûȥ
Ҫȥϸ֣Է֡
Ρˡֲ˶
ÿϸֳÿһţ㹻һҽʦȥһӣ
ⶼеǿȻ˾ȻһѧƣȻԽ⸾Ǻǻȸҵļⲻǳô
ҽѧϵĲûô٣
ÿһֲҲûôǳԡ
̿дô͡
ܳʵʱҲԽѧԽǺ£Խؾã
ܳɺڵС
ܳûѻ浱ͨѧộڲУϻƣֹǸɵĹ̶ۣ֧֧ܺܶУѡ֧ܡ
ǽһ֧ܡ
Ȱַſһȥ׼һ·̶֧ܵĶ
ܳΪί񣬾»̶֧Ҫʲô
ûϵѧ»︺
ǲģܿ͵̬
һӣѧܶΡ
㿪ʼѧѧѧһһһһ
̬֮󣬻浹˲࣬ؿܳһ̶֧ܵеһһ
ǹ̶ӸܣӸ˹̶ñ
ֻܳһöǹ̶͹̶ñ̨ϱȶһ£ȻԸϻƣöϹ
Ҫڹ۵Ľ˺Զ˶ͬʱö̶γǴö̶
Ӹ֮󣬾γȶĲȫǣԴﵽѵĹ̶λ
ƵƵͷܿؾõӸ˺ʣµö̶̶ñ
ҽλµͬѧ̨˻·ڿϷ
ܳɰѿãҰѹ̶װ˵ϣҴöţ󣬶򼸿ţ
ܳɼͶι
ãֻһ֣˼ˡ
ڵܳɣɲͬѧʦ
Ҫѧ̬
̶ʱһҪעⴹֱڹƤʽ룬ѡֹǰλá
ǰܱ񾭺ѪܣҪעⲻҪֹǰˣΪǰΡ
ܳɽͣ޾ϸ
һ˵ܳɾ׼ذѶӸ뵽ͻֹ֮ͣ
Ȼרŵİ̶ֽȫ뵽Ƥ֮£ʱܹﵽѵĹ̶Ч
濴꣬˵ˣӦû⡣
ܳɵȻرģһЩҪ㣺
ȹ̶ֹԶˣҴĶӲֱߣӸߣƫˡ
̶ñλĹۣҪ뿪ǣԹ̶ñλҪԤڹ̶˵ڲࡣ
ƫͷһЦһ𣿡
ãܳʮ⣬΢١
˼⵶ҲȵƿƤȻǯԷƤֱ֯棬ٰѹ̶õ꾫׼롣
̶ͷĦŲͣ
ȴһûȫעעı仯
ͻƸкͣ£Ȼð̶ֽ뵽λá
꣬һ
ʵ̶֧ܣҲûеôѡ
ؼָܳúܵλˣԼԲҡ
˵һŶӣڶŶҲͼˣϸµٴοһXߣȷù۵λ֮ȡԼ3cmٴƿƤ
Ӻ󣬻ֹǰö̶
ܳɾͲ˵̶ñ̶Ӹˡ¹̶һߣٴڴӸ˳ɲ෽Լ4590ȵķ򣬴ʣŹ̶ٹ̶Ӹˣ
γɰ뿪ǣҲȹ̡
ãɸ磬һϰɣΪ˽Լһʱ䡣˵
ܳɺ⣬滹֪ҲòҪһϵʱҪ㡣
̶֧ܵѵڶλж۷ͣݶʵһϰԲ֪ô򣬲ǹؼ
ظԵĲûҪ˷̫ʱ䣬ʱȥۻ
̶֧֮ܳɾû崴
崴ĲΪˡ
ʱܳ΢һ»ĲȻVACѹ
˹ƴϣֱͿң
һЦָоˬ
ܳһԼסԺҽʦǰꡣ
ջȵġ԰ɣܳɿ˿档
˿˷ܡĵɫȫβס
Ӧһ̨˱ȽϹؼ
һĲ츳һ㶼ֻƽʱõĻ̫ˣ
¼ҽԺȽεĵطϼԸ㶵ףһ취ûУֻܹȥԼģȻԼΡ
ѵ㣬ʵˣֻԼֻ⣬νⰡ
Ҳȣûô
ҽҲǿԺ֮
Ҳһҽ
ۻеۡ溩Ц
һͷϵϸһ±ӡ
һ̶֧ܣǿ϶ǼװģʵͷѾϸ
û£
пյĻԺʦһ£ߴ£ͬⲻܳɴŻϴֳطߣ
Ȼ˵ϻƣ̫ˣԸһ㡣
ȻⰡɸ硣ҽԺҽԺ˼ҵĺӣʦֹһ㡣ֻǲǾֵܰ
Ҫ֪㣬TMԵʱ򣬾˰
ܳԿЦ˵㸴ԵʱҰƻûʶأ
渴Ӧȥʱ׼ʿĴ磬ϴѧҽԺǿƵӰʵޡ
ʵҲޡ
һ
һʱ䣬
ܳɻûشסԺĵ绰ˡ
ûࡣ

ԼһСʱ
ܳɺͻ¥
߼˳Ȼֱ̱ҵ档
һ㶼ż䣬ȻŻ¥110䰲š
Ѿܳɺͻˣĵ̨ˡ
Թֲָۡ̽иոյ̨ϵġ
۰ɸ磬Ҳװп
ܳɲҪҪĹǻ涼óģܳɻܹС
رһ̨ļϣȫ̶ܳڲ
ϵĴܼһ룡
Ͽɲȷ·۾֣һֿ顣
еۣܳɰѿֳˣ͸ɺԳɿǣͷʪš
һСȻȥϡ
ܳ˵ˣȥҹʣµļҰŸסԺ
ֽҪסԺֵĻᡣ
ΪĻܳǿԲǫ̂ļģһЩС⣬Ȼ󽻸ҵܾͺˡ
ңҲûȥڻڶ飬˹ʡ
УȥλáΪܳڸʾʲô
У㶩λã˵͡ǰͽɳУøҴ绰һûأ͵Ĺأ㲻ˡ
Сΰ£ֵؽܳɵװơ
ܳſڣһ
ȻҪվʱ
ѲػʿܳúĲģܳſڣ
۾ɵôؾʣָǵڶ̨ɣ
֮ǰڼҵġ
̧ܳͷһЦǰ׽㡣
пѲضʱͷ㵽λ񰡣ܸܲһذ
һСʱ̨ѹ㶼ȥϢˡϵģأ
˭˭һСʱ̨˵䣬߳һ·
˵Ⱑ硣㲻֪ǿռ䡣ͬǶֲָһ̨ټһ̨崴Ǽϣһ̨Žָ
Ǳ߶ָ˵ɣСһ
ոսһ̨Ƿָļģʮӡ
Ҿ˵Ϊʲô˵ˡ
ܳҲЩǸصǸⲻҲôҶ°
ܳɳվȻȥˣλֵܣ׽°ࡣ
ұҰ
Ƶģֵⷽ⣬ҿԸָһ¡·ǺܻƵģô˸Ц
ܳԣϻЦָָкõİɣָȦ
˵꣬ܳҲǱҵܲ߹ȥˡ
һ£ԶԶ˼ֵܣȫֱûһ
ܳûӦ
ʣڿôû
ҽ֮ٶbattleϼʶ˲٣ôҲûⰡ
Ⱦָ׻һָ𣿡ǳ޵ôһ䡣
Ȼȴû˼ҲǾþˣ˵Ҵָס
ȥöˡ
һȻȥ̨ѾӽβʣµĽоҪȥϢһˡ
û˼Ȼ˸ʯˣȥˮõܵľ˰
ʲôô3.0㿪Цɣ
ã
3.0cmʯǿ϶õġȥӰʧҵͨΪҹˡ


İٶʮ 취
ϣܳҹ֮󣬻ҲͻȥϢˣֻܳɻҪࡣ
ҲĽϴùƵġ
סԺͬʱ̨߮ھĸסԺڻû
ܳɻǽӵ˼ĵ绰
˼ƵҺ
ڷһƳƳһݵһŴ磬ӦһˡȫѪ衣
Աߣüطŭغڸʲô
ǾȰҵܵܰ
ԲûþˣͣѾкüСʱˡѾȲˡټఴѹҲ޼¡Ρ
ͣѾ˰СʱϵκμͲġ
ŭ˴ʮ꣬ҲѪܵģ
ֻƤ
ĳʱаȫͰȫҵı
ܵܵʱں棬ǿϣġ
ֵԼؼҸϸ׹յİ͵ֻ˶ӣ
ûаȫͰȫҵ£Ϸ
ֱӰ˾͸ˡ
Ǵ£ڳ
ͷȻ޷ƵģǾȻʱҵܵû˵ô˵ûûˣ
ǾûĺӰ
ҲΪ̫˵̫ˡ
ԲǺܱǸ
滹ҪĲˣϣܹһ£ǡſſڣƳ˹ȥ
ǸӺȻ˫ֲͣԼͷ
ͱʣȥŵذ壺ʮ߰ǾȾ
Χ۵Ĳ˺ͼҲۡ
үĲпᣬЦȴǳɽ⡣
еļﶼеļ֮ܿѵã塣
ܸ
ҲҪֿĲ롣
ǿҲֻǿ
ǰûôһ˵
ܳɵʱ죬һ߼Χ۵ȺһǼҵҽǴĵܣǺҿĲˣ𣿡
ĻǾû˰
ܳɵĻһ̾ǴԶط˹վȵе㾽ȣʵ֮ǰڴһߡ
˲ѿƣ˵һѾȥң
ȺУŲҴңԿЬѾȵˣûʱȥ
ˣѹˣ
Ӵвһֱбѹ״֫𡣺ҲֻѹȣҪϿһ㣬˾ûˡ
Ƭ𣿡ܳʡ
У㿴һ£췼һһֻȶ˼£Ļǲ˵ĴƬ
ܳɵʱˣǼٺü˵ˣ
θ涼ʼ
٣
еĽû˵ģ
нֱӿ˵ġӴ£һֱϷĹѪⶼģѹե֭һġ
ܳɻһο
˻ڻŵ±͵
ⲻ漣ʲô
ʲôģ𣿲֢״ûУڵøϽ֫ܳɿ˵
ɹĹǶ¶
·ڵĴȺСȽṹѾˣǿźӵڶ
Ѫܺ񾭵Ĳм뼡ά˿һëš
ȿ϶ǾȲˣҪٵһܱܲס֪
˵Ƿʱòˣ
ӳȾͱ˴ĳꤵȥˡ
û³Ļûˡʱȶ׼ܹЩ߻״̬ʿһһ˵
ܳɺܿʹ˼ףȻһ
Ȼ˲ˣӴȵĲж˻ϵѪ
ˣ˵ѪѹУȥڶѪûã
ǿƵûϵ˸ôŪڽȵ˴ʮµͣܳɲʶʦǸڻ߽ڣƢ𱬡
ܳɿܽͣҪϽ֫𣿡
ʦλǹǿƵܡʿԱ˵
ܲܣʱ׼п˿ŻߵͷбƫŰҰ¶
Ҫܽͽȥˡ
ǹǿƹ֪ϵĳѪôŪһֱŰɣȥһ¾ֱˣ涼Ұġ
ܳûԷ
ֱԼ˫ȥͰѪܲж˸ץסˣȻ׷Ѵᡣ
ǵֹסȽϴѪܳѪ
ɶٵһĻڳ˶ûӦ
ҿеѪǯ֣Ͽ죡ܳɻͷ㶣ŭȣΪе㼱

ȻתͷʦʦֻҴ֮ǰλCTɨûУ
ʦ˴˿Ѿܵ˽ȥѸܵĿӻ˳
ְæ̶ܵܣһȷܵԶλá
תͷ˵Ҳˣ˾ǻԵģںơ
ȥCTңҲңʱҪûˡ
οڣֻѹˣ˭ϵϣڣô
ҵĻû취
ܳɵͷɶ֧ڼðסǲеģѪҪѪɥʧҺҲǳࡣ
ҪȥҴжˣȻٶѪûã
дֵĵ绰Ȩûҵ⣬ǡܳɻδϡ
εҽһܳ⻰Ҳ֪ôģеˣǹǿǲǳͲ֪ˣ
ôȥңǲǳͲܾ˰
ܳɵʱеȻؿˣ
ôһˣëɣ
ֵ绰ûУܳûʦԿвɡ
ҪҪУԲû壡
ϾͼʵҲˣڵ֢ң
ûֵĵ绰ǿƵ⵽ôŪ
ǲǹǿƵˣǲǹǿƵסԺҪ취Эҡ
ϲ֪ƢҲǾУš
ֵֹܳһ˵ǹǿƵסԺҵơ
ڲŷϰֹѪ֫Ȼݿ
ֻʱֹѪǯҪĳѪλֹסǵ鲻˺ܾãⲻǳ֮ơ
ȥңǲǾû취ˣ
ǲҪҺԹϾȻܳɵĽ
ܳԷ˵ͨҲͲ˵ʦдɡ
ǹǿƵĽ飬Ͻǰ̸ǩֻ֣ܽʱ
ܳһ˵һ߿ٵؽӹǻʿݹеȻ֮󣬶ȥʼٵֹѪǯʱļбֹѪ
֮ܳɾһ߾ͰԼд˼ﲡϡ
ֱˣ1.֫ѹˣ෢ۣ෢֯ȱ𣬶෢Ѫѣ෢񾭶ѡ2.ʧѪݿˡ3.ϴ顣
ҿɽ顣
1.ҿʱֹѪҼΣա2ԲȶʱգơԼICUǷɽ
3.ȫCTɨҡ
4.ϻ
5.˴ʱʱϵҿ
ܳд꣬ԱߵСʿɫһ䡣
ֱܳӰѲԱߣ
˵ʦʲôʱܹ֢ңʲôʱֵȡϵϵңϿʼ
ʱֹѪѾһޣǲȫֹס̫⣬Ǵ˵ġ
ܳǾþˣ
ܾܲ϶Ǹֵ㱨ˣõȨ
Ҫû㱨ʲôӣ
ôһˣ˭ͱǽǰɣ
˭ʲô֣ʦ˭ʦô㵱ҽģܳд֮
ŭʮ˵ôһ䡣
ܳҪתߣ
⻰֮󣬻תƽ͵˵ʦˣҪң
˽֫ҲֹѪ޾ԭҪٵȥ˾Ҫˣ
ԲҪ취ǹǿƵ⣬㲻취
˭취еͱ˵ص
ҪߣھֱӴҽƽûҵǿƵסԺܣϺֱܳӸƵġ
аɣȴ绰ˡܳˣ
ԼֱӲҽƵĵ绰
ܳɿھ͵ҽ𣿼иʦҪٱǿסԺҲ
ԣҺλʦھڼơȻ˵ҲڣҪôأ
ãҵ㣡
ܳɴ绰
ƺ㶡
췼ֱɵˣܳɵƢҲǹյİ
ܳɵʦҲˣڵϽ취ȶɣѾѹǿĲˡ
Ǽ֢ҲҪ취ȥѲȥȥطĵط
ר취רưᵽƵ֢
ֻܳǻҽѡ
衢ġ
︺ƣ˭˭𵽵ףڼƵĲˣǹǿƵģ
ܳԼֻЭȨǵ̨ϣררΣڣܳɸûκεĴȨ
Ĳϲ̨ʲôԵİôಡˣ̨ܹ
ܳﶼòˣ취TMոĲİ취˿ھûˡ
ңֻʱãҪ˵أ
ڼƽ֫ҸȻ˸ץң


İٶʮ ̬
ѧҽƵΣ棬˽һƳ
Ҳɾ͵ҽԺûȥᣬҽƺܿ˰±ѧһ
ΪһЩƨ£ҽԺ¿븱ڶģô˸Ͷ
ܿ͸ϵ˼ƣҲӵӡ
źͿϺܳţ
ܳһļǵӡ
ϿѧĽɫ΢䣺ƳǿƵסԺܾ˼G
취רģ˵֮⣬ˣֹѪд˻Ҫߡ
ܳҲʶѧģֻǲϤûѧĸʹɫɶġ
˵ѾʱãʱֻȨ֮ƣ˵˽취д˻λνڣԸߡ
Ҳ˵ֻڼңȥҡ
ѧıźУʦСҽȱ۶Դ
ȿˣ˺ðɣûҪʲôġ
˼أѧһʣȻͿ˻ߵ˺ӡ
ֹɫеѿؿϣʦ
˵˾ͲƳ𣿡
ʵѧĵ˵ʱ
ɫͱˡ
û˵Ļ
ҵ˼ǣڵȶǺǿƵˣæֹѪİ취Щ˸ص
ȻأҿѾʱ˰ѧļϡ
ϵʱɫеѿ˸Ų
ϽƳûУСҽҵ˼ҵ˼ǡ
˵ܲܰʲôʱţƵأ
ѧôһʣʱϵɫʹ
Żʿվ˾ͰѼƵθΰ칫Һ˳
˵ҽƵĿƳ֢ҡ
ڷһ˽»󣬲Ͼ͵ȥ
ѣҵҲǺܶ࣬һ̨֫
ܳΪ˰֮ǰʱ䶼ʡǶʮӲͶˡ
ѡֱе֯ȻֹѪ
ܳڵֹѪѪȫϣҲҪ̫ʱ䡣
߰ѪܲжϹǣ·Ƥɡ
֮ܳɾͰѲ˴Ƴ˻֫Ĺ֮⣬ظͷ­ûرصˡ
ôһ
֮ǰǸϾ㹻˼ˣ
ܳɣǰѲˣѲػʿͻ˼֢ҡ
ܳɴƵʱ
ֲ֪ʱ֡
ҵܳɾ˵Сܣϰ񻹲̫ô
ģԽҽԺĹǶƣѾ쵽ǩͬĽ׶Σ
ǸǱҪ£תǿҡ
ЩɶҪɡ˸
ܳɫƽʣڣ
Ǹν֪֪ҽĽʲôأ
־еΪˣŸ
ܳɷҪȥһϵĻ»治̫Ū
ܳ;ģмĺܶʵǿɵģʱܳɾ֮ǰ滹ûʮ׼ֻܲǽǽ
ټϣҲƲ磬϶
ǩԼˣôһ¡
ܳɿ˶ֵΪѣЦЦ˵ڣû˼ôһʡ
ֵı飬ܳҲ³ϵı˼
Լвѷֱʲô֫Ļ
ΣѾٺˡ
ᣬκεطǧľš
Ҳ˵ʵţѣǮ˼
նģ
ܳһ
ڵԼѾֵѧˣǹߣҽԺĹԱ
ͬҲãҵҲãϼ¼ų˭ͱһ
ر˵ıͱӣԻûôùӳԡ
Ȼⲻܳɵһ
ֻǣйһΣȻֵڶΣ֤еϵǸӵġ
ɵӣɵֻװԼģҪŭԼѡ
Ҳܲ٣ЩҾǰҲнӴû̫Ľ˵ƢԣǺ˽⡣
һΣ㿴
ܳǹǿƵˣܳٻֶصˣô㣬ҪܿĲŹ֡
Ͼȡ
ʵҽԺƵڣҲ绰˸顭
ԶҪСһλҽԺڲĸ˼ʹϵ϶ܳҪз
ܳˣЦЦ˵ڣǾͽҽƺҽԺɡ
˵Сô룬Ҿͷˡ
ֽתˡ
ܳһ£ӶֵĻ棬Ͷһ˼
ܳǶ˲ţ㼼ܺãܴкܶҽԺ
ҲܳȥԽȨʸɣϾǼܻ
˼ҷ˴ҽԺҽ񴦣мίίԱܣ
ܳҪȥ˵ôô㻹ûʸѿ
һһɧǺαأ
֮ԹһˣҪ̽̽ܳɵĿڷ硣ܳרҵǺ
ϾͰ԰΢в֮һ벻飬һ
ȻֻܳҪ΢ò˾Ϳԡ
ҽ·ܲߣǧҪط˴
ȻͿ˿ʵ
磬˵бԼӹһ٣
ǿ϶黻ģܳû̫ϵ
ʱܳɵ绰
ܳһʱ͵ͷõģϹ
ԭǲ˵ļˡ
֮ǰȻǵõֵȨΪ˾˽֫
ڣҪ˵ļҪǲǩЩġ
ܳŸ׼õȥôһ˵
ƺ˵Լɷ򱻽˫Ⱥ󣬵ʱŵ˹ȥ
ĸĸͶʮˣ
ݺţҽΪʲôҶӵȸˣΪʲôûˣԺɻô
ΪʲôҪȸˣ㲻˻·
ֶָܳɵıˡ
ǽһʹʹ
ҵĶүGûȿҪôĸһ˵ţһ߶Žš
ܳҲǵ飬˿벽ȻóֻѪܵƬ˵ã㱯ʹ顣
һ£ӵʱ֮˫ȵƬ
һҽҵְβȻȷ˵Ⱦβ
ӵֻѾ۷ˣ͵Ѫô˵Ҹòþأ
ҵʱֻˣֻ֤ĲȲֻܸݳҽԺȨ˽֫Ŀǰ˳
Ǳˣû˵Ļƺܿ
Բޡû취£ҪҪβ
ƬʮַŭˣĬ
ǵĶϱˣʮͣͷңȫͣ
Ǹմӵģ·ûü
ץܳɸֻ˿Ȼֿ˿ܳϣᶨ˵ûоҵͬ⣬͸ɷ˽֫ǾΥģҪȥȥ
ɷȶûˣԺô죿Υģ
ҽԺΥϹȣκ˶֪¸ˡ
һǩֵӡ
ԣûоǩ־ΥģɱˡͷϸҲʼߺ
ܳûԤϵҲֻ΢Ц
⼸ˣ΢飬΢ϲһ£ܶôˡ
ɷڼΣ£ҽԺ޷ϵ£Ȩڽȱա
Ϊʱҽƻûڻߵʱ£γɹҽƻ߹˵ʱôȣػߵ֪ͬȨܷɱġ
ֱܳȥڣҵļͶ
£ϸ˺긾ŮҪ󺰴УһҶҾײӡ
Ȼ󱣰ͱˡ
˶Σȫˡ
ȷ涨ҽƻѧУȹΣӰ칫Լ˼飬Υġ
Ĳ˲Σزˣֿܵ˴д̼ϱߵҲڰ˵
Ȼ˱֮ûһֱӷ˻ϾҲûرӵĺԿͷ˶֤ҽԺڴ󺰴֮󣬾ͱ˻
ҲǿǵǵĶڻҪչˡ
˾֣ΪͷӾ˵УУȣܹҽԺװ׸ˡ
ԺûˣҲûˣôӰ
ҪҽԺһǮʱҾʹˣҽԺеĻȥ棬һ治ɣͶ棬Ǹ浽ȥҲҪ档
ҽԺҪһǮǡ
ϸ˵ǼҲ˼ҽԺ˵İǮû
˼Ҿ͸ˣôǲе̫˰
Ժô죿Ϳһ𣿡ͷţҪ˾ͻȥȥҽԺˡϴѧҽԺôãǵǮ
ǵľţһëҪǮġ


İٶʮ 
㣬ҲǸŮܼ˵֣ҪȥԼȥ
ո˼ҾͶˣҽԺβ˵ĵط
Ǻֵĵط
зҪǮҪȥײ⣡
ҽԺüǮծԺҲ̧ͷ𣿡㻹ǸȽ׵ˡ
˵ú⳥⣬˾ɷ򲢲ηôȥ̸зɹ涨ġ
ҽԺǾԼϹһֻԼһʱܲĽ
ծʣµǲֱ϶ҲˣҪТҿɲš˵úܾ顣
ͷʱȫ
㲻ˣҪ𣿡
Ҫͼ飿Ե𣿡
ûûҹܳ׬ǮΪͼˣҪ˰㻹еô
ģԣЦҿһȦԼĺûڣҲҷ˵
ÿǮأһڹˣϵļ·Ǯģӵѧѣѣһ˫Ǯģ
ø࣬ӣڷû֮꣬ǰһֱڻķ
ǮأǮȥҲ˵㲻Ҫҵɵӣ
ҵ룬ҽɵ˰ΪңΪҵˣѵһһʣǲõģ
һɫ䣺¶Բ
ҾԲʲô
ģҺαؽģһ£һӣ֮ǰܶίɢ˳
ֻܹãĸĹƫĵ
Ҳ࣬޽һӡںˣ𣿡
ҵҲϹ۾û˵ȰҪǼ꣬һ˶һ׵ġ
ҲˡǰզզΡ
ֻȥҸһ£ҹܲˡֱ֣һ⳵ˣ˿˺˵
ʣ
ϸ޴룺ûˣҲҪ飬ӣծô찡
϶ܻҵθүG
϶ʲô϶˾һǮҽԺҲҪһǮȻûˣߣȥҽԺ
ܳɻŸջزãҽƵ˾ʹ绰Ҫȥҽһˣ
˵в˼ٱȥͲ˼˵һ
ܳɺΰֱӹҶϣ
Ӵֵĵ绰Ȩڣҽʲô

ֲһ˵ҲֻܰѸóĺɫǩֱַŻص˰״
ֱҽڵĽѧ¥ȥ
ҽڽѧ¥ľ¥ҽ칫ҺͶ߽Ӵҵȡ
ίἰҽ罨칫ҵҲͬ˾¥
˿̣¥ſڵģ˵ҪٱҪ״
ҽӵȸˡ
ҽƵ˴˿ԳȰȻǲãߵļҪҽҪԺҪҽԺ︺˼ҪǮ
ұǮ
൱ȷ
ʤȰ˵ţһ߾Ϳܳ˵ݣæǣϊ֚侲һºòãҪҵҽˣ
ʲôǵ˵вУ
һܳ߹
ǾˣָܳɵıӴҿ
ҽҶӵȸ˰
ҶܳģﻹСģԺôϱҲҪΪ飬ҽ⻹ҽԺ𣿡
Ҫ·ϱư
ҽԺֱǳ˲¹ͷĵط
Ҽס
˶ָܳţĿԹ·Ҫ˶ԶܳƵġ
ҽƵͶ߽ӴĵĲˣʱҽͻ߻߼죡ȻͶߵˡ
еÿܻû£ÿҽƴͶߵģϾʱͶЧͶܣҳԿˣҲҪ㡣
˻治١
ǵĻתͷܳɵòָָš
ĲＱﲡ˵Իһ
ɲ
ϴѧҽԺʲôõط𣿡
ȥʱ򣬲һǮǾͲҪҽǮؼǸҽУǿ
ﻹиءԼ¶˳кɫĸ񣬿е㲻̫
ɲ
ϸ￴ʮСʱĳҺţȻ˵ûкˣҵš
Ҽƽŵž͵Űɣò׹˺ţʱָ˵Ľȡȥˣ
ȥڵҽʦš
Ҿ˹ˣҹҵĽںţȥҽʦⲻЦôһҽԺҪһȥȣû𣿡
϶ʮڣ͵ΪЩˣҽԺһǮܹ㹻ˣ˵ǣ˵ǳȥءһ꺺ӣΪݾȴԹ
˵ҵûУǸҽǺף
Ҷ⻹ϳˣǣʲôţ񰡣
ҲһҾҩͰ˳ȥ˵вͬӲУǶֵô
Ҫȥ˵զģҽԺôţأ

Щ֧Ԯ
Ƿ·ҵʧɢֵܣеˡ
Աߵϸǲͣޣ·ҵϡһ㡣
߽ܳʤҲüˣ
ôſ϶а
Ҫȥ칫̸
үӲɣǿţҪҵ̸ҿɲ֪ᷢЩʲô¶˵þͳȥˣҲȥ
Ҫ̸
ʤ͵үӣϊ֚ǿɲҸոʹֵ࣡
ҽڸ֮ǰѾĲ˻㱨
Ǽƣڣ˵ķպܴ󡣡
Լˣ˵ȥȣǩ֣ǾʤҲ˲˵ˡ
ֱӰͼƬõôǰ
ϡԼѪģɹĳ棬üû˵Ż
һЩҲɫ΢ؿϷ򸾡
ֵҽԺҽƺԺĻڼûǩ֮ǰҽԺ壬ڷķΧڣΪʱȨܷɱġ
ǽգϾһţ
ƬҲˣͱϿ֫ˣ㻹˵ǽ֫ˡⲻǣ
үԱߵ˶˵Ӧллҽ
Сֹ
ү˵̸ʲôɲɵģ
巢ԸĸҶҺģûͬ⣬ûҶԼͬ⣬ǰ
ҽҽԺΡ
ʲô취һֱӰȸˣ
пǹҪôпǵк𣿻ҪҺ𣿡
пǹǵĸҲиĸ𣿡
аٷ֮һǧ֮һϣҲҪȣ֫ҽԺ֫ǾǷ˴ǵǮүӾͼ˵ǡ
ƺǽֲ¡
ʵ֮ǰϴѧҽԺҵˡָ㡯һٿǮġָԽ򡯣
ٰٱҽԺ³Ǯɲܰ׻ˡ
ܳ߰ⶼˣʦ
һлҪȻؼƣĻʱԽҡ鷳ˣ
ܳһ˵Ҫߣ
ͷһסܳɣ㲻ߣǶû̸õģȥ
㶼û˵ҪǮأ
ʤæȰүӣ㣬ʹˡ
ҽҲûðҲûðҽβһЩĽˣȥء
⣬̸ðɣ
İҲϵţ˵ǣǲһģͬ֫ǵġ
Ҿ͸Ӳܰ˰Ҫȥˣҽ䵱һҽ
ҲȥˣţҽԺ׻ܲˣҪҪ˻ˣ
ҶŶƨһˡŮ֮ƭ˹
ǲô۸˰ܳɣܳ뿪
ôʱҽƵѧģ֪ʲôʱܵҽȻҲڶȺм䡣
˵棬Ͷܳ˵ΣҽǸҸոսӵԺĵ绰˵ҽʱְͣ죬ʱٵסԺһְλȻȥ֪ͨ
ȵǿ֮⣡
ܳɫһͣãΣ£һ㱨˰û󰡣ǲΪƽŭʹҰ
ѧִϣ˵ҽ˵ˣȻȥϢɣҽԺ϶ܹһõĽ
⻰ϸͣ쵼Ӣİҽ޵£ҽ͸ñְͣ졣
ŶȥΣǮȻߺȣǿ쵼˵ҽˣסԺٸҽ;ٱûҽ£
ɫ΢䣬ѧܳɣܳҽƣܳɰ˵ݣֱܳߡ
ܳ뿪ݵʱ򣬿ƽ¥һݣһˣžƷȻ˵أֱӽڸˣ
ƾĭƤ˰æҲûԮ֮֡
һĻֱ˶û㶮ʲôѧġ
һȻָƽʤѧģΣͣҽְԺµģⲻܰ
ЦҽԺҪͰܳɸְͣˣҽԺҪ˰
ܳûҼȫǿڲֱһЩϽˣҪǴãǻӵģʱϴѧҽԺᶪ⣡
ѧ˵Ժﵽģȴܳ˵ġֱϵԺҲֻܷ°
ʤտڲᣡ
ĵҲ¿ƸոһˣȻѪһΣƼƵλڣҲˡ
ԭ򣬾ȻľߣôȻ벻ͨҲֻܵ벻ͨˣ


İٶʮ ±Ҫȱˣ
߮磬ҰҵסԺֻ㽻һ¡뿪ҽ֮ܳȻûԼıְ
ļΪˬҲû취
ҽƣܹҽʱְְͣܲţְͣ㣬ҲðѹӺá
ɶ£Ҫڿ͵š߮˵ҲΪƣ
ұҽƽʱְͣ˼죬ڰֵ񽻸㡣ܳ˵
ʲô߮Ǳߵʼ֧ƺǴ㿴Ц
Ȼܳɽ֮߮˵ôôأù˵ľ㰡
ͶߣҪҽƵΣҲĹ̬⡣
߮翪Ц
ܳɿЦͷȷ飬ҽҲһͷãҲܹҽʱͣҵְ
벻ףΪʲôƫƫⲡˣͶˡ
߮ȴȰ˵ܳɸ磬ԹԣҽԺڱ㡣ְͣǶкôġ
һѵǸտ˵İҲסģ߮绹ǱȽѵȰ˵š
ȣҽƷĶ϶ҽߣҽƣҽԺһ뻼Ͷ߹ͨż
Ϊ˱⴦ȺĻ߳Կҽߴ඼ҽƱȳȺ塣
رؼʱ̣ˣϴѧҽԺƵĳ̫ˡ
ԣҽԺòػ
ʵڵһΣܳɱͶߵʱܳɲܳɵĻҲͱְͣȻʱϢȥˡ
ؼʱ̣˭ٳ£ǾǱɱӺĶ
ǣǸܳһģûְֱͣ
һΣͲǿеرˣٱĻѲ͵ùֱӶˡ
ʱܳɻܱܲסǾ͵ÿܳԼӲӲˣҽԺ϶ϣ鷢
֪ʱѹ㡣ܳȻܹǵĹؼġ
ܿ죬ܳɾͿ߮磬ԷҲǱããļĥÿͲ̫
סԺֻʱܳɻΣ߮磬ڸȥдС˵ˣȷѡ񡣡
ܳͻȻЩ۵˵
û취⼸죬˶ټﲡˣ
ܶ࣬лʹˣȥˣǸλˣǸСŮ
죬ܳõˡ
ǣܳҪٵĲ˲ֻЩֻһע⣬ǸСļҳͶ
ټ֮ܳǰеŬϿɣͿܱ֮һ棡
ȥ߮ܳɷ˷ۡ
ˣȥúϢɣ֪ͨˣ
ȻǸʦ绰ͨһ°ɣôڶǹǿƵΣͿҵϣʦһӣԲ߮ͬǰһ˵š
ҶԶڻǺ𾴵ĺòãܳ˵ú档
ڣܳɶûκġ
²ҽԺ
ܳҲûк߮£ֱӾ߳˿ңȻ·ϵʱ򣬿һʱ䡣
ҿ֪ʲôʱ򣬾ȻѾ磬賿ˡ
תһϹȥ
㶡ֿ϶ûϢģڡ
СܣѾ֪ˣȺúϢһ°ɣ¶㲻ʲôӰ졣ֻˣؼĽڵ㡣
ڶıҽԺҪְͣȻ֮
²ˡֿھֱܳɽ͡
ڣ⣬ллԺܳɸпڵл
Ҳֻڸ˵ʱ򣬾ΪҽԺʵ
ǣ侲֮˼ĻܳȴãٺͶڰȻĻҪԼĻܲˣԼȥ
ǲ֪Լᴳȥ
ɲµǸˣҾͲ˵ʲôˡ˵
ܳüͷܿͻָƽ
Ȼܳɱ޹˼ɵؾ뿪ҽԺ
סԺûͣȻȥħǼ죬ɿˡ
ɳУסԺĹ֮󣬻ûеͣ
ٿʱ䣬ĶǶʮˡ
Ȼܳɵļ棬ھûжԶʵ¶Ѿˣ¶ʮţ
ȥôġܳһ䡣
֮ǰ˵סԺʱͬɣûµʶġ
Ҳֻ棬λ֮󣬲Żãļﵽж¡
ңܳɻعĲ֮󣬷⻹ûд¼ҽԺתԺĲ˵¡
ǻתԺ˵ĻܳɾԼԿԱ
һᡣ
ء
ֱܳӴȥɳаҽԺȻ⵽̳̲衣
ܳҪԼϲԵķ̹ģ̲裬¼ˣһȻһ汾Ĩᣡ
ĬĬؼһʱ䣬ŰĨȣ
֮⣬ܳɻһݰϲԵ±ѼצצٸԼһ±ۣӣȥɳаҽԺſڡ
æ𣿲æĻӸͰܳûǰ֪
ڵʱһ࣬ҪôûгԷģҪôǸճԹã
ܳɷȥͼƬ

棬˼ϡһץı顣
ܳҲ͸Ͻ˵ãȫˣȻһ¥㡣
Щԣû㼸ڡܳΪ˵š
ңϣϢͰһץȻѲռһӣˡ
ʦ㣬ȥ㲻Է𣿡
ҼλͶιˣҪȥԺóԵġ󷽵ضʦð˰֣Ҳرܵô˵
ʦһЩ
ϸ˼һ£ʦƽﲻôߵһ˰ôһΣ
Ȼ϶̫ͬһУܳɷϢٷ֮ʮĲ׼ظʣһڣֻһΣʲô
νĸߵڣҲûбҪô͵
ܳ1¥ܿͿ˰һ߿ϣһЦԼڷȻһؾֱȥ¥档
صƱ֮󣬰˵ٺ٣ãҲͰѷˡ
ۣѼצצ±ۡѿ°һͷ
أ±۷ʼʱʡ
ѾԹˡܳɾ˵
ʵ±ܳɸԼģֻ˼Ӳ͵Ѽצӣ˭֪˿ͬ˵ǹҪԶʳ
ŶٿеѼצӰɡҪһ¶ӡʮܵһ±ۣȻ󲻶ϵͷ
ӹȥͰ±۸ɵˣȻٰĭҲһꡣ
жûȥԹ˰ܳʡ
һȥԣϼʣң˵
ϴγȥԷħһء
ôпչأʣȻһ߰һԵĲͺÿڴãѿ۶ˣһߣʼףʡ
ұʱְͣˣ˼Ѳļ֮ڱٱΡܳɿЦ
ԣĶһͣȻ˵㻹Ǳٱβְͣߵеƿξ͵ؼϢˡ
ҲãʵҲ뱻ְͣȥϢ
ôô㲻ǿôܳɸϽһѼצӡ
䣬ˮ̺󣬶ˡ
û⣬һ߿УһֹдˣȥġȻϴѧҽԺĽڣҲƵΡ
һƸѹܴǱвʿҪԺұóʵСȻĻؼʱ̣ܻҰֶӰ졣
ȻŬ
Ϊ˻һ£뱨һʿȥħԺϴѧҽԺֱܹӹˣܹʿҲð˵꣬ѹͷ½˴׵
ܡ
ҲãҲżܳɵͷʾͬ⡣
дûôʡ
ڶ·ˣ·ݾҪʼͶ꣡
ҶûջȥģпдŶܳɵִһͷ
飬ϣҲǹȻѧͶ飬ھƣ·ݱͶ
ܳΪԼпյģڿﶼŲմأдƨŶ
סԺ׶ܹеģǱ䡢̬
Ҿ֪ӵģϢʱ䶼ûСǺҪ㻹һʱ䡣
ҵģϰҲô룬Ͼһ˲ʱϰǳ˵ģϣܹ΢ճôһʱ䡣
ҹƣһְܹͣϰľȻҲڱաô֪֮ͣܳˣܳﻹ뷨
ҲСúóһµ硣ܳЦЦ
˵ʵٴĹæĹ˲ġҪ˵Ҫ𣬶ܳԼԿ϶Ҫ
ЩﲡˣǺܸӵģȥϣòﲻԻʲô֢ܳ־ԼĹⲻȥ
ȻиȻĻѹֱһȻûдλڰѲһƣʵҲѣ
ɹؼǣӵ˵İ
ǵõסԺ׶ι˲С
㲻ͺãȻһؼҰɣϰл˵
ϰְͣ϶⡣ȻĻǲ׵شǵĹɳߵġ۵³˼Сͷ
㡣
ҳԱˣʣµ԰ɣҵûȥˣǺһȥҵأȻؼңûΪʳԼıֹ
ȥһ²ʦȻңĦܳЦЦ˽͡
𣡡˲塣
ҽš˿ʱ䣬߶߶ƿˡ
ʱ䲻ˣȻ
ܳɿŰıӰ룬ҲǰǽǶԵģ»Ƿޣ治ʺͬһҹȻӰ쵽


İٶʮ 
ܳٵɳаҽԺǿƵʱ򣬲̶֪æòɿǽŲմء
ֻܳڲ̶İ칫һ̶ĵ绰ûͣЪ
û취ڣʱҪǿһ͹ǿƶĲεĵһ
ҪΪ˴ôЩ顣
֮ǰΣѾˡĿǰٵιǿһԼǿƴελãԭҪλõ꣬ԼǿƶĲϺ
һǰΪɶͱߣȻ飬ֱ˳ټһЩ߰飬λĿǰѾ뿪ɳаҽԺ֪ȥ﷢չˡ
ڵ¼ɳҽϵͳһ籩û취ֻҪȱݵģø£
̶Ǳ֮ǰڰҽԺµһЩ۵ġ
ںӱвʪЬʵ̶Լûв٣ֻΪǸλá
Ȼ̶֮ûбֱߣȥΪ㣬ǣ̫󡭡
ʦϢһ°ɣ̶ٴ߽С۾˺ѵʱܳô顣
ϢƨŶһѣ˺üΣͽҲˣв˵Ļû취תˡ
ѹҲҽԺѹҲ󡣡
ƫƫȫжˡ̶һ²ۣһߡ
Ȼſڵʱ򣬲̶Żͷܳһۣ㱻ʱְͣǺ£ô϶㵲˱˵·ڸ㡣
Ĳ˺ͼǴڣ϶רŰĲ
Թ̶˵꣬ˡ
ܳڰ칫˼ʵŲµõֻǲȷϣҲöӦ
˺þã̶ûٽ
ȻϢȵˣܳɾ͸̶˸Ϣ˵ԼҪˣȻٰѰ칫ʰһ£밲һ𣬻˼ҡ
Ȼؼ֮ǰ˲˵ġ
ܳѾܾûиܲг̻ϢˣȻڼҲ˵Уܳһ̾á
ֵʱ򣬼ֱ̫ˡ
ýӵ绰õĲõĲ˵ļʱܾٱõĲ˼ֶΡ
˼䣬ֵã
Ӧù˰ɣܳɺͰѾˣҲ٣лѼУţܣţˡ
࣬Ҳһʱ䣬д飬Ҫڼ伸η㡣һЦ
Դӹ֮ϰ࣬Ѿӽһ£ʱ䶼û
;ܳɻĪʧ˺ü죬Ϣûء
ҵڣܳǰǸֻûص⵽ȥ˵
˺ܿ͵˰ļ
ڼңƺǰ֪ܳɺͰǾͶ˲ˣſġ
Ҳȥ˰֪͸Ǵ绰
ã䣬Ѳ»غΧȹӳ˳
裡
衣ܳɺͰô˵
Ȼû飬ǻɴնˣ߸̣ܳҲ͸˿ڡ
æɡܳɾԼ΢ڿ㣬Ͼ޸¼ޡ
òãϴˮֺܿͻˣС߽æˡغסܳɣȻŰʹɫ
Ҳû飬ȻᣬҲѧš
ر˲̫࣬Ļתˡ
ܳҲûƽϡ
һʱ򣬰Ͼ͵˼ңǰ°ˡ
֮ȴ˴֣ܳɸϽһ衣
ϰŹϵͬʱʼЬ֪˵СûؼԷ˰
һˡܳЦ˵
ϴѧҽԺæЦЦȻܳڲ輸ʱһڲ裬΢ζһ¡
ѹ˵Сܣ˵£
ְͣ飬ġΪǣǸĸĸе⡣漰ͯ
ǹؼʱ̣㻹ǲҪΪá֮ǰӴǸСҳĻ⡣
ܳǲ֪ԼҽԺһһϤ
֣˵Ǹģܳɾ;
ģеģͲ£ҪȱǮģͺǹⱼǮġ
ǵģӦ˸֮һ
ˣ½ȥɡ΢ͣһ£Ͼ֮ǰεְ񣬱⣬ԼĻ
µʱۺ죬侮ʯ㡣
һΣĿսȷӰ쵽˺üˣû취ϴ㣬ֻһЩаˣ΢΢ҡͷ
ܳɱֳĬ
ǧľţϣ͵ߣ˹ƽܳɼʧˣҲ
߮磬˿ǵ߮ѪϵĳѡҪܳɣܳɾһƢûС
߮Ǻ㰡ɶᣬ߹ϵ򲻹СģСˣ
лл֡
ʵε飬ڴǸСַλʱҲе⡣ܳ˵
ʱ̫æˣͬʱҽԺ
СеȴŰˣȥǸŹؽλģ˭뵽ǰֱӾء
ɶҲ
öܳɵ˼Ҫֿ⣬ҪԣżʱҪҲᵽǰ
ӱϾ޹ġ
ʱ򣬳Աҽʱ򣬳Աߣеʱ򣬳ǻ˺ߵġ
ĳ򣬶ڻ߶ԣܹвһȺ塣
ڵλÿԿõʡÿ˵ƽȴʱݣЩˣĿ
Ѳ⣡
ܳЦЦΪôһС£ľֻҪʶȱԼ£һ顣
Ͻ˵˽뵽ʡźѡԱģҰˡ֪㲻ϲҲϲ
⻰ܳ˲ϲлл֣
ţˡ
ţţƣʵ̫ҽ⣬ʵΪ
߮ǲϲ飬ԲģԼܹаȻǺó
ϽЦЦ̫æˣְ̫ͣû취ȫĲܡ
ʵڱȽѵٴԼһЩǰ˵ĿУأ̫С
Ȼ˾ٴҲôǵģ㻹λϣһʱС
֣ȲżɡҲԼҪ΢һʱ䣬ʵ۵ҲǺ£ǿʱ̫ˡ
ҲкôڵĴĹ淶Ժ˶ˣˡܳеס
ڣ߮ڣǣǿ̨ܼ֮ۡ
ܳɺ߮ԺҲûм۵ӣ͵ԼѽӰ
УһһסԺֻȻÿգиʱϾ
˵ţܳɵĵ绰ͬħƵģ
üͷһ塣
ȻڳİغҲüͷһ尡
ܳɵĵ绰ħɣÿεȻ
ܳͷһµ绰İģħ
ӰɣҲôܳɵĹźͼƻֻⶼסԺе绰֤ڵʡƽҽˮƽܳɣе̫Զ
ܳǾͽˡ
һɫһ䡣
Ȼ˵֣ħģ˵ȥħһˣһ»Ҳ
ħҽԺڻҪȥʡ
ܳڳɣջǾ½Ǭݵ飬Ͻһ顣
½Ǭݰõģʶģ֮ǰƺͨ绰
ǵȥһˡһˣһ𰡣˵˼ٵġʡ
ܳĿ΢΢һòƻûٵɣѵ֮ǰʹ绰ġ
һ𣬷Ҳż죬Ӧòᰲʲô¡
֣һ°ǰҽԺĲʦӦòܵȽϴӰɣܳɻĲ̶ġ
ʲôӰ죿ֻҪʱܷͷһʱ䣬߸ӵġƺҲʶ̶ҲΪܳɵԵʣԶԲ̶Ķ˽⡣
ʲôʱȥħʡ
ɣȻȡĩͰһһ¡ܳô˼
ܶԻȥħü졣
аɣҲûིʲô

ԣʼǱ顣ԼҪĶǾܳɵϾͷħ
Ȼ쿴ҪҪȥȥĻȥʿ棬˳ٹһ̳
Ͳ˰ɣﻹпտŶܹȥҲû졣ܳɿŰҪ飬Ȱ˵
ǾͲˣĵû𣿡ʡ
żϹԾûؼȥãþû˶ܳüͷ壬ҪǷȥһ˵Ļ˷ʱ䡣
Ǿȥħһɣ̨Զ˺ܾˡˣѧźûУ͸߮ϸôһ
˵ˣ߮粻̫⡣ܳɵͷ
ңȥʫ˵ڵŮѧҽ಻װĪضܳɵѧͦͬĵġ
֮˾ͿųֱɳлͣȻֱħȥ
˵ķɻʮأʮһ㵽˾Ƶ֮
飺ȥԻþöûгԵеĻˣȥ㻹ʦ֣
ʦֶǻ֣ܳɡ
ҪȥʦְɣʦܳһͬĪĺøС
Ǿͳˣ
Ի֮ʼεĵһҹ֮ãꡣ


İٶʮ в
ñֳԶˡܳɺͰһʦ߳ʱ򣬰ʮиеԼСӡ
õ֣Ǳܳɵץ
ܳбۿһ°˵΢һ㣬ڸÿ
ģʵãǷ첲ȶϸܳʵã΢һŮӣһЩ
̫ˣӰۡ
΢΢üӣ̫˲ãرǹ֮󣬱Ҫ⣬Ҫˣ컹Ҳ¶ˡ
ҾеĻȴóԣϧɳУûбȽڵȽؿζϲĸо
֮ǰܳɿ϶ǳԲʲôģǱСԻһ֮ܳҲܹᵽвࡣ
ĿǰҲһ׼ԻҾÿǵĿζйذɣʡƽʱԵľǸԺʹеԼҳĸо
еһҲԲˡóԾͶˣ̳ˣһȥнֹһ䰡ǻûнأ
ǰܳɺͰ϶ǹ̳ģҪʱ䲻ȥԣʱ򣬰ѧϰҲܻԻ·׼Ŀȥġ
ҪȹӣͿһ
ȻѴʱ䶼ѧϰܳǲںЩǰһ˵ʱֱԴHM¿ȥˡ
밲һˮƽõĿǰ󲿷ֵЬӶͿ˺Ҷݣ·Ļ̳űȽ϶ģƷܳԼҲû˽
ǻϾ۶ǰ˰ϣǰĸйܶࡣ
ððҲþûˡȥɣҲһ򡣡ȻҲǸŮӣʵûֵܹܶĸо
Ĺ֣ӦǲĿģȻ߿ÿ·һԣȻδһ͹þ֡
ʱЩڴֻѧϰѹ̫ҲȲôʱ䡣

ħĲн֣ɳв࣬ҲǸҹǡ
ܳ밲߽ȥ˺üңȻܳɵͶ˼ӣĺ߾Ǹ·ӡ
ܳɻֲ֣ƷƵ·ȻûʸУǹ۸кܺáֻ·ĲʣԼƸУûô㡣
ȴҲȽޣͺñȸոհŵһȹӣǻɫǸСһܳɾúãͰˡ
ҾòǺܺÿſڣܳŵĴӣü
ôɫʵ̫ҡˣһǳȹҪȥȻΪȽҫ۵Ǹ㡣
㲻ǻʵ˿ôʱǳԻʹʱ򲻴ѽܳɾá
ȻҾֻ·򣬲ȻҾңҴһЩֵֹġô
ܳһЩνһЩءãǽܲ˵ġ
ԣ߰ɣǱߵ˱Ƚ϶࣬ǹȥܳɳǰһָ
ǰܳɿ϶ܷ˶ֳϡ
ܳɾãûе绰ûзգûмûвˣõĽĲûΣգ᲻ᱻͶߣԲԡ
ûвмûгûеһһУһǳݵ顣
ȺУУӡ
ӣȻǰ˵ô˾ķ˵̻̫ˡ
ǵģ̻ҽԺʲô̻
ȫʹΣֿеЦݣҲǲֽٺҡ
棬ҪٺҲҪҡ
䣡
һ룬ܳɾԼĽ΢еɬɰȴִ˲ƣͣ¼дȥ
ȻᴩһЩ·¼߳ԼҲЦžúÿǱԭ
ңھ֮ÿҵʱҲû鷳Աһһ׵ȡȻǻҳһЩɲϲ
ǣˣڰһѩ׳ʱܳɵ۾ʱһȻϵؾ
ԱǮܳʡ
ڸܳʹɫԼɫЦͣҾòǺܺÿ
ÿѽ㿴㴩ŶʡĺܺʣҲʣҶĸշȦءǷԱǲŵֿ
û£ȥһ¶ǮɡܳҲеĺе
ְɫѩ£ǰɫϵĳȹȹ¶ټһñ϶й۸С
װ߻¼䡣
ܳȥˡ
߳˵ţȥǰ棬߰ͷʵһֻȴڱܳɴơ
ܳɿ꣬ǷЦ⡣
˿Զ޺˸ɳеıħҪˣȻɳеҲ٣ǣǱȲ
밲վֹϵĳӻУ
һ¥඼Ƿװ꣬Ǽ̳һһģĿϾӡ
̳֮ŵĸϿԿֳԶĵطҲͦģ̳ſҲ˽˳糱ˮһﲻ
һеһУܳɿΪ棬ȴ־ʶѾһ£գҽԺš
ѹҽڿĿ󹤣
ֻǣǰߣܳڴıӰʱ
Ȼͻģ
صһ
ű㿴ԶһҹŻӵ¥һ˸֮󣬺̹ؾͿʼð
ĲĽŵ˶￩һº󣬶ǻ긽˱㿪ʼҵ
ʮԶ֮󣬲ʮֺµػͷȥ
ܳɫͱ䣬ϽѾȥֱӰѰ§˻Ȼת
ܳɶܹоõԼ˻ֻ󣬶ûʲôײ
֮ƽϢ
ܳŵɫҰ׵İȻͬʱͷ
̹شӴƮ˸е˲ϵش̳Ӵܶ
ȻһʹĲҽӶ¥Ĵڴÿ˵ﶼһ
˿ʼӶ¥ģߣƺƵġ
Źʮ֮ܳɲ͵شӷ֮иת˹Ȼ̵ţǷúըˣȹȥ
ǲнֿĵλã;ȻͨͨϽҲҪһʱ䡣
ִ͵ıը¼ھȻϣܳɺͰ϶ǰﲻæ
ֻﵹæģǱϾΪһҽԼǿʲôġ
⻰ɫ΢΢һ䣬־һܳɣǻ꣬дúޣ׷αը
Ȱɣ
ʦ϶ҲǶԼ⣬Ҳܰæ
ıը¼µĿɲǵһıըĲɿأ֪ΣգҲ൱յġ
˿̲֪ΪʲôľˣȻܳɶöˡ
ɫҰײҰ׵ģȴĿ㡣
ãǿըԶһ㣬Ȼ󿴿ܾܲˣ
ңܳ˵
Ȼܳɾһӱʮоط򴩹űըĴȥ
ϾģĹУܳɶĴǼΪоġ
﷢˱ը̳֮ĹԱ̾齨һߣȻſڻв˲ͣؿʼɢο͡
˿ܳˣǻ˵˵οͣ죬ϹŲʵϵĻ֮̿ɫδҲû͸Ͻס˿ԽԶĵطȥˡ
ը֮һңܳɾľԱڽӽ
ʱ򣬴̳棬ƷѾԳ˼Ƚ֢ԱЩԱ֪ݵһˣϻǶŽѪֹ
Ϊ׳˶ıοͷ֮󣬸ĹԱɫ࣬촽ۣ˿Ե÷ǳѵ飬ƺһ̾Ҫӡ
һĻԱеĸϾеˣڸοָɢȣٵغֳλҽ߻ʿ𣿡
ܹܲһλ
ľ룬ʱȽϰȫģǹȥܳɺожš
ϾģҪжڵıըΧֻС׼ס
ͬʱǰ״ŵ˵ãҽܲܣ
ǱȽϺµģϾԼóٴȰΪԷܾ
ɰû꣬ǸϾÿһͨȻ˵λˣ˺صˣֻҪһ費ҪĴ
ҺԱᾡǣһᾡرǵİȫллˡ
ڲǽʱ䣬Ҳ˵ʱ䣬λŮʿǳٵذصҪ˳
԰ĺλûͱ˺֮ǡ
ܳɲϹ۲ƣһǰ߽
߽һͶӴ˿̵ıؿڵ˺ۣ
ӵĺ˿̷ǳȶƺȱǰס
㲻רҵǣҲóذ
Ҫǲϴ϶˵ġ
ֻǣκרҵ豸ûУһĶҲô
̳бõļȰ𣿸ϽóأҪϽд̼ѹӾͻΣաܳɶŸ˺
ΣֻһֱصĽͨ׵
ǸһʮĸŮԣ⻰ɫҲ΢һ¡еΪѵȰ˨棬֮ǰһֱɢοͣûüó
Ϻȥȡ
⻰Ÿս꣡
ܳɱԥһȻץһȽĲӾͶ˴˿˫Ѿ췺׵Ĳԣ
ȲˣȲˡ
ȥȡǻ粻
ϽȥϽһӺһƿȪˮʲôӶԣܣ
㻹Ÿȥü䰡òõõܳɿǸ˷㶣Ҳ
ָܿƽϾԼģЩͬ飬ֻͨˡ
ܳ⻰һͰѿڴﴧŵİƿȪˮ˹ʣԲ
ܳûؾͰƿӽ˹ȻõڵһӾͿٵƿϴҲܶĴС
̱ĲƬͿʼԱ̵Ŀӡ
Ա¥ѾһӹȥˣټȵĻҪˡ
ĲƬп߹ԵѾо˿ʹ
ܳɾȻôɴؾͿʼˣ
˵ĺݣҲǰ˶һоͰ֮ǰܳɴİ
Ȼ֮ܳǰڼֳ֪ۿһˣҽߣв̣
Ұ˿Ӷˣ
Ȼ֪æҪڸʱȴֹ˼࣬ϾܳŵĲƬûģ淢Ⱦô죿
ʱش룬עЩõġ
׿ͰΪܳɵĹ϶µʱ򣬲֪ĸΧ۵ӽһܣŰװ͵ܳɵǰ
ֻǾֻܣҲûκǽ
ֻܳǿһۣһץס˰װȻ˺֮
ֱܵһͷ׶˻ߵؿ棬ٰһͷȪˮƿˮ֮¡
ϴѹס˴̿ڣȻ㿴˿Ȫˮƿð˲ٵݡ
ܳɽֻǿ˰һۣ֪һеԭϸȪˮƿڵһһµܣûˮƽγɵʽͨ
ˮڵݹ๾ð˼֮󣬸ոǳѶٵˣʱ΢ƽźĻָ촽ϵɫҲӲ԰׷ú
ʱҪĶˣ֮᲻ᷢѪЩͲܹܳ㶨ˡ
ڵĹޣ
֮󣬼Ȱ٣
ܳɸϽܷܽع̶ƤƿǿڣȻ̶һӣ˳ˡȥ
ܳô˵һӹܳɵĵˮƿӣˮƿܣһҶ
ܳǳһ˿ֱ۴Ѫˡ
һǶˣǶѪҺڿٵʧƮһ·
״ܳɸϽ˳һ֪ʲôķƬ״Ӳűͳȥ
ҲҪȥɿֲͣѪֲ̿԰ףŵϴ󣬵ûĺִ汻˱˳ŵò֪ɪɪԥҪĸȥ


İʮ ˮģ
ѪһŮӣ
ദѪģѪë£Ҳ޷еѪҺסµ
һʮСӣ
ԼĽ״Ҳ˲ʣƣĺգоѾ˰ȫ֮أˣ·һһ۾̰شں
ƣۣҲʹ˯
ˣԼܹȫӻѾǳˣһˣŮӵزǺء
ǣʱʵκζܳΪѵ׸
ܳܽһ۾ȿŮϾ濴ŮӾ˸ء
жһ£
㶯ˣ
ܳɲûóȻؾֱԼոռķ뽺ͿʼֹѪ
սȣͨĿ⡣
˫סŮӵƴ롣
ܳɲռŮӵıˣͨжϣ
Ůӳ㶯֮⣬ûѪзǱ¶ԵˣеĻҪȥһӣҲѹ
ʱֹѪתߣǵһԭ
˿ֻҪȡʱ䣬ҪĿġ
ʲôֳǶǳʱġ
ȽϿԵľǣŮӳ߲ĶԣӦǲڶѡ
ڸ崴ǻܵģ
̰ܳķ󷽿ϱ۵ĵطһѹɴͺ¡¡ظŮ˼Ȧ
ݺݵشһ֮󣬶Ѫĵطֹͣˡ
ǣУŮȴһֱû˵Ҳûел
ĺڣҶ
棬ǸûԵ˰
ܳɺİظҲ㣡
תͷܳһۡ
ܳǶŮָָ
ŮӵظԱȽ˽ܵĲλûŮҽԱ£û취ܳɿ϶ԥذŮƿ
ɴ˿̣ԱߣԼ׼ţ£ܳǲΪնա
ҪڰԱߣȴһСӣҲѪʹòУһߺŰְ裬һߴ޴
ǹԱæҲûá
˭嶼ûãǴţûд֣˶е㷳
ǣҲܹӣͣһ꼶ѧûϣ
ͣľţߵĸĸȴûӦǲǲǿֲ
СĸĸƺǵĿ޶ԡ
ʱʮֳأǿֳܳŵŵŮָָҵϵŮڵһ̲Ѫ֮⣡
ҲѪҺ͸ë֮⣬㱡ķ¡
˿̵Ȼ䣬Ҫ
ûκԥֿ˹
ӿ޲ܻᵣΣգǴ˿ǿ޵ô
ܺϵˣϵˡеϵ˲
ʱﴴˣֻˡ
ǺҪҲҪǰȻϡ
ˣʲôʡ
ֻܳǽ֣
ܳɸϽ߽ԱߵˣҲûС
ӣԴ¥һɺ󣬾ûˡ
ʹҲ۾Ȼڣ
̳ڣԿױԼǱԼС
ܳɺֵܣֵܣһѣﲻ
ˡûӦ
ִܳ˴ûӦ
ܳɵ֣ѾľоĲ
ûлӦˣݿˡ
΢ڡ
ȴû۾ʱؿڵҲǱ֮ǰҪ΢˲١
ܳϺԥذ·˺ˡ
洩ŵ£ֻƿ
ֻ
ȫ¡ţӱݣŵ£ס˶ϵı仯
ܳɿӾͲԾһ̽
ͷ·һذשһġ
ȫˣѹûһе̶ȡ
ǣԿӵĸӦû㷢ƽʱҲӦһϲ˶ˡ
룬Ѫѡ
ֳûþȵģ
ȻڸܳһĹߣܳɶƴһƴûУ
ܳҿһȦ
ʲôûУ
ҿִпڵĿȥòŪʼǰٷ֮ʮϡ
ܳɱȽͻĺ»£ôѪץץͷʱ΢е
ʱҽԺľȻѾˡ
Ǿ벢̴ܳ˰æϽ͹ȥԽϾȻԽá˰æ
ܳɵĺмһֱڹ۲ܳɸƵΧȺϾǰ
Ҫܡ
ܳɸϽסܱ
Ҫߣ̧ͷ̧ţƨɣȻ̧԰ɣ
̧ȥԽϾȻԽã鷳ˡ
һԣǵͷˣֹֻôݣһʵ͹ˡ
TMݵ
ллҵġ
ܳɿ֣Ͼͷ˶ľΡ
ҪĲɫֽ߲ʱʵ𣿡
ڵһʱ䣬ܳɾʹ̳ĸԱȥ
һδ͵¹ʣҪеĲ˽бǡ
ȻûйߣܹЩ˽Լʱ䡣
ҵˡʱֻвɫıǱʡ
ܳһʵĸɫǱʣ޶ϻһɫȦ
Ǹ֪ŮӻһɫȦ
ٶǸ˳СӣһɫȦ
ȦȫȦҪȦȣɫѾ
ֻҪǶеģϾʲô˼
ꡣ
ܳתȻ̳濴һۣŻɫԱսʿѾŹŨ̳ȥ
ǵս
ȻһЩˣ֮ǰܳھˣԾְѸմ̳ȳ˸ϵܳɵǰһ߷²ˣһߵ˵һ䣺ҽˡ
Ȼٻͷ̳¥ߡ
ܳԶԶʣ¥˻𣿡
١ֻһ䣬̳¥
ԣܳһ䡣
¥λã
һ¥ѾԱ棡
¥¥ݵĴкܶ˶ڵ
ܳɸ㲻ףҲ֪ǳΣա
ֻϣҪ
Ͳôŵʱ򣬺¡¡һӣ
̳ٴһȻܳɾͿ˸ոǼԱֵܽȥλãһţֱӾͰǰˡ
档
滹һ£д洢úޣϽȥϽȥ˵ȫͳȥ
յ
ܳɾۿһĸݣַһСӱ𺣺˸˳ȥ
ȻͷͳԱһ
Ȼԣ̼ܳһ¾Ѿȫʧ
Ȼٿ˿ͫףͫ׾ֻʣС
ʱѴʩǶิա
ȫǳֳܹˣиӿ϶ؽλˣҰϸؼǸŮӸ˿ڣ
˸Чఴѹ
Ĳ˻Ҫ
Բ
ܳɺһɫȦ
ջǸһɫȦ
ܳɲ׵ضΪҲ˷ʱ䣬Ϊ˶İˡ
ʱ򣬿Զп­Ļǿһ¡
ĻᣬʱҲһݳޡ
ܳɼѱǱʸŻصڴʱ̳ٴγԱܳɳɢŻȽϽܡ
Աƺǵһ¥¥֮ϵԱֱӿڸСӿİ
ҪĿֳȻ;˵ģȻȥע֮ǰмҽߡ
ܳɼ״򿿡
Ȼ΢һһڿ޵ģҵֱһֱ۵Сӣֻ΢ذ֫סһ̧
Скƺ۵ϳһ£֮ǰʹˣϱòôʹˣĿȻֹƬ̣
ȻЩȵ֮ǰʹҪֱ۴
֮󣬾ûôʹˡ
ֿ˿ܣûԼİְֿ֮ʼɤſ
ûаְԱߣҲǷǳֵÿ޵һ¡
㣬ѺԱȥտһ°ɣﲻǺǡܳݳ޵ظǶ˵ʱ䣬ԾȰλַλˡ
߱ܳɵĶõɵˣ
ܳƽʱͿﶼô
ոƺʲôԼ˼άûܳɵĶʱ
ܳɾѾһˡ
Ա͵֮󣬾Ҫ¥ڶϾҪܲسʱܳϾץסһ˵ֱۣȻ˵ؾͶƽ˿ٵذ
õĲʱӲϳġ
ܳɰٶȺַܿ졣
ʮ֮ϰѲϣҪᡣ
ܳ˵עⰲȫ˿ŲѪҲԼȾʱù̶Ҳʱ䡣
ԷƺежƽʱѵʱҲܲˣûôʱĴ
£֣лл
ллܳɶء
ЦȻֳ̳Ĵ¥ȥƺһҲҵԼŵƵġ
ܳ߻ͷ֮󣬱ǿһ˷ǳѵס˺ڼѵغ˹𣬴ڴڵشƺҪѺŪ
ǣĿ滹вٵ̳üëѾˣҲлҳϴ
ܳɿ˾ĿǻһȻһƬġ
Ǳըó˽ȥĿǻͺˡ
޴ĺͷˮţƺһҪϢһ
ܵס˲ӣʹطš
ܳϰסõҵĻ΢һ̣ȱ𶯣ҪС
пǱܿ¿һͨ
ܳҲ˲̫࣡
­˷ʱ䣬в˷̫ʱ䣬ʱࡣ
ҼѾߣйԱԼԷ齨æ־Ըߣڲͣذæܳɴ˵ĺתЩ
ûеƬֻ֯ƺܷ޾״̬
Ҳû취ֻܴպá
΢ϵƤͼ⵶֮󣬾סعǱϷƤһ¼ˣ
ȻüĶԷ룬ٵصλ֮
ܳɵľͰܵƤˣţ
ܳٴüܺԥؾͼһӣ
ɼܳɻǿвٵĻҳ֮ڣ
û취˿ûܵYιӣֻܳüܴ棬˺ɴп˿ڸѹס
ֱſͺ֧ܣһǻ϶ĸѹû£ָֻĺ˶
һںܶڻһȴͬһĶͣˣϢʧ֮ȻʹС
ϢıбͲʲô
ܳɸһȦ
ʱڵһȻҲ̳ĲԶ
һȺ·ӳ£ŵܣ£ͷܵƺٶȳܳߵķ
Ϊ׵һ䣬׼ʲôʱ򣬾Ϳϵĺü˵϶˱ǡ
Ͼ֪ͬУ
ѹ֪ء
Ȼԥʣĸߣ
ĸҪȣһۣ˷ʱ䡣
ܳɳԼµĻһָͷˮףܲܡ
յǣߣһϷԸˣԼһܣȻ⼸ˣƿˡ
·ֱӰָܳ˸ŪˣûκһܳʲôˣĸҽԺĻ
ܲܰѼܳɿԷ˾ߣ
Ǳһ·ԭصģ
Ȼʣ¼·ٴΰ׳̰ѵ̧ܸϾȻ
ƺܳһξ룬̾˰Ӹ͸ܳɣȻȺ
ռ˵طܳɷӵļơ
ͬʱܳɻԼͰ󣬷żƿȪˮƿɵģˮġ


İʮһ ʲôͬ־
ܳţȻĿǰϵţкܶˡ
ССԹϾ壡
վվڴǴǰûмġ
ʲô飬ܵӱܻ
κһڵұʶ
ңܳɻ
ԭΧ۵Ⱥվʼ֯˿ʼȥ
˿ʼɢȺѼȳԱԱͨ˿
ǲͣذڸҩĿ֡סɴϵȵݸ̳ĹԱ֮еĴ
½½ػһЩҽõƤ̶õСа壬עҲǱһЩ˸˹ƺҽѧǶȵˣ֯
ȻҲвǰѯ̳ĹԱҪҪóԱҽԺȥ
̳ĹԱ˽ԾǾøܳɼ˽йͨ
ԼԱؾͿܳɣոܳⳡȹһʼͱֳ侲ϵƷʣ
ǲ֪ذܳɵˡ
ãܳһ̣е˧İ̫ˣ
ʱԥ
ֻܹϣܳʵαըԱж٣
żʮɣ

ܳɸţ֮ǰǴ̳ܳ˵̶ܼȣ϶ֹô㡣
ǻıըǳ۾ģ֮˻ǹԱըͶЧȫˡ
ȷ𣿡
ҽԺӦǾԺһЩҽԺ
ҺҵѰ˵˶˱ʶǰһ£԰ѻ̱־͵ҽԺС͵ҽԺ˻ɫͺɫĲˣһҪ
رǺɫĲˣǶҪȻתˡ
ģֻʮʮֹ㣬ǲɷ㣬ܳɵҲ
ֳļȣҪԣ
ܳ˷ʱ䡣
һȽضİţеĲ˶һԵͽһҽԺǻ˸
ϵãȥţ
ܳѵǵýһ£ת˲˵ĹУ
һҪע۲죬úͶԷ˵˵ֻŵģ޵ģûϵԷԵ̫ƽ״̬κβԣһܶ
رǲʹҲ£侲㶼侲ģرע⡣
ȷɫ־Կٵ˵
ǵʱпܰѲ˵һЩ˿­ˣԵ˾̼ӦʹܵƣԶʹĴ̼ˡ
ĲǷǳΣյģܳԼܱ֤ԼµıǾȫȷ
Ͼǿϣû̫ļԲοȫϸ¡
õģ֪ˣлл˽һϻȥȺеһЩ
ȻһƱȽ΢ûѿԽ͵ˣͱЩĵֱˣȺһӾһЩ
֮ǰļȳѾֳľȻͼָĵĳҲԶˡ
ܳɻſһ˵Ĳˣ˼򵥵İ֮ʱдӵİ״Ӵӳ£ŵǼȳľȻԱ
һ³Ͽʼ΢ÿһ㣬мת˷Χøһ㣡
ҪӴһĿռ䣬һ£
⻰˵˶һ
˫ȭѵ֣ܴ򼸸ӣ
ܳɰˣܹ˸ȳ
ҽ֮ͨıʴڼǧ֮һ
Ҳ˵ȺУҪҵҽĸʵǱȽСġ
ܳɼ˿Щרҵ˵֮ҲǷ׷ܿһķΧûȫ˵˶ȥ
ΪԷ϶ܹĴͱǣʱҪɽӣ֮밲Ŀ뿪ˡ
רҵʿ֣㹻֮ûκרҵװˣ
æҲûʲô
ϾҽԴһҽߣǲٵġ
ȻоȻԱ֮ǰͳԱϵı֮󣬾һ˹
֣ǺãԺƵģлл֮ǰԲ˽ֱ־ת˲˽ʡ˺ܶʱ䡣
һܵĲˣô£
ܲܣ
ŵõģֲܷʽû
ⲢӰܹжϳ֮˵רҵԡ
ܳɸϽͻصؿڽ˿Ȫˮƿ֮ǰأ
ҵʱûרҵеֻʱòƬпڣȻʱһͨװãҪϸ񿹸Ⱦ崴
ʱҲڿ϶ˡ
һпǻˣͷ޴ˮףѣпʱ򣬷ڶлҳĺۼ
Ʒβ滹̻ҵĲԿ϶ǣ˵ķΧܡʳпˡҪرע⡣
Ǹϱ۰Ļ㶯ˣѪֻ˼򵥵İֹѪڰѱ⿪֮ǰҪע÷
̳ſڵǸ˻ߣȫΧˣ
Сӣʱλҽ˼򵥵ĸλһܹ֤λȥ
˽ӴĲˣôЩ
ǸǱΪɫĻߣ̳ʱѾа״пѡû취мȣԡ
ܱǸûܰ˸Ȼ
ܳⲢڸԼʲôǱҪ֪Լ˵öԷֲѾ˴͵͹˲ˣη
רҵˣЩûд
ŵרҵļҽһ120ĸҽ
Ȼ֪ܳɺͰܹ˼ª£ôǶôĲס
ûҪǻʽпҪĪҪʵļ
Ƭûôͺÿƣ
ܳɻ˾ɱˣ
ܳɻˡ
ŵ֣ǳ֣ص֣ܳˣûʵ˼ֻǹ˽һ
ֵضԲϣһ¡
ҪȻȥˣܻҪ鷳λ΢һȻҽԺҪģҪ
ǰ⼸ת֮뿪𣿡
ŵǳϿҶĵؽš
ܳɵ˵ͷûϵǿ϶Ǹ࣬ǶһӦõġ
ŵµķʽźϸģԼᣡ
ܳҽҲöԷ˽ǱһʻȥΪ۶͵ġ
ÿһǶһ޶ġ
ǵܳɼ˵ĵȴʲô
ŵƺܳɼʲôΧȺһʮĴ㡣
ԶԶɤӺλ쵼ҽҽܺõģǶŵģ㲻ҪΪ
ŵԶԶضЦЦȻûлػЦӦÿöԷ׵ô¡
æߵļ˾Ⱥ뿪ˡ
һܳɼ˾ͱʱһԡ
ŵļԱֻ˵ȥԽԽ¥ϰĲˣȻЩҪм򵥴Ľм򵥴Ҫ򵥴ؾֱӰ˸롣
ʮ֮󣬳ŵûüͷܳɺͰˡ
þöû
ܳɼ˻ڵȵʲôʱ뿪ʱһ˹ȡ֣ܳɼ˾˸Ǽλҽ𣿡
ǳŵҽģ̳Աе࣬ҪĲҲ٣Ǳߵҽ΢е㲻̫ϣǿһˡ
𣿡ԱᣬƱܳǶҪСһЩ
˿ʻʱ򣬻΢еš
ܳ⻰ʱһ
ֳļȳָӹҲмʮˣȻֲ̫ĲҲɣ
ܳɿ˰һۣ˵Ҫñӡֺס
õģǱ3żȳרõĹ׺ñЩǸҹɣллǡ˵Ȼ־һ
ܳʵ˵Ҫ飬ҪΣնҸΰ
ܳɼ˿ٵػ·˿ֺñ֮󣬾ֱӼ뵽˲鿴Ķˡ
ܳãԭ̳淢˱ը֮жิӣ˵Աж١
ֻҪм򵥵ؼ𣬸һ־ͺˡ
רõıҪܳñǱȥˡ
ܳɵǷֿжɣҽʦǰŵĲ˶˲ˣֻҪһ±ǩġ
ڼȵֳԲ˵ĳǳҪʵѣƾȥѲ˽ǩ
ǣҲҪרҵһļԱȻ٣ҪĲҲֲ̫࣬
ǳŵҲûиܳɼ˰űȽϸӵ⡣
ܳǩٶȼֱ̫ˣÿ˶أڲõΣյ£Ͽһ۾ܿˡ
ֻǣܳڲϵظ˵ǩֽʱ򣬺ȻԶһ˶֣λͬ־鷳æ
ܳˣͷԼָָ
Էϵͷԣ㡣æ𣿡
ܳɸϽܹȥ
һüһ˵ĴȴصĴˣǶ¶һǿԵĹ۰˿ڴڲͣѪӦûжˡ
߽ܳ˵Ұѹһ£жѣһȥɴͱͰѹڰѹλþͿԣ𣿡
ܳɵ˵ͷ˵û⡣
ܳɴ˿Ѿйɶѣ˰ѹλþǹɶ
ѹĵط΢ƫһ㣬ûرõذѹλϡ
ܳϾȻ󰴵ȷλá
ҽ˵΢һģϾͿˣոԼѹ֮Ѫ϶ֹͣˣܳɰѹλã֮ǰڰѹĺõöࡣ
ǿƵģѪƵģεһ²ӣһ䡣
ʲôͬ־


İʮ Ѥ
ԹɶôģֻˣⲻѪܣƲѪܡ
ǿƵġܳɵ˵ͷδڹ͡
ںԲǽݵʱ
վϾͶҪȥö㰴ѹŰɡ϶ҸרҵһЩ֮ǰģ˵ĿԹҪ⴦ô
ȥðɣҰѹλò̫ÿƣȥɴ͵Ȼٴа塣
ʮֺһһʮֵĸһ顣ƵĳȵҲԣ
ãҲûԥ
ܰѰѹֹѪôõˣʵҲ
ܳǴӴר߳ģ
ģõļȾ顣
ǳڼʱ򿪷Թ۰鷢˵ʱҪô
ԭǲıġ
κεļȣǱΩһԵԭǾȱٱġ
йɶѣ뻼ΪʧѪĻȰѪֹס
˴ңڣﲻ޾ԭ򣬼ܳӵٶļҲסϸ֡
޷ѪܵķϵĻôֲֻܾѹѹֹѪˡ
ȡֹѪԭǵ֫­ԼһЩȽеĸЩٲһ
ȱѪ£Դһʱ䡣
ѣǻǸŵѣ£Ǻ˼ֵת˵ҽԺģ֫ѿԡ
ĲˣƾͲȣֱתȥȳҡ
һľȻһˣ֮ǰܳɸ䯽ģõĶرǵͼа塣
۵ļȹУһҪעľʱ̶Ļ۵Ķ϶˵ƶܻѪܺ񾭵ĶˣǼع۵ķΧ
ٴλصߵʱܳɹȻոպԼæǸ˫û˿Ų
ܳɺɫ΢䣬ϽҪٺæô
ճôصĲˣһ˰ѹ˽й̶Ϊʵġ
ܳڳɨһȦûпյģܳһҲܹöġ
ҡҡͷ˵˰ɣھȻ𣬶ճһܾȵĻֹһ
ܳҲ֪˭Ϊʱͻȥ
ֻ˵һпǰеƽҴġ
ؼʱܹʡһԴǷǳġ
ΪЩˣ˿رգʵֻҪ΢רҵ֪ʶˣ
΢ظԤܹ׵ظı֡
ͺñ֮ǰǸͷˮ׺صˣܳɣ
ǿȥúõһЩˡ
УˡʵûֱӺ˹ҲǿֳϾûˣرЩȻϳˣϵ˲˺Ͽȥĺ޲ó˳ֱӷɡ
Ժƣǳʽظܳ˵Լ֡
ȻرĳϣǲҪԱݵġ
ܳɿԷôԱ˼ţҲԼݣ˵ϴѧҽԺܳɡ
굱ʱһ㶡
ħˣ
ϾҽѧרҵˣȻҲϴѧҽԺŵġ
ϴѧҽԺǾħеİ
ҰǸ㼱ƵģϴѧҽԺļƵۺʵǿ
ǱߵĹǿҪǿ
ϴѧҽԺڣǼҽѧǺģǹǿƵĶôˣѹּܹŽȫǰʮλʢ֮ʿ
ܳѹھûչ棬Ҳ˵ãʦȷ
ܳɽű㲻ٶ˵ֱӿʼ飬Ȱá
ɴɳ磬ֱӰѹλõĸϷȻõһȦѹ̶Ȼӵı̶ʽرģԭϽǲġ
ʱڽڽգǰս̿ԭǾûˡ
ڣҽԺںҽԺĲģʽȻòһһ̨ܳɾֱӰѪܶˣѹɹǽһ̶֧ʲô⣿
ûа
ܳɶ˿ˮڹ̶֮ѪȻУѾǳ΢˳ŵҽԺڣ
˾ѪѪ䲻Ѫֻ
˼ѹܳͨرСаѲ˵ⶼʱĹ̶ʦ˻ˣȻȥҽԺһ½ӡ
Ǳ߻Ҫȥּһ²ˡ
ͷ˵İɣˡҽħлл㡣
ܳЦЦҡҡͷѾлˣǶǻˣڴǴǰվͬһǽ¡
ʵܳҲ֪û˼ǣܳɻǾãħҲãɳҲãǻ
ûҪһӰѻᵽôߵĲΣħллԼԼôߵ
ֲܳʲôٵصĴ顣
ʵÿ˶һæʱ΢յһů͸ⲻһ
ͻã˼һжֵãҲȷֵá
Զ
Է־ԸߣűӣƺڸǼǲԮûгԷһЩСϰԼС֣Ϻˮ·һţͺǷһ·ҪҪһڡ
Է齨˻ߵĳҲԽԽ
ܳһȻֿʼԼĹ
ܳɺͰ˲ʮ˷ּ֮еԱҸԶõ˴
Ȼ䯲ҵܳɣǸֵл
˼컹Ǽ鷳ˡҪʵڲˡ
⻰ܳ˵û¶ǷҲûʲô¡
ȻЩڶ׵ĴãǾȻȥ˰ʦȥæǵģùǡ
䯵ȷкܶҪЩȻת˳ȥǻصԼҽԺ֮󰡣϶һѵ顣
䯱ֺܳɼ˶һ£˵ܷ񷽱֣ҵʱԸλдһлŻһ졣
ոҵͬ´绰ˣ˵ǴǼˣǳļʱĻ϶ֹۡ
ûܳ˭ĸλ
ܳɼ˱ֳܹ֤ǵʵ㹻ˡ
ܳϻص˲ˣ֮ͣѡҽȥæǾȳ˰
ʵڷּ˵ĹУܳҲΪһֲ˿϶Եˣһ˻пܱȽġ
ܳɲ޷һ顣
ҶǽǺǷּˣٴĻ
뼸˵֮
ܳɺͰȺʼɢ֡
˵֮У΢΢ƣȴûо뵡ڵָоʵ¼ǰ
Ծȡעá־ãƽĸˡ
һУûеôҪ
һΣȻܳɵֿտգ··أ
Ƿˣ֪ڲڡܳҲûйļˡ
˰ɣҲ̫ϲܳɻͷһʣֳҪٻȥңƺѵҵ
ǲУġҪͷ
ȥˣ컹Թ֡ܳȻҲ·˺ʹʱ۷ȥδؾҵһһΣԡ
ûҪ
Ҳ͵˵ͷ
ͬʱ
ֽӵ˵绰ҽԺ֮ͬģھǵѣһҲ̫Ѥ˰ɾؾͰѱεܸܲˡ
ǲ֪˵շΧõֲ֧ܷ洦ܽȥûˡ
ǰүİ
ϾĸˣЦ˵пܲܿɲģҴ֮ǰѾˡ
˵пʱ򣬻̳Թ˵ķΧ˶һܡ
ԷһôϾȵģ˭ѵǾԺƵ˱ǻȸϵֳ
ǾԺģ֪ġ
䯻صҲûȥʣ˱ֻģڷǹʱ˼ȹⱾǲˣһô
Χ۵˶ˣһΣҽ˴ӱըҽƶӸϵֳ֮пհףӲǴĸ˵
ҿľĸ
Ҫĸ˵࣬ҪΣ£ûκרҵе£һ
ǶԼΪоҽǷǳѵġ
ʱ򣬼ICU棬һ߰˸ȣûȹģҲ
ɸΪ֮ͺñȳʦư裬ֱֳ˰
Ҳǰ׸
ңһͥҪԣ˵ҪԣûеȼԺĸˣӵʱ䣬ѾǷǳǳˡ
ҽԺ˭ܱ֤Լܹھܹһأ
һ漰ƣǺǿơѪôิӿУͬв¡
ҲǶûʶԷʲôԭʵˣ
һʲô֮ԷûнԼ϶ǲϣԼŵ
ĬĬţʱͦõġ
ţҽͻᱻֲɷãĹˣ
ԷΪźصһΪأôпǸȤˡ
ҾӦлɣħˣʱٴһ°ɡȹ˰ԱҪȥˡ
ȥȥæԷôһ䡣


İʮ 
գߵңܳɾʹӾƵ˹
Ȼڵ绰Լʱǰ˵룬ǣ֪ܳ½Ǭݿ϶ǵʦĲ飬ǵ̫
ԼԸӰֹ࣬ĽܴҽδԸ⣬˾ûš
ܳԼҲǺܾñҽԺҪ΢һ¡
ܳɲδŵ˯̫
ϴ֮ܳɾֱھƵͣȻиɽҽԺ
ĿǰѾICU֮ڣתȥ겡
ȻѾϴѧҽԺ֪ܳν겡ʵ˵סԺҲһƣǸ߸ɲ
ڸ߸ɲҽԴĴԱȽϳġ
ܳɺ͵ˣûдŵҽԺ˹ſڣһֱӰ˵ȵ˰˵ʮӽĵ㣬߽
ͬʱϵ½Ǭݣ½ʦѾ겡ʮ߲Ĳ
½Ǭݣܿʹһ䣬˳ȴܳɻ֡
Կó½ǬϺͱ飬ƣӦչʱ򣬶Էǲôġ
ܳɶһֱƭ˵ĸо뻪ֱӡа塱ϧֱƢҲ֮ƺѺá
ܳߵ½Ǭݵĸǰ½ʦ
꣬ǹȥ˵պ˯һ½Ǭһơ
ܳɵͷûӦ½ǬһԱߡ
һΪ֮ܳɲſʣ½ʦʦߣǸʲô
½Ǭ΢֯һԣǰ漸죬ѾƽˣĿǰҲûΣգеĶǴڿڡ
֫ĻܵƣƣƺΪĴڶġ
СܣҪ˵һǸ
δޣȻҲҾͶ෽˺ü죬һλѣСҲƵ
λ˵ĿҲΪڲѯڵʱûдĻǸ˵Ĳ飬Ǳ鷳ġ
½Ǭô˵ţȵ˸Ǹ
½ǬôһָܳϾ뵽ˣǰĸ簲ȣԭ䰡
½ǬܹõҲ֣Ĵĸ磬Ŀǰħչ
ܳüͷ壬֮ǰ״˵ʮأȻ֮ǰװ½ǬݡʵǱ½Ǭݵ˴зϵǸ⡣
ܳɺټصˡ
֮ǰ鵽Ϊʲôܳɲȥ׷ʣ˵½ʦʦֻֽŲ̫񾭼ͼȣûʲôȽĸı䣿
­˵ģΪ­˵ͨ·Ƿֹͨ·ĴƤʲôӦԵ˵Ļ
ǻʮ鷳ܾҪһЩȽϾϸ޸Ҫþ׼޸ҩֲעˡ
񾭼ͼûģĿǰʵӲΪġ½Ǭô˵
ĻôҪҵģƵҽˣǰܳˡ
Ӳʵ˵ûлеˣ˵񾭡ȶѻճ
ܳɾͿ˿ҽڲ鷿ƺûۼƣʣ½ʦȥһʦҲһ𣿡
ܳ˵ˣܽؽͣ½ʦҲǲĲݣҪ˽һ£ʦҲ֪ѵԵĶÿ˶Լ졣
½ǬǱȽŵһˣܳɽ˻ԻظʲôԵģرŰˣҽǰԱ֮֡
һ㣬ʹŰ㺰ġ
½Ǭӣô˵ʱɫͱ鶼б仯
ܳɺ⡣
ÿһο½Ǭݣͻ֣ᷢ½Ǭһѧʶܹ㣬Ƕ硢ˡѧǺϡͨģʲôܹü֡
Ůˣ½ǬΨһû취ȫͨ͸İɡ
ܳɾ½ǬһߵĲſڣ½ǬݼȥʱܳɲŷӦ½ʦʦϢһ°ɡ
ո½ǬݾͲ˵˯˲á
Ҫʱ䣬ǡãȥԵһ°½Ǭݾ߽˲
ӣ½Ǭݾ˳ܳ˽ȥͿģûж˼ӣǰܳɿǵͬԴġ
߽ܳ΢Ļ㣬Ȼ̨ɢĵ㡣
˿̵ɫԷףʣһѵӣ۾֪˯Ļô£Щ͡
ҽôһ䡣
ܳɱǰҿһ£ȻȻڴͷҵ˼ףа״ĹֺñӶǱŵġ
ʦϢһ£Ҵһ¹
ʵҽĹҲǰ״ӣһ̶Ͽò˸ϿݣǸﰲЩڿʱ򣬴ְҵԣһЩҪΡ
ܳɺܿ׼׵һУȻ½Ǭݵ棬һһϸµŲ塣
Ȼڲ֮üͷ̾һ塣
ԼҲҽߵģֻǲ½Ǭô㣬˺ܿͲ׽ܳɵ̬仯
Ϳܳɣҽǲǲ̫ã
ܳɿ½Ǭݣ˼ʺô˵𡪡
½Ǭ˵û£ҽлֱӽҺǰҽԺҲǣ߾ǴҵԱ
㲻˵ʲôǶġҽѧļҲһЩ˽⡣
ܳ½ǬôȴȻտڲԡ
½ǬݺȴֵˣҲͿܳɡ
½ʦҪǳȥɣܳôһ䡣
½ǬݿܳɣȻٿͣûкҽ˵һҪֻ
ҽлֱӽɡǲҲǣ֮ǰн֢ģ½Ǭݲ½ǬݣһӾͲµܳ뽲֡
Цˣҽ֮ǰ½ҽǹˣֻû취߲ȷΪӦĸ鲻֧֡
Ҳô˵ĻƾǱȽϺĽ֢ˡ
֢ͼΪǽֲ֢iҲİһˡ
̬ƺá
֢ĿǰϹϵĲ֢֮
ԽмήӲALSҲ˶ԪMND
˶Ԫ˶Ԫ֮󣬵°򲿣ν򲿣ָ֧ⲿּ⣩֫ɡزļή
ʦܲǿܣ
ǶܿЧҲֻܿڵЧܳɽôһ䡣
Լܳɾ͸ӲҸ̫ϣˣϣǸţ˸ϣӾ
½Ǭתͷǳϴ˵Ҫ͹ڵһλҵҺо棬ֻΪϵĺ
½ǬһЩ£Щ飬ܳɶ֪ġ
ܳɾʣ½ʦҪһرһ𣿡
½Ǭݲδͷܳɣֻ𰸡
ǺϻˣǬݼڲȻֻͬ£Լ˽˽£ԲΪ˽Ӱ쵽Һݡǳǳؽһ󣬾ʹ˹ȥ
лл˰ҽȻ˻Ȼ֮ɫ
ܳɲԻظ
ܿ죬鷿Ķͽˣ˻ຮһ֮ЩҲ֪ܳɵݣ֪ܳɾǸ½Ǭһϰˡ
֮ǰڻɽҽԺҴʵʡ͡
ڲ֮ڣҶȻûе棬رĲ飡
ֱ뿪˲֮½Ǭܳһȥҽ칫ҡ
ڷֹܲһ鷿Ļߣڲ鷿֮󣬾˽һۡ
ڵĸӺܰͷҲССģȴû˸˶Ŀǣ·Ǿ˺ܶɣƵģ½ڣҪչһ𣿡
ǻɽҽԺܹõƽ̨Լģҹڽֵ֢оĿǰҲһЩˡ
ϣ½ڿԿһǻɽҽԺоҡ
ɫֹŰĹ棬ǻݣȴԵЩֺá
Ⲣ⣬½ǬˣҪ仧оĻʵңʡмǻٴ֧֣оеĸУҲ׺ܴԴ
ᣬӦ˲ŸУۺӰȵˡ
ܳɲδ廰
ڣоĵѡַ⣬ĿǰԣκһУҲٴλ
һ㣬ҵ̬һֱȷ൱Ǹ
½Ǭݵ൱ˣǴɫóһǲġ
ԺĿСרҵУ϶кܶҪҹһЩͬжཻģʱԸұȻӭ½ǬݵĻ΢һ㡣
½ڣһ̰ɫȻ˼̡
ĿǰŮʿ̵Ļ½ǰǹڵǰָǰ׹ָϽдã
½Լԣʡ
ƺȷĽ֢֮󣬸Ӳˡ
ҽҽ
ڣȻڽϣһ̣ɹȷҾԲ롢ۣȫȫϡ½Ǭݷǳ϶Լ̬ȡ
Ÿ˵ʵҾãҲóﵢľߡ
ڣҾȳȥˣҽһʲôĽҺܣ


İʮ ôأ
½Ǭ˵߾ߡ
ֻʣ¹ܳˣһ˿϶ֱӾ飬תͷܳɡ
ܳϽ˵ڣ⽥֢ҲûйĽӴ
ϣ֢֮ȥֻ֢֮һĻ̫߱٣ܳǰǴδӴġ
ֻ˵һϿ
֢ӱϽѧݣٴ֣ȴ֫˺͹ǿƣҲЩϵ
ȻԱȽӲҽʵǶԽ֢⣬Ҳٰ֪֮Ҳ֪δ档
ٵѹҲܴ󡣡
øѹ˵ΪЩ˵Ļ
ڣǿƼˮƽƣҽˮƽƣǰǰʲôѹҲûá
ǾĿǰʺϵİɡܳɲûд˵˼
ܣѺܳһʱ䣬ǿлѽ֢ģİ취ġ
̫Сˡ
ңʱڣֱӴһСףֱһԾΪƽ֢ĴУǻİ
ң֢һҪļҪ֣Ҳûʱ䣬ٺվ½Ǭݵǰ˵
һЩ̵档
ҲҪһ޶ȵģܳɣڹǿɧ㹻ʱ̷
Ѫƣǿƴ˸ν߮ԱڣҲỳɡ
һֱӲ嵽ڿƶû취ѧȥ
ܼΪۣܼΪ
Ī˵ԼĸĸʱĲ֪Ӱȫǰ£ܳɶҪֵġ
Ҳֻˣ¶˿Ц֮ɫ
ҲΪܳɰҲ˵ܳɹֻΪָģͲ¼Ĺϵ
¼ȥΪܳɣǾб˿Ϊ㡣
ɸΪ֮
ܳٺ͹һһЩĹ滮˹塣
ܳɲδֱ뿪ȥ½Ǭһ¹ڽ֢Ŀǰչ
½Ǭ׷ܳɵʲô뷨ܳɽġȫҽʦȼƶȵ趨֮ϣ;ಹĶûС
ҲֻܰôֵһЩṹͶ½Ǭǰ
½ǬȻüͷ΢һ壬ȴҲû˵ʲô
ܳǹǿƵģǿƣñרҵ飬Ǳ֣Ҫ˶ȫ֮ǰȿԼǲ
ҽлл㰡ҺͰ̸ҵĿѵǶܳɵлˡ
ܳɵĿܹһֱָ顣˲õĶ½ǬݣҲһܳɡ
ӦǶڻһ棬ԶڵĻʦԶо˽չأܳɲȫذѻ˵Ҳһ
ţȥ֮󣬲½Ǭݣ϶ǻᳯġ
ˣҽȥɣ½Ǭܳ뿪ʱô飬ֿ
ˣ½ʦҾֱȥ棬ɳСܳҡͷܾˡ
½Ǭüͷ壬ΪӡУòܳǴһԱȽϹؼҵڡ
ô
סԺܳȥء
½ǬҲûʣܳɣҲһˣеĵ̶ˣԲҪԼȥʲô
Ƕ˵һ䣺ҽҪڽ֢ڽпѧоĻϣҽܹκĳԱ
ҪһרҵλãҽĪƴǲźá
½ʦ϶ģǽСܰɣҽƺЩ̫ʽˡ
ԶʦĻҿµڶǸСҽܳɳϿҵظ½Ǭݽ顣
½Ǭݾ̫ˣǶܶ࣬Ա̫ء
Ǻ£ȴҲرõ顣
ã½ǬҲûܳɿְܳ͵˿ҵſڡ
ֵ֮ܳ󣬾˵ҽξͲԶˣԺȶ֮һɳеݷãҽ
ܳһߵȵݣһεؿ½ǬݣҲȥƺˡ
½ʦĻұȻᵽлл½ʦʢ롣ܳɵͷ
½ǬҪˣԲؽ˹һĽᰡ
ܳŵݣµҽԺĴ
ΪҪҽԺȥ棬ܳɾͰѿָȡˣңҲû״ӡ
ԣڳſڵʱܳɾͷ֣ڶ
ȻͻˣƺǲŵشֻƵġ
GⲻǸصҽ𣿡һ£ŷУҪϵݵģֻͷ˹
ͬʱǻϵرȶܳɵƵǸ̳ſڴ־˵ҽӦ
ȻƵܰܳɵΣһģһ
Ϊħڷ飬˻ֻҪˢƵģĸƽ̨Ǳ͸˱ˡ
ûô⣬ȴҲ֪¡
ôһ˵Ǹҽϲ˵ħ𣿡
ԭǻɽҽԺҽ
ѹˣµһٶ˲˲ٵĳԹȺڣضܳɿ
պƵ
ܳɼ״üͷ壬΢΢֣˵λֵܣˣˣңֻ˷ƵԼԴ
ģ
Ӧȥ׷Щǣǲ浶ɽ𺣴Ӣۣġܳ⻰˵ֿ
ֻǰܳ⻰Ȼ޷ֹƵΪ
ܳô˵֮ǰȷܳɵǶµ˵ˣǺӢۣǰӢۣⲻͻ
˵Ǹ磬ҲƵ￴ˣǶǿɾˣ
ԶԶԣ
ǶǾˣͻҲֵ𾴡
겡һ¥Χܿ챣Ǿͷ˲ԾϽɢΪǾ¡
ҽԺҽ˭Χˡ
ɺò׼ȺȴһȺ׷ǡ
԰Ҳ˳˸ʱ֣ܳһţȻ˵˺ˣλѣ߲ѼҾͲҪΧ˺ðɣλҽ϶ҲԼ顣
һ£ÿ·˵λҽ°࣬Ҫȥɶġ
ôһ˵˵İ·ÿˡ
ܳȻڶƵܻȴҲһְҵΪǵΧۣӰ쵽ܳɵֵ߹ӰȷãҲǵı⡣
ɢȺʱ򣬻˵ҽתһ£һš
ȺЦ˿
ܳЦЦͷ
ʵǳòкǺϲģ֤ĿǰһʮֿɰȺ
ֱӰܳɻͳҽԺſʱǳشһ֣ʣҽܹһд𣿡
Һȥͬװ±ơҲ˵úֱס
ԡɣҷȳлл㰡ܳҲþֻܾ˵ĲҪٰЩƬϴˣ˷ѹԴ
ԴҪøӽġ
ܳô˵ţλ˾ȳĴ磬ԼǰԼһˣ
Լȴķθյʱ䣬ڲ
ԼΪҪȸ˵ġ˽ֱдıȨ
ܳ÷ǳεġ
û취ҽԴԣѴʱȥⰴѹܻˣͲֹһ
ܳɾãԼӢۡ
պܳɺܿͰѿִˣƵ¶ˡ
ܳɴ򳵵˾Ƶʱ򣬰Ѿڵˡ
˾ֱӰѳˣܳɻſ֣Ц˵ŶŶ
˰һȥġܳûӰĻ
ҷϢʱѾͿˣÿ¥
ǽȥʿɣ첻ĩһ㣬ĩֻĩʱ˰ɡЦš
ܳɵͷֻԳ˵ƽʱĩûе˰
ȥʮ죬Ƕٺţڼˣǲˡ
һÿļﲡĲһˣ˽ˣܹ֪ġ
ϴѧҽԺΪʡҽԺǽʮӴ
Ҫõķһ£ǵȥɣ飬΢һ֮ǰһܳĸо
򳵰ɣ㲻֪ҸոմҽԺϳˡΧ˺óһʱ䣬ҾáܳȻָҲһ֡
ҲͰѿִϣǵ΢رһ£ҽģ̫˲̫ãʱһһòõĵطͻᱻ޷Ŵ󡣡
촩ŵһ׺ɫȹɫ˿࣬ŰɫѩףŴźɫĴͷЬ
Щɡ
˳֮󣬰ʣʦôˣôûһ£
ֻ֢ܳǻ֡
û£ǽ֢ܳɻĲȥ˵
ϤһҵҺСǵԼϿ
ˣͨ˻ҵңռ˱
ûգԶڵԤ󲢲ãĿǰûƵĴʩܳ˵
ô죿Щģüͷ
취£½ǬʦԴǼΪḻģ˵ܹҵȽϺõĽ취ܳ˵
㶼ûа취𣿡ʣܳΪЩܵ˼ˣ˲ӡ
ôܳɾЩЦ
ҡͷֵ˵ͷ
ȻߺߺߵЦ


İʮ ϴغͼ
ܳ밲£Բؿ¡
ֻǣȻ̲衢Ӱ̳ȥʿᡢֲ԰԰ȵشһ졣
ǣ֣żҲ§§ȴԾã±ǵĵӻ̫Сˡ
§§ǵģȻͲ˵ˡ
ȥֲ԰ʱȥ΢ƫԶĵطܳɻͰֵֹ
ܳɺͰɶ¶˰ңһΣܳɷ֣Լ԰֪ǰ
֪ǲֲ԰ǲǲ䣬ҲǴĺ档
ҪܳȥԹϣǱܳɸסˡ
ֲ԰ߵʱ򣬰ЩģɫЩպ죺ǻؾƵȥ
ȥ𣿲˵һȥ𣿺߰ܳʡ
ڵʱʵ磬ϸֲ԰ģȥߣĿǰֻ磬Ѿˡ
ѵûиոյô˵İĵطͲҪȥ˰ʡ
ܳɾͲ֪ôˡ
գ˵ĻȥǻɳУǻؾƵꡣ
ȥĻøǩܳɾͽ飺ҪȥУһٻٷɻɳУ
ħȽ֪ľ㶼ȥˣȻĶҲˣܳô顣
һѧһѧȨǸƣһɵģڶܳҲͰһ£ħлûеôڡ
ԚGڴȥӦúܿأȻͽһһ꣬ƱɳСһ£շɻٶȣгúʡ
ҵɳеʱ䣬ر
ܳɺͰֲ԰ʱӭþͶһֱ̤ĸǶΪֱڻԲһȵ˰
ûȵײˡֱһܳɵĻ
ϽǸ˼˼λŮ磡Ĳ˼
ʱۼˮȴ˵Ǹ˺ϺܻǸҽ
ɷһ£
ĦҲһ죬ģкö˶ֱ
ɷһ£⻹ϴѧҽԺҽ
ĬһְҵߣҪòԾȫصľֱƵЩ
ǰڱȽŵţˡ
һδ˵ϴѧҽԺĳ¼һħ̳ըš
Ȼɲɵؾǣڰǳܳɵ֮󣬾вһΪܳɵĳ֣ųϴѧҽԺ¼ϴصĿԡ
ȻȻ٣Ҳвٵǡ
ûϵܳɿԷҲǹģԾͰѰ֮´򳵡
Ĭ˫գһʣֵܣҳе찡Ҳ֪Ǹֱģֱˮѣ˵֮ǰеǸȵҽ
Ĭһʣһ߻ֱָָ豸
ͬʱƳԼֱҳ棬ܶ˶ֱܳǲϴصġ
Թϴǲ¶ġ
ûϵܳԺһЦȴǧ֮⣬ԵΪЩ䡣
ҽˣҲǸԵ֣Ҳ㼱ȵĶƵҲϲ㣬֪ҽ㷽㣬شһЩⰡ
ֱˮҲĺܶ˿ҲԹעġֱǳͷ˿Ĭ￴˿͹ע൱Ҫġ
ܳԺܿػһЩ˿Ժʲô档
ڲ㣬ҪȳǸܳȻˡ
ǸҽֲóʲôȦعȣܳϲġ
ֻǣܳĻظȴĬ԰ֱӸ˳ܳɵ̬ҽ˵ΪϴѧҽԺϴصģ
ô£
ԣüͷһ壬ȻҲ֪ģֲǶˣˢһ¶ʱ򣬾ܿƵۡ
Ȼظ࣬Ҳϵػ֡
ܳɻڸ򳵵ĶλظˣֲֵܳСŮˣǲǹҲǼߣҪʲô̬ȡ
ϴѧҽԺиҽԺƣרŶԴ½н͡Ǿֻͨο͡һҪųС
ԣǸǸҸػؾˡ
˵Ϊٷ
һ£ȴǰֱˮѺͷ˿Ūˡ
ϣʲô˰ϴѧҽԺҽʸ𣿡
Ħ̣Ҿֱȥˡ


ĬԼʵʵģ簲˵ܳɺͰǹҲǼߣӵб˵Ȩ
˵ܳɺͰû£ȥţҪôɧţҪôˡ
ǿŷ˿ԷģĬ￴Լֱӣһԡ
ĬˣҾȡˡ
λŮҲûж⣬һʡ
ýʱǼҲɷõ
⣬ҲǴҶȽϹĵġ
ĬżܳɣҽķĻһ̬£
ܳô˳Ȼֻ£һҲҲԤ֪ߣҲ֪£ͿţǴֻżȻҲǹġ
ڶϴѧҽԺ͸ҽԺֵܵλȻ֦ͬȴвͬϵͳҪϴأҲ
һηǳʹ¼ȶȣҲҪȸʡ
ģƵ˲ңҲûƵ֮ġ
˼ǵĳˡܳŰ·Աߣų⳵ֻһ
סľƵ꣬ǼľƵ꣬˿ṩĽͷûֻҪƵ绰ƵͿ԰ȥĹ̶λá
ܳɺͰʱĬ˹ȥ
ܳɿһۣĬ˵·죬Ҳȳô
ҽ⻰Щ˰ʲôʱε¼ˣҿԸ̰ġҲɷһ㣬ǲ¼
ҽҲ̫ǻأѹ϶˵ϴѧҽԺءĬڶˮѵϢ
ĹƤҩһǽţܳɺͰ˲鲻̫Ҳѹ֪ĬﵽҪʲô
ûػ
Ĭȴ˵ҽϴѧҽԺǲ˶һ߾ȴǧ֮Ⱑ
Ҿѣģֲһȵġ
ܳԣתͷԾҲãԣĸҽԺҽҲųкȺ֮ġ
㲻ҪһӰ˶ΪȺУôһˣһȺˣڼԼԭ͵ߡ
ְأ⻰Ƕ衣Ҳ֪ǳʲô̬Ҫ׷Щ⣬˵Щ
оܾشȨġллܳ˻ظֱ꣬ӺͰ˳ˡ
ѹֱĬĬҲֻһЦҡҡͷ׷ϳȥʡ
ֻЦŶֱˮ˵ҽԽԽ߰˰Ҫ˺ˣ˵˵ȥ
˱
ˣ
ֱ棬ڴŽ࣬Ĭûǣֻǣѻת
ҪҲȥֱˮѵĽ飬ֱȥһװΥΪ
ĬһҲͼֲ԰ȥֱֻ߰ҲԽ
Ǿû˼ˣҾˡ
ĬﻹԥԼѡȥи

ڳϣЩЩʲôΪʲôҪɢҥԣϴѧҽԺͶҽԺûʲôϵòã
ܳץһ°֣Կηˡ
ң棬ϴѧҽԺ֦ͬɲּҵġ
һ㣬ܳʶˣֻҪǳʡôһ壬Լϲϡ
̾һ

˵ģ⡣
Ĭֱʱ򣬲ͬݣ¼ƵüĲüȻҪôԼҪôǣͶһЩý塣
Ȼͬţֿʼϵ
رϣвٵˣǾҽԺ״ӣͲǰɫ˾ǶҽԺһƫ
ǿİ״ӣҲϣгһգҵϵ۵㡣
Ҳ⣬ʹ̬⣬̬ҲƷ·棬ֻҪﲻʥˣ͵ñ˸
ԣܿƵƽ̨ϣʾôһȵ㡣
ҽ߰Ʋֱ
ȻתΪҽʵޱȣǻʮ㡣
ϴѧҽԺҽϴ֮ʵ

ܳһ·ֱӷУһ·϶ûдֻֻǾأڴŸϽأȻóһڵģڴѾõл
ʮ˵ķɻأȻֱӴȥһ֮ǰģۺܲĻꡣ
ڳϣظŲ˵ݫƬƺëǡƬţ⡭
ܳɺͰҲˣԣѹûȥעȵϰߡ
ˣܳɵ֪ԼϣһΡһѵʱ򣬻߮磬ܳɴĵ绰
ܳɸ磬ɶ˰ȥһˣôдС˵ܵķ˿ˡ
ȻǺڷۡ߮˵ȻЦȴʽ
զܳɻڳ⳵ϣ⳵˾ѳ÷ɿ졣
զըò
ĿǰҽԺƣڴ顣


İʮ ˺ǷǶ
ôͻȻðôڷۣѵƵˣܳв⡣
Ļش𣬲˵ʮҲйоذһ˵ûʲôԼĵǡ
ôˣܳ˵ֻЩġ
֪ܳɻһ䣬߮Ҳõ˵û͡
شòãҲǱҪǰľڳˡ߮˵Ƭ̡
ֱӲʿҵ𣿡ܳ⣬ԼܹĺϣҲˡ
ԣ߮ȻϵЩ˼ֱë

ܳǰϴѧĸԣԵĳɼڹϹţȻͱ˸ҵϡ
ǰ꣬ܳɶڱϴѧҽԺ˶ʿоĸԣˢתֱ꣬ӽ˲ʿ硣
һ£ϴѧѧֱŪʼһ꣬Ҳûˡ
ϴѧȻһǺϴѧвĺòã
ϴѧҽѧǺǿǱϴѧҽѧרҵҲкܴĲࡣ
һϴѧĲʿȥϴѧҽԺ˶ʿԱ˳ŵģ
ټϣ֮ǰܳڰҽԺ࿼ԵѧɼԼ¼ҲǱ˳ɾ
ҽԺ̬Ҫϻ𣿡
ҿٶȸϻҲһСʱ֪ܳԡ
ҵڣܳжôͻĳɼ͹ףǰ±¶ӰĶǳĹԡ
޷ĻôĿŶȿԱȫɰ
ټϣܳ밲ǧ˿ƵĹϵѲȥ
һУģ޷ԤϵģϾܳҲ֪ԼǸɷð
ֻǣܳɻû취ȷԼĺϾûбһ
㻹ǻһ˰ɣҽԺ϶ҪһµģĿǰҲ׼ϺͲϡ
ң
ܳɸ磬֪ںܶҽԺͲ㱻ҽԺȻȥġ
ԣڱҪʱδؾͿϳְæ߮ô˵
˴룬֪Ի϶ǳԲ˰˾˵ʦͻȥɣе㼱¡
ȥ΢еưȷ𣿡˾ٴȷһ䡣
˵ͷ
Ǻϣ޸һĿĵذɡ˾ȽϽû˽̸۸񣬷Ҳܡ
ȥ׽һ
ܳɹҶ˵绰֮󣬰ʣҪҪҰִ绰ʣ
ܳæҡͷʱòҪҪϵǣϵġ
ҪʱڵΡܳɾܾ˰顣
£ʵ֮ǰܳɾԼħԺǾҽԺҵûġ
ɲ֪ΪγйԪƽͬԼϴѧҽԺҵ
ⲻֳô
ǲǸ鷳ʵҲ뵽ԼļҾĿǰܳµһؼأЩǸ⡣
϶ǣװ׵ġ
ٲãѧλѧҪҲաºͰһϵûУԼĳдĻ˭дġ
ĴܳԼĸĸûôͲôһˡ
ܳȻᡣ
µ˻Ȼһ˷ɻҲҪһСʱ֮ɡ
ʱٷƵƽ̨ҽĹؼʵʱ򣬹Ȼǿ˺ܶý嶼ܳɡ
Ҫ۵ĵǣܳɵĹϵ˭
ôܹһʱ䣬סԺҽʦʿоԾǨġ
˻ɣܳɷ£ҲǼٵģҵĵдܶ˴ʡ
ǰ޿ɺǡ
һ²⣬еȵܳɵˡ
Ϊڲʿҵ֮ǰϴѧҽԺȷǹܳɵд£ܳɱҵ
£֪˿϶ټ٣Ƿǳصġ
Ȼ˵ܳɲȱһƪ£ҪﵽҵҪҲԲƪ֧ŹǼܡ
ϾǷ˵ġ
ҵģ׼˵ģ;ܳԼĳԼҪݡ
ôܲҪأõõİңֹ
ںЩ˵
˵ǣܳĿǰĹףĪ˵ǸһѧѧλˣֱӴһڶ֡
ֻЩ˵ѡ
ܳû˵Ǹ༭Ϣ֮ǰһƪ£ǱģϴѧҽԺĶֽڰŵġ
֪µˣԲʮˣڱع϶вʿоǱԺ˳ûҡ
ԣһ治Ҫѧλˡ
ҵĹɺܴӰ졣£˵пܱС
ԾͽķϢ
ôþȡ
ܳɼֻظְסԺǼԭҪסԺһˣҽҽԺԭǼҪԺˡ
һܿΪΣҲܿߡ
ֻἷһˡʵְƵľǺܲпġ
ܳԼĵ̫㣬˼в侮ʯĻᣬδؾͲ˳֡
ұҲûмලȨ
ǿй£ѧ˵Ϊ
ܳɼϵĶ̬ǰߵľƣܳԼһܴľ
£㵽ʱҲֽһҪˣȻӸӡ
ԼžͺˡܳɸϢ
Ҳֽһ
Լ̬Լ밲һ̬ǲͬʣðвͬķӦ
ΪʲôҰδػͬⰡȻԸܳһȥ
ûĹϵˣжã
ãܳɸȥרжԣҽҲûɶõˡ
ڶ̬ˡ
İɰ»ܿƽϢġΪҪȥ϶¡
飬϶ðǳܳ˵
ЩҪԼʱѹһЩҩõԴͷ˳Ȼٰ½Ǭݵ˼ٽƲعǳ
Ĵˣ
ܳɺͰܿ˷ɻȻϵɳеĻ
ǰðӣܳɵϴѧҽԺ
ܳ³ʱ򣬷˵һ䣺Сܣ飬绰һó⡣
ɳУۿû취ܺõת³ͻǶܰƽġôһ䡣
ʵܳɱ˴򣬾һЩ顯ɵƣľ࣬ܳɸΧˡ
ûıҪ
ܳתͷлһȻҽԺȥ
ͨ˶ֵĵ绰ֱܳȥҽԺƽ¥¿ơ
ܳһ߽ȥкܶý廹пĹý׵㡣
ܳǰ׼˿֣֮ǰͲҽԺȥ˿ƽ¥
ƽ¥ſڣҲΧһЩˣҽԺſڣޣܳǴӺȥģ¥ݵ¥ݡ
ܿ͵¿ƣ棬Χ˲ٵˡ
УٺͶ֣ҲУھŻ顣
ִ˿ż֣Ժ֮ǰİţ߳©ûпȫԲŵ棬Ժؼ֡
ĿǰΪȽ׵ĽʽҽԺѧУ棬ɹҽĿԼרҵĳɾͣѹס
Ͼҽ֮ǰרҵͿϵ£ǺܹӲģˮ
ǹǿƵĴΣȻҪȱ̬֮ǰһڹǿƴελġ
ֻɶǿϴ
пƵξ֣Ȼֱʣڣ̬Ļֻ᲻ţֱץסƪµĵһ£ĻǶԾ൱ˡ
ϾϣѾҳƪµǲʣ֮ǰҽд£в֮
ܳһλϣС
ַδţش𣺡ҲԽͣ˵ǿҽʱ˼·
һ㣬ħԺҽԺȶǿ֤ģǷ£ҲǴܳҽ֣Ȼֻǹһ
ҲҽЩĹͻֻ㹦˵ġ
Ƶ˵ôҵǣҽԺҪоһ߻ᡣ
ҽҪҪֳҲдȶġ
ֱܳܳɲȫͬİţӰսҲ᲻һ
ٿܳʣҽԼ£ʲô뷨أ
ҽԺ϶վһߵġҲᶦ֧㡣
ʵܱϵ˵˹ԪƽγܳߵѧУҵĨƽ֮ǰЦҲܹܳҵ
ڣֳ棬ǲճĻҲý
ǰʿ磬ģһжǰŵģȻ˸㶪˻ģǶˡ
ԺѲǱûʲô֪ܳѲ϶ɳС
£ʱѲһţȻ󱻶ذһЩҷ
ѧˣʵӦýɿпԼвģڣϾɳǴһȽϹؼʱڡ
üͷ塣
ҲֻǣЩ֪˵ĻôѲ֮ǰҲͲҧˣϴѧҽԺĳڣҲͲˡ
˻ھŻµĺʱ
ƵĸƳŶ룺Ժҽ飬ǲˣýˣ


İʮ ¶
ҿѧĿĿ¼ͨĿ
ȻǽͼУ73ĿϣԵдš
ĿţJ234201
΢ڹ̶еڴеļӦá
Ҫˣܳɣγơ߮硢ǡ
ϴѧҽԺħھҽԺϴѧħ󡭡
ߣƼ
ܹٷʽûرĽܡֻһ֮еһСڶΡ
ҲһϢ
ΪͼǷ˻߿ѧ칫ҵĹٷҳ棬Ƽıŵȶתء
ûϢȴ˶ôһźš
ܳǹҿƼȽĻߣĿҲҪɵġ
ÿҵĲʿж٣ȫΧڣûһҲкüǧǿƼȽŶ٣
ÿĿж٣ܻ񽱵жأ
ѵôЩλϴأ
ⲻܣ
ǣһ֮˲еĶƵƽ̨ԼȻˡ
ļýˣֻȶȵĶƵƽ̨ȽԲ顣
ֻҪһᵽܳصۣȷ֮ٽн¡
ȻĻǵʱٱǾͲǷˣƵƽ̨ܷٴڣδ֪֮
һ£Ϊʱһʱٳ˭֪˭أ
칫ѻȸ
Ϊ£ΪԺٶ֪һ˵ԼλʲôĿܹҿƼȥ
ǿ϶ǻǰҽԺԺһԼ֪ȡ
ɣ֮ǰһûС
ȻҲ˵ãǣ߲ʡĿƼֱǿƼ
ԲҪ֪
ٵƤ΢˳飬ͷε˼촽Ǻ°ӦùϲǵСͬ־˵԰ɣ
һУֻҪܹһҿƼڼΪţƵˣһУĽڣ󼸰ٿ϶еġ
൱ߡ
Ȼ֮ǰⶼǳҿʼƣ칦һ
ǿܳɣܳϻͣԺиλΣǰҲ֪飬֪Ļ϶֪ġ
һΣԼܵӰģҽԺѧУܵӰ죬ԣܳɲܰڳһµһҪκ̬
ٱ˵ýǺ£ǿȥ洦һˡ
ƼȻֻǶȽķǹеĿжϿɵĺ㹻ͻĹס
֮ܳǰ⣬ȷΨһ΢ʽڹ̶еר

ձţʵʱġ
ҲԼĶƵںţҲڸƵվע˺ţԽƵŵ͡
Ҳ֪ǲȵƵƬĹС
ܳһҳ׵壬һͣ
ټϣһЩ֮ǰȶȺܸߵƵ׷ʧ¼ܣʱҲע⵽һ㡣
Ŷ˵Ĺע˿ҹý³֮󣬺ܶýҲǷ׷תأǲ´ôתء
һЩ֮ǰý˵ҲʼԼĸпˡ
ǰʱ䣬һеĶӣӦöꡣ
ǾĳרƵѧ˵Ҫܹõŵܱרô
ȻӱŲõ˺ܶطõŵܹô
Ȼ֪ǶӣʵУҲƵ鷢ġ
ǰʱ䣬ħը¼Уĳҽͦˣȴ˺ɳӰӳΪϴѧҽԺ¼ϴء
Ȼ˱ϣλҽѧԴ⡣ķչȷʵλҽⰡ
ҽܹڹؼʱͦкǿĿ
۴Ҷ֪ɣ۶ҪҲ֪Ĵ󳤰̺۴ҿ϶Ҳп
΢ۣҿ϶̫Ϥɣ΢۵ǹģ΢۵ĳԼڹ̶еȴǶǹҵһר
µİ̺ۺСز֮ǰϻγһеƣҲ²Ĳ
΢۵ڹ̶е֮ǰħ˵ҽġ
ֹƵеڹڴռۻߴĸں⣬Ҳз֮ࡣ
ݱҹȥڵ΢صҽеڶȣߴʮڡ
ǹ״ҽҵڣôĳڷ
һ˵ۣһ˺666
˵Ǹ֮ǰʲôʲôġ
ţ˿ʼչҿƼȽĺ
ǹңÿͿ֧ǧڼ𣬵ǣѧоܹòɹȴ޼
˵ܹҿƼģҵڵͻƣ·֣缶ķֻǴ¡
ɲǷƪˮдһдľܹġ
רҪΪʵרܷüֵ
Ŀǰ󲿷ֵררûĳ
ǹңںܾ֮ǰˣ˲ҪƸΣΪء˶ʿǲʿʵо
оĽ׶ΣѧϰοеḶ́ӦһѧϰĽ׶ΣΪѧϰɹָꡣ
Ψѧǿ϶еġܹҿƼˣǶרҺͽڣǰӦеġ
ԣʱ򣬾סЩ˵ѧţе᱾ĩˡ
ңΪʱأܶרڣûйʿ׶εѧϰѵǾӦñ𣿡
ҹ販ʿѧλĹ취ҲָˣشͻƻǿйߣƸ衭
ԣʵǻشõŵ㲻רѧѧϰ̶ҪˣֱӳΪרҺͽڡ

ϴѧҽԺԺƵĿƳҲһ˲ɷõļѡ
αͱ˵ļᣬȴǸĳ˲ɷû飬Ҫ˵ҽԺҽĸ֮ġ
ʵٲɷõĻͷǲģ֮ǰôԹϵʱ򣬾żֵ
û취ʱҪȥһЩ޹ؽҪĻⲻҲô
ƼͷܳǾʹһַҪϾĻǲǶŸô

ܳûгڼϣΪӵ˹˻ĵ绰ҽ˼һţǵĹôϸ¡
ҪҲЩæû˹ǿƼͬ£Ҵ˵绰˵¡
ǱʱģɿƼʱͷ˽ȥ
ǵĹ滮ҽڻʱҪڽΪõģԭҽ϶Ҳ֪ˣ԰ɣ˻ڸܳɵǸ
ʦˣʵҲ֪Լô鷳ҵʱҲڳܳȻ˵Է
˻ʱԼĿǰ϶ҲкܶҪԹһЩ֮ǰ¼ನȵȡ
ⲻô˵ģҽ˵ıʺͳ϶ûġ
ҪýʱһЩ˵˹עĵԽԽˡ
ͻ顣˻ܳɽͣ˵
ȻҲϣƵ鷢һϣҽǧҪģƵˣþȻҪȵģĽʲô˸е
ͨˣǾͲˣܳɲһרҵǶġ
ܳɳ֣Ͼһ
ʦҵ˼ˡܳɽ͡
ûϵҽôģڵĵȥʡίԱֹܵ˴绰
뿴ǵܴܲú㹤ʵ飬ҪǴõĻҪҪ뻻
˵㻹ʱְͣˣɣ֪ܳɵ˲ֱ࣬ܳϵľǹ˻
ˣ˻ԴĻ˻δػܳɵæ顣
˻Ϊܳɵĵ˹ίԱᣬⱾһܸߵ̬ˣȥʡֻԹӦǺ׵ġ
ڣ
ںʹӣⲻô
˻ţѾ͵ĳ̶ȣܳɶʱڣô⣡
ܳûػֻεЦЦ
ҽģ죬ػָλȥ
⣬ҽ㿴ĿĻûбϰ𰡣˻ôܳͲöܳһЩоѲźá
ʦʱûõģллĹİʦܳô˵
˻ȴҽǧô
пһλ˼Ҫһ¡
ţʦܳԣ΢ʼӿ죬ͬʱ֮ɫ
š
ҽ㷽Ļ͹һ˰ɣֻļһ棬֪ſЩ⣬ʲôѣôſԷſֽЩ⡣˻Ͻ͡
ʦҪôشأܳ԰ϣܽţĴУ͸ӽˣ»ش𲻶ԡ
ҽĴ𰸶ڱ׼𰸺Ͳο𰸵ĻеĶʽѽ˻˵


İʮ Ҫȥճ
ϵǣܳɻ밲Էʱ򣬾ͽӵϴѧҽԺĵ绰Ըܳɰȥϰࡣ
൱ڣܳǷ٣ֻʱϢ˼졣
ܳɽӵ绰һûбܿԼϡ
Լĸףȴ΢΢ͷһ⣺λϰ໹Ҫȥġ
ʵпԣҽǳʱã˫־Ͳˡ
֣ܳı鶼ûд꣬Ҫȥϰ࣬ƵðҹӰˡ
ֹЩάܳɡ
Ҫ㣬ٴҲҪץźϽ֪˼ǰȴ֪˼
ܳ޷ĻͲǰסԺ뵽ҽԺȥ
ʵܳд飬ݲѣҪʵʵԵȥһСһ£ִİգҪúá
һˣ˶Ǿ׳
֮ܳɾͺͰȥɢʳˡ
Ҫʼæ˿ڽϣüͷ壬ЩСŮʡ
ţȡסԺİɣáܳɵͷ
Ҫ˵ܳɵĵ绰ǲ̶ġ
ȻƱһ
ܳɲŷ֣Լһ¡
ܳɫͱ䣺ˣҰɳˣɳаҽԺſڡǵùȥ

尢ôʱʡ
ܳɸϽϴҲȥħˣֻûȻµĵ绰źϵԲ
ȻһϾͳ˹ȥڣʮ첻Ǹ绰ˡ
ȻôţҰͨҵĵ绰ܳ͵һԼԿǡ
ΪԼ绰˸룬ȻҪҵԼףȴˣԼϰ裬ϵԼ
ʵԼǺͰڼ갡
ϳ򳵣ȻȥϿʼֻ

ܳڰҽԺſڣ˫Ŀɺ죬ͷң˵ƣʱֱܳӵ˵棬ݺԼ⡣
ȴǺ绰˻ǽ绰ˣ
绰òˣ
裬ҵĴԲҵĴһˣֻˣǸǽˡܳǸ
ϴδħڶȥˣȻһֱת
Щǽ͵ɣħôãҲû˼Ҵ绰һ£ĲТ
Ҫûô
壬̫ԼӣһԭġҲŽ͡
ԭҲ޽޴ʧ٣¶𣿳ˣӲˣ˼ˣ
׸𣿡̬ܵȷǳ׺ݣĭ⽦ӲΡΡ
ܳɸϽǰϰַס
һ˱ܰܳƿһ£ܳһ⡣
Ǻأȴ̬ȡ
֣裬ȥҸطϢ㽲òá
ȳԷҪĻٴҾԲܡܳɵеʡ
ЩƮˣԼЩƮˡ
ҲȰ˶࣬ԶӰ첻ãĪˡ
һȥƢҲеǿġ
ܳ˼ҾƵ꣬ȰԼĸĸϴ˸衣
Ȼţ̡ȵһ㡣
ϴ󣬿ܳɶƽſʼʳ
ܿ죬ܳ˵ΪѲԱȥִȻֻû֮˵ɫԶݡ
Ѳ飬ɲһ˸š
ʡҲ˵ԼѲȥѲħȻܳɾְԼϴѧҽԺһ顣
ܳûѿ˺ҲˣȻħҲˣûͼӴס
ܵƽôˣԼƾűµõĹںʹӣ
⻹ûеɽˣ
ܳɾ˵ϰֻ֣ǲ²⣬Ҳϣұϲǲ
ҵĵ绰Ǵţұ֤ԺҾԲ᲻ӵ绰ˡܳɸϽű֤
ܵ΢һЩʣǰʱ䣬һ¶ֻ࣬ؼ˼Σ
ʱ䶼ҽԺôæ
ˡ
Ȱܹ׽Уܳɻƣ۵ĵ㡣
ҽҽԺǾǻڰܶܳɲ
ܺĻԼĶڶʮСʱϵش򹤰
û£ⶼǳ̬һҲұǶᡣܳЦ˵
ϰ֣裬ȥԷòã
Ҳ˵ҲеˣȥԵɣӶˣ˵㲻ԣСܻء
ӵ棬ڶϱ棬ܻǸܳһˡ
ңڳԷʱܾͻˣҺǴɳпһ׷Ӹõģ뿴ַǿ¥أ
ܳæ˵֣ãõתתҺͰҲ㿴ӵģֻһֱûա
֮ǰǸǽһǮӦȫ򶼿ԡ
ܳûܴǮ˵ʵԼļҾ΢ԣҧҪɳһ׷ܹóǮġ
Ͼô꣬ҲЩ
Ҳ˵ǵģ尢̣ҺܳɶͦæģûʱȥĩܶûС
оǻ鷿飬ôŵġͰܳɵĴ˵˳
ȻܺͶĬˡ
ϣܳɺͰܺؾƵ꣬ܳͰؼңܳɲٴε˾Ƶϰ档
ܳɽ˵Сɰ˵ʵ鷿ǰĻ᲻Ӱ쵽Ժĵλ
Ļǿ΢Ƴһ½ʱ䲻
ܳǱ׸ˣҧܸһ׵ķӣһ׳
ᣬͦõģǽ컹Ǳ߳Եķ
ҲҲǮĿǰҲԵġֵ
裬ҪһǹǾȲ˰ɣ
һʱ䣬ҿܲһַסšܳɽ顣
ɳеķ۲̫򷿵ָ꣬ҲС
ԣǿԷֱһ׷ȻŽ飬ĿǰܳԼǮȫף˵㣬һףһף㹻˵ġ
ȥҪȥһ˵ģҺǵ㣬żææġ
ҪɳУҲҪѼﴦúòҾðɣҺҲ֪Щɶ˽
ͲϼңԺҪкˣٰס
ܳô˵ΣԲ𣬰֣衣
һĲҹģҵֻȷǱûˣҹʱ䣬ͰֻҪܳԼҲеˡ
ʲôԼôˣȻ֮ǰֻûиԼ
Ǹʲôûӵ绰ô᣿
Ī嶯һֻѡϽȰܳɵ¡
ܳٺһοǵ֮󣬾˵ϰ֣ҵûķˡ컹ֵࡣ
Ǹһȥ㲻˵һ𣿡
һԸ緹ܺ˵ǲϲסƵġ
⣿ܳΪѣûбӣǾԼķʵûƵá
ʲô⣬ƵǮ˦ҲҪߣסȥ
ҾͲϲס־Ƶ꣬Լסö̹һȻֱӰѷˡ
ѺҪԭ·أҲ⣬ڴ򳵻ȥʱ򣬻һЩĴɳеҹ
ȴʵϵƣˡ
ܻ˵ʲôʱ˯š
ܳ§һܵļ򣬸оļ򣬱ԼҪˡ

մ磬ܳûܺȥԼ˲˺ף֮ǰǴ͡
Сôô簡һ緹ġ𴲣۾ͷеңûü
ͰֶϢһ£ҶϰϳԷˡܳһ˵һ߿ʱ䡣
ҳҪȥϰˣԿ׾ϣǵĵַҲʹ򳵻ܳɸϽ
ã
Χӣʼ·ۣڡ
ܺܳ뿪ȥϰ࣬΢΢̾һ
ԣżѾһңԹҾ˵Ϊæƫš
㿴Ƕûסˣ
ϰżҰ
һ£ƾͽĵһסˣ涼û˯ߡ²⡣
Ҳܲӵ绰
ŶˣȹǵøСܴ绰ȥ쵼Ƣֽһ£Ȼʼ

ܳҽԺļңĿ˿߮ӹʽֵֻ߮һֶû˵
ܳɣ뿪ˡ
⼸ʱֵҲ̫ܡ
ֻǣܳɵҽԺʽϰֵ֮ĵ绰ûԼ˽˵绰ȴˡ
Ƕִĵ绰Сܣûɣ
ûУΡܳɸϽأڶǹǿƴΡ
ãһ¿ӹܵһĲˣĿǰ״Ǻܺá
Ҫָһ¡ô˵
õģΣϵܳԣԥȥ
Ĳ֣˿ȡģȻѾ궨ƷһЩⲡܻҪϸۡ
ԼҪоһ֣ȻȫȻ֣鷳ˡ
ԣֱܳƾ͸˹ȥ


İʮ 
ܳɸϵƵʱĲ֮ǰѾлָȻܻص֮ǰĲвٵĿմ
ܳȴв˵ļۣϴѧҽԺûҽԺǱôˡ
ΪܳɵƬûйڿҽʱûϰ״ӣһܳɣﻨ˶Ǯ
ܳΣ˼ǱԺҽǹģ⣬ȥѽɡ
ܳɿӦһ֮󣬾ֱȥҽϢңһ״ӣȻȥ˾Υҽҡ
˻֮ǰЩˣֻסԺܳɻԭסԺڣȻסԺΪܳɺ߮ĳ֣סԺˣɫ֮ǰ˲١
̶Ʒڵġʱȱϯλпգܳɽ󣬲ǶֻǻʿʾܳҸط¡
ϴѧҽԺֻбԺҽʦ㹻λǲԵܣʵ󲿷ֵҽԺһ
ֵҽȻʿ˵洫һܵԺܻݡ
Ժһ˱Ժϰķչ滮Ҫ֤ҽصߣٴһȡ
ԴĽΪλòʽϡʶķչ˼·ʵҷֹΪС鵥λ¿⡢оķչ·ߡ
пƣΪԼܵĵλҪñԺٴͻʱЧԣѧ⣬ѧίԱǣͷʱ̶Ժڽеٴг顣
ֲѧģһɽͣûΥģһɼչκ˲ôŵٴйת
ҪʵýĹҪÿƣӴͷãּǵҽƷýѧеһ廯ġ
Ժ˵ݣܹܶ࣬ٷ
мؼ㣬ǾҪɣҪڹɣΪߡ
ңпԼţŵٴͿеתһ£ңҽƵҵҲһĵ
ȻһУǴӴֳģÿҿ϶иԵҪġ
ֺܿѻ˹ȥʿתݣǶҪúõᰡڣԺѾǸǵٴͿй˺ܴĵ·ôɵĻ£ǲܵԶĻվͻᱻ˦¡
ҽԺչҪģ㲻ʲԷ⣬ô϶Ҫ˲
ǿƶԣĿǰչǰеģǹؽڡ˶ҽѧ飬ǵĹǲѧơǵĴƣǵ⡢ƣкܴķչռ䡣
رǣЩ֪룬ĲӸ߲£ʡڣкܶಡˣǵò淶Σǡǰ£ǱҪôͷ
ȡ黪е淶ʾ㣬ôͷá
һ㣬ǿҾúܺãڴͷҽ£ǿң¾ѾвʮĻߣǿҵõ˽תǺ¡
ҲǴƿңĵһչ򡣡
Ҫһ¼ְ⿪ĵһ£ڵ飬ûκοأӴĲ֣Ҳ֮ǰһ޶
Ȼڻͷֽṹʱ֣Ҿ;ãһֲˣǲóҽԺģǲýģЩ˵̺ܼ򵥣˵ĲͲ֣ظ˷ʱ䡣
ʵڵؼҽԺɳеҽԺܹĽԣϣںĹУǿڽﻼߵĹУҪ˼ߣǿıҪԡ
ǴƣȻǹǿƵĻǷչķҲкܶ࣬ȥۡӹۡӵĹȱ֮⣬ΪкܶھĿռ䡣
˵֢ȾߡήήĻߣһЩ֫εĻߣǿȥһصġ
˵ƣعǽΡ׹ؽûֲǵȣҲǵķչ򡣡
ȥһ·䣬ҲҪڵĽŲͬУܹʲԷ⡣
ҲϽͷѶֵĽ¼˱ʼǱϣֻ硣
һ㣬ΪǿҵĴ̣ǴһЩģڴ̵ĹУҲһЩ⡣ǾǻҽѧԺѧѧϰͽӴ֪ʶ㣬ʵٴǴѽڵġ
ôΰٴӦõר֪ʶԼǰص֪ʶ֪ʶȻٴô̵ãҲҪǵģҽԺʵϰʲģϣӡ
ͬʱǵʵϰҽסԺҽʦ˶ʿоҲҪע⣬ҪһЩ
ϼҽٴйæǱҪԼѧϰȣҵһȽϺʵê㣬׳ȻǸָ򣬻߾ٴѵ㣬ͨѯסѯϼʦȷȡý

ˣûʲôˣǸò鷿Ĳ鷿һ֢ģȥһ¡
ڣȥŲһ·Ҹһֶ֢ۡԻԼ¼ҽʦô
֮Ĺܴҽŷųһ
ʵҲĲˣֻǣˣ֮ǰеٴƵĹУȫǰչ淶ģȴ̫á
ܴҽΪص˵ڣڣʦԼλʦҲ߿࣬Ҫڲ˺ͼΪҽԺڵԵʣڲ²⡣
ǲⶢûκãҪ϶Ǯ
Ϊ֮ǰסԺߣʵѾԺˡ
һܺõڣҲûзǿꡣ
긱ʵǱܳɶģֻܳɰ·ˣʱôѲĲˣв⣺ҽˣʵ忴ûκ֮
ѪǿƵĺãҩҲã崴ԭҲǰסˣ崴֮󣬾ͻǴ˿ϻ⡣
УѪˮƽһֱߣҲûİ漲
ҲһЩϺףɶûҵʵķ˵ˣǲǻǵþߵһ
һǾ֫
ʵʮ֮һٷ֮Ľ֫ʣѾԶԶ֯ˣȫҽԺУĽ֫ҲǼΪټġ
ܳɲʣڣˣǰ֢״Ӧûһ֫ӦǸ⡢ҵȶ෢
ˣҩ崴ѪؽδЧĻΪʲôİ취𣿡
ܳԣĲԲǿ
ķȻõģܹ󲿷ֵ㣬ķȻ˵ġ
Ȼûκһܹؽвˣܳɸķ϶ҲҪʵؽɵġ
ڸʱ򣬾µĿհףҲԽһȥȡġ
ܳһҪȥĿ⣬أֵĲ˻󣬶ҵǰƵȷԾޡ
ֻܳһ˿϶ø㣬ܳɲֻһ飬ϣһ㣬ԵģԼ
崴ѪˡӪѾãȾҲЧûиȾ΢ѭȶأƴʩﲻЧĻĲ֪
취ˡüͷ塣
Ϊ֮ǰܳɸ˼·޴εģԼƵļǳס
սĲֵ֣ܹǷǳĵġ
ΪԼѾǳóˣԴԼǰڵĻۣˣĪ
֪ܳ˲ٰ취ڣȻеĳﱸˣѪҲͨģӪҲãΪʲô˿ڲȬأ
ûиȾӪ㹻
˵ûпΪӪ̫ḻѪ̫ḻԵ˾ֲѹأ
ʵκƴʩʱ򣬱ʾǼֲѹ
ʲôоֲѹأܳ㡣
һ㶡
ľֲǾֲѹߵµľֲƤǶΪѪ˲ͨǸ״̬˨
ܳôһ˵ѵǾֲѪ̫ڷḻӪ״̬ҲãԲŵ˾ֲѹߣ˿ڲϵأ
ܳɼͶ˼ܳɾͽ飺ʦΪҲȱٵĲ֢ʱǿԿǷǳˡ
ͺñȣЩ˵ĸѪѹԴԵ⣬Щ˵ĸѪѹȴԴԵ⡣
ԴԵ⣬ǿʵıóԴԵ⣬δؾǽıóܹģ
ṹ֮ǲŻһӪṹþֲѪ˲ô֣ԣҲЧ
һеԭһҪץסĵġ
д㵣ҽ˼ǣֲ̫Ѫ̫ڷḻٴε˾ֲѹߣŲϣ
ųĿԣΪǿоһܺõ·رһЩӪӦȽϷḻĻ߶ԡ
˾ֲĽѧ󣬻Ҫ桭ܳʱ׳Լеһٴо˼·


İʮ רҵѧѹ
ҽҲǱȽϺĵ㣬ҽ뷨ǣϣͿʼ̡
ѧϰҪ֪ȻҪ֪Ȼܹһ
ܳȻѾ㹻ϵͳƷʵǾȱݵģ޷й׵ԡ
ܳɿһ۶ֽڣֽڲδԣҲ״
ܳɾͿʼ˵ڣڣ΢һҵʱ䣬̸һ̸ҹһЩ뷨
ǰϹƷ֪ô档
ϸѪǡȾơ崴ϢӪ֧֡廯ơ
Ҹ˵˼·ôģԭǴ٣һĿܣͨԷ֡
ѪǣͨɵʳơҩƻȵעȷʽѪǣӶѪǶ񾭺Ѫܵ𺦡һ㣬û취һ룬˵û㹻ĻȥֺʹµĽѪҩ
ڶ㣬ȾƣѾȾӦʱӦÿءƴʩףأҲǸȾԼҩƵ飬Ҳû취ʱȥõ
崴ǻҲѵȥõʵصôĴǰ£Ǿͷ֣ҪµĻôֻȥѼõǰоչ
ܳ˵⣬Ͷ˿ʼʾԼѧǿʼ¼ʼǣ½ܳɿʼһ¿һЩ˼·ǳѧϰ塣
ܳɵٴͿжúܺãôôõһеķ򣬽ǷǳҪһ
ܳɾͿ٣֪ԼǰһҽҪѧᵱһʦ
ڣڣǲ΢дһЩɣ
ϱ̬Сܣ㾡ĽѧģʽΪǾֻڡôϲô
ܳϿʼ˵һֱٴ֮һҽѧĲϽо룬һЩµƷѾõӦúƹ㡣һЩоĽչ
ϸƣԽԽо֤ʵʹûĸϸѪϸȣԴٽ㴴ϣҾнϺõİȫԺЧ
ӦãһЩϣ罺ԭסĤȿԱڴ޸ϣЩϿԴٽ˿ϣ͸ȾʣҿԱ֯ա
ƣоƿԴٽϣ֢Ӧߴԭ״̬
ƣҲһӦãʹûתȾ㴴ȡ
˹ܼĿǰһЩоʹ˹ܼԶϺƽи׼ȷжϺѡƵЧ
ܳɿʼչʾԼǿ֪ʶһе֪ˣôһ£չʾܳĶףϰ١ôһЩͿдһƪ
ֺʱ򣬾ͿʼЩңЩã
ܳɰ˳ڶߵܳɵԱʱſԵõһЩٵķ
Ϻ͸ϸȵĵ㣬ǲҪֱӦõٴǺѵḶ́ҪʱãˣǽֱӦҼͻƵϸơܳһ߷һ߻һȦ
ϸϣһ
ϸƣһЩоʹûĸϸϸ֬ϸȣԴٽ㴴ϣҾнϺõİȫԺЧͬʱϸԷֻΪͬ͵ϸɹϸϸɼϸȣԴٽ֯޸
ϸҲֳ˺ܶ֡
ѪϸƣоʹûѪϸԴٽ㴴ϣҿѪɺѪעӶٽ֯
ʸϸƣоʸϸԷֻΪɹϸϸɼϸȣԴٽ֯޸ͬʱʸϸԷһЩӣѪƤӣVEGFԳάϸӣbFGFȣԴٽѪɺ֯޸
񾭸ϸƣоʹ񾭸ϸԴٽ޸Ӷ㲿ĸо˶ܡ
ݵǰоʾѪϸҸºͷֻɶϸ͵ܹϸº޸֯١Ҳ׵õһָϸ
ռѪϸĹʱܹٽѪɺ޸Ѫܣ֯ѪҺӦӦӶٽϡ
ȻڲѯѪϸӦõĻ۷ʱǿô㡣
ص¼һ±ʼǣȥ֮úõزһصףһظ
ѪϸԷڶӺϸӣٽ֯޸֢֯Ӧά
ѪϸԸϵͳܣ֢ˮƽ֯˺֢ӦӶٽ˿ϡ
Ѫϸ޸ٽ֯޸ֹ֯͸ȾȲ֢ķ
Щͨϵԭټ룬ѧԭΪЩǽʱҪõģͬнͺñǸոշ˼·ʱҪ뵽ĲΡ
֪ܳʶ棬ǳͨڽѧˮƽҲǵһĵزʾʱܹͷų֪ʶǼΪӴġ
⽫ϴѧҽԺĵһ⣬Ͷȥĵһݱ飬ԱҪչʾǿͳ
ܳء
ǣҲҪʵѾеһЩоһԼŶӡ
ܳɱҪ֪ԼǾûģ˶ΪǳԿ˵ģܳҪ꿴һᣬҵഺ档
ѧԭ
Ƿ֣ѪϸֻܹɶϸͣƤϸͳάϸȣЩϸܹ봴ϺѪɡ
ѪϸܹڶӺϸӣѪƤӣVEGFʽøMMP͹̬ףBMPȣЩܹٽѪɺʹϡ
Ѫϸܹϵͳܣ֢Ӧά˿ڸȾķա
ͨôԭǿԷ֣Ѫϸʱ漰ĻеҪ¼棺
˶ʼ˼άƮ飬ֻܹܳɵ˼·࣬ݵϸڣ֪飬֪ܳ˵
ڣܳÿһ㣬ǿϣ
Ѫػе㣬VEGFBMPȡЩԴٽѪɺ޸Ѫܣ֯ѪҺӦӦӶٽϡ
֢Ӧػе㣬IL10TNFȡЩԵϵͳܣ֢Ӧά˿ڸȾķա
֯޸ػе㣬MMPTGFµȡЩԴٽ֯޸֢֯Ӧά
ϸֳͷֻػе㣬WntNotchȡЩԴٽϸֳͷֻӶٴϺ֯
Ȼֻܹʵһ棬õŵһЩػƣЩеĵأȻиϸµݣҪȥֲ֤
ܳ˵ʱ򣬻һȦ
˵˵ģе֪ʶϵôһȦʱôƣڸϸƵĲ棬Ѿٽ㣬£Ҫݡ
ѪϸͨϵµһЩѪػеıٽѪɺ޸Ӷ㻼ߵ֢״һЩ漰Ļе㼰εأ
VEGFvascular endothelial growth factorVEGFһҪѪӣԴٽƤϸֳǨƺ͹ǻγɡVEGFıԱصת¼ӰHIF1SP1AP1ȡͬʱVEGFźͨ·漰PI3KAKTMEKERKJAKSTATȶ;
Ang1angiopoietin1Ang1һѪɺȶصӣԴٽƤϸƽϸĻάѪܵԡAng1ıԱTGF¡Notchźͨ·ء
HGFhepatocyte growth factorHGFһִٽѪɺ޸ӣԴٽƤϸֳǨƣٽѪƤϸƽϸĻHGFıԱת¼HIF1AP1ȵء
CXCR4CXC chemokine receptor type 4CXCR4һGż壬ԲѪϸǨƺͶֻCXCR4ıԱVEGFHGFӵء
EPOerythropoietinEPOһִٺϸɵӣͬʱҲԴٽѪɺ޸EPOıԱHIF1ӵء
Ŀǰԣϲͬͨ·ĵһͨ·VEGFͨ·ĻôVEGFͨ·ô㡭
VEGFɶϸĵʣƤϸάϸƽϸϸTܰϸȡȱѪȱȴ̼£VEGFıӡ
壺VEGFҪͨVEGFRVEGF receptorźתVEGFRVEGFR1VEGFR2VEGFR3ͣVEGFR2VEGFźתҪ塣
תηӣVEGFVEGFRϺͨηٽѪɺѪηӰRasRafMEKERKPI3KAKTȣЩӼԴٽƤϸֳǨƺ͹ǻγɣӶٽѪܵɺͳ졣
VEGFͨ·ĸأVEGFźͨ·Ĺȼܵ²Ҫػԡ磬VEGFĿsVEGFRԽVEGFӶVEGFRļӶźתǿȺͳʱ䡭


ʱһΣǰСʱȥ
ѻȸֻܳһڱݡ
һѪϸе
ѪϸƱ̰¼裺
ɼѪϸԴɴӹ衢ѪѪȴɼѪϸ
͸Ѫϸϸ뼼ɸѡѪϸϸз͸
ѪϸѪϸԻ㹻ϸơ
ɸѡϸѪϸмɸѡȷϸĴȺ͹ܴﵽҪ
ͱϸϸжͱ棬Աʹá
עϸϸעͨͨעķʽϸ͵ڣȼ
ҽԺȱ豸ȱʵңȱʵԱֻȱȥһֵˣȥʱ䡣
Ԥǿڰ֮ڣͿ԰ƣȻõѪϸĵһưеĵε㡣
أܳɲȥͶ֡
±ˣ˵ͷȻҡҡͷ
ôһҡͷ֮ܳɵüͷһ壬ǸϽ˵ͷ˶ˡ
ܳɿ꣬ɵЦ
ܳٿ򶡳ֶ֣΢΢۾ȻܵܳɵģĿ󣬸Ͻ˵Сúܺã˵Ҳܺá
㲡˺ܶ࣬оҲȽ͸һҪһģʾԵĲƵ
˵ʮ㣬Ӳʡ
ܳӣ˵ڣҾǵĵӻԷŴһЩĿ⼯ڻˡ
ڣڣֻһˣһѧټϲ̽ߵѧϾһʦܣϣȤģͬѧʦֵǣԸģԹæ
ϾһһһˣôĿ⣬϶ġ
ܳɻ˵꣬̾ǰһ
˫Ŀ򶡳֣ûֶַ˻ȥ
ܳҲ򶡳֡
һ󣬳СܣģѾô۴ȰĿ뵽
뵽֮󣬲ȱڻʽȱڣҺԺһ취
ӷŴͷŴ㡣һûסܳɣΪ˵ӲĿ


İʮһ ˵崴治ô
ؽڣ˰ܳһµǰͽضīڰѲ˵ˡ
˵ƼȻѵ㣬ôҲֹǵذܳɽйֻǿᣬʱԣ£껹ϣ̨ܹܳ崴ˡ
ضī֮ǰܳйһ֮ԵһΪ˰ǸĲͽȥս
ڵ֪ܳҪĸԸֻź൹ǲ࣬ǰʱƵ߮˵ҽΪ⡣
ϧҽƼҲãǿƣû˲šֻϣлᣬҽָһ
ܳɿضīؽڹˣⶼ̧߮١
⻰ƭضīɬҽСҲ˵ˣħԺǻ϶¿⡭
ضīҲûѻ꣬˼ˡġ
ܳϴѧҽԺˣ֮ǰĺÿⶼ͸ţŴȥˡֵܡҽԺ
겻Ӳ磬ֱӴµȥǰ̽
ڵܳɣҽԺ棬ģڣڣС
֮ǰƺٽӴ㣬һɫˣȻſʼչʺܸߣҽԺҽԺĲٲ˶Ľ
Ҳã֮ǰĲִ˿Ʊʱ򣬻΢ʣȫ
һУȫܳꡰ֡Ĺ淶Ʒ˵ۣǹǿڲѧ˭֪֮ǰƵġ
ƣ겻˵ȫ϶ҲУ˿ôо롣
ͽֻһƪܹõЧܳɵ֣ܲӡ̺ķڷô
ΪʦЩ˵ˣǸĽ
ֻϧûбֱܳӴȥﴴģǼڵĴƣϵγڵʵϰ
ؽڣô˵ڹҲ̫°Ժлġǿ໥̽һ¡
ڻʱеסԺԵȰٴãԺʱؽֽ̡ܳ˵
ضīԣƺ͵ܳôƵģҽڼﰡ
û°ҿԵȥضī֪֮ǰħԺǸǻ϶ӦãҲڼƵҴĥġ
ضīƵĸΣڣȥԼ˵һ飿
ضī뷨˲Ÿ꽻ʲôʱܳңظһ
ܳɾͲ֪ôشˣֻ˵ллؽΡ
ô˵أضīƵļǶģܹȥƵңôԺڼƵҿչá
ضīԼĿģҲͲٶԣʵʵػصǰ

ڵĹУܳվ
ܳһ߿ԼĽѧģʽ˵㱾һҪʺϵϻʺϵϻȥѪ⣬»׼
崴Ҫ˵Ļ½У򲡡㲿͸ĥѹȣԴٽϡ
崴Ǵ޾ȥǻ
Ǳ֤ɽ໷崴Ҫʵķϣϡ͸ϡԷϵȡҪڸԱִࡣ
ֹǸ
ͷСצӱ̬ʦҲһЩӦݡ
ѧϰһḶ́ҲҪܳɱԼ̬ȡ
ܳüͷ壬ʮ룬ʣƹУ崴Ҫʲô
ܳʱպýԴ㵣СܣСǲе̫˰
崴Ҫ㣬м߲ҪϸյģϾⲻͨ˵崴
ѧҽѣ崴ŵĲȴڲͬʱвͬҪ岻ͬҪ󣬲ǹ淶;
ɫΪѵ˵ţƸȾϸ崴޾ԭСǻ϶ԭӪ֧֡
ǰ֪ʶѾֻŬ֪ԭһˣҪϸ£еΪ
ܴڣܳɽ̸ġ
΢ЦЦĻǲҲᱻܳɿء
ܳͷƸȾһҩӦã࣬ȫҩֲҩӦáڶǿƸȾԴҲǳ׵崴֯
ǿƸȾĸȾ;ϸϴߣСǻ϶ԭҲϸûпǱǻ϶ϸȾ;
޾ԭǱµϸȾӪ֧Ǽǿĵֿ
˵ԺʲôӦܳɼ֪ʶṹ
һ㵣ͣȾķΡ
ȾķΣȾԴжϴ;׸Ⱥ
ܳҡͷȫ棬׼ȷȥ⣬ӦǣѲ⡢ɴݲԭķ̣һǴȾۿģⶼǷεĸ
ôһ㲦֪ʶṹڲͣؿʼˡ
ȡ֮ڽ̲ģֳ̲ĵķΧ
ڣȥϴ˰ܳЦ߳ҡ
Ȼվԭأһ
ûػ˼֮󣬲ŷԸΧ۵ѧǣǰѶһľ磬߼ԣͨ͸ش֪ͨߡ
֪Լ֪ܹ˵˵Ķ飬֤㻹ûͨ
˶˼ȻĿǰﲻ˵ľ硣
ܳϴ޾֮˾ڵˣѾеǰ׼
Ҳгȥϴ·̨Ҹ˶λãҲܳɵλ
΢һСɡܳҪô˵
Ҫ͸ˣڵ£ܳɽѧĹ̻࣬ҪͶá
ܳЦʦ˵ˣ
Ǹ
۾ɴָܳɣ
Χ
̨ܳõ޾г֮ǰһҪڵĲΡ
Ƥ㣺ױ֯б͸оܡ
һȦֳܳȡģʼ˽ʵĽѧ
Ƥ֬㣺λƤ·Ҫ֬֯ɣճͻѹá
Ƥ½Ĥ㣺ױǳʹΧ֧źͱá
ǳĤ㣺һ㱡Ĥɣǳ㼡ʹϣбȶá
Ĥ㡢㡭
ܳ˵⣬Ȼֵܹ񣬻ϾĤ㣬ңӡ崴ʱ򣬶޴֡
ܳɿ
ĤĤĤҪɲ֣һܼĽ֯Ĥ㼡ʹΧ֧źͱá
м졢񾭡Ѫܻ֬֯ڲ֬֯ǰɣ
ǲǸͿֱأ
ԣֲԡ
ܳ˵˶̧ͷܳɣܳȴٰҰŵĤĲΣĤѪܣ׶׾ķ֧ЩѪͨĤ׼⣬ΪṩӪʡ
ܳһ˵һ߾ʹӡӡ棬Щ˳ϡ
һ㶣Сܣ֧ûܰɣôֳģ
κⰡͷƤķˡ
Ҫ֪׶׾ķ֧ģ̶ģûĽʲΡ
˴ϿԿõܳôһ䡣
Ȼ񾭣ĤںڶĩҺͷ֧Ҫ񾭺ֺ񾭵ķ֧ĤڵҪ񾭣ķ֧׵Ĵ󲿷ָоͼ˶ơ
𣿡ܳ
꿴ٴһ飬ܳɰŪˡ
ܳɸ˿һº󣬾˵֪Щṹ֮ʣ崴ͺðˡЩطȳϴسϴѸͻ֯ȳϴɾ
ǵڶδ޾һεĳϴ֮ǰǰɡ
ܳ˵ţϻظ˳ϴǹϴǹӴˮһ3000mlԳϴܾãˮѹ㹻Գ׳ϴɾݣܽʡܶʱ䡣
ϴûʲô㣬ԣܳɾͰͰسϴꡣ
Ȼ󣬻ߵ׵Ĵϴİס
ʱܳɱֹͣʼ崴ֻܳɲŸս˰ӡ
һЩ̫׵ģֶһ¡
̧ܳͷһӹȥһڣһôС֣ⲻ𰡣
û˵ʵѾˡ
ڵµıʮ־ʣĿ㵣΢Сܣ㡣㡣
㲻˵崴ûʲô¿𣿡
ôʣڻشTM֮ǰͲǷƨھڶ崴£ΪҲ֪
ڣǻ崴Ľϣ׳˷ֲ֮⣬ֲ֮ǰһЩĤǻ϶ġ
ĽṹбȽҵڸȾ֮Щǻ϶ҲڰҪҳܳɵͣûаѧһ
ֻ̾Ͼ߮簡˴С֣߮翴ˣԾһüͷ
ܳɣͨһֶΣѻ۵˳ȥܳȴûаѻۺ֪һЩӦãҲݳȥ
ȻĿǰ۵ӦãƷչǰܶ˶£ܳԼȴµġ
Ͼ˭ôʵʲĽأ
⽫ʼĵڶ⣬⣬δҪ뵽ϻܳԼоʽҽԺѧУģ
˵ҳҳСֹȴԹԹ


İʮ ۽Ǵ
һ̨ӽʵ̣ܳɲͽѧװֺͿ
ļ䡣
ԣ֮ĵһ¾Ǵܳɵƨɺ棬˰ϼļӣϾ˷һ¡
һЩֵĻᡣ
ôԸʱ׼̨ĶϾ˶ʱͲҶˣ˳̨¶ȥ
βס࣬ǸϽλ˳
˨ȷʵܴҽҪͲˣܳɹϵǳĶϾҪ
ˣֻʣܳɵĺ档
Сܣ췽𣿡꿴ܳɺǰ棬ȥô˵
ڣҽڼĴֵ࣬ʱûʲô¡ܳɻء
㣬ÿûмʱ䲢̶ɡ
ңĿǰҪöһ£̶ҪȥϿĻƵĿ⣬ЩҪ޸ĵĲ֡
һԶм
Ͼ̶ѧܳҲõġ
һֱţ˵ʦ֣ҪȻȥһ£ʱɡ
Ѿתѧ˶ʿҪ⣬д£ʵ飬Удϵı飬ȻҲĳ
Ҫ̶ȥдƹǺ
Ƕ̶ҲԼʦµģҲ֪ԼҪӲС
ãҲСܳɵͷ
ߺܳɲֱ˵ڣǸۺ崴ĽӦ𣿡
ܳûƨߵʱ䣬ûȥĥһԼҪ걨⡣
һ㣬һǻڹǿеӦá
ǣСܣ⣬֪С϶ڿ￪ʼʵС㰡һ⡣
Ҳ֪СܣҾƵģǰĿʵڣߵǹ
ҽصƱרҵС֮ǰԼϣǺоģͲ֪񾭷ϣûбȽϺʵ뷨
ǿһ㡣
ܳתһȦ
ҪǱ߱˵ȥҸط˵̬
ҲãҾµȻмĻ̫ʱܳɽ
ʱضīҲ׷˹
ڣСܣǵһ£ҿ׷ˡضīϴ£ŵƱ־ԵĻñ
΢֣ԵЩ̬
ܳͬʱͷ
ضīǵ˸ǰĿ鶯Сܣ㷽ô
ԣʱһӣ
üһﰡضīڣҲҪܳɰ
ô죿һڣֻǸڣܳǹǿƵġ
ؽڣҴȥơǣ
һԺҲڼˡضīЦһҲҪȥǱ߷˼
ܳɿһۣ˵ǣСؽȥưɣ´ΣĸʱԼ
ˣضīƵĸΡ
ƵǾҪҽģǲƵĸӣô˵ɣԺҪѲͽң
һ̫߼֣Ū㡣
ֻǸߣ֮Ĳ໹̫ˣȰʱó
GðɡܳɸоԼһȥ
Ȼꡣ
ˣܳɺضī뿪̾һ
ૣ֪ʦʦؽڿ϶Ҳʶ̧١
ؽڣ·ҿܻҪȥ·ܳѯʡ
ҶУϰһף°ʱٻҵ㡣ضīһתܳɾˡ
ǿĹؼʱڣضīҪһݵĴ⣬ԱҪܳɡ
ԼҽԺԴ˼ħԺĽڶԸ̣ԼɶŲεأ
ⲻո٣ѿö
ȻҪƽ֣ǱϾǴһҶմ⡣
ʮ֮
ܳɾͺضī˼ơġʵûй̶ĵطûа칫ңܳڣǡġˡ
ĳһƿҵֵϢңûˣ˾ô߽
ʱضīͿԶ˱ȽϤ
һŶǲѪƵĴνʯôڽʯԱߣվŵĺɳĳһʵҵΡ
ڣضīкһ
ʯںǸνЩʲô˽תͷɫһϲ
ٽضīˣ¬ΣλҸ㽲ҽԺСˡ
ܳҽ֣Ӧðɡ
ܻġ
ʯԣһĺܸߣȴݵĸԸϽǰӲʣô֪ܲأ
ҿƼߣĽѾãȥ꣬ݷһµġ
ҽã¬ۡ¬۴󷽷ؽԼƫŮԻ֣û취ﱾΪǸŮȡ֣ûġ
ôá
¬áܳɲʶ
ʯϽܣСҽؽڣλɳĶʵĵΣ¬ΣҲǾнӴԼͿĶġ
¬ΣλҽԺƵضīڡ
ҽ¬ۻʶضīһӾͶӦضīǰһЩ¡
¬κáضīˣֱӺܳɽϢҵġ
ԼĸˣȥϲõĽʯк
Ҫİ
ؽҽ£ʯϾͿʼˣϣضīܹرܡ
ضīȴ½ʯҽİɣЩɣҺҽҹġ
Ҫ´Σ
ʯΪʲôģܵýһ󵽡
ʯ̷ۣؽڣ¬ԶҲΪҽģؽҲҪ
һñӾͿ
ضī˵ɳм͵ʵģʡڵĴͿⶼҪǡ
ǽѧҽԺǸУĶʵģû豸ơȫ
ɣضīĿ⣬Ҫôڣ¬ȻԶҽҪ£ǰ˵˵ġ
ûԤԼɣضīЦ˵Ļȴǲ
ɶϼǰһӣ
ûеʺ͹ʶˣ
ʯȻãҪڵʱ
ȴƵһҽ·󣬿ܳɣȻһ˹
УƵĽ׵壬Ȼһƽ̿ƵΣһλҽԺһλԺ
ڣҸոտҽˡƵҽʮ꣬εӡ
˵һллȻߵʿ˶ʿˣ͸Ͻ˺ļкļ
ʦҵĲ϶׼ˣʱֻҪʦöһЩϸӦþûˡ˶Ž㱨Ǹʽ֡
ΣԺһҪĿⰡǻǰǵǰоٽĿǰΪȽļ
⻹ҪҽҽļӦŰɡ걨ɹ֮ҽԺԺƣٿеȫǰ壬̳ҽԺҲǲð
ң⽫ǹҵĵڶҼصоģȽˮƽֱӶԱԽ
ǿңٻ᳣פϣʮ˶ʿͲʿڽפ֮Сһ٩٩̸һ߽
߽ʯɴ۾Աߵ¬Σȥ뽯ˡ
ȻʵĿúܴ󣬵ҲݲϴѧҽԺƿƵĴϰǰ
ڣ¬Цʺá
¬ΣҲﰡΪˡȻܳɣٿܳԱߵضī
û㶮⼸ôһ
ؽҲǣ
ҽģ
ضīҡ
ʯڵѪƣҽԺûʲôλƲͬʵǿȫ֪ȶĸߡ
ضīҲںº飺ԤԼġ
ԺΣҲڰ
գһӾе㽩Ӳˡ
ˣضīһֻռǰԤԼȨ
أʯĿˣ
ΪʽģѧˣԺˣпƵҲˡ
Ծôţ˭Ҳ֪οڡ
˶һ𡣵·
ë߰⼱Ǽÿһŭ
Ȼ󽯺˻ͷŷǼƵһŶżȲˡŭһλڡ
꣬˻ͷʱҲϳ˭Ҳ΢ί񣺡һ£
һ˵һ߻̽
˶˿
λûǸûͣڴϣƵҷһ̹ȥ
һĻԺ˵ɣ⼱Ʋ̸ĵطλڣλ¬Σȥƽ¥Ҹ̸ɣ
ҽ˼أԺܳɡ
ܳɻûػԶʹһˬʵԺҪǿҵСҽȥѽ
ܴܲعǿƵϼһˣ˵ĸߴкʮ㡣
Ȼ˵ĲԺǰǿƵĴΣĿǰؽƵĴڣ˭أ
⻰һֳոΡ
ȴûκһ˿͵һˣץܳɵߣ߱˵ߣСǾͻȥ
鶼æˡ
е
ضīԣŽʯͽֹһǲ̸ܶˡ
ºˣ˭Ҳ̸ˣ


İʮ Ҫ
ܳ£һװˣ۰񣬸ߴ࣬ɫϣ·
ƺǴҲãǱƴˡ
ۿܳɱߣҲû˸ҲһȽϺʵ

ٲǴܳȥıҹؽƣܳɵ˴ƣҲǶֵĵ̡
˿̶ֻڿپ͸ִ˵绰ЩΣܳǸҵˣǶ칫ҵǲ
ٽŹ˵绰ȻѰҶְ칫ĲҶʲôλá
ܳɸϽҰֻĬĬظһе㶺Եıǩ
ΪǿƵĴڣж˹ؽƲελãȷֻǹǿƵĳԱԺôֹǿƴ˵Щ
ٲûźܳ˲赹ˮ飬ֻǿڽͣСܣʵڲ˼
üСѲΪǵĹ鷳
Ҫû鷢Ҹп
Ҫ˵ûҽԺɱӺɣǵҲǣܳɸҽԺûסԺʱپɱһڣߣһ¿ƵĸΡ
Ϊ¾ͻ᳾䶨˭ã£˸Ҳܳɱ˲ǿƼܳλõ顣
GҪ˵ɡ
ܳɽȷЩ;вı°ҪǱܳɸ㣬㾡ˣϴѧҽԺȱ˵ģ
أ
ҲãȻüôˣƱҲĪ˵Ǻܳ߮˾ˣͨԺʿƶܴٻغϣʤ
ǲ˼ġ
ûܳ˲ŹôٰڣҲһֻ۱һֻۣϾȱ
ͬ£ͷģʵ൱£˳ˣǺЩ
ʱֱӿԶӻȥȥ̡ܽ
ɱϾǰʱ
׽ڣĪ˵ûԤϵҲûԤϵֻΪܳôһ䡣
󲻷Ϊǹketty
Ҫ˵ǰܳҪκ˶սսģû£Ҳû̡
ڣ֪ܳԼ˻ǲһġ
һ㣬ڵĵʡʲ͵úúõ˼һˡ
һ˹ʱ򣬵Źλתġ
΢΢һ㶣ܳɵĿ˼
ǵܳеıǰϣٳͣʼΪ飺СܣνڼҲǾҵҵˡ
һϣʵҪԼƶԣرǼƵICUԣ;ȱʧICUתɼ鷳
һ²Уרҵרҵʵ⣬˵Ʒر𲻺á
Ҫ£Ͻ֮ǰͺͶ˵˵ġ
ܳѡðϳֱ֣Ӱϸˣ˵ʵϻбĿܡ
ֻЩƽﲻð
ǿԺ˭Һܳһ£һã
ܳɾЦ˵׽ڣǺνйϵʦ˵ߴò̫õĻͻȥ
ܳɲû˵ĸʦҲû˵ǻħǾ
ܳɶ¿ǹɳаҽԺ
ϴѧҽԺⶼɶˮʵ̫ˣܳٹĦһôţֻܾܳԶ֮
վЦЦӹܳɵݹˮҽʡļҰ
ܹûмõġоͲͬ
ΪܳڿЦˣܳҪȥôܳɾͲѡˡ
ϴѧҽԺԵȵƽ̨ȥ
ܳɵ˵ͷɳд꣬Ҳϰˡ
Ҳôصʦ
ֻܳٽһԼ·ܶ࣬ҪٽԼҪܵ顣
е̵棬ҲΪһ仰̵棺׽ڣҸһ뷨֪
㾡˵Сܣٺܻ䣬ˬ졣
ܳɱ㽲׽ڣҽԺʱ򣬳ҽԺѧУ񰮣ӦһĿʽ𣬲֪ܷ񾡿ʵ
ҲϿĿ걨Ĺؼʱڣ걨Ŀޣ滮һ½ҪʼоĿЩҪĿЩѧУڵĿͺˡ
Ҫػܳȴٴˡ
ڶ¾ǣ֪ǹǿûпԹõʵҰ׽Ҳ֪иѣҽѧصġ
ʡģûеĻʹȥʵפҲ㣬ͦģǱߡܳ˵в֮⡣
ȨԼϵõ飬֪˶֪
ȨţǸǿƿвϵģ֮ǰԼǸ΢۵еߵš
ôԺԼоǱߵʵңôֻԼһ֣ϴѧҽԺ־ҪȫдȨʵң
ʱʱ㲻Ҫ˵ġ
ΣȻҽԺĿǰôҪĿĻô͸øһͬȺ˵λó
ȻĻҰ˴򹤣Эͬ˼·Ȼȥóɹ
ôõ飿
ȻܳҲ޵ıȥƴĵıҪҪ֡
Ȼһģô͸иĵӣһʽסԺֻȫԺĴλ͸Ҵˡ
֮ǰΪʲôô೸⣬ΪҵûԼĵص㣬ûԼĴλ
ЩԼԼĵϸ飬Ǹ﷢ῴ
ȻܳһôǿӲҪܺͻȻá
ܳƢһ㣬Ҫٷ𣬵ȻҪ绰ʹ˻Լֻڵܻܲǰ˵Լȡ
Ҫǲˣô͵͵ˡ
Ұæ£Ҽ꣬ԼԭڣҲܵ
˻Ǳߣܳɶ÷Ƣ˵ˡ
ܳϣԼסԺڼһ¶࣬ʵҶõ˼·Ҳ⣬Ϳôˡ
֮Ǻѧ׶βһ
ԵȵģҲ᲻һ˭ֲɵӣ
ܳɾô١
ٵĿ˸
£Ҫǵȶˣϸ̸ɣѹסҪܳһȫŹؽû΢Ŀ˼·ˡ
ܳ뷨ƢˣãĿɲ̸
ܳɾ˵ҪͶһһ¡

һ־͸ϵΰ칫ȻǸΣСܣʵڲ˼Ҹոȥ˿ƽ¥һˡ
ΣвٵĽӹúҽԺһ¡
پͰܳɸոյ뷨Ͷֱһ¡
ѾȨôڹǿƵĴС£ǸķŸˣԼȫһץ
ֶʱüͷ壺ΣСܣǹǿĿǰֻĸʵģûпʵҳˡ
⣬ӦҲ
ǲʵģһѧоģһǹǹؽ׵ʵˡĿǰнڽſġ
ĿǰǿĸʵģǸ
ܳɵ飬Щ̫ðЭ
ڴĵ飬ΣĿǰڹ滮֮аɣӦûҪһȣܹճطǰɣܳɵ飬ֶ⣬ǿ͹۵ޡ
Ҳ͵˵ͷĵĹ滮ѾڲˣǻҪһʱܹʽӦСҪǴһͷҽԺ֪ôһ¡
ʵҵ飿
Ҫɣǹǹؽ׵ʵ棬ӦûвٵĿɹԴĿǰҽԺȷûµʵҿûгｨĹ滮
Ҫ˵ˣҪҪʵңٿ϶һTM˭
ܳɲһ
ܳɵڹǿרƣ˵ģйʮڣȫػ۵иܳɴ򹤵
Դ
Ҫʵľһ㣬͵ҽԺڼнˣϾҽԺ棬ܹͬʱּʮͬʱչĿģûһ
ȫࡣ
̫ܳˣôᣬֱӰĽʵջȻܳܣҲôģ
ûϵ׽ڣȻҽԺûпʵңҵʱ취ɡ
ѵʵģ񷿣ԶڽʺϿУܰӲʩҲ
Ǽ⡢ʵһģʵҲΪ㡣ܳû֡
ֻô˵δؾҪõֻҪٺͶһ̬ȣǷҪǿѡ
һҪ˵ҪϽͽʵ飬ôҪ
ʵϣܳô㣬Ҳû취
ҽǸ飬ҽԺߵѾʵˣѧУĻһ㶼ѧУͳһţеˣôһ¡
лл׽ڣһһʽġܳҲٱ̬
ȻָܳٽԼ뷨׽ڣĿǰٴСѧ񶼺أԻҪתһ½ҵǼλڡ
һʱ䣬ĳ鲻ʱˣǽԴǾޣ
һĵ֮󣬾ͲϸȥҪ
˭⣬ʹӦʱվ޵ġ
ˣһ˼Ҹ㲻֮ǰܳħʱ򣬷żôݣ㵽ʱҪȥƨɣοգ
ãǹǿƵˣȻǹǿƵĹΪ飬Ҳ˱ְ֮顣ӦӦܳɵ
ҲԼҪ󣺡Сܣҽ㰡Ҫһ顣
֪㲻ʱ绰żͼһҪԸ˺ҽߵĽǶȣϣܹ
Ȼѹʵ̫ˡ˱ȭĶ


İʮ ŶӴ
ܳɲδϻظҲϸ˼ٵ⡣
վԼĽǶȣܳɿ϶ǲԸΪһЩȨҽ֮֮ȥ߷⽨ʱڵ·
Ŵҽǲ͵ģȻôǣʲô飬ҲɱӺҪ
ȻվٵӽǣϴѧҽԺô׵ļ㣬ȴѹҲȷ
ûȻǹǿƵĴΣ֮ǰپǹǿƳԺ˴󲿷ֵѹǸ߸ڿš
ټܳɲظСܣҵ˼ǣҽƻ㻹Ҫģֲ롣
ǲΪݾͷ˭ǲǳ没һԣ
һ仰ܳɵġ
ȷܳΪҽԱϣΪְҵͷǸ˵˱ôΪԼƫӽȥԴҲȷǲʵġ
׽ڣõģܳɷǳϵӦ
ܳɿڣһ˵С仰Ҿͷˡ
СҲģ϶ʲôëƤС£ͻ绰㡣
ȻöǾ˵
һ£СҪǾ¿Ҵ⣬Ȼȥ˴ģҲĹ滮ôΪһ¿ң͸¿ҵӡ

붡ٱʱܳɵüͷ壬ƶܼӡ
֮ǰֻܳΪ˽ڣ˲λǿΣǾˬ
ʵλã治ô¡
ôԣҽɣҲʵ̶ȵѡˣ㹻Ĳ

鷳ҲԵġ
ҪһȽϳĲҪġϡֻܶ࣬Ǽ򵥵ļô򵥡
ȽҪģΣˣҵĹЭ쵼ŶӳԱƶҷչսԺĿ꣬ලӪͲȡ
ĿǰԣҽԺǴָԼԼμ
ϴѧҽԺнڴ飬ڸƣ޽ڴ飬Լϼҽʦƣ൱ԼҪСŶӵˡ
ԼȥֵĲˡ
ĵģҪһرҽŶӣ
һ㣬ֺٱ̬ˣֻܹܳṩһ߮磬ĳ⣬ң߮ǱߣҪܳԼȥ˵
һ߮磬ʵĺˣһ߮ٿԶһá
ǣҽŶӣȥҪԱ϶Ҫࣺܶҽʿʦȡ
ӿҲЩ˵ְܶλǣǿҵĺҵԱҽƷṩʵʩ֤ҽͰȫ
ȻҪԱԴȣڲЭ͹ͨȣ֤Ҹչ
ﲻùܣŶӣҪ˵׽ѧҽԺĸ
Ϊκһطβ񣬻пС̡չµ
ĿŶӣҪܡоԱȣĿĹ滮ʵʩͳɹƹ㣬ҵѧӰͷչʵ
ܳľͷ
ңȷЩ֮󣬴ĻҪƳȥԼĿǰһֲԼ֣֪ˣֱ͡
ҪȥҽԺԽӣԺԼҽƳ棬ʱ涨ҽ桭
ʩǲ򵥡
ﴴģȻҪֳһҡʱסԺλ໤֣λúܶ࣬ҪУһҪֵࡣ
ҵǰԼͽһ˿ã߮硣
ܳɵ˼ƵĳϢ󣬺߮Խӵ绰ʱƣԼŮʫ̤ࡣ
ã磬ֵôãܵеʱҲһϰ
һ˰ɣҪܳ߮磬ЩҪ˵
һŶӣ໥ۣ໥ЭǱҪһΪˣ߮統˦ƹ񣬻ԼȥְλǺҪĶ⡣
߮ڵ绰вܳɸ磬㵱쵼ˣɱˣʲôӰ
սɶһף棡
Ҫ֤дС˵ʱ䣬ҿתȫְġ
߮һ·ҭˡ
֪⣬߮磬ɫһõˣ˵ЩͬѧʲôġԺ֡ܳɽ
У
߮統ͺزмһΪܳɸǴסԺҽʦģͲѧЩء
ҪٴŶӺͿŶӳ׷ֿҲҪǽ֮Ľ⣬Ĵ󻷾ˣҸ޷ʲôܳҲ֪ѧΪ
ѡ˲ţԸǴӸ߸ѡҲôӰ߸ӣ̫С
ãעһ¡
ҪͰԼʱ㿴Ҷల߮û
ʫһԷɣԼ˺þˣҽԺԶӦÿԳܳô˵һ䡣
ǸãͰͶǷ˶ˣ߮˵ûЩ߰ƺԷܳɵҫƵġ
ܳȻٺͰϢ֮󣬾ȥܼˡ
ȻתĸСʱһڴʱ
һ̨µһ̨ת˹ǿƵסԺǣܳɾҡͷ
ȻסԺλò˶ҡͷ
ٿʱ䣬ȻѾࡣ
ŰѾ߮ʫˣܳɸϽ΢ſϢ
ȻȻǿ˰һλ߮ʫӴ˵ŰƬ
ڰϢ֮£һδϢܳһܾöûϵĺѣƣ
ʦãǷƣɳУϴѧҽԺļƣ𣿡Ƶʺ
ƣܳӡ󣬶һΪ̡
Ͼ֮ǰڳҽҽԺһʱǶڿģĻܴ
ȥôɳˣ
ܳɻ˱ңֱƶȻͿص󷽵ķƣ˼ƵһѰɫϡ
Żֻ
ż̧ͷһۣʱÿ֮ܳվ
ʦЩǲеš
ܳɻ󣺡ôˣûȥˮ̶𣿡
ԶܳҲ磬֮ǰ뷽ദҲòֻǲ֪Ϊλȥ˾ż£ٴι
ȥˣʦʦɳеġƵЦ󣬻Щ˼
ܳĿ͸¶ɻ֮ɫ
ʲô˼أֱܳʡ
Ʊ˵ȥʦһʱ䣬Ȼʦͷ֡
Ʋûֱ˵ȴ˫ֵƷƽˡ
ʦһ
ܳĿ˸е˷Ƶ˼žǷƸԼ£ѧĶе࣬ͲȻ໥battle£
ʿ԰

ȻڵĵλȥȻڵİˮ̶ֲʲôˮλ
ԸڰܳҿһۣûַƵ
ʦֻǹһԵĻͬѧͻҵĹҲԲģҲûرĶ
ƽһ䣬Ȼ죬ѹ֪ʦãȻʦ֮ǰǾѧҽԺģڻˮ̶ҽԺ
ðɣ
ܳˣ֮ǰʱܳɾЩɻ󣬲ȻǾѧҽԺҵѧôȥ˻ˮ̶İ
ԲȻԺ϶ûⰡ϶ġ
ֻܳûȥĿǰ󲿷ֵҽԺְ࣬˾ռߡ
Ȼȥ˻ˮ̶϶ҽԺҲûֺãǺԼʦſܲãҲǺҽԺ˲á
ǹƥȥİλҲ޿ģһܳԼиܣΪԼЩĶ˵˻аվ
һΣԼͲˡ
Ļ£Ȼѧܱ˴ֿԲ󣬹ƲȻҲǼз档
߰ɣһȥԷɣ
ϵɡܳɶżƵָ
Щ㵡
߰ɣû¶֪ܳƵļҾãȻţôһ󽫣͵ſڣܳǿ϶Źġ
ܳɴŷƵ˳Էİʱڽ
ɿ˷ƺ߮΢΢һ㶣
ʫЩ⣬ȴʶƣǰϾסſڣС
ʦ㣬λáһһ
߮統ʱˣվҽʮģǶʮ߰ˣ
߮˵ʵ
ڳˣСֻǿ󣬾ʫ߮綼Ҫ󣬷Ҳǵģʮߡ
߮⻰û⣬ʫͲˣһ㶼Ůӵļɻ䡣
߮һ£˵˭أ
㣬ϡ߮ǿ
ܳɵ˷ۣʴӵķƣϲЦ
Ƕͬ䣬Ժͬưɣʦˣ÷ɻ䣡ܳɽǰѳƺ˹ȥ
߮翴ڴȤʵҲǰϲ
֮ܳŲæضŷƿܳɣ磬ôһλ󽫣ô£ģ
Ƶʵ߮ϿɵģرƵʣ߮翴˶þȡ
һ֪߰˰ˣǸǿס࣬ҲһܳƵBTרҵסࡣ
ƵĲʿûӡ
ԼģҪһʱ䡣ðԺǾͿְˡܳİϲ
ѷƵʵѾ̧ߵ˺ܸߵĵز
⻰ʫüͷһĿƵؿ˷ơ
߮츳ʵܳߣ߮Լ˵˺ܶΣǿףƣ
Ȼܹܳɺֵ߮࣬϶Сﰡ
СŮ𣿡ʫ굱ʡ
ȴͣμ棬ôҲûҪһԼһۡ
Ƶͷʫ㣬ˣĿǰҲɳС
ô˵ܳɱһʣɳУŮҪİɣ
ҡҡͷǵģʦҹġʦ
Ůͬ𣿡
ǱͬаɡҲǹǿƵоô˵


İʮ ͷpkС
ûɣǾÿʼ߮ܳɼ˳Թ֮󣬰ʫԼһȥˡ
ܳɾ߮˼ƵϢŷһǿһŶӳεʽᣡ
Ȼ߮һbattleǾǰڴҶͬλְԺʱҲҪһ档
Ҳ֮ǰѧ׶Ρ
ʱ򣬹ڼ䣬ѧԼʵŶ˭Ҫͷǰһ滮Լ
Լķʽܼ򵥣Ǿǽѧbattleûǰ׼ʱ䡣
ԣϽ˵ʦ߮磬ܲԵһ£һֽһ±ʼǡ
Լܳɺ߮˼άʱĪҲԻȥٴĥһʱ䡣
˵ҪôʼôȷһȽϺõַ̽أܳΪ߮Ľ鲻
ңܳɺٺ߮âǰһֱ߮ߣ߮Ҫз뷨ܳ⡣
ңܳҲ֧һ֡ԼսʽǾǱƴ֪ʶ¡
ȷƾ޾ݵؾ߮Լ£Ҳá
ҶǴƵģסˡȣǾͲϸˣѡһ֮Ĺǿƻ⡣
ڱȽϳһʽȫŹؽûȫŹؽûһMITHAҾ⣬չǰȷ棬Ȼһ⡣
÷УһֶۣˣԺЭҿչٴǿУˡҲһ
ҲܹƽͿ֪ʶ߮˵úʽ
ãܳɺԥؾʹӦ
ûȥǱʼǵʱ䣬Ƶ֪ʶԱȽٵģһŷӦMITHAʲô˼
΢ȫŹؽûMinimally Invasive Total Hip ArthroplastyMITHA
еţĿǰδչҵҲ岢ΪȫŹؽûѾǳˡ
ܳ˼ʮ룬΢֯һԣMITHAһȫŹؽûʹõ¼΢봫ͳȣԼʹ̿ںͽͲ֢ķա
MITHAҪصпڸСʹõĹߺеӾϸʹûʹ١ָ죬ҪסԺʱ̡MITHA֯Ĵ˸СпںҲСڻߵۺҸоҲкô
MITHAʹõеӾϸѶȺͷҲӣҪˮƽļ;顣⣬MITHAĳɱԽϸߣܻҽƷõĸ
ˣҪڹڹ㷺ӦãЩѶȡܳȴȫͳ㿪⡣
߮ȻȣMITHAսƣ˵ܺŪȥMITHAĻЩ
߮ȻշȴԭʼĲ֡
ܳɺԥػش𣺡΢е΢ʹͷǾ⡢ǯꡢȡ嶨λϵͳھȷλеλ׼ȷԡ
Źؽû塣Щԭʼϡ
MITHAͨͨСпڽһпڷ嶨λϵͳһпڷеͼ塣ܳɲûаȫ˵˷Ѵʱ䡣
ƣMITHAеӾϸѶȺͷҲӡѧϰڸûָš
пڸСҰҲܵơܻӰľȷȺͰȫԡ⣬ĳЩ˵MITHAܲʺϣֻߡ껼ߺ͹ɻߵȡ
ɱԽϸߣߵľɱȽϸߡ
߮ٴεͷ΢һܳɵĻشʡԲ֣òˡĻشȻûдﵽ߮ܳɵҪ
ûޣֻصĸѡ
΢еˣз븴ӣǾԼѧĶ˷ܣҲΪԼѧĶ٣ԱȽʧ䣡
MITHAλϵͳķչ̺ĿǰоչҪ㷺ڹʹõĻøôͳɱ
ܳüͷ壬ʼٵص֪ʶ˺ܾõģ⣬治һܻش2080ĩʼʹüŹؽûڵĶλϵͳù̽жλ䶨λȺȶԽϲ
90˲ùѧжλĶλϵͳ侫ȺȶԵõߡ
21ͳԶλϵͳʼӦŹؽûϵͳôԴжλ侫ȺȶԵõ˽һߡ
һЩоʼԽ˼MITHAλϵͳϣһЩƹܵŹؽûˡЩܹʵָӾȷŹؽûɱͼѶȽϸߣҪһо͸Ľ
ĿǰоչҪڽһMITHAλϵͳľȺȶԣ̽µĲϺͼڼƺֲ룬Ľ̺ͰȫԵȷ档
߮ҡͷչ㹻ϸˣоչϸ
ȺȶԣӦ÷ֱ߮͡ӴѶȡ
κһ⣬ֻҪ룬ͻ뵽һ޽Ĳ棬һ޽⣬϶ܹ֪ʶϵıԵ
ѧbattle
ھȣ
ȵߣMITHAλϵͳʹõĴǶλȵĹؼ֮һͨĽƺ칤գ˴ľȺȶԡ磬ʹʹóλòԴﵽߵĶλȡ
λ㷨ĸĽMITHAλϵͳͨ㷨ɼתΪҪλϢĿǰоԱҪͨĽλ㷨MITHAλϵͳĶλȡ磬㷨ѧϰ㷨߶Թ͹ɹλõʶ𾫶ȡ
άؽӦãάؽԽάͼؽάģͣжԹ͹ɹλõʶ𾫶ȡ磺άؽӦMITHAλϵͳУ߶λȡ
ʵʱλ͵ķչʵʱλ͵жԻߵλú̬ʵʱ٣Ӷ߶λȡĿǰоMITHAϵ;
ȶԣ
˿ƼĸĽ㷨Ѿ˵
MITHAλϵͳӲȶԵĹؼ֮һҪȽĴִMITHAλϵͳľȺȶԡ
˻ĸĽMITHAλϵͳ˻ȶԵĹؼ֮һ
漼Ӧã漼ԶMITHAλϵͳԣӶǰⲢиĽȶԺ;ȡ
߮翴˷һַۣѾ±ˣ
ǲİĿǰӲ֪ʶͿĻ΢еǷȱ
ϣֻĿǰоչܳԼ˼·
Ҫ㷺ӦõҹٴǱҪԼȥΪʵMITHAӦõָʲôҪôȥչ߮ʡŹܳɡ
˼MITHAϡ
˸ǿ˿ԸݻߵCTͼݣԶ滮·оȷĵͶλ
MITHAλϵͳ˼Ľʹÿľȡ˿ԸԤȽĹģͺCTͼݣԶ滮·оȷĵͶλгƫľȺͰȫԡ
MITHAλϵͳ˼ĽʹÿԼ˿ԶִһЩظԡĲиĥƽͷӶҽĹЧʡ
Ӧ÷ΧMITHAλϵͳ˼ĽʹÿӦ÷Χ磬ڸӵĹǿУ˿԰ҽɸӸӵĲάؽиڲ̶ȡǿӦ÷ΧĳɹʺͰȫԡ
ؽûˣؽûǹǿ˼õӦ֮һ˿ԸݻߵCTͼݣԶ滮·оȷĵͶλҽĿǰѾжֹؽûٴӦȡһĳɹ
ǰҪȥչMITHAȺȶԵķ棬ǹҲһԾϣ㷨棬ûô࣬ҲҲʵ˲Ŵ
ˣֻܿӦãǵļ򣬻Ƿȱ
Ρ
СʱܳɷԼ뷨
߮һƣΪܳ˵ô
ܳɽ꣬Ʊųһ⻰Ͻ֪롣
ĿǰѾļƶ֪һھûУƴȥ
˵飬˽̫٣֪ʶ̫խ
Ǻǡֱ׵ػһЦ
ҾýûٰƣĿǰķչˡ߮ͷʾϿɡ
ܳȴúϧ
΢ȫŹؽû˵Эû˲ǰվĻչʾˣĿǰν΢ȫŹؽûഺ档
ʱľԣ֮ǰܳڳеʱ򣬺۹⣬ҲֻܹһСǶȥоҪΧչü򣬸һرĶС
߮磬ҲһڹؽƵɡܳɻ꣬׼ȥ
ģոһͷԷ籩ӶҪը߮ܣ
ܸ߮ɴࣺܳɸ磬䣡
ţƣðɡ
ʲôҶ䡣߮ˣ
ܳɿ߮磬еˡ
߮Цժ֮ǰ߰ıܳɸ磬ⲻҲҪȷһ£Ŷٸǿ
߮˴Ĵָ
û취ܳɵ֪ʶ̫ԼôҲ綼ûҵԼǱܳʣ¶ţЩˡ
߮ҲͿˣ֪ԼԺ·
ôһ飬֮ңֻ˵һν㣬ܳʤԺԼҪʱ򣬾ҵˡ
ܹҵһѧԻˣ£
ŶӴͷpkͽвȥ˰


İʮ ڵ
ʦ߮硣ҾȻȥ˰ܳɺ߮battleָ֮˳ƺġ
һ߮粢û˵ưͽеô˵顣
ŷ뿪߮ͽڿ˼άϣǴڲٶ̰ġƵ츳ʵһؽ
Ҳƾ̶ʱ֪Ͷˣ֮ǰ˶ʿжٿ˼ά
֮ǰһʱܳô߮˵ϣܹ߮һЩʱ䣬
ҲؽǴվõġ
ֵࣿϻˡ߮ûϾᣬֻô뿪
ʫ밲ȥˣҪһӺȵˡ
ܳɾ˵˰ҵϢһ
ˣ߮磬ѧĿûУܳͻȻһ졣
߮ܳͬ죬߮ҲܴѧģܳɵĴͬȣԼݶ߮Ǳ߻пȱܳɵã֮ǰڿʵϰʵϰҲ
֪ʱԵʱѡɡ߮뿪

֮߮ܳϸµһһ߮⣬Ц⡣
߮˼Ǻ뷨˵ʵ˼ϸúܡ
ԼҲûôĻʲôǰʱɣ߮дС˵˼άܻԼشϴԽ
ܳԼû˵©ģܳԼôΪġ
ܳϸڴ˸绰ιڸ磬𣿡
ܳǹǿפﴴĵֵ࣬˼԰ѼסԺֻҪִ˵ļﲡ˼ɡ
ԭµ飬ܳɲʮؾͰԭ뼸ദ
ǿһƽǿƶڡǿǿĲȲ֡ǿ岡ףϵסԺˣһࡣ
ǸһЩڼﰲŲ£ܳɲźǰæͨʱһ㶼ܳԼ鶥
ȻҪȫɱҲҪȥ
֮ǰʱܳɾͰﲡ˷ָ˻ں
Ǳ߾ǹؽλʹˣƽһ̨ѶȲС崴ܳɾ֪費Ҫæĵط
סԺǿˣ˲Ϊѿˣһһ𵣣ʱڣôʱ
ֻҪסԺŬϽԺгΪߺͽڵʱ
ˣҽѾйһƵĳͥҵ̨ˣص񾭺ʹˣʱͻ鷳
绰һͷ˳ͥҵϤСܰҪǲĵĻҲԹָһ¡
ͥҵˬֿԽڶ¼ҽ
̾ͱ͡
ܳɸϽأ½ڣҸѧϰһ£
Ҫ˵ƵĵͥҵƱȲܳɣǳ½ھϵҲܳɲ٣
ͱ˰ɣһġͥҵֱԲ䡣
ܳõ飬Ҷ֪ܳɻǹǿƵģҽڶܳɵ磬ˮ¥̨лʵ£ܳһһ⡣
ǳ飬ңͥҵҲüϡ񾭷ϻƵ滮ȻĿռ䡣
ֻҪҺýǶȡ
½ڣһǹɡܳһЩͥҵڵֱס
ܳϸȥң·ϸϢ
û£ȥϰɡҺʫȥһlvİ˵
ܳɿϢʶֶһ£¿ǴӣݳƷ
һֻҪףҲܹܡ
ÿĵ㡣ܳɻϢȻָ˻˸绰֮ǰֻ顣
ֻǣܳô˵ʱ˻˵Сܣ֮ǰǲֻȫѾ⵽ˡֻĿǰûжԡ
֮ԲֱӸ㣬û֮ǰֻţҲǹⲻ㡣
֮ǰҲ㽲ҲڲĵϢ
ܳ⻰ŭȫɢһա
ֻˣʲôʱ飿ܳԼ֪£Ҳ治ųĿܡ
ܳɶͨѶ֪ôࡣ
ʲôʱ飬ǲ֪ǵȷֻмĹУδ֪ºԴ
ڴˣڶں⼸ۣҪҪһʵĹ䣬֣÷ҽǵĽ
ҽҽԺڹϣһЩȽ˽ܵϢ˵顢ĵȲϣ߲U̱ȽϷ㡣˻˵
õģʦллˡܳﲢǡ
ҪĻߵľ߻һЩȽҪϢҲˡ
½Ǭݶڱ˲飬йܳɲҴ⡣
ҹ˻޵ķʸ
ܳҲɻ˵ֻ׸ȥˡ
ҽֻϢйصϺļǶѾעˣһЩҪappϵĻֱ֤µ¼ɣҲкҪĻ߿԰ϵ
ϣ̫š˻̬
һŵ磬ܱݣͬҲһЩա
Ƕ˵ĵڲҲųвǱһ鶼˿̽

ܳɺܿ͵ͥҵһܳɣǳк̨ܳ
̨֮ܳ󣬾ϾˣʼѯܳһЩڼһչ滮
ƷϼڼӦõһչǰ֮ǰܳɵĳķߣǺãûнһķչռ䣬Ųõϡ
Щ⣬Ҫȥһһ֤ġ
ͥҵһǳ࣬ұźϽǫ̬ܳڽѧ
ԣһֲѧʢ磬ңм䣬绰ƽҲϵҡ
ƽƳģƱңΪġ
֮ϴֶϴˣϴ̨·ʱ򱻽ͣ
ȻͥҵܳɶԻĹУʮƽ˲ɫ
֮ǰڵһЩܳէëͷСӣȻܹΪסԺϼƽһסԺҽʦְƣҲоƽ
ڣƽԺжֽڵ뷨
ܳ˵һЩ˼·ڳͥҵﶼø⾪ƽȻһ;Ϊˣ
ԭƻôԷչķԭƵļôľԡ
ܳʱٴҽѧ˵еҽѧžԣΪĿǰûκһ֣ڣܹٷְȫ
ͳΪĹΨһȫĲ֣ʵҲȫϡ
ӽβʱ򣬳ͥҵطе
Ȼʶ˵ڡƽһ°ɡ
Ծ˵½ڣԹˡ
ɬܳĽлɽ۽㵹ǰѷϵĻ̽໥Խ̡
Ī˵Ƿˣܳɸˣϸƨ
ͥҵԾδܳǰͣ½ڣʱҲˣˣЩȥϢɡ
ͥҵļʱ壬Ѿ賿ʮʮ֡
Ӵʱ仹治ˡ
ǵûȥˣȻǵʦĸҪġͥҵʱ䣬ϴҴ˳ȥ
ܳʣڸ磬ƽ磬½ڣƽʱͦѧɵİ
ƽûϼ˵עصǽѧٽעصŶӣ½עصǿ˼άڿнʱ򣬳½ڵȷĲ
ھ˵Ϊܹѧʱ򷢲õͼƬ½ڳ˼ʮ豸
ѧʱͼƬĳݣָӷḻϽ
Ŀ¹ˡ
ˣλ磬пǳԷܳбǸ˵
ϾܾСǿֵ˲ǣ
ƽҲ̬֣Ǽѵܵúúþ۾ۡ
עؿеĳͥҵܷ̣ܳƽƾʲôأ
пǿշ£ҲĸӸ߾ļ
Ǿô˵ˣʱҶһ𡣡ܳɼȻҪôĵ飬Ժ˵ҪЩסԺæС
ǰ˼ʹϵʱҡ˾͸ӷ㡣
ǰæ֮ԼܹиʱȥĶ
ңһ֮ԼǸ۵ʵӦãҲ滮ˡ
ڽѧʵоҽԺҽԺǱ֣βǻоͷչıʣѧԵ
öηչ
һһʵǰߣܹƶҵ
ҪѧҪϿɵĶǲ²ƾ죬ͺñȣһҪϿɣȻƹ㣡
Ⱦˣٷչѧƹ㡣
ܳڵ˼·
µҲҪѧҲҪʵôᡣ

յʱܳڼһȽϼ򵥵Ĺؽλ֮󣬱ӭһ֮͡
˺Ȼ˿Ƶڡ
һʮĸŮϿԿóƣɣ
˿ǿЦݣҽæҲͦİ
ڵĻȻܳȴе飬˵ԼĲ˴ӶԷ˹һ̶˶Էķ롣
˵Լǿ˲·ɱ˸ĸ
ڣЩæҪȥ칫ҵһϴ־͹ܳһףһ߽顣


İʮ ˵Ĳ̫
ڣ˼õˡܳϢʱ÷վδ
ҽ칫ңƵҽ칫ҴǴ󺺣˿ƣΪ󲿷Ůͬ־ĴڣϢҡ
ҽðãŵĹ÷Цеȣûзļϵƺϸʮºۼ
ܳɸ÷һˮ˵ڣûа칫ңԾûгҶдˣڶൣ
ˮͦõģһȲ߲衣÷һ߿ؽӹˮһϣҲǾһֱվܳɶԻ̫á
ܳΪСҲ΢һ°״Ӻʣ֪ңǲΪ֮ǰᣬʱҳէҽԺڲ̫Ϥçײڱǡ
ܳҲã˿ĿǰȷǴΪȣԴϴѧҽԺݿƵ֮˿ݵҵΧҲ˵ġ
Ƥרƣȥ֮֫⣬طƤ岻󣬶౻ڸǣҪ˼١
˲չԭȷٺܶ࣬񣬵ȷ˿Ҫת֮٣
ҽô˵ͲˣҶҽߣҲΪıЩĻߵ˹ƺԤ͹תá
һЩǿһΪ޲ߵġ÷Цзе˼
ܳһлڶǿҲ˵ú͹ա
÷һ㶣ؿ˿ܳɣܳɱֳĳʣԶθеġ
÷֪ԼҪܳҵ©ѶȣҲֱ⣺ҽʵҹҽһġ
˵ܳĿޣȴн䱸
÷²϶ǴĿĶġ
ʵӵģ֪ҽҩǷ˽أ÷뺬ؽš
ܳɵͷ֪ܲڣĿǰõпҩ࣬Bùء
вģҩͪ򡢿ù
õҩٽѪƤӣVEGF͹̬ףBMP
ıʪء֬͡ȡ
ķϰ޾ϡˮϡϵȡ
ܳɺԥػأЩԭٲ֡
÷ܳô˵˲ЦҽȻҩ˽ôҲЧġ
ҽʵģǿŶӣҲпһ࣬ҩЧǲģҩɷ֣ĹУǺЧ
ֻУûЩ˱Ѿתǿƣ룬ҽܲһǿҵࡣ
ұ֤ҩƵĹУղκηá޳ṩģֻҪɼһЩٴԤݡ
ܳĿһû²⵽Ȼ÷ôҪ
÷׷ڵЧ
࣬˿Ƶʱ÷ûõϣܳɶţ
ˣЧ÷Ϊⲻǿ⣬Ĳȱ
ԣƵٴоתƵܳڵĹǿܳڵЧԤͲ
൱Яҩʦ̧һ֡
ܳɿޱ׶ˣֻ˳ɣ
Ӫ£ϴѧҽԺȴûЧ
÷ֱԣϣҽԸĻ˿Ը֧һֿоҽӦõġ
ðɣ
ܳɴδԼһҪΣڱԺ֮ͬУһһڡ
ܳɷǳ÷⣬ֻΪ׬ǮʵԣûǮ׬ǣܹؿһҩӦ֣Īˡ
÷
ڣҲ֪ٴҽѧģ˶ҽҩѧر˽⡣
ĿǰٴҽѧУҩЧоУҪӵֱӦûǲĴ̼ƵŨߣá
ٽѪƤӣVEGFVEGFһӣܹٽѪܵγɺ֯޸VEGFԴ̼ƤϸͷֻѪܵ֯޸ˣVEGFΪҩ֮һ
̬ףBMPBMPһӣܹٽϸֳֻ͹֯γɡУBMPԴ̼Ƥ֯͹ϸͷֻٽ¹ǵγɺ޸ϡ
ƤӣEGFEGFһӣܹٽƤϸͷֻӱƤĺȺǿȣƤ޸УEGFԴٽƤϸͷֻ֯޸ϡ
˵࣬ЧУǷмֲȫأ
ܳΪܾ÷ҿѡ
ܳɵʵҪֱӻؾܣǿǿ֪ʶ÷ȴ
ĿǰһЩҩгҩڲ˵ӦùУܹ⵽ڵһЩӻŨߡ
÷Ц΢ϻܳɵ⣺ҽòƶҽҩһƫⰡ
ҽִҽѧֲͬѧƣҪִҽѧ֤ʽȥҽԼҩ֤Щ᱾ĩˡ
һ;ҽѧԭͲ̫һԣҽ˵Щνͨ·һҲûʵ
÷˵꣬Ŀƿܳɡ
氵ɱִĻ˵ҽЧҽã˵ҽҩҪִ˼άȥ⣬Ҫеȥ⣬ôǱľ֡
˶ΪΪҽԡ
ҽĿǰۡ
մڹ۷˼ܳɣԼܵѹС
ܳɵͷ
ҩõķ罫ҩҩҺͿλһסֹʹٽϵáõҩлưءػơơȡ
ҩڷҩڷƿԸߵȫڴлܣڣԼôġ
õҩлΡ˲Ρ顢轵ȡ
ҩҩǽҩĩҩλͨҩֱ͸ôٽϡõҩлˡȡ
֪˵࣬һأܳɵЦһ㶼żҲŲҡ
ܳ⻰÷ɫʼ΢š
ܳٴҽѧͬˣ࣬ǽһλҴҽҩԼ˸ȻټһЩӵĳɷֽȥ
ͨʱ򣬻ȷЧ
ҽѧۣ÷ﶮôࣿ
ҽǲǿʶӦøҩ÷Ͻء
÷ܳüͷһ壬ʡ
ҩͷǲ̫һġ
Ƿ÷Ͻ䡣
ܳȥ˵Ŀǰ˽⵽ҽ÷лƾͿȡĩ30ˣľƾƳɻƾͿͿסֹʹٽϵá
͸ࣺȡ顢ܺơưءܡݵҩгϸĩֲɺ͸ࡣøȽⶾֹʹٽϵá
ҶȡҶ̺λȽⶾֹʹá
۷ȡĩˮƳɲۺȻͿλסֹʹٽϵá
˵ܳɼ˵Ȼ÷֮⣬һЩڷҩҲЧЩڷҩǷЧ
ʱδ֤
ʮζ裺÷Ҫ޲ʡɽҩߵȶҩɣнƢȽⶾˮ׵ȹЧ򲡻߰顢ˮ׵֢״
߽ңҩҪ߷ƳɣлѪٽ˿ϵã˿ϻĻߡ
οڷҺҩҪɿΡưصҩɣȽⶾ׵ã򲡻߰иȾ֢״
ε裺ҩҪɵΡߡʵҩɣлѪ硢ٽϵã˿ơ

÷Ц𽥽
ܣҽ˵ģҽ̫˽⣿÷ںΣΪܳɽٴҽѧо޹ء
ҽҩѧ֪ʶȫЩҩ
ڣұٴҽѧģֻǶҽҩѧ˽⣬ҵı˵ҸƫԼһִҽѧҽ
ҽԣŶ㲻ϡ
֮ǰڳУһҽĶӣҲλ̵ֽܳĹУܳ˶ʱģ⣬ֻǻԽչҲһ˶ҽ˽⡣
˼ҽ˼
ٴӦãܻ˻÷Ͻ̬Ȼվߡ
벻еˣöԷᣬһеˣҪԷǿǾǿˡ
ң֪߳׼ƣȡ衣
ܳ˵ڣҵ˼ĿǰҽҩٴеӦãڴĿհ̰塣ҽҩԼҽ˼·һӴĹ屦ȡ֮֮ߡ
ȴҪ룬Ҹո˵ЩȷǱҩڲоһ
Чܳɲ½ЧܳɰæǾıƺ
ԭ⡣


İʮ ༭
Բεģͬʱڵ㣬עһҹʱһڵĹ
JAMAı༭༭˹ֻǱ༭еһλ
Ϊڿ־ı༭ҪĹ塢պ;ܾˣҪпܽз壬ϸأġ
ŵ˵ÿͶJAMA¶ٷ⣬Ḷ́ʮַߵġ
JAMAΪҽѧĴڿ֮һܵѡ·ͶϸģǱҪ顣
ͺ󣬿˹־Ͷ̨
ȻѡһƪͶģûüĵ³壬ġ
ȻģûüĵģʵҲһǰˡ༭мʮ༭Ž˵Ĺ
༭ǰ塣
ܹ£ɨ˼֮󣬿ѡܾ
һƪ£ʱҪһ꣬ѣǳ˽ṹԵĴԵ©ֱӾܸ塣
µͶ壬ȻǴĿʼġ
ƣ
ͶJAMA
⵽զİ
ĿЩˮ˹Ŀʱüͷһ塣
Ȼٿ˿߼Ͷ͹Ĺҡ

ˡ
˹Ѿƪ£˸ŵӡ
˵ʵԻĸӣеsciڿϣǻᱻɫɫʵģϾȫ緶ΧڣȻֻлһЩѧٵ
һʮѧģĻڷչڵĻ
ѧ٣Žֹ
гϮģȡɹģв֮ͬ˺ƵģеĿѧûŪȻͷٲѧġ
һġ
ˣúܶ༭˶Ϥһֻѧ߻⣬һߣǶǻɫ۾ȥġ
Ͻĵ̬ȡ
˹ӣϸϸ
ժҪͷ֣һƪ£е˼
ֻ䣬ΪۣһЩ﷨Ҳرصǣݣȷÿ˹Ȥˡ
ϸϸȥ
˹֮󣬶ʱͱסˡ
һƪдúòãۡ
ܲסˣǾҪˡ
ƪ۵дַնԣ٣˹ԼǱе۾ݺ۵סˡ
룬вθС
ǹһ¶ȥȤϸ
ǿ߼ټѰҵʵ۾֮˸Ȥ۵㡣
һƪܺõˡ
¶
һʵĸо
ţʡ
ֻ۵Ļ˹ãƪ£㷢JAMAJAMAӿҲΪġ
Ȼ󣬿˹ϸϸؿʼĶŷͽ
֣Լ̵ĲԣɶʵֻҪҵûд󣬹Ͻɡ
˹ʼͣصͷ
ȻͷͿʼˣȻȥĽĹԼݵȷԣǣӴıݣǸӶĽǶȡѧţN
֮ģһЩͳԵͼȻӴϿǳÿϸ£ʮַḻ
ɿ˹ãЩͼԳ¿ԱϢ
Ȼò׷˵һҳٿڶҳ͵ҳʱ
˹Ϳʼץͷˣ
OhMy God˭ںҿЦô
ôͳݣ
٣ǧԭʼݣ
ݣҲмǧ
˭ܸң⵽˭ںҿЦѵϵһŶͼô
һǳӴĿ⣿
ʱ򣬿˹רŰϷ˿ߵ֡
ZhouCheng
˹ãˣӦòĬĬŵ˲ŶԡĬĬŵ˲ӦͶĸӡ
ǣʼ˽
Ⱦǿܳɷ£µ١
Կ˹ͳ˽ȥ

Сʱ
˹֮
˹˲á
ˣǰֱύȥɡƪµˣҪĻ˶ɵɵš
ǣ˹Ͱƪ£ֱӷȻ˱ע˼һƪ£޽ṹԴ߼Ժǿֱ󡣡
ƪ꣬˹ͿʼһƪԽԽ
ͣشţôдʲô
߼ˣ
ؼĽṹû

࣬һ־ĸˣյ½иͬеרңרҵ
죬˹ȴЩͷʹ
ÿһ죬зҪ£
첻֪ôģôһ¡
ͬʱƪ²˵ƪµߣͬһˡ
˵ЦĻ˹ýǲ˽ڡֻǣƪɲͬı༭Ⱥʵ֤Ц
ǣԼı༭༭ͬһʱͬһߵƪͬ£ҶƼ
ͨһ㣬˹Ҳʼ¡
Ȼ˹뵽ȥˡ
Сʱ֮˹оԼˡ
⵽ʲô
ǳְҵܡ
˹ƪ£ֱ𷢸JAMA־кļλͳѧĴС
һ˳·˿Ƶļλڡ
һЩرרҵԵĶҪƪдʵԣٴϣǷ塣
Ļ
ֻһƪ룬ٴϸвͨ۵£JAMAҲǲҪġ
ͬʱΪϽ

һ졣
һλɵѧϵרңܲɵأͬʱյƪ־ĸµ
ɿƪµʱͷЩ
һҽѧϵ¡
ʱɾЩץյºͣڰ칫ҴЩ־ı༭ǳԸɷô
ô򵥵ĶҲ͹ģֱ˷ҵʱ䡣
Ƕ谭ҵѧչ
Ҳû취־̫þܾ
ǹϵԴ
Ȼ򵥣ɾãСʱƪ׵֤Ȼܹöġ
һСʱ
ɻһƪУ˼
Сʱ
ɷñڽż㡣
Сʱɻͬһƪеģﲻͣش
ģôˣûã
ݱ⣿
ûҵȷ֮ǰҲжǴġ
ǣϵ۰ңݴͼΣΪʲôҽѧ־ѧ־
ôӵĶǶŶӼİ
Ҿ£ܶҪӰࡣ


ɸӲҵǡ
һλͳѧĽʼҲǺͬ뷨
ɵ˺棬Ƿ֣ԼΪóRԶݽдģô죿
ôЩͼ
ôģ
Щı༭ǳʺôô֪ߵԴҪ
ҵͷ̫ô

һ֮ɸJAMA༭˻ظ
ƪ£Ӧ
ǣɽ˻ظ
ѧѧרңٴθ󡣴ӹǿƺ͹ؽƵĽǶȣʮƼܵƪڹ־Ϸ

Сʱ֮
JAMA־༭оԼͷһδˡ
ԼȥרҵĽ飬ԭأһı顣
ؽڿƵѧѧ
ƵĽȥͳѧ
ͳѧĽȥѧѧϵ
ѧϵҲѧ
ѧѧеѧ
ϵۣǲô
ҿΪʵͽ

˹ջѡ˷뷨Ȼֱͨϵԭߡ
ԭҲϵذе֤̣ȫһͶ˹Ϊļ
ֻǣ˹غ˲ļ֮
оԼûˡ
ԭʼݣʮ̣ͬͳݣй̣нһвͬ׶εݡ
˹ãƪº͸˲ˣ
Ҫ֪ݺͼԼָͼΣǾ˴֮ģȽϺĶݣԼ˵һЩǸɵˣǰЩԭʼݸŪĻô
ʱҪƶпܡ
ǣ˹ǳеز׽Ŀ֮ӴĽӰ֮޴
㣬ȥݷһܳɣȻܳԼԼµ˱༭Ϊܳɿ϶˽Լµˡ
ΪԼ־⵼ƪµʧ־ǳһʧ
ֻǣ˹ãΪϽԣ˹һεϵܳɣװܣ㷢ºԭʼǱ༭ѾˣźǣҪܳһʱݽУԺˡ
Уϣܹĵصȴ
ǻɱ༭ϵϵַʵô
ܳɿ˹Ϣʱһ㶡
ܳɻΪ༭ҪʲôأϾ˽JAMAͶḶ́ʮַģмܻᾭʮϰٴεĸĸ壬ϣܹܳ׼
༭ҪɳУʲô˼
ͨѶַʵģͨҵϵҡܳɻǿػص
Ȼ졣
˹˹תһ˷ɻɳغ󣬴ϴѧҽԺڵĵַ֮
˹Ϳ˹ʹҽԺûһܳɵˣʱϵߵ֮࣬ǰڷɻϣܸܳɷ䣬·ɻ󣬷ܳɲûлء
Ǳ¶Լ֮󣬲ҸǿԼ֤󣬼ЩҴææصһʱJAMA༭ܱܳɵϢϱȥ


İʮ 
ܳɴ˿ڼƵϢ½Ǭͨ½Ǭϵġ
½ǬΪͰʣСܰǲǸJAMA༭Ͷһƪ°󿵸ۺоġҿͨѶַG
½ʦǱߵı༭ҵ˰ܳЦŻء
ҪڵĹ̫ˣԾ۵ʱְƺáܳɸպðϵıͶȥдʱ򣬾Ե
Ŀˣƻᱻ˾й
ȻһƪJAMAѹǾͲһˡڿһҲûƪȫǳڴŶӺʹרҽڣ
һȼڿ˸֮١
ţҲ
JAMA༭Ҳŷң壬ǿЩͷʵյǲú㵥ϵġֻʶҲ
ݷ棬еӴ󰡣Ͳ֪ռġȻʶ½Ǭϵʱ򣬻ǼΪʽ
ҪһƪµĺЩ̫ߣ֤ȷܹıҽѧķչ֪д̿ҲкܴĿԡ
֮
Ȼһԭǣ½Ǭ֪֮ܳҪƪ£ȥΪԼשߵĿ֮⣬ƾǸġ
ܳҪ֤߸½Ǭݺһ׿ƣݿѭֺĹɡ
ǺãҲ˵൱һ͹۵֤ݣͬннӲͨ
ֻͨͬнʱ򣬺ѵףҪרҵԱ롣
õķʽͨڿԴȥҵרҽ飬ݵĴ߼Ƿȵȡ
һõ֤ʵʹİû̫ġ
ݿ͹ʵĻô˻۵֧ţ֪УȽĲ֣ҲǶ۵ƶ
½ʦݵĴĻһԴ֮ǰҽĲаȣһ棬ԴڻѧۣһЩԼء뼡άȵı
֬ΧıͨģӦû⣬覴õĻϣ½ʦָܹźð
ȻҲϣһܹʦĻָ棡ܳԡ
½ǬݿѡţΪ½ǬҲǶĹǿƽڣԼĿܳɾԼбҪһ½ǬݣԼƵĿǶҽΪʺϵġ
½ǬûиȽ߼ϵ£ûĿѵġ
ֻȻŽ
˰Сܡ
ô˵Ҷ͸ˣΪ֮£֮ǰЩ£߼ݴη棬һȣǲЩΡ
ٴεسֿ뵽ǵĽ֢ƵзŶ棬֪Сʲôأ½Ǭٴ֦
½ʦҸ岻ݴǡҶԽ֢˽ⶼ룬ҲûǰڵĻ
µӦо̰½ʦŶӿ϶綥ģҲͳ˶̰ô
һԵĿ½ʦԾԼĻ㹻֮½ʦ̣Ÿ׵һЩ
֪֮Ϊ֪֮ܳɵ̬Ȼǲ䡣
û취˶˽ģܳɲðŷȥٴʲôڽ֢оĴչ
ڻǲУ۲
ţҲиȡ
ÿһ飬ʣʴۺ֣̾ͿԵġ
ҲҪĻۡ
УǾô˵˰Ҹһͷĸл߳Ժ֮һŰݷллС㣡½Ǭݵʽ
ȻܳҲ˵ģȻĻܳûбҪô󹤷ôһ
ңܹܳóôۣܳǰоǰڲϢϢأо͸
ǰȰȻڶ棬ܻ˳֡
½ʦˡ
´ħʱݷæһ绰ܳɸϽǸ
½Ǭٺһ䣬͹ϹҶ˵绰
½ǬһȽˣ֪ܳڳеֵҪٴ˵ģûٶൢ顣
ֻڹҶϵ绰֮½ǬݾͶ˵СܻǺˣ֮ǰƵ׿ɵ㣬ڶкóˡ
Էˡ飬һһ
ҲͷһΪʲôҪ߹˻Ǽ£
ʲô
20160506ޣ˵ҧгݡ
ְǶ½ǬҲãǶҲãǾмΪҪġ
ñ֪½Ǭݾô׵ת߸˵ˡ
ʱ̫£ĵһ⡣
½ǬݳĬ
ã˵ҲΪҳ̫࣬Ļᶼûˡ
ҶԼķȵģ㲻ܵս
ֻǸ˲ֿ԰û뵽
Բ𡣡
ΪʲôҪңʣʼЩв
½ǬݼĬһȻػأΪ½ǬݸˣˣӦ½ǬݣˣҲӦý½Ǭˡ
ǽѿǣû취
㻹ûߵһ㲻ˡ
Ǹüͷһ塣
Ǹֲ˵½Ǭݡ½Ǭݺƶô˵

ͬʱɳУƵֵ
ܳɽӵĵ绰Թ˻
˻ܼࣺҽȻϣע⵽㡣
뷨̽ûġ
˹Ϳ˹Ѿ뾳Ϣڹ˻ˡο˻һֱڹע顣
ܳɸ˻һ飬Ǿһƪ˵ķӦ
Ϊյһ༭ˣȥԭȥĵ飬ܳɸݣȻȽѴҲûܴ
Ѷȣ˵϶Է᲻û룬ǰ̽
ȻǺԵġ
ʦˡԺҪµĻСһЩˡ
Ŀǰ棬׹ӢռегݶģǵĳҲܴЩҩռҩгĸ
΢ҡ֮󣬻ǻСġܳɸп
ǣͨ˻ͨϵͳٷȥģ˳ָԵػɵϡ
ò˵棬ñȽ޿ײġ
ҽģǿ϶ᱣ֤ȫһҪΡ
ĿǰѾ˿˹˹˵ϣҽصǶв̶ȫ߱ģ
Ҳǿֻ̫࣬Ǳѧ
Ȼǵг̣ȫǵļ֣ҽȫȻģǵƷסƵԼ·ߣǶڼ֮С
ǰҽİǲ½ġ
֮ǰ֮ûܼʱӦϵ¼ҪΪ֪ĵûȨޱȥǼλ֮˵ġ
һ¾һЩЩҪ΢һЩġ˻ϡ
ллʦˡܳæء
߻Ҫȥһ£λҽԺŰݷãҿ϶ǲܹܶġ
绰ˡܳɿЦ
˻һ䣺ҽٶһ䰡ߣĿǰһЩڵйʿܲԼһڿԹѧߵĽ
һĽϾҽѧѧӦǿԵģһЩоɹӦù֮ڡ
ܳһ㶣Ҳ˵ͷ
ûٶ˵͹Ҷ˵绰
˿̣ϾŶǶϾֺǺǵģŽ󣬱˵ܳɸ磬ֱţƴ˰
JAMA༭ı༭ԵŰݷˣھڿƽ̿Ǳߡ
ֹܳ˵˼𣿡
õϢİ
ôýӴأ
ƽ¥д͵ʾңͬģƽ¥ԾۼȫרҺͽڡ
ңڽĿǰҽԺовѾѧУоͿвԽˣҽѧԺͳѧרҺͽڣԼϴѧҽԺķֹܿĳڣѧͳѧԺڣǰҽԺ
Ҫѧһѧ飡ųѡֱʽͬʱල
ͬģҽѧƵĺܶڣĿǰϴѧҽԺļƣ֪ھˡ
⽫һܴѧ飡ϾĿۡ
ܳɲŶͰȻ͸ôһѧᣬררᣬ缶ͻƣŻеһѧ鱨档
һֱܳɳԽٰٷ֮ʮŵˣ
ܳһ㶣ϾͷӦ˹
˵˻ΪʲôҪģǲԼͿ˹˹棬Ҫô档
ôרҺͽڹһãһֱʽƻǶеطŵֱʽ
˲ȥѽJAMAڿҲȥˣȻĻϱƣԲʲô֮ٶġ
һΪܳڶܹһԵѧᣬԤܶණ
˹˹ܲҪJAMAڿҪԣԲӵģ׹ͣҲ׵JAMAڿȥЦ


İʮ ׼
ѧķʽ٣оͰѧ桢ѧѧ鼸֡
⼸ʣͬʵر
ѧָѧѧ顢ֻᡢȳѧ͹ڽԼоɹ˼·ͷֵĹ̡
ѧĿƹԼоɹѧӰ졢ٽѧͺ
ѧָѧġоƻгɹȽרҵۺĹ̡
ѧͨͬרѧίԱᣬԴĻɹ󣬲ۺͽ顣
ѵľѧ顣
ѧͨѧѧ֯ѧڿ֯רҡѧߡоԱѧμӡ
ѧУλԱѧġо桢ѧݽѧɹۡԱѧɹɿԡԡʵԺѧֵȷۣĽͽ飬ǷʺѧڿϷѧ
ܳҲǸ֪¡
Ͼûоʲôʱ򣿡ܳɵüͷ塣
˹˹ҪĿԣֻ֮ǰܳɵһֲ²⣬֪һӲ֪һεļᱻ֯ѧ飡
ԣܳɲûǰ̫׼
ѧ飬򵥵ľǰѧѧڡ
ܳȻûԼٰҲϿٵƵ֪ѧҪǰ׼һġ
ͶӰҽԺѧС
ʾĸ壬ܳɾû׼ҪĻҲҪʱʱ䡣
ⲻǶϷ
лϣ̡ժҪλȡ
ҪҪҪȷǷҪṩ
û˵ҹǶڻϵɡܳɸ磬ҪԼȥһ¶ڣϾ˽顣
Ҳáܳ˵꣬͸߮绰ȥࡣ
ʲôôֵֵӣGܳɸ磬ǲǰҺͷƵСܰ߮ûܾڵ绰
ѲеַΧڵ߮磬ʫĵ֮£Ǳ֮ǰ̫ࡣ
֮ǰͶһƪ£༭ˣҪѧ顣ܳ˵
ƪͶ壬ܳɲδˣԼͶģֻ˻ϵһ¡
ΰ£
Ѿġ߮ʱʼֵ֣࣬㻹Ҫ淲ѧǸŲ̶ʦѧǰɣ
ȴҲûžܾ
߮Ȼ֪ܹѧģжôţƵģĿǰΪֹģҪһ
ģʲô
ҪҰѻϷ㣬ȥһ£ֵ£Ҳܳɽ顣
ѽֺ߮ǺǣΪҲᰡ
ѾͶȥܳɵıǩ߮죬ܳɲ߮˸ӡ
ˣܳɾͰµԭķ˳ȥȻ˵㿴һ£Ȼȡ
߮Ǳ߿ĵ㿪¿һ£ʮ֮󣺡ȥġ
ҲŲ㣬Ҿֵͦõġ߮翴ˣԡ
Ҫʱ֯꣬ܣ»ܳȥûκ˿ΪĿǰֻܳɶԭʼϤ
û룬Բ֪ݵĴͷҪ㣬ٵðµ׼ʱ䣬ܻ¶пܡ
ֵ˿ܳЦЦֻǿЦΪƷ
ٺ٣Ȼ߮緢Ц
ƪͶ־ˮ׼ͰɣĴ󿯣߮ſһۣ֪µܺãһƪ¡
JAMAܳ˵
ллЯ߮Ц
Ȼ˵ѧҲûзôţƵڿҲ֪ԼļʺСڶѷ
ѧͷ£ȴˡ

ܳɹҶϵ绰ֵֻ˶ϾöϾ߮ȥ˶֡
ܳҵֵʱ򣬶ֶΪ±Ƶ״̬ھǣJAMAͶˣôûǰһأ
ַӦ󣬲ſʼܳɵ衣
ڣǸУǿһרƣƴӰǱȴ£µƷºͿС
ܳɷһƪJAMAϴѧҽԺĹǿӰܴ
ܴܴ
ٵĿǰΪֹϴѧҽԺĹǿƾûйĴ£ɿԾȫǿƵӰۺʵǰУ
Ī˵裬ܳɲЬа
ҽԺۺʵҲкܴ棬ܳɵǮҲֵ߯ˣ
ڣҲû뵽༭Ľڻֱ
ڶ֪ѧ鵽׻ٰʲôʱҵ٣ٵһϣ׼һpptݽ塣ܳ˵⡣
ȻվӹֵݹĲˮ
ģԺһʱ֪ͨˣ˵ѧٰڶں졣
죬ҽԺҪȥһЩ뺯һЩں͹רҹӦԮһ¡
⣬ѧֳãֱ豸Եķ룬ҲҪ΢ﱸһ¡㵽ʱѧӰͷ촽
Ūôʽܳһ㶣ȲŲ豭Ķһ١
ŬɹͬʱҲҪʵͷ˭֪Щʲôأ
ҴſһģܺãǹǿϢϢأܸıԺ󿵸ҽѧķչȵ㣡
µ˵ȥȻ˭֪أһЦ⣬ӯӯ
ܳɵĿʮº͡
ͬģȥٸոոǼ£Ǿ֮ǰйӺܳɾٶǸƵĽڡ
Ѿٵġɱ
Ժǣϴѧܹϣػؼʮǰٹ⣬ǹǿܹԾȫ֪ר֮һ
ôپϴѧҽԺԺĺԸ
֧£ûһǲġ
ͽ죬͸ոգϴѧҽԺǶҽԺԼҽԺһЩڣ绰ҪҪӦԮ
ʡڣֵǴܣǲԸġ
ʡ⣬ϴѧҽԺǴϹͷŽϴζҽԺ¼ǣܳͷϣˡ
ϴѧԺһң
ԹǣȦӣһģһ塣
һȼĿۣԱҪúþӪӪУ
ؼʱ̣û˻ӣ
ҲӣճΪǿƵĴΣǿ˾ͷ˴Уúã
ԺİţֻǶڣԥһ£ǾǽӴλڵ飬ǹǿƸҽԺ渺𣿡
ҪҪȥܳʡ
֪ԼòñӣԭϣѧѧߣǲúԼ༭ֱӽӴġ
ѧ¸ɣ
ܳɹƣ˻֮ԻôţҲôǵġ
ȻȥǿһҽԺдõġظһѧ֮⣬ʲôùܵļơ
Ҳܳɵ»
ܳɾ˵ǶڣҲͲ˷ʱˣ죬Һúõ׼һ²ϣ
ʱʲôϢĻǻ๵ͨ죬߮綥ֵࡣ
ãҸС绰Ͻȥ׼Щ
Ȼһ飡
ǾԼһ£εѧ飬費ҪϺ͹Ϸ뺯Щʦǡ
ҪĻϵҡҽԺ巢ȥԵøʽһЩ
Ͼѧ鲻ǶϷҪرԴܳġ
⣬һᰲʮˣ¼ŵ޶
֮⡭
һ£ʱϵ㡣Щ˷ܹͷ
û취ΪһƪJAMAô򵥣ĵݣʵ̫ǿ
ѧͨɹǿһˣϴѧҽԺĿɶ
Ȼôʧӵģ

ܳɳҽԺûֱӻɳаҽԺǸһϢð°֮
Ͼܺûؼأɳп¥̣ܳҪȥ㱨һ£
˵ܳмڣЩĵ˵á
ܳɽʱܺڿӣﱻʮָɾ
ͬʱͷ
Сôˣ㻹°ĵ㣿ʡ
ܳɣҪӽʮ죬ܳɾͻûżңͷʱҲˣԶûˡ
ţڣҪһѧ飬ҵڼ׼һ²ϡܳɵͷ
ϰ裬ȿӰҪҵøһʱ䣬һЩϡ
վʲô飿Ǹģ
ѧ棬µģǹģ΢е󣬵ʱ˵ûֱ˿˲źðܳЦ˵
Լĸöǽһ¡
㻹ֱ
Ǯİüͷ塣
ܳɾͷֲ̫úͨˣԳ˿գúýһ
ȻܾԽԽ˷ܣֱܳ˽Сʱ
գܳ뿪
ֺǺǵЦҶӳϢˣⶼʼ缶Ŀˡ
Ϣ㻹ߺߣ￪ʼˡ
ʲôʱˣ
ϴΣǴأҽԺſڡŲϵ⣬һ㲻۰ż죬ˣ
ǴӣǴ˰ɡʼƽ
ңһ²֪ô˵ˡ
ȻǵãΪʲôˣԼ
ڼʱ޵˭
ȻҲû᣺ûĻǸϴ֣зʱ
ŶȥˣСҪóԵǡ
ͦæġ
ߡ
ߡڹ˵ӣֱгɱȥ˽ӽٿǮĲˣƷʢ


İʮһ ѧ
СҪ߰Թ󣬰˵ԼҪȥˣϽ׷ʡ
ܳɱڰæϴ룬⻰ҲǴӳ˳ڳſڽϴͺˣȥС
ܳ˳Ǹ˵̣û뵽٣ϵֵࡣ
㲻ЩϾ͵ࡣȥ鷳
ӣһС
ܳɱ㿴˼̬ȱȽϼ̣ҹĩʱٹʱпյġ
Ȼܳɵſڡ
Ь֮¥ʱܳʣôҪȥأ
ܳԼòпգѵò˼
һܺסһĻǾֻܰסˣ߾ܸԼס
˵û뵽١
⻰ƭһ軹ԣڶٽҵˣʦܸôడܳɿɲš
ԽˣһεѧҪҪú׼ҲҪдġ
ܷJAMA£ɲܴˡǰ⣬ҪܳһЩʱ䡣
Ϊܹܳ׼ʱͲ̫ˡ
ҲСܳɵͷӦȷеæ
дӦò˰ϴοˣû̫Ըĵģ㻹û𣿡ܳҲֹĵһ䡣
ڵʱ̫æֵʱ鲻İдĵ飬ħʱܳѾ˲ٵ
ҲĵòˣͲҪҵˡ
˵һεѧݿɲСµҲпҪϸһЩôݡ
ʱ˲ӣҲںʱ䡣΢еʧ䣬ҲΪܳɽ
Ҳܳһ𰡣ûʽɴնˣ͵ŰŽˡ
ʱȴҵĹؼʱڣ˲κһ˶С
˵ͶܳɲŶʮ˽ʮţŶʮʮˡ
סԺ֮ʱͻ΢
¥ܳϸԼЦŵôҸ
ñȽʧ䡣ܳЦЦѣرְġ
УڻԽ࣬ԺְƾԽ˳죬ʱʱ䲻Ͷ
ҰֻҲҪ̫ճءĿԹ
ʡЩ飬ֹһ飬ɼΪҲ֪ЩСԹ
ˣ͵ɣĩпյĻǿһȥ̤࣬ûգҾʹ尢ȥ´ɽ
ˣͼѼôŵģʱЩС¡
ϰ֮ǰͼˡܳΣȴҲҸܺԼ֮ǰֻ˵顣
ǿϧ˰ͷЩˡ
ũɢʳߵؼѼζٻɳУͳԲľζ
˵䣬͵˳ԣ˵ѧ飬ҲˣͲѹˣһġ
ô顣
õģ䣬ʱഩ㣬һҪ꣬ҽ¡ܳҲͷʾͬ⡣
صҵʱܳɸĸһֱ鷿˵Ժͼ⡣
;ֺٸԴ绰ʺ
ܳһЩѧרҵ飬Уγ֮УǹԪƽϽǰԼԲ
Ҳˣܳɺú׼ˣҺҽԺᰲźãһǰȥѧԡ
Ѿе豸ˣԶΣҰֱ鶼á
ȫҶŬæ£ǶܳɵĿءֻܳȵлȻͷ׼֮ϡ

ʱһζš
ѧĵ죬ܳǰѧȻͿһЩϤǲϤˣĽڼ
УΪϴѧԺרҺͽڵϯѧš
һǹ˹˹֪ڣ˻γԺʿһĶС
ţǱԶǿ͵ԭøУԺĽǡ
ȻǱԺѧ
ϴѧҽԺڲѧĻҪеһţʱϯ¡
ܳ볡ʱ򣬾Ȼ½Ǭݡ
ڵ½Ǭݣ½ǬݣǮǰ½Ǭݵָ˹Ҳʱݡ
ܳûȥӭӣԶԶ˻ͷʾʶˡ
ңܳɻˣԼˣʦҲħΪר棬
ȥƣλִСһҲС
ȻܳɻһЩˣ֪ǲܳӵģ˵ᡢǣҽԺ
ܳɾͷڣԼڲ֪УȻʶ˵֮һˣЩˣһ̶ϣٵسΪ͹ϵ
⽻ȦѾǷǳɹۡ
ѧ飬Ƿǳѧ飬ǶϷûйĺѺ齻
Ҵкʱδ֣Ͼйڡ
Щˣٽڵ˵Уʼ½볡ǳ䵱ǿӢıȽϺãһЩڡ
˵긱ڣڣС
ǰ࿪Цſں󣬴ҵɫ
ѧ飬ѧһ֣ѧϰΣҪġ
Ȼҽѧ῵ҽѧֻҲǵ˳ǲһѧҪһε·ǲϢϢء
ܳɲҪܶ飬Ͼһо벩ʿȥ𷢷Ẓ̇ṩǩֱ¼ʼǵĲݸֽЩ
ھƵٰѧ飬ƵṩԱЩѧУڲȻҪԸ㡣
ѧ飬ʲôҩе̳ңǲܲ룬ҲṩʽģôЩҲǱԺоͲʿĹ
ֻܳǾѧĿʼ
ʱָŵʱڻ᳡һаǹǿƵˣҲҽԺԺһѧĴϯ
Ϸݲ࣬ҪһףȣҴϴѧҽԺϴѧԸλڡרҡԼ༭ŵĸλλͬʾҵĻӭ
Ҳлλܹڰæ֮УܳǰԺ뱾εѧ飬ϣλܹڻУᣡ
յѧ飬ª᳡òִ٣е֮λ뺣
ѧϲУڴҲעѧαʾӭһ´˴λ̡
ٵûпֻƽֱ
ѧҪ£˷θҪˣҪѧʶǽǼأ
߰˷ӣپͰ̨תܳɡ
бλĵһѧ棬ԺܳҽʦܳɲʿһιġϸƵĴ¼Ӧáѧ档
滹һֶӵʱ䣬Ǵƽʱ䣬ѧ棬ھŵʮʱ׼ʱ˵꣬ƫ߿
ΪȻû̫໰
ѧǵģҪ̫ӭϣʲôǿᣬҪҵĲ㡣
̨ܳԼĵѧĴСĻӹͷĻϵϵݣһ֮󣬱
Ļϣֻĵı⡣
ܳɵ֣λʱ䡣
ְ׵ףϴѧҽԺרpptģ壬Ȼͼࡣ
ⲻʲôƣԲҪĿҪ飬ģѿ⽲
ŵʮ֣ܳɾ˻Ͳʼ
ѧ飬еѧ˲ҪһϹлλĿ
ֱȥ
ܳΪӲʵͨ쳹ѧ𾴵ίԱ᣺
Һڴ˴飬λйر龫ϸƵо
ѧǡϸƵĴ¼ӦáּڴٽѧƽƵķչ
ִҽѧչ񣬿ƵѾġ
ľϸָԸ廼ߵĸԻƷڸõ㻼ߵĿӦ÷Χ㷺࿵˶￵֪ȡϸҪͨԻԻƶƷƽԼƷȶʵ֡
ѧı潫ص۾ϸƵĴ¼Ӧá£
һԻ
ԻǾϸƵҪɲ֡Բͬ͵ĿҪѡ߽ͬǰõ˶ߡߡ֪ߵȡ˹ܼĿٷչԶߵӦҲ𽥵õƹ㡣ЩԶ߾иЧ׼ȷŵ㣬ԸõΪṩο
ԻƶƷ
ԻƶƷǾϸƵĹؼڡݻߵĿҪƶԻĿԲͬ͵ĿҪѡͬ͵ĿͷǰõĿƷ˶ƷƵȡżķչִҲõ˹㷺ӦãʵܿϵͳȡЩ¼ܹõӦߵĿ󣬴ӶЧ
ƽ̼⼼
ƽ̼⼼ǾϸƵһҪڡͨƽ̣Լʱֿдڵ⣬ƷеӶЧĿǰõļ⼼ﷴ˶⼼ӰѧȡЩܹԻߵĿ̽ȫļͼ¼ΪЧƷŻṩ֧֡
ġƷ
ƷǾϸƵһڡƷĵҪƽ̵ļͻߵķϢ
ѧݣǿζģȫǱȽרҵԵݣûлڵļɣûʲôϣǱݣ
ζãζǷϻֻжԣΪ
ˣǻͬݡ
ܳɵĽ⣬̨һЩˣʼ
رܳɣչֳһһ鼫Ϊרҵ͵ݣЩݵǰڻԴѾ֤ʵĻʱĵ𺳲ſʼ


İʮ 
СʱĿﱨʴʱ֮ܳɲŴѧ
ſڣİΪ£һϮɫȹ׺ɫ¡
ʩױվˮܽأ鶯
ˣŲýװȻÿƽʱӵĴţ϶ܹ
ߵĻڸˣʣµľ͵ίԱˣƻҪܳһʱ䡣
ܳһ߻أֱ֣һ㣬Ц𽥽Ӳ
һΪ㲻أ촩ô٣Ͻȥҵطůһ¡ܳɵͻȻ
ðǺÿġ
ᣬͺɰĶܽˣôġ
ҾûáԵͷʵҲеģֻ˵ǴȻҪϯʹ㴩ʽһЩɶġ
ܳɾ͵ˣҪôȥķҪôҸЩ绰ӻȥҪôֱӸ绰ȥ
̫ˣȥۿпյҲûôİ
Ǳ˿ܳץһ°ȹڣȻ˦˿ûôɵġ
ѧĳӣ㴩Űǿݡ
ôװǶԽġ
ܳѾ˵绰ֱӸϴģʼ״
֡
ίͷ˵ˣԼȥ
һ˵˦˦˫֡
һ¡ܳɴӿڴóһ˫ɫףֻΪֻ䣬˭֪㴩ô١
ϻȥ߳극֮ٺ㵥ף
ɵ㡣ܳɶ԰ȭͷס
Ȼס
Ŷ֣ƾܳɰڲȻҲЩůĵˡ
߮ϲѧڼ䣬רţġ
ÿһĻ߹ĿŸ룺㲻۸ɣ
뷨Ҹ㻹Ǵ˰ɣ˽۸ûϵ˲а߮ʫ꽲Щǣ;ԿǴ
̫٣һҸȥء
ˣ߮磬ȻμӲҪǲμӵĻŮʫҲ¡
ǻһܳðߺҲǾã϶ԼһףģиĲС
Χκԡ
Ӧò˰ɣѰֱ˵ʲôϵʫͰĽã󣡡߮ĴʻǺܷḻġ
߮ǰ˸ࡣ
Ҷ߮ţ˶ģظ
⻰Ҷ˵ԡܳЩ֣ȴҲ˵ﲻá
˵ʫ겻ǽùϵǶͬ⡣
һο԰͵͵ģ浽׻װ˶ٶ͸͸¡߮棬´ܳɡ
һ׼ۣ϶ǰоٴ鶼δչֻǻڻһӴײ߼
ԽǻԽѣ϶ܳɱµĹ
ܳɿе߮硣
в٣ѧҽ㰡ܳɾԼôһʱβ͡
ѧѧ߮ǰĵ
Ҹ㰡棬һȱ©㣬Ǿûⲡⲡֿǽȥ
߮粻ˣֱӵε
ûĿ⣬ûۣرܳɺ߮ǰ㶼Ը˻ԼĿ嵶ӣҲ㡣
ܳɵЦԽӲ
߮˵е֧ŵĵײ߼ʵûô㣬ٷΧխôࡣ
߮һơ֮һľ롣
Ȼŵ˫ȥϴּˡ
ܳԷ˷ۣ̾һ߮ûرõİ취
Ҫ˵ɣסҪ˵ȫɣ߮ڸӽ
İ붮ƫƫʺ츳õģѶԸҵĿӣװƣǸȱġ
߮Ȼˮ߮Ķ֣һž͸ܳһˬʵĴܱ
Сܲ
ҸոտһЩƵĽɫˣ鼫á̴ֵЦ
û취ǹǿƵƾʵװƣΪʲô܇Nɪ
ôרҵԵĶȻǿܣûԼ㲻㻹Ҫʲôӣ
ΪһڶĽڣǲرǿҺòÿģֻҪǿңܹÿǾ͹ˡ
ɶ˵Сܰٴ飬ɲܳʡ
ȻĻ㵹ãЩϼһ鷳ʹˡ
ǹǿרҵҽѧ΢ŪһˣʡĿҽѧѿ
ѧѧƣǵⲻͻ
ȷչʡڵҵٽϴѧҽԺۺʵҪġ
֪ģڡ
ˣڣΪһε£ûǰҽԺҴкﱸһѧʽҿԼеȥҡԩͷҲСܳɸϽ˵
ǺҪ顣
һεĻ飬ĿľΪܳɣԼеǱ֣ϾһֲȻܳɿ϶ܹҵȨԩͷ
ΪԻЩۣһЩģгǰ
ֵ˫֣СܰǿҽԺǾҽԺԺⰡ
ֶԿָָ
ȻԭܳԼ飬ߣϴѧ
ȻϴѧҽԺܳɡ
ôţƵһ⣬˵ܹѧۺӰһ̨ףǰ߸ǲѴ֮ġ
ѧУãǿ¾͵ȥҽˡ
ѧУʹ绰ˣһεпֱȥв˾ͶˣҲǱѾԽӺãʲôʱˣһʱ䵽ˣ
ѧУڲĿʽ
ڿİѶܱJAMAµѧĳö᲻ñˡ
ܳɻû˵
߳ûһ䣬ǰѶһףΣ˵ʲô
òƶ
ԸϽתͣǣԺСңһѧҪҪǮ
ԹһЦܳɵļͶֵļ򣺡СܣһֻҪôһ⣬һȥķá
ֻҪһǧҶܸܵ㲻ܺϲϹأ϶õǮٷ˺ݻ
ԵĿ⣬ƣжҶܳԣ˲ţǮ⡣
ѧУԸ
ңǽǿвʡڵλ˵ֱӸǮ
ЦǶѧɾͣһרӼֵ˵ٰϵĿðɣ
ӪõҽѧԽȣϸǧ㣬ֻҪܹȫгȥרº豸͹Եúܳˡ
ΪʲôƼǵһ
ƼǿеĲ
ԺҾܳûھܾôӦС
ȷҪʼˣǰڵĻѾ㹻ڣʵſֽźˡ
ΪܳɵĻѾ˲ôˡ
ΪҪ⣬һ䣬£ôأ
ҵĿܣҲҪ׷
ǰУǰܳûʲôۣʲô˾Ͳţʣش𲻳㻹鷳
ڲһˣȫһ
һͣ෢չǹǿƱ
ĿǰǹǿƵгǱȽӴġرǹҵĹǿҽĽóر󡣡
ڸ˰װǮվĶȽϸߣ˵ܳء
Ǯ϶Ǻöװ˳ԣ֪ΪΣ

һСʱ֮ܳɲ±˽ȥ
ȻJAMA༭˹ڣһӡõĲݸ壬ﵱ˵
ܳɵ档
ѧίԱλרҵһۺ󣬵ó£
Ľṹ֯
ƪĵĽṹ֯õоۻӦʵǰоĸϸ˾ϸѵݡͬʱʹǡĶṹͺĹɾ䣬ʹµ߼ԺԸǿ
Ĺ
̽˾ϸѵۺӦãо˾ϸѵڿеӦЧ봫ͳѵ˱ȽϡƪڿҽѧокܴĹףΪҽѧоṩµ˼·ͷ
ݷ
ʹ˿ѧоݷʵϸķۡͬʱ¶оĽҲȽ׼ȷܹЧ֧µоۡȻǰһ֤ʵĿǰ߼Դݷô󣬷ʮֹ淶
ҲһЩƣ˵ⲡⲡֲδרҵ
˵ƪ̽־ϸѵۺʵкܴļֵ͹ס
ϣҽܹоȥṩٴ뿵Ϊ֧ŵ㣬ھ򿵸Ƶľ޴Ǳ
һεѧԲϲ㣬ҽ˵꣬ȹ
Ż᳡𣬾ò
ӣա
ȻٲΪϯٴΰһѧαסޡ͡Ͳ͵Ȱţһ˵Ѿźȫ̵Ľͷ
ô֮֮ǰУҽѧרҵϯλϵһЩڣϾܳλʼܳɼӺ
̸϶ܣҪϵʽռˣȻ¡
һܳɵĺޣһٶ


İʮ ֮ܰ
ܳȻ˹Ϳ˹⣬δӭӣ뿪ʱܳɻС
ɳлĹʳкվ¥ſڣܳλ༭ӵ˵˹ڣ˹ڣǳлһܸôõһλչԼ
ǳǸǵʱδܾ֮꣬ϣ´лټʱܸһдλڵĻᡣ
˹ԣ°ϵĴ΢΢ҽǻ˻ôһÿͣεĻ֮УѾǷǳˡ
Ҳ֪ģڵĳɳУǻ֪С֮ʳν
˹ƺΪȷǸΪŵĳ˹ͬ˵Ŀţ
˵⣬˹Ǳ˶ܳѧɾ͵κ͹ϲȻһջܹҽĵѧ棬һԿҽѧ̱ѧ顣
װܣֽ⾫׼ƣȫ硣
ٶֻЦδԣԳĬĿ˹ȴѵ˹ڣҽ֣Ѿҵˡ
Ҳ֪һǿҽĿǰǿƱȽŵ΢ڹ̶ܳҽ֮ǰֺͿչġ
ǹǿ΢̱չҳ΢ʱþΪˣ˹Կţֿ
ܳٴκͿ˹˹֣Űͱϧ֮⡣
ڿ˹˹˺ת֮󣬿˹˹üͷ΢ͣҽȻ̫˹ڡ
˹ͳĿ˸أ˵Ϊء
ȷ̫ǴJAMA༭ԶԻߵķףµ׫˻ûвԽӴ֮ҽ˹һһߣһֹ
˹ͷȻԺ˵ҽĿǰֵҽҪٴ񣬶һҪ׼ѧӦĲϣҲϳ
ҾãǼ£ҽûֱϵٿ϶Щϵҽ֪ˡ
Ҵ㣬ҪҪҽһʻ뺯ҽǲԸĻôЩ
˹Ϳ˹Ȼܳɲδйֱӻ棬һɳУܳӴĻᶼûУǰ̫һɲ˲ȥ˼
ɣ
Ĳ²Ȼƶܳɵ̫ᡣ
ڶǼܳҲǵޣ£ôҩԲһ˵ֻ֣ܳǲ֮һ
ֻϧ˶ûܶл̽ܳɵĿڷ磬һߣǳ䲻ȴһʱͱ˸סȻɳйĦһȦξͷ顣
ǵĳΥôҪˡ
Ǿһƪĵѧ顣

ڸϻҽԺ·ϣپֱˣСܣҽԺƵĶŽӦ˽ҹ˰ɣԴʲôأ
һֲʵҽѧҲҪһЩȽרҵе֧š
ڣִ򣬶ҪһǿٴӦãǿĿ档
ĿǰϴѧҽԺҽԺ˼ǣǿһչѿΪϴѧҽԺһɫרơ
ܳԣĿ˸ؿ٣ʣ׽ڣĿƺͰţΪоʽĴӦоأ
ֻΪĿĻʵеƣ빫˾Чʡ
ƵĶŽڵȷϵܳɲ֪ŽǸʲôˣĿǰû׼
˿Ƶ¼ǰܳɲòһ֡
ǿƵĶŽֻһȥ⣬ʽӣܳǲµ˵ġҪֱӰѿеֱӽȨĹ˾ȥġ
ӦٴигռݣҲãǹҲգܾݼˡ
ܳҲǽڲãҽԺڲһЩҵĿԴëġ
ͺñĳң˵ǵĿֱģ
ʲô˼أһϻĿлİٷ֮ʮڹһϿĿĻϣֻаٷ֮ʮʵоġ
ǵĿֻΪѧְõģҪһס
ȻֻǴԣǲӬ޷ĵ
ڶΪ˿ƵʲôܳɸʲôٴĿĺδؿˣͻܳɸһЩûʲôĿ
ʱвȥһã̯ӻԼʰ
Ͼܳʲô΢죺СܣҽԺһЩʷضѻġ
ʲôԭ򣬳ǲ֮磬üõĿзΧ촿ѧ϶׷Ŀ꣬Ǽ
µǰڻۺͻۼȻģаźĿкɣذѿʡҽԺ
ٻشΪޡ
ܳҲʹ֪ˣƵĴΣҲǶŽڣٿ׵ˣҲЩַˡ
̾һϧˣǹǿͿǳ׷ֿȻĻǹǿǼõġ
ϻʱûרŵĿƣʱĿڹǿڲ
׽ڣҴˣҿ϶ҽԺֵܿҵġܳҲûٶС
ôҽֻһְҵҲֻҽְҵְ֮һ
һӾôÿ˵׷Ŀȫͬ˵˭˭ҪȫԵعף뷨ǴģΪûκһܹԹףôȥҪˣΣ
ˣɼ

λ֮󣬱Ϊֵѧ˽ɢܳչ鴦Լķ
ֻаԼĸĸڿŵӣȻͰڿŵطƷķӸһЩ
ܳɴʱ漸˶תͷ
ˣȾ˰ɣһ۾ͿܳϹϵľ⡣
΢һ㡣
ϰ֣裬ǳԹûܳһ߻Ьһʡ
³֮߻ξܳһֻĸо
Ϊڰ֮ǰܳɾԼĿ˶ڼСʱ֮ǰܳΪӦ޲ϡ
뿪֮ʱ߿֮ʣкܶ˰ڣһЩҩеԼҪϵʽϣԼϺ졣
Ϳ˹˹뿪֮ǰܳɻԼȦѾӵ˹⣬һֱµĸо
³֮ܳɹ¶һڽߵʱ
ܳɲ֪еķ価֮ƽԼģô׽ˣˣϲá
ѻʹѴȴеһС
ͺñڣϴ¶ģǼˡ
Һ趼ԹŶСеˣһٳȥԵҹ¡˵¿˿ܳɣ˳·
ҿԣ
һȥɣϰ裿ܳô飬Ȼã֪ʲôʱԼܺľУҲԹ
Լʱûܹ뵽֮ϣԼûпô˵ǰǱ֮л⡣
һҲˣԼҫʱڻĬĬڼ
ǰԼһȥַ⣬Ǻ̫ʡ
ԿóҲΪԼѵͼһգҺֶԵñģǾͲȥˣôȥٶԵ㡣
ôҲܶŶˡ
ҺϳԶ˻վܳɰͷʾܳɸϽȥ
ܳҲûټ֣밲š
ûԱϵĲˣܺãζʵһ㡣ܳҲô˵
ȥԵ㿾ɡ
áǸԻϣòóû¼ڣҸʱھͿܳɺȥкˡ
;ãܳôȺΪ۽㣬źһܵĴ
СȱʧĶ
þˣԳԷʱ͸٣ڶӿɲͶô
ĽṹǺõİɣƪ»ܷһʡ
ɣܳ˵
ԣһƪĻǺҪرǶԿƣĿгݵʡ
Ҳ࣬չ˳ĻԺиٵĲʡһЩƫ̱߿ƫ̱ĲǼкôġܳĵؽ͡
˵Խô࿵ƵСҲ΢ţʵͼˣͼ
ҲܳɻشϰˣʶҪ˳ȥ
ȻϷֲԣô뷨㻹Դ˰
΢΢üߺߣҳʲôף
ܳɾظ˵Ҿ˵ŻÿʼԴˣǲ۾Ҳ⣬ĳ̡
ѲƯ͵Ưˣ
ܳڵüܵ㣬˼άԾäٴνӹƨĵʮȻ
ɴ۾вɨܳɼۡ
ܳɵ̱úǿûǮòǮ˵Ĳ
۾϶ûģ
ҾǼӸѶѣҪԺ΢ҽãǰ˺ܶѣȻ΢Žܳɻݽ顣
ϽһơʾܳһҪţĹˣڡ
ϰ壬㵥ܳɸϽѻƵĵط
ˣϰ弸λ


İʮ ̰
ĿǰҪĿ崴һηƪµ˼ǣܳɳҹĹУܳɵ뷨Щ
ܳһƪֵôĶܳɾȻȴȥⲻǰ׷ѹô
ϴѧҽԺڲܶ˶ϣܹܳƪµĺٴ֧ܳ˵Ͳδе̫԰ˡ
ûһƪ»ôĶдĳֻΪ˰ȥðɡ
ܳôŵʱ򣬾΢е㷲ɻͣҷƪµĿģʵΪ˸½ǬʦģϣҪӡ׵ط
Ȼħʱ½ǬݻΪδؾİҵĻȥ϶㷺ĶϺףȥҸӺʵƺͿ
һʼдƪµĿľΪ˷˭֪JAMA༭λ༭Ȼһεѧ飬ռ˺ܶԴͬʱҴרǩ
ⲻϣܳɵûз
ѵ𣬲һܺõģڴĻᰡ⡣
һƪ£ܳɶԣԸܳɴܴȷĿ⣬Ҳܳʱ򣬸һ˳
ܳɵͷͬ˰ĿܳԼ뷨ƪµĺ⣬ٴ⣬ǿеоܹҴĻᡣ
ǰðɣ
ĿΪ飬ǽֻΪ⣬֮ǰǣڿ߲ܣȫ̽գΪʱԼȥޣұҪÿһ⡣
ûѡ
ΪԼķһ
Ը⣬ҿͬʱܶ飬Լ̰ĺǽá
ңҾǸǿҽܰǹǿƵıרҵչãѾʮȥƴˣȥѧƣʵ㡣
һŰɣڱҵ㣬ȻһһЩѧƵĿ⣬ȻĻʱϹ˸ͷΣһŶ⣬ʲô¡
ܳɾûרһţһţǲѡ
׼ԼĶλȻٴ컼ȦԼĶλȷƺһ֣ȥʵʵڵػݼһֵĲѣγһ̬Ȧ¡
Ҫ˵֮ǰĿ⣬ܳҲ˲٣γϵͳģֻ΢һĿ⣬ҪôǳֹҪô;زۣûγرϵͳȦӡ
˼ؿܳɣ۾һĵߡ
ң֪һĽ׶֮һЩߵĿ⣬ǲ˽ȥǽһ谭
ǿҽѧĿ⣬óȻȥͻ棬֮ҪֻֿܣһʱתУͬۡ
߮һȽ̵ӡ
Ӧ֪ɣ߮ѪϵܸߣܺãֻҪ߮粻ȥѪƣôʵܹչֳʵ൱ޡ
ҲһҪ֪ѣʵΪרĲͲ崴ܹӴĲ־崴
ΪְƵԭҲΪ͵ԭ򣬵ĻҽԺڵԴĿǰֻˡ
ܹʱҵĲԴֻЩĿǰûȥٴﲡ˵ȨޣҪ󶡽ڻ׽ǵѰĲ֡
ôǵרҵͻʵԴԼؽƾĲѣǲġ
ˣҾֻֻȥһţһŵȥϵơƵר顣
ΪڵﲻЩƽȶԻĵزҲרҵڵˣٲ㣬ƣת
ܳظһС
ÿһ׶ζÿһ׶θ飬ܳĿǰѾ˿£Ϳе̵ǰڻۣĻԴԴϵĿͿʽ𣬰ѧУĿʽȵȡ
ôʱܳȫɷˡ
ܳĿǰͨģõļ֮УľǹǿƼܣô༼ܣǶʵǾܳɵá
ܳɲԲЩܣһԲģУһΪܳɶģ٣ƽܳɵô౲ӡ
ܳɵĲƸѾɣȶл̬Ѿ㹻һʼԼŶӣô͵úúÿרҵһЩܡ
ڱ˿ĿǰĸּѾڳ죬ûĿռ䣬Ƕ˶ԡ
Ȼɵܹܳɵ˼еǣܳɣڶӣȥĻɵ𣿡
ҵ˼ǣ᲻鷳
Լĸ׾λãҲܹ㣬֪鵽һĵز֮󣬼ķչԸ˵־Ϊתơ
ȻҪȥģֻҪȥ˭ȥⲢҪֻҪܹ˳ƽ
дƪ֮󣬲δԻЩҲûĿʱƽٶȣûĹϵˡ
Ӧ֪һεѧ飬ֻһżȻ
ܳƵؽô࣬ʵΪ˹Ϳ˹ʵĿġ
°ġ


ա
ٴܳɵϾ֮ҵܳɣ˵Сܣ˰һߵĴ˲ַ
ֹһҵεҵˡ
һ߽һ߿ܳɺ߮˽ҵϢң߮Ϣҵ˫˴̣ס
ܳɺͷ˵ĺȦԹģʱϵľŵ㣬˲·ۡ
ظܳɴ򿪷۵װȻٴкԵ΢еš
Ժȿˮɣޣʲôû׼ܳվ𣬾ֻǰ׼ΨһҵһԵĺˮóһ
ټ⺮ģһʱĸӣƣôǹǿƵģôôأⲻڶǿƵô
Ǿۣ۾ͰˣûԼİ칫ңûԼĿңԼϢĴλûУȻĻ߮Ҳֱ¥ȥ
תѸԼƵȥȻϢҵŸˣܳ˵߮Ϣһ°ɡҪˡ
ܳ£Σ֪ҪȻͶһˣ߮Ҳ˵ϲԣҪҲû㣬ȻҲڿš
԰Լķƹ
ҡͷҪˡ
ǵ¸һ£ôҲҪúڲˣ¿һİ칫ҺϢң䱸ȫС
ĿǰĹרΪģȷû̫ϡ¿һȦܳɼ˾ôű˻ţ̫ˡ
ллΣܹԼϢҺͰ칫ңȷ᷽ܶ࣬ٷŵԵʱ򣬲õı˳ԷˡܳҲԼ˵ÿЩ
ô˵ĵطȷкܶĲ֮
֮ǰޣҼ˵ҲޣҪ󣬵ԼڰĴþģҪһ͹۵ĴܳɲǱȽϹֵ뷨
ţ
ʲôѴ𣿡ʡ
ΣڲԺ͵Ҹ²˰
ǴûжԼĴλͲҲûר䱸ʿ㡣
ڿҽĹУִԵΪЩ׽⡣
ϾϴѧҽԺҽǣʿǰܳһ䣬Ŵ˸
ʵܳɲκһҵģûԼĻŶӣסĴλʱ򣬿ΪһЩЧԭɡ
ִҽʱ˼ģüҪҪҪҪǸ
ҽӣ͹Ƶӣ㲻ٿҽͣ
ܳһζˣ߮Լֲֻ֣˵ܳٶŭ
ϴѧҽԺҽͽڶǣǻʿǲΪǱĹϵд۸ӣ˵ǵﲻ˰
˼ҿ׾ٵذϳȥ
㲻ӺͱbattleһȦĻòҪ¡
£ꡣ
⻹û¹ʣȥ¹ʡ
һǣڴӡʱ򣬱ICUĻʿdissһ٣˵ǿֽţ˿ĸ
˵ûôĿңܳǵһμ
ֽǮĶƱ
ԣܳ˻ƵICUˣκλֱӶǿƵļȥ
Ƣοأ
ٵɫܳɵĻЩ̫ÿ棬ԼҲ̾һСܣҪǱ飬Ҿ͸ˣ˵£治ܹġ
Ȩڻ¿ƣⲻǸˡ
˵飬ҿ϶ģԺ䱸ĻԱʱһҼȽרҵ˹
ٲýҽԺ棬ʵܴһְλϵǾġ
һŵߣȫһ˭˭ûԡ
ܳȻһ¿飬ܳȴһҧΣ̰ãҸ˵ľʵޣܲҺЩʦ˵Ǹ
ܳٴα̬ȡ
ǹûôԣȻҶţôͶգʲôٴŽأ


İʮ 
Ŀ˸ܳɣܳɵĿ̬ȶᶨ
΢΢һУҿ԰ȥ˵Ҳ̫ⰡֻǹҸһ飬Ϊβأ
ʵҸ˵ĽǶȣϣǹǿܹ뵽ѧϿȥģ㻹ǶǹǿƵķչ
ϾЭͬ⣬ǽڲеȨ档ȴӦȻܳԭ
һֻԺʿ߶ڣſڶʵҹʵģܹܳߵһԺķչǼΪİ
ΣһǾãרɫʱˣ׼ԼıǩҪȫȫãܺã̰áܳѾ˶λ
ڵҪչһǽѧһģļʵ
ԽרҵڵרҵԽţƣ˵ĻȨԽء
˲Ų٣ҪԼһţһţȰһ㵽ȥǲҪġ
Ķ˳
˼ȻҲûʣܳɸˡ
߮磬һ¡ֵ߮һ̨һ߳ʱǿƶסԺڣͽͣ
߮ʦ֣߮ҲͶٲʦ֣˰ʵǸ㲻ӮˣŽġ
߮ûæһ̨С崴Ժķѵʱ䲢á
ⲻӦõǿļֱ֣ӽһˡڷǳ˵һӦ
߮ЦȻٿһסԺʽֻûδӵ绰԰ġ
ʦ֣һαʦӶȼٽлЩ߮ôһ䡣
ɲǣ
ǹǿôסԺһˣסԺ֮Ҫɻ
֮ǰЩǣסԺ֮ǳµļڣ谡ԼҲ̾
û취סԺ̫ܳţˣֻܵʯð
˵ʲôˬ߿ܳɣֻǾù
ǺܳɵģһôˣҪȥһģҲǺˡ
֮ǰ߮綼ûĴһ߮Ҳεķ
ڸ磡Ҫҹɡ߮ҲǸ
ʵܳɵ⵽סԺľ߮ˣ֣߮ǻڿ϶û¡
û취Լûܳɣ߮ҲΪΡ
ãҸĵطһ١
һ¡
˽УҽԺһտ̯ҪЩʹûҪơơ
ڷֲ;ߵʱ򣬻ڿ˵˵ܳɾܾпҵĿЭ
СôӲ
߮Է˷ۣʡ
Ȼһ֣ܲӲô
ԣһ߮磬һ಻㣬֮ǰ䣬ڻҿЦأ
ٺٺ١߮Ц
ڸ磬һཻ˼ѣûѧѧ̬źˡ߮档
Ȩ߮ѧʲô֣ʲôѡ
ܳѧʲôн
ӷ֪ʲôпѡ
Ӱ֪ʲôŽΡ
ǱԼӶУ޳ûκһһ˳ģο߮ãԼ֮ǰϷһˣͻԼŮء
̬Ǻ¡
ҲΪܹ߮߳Ľˣڵ֮߮ǰ߮磬ôţҶҽѧһָĳȡ
˵°Ǹܳɵôģô˵ǺѧģںȻôһ䡣
߮ڴ;ߵװ⻰ŵðѵĦÿ֨һڸ磬ЦɲЦ
˭ô˵ģ
߮úԩºTMʲôϵôأ
ô㿴֮ǰĽôΣȥѪƣ㶼ᣬ֮ô༱Ҳ
ܳ뵱һޣⲻǣ
Ǻǡֹ
߮Ե˷ۣ
ȥѪƣΪ֮ǰȥһˣԪƽԺʿйԼһ̤˹ǿΪ½Ǭݻعġ
˭ãĹֱӱܳȫ̽棬Լʲô鶼û½Ǭݻһ
Ϊֹ߮綼ûرףΪʲô½ǬݷҪܳɻ죬һҪײĸɱָƷġ
ΣԼϼΪ˽ҽп͹صĺðɣ
ΪԼĸĸ֮ʱ˵绰ߴ٣˭ȥ˭Ӱɡ
ң֮߮ȥдС˵Ľһ棬һǸԼһѡķҾ͸˭ܹҽʸвҿ
Ҳҽˣܱܲ˰ɣ
ڣܳɾܾҺ飬ֱӵԼͷϣ
ڸ磬⻰ܳɵ˽⣬ѧ𣿡߮ôʡ
ڵ˵ͷҾпܣΪ£Ҷס
ɵӲžܾô׵ء
Эͬ⣬Ҳ˵Ǯã£Ǹҽģ㣬ô׵ؾܾ¸㣿ڿ˸ЦȻʮֲ⡣
һִǾܳȫŽͰװࡣ
װ
߮ڵ棬ȻԼʦֺÿŶ
һܳվ˴㣬ֻվڵĸо
߮˵ڸ磬Ҫºͱ¸Ҫأ
¿ԶѻܶԺʿǾԶѻһ𣿡߮ʦ֣߮Ҳ¸ʵ
ܳҪʲôŽܳɵĴ뷨Ϊڲһ¡
˼˵ͷ
߮˵ڸ磬ǰһʱ䣬ҲȥħһҴҽԺħԺħԺһγʦӦ˵ɣ
ڼͷϵô֪ܲأǹǿƾôԺʿ
㷢ʦǸѧ¶أ
ĸѧԱȽϴأ߮ôʡ
ɰѻΪѵˣѦ޵½ڣ𣿡
ǴƵģ˽Ƚ϶ĻǴƵĽڡ
Ѧ޵½ֻʦ˶ʿоʿ㣬ҪֻǼӡ
Ҳãʦûʲôܴѧ֮ǰɳеƣҲûô˵ɣ߮ô͡
֪֮ǰ磬˵ʱһڶ̡
һ֪һǣʦѧǣģֻǶԱȽϴ⣡
бģҲġ
ֻҪĻֻҪµĻôʦǺ׾ܹǷܶģûô߮翴ħʱɶ㡣
ʵ߮ǴԹߵĽǶȿܶණġ
ûԺγһֹĿģҲĥ
֪γԼѧôڴͣ
ֻԽ⣬ĳɾͲԽߡ
˼˵ܳҲҲԺʿģ˵ĻôڻЩ˽ˡ
ܳͼǳҵڵıˣҲ̫Ѱ
޵һ޵ڶ
ֲǱĴɱɱ
ܳĴģ㿴ܳɵðɣֻеĵһͻƵ㡣
ڶܳɽҪľ֮ǰڳǸ崴еӦá
һһߵñȽʵģȥһ£Ǵƻʲôѵסأ
ڸ磬ħʱܳɾѾԺͿչͼϵĿ⣬ӵзߵר߮˽͡
Ŷ۾գգͣ·֪ʲôƵġ
߮һŶ֣ҲͲٶԣֻﰵԲ䣬ʦְŶ
ǲ֪֮ܳǰħй̨Ѫȡ˨ҲǴ֮Уһֲ֢ǼֵĲ֢ܶಡ˶˽֫ġ
ȥв㣬ԹĹ֮⣬ԳѪֻҪԳѪܳﶼѾʲôرѵˡ
ܳǴӻȻһһذѴƽˣðɡ
ôĺ
ɣ߮Ҳ̫ࡣ
ڸ磬ᣬ˭İʵء߮̽
ҲһЩסԺ˵ƽǺϼҲ뷨Ŀǰô
ϾԺҲûĸȥؽҿ¡
ҽԺĿƣˡܳڸôһȻмˣⲻҽԺĿƺôЦ
ҲǾܳе㲻̫£Ǵûȥҫգȥһţֳˡ
ⲻ൱ڽӵ壬зӦһܲ㰡
ڸ磬ôɣܳһֱȥŸΰɣ
һ£ܳ־Ҫڹǿڲչģ;ȥѧƣһã𣿡
ͬʱ߮Լľʦ֣ڻܻصѪȥ
زȥѽ֮ǰǿֻŽӼ꣬ڣн޻ѾܻǸרȥˡ
ʦãǣ
˵Ҫ⣬ôҪһʼͱֱģȻ֮󣬻иκ
Ȼڿ϶ǲĵġ
żҲ
ڿ߮һۣĬ
ˣϰ壡ܿ죬ϰͰѲˣ߮ǰѻš
һ飬߮Ҳ߻ڵľǣܳҪȥƣҲ취סôıƺѧưȥ
ǿû


İʮ ҲǸ߱
ʦǲǿЩ͹˰ܳһʱ䣬Լѧӹǿƴ˼ơ
һеļңһ˵ĺ˴ŹƬϣʼ˽ѧ
ѧҪģһҪá
ĵһѧǿɽˡ
Ժµ˶ҽѧ˺˴ƬҪѧš
ܳҡͷ˵ú˴ţΪƬĿģջҪصƬϵͳġ
ֻЩ˴ŵĲ棬ǷƵҽѡĲ棬ǿԴ棬һЩĵ㡣
ǵǽ뵽ʲôǸȥ⡣
ȻǻԷһ£ѡȡЩȽϺãǵĻǻЩš̽һԭ򣡡
ܳɲûбذԼͼ˳
ӵܵܳɣֱӸ˴ܡ
ܿܳɵ˼㶣˾κˣ֪ܳɽѧĿյĶλ
΢еϣڱʼǱϿٵддš
ѧϰĻᣬ֮ףĿǰʣǼõģ
ʵʣܶ˶ܹȡҪ΢Ŭһ㡣
һŮҪƣҪŬͻࡣ
ԣʮϧÿһѧϰᡣ
ڣܹôһʦǿ϶ɵġ
֪Լʲá
һʱ޵ģѧϰḶ́ҲôһΣеÿһŬվһ
ܳĺ˴ţܹţһһѲ˵㿴Щ棬Ǽõġǣ˸棬ʵǶģûصݵġ
ڿ׹ؽʹ˵ʱ򣬱ҪעķЩ
Ȼٿڶź˴ŵ棬ʵظģҲû̫壬T1T2ĶԱȣʵҪôĲ涼óԱȡ
ȻϵĹУҪĶȻһЩĽṹ㿴ڲʹ㲿ʹӰ
㿴ֺ㱳񾭣һܳɵĽѧʵ϶ǲɵġ
ҪףҪһķ
ţе룬һѹͬʱرţһűʼǣһŬظš
ܳɽһ֮󣬾ת˵СԼ۲һЩ档
˴ųԭͬģϥؽ׹ؽڴĽṹͬģôࡪ
⡢񾭡Ѫܡ֬ĤʹĤ
ֻǽʽṹơλáκԲһϴԹȫϥؽڵĺ˴ˣոϸؿ׹ؽڵĺ˴Ų档
ԶԱſһ£ҵٶٶ
ܺܶˣãаСѧѧϰûá
ȷûʲôãԣӦԺ٣ѧϰ˼·
ȴΪĲƸ
ѧϰĹУͻϰ֮֡
ʵÿһְҵܵĶϰѧϰ֪ʶḶ́⣬ȻԼȥϰ⡣
ϰʱܹһȣɣõȵ
֮󣬱Ż᲻ϵضֶʵصԾ
ˣЩңʦھֻܿЩƬĻ
ҿŶ㲻ϰ
ոգܳɸ˺üƬĲΡ
ѧῴ˴ŵı档ӰƵҽƬ֮󣬸һָԵϱ顣
Ȱˡ
ҪΪܹö棬Ǻܼ򵥵һ飬ҲҪȽ֪ʶͻġ
ϥؽڴĺ˴ű棬˶ҽѧרҵģҲǻ
ͺñȣĺ˴ű֮Уһ˴Ƭ棬дľ׹ؽʹŤˣIIȣ
Ŀǰԣʹ˵Ķ壬Ǹ׹ҽѧ˶ҽѧίԱᡶ˶˱׼ʹ˶ΪŤˡ
߼ˣΪˡŤ˷ֶȱ׼ǡ
һˣ΢ˣָʹܵ˻ˣãֻгѪ͵ĸı䡣
ˣжˣָʹά֯˺ѣᵽжȵĹؽڲȡ
ˣضˣָʹȫѻʹ㡢ֹ˺ѣ¹ؽȶܵϴӰ졣
ʹ˺䲻ͬس̶ȣ黼߿ɲȡʯࡢ̶֧Լ޲İ취еҲɿǽʹؽ
ϿĻȺĽûģ׹ؽʹĶˣȷҪ̶֧߻ʯй̶ġ
ǿʱܹĶҲ˶ҽѧҽ˴ƬżҪյݡ
ܳɲᣬָ㣺ȿ棬Ȼں˴ŵĲҵصĲ
ǶλĶҪõԼ˵Ĳλȷ׹ؽڵʹ
Ȼٸʹ˳̶ȣ¶˵ķֶȣǵظӰҽı潨ơ
֮ǿĽʣǷȫѵ޶ѣͨ飬ߵ׹ؽڴڲȶ
£ʯ̶ʵǹƣ
һΪ˽Ǯ׬ǮĹƣֻǾ׼ϡʵƵĴԷֶȣ
ܳɸı֣жΪܹĶҲܹöʽṹġ
ǵҽȽѵ֮һˣҪ֪ʶԶԶҪĸӶࡣ
Ǹ룬5ĺ˴ƬܣܹŲ²õߵ˻ƣˣӦֹ㣬Ƿʹ˺ѵȡ
õģʦػء
ţԼʦȽ㣬ѧҪͱ׼Ǹӿ̵İɡ
̫ˡ
ƬʱҪоģرڳѧ׶Σ
ڣܳҪģҪһһָ·˽ʲôλãʲôˮƽȻһôȥߵˮƽ
ȿ棬ٿʣ
ڽʿ֮󣬲ȥΣ
ܳɵ⣬ΪҪȽʸҪϸΪÿһ棬ܶϸ棬ܶණ
˵һ棬͸óǰĸ͸ó㱳ĸֺǸ趯
ȻݶȥѰҰеľ񾭵Ƚʽṹ
֮󣬿һ۾֪ʲôΣҵʲôʹʲôѪܣʲôĤ
רҺͽڣһ쿴ôﲡ˵ģôѧģġ
Ҳܹõܳɵģ
ҲܳԼλһ֣ǲУʲôζǻѧë߰
ѧһԶǵͶιչִʦǿ󣬶ʵʱΪʵġͶιʽʵѧϰʩ飬Ǵˡ
ܳѾһӿ׹ؽˣ
֪ϣŽʽṹһӡ˽⣬֪˵ĵطǰʹ͸ǰʹ
ǰʹֹǵʹǰʹӵǸǡ
ȵҪҵǣҪں˴Ѱǣ͵ҵ⼸ӦĹ
ʦ㿴ܹ棬ʾ˸ǰʹʾǰʹ
ǰʹ˶ѣǰʹҲǲġ
ʹ֮˻˰ɣ꣬ôʡ
ܳԣٴɨɨ˵ʹӦˣٴЩʹûôˣͻƮ
ں˴Ųϣ״β״ڹм䣬Ҫӹ״λλܹ
˴ŵĲ棬ǷַֺܶģǸѧϰУĲͬ
˵ۡۡۡ
˲һֻȻʵĸо֮ǰĻ㹻ܹöܳɵ˵Ҳܹܳ׵رÿһֲҪݡ
ڽѧʱܹᡣ
ӱ桢ʡۣȸ棬ܹµࡣ
Իشκһ棬⡣
һⰡֱھˣȫõİܳɸڿա
ͷһ߿һ߿ټűʼǣѧϰϰߣҲǼᶨźüԲñͷˡ
ܳɿԻһ㣬û֮ǰ̫࣬Ҳ˴ණ֮ġ
˴֮УʾһȽϵ͵ˣһ¡
ǹǿƵĻ֮УѧӦԹ۵Ķ΢۵Ĳˣֻк˴Ųʾó㿴ܲҵõܳҪӿһ֪ʶˡ
һ٣ܳɡ
ܳɴ˿ٲȻһʦɡ
ܳôһϾ͵ͷˣ֪ʦӦԹۣȻڱƵĽ̿ϣдоۣ෢Źǡ
ʵӦԹ۴ǹǿƵĸֻûôĶۡ
ϥؽڹԹؽףǶ෢ӦԹ֮󣬹εĽ»Ρ
ۿڣڹܶʱҲᷢӦԹ۵λϵ󡣡
ֹǵƫˮźţⲻͬͨĹˮźšԵҲͨˮźš
ֻ΢ۣҪһ߻أһڸܳչʾԼҲǿġ
һˮףں˴ϱȻһǻġ
߱
԰ɣʦôʡ


İʮ Ϊˣ
ЩʦİһʾóĹѧϰϣʱŲ۾ˣɬ
ѽʦսģҾͼ¼
ʹʦЩǿ⴫ġҾʦˣллʦܹôѧϰͷͶұ
֮ǰʹ⣬һֱûлһЩʲô
ллЩĺöûܹѧϰŵ
ѧϰ˴Ƭȿ棬ٿ֮󿴽ʡȻ󿴲Σ֮ٿǰ˴ֵĲ㡣
ʦ򵥰ȻܹȥĻҿԷؿһ𣿡ô顣
һʵϰƣȥҡ
ǲĸרƣѧϰ֪ͨʶǶõģԴһʱ齨ѧϰС顣
Ҫ
԰û⡣
Ŷˣʦ֣ﻹʦҵ⡣ҪԼʵ̫ˣ֮ǰ඼ѧϰ
ʦûв˽ģȻڷ˺Ҳܲ˽ȫ档
⣿ʲôⰡˡ
ܳʦȻ׼Ƭ⡣
֪ܳɴһ¹ؽںͽʲΣͺ֪ܳɻһôĶ̡
ʹֻ΢ϴһѹѹһͼƬȻмƪwordĵ
ֱ⣺һѧϰ򡢶׼ϣϽĺ˴ԭƬ
ⶫ˼򿪿΢Ҳһ̶ȵľ룬ûռ˵˼
ѧϰ򣡡
׼ϸݣȷͨ˴ԭƬӦݣ֤˼·ϸĦ߲鿴Ͻ
ӵʮʱк˴Ƭʱȥƶ̡һϷ
󣬷ʦڵĶٶȸ죬Ȼ˵ʦ֣Ҵϱ׼˰
һ£Ͷ
ʾͶӰǿͶġȤŴϸ
֮Ͷˡһһ򿪡
׹ؽʹˣɱտײ䡢׵ͻ
ֵϱ׼
Ϊϱ׼
ʼû⣬Ȼ˺˴šֻһʱͷڣ԰ôֻ׹ؽڵĺ˴Ű
ٿһƬûŹؽڻ߹ȵط˴Űʱɵˡ
תһȦڵһĺ˴Ųϣʾݣȷʵֻ׹ؽڵĲ棡
û
Լһһ¸˴Ų棬ȷһ㡣
⣿ԥ
ϵôİ±ˡ
ҡͷⶫʦҵģҲ֪ѽ
յһɷʣҲѲλ
ôԵĴʦ᷸ѵҪԼ±˴ƽô
ⴧĦܶ԰
ǿ϶ϸ˰
֮ǰܳҲֱעˣǾԱ׼ǲдģ𲻳Ǿ뿴Ͻ
Ȼô׵ȥϽ
ôƬӣ̫˰
ϸƬ׹ؽʹˣûġ
ǶԱ˵ġ
ʵãҪ˴Ų棬ƬʹˣһЩѶȡ
Ϊһԣʹ˶Ǵڶѵġ˴ŲϣȴûԵĶѣʽṹǴűȽϾҵˮźš
ϸ¿
ܳĽ֮󿴲ΣǿԿʹάԽṹѣ
û
˵ϣǿ϶ܹµģʱ򣬾ֻǴ΢ˣֹ㷺Χ˼Ŷѵȵȡ
ֻǣһ֮
ٿĽṹʱ
Ҳûзκ쳣֮
ʹãû˺Թۣûйʵˮףû񾭡ѪԼ⼡Ƥ⡣
Ҳûмʲô仯ԼԵĸı䡭
⣿
ʹţ׹ؽʹ˵ϣǾȷģ
Ҳܳɳ涨

ôһԼҪģѵֻǰѱտײ䡢׵ͻͿô
Ҫô㣿
üͷ
ǹ˶ʮӡ
ԶԶܳĽʱ䣬˻ûͷ
ʣ㿴𣿡
ҡͷʦ֣ҪǿϽɣ
ãʵ뿴ģǣǲϰܳɵĳⷽʽ˰
˾ʹƬ
Ϊףͳô֡
ϸڣ
ϸڣ
̴ʣϴĿĵĸ̾š
֪ڻߵĺ˴֮ϣϺ˴ŵÿһڣ
ʾߵԱ𡢺˴㲿λȻϢ
䣬ǻϢҪݣ
ʱ˵ٰѺ˴Ƭó
ҷɣʦ֡顣
˰Ѻ˴ӳŴ󣬿ģۡ
ߣZhang XXmaleԣ45years꣩
Ŀǰĺ˴ųҽ豸ǲ֧ٴҪģˣеֻԵʻĸġ
ٿ˴ŵ֣Ҳ׹ؽڵĺ˴ųûгֲλô
Zhang XXmale45yearsleft
üͷ壬ЩӦû֧ſϰɣ
ٿʱܳɰһν˵ڶҳ
ûʲô壡
ǣԺ45꣬ȴǸ˷ǳҪϢ
ǰߵĺ˴ţӽṹʡϣûκ⡣
ǣߵĽṹֱ⣡
ԣһȻٿߵʱ˲Ȼʲô
ȻЦ
ߣ׹ؽԵΪϸȻʹֱҲԽС
Ȼṹû⣬һӵӰѧֱ֡ͺᾶô
һĳӣ֫ļ⣬رСȲļ⣬ֻҪģôϸ
ʹŻԼ˵ή
ήҲвѯģȥӪήʧήӪԵή
˵ǣԴή
ߣʹ˲ûиˮźţǱԵˣֻǵʹˮźš
Ȼòƻû취ҵӦϰ
ѵͲܳôΪܾô롣
ܳڵҳʾУдš
񾭡Ѫܡ֫⼡ȣ´صģ꣬ȥ˴Ųҡ
ϸѰһ»ߵ񾭽ṹԼѪԽṹ
ѪֱܵûģҲûпѪ˨񼡢ȣѪģ
˵ӪԵή
ǲʧԵأ
ÿ񾭵ֱ
ߵֱرϸ΢ɲĴСˣûжѡ
һ£̱֢״
û̱񾭵ĴСȴ⡭
Ѫû⣬⣬ӪԵģҲʧԵģʧԵĻȱСѪֱܵСΪԣΪҪôѪˡ
ߵѪֱ˶٣ôѪҺӦɣ
ԣ
϶ά˲䰡Ŀԣѹȡ
֫񾭵ռλԲ䣬һ׵ͻǱտ״Ŀѹ
ǴȴԲ䣬ѹ񾭵Ļٳ֣ǲѹȵĳ̶Ȼ֡
Ҫ׹ؽʹ˲ű֡
ôпܾǣû취ģûзֵġ
ߵǣ׹ؽʹˣɱտײ䡢׵ͻ
ûԵָǶӦȷİ
û˵Ǳտ׻׵ͻֻһƲ⡣ֻǿɡ
ԣҪͽ˼·ǿ֣
·ʱȴͣˣʦ֣΢һ£ûס
˵ãżȿһʦʾ
ĿͺܿǵĻԼҽѧ֪ʶ⣬ֻǹǿƵݡ̫ˣ
֣ԼԴٴҽѧ󰡣󲿷־ǱסɣȻȥҹؼʣͿˣȫûƵ˼ά
ΪʲôأٴҽѧӦԽʽ
˵һӦһϣơ
˵һ֣ͶӦӦϣ·
̫ˣûսԡ
ܳɵⲻһ
ٹһܻû˼·Ϳʼ˵ˣʦ趨Ĺ˼
Ǿȷģκθı䣬Ҫ֤Ӧȷ
򣬾û취ȷˡ
һ·ȴҲһرӱĽѧʽ
㿴һ˵һϸظŶԱȣȻ󽲽ڲ߼κͽṹ
һսԺȤζͬʱĸо
ô˵ʱʾҵűƿˣȻǹ˽
ʦ֣ʦáش˿̵ı˸
ãأ㿴ʦø㷢Ǹѹ𣬺˼ھںʦĿ
Ҹоþöûõ˼·ˡ
Ҹ㽲أҪҪʦܡ
ԣͷ˵ϻܿó
š̹ܰȻˡ
桢λʽṹΡۡơʦк˴ƬѧʱĴ٣һ°ɣ漸漰Сһ˵һ˴Ĵָ
ૣ⻰תͷ˳ȥ
ȥһ⣬㲻˰ʡ
ȥʣתһüصʾ⴫
΢ţ㵡
ȴ⣬֮ǰͺ͹һпѧҽʵǿӲӲܹٴӦõĶ֮٣ûԡ
ڣһֲһĶˣȻΪˡ
Ҳˣ
ʦ֣𣿡ʡ
ʲôõģΪʦΣҲȥʦ
ʦΪʲôϲʦһˡм٣һ֪֮С
ΪҽѧдҲãʲô·̫̫࣬ڵһʵǻеԵظԣдҲãʵҲã᲻Ȥˡ


İʮ վѻͷվ
ܳ˴ǰڸģʽ޸յıҵġ
ٵĵ绰ܳɱͨ˵绰ȻʣԺΪСô
߮뷽Ʋ뵽˼ֵ֮󣬸ܳɼ˺ܶ鷳
ʼʱ򣬱ҽԺΪƲʤ࣬ɵȷٴϹһʱͽɢ
ңѾ˶ΪܳѾ߮磬Ͳðѷĺ˺˷ƵѧֱҪƴȥơ
ֻǵ˵ƱˣȻҲ˵ܳɰԾͿʼطò
˵ҲеЦ
ΪСأСδҵǿ϶öȫԼԸ
СܰСҽԺĲҶ㣬ǿԵĻǲĴ߮ȶġ
㲻ʲôɣôһ
ܳʲôż񸺵òƽ
ԺҽԺͷԼ̸ģҿ϶ûʲô뷨ġԺҪ̬ǷԸҽԺĻӵ£Ȩ
ϾôҲǹǿڲתˮܳô̬Ȼû˼֡
ã
СܣΪð˲ŷųȥҲҵľ̫ˡ
ǲãһȥħʱ߻ں޵İ
ԣһΣұҪǰˣСܹõ߮˵Ͽɣ֤רҵʵȷǳ
ڿĻһЦܳɴк
ƵʣҲã߮綼þΪˡ
̶ܹ̳ȴﵽٷ֮ʮϵģĿǰܳһˣûҵڶ߮뷽Ʊȣѷһ
ֻǻ̫ҾãǰڵĴҲõ
ԺʲôüĿС̬ˣܳʡ
ǲܹڱԺܳɶ̫ȷôͻȻ˵⻰Ǿѧˮ̶ҽԺоʦھĻ
Ҳ϶ǿԵġ
ң֪ܳɵĿרҵǲжأĿǰǿҪֵ֧ĿСרҵĿ˲ţǲ׸ܳˣȻΪġ
ԼоͲʿ㹻ڲ˲ţ໥ٽġ
Сû̬ǻСŮ
СĿǰһˣɳаҵĻҲͦġ
оǰСܣθ绰㣬ܲٸȥӰ
˵Эưʲô֮ģ֮ǰǶʶ
ܴĻҽԺԿٹǿҲǲаٵ˵Ļȴˡ
ʵڲеĻʲôơ֮Ҳԡ
ٺٺ٣
ܳһ㶡
ڿЦɣ
Ǻ½Ǭݴ潻棬ѷ·ģᣬɽҽԺı˵ʲôƣС
Щ֮ǰܳڲμӾѧҽԺѵʱʶС顣
ٽǷʲô裬ҪЩ˶
Ժ˵飬òҽԺ¿ƵɣңⶼԺѧôֱӽӴǲе㲻̫ð
ˣܳɲδٽӴǾɽҽԺᣬܳħ̸һ֮ܲܳɺæذѿȥ
Ū˹ʱɽҽԺﻯڷǵõ˲ɣ
ȴ˵ʲôСܣѵû˽Ӵ𣿡
߮Ҳڵһѧھȥ˻ҽԺѾǩԼˣЩӡٿʼ֣Щ߷߲ƽ
ʦѾҺù𣿡֪ܳĿǰڶĲʿо棬͵ļҾǽгģֻ˵ԺôͻҽԺǩԼأ
ٸ̾һ
Ǳҵʱҹĸ߷ڣȽϺõӣʶģ󲿷ֶ˴ȥ
ҾţҪԤһ£
ŶˣСܣһ飬ʦҲҵ˚G֪𣿡
ǸģҪ绰ǵĹʵ𣿡ôʣǼ׵˵
ʦ֣Ժ˵ʦҲҪǰҵ𣿡
û˵Gܳɿ϶ڲƵĻܳɻлᡣ
ԣǸƣܲܰҺһ棬ʵͶˣɲ֪ڰҽԺôõʱ䡣
ܳɴ˿зֿ󲿷ֵעģأʦ֮ǰϴѧҽԺͶڳɸʱ򣬱ѧɸô
ɤӣͣٲ
Ҳء
ȻνͣСܣǸʱ򣬲һֻǹǿΣûȨ
ܳŷӦԼ񽲵Ļе̫УƵҹ飬ǶǶǰˣôˣȷ̫ʡ
ԺҸʦ绰һ£ǳʦǣǵĻҾͲýˡܳȷ̬ûرǰϥ
ÿ˵ʲôزҪӵģĳ̶ȣȻǫͽ̫ۣûĲΣưνԵû̫ɵ
Уȴ绰һƣ
Ŷˣ˳㽲һ£ҽԺƣ˶ʿôζ˵һ͹Ҷ˵绰
ܳͣסĶŵ绰
ʾðȥһ澺ģһǸ֤İɣ
ʵáΪܳԼ亦
ҽԺʱҲϢɣ
ܳҲδ̬ԼȥͣǾܾ飬ʱ򿴰Լľɡ
ܳɰѵԺϸϣȻƽ˳˺һŸƲͨȥ˵绰ʦð
ʦôпոҴ绰ϣ㲻Ӧæȥ𣿡
ϻһ˫꣡ȫһҿƼȽƾͿʼЩ
ܳæ˵ʦͱڿ˿ҵԶҵʦ
Ǹ˵ʦҵˣܳʡ
֮ǰƽʱǴúѧϰģڣ
ȻʱǨ
Լʦγ£ʦԶħԺλʦǣҲһʦҲǱҵ
ʦӦͬʦֵ棬ԣ֪ҲҪҵ뿪ôԼټȥҲеȻζˡ
û취쳾
࣬ʣµľô
ҵˣ׼ҹȥˣԺҴĵ绰ɣ
˵ңįطЦ
ʦʦģܳʡ
ʶһԵ޷ְɡƻصΡ
ҿܻǴذҽԺƽ˵Լľ
ϴѧҽԺ߮ڣҿѳͷŶ͵һССҽʦһӾˡ
ܳԣüͷһʦϼ߳ȥôҪԼȥأ
ֻΪԭĻǶںͱˡ
ܳɴҽԺԵʱƲϸѪƲʿҵ洦ȥʱôֻ뵽ҽԺأ
ѵôҪȥֱȽСҽԺơ
תתѣҾðҽԺҲõİ
ǲνҹȥģҹưҲȥҽԺˣһ̫ڶ̫ۣ֪֮ˡ
ҲùˣڰҽԺңڡҲôġ˵ڡ
һħܳһһ𣬾ˡ顯
Ĵ⣬ͳһҪ£Ȼ󻹼֤Լʦִελ£֤Լʦꡣ
ԼĶλ͵һͨͨҽգʲôרҽڣʲôˡ
ְҵһѡҺڡ
նعΪˣΪ
ңƳȥԼĸתһȦ֪㲡˵˼伲ࡣ
ϴѧҽԺĴҽԺ̫ߣӴĲ˻ǼеǮģܹܵ˱Ƚϸ߰õȡ
ɻĿǰεĲˣȴǻĲˣûسǣ
ҽԺΪϲɣҲĺãܹĲ˲θӸӺͷḻ
ʦ֮Ҹӷϴܳɵɫ
ƿԷô࣬ܳѾжˣΪкܶҪ
ĲΣܳɾϴѧҽԺƽ̨ܹſֽţ㹻ʩչҽԺƽ̨̫Сˡ
ԣһһʱͻƴŹǷЩ
ƽʦȥأܳʡ
ֻ֪ܳƽλ֮ѡ˴ְһȥܳɻ֪ۡ
ʦְҲ֪ûüء
ʦҹȥҲȥǱҲеƵ⣬ƽ
ʦϢˣһúõؾһۡܳɵҲƽ
ǰվԻͷ
֮ǰڰҽԺϾȨƨơ̶ȥԷȾƣֵӣսһȥ
ڸи飬Լæһƥÿ˶Լǰ̡
ȨҲΪԼĹ˾æòɿеְݣ
οԼ߻һ̯£ѧʦܣпң⣬ֵ⻹Լļˣа
ѵһ߮硣
ҲһǷơ
Ҷϵ绰֮ܳ˴⣬ϤɳУȴİķͷķ羰


İʮ гĴʱ
ȨӣôпջɳϣħǱȶˣܳɽȨ·ɻҽԺϵʱôʡ
Ȼ˿Ȩȴ˼ʻλܳ˸ʻλ
ⲻǣ
ŶˣҸ֮ǰǷпҲΪġ
ܳɵͷȻпڻòע˰
ȨܳɷһݻҽеҽҩƷгԼݶı档
ݾǡ
ҽеҩƷгһǳӴг˿仯ԼԽĲϹעг󲻶
ĿǰҽеҩƷгҪҩҵҽеҵ¢ϣаڵĸҽҩҽҩҽƵҵԼǿݶŵҵ
⣬һݱʾҽеҩƷгһЩСҩҵҽеҵгеĵλԽͨĴԣһЩϸгл˲гݶ
ֻǣڱȽϸ߶˵еҩƷ򣬹ڵҵռݵķݶ̫ˡ
ˣҲǻڷԣҪ㽲ģ⣬ҾǹҵǮöԩǮȥ
Ȼ˵ΪҵıùҽҩҵڻҽҩгķݶѴﵽ70ңҩƷгݶռȸߣﵽ80ϡ
ҽегУҵҵгݶԾ⣬ҵķݶԼΪ50ҡ
ҪãЩǻҩһ̶ԴγõģνƷоģǸ߶е߶ģи߶ҩƷ
ȨƺԽǮУ˶ݼǵ̡
ҽѣݹҽַݣȥ껪ȫҽ֧ԤΪ2.2Ԫҡ
ڰ磡
УݻҽеЭᷢݣҽегģԼΪ7988Ԫңҽе۶Ϊ2492Ԫңռ˰ٷ֮ʮһ
ҩгģΪ9816ԪҩгģΪ10065Ԫ
˵Ųš
ܳһ㶡
ҩѱҩҪࣿⲻܰɣ
Ȩŷ˷ۣܣ͹۵ݻƭ㣿
ˮ
˴ŰͳȦǮءҲû˭ˣȨıţࡣ
ȻȲܣǾ͹ܺԼġ
ʾĿǰڸ߶ҩƷгУҵ͹ҵгݶ൱Уҩҵڸ߶˻ѧҩƷгϵķݶԸڽҩڸ߶ƷгϣҩռŽϴгݶ
԰϶Ҫȥȡģǹ˾Ҫȥıҵҧ˵Ļҩе̫ˡ
Ҫ߶ˣ˵ҽϾ͸㰲żƷΧ
ȨЦŸܳۡ
ȥģ˵ĺðɣܳɶȨ˷ۡ
ðɣĻҩڲȥ㣬гԱȽϸ߶ˣҽеһĻȥ΢۵еȴǻһЩõģгݶ200ڡ
㣬ݽ귢ġǿҽеҵȵмͶǰ桷ʾǿҽегܹģԼΪ240Ԫң
йҵռԼ60гݶҵռԼ40гݶڸ߶˲Ʒ棬ҵռƵλ
˹ؽгйǿҽегҪɲ֣ҵҪڵͶг߶гȻҵ¢ϡ
⻹ǹ˾΢е֮ˣĻڹں͹Ҳ忪ǻ߶ˣһǰ׼
Ȳܣ
ǴоɣҲ˵飬ĿǰƳĲƷǰרü豸㲿еѹֲϵͳȡ
ڹ⣬һЩҽеҵṩĲƷ㱣桢㲿ϡרЬȡ
㷢ṩģ豸еûʲôõĲϰ
ܳɸ磬ⷽ뷨Ҫ㣬ͿԸӸ߶˵ģҶԹ˾˵ģҾͶʮڣֻʮһڣҶˡ
ʵгܷݶûô࣬ȴС֣Ҫڵҽгݶ̶̫İĿɶûˡȨơ
ܳǾ˵֮ǰͶʵǼĿڶڸǳſ
ɣЧͬС죬ÿҽԼҩϰߣѲ㣬ڣĿǰĲԴǳḻҳĲ࣬һȽϴгհס
ܹ㹻ĲĻҲ߼۸Ҳݺݳһ
ȥӯҪ΢еˣ棬ĿҪǵøүá
ǹҵĴ󲿷ֵؼҽԺ΢еռͷݶȥ꣬ŻǿҲ˷ƷΪгֻķ֮һ
㻹֪㰡ܳЦЦ
Ѽ۸˰
û׬Ǯ
Ҹ㽲ܳɸ磬ҸԼԤĿȡǧ֮һ󵱹ʣǿʮҡҲ߮Ǹˮƽ
ϢȨ˵˻
Ͷʻرе͡
ȻȨıʸԼʵĻȷڣɿȨֺ϶С
ֻⲻȨĶֻô˾
ܳǾʣгַſ˿Щ͵ҵ½
ȻֻǼ۸֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬ЩҵѿŵгȣǱȽصĲ֣һԭĻ
Ǳ״ҽƼ³һ֮ƣǶֱܹӼЧġ
ڿԿóҩռԼеռȣ֮ǰ˺ܶ࣬гķݶҲˮȨ˵ƽ
ȻЩĲַ룬ٻǮ׬ģûⱾ׬ߺȣҲˡ
һһ֮£ȨĹ˲ˡǾĿǰҪеļҽףǾͺάֵȥˡ
ܳʵҲãſг飬ҽƼ³ƵֶΣֻһʱԴʩ϶һݡ
ЩǿԵƵģЩǱҪʵҩƷ
ǻѧȫҩƷרȻĺȫϳˣҲ˵ǹҲ㿪ֻǸģˣʧȥӦ
صҵȻҲܵõϿɡ
һרȨϿɵĹңǾԲϿģҪڵҵչƨԣ˿϶רЩһ¡
൱ԼԼˡ
ҪҵĴ󻷾£ô˵Ĵʩ϶ܾˡ
Ϊģµõģģ£ģ²أҪ죬ǾҪöײˣ
Ȼȥԣ
ҽпգһѣǸзƵСӡܳɰѻ
ɣﶼУҶԳʲôǲġ
Ʋȥ˾ôɳأ𣿡Ȩʡ
ҲǣԼģ˵˸أ
ǺʦйϵɣҲ֪ʦǾѧҽԺĲʿڻˮ̶֪ΪʲôûԺҲȥˡ
ŶߵǸʵ¥ûУҪ濪չʵءܳʡ
㣬ȻҪһǾҪʵأȻһһذѽϺõĲƷٰûƹڣȻȥռνгǳ֮
ˣװ޽ӽβǺòϣҸҷˣﲻϸTMβҲãҵβٵģǲҶԸ
Ŷˣܳɸ磬֮ǰҵĴһӺʵѧϰƽ̨鰡Ҳˡ
ҪôءϷȥappڵҽɲЩϷ߷ˣǲGGȨһŲͣʼȺ̵ơ
ҾûУҪǿУҽǵѧϰʱȽ飬ͳƬʽĶܹȡĶ̫ˡ
app֮ҪеȼƶȣȤζԣϽ͹ԡ
ҲǰڵһСĿꡣ
ŶˣʱĻ΢յԱעðҲãѧûʲôǮ˵ģԼոʮʲôġܳЩû˵ô顣
ǿ϶ܿǮҪ׬Ǯģ֪ʶշ
Ŷˣ߮绹Ҫappĵײ߼С˵زȥдء
ҪҪҪһѰȨЦ
ܳ˰ɣ߮ҽС˵ʵҲһִʽҲ뾡ͨ׶ķʽñ˽ĵȼƶȡ
Ҳһֳԣܳһ
һģ⣬ܳǰҽʦҽѧܡҽѧ֪ʶĵȼˣһŵķֽߡ
ȻܳɻеһЩ֣ҲӦĵȼ֣ҪڴҪϷԼ֪ʶͼܴʲôȼ
ȻڴֵĹУңϸÿһּܵһȼʲôԼܲóȻĵȼˮƽʲôȥֱֿ۵ذһ˵ˮƽݻˡ
϶һȱݵģģ棬ǳɹۡ
⣬һɹĻһرõԴҽˮƽԼʷ
⣬ǽѧĴ壡
ȻҲܻ˺һЩˣ׾С


İʮ 㿴ǰ
Ȩ磬ҿҪ˹G
ȨϾ绰Լ˳Էĵص߮˵绰
߮籾ΪܳڿҲû뵽ܳɻȨ˾Ȼڸʻλ
߮磬ĻҪ㰲ط
һȨӡϾǼһ𣬿ܻࡣܳô顣
ڷƿճڿﶥ࣬ϾҲܹҵ£ÿճһ˵Ҫúúһ
ܳѾϰ軹акˣҪŻȥ
ҪҲȨδӴȨİȴ١
һ㣬֮ǰܳħʱ½ǬΣʱȨһʱ绰ʣʹ黹ֻ۵ʱˣˡ
ܳɸ磬ʵҲˣڳҲ۹ǱˣҿܾͲˡ
Ҳе¡
㿴ⷽ𣿡߮ôһ졣
ŽܳڳеʱʶΣеһҽԺƵĲΣϴѧҽԺĲʿ֮ǰڳеʱܳɻһ̽΢ؽûĿ⣬ֻĿǰչȽϻֻ£ûʵԵĽչ
߮ô˵Ž϶ԱߣܳæЦӦ߮㲻˵Ž˸ˡ
ΣΪ˷ƶ𣿡
ɰҰСֵࡣ
ƣǰҲǳеһҽԺģֻΪԭ򣬻صϼҹ֮֮ԻУΪŽεЯ
ŽΪʯѷȥ˾ѧˮ̶ҽԺְԼ£ǵ֣˵ҲܲŽ¡
ңŽεĺѧƷʻϣҲܳΪǸȽϳϿҵҽߡ
ܳɽһ䣬ҲŽԼ۸ơ
ŽڶԷЦǺ˵ҽҾΪģСĻҺԼ˺棬ҽҪǲĻҲԸԼ
ܳɶõŽױݣͷ΢֣ȽϷϵȴвСı
ûû£ΣǵȻܳȻòףûȨ飬ôӦ
Žع϶飬Ҳðá
߮ҲһӶ
ô֮ȨЦ˵κвСϵ
ûУҲ֪һΪʲôҪܳҲͷԡ
аɣκôҲǹ˾ĽڳеҲҪӦšȨôһ䡣
ȨȻȥ³ؼҽԺӪȥ
ôǣͷڣֱӻؾҲʣϾ΢ڹ̶еպеʱܹڳд򿪴ţŽڵĳеһҽԺĴҲ١
ҲǹֱܹԽܳɣչʽ
˶ˣ߮ϾŽȻָŽ˶Ͼ˶ʶģͲķظˡ
ŽһȺˣ֪Լ£Ǹ˵ҽиλСֵܣʵڲ˼ǴǵķΧ
ҽҽе£ҪɣأҲһЩҪԼҺҽ̸飬ȻҲȥѣҶݡ
߮ͣΣôرܣҲᡣ
ˣһʲôŶʮͷˣǾô˵ˣҽȥһյذɡŽҲ֪Ȥ
Ƿ㣬ܳɾô̫ʣΣҪͣ
ߣʵ򵥡
Žܳһȥ˸ڵİᡣ
ȻŽҲûֱ˵⣺ҽĺܱǸ֮ǰ֧֣ŶӻǹĺȻѧ֧Ŀˡ
΢ؽûûб꣬ǱħԺһλʦ˸ȥ
Ҷ෽֮󰡣ʦ㻹м־ɡǵؼҽԺչ΢ؽûȽѣԾҽ˵һ¡
ǾͷĿաȻһЩݣŶˡ
ܳ΢΢һ㶣㵡
һκοʵݶǸıԸӽͰҲԸΪ˵档
ŽȻô󷽣
ܳɸϽͣΣʦĿ΢ؽûһ治֪Ҳûôرע
ŽĪΪԼ˽ʲôȻŶ
ϣȻٺƳ
Ȼõģһεľ꣬ҽԺĵ̫ˣһӽôȽĿ⣬ȥĲЩ̫󣡡
ǳԲôһģ˰Щ׼λʺԼĿ⡣
ֻҿʦǱߵĿǰڽչʵҲ룬ű˺Ϳ򡣡

ʮ֮ܳɾɫӵ½뵽߮ڵİᡣ
Žûټϡ
ˣȨĿ΢߮ȴ˵ʦֺ㽲ˣ
Ž߮ʦ֣Ȼͬʦǲʱ򣬻ǽʦָΪһЩϲٷĳƺ
˵ˣܳɵͳ
˵Щʲôûʲôɣ߮һʣȻȨܳǰľƱϣǰѾƱƵݹ
飬û飬Щϧ
ҪǰɣһĿʦĿײˣ֪ʦڹؽƵе̣¶ŽҪá
Լ΢ؽûĿǰоʦûŽô룬ʦеħԺʦγǡ
ǰɣŽεľʧˣûеõʽŰǰڵʦŶӷмšȻǺ¡
ɶŽԣȴǲСĴ
Ǳ²ƽ̨ԹɾձƵʦγȻˣɺôԺʿϵ۸ӡ
ڹؽƵĹϵرϲϵ϶Žǿƽ̨ơơе֮£ǰоͶ벻㣬ҲռϷ硣
ԼʦγȻѾھѧľ棬գȻûѳˡ͹ѧʵ
ͺʵ¿ܶŽһ̼Եġ
ôǣ߮ʡ
֪߮£֪ǰоʱȨ˽Ͷ˲ٵģɿ飬κ˶
ȨֲǸԵĻܰװ׵ذеͶʽ𶼷ŵŽ
ΪŽܹõϿʧˣǻôеȥ
ȨĺʽͶ룬϶ȱ˾з
ͬˡܳô
Ҳǣ߮Ҳε̾һ
Ҫչһ⣬Ǽʮ򼸰ӦģͶǧ򼶱ۣͶôǮ
ŽûʽͶ룬оãõ˿֮󣬿϶׷ϣһ֮б꣬ҲΪʱЩ
˵⻰ˣȾưɡȨʼȰ
ܳŽԥؾͻͶˣܳɿؽȥǶԷƣ۹ϵ֮衣
οȨĹϵŽࡣ
ȾƺȾơ
ˣ߮磬бĿʲôܳʡ
㿴ⷲԼҽԺͬͶʲôⶼûرע÷Ȩ侮ʯ
˵ģȨ˵ܳɸϽ

Ⱦ졢ţƨգǻһġ
ûмۣûкڼҪԶɡ
գ˶δ״̬ԻؼҡûѭȨĽȥʶɳѾõҹ֮ġ
ȻĻʮ֮ľϴѧҽԺɲԶ
žƾܳһüСʱϣһЩ룬˳ŽһЩݣͶƵ䡣
֮ܳɲվ˴ǰ
ϵĺܶ˶⣬Ҳвٵ˶ڸǰУҸԵģҲԵġ
ȡᣬżһʵʲô¡
ȻܳĽǣ࣬ڴ֮󣬾͸ܳɻ˵绰СǷʼʲô˼
ܳЩԺæ˯
ʦЩŽιһЩϰ
ƨʲôҪôණʲôϵ
ЩǴģһҧɲúơ
Ƕеġ
һ˿⣬ӦȻûͳƣǴŵӡҪеġ
ܳɸݵ߼ԺϽԣѾǰо֪
ЩݳѾζ
ѾǴһ֤άһظ֤Ŀ⡣
ظĸ򵥣ɵӶ
ʦܲ𣿡ܳɫһЩࡣ
ϾʦǲܰλʲôεġΣ
٣ҲǹؽƳģϴѧҽԺԺȻǹؽƵΣܳҪֺãЩȥ
ǱߵϿ⣬̥У
Ʊ٣ܳҲܺãҲǴνġ
ƵߣΪֱһԱ
ǿǰˣҾֱKO
ǰɣ
ΪԼͿԽпеʩ𣿰
Ҹ㽲ǳ֮Ĺϵްϸˣ
ôݣ㲻ΪʲôƵɫͷŭ
ܳ˵ʦΪһʺһҪұľֵرɹǱζϰ
ƳĬ
ܳһѾͬ˵ûᱻĭӸ
Ҳˬ
ҺܲˬĿ⣬ʲô˼ֵ𽥱С


İʮһ ţƵ¸߶ȣ
Ҷ˵绰֮ܳεط˷˫֡
Ǵ˵ɷģĿû˼ûսԺȤζԡ
һ֤Եظ飬ƿͬԷˮһ򵥣Ȼʧȥ˿Ȿ塣
Щ֮ҪֻΪ˷£Ϊ˸Լѧ˶ѡ
ʲô壬νֻҪܹԸҷnatureУţˡ
ѧϲѧϲо˶ԣ⻹治߱սԺȤζԵĶû˼
һе߮磬֮߮ǰҲǾһ̫ڼˣ˲Ը㣬ȥеԵĻһЩȽˮ¡
ϣһЩѧߣԸһûбѧҲҪʮĥһģ춯صĶ
ˣͣûˣǺ޶գһЩѧߵĹ°ҪֻҪʵʵڵؿԸ
һ㣬ҲԴ͹ʵϰϿԼиЩϰ⣬û뵽һĪչʱ
غȴʮ˼ɲڵĹأͨ˱Ժо룬ϣתǿƹ˶ʿ
Ƶı˶˶ʿ׶ҵʦֻҪʦͬ⣬ǲռõʦ˶ʿġ
ⲻڹؾתܳȻûǸԭĵʦ
ֻȻǺ£ܸԼֵİҲܳɴһ鷳
ܳѾ׼붡ţȥԭ׼Ƶȥ˵ϣڲҪΪ¶Լʲô
û취ڹΪܳڱӣڿõѧ
ԣ˼һ֮ܳɾٴθƷȥ˱ȽϳĽϢݻŽԸݷϺ;ѵ˷ѣܳɲźһš
ǹ˼ϣʦܹ΢ԭ£
ƻأ֪ˣ
Ҳһֶ̽ǾڵΪ΢е㷳
´μǵǰ֣̽߿˵ĲУһжʱ䣬жôЧĹЧʣ
ܳɺ˵ʦҵĹЧʺʱ䣬ֱ󣬵ô˵±
ֻһ˵ʦҲøһа
ʱҲ֪ѽ
ܳί
˵ĺĿ⣬֮ǰͺƵġҲôظ
´Էʦ
ãҼס˰

֮ܳʱ£ܳɿˣѧĿ֮Ҳܹγʦġ
һȦҲΪŽξϧʵȶܳҲûȽϺõֲ취
֮ǰڳеʱ򣬾Ѿһ̽˺ܶණô˼·ˣŽĿǰĽչȻΪޣﲻ˾޵ʵԵĽչ
ôأ
ֻǰôһ£ܳ뵽֮߮ǰڷǰֽ΢ؽûоչ顣
Ļboy
ģ鲻Ž
ܰڵʱǸʱ߮ѾˣŽεİУҲԭ򣬵߮粻ֱ׵˵
ֻܽôһʽܳɶԻֻܳɵʱδ⣬ŽĶҲƣ߮粻ֱܳɲֳΪŽߵ档
ܿϧǣʱֻܳͳ˵һصоչδرϸչ룬ŽܹƵľء
ǵʱԼˣƺŽ˵Ŀ⾺˭ʤһأ
⣬ܳû취ش
ȥڣΪصǸ֮ǰܳɻȥɳаҽԺһˡ

Ĵ翪ʼˣ죬϶˼٣Լ֤ԼŮ˶ʿҵ顣
δӡ
ʵĴһĻӸλİòҪֳģȻһƪ¡ҵXXסˡ
㹻ģ£¿⡢˼·¿Ŀ£κ˶޷ȥѧԡ
͹۵£ϾͲҪˡ
ŮԼҲҸҵʲôԴҺαرӣ
ıҵ磬δܳɰæﱸΪ֪ܳæܳɵֳʱ򣬷ְԼˣļ綼Զࡣ
ɳаҽԺ˵ɳаҽԺеĵλʡҽҩѧ԰ıҵ磬ǼΪӵģѧУˣɳаҽԺҲ˺ܶˡ
Ȼ֮ɳаҽԺôӡʡҽҩѧôӣһεĴίԱϯԼίԱţơ
ϯħھҽԺչԴڡ
ίԱϴѧҽԺ
ħҽԺɽҽԺѧҽԺ
飺ɳаҽԺźΡ
̵ʦ㸱ڡ
źɳаҽԺԺڳ˴飬϶Ҳаϵԭ
Ļ᳡Χ۵Ҳ࣬ƵһЩ˶ʿǰȻǰĸĸ硢ܳɣû
ȻĻŶе̫Ӵ
ȻʡҽҩѧһȺѧϴѧҽԺһЩ˶ʿͲʿо
翪ʼܽţʼ仰´ʲ̫ˡ
Ҳû⣬ߣԽ˳ˡ
ʮӹȥ

һΰĴ磬ҲǼʼ
ֻǰڼʼĻڣȫϾǴίԱϯչԴΪԼġ״ʦͽϵѧսȺۡ
ίԱϯڴ԰˵ȥ
ûط˵ҲҪ˵ΪĿǰԣ½ǻ϶򣬾չԴΪ̣԰ָʽĿ˺ָ㡣
ֻ˶ʿ磬ܹˣѾﵽ¸߶ȣҪԷһĴɹ˰ɣ
˵ۻڣʵݱ˼ǵֺ̽ѧĻڡ
̨վţżϱսһСʱ
;չԴվ˵ҪǲŵĻҽ˵
ź⣬ӲͷƤһսڣǴ磬Լ޹ԱǲŴ̵ģ
չԴҲ΢ʶԼʧ̬С˵ǻ϶۵ĺӦãھ׼ƣǹϢƣ
ⳡ棬ܳ΢е͡
TMǸĴ
Ȼǡ
ԣ˶ر֮󣬴ίԱ۰Ƿﵽ˶ʿˮƽʱ˶һµؾͬˡ
֮ͬ󣬰δнȥܳɱ˽ȥ
չԴӸУϱƣµֱӰܳɶѧʶ֪ʶѹСʱŷܳɳ
ܳŶʱ򣬰ϷѾ˵Ĳ⣬ھ͵ŴίԱԼʦʹרŰ˺õطȻ뿪˷š
ֽӴǴԼòԽӴлʦ磬ҾһߣͬѧһţΪѾͨˣͲνĹϵһס
ǰ϶ҪԼúðŵģϳǮ
ȻǰţϯĻļ˶ǱҪرܵġ
ܳɳʱͷΧʣôȥôãһβڴɣ
ƺӦ˹ܳɣչԴڻλǲǽһεĴ磬ΪѰģ
ܳ̾һ˵ͷ
߰ɣǼƲԷˡ
ôܲԷأüͷ壬ϯŶȥԸɲǴ֮
治õˣ滹λԺڣ϶ܹźúģҹưٻҪСʱŻ뿪
⣬̸кãû𣿡ܳɼͷ⣬ôʡ
ܳʵ벻ħԺչԴڻϴѧҽԺضīڣ˲£ֱŮѵĴʱ򣬰ץ׳
ⲻڹϷֵԺ˭ֹһء
֪ǸƵ򣬿Щϱƣƿٳһķˡ
ǵ˼·ǣԺƣҪͳңҪԼĲԼĿңԼĲˡ
޲ðڿƵĲ˶ٴҵͷϡʺ
ðɣЦҪǣǻ϶ȽϾ׼ľֲϣĿٵļֻҪǳ̽еԭС
һȺƽڡ
϶ǰͺϼƺˣΪ¹ҵķչƺͷЩϱƲôЭ
չԴضī֯ߡ
ǲڵ໤Ƶ齨ICUˣҪԲ֣ƽеˡ
ܸһͻƣ˼·ܳǰҲû뵽
ȻЩӣֿԸıˡ
ܳҵ˱Ƚӱģⷽ˵Ҫȥúһԡ
ôѽΪˣ˿̻ǽŵġ
´ϯίԼĵʦдû˻ᣬҲû˸ôɣ
ʦϢǾڼţӴ϶Ҫģʱǲɰš
磬ˣܳæԷлϾԼš
Ҳ棬֪ܳţƣ֪ţĻУҲۡ
ϡ棬δ


İʮ 
лʦϣͣϴƣһȦһȦؾƸչԴȴίԱͬ־Լʦ
չԴλڣǽһһܳƣȵܳ˫кˡ
һȥ󣬽ӽ¶ǣ֪ܳԼ¿϶ˣǾ˵սڣΣĺȲˣ±źð
λڡλΣؾˣҸơ
MDһȺƥܳԼľǱϾûǸ̾еʱЩϱƣһ޵׶Ƶġ
⻰߽ܳı¶΢Ц
չԴ״˵ҿС治ˣСϰ
ǰʦ˵ϰѻӹȥսڣû£ҪǾò˵Ļϰŵڶߵ
𣡡չԴһ⻰һ֣
ɫͱ䣡
֮ǰʹɳаҽԺķԷϷģҸ㰲ţ
ҾѾȵúˣ
ҲˣˡҲɫ䣡
رضīڣɫ䣡
ЦɳаҽԺľ֣ĸȥ
˵͹ǿüƣ͹ͷˡ
̶ѱأľı£ҿTMյһ𣬹Ȧûʲô˸ȥһЩ
˵ǿƵǰλΣǶԺŵĴ󿧣ҵڻǿŵĴ˵
ҪǸȥǻõģ
ΣĳԺȶλˣȻȥϢˣϲ㰡ܹյôһͽʵĽضīЦؿ˰һ߻Ӧһں
ѧɣɡ
GԺǵˣٺ١
㵹֮⣬Ҳʵһ㣬ݸǿ£治ԼҪѡ
ҵɡ
ȻһᣬҲֻ˵Ҳ벻λڵĺǻָ㣬ϣԺڳɳУλܹЯ
ĳлλˡô˵ٸ̧һΣԺ󰡣ưĽͰﲻæ
ʦͽڡ
ҲϽٴлλڡ
лʦʹлĻ
лʦˣɻû꣬ΪŮӣʺϵͼλȥϢľƵ꣬ԾͰ˰ȥضīϴѧҽԺС
ܳɸչԴڵȥסľƵٰ꣬У
ܳ͵Ļһ·͵˾ƵſڣٺúҪ뿪ʱչԴ߳˵Сܰҹ֮ʦҸһ仰
˵ϣ㲻ҪִǰҲҪִˣԼ
ǧ򲻿ΪһЩ飬Լ߲ȥˡ
չԴγʦƣҲǱ֡
ܳԣϽͷллսڴҵȻ绰лʦġ
š׾ͺãʶĽײܸߣѼչԴݷ
˵ʵһڣΣҲҽԺµʲôγ̣·Լδڡ
ԼѧõģҲǼѦ޵ˣҲֻǸĽڣһζ㡣
ƶҵףʵ겻ѡ
սڣúϢܳô˵꣬˵ݡ
ȻϢʰ
͵ضīȽԶʱ䲻١
ܳɱ˵ȻؽڣȻȥɣҵĴϲӣӦúͰú÷һ£ҲȥϢһ£սǣȥֵࡣ
Ŷ˺þãֻһ
ðɣ֮ǰұҵʱ飬ⶼˡܳҲ˼ƶѡ
ȴʵʵذź͹滮˺ܶණ

ܳû뵽ǣܳɻصҵʱ򣬽ڴļڣȺ˵лϢ
мųֿ֮л
ܳһ߿һһһظȻϰڵķ俴һۣѾϢûţѡֱ˷䡣
ϴ衣
ضīƺûֱ˯ܳɻظ֮ٴλ˵СܰһΣû취ˣų²ߣʵΪ顣
֪㲻õһ棬ǱŽ˻ᣬҲ͸¶κˣҲڻͬİ취鷳ġ
չԴͣϣܳ鷳
ܳɺ⣬ܳɺһĽںܶ࣬˿ӣܳɲӦˣǾǲӣܳɵķչ
ֻܳ˵һû£ȻʹҴҵؼ¼˼ʼǣԷˡ
ʼǽƲԼӦģ⡣
ⲻǶضīãԺ԰ķչҲáǰҽѧģ϶ϣԼܹ΢ߵԶ㡣
ţܳɱ˯֮С

ֻǣյʱ
ܳɻûʱִ绰ǰ
ʦô˰ܳЩ˯ʡ
ƺڶ˳ܵϰ𣿡ӦǸ˲
ǣ찲磬ź˼첻ʺ˶ʦܳǿס⣬Լλ
Ⱦ˰ѹ֡
Ҹ绰Ϊ˸顣
һ£Ŀ⣬Ҳһ£ȫͬʱĿʮŸҪӱƨĻǽһġ
оչģѾǳЧˡ˸룬ϣܳɲҪһҶĿΪԼڹռȻѧľʵǹڡ
ȫôңĿۺʵҲֻŸʮⲻǿЦģ
ģҲܣһкܶšҽҩţҲ͵͵ҪӱĻͱӿŲǻʶ
ȻĻˣˣе鷳
ллʦ֪ġܳν
ĹҾٿ죬ҲܿһɿԽüҵŵģΪ⡣
Ʋ˵˵ڶ£ڣҽҩȱгİҩԼߵԤ⡣
ûȤһ°
پȴѹĹٰĶõԤ󡣡
ȻûõȻ֪صĿֵ֧ġ֮ǰҲǹĿҳֿѽ
ܳԾ˵ʦֶ˹λ𣿻Ժ
ȻԺԳ˵õ飬ƽ̨ζȶ㹻ʦҲƴӿ͹۵ĽǶȷ
ʦ֣ʲôʱذҽԺأֶܳһ¡
пܣܳϴѧҽԺ˲ˡ
ܰɣܰҽԺְ
ģСܣ㲻ڣҲģܹѰҽԺɣ֮ǰ˵ǸӣơôЦ˵һ䡣
ܳԼ괵ţơ
˭˵ҽԺͲܳΪʡõĹǿƵλģ˭˵ҽԺĹǿƲȫ
Щ׳˵ģڱƷ
ܳû̬ǱųĬ
ҽԺڷȫĻԷȫǵÿ߮˽һ£ҽƽṹĵʵ
дС˵ģ϶ռЩزĵġ
ԺĿʱҪע⵽һ㣬ҪѱĶĶԼıȻЦˡ
ҲܺСٴθܳһЩָ㡣
ܳ˵ܹ߮˽ĿǰÿһĿоչų˹ء
ƵҰԼĿһҶĿǺģллʦ֪ˣʦԺ໥ཻ
Ȩһʵģλõġ
ܳ˵һ䡣
ȨϾƣĸˣٻصǰһ棬ƨԷţˡ
ҲԴһάżһۡ
ˡ
ɳУܹż棬һҸ
߮Ȼǲô飬ֵ֮Ҫôڼ֣ҪôǺʫ̽İ壬Ӱ࣬ܳɽУżзƶ࡭
ǱȽԹֵţȻٴκһţӵ֪ͬԼѹ۵Ķˣֿʼд·֮á
ܳɽ˹ȻأˣΪܳɿСĵһԱ
ĿԼĿʽʼȥˡ
Ҳһ֮󣬾ְϴѧĸҽԺܳɵĸĸ֮ѡȻصϼңܳɵĺӳ֮ɳС
ܳǽǰѣ˻᲻ϼҵЩѣҪȥȸ𡭡
֮һ졣
߮ըëˡ
Ǹ⣬Ѿһ޵оŶӣscience棬һ£ֱӴ߮һֲ
˵оĿԼݣ϶ܽеģû˿Ԥס
ôһ൱߮Ŀٷ־ʮŵĿҪ̥ˡ
ϢǷƴ߮ġ
߮ڵ֪֮̽˱չأֱٴһڸһ׷ӡ
ܳɣ鷳ǵе˰
ܲһʽұҪ뵽һ׶εоˣȻĻĿ᲻⣡߮ΪƵ˵
ΪԼĿõоûԼԸǣƽһأȻټʵ飬ãŸ¹ȥ
ȻǮû˻ģ˳ɹͳˣ߮绹ܲ飬Ǽײˡ


İʮ ˮ˰
֮ǰͨѯԼǰоչֻܿѾݣѾ¡
оŶӵʵչеĿĿȥעͲѯģˣʵÿһֿо򣬶ڳԣʱпܳ˽
һôֻǽƫȥ취ˡ
һƪscienceϵ£оǳ롣
ˣڷƸ֮߮߮糹סˣ߮סִ˿̣ҲԳΪ߮ˡ
ǰԼѧϣƵΣڣæ߮İ취
ܳɡҲ֮У˿Χ˶ʵʵҵŽš
߮磬˵һµô°ɣȻһ취һʱ䣬һĳ·ּѾ룬˷Ըûرš
߮ѧôԺϣ֮һ
߮ҽԺϵţб꣬û˻ỳм٣̯Ͻ£ǵ˰˱ӵĴù
ԳģscienceĶ֮ϣҪûãĽ᲻⣬β
󰡣ȻѧĹԱ߮鷳˵ʱǰڴ㡣
ȻɣҲҪ취߮ƹȥ
߮Լı飬Ѿ˵ppt
˿ɫʦڣλʦֵǣˡһΰҴĿⷽϷġ
£λԿҵpptݣҲ˵л
޸ǵǰơƵҶǷǳŵоڵǣ񾭶֮󣬼Ƿ
ǵǰ񾭷ϼõķϿ͹ϺĹܶʧϣоĴ󱳾Լá
ѡС¼档
߮һ˵ţһߵ㿪pptΪŽܡ
ʵ߮ˮƽ£оĿ⣬˵ȫһˣҲ˵оĳ̶֪ʶûжܺ⡣
Ϊ߮Լóģȥ˴ռҪһİ취ĻͱѻоҲڳ
൱ڰоƣ˼·ҲҪôҰæһ취ôԼȥһѼϣ˷ʱ䡣
ϵĸָϵͳλָܵĹ̡
ǻȫԽԽоŶӣʼоעϵĻƣ̽صðеϻƣǼȽŵûƣԼǼ򵥵һЩù̡
һĿǰŵʶǣеϣ֢ԵϣҲ⡣
ô
֢ӦϵͳϵͳеӦþǡ
ϵͳ󣬾ֲ֢Ӧϵͳĵö޸𵽹ؼáˣϵͳ֢ӦϵͳǴٽϵһҪе㡣
Ӻ񾭵ʣӺ񾭵ӰԪҪӣԴٽ޸
ϸʣϸָϸΧ֧֯޸Ҫá
񾭽֬ӣ񾭽֬ԪΧ֮źŷӣǿӰԪ
оŷ򣬶ЩУһηУ漰һۺԷǳǿĿͶо߹ͬЭ֮󣬵õĽۡ
֢ӦϵͳϷоһЩоֲ֢Ӧ޸зӻãȵ֢ӦܻӰ졣ˣѰҵ֢ӦϵͳķӺҩΪ˵ǰоȵ㡣
һЩеϵͳҩﱻ֤ʵԴٽϣһЩʪҩƤʼءĵȡ⣬һЩϸϸأ10IL10תӣ£TGF£ҲֿԵ֢ӦϵͳӶٽϡ
η棬þǸ˰׽أ10һϸеá
ôҪ룬ҪôIL10ƽͨ·ҪôIL10ͨ·á
֮ǰѯ׵ʱͷ֣ͨ·ĿǰƣûпԵ壬׸˵ųԡ̽Եо
߮˵⣬ֻ˵һоͨ·ı
Ӧ߮룺
Ӻ񾭵ʷ棡
Ӻ񾭵ϷѾõ㷺ʶһɴٽԪֻĵʡ
УӪӣNGFԴӪӣBDNFӣNGFӣGDNFѾ֤Դٽϡ⣬񾭵һܹԪ֮䴫źŵĻѧʣȥǳ񾭵ʡ
ӦһЩҩֶ࿨ҲֿԴٽ񾭵ʵͷţӶٽϡ
Ӫڴٽϵķ棬֢һĽ棬ڱƪо֮УҲһо档
ҩҲܹͨٽӵķڣٽϡ
ǹϵϸʵӦá
ϸʶ޸ҪáоһЩ֧ϸֵĲϣ֧ܡЩ֧ܿΪԪṩʵͻѧٽԪӡͬʱһЩϸʽøƼҲ֤Դٽϡ
ƪоУҲӦõ棬ǻֲΪʣڶУǰݡ
پ񾭸ϸ͸ϸӡ񾭸ϸһҸºͷֻΪԪͽϸĶܸϸһЩоֲͨ񾭸ϸԴٽ޸Ӷ񾭹ܵĻָ
߮룬˶һͷԷ籩ͬʱ˶߮Ͷȥ˿Ŀ⡣
TMǵʲôùȻײһĿȥ
˻ϰܵģĶˣ㻹иƨģ
ⴿǵùΪ߮ʱ򣬱˵ĳɹδɹܹȻ߮һ⣬˾Ѿ¡
ڵѵ㣬ȫ߮粻ܼ룬޵ʽ֮£ȥ룬һʵķ档
Ȼܲĳɹ߸һǾ൱ˣңҪȥ߮ʱľ֧
Ҫϡ
߮Ŀ⣬ܹʽ𲻵ʮ򣬲N౶࣬߮Լùġ
ֿ˽顣
ӣƤΣ߮磬ͱѰ
㵱ʱʱ򣬸ɹʲô
ֵߣֻǷƪsciһʿԼ˶ʿо
ʮ򾭷ѣֻڷµĻ©ȫȱ㹻˵ġҪΪоǰڻĻȻˡ
ұΪֹ߮
ǲԸ˷ѹҵǮȥû̫ģΪԼĽ
оܳ⡢ٴⶼ˳˳ˮһͷ˳Ժô֪˻Ϊ߮ܳɣǴˡ
ԣһΣ뼯˼̽һΣϣܹһȽӱĽǶȡ
ܳÿƪ£˵ʵƪµĻоĲ滹ǱȽϿģǰ߮統ǰо·
֮ǰܳģ񾭷ʱ򣬿һЩ
߮磬ϵĻӦóȥЩͨ·֮⣬һЩͨ·İɣй˽𣿡ܳɿ֮ûе˵ȿ˿ڡ
ڵѾҪ̫ǫ飬ֵʲôˡ
¡⡢ԵĿ⡢ԵĿ⣬ܳɶ㻹̸ʲô
ֱܳԲ䣬ŶҲ֣۶ûУǿƴελá
Ȼֱ߮ӹĽȣС˱ȽϺõ뷨𣿡
ܳҡͷﰵ⣬ܿԽ߮˽ô룬ⲻǺüô
Һڲ׵ʱ򣬿ڡ
Щ߮յ֪ʶֵҪѹһ
Ȼ߮˵ͷչʾǿ֪ʶ֪ʶƿеģҪ档
һԴӪӣԴӪӣBDNFһӣԪֻʹҪáоBDNFԴٽԪӣԸԪĴлͼϸ
ˣͨBDNFˮƽǿ书ܣԴٽ޸ĿǰһЩоBDNFģԴٽ޸ȡһٴЧ
ơѧͨ
񾭵ؼ
ùԵ׻򻯺Ԫд̼͵ڵһּּڿռʱϾȷؿԪĻӶʵ޸Ч
棬֮ԲΪǿչķѵʽԤЧǳޡ
ⲻ޽ôҿͶ໨Ǯתһ¿ڵľѣдƪ½¡˵
ϣǱȽϻоˣӱо㷺ҳʱ䳤һô·֮ʮ궼ȥ
߮αپִأ
߮磬Ѿƶֻ߮ˮˣʣ߮磬дƪ£Ӧûɣ
߮Ĺ̫㣬ĶҲ̫ϸû̫϶꣬ͲҪŸʲô⣬µˡ


İʮ ˼·
ǹԴӵľûƣй˽ôûͨ·ôţܳɸΪ׼أԴѧĽǶʡ
ִѧԷΪѧӭԵѧѧ⣬ҪǳĻȻᵽһܾ׼ĽǶȣÿһ̫෱ӵĿԡ
϶ںҲʵѧĲʿǿŶӣ·£ֻǿ徿ж
ʵܶ£ֻΪƶѧƵķչֱӴѧƷչһ׶εżǶȣҪһḶ́һƹأ
߮翴˿ܳɣ֪ܳɲ޵ķʸ
ܳɵ⣬һʱûشǾ˵һ°
˵꣬߮΢˫Ŀ˳˼״·ȡһЩʲôƵġ
ʵУ߮һֱûֳʵʵԭ츳
ģ棬֪ܳ߮翴Ʋףʵӵǿ֪ʶ֪ʶϵͳңִ߮ϵͳͱ˻һֻǴ棬ҪʱȥȡӦĹؼɷ֡
߮ᾭ£ȻסȥܹĿסĶԼյģǲǿʶ
ܳҲû߮磡
ֵ˾͸Ӳ˵ˣΪո߮гıѾǳ˴󲿷ϻĿоˡ
ĿǰһоĿϾ漰ͨ·Ѿǳ룡
ÿһ֣кܶͨ·źͷͨ·ȻͿʼԵƣЧҩȥϸҩܷӦͨ·ˮƽԴ֤ҩĳּǷдٽ߸á
ͷǳˣˮƽǳһоĿˡ
һ߮紥ķԲô򵥵顣
߮粢û˵Ⱥܾã˵BDNF޸˵ڴٽԪӵʱûҪ¼档
ٽԪĳɳ
BDNFܹ̼Ԫ׶ٽԪĳɳӡBDNF׺TrkBϺܹźͨ·AktERKCREBͨ·ٽԪĳɳͻγɡ⣬BDNFһûͨͻٽԪӡBDNFܹǿͻӣӶٽԪĳʹ
ٽԪĴл
BDNFܹٽԪĴллˮƽǿϸĤȶԺͷֹӦBDNFͨAMPKźͨ·ٽԪлϸĴлˮƽ⣬BDNFܹͨNFBźͨ·ǿԪϸĤȶԣֹӦķ
ϸ
BDNFܹԪĵͨAktźͨ·ǿϸĿBDNFܹͨTrkBp75NTRϸĵTrkB弤ܹͨAktźͨ·ϸĵp75NTR弤ܹٽϸĵ
ͨ·ҪTrkB塢p75NTR塢CREBźͨ·ERKźͨ·Aktźͨ·ô֡Ŀǰϸʵо̶ȣˡ
˼Ҫͨ̽ѰBDNFЩͨ·ãȻһʵĵ㣿
ܳԣȵͷҡͷĿĲ䣺TrkB壬BDNFĸ׺壬TrkBٽԪĳɳӣٽϸĴлͼϸ
ܽһ£ٴлϸ
p75NTRBDNFĵ׺壬ͨTrkBǿTrkBźŴݺǿԪĳɳӡǣp75NTRļҲܹٽϸĵĵطǳҪ
ܽһ£ء
CREBһת¼ӣͨCREBźͨ·ܹٽBDNFıͷšBDNFֿͨTrkBCREBźͨ·γһڻ·

ERKźͨ·BDNFٽԪɳӵҪźͨ·ERKļܹٽԪӣͻԺѧϰҲҪɫBDNFͨTrkBERKźͨ·
൱ͨ
Aktźͨ·BDNFϸҪźͨ·AktļܹϸĵǿϸĿBDNFͨTrkBAktźͨ·ܳ٩٩̸š
ܳɲ߮˵ļͨ·Ҫûظһ߮Ȼ˵Ǳ˶ƪ£ǰ汳˼갡
߮⻰˶ֵĿƺʾ⣬߮粻ҪһЩ˵ֱ̫ף̫ش֮
Ͼڻн鵱档
ɵס
Ҫ˵߮ܳ˵Щ˲û⣬Ǿôеֵ
оͲʿǶɵˣΪܳɺ߮˵κһ㣬ƶ֧Ǳҵˣȫ粩ʿоˮƽûô˼ĸ߶ȣ𣬾Ϳɱҵ
һЩɵרҵ뵽һӲ棬ҵҲˡ
ܳɲδᣬ˵ǿԷ֣TrKBһȽŦ͵ڵ㡣
ôǾͿԹעTrKBڵĸεڽڵ㣺
ԪӣԪIntegrinNCAML1NcadherinȿԵTrkBıֲźת
źתøźתøSH2PTPGSK3µȿԵTrkBźͨ·ĻԺȶԡ
ϸʳɷ֣ϸʳɷLamininFibronectinCollagenȿԵԪ𤸽ӡ
иεڽڵ㣺
MEF2MEF2һת¼ӣԪķͳ̣ԱCREBNFBźͨ·ڡ
mTORmTORһϸлڵףԪͻоҪãԱAktPI3Kźͨ·ڡ
MAPKAPK2MAPKAPK2һϸǼܵڵףԪ̬оҪãԱERKźͨ·ڡ
Bcl2壺Bcl2һϸĵףԪĴҪãԱAktźͨ·NFBźͨ·ڡ
˿˵ҰͶܳ˵Ѿˣߴߴġ
߮ø档
ܳɼ˵ǿԹעһ¸ϸµĵط˵ٽBDNFصʹmRNA
Ҫ¼
BDNF mRNABDNF mRNATrkBźͨ·BDNFıԪй㷺TrkBϺܹźͨ·
Ntrk2 mRNANtrk2 mRNATrkBıԪй㷺BDNFϺܹźͨ·
RasGRP1 mRNARasGRP1 mRNARas guanyl releasing protein 1һֲźתĵףTrkBźͨ·зҪá
Pten mRNAPten mRNA뵰ҰøܹPI3KAktźͨ·ĻԣӶӰԪʹ
Gab1 mRNAGab1 mRNAϸҰἤøĽϵ1ܹTrkBźͨ·Ļԡ
Shc mRNAShc mRNASHCת¼ӣTrkBźͨ·Ҫá
ܳһʱͣ٣߮绺˽ӽһ֮Ҳǿ˶˱ʡ
ֻܳɺ֪߮۵̶ȣȻ֧߮ǰ⡣û߮Ǹڵ㡣
Ӱת¼BDNFmRNAˮƽҪӰأôһЩ6
ӣNGFNGFܹͨTrkA弤PI3KAktMAPKERKźͨ·ӶӰTrkBźͨ·ĻԺmRNAıˮƽ
֢ӣ֢IL6TNFܹͨJAKSTATNFBźͨ·ӰTrkBźͨ·ĻԺmRNAıˮƽ
ԪԪĻܹͨCa2CREBźͨ·ӰTrkBźͨ·ĻԺmRNAıˮƽ
miRNAmiRNAһǱRNAܹͨmRNAеϴӶӰ䷭ͽ⣬ӶӰTrkBźͨ·mRNAıˮƽ
ת¼ӣת¼CREBNFKBSTAT3ܹTrkBźͨ·mRNAıˮƽ
߮磬㷢𣿾㣬ʵһε̬ĵλģʵЩŵİе㣬BDNF̫ŵİе㣬Ϊ㣬棬һЩ򡭡
ԸĽǰ⣬ṩһ˼·
ܳɽ꣬߮ͷ±۾֪˼Щʲô
ܳɷߴһ֮󣬽͵һӣڣ֮ǰ˭ţǵܳҽʦֻǸҽģ
ҪǱپҷǵ˺Ͳɡ
ҽҽǵҽǷŵڿܳ˵Լǵ壬ǰĵģҲҳɣ⻰⸴ӡ
о壬вģįпģһ˵׵ɬ
˲ţΪʲôڹǿưֱΪƶôȥľأ
ָܵ˽黰ıζ֮˵ڣѵǣҾãǿҵҽʱλãȷеţôһСõ˼
ȫһЩźð
ڣɱˣǵҽٴŵǰҶɲһҶȥܴĵġⲻֻǸڽˣҲǸܳɽ͡
ʵܳɲ㿵ôһеʱ򣬶־ϸؿǹܳԺķչְٶȵ⡣
ٹһʱ䣬ѹһѹϾܳɵְٶе̫졣
ڿҪﾡãҪܳΪڣ׷ſչֽš
һscienceϵĿģȻܳҵİ취ܹһİ취ֱ˼
ֻܳЦ˵ڣڣֻǺ߮̽һҲʵûʲô
ܳɿԵǼ֮ǰɵġ˺һεܳɣ΢һ֣߮Լȥͱһ㴰ֽѾ͵˴ſڡ
ͻƸкЯʦλã߮磬߮ӵȥ
Ȼ߮Ҳûܳʧ
ܳɻ˵֮ͣҴ֪ôˣллܳɣллʦллڣҲллλʦֵܡ
ʦĻҵþȥԽһʱ䣬һЩʦֵң𣿡
УܲһЩС£ҾͲˣʦǱҵá߮򶡳
Ҫ߮ѾҵѾѧϸ񽲲ӦռʦڵԴû취߮õ̫ˡ
ֵͷ
˵ҪҸͼ
ֵͷ֮æҡͷڣãǹǿʱˡллĺ⡣
־ǧ֮ˡ
ֱʾСܣЭĻᣬʵ̫źˣǳֿҵʵҺͿҸżһ¿鼴ɣ㿴𣿡
Ҫ˵Ǯģԣֿࡣ
Ŷѧľ档


İʮ Ⲣ
ܳԣĿ˼һ£ȻܣڣĺܱǸڵʱ൱ޣܳеΡ
סԺλõĻǿиĿʱ䣬ĶԲ𡣡
ܳɲԸʦһͬԲǵ̬Ȳã߲ϡ
ûôʱ䡣
Ҫģܰ˵ȥĻƨÿһ£Ҫġ
Ӧ̫࣬ɶɣⲻһѧô
ˣܳǼžԼ뷨ġ
˵ڣͲΪǿҵС˿ҲãǴĵֵ֮࣬⣬ﻹϿ⣬ҽԺ˶ʿоʦǴĵĸˡ
Ҫƽ̨ⶼǿ͹۵һЩѣĳ鲻ôʱˡ
ȻĻǹǿҲôģ϶˾ͨѧСְܼһЩְ񣬵ܴ򼸸ӣ
ʱޣöٴҪĿģԳ鲻
ңַĵĹ֮󰡣ʼѻתΪһЩģڣǵСͬ־û飬ҪһʱŮѡ
ͬ־ĸ⣬ҽԺһǺӵģ԰ɡ
Ժ϶лģԲǵСͬ־Ը⣬ǱŸ̬ȡԺһǿǿֵĻᡣ
ΪǿƵ˽ˣҲԷƱ
ϴѧҽԺĹǿѧƺƣȫѧƣȻԶԣƵۺӰߣǰ
һΣܳɲ֮£߮ԼͻƣϴѧҽԺۺӰؽһ
ټϣܳɵⶼԲͻƣɹһģôҽԺۺʵԼӰм档
һ֣ܹʵʵؽһҽԺ˵⣬ǾǴͽѧҽԺڵʵĿģҲǶֵ׷
ҪʡΪҽԴĴʡݣôϴѧĸҽԺͱҪ壬ΪҽԴĴʡݣڹڴڽΪȵλãƶҵӦרƵķչݼѡ
ֶôˣҪټǾԵòˡ
źһΪķչģСܰǿư
ǼȻ˵ĻڣҾȸ˰
Ҹһ飬ֵС˲ţλϣЩСˣġôһ䣬뿪ˡ
ȥͣһѹǿƵ
ȵٻʱ˶Ŀⶢֻ֪ὲЩʲô
ĶǹǿƵĴΣҪܳɵĻнȨܳǰסԺλõģֻǣܳҪٽһǾֻʣ¸ڸˡ
ʮĸڣʹ̼
ʱδ£߮磬һͳﰲһ¡
СܣҲһɣȻеʵңǣڷֹܵʵģҲǿʱõģȻܣҲΪ鷳ۡ
ִܳ⣬ͷ˵ãллΡ
㻹ǻƺɡе֡
߮磬һĴŰţҪоȥҪ֣һ̽һԱԼ顣
⣬ǰرڶоͲʿҪץᰡǿҵСͬ־ɲôġ
ʵҵˣǵ㣬ܾͱҵ˻ȥˣǺڶĪתۣôԼѧ˵
ܳȻﰵ룬
ʲôʱʵѽ
֮ǰ˵Ϊ˰ǰɣ
ɵ棬ܳҲʵþܾ涡ֵĺ⡣
߮ûЩϸڣ˵ʦҵѧʱûҲרҵ͵˶ʿо֮ǰԵʱһ档
ԣҿܻҪʦܣҡ
ҪϵģܳɸǱߣӦʱҲȻҵĴǡ
߮ŰѴ˵꣬־ͽУ߮磬ҪʦܣʵҶˣǰһϿ⣬ҪڽˣҪעһء
㵽ʱһ£˸㡣
⣬ܳǱߣҲбȽϷصĿ֮Ҫɹģ
һʵֻ治ʵҽղʿվû˽վ
ֻҽԺ棬һЩæˡֲ㣬鷳Ϊۡ
Ҫ˵Ŷ棬ʮ󺺣ټ߮磬һԺҽʮˣǹģСˣǼѧǣʹ˶ʮ˵Ŷӡ
ɣڷӵǰЩ֣ǲãǴʹʵʱһЩѵˡ
̬ܳ˵߮磬ߵĻʵGƿ϶ˣҽԺоܲĿ
ֻжϾˡ
߮Ц˵ǹزҲӹҿǸʦҲȽ׽Ҫ
ʦߵĻҴá
߮
󣬶ֵͷӦˣȴҲ潻߮磬ЩʦܣȻ˴ˣǱҵ⣬ҵҪø
ʱûҵģҾֻ鷳
˶ʿͲʿ뵽ͬĿ飬вͬĿоǿ飬ñ֤һҪ£ڰæĹУܹԼѧҵ
ÿҪ
һЩܱҵĺӣĸ⣬֮⣬ģǿ鱾ûôԴ䵽ÿѧͷ
ˣǾˡ
߮Դ˹ȥҪ֤ҵҪԴж࣬ҲҪʵչˣʵǶԵȵġ
˶ʿͲʿ֮Խʦϰ壬Ϊʦп⣬ԼǴ벻㹻ʿ˶ʿҵĿ𣬳رͻ
ϰ飬ĳɹǸ˭أ
ܳҲͬܳ
ǿģʦǰûûп⡣
˵˳ɹʦѹ㣬ҪժӣǸʦ⣬ԼʵɹͱԼȻʦǮëǮֺãǾԼǸˡ
ʲôҪ󻯡
ѧϰ󲿷ʱ䶼һḶ́ʵһġ
õģʦ߮ͷӦ
ôһҲ߮ݣ׷˸ı䣬һͨҽʦҲһ˶ʿоʦˣҪԼҪʵ飬Ҫѧıҵ⡣
ܳɾûˣʦ̶ֻȥ˰ҽԺ൱߾ǶһȦԼͽõѧУ
ͽȥ֮㲻Ϊ뿪˵λͰ̸ϳȥöˡ
Ҳһ
Ļ֮
ܳɾͰ߮һȥð߮磬ڶʼʦǰɣǲǲⰡ
߮翪ʼҿһơ
ʦѾܾûʵˣ֪ںܶǿԲġ
Ҫãܳɸ磬Һ㲻һʦġŲԱûаҾҹһˣʦ
һСҸ֧ûе̣ⲻֻʦ޶ëôֺ߮Ǻǵ˵
ҲðЩʦ֮ܰǰͺ裬ǻһЩܹõĳɹҲࡣ
ܳɸ磬Ҫ֪Ϊǿ˰
㣬ңһģ߮ͬһ㡣
߮ǰı䣬еɧ·ֱܳɷ˷ۡ
߮Ҳû˭ˣԼʦӡ
߮署ǶԵģ¹µĿ֮ǰҪһЩֹģȻĻֻԼȥһЩ˰æܹƽ̨ܳ
ֳɵ֣Ȼ
Ϊ߮ôԮ൱ܳɡ߮С飬ԱģѾӽ߰˸ٵĶˡ
ΪһЩ⣬ʵʵ̺ͷֻͬԼһĵϸϵһһģ̻
ڿܿ˳û˺Ʊ㡣
߮磬ȻѾλˣǾʹŷһ£ʵٴֻ֡
Ҿãٴ鲿֣ƿԲϾٴǾֻٴ飬Ҳٴơ
Ȼҵѧѧͷܡ
ѧоһЩʦܵĻڣҶȳһʱĻʵ顣
ذĻо̫ˣٴУǻо̫Ժҵ֮󣬹ʿʱ򣬲ռƣΪչǣ
ĻҴȥʵʵ棬еİ칫ңᣬʳãʡܴһʷá
Ӧ֪ﲻ֧飬ȽϽʡܼٿǿ
ЩʦǣʵżܺʦֵǰæмŦ
ǸĺĻҵȻһ·㣬ȥʱѼһЩݡܳô顣
ܾ߮ˣǲãܳɸ磬ҵ飬Լ㵽ʱУһ¾ͺã̱ҪߣԽԽ
һǣҺͷڴģһ˼Ĳ֣ҪǷȷֵģǿȥúֻ̽عһƹ̡
𣿡ܳԣȤ


İʮ ģ
Զ෢Լףȷ֣Ƕ෢Լףܳɡƻ߮һ֮ܳôʷơ
߮Ҳǿ˷ƣǷֵʱǡյһˣĿǰסڿٴǣʹ
桢زֲкɫϺɫƤ߿ˮס
ʵһԼǲ˺ͼշת˺ܶطûԸաԸյĵطһʱ֮ҲδЧ
֪ʶҲΪһַʪƱȽϺĶ෢ԼףϮ˹ؽں͹ʣڱȽϺû뵽ס֮ȷһиͲô¡
˵ʦղסԺʱҲǵǶ෢Լף֮ǰҸ㱨Ҳˡ
һȥ֮ٲϵʱ򣬾ͷ֡
෢ԼһԼʹΪҪֵԼ壬ҪٴԶԳ֫ˡʲѹʹѪøΪԼ֢Լ
ΪĻߣֻ߲ǰжԼ20ߺϲǴӲƤʪԹؽסۺԼ
һƤ֣ǲƵļڲ׵ʱ򣬾ò鵽Ӻļϡ
Զ෢ԼһֺԼҪۼƤͼ⡣Եļ֢Ƥ֣沿ֱⲿϥ㱳
ȻͨѼһЩϣҾͷ֣Ŀǰڴˡ
෢ԼƤ۵ı֡
Զ෢Լͨڽ˼⣬羱粿Ų෢Լۼ˺Զ˼⡣

ǰԶ෢Լ׵ƣƤʼغƼ෢Լ׵ƷʽһµġߵļĿǰûһȽϺõĶۡ
ΪҲһ߮磬ôһ֮ǰĳƺܳʦ߮硣
˵Ҳ鲻Ͽûд绰ʹ֮ǰƲҽԺƾ̣ܳʡ
˼ˣԶ෢Լף෢ԼףƣҲƣԼƵҩҲƣͬļûЧ
ԣûʲôԵݻƾΪοȫÿԼȥ
߮˵ҷһʼһλҽ˵ĹУȥˣӦЧ
ֲĻԽ١ͬ͹ҵĻͬȫƽΪ10˿210ˡ޵ʿܸ͡
˵ȫֻܹܾмʮ˱֡
ֲ֢֢״ͱֽΪӣڱ©ʵʻܻҪࡣ
ֻߵ5Ϊ759110Ϊ5883Ҫ֪ǰ֢Ĵ൱͵ˡ
ܳԣһ
ܳɾֲȫôʮȻҪȥҶҲ֪ҪģٴΣܹģƷ
ֻҪȫһķʵĻͲʲôˡ
ܳɾ˵ʵͣ߾ԷɢȷͳƳоԵƷҪ΢оһ²С
ԼҪķƣرһ·ʪһƷȻԡ
֣ӦòҪƸԤɣ
߮ҡͷƸԤʱûҲųҪƵĿԣֿԼ漰Ƶࡣ
ʵ˿ֱӶȥʪƣǾֻҪĿȥͺˣĲ٣ҲǹǿƵĲ֣Ҳúõ˽һⷽ档
ڷû֮ǰҶû˵ּ
ܳɾ˵ʪƹһ֮ٽɡ
ܳʵȤþûԼ֪ʶäĲˣٳ˺þá
Ȼ֮ǰΪܳûܲ˵ȨӴĲ֣ɸѡ֮ģ֣ǻ˵Ȥ
ңڼȻԼһСչƻȨô
ĺ֣ܳǲŹġ
ԼҪȴڷʪƺãֻǣƳҪƣԼʪأӴһΪá
֮ܳǻһµڴ˳ķӡ
ֵȻǷƣֻҪѼֵ࣬ͺá
ܳҪһǣĿǰõϿ֮⣬˻Ǹר⣬ʽҲˣоĿ𣬲ϵġ
ҪΪܳĿеףеҽƽг롣
ܳɵĽʽдȶҪһ֣ôʽϷʽȳ˵ȺΪã൱ܳȥһԵ㡣
£ܳҲ
ͬʱʼʱһ֮ģ⡣
ģ⿪ʼ
ĿǰҵѾӵвƵʢ㣬ѾӵһЩλȻӴĳֲŨȤ
ȻӵԼٴԼ⣬ȻͨѧӰԼרҵӰȫһͬеİ˲Զ෢Լ׵Ļߡ
һԼеٴ⡢⣬£ٴڹȴʡԹǿӰشڹڿʼ롣
ͬʱ㱻ƸΪڣΪ˲ʿʦӵŶ˶ʸ񣡴ʱȻȥİֵо򣬵Ҳ˻ľ
ͬ꣬ΪʢĻ񣬹֮ˣϯУڹϵ֪רڡ
Ϊİֵƹ̼ΪӣЧԤ⣬Ȼ˵õȬиĲԤ󲻼ѣܵһĳ
ڵԺУΪĳɾͣרҵȺҲ˴ȵ֧֣㿪ʼȫչģĵؽƷĵ滮
ʮڵŶΪľ㹻ǿѵʽ㹻࣬Զ෢Լ׵УһĳЧչ
ʱ˾ٱ㿪չٴ飬һֲˣΪԲǶ࣬ĩڵĲ䡣
㱻ȡ֤ΪϽѧ磬Լٴ鿪չ֮ǰŷḻٴ龭Լǰ۴ѧֻǱͣ˴˿⡣
־ᶨ㣬ȻȻѡ˴ְӺͺӣڹ⽨ٴģڷʱͶ֮£˴ԭʼ
顢
㾭ֵĲԤʼּ˵ı仯֮һĿ֮ԤȲƸ̡
ֶʮ֮ƣоȻû̫չжеλ֮֮ǰһбҷ
㱻Ǵ𣬱𣬱Ӻͺ·֮ǰǲ͹һˣûܵӰ졭
ʮһ꣬㱻ʧɱ
ģʧܣ
ģۣʿʼʣΪǼȵĶУΪ˵ıʣͬΪʵĻϣҾ徣վա
ɻһܡ
Զ෢Լƾ飨ͨ
ޡ
ܳɿ꣬ˮ
ģЩ֣ѾѸı顣
Ϊʵеܳɣ֪Լģ棬µоɹԼоʱҪֵĲˣʵʵ棬ʱѻ֮µڡ
Ҳ˵Լģ治ôʵУ϶ҲҪ㹻ȥ֧Ӧ飬ܹõɿĽ
ˣһģ⣬ֻһ־һô޾ľ
ʵ࣡
һβڶΣҪǲ̫١
ҽѧһ͸ӷޱȣԼĻۣҪȥתİҲһӳƲأⲢûʲô
ϵźܶ࣬ǰ֮һļʣڵţȻÿʱÿһʱ̣ˡ
ҽѧƵоչɻ

ʮ֮Ϊ˹ڶĹǿƽڣרҵĿﵽ۷壬յѧȺ뿪Ŷӣһ˼Ĳʿѧλ
ңĲʿоҲȺ뿪ڵĵλȥλ

ʮоɹЧоɹɹ֮ʱδз죬еڿ˷ɱеĳ磬㱣־룬ΪѾǽ壬󡭡
Ʒ֮ʹȥҽصйѧϰС飬оɹ¼ϣù¡Ц̸ʽΪ壬϶ȹ
ʮ꣬ã޼ա
֮󣬵һλҽѧصаЦ̸Ӧٴ֮ʱƷŵԲɢ֣ȴûããʷ֮С
ƷıΪͶ෢ԼƷ
ģ
ܳƷŲˮڰصģͽ֮ܳɱ㿪ʼã׸ôݷԱȽϺЧʽ֮ڣ֮ԼҷֹܵǸϡ
УȻǲеġ


İʮ ֪ܳ
ƵķȻ֮ǰҩò̫һĶͬ
ʱǹ˻˻ȻҽѧûٴͿڴܾãңʱЩҩΪҾãƷߡ
ЩҩӦʷ㹻ݣҷӰ߲ûκܹ꾡ؽͳƣΪʱӦõЩҩﾭ䣬окܶҩӦڰ֢ϣôΪĲֶ˶ԿЧܳھ
һҩãôܳɼȡһЩݣҲҲԵĵطȥع֮ǰݵʱҲܹõƵĴ𰸡
һεԶ෢ԼײһǺ֡
ȫͲ࣬ĸ֮٣ܴһֲ˹ƼļҲδܳɻҪһεļƻʼʩǺѵġ
ҲֱӰѷööˣûеײ߼
ЩҩһֻǼͬԵĲв죬˵ɵģҲûмо֧š
ҪǣܳҪԵ߮ͷơ
ˣרҵԣ˵ԣǶǷǳǿģ㲻˵զľզģ˿ǻᰵȥظġ
˵㽲ܽģŶõģһȥҲһ£Ҳ鲻ģܲõ¡Ҳ鲻ܲ鵽Ⱑ硣
رרҵˣ൱ѺŪġ
ҲܲŪϾⲡԼ˵˷ƣԼܵŶ棬պԼҲΪԱ֮
ô£͵úúõһȽ׵ķˡ
ǾǵǰѧоһȽϳõķҩĽ̽
ʲôн̽ˣϸʵ߶УҩļһĵȱݶȽͷţȻ۲첻ͬŨҩԸòֵЧ
ȻѰΪеĵ㡣
˵0.1gl1gl10gl
ҵڵȲеѰʵҩŨȱȡ
ٴƹУͬҩŨȷ̽ģʽҪΪ֧š
ȻĿǰܳѾӵһЩݣ֪ѵƷȣܳҪģǾСĲͨеƷȥٽӽѷȻҪһƼɵġ
ڶԣʱȥظϸʵǶʵ飬Ȼٽٴ飬ĿǰĲˣʱ϶ǲġ
ԣǰԶ෢Լ׵ļУ෢Ƥ׵ƷֳɵģвͬƷ
ܳɾʹ㣬ͨ̽ȥѰһԶ෢ԼƷӽļȻٽ΢ҩŨȣ΢Ƿƺ̫߮ɺϣҲмѭ໳ʲô
ܳ˳ﻮ֮վȥ˷Ƶİࡣ
յƵʱ򣬷ƾ;ϢܳҲһۣʦûͰɣ
㾫ͷðֵͦУܳһ״̬ѵõ˯һ
ûвˡʮһ˯ڡƱ˵ŷۡ
ţǻáϴѧҽԺûӺ٣ǰʱҽԺǼ֮һСʱм٣ҲѾָ
ˣСʦڶʲô̬Ȱܳɹĵһ䡣
Ƶȥ⣬ƻûиȷػظ
ƻûش𣬰˿ֵ̽һͷû˯ɣ
ܳɵͷûͰɣ°ԼȥԣƸǰ˵
ϴѧҽԺʦڼƵļ浱࣬ҹࡣ
Ӧ˵ֵ൱ۣ൹ûΪݾͱԴ
װࡢࡢҹࡢһ챸ࡢ࣬ȫݡ
Ȼ͸ҹУж⼱Լ⼱ʱҪϰ࣬жݵĴ֮ᡣ
İǱ౻ӰˣҵĲˣϴѧҽԺҲֹйǿ˺ҽ
Ҿ͹ܳûӦ˯Ÿҽ
Ǹ˵㣬Ҳ֪ȻҾͺǸʦһˡ
ҽԺְֱӿԺʦ͵ģζǳԭζ׷ۼƵֵͣĻһرůθ
ûϵҲѰͳԵġ˯˸þһѹŲϹǿƵĲˣưˡδ£ֻбϢҵĴϣܳɴ׷۵İװ˶Էƽ
ǴĲˣռҵ˼
˺ܶࣿܳʣǲ˼Ц
ǲأҶƵģûģƵļﲡ˶ҹƽ¥ңӦǿҲæùǺǼ͸඼Ӱˡ
ǹǿԱȽˡз߷߲ƽڿʼΪ˵ˡ
ҲǹһۣȻ͸Ͻ°ȥˡ
ҽŮӣҪƤãͱն˯ȻĻðƤ˥
ߺܳɲźͷ˵Ʒ飬˵ƣȥ֮󣬲һףҷְԶ෢Լ׵ķ෢Ƥ״ͬС죬ֻϮĲλͷͳ̶вͬ
ڹϵĶ෢Ƥ׵ƷԲֲ̫һ׺Ҿãǿ԰Ƥʼرȳƶ෢Ƥ׼߳ٷ֮ʮļΪʼƼ
ƼĻ΢ѡһЩѡٷ֮һٶʮļΪʼƼɡ
Ȼø죬۲Ч
ߵ߿𣿼Ǳôġ
Լǿ黯ģ黯ƻԼʪԼϺУ൱á
ûлܳƷֻ˵ʦ黯һҪһڳĻð²ų
Ҫ걾Ƚ϶ࡣ
ǵǿܳɵͷϴѧҽԺĲܶ࣬黯רƵң˵ơ⣬רҵơơ
ǵȥһҩȻͻȥɡܳôһ£ҲǹϼҽףҪԱȽϼ򵥣Ҳۡ
õģʦ°ֱ֮ȥʵˣ߮ʹҵˣҴӦ˹ȥæ
ˣʦϴתһѾռһЩϺݣȥһۣĿǰЩϣܷܲʲôõĻǾͻҪѼ
⣬ϴڻˣ˵˿ƵҲڽӴ׼ټһ˸࡭վ󣬰ܳɰ׷۵İװˣô˵һ󣬾˳ȥ
ʵڿһǱǾڵƷϼҽʦģƷҩ࣬ҩļӦõҩ
ϴѧҽԺƷǴĽȷġ
Ҳ˵ϴҪʲôҩֻҪϴͬ⣬Ϳˡ
ʵϴһܳɵ
ܾ֮ܳʲô潻֪Լʺ̽ЩԾֱˡ
ܳûػ˳˼
ڡ
ܳ˺һ֮󣬲ȥһǸˣһ²֮󣬻ϿԶ෢Լ׵֮󣬾ʹȥһϴڡ
˵ļ˹סܳɵ֣ҽлл㰡ͷҽˡ϶ܸӣҪǶĲǡ
İɴ磬ǿ϶ᾡģʱǵٳ⵰ףͽʳĵף缦Ѽ⣬ٳԾ԰
ʵӵײԾһĹֻǶڷڵУߡ
ʱǽʳĵʣٷӦĻͻ鷳
ܳģĹУʳûģҲһЩˣʳ֮󣬼˲飬пǼԼ
ҲпĹԭ
ȳͷ
Ȼǧлزŷء
֮ܳɲŸȥ˴ơ
ֻǣܳɳڴƲʱ򣬲ûзϴǡ
ܳɵѧܳɣڻڴƵĲѰһЩ
Сأ첻հܳʡ
Ŀ˸˵ʦڽϾûҡ
أһڡ춼û鷿ôܳʡ
ӦòڰϴԼôܽϾͲأûôİ
ʦŲһȦʦ˵Ϊ첻գˣͺǽһ˵һҽԺ
ǽϣûǿһڵʦҲȥˡҲ֪ʲôҲʡô
ʦ鷿ʱ򣬻ҽұ˵Щ
ҡıɬӦʦֲܳ˵ܳɸȫܳ˳
аɣûˡ
Ȼ֪ҾͲ绰ˣûµĻһȥƣҿԺ˴ŵϣѧϰôܳɾã⡮£Ҳÿѧϰˡ
û뵽ǣܳôʣɫһЩڴ
õʦ


İʮ ֫ٳ
ʦں˴Ų棬ôȥ񾭺ѪܰҾҪṹѡڻشܳһЩ֮󣬰ɻ󽲽˳
ʦֺ͹ʦˣҲÿ񾭺ѪܵμΪѡΪ˽ԼǲŬǾͰλһԱȡ
һ棬ʣĿΡ
ܹʲΣֱܹͬļ켰Σ˵ʹȡ
Ҫ񾭺ѪܵĲĻҪӾϸĶ˴ԭƬ
ȵݣѾӰƵҽܹĶģˮƽרҽû취ӦΡ
ҪʹסƬĹףҪһЩΪרҵ֪ʶи
˵ʵƺ˴ƬһӲĿǰԣûнݾԡ
ܹܳгͬˮƽǴʲôΣѾѾ˹򣺡Ҫ񾭺ѪΣȥרƵĻѧ֪ʶҪ˽һº˴ųĻԭ
֪˴ųҪHOĳԥá
ں˴еʾص㣺ͨΪźǿΪΧ֬ʾнϸߵˮųԣΧ֯źŵźš
ԭǣ񾭵ʾҪT2Ȩ񣬼һɨ£֯T2ֵϳT2Ȩлʾźǿȵ񾭽ṹ
Ѫܵʾص㣺ѪͨΪźǿΪѪҺеѪ쵰׶MRIźŵĲƣѪΧ֬ҲźŵĲơ
ԭѪܵʾҪT1Ȩ񣬼һɨ£ѪҺеѪ쵰׾нϳT1ֵT1ȨлʾźǿȵѪܽṹǲһġ
һT2Ȩ濴񾭣T1Ȩ濴ѪܡҪˮĥضȥϰ
ѧϰ˵ûнݾҲһĽݾѧϰķʽͬԣƽʱƬʱγԼصӦê㡣
ѧϰêʲô֪ɣ㸨ѧϰһֹߣǿռ䷨䷨һѰһƷ
ЩˣѧϵĴ˶ԿռάṹǳУѧۣʵ棬ǳ񣡡
ѧˣк㡭
Ҳ˶С
ˣһ飬ͺϤܹٵزһƪеĹؼ֣һܹ֮Ѵ˼ԭǶС
ˣѧϰƣܹסܶܶݣȻڻͨʱдº֯
һЩ˵ĻǶСǵһЩ֣ѡ
һôǾ˵ܶҪȰ
һЩˣǰ֪ʶϵܳΪռ乹ܺ󣬲ͬĽڵ㣬òͬĶ
ѧϰê㡣
ܹƬĹУ񾭡ѪܡͼֱгɲͬĶһԿŵλƷô´ƬʱٿЩ͹ǰ
ͺñȣǰɣ
Զʱһ飬͵˦˦ͷƺۣγ˼ĺ¼䣬ֲ
ܳɼ״˵ˣֻҪⶫͼ֡صĴȵȣ㶼̵طӦܹƬеһЩ֣ЩصģôԺƬĹУȷֵľЩ̵Ķ
ʦܲܲ񾭺ѪܱǸmouseѽԼϲ˵ʣճӢ
԰Լôȥ滻ԣֻǸһӡ
Ϊȥ߮ʵģôѧģļ䷽һ̣ȻҲֹ̣ƽĽṹУܹѴ£Զ໷Բεʽڼ棬ʱȡӡ
Ҷû뵽ѧϰôѧܳɿЦ
źͨ˵ĲǾ޴ģܹܳô֪ʶ˵ȡɣʱĶѻܳģ棬֪˶꣬ȫǿӲſһЩĶ䡣
߮粻һʱޣȻ֪ʶȲܳɣλʱڵѧϰЧʣ֪ܳɵĶٱ
ܳȻ˵츳Ҳһ
Ƕ츳ߣ߮ˣ֮ǰѾˣѾ˺ܶණֻƽﲻչֵ£һ˲֪
ллʦҲ֪ʦΪԼѧϰ˺ܶ
ʦصǸappҺλʦֶѾڲ汾λʦֻһķ˵ҪϷȤĻһܵĽƶȡ
ͱ˵һʲôܣԴɼܾ۳ȥȻ󷽱ͨء
ܳԣ龫ʣǻⶫϷǰɣ
ΪѧϰappģϷappġ
ٴεͷǵѽʦѧϰappλʦ˵ӵ˼ܵ£Ǿǲ⣬ô׷ѰʱȥѰҲ߼ԭ
ܹҵѧϰϾʦǸϷÿһ裬Ҫѡģǰ趨ֵơ
Ǳ˵ؽûûеȼ֮ǰͲܿչҪõļܾᣬʵеѶȣ׬һѣϷʽȥõ༼ܡ
ͬʱѾ˼ܵ£ͨأǾ̫ˣʦ˵֣ܼϷҵѧϰġתú档
ܳԣ˼
˵ʵܳǰϲϷǼԣ԰汾ܳɿһߡ
Ǻ˶սʱǲ治ϰͻģ˵APMһܹﵽ١һЧAPMô
ϰ̫ΣòЧҪ츳źѡ
ڿһЩϷƺ
ƲѣˣҲǿеġ
õģҿǿǡܳɵͷء
лС˵
ʦϷԱȽ϶ģʦڹʱðϷָһ£ҪʲôҽģҽѧȰϷȽϺáܹһЩȤصҡ
ȻĶλǮĻô˵
ܳɶʱЩЦãأʲôǵĽȷЧ
ʵܳɵĴ㲻ˡ
ȻȥٺúõһƬʱ񾭡ѪܵêɣѰ˼Ѱ˼ܳ˵
˵ʵ֮ܳҪôһappʵܳɵĿǹ㷺شҵߵҵˮƽͨϷappܹ͹۵ķӦһҽʦˮƽ
ȻҰеġ
ҪȤζĻǾе㱾ĩãûһûĻôappҲûôˡ
ڵϣôǲϷʹֺͼôԪأˡ
appʵ͹۽ǶȽЩģرʺϴʱã˿ܻҪһЩۺ͹ԪؽȥǲǸһЩ
ϾϷǸĹڵġ
뵽ܳɾȥ߮ˣһ绰ȥ߮磬ǸҽģĹڣƵôģôƣϷô֣ҿԱд߷΢ܹ꾡һЩ
ϷľǺҪһ֡
ܳɸ磬ģдϷһ飬ұУ׼˺ü׾飬ǵĳʼͬôĹҲ᲻һġ
Ҹ㽲гĳʼܹʮһЩдҽĹµ߰æһд
־Ժҽࡢ˶ʿ˵ҩȵȡ
˵ҲǴţұҪרҵܶࡣ߮Ӧûæʵ飬ԺȤ
ţ˰ʱһ¡ܳ˵
֮ǰ߮翪ļ۸ǧһ٣Ӧùˣ֪߮ǶдԼС˵Զֹǧһ١
ϧܳԼ̫
ѽǮ͹ˣϾǰҲҽѧרҵģȻûһʵҲϣҵԽطչá
ˣ˵ˣҲЩ˽ڲ⣬ǵʱһЩ
ܳɸ磬ѾõһǣϷòΪΪѶΪѵģܹһ򵥵רҵٷ̳ʱʱһЩԻĵ
֮ͬĽ
⣬һ¾ǣҪȨ׼ҹһϷģܾڿˣѾⷽʹҡ
ǣڿƵģҪӽĻ鷳ҲͬѧƵԭרҵԣͬܵȼȣҪרƵԼȥ趨Ҫ趨ƣ֪ҪãҲ֪Ƿܹɹ
ҾãԼȥģʱӰϷ߮Щ˵
ţãǾֻǹǿƵݣҵģǹܲˡܳЦЦء
֪Ҫã֪Ƿܹɹ
ܳɼѵóɹΪֻҪͬļܷڲͬвͬ⣬ڵȼĻ֣ҪԼճ̶ȷǳˣܹĲεġ
ҲܳԼԳֵмܣȫٶ˴ڣȻĻĿȻ޷ơ
ܹ֪ܳǹ
ǻֳͬܵĲͬȼٴ½еȼ趨͸ߴ⹤ͷ̶߳ȣЦİ
߮˵ܳɸ磬һ㲻ǶԹǿƺͼв֣˽ú͸ɣ
£ܳɲʡ
ţҷ
ˣһ绰ܳɿ͢ҵ˵绰͸ϽҶϡ
½ڣ
СܣڰСʱһǻתһ˵ҽԺǽ֫ģ㿴ܸܲһ֫ͥҵھû˿ס


İʮ Ǳ취
½ڣܳµңͥҵ󣬳ͥҵһܳɵĲӽ鸴ӡ
ͣɬ˳ͥҵڡ
ͥҵǹһƵĲΣҲĿǰϴѧҽԺƵĿ֮ˡϴڵĶʦԼǰϼҽʦ
ͥҵҲܾԼܳ˵֮ǰǷЩ̫ʣֻһ˵Сܣֻƽ˵ôһڹɶǰɣҶǹǿƵһˡ
Ҳû㵱ˣŸ㽲ЩҪǼĻҴɽЩס
˵֮ǰڳеʱ򣬴ϴѧҽԺκ꣬͸ϴѹЩġͥҵ棬͵Ҳֱס
֫Ȼٶֲָ֫֫壬һֿԵľܳɣʱܳɣϴѧҽԺû̫Ĺϵ
ȻĿԶȥ߸ôѣΪߣΪľܳˡ
֮ǰڳҽҽԺǿƵʱͬΪϴѧҽԺƵġˡκ꣬ȥܳһʱ䣬ڸһã൱ܳԴġ
ϴأҲǸڣκ£κôǻȣȻ¼ҽԺ绰ȥϴҲȥˡ
ҲǲԸ˺󣬶ͥҵ˾Լн֫Ķֲ֫

û˴ֲͬ
ο
κ˻ܳɣԣκΪڣڿԿչϴԼҲѻ۵ȶ󣬿ʼȥˡ
ڵĽǣǳͥҵȥˣҲûܰѶ֫ȥʵ÷ϵĵطѾˣûϵرãǻ֫Ѫܵȴʧȥ˻ԡ
ңʱҲˡ
֮֫Ķֲ֫ѵĵ㣬Ǵ֫Ľ˲жˣڽ֫ԶˣһʱҪģǾԲܳʮСʱ
ʱ̫ãɶپȻ
ǣڽн֫ʱ򣬱ȱѪһʱ䣬Ȼϴһʱ䣬ٳͥҵģڲתϴѧҽԺ
ʱ͹˶ʮĸСʱˡ
½ڣҲ˼ܳĵ
ô˵أڿϴԼĹϵȻǱκҪ׽Լκһµʱ򣬵ֵϴ˭ܳɶ㲻
뵽ô࣬ҲôҲ벻ԼʱֻǺͱһ¿⣬ʱκģʶϤϴôѹ
½ڣȥʱ򡭡ܳɻҪͼ䡣
ͥҵȴ˷ʱ䣺ȥǺûϵСһҪúõؿһ£ܹȵùãǾȲĻôҲֻȥͲ˺ͼ̸ٽ֫ˡ
֮֫󣬶ֲ֫Ҫٽ֫
ôڣʲôҲ
£֮ǰͽ˵ģҲڹϴ
ǰҽԺҽëǣɹȻɹ˲漣
ûʧȥϣ֮ǰκ˶ϣܹһ֮ġ
½ڣҾֻܳӦӼ˼֡
ͥҵʣҽʱ䳬˶ʮĸСʱһ㣬Ӧû̫ɣ
Ҳ֪ȥɡܳ˻ظ

ҵʱܳɾͿϴ˿̻ظѪ״̬ȶ
ҽܳɽң˹̨ϴ˽һ
飬ƺŵ֮ɫҲ֪ǲǺԼļԱ˵ļ鷳
ܳûػȴȡ
ӦһŮӵȣŮӵͲӦҲǶʮ꣬϶ϷƤΪֻۣǴ˿жѪ
Ȼ֫Ķ϶Ѿ·
ڶ϶˵·ɫףӦȱѪˡ
ʼʱ򣬷ػѪ𣿡ܳһ֮ǰĲ裬ôһ
ˡȥ֮ȴľһϴͷ
ʱͥҵû⣬ֻش
ܳȻٿ˿ӵѪҺ͸ǣѪҺѹͲӦԶ˳ֵĶĻ
ѪҺǾͿ϶Ѿʼ˹
ţܳٷֱӹܵĶӶ˶ȡ£ֱ۲Ѫʱܳɾͷ֣ǶˣǾˣȻҺ̬ѪҺš
ѪҺӵĵطǴһѪ˵ģֻ˶Ӻ󣬷ǲѪܵĹǻڣ϶ٷ͡
һֱȽϺжķǣ˿Ƕ;ͨͨ˳϶Ͳˣˡ
Ҫȡ˨𣿡ͥҵܳɡ
Ҷ֪϶Ƿ˶ĿԾѪ˨Զ
Ѫ˨ȻҪȴѪ˨Ȼͨ
ʱȲãܲڽȡ˨ˣҪпȡ˨ܳɱص˵
ҽͥҵûΪܳ˵˿֣ٱƱƣǰȨȫܳɡ
ܳЩƺʲôƵģȻ̽һ»֫СȺ󷽡
ȿǷڹǽĤۺѹȵѪѹȣѪ˨
ҽѾˣûнĤڵѹϴϾͷӦܳɵĿģԻظ
ǽĤڵѹǿͨģȥҪӺһЩ
һעܳɸϽѲطԸ
ʱʵһָӼ򵥵زԷ
ǾȥŶδһһشĸλõ̫á
ֻĲҪǳϽҾͨĽѧ֪ʶͨĿǰ̬ܹܳѪܵΡ
עѲϸеʿеʿݸܳɣûγעıա
ܳɽӹ֮󣬰ѱײ𿪣Ȼȶŷ϶϶·԰λõֶδ˽ȥ
һоϸ΢ͻƸкܳϾͿˣע棬ʲôûУ·һ㣡
ʱܳѡ˻سһ¡
ڻسĹУú⣬ȻѪҺ뵽ע档
һǴţѪͨġ
Ҳûɣϴʡ
ܳϸһעѪҺ״̬֮󣬾ʲôƵġ
ڣѪҺ⣬Ӧٹעط˶в㣡
㿴ѪҺɫǾѪǶѪǵĲѪλǶѪҺӦ÷ġ
Ƕв㣬ҪѪ˹Ѫ֧ܣҽԺôܳɿٵʡ
ϴ㶣ͥҵȴѡţϴ绰ȥʣ
Ѫ֧ܣѪƵеҪѪȥϵҲҵӦе̡
Ѫֱ֧ܵзֱģҽԺûд֪
ͥҵܿزͨѪεĵ绰һӦ֧ܾͱѲػʿңʱܳɾѾ˶ʡ
ʵλڸ·
ܿ죬ܳɾĲ֮£Ѫ֧ܸ˽ȥ
ôĹУѪҺǵһˣǿʼ˻켣ƺѪҺڻ
ˣϴ״ϲһ
ܳȴδ˶ϲá
Ϊδ˵ţһĶͨȻλõѪλûδ
ô£ƺðڵĲ裬һΣֹܲһΣäĿ̽ǲеġ
ϴЦݲŷ𣬺ֽܿӲ
ɫţȴһԲҷ
ͥҵҲܳɣͬʱ˫Ŀڿת˼Ű취ͶԲߡ
ѾݻĲûκ֮ǰƾԽڵҲδȷ
Ѫ˨ҲǻѪĤ˺Եļв㡣
ȻһûܳɣܳɸоһѹѹûӰ쵽ܳɵ˼ܳԳ˼Ƭ̣˵ڲ֪ǲǼвѪ˨дڵ£뱣סһʱ޵ȵĻ
ֻܲȡһֱ취ˣֱӿѪȫ̽ʰɣ½ڡ
ͥҵһ㶣ϻظСܣѪܱ¶û⣬ֻʱ䲻֮Ȼ޼¡
¶ѪܣʵǷʱ飬οọ̈̄
Ѫܽʱ¶ɲֹڻ˳ŶھͿˡ
ķ˴ʱ䣬֫϶ѾˣͨҲû취ָ
ȫ̽ʱ¶ȻǾˣֻô
½ڣ߮йɣʱͨͨǱҪһʱ򣬾ͲҪˣˣʵʵذصİ취ѰҲ
ⲻǼ򵥵ۻʲô⡢ܹѰҲˡ
ãͥҵĻɣֻǸһ飬ҪܳɵƷ
ϰѲظ߮˵绰
Ȼٻͷ̨ʱ򣬾ͷ֣ܳɵ·ǿ˹һһֱӴСжε㱳࣬Բпߣһ㲻ˮ
ȣȻǡô
û̫ѪҺӿ
ѵΪѪ˱ͱͣԲûѪҺ
ܳɵĲ̫죬ͥҵ˼ʱܳѾʼ԰ˣûӦʱܳɾѾͨ԰룬ſ˼㣬ǰһָ˳
ͬһ
ͥҵ๾ĭĬĬջظոյĻԼһܳɿеı취Լֱ취


İʮ ˵Ĺ
ܳĲʵܼ򵥣п
пĵһָʹĳеͨΪ֯пڵƲ̣Ĳ֮һ
㺰һʵϰҲŵֵһп
ʵϰĹУʵϰܹһƤпȻ·꣬żŲκǳʲôĪĶֻҪһЩҪ㡣
˵޾ԭ򣬱˵
ϴппԻ½Ƥ̶СпĴָʳָпԹ̶вֱֹ֯бУȴֱƤȻתƤ45бǣõпƤƤֱ֯Ԥпڵĳȣٽת90Ƥ洹ֱ򣬽пڡ
Ȼپͨ㣬пʱҪõȣһпȫƤʹпڳ״пڱԵƽипڱԵβӰϡ
пʱҲͣҪ֯Ƥ֯Ƥͬʱп뱣ͬһȣƤ֯пȽƤпΪ̣ü
пƤƤ֯漴пΧٴ϶޾ĤճпڲλпԸͱ˿Ⱦ
һϣڽֳ̿ݣû취ܳĿǰĲ̺ȡ
׻п֣пŵ
֪ܳڵĽѧ۵ϴ˿ʣҽڴѧʱ̸ǵνļܵȼƶȣпͬȼ֮䣬λ֣
ϴôһʣϾͱԼʦͥҵһۡ
˵࿴
ҽ㲻ͥҵࡣ
ʲôʱ򰡣㶼ǸˣҪЩĹô
ǰʦͽʱ򣬿⣬棬ĹػҪġ
ܳɲûзģϴ⣬ȴûлظǼٵŶΣһһͬǽţһذ˵СȽ⿪εķ϶
ڷ϶ٵر¶
û֮ǰͥҵģ˷ʱʱ䲻
̶̲ʱ䣬ܳɱNµļΣȫ¶ǰø
Ѫֱ̽Գ񼣡
˭ܹڶ̶̼ӣеĶȫ̻¶
ܳ΢΢һ
ʦһ̽һѪ̶ܵͨȰɣʵڲеĻǾʱһζ̵ͨ·ȰѪ˻ָ˵ܳô鲢롣
ãҽϡ
ϴæеͥҵٴָʹԼѧȥ
Ǹѣ㲻ҪٸҸ飬κ⣬ȵʡ
ʵѶ¶̶ֳȵĻԱȽϼˣֱ£۾ͿԿﲻͨһУеĻδѪҺ֮ͨ󣬼СѪȻжҲҩķʽѲͨĵط
⣬ϾΪˡ
һеʣֻΪܳչʾһֽӽ뻯п
п
ѣ
пЧ
ǰϴԶôԼڣһζԼ֪һĻɡ
һ߮ʹȿ˸ӦŽˣͬʱѾϴ֡
·׿̨ʱ͵һ͹½ڣѪ̽úð
߮籾óѪƵ֪ǫ̂Ѫ̽ˮƽ
ɲģСģСãǽ֫ٶֲ֫ģѪ˲ͨӦжĤ˺ѣҽͽһ¡ܲһû߶ͨ
Դڵĵ绰߮ˣЦһ䣬ҲϽӹӦĹߣȻʼ
ֻǣһεĲ֮ǰĴ󲿷֫Ѫ̫ܵס
ΪһʱѶѪܱ¶
൱ھͣҪôô
ͳʱ֮ѡпڣΪ˲㡣

ȻĽǣͥҵϴرѵһ̨ܳɺ߮ڰСʱڣͰҪĲŪˣʣµľǳʱǿȵķˡ
Ѫ̽úöҴ󣬵ҲӦķʱͻ䳤
ֻҪܹסȣϴҲǿԵġ
ͥҵ̨ϢȥˣϾ͸ϴһˣϾϽڣ΢˵㣬ԾֻС̨ϼͦ
ϴܳɺ̨߮Ϣ
֪ܳϴһϣڣҪȥϢɣҺСβͺˣڵΣģǴ
ϴǽ˸ЦС϶˰ɣҵһеĳƺţԷĪˣһɡ
һ죿ܳҲôһ
ѲػʿԼеʿ˼ֲ֣Ŀˡ
߮͵ȳͥҵ뿪һʣܳɣǼʱ䣬ͰôѪζ¶ˣ
׼ȷ߷ӡϴعþݸ߮͡
߮һ
Ĳ˿ģܳɲǵһŲΣԼҲһΣ֪ߵԤ󲻻رֻǿ϶ûǵһʱֵôá
ֱӽ֫˵ܰȱסѾǻߵĸˡ
ܳɳ϶ŶϴЦŽڣ֮ǰҵ⣬Ц֮һ趨뷨Īˡ
ҺѧЦ֮һЩ뷨ҲǶǵһϸҪɡ
пĵȼô֡
пţпΪʮ׻пڣ׼ƿп0.5ף
Ҫ󣺲ظµпڲܳߣпڲƲƫ3ףпȲܳ1סʱ20롣
ȼֻв෽ƫƵҪ󣬶пȺпĳȣر̵Ҫ󡣡
пһȼձߣпΪʮ׻пڣпƤ½Ĥ
Ҫ󣺲ظµпڲܳߣпڲƲƫ뼤0.5ףпȲƤ½Ĥ벻0.5סпڳ0.2ףʱ5롣
ΪʲôпȲܳ0.5װϴԣһʡ
ܳҪ󣬺ֹ̣
⻹ֻǵڶȼô
ΪƤ½ĤѪֲܷе̫бȽ϶ĳѪԭҲ׼ܳЦŽͣÿһݣϸ˼ǹġ
һȼ㻹ô趨أϴһ߷ϣһʡ
߮Ҳ˹֪ܳڵһЩ֪ܳɵ׵ôˣϸڣҲûʡ
п3ôп3ûпȵҪˣǱʮڣﵽƵĹ۶ˡؽǻڡ
ҪǲּܳˡܹѪܺ񾭵ˣҳѪвܳٺȻ̫ˣ˹ڽꡣ
룬Ҳ򵥰߮ĿأȻܳɶЩأǿлǲС
п4רУʮڣרκһҰҪ󣬳Ѫ100ml
п5Сп֮һĴ棬ִĺĲλѪ200mlѪ1500mlв˺κβҪ˼֯
һʱΣʱرпڣ뵽ýĵطѪѪӿ״
п6Ļһûãһȼܳ¶һ޺Цݡ
ʱ򣬲ϴ߮磬Ȼؿܳɣӡ
߮㿪ʼ²ˣѧĵùһûҷĶҪ֪ҷĶ˵ЩдС˵ˣϸʵ趨
϶ȥ
棡ҲδҪ档ܳô͡
ı׼Щ̫ڿ̣趨ʱ򣬻ҪǵʵȻĻʵкܶδܹﵽ4ˮƽ
ھ׼ٶȣǵһλԲļ
ȻܹһжãõǶԵġ
ϴʼϵʱ˿˵ʩչģӦþ6ˮ׼ˣҪҶĻôҿ϶˵п6밴ѪλΣʮ֮ڣ񾭺ͷ֧뿪
ҪǲܳĿ֯Ķѻ
ܳԣЦЦ˵ڣ˵ЩϸѪܺ̽ĵȼ֣пҲôֵĻЩˡ
ӦֻѪ̽ǵп
ǻϴͷʼؿʼԼķϣһ룬Ҫܳɣûˮƽ֡
ǣϴֲˣԼӦˮƽȼ̫ΣȻֱ̫ס
ȵȥ̡
СܣǸϷ֮һҪһʱ֪ͨңҸоҲȤˡϴô˵
ǿ϶ģڡܳƶ
ϴȤе㲻뿴ܳɵܵĳʲôΪܳϷһʧܣǲ֡
һɹĻܳǿʷģڻҽѧʷϣҫŨصһīȻҲ


İʮһ 㿪˹Ұɣ
ܳ߮߳ҵʱϴڵл
ܳ˵ãȻϴԼʱʱһһ̽񾭷
Ҫ˵绰һעҽƵѧġ
ٴϵĹߣӵҽƵĵ绰ɲʲô£ܳɾͿ߮ʣ߮磬ǴӦûɶɣ
֮ǰͶ˺öΣżȻУǸĻڱ󵷹ΪԼռ˱˵ĿλҪֶͨΰԼǶ
ûаȽ¡ֱ߮ӻʵȥȻܳɸָ˷򣬵ʵʱ򣬻вСġ
áܳɡܳɾ͵߮ϴ棬˵绰
ŶõģΣõĺõģʲôʱشţܳôʡ
Уǵʱ֪ͨ
߮ɻضܳɣǴĵⰡ鷳
ǣǵؼҽԺһҽ¹ʣеһҽԺģھٱˣȻµҽǶҽԺһλϽڵѧCZеලִ֣ϣϴѧҽԺҽԺרŹȥҽ¹ʵרҵ
ҹ˹ǿƷֻԱҪе񡣡
һһӰѶҽԺĺܶ˶ųˣҲú̫Ͻڳͺȥոܳô͡
ǺԼĵйأȥȻϴȥħѲʣҲȥҲġ
û취˵ɳһĲ֮ôͲҪеҽ񣬻ҪΪҽ¹ʵ϶ṩһרҵԸ
Ҫһ㴦ϾǺֵҽԺеǣҲҪʲôʿϴйƵľ飬ôһ䡣
û˵ʲôʱأ˵Ľôϴʣϣܹܳṩָ㡣
ˡûĻ϶ǲֱǣܳɸп
ǲмҪвзϵȼ֤֤֮̽¹ʵԼǷҽƹ
Ǿе鷳ˣ飬Ҫӽ
ԺҪǹ˾ģרŸĴҲпҪڷͥΪ֤ݡ
ǵİܳɽػش
˵ҲǺ죬ȻӦΪ쵽ң߮磬Ҫ˹ܳǸض߮˵
߮üϰ˾ͺá
ܳæúܣ涼תƣͳһؼҵˣңҲȷȥúúõذԼ滮һ¡
ܹܳһһ˳糵һֵʵݽܳŶ͸ˡ
飬Ȼߡ

ȥ֮ܳɾͰ˵ڼϢİ
꣬Ҳû̫ı顣
ʵҪҽ˸ںͽ˾Уļࡣ
ᣬһЩӰ˵񣬻ԽԽæԼ˵ʱ𽥼١
ҽ¹ʼרŵɲʱѲ黹ѣ
һοŹȥʲôӰ졣
ˣʼ绰ˣҪҪǴֻѼӹôЦ˵
ô˵͹ˣҲпڼԷ
˵һʱǶŻȥҲͦġôء
Ȼ軹ҪҰһЩȥ
ҹưѰ˼Ұһ棬ԾôɡĦܺ˼
ĩҪȥҵȻҰظ绰ɣȥ
Ҹպһеʱ䣬ǳȥһ٣һ򼸼·ⶼתˡܳô顣
ѾͰܾûȥԴͺ͹ˡ
ڽ棬ŮӶ·ʵ
ȴû£Զԣ·־˰ɣǿȥһɽ
·ҲǴһҪϴ¡
ԺĩҲ٣ȥĻҲ٣ô·
ݼٵʱܴţ㲻Ϊ̫æͺߣȥһ䣬伸ҿûкʵҲð
ܲ˶װøһǲܳɽ顣
ɳеĻóԣûħǱߵĻóԣҽȥϺɣڵϺһ飬ȻܣǷȥгһٻϻ߮ȥȥ
߮ƹǺæһʫꡣ
˵ĩȥеʱ򡣡Ƥ˫۷Ź⣬ˡ
ĩ߮粻Ҫҵİ𣿡ܳʵҲЩ⶯ϣܹȵһ
С
㲻˵ܻ𣿡ܳɼͰߡ
㲻˵һ𣿡ʡ
̷ܳ˷ۣ̾һаɣȥɣóԵ˯ž
˭һôæѽʰԼİĴࡢں졢ֽȶڣֻš
߰ɣȥԶɣ㿪Цģ㲻ȥҲúһԳȥ桭ʫ߮һԣ
ɲ뵱ǿй๷

ܳɼȥеרţȥʱϴ͸ܳɴ˵绰СܣǰǸˣĿǰá
˺ʮСʱı֫ǼΪټһ˰ɣϴΪ˷ܡ
Ȼۣǵôãܹ֫ɹ⽫ʶֲ֫ʱڵ㡣
ڣкܶǲôۡ
ֲ֫ͱ֫ʱ䴰ڣĿǰ϶ΪʮСʱڱȽϺʣҲܳʮСʱùļʸһЩܳΪصôظϴ
ϣϴҪΪôһⲡôңԶĶֲ֫ʱֹڵ顣
Ŀǰҽѧ繫ϵһЩûôôƵģ֮ҲҪкǿףܸơ
޷󲿷ͬиƵĸ֪ǲΪƹġ
ֻǴţƣûձԣȻĻͬвãΪʱ䴰Ϳӳôá
Ӷ֪ͲѧıĿˡ
ϴ˵ǣСܣҽԺĿǰǿԽذʱ䴰ƵİԺı֫ʱ䴰ڣ϶ӳ
ϴ˵൱ѷΧ嵽ҽԺ
ܳɻǾϴһˮڣȻʵҲҪҽԺܹȽϴΧĳ濪չС
Ŀǰֲ֫֫ļͲر죬ֻҪǺܶ˶ԸƵͲԡһǾǲҪѲӿԽ̫󡣡
ϾǶûôʱ;ܳʵʵ˵
Լûôʱ䣬ϴǳͥҵ绰ȼܳпգȥ
һԼûأǲǾ͸ô
ҪΪ棬ôһҽԺܹ֮һˣܹסС
ܳĿǰҪߵ·߿ɲƣҲȫ֪ȫܣ˵ҪʱԷġ
ҪһԼǩͷΧܹõԼڹǿԼҪֵַذһ£
ǾܳԼıҴƣ㡣
֮һԳ濪չʽ˲Ŵ֮ܳɲŻȥһרơ
ܹƹʽƷͱ̸ˡ
ҽѧǿѧһҵһˣһ˽ҽ
ϴ֪ܳǱȽ޵ٴξܾԼ飬˵õģ֪ˣСܡһġ
ܳĳϴįȴҲû̫ϣֻǹҶ˵绰֮󣬱ųĬȻ˼ȥӦҽ¹ʵ˼·
ȻֻһˣӣȴҲҪһΡ
ԼڴݾרŶӣǹǿƷֻһԱԼÿһ֣Ӱ쵽һҽ¹ʵļ
ңҽ¹ʵļܵԼĽǶȳҪ͹۵Ժƽˮƽ͵ǰķɽźӦС
Ҳһ׵顣

ʱһΣա
ϣܳûбҽԺĹǿͬнѣǱ߮ĵ绰ˡ
ʱ磬࣬߮ƺǲ˵ܳɣƾԿ˰ɣ
Զ෢Լ׵Ļߣڵ֢״Ȼôࣿ
ңǿҡôģ
ܳŭ绰Ϊ˺˵磬ڼ㰡
㲻ҪҪ˯
˯
Ҹ̨˯û˯ҳտһ۷дĲҸûղ鷿ĩҲаŶˣǾҽԺѵ
ֵģʱˡ
Gɱԯһףءܻ߮ǵô˵
ܳ̾һ̫߮У㷴ʣһǲҲأôͲҵʺáǿأ
ƨ
⼼ˮƽǶʵеģظı˵ĲƷĶˮƽһһεشôྫݰ߮粻а֣ȴʮ侲
ŵһ֪˹̹֤֮ǰҲû
ˣ˵ˣҪһһ˯˵ܳǿн⡣
߮ƺҲʿ¡
˵רȥؼҽԺҽ¹ʣ൱ʰɣʲôͼûУҲɸ磬дС˵Բ
ԽϸԽá
԰㡭ܳɶˣʲô㣬ɷ硣ܳɾֱӹ˵绰Ȼҿ˿û߮װͷ


İʮ Ӱָ߶ȵ
ܳΪ߮żⶼʲôʱˣһס
˵ʵܳһλҽѧ뷨ҽŶп֤ᣬûܳԤ֮ڵġ
ܳɲһЩļ֮ãԭԼѾǱʡҽѧᣬҽ¹ʼרųԱ֮ڣЩòǶֽڻٽڣΪԼдĲϡ
ԣܳɾ͸˹
ݡҽ¹ʴڶҽ¹ָҽƻҽԱҽƻУΥҽɡ桢Źºƻ淶棬ʧɻ𺦵¹ʡ
ָ˻𺦣ʧֻסԺáסԺʹǲҽ¹ʵġ
ҽ¹Ҫҽѧר֤Լҽ¹ʵļҪġ
ҽ¹ʱӦ没ҩƷҽģֽʲǵӲǻסԺѳԺӦþ棬̶֤ݣҽԺ۸Ĳڸƹ»֤
ҽԺͻ߷ϱ˵صίԱɵصίԱ֯صҽѧϼҽѧҽ¹ʼ棬ϼҽѧרţһ֤ҽ¹ʵļ
һΣܳɵУΪ߲ҽѧҽ¹ʼ
ǻˣҽƻֻ΢Ρ
ʵҽ¹ʱ1.ҽƻҽԱйҲΥ˷ɷ桢Ƴ棻2.߲𺦣3.ߵЩɵġȱһɡ
ȻˣǸݵҽѧļǣݵһҽԺڻ߾ڼ䣬ѾṩҽˮƽȻʧܣǲҽ¹ʵģɱ˵壬жҽԺһΡ
ܳɼ˵ƾ
ԺԺƣйУͻĹͷιߵʱ̨ϡ
˼ǣǰҽԺΪ˾ĸ棬ֻҪǳ⣬ҽԺΣûо
ҽԺǣԺʱָԣһʱ⼱ƣǼ̹ۼ˷ʱȥʲôûѪ˨ԼѪ˨طգĻڼ͵ȴĹУмݿ
˺УǴһļʳݿˡĹʧԤԲ֢ģͲеĲ֢ΪҽԱҽƹ
ҲȻôصģ¼Ҳд൱ơ
ʵܳĶӦļȹ֮󣬷һ⣬ǾƣֻǰƵҽһȻƽңûаڿƵ˽йһۡ
ʵҪرϸļƶƶȣǺƶȣ˿ɵĻߣǰصĿҶ
ǿ֣̫㷺ˣÿ˶ôŽһĻʵһ̶ȵ˷ҽԴӻߵĸϾҲҪǮģǶԷһۣ˵û⣬ҲҪá
ҵʱûôʱ䡣
ֻǣвĻᣬؿҵ֮д˻ôٷص⣬ҽԺͲڹˣƼеķա
ֻĿǰûһĻץһ㲻š
ȻܳҲûж˼άؾ϶ǻĹҽԺûκιϵΪԼʷϣȫҽԺٴҽѧдģǴƫ̻ġ
ԼڱټΪʡҽѧҽ¹ʼרųԱͱҪ͹۹
ΪվڻߵĽǶȣǶԤԵվλֵ֧ĻôĲ֪ȥΪԼȨŬˡ
յҽѧ϶ʵֻ϶ҽԺеΣûģǷϷɹ涨ԼҽѧӦĹ涨ġ
ңһǣʵܳɵҰ⣬ʵȫԱ⣬֮ǰֲܳ֫ʱ򣬾Ϳǵǰװ
ҪķʶָӵļҲûκһָȥ϶ı׼Ƴ򡪡
ҽ¹ʼı׼Ǹݸ˵ļˮƽ߸ݱʡԼҽˮ׼Եģôԣ󲿷ֵҽ¸ڡ
׼Ǻҽѧר̲ġָϡ淶Ȩ׵ȣԼһЩԹ涨ҽѧ֪ʶǱȽģǷǺڼô򵥣ܴӸ涼ܹһģǶȲͬ۾Ͳͬ
кܶ࡮ҽƾסٴ֤ʵϲ֣еĸȱǵģΪƤṩ˾޴ռ䡣
ڼ֤죬ܳɻúúõһ£ηԣǸӹƽģҪģɵ顣
ˣܳɻô˼ʱ򣬾Ƶķű졣
ܳɹȥţȻ󿴵ͬΪϴѧҽԺѪƵĽڣʯ߽Сܣ֪㻹û˯
ڣҲûϢܳһ߰ѽʯӭһкʯȵȪˮʵûд
˯Ҳãе飬Сҽһġʯһ£һ߶ܳ´
ڣָ㡣ܳɵ̬̱ú֪ʯ϶Ϊ֤ġ
ܳȻԼҽһףܳҲš
ǣҽ¹ʼᶨ⻹ͷһΣһε֮ǰѲֲͬ
ǧܴ˺ˣҲ̬
ʯ˵СܣȥҽֵҽԺϵǵ˼ǣҪصˮƽܹṩķޡ
϶ʵġ
ǵȻڣҲôġܳɸæͷ
Ȼô˵϶֤Ϻϡֻ࣬Ҳ֪Сҽҽѧ֪ʶʵݵʱ򣬿϶Ķࡣ
ؼƽΪһε̣Ǵһġǿ϶ġ
ڣ̣ҽҲ©ٳͲ֪ҽܲԼֶ˼άʯôؿڡ
Ȼֱ̬ⲻǵ˵ͣʵ˵ʵҽԺֵҽԺȻֵܣڲģлĻҿ϶ϣֵܵϴ磬ǵϴֵܡ
ֻǣ飬Ҫ
ȻҲԺ˼ϣҽܹһ̶ȵذԼҽƹĿǰһݣרŵĹֿ
Ҫܳȥܳڽʯٽڵ϶ҵëϾ˺һһܰ
ڴˣܳɾ͵Լ˼άҪؽϡ
治ң̫ܳڼƽϣ̫ڸʽͱ׼Ļô´Σ˭ҽﲡ˰
˿϶벻֮ģô㰮ȥȥģһЩܾȵùĲƵĹУɲҪ
ܳᾭģܳɰһиġ
ʯ˵һ㣬ǱҪעľǣڲ˲ʱ򣬿Ըϸһ㣬ǶʱһҪ̫ڿ̡ȻԵҽԺҡˡ
ʯô˵ʱܳﶼڻɣʯǲıеһҽԺ˸ˣɿʯȴֲ
ڣ˼ǣǻǼ϶ҽѧҽ¹ʼôܳʡ
Ҳǡʯ
ΪһЩ⣬ʵмȶ⣬ӦĲĵĻôǶԵġ
ҪĸģôͱҪ󻷾仯˵ǹҵƽҽˮƽõȽϸߵܹչ˸˵ȥ޸һЩ
ǿԵػص
˵˰СʱܳɲŰѽʯ˷䡣
Ȼܳվڴڶ⿴İĳУİķ羰İطҹ
ʯĵܳɲٴοΪһϴѧҽԺڵ۽ظҪؽϵĻôǰ綼øá
ȻĻ˵뷨˵ҫ۵ǳȻ߸ϣȴңɼ
еĻ߶ܹ㣬Ҳκ˶ܹΪˡ
۽Ҫ򿪣ΪԺܳɲֻǳΪʡҽѧרţܿڴҽԺҽ¹ʾ׼ʱ򣬳ΪҽѧרųԱ
Ǹʱ򣬾ԽҪСĽĻôӰ͸Ӵˡ
һ漰ʡҽ¹ʼӻҽѧרҽ¹ʣһ㶼ǻţĽҲǻΪ¹ʴĲο޸ķĵĲο
ôӰһĻôͿܻӰ쵽ΧͬǵΡ
ǣһȫʱ򣬸ȥôͳȫ֣Ҳܳɸȥ̽ˡ
ʯ൱Ǹܳɴһ仰Ժܳɿ϶ֹʡһĶֵػģҪϴѧҽԺѪƵλŽһȫ硣
˵һεҽ¹ʼ֤ᣬʵֻܳ߶ȵĵһվǰڵ
֮ܳǰʹܶ˶Ѿֻǰܳɿһ򵥵Ŀҽˣذܳɵ˻ֶܲӰ
˲Ŵ
ܳɺȻ֣Լ֪Уһҹ֮䣬ֳɳһЩ۽ָһЩ˼Ҳˡ
ߡ¼ҽԺҽҽѧķչҽ¹ʵĴܸܲӹ淶᲻ҽԱģ᲻漰߼άȨ⡣


İʮ 
ܳɲŴҴҴӳҽ¹ʼ֤ϻʱ򣬾ֽӵĵ绰
˵ɳеҽԺһԮԵĻʹƵѾ˹ȥڽǰĴۡ
ȻڵĻǶֽڣʦͥҵڣÿգȻ߮Ҳ򲻷ϯϣܹܳȥһۡ
ܳ߶ûЪϢһ£¸
õģڣϹܳȻԸƣҲôء
Ҷϵ绰󣬺òܳɵİüͷµأҪȥѽ
ҽԺҹȥһˡ
ںͳͥҵڶÿգ˵Ϊ鷳
֮ǰڰҽԺʱ򣬶ڰҲæġܳô԰ͣϣҪ˾͹ﶡ֡
رǴҽҵ
ǸԼôᣬ϶ǰԼְεߡ
߾Ǹڣ֮϶಻ʤ
ֻе˸ߣĽӵԼŸ˳֮ǰĳﱸһһλ
Ϊ֮ܳǰеؼҽԺĶԿ֧Ԯƻ˻һˣ֧Ԯڿֱӿֱ
ˣ׳ơ
ҽѧһˣܶһˣʵҲƣ˵㡣ܳô԰͡
ڵĹ״̬ȷе㷱æˣһĲ֮󣬳ȥβ֮⣬ͻһЩѲġ
ԣ񡣡ܳһȻɰЦ
㲻ҲǸôܳء
ڹ֮󣬹Լֵ֮ǰ֪˶٣Ҳͦˡ
δܳ߿ࡣ

Сܣģһһһλǣʮˣ¹Ժ㰲Žġ
ǰһμʾԷѪܡǷѣʱͣĿǰǷʺϽУҪõһƷʽ
ȻߵĹָǷָģַЧǻߵ֢
ңǰ̱֫ĲܵĻǽ˽⡣
˵Ƚϴ𾴡
õģڣϣܹæܳɿظһҽ칫
Ҳұ֤һܰæ
ҽ칫ǰܳԤһӣмκľƴӶɵӣΧʮˣŮУܳһʶ
֮һڷܳǸһ߽Ǵ
칫ҵܣмʿһȺ״ӴţͶΪᡣ
ܳɼ״ǲģȴǷǳһܳɵʾ
ܳɵǰڷһݹڻߵĲܡ
һݲܣ൱ˮƽ
ܳĶôдġ
ĿǰϿΪҲɹǴ¡Evans III̱ͣ֫ѪϰԴԣβIIͺ˥ߡȺж
ݵǰϼ۷ͣЧݻĿǰ֢״̬ǵǰ֫⹦ϰС
ĿǰΪ״̬ǵбƣἫ̶ȵӰ쵽ߵԤҵרңۺϿЭƷ
ܣǰѲĿǰѵ㣬ϵ㶼˵ˡȻбȽϹؼĵǣ˲ĻôţͿԤõ߲ˡ
ƾͼʱ䣬ǷѪ˨Ѫ˨ʱǰ
۲ܱƣô˶ԣѾ൱ߡ
˵ˣ֪ʲôݣܳȴ˼
˵Ϊ⣬ϣλΣܹضԴֳ̽һʺϡѵƷ
ߵļԸԻԤڣǺܸߵġΪ⣬εľ߲ܷʵôԺ϶ǱȽ鷳ġ
ذ졭
⼸֣ܳɴӽѾΡԤ룬˵ϡ
ңܳɻע⵽ԼԱߵ긱ڣÿһ⼸ֵʱüͷһ塣
ڣ֮ưؽˣȻһ£ڣԵǰߵοǵģ
ΣΪӦòӦȥǿߵ⣬ֻǰһǳͨĲʵԴһ仰ֱӶdiss
⻰ҲȷöԷɫ˸˺ü¡
ȻһЦ˵ǵҽģҲǵýʵǵġ
ԷδֱӺݣȴҲ˵һ겻ٷĻ
ŶԻߵܽ᣺Ҹոȡ˸λרΣҽƻεĸ߼ΪĿǰǶѾ֪ĵǡ
ͻĿǰҪѪܺͺࡣкƵ⣬ƵĽҲˣԷȫѡ׵
Ѫܷ棬ѪҺڿƵҲ˵ˣĿǰߵѪӣǹؼѪӵȱʧߵѪܣǴھԽ֢״̬
ѪӵעಹǿԱѪġ
רεοûӵģӰļ
ȻרƵĽǶȳĿǰĹҪƣһ㣬ƵѦΣҲֵ֧ģҲǹǿƵĴѧᣬԴ¡EvansIII͹Ƶ֪ͨʶ
Ҫһɵ㻹ǣǰʹ֫ļ⹦ϰô󣬻ߵĹۻָȻ޷ָܡ
ô˴ε壬дȶ
ǰ֮УǼƵΣƵΣҲ˵ˣĿǰĺ˴ż֧­ڣ׵ڵˡ
Ҳ˵Ե񾭹ˣǿˣǰļַ֣ߵ񾭼ͼûԵ쳣
һǵ֫⹦ϰϣζҲһǳ鷳顣
ڣҲôǵİɣȨݽһλڡ
ܵΪ׳ŨüۣͦǳԹǿҽ֪ߵĹѡ
Ȼû취ĻôĲοͲ󡣡
ǰĻߵǰļ֧̱֫ϣȻ⹦ָܻȴΪ۲Ѫ˨ήԼήɢʧʱͻָʱĻҪֲơ
ܸݻߵǰҲû˵ġ
˰ڴڵ⣬ӦԼȱʧ֪ȱʧǾˣΪʲôԭ򣬵µǰҲһγǰļ⹦˵ġ
һ㣬û취˵Ļ˼ٶ壬ǻߵԤʵǿǲȫġ
ӦҲ֪ߵļܽ飬ҽȥѯʣǲ֪ߵĲġ
רڿУҽĹƵģԸһۺϿǵĻҵĽǲô
˵ʱܳɾͷ֣ԼԱߵ꣬ȡ˵Ҫ㡣
Уǰ֪ͼ׼ؼȦ˳
ң껹֪ķࣺרҵ֪֪Ԥ֪档
ķ࣬ͺ˼
Ȼ֮ܽλҽƵֿˣһŹҲǱȽϹǻģѦΣΣһǾ仰˵ϻƣҪضԴ
û˵ĸ֣ȴֲĸ֡
ңƺdissܽںڣҲֻԼҽԺλο
ѩѦ죬˷ֲ΢ƵĲκʹƵĲΡ
ѦΪСžһ޼Ҳ֣ǿͺܾΣոҲˣĿǰǣ֢⣬Ǵ⡣
Ϸ棬ҪӽɣʱҲˣҵǻˣƵλмƵʱһϸĥһ⡣
λλΣȥϢǺϵΣ
һ鷳λˡѦȻС˵ĻȴǷǳʱȷˡ
ε˶ûǺڿƵξ˵ˣѦΣҪĻʱǵøҽһҺúƵ֣ٺúõؿһлĺķ
֣ҲͷʱУȷҪѦһտһµġ

֮ѦξΪĸΣһͳ˲
ֻǣҽƵ뿪ʱȻ˵ѦΣߵ⣬һҪԴ
⻰С˾΢΢ȭͷˣǱ仰ĥ˲֪ٴ֣
˶֮ʣµ˶һ
ƱǹǿƣǰǿƣԴҵĽȽ϶ࡣ
ѦȥˣƵĳѩʵǹǿƵĴΣҲ΢΢ҡͷ˵ڣڣ۲ˣĸ鷳˰
ܺ궼ģһЩ˵⣬ҪӵĲϺķѹ
ܲҪɱԺ˾ģͨǰһгﱸ
ȴҪǲ뵽ǰ
ûȴ˫۷Ź˵ΣĲ˼ǻеԵǿ϶û˼ġ
ڣΡΡǰǵҽҲ뵽ˣǲǿԺúõĥſôһӲͷˣ
δ壬ʵƵ֣ΣܹŹǿңͨԽ֢һ˵ţһ߿ʼһA4ֽ־
ĸݣȴܻ񣬴˿̶־ɫӳ֮£·һħ
ЦЦ˸ģȴ߱Ƚƽͣڶİãó½ڵ洫
ͥҵڣҽԺƵĲΣǰʡ΢ѧ鳤
ЦЦڣĪЦˣʦһ̫Զ


İʮ TMҲУ
һѦٴηء
Ȼ߽󣬷¼ҽʦͻʿǶѾˣˣڵƵġ
Σڣڣڣ֢ƲӲ˵ˡ
ǣҪϸ̽һ£ǰĻߵļǷʺôûƱѡɣѦ΢еԿʹ
Ҫ˵˰ɣƵ⣬ôҲͰˣƫƫǸƵĹ۲ˣΪ⹦ϰ뵽
Լ˭֪;ôЩʣ
ȻѦҲܹٵѹһڽֵ̽Ĳ㣬һ滹иƵѹҪץ
껹ǻ취㶨ҪսһԼ
ԼģҲܲӡˣνһ仰ʵǶԵģ⡣
ѦʵϣҪ鷳
ֻǣΪ˸һҲֻӲƤͷȥҽƣΣΪҪǰﱸ
ҽԺĽڣԾǸ˵Ŵķӡ
ѩڣ֮ǰǣ˺ܴԵˣҾλζ˼·
ѩѦĻߵܳɫ΢䡣
üһ
ոսʱһֱΪǸҽƵӣΪҪʲôԭȥⰡ
ҪΣܽڵˣǲĲ˽ġܳɲûоľʲôԡ
һڵڣиλΣȽһҵ뷨
һǺȷܹųߵˣΪǿõ߲ͨ˴ţ飬ûԵĲ䡣
ڶߵǰĸоǴڵģ˶ȱʧ
⿴ǷԸоϰ
Ըоָͬһλʹ¾Դоϸɥʧǳоͨ·ĲͬǷԸоϰĽѧ
ߣȻԵı仯
ʵǰߵĹǻõǿѡƵģţܽڣǳΣܹ׵ؽ
Ȼڱϣۻļܴϣߵȶ׼ֵ£ǿΪߵȥһѵģ
棬˵һµǰ߼⹦ϰļֲ²⡣
һ֣ǻ˶ԪĹȱʧǽڶΣþ֫Ϊ֮ǰͽˣ֫Ļõġ
ңߵܴڣ֤ǴΧ˶Ԫˡʱųһϡ
ڶ֣ҿǿάڲ˺ѣ˶άˡ
Բ󣬵ǾĿԵģǳĻ
˵üͷһ壺񾭰Լάľ׼ϣڳ£Ҫ뻪ɽҽԺĽڹ
ڻɽҽԺƣǾԵȫ⣬ϣңңȵġ
ôһҶǲԼͬذͷƫܳɷ
ɽҽԺĿǰܳҪôһ
ǣ
ΪβֱɽҽԺǱ߷뺯أ
ҽܹͨ˴Ƭóߣ⹦ϰľϣʲô𣿡ôʡ
ܳԣ΢ɬ磬뵽һ㰡Сʱˣ
ɶġ
Գһ£ƵˣӦÿ΢һ¡ܳɲҰѻ˵
ȼĺ˴ƬҲ˴Ŷ޷Ķ
ңģڲֻǵ˶άѣоάȴûжѣⲡ
ֵļʾͼСС
ԣЦڣСܻСܰɣ
Ļܵ˵üͷһ塣
Ȼ֮ܳǰظǽЩʲôȻڲҪ׷֮ǰʱ
ֻǣܲüͷ֮ǰ˵ڣҲǻҽˮƽֻǾãƬܹȷϡ
ĿǰƷʽȻűȽϴǣֱӿյѡ񡣡ֿܣȴǱȽϱصġ
յѡδؾѵѡ񡣡
ֵʱһֲܵ漣ڣأ껹ΪԼļּ롣
궼˵һȻǲٶིʲôˡ
ҽǸ˴ŵƬϵͳѾǱߴˣȹȥƬɣٺ̽һߵ⡣֪Լ֮ǰ˵Ȼ֧ͬ
ԾܳȥƬӣ˵һԼĿǡ
ܳ뿪֮˵ĻǰȻƵΣһλʮͷרŹȥæܳô·˴Ų档
ͬҽԺĺ˴ƬϵͳȻǴͬС죬ҲһЩϸ΢𣬱˵ʾеڱߵȵȡ
˵ڣΣ֮ԼֻҪҪǻ¼㿼ǡ
һӦߵʹ󣬷ոߣԤޣͲ⡣Чʱ䣬ЧʱΣ壡
ڶһĲǿԸӾϸȷҷһֱȽƷƵķչͺֵָ޶ʮ־вο壡
ܴ棬λβ֪ҽں˴Ƭʱнп棬ҲһָģĲʱҲ뵽Сҽ
ԣܹȷĻҿҽ˵⿴Ʋܵ
ģǷճеȣߵǰ֢ûе־Խ֢ĲΣҿѡʽܶࡣ
׵Խͻߵķա
壬۴⣬ߵǰǹɹǴ¡ۣ۵ƣ治غܴڣ׽
֪⣬ǹңĿǰڹǿƵƷ棬ļǴңңȵĵزġ
֮ǵĴƷչʱܵƣΪ̫ڱأȥпܴ£Ȼءʵͬһģͼ׵ġ
Ҫȥ֪¶µĲ
󣬾ٲã
ҲǼŵǰ̱ҲǼ⹦ϰ״̬ѣ
Ļ
Ȼеȴָֻһ㣺ǣڣҲҪǼͻ⣬ǲӦΪѧƵķչ
ȥߺͼĸ˺ԭҽƳҪԭ򣡡
һٲãҲǼ̱״̬˰һûǰԤϵ
ңܻһ仰ĿǰǿԽ֢ǰ⹦Ƿѣ
ȻֻԽ֢͵ĽѧҽԺҽԺǿԽ֢ƵģȻĻҽƵķչͱˡ
֮Խ֢ҪƾԶ֣ΪԣԱɷǽ֢󼲲ֵƷΧ
ԣĬˡ
ѩˣҺbattle
ܣȴǺͬһ֪ѡԸ򣬶Ųء
ܺˣִݵʱ
ܳȴɫŹֵվڣˣǲǻʷ
ţ
ԣͫ͵һ˵ߵļԻߵĲʷ𣿡
ɫ΢䣬ߵļֱȽģǴӵĻôȡ壡
ߵĲܲܿһ£ҸոûĻ֮ǰӦýй񾭵Ĳϻܳ˵
УѩϽѲݸܳɡ
ǣ飬֪ģǵģˣһǰ̴Ĵ̼̫ǿ˫񾭵͡
ʹں˴Ͽǳ⡣
Ȼ֮ǰ߼˵ġ
ܳûػȿһ²Ĳ¼̴Ǽ¼ڲġ
Ȼʲôֹʹֻһûм¼ڲ֮С
ǣǿ߹껹ǵá
ȷ֮󰡣ܳɾ͵ǲˣڣڣиλΡǹ
ܳһŲһ߻ص˺˴ŵĵĻǰ
һȺɧ
ʣ˴棬ܿõ͵ĺۼʲôĹ
ôİ
ܳɶŵĻһָڣ񾭵ķλȻͨΣԿļۻ֡
˵ʵܳôָĻ˭Ҳעⲻһ۰
͵ͷǵģǿе㲻̫һҽܻ֫𣿡
񾭣ƺ䣬Ҳû취䵽֫˶İ
ǣڣͰǱȽϸӺ鷳ģڲʳӰѧļ²Ҳһ͡
ܳҿһȦֻˣ˵˴ϣǿԷ֣Ҳ棬һ̺۸񡣡
ҲۻҿǵĿǣ͵ʱһʼϴˣڴ̵ʱҩƫλãֱӴ˹档
һԵѹԱ仯
ǿȻ񾭵Ϸ񾭡·֧мڿѹ
ֱ֫û仯֤ӪԵˣֻ֮˶˵Ļе˶Ԫܵ˿ѹ԰ѹгпܿԻָߵ˶ܡ
˶Ԫ˺ѡ
Ҳ²⣬ߵļ⹦ϰǽԵģϳ֡ܳô̧ͷߺܵ͡
ⰡҽԵˣ˻˱ԵˣԲš
һ㣬ƬõˣǷֲ˵ģ
ֻǣͨƬһ˵ļʷ˽⵽ĳ̶ȣǺεȷ˼飬ңܳɣȫǻִҽѧۣǸĪĲ²⡣
ǹ


İʮ ĿֻΣ
Ҿ˵йŹ֡ܳɵָ֮˲Ȼ֮ǰǵһЩţ˲
Ȼ˹ȴûȫס
гѩѦ죬ǱֵΪͻˡ
ѩѦȴΪӵĹϵûбֵرԣ۳˼һ֮ʣڣҪôأ
ܼ⣬׼ȷرӦν˵֢״
ָܳǰϵĲ岿֣˵ڣ˵Ĳ壬ģʱ򣬾ʵָˣơ
ƵĻôҲΧ֧ļӡ
Χ񾭵Ȼͣôɳڣڣ̱š̱ǳٻ̱
̱Ƥ˶е׶ϼе֧伡Ⱥʲ𳣵̱֫һ̱֫˫ಡ˫̱̱֫֫
̱֫ߣ췴俺ǳʧֲ䣬޼ήͼ̱ɼԼήͼʾ񾭴ٶʧ񾭵λ
ڻ̱ǰϸԸ˶˼䷢ά¡ǽ׶׶ϵͳСϵͳֳ嶯ͬͨ·ǰΧ񾭴ݵ˶հ塣
ɼ޲䡣ͼʾ񾭴ٶȼͺʧ񾭵λַĳһȺ
һӦʱܽ᣺Ǿͷ֣ߵļ̱ȫ̱ңͼʵδ񾭴ٶȼͺʧ񾭵λ
ı֣ۺ̱ʣȴһֱֶûУͺ֣֪Ĵ档
ң­ڡ׵ڶδֲ䣬εĽڶΣҲûзռλԼѹ䣬ܽ͵ˡ
Ľͣ˺ܴİףбȽ϶ٴ˶ˡ
ٴȴܵ͵̱ٴ֡
رǳѩˣ̡
ڣȻϸˣôƵĻںŰɣʱҲˣҾȸˣܳɲٶ෢Լ
Ŀǰ˽⵽ģߵ̶̱ܴҽԴйصģ漰֮ǰ˽̴ҽԺ
ͲܳҪȥƤģҪҪ˵ҲҪ̬ܵˡ
ⲻѣҪҲףֲֻ˵Ļ޴֡
ԣ˿ֱϵʱ䣬Ѿĵ࣬ӽ㡣
˵ҽȻڽʳȻϸ˵Ļ컹Ҫ
ɣѦΣȥǰһҽ
Ҳվڣһһҽɣȷ̫鷳ҽˡ
λڶôˣѩѦҲͣȴܳɾܾˡ
ܳɵļ֮£ֻ꣬ܳһȥܵˣǸȥˡ
һ̨ǳ⣬ǰѼ̱Ҫ˳ܹһⲡģԺƣָ塣
ͷȻѿУǿܴ֮ˣҲûƴǣλοʼķ
ɳеҽԺסԺ¥¥£ܳɱ˵ȻȥɣйҪæ
ȣʱˡ
ԣЦЦСܣҲؼ⣬Ҳǲ㵱ˣԲźġ⻰ڹһͰ׻˰
㵽Ŀĵأߵ̽ͷҪһξ롣
ܳ˵ңû˼
ֱֹܳɵıͣߡ
Ȼͣҽʵģ绰ˣѾ̨ˣȻǰһָ⡣
Ƶ֣Σ͵˵Ĳб䣬ƣԱ;ͣ
Ҿã˻ǿڴһģǾͺھߣһȫԺ
Ȼʼ֮ǰҲ֪ߵļ̱֢ᣬ߿
ܳԣΪѡ
ڲұ֤µ̨»Ҫ
ⲻķ񰡣
˴
ܳɵɫӣڣȻ˵ĻΪβֱӾܾأ
꿴һֻ˵ȻҪһµġ
ҽȻᣬʵ֪ʶҪ룬ҲҪȥŬسԳԼȦֵ֮ڵ飬Ȼû취ɳˡ
ҽʵ񣬲Ҫȥ㲻֪ǳĺ࣡
ĿԼ飬ûĽ֮ɫֿڹܳɡ
ڹҲǫˡܳɻһЦ
Ҫڵʱ򣬳Ѿ˸ǰȻǸܳɿŵģȴܳȡ
˵ҽû£ʵҽˣֻ֮ǰһֱûĻᣬ΢ֽһ¡
ҲңڡܳɸϽأıֵȷ֮ǰ΢г룬ѵΪԼܾһ񾭷ϵĿ⣿
ǵظѹ̫ˡ
˼ʻλȻ˵Сܣ̫ˣҸոսˣŶȥԺǳ
ʵҽӦ֪ҽڹʱ򣬾ǱɽۣչʾǱɽһǣʵҪµ֪ʶȻޱȡ
֮ϣȺɽҪ֮ȥһɽȥ溣Сǻ㹻֮·Ǻ̲ͥŲ
ôһȥͻ߸Ԩҽأ
ܳԣ˼
ڵӱȻ뷨ȵġ
ٴϿͨͨĲ֣ʵӺܶ࣬Ҳ˲ȣҼҲ˲ȡ
ûȵģܾ͹ˣ˵ģǿܾ͵߸ûˡ
ڣһǵһ˵еٴʱ̶Ҫıܳɸп
ܳɣҲΪʱ򣬱˵½ǬݵڵͲֱ֪Ӳ֣Ҳֻøһ׿
һ߿һ߽˵ҽҰһԼðıɽԼȦ֪Щطҿ϶ܹ߹ȥ
ڱɽ֮µطǾֻǽǰˡ
һЩǰľ飬Ǵ֪ǲˮµĺ̲жķΧÿһɽܷܲܽ
ǵ֪򣬶ܲ߹ȥǵֵˡ
Ӿã˵Ǿܹȥˡ
յģǰԼɽܹΪܵأȻֱϾ˫֫ߵĶܵΪȫ
ҪЩɵʱǾֻȥ̽ˮǳһ̽һ
ýҴ֪⣬Ҳ֪ЩطǲȥģԨ
ǣûرǰе׼ȷ·֮ǰҾͲ֪ĸߣûͷĸߣʱͻزͷˡ
˵ŵʱܳɵɫ
˵ʵܳɵһ棬ʵʵڵȥʶͬǰ
ȻֻһڣҲ˽֡
ȷܳɶԽ֣ΪĹۣ˵еĽڶˮƽ٣󲿷ֽڣǸڵ֪ͨ󼰵ġ
Ȧֵ֪ɽ档
⼸ȣΪʲôҪԭͬʱҲԼղ˵Ĳʱһ̬
ҪȡҪ
Ҫȵؽ͵ðе׼á
˵֪ǿ϶Ƕһֵ˽̶ȣ˵ְƵǰоȵȣܹ󳵣֪ߡ
ԣ֪ĺ޹ᵼ»߽֫ȶ
ȻֵԼԼֵп̽顢񾭷ϵʽֵģֻҪܹ⣬ܹ
ǣȦʵڱԵ˷棬õˣԾܹһ͡
ڸܳɣֻҪָˣҾܽ⣬ٵġ
֪ʵǱڵ֪򣬻иʵ֪ҲϣϵĶԼλ
ܳɣܹľʵ֪֪ˣָ˳ܹ
ǰܹģǱ֪֪ռλԵĲ䣬һ֫ϣطҵȥһ£
˵һ󣬵СܰʵҷǳϣڴܹЩǸʲôȼۡѧϰ۸Ū
Ϊܹ׵İӦĲ֡ܵļлֵĻǿԸһĿȻȥĦԼʵǷܹסӦĲ֣᲻ֲأĵĿֻţԼʵһͿ͹۵֪
ʦں̸ʱҾôˣⲻǶҽҪָ壬Ҳܹҽһʶ֪ȥսĸս
ʵЦλãֻŵġ
ʦѯѧҪףҪѧ۴һЩҲޣʦôĹ˿ԼսҪΪһ
ȴ֪Լ̳ʦѧɣ໹ܴȻٴϣ˲֣Ҳ֪У֪òȥƴһѡ
ʲôʱѡˣʲôʱѡˣޱȣ
ͺñϴΣ꼸ӵظܳɽЩ
ЩѹܳɶûУΪܳڲ飬Կ϶ûѹܳҲҪȥʦ²
ڣѾˡ
ԸĻǿ˽ǰһӦĽΪҲҲԼѧĵȼۣûԴԲȥѧϰԼȡ
һЩطҪƲСܳɻʽ˵š
ȷܳɾãԼֱӰӦı׼͹ۻ󣬿ܻ˺һЩˣϾ֮ͬһԱ׼Ǿеɵˡ
Ҫôƶ׼⻹һҪֵ̽⡣


İʮ Ϸ
ڲ귿֮󣬾ͱֻȥˣ״̬һֱ졣
ջΪʦֵסԺЩȥ
յǰʣ״̬ôðǲʲô£µĻԺʦַһ¡
ڸŵĵʦǶֽڣڽΪֽĿǰְסԺѧӦҪһٴʦǵġ
ҲǶΪӵһˣ֮󣬾ûտҸҲĸߣԺ˵׼ǵڶ߮硣
ܴӶֿеõһۣ⻹ǼΪġ
Ͼ߮ʦֶԶԶмܲסġ
ֻֻϵĻԵüªֶά齨ĶҲͬСһ㣬ǸʲôϷ
ûܻԼʦֻ֣˵ʦ֣ܳʦǸСϷ棬Щԡ
ܳɸϷʲôھú棬ȻʣǱ߮ô
ܳɵĹϵûôϤܳʲôѹͲҪ㱨ܳɷֹܵĴģѲ˶סԺͱҪס
Ҳ˵ܳǸסԺڷɼСϼ
ôݿѯģǰһʱ䣬ܳɲҵĽڵĿһ̶ӦҲ߮Ӱ죬ϾƢҲ
Ȼ߮绹Լһҵҵ߮ӦԱ绰ļƷ
Ҿֻҵ飬ֵ֮⣬ҲͲҳˣҲֻǰѸҵˣдС˵Ǯ㹻ҡ
ҽԺϰ࣬ΪǮֻΪҷһ̶ɾֵĹѡ
㳴Ρ
ܳĽ߮״̬ҲһϷ˲ƸɵĻôǿƵְļܵ㣬ǲòƶõˣ
Ҳ˵ܳɲ԰Ͼдţļ֧ҽ߿չҵ
ҡͷʦûϵһҽѧģϷʦ֣ûߣֻڲ汾еͷʦҪҪ棿
棬ҪͨصĻҪԼһҽѧ֪ʶײС
ļٵģں档
ϲûҽԺģҽģ֣ϷͱҸˣʲôȰʲô谷β滵ˣֻǵһϷ档
ҪҽѧײͨصϷ
ģʦ֣ϷĳݣҪõģشٵרҵԵ֮󣬲Żļˮƽһӽĳ
߮Ǹˮƽ
һҽԺСͷܳʦѧǸҽѧʵϰϾĿǰһĵؼסԺҽʦڽϷĳʼơ
ﻹڲ룬ʦҪ治ˡѧһĶظ˰š
㷢ҰɣԡһȤ
ȻϢ棬ھһűȽʽֻһֻ档
òСʱ˴⣬ԼǸʲôݵʱ򣬳ʼݽˡ
ҽԺĳ־Σӵмְƣ٣ѧϰʽĻã߱ҽѧģϷͨģܹתĿǰľ
ڿЩ΢΢˳顣
ҽǰҽʼˮƽΪlv23ҽʦˮƽ
ҽǻϷΪԼĽɫȡһգΪ˷ֹϢй¶ûԼıա
ճʱټһԼ23ǾҸģͦдС
Ϊʵٴϣôϸĵȼء
ҳʱʮ߮ĵȼ39ڸĵȼǱȽϸߵİɣһ߻أһߴչȻ󿴵˻ڵĵȼ߮ô࣬Ͻ졣
ͣشһʼĵȼģ⣬ģȻ󻹿ԿġҪȼҪһǰС
ҪȼҪʲôǰأʡ
ҡͷʦ֣ڵĵȼʮ弶סԺҽʦˮƽȼҪɹܴ֡дЩ֪ʶҪɵǰӦǺǲһġ
ʦȼҪɵǰдɲ˵Ľ﹤Ȼٲμҽѧ֪ʶĿԣȻסԺҽʦ׶νרתְĿǰֹֻ֧ǿҽʦרҽʦתְ
ÿ˵ĳͬˮƽͬôҪǰҲвһ
Ȼڻ֮Ϳʼӵ˵Ҫȥ
ȻĺԴʾ1340
ֻ֮һĺŹӵ֮󣬻ھͿԼݵС˶ʼ߶ȥҷҲпͨС
ȻһתԼڵС˵һģ档
ҽƼ鴲ԵȶһӦȫǿʽģϽһﲡ˵İť
ڵһ£ȻһȸߵС˶˽ԻдΪרҵߣҽǰʱˣúʹ
õģ𡭡Ȼھͷ֣ԼС˶ҲںͶԷűȽʽĲʷ͹ͨܽǣԷˤˣȻʹûȥطƹҲûбȵȣҼؽڻǴʹ
һΡ
鵥
壿
ҩ
򣬴Ҫʼѡһˡ
ǿ϶ǲ尡ΪרҵĹǿҽȻ֪ǿҽﲡ˵ʱѯʲʷȻ壬ϣøĽ֧ϡ
ѡ˲֮󣬶Ի浯ĸ档
ӴÿһֶȦ
٣еרҵ
Ц˶˵棬ȻҲͷֻĦڵ淨
ģ淨ɲǼ򵥵·Ժǿô淨Ľǲһġ
ѡҪݡ
Ƥɫ֫Ρ֫ͳ̶ȡƤۡƤ䡢Ѫ
һжʮѡ˳Ҫһȥ㣬һȡ
Իھ˼ȻÿһͻвͬϢ¶
˵㿪ƤɫʾƤɫ޻Ⱦա췢ڵȡ
㿪֫γ̶ȣʾ޻֫״̬ⱥȡ
Ѱ˼㼸ҪģȻ˴ﲿ֡
ѡҪĴʹ㡭
ѡ˼Ȼ˶Ȼˡ
רƲ岿ֵʱһŷǳרҵԵʾ˳Apprehension顢Relocation顢Release顢Jobe顢Napoleon顢NeerHawkins
һѵӢĸԹѡ񣬶ϷһťǾĶӦ鷭롣
ȻǲҪġ
Իھѡ˻ROMԼһЩΪȽҪĶ
ѡ˽塣
Ȼǿ鵥Ƿҩȡ
һж֮󣬻ߵƽƬڵǰһſôµӰѧƬ滹ϱ棺ؽбλƬδ쳣
ѡƷʽ忹ҩʹ֮ס
һѵѡ֮󣬻һǡһ顣
ڿ⣬ʣһ飬ǲǴ߿ûĵط֪𣿡
Ͻҡͷʦ֣Ҳ֪һжǰ뷨ѡһ飬ҲѡƹȥȻۡ
ȻȻؾѡ˽һ飬Ȼ˺˴źCT
ͼıǣCTδ쳣˴ʾؽˮʹɼˮ
·˿ԷŴͼҪԼƬ
һ£û⣬ѡҩȻٵһЩҩ˵ʹҪЩ֮󣬾Ͱѻߴˡ
߳źϷҳʾһε֡
ۺ֣35֡
߳ж壬רƲӴƥ䣡
ʷɼϸȷ˵н˲ʷδѯʼʷѡ˺˴ż飬顣
XƽƬδʾۼعCT飬ǹȼ顣
ߵĺ˴м¼ĶѣˣƣЧߴʳһʱơ
֢ҩ׼ߵǰʹδ̶Ӱ쵽ڷҩƵμ١
ɽüܣǿרƲ壨ţ
ǿƽƬƬţ
ǿƺ˴Ƭţ

ٽ
ڿ̧꣬ͷһǸϽ̧ͷ컨ȥһ
ڶʱ͵һ
٣⻹Ͳˡһγﻹʱ򣬸ŶԼûΪϴѧҽԺҪԼﻹʸ
ϴѧҽԺҲҪְƣǹסԺ֮󣬲ſԿԼĵ
ȻһأۺȻֻ49֡
ûڿʼˣʣܷǶٷְ
100˵ͱͣȻԼϷҲˡ
ԣڵˮƽڿ﷽棬ڼΪǷȱ״̬ôһǰҽȼܱº˶
Щǲܸڽġ
˸ھͿʼ򣺡ʦ֣ȥʵˣټ
˵˳ȥ
һСʱ֮󣬻ڲа߽Լʦڵİ칫ȻöʾһϷ淨ǻʲôĽ


İʮ Сܴ绰
ʦæأ֮󣬼Ц
ƵĺȲ裬ͬʱڴĦһ˵滮ǻڣ˵ӺͲ趼ԭλãԼȡʱ΢˵ɣ
ǱߵĴȻûʽƣҲţֻ˴ĻߣŻסԺȥæ൱ڵĻڵ˾ֻҪͻ
⣬˳ȥѹȫ˴ģסԺͱúС
УǱǰúܶˣһ߻أһȥλȡһԵıӣȻ˵ҶϣٸֵĲһ
ڣǸôôҿĲɵġʹ𣿡
Ϊ߮ĹϵڵĶֶÿһѧע
ʧô˼ǰ󣬺ֻôһɿԽ͵ͨ
ڻЦһҡͷʱǵأʦǽڵһҽѧѧϰϷҲһ£ͦ˼ʦ𣿡
ھΪģȻҪѻⷽ泶
Ϸ
ҿ治ʲôϷֻùȫϵü֡
ϷҲһǲ֣Ҫ˲źáֵѾ϶Ϊеûһˡ
סԺȻпմϷٴذ
ڣڶ飬Լóﱸôˣʡ
ڶڹ̶յҪٵΣţڵĻǰӴҲɶ
ǻúãҲΪǰҪȨ
⻰üͷһʦڳﱸأһЩϸڲ̫
һ㣬ЩϸڣΪʲôԼ취ûУǿƵףʦ;϶˻̫УϾͿʼPUA
רҵˣһʦ㻹ܶԸң
˵㣬ҪΪҲͿŪȥ
ô˵ûڵͷƤЩ飬Ǳֻػ㱨ѧϰĽȡ
ʮ֮󣬶ҲڵȷŬˣ֮ǰгҰѵԼ˳⡣
˵Ϸ˼Ҫ˵ˣҿҪİڻڵĺ£Žɵؽӹ˻ڵֻ
ʦұ֤ⲻڲҵڷǳϵͳѧϰϷ̡
ſЩ־
ƬϵͳϵͳϵͳѵҡѵңЩģ壬һϷСܽˣһϷǱŸҽѧѧϰĿģϷȫǹǿרҵϷ֪ʶֺѧϰһ廯ˡ
ҿ۾Ȼоһ¡
ţɨЩ󣬵㿪Ϸ¼Ȼ󿴵˻ڿ̧̣ͷʣ֮ǰôİ֮ǰҿǰѧˣһͷǰɣ
ڵʦ˶ҽѧĲұͽӴ࣬ʦ϶Կ
Ҫ̧߽ţҲȥɶֿɲ
˶ҽѧĲĻôҲпܻ¬
ѵң𣿡ʡ
֮ǰڵ¼֮ϸϵͳָ˻ڿĲ֮Ϳ۷ֵĵطҲ˼ԾҲ˵Ȥ
ҡͷûʦⲻ棬ܵ˴ʦԣϷ񡣡
ȻøСܷѧϰϷø
С
Ȼ󶡳ڻڵİæ£˽ȥ
֣ƵĻܲ
ֱУп崴
رĻ
üһСܻܰЩϷ֮ǰһֱоҽѧۣԭĥ뷨ÿô֡
Ƽܽǲǵۺ֪
һţһߵ㿪пȻпѵһȼ
Ѿŷſľ1Ķˡ
Ͻʾпܣ0
ʦҪȵ1ܹʼ棬е˼ٴηְ
־͵㿪ˡ
ȥ֮󣬳ֵһƤҳ棬ӦĹǰࡣ
п1밴ռߣпΪʮסпڣп0.5ףϵͳѾϸӦߵĳȡ
Ҫ󣺲ظµظߵпڲܳߣпڲƲƫ뼤3mmпȲܳ1cmʱ20s
ţݡһһҶ̽ѡѡյʽ
ֹõһֳֵʽΧ漰֫Ҫ󲿣Ҫظϴпڡ
ִʽᣬ׼ȷڿƵĻȣ䶯ҪָڶСпڼϸѪܡ񾭼пĤȡ
ÿһֶϸؽ˽
ֵͷԳѧ߶ԣǳ壬ֱܹ۵˽ÿһյʽҪ÷Χٴ󣬻Ҫٴʦ̿ա
Ȼ󶡳־͵ִʽ
ţԱ߾ͳʾϷԶ뵶ߵƣֱӿʼɡ
ܰʾĴСΪӰпȵء
뿪ʼ
ּˣȤȻֻ˵ϣʳָΪʽ׼ȷҿٵذʾɫļôһ¡
Ȼٵһֹͣڵ㣬ͣˡ
ɣͶӦпĻΣеˮϷˮһУʵʵڵذƤֿ
һӳ֮Ͼʾ֡
ʱޣ3.2롣ꡣ
пȣ0.48סꡣ
пȣ10.1סꡣ
Ǻܿ죬ʾٴγ˱仯˴βֽϸߣ
ʱޣ3.2롣4룬ꡣ
пȣ0.48סδ˼Ƥ½ĤƤ½ĤС0.5mmꡣ
п뼤ƫУ0.04ף0.5ףꡣ
пȣ10.01סпڳ0.2ףꡣ
ۺ֣99ȣ2
ϲп2
ڵĿһȻطˡ˻һ˵׼ѾǳϿ˰һ˻Ȼ2
֮пʾΪ2ˣ3ͼҲѾ
ǰɣҾϷ˼ģľָУǧҪСⳤ̺ǳһּ׵ģҪʱַ̨ϵĹ򡣡־൱׵
ϾԼпǺĵģ˵೤೤˵ֱ߾ֱߣ˵ǻ߾ǻߣȻ硣
п3ʮڣƤﵽɹǹ۶ˡƽƬͼʾ
Ҫ󣺲ж񾭡⼰ҪѪ֯ͨ϶۶϶档Ѫܳ200
˻Ҫ󣬶ֺݺݵһ
Ҫе㲻˰дģֱӴƤ㵽۶ʮӣ
̧ͷʣСǰɣ
졣
ڵͷȻͷƤе飬Ҳû뵽ܳɾȻȼ趨ô̬ʱ򣬻ںԥѡܳɳǵģʦľСƳġ
û˵
ܰʾʼԡ
֮۾ͳˣԷʱ˺Ƽ⣬սʧܣ˼
ֵɴ۾Ȼɫ΢̧ͷֻͺܶµ̧ͷ컨ȥˡ
ﻹ߶ţʦƹ⻹İǶߵİ
֣
ûдƵġ
Ƕһѡ
ʮŷӺ۳ˡ
ʱ18ӡ
Ѫ150ҡ
սʧܣп¶ʱ̫Ϊ𡣡
ڼƣֻЩۣǰŹΡ
Ȼ󲻷ֳڰѡ
һСʱ֮
ڣܳɴ绰ֵɴ۾·һ˵ϷˣһµֱҪϷ߸
ʦҵȻлҪڴˡ
п3岻ȥȷе㡣
ܳϷʱ򣬲ˡ
ڿɲֲ˰Ҫܳɹһѣɻôܴ绰
Ϸܳɺģû棬Լʱ˶ֳԣҪöܳ鷳Լⲻô
绰Ҫúúһġ
ϾΪǿƵΣҶǿҵ˶̫˽ĻʱȥԺҲýֿھǹǻ·𲻰ܳɽԲǿƣԲǿλƵġ
㲻Ҵ˰
һ˵ţһֵ˿ʼͲˣսȻƳΪƵĽڻɲˡ

ԥƬ̣ǴӰ״ͳǸסԺʽֻȻѡŵܳɵĵ绰ͨ˹ȥȻ߿һԣʼ͡
ιСܣ˼Һ㴳ˡ
ţԣڿпĵسˣҪҸ绰һˡ
治ǹСܣ
лллл


İʮ ˵갡
ʦС˵ڴȥʱûչҸͼ仰˵˵⣬һ֮ܵ档ʦǧȥڽ࣬ǻûаܳɽͳ˵
˵֮󣬻ھĿȫעضŶֿ¶Ƶġ
ֵϣȴû̫쳣Ӧֻ˼һ֮󣬶Ի˵Сƣȥһ¹ؽƵٽڰ칫ңûʿţȻһЩӰ
Ҽǵñǩǰȡ侲֮һ顣
ǰܳɻڰҽԺʱܳҽԺһȣһЩ¼ƵΪҽԺΪȷĽһΣܳԼҲһȷĳƺš

ȥ࣬һʱ򣬲֮ǰֳܳһЩȹ
ڿϷ֮󣬲öֻع¡
ܳɵܲûдеôƵΪ֤һ֪١
Ͼ棬ܳɿһ֮ڣֱäټбѪܡ
ô˵ɣƤ׼ѪλõĲص۶϶˱ȣѶٲ˺üȼڵ̫ڼ򵥡
ֻ֮ǰûһԭһпԱܳﵽĳ̶ȡ
㶣ͷٵ뿪˰칫ҡ
ڻȥ֮Ц⡣
Ȼ˵ûȥǲʹ죬ЩһƿЩСţӣΪ
רҵԿڵϷҾ͸ʱ棬ҪϷ治õĻǾͱˡ
ΪǿƴεĶ֣һֱ˼ÿҷչøãҪչȻҪ֮ƣҪã͵ѪҺ
Ҫ˶߮磬߮ܳ˲ţڶƽ£ֱӳȥͱ˶Ÿգʲô£
ҪչȥҪ߮ˣŲ٣ѧҽԺۺԴѧ棬ÿһܻһرμӣ˿˾ϲʤ
ǣÿһĻԱȽ㣬޷Խ󲿷ͬ˵ôһ˶ʿʿôǵĽʵؼġ
Ϊֻ㹻ܹ࣬һҽԺһһʡݵۺҽˮƽһһϦ֮¡
ôʱ
ڿٵؾͰѶõˣһ׹̣Ƕֵİ칫̨ʽԣҾв˰¼ҽԺĺ˴šCTȿ¼׶ȡ̵豸
֮ӰΪģҲܹſ֡
Ȼ󶡳ֺͻھͷ֣ܳǰֵһĻĻѾڴ󲿷˶򲻵ĸ߶ˡ
40룬23룡
׼бնֻƬΣ̧ͷ˻ڡ
ڴ˿ҲͷƤţʦܳɼֱΪֳȶѽ
Լ͵ĻĽͲˣⲻ漣ǹ򰡡
ҪܳڵĲĻôѪ̽Ѫܼбһǳרҵ
̽Ҫп΢пǴͳĴп϶һ¶·
׼ݣܳɵĲ
ǰֻΪܳɻʵ츳ãʵܳǿܽ߼ף
ʣȷСΪֳȶ𣿡
΢ۡ崴ֲֲ֫֫Զäȡ˨ֳȣ
⻰ֱӣʲôʲô
ܳɣֻʺֳȣôڹǿһйףĺۼʲôأ
ܳڿϴеı׼ƣʲôأ
ڵɫʱΣ
ȴҲδ׷ֻ˵ȥ·ݣ꣬ܳһֱûвΨһĲǼǰƪص£ҲûĿС
ûʲôȽϴͻƣ
֪ǽɲž϶ڱʲôϷķʽ֣̫ϧѽִ˿̺һԼǰԼȥú̽һܳɵĳЩ
ѹǿƵļƬȼҪ¶Ĺ򰡣
ⶡνĿϧʲô˼ܳɽʦСܿҲǿǵ漰Ϲ㣬ϷһֶԴ˸Ȥ顣
۵ĸĸֻ֮ܶؽСģ飬ܲӰ쵽̫˵ϡϷķʽȻƬѧϰÿһּܹܶϵͳ
Ǻӱģʽ
һֽϲĶֽʰģǣܳЩ۵Ķûпӻֻǿζ֣ô˿ҲǺѱȥ
ϷصʽֵĻԿ͹۵һĻøС
ѧϰĻøҲãϷĻøҲãעȤǳҪĶھüá
ҲǣЩϾΪ׼ģҪ̻͵ϹŶȷʵеΪˣڸԼ˼ά⣬¶Ҫı˼άѶȶ̫󡣡
λ
ڣȥסԺͳһ£ǿңԸϷģԱڲӰѧҵ£ȥ̽һ£׼һļڡ
סࡢʵϰϡ
˵⣬ȻЦھϷɥ־ĻӦ֪ô˰ɣ
һ㶡
ԼʦôôƤǰɶǳüġ
ܿҲ֪ԭڵҽԺ٣Ϊһ
ǣֵͽ߮磬棬רҵҵమòУڷչ
֮ǰһֱпûɽҽԺܳɣУȻܳײײһȦյĽǺõġ
õģʦ
ԸˣҪҵ˼ǣڲһ£һûЧĻôҲԲɴӰ죬õʱڻʦһáΪֿǡ
ڿɲǲˣǹǿƴΣûڱ˵һã˵ӣǺҪġ
һþһãõĻ֮ͽ£ǧˡ
µ֮ǰ̫ԥĻܳʦܣƵĿҲٳԵڶΡ
Ӧú͵߮ʱһĹϣֻ£Լʱǲϡ
ܳɶͶôΣԼ˼⣬˼϶ʲô˫ȫӮľ棬ܱһͱһ
ÿһѡǶĲʵģĿǰܳϷûвӰ죬ֻҪ⴫ͺá
õʦ
ڻֳ꣬ŶֲʱͣոС˵ˣʦȥĲУ̫ϰֻϵĲĲ׼ʵʵҲܶӦʦ϶õ
СܻһȼĿ˱׼ЦһػᷢһֺǾͺãص档
ֻСܾãûļܣ൱Ҫܶʵ֮ôܹϳɸߵȼܳ
СܻˣǷǹĲ⣬ֱɽίԱֵ֧ģĿǰڿʵѵǡ
һгɣһʱҲҽԺǵѧ֡
ڣⶼҪȻ˳һٴ⣬⻹Щ
̧ͷ˻һۣĿ⸴ӡ
ֻܳر˿ң㵽˲⣬κ˶֪飡
Ȼܹõ֧֣֤Чԣ϶Ǳרҵʿ۹ģһ棬ôͿܻҽѧϵͳĸĸ
ʱҽѧĳɳߵٷ֮һôܳɾͿ԰ֿʷˡ
ɲҪСٷ֮һ
ʶ£ķۣǾѧ
뿪֮󣬶ִԼ΢ţȻȻܳɷϢ
ܳɻ붡ܹæƶͬܵĵȼ׼ȡ׻ҽѧӽӽӹ죬ʵٴ롣
ַǳ֣صػһ֡
ţ̾Ͳͨٵĵ绰
ô飬ԲֻܳһȥȥҪһԴȥۼӵϣģƽ̨ܹܳɵԴ
Ϊ˷Ȱ˵٣ֺԥذ׹Ҳˡ

ԼĪǼСʱ֮
ϵʮһ㣬ٺͶ˫˫š
˸Ǻʶ֣ΣڵĹؼǣܳԼܲһһЩܵȼ֪֪һȼһȼķţǹؼ
ֻ֪ͬľ磬ǲͬˮƽߵ֪ͣ·ôߣǾ̧ͷɽɽ·ͱˡٻǺܽһӾʵ˱ȽϹؼ⡣
̩ɽ
ߣ

ԡ
û·е·ûУҪÿ˶ȥأ
Ǿˡ
ʱûʣֻǾ¹شҪԺϼƺϼƣȥСֱʾͺ˽
ٵͷֱӴ򳵣Ϊ˽ʡʱ䣺Сڻûнѧְưɣ
ʱûУ
ûûϵѧɾͺѧˮƽмʶȷЧôԺǱ飬ҲҴӲʿڣûôš
Ŷˣʱ򼯺һеĴڣһϼƺϼơ
ƣΪ
ϴѧҽԺһ֮Էչⷽһԭģ˵ţټӿ˲١


İʮ Ϊ
붡ָϵƵʱܳںͶϾϢߣҹ
̨֮ܳ͵㵽ҽԺ
Ͼڶƪдôˣд˵ĻͿȷܳɻôʶϾ
ϾȻרҵͲʿĿǰǲʿһ꼶ʦѹͶش֮£һƪѾô㣬sci
Ҳﵽ˱ҵһҪ󣬶Ͼ˶ʿڼͷsciMetaһε·Ǹһŵġ
ܳɸ磬ѾͶˣҪǾæҾͷ˰æһ£ⲻġϾһ˵ţһߺܳɶײϡ
ȻôϸɱʱٺͶ־͵ˡ
ŵһտζ˻һʱ䲻֪ôǺˣϾܳ˶Ͻվкн׽ڣڡ
ٶȳΪҽԺԺָǹǿƵϴһѧξ͸ߵеס
Լʦ̶֪ܶԼҪĸȥҲֻܸܳ˻ţʦеġԱ
ѧ˶ʿ˺öµ֡
׽ڣڣãһԵҹܳɾԵøЩҲΪ𾴡
пϸ¡
ٺͶֵûֻܳɸǵݿʱ˶֣ؿζѾʺˣʹˣԵĶ̫ؿζ帺أӳԡ
ʣɣﴴߣʵǼˡ
ֲδָҲ̧ܳɣ߮ͷͬࡣ
ܳɾͷָƿϣⱾܳɴöϾȥƲֵҽģ֮תȥ˴סԺ
ֵҽдﲡҽҪͲ˻ȥͬʱҪҽû
ûԷҲˣˮǿȵġ
ڵܳҲϼҽʦССƲǮԸסԺҽʦľ룬㿪չ
Ͼٳ֮󣬾ͷǳ֪Ȥؿʼϣڼ˱Ƚ͵Ľ̸ǣʦʦȥˣҽͲдô鷿ʱ©
ܳɸ磬˰
Ͼ֪λп϶ܳģڵطҲһȽϺõɣʵʱϿ
ܳɶԶϾͷ
õģǵҪüأؼʱǵýݼܳô˵һ󣬾͸ϽʣµĿζס
Ͼ뿪֮󣬲˵ڣ׽ڣô˹𣿡
ٿܳɴտֿܳɵıʵûôԱ˵᲻ãʱԵҹ
ҺͶҪС㲻Ըֻ㱨ˡٵԲõ˵
ǳ˰СܰҽԺʱǾͽˣʲôҿһһƽ̨øá
ƽ̨ƽ̨Ǿ˶վͬһ棬Žƽ̨ǽݡǻʲô䱸ɶ
ֺٿǵһȽأǾǲҲû٣ܳûʦͽϵԽҽԺ֮ǰǸ̶û˺ܳʦͽϵ
ûݹϵҪȫȻ㣬ʵЩΪѱˡ
ôһ룬ֺٶã֮ǰò̶ڳΪܳɵʦ£һ֣ڷǳһ¨ˡ
̶ԼڰҽԺһ¾ʹǰŴҲ̶£ΪڣͲܷڰ
̶ĴڣԷڡ
ܳ׶ֵ˼мƽϣڣҲԸ⹲ͬ¹رȽϽҪûдѧľҺ͹ʦ֮󡣡
ԼֻȡСȨޣһ̵̯̫󣬵ʱӵˣǾͻ̫ճ
ѧ飬ҪأΪ¹ش
һ˶֪ĻƣΪ
õĽΪ
ǽ⣬ôҪֲ
Լһḻʦôܳһҧܾʹˣǡ
ĽѧǴѧоƺ˶ʿ׶ѧԷµʱʱǳ⣬ǾӰ˵һ
κν׶εĽ⣬ֲ
ֻСΧȦ飬ʲôĻܳɾԼ˽˽ؽֲһӣС
ٴ黹ǻʵ飬СΪ㣬ΪԴɱɿء
һʱ仹ûӦʦ˭ڴԺʿչ˵ˡ
֪˻ģƬ̺˵Сܣĵĺ͹ǱҪģ㲢ûпǹƽ̨Ҫԡ
һ˿ԳеԴɱһƽ̨ԳеԴɱȫһ
ǿһԱȽеķ
˵ֻѷΧһ飬ǾͿ԰ѷΧһƣһҵһڶΣ˵ʿ˵˶ʿ֮ġ
ĶάѡʹĽпѧԺͿŶȣ˵ԲپֱӴӿеĽǶȣܳڴѧۺͽѧʽ⡣
ÿһ鶼Ҫѡѡôѡʣôѧǿ϶վĸ߶ԽԽá
˵һѧϷΪѧزģһҲá
һһãҶãáݺɱȵĲοͶˡ
ֺñȣһʲôĲ࣬Լֻõļˣ̽ɡ
ܳû˵
Ϊ˲֪һԵĹؼضһ˵Ӱж󣬵֪ܳ
ģ棬ÿһأܵÿ˵켣ȫͬԼǣǣ˶ˡ
ǰչǲɿء̶ġ
ٿܳɲ˵Сܣ֪Ĺǣ֮ǰڳеʱ򣬴ûЧ
ҲҪѡʵĶģһЩͲʺΪʵ󡣡
ܲҪ˵ĿýѧţЧ԰ɣ
֮ܳǰڳеʱ򣬴ΣǴδ˵֪ܳɵĴ̹̲ô˳ĽȻҲǲǿ⡣
ܳʱӴĶɶһȺר˵ר
Ǵ󲿷ֵרѧϰЧʣѧϰĻԣгɳռĿԣҪվѧƻѧȽϸߵĿԣԱȽխһЩ
ܳεضЦЦʦллİο֮ǰڳд̵ʱ򣬵ȷһѾ
ڲóȻذ󻯣֪׽ʲôȽϺõĽ飿
ٵͷУ
棬һǹǿƻÿ궼ʡоܴǹǿȻСС֣һ㲻ѡ߮һ˲μӣҲҪһʱȥһ¡
ڶǾȫѧҽѧܴˣƴѧҪĻҿȥ뵽ǹǿ
ҽԺкܶ½סҽҽרҵ˶ʿоǸսҵʱ򣬲˵רƼһƬհףȴҲҪٴĥſõ
С԰ǵǰԤʱ̣ʽٴԤʱ䣬ҲǿԷǳһ
Զһ㣬ǾÿУоľҵԼҵΣҲоؽˮƽһҪʽ
ֱһģǾǸָܵСѵ࣬СҲ
ɻǵãǰʱɻǴӦҪרžһС͵ѵģ¶˰ɣҿɻǵãֻһֱûﻮ
֮ǰֱܳʱѸٵĶ˶⾪ȣʱԼ
ֻ֮󰡣ֱܳȥħپȻԼ
ΪʡҽѧǿƷֻĸ֮һʳԲһ£ٿһֱǵá
ܳԣĿ˸˼£ɴϣ׽ڣҾǿԼѧҿԴǱĻǾˡ
µר˶ҵʱ仹ãǿԹ۲һʱ䡣˵ǸСѵ飬ҲȲɡ
Ľѧ¹رشܳɲ
ܳɶ˷ߣһСܣӦ֪ƣΪ
Ҫ˵ϴѧҽԺʲô԰ѷչʧĶôȱĲļΪ߼˲ţҲ츳ţѧҪһ
ΨһһֻкˣϺǰˣܹʹϡ
ԣΪ˹ǿҲãΪʲôƽ̨ǿԽһԴɱġ˵üΪ֣ء
ѧڲϷչḶ́˭Ҳұ֤ԼѧһɲŻһɲš
ս̽ȥһζıأֻܹżԼõŰҽԺѧУΡ
ÿԺУţʶߣԻҪߵصĽѧ档
лл׽ڣҴ֪ôˡ
ģһ
ʵϷ֮Ҳֱӹ㷶Χƹ㣬Ϊǲȫİ汾ʵVR3DϷҲ֪׽Ƿ֪
ҪһҪ棬Ϸ棬ԿɹĻǿ޵ĽʦĲ޾ѧ֣Զ̴̣ԽʱͿռ롣
Ȼֶ϶޷㷺ռϾҲģ


İٰʮ ˾
գٺͶֺܳϸ۹֮ĽǣƵĴλС顣
һλٵ˶ʿо㳬Ŀǰרҵ˶ʿһ꼶һǶֵѧڣҲһ
Ŀǰǿƴɳȥμӹǿоܴġ
ˣܳɶʱйӴ
֮⣬ܳɵͬѧ棬Ҳڼ֮󣬰Ӧתȫˣڽתܳߡ
ʦ
ʦ㳬ͻôܳɣ̬Ծн
ԼλͬѧôܳɣҲǸŸһʦ
ܳ˲䷭˷ۣţƣͱˡԺͳһһ³ƺɣͺܻܳɣ߳ɸҲԡ
Ͷ¡
ʵߣܴĻͻһЩ
ӦǣҲһЩôġ
ǾǼֻǱȽ϶ġ
ô˵ţܳɾͿ㳬ͻڣ㳬ڣ棬Ȼǵͬѧǰ֮ǰй飬һļףֻȽϿ졣
ǰڵĶֻȽ϶һЩǿҪŬȡϣû¿
㳬Ծ˵ܳɸ磬Ƹһϴ磬ľ϶ӷḻЩ
һʵкöĹ飬¼ҽԺĻֲĻһЩڲϵĻӶһЩڸѾֱӰϼһЩˡ
˵˵ϣܡ
λСֵܵĳɳٶȺܿģֻǿͳһЩʱ䣬ǾͱҸǿˣ
Ҫȱҵû취ȵġ
Ƹ磬ˡ
ôһ
ܳɲ˵㳬ڣл棬ڲŽ
ҪֻѧϰһЩܣȻĻҲһԼҪѧϰķ򣬿ȹһ飬Ȼٴʺϵֲϡ
ѧϰ̣ܻԱȽϺһЩ
Ȼ㳬ͻҪǰѻʵһΪ׼
ҪĻԼĻ׵ؽٴ
ڽĻ֮ܺǰģвͬϸڵĻǿappӦвĻңҲǵʦ߮磬ǿķơ
СҲͬ䰡ҪСǺܺѧģѧϰٶҲܿ졣
ȻǿĿǰֻסԺˣǱȽϺĲ֣ˣ㳬ͻǸдһ²ÿһʱ䣬Ҫϰðɣ
ǿңȻǴƣǿʱ仹ġ
ȻҪǣϼܳô˵һһȥ
֮󣬻ŵлܳһദ
пܣԽԽʦļ˰
ܳһЦˣǱƳġͱЦ˿ʵҲĽڵ״̬Уң޲ðʱֳɺü룬Լп
Ϊͬѧѣܳɾ͸²˺һСʱա
ΪֻлϵΪƽȵģǰѣҲܳɵˡ
ԣЩܶȨͶϾģԺͻ²ۡ
Ҳͷҵ⣬ϲǲϲʱȥְһ
ûκһ˻ҽѧĵ·ôԶڻôߵĳɾͣ컯Ū˰ɡ
ҲͦõİȶϣĶ㶼ܹõ
ǶܳɵģܳɸѧٴҽѧʱһٸԸ⣬뾡˸ַȥУɰһɶ
ǿؿһסֻ࣬û뵽ܳĵٴ֮󣬾Ȼôס
Ȼٹһܳɵָ£ǸϷĹУͿʼӲ
һֱ٣һͲˡ
١

ϣֵܳȵ˰ˮ
ź͵ֻ˵ܳɣҹһһؿ𣿡
ܳϸؿҰˣսȻÿûʲô尡αأ
ҲǹǿרҵģûҪôɣ
˲ήˣֲͣһصģҾֻѽһЩǿҲõõ
رпͺܹǶε֪
֪ΪʲôΪûǱڵǻ϶ģʵǲһĺðɣ˵
ܳɾͿЦ˵ⱾһϰĹߣôǱڵǻ϶ͻۡ
˵ͷֻĻˣϣȻˮĹƽϣ˺˱Ĥ
ԵˮͰɡ
һ룬һ˵һˮͣô˵ڴĴġ
ðɣϰ˾ͺáżҹʵЧƹǺ
һ£˲١
ֵܳ˰࣬ʵǿԲڿģ߮£ܳɾͰ߮綥һࡣ
˰ɣ㲻ʣһҵⶼתƵȥˡЦŤ
ֲ֣αҪءܳٴظԼĹ۵㡣
㲻ҲǸֱСߺߣȻԵΪ졣
ȻʣǿƵһ˽£ܲܺѰæһư汾ѽ
ҪôһŵĳɱҪ٣
ܳתͷĿ˸ȷʵģûֱӴӦ
صú棺ҿ϶ûдӦôܰδӦҪǮ顣
ܳɾ͸Ȼһָ
Ϊһӣܳɾ˵һǧŰΪñȽżҴȥ꿪ʼҾͺȨԽˡ˺ܶ񣡡
ҪıȽżĻἼܵĹܣڵĿȫŲãҲҪһ롣
һǧŰɲСǮˡ
ϴѧҽԺƣЧ棬Ҳûô࡭
ðɣˡ˵ͷͲټˡ
ˣǲǶѧװòƶ⣬ҷĶʷ⡣
ܳɣ
һ£һ£˵ûһֿܣƺܳɵɴ۾
˵ͷҲô²ġ
ͬУоǷϵģʲôĻôҲص̫ˡ
߮ʫӦǿˡ
ˣܳſھ
ܳһ£Ӧûš
Ҹ
˼룡

գӰʱ߮Ҳ˿ǾÿС顪
һ˻ͬʦܡ
ҼʶһȦֱ֮߮ӰѻڸˡܳɿһĻǾͰ㳬ʱ˷ơ
ƽܵʱԽţҲûܾȻͰ㳬ˡ
ôһĽѧǳʼˡ
ȻתһȦܳɱΪԼͿôˣû뵽ǣ߮ڰѻڴȥ֮һ۷˻ǳƶܳɣһûףǸ෢Լ׵Ĳˣ񿵸ôãⰡ
һأڵ绰ʵģ߮ı棬Ȼºɵشܳɡ
İ
֮ǰ㽲ܳ˵
ԾһǾԾ⣡߮粻Ľ׷ʡ
ҾŲԾϣ˴ʲôԺźǰɣܳɷ˷ۣ˵
Զ෢Լףһǿȫģ֢ܳģģĽ
ļʲ󣬻ȶڰٷ֮ʮң
˵ãٷ֮ʮȥ
߮ü˼һ󣬼ûԭʼݲοѡһܹѡʵƵ
ҲУƷǸϵҲһ屶
ܳԣͷ۵øã߮˴ֱ̫ˡ
ʲô˼
Ҹ㣬Ǵǧ֮ԽĿԲ
ȻҵȥдһС˵ܳɷ˷ۣϴ߮Ļ
֣Ǻ̽⣬Ҿ϶ʲôӿѧоķܽǶԺչ¿⣬õģ
밡ÿһּƵô׼Ļܹҵһֹɣ
ôڽлƵƷʱ򣬾ͿԾܶಽģ
ܳɣߣģ
ҾĿԸ㣡

߮׷ִܳ̽ѧ⡣
ܳ
û취ʵܳ飬ܳģҲôʹ߮磬Ҳûҵ߮絽׿ʲôҡ
ԣ߮ӽ棬϶һֱȽϿѧĵײ߼棬ôݣܳɿַ
֪̬ȣ߮Ҫ׷һ¡
һСʱ֮ܳɲڵ
γѵܳ£Ժѡʱ򣬻ѡȨ˱ȽϺá
߮ˣ̫ڼ˼άֱʤ
źͷӶһ֮䣬Ҵΰ¡ֵܳ˵
̫ˣֵָƷҪ߮ƽͣͲͨҪһѧоԼģʱұһ治֪ôƾ֡
߮磬ϸڲ׽Ҳ̫ǿˣˣ߮ȥİɡ


İٰʮһ С죡
ҽҲʱ˾ʱܳɴ㳬ͻ˲ʱô
ǰ߮߮ٺͶֽúܳͷͲˣƴӲʣԾܳӡ
GܳɵǴӳеһҽԺŽ
Ž˿ЦƺδΪ֮ǰͺܳ
ŽĺѧܳҲֻЩ졣֮ǰйӴֻǲǵ֣Ͼܳȥ껹ڳд
ܳӭȥΡҲӲ
ҲˣҴʦܹ
Žһ˵Ҿ˵ԺжͬĻǾû취ˡ
㳬ͻ˶ʶˣܳɾ͸ϽܣŽο֮ǰĹؽΣλڻء
˸Ͻʦ塣
ŽЦ˵Ƕܹܲҽϣǿ϶ͦġ
ú׼ȡܶ㼸֣Ȼмβᡣ
Ը͸¶һ㣬ľǰģʽȫһŶ
ʱŽ˺һСţˡкˡ
Žˣ͸Ͻ뿪ˣ
ʦҽԺĻǲǵȻŴ㳬Ŀ˸ʡ
һεĹǿƼܾܹʮУϴѧҽԺһ룬ȻʡҽʡǴӵؼҽԺҵġ
ϴѧҽԺУټŽΣʮоٵķ֮һĲкøС
Ǻ°
ʶˣչǿ϶ģжڲʶˣ˵ԣǻϸҲǿ϶ġ
Ҫô࣬úòƾʵӮñؼġµĳɳҲԼڴЩܳûμӹı˲̫
㳬˵ʦһεѵӾǸӦĲʿ¶֮⣬ʡרҵίԱίԼίԱһĹϵ
ͺñ˶ҽѧһ˶ҽѧרҵίԱίԱԼʡҽѧǿƷֻؽھ鳤ҽԺĶڡ
һλ죬ҽԺĽڡҽԺĶںͶҽԺĻƽڶپỻİӡ˵εľĻһӰ죬Ǿж󣬾Ͳ̫ˡ
ܳԣתͷ㳬˭˵ģô֪أ
ĵܳɻ治á
ھ˵ΪʡڵרҵίԱᣬȥҵʵ͸֮⣬ѧͻһ㡣Ҳ֪ҽѧķֻѧ飬ҪڵĿĳ˴ҽƾ֮⣬Ǹѧˡ
Ա紴ơؽơ˶ҽѧרƣÿ궼ĳƬ߽ᣬ
רҵίԱΪʡڵˮƽӦ
ɻʹ̵оһϵ
ϸ룬пܡ
ѧҽԺ֮ıƴȥʵ֮⣬ؾǴˡ
ԭ
ڱת˶ֵĻܳɣʦʦ˵ʵڽѧҽԺľͦѵġȻӹ͸ǲɿ̫࣬ʵ˶ҽѧѧһ컻ʱ򣬻ƽ붭ڵʵ޼ǿѧ
ҽԺĻƽڿܾǴ̵ˮƽ΢Ƿȱôһ֣ڴѧۺˮƽϡ
һλƽڵĲʿǻƽڴоʱʹߵģϤĽ̵꣬϶ҲǱŵһͷζȥġ˵ܹµһƽھͻׯƼ¬ôܳɿš
Ȼܳɻ￴һЩϤġˡ
ܳɵһβμʡǿʱǼȣܳɵڻǵõ˵ĻԼ𺳡
˿̻ڻവ
ƲŶԣԺʿ
Ժִӡ
ܲˡ
νϴѧҽԺġƲʿԺʿоǡܽڡֻڵĵĳνб仯
ƲʿԺʿԺʿûиı䣬ܽڳ˲
߽󣬲ʶ㳬ͻʦܣɶܳȴеӡ
ȻӦ֮󣬸Ͻ죬˵ߣ
ŷ׷׶ܳɹһͷ
ЩҵĻ˽ԣҪǱϼˣǻᱻеġǿɻǵЩˣ
뵽ʵҺ󣬾Ͱ˵õѵݣвμѵ˶μѵ
һѵ;ѡĿҪ˶ҽѧصģģģ
μѵе࣬ÿҲһ֣ûʱˣ൱ھǰϤһ¾ػڡ
ѵ֮󣬲ؼĻڡ

Զʽÿĸˣһ٣֣ơ
Ȼʼͳһ²Ķ飬Ȼܹʮ֧֮ࡣ
඼ҽǲʿ˶ʿ
ʡʸʿоģɲֹϴѧеһҽԺҽܹϣаʮһͬ
֮ǰ϶ǻʶġ
㳬ͨʦ٣ηǳпܾǰĶ
ϵͳҽԺĲʿĶ飬ʮ֧
кϴѧҽԺУ֧ߣ㳬رǿ֧˵ǺϴѧĸҽԺڹؽھ뼹úܲųк֡
ʡʦѧĸʡҽԺȵɳвľжʮ֧飬ʣµʮ֧ǵؼҽԺʡҽԺˡ
ЩˣҲС
ͽѧҽԺͷǶѧҽԺһڣǾγײֻ߳׷֣Ϊ˸˶Ļᡣ
ڹؽھĲϣвٵʵ
쾺ݣֻäУܲҪԼһЩ
ȷ˷֮㳬ͻڶ˾վŵĶ顣
㳬ԱվŵĶǸĶ飬֧ǰϴѧҽԺĶ飬ֱϴѧҽԺĶ顭
ܳɲǲߣҲί˿̾ڶıԵʱغʶ˴кȻӦʶģȴʶˡ
㳬Ҳں˴кʦ֣ǻڣڵѧ
ʦֵԾ˵ԭǻʦܣڵѧɶ򵥰
ô˵ԱϴѧҽԺ˶ҽѧζڵʿҲֱ𿪿ڵ꣬ⶡڵѧ
߮ʦܣ˵Ź֡
·һֱ֧ĸо
ֵѧ߮ûľϳͷȻǴƵ˶ʿǹǿƵһרƵľǶͷĴڣʱǣǲʿ
Ƕڵѧʦ㳬϶ǱȲܸǵġôܣҲԼʦޡ
㳬ʶ܈ףʦ־ͺáһǶڵʦ֣Ҫҵˡ
㳬Ͻʿʦ֣ʦ֣ʦ֣㳬ǺССͿˡ
ǹǻġ
ɫԺ˵úüͣ
㳬ǹǿڲˣȻԿ˵ԺദĻᡣ
ǲһ߮磬Ҳ˵ˣһε˶ҽѧʵǸٽҵѧһֵĻᣬõ֤֮󣬲ڱʡҹȥʡ⣬൱㡣
ҲԺҲмӷ֡
ͽӵСһ͵ǿˣܶ߼֣ǼֵĲᣬûҪôࡣ
ǻҪһʦֺʦּ͡Ŀǰʿһ꼶܈Ƕ꼶꼶ٽҵԶʮýʦ֡
˵㲻İǴñӸѧãСȥ׽״
ЦЦû˵
㳬ó⼸ʿʦֿƺ㣬һ໥Ҫˣ϶ҲȫԸġڼˣǶǱϰС졣
ɣ֮ǰ㳬Ҳ;ԼǸСˣڣ㳬Ǿãδؾûһս֮
Ͼܳɣ߮磬ǴƳģ澵ӶټϹڹؽھϵͳϵ¶һԵĸ
㲻֣ҲܹѧʦǵĹס

ڣϷˡ
ϴѧҽԺĶǰ˱Ĺ˵һΰǱȥľٴζеΪ˸ӹƽ֤
УҡϴѧҽԺĻƽڣҽԺĽڣ
ΪУεľọ̈̄ԺԺ˵ļ½Уֹƽ
дΪֻһʽ
Ϊ˱ʾƽǽ߷ֻ1.5֡еķ1.0֣ܷ16.5֡
Ҳ˵ÿߵ÷ޣȥ߷ֺͷֺ󡣾Բܳʮķ֡
αأҲǰ̫һǰģʽ̫ˣʱˣڽʱ
һΣ׼ĿһĿǴͳʯӡд֡ǳֵı
ڶä·Ƥ
͵˵ɡ
һ׼ܹе־Ϳͬʱͬʱ
עˣʱÿҪ˲һ˸дȶ֣һ˸ʯӡ
ϹأдԽãʯӸߣѵʱԽ̣ɼԽߡ
Ȼֲ壬ֲ壬ǻᱻһƱİȾ
Ҿ͸һǰǩɡ
ھȥƺ̫ãһ飬ֱӳ˸4ţ
Ҳ˵ڶ֣㳬ھͱҪϳ


İٰʮ ɶѽ
ڿ㳬˵ƺе̫ðڶ־͸ˡ
㳬Ц˵ûϵķ
ܿ죬123žͳˣһǻеĶ飬ǺϴѧҽԺĲʿ飬žȻǻƽڵͽܣ¬Ķ飡
¬ȻһͳˣʱĽšǻƽڴĲʿܲô
ĳزر󣬾һ͵ʵҰ豸Ų˱Ե֮мճһյأڷ̨ӣ̨Ӿäвϵͳ㳬֮ǰϰʱһ
΢ͬǣäǰʾֻεľֵĻ棬㳬֮ǰϰĹ̶档
ǶӵĲˣҪԼƾеĻ棬Ȼ󶼵ֲʡһ˿Ƴīī
ҲǶŶЭһֿ顣
Ƕ˲ߵĺ棬Բ߲ʲôӰ죬Աʾסˣʾʵ˫ʾģĻһЩԿԿø
ΪäвٿأҲ²߻ʲô׵ΪֻҪˣôֻҪܹڱĹ֮ڣǶġ
û̫༤ʵĻʲôĵĳƪ۵ģǵÿݺͲߡ
ԱȺĺ󷽻߲෽ΨһҪǲŵߡڲУ۷ʲô˵
˶ҽû˭ϲԼʱ˵ţʶеġ
ЩҽĲߣĶǵؼлؼҽԺʡϴѧϵͳ֮Ĵbossһμڹۿ
ÿſһ㶼еѹеˡ
˱򣬻б󷽵ĵȴ׼㳬һε׼š
Ȼվǰ棬˿ӰĻ㳬֮ЩԱǶֿˣż⣬򴩷ҹۿλ
̨ʾԱߣվͳʱĹԱһо֮ġ
鶼׼˺󣬺б㺰һһҪд־ϴѧĸ֣ʱϸʮ֮ڡͬǰʼʼʱ
£̳ĸ˲
Ϊÿ̨豸ҰҪһӣһʣīҪҲҪ˲㹻ɡ
Ҳڱ֮ǰҪӣǵҪԭ
һε鶼ĸͬʱʯ˲дҲͬʱ
ʯǵ˿ؾͷ˸ӣдֵĲǵ˿ؾͷһ˿Ʊī
Ҫд֣ĸ
Ҳְӣһ֣дǱҪܹʶУǴҶĹء
дֵĿǱԵص㣬˰עĶдֵŶӡ
ҪľҪֽŷĻѷ㷴ˣʱд£ǾЦˡ
ʾʾǾ˷Ŵģ˰һA4ֽĳȣʾʮϵľȡ
Զƺ̶ʮܿҵ˳ŷ󣬾ͲƶӵߣؾٶȣûлѺܶʱ䣬ʯͷҪҺʯͷҪһЩ
ܿ죬¬Ѿˣ
Ʊʼдһ̶ī
Ȼдµڶ㡣
ֱʱŵ000030Ҳ30ʱ䣬Ѿҵطˮдʱ㣬һԺϴѧĸҽԺĶ飬д˵һ㡣
Ǹ飬ſʼҵʵĵط
ֻôһ¬Ѿռˡ
һĻȴڳɫһ䡣
¬ʼдľԵʱ򣬾ȻǸϴѧĶ飬Ҳʼдľ֣һɣ
ԣǸдֵˣҪ¬ддø
һĻ÷ǳ˶ֳ֮ɫȻ˺ϴѧҽԺǸڣֻɫЦû԰Ҳûнţ·һж֮С
ôҵڱԣǶǳֵڸʲô⼸ûԺûл£һ¡
ڣҪôѧҪôʦҽعصˣֻ໥н
࣬ԽԽԡ
¬Ÿֵʱ
ϴѧĶ飬Ѿѧ֡
ʱ㣬ȴְӡ
ɲʲôֱñд֣һҪдܹʶÿһÿһ˿
ԣְʱ䣬ѾǷǳõĳɼˣȥһĳɼ߷ӡ
ȥдҪȽһЩϴѧҽԺĸ֡
ʱЩûǺõġ
ϴѧĶ黹ûѧֵʱ򣬻еĶƺѾָдϲˣͣīһīѸոдָˡ
һ֣ȻֿƱʻ٣ṹָдȥǸҽԺҽ֮ͬ
äд֣ҪһԼīԲҪ󣬵ȷеġر΢٣Ҫ֮
Ѿʧȥ˽ʸ񣬵ǣǻڼš
Ҳû˴ǣϾѧϰʵľּ֣ҲǶЩϰʱͻᡣ
ָ߶˵ϰ豸ڻжûмġ
ʱ䶨ʮʱڣϴѧĶɵдݡּϣȻʻֲ̫鷨
ǽҲһܹд鷨ϵô
Եǣһʱ䷶Χڣдֺ󣬼еʯԽ࣬Խá
ԣϴѧǸرʵ٣д֮󣬸¬ᣬֱӽӹ˼ʯӵĲˣȻٵؼ
ٶȷǳ죬һһһֱе¬дɣύ˱ԣѡֹ
ƺǿԸİ
ȷձĹأԽд֣ɼԽáƫƫҪȵ¬д꣬Ž˳ɼضЩʯӡ
ⲻǹҲô
ѵֻСô
ȻˣҲ޿κΣҲûסܳע⵽ǻƽҲЩɫҲû˿ı仯
ܳɱ룬ûϵģƽڣЩ˴š
ֻ¬Ͻ˳ɼ֮ؿһԱߵĶ飬ȥ˸֡
һַеֲˡ
Ҵչֺ˱㶼һϢȥˡ
רͳƣԻڵڶС֮ٹһĳɼ
϶Աߵ˲ָָ
⼸СӵʵΪʲôҪƫƫͣôһѿе㲻̫˰
˭֪أѿⲻĵҪô
СôܳһԹۿλǲУȴ˵ˡ
ܳɿ˸ЦԺվſġٺ١
˲伷˼üëûΡ
ԼҲѧԾͰע㳬Ǹ

ڿϴѧҽԺӵĽڵʱ򣬷ҲɫӣƺҲûԤϵᷢչӡ
ϴѧҽԺϴѧҽԺʡͷҽԺ
ƽＴϴѧҽԺĽȻȥҽԺҲԲ
ʡĻܵÿɣϴѧҽԺʱҽԺǿƵĽúɣñˣƽʱڽεʱһЩȥ׷ȥٵС覴ã㻹벻˸ˣ
ǲ㣬ǰɣҲû˽ϴѧҽԺϴѧҽԺоͲʿģҽԺѧ㣬ǰȥרž͵¬˲ŵϽɼ

Ǳ΢˰Ӷ࣬԰ķͳԱ֮󣬲ŷԸ˵ڶС鿪ʼ׼Ҫдǣѧĸ֡
ʱһֺ͵һдֵһģ˳һΪ˱һֵ׼ǰù滮رǰֵ׼
ȻһС΢Կһ㣬Ҳǲɱġ
֮㳬ںͲ;ϵ˲̨ǰˡ㳬дīڸƾʯӡ
ռƵģҲûʲôףϾǿ˾Ļ
ҴҶ֣
һεĲ飬ϾǴ͵ġϴѧҽԺо飬оνƲˡ
һˮеĲ飬ˣƵ֡
˿СʣϰģҲûи̫ע
ϴѧҽԺĴڣѸողǸȥˣȥĽŲҲǷŭúܣҪƵġ
Щ˹ĵģɵ£͵ɵӿͺˡ
ϾһѧڼܾеߵͣúϴѧĸҽԺϴѧϵͳҽԺ̨Ϊʡͷϴ
Կʼ
һ֮
㳬ͻڻ˵ͷȻ㳬̾ͿʼžA4ֽߣٶȣʮӶû
ţ̾ͰѱҲϵ˾еλãֿƳīʼд֡
һ̣ʮ롣
˶ɵˣʾļ׼ˮĲУֻѲˮţͣô
ǣɶ


İٰʮ ǰʯ
붭ںͽڼ˶ţ㳬ոյĲƺڰʲô
ԼǼʿҲûȰ

֣дģ㳬ϣȴǷǳؾһһض
ϣ
дʱ򣬲Ųʮʱ䡣
ʮʱ䣬д֡оűʣҪīīʮ˴Σ൱ÿҪһһһοī
TM˸ɵ¶
Īĸλ߸ڻ˲棬Ŷ
ϵʵûлäеϰᣬϣҲһ졣ƽҲһģ
ǰֱڲϿɣȻ󾭹˼ʮܽƴģûڵѧĸ
㳬ûͣ٣ֱӿʼ֣
ʮʣҪֺЩϾûô΢㳬ɵʱʱ仹ûһӡ
ȫͺ鲻ͬһˮƽ
⻹ôȣ
ٶȿԱٿ̬֮ˡ
رǡƲ͡Ժʿ˿̲ͣ㳬ţоɽһ㡣
ǱʲôʿԺʿ˶ʿٿ㳬ͻ˵ͱԼᣬ¡
Ҫǣ㳬дְ塣
ʲô˼ˣ֣ϵõϲһˮ롣
û壬һˮ롣Ȼ鷨ܹϣͿȫһġ
ѧ֣͸Ӽˡ
㳬ٵ֮󣬱ͣī䡣
㳬һۻڣ߱㳬һۣȻһûסϵʯӶʯͷѺͺ֮䣬Ҳֹͣ˲
㳬ԥؾ͵ʦǽ
˵꣬㳬΢˼˹ս̨ڵλá
㳬ߵʱƺԼԼʦ²ۣ˵ⲻܣԲ̬ܰҲи޵ģСôܳɳô죿Ҳ߲ô찡
㳬ǳţﰵ˵ʦ²۵ɣ
ôҲѧҲҽԺԺǲ
㳬ſܳɣȻ֣ܳʦû𾪻·Լͻȡõĳɼ͸Ӧ
㳬ƫͷ˵ڣȻһҪ뼸ʦִһ٣ԺõģǽıӦǳˡ
˵ã

һߣ㳬˵꿼Խ仰Ա߼ʱԱɵˡһʱ侹Ȼ˰¼ʱ
ֱ㳬˶Ⱥ󣬲Ű£ʱ䣬Ҳ000254
Ŀ͵ػͷ˿ԱμӱԱ⼸˱ҪһЩ
ʹ֪ôǺãһȫ²ôеʴӵĸо
ΪǶûɵڶֵд㳬߾дˡ
Ա֮£˺ԺԶеǿˡ
رϴѧҽԺƲ˿̵ıν⾫ţΪϵĻƣ֮ǰܳɵˡ
ǵļʱԱӦ󣬵ѵǵıԻڼ˷ʱ˰ɡ
ֻǲ¿ʼ˲ֻ̬ͿһͿˡ
дֵֶеƵزдһֱԼǼǲǳ鵽ĲͬһĿ
֣ɲֹˣҲˣǻû̫ؿ㳬Ĳ̣ǽѾǰ
ֻл͵͵һ۲ԱϢͷϴѧҽԺüͷ
ЩȻԲãɻԼļƷְϣԥҲд1.50֡
Ȼ󿴵ڸ1.490.01Ϊ˱ӣ
ñӶ
·ǰɣ㻹֡
͵͵Ƴһߵ⼸ѣ⸴ӡ
ģðģ
رǣȺлһʵ̲סˣ˵һ仰գСӡ
Ȼ͸Ͻ죬ǴӽһͷģƽڲԶε͸ӸˣøӶ
ϯУϴѧҽԺĻνڵĲʿ꼶ѧ¬̬ͱˣ
һϴѧҽԺ˰ˣǾˣôܱǿ׼ģ
ðһϴѧҽԺģҿͣرʦܣҲˡ
TM鰡
¬󼸸͵͵ȺȥͷԼˡ
ǣڲԱĺ򣬼ÿ˵϶͸¶ãȻ֮ɫ
TMôȣ
꣡һ£е¡܈Ⱥҵٵѧʦܺôһ
ɫҲ൱ʰҪԼʦܴѹҪ܈ʦֵѹ
굱תͷȥʣʦ֣ɶ¶
˵Ĺģ܈׵ɫҲʮ־ʡ
Ǹ߮ʦܲĻͶˣȴ֣֪

㳬תͷؿ˿ֲ
㳬˵ͷĬˣΪ㳬ԼǴٶȻǴдĹͶǷǳԵġ
ллʦ
˸رõʦ㳬˵
㳬ͬһСǸƲ͡Ժʿûܿסѹ;ͷˡ
һϴѧҽԺо飬ǻûдѧ֣ʮӾ͵ˣֹ˱
൱㳬С飬ֱӾһɱԣ
ʸûˡ
ⳡ棬΢еΡ
Ҳôü˰ѵһСĶͳƳˡ
1С1Ŷӣ12.2֣Ŷӣ12.5֣3Ŷӣ9.2֣
ɼѾǳˣرǶŶӣµķıжŽǰеġ
һǵһСĳɼѾ൱ˣܹԵ̬СĴڣ˭пչעǵĳɼ
ǸɵӶܿóǺϴѧҽԺĲ飬2С2ŶӾȫһ
ԣӦ˵2С2Ŷӣʯׯڵֱײ̣ŵׯһ
˶Ǳ̣Ķ
гʱϢӣ
ڵ3С׼ȥʱжͻȻվ
˶ҽѧѧ鳤ҲһεУԣһεıԣôһ⣬ú⼸пһ¸ô㡣
һεı԰Ϊ˸ʿҹһдᣬǸ˶ʿоװƱ
Ȼͻأûκ˾֡
ȻҲ;ͣϢǶڲһ֮󣬲Żᷢġ֣ſʼ;ͣϢģرټ
У·ֻйһΡ
һΣҲǽƣҲȷҪÿ鶼ԺԼĴӽͨһӣȶ̬
ȻĻǴҵ̬ˣһıѹͲܴ֧ڶ֣òҲʡ
һӣ㳬˾Ҳزסˣ˶ԼͬذĿ۽ǵϡ
ըըˣ
ȻôᣬŶ
ٸϽ߳˱أΪҲĿеĲԾ
ٸղŴߣҪ㳬Žֻ㳬ıӰȻǳεصԭλϡ
ڿŽ飬ʣոˣʶ
Ž˵ͷʶҸոտҽԺСܴġ
ϴѧҽԺĻν˵ڣϴѧҽԺ˲ű
νڵ˼ԣҽԺڵúܰ
ǰ꣬ҽԺ߮ϣ°ǿû취ȥˣǸ߮һصȽȹ
һǰɣ
ǰɣ
ӲͷƤ˵ƽڣԩˣһ㳬ԺѧһǻڣǿҶεѧ
˵ɶϵˣֻǸǿһ¡֪ôŶΪԼƽ
һԺѧһѧһǲֲѧ
ҽԺĽͲˬˣڵð߮ҲǶѧҲǵģҿֱ˶ҽѧ鳤ˣʲôŶ
ڰѶֺ޵ġ
Կǿǣһοôһ¡ڸϽԼƲĸɾ
Ƕ˶ҽѧˣڲңҪôõ˲ţҪ䡣
Ҫѧ˵ʲô취ٳǻǸϽһ¸ôɣ
ûػô쵰£Ҳö˶ҽѧ鳤ⶡҲ󰡡
רҵڸԵרҵڶͷġ
ξ˵ô죿һ£ǰһصȽǻȥȻǱ߮绹˵㡣
˺ǵĲ࣬ʵÿҲ˵ĺֺͷչ
ָһصȽǰɣֹ
˶ҽѧļܾûصȽ˵Ψһһ˵ңһָ˵ʵڵ鲻ôá
ͷˣӦһֱǰɣ


İٰʮ Ǹɲ
˰óĽ۾ǣٿһɡ
ҲãϴѧҽԺøصȽ΢еЩҲͬķ
ȻڻǾãȻܳģİˣûҪڵҽԺķͷˡ
ǴϣФܺͻƳͣǺϴѧҽԺӵˡ
ڲʿʱȱĶϴѧļҽԺѧ
еĻƳͣԱԵһĳɼԡνѡԼѧܣƳ;һֱֻѡѡĺϴѧˡ
ʱյҹνһ£νֻ˵һ䣺ܵıƺоϴѧӱã
ʱƳ̬ͱˣ
TMԶ͵ʲôϵӺôûأ
Ծںϴѧ˺ǴϺͷФܣҪڱҵ֮ǰ⼸һػġ
⼸꣬ǿûרŵȥäеѵĲʿȡٴ˵ĲᣬǴ඼ˣΪһ
ƺôˣоôˣ
ֻǷФܺǴϵʱǸһ
ҲǱΪġھˢ
֮ǰͽˣ⼸ҽԺĶ飬Ҫظһ£֮ǰǴҪרŸ㡣
Ǳҵ֮ʡһףغдãʸߣαҪʡأ
ȥʡϴѧҽԺĽжӰۺɲɽѧĸҽԺ֪ȣֻͣڼʮǰ㻹ʡȥң
׬Ǯ׬
Ǵ϶ˣڵһ־רŵָд־Ͻⲻǿʲô
ФܺͻƳ˵ˣǴﲻR˰壿
ǴϵɫФ˵Ǵϣǲ밴ԭƻ£б䰡ǸϴѧҽԺ˶ʿ϶е󲡣Ҳ֪ġ
֮ǰμӱԣûоѹ
ڣҪõһǳѣòһרٸܺ܈ףʲô尡󻹲ϴѧҽԺ˵һ
ܿܣһ˭עڶĻɫ
Ұڶô˭
ǴʵҲĻ˲ϷˣԼһԵе̫ͷײࣿ
ɫٴλһ㳬һֲʱ𺳸УòƷФܺͻƳ˵ûë
Ǿ˵ֻܹùǴɫص
ФܸϽοڣڣǴϣҲûôʲôǰɣ
˱Ѫգ֪Ѷˣ˲һܼסʲô£һԵǸ飬ҲûڶҲû
˭עС¶Ϊ㳬ͻȻ֣ܹ˽죬ҶڱԵʱЩˡ
ǰǰ룬ˣ΢һôҲǿģûЩġոչڲҲôҪע㣬ҪٽŸˡҲû⺦㰡
Ǵ̾һҲû˵ʲô

ܿ죬ڶֵıԾͿʼˡ
ڶֵĹؾä·ƤƤƤ
ӴҶԹҲ˰ӵƤͳĹ⣬жֻ࣬ҪǸӵ˶֪׾߰Ƥˡ
Ҫᡣ
ţҿ򼸸ڼԣеѶˡѶȵĲ黨Ѳߡ߽飬رصǿ֢ǲҪֵɹΪã
ǰõģֲͬƷҿҲǰк˵ģȻ޷֤ÿ˵Ŀȶȫһ£ѶҲǲµġ
ڶֵĹȵһָӼ򵥡
äлˣŷ߼һǯӣᡣֲֳ˸ߡ
ʱ3ӣϴĴԽ࣬ͳɼԽߡ
ô˵ˣһóƤһܹϵóɹ3äвܹϳɹһ룬GСӵ־ͺɡ
ؽھ·ϴĹ͵ˣʵҲΪϰ΢ڷϴᡣ
ڵĹؽھкܶϴĹߣִͳķϴˡּܵϰҲǷǳбҪˡ
ҹؽھµķϣ˲ķϣҲǲһġ
ԺܿͿʼˡ
ֻŶӣƿһ̨ܹôҶؿʾڵĲ
ʡҽԺӺҽԺϿʼ˲
룬롣
û⣡
Ҫᣬص㣡

ȻûǿҽԺСڷϵĹУһߵķ˺˱Ƥ
ʧܣ
ʡҽԺĶҲڴĹؼʱһµͬʱߵƤ
ٶû٣Ǽһķϡ
ֻһοܺʧܵʡҽӽһЩڽʱͣȻӶˡ
ҽԺǱҲ̫ãڴ˵һ֮ٴڶʱ򣬷ɿˣ
ù˿öЩżлƵġ
ڣʱӵʱʡҽ˵һᡣ
ҽԶǱһᶼûɣҲˡ
ʡҽپ˲Ĵǵؿʼ˵ڶᣬţôҲҪҽԺĶȥ
ֻԽæԽţһһӶûһᡣ
ʱߵ˵ס
ԱߵҽԺᣡ
òйܳˡ
ҽԺӣʤ
ԽӭһƬ
ҪǴڹĹжеѶȣԣ֣뽯¶ӶֵЩ
ǽ󣬶ڻЦεĵڶ֣һС黹û˱ͷ˵ĵԽԽ˰
ڵĿ佱ҽԺĽڶ˵˹ŬСϷҽƴѧĲʿǱߵĶνڽ̵ĺá
ʡҽҲ˵ͬ˼Ҳǫǫ顣
ھ͵ǫûҪˣٽһС˱ΰɡ
ϣһķФܺϴѧҽԺҽԺĲʿӾˡ
ǸʿϴѧҽԺĽڵѧȻ΢ȷФܵһǴһǶеڴġ
ڵϿȻûн֮ɫںͻζûûȤȥʶûֻڽֻҲһءϾѧȻǵ
Ժܿ쿪ʼ̶һҲģ⣬ϵĹ
ϸ£΢뵽λ
ԷͷФܵĵӾȻҪһЩ飬Ȼͬʱʮҵʱ򣬾͸һĵķϡ
һûʧܣ
ФܵĶ黹΢˵㣬ʮ룬ʮŴڶᡣ
ФʱѾʼ˵ڶĽˡ
ΪзںϣԵһֱƤЧ
ФϿʼ뷶ͷš
ʮ룬ФܾȻ׷ϣ˵ڶĴᣬǱ߲˴ĵһ֡
ФһſʼһķϣһΣѡȡ
һʮʱ˵ᡣ
ʱҲɵᣬڵڶִʱ򣬺Ȼһ£
ǰ
ФһٴΰٶȷƽһʧܵĻᣬ΢٣иӴݴʣ
210ʱ򣬷Ф˵ĸᡣ̻ǱȽ˿ġ
׼ˣһߵķȴɵĸᡣ
ʱߣٴ2ʮʱ򣬷ȴͻȻˣֻͬʱȻƤϴΣȻִмˡ
ȻҪͬʱĴΣ
ţϿʼٵشһᡣ
ֻҪܹڼ̵ʱᣬܻʤһߵķФƺҲע⵽Щˣ˿ҪʤĻƺҲֻͬʱᡣ
ƽ֡
Фһᣬˣ
ڷϵڶʱΪòʧˣһѵһϵĶԱ߸ˡ
ӣФܶʱһˣ
2ʮʱ򣬷ͬʱᡣ
ᣬɡ
ȻФܻ׷ϣȴվһû֮ǰʱ
Фܶӣǣ5.6֣0.6Ϊϣһνķ
ӣǣ6֡ʤǳпܽ뵽һ֡
ФʮְգôҲû뵽Ȼһ֣Ҳһ֣ķִ磬Ļᣬڻƽ֡
Ҫ̫ʤˣ׷ƽ֣
⾺Ǿʰ鶼ǳ㰡ڿ
ֻǵڹˣСޣֻܿȡˡ
ǫҲʶȡ
ȡҲǱ°һ˶㰡һεıȷǸǲСľϲθпţȻ
ҲˣǼڴһı԰ɡڣҪ˰
ǵģĵ͵ıԡ
һĻǾ㳬ͻˡ
ܶ܈׶ıԡ
ǰߣƵģ֡
܈׻ܸ磬ϴһȥɽҽԺԵʱ򻹼܈ףȻ΢ӣ̫ѿ
ʿҵ֮ҪҹףһĲʿѡofferѡԺȻ܈׺ܵ뷨ҽԺҪҪһ¡
ҹofferĹУ܈׺ɽҽԺһΣʱ܈ʧˡ
֪܈ײٴڶԷ٣ǶԷԼһƪ£ۺϿ֮£ѡܡ
ȻԷ˵ܵٴ܈׶ǳ㣬ǿʵޣͬʱ˶ҽѧǳϣǶ¡
ʱԷŵ܈ȥؽƣȻתȥ˶ҽѧ܈׾ܾˣϣʵѾħһҽԺoffer˶ҽѧȻصרҵġ
ңŬϣһεıԣõͷǿԶӵ롣
Ҳ࣬Ȼ˼offerҪģܾɳˣɳʲôأ
ֻ˵׸磬̫ˣȻҲø档Ժཻա
׻˵˭ϣøõĳɼ
ڱʼ֮󣬱㶼ȫԸ
ⲻǶνڵĽҲǸһ͸Ľֻܺ܈֮дѣû̫Ĺϵ
˭ʤ˭ܣҲʲôʵ˶Ѿҵ˲ĹҲõһʵ岢Сӣ湷


İٰʮ ˵Ϸ
܈׺Ķ飬ǿģΪ٣ʵҲڲ֮䣬¡
֧鶼˰˸ᡣ
ʱޣܱ܈ǰһ
ǰ˵ھŸĵһδᣬ܈ֻ˵ھŸķϣûüᡣ
ʱѾˣ޷ٲ
ֹڵڶַϵʱĽһκЧĹسֱ0.1֣
Σÿνֱ0.4ƶȣһηϼ1֡
÷ǣܶ8.6֣܈׶ӣ8.2֡
0.4ֵĲ࣬Ƕˡ
꣬˼Ц˵׸磬Ҷһᡣ
܈׵һڣ̫۸ˣһỹ˵һ
û취
ʵ൱¡
˫ʧ΢С࣬ǱȽϿ͹۵ġ
ȻήԼԺʣɱӡ
ԺлᣬһҪ̡ܸ܈˵Ǳӭһ
ǻ̡ܲҽ˵ͷ
ʲôýģҲ܈ײδʧֻٶ
ʧˣԼ܈׳ɼãҲδؾܹȡۻᣬǸ߮ʦô
һ͸ĶͱȸС֣ý΢Щơ
ˣһֵĳɼĿǰܿģֿĳɼˡ
һСӵ鶼
ΰֵ˵һһ㳬ԼڶĻƳ͡
ǰʱԼĻƽɫ΢Ц
ⰲŵģȻ˵ƳͺͻƽǱңһƳҲûô︽ûȥ
ǰѸ˰һԣⲻӦо
Ƕڴı֣ܲٳʲô漣
֮ǰ߮ڱĹУ߸Ҳûôȥ˵뷨
㳬ڶһۣȻ˱˫ָ˲ˡ
Ƴʹ˿̼ΪƣǼɵؿ㳬һۣ
Ȼ˿ˣ룬ԼȻǱѽȻһ⼸ڹİɣ
ͬʱοһֺ͵ڶֵѶȫһ
ҲܻţֻܾǵһǿһЩѡ
ҵķϣһ
˵㳬רҵ鷨أ

ʱʼ
£Ƴ;ͺ㳬˵ٶȳ졣
㳬ٵس룬룬Ȼٵشᣬ֮ʱʱֹͣһ㣬ʮӡ
죬žһµؾֱ߽ˡ
ʮ룬һɡ
ʱ䣬ʮ붼
δᡪ
ĬڸƵİѼḥ̂һ£ˣһ£ƹȥˣ
յúܺá
һĻ˶ɵˣȻȻؿٺͶ֡
ǵѧô𣿱߮
ֺٶ˶ɫһڣ˲֮ٵ˵úÿȦÿһᣬӦ˵Ͻࡣ
ڵԿȥֻ
һȦ㳬һʼ룬һȦϳ룬һȦһᣬȦպãڶϣһ£ɴ䡣
ڴĻƳͼ˶ɵˡ
֮ǰ㳬ͻڵĶԻûƳ͵ĶˣΪƳͽʱƳͻڷϣһµİҲˣ
ԼסˣȻʮֱǸĿŻƳ͡
Ƴͺòײſŵһἴ̬ʱͱˡ
ʦ֣Բ𣡡ԼʦܣǸıС
ƳҲֻӲͷƤ
Ҳ˲ԾϽ֮Уֹ˵˫ӸԾһΣٷһ֡
⻰һ˶˵С
һߣ㳬һᣬʱ併͵ʮ롣
˷һ롣
㳬Ƥֱ̫ˬˡ
ǲˡҲģϷĲˣѹûзϴһ˵
ؿ۶ȣֻҪֻҪƣȫ㹻
¸򣬸ɾˣ
ߺͷϴᣬϤúܡ
ڣ롣
ᡣ
꣬ߡ
ڡ

յؾһһؿ
Ķ񾭲һɭ߷Ƶġ
һٲ绢
Ƴ͵Ķ̬ȫľˣѾǵǱѾ˶ٸᣬǵԼɵʱǱѾˡ
ҪٷĻܺ܈׵ĳɼȲϣǿɾͿˡ
Ƴ͵Ϊ֤Լ
ұƺ˶ʿãҵȫǲ
ԶŬֻǸûŬѡ
ƳЩʱ
ٹһ
ƳͻȻ㳬ͻȻƺлҪ˵
ٿǰĲ䣬Ƴ˲˹
㳬ǱߵƤпûˣˣû취Ϊողй涨˵Ҫ۷֣ž֡
л˵ٲһ䣬ԼѧֵʱҪʱġ
ڼû롣
㳬룬ʵλڣûӼô죿
˺ʱξվ
ֻȥƳ͵ĳɼˡ
㳬ĳɼǻ˵ǵһһҳӵģ˶ҽѧˣҵġ
Ǻαظע
⻰֮ܳתͷǿȺããȥ
ˡ
㳬СҲѧŲˡ϶ˡ
Ͻ
ε˳㳬ʾһۡ
ûӷˡ
ǣ
Ѿǵһ˰
Ͳ˰
Ƴһ鸴ӡ
ڵ˭ΪʲôҪһ鰡
ҴĲ÷̴ǰɣ

ֺͶҲüͷ壬֪ô˵źãԶִ˵Ļ
ǹƻ²еλȥˣ١
ȥű˱ôõһ󣬸Ͻͷȥ
㳬ͻڶ˵ʵʵ뿪˱ԳأȻȺ󷽣ܳɾˡ

£Ƴߵ̬űñȽ
¿ʼʱ֮ǰ˵ھķϡ
õ9֣0.4΢ƣٴڶ
һڶֵĳɼҲϳˡ
һ㳬ӣ14.518֣ϴѧҽԺ
ڶƳͶӣ12.99֣һ
܈׶ӣ12.88.2֣ϴѧҽԺ
ܶӣ12.88.6֣ϴѧҽԺ
ӣ12.76֡ϴѧҽԺ
Фܶӣ12.55.6֣һ

㳬32.5֣˲øɧȵڶ21.911.9֣ǵֵķҪһЩ
ɼ֮ǻеĻνгϢ˵гϢһ£
νô˵ҶԼͬص˵ͷ
㳬Ͳ÷ŵƹģģĸȷŽģ
ǰ黹ûֹǰɣ
ϣƥģ
˭һ˭̬
Ҷó㳬Ӱ죬Ƴ͵ڶҲܹ1112֣
ǲ̫ƽ˭һ飬̫ƽ
ߺ󣬼к͸оͿʼ顣
վ˳˵ҽ飬㳬߳ɣһֱӸˡ
Ӱ˱ѡֵ̬ǵڶһӵıʱ䣬ôڶֵĵ÷27֣ӵܳɼƶõһˡ
ǾأôʱҪǿ˶ڡ
οһЩ͵ȻҪǾȻƽ͵ҵĻû˵
ж˲ҡҡͷ
ʲôЦ⻰ûëǵÿںͽͬⲻ
ľֻ֧飬ֱǸһͺһġ
ҲĿ۱ǣǹۿڣڹ
һֲҲô㣬ҶС
GǸ㲻̬ɶϵ
ͬĻǻмһĻᣬͬҲν
ҾҲԣ
ڵ˵ͷǽҾãһα㳬ȫƻġ
һ飬Ӧóȥ֮һһ
ȻĻĲ飬Ҳ̫ƽأ⻹Լѧ܈ȡһԺĻ·
Ȼٿ˿붡ַ򣬿˶ѾݲˣһûԺεӡ
ˣȻҲͬ⣬ǻǵǵȥĵһҪôûףҲȥͳȥİ

˻ôŵʱ򣬶ںͻνڵ˾ͿٺͶ֣û㳬ͻץǰѲݵܳɸᵽǰ
ȻپͲ˵˵ڣƽڣڣλͬҲͰѻˡ
ѧ׼ıģҪСڴֻǽҴ
ҸǴˣҪδãԼÿҵӡ
ãϴѧҽԺֳ֮߮˵˶ҽѧıͬǶֵѧ
õ涫Ժʡڵҵ졣
ҪռһҲøרӣ܈׵õһûϵ㳬У
Ϊ˶ҽѧרƵġ
˵ߣͣ
ܳɿİһȺ˶ҽѧĽǣЦͣкڡƽڡڡ½ڡΡ
ܳɣҶʶȻ˶ҽѧģǹǿƵſͷС˶ҽѧǹǿרƣܲʶ
ֻӦɶ
СܣոԺ˵ģǲģʡ
ǣܳɵͷҲûҴš
ôģɻ
߮翿ŵ츳츳Ȼ㳬ͻڲǡ
ܳɾ˵ڣҪ˵Ϸģ𣿡
ܳ˵꣬˰벽ɫͱ䣬˵һʵⲢͨϷ


İٰʮ 
ܳɽ֮˶
֪ܳǳϷɼ˵֪֪ϷܹôϷҵͲڵˡ
ڵһӦǾܳڳӣ
ڵܳҲʲôܹ򷢻ߴˣܳɵĻȫȻ׵
㳬ؽٽڵѧһǻڣֵѧ
ѹ˶ҽѧĽӴͼ٣Ҽ߮磬ĿǰҲû˵ΪԲϷڴƿչ˶ҽѧȻ˺ֺܶͲᡣ
ٺͶֶ˶˶ҽѧ˽̶ҲֻڱȽϼ򵥵ǿܹδúܺã֪ϸڡ
ǰ֮£˿㳬ͻڵ̶ֳȣֵΪ˼
ٰܳȻǵܳģȻҲҪܳһѵ˼Ц˵ڣҼǵҺͶԼΣһ۹µġ֪ӡ󲻣
ʱ㣬ǿһĳ½ڣִƫ̬ȣҺͶھЦһ㳬ͻȥܳɵ顣
Сܵ˵ġ
㻰֮Žξͺʣ׽ڣ֪ҽոǸϷйŹ֣
ŽٵĹϵƫãȻѡŵģңŽҲûʲôżͽڰֻҪܹϵķǳ⿴Ӧٴϡ
ķ˵Ҫԡ
ĳеһҽԺƷչͬʱ˶ҽѧ͹ؽƵķչҲΪ׽⣬ԭǸӣŽϣԼܹΪҽԺķչ
ҽԺͿҪչ˲ֻʴ˲ŵĳɳҪʱѵѧȻ൱Ҫе˶ʿͲʿһҵ֮󣬾һΪҽɶɶᣡ
Ӧ˵ǹŹ֣ǷǳκûӴ㳬ͻʲô͵ģڹؽƷ棬һпǶڴǶڡ
˵⣬ٿһܳɣһʼǴ㱼ȥϡĿȥһϷ
û뵽ǣٱΪܳɵϷƳĿΪ׼ֻΪ˺ʵǿƵţû뵽پȻ棬ҵļܹһӰӣ
ȻָоӰӶ֣ҪǿĲ׽
ٻǾҹ̸
ڷܹ˵ȴصܹԼнѧˣУҲ࣡
ȻһϷ滹ǸʲôϷ
ң
ܳɿϷʱ򣬲ֹΪ˹ؽƵҽʦﱸΪǿƵ˶ﱸʹѹǿأڵһЩǵøȫ
ֻǼܵȼԼÿһּܸȥʱҪעЩʲôûȡʲôƬƬڼʲô
еǣܳǿ֪ʶÿһּܵĲͬ磬йȽز
ԣٸоԼڹؽƵһҲܱܳϷָֻ֮ʣ𺳡
ǶԳҽҲһ棬һЩḻҽԣҲвáûѻ˵
˵ױΪڴţơ
δĻŶȻӸߡ
ôһߣκӣڵҲֻܳɵһ֮ʡ
գĿ˸˼£ЦЦʣСܣûȤһս
һ룬һûţҪ뿴ܳԼʵô
˵ܳԼܹѽ⼸ĿùĻô֤ܳԼˮƽûģôһξͲǵΪ˰ܳƹϷ
ȻȻúܳ
ǲе㲻̫ʣܳ΢ǫһ䣬ȴҲûȫܾ
Ϊ㳬ͻڵĳɹĵ΢ŴһЩϣܹ֪ܹˣôҲͲôʱĳﱸˡ
ҪƹôһѧϰߣֻǿԼ϶УҪһͷ
㳬ͻھͷ֮һȻҪʱԼҲԳΪͷ
ʲôʵģǲЪʱ䡣ڶܳơ
ƽںҽԺĽڶδ˵
ܳһжǶԵģôǻܹܳ˶̵ʱô˵̳ɱϤĴ˺ü˶㡣
ϾѧЧʣȡѧʣʦˮƽʦĴˮƽǷǳӰء
ٽܳɵĽѧصϷôǾ뿴ܳɵľˮƽΡ
Ȼںڶ뿴Ҿһ棬ĳɼĹܳҲѣװССıƣ
һԱܳǷȥҿôһȺ˶ߣĺȺҲһ
Ȼ˴ʲô󣬼˶
У㳬ͻˡ
㳬ͻھٺͶֵм䣬㳬˵ʦԼϷ֪ˮƽô
˵ϷʦƳģʦֵĳɼǻ˵϶ܺá
ôŵؽţʵҲǺܳɵľˮƽ
ﶼǰһԤƳɼǾǷǳǳĲΡ
Сٿһۣ˵
Ȼո㳬Ż˺óɼȻ뿴ǽС̫ˣѹ֪ܳɵľˮƽʲô
ΪԼеɼͿմմϲȥܳɿʼаˡ
Ÿոѧ̬˵һ͵ըˣɲǺ¡
ԤھǣܳڵˮƽҲֹڵĶˮƽ΢һܹվȫ۷壬ȫҲʵĳһˮƽ
ܳɴ׼һ£Ȼͱ˿ʼ
ȻܳɾͿʼˡ
ЩдֻЩ֡
ܳõ˲֮ǲ˺ͳīĲ·˫һ㣬ϴѧѧе϶дһ飬ʱȻֻ㳬̵һ屶
һ̾
˵ı鶼Ӳ
رǱմմϲ㳬ͻڶˣϵЦݴ˿̽ӲúΣܳɣﲻϵԼ֮ǰĲʲôΪλܹõһ
ʱ䲻
ܳɸ֮󣬾ȥʯˡ
ܳɵļʯӲǺ㳬ڵһһһš
һʼ˼һţţţͬʱĿųɹֱŵʱʧˡ
ȻֱܳһμĿųɹͣ˿ˣ˵ϵѶȣǾսȥˡ
ڣ浽ɣǽԱɣ
ܳɾֻ棡
ܳ˵꣬û˻ػû˷Ӧ
˶˼
ʯӵĲǺѣͬʱ񼸿ʯһĲǼʯӵļαܳôʾ̵ʱ˲ʾ˻ҲԼʱ䡣
ܳɵĲ֮ǰеıȫһ㼶ģͲͬһˮƽģûʲôɱԣ
ȻʱͲùˡ

Լ֮󣬶Ȼͷ򽭺Σλô
һεľвѡֶмӰ죡
û˵ĿƵؿܳɣͺͿ
ҽԺķչ΢˿̽ƺǿҽԺϣ׷ϳλϸĻᣬȴҪۿĻǰʧ
Ϊ̣
˻Լϸǣ˵Լ֮أԶ׷ϣԽԽ
еˡ
ǽֲ飬һ棬ǵôܹܳǽš
ν˼棬ֻ˵ڣıȼɣ飬ٵġ
Ͼһεľ廹ҪҷǷǼʶɽɽˣ
λǾ£ȻһЩͷԵġ
ǸһЩʿ۵Ļᣬ˳ܹѹһǵ׳־ҲʧΪһ¡
ٺͶʱվ˵ڡƽڡнڣո㳬ͻϸˣ
˵ǵıܹߵһѾǷǳѵˣҪı
Ŀؿ٣׽ڣҲǹǿƵˣıԱ˵ܷģԺ˶ҽѧίԱɻڣ
ȻˣܻʲôĿģǾҪֵףǼʶҲҪֵ󡣡
Ҳã܈׵Ҳգ˾ˡ
ʹ͵ĵһ˭ϡ
⣿ôǺأټȷƢʡ
ºûϵ⵷ҵİ
Ȼ˶ҽѧľǿŵģôѧΪǿƵоǾвʸ
վɼɼͰСһ¹̬ȡ

㳬ͻھֻص˲кǿ
ʽʼ֮ǰ㳬ܳɣҪҪȻʧ󣬻Ҹ
ܳɲˣֱˣҲҪˡ
ӮˣһЩ
Ǿͽ֣Ȼֱȥ
ֻܳϣܹǿͿˣϾѵʱж̣û뵽ֱӸɵǰģĿǰļеһЩˡ


İٰʮ 
ܳ뿪֮󣬱ҽԺļƣתһȦ
Ȼͷ֣֮ǰסԺǸԶ෢Լ׵ĻߣȻѾˣǽϻͳԺ
ֵң߮ŶȣϢҵĴϣϢ¸װģĴλͱҲµģרΪá
ôһܳҲڿԲȥҲϢˡ
Ǹ˳Ժˣܳ߮硣
߮˷ۣܳȻأǿϴ󣬲ʲôʱߵ㶼֪
ܳɾͻ˵ⲻһͷʲôϴϴģֲǺᡣ
ߵ߮Ķ棬
ʦܻ㳬˵ıֻ˶˵߮洫ˡܳôЦ̽߮Ŀڷͱ仯
Ǵְֲ棡
ʱȥμǱŹȥģֻҿסӶѡΪû»μıֻ߮Ǿÿյķ̫䣬±ӡ
Ҿ˚GܳЦЦҲÿյ䣬Ÿ˫ȡ
ˣЩ𣿡ܳʡ
ܳ߮ĳ˿ĳù֮⣬вҶ豭һˮȣ⻹һЩ칫εʩ
Ҫ߮˵ѣܹƣ۸Ҳ󣬾ҽԺıΧ֮ڣԾͰŸ
ˣͻװ۸ǰչ涨ģعȥһ鷳;ࡣ߮粻÷˵
ڿƣܳ߮绰˼
һ£ҽԺڲеװ궼кٰ죬ôп϶ͻк֮ܶ
߮ԼͨԼĹϵѶһ̶ȻӰ쵽˵棬Ȼܲ
ɣ߮Եú˵ûȥ̸˼
˺ڿƲǺ£ԺʲôҪɵĵطҪģԼҲǸ鰡ܳɵüͷ塣
ҲǣҲҪΪ¾ǵĻҲû취˼ˣҪôˣҪôͰѼ˸㲻һ⡣߮Ŵһ档
ҪȥڷӦһ£ܳʵԷӦӾ׼ˣڴǹǿƣǹǿƵΣûҪȥ¿ƻ߼ίȥˡ
˰ɣһҲá߮絭ػء
Ȼ߮˵ˣܳɸ硣һʱ䣬ҽԺĵԱһЩǼɸѡˣһֲȥǵҡ
ʦ绰ҽ£ʦҺԺҪٵ飬϶ֹЩ
֮ͬǰ˿ưĲ˸ȥһڵļƵңҲǰѴ˲ԼĿ
¼ҽĽ׶Σ϶ÿ⣬ֻҪò˾ͺá
ǣλõĻܳɺ߮Ҫǵ
һһֵĴ˲˳ȥԼĴĵܼܲչչȥ
ڶԷĲ˹ȥ⣬᲻Ѹĵβ
Ļ᲻ΪƲļ©õĵطԷˣȻͶ
˵ʱ㺰ȥĻռˣ͵ʰá
ܳԣüͷǺ£ҽԺҲзģڲֵη棬ſڸƣ︺ơ
ƲһǿĻôҪýתǿң⵽ʱξ塣
ԷûǻĻôǾͼװӶҽԺĲתأҪתﲡˣǸԤ˵ġ
м㣬һǲܱ˿ӣȥﲻȥΥԭ
ڶ㣬ǱﴦĲֵĻҪдתҿΣԸתתԸתҲҵְ
㣬ʵǹǿƵοңǿƽпҹϵ㲻ȥҶԷľ
УǾͰ˵ʱǸƽһ£ת˿ӡ
ʵƲŽڣǺһˣֻѼƵĲչڶҽԺƲĹģ͵λ
ԲôȥҪİɡ
֪ܳ¡
ϴѧҽԺļƲȫۺܹǰʮϴѧҽԺļƲǲ˲ֹһ㡣
ˣֵҽԺĹϵŽڱҪнȸвС
ûоĻΣ뷢չʶ
ѡ˽ﴴزĻô൱ڳ˹ǿNרƲƣ˼ƲĿĺͳˡܳɸпôһ䡣
ڣܶ༱ƶŬģǰԭרٴһܹڼƾʹеļﲡ֣רΡ
һȽϺõܹһʱдȻƶȸӼʱͽʡʱ䡣
ǣĴ֮£ֻǰѼƲһרƵĻʵǵòʧġ
ģѾǹǿƸĹǿƻʱһӦԴʩˣ£һﴴ˻ߣʵеѿӷƨ˼
ɡ
Ͱʲôʱ鰡ʱҲˡ
żʲô
żϲƲ
ʵдС˵ʱҪһαȽʵĽͻزģҪԤһ£㻹ԶһɺͰ
ˡ
ϡֻ߮Ƿ˷Ƥѹûа뿪ܳɵһ¡

ϵʱܳڼһȰʱ
ͽӵ㳬ıϲ绰ʦҺͻ˵һлл㣬ʦ
û߮绰Ҫǵͨ¼ˡ
ˣͬʱģҺͻڼͬһʱ䰴˲˭ȽӵĻǾͲ֪ˡ㳬ؽ˵
߮ھȫת˸Ķȣ㳬ҲΪ¾͸ܳ鷳԰Щϸڶٵ˼¡
˵һʲôӦܳ׷һ
ãǳʱûпʲôӦҵʦ֣˲С鷳
ŶˣʦʦңûпԽĲʿվȽվꡣ܈׺Ȼ˵¡
ܳԣüͷ壺ʴĻʴƻʹǿƣ
ƺûܽĲʿվɣ
һԣʿվʵҺʹڵĿ飬ʸбȽϸҪ
ȻʿվҲƵģܽģһԣ˲ʿվܹʽְ
ǿܹʿվģٽڵĿ顢йǲڵĿ飬ط
˵ĲʿҪվĻȻڵѾǳ£Ҫȥǲܵ顣
܈ײȥԼʦԼԼܹһʿվǻǲܵģܹҵһʵ
ĴУ϶ǲԼĿ
㳬˵Ҳ֪ʦֻôһ¡
ʦķǳл㰡ĻĲ֪ԼȻôǱܹʵ
ܳɾЦ˵ոҲˣ㲻֪ԼôǱ
˵Ǳǹõģ츳
㳬˵츳ֻܾһ˵ޣޡǿӲԵĶѻϵضѵġ
Ҫ޹ߣô츳Ψһء
Ҫ޹ߵĻʣõĻԼõʦѧϰ㹻
ҪҪԼȤʲôԺһ޵ķ򡣡ܳɺЦЦȻ˿ϵʱ䣬밲Ҫһ
Ⱥ
ʦʦҲûر޵ķɣ㳬ڶ棬ôػء
ܳ㶣һ
üһ治뵱ʿǺʿ㳬߮ȣ߮ԼҪĿˡ
ǲԣ㳬ҪŬܶ򲻵ԼĿꡣ
ôԷĻԣѧһţ֮Һ߮ҲǴһʼеĶġ
ңרҵĻҵĴƣӦõģҲϤרҵ
ܳȻӵеļܷǳ࣬ʵڴ·棬ǴƵĴ»ӶһЩʱ򣬶԰˼άڴƵ
߾ǴͨͨƵ˼άȥ⣬Ƿǳ
ܳ޵ļɾǴأˣӵļܣٵضһƫԣܳøⴿ⡣
ǲ̫ı׶˾ˡ
ᣬҲúܺãܾͲرʺרƵȥѧϰ͸ƣҪЩĳҲҪһʱ䡣
ͺñһʦȥӢҲȫĵ˼άմӢĽѧ˼·ȥнѧ϶໥Ӱ졣
һûѧĵ˵ĻĽѧʽܾʺӢѧϰԭԭζ
һȣѧϰĵʱҲǻͨġ
ţõģʦлл㡣㳬˵⣬һ󣬲ŹҶϵ绰
ҵ绰ǰܳòٽڵ㳬ڸ˭绰

һܳɾͿŶ֮ӣƺŵ˲㣬źҪץһ
ܳɼ۾ץһȥ˳ϴ˳ϴ֣Ȼʼʢ



İٰʮ оԱ븱ְ
˵δļʦܣȥμ˶ҽѧļܾɼܲѽڳԷʱ򣬰һ߼вˣһʣϳԺУ·Щѧһ㡣
Ҳ֪ˣﱻ򡣡
Ҫڲ֮ǰҶû׸ĿģҪ֪ҽʦֻܾΪʿ׼ģҾͲˡرֺáܳɿЦŽ͡
ϣװƵȫ㳬ͻˣ٣ԼǱⲻˡ߮һ飬ҲͲԵúȺޡ
߮ʦݣ߮Ϳ϶ӱܲ
ʲôģҪٴѧУķ¡ҵ飬úøýѧ˰˵˵ȥ¡
ҾãӦٴ˼Ҳпԣ
˵ΪܳŶΪ֪֪׵ˣЦ㳬ͻڣŶ棬μİɣ
Ҳ᷽ݣ۱ԺĶϾȣһػں㳬˸㣬ûаǶɹȥһֽάʵѾȽϵ͵ˡ
ֻ֪ܳѧϣµĹǳࡣ
֮ǰܳ۵ʱ򣬻ѵľѧоʮ֮һԽǷ˼Ķÿ϶á
õĽѧۺͷõ˲֮ôܹǾ޴ġ
ǿ϶ûҪ
ʵ˶ҽѧһ飬ĿǰŶ棬ȽϻѧϰõӦԺ־˶ҽѧһģġ
ʱȥתƣµʱϽڿˣҪˣ˵Ƿֻǲأ
ΣĿǰõľѧԲרҵϻѵĹ٣ҲԿóƶĻѧĿǰǿ棬ͷڣʵǱһ϶ȥʡ
Ȼ߮Ҳʵܣ
һʱ䶼ѧϣĿǰںʦܽϾһֱȽԾǼõ顣
ǹصȽ鷳ϴκԭĵʦͨһΣôãڹԼԸȽǿңǶġ
ţܳɸп
ءӴĵһʵϰʺܲȻ˵ҽԺʵϰģʵ˲٣ɹغԱȽġ
ǰƣҵֱǲʿڵҪǶ෢£ۺ㹻ȡܹԺ
ƣҲҪΪʿ¼ﱸҲҪ෢£ȰѿеĻãһֱ֤֪˼ά
ҲԹһЦڵζòģ
˵ĵطооĵطеʧס
⻰ԵΪܳɶ࿴ۡ
ʣôڹʱҲ˲˳ô뵽Լ龰棿
ҡҡͷ֮󣬶ʱܹоġ֮ǰеʱͱ۾ٱϰˡ
һ˻˵ǿӲܽҽԺĻƾӦҸ֮أһ˽ҽ֮ÿ⻹¸Ρ
ǻֻ¸ˡһȺʾЦΪе
ȻϽϾԼСܳϣ߽߱ǽǶ㲻ˣǺͬ˱һ£ڵܳɣѾҪۿʼȥǰˡ
ˣǸоԱְѾһʱ˰ɣ
оԱȻѧоѧоϵְƣ߼ְơоԱְϵаоʵϰԱоԱоԱоԱ
һԣоԱ5ϻòʿѧλоԱ2ꡫ3ϣҾбѧƽϵͳʵĻ֪ʶרҵ֪ʶܴԵؽонϸнҪΪоԱ
оԱǸ߼ְƣҲܳĿǰõְơ
ܳɵҽʦְĿǰֻҽʦҽʦֻмְƣоְƱרҵְƸߣǷǳ顣
ţоԱӦҲõʱˣϾǰһηƪѧƵģλߵģ϶㹻ˣĿǰȡоԱְơ
Ժ˵븱ڵְƣҲ֪ʲôʱ
ڵмְƣĴ⣬Ҫʲô̫㣬ſֽšܳɵŰ棬ʵʵ˵
΢һ٣зŲֽţ
Ȼܳɷʣϡ
ûиߣԭϲܴ飬ԼĲˣҲԼĴλôӦٴ⿪չͷǳޣΪʲôѡ崴ΪоרҵĿΪÿչľ崴
ȻĻҾͻȥֲ֫֫ؽؽȸӵʽˣЩĿǰǳ죬ʵкܶĿռ䡣
ҶּҪĲȺʵֻܴĿǰҽԺѡܳΪǵطš
ֿʼϸ˵㲻еȨôȥܻѽ
ܳɻأЭԼȻԡ
ѧλѧ飬·еƸƸ鲻̫ãҪһʱ䣬ҲţһЩƸ顣ܳɻ˵
ģ֮ܳ¿ʼģǿԼǿнרƼܣܳҲǿʼģ
ȻܳɵһȽϴ뷨ǣѼǸڵ뷨˵ԺȽϳļﶼþרΣܹڴĽдǲõġ
ʵ໥ģҪԼļˮƽٴӦ
ڵĴȻ٣һ߮˲򣬿ǧˣÿһģ˵ٽڣ˵ֽڣһǰһˣڵĳɾͣרҲһ
һ˵൱ר֪ʶʱܺ͡
Բ߮ҲãܳҲգȻֵǾǰ;ԼãɱϾᣬһܴƽ̨Ƿչʵ뷨ǰϤҵһ־顣
տܻϣܳɺ߮ȥִƵȳĿҡ
ȻҲһ߻ᣬǾǿǰ淢չͳĻᡣ

ʱһΣһ֮
ٿ˱ԺһְϱѧУѧίԱˣһɡ
ϴѧΪƵ985УߵǼΪ̵ģһ˵Ƹ
Ҫ⴦ģٿһֵĲز֮ϸһȦջǾȥһȦ
ѧίԱѧУڲڶ߽ɵһרҵίԱᣬѧУ߼ְҪҲгԱϴѧҽԺĸ߼ְҪرܣԾûв롣
ɿܳɺ߮˵϶֮ٻסˡ
ǴҪô߮ȥҪôܳɳȥΪ߮ܳɽмְƶ޵ģϻʾϸĻ
Ҳмְƹ꣡

һСʱ֮ٽھͰϴѧҽԺׯ񴺽Լ˳ϺõĲҶԼһƿƣһȽµıԺ
ׯ񴺽ϴѧҽԺĹǿƴΣҲѧУѧίԱǿίԱĺĳԱ֮һٵݲ£
ҽԺԺׯ񴺽ڵѧ֪ѧλˡ
ٲŽţׯ񴺽ھվٶգԺҴ֪ʲôĿģίԱڲϸ֮̽ؾġ
ҽԺ߮ܳλҽٴͿʵͳ˸ڵˮƽҿǼ㷢ûУǲʿҵƸˣмְƣҲƸˡ
ŽмְƲ߲꣬ҪƸ񣬾еˡ
ңǵλҲмְƵ޿󸱸߼ְƣƸ񣬿²ǵλĹŽᰡ
ÿһ꣬ѧԺҲûٴѧԺҲãǸߵְƿ϶ǿܲࡣ
ɮ٣֣£Ҫһףǿ϶ǲеġ
ҲЦûׯڣǽ첻̸£̸ֻ˽ˡ
ׯ񴺵ĿǣΪԺҲǰǿƴΣôû뵽
ׯҲԷġ
Ȼپ˵ׯڣʵ²һµġ
밡ҽѧҵֲѧƫѧѧ棬㡢˼άӦþá
ٴҽѧѧеķչܵƣҲǱŶԻ߸̬ȣǰɣ
˵ҪٴҽѧͻȻͬѧѧѧһرشͻƻ߹ףǻûܵģ׼ʸûС
Ҳ֪ϴѧĿǰķչףǻҪĳץǲʵѽ
Ȼׯڣֵ֮佻չԭȻԴ϶ҪͨģһҿСܸ֤һǲκβ˽ӦѧϰԼӦãϸ˵
ںĽУǿһ̽֡ҰϣׯܹæƲǡ֪ׯ֮ԻѡԼǿԼҽԺǿĿǰϷѧϰûȣҲһţ
һ㣬ٲźׯ̸
ּӺ˵ׯڣɽ軹һ׾ƣҸ˵һ⣬ѰĪҪƴǰ
һȥҽԺίԱһˡ˵꣬Цسš


İٰʮ ʦ緶
ׯ񴺽ڼһȻżȻ˵Ҷóԣĸζ
ɵׯ񴺸հѶóŵǾζʱɫʱͱˣTMľƿװ˱ľưɣ
һŵʱׯ񴺾֪Լٵĵ
⿴ﻹٵӰӰ
ã˶Υˡ
ׯ񴺿Ц

һ֮ѧУѧίԱᴦٴҽѧְĻϣڱ粵׿ϴѧҽԺְݣ̬Ȱ
ΪһЩԭԵĶǲܶҡģһЩϸԵϣǻҪøϸһЩ
оְƣʵǶһой׵һֱ־ɲú
ڹ⣬֮԰оԱΪprofessorǶԿѧءȻ̸У̸ѧĻôǾҪʶԱѧĹףҵһֹ׺ƶá
׿Щ̸ǾʲôֳɵĹһɲ䣬ôѧԾԵúգ̤ʵ
ʲôоԱǿ϶ǳ̡ȾơϣϵͿƶѧչģȻ˵һ̶ϣӰ쵽оߵзչ
ؼĻҪĿͿˮƽΪԺ٩٩̸ĻȻ
ؼǣһ֮ϴѧҽԺҽԺһЩڣҲʾϿɡ
ׯ񴺽ھ˵һ㣬ҺԺ̬һģ׿²̸̸ֻҲרҵְơ
׿̸̸ֻˮƽͿҲоְơ
׿׿¶̸̸ĻǾ͸øһְƣ˵ꡢꡢˣǲܹģΥ˿ѧ͹ߵġ
ҽһرʵںͺĻرһˣͲһͬһΪἷˡ
ĸλҲã̫㣬ѹסѹסͬˣϲȥҲϲȥǲԭشô
Ծ𣿲ҾǶԾǰһЩرμˣһʼͰθĸ߶ȣŻԵö˸ӹƽ
Ͳ̸ϴѧҽԺܳҽˣ߮ҽԣ֪֮ǰյ׹˹̹ѧĽ룬õڣΪʲôΪȥ
һЩӣҾͲ׸ˣҾãøһЩĻᣬеŶǸӹƽҲ˸ӹƽ

ȻϴѧҽԺҲ˵𾴵ίԱĸλ쵼ѧίԱĸλڣҵ̬ҲǺȷİ
ҲӣϴѧҽԺҽԺ֦ͬҲãһҲãƽʱҲãҲգĴ棬Ҿǵ뷨һµġ
ذ죬ίԱԼ·ļڸ𼫶ĿԱԼרҵԱԴҲ˵ϴѧҽԺҽָ𼫶ĿԱרҵԱ
ǿñ˵
Ұ˽ѼһЩֵҽԺλͬ־յԺƸ뺯ԼһЩ֪ѧ뺯ΪĿİ
ôõġ
ֻǴͳһ£߮ҽյ뺯Ҫܳҽǣ߮ҽۻʱҪһЩ
һЩѧ뺯ˣ£ܳҽյ˲һٷأѧ뺯ǶǹҼģ޼ʡ缶ġ
ҪؿǵģԼ˵Ǳ˶ô˵ˣҲҪϿɲǣɲԵݵġ

ٽڵ˶Լ˼֮ѧίԱһλˣԼʡίԱίɹλ쵼Ҳͽˡ
׽ڣׯڣȻڲѾˣǾͰѲϵݽˣѧְƺרҵְƵѡҪǵΪ
飬ǵʾǵݽЩϣҲһӦȥģϾҲ֪ڶְҪҲ൱ϸġ


֮پ͸Ͻȭӭׯ񴺽ԼϴѧҽԺغڡ
ׯڣؽڣʵڶлλ̧ٴδҽԺλСͬ־лǵϿٵĸ״˿Цⲻײࡣ
ׯ񴺺غ˵ɫȴЩڡ
ɨһۣǳתˣʶҲΪӡ
һ㶼ûصġ
Ҳû⣬ģֻҪˣôģҲͺ˵ˡ
ְͨôľˣٵ˽תܳɺ߮磬Ǻúõ׼ϡ

ܳ˵ԼְƸ֮󰡣黹Ǵõġ
ʱͰ߮˳һ١
߮Ҳڸ˶ַȫԺܿ͵λ
ܳɿ߮²ߣЦ˵ڣôأѵԺû绰ô
ʲôø˵ģձѵһ٣֮ǰ˵¶ء߮鲻á
ţܳһ߮ɫûҰ߮ĻЦ
Ұ迪ЦȻ˾ƣҲǹİɡ
鲻ˬ߮ӡ
еˣʶ㻹ĪҪȥźáܳɸϽȰο߮硣
߮ĸĸеۣڣץ֮ǰ߮ʫЩΪţڽ֮ǰΪѵĻǵȷе˵ȥ
ܳɺʱ򿴵߮ôơ
ҪöȥһڣʵڲȨӴ绰ȥһڣܳôЦŽ顣
ÿΪѻͬ¡
ԽԽң
°ʫ绰ˡ߮绰Ȼܳ˵
ܳϱ첻
Ȳʫ꣬ߺܳһȵƣ
ûȥ֪֮ǰܱǸɶˣҲ
ţã϶밡ˣʲôʶġ
ãԣһȥҰ裬лл㰡ʫꡣ
ûأںܳףǵĸ߶ͨˣԺͿԺڡ߮ԼԼ˸Ц
ܳ⣬ĬĬȥƿƹ
֪ܳ߮еˣԼĸĸһ֣һ֣ܻǴɡ
ϾڶʫĹذǸĸ֮飬ԼҲܲ
ƿӣƽʱôȾƵ߮羹Ȼһڸˡ
ܳ£˰
߮磬ȾƲôȵˡܳ˵
ǾƵζ̼߮磬߮Цŵ˵ͷţ֪һھƣԺҲˡ
Ҳǣ֪ҲƣΪʲôҪùأ߮翪ʼܳҲ²
ͼڡ
߮Ϊĸ飬ƣһƽ仹Ϊˡ
ԲҴˣܳɾֱӵǸ
߮˵ˣ棬Ц
Ȼ߮˵֪رᣬʵҵ뷨˸ڣҸرˣΪϲ
һ뵽ΪϲҿܾͲڵһУҾ;ܷꡣ
ոյľƣ߮еҲſĽᡣ
˵ʵܽ飬رĽ飬һ̲סǷǳӵġ
ҾǸ˰ɡ˲ô顣
Ǽ÷֡ܳЦ˵
ҪҪҸʫ귢λһ㡣֪ܳڵ߮磬Ҫйѵķй󣬲Լ
ã
ҷɧͺá
ʵ֪𣿾㣬ңƣôҸġ
ƴСĸʧˣҲȥˣȻүүڣҲˣҲֻżȥ
أҵͨ츳ãҲҵĺãͥҸʱ룬Ϊʲôôأ
Һü֪ƾʲôôˡ߮ܳɾһ
ܳɳĬȴĬĬ˵
磬˵츳ã
ڵнҸ߲ʵĺðɣ
߮һЩ飬ܳû취ġ
ˣʵǶ˵ģÿһ˶˵ˣֻԼо
Ҹ㽲

ʮһӣܳɰѷ߮ͻȥ֮󣬾ֵңŵ㶫뷽һԡ
Ϊʵûرȥ˽ơ
ǣ߮£ʶˣʵԼں߮硢Ƶദʱ򣬻ô룬ֻǰǵһ͡
˵Ѿǵġˡ
ԣ֪߮Ƶļܳɲ֪
߮粻֪ģܳҲӲ֪
ԣ죬ܳҪҷһģڷƹѧϰԼѡйص⡣
ҪǰѷƵһŻһţһһˣ
΢ܳҲãЦŶܳɵл
߮вͬܳɺ߮һ˺ܾãȻѹϵܳɵʱǻѧԾӣ΢һЩ
ܳɺͷڳտʱܳɾͲ˵Сǲں̸
ԣһܳɸӽš
ţҲ²ģҲûϵǺ顣ܳɾ˵
ǲŵ˵ͷʦ㲻᲻ͬɣ
Ҳͬɶã
ֻǱΪʦһ£Ĵѡ񵽵ҲöһЩ滮ͰţпǵĻҲҪҵѽܳɾԼԽԽʦ緶ˡ



İپʮ оӽյ㣬ҾòŸտʼ
ԣ΢еֻֽ΢Ƭ̣˵ʦȥﶼԣҪǿҪҡ
ܴȥͺáƱ˵ͷȥ
һܿʺ͹󷽵ķƣȻ΢еʧ䡣
Լ磬Ȼһسǵģ
ܳɼݸƼȻʣôˣڼҳ
ܳɸо˷ϵѹѹ϶ԴרҵѧϰϣڷƵѧϰٶȣ߮綼÷˼˵ܳе̫ס
רҵʵϣܹ߮൱ĳһ¼ܵѧϰٶϣǿס
̧ͷǷһ˿ЦȻΥغһܳɸ磬ʵûҳһСĸҵĹѧͦ⣬ҲҵļҾ
ֻ˵ûиĸԺڴ棬гԿ
һ磬ǵ׼ֳͥ˼ңĸ;˴ӣǺԺܹŴӣҲֻһˡ
Ǿͽٿǿǡ
˵ʱ΢΢̾һʵҪ˵ǮĻа취ϾܳɸļҾȻ΢һЩɳ򳵣ǿԼġ
˭ܹѡԭͥǷƺεĵط
Ҳܶ෴ĵ㣬˫ҽְͥô˿϶ʱ䶼ȶû˰ŴӣǾͺѹһȥ
ܳԣ˵ͷ
͵ÿҪǵ鶼òһܳԼҸģڹȶ㻹ĸҲãĸڣܰ١
һ£ܳɱ㽨飺⣬ֽ̹߮ûѽ
˵꣬ܳɾ͸ϽͣҲľǾãԺѯһ£ôġ
ЦЦ˵߮簡߮ҽԺЩŶûء
ƵڶС
˵⣬ָָܳɡ˵ܳôëǮϵ
ֱ˵ܳգգۡ
ҲͿʼ˰ԣ߮署İ߮˵ǰʱĹϣ߮˵һһһ⡣
߮統ʱ;ܾ飬Ϊ£֮΢˵ìܰɡ
ڵ˵ȴǣǹǿƵЩôþͽظ֫ƵĲͿˣܷܲػ
㶼ûô֪ͬأúƽĿ˵仰ġ
ΪԼҲǹǿҽԣ϶ǲͬ仰ġ
ǿƵļйأǵڶܲܺúõػϵһ˵Ǽ򵥵Ļš
ڵĻһ̶еģһ̶ϣ̫Ƭ档
ǿƵĲǲˣһ
ÿ˴Լҵʱ򣬶ῼǵøһЩҵ˽ͻȽǳԣ㲻ùܡ
ֻǾãֻһˣһͨˣôҪԼµҵãȻģҪһֶû͸ȥ̰ࡣ
̰áܳɶԷ˽͡
ЦЦʦϾҪΪˣûð
ʵվѧĽǶȣǲøģһǾãʵڵĻеģʸȥ̰һˡ
ڷƵҰܳڹǿƷļѾǳȫ棬˵ܳڵļܳأԺһҲһ
ô£ܳӦǿβ˵飬ġ򵥵ĹǿƼӦýˣֻβ;ܹӳܳʵҲŻܳɵһҽø塣
ܳɺҷĹ죬ĵʱҲûرȥġ
ԣ֪߮飬Լá
һܺõ뷽ʱˡ
ܳʣƣһҽ˸߼ǲǾ͸ȥһЩԸ鰡
Ѿӽڸ߼ְƣѾؿȥ׷ʲô˰ɣ
ûػҲ˵ͷ
ֲܳȱǮܳǮȫԲٴͿ⣬»øֽ𣬶ܹʵֲƸɡ
ܳɵȷʮ룬Ȼδػܳɱ֪˷Ƶ뷨
Ҹ㣬ʵֻһʼԸ۵ôܳɷʡ
ƵΪãȻ
ܳɿ飬ƺЩףԼڰҽԺʱôԼˡ
ҲڵԼԼڵķƣҰһЩխ
Կرȫ档
ҷΪʦĹϵҲʦߴŽԼܳɾ;ãԼҲбҪΪƽһҰĽ衣
ƣһǿҽһҽȻǹǿҽܳɶԷʡ
˼˰ΣĿ£Ӧûֻһǿҽ
ԣڶֻһǿҽȻ˵ǿҽһֻǻιǿƵĲǵķֹ֮ǰѡ˵һ·
ǿƵĲֻйǿҽȥе
ڣûκһҽԺйڿƣֻһڷڿƣ˵ö԰ɣΪʲôڿƣǹǿƷƵĲأ
ΪǾЩǹǿҽֻҪԼڵ顣
ҲһǹǿƣҪԼĲַΧڵĲ飬ȻȥڹǿƱԵļ·
ȻĻеĹǿҽǳֹôڵĹؽûؽھͶڣǲ
߲ǷɥʧΪٴеһָĻôǷǳƬġ
ҳ󣬶Ƕһ޶ġ
֮ڣʵбĶ
ǾǸõ
һҽѡûŵ˸õĻŸֵ壬ý˱ɺŸѧ壿
ôѡֵܳ̽⣬վһ߶Ȳܹ׵顣
ţ͸õĻš
ͨһ㣬ʮŵ̱ˣͶһ̱ȫĲˣѡһ
Ҫѡ
˶˽ģѡǣԼôѡԷţ޹ؽҪˣѡһˡ
ͬ˽ǣڵ׽еˣʹ໻УߵĴڸУǶԣʵű˸ʹࡣ
⣬ܹ֮ܳô͸ΪԾܳɣļ֤ߣ
һʱ䲻þˡ
ܳҲû˵ʲôҲûϾᣬǵ⻻޺ޣѡޣһأ
ΪûѧοϵԷƺԥؽǿ϶һް
һרҵһ˲Ҫֻ̫ҪһʣܹԱ졣
ԽרҵļˮƽԽܹӺá
ܳɾ˵ʵѾ˴𰸣ҵ뷨ܲпᣬĮʵˣֻǿĽǶȡ
һǴӸ˲һǴ
ҵȻҲţΪﻼߵļϣԼܹסҲȻţΪһۻߵļϣԼܹȬָܹ֮ǰɡ
ң֪кܶණҪ˸棬ʸȥ룬ȥصġԣʵյ㣬ֻһʼ
ܳ˵꣬ЦЦȻ𴮿ʼߣ
̾㵵ؿܳɡ
ֻܳĬ
˼ЩܳˣֻĿǰ׶ΣиҪҪѧĽѧ
еһЩܣеһЩʵĽǶȣӿѧĽǶȻͲͨû㹻֤ݣЩ֤ݣ֮ǰ߱ʸȥҺ֤ġ
˵ܳɲٴУһѧϷ棬ֳļܵȼһЩϸڣഺ汾ܹݳİ汾
˵ܳɲЩഺ汾չյİ汾Ͱ;ȻȥʲôƵĻܳɾԼһӵģ
ʦ˼ǣһЩ֮ǰûʸ˵ģʣ²⵽ʲô
ÿ˵츳һСҲԼصǲڱɣ
϶ҲһЩżҲҪ㽲ɣ
ܳЦʡ
ƼֳĬ
ܳɾͲᣬкԶԶ˵ҲӰɷء
ãƶܳɵ˼Ͳټ飬ֻʣ߮ǲ֪Щžܾڵģ
ɣ֮ǰĹ顣
ȰԼ鶼꣬ȻµȥȻĻֻΪ
ԵĻϣܹվ˵ԼĻ߰˵仰ܳ뷽Ƶһ̹ˡ
һĶܶ࣬ԸĻ԰˵ȥϵͳ֤ǡ
ЩҪĳ־ͱҪһʸ
׼ʸ񣬸ڲǿ
ĽѧϵһɣôܳɵҲһˡ


İپʮһ ǵ
ģˣգ߮翴ܳɵʱߡ
ΪƾܳǰЩɧ߮綼Լûˡ
Ҫ˵ַɧŮӲ飬֮Ľ²ۣǴţơ
ܳɾЦ˵û£ҲǵһΣҲһΡ
߮磬ڻ˽ҹ㰡ôҽأܳ˻⣬߮ʹ
ʲôýģ˵Ҳֻӣڻǣѣһ㰡߮ʱָԼĴơ
ллء
ǸеôˣʦʦǣܹǶû˰ɣܳʵ
ʵܳʵ߮û۸
߮˵֮ǰڵڣЩʦֺʦǻ
û¾ʵܣҪôǴϷҪôʵ飬ҪôҽԺļʵܣҽԺֹܼʵҵĸ˶챻Ǹˡ
ҲǺ¿˵ðԺ־ͿԽԽˡ
ϾߣµҪ󲻸ߣмԺʦܣԹæ߮Ҳηչ¡
Ǿã˲󼺣ȥˣԼһˡ
˺ãҲޣҲ㡣
ܽʲôʱпգԷشı㳵ʵǹֲ˼ġ߮Ц˵
ܹȥְƣȫǱܳɴģȻĻ߮ڵ΢㣬߮ܳȥˣôҲ˵ȥ
Է飬˵߮磬ûа취ǿһʵһʿվҪֹʵһ顣
ҾǿһȽվ棬Ҳһֲѡ񡣡
ʿܱҵģܶġܳô顣
Ҫ֮ǰλʿҵʦ֣л£ܳҲ룬ڷչԼŶӵĻϣҼ·
ڵĿ࣬ʵ龭ѳ㣬оͲʿʿվҲԽܳɻҪһЩо˲ţʵ泤
һ㣬ܳҪϵһ½Ǭݣû
ֻܳɻûãҪҪôġ
ŶӵĻ·ܵһһٴŶӺʵŶӶҪศɣʵڲеĻ͵ȨɳпٵǸʵģеʵ鶼תƹȥרʵ顣
˵ܳҲþûȨˣҲһú¡
ѣûУôʿ󣿡߮üͷһ塣
Ҳǲܣܹ֮ǰʦЩʦָһ֤ܹԴҲкܴ֧֡
ܳ˲䷭˷ۣʲôһҵʦ°
ƽĿǰְˣǰʦÿͿģҲðе˶һܺá
ƣҶɳаҽԺͦõġ
Լʦѧ¼ܳǲȥصġ
ԼԼŶӴһѧ֮ǣôԼˡ
Ǿûޣˡ
ĵʵĵ飬ֻ취ʦǱߣ׽Ǳߣܳˡ
׽ҪߵĿѧԺãûҪѾǱȽˣǲȥҪԴùͷ߮ҲǾͷۡ
ȻѾ˸ڣȴȻ⣬û˿á
ҪһһشһãǾԼΪɵģкܶرԼˣҪʲôԼֻҪ뷨߼ôͿȥ
ͬˣԼܹһܳѣԼһָˡ
ǵҲǣɡ
ǴĵĲҲڽڿʱλʽչ֮ǾҪʼһЩͨƽﲡˣȻʼչǵĿⷽ򡣡
ҪȰǰʵݸռáǵһ㡣
ڶ㣬ǴģһҪ淶ѧģʽôģͷԱȽϳģҪộҲţֻ˶ʿͲʿĴ̡
㣬ǿһҪʼ淶ҩƶȡƶȡƶȵȵȣЩҲҪֿܡǿԷֱȥѯһ׽ںͶڣǿ϶Ƚо顣
ĵĻ˸ߵĻôǴĵסԺֵ࣬ҪҼر׵ˣСԺ֮ǵһ
ҪҵĻҲȽѣҲڼⷽȥ
أܳʡ
߮üͷŶӵĴУ˲ҵģڻЩ֮ǰʦĽΪʲôҪˡ
ھãҪеڶƻߵڶܳɵĻҲȥһˡ߮ԿǣôЦ
Ҫеڶ߮أܳɿЦʡ
жԶԶɣﰭۣˣʺΪк߮ҡҡͷԼԼ
֪ͺãøж˰ɣֿܳЦ
ú㽲ˣڲĲ˲࣬ȥ鷿ˣϴ󣡡߮úܳԵ

ʱˮһ㣬һʱܿ͹ȥС
ǱҵҲļļʱΪȡ
ȵһĻȴ궯ϴѧҽԺǿƵһȺڡ
Ҳ֪ʲôԭ򣬹ǿƵңԼоͲʿԽԽ٣һʼתоˣǣԼоתתҲˡ
ΪؽƵӴĽڣһԼµȫǽҽİоһ귿
תͷѸԼѧĿǰסԺǵأ
ʦĿǰܶ˶ȥ˴ĵСǱߣҲ֪֮ǰ㳬СǱߴһʱֱ˶ҽѧҽʦĵһ̼˲ٵʦǡ
ڻڿģֻʣˡ
ⲻϹôҪȥҲҪȥһӶӿ˹ȥ黹չô
绰һµǿڵķֹܺ飬ҽһΪʲôͬôһӿġ
ϰ˽л
õģʦԺˣɲҷʵʦǳȥҲòϤˣסԺָҲ㡣
û취Ҳ뵢ʦǵǰ̡

ͬһĻֹǷڹؽƵ飬ֺϴ飬ҲټǿƱƵо
Ҳ˻𡭡
ͬʱڴ棬ܳɺ߮˿ôǿƵʦܾۼڴģȻ㳬ڵ˴ûȣ˵ʱһڡ
ԥܳɾڿʱ߮˶ɢˡ
ô㣬ԼóΪʸ֮ģܶuǾ
ǣ߮ȴȥ˵Ĵ˼ǣЩߣǻһĴۣ˵˹ǿƷֹܹĲܺ飬ȻŵԹܹ˸ˡ
˭ߣ
д󲿷˶Ƕֺٵѧԣ
ĿǰͺΡ
Σܿͱˣֻǿ˶ҽѧĲܺ鸱ڣܿͱֺᵽ˴ģŲֱܺӿ
ܺ㿴ѧôģסķôֵ𣿡
ܺ˵ΣΣ治ҰЩʦǶҪ߰æΪѧ飬ʱѾǾܾ˺ܴһˡ
ǹǿƣеĲʿ˶ʿʮҲܾܶѽ
Ű˸λΣ
ܺԼյת˳һѶϡ
Σ˵Ϊѧ飬ܾܲܶ˰ɣҾѡҪλǵѧԼʦܣҶܾˡ
ڶתһ˹˵᲻ܺ鴥Ŀĵ֤˳
ţܳɺ߮˾ע⵽ˣֺٿĿΪ
߮ڲԣϽ޵İ칫ζȥˡ
ܳ򲻸ܡ
ӭȥ
ΣΣԲԼûаźù鷳ʱͶٺͶֵǸ
ôϴѧҽԺûиڣôڿԶûнڣڿɶûר˶͹࣬ôתȥ
ʵ
ٺͶҲܳɣͬʱ棬ٺͶָ԰Լѧ˻ȥ²žʹա
ȻܺҲ͵͵ذԼõĺô˻ȥ
˵£ҲĲ̫ô

־磬ʹ˲ŵԽѡ
ȻֻˣһƣһԹƣ֮ܳǰϤоǶܳɺ졣
ڿԼͬ鱻֮󣬾ԼĻⲻϽߵ˰칫￪
ˣʦʦʦ
ܳɼ̬ȶҲһԼҪıһ˼·ȻĻԼ߮ͳ˹ǿڲıɲϼϣġ
Ӱ쵽ҵתʹˡ
ֻҪôƽѧ£ܳɻúúÿһ£ֻˣܳɰǷֱ𽻸߮ͷȥ˹֮ܳɾȥ˴Ƶķ
£ҪǿγУȻĻһڴģĸ˭ƽ


İپʮ ҽԺΣ
һս֮󣬶һ߳ʱһһߵܳ˵СܣϡôãһȥԷɣ
ϴѧҽԺ˶ҽѧΣҲ˶ҽѧƶˣ֮ǰڽҽʦܴʱУһˡ
ڣллʢдҽÿԳԷܳҲûˣƣ֮ǰҪһȥԷ׼
ԴӶԼѧ܈׾ȻܸܳɴһµĻں㳬öԿʼע⵽ܳˣҲͬʱʼһapp
Ȼڿѧ棬Լû³ȥҲǴ˶ʱ򣬲㶪ӣûصޡ
ɣ
ڹ۲ĹУԷܳ˶ҽѧһЩ趨©Ǳ˳ȻһЩܳȡϵ
ǰЩǶܳһ̽֡
ǾãܳɾֻǴƵ˲ţ˶ҽѧǲôߵģԡܳҲһôҲи޶ȵġ
߮ڣҲȫ֪ȫܡ
˼԰ܳ뵽ңһ֮󰡣ԾԼ֮ǰ˼뻹̫ڱˡ
Ӧüȶذܳ趨ɾԵģΪܳҲֻڴƺߣҵļû˽ġ
ڽĹУԾͷ֣ܳɲ˶ҽѧǳרҵһ̶ϣָܹóļؽھ
ԼݺصǹؽھչϥؽھֻƽʱеĲǼؽھһͷ˽ȥڿ˵ֻҪͼؽھйϵĲ֣Զܴˡ
ⷽ棬ȫΧڣǰ棬վһˣȫ磬ҲҽԼ඼ԡ
ֻÿһвͬ
˵ĻĿǰϰõ˫êϷʽڹҲЩڻõê֯ϣҲԡ
ûһرضۡ
֪Ĳ졭
ܳɶһЩ۵ʶ̶ȣöԾú𺳣һЩ˼·ȫӽʵеоǰء
ô˵ˣܳɲ˼άѣֻ츳뷨ʵڵǰز˽⣬ֻǴ󵨲ˡ
ܳɷǳӵеоǰأԣÿǰãܹҵеĴ֤ݡ
ʵʵѧԺɣְ·ҵҰ·ӡ
һǲѧԺɣǿǲǶ˶ʿʿǿԼôȥ˼⣬ǲʵʵһһߣԼĹɺͼƻǶһһ֡
ˣڽĹУԺ֮ܳ˻𻨡
ܳЦ˵ڣллܹҿ԰ǿappϵ˶ҽѧļӾ׼ٴ
Ȼ˵Ҫྴ㼸źá
Ÿ˻֮󣬲ѹܳɵСܣɾͲˣû˽㵹ǿȥ
ǶѾôϤˣ㻹ҵɵڲƭɾͲʵ˰
ܳһĿһڣ϶˰ɣ
룬ѵǷԼappƳĿӺ·ߣ
ܳɾãһһȥͷųٶ̫԰ͰһЩܵĳɳʾ¶֮Ĺеļܵȼ档
ر𶮵ˣһйˣԺܿ췢ΣȻͨԼĲвȫİѼƵƵλá
൱ǰģʵӦûʱÿһܵĳȼ·ߣͲԼһ˴ˣȫȫרҵԱгġ
һ൱ÿһּܵĵȼ·ߣרҵίԱԼɵģȫרҵʿŬܳɿûϵ
ֻһá
ȫ϶Ǿ޴ģôô֮˭Ҳ׵ؾ˵Щôߵʲôľ磬һ˵뷨ˡ
ܳɿappһԡ
Ǿǰʵĸ˼һ飡
ø˳Ϊ𲽳Ĺˣݼˡ
ûԼҲûʲôҵȷʵʵڵصõ˺ôҲ
ҽ㽻ôܹ࣬¸µĻ˶ҽѧĻϣЩԷ¶ˣٲ֮ǰһסЦǺǵ˶ܳɽ
ףܳΪ˽ѧ˺ܴĹģаѼ˴ϣкܶܺõ뷨ֻЩ뷨ԭ򣬵òĽͣܳɾ©ָĹؼʻ㡣
øרҵܳȥ뷨Ҳܹ뷨˽˫Ӯ档
ԿóܳɵĸֺܴͬʱҰҲܴ
ÿһּܶһƪӽڶȽ¿հ׸ˣĸ֣ɲһܹеġ
ҽԺһ˲õ
٣ӱԶãԼֵνѧԺԺʿܳ׷صĿꡣ
ܳ׷ģǱߵĶʲôʱԻ벻ס
һλǶԼҽԺѧУˡ
ԣԸȥܳɵһǣߴŵˣappƹȥ˵ԼܳõһЩ˼·뷨ȥø˹ע˽⵽ܳɵĴڡ

֮
Դӻ˶ҽѧлĻ᳡߳ʱ򣬾ѧҽԺ˶ҽѧһλӺ˳
ʦãǾѧҽԺ񣬷ŶʦһԸ𣿡˸߸ݣ붭ԵĲ̫ơ
ԷᣬԻ治ʶ
ֺ󣬶ԻûڼӵغͶԷһ£á
ʸμģһ㶼Ǹ߼ϣѧҽԺĸߣһ㶼ǿԽиڵġ
ʦǧô˵Сͺá
ʦƽʱҪֹܵٴҵҲǼؽھ棬ԽĻ⣬Ҿú˼һ¡
ȻʦʵҲģֻڻ飬ҲҪԾίˣǶʦпյĻôһ¡
˶ҽѧл飬ʵǴٽȫ˶ҽѧҽĳɳעѧƵķչ飬ƽնǷһЩĲ˼·ûرĴ¡
ǽ춭ֱȽ͵ƴʩԼȽʵ˼·İõĶ
һߣҲֻЦЦʦȽӵĻͲֻһѧˡ
ȻܹһֵͬУô֤Լķģ
ˣڰСʱ֮󣬶ԿǴ㵵ıѾ𾪺ͺȻɫ൱⣬˵С찡Ҳôһ˵Ҳص档
ȴҡͷڣҾ뷨ǳã˶ҽѧҽ͸һþڵѧȽɢҵظҫֻǷ
Ҳܺ涭Ǹѧϰappʲô
ɫ˱仯
˵ϴѧҽԺĹǿƣĳôһرϵͳѧϰĻôԺ󣬹ǿƵʵҽԺܹܲھȺۣǶˡ
Ժڹڣǿƣ¾ͲҽԺͻˮ̶ˣܾҪһϴѧҽԺˡ
ȻҲˣòܳһϵôܳҲһͻƿڡ
Ȼ˵ԼԼԼʦܳɶ죬ܳǰҽԺ˰Լʦܹ˵ܳɵʦԪƽԺʿȥһܳɣȷ١
ôͺþҪҪµѧϰ˼ά
һõĸУиרҵĽڻѧϰΧжȽ׽
ЧҲǼΪЧϣʦžһ˶ԽȥԷڳԷļ϶ʦҲ˶ҽѧĴڣԳʾҵĻӭȻ󻹻ͶԻһЩ֮
˾ͶȸˣȻԽ˵ԽˣԽ˵Խˣڻ˵ҪֱӸΪҽѧǿƷֻᣬ˶ҽѧѧĸίԱ
ɢȥͶԻؾƵʱ
͸ڣʣʦոոԽ˵ίԱǲǲ̫ʰ
Ӽѣ˵ûʲôʵġ
ҽԺ˶ҽѧȫΨһӵԺʿ˶ҽѧң֮ڣڱ˵Ǿա
ǲΪա
ܹҪӵȥܳɣôʹܳɾǲɶõš
棬һҪ˵һҺһѧƵķչһ˵
ʦһҪţһѧҪչãô˵Ĺף
ԣҲҪټһҪټһҪùҲټȰѶԽ˶ҽѧľȦСڷǳ侲ط
ڷչ֮£ǲܽŲʱӵžĺôͻᱻ˦һأԴĵΣУһǰ
һչҽԺ˶ҽѧҪǰλá
ΪҽԺԾʧܣҲֹԾһʧܣ
Լʦ΢е񣬲Ҳ⣬Լʦ˼ҵ˼ҲǹԪƽԺʿѧ˶ҽѧε˼
ΪΨһӵԺʿĿңҲãְȻ̬Ҫǰһ塣
ƣΪ


İپʮ Ѥ̻
ͿֱǺͿˣѧҽԺʵٴʵһ߷ܶŵĹԪƽűԼһ绰ɳcallܳɣƿڴ
ɫο֮ɫ
ҽĳɳѧñ£ÿȻ뵽ȥ̵ִ⡣
ִִʣʵܳ͸ÿǵ飬ܳɵ츳ȷǲģǰҲû⣬ܹջ񣬵ȴֻǳڵһһСطתǹԪƽüΪ޴һַʽ
ܳЦſԪƽ̬ӵ˿š
㱻ҲΪˣʦⲻû뵽رõĵӣһԤȵ̵ܲܣһӾͰ̵̯̫ȻԼղˡ
ѧ֮ǰڳеһרԹЧôԡ
ǣ̵̯̫һղ̯̿ӵʱѹûпǹƽ̨ʦض԰ɣ
㣬γ˵ûУ
ΪСǲǴһֱȥüȻңԪƽ׷ܳɡ
ԪƽСϴѧҽԺĶԽڡ
ܳԿЦʦûô룬ҪڵرƣǴƵ״̬
кܶණ޷Ա
һˣ˵ôĻһȺ˵Ļôܹ˵ø죬𣿡Ԫƽʡ
ܳɵ˼˵ȼƶȲƣҪĥô򣬻˵ܳԼһ뷨û취ֱӡ֤
飬һǾͿһȺ
ܳԾ˵ʦ֮ǰ͹ʦʦҲֻȥû˵ķ棬ҲӰ̫˲һʱֱóá
ҪһĹ֮ȥŲ
Ԫƽƽͽ˻ҽѧٴҲʵǰǿư࣬ڵǲרҵġ
ǽˣҲ˵ҽѧĽѧһרҵġ
ڻãһµĶóԴĳɱܸߣӰ첻ٵˣǣǲ˵ġ
ԪƽָֻܳţСܣӦ֪츳ԽõˣܹеԴɱԽߡ˵ͬ𣿡
ܳɵ˵ͷ
츳ԽãôǾͿԳԸ·ӣٻͷ¿ʼҲһѧϰٶȸӿ졣
ܹѧҽԺı˶ʿоѧϰ棬ٮٮߣ
԰˳еԴɱѧУҽԺԡ
ڹǿƵĽѧ棬еʧҽԺĹǿƿԣ
ƽ̨ƽ̨߱
ԪƽԺؽ
ôȫУ棬ѧ廪ѧǴ߷ģǿԺĸУ˦˺档
ѧˮ̶ҽԺ;ѧҽԺĹǿƣǻͷϴеҾԴ˺ü꣬ȻԶɧҸҴƴΪĵ̡
ϴѧҽԺ߱ģǰǱߵҽѧҲǶ⣬ʮķչ죬ǲܳе̫Դɱ
ɹԪƽԣ
Ժʿ˶ҽѧΨһԺʿ
ܳɲ˵Ԫƽʣ˵ùʱʦڻûгݣڹڵĹǿƻһķ˵һЩ
ʦҰٽѧһΡõö֧ʡ
벻뿴һ̻𣬵ʲô棿ԪƽĻ˵úᣬȴܾһֶصջ
ܳԣ˼
˶˵γִʵȻ׼Ҳ
ܳԼ֤
ҲţԼʦ֮һԪƽԺʿִʵ̻̻ڹԪƽʦ˵ҪԼʲô̻
ĪҲ׼ˣ
벻룬ҲҪŸ㿴һΡҪʱ䣬ų֮ɫܹǺÿġ
һ̻Ũɫأ̻ǾζѤ쵡ԪƽȾô˵
˵꣬Ԫƽ͵ܳɵ棬˼绰ȥ
绰еЩˣܳϤ벻Ϥġ
γǹԪƽһ绰ġ
Ȼڡѧ־
־ˣܳɲ̫ǰ漸λһԼʦǹǿƵԺʿ֮һλԼʱ򣬼λ߰ԺʿίԱĳԱ
ȫԺʿ
ȻԪƽִЩ绰ܳɱȽϤľ֮ǰԼڹԪƽСѵʶȻ½ǬݣȻƵʦ֪Ľڡ
һȦ绰жʮȥ
ȻԪƽŷ˵绰Щڸɣһڲ衣
˵˶ҽѧлڼ䣬˶ҽѧһЩڣھ
רƵˣֻһЩѣҾͲˡ
ҵ뷨ǣȻҪһҽҽѧܵĵȼƶȳôǾȸһԵ
Χغܴ󣬾ͰЩϼһΪϣܿ԰ɣ
ȻԼ뷨ľ飬ȥһ£ҽְƣҽѧܵĲͬˮƽʲô
Ϊ뷨ܺãڸٴרҵĽǶȣܹĸҽˮƽߵͣȻҹƽȥͳһˮƽߵ뷨Ǽõģ
ʦ߽ƽ̨ǰһ

ܳ⻰ĿЩ
һؿԤ룬ǰ꣬ģʵԱȣǰ꣬أǹԪƽԺʿ

Ԫƽһ뵽ˣΪγĹϵǿ϶˵ģ˵д飬˳Ժʿûе
ѧԺǿƵʮһԺʿȫˡ
һ֮һׯ棬һСͻ飬λ֮ˣԺʿ֮⣬ֻʣܳһǷԺʿˡ
ԪƽͷͰԼ뷨˳γû
ĸ׳ˣڣ뷨ǺõģҲҽѧҽķչģ⼸꣬Ҳ飬רҵͿԷֿ
ܹõָ꣬רҵˮƽڸٵȵȼ֣ĻôΪǱȽϺõģҲǱȽϿ͹۵ġ
ܹӾ׼ϵҽˮƽܹӦļٴӦãԽĸʣܹһЩû˲ţھ
Ǽõ飬Ϊϡ
ְƵĵȼ֤󾿾Ҫ֪н취ûУ
ԪƽȻ֪ôϸڰͰĿ⿴ܳɡ
СܣôǵģͰ뷨߸λʦһ꣬ϾƹӰ쵽ľԲĳһˣĳһʱεˣС
ˣǱҪǰȨס
ܳԣһȻƵ˵ʦʱ뷨ģһǶԵģΪȥۣǱȽϺʵġ
ȵһְƶȲУڵְȨ·ߣµְȨ
Ҫϸ·档
ڣҽְҪгмߡ⼸
ְƣΪʱǲ䣬Կȡִҵҽʦʸ֤Ϊֽߣǰȡ֤飬ڱƵĵ꣬ҵ֮ĵһ꣬ѡһ걨
ǰˣҪҹֳҽʦְƵƽҹ
ҵ뷨ǣȡһǧλְƵסԺҽʦǵƽˮ׼ΪְƵĲοߣ˵ˣܹˮƽߣԳְơ
߾ǣȡסԺҽʦְǰһǧλƽˮƽΪٽ㡣ҪǰܵĴô͵Ƹʵ
򣬾ͻǰͰһְ·ߣҲǿȡִҵҽʦʸ֤顣
ͬмְƣемְƣǳְƹ֮꣬Ϊм
ҵ뷨ǣܹԽõһǧҽʦƽˮƽôǾͿǰƸȨʡҽѧΪۺϿλְ裬˹̹͸˹ȫ¼Ծ飬ɱ׵
ܳ˵꣬ܶ˶˼״˵
ڼܵĵȼƶȵĻΪҪרҵίԱᣬÿһרҵļܽϸѾ׼һЩο趨ܹۼһ𣬽֮趨͹۵ı׼
ôΪʵġ
̶ȵؼʬλزְ͡Ʋƥ䣬רҵܴٽҲҪרҵٴҽʦŶӵĹҪ󡭡ܳɼȻˣôҲչذԼ˼·˳
˼⣬ȫ棬ܵ
ƶȲУһӰ˴һĴ
ҲǺͨ˱ȣֻǺЩ˱ȣܼȥôҾ͹ǿֻҪ˹֮ôƽˮƽȻǿˣңɸѡһЩʵˡ
ܳȻ˵ı׼ÿһλһΣĳЩῨѹһЩˣ
ȻҽĳһرóĻǿԲĻܲʵϾҽԺҪĿģǳе񣬶ǿ񡭡
λʦҳ뷨ܳ˵꣬˵˽
ܳɵĻ˶ʱƤһ
ѧԺʿֱӽСܰڵҽְƶѾãô꾡뷨ʹʩɣ
ܳԣ΢΢һЦ˵ʦʵ֮뷨һ˽ģǾڵĺܶʦ֮󣬶¿
ٴ̫࣬ѧȽɢңܹҽѧⷢȵĻΪЩʦǺԸģҪ
ܳٴζһֺϽڵ뷨
֮󣬸о߲ٴϹ𣬽ѧһһЩܷӣЩڵ۽ʵ϶ǲɡ
£ܹҽѧ淢ⷢȣô̶ȵãȫɡ
ţܶڹϰˣһжеĵӣòϰߣҪ£ôõȥ


İپʮ ܽڵĺ׺
ѧһǳɹ۵طСܣģȻҲΪ뷨Ϊ
ֻҪ£ҪķѴ˵ȲҪ輼ܿҪֲ롣
ƾ⼼ܵȼǣʵֵģξ׼һ˵ļˮƽҲǺѿ͹ۻģȻҲѾӦ˼·
һǾãСΧԵ㣬ⶼҪֲٰ
һܴ⣬ܳĿ͹۱׼ԣȻ㹻ϸҲǳɹִۣԺܸߡ
漰ܶ෽桪
͵סԺҽʦ׶ΣסԺҽʦǵļˮƽݻͿ͹ۻѵ㡣
ҽʦԼڡڵȾ͸Ӳˡ
Ҳûţѧϣ˴Űӵ˼ʱ󣬲˵СܣһⰡ
Ǽ磬µоչ֮ǰÿ˶ÿһּܵΪǲһģκûж֮ǰȷ˭ȷģ˭Ǵأ
ܽΪ㶨˿͹۵ָ꣬ôȷ˾ͶǴҲ˵Ǵ󣬱ѧ򣬾ҪĲڡ
ѧ˿ĽǶȶǷǳȫҿ͹۵ģҲһ⡣
Ȼ⣬ܳȻ׼ģа£ģ˼Ľģʽ
ʦллʺָ㣬⣬лѹʱйȽϿ͹۵о
ȣٴϵҲãǶԲֵҲãǰڣҲٴҽѧϰʱڣȻҪľǣϰר档
ϰܺ⣬ÿ˶Ǵӿ˽ͨôģΪֻھ֮ͨϣܹԼ⡣Ļƾն˼·ǿ϶ǻʵġ
Ƴ³£Ǵ
һ£ֻнڻ߸ڽ׶ΣǵͬˮƽŻһּжԼ⡣
λʦҲƬ氡˵ǵͬˮƽ
ôԵⲻͬ޷໥͵ʱôǾʱΪⰡʱǲģٲǾ״̬űȽϴ顣
ÿԼ⣬еڲͬɣвͬۺѧ˵ô£һѸһļܶΪ⡣
⣬ǽֻ⣬Ǵ޵Ŀԣڿ֮ϣһȻҪֻص⡣
ȡ֮˼Ҫе˼άû¶֮ǰ֣ΪΪеġ
ܳɲԼ˼·⡣
⣿һظţһ߰죬Ȼ˵ͷʺܺԢҲΪ
ҵѾشˣشһƽڵɡѧһָ
һԣԺʿְƣֻڿѧԺһԺʿ֮䣬ԺʿƺţرרҵԱཻʱ
ܳɶл˵ʦ⣬ʵѧҲбȽ˼Ϳǹ
ȻҪǰڽ׶ξͶӴȥеȼֱӱ׼൱ѵġ
԰ʦҾ˺ܶ취հ취򻯳һСϷǲܹ֮࣬ѼһЩϣƹһԱȽϼ򻯵ɸѡģʽ
ҵ˼ǰܹϷñȽϵ£ôļ֪ˮƽǲģ٣ҿǿΪϵܶ๱׵ġ
һĿġ
ڴ㿪СϷʱ䱾⣬Ϊ˰еһЩҽѧ֪ʶƬȤϵͳĹУܹ֪һ̨ҪЩأЩϸҪǡ
ϷõĹУܹ˽ԣȤѧϰ
ϷܹɹôܹΪѵǵı׼Ϳ͹ۻṩݣٴҽˮƽ֪ʶȣṩĲοݡ
λʦҪҶһ£ԼԣڶڱѧһЩѧ֪ʶͻ鱾ʵٴҪõӦõĹУҲʵĲȥǵļ䡣
ˣϷ棬˲ͳƵģ飬ּڰĲԼϸʵͳģ黮֡
ԱȽϴݵǵĲݿϸϣΪǵļܡֵȼ֣мõƶá
ġ
ܳ˵䣬ܳԱߵγԪƽˣ
ֱܳɽꡣ
ѻȸ
գһλ˵һ仰˵˵С㵽һ̶壿
˶Ŀ⿴ܳɡ
ܳһһۣΪֻܳϷѧϣû뵽ͿǺҽѧ壬Ȼ󻹿Ǻ˲ɼѧϰڶԺоƵȼƶĹ滮
ѧϰappһҽѧͼݵĳΣ˼·һ˶룬벻ģ
һϷchushu
ܳЩ˼λʦҲ壬ֻĽѧһãѧһֹ̣Ҳһ־ֻпԽһҾҲܹٱȽϿĵȥҵһЩо
һ͵ɣϾڽѧҽԺصģһЩȽϻ֪ʶԼ֪ʶѧԣǺȥӴŵģҪٴĦÿš

֮
Ԫƽγ˾ֱӰܳԼķ׷˺һ
Ϊܾܳǲǻʲôš
Ȼѡ̹׵ܳɣûɶŵˣǣΪģͨһappҽˮƽٿʮڣϹʵһˮƽȫҽƶǿ֮УҲȻ޷Ƕ
Ҫ֮󣬲пܽǰ֮С
ΪҲѧϰ룡
ṩһֲ죬Ҳṩһֿԡ
ˡʦ˰Ԫƽܳʵʵ˵֮˵
γΪοؿܳɣˣʱ䣬Ȼɳĵز
ЦЦ˵ǸʱǽܵĽǣҪǹҵҽƣִҽģʽǵĿꡣ
ܵһǽܵ񣬲˰ɡ
µѧϰģʽҲȷǸ÷չˣǰڴõһףԺҲᱻֻ̭ǲ֪ҹŽѧһڣʲôʱҲܹʺʦŵżͺá
ɼԴųȥԸѧȻ࡭γΡ
йѧģҲǾԼгɾ͵ģԼνЩѧ̫¾ɺͱء
ãһּǱܵģʽܶʱڲͬʱÿ˵Ǳê㱾ͲͬһҪãǼҲԣ˵Ȥ
Сܣ㲻ŻȥȥѧУĽһˡ
㰲һ˽ⳡҽԺĸڻнʦȻѧƵҲ룬ֻٴҽѧһЩˣȥԺúõһĽѧۡ
ʦ⣿ܳɾþȣûǰ
ûⲻģ˳ɳ֮󣬾ҪѧὲΣҪѧύҲǽεһַʽͬѧѧҲı֮·

ԪƽȻǿЦģǿҪŽô٣ҽԺͻˮ̶ҽԺĹǿƣҪһ𣬲ٴܣ棬ٴܡ
ڵҪЩ񣬸ôȥôӦãж˸ȤҪĻ⻹ǵܳȥ˵
ܳΣҲֻôѼϼܡ
ܳɾãһΣԽһᡣ
ҹܳɺͰһ֮󣬾ͺ߮ãװһ룬һ¶Ҳ߮磬߮ع鵽ҽѧҪС˵˷̫ʱ䡣
Ļᣬ߮ҲУ

ѧҽԺѧ󣬱ȫĹǿѧܲʮ֮һֻٶˡ
˹ģɲС
ң߽ܳʱ򣬾ͷѧſһ齲Ϣӡ
ܳԼƬȻĽܡ
ܳפ㣬ͣá
ȻһǶҲ￴Ϣûܳɵĳ࣬أֵܣǶʶ𣿡
̧ܳͷ
ԷıΡ
Ƭϵ˭ʵ˱ɻУ
Ȼ˾໥ϵʽͻҽһ£ԷǺЭҽԺһߣʮ꣬ǰͳ˲ʿվҲţƵС
֮ǰΪһνֵҽԺһλԺԵ̨ܳɵĺ׺
ܳɣʿѧϴѧҽԺҽʦڣоԱǿЭҽʦѧίԱʡҽѧǿƷֻίƸίԱʡҽѧǿƷֻѧ鸱ίԱ
Ժǰйоأ棬ȴе㶺ȣܳɸڣһ󴮣ߵ÷60£ɣ
˻Ļڡ
ЦӰʮӵģǶĴڿ⻹
Ц
Ȼܳɸǹǿƴƹ΢ƵĿߣҲɣ
ŶУܳɸڣڿҽѧίԱҲְGǸ֡
ܳų鴤ү˵İɣ
ܳûװƻѽ


İپʮ ܴĸ
ܳܣһЩǼʶǿͬ䲻ͬоǣ˽
ȻܷɧʱűȽʱУԱߣʦʣʦ֣֮ǰ˵ģǸرţƵı˰ɣ
Ǹ˚G
Ƶͷһʱûػ
ƵʦĿ𺳣ˣƤȽϺڣƱòһЩʵҲ㣬п˵ʦ֣ұΪܹǰҵסԺѾǾԺˣ
û뵽ʦ
Ҳû뵽ȴҲϿܳɣǰһѵʱҾ;ǳˣȻڶʱڣмĳɾͣû뵽Ȼܹô̵ʱԽôಽ
ڰ
ΪԼҪߣҲҪʮ꣬⻹ǱȽԤڣ⣬ʱ仹ơ
ʦ֣ҲǹģԼȥˣΪЩûȥˣıһ·ǸĽݾ
ƻܹǰƹ㣬ԺְƵʱ򣬾иˣüˡ˺˵ֺļʶɲ
ܳ˵ЩΪһЩŴӿĵ·ʱӮúܶ˵ĺøС
ȻҲᱻһ˺Ͼĸĸ֮ЩҪڲסԼ㣬ʬλزͣͲ̫ˡ
΢΢۾г˸пܳסԺҽʦҲסࡣ
ʱǸסԺҽʦȥ˶ʿ׶Σ˵оֻǹ˳ԣûйߡ
ǰ
ҵʱÿɺޣھÿЦƵгΡ
ܳҪôΪܳɿνǴҽ׶εײ߳ġ
꿼оϣ˵˵ȥ
Ȼ֮ڣסԺҽʦɵ˸ߡ
Ȼ顣
ⲻܰɣˣԼӲ̫á
Ϊܵ飬ΪûӴ⣬ܶΪԼܵĶ򣬵ʵֻܵϵĶ򡣡
Ķ򣬿ûνô򵥣ƵⷬΪ͸
ϵĶĶʵȫһ㼶ġ
ѣ˵׬ǮѣĶ
֪ܳɵˣ˭֪ϴѧ֮԰ܳȥоڸԼƨɣһɵʺͿ
һ㣬ԼǸЭĵطûκκøУڣҲֻǶܳкøУ
ԣƷǳ⣬ڵܳɣΪҪô
ΪһЩţԼֶΡ
˼ıƲǰнҲȫ֪УܹЭҽԺУʵҲӦ֮¡
߿ӵʱܻ¸ɼõһˣӳʧĻʵҲʮУ;ѧ廪Ĳࡣ
Ͼ֮¼ȡ߲
ڿƵʱʧˣֻҪ֣ӣټѧ廪˵򵥣ҲûôѡֱӱбֻҪ㡣
ܳɲһ˵ʵǾ÷ǳʹĵģܹܳһʼںЭҽԺڣܳλú͸߶ȣڸҪһ㣡
ΪЭҽԺܹܳɹõƽֻ̨֮һûж֮˵
ʦ־ģҲͦǵллϣܹӳɹø¡

ͬʱһ棬д˿̵Ŀ⣬Щɢ롣
УҲʶܳɣ
ʵ˽ܳɣΪܳɵľ֮ͬΨһͬǣڸԵʱԼĶʦȻϰˡ
ħԺıӲͷƤӲྻˮ̶ǿƵĶãһʧˣǶս˰
ҶսʱֱӸ˱ĵʦ
Щȫڡ
һһֱǾǾ̫ѻˣһשȥҵĶȨ󣬻ѹͲضôĹٶֻҪܹ˵ϻôͺͱûоϡ
ûκһ֪Ҳǻˮ̶ҽԺʧ֮һΪҶֻסʤߺϰˣҲû˻עһûпϵˣôȥʲô
ڣѾߵǸ˵ǰ棬Ȼжġ
Ҳ˵ģҪ˵Ǹһʦ֣ʦܵˣһ㶼аɣҲô˵˻ܹﵽƽˮƽġ
˶ʿӱþߵ֮Ҫ۹ƽ
Էѹô
ķԱƹģŵڶ0.4֡
ķ֣þԷֱʮһ֣һ꣬ûϵȥ
ԼʦԱߵģеʦǷڣȫƽǴصģԹࡣ
С磬СܣǰӴɣҺѾҵԺԼĵ֡
ƽǱԺе˶ҪԼʦ棬һܹһЩˡ
ţ֮ǰڹʦǱߵСѵر㡣
Ц˵˵һܹԼ½ǬʦлأҪǿܳɣǼǴͣҾҺһģ
ⲻǫ飬Ц˵пʵ
ҲǳԹ˰ƽܳɵͷ
ƽԼľʵͱȽϴ棬Ǳһҵλľɹελúϳģû뵽ǣƽҲǹֱӽ˺Э˽ڡ
֮ǰʱ򣬶ԷҲùغһڣȫǿʱ򣬷ƽ̨ϵ˶ҽѧѧĴϵϯλá
Էֻ̨¿ŻżΪߣһʡҽԺѧƴͷˣΣ
ܳɵȽϼɣΪһˣܳһ뷨ˡģǽѧ˵
ȻĻңҿ϶ٻȥ
ܳУ汻ŹȥȥˣеĻǾԲͬģʦҳҾʹ粽ǰߣԲͷġ
ˣоԼʦܳɵ˼
ƽ˵㵽ʱԼһܳɣǿɲԼһ·ȥǸȽϴģȽϺõʱ
п򷽺ƽ
ƽ˵ⲻߺŻϵ׶Σ˵˭ԸôһҪƵǰ״̬µĶ˵ĻҾҿһ
ƽ֪˼˽͡
õģʦ

ܳɷ꣬ȻԪƽγͬʱ̨ϣȻ˵γѾ˳˿ѧԺԺʿͷδµԪƽǻڻԾȦ
˵ƤǻǹģҲ˲˷֧֡
ȻˣѧԼˣγ͹ԪƽĹϵãͱ̨֧ܳ裬һ˵лᡣ
дŵίԱͽܲܽһ¡
١
ԺʿȨޣֱܹдŵ߲㣬ֱӿдŸҵ쵼ˣǿѧԺԺʿ߱ģκ˶ױȵı
ĸг֧֣ȻһƬƣֻ̨ŵĲˣɫ졣
˸˳
ϾܳɵʲôȼƶһôԺµְƶȣϵƶȸкԼܴܲȥʱͲ˵ˡ
ôıʵ˵ǡ

ϣԪƽγһЩϽȥˡһûдܳɡ
԰ܳɻʱ䡣
Ϊٽĩҳᣬżһܳɾʹ㺰һһȦҲþûȥιˣĩ
˻ᣬܳɵĵ绰Υ
ȻȻƴģ滹ڵƤܳʦǵԶͬѧơ
Ķԡ
ϾʦֵʦֶҼٰ硣
Ƹ磬þòĩ绰ġܳһЦ
Ʋ绰Ҳƴ绰ܲһʲôܹȥʡ
ǰĶܳɿܾ˲ʣڣܳɿɲôֻ࣬Ҫܹ˽ԼŶӣǾǶƣԼֵá
Ǹðڳһȵ£ҺʦԼһ顣
ʦʦеʦƽڣҲҪģǵʦʦǸ߸ɿˣԾֻǡƤӣƤƤ
иҲڰ
λûλãܳɴܹµóǵ
ɡ
ҪԼʵ֪Ҫ֤Լϣܹͨһ;
νһָǡ
ҪˣȻҪ㹻ķ档
ܳԼ֣Ȼ󶨣еǲһΪԼʦڣûκ˸ժӡ
ܳе
ǷλðɣȺȸ̸£Ȼȥһ˾ҹ
ҹҲǲϡƼЦ
ǶѧˣԽҪôע⣬ȻԴġ
ϾʳǽƸ磬ǻؼܳӦ
һΣܲܰƺ£͵ÿʱˣŶ棬ҲԵŶӵԮ
˵һŶӣʵ֮һЭ飬ҲǼΪġ
ܳӵе̫࣬ͷţ̫
ԼǸڣ뷨ӦǸһ㣬ˣٶκ޹ؽҪ˸𣬼һ֪ڣҲȥһͬȸУĸڣΪʲôôȽ˼·ŵ˼ά
ƨ¶


İپʮ ͨ
ƺеʱܳɻǱһŮӶἵʵƤ𾪵ˡ
ԼĵطһҲ˹ݣΪ
ܳɵ໥һ󣬲Ű¡
ܳɾ˵Ƹ磬и磬ҹưܺ͸ҼˣҶ챻ˡ·ͱһ
ܳɿЦŶԶ²ۡ
ܳھûΪԪƽĹϵܶ˶ܳɴʦֵܹϵ֮ǰʱҲ˺ѣǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ˣҽԺ̽㹻Ϣ֮󣬾תܳɡ
һƬ֧ܳɵ˲ࡣ
ҽѧͺˣпѹͱҵѹܳô㣬һҲȥΪڻƶȾǣ˭ţ˭͸ţơ
һЩǿſλģٴȷ΢ǷѣǺѧϰˣҲ˫߿
һܳ趨ұ֮ôкٴķ룬ǳ顣
Ҫ֪һ㣬ҽѧѧϰںܳԶԣձΪҽְҵѧְҵǮ
ͨʮһҵǽӽ֮꣬ʱҪһȥиѧҽҵǱô
һЩѴ󲿷ʱ䶼Ͷ뵽˿УٴϻûվȽŸһЩΣҲƿڴܳɼֱǾ˼ά
ԼȥˣͰŸǰɣģ㶯ְ
ֲ˶һ
ѧʱҪ£֮Ҫרҵܣԡ
ԿЦҲûаܳ˵ֻǿ͹˵ܳɸ磬˵ʵҲû뵽»ȽϴķĳǺõģƶȵĲУҲӰ쵽Щˡ
ǰɣһƶ֮ôĽѧҽԺʱ϶רҵͿз룬£һЩÿԽҽԺĲʿƶֻȥСһҽԺˡ
ȷӰ쵽档
ƶõڵһЩҽԺ޲ðԼƸ컨壬ԸҪ˽ҲҪĳ֮£һƶȳ֣϶˻רҵʵǿ˱׼֮һ
㲻е˾ͱˣǰʱ򣬲ֱӿٴԸʽۻҲп©ʱ򣬱ϾҪ˽һˣҪʱġ
ܹٴݻ͵ȼģҪٿѧˮ㣬ǼͲˡ
ٶҽԺϡ
ӰˣڵְʿٵѹǳĲʿҲˮ׼½ܶ࣬ܲܳô
Ȼ֧ܳɵˣҵڵĴУûκܹס
֧ܳɵҹһΣϣǣܹΪԼŶõ֣õؿչԼĹûı¡
һˣʵҪˣҾҪ£ҪˣҾͿٴ͹ˮƽô
Ǻ£ܻ˵һֵ棡
Ц˵ʵܳɸ磬Ҹոջӵ˼ʦܴ绰ģ²ۡ
ȻԼǿ϶֧뷨ģֻǰ
Ҳ֪ûиƽһַʽ͡
ܳҡͷ̾˵еģڹƲˡ
ܳɱĴǣ̵һʱ䣬ȥкͽ飬Ȼƶȳ֣Ǿ֮
֮ôܵĵȼƶȵĸˣҲܹٳɳѡԼȤͷ
ûԪƽγԺʿ˶볡ˣôԤҲͻСֵؿʼƶȣûа취̵ˡ
Ѿܶ˶֪ˣǵȷûа취ͣˡ
ܳɸ磬ӦЩųģô㹻Ļʱ䡣ȻְܳƶȶԼҲֱ֧ܳɡ
Ͼÿ˶ÿӦ̶ȲͬܳɵԱȽϵͲεûӰ죬Ը߲εֲϲµˣͷ·𱻶ɱܡ
ǰһûЩɣ¶˭أܳΣҲֻӲͷƤȥܡ
˵ҽԺƶȵĽڣɹʮ˴
ȻȫУǴû취ҡ
ֻһеˡ
Ƹ磬и磬Ҵ֪ǵ⣬ǿԵģ˵ֱӵ˭˵˭Ϊ׼
ЩȼҪƷ׼ԣĿǰЩܵȼʱһṫƽҶԾͲ룬Լ뷨Ȼܳôкƽ
кԵһϵİϣܹܳǵʦţܹһʵϵռһɽͷ
˵ĳֲķͷͣĳƵķʽʲôȼʲôˮƽӦԶĻôԺǵķչߵκεǰ档
ȵȵá
ܳɵĻΪе㲻棬ƺҲûй˼
һܳɳԶ˵һ˵Ȼֱӱ׼λҲͬⰡֻ˵ܳɣʦ뷨ǡ
ϣֿܹܳȥһʱ䣬ôģһ϶Ʒ
Ҫ˵ܳɣ϶ֻƤӣҪ¡
¾ǣܳŵһֵԴƽ̨Ƿ·̼һܲõͷʵǿܳɵ̬ȡ
Ҳǵ⡣
ҲƵ˼
ôһ㰡ʵ֮ܳǰ˻ԼЩȼƶȣ̳ƽ̨ʣⲻܳɵı⡣
֮鵽ʱҽѧӹܣ̶ȵر
ǼǾ꣡
Ƹ磬ڹ𣿡аʡ
ǽˣȥɳйļʲ󣬵ȥɳУ˲ܺ
ƵƤһ£ǰסܳɵĻʦڻûȤˮ̶ƽ̨أҶû㵹˵ˣ
ΪЩЦ
ϴѧҽԺĹǿƺͻˮ̶ǲ಻Сģƽֻ̨ƣ޷Եȡ
Ƹ磬ҵ˼˹ʵʰƸǱߵĲʿվ϶Ƚ϶࣬ǰɡܳɸĿڣǸ֮ǰڵλʿһ·
ȻҲλʿȴ뵽ʦǱߵڲ
վ˲һϲ
ܳɣվ𡣡Ƹܳһָǰн
ڸƸǣֻҪܹܳɸκݣĽڰ򣬻ʱ̸ܳɵĴҲʱ̸
Լ˸֡
ҲˣһţЭҲԵİ
νģ򡣽վ͹ν޺ذڳһƴֵļơ
йˣʦеλǹǿƵĸΣȨ
֮ǰҽԺ¿ƾԵܳɣϢûӦҲܳɸ˰ĴԽԽߣֺ˰
ǣܳɵļ룬϶ǲġ
ܳɾ˵λ磬ҵ˼Ĳʿʦ֣Ҹվĵط
˵ټһ룬ȥЭҲֻв࣬ʮ嵽ʮ壬ˡ˰ǰ
ܳɵʦ֣ƾûжȤˡ
ʿҵ˻û֪ȣϴѧҽԺֻһ߮ܳɣ֮⣬˲رȤġ
ô˵Эͻˮ̶ϴѧҽԺҵӦܻһЩ֪ĸڡ
һˡ
ܳɾͰϢռ̸֮һº˵Ƹ磬Ҹ㽲ҪǼؽھһǰɣżһ׹ؽھ
̽䱸˵ˣܳɸ磬֪˼ûȤҲ뿪ʦȥطġ
ֿܳУҲƵ̬ȡ
䱸ʮ㡭
˱ܳɾüΪźˣûһɿڣκ˶ȥ˴򹤣Լ㡣
Ҳû˭ϣԼΪ˵أڲô
ԣܳҲֻܰ˵뷨ſա
ǵõһЩôǾǰŶ֮ǰԻѧѧϰǿŶ֮ЭһȥһٴͿзоܹڽڣӦĵȼ׼ѾŶ֮䲻ͬ⣬ںϳ
ȻһЩСΪŦɽЭЩС£Ͳضˡ
൱ھǻɹ˵˼ܹʶͬʱѧϰҲһֱȽϺõĽʽ
ĺԱ᲻ɳȥģ±
֮ܳɾͺɢ˿Ȼȥӻ
Ҫˡ
ϵʮһʮ壬أ賿ʮʮŴӺվ¥˴򳵽˳ǣڵ۶ķʷĺء
СԽֳ˵㱾رȽŵСԣȻͻȥϢˡ
ĩ죬ܳɺͰһڱȽϳľ򿨡գԸֺóԵģƬѼȡ
Ȼȥ˶԰찲ŵʽ
ĩ뿪ܳ˾׼һεĻ飬εĻ飬ƾǹԪƽγˣľִߣȻʼһ͵Ŀ⡣
ǿƼ·ԼǿƼܡǿҽְ²ԵЧо
ȻǺõģλУ飬ֱӾֱʾͬ⣬Ȼ󻹸Դ˽ͬ⣬ͨϱ˹ҽίԱԼҽѧԼš
ĿܸǼλԺʿУǾߵִߣܳɸΪ׵ĽŶӣȻĿֳС


İپʮ ıӦĶ
еһж䶨֮ܳһαһΡ
ȻÿܳɶԣҲر̣ҲбȽԶ塣
ɽҲܳǰûԤ뵽ġ
ĿǰԣԼˣ֮һγҲħԺһϵ֮һھѧҽԺĹǿơ
֮һϴѧҽѧԺҽԺĸǿרƵĽڣ뵽Ŷ档
ˣͲʮֱڲͬŶӣһǻˮ̶ĽڣڵĹϵã֮ܳ˹ʶ󣬱˵ΪŶ֮Ŧ
ңλԻˮ̶ҽԺĽҲǸ½ģڱԺδȽŸҪһƽ̨ס״
һƣǴӺЭҽԺġ
ħҲ˲ˣ֮ܳǰħʱʱйϵһЩڣЩİģܳɵĹϵ̫ģһˡ
֮Ի뵽ŶһĹϵġ
ֵܣӱ
ʱµʱܹεˣ󲿷ֶǧ˿ƵĹϵϵһˣǧҪ̫뻯ÿȡñȽ϶İ˵Ρ
رڻӰܴ¼֮У󲿷ҲֻᱧſϷ̬ȣ볡ֻǿͷ϶ʾ֧֡
ҲνܹһӶôæܳѾΪˡ
㹻Ľ֧֮ܳҪĵһ¾һרһרƵȥ֤ÿרƳܺͺܵĲͬȼˮƽ
ЩһڹǿƲͬר֮ԼÿרƵְƵҪЩˮƽźǰƸҪ¡
ҪȽϸ֣֮̽̽ʵѼЩ⻹ҪҵԴסԺҽʦҽʦˮƽȶѸںͽڵĿ͹۱׼ָ꣬ΪŻ
Ϊ۵ĹУԪƽһܿ͹۵iǾܳɡ߮绹еȽˣҪҪ뵽ƽ׼ĺѡ֮С
˽ȥӰͻܴΪⲻһܹﵽĸ߶ȡ
ȻҲ˷뷨Ǿ˵
һٸܳҲãʮһ
ҪƸˣͱҪбƸʸ츳ܳɵ˵мˮƽȥսûеĻôƾʲôƸְƣ
ŵżҪøһЩܹѡţĳ
ȻµĽչȻҪȽϳʱ顣

ɳе칦ϣܳɺ߮ǰȨҲǽлɳС
Ȩ֮ǰ߮磬ܳɸ磬پһлл֮ǰܹôõĻøҡ
һӪҵܹ뵽ίԱƶȵĽ֮Уһã֮ǰ顣û뵽ôʵˡ
ѧϰϷappȨʿģһʱ϶ǲǮġ
ĵȼƶܹ֮ôԺÿѧĽѧҽԺ棬϶ҪļѵǺͽרõļѵҡ
ǳ豸ά޵ȷãǼ̻һر𳤾õ⡣
ͬʱʹ󲿷ֵĽѧҽԺϵԺҪ¿һЩеҩƷڽٴʱӵеÿĽȱø죬ס
ǰڲһڵͶʣܹıͶʣֱһ
Ȩ뵽ѧйأһȫʼеĻԼֻҪѿصݣôȫó
Ľûôľԣʱ϶һǳĵ⡣
ܳЦЦ˵˵Щʲô
֮ǰͶǮʱҲûԥȨӡʱʱ򣬻κǰ
ȻںһʱڣҲκε룬㻹пҪʣάֺϷĿӪȹ
߮˵ͷԣ³кܶǮûĸ֮⣬κ˶ɲˡ
ң⿴Ϊ׵ǰϷһ˭ְ
ҲֻģҰˡ߮˵Ȩһ
ȨıװǾƣװŵǹ֭
˵ԼٺȾƣܳɺȨȰ߮Ҳûƽ䣬ٷ֮ǰܳɿߵҲܱԼĵĲʸС
Ȩ΢еƨǰɣҲôõġ
£ðǰǴкһ֮ҲʮһҪˡ
ʮһ֮һȥִܲõλã뵽ɶϯȥ
Ȩ£ܳɺ߮һ㶡
ȨҪŽȥôԺηչĻܼܲȥǾͲ˵ˡ
ǱôңTMҪȥоʿһΪüĸϻ˵ʲôΪ˸ҽѧҵȥ硣
ڼڲоƻ̣ԽԽѾоԼˣҹãҸæĻͱˣá
ҪѧϰģҪôרҵͨҪôǶԹͨҪһ
ңðɣڷڹ˾棬ǮƣʲôᣬԼᣬԼԼܿˡ
ڵļŲСˣҪȥúѧϰһʱ䣬˳޶
ܳɾ˵iޡ
顢ѧϰǺ£һʱҲãúԸõĹ
֧㣬ʱټһϾвʦһơܳѾѰɶȨźˡ
ãǶ֧ңҾͷˣҾҷ֮󣬻Ӱ쵽ǵĳɳ
Һ־ãҵλֵôʵѹҪں涵ףҵøȻͻᱻ˦ˡѧϰͻʮֱҪġȨ˵յľȻֻȾơ
ȻʹţƣȻ׷һ֮ǰ£֮ǰȻǸСѹեʵǣȻԶɫʵÿϵѹܴ󡭡
ⲻѹ׷ѹˡ

ܳɻؼҵʱδеˡ
ڷĤܳɴİԣΪȣȨҪͶ˰ͬ⣿
ڰҰȨǾͲ¶
ΪŮӣ֮ǰȨŶĹ¶Щģ˼ҵĸȥߴٱ˸أ
Ӧ֤ʲôGDPֱˡ
Ȩֻǰ棬Ʒûġ
㲻Ҫ̫ƫһ㣬ʮڣŵغųԿϵ»ǮŻ
ʾĬ̫Ǯ˵硣
ڰԣСҪʲôͿԲں۸񣬵ʵԼĲƲȨһ˵İٷ֮һ
Ԫɣ
󼸸£ҰǸѧϰappʵѵǲܹóһС׶ɣҲýԼܳɳž⣬ѽʱǰ
ǽһǳͷҰǲǿȨˣ뷨ôãΪʲôҪͱȥѧأ
Ȩԭ򣬰ûԡ
Ǿ㽱һ¡ܳ˵ţֱӰѰĤ˺ˣ
Ŵžˡ

һ֮
Ȼһ죬ܳɵİ칫ӭһ֮͡
֮ǲ֮ͣûκٵɳУһûиԽڵһڴн͵͵ܹġ
ħԺ˶ҽѧҵĽڣǶˣԶĹϵӦ˽ǰϵ㣬ȻͨϵܳΪʡ
ͨƣҵԼ
Լļص㣬ҲǰҽԺϴѧҽԺ
պ飬ħԺ˶ҽѧҵһλڣʮͣܳɻһֵũԺĵһۡ
ɫƫĺھ˵Сܣ㰡һִһǿƻ֮ҷƿصֶصľС
㲻˵Ŀǰ˶ҽѧĹߣȽϾޣʵ԰ѸĹǰͬ⵶ƬһеҪصƾɺ;С
Ҳ֪ǲԼĴҸоᣬڵǣûκһطܹұָо
˶ҽѧľǹؽھƿغӦãؽھһıȽϴķչǶԹؽھеһϻϵ
һεĻ飬ܳɽǣ׵һӹؽھģʽģǰѴͳһЩƹߣӦõؽھС
˵ܹͨؽھţôԺļؽڸӹۣٲҪƵҶ
бȽϺʵԵĹؽڼ壬ôԺؽûͲӦõؽƵҶ󵶣ȫ΢
ܳԣ˵ڣĿǰûйٷʵҿͷĿУһЩ׶Σǳ극֮ǿȥԡ
аڵɫӺˡ
ǻʲôš
Ҫ֪ر˷ܵģ˵ܹһĲʵĻô˶ҽѧͻ뵽һֵĸĸ֮Уվǰһˡ
⻹ʵصĸĸҪ˵ʲô˶ҽѧӦڵЩ
ܹ׸ı䲡ӦģǾǰԵ
ڣôҪԵģżɺڣȻ˻СܲˣɳѽܳЦʾ


İپʮ Ҫ
Сʱ֮󣬵һ𾪵شĳʵʱϵɫ任·ϸ͵˴ӻ뵽ң˽׼ԿԽֶһ㣬̡
ƫͷܳɵĹУɫ΢Сܣʵң˶ҽѧе˱רƣǲҲһ֣
ͳţԴͳҲĿǰȽе˶ҽѧҵе¼֣ӳ֮⣬Ĵ󲿷ֲеûеġ
Ϊеޣ˺ܶɵĹжܵ˼ͣ˹ؽھӦʵ޵ġ
ҵйߺͶܵķչǸԵĶѧԹߵʹãƶᷢչһӦԵĸģ˵ףǹߵĸı䡣
붯ùߡ
죬ڿʵĺܶഴµеߣ˵ˢ֪
ԭܳɲ΢е֮󣬾ͽɲžˣԭܳΪֵȼѧְ˺̵ܶġ
ڣҲ˵ǲһְɣֻĿǰЩ߿ͿչʣĿǰŽ뵽ʵĽ׶ΣֻǹһЩ͹۵Ĳݡ
ȶԣɲԷ棬ûʽٴнãʧܵļʺܸߣȻż̵档
ллԸһеѽܳƵʵͣôԺڽ˳һ䡣
ɽ˲䵹һڵܳ˴Ĵָ
ھãҽԺܹһʱһ뷨ǾԵȷЩеֻҪҽԺչһ֮ڹ㲼ڣôģȳκŶ֮꣬ڣǸ̸ϸϳ֮ǲлᣡ
Сܣ˲ð
ܹƶߵķչıҪƶѧƷչӲףҹߵķչЯרԣܴ
ɽõһЩеһһ֮󣬻жôгǰ
һΣħԺĹǿܹôһ̨㳵νĻˮ̶кЭҽԺϾͷҪСˡ
ǵĵ̺ѧϰǿֻܳҪڲһʱ䣬ôǣȫѧǾװƣȷչĺô

ںɽ뿪֮ܳɾͰؼסһ£Ұε¼¼˿͹۵ĵ棺ħԺ˶ҽѧƺɽڣһ̶ͬ˹ؽھľмܵȼ
ȻܳɼʼдؽھƾԼУǹؽھĻҲǿչйؽھ߱רҵӲ
ĿǰĹؽھƾֻ漰·桭
ⲻģҲܳ¸Ŀǰ˽⵽ʵںϺģԸּܵĵȼ⣬Ȼ뵽ʵ
룬ҪһŦŦһ̶ԼҲˣԽԽ࣬Ͳͬˣžиӿ͹۵ĿŶȡ
ô֪²ܳһڶ裬ܳɵ֮£һȺ˵Ⱥ衣
Ҷǹߣֻܳɴߣͷ˺ܶ಻˼顣
ʵѧϰҲãǳɳҲãܶ˶ϲģֻǰһЩԭǲҲԸһʱȥ֧Լûϵ
³֮Լ޹أʧ֮ҪԼе

ںɽݷù֮ܳĵڶ죬ܳɾȥ˰ҽԺǱߣȻڰҽԺĹǿƶҵơ
ܳҵƵʱֵֵƽĿǰȻҽʦְơ
֮ǰΣڲʿձҵͻΡ
ܳɵʱƾͿʼܽڴݹ٣кָʾ
ʦܳɿɥ߽ĲӶ˲١
ⲻǣлո˵û˺ʲһ¿еúɽھˣһʦĹ͡
ͱڿˣҲȽϺöѡ
ԼְƳǰȥ£ȷЩ죬ԼҲвٵĵ̼ӳְԼлۣƻҪţԱߣʵԼŬƲС
ָܽĿǰʡ˭Ҳѽ԰ɣһƤ
ʦǶԲ𣬴ˡܳҲһתҪߡ
ƶ˴ԣ˫ֱӲ뵽ЬǶ꣬ܵļȻûж
ܳҲǼװһ£ϺٺٴЦ˻
Ȼ󿪿ھ˵ʦһµģҾֱӽ˰ǴģĿǰȱһλȽרҵĹؽڿҽʦأȥʦȽϺʡ
Ծ͹û뷨
ȻҲǰʹҽԺԺҲټģԺһ˵͡
ڶĹؽƻڷչ֮УҪȥϴѧҽԺͱ˴̨
ҿɲɣͷҡͬһ˹ģȴȻЩӲ
ҽԺӣҽϣؽƵĲ࣬ΪħԺֽӴ˲ٵ⣬ż㼸̨ؽڿƵǹˡ
ʦžܾҪ㽲һ顣
ʦֱըˣģĿǰĴģ˵ڱܣ˵ҰλøʵҲڱʦֽˡܳԵͳ˵
һ㶡
ܹܳλñȽϺʵĴʦ֣ǲƽô
ƽȥϴѧҽԺ
ⲻܹ
ʦֲȥغôƿ϶׷ƽٵİħԺ˵Σ˹ؽڿεְλְ֮ƽȥغһ
ʦǵĴʦ˽ʦڵʱʵʦ˵ˣͲһʵ˰
˰ʮڰǰҽԺԺԹ̸һѡҪפԺĿңǱԺܾˣһɽݶ
Ȼͱ˴ģԵҽԺڵĵڶؽơ
ܳҪƽģƽĵֲԼʵԼĴ޲㣬ѧ⡣
ƽĽʸ񣬱ȶֻҪϣҵڵĵλٻߣֱӾܹʿվ
Ƶǳ鴤ţһʱ䲻֪λػ
ܳʦ֣ȻһԭǣʦֺҹģȻʦûʲôǿԵֻ˵ʦ֣Ҳ
ĿǰѾڰְˡ֮ǰеĹʶ˽ȥ
һ㶣龹ȻʼࣺʦǷѿҲеǲʦ֮;ԼԳưˣ
ǿ磬һܹԦ˵ģ
ܳɴδʦֺ壬˵ҲһΣʦ¤Ĵ࣬¤֮ܳӡ̣ΪԼͬѧں˵¤ʦ֡ѱ䡯
ǺĻֻܳǵʦıߣȥҽԺ湤
ɽǣγ£Ϳʼ
ٸңԪʦֻ׿ˣҲ˹
Ԫ棬ȥ˹⣬пҲعˣ˵ڹòã
ܳɵ˵ͷʵұǾܾģΪôʦֵܣһǲЭġ
ֵܲ⣬Ҳʺһλ澺ʦֽľǣͷԪʦ˵Ըû׿ʦĸԣܹŶӷչġ
ʦֺͬʦ֣ǶԭλĿǰûб䶯
ʦֶѾôˣͻϣܹæ
ʦҪʲôǰٳһ𣿡
ⲻܹʦҲûݵ䣬ûпλճ
ĿǰڵԺʿ˳ƶȴ֮ǰƶȸΪ˿ƶȡ
ԺʿĸΪΥѧ»ƷвˣӰԺʿȺ͹ԺʱӦȰԺʿƺšԺʿΪ漰ҷɣΣʱ漰ɥʧѧ£Ժʿ׼ʱӦԺʿƺš
ƶȣ뵽һرĿԣĿԣ룬;൱¡
ûпλôһλ
ƽˣҪֱȥһԺʿŶӡҵԷĲ֮ȻԺʿƺţĻһ֮ԺʿУܹпƴһ
ʮ޵ģ
ܳ˵ʦ֣Ҳ²һҲ㣬Ҫһ취аΪһ·
׿ʦ֡ʦ֣Ҿпóµġ
Ҳ֪ʦ֪֪¡
ܳɵƽ
ѾģģˣƽѺ˾ۼһ֮һ֮ĳɹѡԺʿòƲƽѡģŪġ
ȻûΣգȴҲΪǽ塣
һģ⣬ܳɾͷ֣ƻһȽϹؼӰء
ңܳɲܰѴ󲿷ֵȥƽĽ֮Уܳɶ֪ΪʲôƽҪϴѧҽԺܳɿûԼġ
ʦѾˣ飬ʱȲҪʦ
ߣҹ°֮󣬾ȥһʦ֣ʲô㡣ƾԼԹ˵ġ
ŶˣСܡҲæһ£ĸˣܻѧ˵Ϊ
鲻ǿЦģԺʿŶӵǺܴģвѷͻǷǡе㺦
ƽҲ̫˰ɣ
ܳ˵ãûֱӽֻ˵˺ʦԼ׿ʦˣƾͲ²⵽˽֤⼸Ǹġ


İپʮ ӿ
ʦҵ˸ô죿ܳɻûʼжͿʼô
ҲңʵУûô
ܳҪƴҵ֮δĿǰΪҪ顣
΢΢һ㶣̾һҵˣҲ֪ô죬ô˵ɡ
ʵ鷳һЩһЩ飬ʵҵˣܹóɡ
Ҫάȣúѿ
ҶԷŶӱȻ˳ҲδܰѶԷĳ߾ٱֱӰˮ룬κ˶׽
ĽǣԷûʲôֻϵʧ൱˵һ٣һ
ƽ˵飬γԳ棬˭ܹľأ
ܳɾ˵ʦʵңκһ˶пܣκһҲûпܣҲΪʵǴɲصġ
һ仰κ鶼棬ʵ
ܳԼԼľҲκεĽ棬Ļڵѧѧλ·ǲûоرϵͳĿˣǱġ
ܳˣοˡ
Ҳˣ̶Ȼˣ߮磬ˣ˭˵ԼϾûаıùͷΣ
С
ʵµص㲢ҵƽҪԵĶ󣬶Ҫҵƽ׸ôȥĿʲôֶʲô
ֶʲôܳͨԼģḶֲ̌²һЩ
һЩӺĽҲǧ˿ƵĹϵ
ΪƽûռκεĺôԼһƬǽ壬ȴΪ˼£ǰԼ׸ܳԲߡ
ʦ֪֪ʦǰǲǺ˭йԹܳɼ׷ʡ
ǸĲƽܳɿ϶ܲ˵ؿϷǸľƽôܳɾͱҪһ¡
ԼƵ˵ľҲˣοƽԼʦ֡
ֻһ𣬰˷ֻܴʷС˵棬ʵУ㼴˾˵飬û취ҡ
ǣӦÿԡ
ƿԸԼһʾԼȥ취Լֱ취
ʦֲǹ˽һʲôȻĻ˽˶ԹʦǾԲȥôġ
ȵȣҪúһۣǶʲô飬ܴʦ֪飬ǲ֪ڵЩꡣ
ķ飬һĸ׼뿪ʱ
ʱķꡣ
һΣ
ϢתȦȻȻ뵽һȽϵ⣺СܣԪƽԺʿͣǲǱʦҪһЩ
ܳɵͷ˵ʱʦӦñǵʦҪ곤ӡ
Ǿˡ
ҷһ⣬Ȼڱʦ͸ԾٴϣΪǵʦǰٴأ
һοʦʱпɣ⡣
ʦְʱʦҲδվæ
ܳɵɫ
ʦǲеˣܳʡ
ƺҡͷ㲻ҪСǵʦĥģǧҪԳʦ뷨˼·
ΪҪ˼άѣʦԶԶʦĶ֣ȻĻʦֵӣôᱻʦô
ǱҪһС
кܴ⡣ƶԼ̫Ѩϵ󣬿ʼü
˵ʵƽɳ£ֵùעƽԼλʦֽ£ܾò̫ԾƽҲͻƿڵĻôҲֻܴԼʦȥҡ
ŹһܳͻȻ˵ʦ˵£᲻ʦйϵ
ǹǿ½Ժʿġ
뵽ѧԺʱ䲢
ģ棬ʵͨʵƲʵݲ֮Ӧ
֣ܳԼƲģÿ϶ظƽ
ճۣԱȽԺʿ˵εģȥġ
ʦºʦӦûκιϵƺԥعϻص
ʦôܹô϶أܳɷʡ
⣿Ʋ֪λشˡ
һԵ飬Ժʿʹûħһֱڱʡߣ˼û̫ϵ³Թ
Ҷ˵ˣƽͲһ˽ˡ
ҪҪһʦô죿ܳԼҲȽϺõĽ취ҼֱȥƽƽҲԼģ²űȽϸӡ
¾ͲҪ鷳ʦ˰ɡҡҡͷ
ƽְô飬γûйܣƽ£ʦ棿
ƶڻɣǲγڰƽô㡣
ΪʦȽľѧ
ʵ²ľܳɵһʦϣҲԣôˣƽĸԣȥҹϵ鷳
ǲ֪ô鷳±ø鷳

СʱȥȻûҵͷܳҲùڿ϶ͽʦɡ
һϣʦܹúÿһ֮ǰĽ顣ܳɿɻûǣԼĳΪ˸ƵлȻΪ£ȥϴѧҽԺŸЩ顣
һ¡Ȼûо
ʵãһЩʦֵǶһ𣬾Բʲô£ܻ֮ͻڣһ棬ԼļʦԷ٣ǲȥæһѵĻҲǿȥġ
ǣԼרҵϵ׷ϴѧҽԺʵֲˣˣᡣ

֮ܳɾҵڳȨҲ˵¡
£̾ȨȤ˷ܣ˷̶ܳȣ֮ǰעGDP¼ȨߵȷΪǳæµ
ԣҲ뿪ȥ飬ֻί˰̽µʼĩ
ܳɸȨǧҪ֮󣬲ʱ뿪ȨߣȻȥ밲ϣһ˰ļԷ
˻ѾȶпҲԸ
ÿλ֮ǰͻᱨ͡
찲ڼӰУԾֻаһޣܳɺͰϵ֮Ҳ˳æ
˼˰Ҳң׼˷ˡ
ʱϻ˼
źһ߷ŰһЦ˵СߣСˣ
ڳ߰æʰˮϰȥϴְɡ
ãҴСƽƿę́óһ£ҽСһС²ؽ
ĿǰίԱǣͷһҽѧʵҽѧʾĿأѡַͶɳУҽѧһ͹ܣʵʵ
ʾԵĻأռغܴ˵Ϊҽѧѡַ
ðϰ˼⣬ҽѧһԷ֯ѧίԱᣬôҪѡַأί˴֮󣬲֪
ԭԺһʱҽѧὫܳΪίԱᲢе֯ҲҽѧҵȽϺĵɲ֣ǻĿǰ췽棬뵽ҽѧȥ
ļʾԺҽѧᣬеʡڵѧ顢оġٴصȶ෽棬ѧƽӵҪɲ֣еҪĽѧá
һ൱ϵͳְܵλˡ
ԵѡʡɳУ⣬ܳйϵ
˵ͬʱھħͬĻأɳΪ½УȻܹвʸɲס
ңǰʱ䣬ٿʡڵҵԼûʱ򣬺𵽣ʡڵһҵǿһر͵Ľģ͡
Ŀǰ׶Σҵ飬ͲٴôҪҪʲôѧ͸ָӵˡ
ֻҪȫͨôϾͿԿʼ
һεСͻ飬˳ĿǰĶֻǾ׼ĸУȫҽѧԼиУԺԼ⡣
Ҫ˲ŵ룬ϣܹæһļѧơԶͲϵרҵ˲ŵҵнʴŵȡ
ʱðϲףΪòڣеԵɣ
СܺٺȾƣϰҲٺȵ㡣ûܾô˵
֪ףٺȵ㣬һϲѶҿҪȥίԱˡ
ʱҺȥɳпոСΪ˷ܵ˵
ڵͲ󣬹ίԱᣬһ塭
˿ϣȻٿ˿
ϵСţ˽ｲһ¾ͺáСһεȷǳ˵
ܳɺͰʱûκֱϵĹϵԲκεı֮˵
ܳҲûи߹ϵ˽˵һµȻûϵһ˵һͱʡίҲһ
ȻĿǰʣкܶİӿͱ
ôǰһ׵ġ
ܳɺͰĸ״ӳ߳ʱ;ʽʼˣǿ˰Ͱ϶˵ã԰ϵҲûɨˡ˰Сá
ֻ˵ܶˣ㱾΢֬Σҽ
ϵͷõϡ
ˣҪһ£ǾʡڵҽѧԺĿǰԺʿ֪ܲնΪѡ



 
ƽԼѾ˵飬Ұ϶Ǿ˼ǵģˣƳ棬ܳɳ棬ֹˡ
ܳһȥƽʱƽ˶һ˶ûκΰ취ȥȰɡ
½ĹǿԺʿڣƽ˼ƽκ˽ԹڣһΣƽŸ֪ħԺְɣԼһʱȥ
ƽһˣǳȥҹǹһְ֮󣬳ȥѰԼС
ǲôõġûְʡ
ƽĺӱ֮ǰħԺũҪ΢СһЩСò࣬ũԼ֮˽ã֮˽һЩ
ũ墵ĸĸͰϳȥæɣҳĿǰϵʱκ֪ȡ
ɾĹУһѧڻعʱ͸¶ϺħԺũ墵Ĺϵ
ƽ֮׷ĹУǶ±տڲᣬλѧҲ˵Լ֪ȥ
ʵ˽Թƽҵѧˣڰ빫ܣ
ѧˣԼѧߵѧ¼ԾٱѧȦһʶϿɡ
УµһʽletterǱȽֱȥʵһַʽ
ԵɣƵȻôɻȰʦ֣ΪӦôӳ飬ֻΪѰ˵ĻΪ¿Ըʦʦæ
ңΪ˽ԭҹڵѧȦ㲢
ƽ飬˽˽£Ϊ˽£ֱӹһԺʿŶӣôһǵ顣
¸ʦʲôã
ƣܳɣȥգһЩͱʣ㲻֪Ͳ֪ô࣬Ѿʹ˺ܶͬвһЩӹѡ
ô˵ɣЩΪ˹ʲô鶼óġƽֱͿ͡
ܳɺ˸˳
̬ȼ
ƺݺݵشͷ֪Ǻá
ܳɵҰ֪Լ֮ǰǰԤø飬Ϊ½Ǭݵ˹׼һϵеĺЧӦ£ܽĿ
֮ܳǰҹгĻûô¶
ܳɵʱֻ뵽Ч棬ܱ֤ÿһ˶ܹõõĹޡ
Ȼ˵ĻôԼҲҪʲô
ܳɵϾͷħһˣȻҵ½ǬԼˡ
ѾԺʵ½ǬûûҹؽŽ֢оԼ½ǬΪ׵ŶӣоԱѾ
½ʦðȻţʵֻΪ֤һ顣
ǲһι¼УΪ˻ֶܲˣ֪𣿡ܳɲûʾ¼
û鷢
½ǬݳĬ
һЩ飬ȹڵĶ٣ܳȷʵ
׽Աǣ浽𣿡½Ǭ˲ɵôʡ
ܳҲ½Ǭݵ˼
ҡܳЦҡͷ
Сܣ°ɣʵϣһ־⣬ǻˮġ½ǬҪ׷ܳôʵĿĺڡ
ܳɻûлش½Ǭ˼֮󣬱½ǬݺͰ
ֻǣ뿪֮ĵϣ½Ǭյһܳɵʼ
½Ǭʱ򣬿ԼĽչа˸׶ΣֿҪʮ׶ԵĿ֧š
½Ǭûϸ̸ܳɴ˵绰ȥ
绰δͨ
½Ǭݷܳһϣܹܳ΢侲һϢȥ
ܳҲûᡣ
ԥһ£½Ǭݻǲδ˵ȥԿóܵõܳҪʼġ£˵ȥ󣬶ܳɺķչ
ΪܳҪ飬ô֪Խ࣬ô·֮ܳɵΣҲԽ
ϣܳɾֱӷɻɳС
ҵ˰˵һΪĵľ
Ҫְˡ
Ĥֱӵ
òײŽ뵽ϴѧҽԺܳҪְôܳҪȥ
ҲҽԺˣҪһ飬¿ܻӰܴ󡣡
֮רҵ򣬾Ҳûȥ
ԺҪأʡ
ܳǮȻ٣ҪְĻҪǮҲٰǮˣҲˣǺô죿
˾ͷ⣬һɲܡһֱȽǲӡֱܳ˵
·ţȻȨĿǰȥܲõλãܳﴴǻڵģڷԿ϶û⡣
𣿡
ǵġѾȨ˵˵ġܳɵ˵ͷ
Բ𰡣ұͲǺϲѧҽ֮ߵһкܶ͹ԭġ
ڱ˿ܿ࣬ҵߣ󣬾Ҳ
Ҷԣ֪ܰĶſҽѧְҵϣһӾͲˡϲĶʵҽѧǴһʼע˵ģҲҵĹ

裬ԲҪְˡ
ʲô
裬ҪְˣһǲϲҽѧҾǮѾˣĽǶȥǵĻҲؼҽѧһмƴ
㡣
ɡ
棿
裬ԲĲϲ

2023꣬126ա
ܳɲμ˵Ĺ
2024213գܳɳɹְȥеΥԼ𣬽뵽ɳеĳС֣ΪһٵĹԱ
ϹԱְκκͬÿѹΥԼ
ΪԱĵڶգܳɰǰԤķͶ߲ϣȫһһ͸˹е֪ڿ
ͬʱһܳɿʼߵڹڴ˵һҴڿ״ڿϣͷ˹ҽʦȼƶְƶȵϸġ
ƪ²еǣܹǿƵǰרĴµԼ·ÿһƪĵĺ棬кܶ಻ͬĵ㡣
ÿһ㣬ԳΪһּһĴ·
ȫȻֱͲڿߵĿⴴµ㣬ֻҪߣⱻǳ飬Ҿ㲻⣬Ҳһƪ¡
ͬʱ
ڵĴ󲿷ˣͬȹϵϣʼ
ľٱţѹúܶ˶
ƽò׼ٴͶߵʱȴǱ֪ǵĸٲѾյˣڲѾڲˣںʵЩٵѧΪˡ
ܳɾǹڶĿѧˣһмλḻٴңֱܹܳӺ͹˻Իˣ֮ǰԹڵҽѧչ˷ǳҪá
ˣڲ٣Ƿǳ׿չһ¡
׵壬ܳɾֱӰϴѧҽԺڸɵõٵƢס
ȻϴѧҽԺϴѧϵͳֵܣܹʮڣƶʮƪsci塣
ͬʱȫΧڣһʱ䱻sci
һƪһΪѧɽڵգѧĩԪꡣ
ǣôķӦͶһƪӰȻûκηӦͶ
գҽѧֻҽѧ鲿ѧѧ˴רҵѵרҵܵĵȼˮƽ˲š
ְߣ֪Ͻڡ
ѧ˴ţҲƸ˹ر֪ѧְ
ͬ꣬ίԱԼƼϷģѧ˵κΪ̣ԴѧɹԼѧ£ϵľ⣬£Ե£ԵͻС
γһԸΪϽѧơ
ͬʱίԱᵥģԺʵרҵѧ룬רҵѧϵۺϿơ
ҽߣְƽʵпŻϽԻƶȲƶȡ
˾һ˶ȻǹͷͿܳɵĹںŻ΢ţǶ˺ţǱ˿˽˺ŵĵز

ʮ·ݡ
ڻίԱԼ֪УϾٰĹǿ˶ʿܱУϴѧҽԺĹǿ˶ʿ֮С
ϴѧҽԺ˶ʿƲɵ֮һٶרƵĹھרƵĵڶʱеĽ伣
ͬ꣬ʮµףȫемְƼܴĹУϴѧҽԺҽʦŶӣٴչֳƽָڵڶʮֵĲʱʡݵίԱᶼʼҪҽѧĵȼƶȡ
ͬʮµףʡίԱᷢʾʡĿǰǿҽƵķõѾأļʡ׽ѧҽԺѶʽķʡڵۺҽˮƽ
꣬󷢲ĹǿۺаϣϴѧҽԺĹǿƣԾȫģϴѧҽԺԾȫڰˣϴѧҽԺȫʮţһν뵽ǰʮ
ͬʱʡҽԺ뵽ȫǰʮ״ǰ١
ⶼǼΪ͹۵ݣ˲ҽѧģƶȡ
ͬףγԼԪƽԺʿȥѧԺְλ
ԺʿҲǿѧԺְ񡭡
У½ǬݽڵѡΪǿ½Ժʿ˽֢Ƶٴ飬Ϊ״֢ƽٴ׶εĿʼ
ף߮ͨܿõ߸߼ְƣϴѧҽԺܸˣ飬ĲֻڵĴˣҪƽﲡ˴󲿷ַơ
ϴѧҽԺʼȳ켱ۺġ

֮
ɳĳίԱḽִලСԱְ
ͬףܳɳϴѧУſڣһٵѧԺһݣ뵽У԰
ǼϴѧҽԺ﹤ڴڼ䣬ڵ顣
֮ܳϴѧѧϵҵȻͽ뵽ŵĳʵҹ
ȫꡣ


λߡ
д֮ˣǴеģǱڵʱûдãλѿҲʧȥ¡
ԣǰλһ֡
֣ǿ֮ǰܳ裬˵ġʱ뷨ҽģҽѧģ֮дܳˣϲҽѧΪҽѧӸǶȥŬˣǲҽѧ򣬷չһ
ֻΪƶҽѧķչΪûаãԿԽȻܳɵɣҲһʼע˵
ĽõģΪ
кܶźһûаԺʿǣƺ½Ǭʱ̫żдù
Ҳûϵһ飬뱾ûֱӹϵҲǧ˿ƵĹϵ
дһʱһڷеĹ¡

==========================================================
ྫУС˵֪أhttps://www.zxcs.info/
==========================================================